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Thu Jul 27 09:01:00 2006 UTC (17 years, 11 months ago) by dwinter
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harvesting methods

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    5:       <tal:block tal:replace="structure here/versionHeader"/>
    6:       <h1 tal:content="structure python:here.getContent('WEB_project_header')">History of Scientific Objectivity, 18th-19th Cs</h1>
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    8:       <p><i tal:content="structure python:here.getContent('xdata_01')">Names of responsible persons </i></p>
    9:       <p tal:condition="not:python:here.getContent('xdata_08')==''">Other involved scholars: <i tal:content="structure python:here.getContent('xdata_08')">Scholars </i></p>
   10:       <p tal:condition="not:python:here.getContent('xdata_12')==''">Cooperation Partners: <i tal:content="structure python:here.getContent('xdata_12')">Partners </i></p>
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   13:       <div class="indent" tal:content="structure python:here.getContent('WEB_project_description')">
   14: 	<p>
   15: 		In the middle decades of the nineteenth century objectivity established itself as a (if not the) cardinal epistemic virtue in the sciences. From astronomy to paleontology to physiology, new ways of making images, assessing error, and designing experiments were enlisted in the service of objectivity. 
   16: 	</p>
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   18: 		This triumph of objectivity over rival epistemic virtues like truth and certainty is all the more remarkable because objectivity had emerged only decades before. Only circa 1850 did the modern sense of "objectivity" make its way into dictionaries in the major European languages. The ideals and practices associated with objectivity in the sciences emerge at roughly the same time. 
   19: 	</p>
   20: 	<p>
   21: 		The story of how objectivity became so central to science is one of actions as well as words. Objectivity changed how science was done in concrete, specific ways. Photography, self-registering instruments, the method of least squares, and machines for measuring the personal equations of observers were all examples of these new scientific practices of objectivity 
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   26:       <tal:block tal:condition="not:python:here.getContent('xdata_11')==''">
   27: 	<h2>Related items at the digital research library</h2>
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   31: 				Item 2 
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   33: 				Item 3 
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   35: 	</p>
   36:       </tal:block>
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   38:       <tal:block tal:condition="not:python:here.getContent('WEB_related_pub')==''">
   39: 	<h2> Related Publications</h2> 
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   41: 	<p tal:define="pub python:here.getContent('WEB_related_pub')" tal:content="structure pub">
   42: 		"Die Kultur der wissenschaftlichen Objektivit&auml;t," in: Michael Hagner, ed., Ansichten der Wissenschaftsgeschichte (Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuchverlag GmbH, 2001): 137-158. 
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   44: 		(with Peter Galison), "The Image of Objectivity," Representations no. 40 (Fall 1992): 81-128. Translated into German (2002) 
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   46: 		"Objectivity and the Escape from Perspective," Social Studies of Science 22(1992): 597-618 
   47: 	</p>
   48:       </tal:block>
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   50:       <tal:block tal:condition="not:python:here.getContent('xdata_13')==''">
   51: 	<h2>Funding Institutions</h2>
   52: 	  <p tal:content="structure python:here.getContent('xdata_13')">Funding </p>
   53:       </tal:block>
   54: </tal:comment>
   55: </body>
   56: </html>
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