/**
 * Base class for Annotator resource classes.
 */
package de.mpiwg.itgroup.annotationManager.restlet;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.joda.time.DateTime;
import org.joda.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import org.joda.time.format.ISODateTimeFormat;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.restlet.data.Form;
import org.restlet.data.Status;
import org.restlet.representation.Representation;
import org.restlet.resource.Options;
import org.restlet.resource.ServerResource;
import org.restlet.security.User;

import de.mpiwg.itgroup.annotationManager.Constants.NS;
import de.mpiwg.itgroup.annotationManager.RDFHandling.Convert;

/**
 * Base class for Annotator resource classes.
 * 
 * @author dwinter, casties
 * 
 */
public abstract class AnnotatorResourceImpl extends ServerResource {

    protected Logger logger = Logger.getRootLogger();

    protected String getAllowedMethodsForHeader() {
        return "OPTIONS,GET,POST";
    }

    /**
     * Handle options request to allow CORS for AJAX.
     * 
     * @param entity
     */
    @Options
    public void doOptions(Representation entity) {
        Form responseHeaders = (Form) getResponse().getAttributes().get("org.restlet.http.headers");
        if (responseHeaders == null) {
            responseHeaders = new Form();
            getResponse().getAttributes().put("org.restlet.http.headers", responseHeaders);
        }
        responseHeaders.add("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", getAllowedMethodsForHeader());
        // echo back Origin and Request-Headers
        Form requestHeaders = (Form) getRequest().getAttributes().get("org.restlet.http.headers");
        String origin = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("Origin", true);
        if (origin == null) {
            responseHeaders.add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
        } else {
            responseHeaders.add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", origin);
        }
        String allowHeaders = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("Access-Control-Request-Headers", true);
        if (allowHeaders != null) {
            responseHeaders.add("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", allowHeaders);
        }
        responseHeaders.add("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
        responseHeaders.add("Access-Control-Max-Age", "60");
    }

    /**
     * returns if authentication information from headers is valid.
     * 
     * @param entity
     * @return
     */
    public boolean isAuthenticated(Representation entity) {
        // get authToken
        Form requestHeaders = (Form) getRequest().getAttributes().get("org.restlet.http.headers");
        String consumerKey = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("x-annotator-consumer-key", true);
        if (consumerKey == null) {
            return false;
        }
        RestServer restServer = (RestServer) getApplication();
        String consumerSecret = restServer.getConsumerSecret(consumerKey);
        logger.debug("requested consumer key=" + consumerKey + " secret=" + consumerSecret);
        if (consumerSecret == null) {
            return false;
        }
        String userId = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("x-annotator-user-id", true);
        String issueTime = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("x-annotator-auth-token-issue-time", true);
        if (userId == null || issueTime == null) {
            return false;
        }
        // compute hashed token based on the values we know
        // computed_token = hashlib.sha256(consumer.secret + user_id + issue_time).hexdigest()
        String computedToken;
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");
            String computedString = consumerSecret + userId + issueTime;
            md.update(computedString.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            byte[] dg = md.digest();
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            for (byte b : dg) {
                sb.append(String.format("%02x", b));
            }
            computedToken = sb.toString();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        // compare to the token we got
        String authToken = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("x-annotator-auth-token", true);
        logger.debug(String.format("got: authToken=%s consumerSecret=%s userId=%s issueTime=%s", authToken, consumerSecret, userId,
                issueTime));
        if (!computedToken.equals(authToken)) {
            return false;
        }
        // check token lifetime
        // validity = iso8601.parse_date(issue_time)
        // expiry = validity + datetime.timedelta(seconds=consumer.ttl)
        int tokenTtl = 86400;
        DateTime tokenValidity = null;
        DateTime tokenExpiry = null;
        try {
            DateTimeFormatter parser = ISODateTimeFormat.dateTime();
            tokenValidity = parser.parseDateTime(issueTime);
            String tokenTtlString = requestHeaders.getFirstValue("x-annotator-auth-token-ttl", true);
            tokenTtl = Integer.parseInt(tokenTtlString);
            tokenExpiry = tokenValidity.plusSeconds(tokenTtl);
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (tokenValidity == null || tokenValidity.isAfterNow() || tokenExpiry.isBeforeNow()) {
            return false;
        }
        // must be ok then
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * creates Annotator-JSON from an Annotation object.
     * 
     * @param annot
     * @return
     */
    public JSONObject annot2AnnotatorJSON(Convert.Annotation annot) {
        JSONObject jo = new JSONObject();
        try {
            jo.put("text", annot.text);
            jo.put("uri", annot.url);

            JSONObject userObject = new JSONObject();
            userObject.put("id", annot.creator);

            RestServer restServer = (RestServer) getApplication();

            String userID = annot.creator;
            if (userID.startsWith(NS.MPIWG_PERSONS)) {
                userID = userID.replace(NS.MPIWG_PERSONS, ""); // entferne NAMESPACE
            }
            String userName = restServer.getUserNameFromLdap(userID);
            userObject.put("name", userName);

            jo.put("user", userObject);

            List<String> xpointer = new ArrayList<String>();

            if (annot.xpointers == null || annot.xpointers.size() == 0)
                xpointer.add(annot.xpointer);
            else {
                for (String xpointerString : annot.xpointers) {
                    xpointer.add(xpointerString);
                }
            }
            jo.put("ranges", transformToRanges(xpointer));
            jo.put("id", annot.annotationUri);
            return jo;
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    private JSONArray transformToRanges(List<String> xpointers) {

        JSONArray ja = new JSONArray();

        Pattern rg = Pattern
                .compile("#xpointer\\(start-point\\(string-range\\(\"([^\"]*)\",([^,]*),1\\)\\)/range-to\\(end-point\\(string-range\\(\"([^\"]*)\",([^,]*),1\\)\\)\\)\\)");
        Pattern rg1 = Pattern.compile("#xpointer\\(start-point\\(string-range\\(\"([^\"]*)\",([^,]*),1\\)\\)\\)");

        try {
            for (String xpointer : xpointers) {
                String decoded = URLDecoder.decode(xpointer, "utf-8");
                Matcher m = rg.matcher(decoded);

                if (m.find()) {
                    {
                        JSONObject jo = new JSONObject();
                        jo.put("start", m.group(1));
                        jo.put("startOffset", m.group(2));
                        jo.put("end", m.group(3));
                        jo.put("endOffset", m.group(4));
                        ja.put(jo);
                    }
                }
                m = rg1.matcher(xpointer);
                if (m.find()) {
                    JSONObject jo = new JSONObject();
                    jo.put("start", m.group(1));
                    jo.put("startOffset", m.group(2));

                    ja.put(jo);
                }
            }
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return ja;
    }

    /**
     * creates an Annotation object with data from JSON.
     * uses the specification from the annotator project.
     * 
     * @see{https://github.com/okfn/annotator/wiki/Annotation-format}
     * 
     * The username will be transformed to an URI if not given already
     * as URI, if not it will set to the MPIWG namespace defined in
     * de.mpiwg.itgroup.annotationManager.Constants.NS
     * @param jo
     * @return
     * @throws JSONException
     */
    public Convert.Annotation createAnnotation(JSONObject jo, Representation entity) throws JSONException {
        Convert.Annotation annot;
        String url = jo.getString("uri");
        String text = jo.getString("text");
    
        String username = null;
        if (jo.has("user")) { 
            // not required, if no username given authuser
            // will be used otherwise username and password
            // has to be submitted
            JSONObject user = jo.getJSONObject("user");
            if (user.has("id")) {
                username = user.getString("id");
                if (!user.has("password")) {
                    User authUser = handleBasicAuthentification(entity);
                    if (authUser == null) {
                        setStatus(Status.CLIENT_ERROR_FORBIDDEN);
                        return null;
                    }
                    username = authUser.getIdentifier();
                } else {
                    String password = user.getString("password");
                    if (!((RestServer) getApplication()).authenticate(username, password, getRequest())) {
                        setStatus(Status.CLIENT_ERROR_FORBIDDEN);
                        return null;
                    }
                }
            }
    
        } else {
            User authUser = handleBasicAuthentification(entity);
            if (authUser == null) {
                setStatus(Status.CLIENT_ERROR_FORBIDDEN);
                return null;
            }
            username = authUser.getIdentifier();
        }
    
        String xpointer;
        if (jo.has("ranges")) {
            JSONObject ranges = jo.getJSONArray("ranges").getJSONObject(0);
            String start = ranges.getString("start");
            String end = ranges.getString("end");
            String startOffset = ranges.getString("startOffset");
            String endOffset = ranges.getString("endOffset");
    
            try {
                xpointer = url
                        + "#"
                        + URLEncoder.encode(String.format(
                                "xpointer(start-point(string-range(\"%s\",%s,1))/range-to(end-point(string-range(\"%s\",%s,1))))",
                                start, startOffset, end, endOffset), "utf-8");
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                setStatus(Status.SERVER_ERROR_INTERNAL);
                return null;
            }
        } else {
            xpointer = url;
        }
    
        // username should be a URI, if not it will set to the MPIWG namespace defined in
        // de.mpiwg.itgroup.annotationManager.Constants.NS
        if (!username.startsWith("http"))
            username = NS.MPIWG_PERSONS + username;
    
        return new Convert.Annotation(xpointer, username, null, text, null);
    }

}