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Appendix Version 2009-02-14
author Klaus Thoden <kthoden@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
date Thu, 02 May 2013 11:12:52 +0200
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1 <?xml version="1.0"?>
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2 <archimedes xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" > <info>
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3 <author>Tartaglia, </author>
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4 <title>Invention</title>
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5 <date>1664</date>
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6 <place>London</place>
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7 <translator>Thomas Salusbury</translator>
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8 <lang>en</lang>
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9 <cvs_file>tarta_inven_075_en_1664.xml</cvs_file>
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10 <cvs_version></cvs_version>
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11 <locator>075.xml</locator>
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12 </info> <text> <front>
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14 <section> <pb xlink:href="075/01/001.jpg"></pb>
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16 <pb xlink:href="075/01/002.jpg"></pb><p type="head">
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18 <s>THE <lb></lb>TROUBLESOME <lb></lb>INVENTION <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>OF<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Nicolas Tartalea:</s></p><p type="head">
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20 <s>BEING <lb></lb>A Generall way to recover from the bottome of the <emph type="italics"></emph>Water,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>any <emph type="italics"></emph>SHIP<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> that&#039;s <emph type="italics"></emph>Sunke,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Or any other <emph type="italics"></emph>Ponderous Maſſe,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> though <lb></lb>it were a <emph type="italics"></emph>Solid TOWER of Metal.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="head">
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22 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>TOGETHER WITH<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>An Artificiall way of DIVING, and ſtaying a long <lb></lb>time under <emph type="italics"></emph>Water,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> to ſeeke any thing <emph type="italics"></emph>Sunke<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> in the <lb></lb>greateſt <emph type="italics"></emph>DEPTHS.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="head">
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24 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>AS ALSO, <lb></lb>A SVPPLEMENT,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Shewing a <lb></lb>Generall and Secure Way to <emph type="italics"></emph>Grapple, &amp;c.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> any <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Submerged SHIP.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="head">
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26 <s>Engliſhed, By <emph type="italics"></emph>THO. SALUSBURY,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <expan abbr="Eſq;">Eſque</expan></s></p><figure id="id.075.01.002.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/002/1.jpg"></figure><p type="head">
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28 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>LONDON,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Printed by WILLIAM LEYBOURN, <emph type="italics"></emph>Anno Dom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>MDC LXIV.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><pb xlink:href="075/01/003.jpg"></pb></section><section><p type="main">
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30 <s>To the moſt <emph type="italics"></emph>Serene,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> and moſt <emph type="italics"></emph>Illustrious<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Prince, FRANCESCO DONATO <lb></lb>Duke of VENICE.</s></p><p type="main">
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32 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>It having been told me here at<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Breſcia, <emph type="italics"></emph>Moſt Serene and Moſt <lb></lb>Illuſtrious Prince, that about ten
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33 <lb></lb>years ſince, that a Ship full-laden
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34 <lb></lb>did ſinke near to<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Malamoccho, <emph type="italics"></emph>in
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35 <lb></lb>about<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> 5 <emph type="italics"></emph>Fathome of Water, and
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36 <lb></lb>that to endeavour the recovering and getting it from
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37 <lb></lb>thence, there had been uſed all thoſe Means, and boun­
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38 <lb></lb>tifull Offers and Tenders that could be imagined, aſwel
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39 <lb></lb>by the Illuſtrious Signory, for the Preſervation of the
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40 <lb></lb>Port, as by the chief Owners of the Ship and its Cargo:
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41 <lb></lb>and that although there were many that had tried, and
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42 <lb></lb>attempted the ſame, by ſundry and divers wayes, of no
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43 <lb></lb>ſmall expence, and that it had been ſever all times well
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44 <lb></lb>grappled and begirt, yet nevertheleſs as far as I could
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45 <lb></lb>hear, none of them were able to raiſe her from that ſmall
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46 <lb></lb>depth: And it being alſo told me, that of late there was
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47 <lb></lb>another ſunk again in leſs than four Fathome of Water,
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48 <lb></lb>ſo that all its Poope and Prow, and a greate part of its
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49 <lb></lb>Hull, was above Water, and that yet not with ſtanding this
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50 <lb></lb>alſo was judged by the fruitleſs Experiments and Ex­
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51 <lb></lb>penſes made about the former, to be irrecoverable, ſo<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb xlink:href="075/01/004.jpg"></pb><emph type="italics"></emph>that for the clearing of the Port, it is preſently reſolved,
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52 <lb></lb>that the ſaid Ship ſhould be broken up, &amp; taken to pieces
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53 <lb></lb>at low Water: and ſo, for ought that I hear, it hath been.
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54 <lb></lb></s><s>Now I having conſidered of how great prejudice the
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55 <lb></lb>breaking up of ſuch a Veſſel was, beſides the loſs of the
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56 <lb></lb>Cargo, I deliberated about the finding of a way or Rule,
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57 <lb></lb>that might remedy ſuch detriment all Occurrences: And
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58 <lb></lb>having found out one thats generall and unquestionable, I
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59 <lb></lb>thought fit, for the common benefit of this renowned City,
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60 <lb></lb>to declare, and by Figures to dilucidate the ſame in the
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61 <lb></lb>preſent Tractate, and to offer and dedicate the ſame to
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62 <lb></lb>your Highneſs; not as a preſent worthy of yon (for indeed
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63 <lb></lb>theſe Mechanicall Matters are exceeding diſproporti­
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64 <lb></lb>onate to your Highneſs Merits) but only with an Ambi­
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65 <lb></lb>tion to Enoble and Dignifie my Book with your Glorious
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66 <lb></lb>Name; In confidence that like as the Sun doth not diſ­
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67 <lb></lb>dain that all ſorts of Perſons ſhould make uſe of its light
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68 <lb></lb>and heat, ſoneither will Your accuſtomed Humanity be
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69 <lb></lb>offended with this my Preſumption; and therefore I
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70 <lb></lb>humbly lay my ſelf at your Highneſs Feet,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="main">
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71
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72 <s>Nicolas Tartalea.</s></p><pb xlink:href="075/01/005.jpg" pagenum="483"></pb><p type="head">
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73
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74 <s>THE
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75 <lb></lb>Induſtrious or Troubleſome
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76 <lb></lb>INVENTION
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77 <lb></lb>OF
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78 <lb></lb>Nicolas Tartalea:</s></p> </section></front> <body> <chap> <p type="head">
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79
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80 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>BOOKEI.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="caption">
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81
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82 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The Figure of a Ship ſunke according to the Relation made of that
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83 <lb></lb>which was cauſed to be broken up neere<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Malamoccho, <emph type="italics"></emph>as being
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84 <lb></lb>judged irrecoverable.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><figure id="id.075.01.005.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/005/1.jpg"></figure><p type="head">
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85
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86 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION I.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="main">
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87
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88 <s>Before I come to declare the promiſed way
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89 <lb></lb>to recover any laden or empty Ship when
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90 <lb></lb>it is ſunke; I thinke it convenient (<emph type="italics"></emph>Moſt
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91 <lb></lb>Serene and Illuſtrious Prince,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) firſt to de­
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92 <lb></lb>clare the reall cauſe of its ſinking.<pb xlink:href="075/01/006.jpg" pagenum="484"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1552"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin">
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93
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94 <s><margin.target id="marg1552"></margin.target><emph type="italics"></emph>Archimed.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of
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95 <lb></lb>Natation, Lib. 2.
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96 <lb></lb>Prop. </s><s>1.</s></p><p type="main">
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97
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98 <s>I ſay then; That its impoſſible that the water ſhould wholly
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99 <lb></lb>ſwallow or receive into it any materiall Body lighter than it ſelf (as
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100 <lb></lb>to ſpecies;) but it will leave or cauſe one part thereof to lie above
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101 <lb></lb>the Superficies of the ſaid water, that is uncovered by it. </s><s>And as
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102 <lb></lb>the whole Body demitted into the water, is to the part thereof,
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103 <lb></lb>which ſhall be received or admitted by the water, ſo ſhall the Spe­
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104 <lb></lb>cificall Gravity of the water, be unto the Specificall Gravity of the
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105 <lb></lb>ſaid Solid Body.</s></p><p type="main">
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106
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107 <s><arrow.to.target n="marg1553"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin">
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108
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109 <s><margin.target id="marg1553"></margin.target><emph type="italics"></emph>Archimed.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of
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110 <lb></lb>Natation, Lib. 1.
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111 <lb></lb>Prop. </s><s>7.</s></p><p type="main">
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112
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113 <s>But thoſe Solid Bodies which are more grave than the water; be­
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114 <lb></lb>ing demitted into the ſaid water, ſuddenly make the water to give
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115 <lb></lb>place; and not only enter wholly into the ſame, but they do go
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116 <lb></lb>continually deſcending, till they arrive at the bottom: And they
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117 <lb></lb>deſcend with ſo much greater Velocity, by how much they exceed
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118 <lb></lb>the water in ſpecificall Gravity.</s></p><p type="main">
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119
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120 <s><arrow.to.target n="marg1554"></arrow.to.target></s></p><p type="margin">
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121
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122 <s><margin.target id="marg1554"></margin.target><emph type="italics"></emph>A chimed.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of
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123 <lb></lb>Natation, Lib. 1.
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124 <lb></lb>Prop. </s><s>111.</s></p><p type="main">
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125
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126 <s>And thoſe again which happen to be of the ſame Gravity with the
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127 <lb></lb>water, of neceſſary conſequence being put into it, are admitted
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128 <lb></lb>and received totally into the ſame, but yet they ſtay in the Surface
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129 <lb></lb>of the ſaid water; that is, they ſuffer not any part to lie above the
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130 <lb></lb>Superficies of the ſaid water, nor much leſs doth the water conſent
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131 <lb></lb>to their deſcent to the bottom.</s></p><p type="main">
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132
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133 <s>And all this is demonſtrated by <emph type="italics"></emph>Archimedes<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of <emph type="italics"></emph>Syracuſa,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> in that
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134 <lb></lb>his Tract <emph type="italics"></emph>De inſidentibus aquæ,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> by us tranſlated. </s><s>And becauſe the
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135 <lb></lb>greateſt part of woods are lighter, or leſs grave than the water; he
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136 <lb></lb>therefore that ſhall build a Ship or other Veſſel meerly of wood,
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137 <lb></lb>lighter than water, its manifeſt that he cannot (though he ſhould
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138 <lb></lb>fill the ſame with water, as full as it would hold) make the ſame
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139 <lb></lb>totally to ſink, but that neceſſarily ſome one part or other of the
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140 <lb></lb>ſaid Ship or Veſſel ſhall ſtand above the Surface of the water: For
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141 <lb></lb>its a thing very clear, that all that ſame Body, compounded of wood
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142 <lb></lb>and of water, would be much lighter than if it were all only of water
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143 <lb></lb>without wood: Such a compound Body therefore being leſs grave
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144 <lb></lb>than the water, its neceſſary (for the reaſons above produced) that
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145 <lb></lb>a part of the ſame remain above the Surface of the water.</s></p><p type="main">
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146
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147 <s>And if the ſaid Ship or Bark ſhall be built (as it is uſual) with
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148 <lb></lb>Bolts, Nailes, and other Materials of Iron, and that ſuch Iron­
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149 <lb></lb>works be not of ſuch quantity, as to make that Body compounded
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150 <lb></lb>of wood and Iron, graver than the water, but that it continue ſtill
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151 <lb></lb>leſs grave than the water (as I judge all Ships and Barks to be;) The
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152 <lb></lb>ſame will follow as did before, namely, that filling the ſaid Ship
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153 <lb></lb>with water, as full as is poſible, it cannot by any means go to the
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154 <lb></lb>bottom If then a Ship or other Veſſel being wholly fill&#039;d with
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155 <lb></lb>water, cannot be thereby ſunk to the bottom; It is a thing evident,
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156 <lb></lb>that if ſuch a Ship or Veſſel ſhall be totally fill&#039;d with a Matter
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157 <lb></lb>lighter than the water; not only its totall ſinking under that weight <pb xlink:href="075/01/007.jpg" pagenum="485"></pb>will be impoſſible, but alſo its floating in ſome part above the Sur­
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158 <lb></lb>face of the water will be neceſſary: And ſo much the greater part
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159 <lb></lb>ſhall be viſible above the water, by how much the Matter of the
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160 <lb></lb>Lading, is lighter than the water.</s></p><p type="main">
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161
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162 <s>Therefore, if all the Cargo of a Ship (for inſtance) Buts of Oyl,
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163 <lb></lb>and that no other Matters of a graver Nature than water were intro­
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164 <lb></lb>duced, and that the ſaid Ship ſhould by ſome Accident be filled
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165 <lb></lb>up with water, it is not only manifeſt that the Ship cannot be there­
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166 <lb></lb>by ſunk to the bottom, but that a part thereof muſt neceſſarily float
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167 <lb></lb>above the Surface of the water: Becauſe all that Compoſition of
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168 <lb></lb>Wood, Water and Oyl, would be lighter than if it had been all
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169 <lb></lb>ſimply of water. </s><s>The very ſame would follow, if the Cargo had
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170 <lb></lb>been ſoley of Wine, Wax, Camphor, Spices, or the like Matters,
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171 <lb></lb>lighter than the water. </s><s>But becauſe the Merchandizes that fraight
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172 <lb></lb>Ships, or other Veſſels, are ſome (ſpecifically) graver, and ſome
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173 <lb></lb>(ſpecifically) lighter than the water: (The graver are all forts of
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174 <lb></lb>Mettals, as Iron, Tinn, Lead, Braſs, Copper, Silver, Gold, and infi­
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175 <lb></lb>nite other Species of Commodities; likewiſe the perſons of Men,
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176 <lb></lb>Stones, Ballaſts, and the like:) And that alſo there are ſome ſorts of
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177 <lb></lb>Commodities that chance to differ very little in Gravity from the
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178 <lb></lb>water: Therefore I conclude, that as oft as any Ship accidentally
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179 <lb></lb>is fill&#039;d with water, and ſo ſinks by degrees to the bottom, it is ne­
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180 <lb></lb>ceſſary to grant that all the Compoſition, namely, of the Fraight,
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181 <lb></lb>of the Veſſel, and of the water that entered into it, is more grave,
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182 <lb></lb>than if the compoſition had been all ſimply of water, by the reaſons
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183 <lb></lb>before alledg&#039;d.</s></p><p type="main">
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184
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185 <s>And therefore in ſuch a caſe things graver than the water, muſt
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186 <lb></lb>of neceſſity exceed in force thoſe that be lighter: and by how much
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187 <lb></lb>things graver than the water, exceed the lighter, ſo much the more
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188 <lb></lb>Force will be required to recover ſuch a Ship or other Veſſel being
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189 <lb></lb>ſunk, and on the contrary, ſo much leſs Force will be required,
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190 <lb></lb>when the Maſs of the Materials more grave than the water, ſhall
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191 <lb></lb>not differ much from the Maſs of the leſs grave: provided the Re­
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192 <lb></lb>covery be undertaken in ſome ſhort time after the Ship ſhall be ſunk,
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193 <lb></lb>For if the Ship lie many dayes under water, the delay will intro.
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194 <lb></lb></s><s>duce many difficulties: One will be, that it will conſolidate with
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195 <lb></lb>and dock or work it ſelf farther into the Mudd or Sand, which will
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196 <lb></lb>not a little hinder its Recovery; and again, the water will continu­
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197 <lb></lb>ally carry into the ſaid Ship, Ouze, Mudd, and Sand, which Mat­
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198 <lb></lb>ter is much graver than the water, whereby the Ship is continually
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199 <lb></lb>made graver as to the water, than it was at the beginning when it
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200 <lb></lb>was firſt ſubmerg&#039;d. </s><s>And moreover the corruptible Matters, which
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201 <lb></lb>are by nature lighter than the water, will corrupt, and corrupting
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202 <lb></lb>will change into other earthy ſubſtances much graver than the
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203
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204
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205 <pb xlink:href="075/01/008.jpg" pagenum="486"></pb>water: inſomuch that at the length, it ought to be preſuppoſed in
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206 <lb></lb>order to the recovery of the ſaid Ship, as if it were ſolely laden
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207 <lb></lb>with Mire, Dirt, and Sand: which doing, you will not be deceived
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208 <lb></lb>in the operation, that is to ſay, preparing and working with a Force
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209 <lb></lb>equivalent to that its Gravity. </s><s>The way to know how to prepare
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210 <lb></lb>Forces equivalent to the Gravity ſhall be ſhewn in the eight Expla­
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211 <lb></lb>nation of this.</s></p><p type="head">
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212
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213 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> II.</s></p><p type="main">
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214
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215 <s>Now to give beginning to the buſineſs propoſed, I ſay, that
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216 <lb></lb>in the Recovery of a Foundred Ship laden, or any other la­
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217 <lb></lb>den Veſſel that is foundered or ſunk, there interveneth more
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218 <lb></lb>eſpecially theſe three great Obſtructions. </s><s>The firſt difficulty is, how
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219 <lb></lb>to imbreech and grapple it with ſuch, and ſo many Ropes, as may
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220 <lb></lb>ſuffice to bear it up; for if this either by ill chance cannot be done
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221 <lb></lb>(whether through its being in a place two deep, or too far dockt in
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222 <lb></lb>the Mudd or Sand) all our other labour will be fruſtrate and vain.</s></p><p type="main">
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223 <s>The ſecond difficulty, when once it is grappled, is how with dex­
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224 <lb></lb>terity to ſeperate it from the bottom of the Sea; and this difficulty
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225 <lb></lb>will be much greater, the Ship being in a Miry or Sandy bottom,
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226 <lb></lb>than if it ſhall be in a Stony place; and it ſhall be alſo a greater
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227 <lb></lb>difficulty to ſeperate it from a very deep bottom, than from a Shal­
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228 <lb></lb>low; (alwayes ſuppoſing that the two bottoms be both alike, name­
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229 <lb></lb>ly, either both Stony or both Sandy;) and alſo far greater ſhall the
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230 <lb></lb>ſaid difficulty be in a Ship long ſunk, than in one newly four dered;
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231 <lb></lb>(as we have already ſaid in the precedent Explanation:) But when
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232 <lb></lb>ſhe is once water-born, or ſeperated from the bottom, its an caſie
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233 <lb></lb>matter to raiſe her up to the Surface of the water; for then ſhe ſhall
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234 <lb></lb>not be a little aleviated in her Gravity: But the truth is, the draw­
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235 <lb></lb>ing of it after wards above the Superficies of the water, is no very ca­
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236 <lb></lb>ſie matter, but is extream hard to be done; and this is the third
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237 <lb></lb>difficulty; the principal cauſe of which two laſt difficulties ſhall be
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238 <lb></lb>aſſigned by and by.</s></p><p type="main">
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239 <s>But becauſe the means to obviate and ſuperate the firſt difficulties
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240 <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1555"></arrow.to.target>
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241 <lb></lb>as more ^{*} common, we ſhall forbear to ſpeak of them untill the
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242 <lb></lb>next Book. </s><s>To provide, and that briefly, to the ſecond and third
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243 <lb></lb>impediments (which are the leaſt known) that is, not only to ſe­
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244 <lb></lb>perate the Ship from the bottom, but to raiſe it alſo ſomewhat above
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245 <lb></lb>the Surface of the water.</s></p>
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246
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247
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248 <pb xlink:href="075/01/009.jpg" pagenum="487"></pb><p type="margin">
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249
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250 <s><margin.target id="marg1555"></margin.target>* <emph type="italics"></emph>The Author be­
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251 <lb></lb>lieved (as he de­
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252 <lb></lb>clareth in the E­
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253 <lb></lb>piſtle to the enſu­
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254 <lb></lb>ing Suppliment of
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255 <lb></lb>this his<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Inventi­
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256 <lb></lb>on) <emph type="italics"></emph>that the Ma­
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257 <lb></lb>riners converſant in theſe affairs, had many wayes to imbreech a Veſſel uuder water; and for that reaſon he
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258 <lb></lb>over paſſeth it here, and is very curſive upon the ſame Point, in the ſecond Book, but giveth a generall Rule
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259 <lb></lb>for it in the ſaid Suppliment: to which the Reader is referred for fuller Satisfaction.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="main">
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260 <s>And this is the Rule that you muſt obſerve; If the Ship be newly
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261 <lb></lb>ſunk, you muſt immediately, if it be poſſible, find two other Ships,
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262 <lb></lb>that be each of them rather of greater bulk than the foundered Ship
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263 <lb></lb>than leſs: and when you have found theſe two Ships, you muſt
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264 <lb></lb>free them of all the inward and outward lading, and rigging, eſpe­
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265 <lb></lb>cially of thoſe things which are by nature more grave than the water,
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266 <lb></lb>as are the Guns, the Shot, and any kind of Ballaſt, which is preſup­
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267 <lb></lb>poſed to be in the Hold, and of other things of impediment; and
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268 <lb></lb>when theſe Ships are thus cleared, you muſt ſtop all the Loop-holes,
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269 <lb></lb>Cat-holes, Skuppers and Hauſes, which you ſhall finde between or
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270 <lb></lb>above Decks, graving and calking them ſo with Okum, and paying
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271 <lb></lb>them with Pitch, that the water can neither get in nor out thereat.
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272 <lb></lb></s><s>And next you muſt join or grapple theſe two Ships together with five
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273 <lb></lb>or more Tires or Orders of thick and ſtrong Beames tripplicated;
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274 <lb></lb>that is, that each of the ſaid Orders conſiſt of three Beams, joyned
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275 <lb></lb>lengthways; and that each of the three Beams be ſomewhat longer
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276 <lb></lb>than the bredth of the Deck or Hull of each Ship; and that theybe
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277 <lb></lb>thick and ſtrong, as being to ſupport the Foundered Ship, as you
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278 <lb></lb>ſhall ſee it made to appear preſently: and couple the ſaid Ships to­
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279 <lb></lb>gether, at ſuch a diſtance from each other, that you give berth, or
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280 <lb></lb>leave room enough betwixt for the foundered Ship to play; and
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281 <lb></lb>you muſt make this couppling in ſuch ſort, that the length or ſide
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282 <lb></lb>of the one Ship, look towards the length or ſide of the other; and
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283 <lb></lb>albeit this conjunction or grappling may be made with many Orders
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284 <lb></lb>or Tires of thoſe Bcams tripplicated lengthways, as was ſaid above, </s></p><p type="caption">
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285
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286 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The Figurall repreſentation of the two empty Ships, conjoyned with
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287 <lb></lb>five Orders of Beams, and towed juſt over the place where the
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288 <lb></lb>Foundered Ship is.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>
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289 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.009.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/009/1.jpg"></figure>
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290 <lb></lb>yet that we may not cauſe confuſion in the Figure, we would have
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291 <lb></lb>this colligation to be made only of five Rows, as appeareth in the
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292
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293
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294 <pb xlink:href="075/01/010.jpg" pagenum="488"></pb>Scheme: and although the ſaid Rows of Beames cannot be all
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295 <lb></lb>placed equidiſtant from the Surface of the water, for that the
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296 <lb></lb>Wailes or Rifings of the two Ships are not fluſh, but cuved, it is
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297 <lb></lb>not of any importance, ſo that they be well faſtened and ſtrength­
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298 <lb></lb>ened in thoſe places where they reſt upon the ſaid Rifings: upon
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299 <lb></lb>which Riſings, you ſhall conjoyn the ſaid Beams, namely, the two
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300 <lb></lb>ends of them, which two ends ſhall be the ſtrongeſt place, able to
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301 <lb></lb>ſupport any great weight. </s><s>Yet the truth is, that to fit theſe Tires
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302 <lb></lb>of Beams, you need not have regard to make them paſs through from
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303 <lb></lb>ſide to ſide, in that weak part of the Ships Poop and Prow, to reſt
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304 <lb></lb>them on the Rifings or Gun-wales of the Deck of thoſe Ships, and
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305 <lb></lb>to go croſs the Hull in thoſe places. </s><s>And next you are to make upon
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306 <lb></lb>theſe Beams, that is upon the mouths of both the Ships, a Plat-form
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307 <lb></lb>of Planks for to ſtand upon whilſt you are about the work; leaving
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308 <lb></lb>diverſe Scuttles or Spaces open, whereby to deſcend, aud for other
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309 <lb></lb>uſes: And all this being done, you are to tow or hall theſe Veſſels
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310 <lb></lb>to the place where the Ship is that did ſink, and to lay them Board
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311 <lb></lb>and Board in ſuch faſhion, that the one may lie on one ſide of it, and
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312 <lb></lb>the other upon the other, as in the Scheme is apparent.</s></p><p type="main">
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313 <s>This being done, fill thoſe two Ships as full of water as they can
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314 <lb></lb>hold or ſwim, (the way to free them with great facility and expe­
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315 <lb></lb>dition, ſhall be ſhewn in the twelfth Explanation;) and being full,
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316 <lb></lb>wait the time of low water; that is, when the Tide returning, the
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317 <lb></lb>Sea doth low as much as it can do; and at that inſtant of time,
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318 <lb></lb>make the Ship very faſt with thoſe ends of Cords or Cables (with
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319 <lb></lb>which it was Swite or bound) to thoſe five, or more Tires of Beams,
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320 <lb></lb>wherewith the foreſaid two Ships were imbreecht or grappled: And
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321 <lb></lb>having well belayd or faſtned thoſe Cables, you muſt bale or take
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322 <lb></lb>out a ſmall part of the water out of one of the two Ships, and then
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323 <lb></lb>let it reſt ſo, till ſuch time as you have baled or taken a little more
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324 <lb></lb>than that quantity out of the other Ship; and then again take a
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325 <lb></lb>little more out of the firſt Ship, and leave it ſo till you have taken
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326 <lb></lb>another ſuch a quantity from the other Ship, and thus proceed gra­
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327 <lb></lb>dually, till you find the Foundered Ship, water-born or looſned
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328 <lb></lb>from the bottom: but being water-born (if it be in a Showle bot­
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329 <lb></lb>tom, as was that at <emph type="italics"></emph>Malamoccho)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> you are to take out the ſaid water,
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330 <lb></lb>equally from both the Ships, at one and the ſaid time, to the end
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331 <lb></lb>the Ship may riſe evenly without ſwagging or ſhaking; and thus you
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332 <lb></lb>are to proceed till you have taken all the water from the one &amp; the
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333 <lb></lb>other of the two Ships: In ſo doing, you ſhall ſee the two Shpis lea­
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334 <lb></lb>ſurely and gently raiſe the Ship that was ſunk, ſo high above the
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335 <lb></lb>Surface of the water, that you may commodiouſly free it, and
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336 <lb></lb>diſcharge it of its lading, as appeareth in the following Figures.
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337 <lb></lb></s><s>And if you would not keep the two Ships ſo long imploy&#039;d, you may
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338
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339
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340 <pb xlink:href="075/01/011.jpg" pagenum="489"></pb>warpe or towe the Foundered Ship at high-water to ſome place
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341 <lb></lb>where it may lie a-ground: and by that means upon the Ebbe or
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342 <lb></lb>Receſſion of the Tide, it will lie much more above water; and then
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343 <lb></lb>you may ſafely unfaſten it from thoſe five or more Tires of Beames,
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344 <lb></lb>to which it was at firſt tyed, to hall it to a place of ſafety, as it was
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345 <lb></lb>our purpoſe to do; and this ſhall ſucceed as well in an ouzie bot­
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346 <lb></lb>tom, as in a Stony, This though you may take notice of, that if
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347 <lb></lb>the Cargo of this new Foundred Ship was ſuch, that the things more
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348 <lb></lb>grave than the water, did not much exceed the leſs grave, it would
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349 <lb></lb>be eaſie to effect the recovery with two Ships, very much leſs than
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350 <lb></lb>thoſe which we have ſpoken of above; yet nevertheleſs it will be
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351 <lb></lb>good prudence to take them rather bigger than leſſer, that ſo they
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352 <lb></lb>may exceed 200000 pounds in Power, rather than want one only
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353 <lb></lb>ounce in Act; eſpecially in caſe you would in a deep place at the
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354 <lb></lb>firſt motion hoiſt it by meer Force ſomewhat above the Surface of
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355 <lb></lb>the water, for in that point alone it will require incomparably much
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356 <lb></lb>more force, than in all the other operations.</s></p><p type="main">
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357 <s>How you are to preceed, in caſe the Ship ſhould be ſunk in a
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358 <lb></lb>place very deep, ſhall be declared in the ſeaventh Explanation. </s><s>The
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359 <lb></lb>Figures of this Explanation are theſe two that folllow.</s></p><p type="caption">
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360
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361 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The Figure of the two Ships filled with water, to raiſe the Ship that
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362 <lb></lb>is ſunk<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>
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363 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.011.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/011/1.jpg"></figure></s></p>
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364
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365
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366 <pb xlink:href="075/01/012.jpg" pagenum="490"></pb><p type="caption">
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367
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368 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The Figure of the two Ships emptied as they lie, with the other Ship
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369 <lb></lb>raiſed up above water.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><figure id="id.075.01.012.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/012/1.jpg"></figure><p type="head">
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370
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371 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> III.</s></p><p type="main">
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372 <s>But if it ſo fall out, that you cannot on ſnch an inſtant, finde
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373 <lb></lb>two Ships of the ſame Bulk with the Ship ſunk, you may take
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374 <lb></lb>four ſmaller; provided, that all the four together hold twice
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375 <lb></lb>as much burden as the Ship ſunk, and rather more than leſs. </s><s>Which
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376 <lb></lb>four ſmall Ships being all firſt cleer&#039;d of their lading, and well ſtopt
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377 <lb></lb>in all their Skuppers and Portholes (as was ſaid in the two) you muſt
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378 <lb></lb>couple them with Beams and good Planks, by two and two, as you
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379 <lb></lb>uſe to do with two Lighters, when you would make a Bridge of
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380 <lb></lb>them: and theſe two pair of Hoys or Barkes thus coupled together,
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381 <lb></lb>you muſt afterwards faſten one pair to another, with ſeven of thoſe
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382 <lb></lb>Tires or Rows of thick and ſtrong Beams tripplicated, as was ſaid in
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383 <lb></lb>the precedent Explanation; and place them at ſuch a diſtance one
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384 <lb></lb>pair from another, as that you may leave berth or ſpace enough for
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385 <lb></lb>the ſunk or foundered Ship to riſe between them, and ſome what
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386 <lb></lb>more, (as was ſaid of the two.) And though this conjunction of the
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387 <lb></lb>two pair of Ships, may be made three ſeverall wayes, yet I will have
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388 <lb></lb>you make the two Poops or Hin decks of the one couple, to lie op­
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389 <lb></lb>poſite to the two Poops of the other couple. </s><s>And to make this
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390 <lb></lb>conjunction, you are to place two Tires of thoſe great Beams along
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391 <lb></lb>the upper parts of the ſaid Poops, ſo, that they may reſt in the in­
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392 <lb></lb>ſide on thoſe leſſer Beams and Planks, where with each of thoſe two
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393 <lb></lb>pair of Ships were coupled: and each of theſe Orders or Tires of
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394
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395
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396 <pb xlink:href="075/01/013.jpg" pagenum="491"></pb>Beames ought to be compoſed of three Beams conjoyned length­
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397 <lb></lb>wayes, as was ſaid in the precedent Explanation; and make two of
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398 <lb></lb>the Tires lie upon the Ships; and to thoſe Tires, let that ſunk Ship
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399 <lb></lb>be grappled: and another Tire of the ſaid Beams is to be placed in
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400 <lb></lb>the midſt between the one and the other couple; and two other
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401 <lb></lb>Tires of the ſaid Beams ought to be faſtened upon the one and other
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402 <lb></lb>ſide, that is, upon the Rifings or Bends of thoſe two couples of
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403 <lb></lb>Ships; and that being done, there will be in all ſeven Tires or Or­
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404 <lb></lb>ders of Beams; which ſeaven Orders of Beams ought conjunctly to
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405 <lb></lb>be prolonged, on the one and on the other ſide. </s><s>almoſt to the
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406 <lb></lb>length of the Hull of each Ship, as in the Figure is represented: and </s></p><p type="caption">
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407
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408 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The Figurall example how to recover a Foundered Ship with four
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409 <lb></lb>ſmall Ships<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>
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410 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.013.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/013/1.jpg"></figure>
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411 <lb></lb>this being done, you are to proceed, as hath been ſhewn in the two,
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412 <lb></lb>that is, fill them top full of water, and at low water, imbreech the
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413 <lb></lb>Ship ſunk very well, withall thoſe ends of Ropes or Cables, that
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414 <lb></lb>you did belay to thoſe ſeven Tires of Beams: and when thoſe
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415 <lb></lb>Grapplings ſhall be well made faſt; you ſhall at high water bale or
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416 <lb></lb>free the water by little and little out of the Ships, one pair after a­
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417 <lb></lb>nother, till you feel the foundered Ship is diſengaged from the bot­
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418 <lb></lb>tom, and water-born, as was ſaid in the two. </s><s>And having ſepera­
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419 <lb></lb>ted it from the bottom (if it be in a ſhallow place, as was that where
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420 <lb></lb>the Ship was foundered neer <emph type="italics"></emph>Malamoccho<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) you are to proceed to let
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421 <lb></lb>out the reſt of the ſaid water, but take it equally and gradually from
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422 <lb></lb>the one and the other pair, that they may deſcend evenly, and with­
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423 <lb></lb>out heeling, as was ſaid of the two; and in ſo doing, the ſaid Ship
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424 <lb></lb>ſhall not only be hoiſted up to the Surface of the water, but much
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425
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426
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427 <pb xlink:href="075/01/014.jpg" pagenum="492"></pb>above the ſame; ſo that you may in that poſture free or drain it
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428 <lb></lb>and diſcharge it of the Cargo. </s><s>But if you cannot ſo long ſpare
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429 <lb></lb>thoſe four Ships from other uſes, then you may at high water tow
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430 <lb></lb>it to ſome place, where running it on ground, you may at the ebbe
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431 <lb></lb>of the Tide (for that then there will lie much more of it above wa­
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432 <lb></lb>ter) ſafely looſe it from thoſe Beames, as was alſo ſaid in the prece­
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433 <lb></lb>dent Explanation of the two Ships.</s></p><p type="main">
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434 <s>But in caſe the Foundered Ship ſhould chance to be in a very deep
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435 <lb></lb>Sea, in the ſeventh Explanation (to be the briefer in this place)
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436 <lb></lb>ſhall be ſhewn how you are to proceed.</s></p><p type="head">
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437
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438 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> IV.</s></p><p type="main">
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439 <s>And if it happen that it ſhould be in a place where there are
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440 <lb></lb>no Ships to be got, either great cr little; you may take of
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441 <lb></lb>other kind of Pinaces, Barks or Barges, but endeavour to
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442 <lb></lb>get ſuch as are floaty, and higheſt built in there Rifings, that ſo they
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443 <lb></lb>may, at ſuch time as they are full of water, deſcend very far under
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444 <lb></lb>water, (or according to the Mariners phraſe, may draw much wa­
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445 <lb></lb>ter) and of theſe you muſt ſtop all the Skuppers, Hawſes, Cat-holes
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446 <lb></lb>and Port holes, that you finde, as in the Ships, that they may hold
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447 <lb></lb>the more water, and conſequently draw the more water, or be de­
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448 <lb></lb>preſſed deeper into the ſame; and take ſo many couple of theſe
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449 <lb></lb>Botes, that they may all together contain double the burden of
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450 <lb></lb>the Ship to be recovered, and rather much more, than any thing
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451 <lb></lb>leſs. </s><s>And of all theſe Boats or Barks, make two Squadrons, conjoyning
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452 <lb></lb>each Squadron with good ſmall Timbers &amp; Planks, as you uſe to do,
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453 <lb></lb>when you would make a Bridge of Boats: And theſe ſame Veſſels of
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454 <lb></lb>the one and other diviſion, ſhould be placed board and board, that ſo
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455 <lb></lb>the great Beams, which are to conjoyn one Squadron to the other,
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456 <lb></lb>may bear upon the Rifings, Bends or Wales, of the ſaid Veſſels. </s><s>And
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457 <lb></lb>this being done, you are to couple theſe two Squadrons, to each other
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458 <lb></lb>with thoſe thick and ſtrong Tires of Beams, mentioned in the former
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459 <lb></lb>Explanations, which Orders of Beams ſhould be fixed between two &amp;
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460 <lb></lb>two of thoſe Botes, as is ſaid above, to the end, that they may bear or
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461 <lb></lb>reſt upon the Bends of thoſe Boats; and place another Tire upon the
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462 <lb></lb>outſides of both the Diviſions, upon the ends of the croſs ſmall Beams
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463 <lb></lb>which hold the ſeverall Veſſels together: So that if the Squadrons con­
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464 <lb></lb>ſiſted each of four Barks, the Tires of the ſaid Beams would come to
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465 <lb></lb>be five,; and if there ſhould be five in a Squadron, the Tires of
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466 <lb></lb>Beams would be ſix, and ſo forwards; that is, the Orders of Beams, by
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467 <lb></lb>this means, ſhall be alwayes one more than the number of Botes in
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468 <lb></lb>each Squadron. </s><s>But in the Ships you muſt obſerve another method,
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469 <lb></lb>becauſe of thoſe two Orders, which are placed in each Poop; by </s></p>
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470
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471
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472 <pb xlink:href="075/01/015.jpg" pagenum="493"></pb><p type="caption">
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473
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474 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The way to recover a Foundered Ship with many Barks or Wherryes.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>
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475 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.015.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/015/1.jpg"></figure>
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476 <lb></lb>which means in every two Ships to a Diviſion (which in all make
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477 <lb></lb>four Ships) there muſt be ſeven Orders of Beams, and in three Ships
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478 <lb></lb>to a Squadron, there muſt be ten Orders of Beams, and in four
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479 <lb></lb>Ships to a Squadron thirteen; and thus proceeding forwards to a
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480 <lb></lb>greater number of Ships in a Squadron. </s><s>And having underſtood the
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481 <lb></lb>way of coupling many Barks or Wherryes in Squadrons; as alſo the
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482 <lb></lb>manner how to joyn or faſten them to each other, and with how
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483 <lb></lb>many Orders of Beams; you are to proceed in the reſt, as in the
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484 <lb></lb>precedent Explanations hath been demonſtrated in ſhowle bottoms,
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485 <lb></lb>but the directions how to manage this affair in deep places, ſhall be
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486 <lb></lb>declared in the ſeventh Explanation.</s></p><p type="head">
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487
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488 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> V.</s></p><p type="main">
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489 <s>To remove this inconvenience of taking Ships or other Veſſels;
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490 <lb></lb>and of ſtanding to lighten them of their Guns &amp; lading, and of
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491 <lb></lb>ſtopping their Loop-holes; you may inſuch a misfortune cauſe
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492 <lb></lb>to be made two great Veſſels, almoſt in form of ^{*} Cheſts without co­
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493 <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1556"></arrow.to.target>
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494 <lb></lb>vers, the length of each to be equal to the Hull of a middle rate Ship,
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495 <lb></lb>and the breadth equall to that of the ſame Ship at the Main-maſt,
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496 <lb></lb>and the height alſo the ſame with that of the Ship in the Bow, ſo
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497 <lb></lb>that each of theſe Plat forms or Cheſts, ſhall hold much more than
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498 <lb></lb>a common Ship, and thus both will contain more than the double
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499 <lb></lb>burden of ſuch a Ship. </s><s>And for the making of theſe Veſſels, you
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500 <lb></lb>muſt firſt make the Models in Carvel-manner of thick and ſtrong
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501 <lb></lb>Timber, with their Eutertaces, Tranſomes and Knees, to hold their
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502 <lb></lb>ſides and ends together: and this done, ſpike down to them certain
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503
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504
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505 <pb xlink:href="075/01/016.jpg" pagenum="494"></pb>thick and ſtrong Planks; and then cauſe them to be well graved and
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506 <lb></lb>calked in the Seames or Strakes by a Calker, with Okum, and paid
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507 <lb></lb>with Pitch, as you uſe to do Ships or Gallyes, and then apply them
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508 <lb></lb>to your purpoſe. </s><s>And when you would uſe them, you need only
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509 <lb></lb>faſten them together with thoſe five or more Orders of thick and
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510 <lb></lb>luſty Beams, trippled lengthwayes, that is, prolonged both wayes,
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511 <lb></lb>ſo as that they may lie athwart the Decks of the ſaid two Veſſels,
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512 <lb></lb>and place the ſaid Ships ſo far diſtant from each other, as you gueſſe
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513 <lb></lb>the bredth of the Foundered Ship to be, and ſomething more: And
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514 <lb></lb>then make upon the Deck of each of them, that is, upon thoſe
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515 <lb></lb>Beams, a Plat-form of Planks, as was ſaid in the two Ships of the
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516 <lb></lb>ſecond Explanation, and afterwards proceed as in thoſe two Ships.</s></p><p type="margin">
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517
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518 <s><margin.target id="marg1556"></margin.target>* Of theſe Veſ­
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519 <lb></lb>ſels Cardinall
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520 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Richleiu<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> made
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521 <lb></lb>uſe at the Siege
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522 <lb></lb>of <emph type="italics"></emph>Rochell<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> to ſhut
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523 <lb></lb>up the Haven.</s></p><p type="head">
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524
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525 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> VI.</s></p><p type="main">
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526 <s>And incaſe you think the making of a couple of ſuch great
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527 <lb></lb>Modles or Veſſels, as we mentioned in the foregoing Ex­
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528 <lb></lb>planation, would be too great a trouble or expence; you
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529 <lb></lb>may make two pair of ſuch Cheſts, each of them but of halſ the
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530 <lb></lb>bulk of one of the former: but if you judge theſe two pair too
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531 <lb></lb>troubleſome, you may make three, four, or more pairs; alwayes
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532 <lb></lb>provided, that amongſt them all they hold about twiſe the burden
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533 <lb></lb>of the Ship ſunk; and theſe Frames when you would uſe them, muſt
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534 <lb></lb>be joyned together in two Ranks, with leſſer Beams and Planks,
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535 <lb></lb>as was ſaid of the four Boats or Wherryes; and then faſten theſe
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536 <lb></lb>two Ranks to each other at the requiſite diſtance, with great and
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537 <lb></lb>ſtrong tripplicated Beams, as was ſaid of the Ships, Barks and Boats;
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538 <lb></lb>and then operate as you was to do with thoſe: alwayes remembring
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539 <lb></lb>in the freeing or emptying the ſaid Veſſels, to bale out the water by
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540 <lb></lb>little and little firſt from one Rank, and then from the other; and
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541 <lb></lb>ſo proceed interchangeably till you percieve that the Ship is clear of
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542 <lb></lb>the bottom: and being diſengaged, if it be in a ſhallow place,
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543 <lb></lb>continue taking the water equally out of the one and other Diviſi­
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544 <lb></lb>on of Veſſels, till all the water be drained out of them, as was requi­
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545 <lb></lb>red upon the former Explanations: but if it be ſunk in a deep Sea,
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546 <lb></lb>the next Explanation ſhall ſhew how you are to proceed; and that
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547 <lb></lb>briefly.</s></p><p type="head">
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548
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549 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> VII.</s></p><p type="main">
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550 <s>And in caſe the ſaid Ship newly ſunk, chance to be in a very
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551 <lb></lb>deep bottom; It will be neceſſary firſt to fix upon thoſe
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552 <lb></lb>two or four Ships, or upon thoſe two Squadrons of Barks,
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553 <lb></lb>Fly-boats or Wherryes, at leaſt ſix or eight Capſtains, Ship-Cranes
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554
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555
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556 <pb xlink:href="075/01/017.jpg" pagenum="495"></pb>or Windlaſſes, with their neceſſary Garnets or Pullies, requiſite to
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557 <lb></lb>ſnch a weight: and you may eaſily accomodate theſe Pullies, to thoſe
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558 <lb></lb>Orders of great Beams, wherewith the ſaid Veſſels were conjoyned.
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559 <lb></lb></s><s>And having prepared theſe Capſtains, you are to proceed in all
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560 <lb></lb>things, as hath been directed you in the precedent Explanations,
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561 <lb></lb>excepting only in this, that whilſt you are freeing the water alter­
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562 <lb></lb>nately by degrees out of the two or more Ships, or from the two
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563 <lb></lb>Squadrons of Barks, Fly-boats or Wherryes, as ſoon as you finde
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564 <lb></lb>the Foundered Ship to be water-born or got clear of the bottom of
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565 <lb></lb>the Sea, I would have you ceaſe to take any more water forth of
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566 <lb></lb>the ſaid Ships, or leſſer Veſſels before filled; and I would have you
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567 <lb></lb>with thoſe Capſtains, attempt to draw the ſaid Ship that was funk
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568 <lb></lb>unto the Levell or Surtace of the water, or to lie Horizontal unto it,
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569 <lb></lb>which may be eaſily done, for that its ponderoſity will be much di­
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570 <lb></lb>miniſhed. </s><s>And when you have drawn it to the Surface of the water,
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571 <lb></lb>then I would have you diſcharge all the other water out of the two
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572 <lb></lb>Ships, or the two Squadrons of ſmall Veſſels. </s><s>And this ſecond wa­
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573 <lb></lb>ter, I would have raken equally, and at the ſame time, from the one
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574 <lb></lb>and the other Ship, or from each Rank of Barks or Boats, as hath
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575 <lb></lb>been ſaid of the other. </s><s>And thus thoſe Ships or Squadrons of Boats
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576 <lb></lb>ſhall hoiſt the ſaid Foundered Ship, ſo high above the Superficies of
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577 <lb></lb>the water, that you may free it of the water which was got into it,
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578 <lb></lb>and unlade its Cargo, which was our purpoſe.</s></p><p type="main">
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579 <s>You muſt note, that all that hath been hitherto ſaid of a Ship
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580 <lb></lb>newly ſunk, ought to be underſtood of all other kind of Foundered
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581 <lb></lb>Ships, proceeding alwayes proportionately as was directed in that
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582 <lb></lb>Ship. </s><s>And again, I give you no Figure how you are to fit and fix
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583 <lb></lb>the Capſtains and Pullies, as being a thing common and manifeſt.</s></p><p type="head">
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584
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585 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> VIII.</s></p><p type="main">
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586 <s>But if it ſo fall out, that the ſaid Ship or other Veſſel hath been
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587 <lb></lb>ſunk many Months; albeit that there might have been many
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588 <lb></lb>matters in the Cargo of a lighter nature than water, yet you
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589 <lb></lb>muſt ſuppoſe the caſe as if the Ship were as heavy as if it had been
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590 <lb></lb>fil&#039;d with Sand or Gravel; yea and much heavier, for many Reaſons,
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591 <lb></lb>as hath been alledg&#039;d in the firſt Explanation. </s><s>Therefore that you
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592 <lb></lb>may not deceive your ſelves in the deſigned recovering of it, you
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593 <lb></lb>would do well to double the Forces required to the recovery of a
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594 <lb></lb>new ſunk Ship; that is, you muſt take four Ships, each as big as
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595 <lb></lb>the Foundered <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hip, and combine theſe four <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips, as you were re­
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596 <lb></lb>quired to joyn the four ſmall <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips in the third Explanation. </s><s>And
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597 <lb></lb>if you cannot procure them of that burthen, take eight leſſer, pro­
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598 <lb></lb>vided that altogether they be quadruple in contence to the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hip to
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599
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600
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601 <pb xlink:href="075/01/018.jpg" pagenum="496"></pb>to be recovered: and divide theſe eight leſſer <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips or Barks into
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602 <lb></lb>two <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>quadrons, of four in a <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>quadron, according as you was di­
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603 <lb></lb>rected in the four Ships in the third direction. </s><s>And if you cannot pro­
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604 <lb></lb>cure <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips great or ſmal, take ſo many pair of other Veſſels, Fly boats
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605 <lb></lb>or Wherryes, that in all they may at leaſt contain four times the bur­
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606 <lb></lb>then of the Foundered <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hip: And reduce theſe Barks, Boats or
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607 <lb></lb>Wherryes into two Diviſions, as you are taught in the fourth Ex­
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608 <lb></lb>planation: and in all other particulars, proceed according to the
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609 <lb></lb>method preſcribed in the recovery of the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hip newly ſunk; and
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610 <lb></lb>that as well in deep, as ſhallow places; that is, placing in a deep
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611 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>ea upon the ſaid Ships, or <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>quadrons of Boats, at leaſt twelve or
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612 <lb></lb>ſixteen Capſtains, which it will be eaſie to do, for that you will have
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613 <lb></lb>a large ſpace upon thoſe <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips or ranks of Boats, as alſo there will
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614 <lb></lb>not want room to faſten their Pullies to thoſe Tires of Beams, which
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615 <lb></lb>combine the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips or ranks of Boats. </s><s>In all things elſe proceed
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616 <lb></lb>preciſely according as you have been directed in the ſecond, third,
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617 <lb></lb>fourth, fifth, ſixth and ſeventh Explanations.</s></p><p type="main">
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618 <s>This indeed muſt be granted, that incaſe the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hip long ſunk,
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619 <lb></lb>ſhould be in a <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>tony bottom, or where ſhe hath a great current, the
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620 <lb></lb>which current ſuffereth not any great bed or ſhelves of Mudd to
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621 <lb></lb>gather about the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hip, it may then eaſily be got clear of the bot­
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622 <lb></lb>tom, with the ſame Forces as were imploy&#039;d in that newly ſunk, to
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623 <lb></lb>recover it; and alſo may as eaſily be drawn to the Surface of the
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624 <lb></lb>water: But whether you can raiſe it with part of its Hull above
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625 <lb></lb>the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>uperficies of the water, is a thing much to be doubted;
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626 <lb></lb>yet if it ſhould prove ſo upon the Experiment, namely, that you
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627 <lb></lb>cannot elevate its Hull above the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>urface of the water, you may in
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628 <lb></lb>ſuch a caſe hall it at high water to ſhore, or to ſome place where it
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629 <lb></lb>may lie a ground, whereby at the retreat of the Tide, it will lye with
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630 <lb></lb>part of its Hull above water, ſo that you may commodiouſly clear
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631 <lb></lb>it of the imbibed water and Cargo.</s></p><p type="head">
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632
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633 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> IX.</s></p><p type="main">
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634 <s>And to the end that this invention may be of generall uſe
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635 <lb></lb>for the re covery or raiſing any kind of Colloſſus, that may
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636 <lb></lb>happen to be ſunk, to wit, of all <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>pecies of <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Bodies,
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637 <lb></lb>whether of <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>tone, Iron, Pewter, Braſs, Lead, <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>ilver or Gold (as you
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638 <lb></lb>may have many occaſions voluntarily to ſink them in time of war, to
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639 <lb></lb>preſerve them) and then that you may know how to get them up
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640 <lb></lb>again, you muſt obſerve this Rule: If the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid long time ſubmer­
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641 <lb></lb>ged were of Brick; ſo ſoon as it is imbreecht, you muſt take ſo ma­
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642 <lb></lb>ny couple of <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips, Barks, Hoyes or Wherryes, that the ſum of their
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643 <lb></lb>contents put together, may exceed the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>quare of the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Area
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644 <lb></lb>of the ſubmerged <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid: and if the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid ſo long ſunk were of Mar­
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645
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646
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647 <pb xlink:href="075/01/019.jpg" pagenum="497"></pb>ble, the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of all the <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacua<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of thoſe <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips or Veſſels ad­
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648 <lb></lb>ded together, muſt not be leſs than Septuple to the Solid Content
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649 <lb></lb>of the ſubmerged Body; namely, ſeven times as much. </s><s>And if
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650 <lb></lb>that long ſunk Solid chance to be of Iron; you muſt make the Solid
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651 <lb></lb>Content of all the <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacuum&#039;s<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of thoſe Veſſels to be no leſſe in the
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652 <lb></lb>Aggregate than 12 3/2 times as much as the Solid Content of that ſub­
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653 <lb></lb>merged Solid: and the like muſt be done, if the ſubmerged Solid
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654 <lb></lb>be of Pewter, for that Iron and Pewter differ not much in Gravity.
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655 <lb></lb></s><s>But and if the drowned <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid be of Copper, it is requiſite that the
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656 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of all the Veſſels Cavities in ſum, be no leſs than
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657 <lb></lb>thirteen times as much as the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid ſunk.
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658 <lb></lb></s><s>And if the ſubmerged <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid were of Lead, the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of all
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659 <lb></lb>the <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacua<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of thoſe <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips, wherewith you would recover it, ſhould
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660 <lb></lb>be no leſs than twenty times as much as the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid content of the
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661 <lb></lb>drowned <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid, and rather more than leſs; and almoſt the ſame
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662 <lb></lb>proportion ought to be obſerved, if the ſubmerged Solid were of fine
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663 <lb></lb>Silver, for that Lead and pure Silver differ not much in Gravity:
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664 <lb></lb>truth is, that Lead is ſomewhat more weighty than Silver, but not
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665 <lb></lb>much.</s></p><p type="main">
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666 <s>But if the Solid which was ſunk, ſhould chance to be of pure
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667 <lb></lb>Gold, you muſt for its recovery take ſo many couple of Barks or
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668 <lb></lb>Boats, that the Solid Content of their <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacua,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> taken in aggregate,
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669 <lb></lb>may be no leſs than 34 times as much as the Solid content of the
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670 <lb></lb>ſaid Golden Solid ſubmerged. </s><s>And that you may the better under­
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671 <lb></lb>ſtand me, I will put an Example, that you were to recover or raiſe
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672 <lb></lb>out of the water, a Solid Body reſembling a great Tower, which I
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673 <lb></lb>imagine to be in length an 100 Paces, and in breadth 10, and in
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674 <lb></lb>thickneſs alſo ten: and I ſuppoſe that it is all one <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid, that is to
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675 <lb></lb>ſay, not hollow within. </s><s>And firſt we put the caſe that this Tower
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676 <lb></lb>were made of Brick. </s><s>Now becauſe the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of this ſup­
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677 <lb></lb>poſed <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid would be 10000 cubical Paces: therefore in this caſe,
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678 <lb></lb>if you would recover this ſame Body, that is, not only looſen it from
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679 <lb></lb>the bottom of the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>ea, but alſo raiſe it a good height above water,
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680 <lb></lb>it will be requiſite, as is ſaid above, to take ſo many pair of Ships,
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681 <lb></lb>Barks, Boats, or other Veſſels, (as hath been ſhewn in the 5 and 6
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682 <lb></lb>Explanation) that the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of all the <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacua<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of them put
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683 <lb></lb>together, be not leſs than four times the ſaid ſum of 10000 cubick
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684 <lb></lb>Paces; that is, it muſt not be under 40000 cubicall Paces, as was
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685 <lb></lb>above determined. </s><s>And ſo ìf it happen that the ſaid ſubmerged So­
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686 <lb></lb>lid ſhould be all of Marble, the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Content of all the Vacuities
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687 <lb></lb>of the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hips, ought not to be leſs than 70000 cubicall Paces,
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688 <lb></lb>namely Septuple, as was before concluded. </s><s>And thus if the ſunk.
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689 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid were all of Iron or Pewter, the aggregate of all the <emph type="italics"></emph>S<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>olid Con­
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690 <lb></lb>tent of all thoſe <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacuums<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> put together, muſt be rather more than
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691
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692
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693 <pb xlink:href="075/01/020.jpg" pagenum="498"></pb>leſs then 126666 2/3 cubical Paces. </s><s>And in caſe the Solid were all of
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694 <lb></lb>Copper, the Solid Content of the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacua<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ought to be about
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695 <lb></lb>130000 cubick Paces. </s><s>And likewiſe if the Solid were all of Lead
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696 <lb></lb>or Silver, the Solid Content of all the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>Vacua<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> is to be no leſs than
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697 <lb></lb>200000 Paces cubical. </s><s>Laſtly, if ſuch ſubmerged Solid be pro­
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698 <lb></lb>pounded all of fine Gold, the ſum of thoſe Cavities ought to be no
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699 <lb></lb>leſs than 340000 cubick Paces.</s></p><p type="main">
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700 <s>The manner how to proceed in the recovery of thoſe ſeverall
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701 <lb></lb>kinds of Solids, is to be underſtood to be like to that which was
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702 <lb></lb>preſcribed in the recovery of the Ship: and that as well in deep, as
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703 <lb></lb>ſhallow waters. </s><s>And the greater number of Ships or Boats are re­
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704 <lb></lb>quired to opperate in the recovery of the ſaid ſubmerged Solid in a
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705 <lb></lb>deep Channell, ſo much the more room muſt yon take upon the
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706 <lb></lb>one and the other Squadron, for to be able to pitch ſuch a number
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707 <lb></lb>of Capſtens as ſhall be needfull, and more if occaſion be. </s><s>Yet you
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708 <lb></lb>muſt obſerve, that in the taking the water alternately from the one
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709 <lb></lb>and other Squadron, when you perceive the ſaid Solid to be diſ­
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710 <lb></lb>engaged from the bottom, you are to forbear taking out any more
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711 <lb></lb>from either of them; as was appointed touching the Ship, in the
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712 <lb></lb>ſeventh Explanation. </s><s>And make uſe of as many Pullies as you ſhall
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713 <lb></lb>ſee cauſe for, not only to lift it to, but alſo to draw it above the
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714 <lb></lb>waters Surface: and that if notwholly, yet for the greater part:
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715 <lb></lb>and when it is lifted as high as is poſible, then take the remaining
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716 <lb></lb>water by equall meaſures, out of the one and other Squadron, or
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717 <lb></lb>Rank of Ships; which being done, it ſhall be hoiſted ſo high out of
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718 <lb></lb>the water, that you may put under it as many Lighters or Flat-boats,
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719 <lb></lb>as ſhall be ſufficient to bear it up, and to carry it to any place, as
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720 <lb></lb>occaſion ſhall require.</s></p><p type="head">
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721
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722 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION X.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="main">
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723 <s>Albeit <emph type="italics"></emph>Vitruvius, Vegetius<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> and <emph type="italics"></emph>Valturius<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> do teach diverſe and ſun­
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724 <lb></lb>dry wayes to carry water up on high, many whereof may
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725 <lb></lb>ſtand us in much ſtead in this our Invention, for the commo­
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726 <lb></lb>dious filling and emptying all the ſeverall kinds of Veſſels ſpoken of
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727 <lb></lb>above; of which alſo, many are very well known and familiar to
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728 <lb></lb>every one; to wit, with Bur-pumps, Chain pumps, common-pumps,
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729 <lb></lb>and many others: yet nevertheleſs to fill the ſaid Ships or other
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730 <lb></lb>Veſſels with water, with great facility and dexterity; I judge this
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731 <lb></lb>more expedient than any of them; namely, to make a Hole in the
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732 <lb></lb>bottom of each of thoſe Ships or other Veſſels, of two or three inches
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733 <lb></lb>Diameter at leaſt, and for every Ship to appoint a Boome or long
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734 <lb></lb>tapered Pole like a Plugg or Tapp, ſo that being thruſt into the ſaid
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735 <lb></lb>Hole, it will ſtop it ſo cloſe, that unleſs you conſent thereto, no
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736
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737
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738 <pb xlink:href="075/01/021.jpg" pagenum="499"></pb>water can enter in thereat, and this Pole is to be ſomewhat longer
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739 <lb></lb>than to reach from the Keel to the upper deck of the ſaid Ship; and
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740 <lb></lb>near the other end, put another piece of a Pole croſs wayes; that
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741 <lb></lb>you may be able by means of that to rule it; namely, to pull it up,
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742 <lb></lb>when you would unſtop the Hole, to let in the water that ſhould
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743 <lb></lb>fill the Ship, and to thruſt it down when you would ſtop the Hole
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744 <lb></lb>that no more water may enter; and this ſame Pole ſhould paſs
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745 <lb></lb>through two Rings, fixed in the Hold of the Ship, which are to
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746 <lb></lb>keep the ſaid Pole directly over the Hole, that if you would ſtop it,
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747 <lb></lb>the Plugg or Spiggot may not go beſides the Hole, when you thruſt
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748 <lb></lb>the Pole downwards. </s><s>And that I may be the better underſtood, I
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749 <lb></lb>have here below drawn the ſame Pole, with its Tapp or Plugg at the
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750 <lb></lb>end. </s><s>And when you go about to recover any Ship, you muſt ſtop
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751 <lb></lb>the ſaid Holes, till ſuch time as the ſaid Ships are carried
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752 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.021.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/021/1.jpg"></figure>
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753 <lb></lb>and fitted upon the place, as is ſhewn above. </s><s>And
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754 <lb></lb>when you would fill them with water, it is but with­
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755 <lb></lb>drawing the ſaid Poles, and opening the Holes; and
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756 <lb></lb>faſten them at that ſtay, till you have a mind to ſtop
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757 <lb></lb>the Holes; and then look downwards, and obſerve
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758 <lb></lb>when the Ships are as full as they can ſwim, or when
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759 <lb></lb>they are full enough, which will be in a very ſhort
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760 <lb></lb>time: and then let down thoſe Poles, and ſtop the
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761 <lb></lb>Holes very cloſe. </s><s>And when they are as full as they
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762 <lb></lb>need, in the ebb of the Tide, combine the Ship with the Pullies, to
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763 <lb></lb>thoſe five or more Orders of Beams often mentioned: and then draw
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764 <lb></lb>out the water with Pumps by little and little, and one while out of
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765 <lb></lb>one, and another while out of the other Ship, as was appointed in
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766 <lb></lb>the ſecond Explication: and in all other particulars proceed, as was
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767 <lb></lb>alſo there directed But if the Gravity of thoſe Veſſels, cauſeth
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768 <lb></lb>them not to fill faſt enough, you muſt fill them at the top, that is
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769 <lb></lb>by baling in water by the Deck (I mean the ſaid Poles being firſt
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770 <lb></lb>thruſt down) to make the ſaid Veſſels to deſcend faſter, and to raiſe
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771 <lb></lb>the Matter ſubmerged with more Force; many other new wayes
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772 <lb></lb>might be ſhewn, as well to empty, as to fill theſe Veſſels; but for
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773 <lb></lb>the preſent this ſhall ſuffice.</s></p><p type="head">
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774
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775 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> XI.</s></p><p type="main">
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776 <s>If you would attempt to recover a Ship or other Veſſel by the
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777 <lb></lb>wayes here preſcribed: you muſt go about the ſame, when the
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778 <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1557"></arrow.to.target>
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779 <lb></lb>Moon is in the Auge of the Excentrick, for at that time the Sea
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780 <lb></lb>ebbeth and floweth more than at any other time in the Moneth;
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781 <lb></lb>and this happens in her Coujunction and Oppoſition, which is a
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782 <lb></lb>matter of great avail in theſe operations: and herewith we conclude
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783 <lb></lb>this our firſt Book.</s></p>
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784
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785
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786 <pb xlink:href="075/01/022.jpg" pagenum="500"></pb><p type="margin">
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787
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788 <s><margin.target id="marg1557"></margin.target><emph type="italics"></emph>i.e.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> At a ſpring,
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789 <lb></lb>tide, which is
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790 <lb></lb>greateſt the third
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791 <lb></lb>day after the fuil
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792 <lb></lb>and change.</s></p><p type="head">
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793
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794 <s>THE
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795 <lb></lb>Induſtrious or Troubleſome
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796 <lb></lb>INVENTION
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797 <lb></lb>OF
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798 <lb></lb>Nicholaus Tartalea:</s></p><p type="head">
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799
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800 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>BOOKE<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> II.</s></p><p type="main">
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801 <s>In which are taught, ſome artificial wayes of <emph type="italics"></emph>Diving<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>
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802 <lb></lb>and ſtaying long under Water: whereby one may
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803 <lb></lb>eaſily deſcend to the Bottom, to finde out, not on­
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804 <lb></lb>ly a Ship ſunke, but alſo, any other ſmall thing of
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805 <lb></lb>Value: And the place being darke, many wayes
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806 <lb></lb>are ſhewn how to enlighten it: And the thing
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807 <lb></lb>ſunk being found, ſeverall wayes and means are
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808 <lb></lb>preſcribed how to imbreach them, as well in a
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809 <lb></lb>Deepe, as Shallow Channel.</s></p><p type="head">
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810
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811 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> I.</s></p><p type="main">
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812 <s>Having underſtood, <emph type="italics"></emph>Moſt Serene Prince,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> from ſun­
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813 <lb></lb>dry Sea men, that there are many now adayes,
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814 <lb></lb>who without any particular Artifice or help, do
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815 <lb></lb>upon occaſion dive and continue a long time
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816 <lb></lb>under Water, and in places very deep; I had
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817 <lb></lb>thought to have added nothing touching the
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818 <lb></lb>way of Artificiall Diving, and ſtaying under
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819 <lb></lb>water, to ſeeke and finde out a Ship, Boare,
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820 <lb></lb>or other thing of Value ſubmerged, and that for two Reaſons. </s><s>Firſt,
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821 <lb></lb>Fearing that I ſhould be derided by thoſe kinde of men, it being to
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822 <lb></lb>them a ſuperfluous thing to go about to do thoſe things by Art,
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823 <lb></lb>which they know how to execute without any arrificiall help.
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824
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825
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826 <pb xlink:href="075/01/023.jpg" pagenum="501"></pb>Secondly, doubting, by reaſon of my ſmall experience in Maratine
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827 <lb></lb>Affairs, to incurre ſome Soleciſme: but there coming into my mind
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828 <lb></lb>an excellent expreſſion of a famous Philoſopher of this Renowned
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829 <lb></lb>City; who upon a time perſwading me to write ſomething that
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830 <lb></lb>was new, and I having anſwered (it being incident for humanly to
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831 <lb></lb>erre) that I was afraid leaſt my ſo great deſire to publiſh my fund y
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832 <lb></lb>new Conjectures, might run me into ſome fantaſtical conceits, that
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833 <lb></lb>might make me become the ſubject of vulgar diſcourſe, this excel­
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834 <lb></lb>lent perſon replied: That if Nature ſhould forbear her operations for
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835 <lb></lb>fear of producing ſometimes ſome monſtrous things, the worlds de­
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836 <lb></lb>ſtruction would enſue, for that they onely are free from erring who
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837 <lb></lb>do nothing, whoſe ſpeech hath emboldened me to ſpeak of a point,
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838 <lb></lb>which I never thought to have medled with; namely, To declare
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839 <lb></lb>ſome of my conjectural wayes of artificial diving, and continuing
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840 <lb></lb>under water, to ſeek out any thing that was ſunk in the ſame, though
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841 <lb></lb>in places very deep. </s><s>And I judge theſe the moſt expedient that can
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842 <lb></lb>be deviſed: and becauſe theſe and the like wayes may be varied
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843 <lb></lb>into ſeveral forms, and ſorts, one more ingenious, and artificial than
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844 <lb></lb>another; the prettieſt, and moſt ingenious is this, I would have you
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845 <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1558"></arrow.to.target>
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846 <lb></lb>get, made at <emph type="italics"></emph>Murano,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> a hollow Globe of Tranſparent Glaſſe, the di­
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847 <lb></lb>ameter of which I would have to be at leaſt two foot, with a round
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848 <lb></lb>mouth, that the Diameter of the ſaid mouth may be at leaſt one
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849 <lb></lb>foot, or wrather more; that is, ſo much as one may eaſily put his
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850 <lb></lb>head therein, and at pleaſure draw it forth; and next you muſt
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851 <lb></lb>make two round Boards of a Diameter ſomething bigger then that
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852 <lb></lb>of the ſaid Globe, and with theſe two round Boards, and four ſlen­
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853 <lb></lb>der pieces of Wood, as long as a man is high, and a little more, you
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854 <lb></lb>muſt make a little Modell for a man to ſtand betwixt theſe four pie­
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855 <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1559"></arrow.to.target>
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856 <lb></lb>ces of Wood; and with one of the round Boards above, and the o­
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857 <lb></lb>ther beneath; and theſe round Boards are to be very faſt nailed or
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858 <lb></lb>otherwiſe faſtened to the four pieces of the Frame, and in the top of
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859 <lb></lb>this Machine, you muſt fit and fix the ſaid Sphere of Glaſſe with the
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860 <lb></lb>mouth downwards, ſo, that if a man ſtand upright in the ſaid Frame,
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861 <lb></lb>he may hold his head in the ſaid glaſſe without ſtooping. </s><s>And this
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862 <lb></lb>being done, take neer upon as much Lead as all this Machine weighs,
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863 <lb></lb>and make it into a round figure, of the compaſſe of the round
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864 <lb></lb>Boards, and then faſten and nail it to the bottome of the ſaid Mo­
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865 <lb></lb>dell, namely, underneath the lowermoſt Board on which your feet
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866 <lb></lb>ſtand when you put it into the Water: And then, (or before)
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867 <lb></lb>make an hole as big as a Shilling in the Centre of this Lead and
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868 <lb></lb>Board, paſſing through them both; and this ſame Lead will be able
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869 <lb></lb>to draw almoſt all the Machine together with him that ſhall be
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870 <lb></lb>therein under Water. </s><s>Truth is, that the Experiment requireth that
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871 <lb></lb>the ſaid Lead be ſo limitted that it may be able to draw the Ma­
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872
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873
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874 <pb xlink:href="075/01/024.jpg" pagenum="502"></pb>chine and perſon in it under Water, but ſo, that the ſupreme or up
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875 <lb></lb>per part of the ſame, that is the uppermoſt round Board, may ſtay at
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876 <lb></lb>the Superficies of the Water; that is, if the Lead chance to be ſo
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877 <lb></lb>ponderous, that it cauſe the Engine to ſink leiſurely to the bottome,
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878 <lb></lb>you muſt take away ſome of the ſaid Lead; and on the contrary,
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879 <lb></lb>if it chance that the Lead be not able to draw it all in that manner
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880 <lb></lb>under Water, ſo as to make the ſaid upper round Board to lye and
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881 <lb></lb>ſtay exactly level with the Surface of the Water, but that a part of it
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882 <lb></lb>reſts viſible above the Water, you muſt encreaſe the ſaid Lead ſo,
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883 <lb></lb>that the upper Board may lye and abide preciſely, as was ſaid be­
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884 <lb></lb>fore, in the Surface of the Water: and when you have thus adju­
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885 <lb></lb>ſted the ſaid Lead, I would have you take a Ball or Bullet of Lead
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886 <lb></lb>weighing two or three pounds, (that is to ſay of ſuch a weight, that
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887 <lb></lb>it may be ſufficient to make the Machine and perſon diving to de­
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888 <lb></lb>ſcend to the bottome as oft as it is interpoſed, or added,) with an
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889 <lb></lb>Iron Ring in the ſaid Ball, to which bend or faſten a Rope as long as
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890 <lb></lb>the ſaid Water is deep, in which the Diver is to deſcend, and ſome­
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891 <lb></lb>what more; and reeve or paſſe the other end of the ſaid
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892 <lb></lb>Cord through the hole
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893 <lb></lb>made in the Board and
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894 <lb></lb>Lead through the bot­
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895 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.024.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/024/1.jpg"></figure>
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896 <lb></lb>tom of the Model; and
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897 <lb></lb>faſten that ſame end
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898 <lb></lb>of the Cord in a place
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899 <lb></lb>of the Machine, ſo, that
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900 <lb></lb>the Diver may take it,
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901 <lb></lb>and draw it, or ſlack
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902 <lb></lb>it as he pleaſeth: and
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903 <lb></lb>this being done, the
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904 <lb></lb>ſaid Machine will be
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905 <lb></lb>finiſhed. </s><s>And that you
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906 <lb></lb>may better under­
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907 <lb></lb>ſtand it, I have here in­
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908 <lb></lb>ſerted it graphically:
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909 <lb></lb>yet I ſhould have told
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910 <lb></lb>you, that for many rea­
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911 <lb></lb>ons you ſhould in the beginning have faſtened a Ring in the Cen­
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912 <lb></lb>tre of the upper Board, on the outſide, to tye a Cord to the ſame as
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913 <lb></lb>occaſion ſerveth.</s></p>
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914
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915
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916 <pb xlink:href="075/01/025.jpg" pagenum="503"></pb><p type="margin">
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917
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918 <s><margin.target id="marg1558"></margin.target>A Place near to
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919 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Venice,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> where the
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920 <lb></lb>famous Glahes
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921 <lb></lb>are made.</s></p><p type="margin">
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922
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923 <s><margin.target id="marg1559"></margin.target>Like the Frame
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924 <lb></lb>of an Houre­
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925 <lb></lb>glaſſe.</s></p><p type="head">
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926
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927 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> II.</s></p><p type="main">
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928 <s>Having underſtood the manner how to make this ſame En­
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929 <lb></lb>gine, it remains to ſhew how it is to be uſed; And for your
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930 <lb></lb>direction therein, I ſay, That he that would dive or go under
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931 <lb></lb>Water to ſeek any thing that was ſunk, ſhould carry the ſaid Ma­
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932 <lb></lb>chine to the place where he reſolves to deſcend, and firſt to let that
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933 <lb></lb>Ball of Lead with the Line go to the bottome, and then to put in
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934 <lb></lb>the Machine it ſelf, which by means of its heavy bottome of Lead
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935 <lb></lb>will reſt upright in the Water, with almoſt all the Globe of Glaſſe
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936 <lb></lb>above Water, in ſuch ſort, that he that would may eaſily enter into
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937 <lb></lb>the ſame: yet you muſt be dexterous in going into it, that you do
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938 <lb></lb>not much ſway the Machine ſidewayes, for that, if it lye too oblique
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939 <lb></lb>the Water will enter into the Globe of Glaſſe, and drive the Aire
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940 <lb></lb>thence that was in the ſame, or at leaſt in part, but holding it up­
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941 <lb></lb>right when you enter the ſame, the Water ſhall keep in the Aire on
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942 <lb></lb>all ſides, whereby the water will be kept from entring. </s><s>And therefore
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943 <lb></lb>if he that ſhall enter into the ſaid Machine, do nimbly thruſt his head
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944 <lb></lb>into the ſaid Globe by the hole thereof, he ſhall finde it quite fil­
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945 <lb></lb>led with Ayre; in which place he may breath for verry many Re­
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946 <lb></lb>ſpirations, without the leaſt obſtruction from the Water: And be­
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947 <lb></lb>cauſe this Machine will ſtay with its upper end level with the Wa­
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948 <lb></lb>ters ſurface (the affixed Lead having been ſo limited) therefore
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949 <lb></lb>deſiring to deſcend to the bottom, the Diver ſhould hale the Ball
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950 <lb></lb>and Line upwards, which was ſent before to the Bottom, in haling
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951 <lb></lb>of which the ſaid Machine will deſcend as much under Water as he
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952 <lb></lb>hales the Corde; and if he continue haling it, till there be none of
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953 <lb></lb>it left, he ſhall deſcend to the Bottome; and in the deſcent, and after
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954 <lb></lb>that he ſhall be got to the bottom, he muſt look round about him
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955 <lb></lb>through that tranſparent Globe for to finde out the thing he ſeeks,
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956 <lb></lb>and ſeeing it, he may many wayes with caſe transferre himſelf
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957 <lb></lb>thither without riſing again to the top; And when he would re­
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958 <lb></lb>turn upwards to the toppe of the Water, he needs do no more but
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959 <lb></lb>ſlacken that corde faſtned to the Ball of Lead, for thereupon the
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960 <lb></lb>Machine ſhall begin to riſe upwards, and letting the ſaid Corde goe,
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961 <lb></lb>it ſhall not ſtay till the Machines upper parte arrive at the ſurface of
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962 <lb></lb>the Water; and being aſcended thither, the Diver may come out
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963 <lb></lb>thereof, and ſwim to the top, and provide himſelf afterwards of
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964 <lb></lb>ſuch things as are neceſſary for embreching the ſaid Ship or other
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965 <lb></lb>matter ſunke: And in caſe the Diver cannot ſwim, it will be neceſſa­
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966 <lb></lb>ry to faſten a Corde to the Ring placed in the Centre of the upper
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967 <lb></lb>Board, and thereby to draw the Modell above the Surface of the
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968
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969
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970 <pb xlink:href="075/01/026.jpg" pagenum="504"></pb>Water; but knowing how to ſwim, he may enter, aſcend, and
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971 <lb></lb>deſcend of himſelf, without any help.</s></p><p type="head">
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972
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973 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> III.</s></p><p type="main">
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974 <s>But if you chance to be in a place where you cannot procure
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975 <lb></lb>the ſaid Globe to be made of Glaſſe, it may be made of Wood;
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976 <lb></lb>but then you muſt make therein great Sights, or Eyeholes of
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977 <lb></lb>clear Glaſſe of each ſide to look four ſeverall wayes; and pay it
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978 <lb></lb>without, and alſo within if you ſee cauſe with Pitch. </s><s>And if you
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979 <lb></lb>cannot get ſuch a Ball of Wood, you may make ſhift with a little
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980 <lb></lb>Cubicall Cheſt or Boxe, like one of thoſe Cheſts wherein they plant
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981 <lb></lb>Ceaders, which muſt be well joyned graved and pitch&#039;t, with four
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982 <lb></lb>ſuch Sights of Glaſſe as before, namely one upon every lateral flat
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983 <lb></lb>or plain, ſo placed, that the Diver may ſee through them every way,
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984 <lb></lb>and be able to look downwards, it would be good to make the
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985 <lb></lb>Box ſomewhat narrower towards the mouth, that ſo the four late­
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986 <lb></lb>rall Planes may look ſomewhat ſloping: and in the entrance, de­
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987 <lb></lb>ſcent, aſcent, and coming forth, you are to uſe the ſame Rules as be­
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988 <lb></lb>fore; aud if you have a deſire to deſcend faſter, you muſt make the
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989 <lb></lb>Ball of Lead ſomewhat heavier, that was tyed to the end of the
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990 <lb></lb>Corde, and this done the Machine ſhall deſcend faſter to the bottom
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991 <lb></lb>upon halling the ſaid Corde and Ball; and when you vere or let
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992 <lb></lb>looſe the Cord, the Engine will re-aſcend but according to its former
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993 <lb></lb>ſpeed: But if you would alſo make it ſwifter in its aſcent you are
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994 <lb></lb>to proceed quite contrary, that is, you muſt ſomewhat diminiſh the
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995 <lb></lb>Lead, which is under the Baſe of the fiame; and the more you di­
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996 <lb></lb>miniſh the ſaid Lead, the ſwifter ſhall it be in aſcending. </s><s>But you
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997 <lb></lb>muſt remember withall to encreaſe the Ball of Lead, ſo that it may
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998 <lb></lb>be able to draw the ſaid Machine to the bottome ſpeedily or leiſure­
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999 <lb></lb>ly according as occaſion requires.</s></p><p type="head">
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1000
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1001 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> IV.</s></p><p type="main">
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1002 <s>But if there be any likelihood of any obnoxious Fiſh in the place
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1003 <lb></lb>where the Diver is to deſcend, that may hurt him, being quite na­
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1004 <lb></lb>ked; though that in the former kind of Machine with four pillars you
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1005 <lb></lb>may ſe u e him with a wire Grate, made in the manner of doors to the
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1006 <lb></lb>ſame, yet to the end that you may know that this Invention may be
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1007 <lb></lb>varied ſundry ways; you may in this caſe have a Globe of tranſparent
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1008 <lb></lb>glaſs made at <emph type="italics"></emph>Murano,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of ſuch a bigneſs, that a man ſtanding on his feet,
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1009 <lb></lb>or elſe ſitting, may be contain&#039;d therein, having amouth or round hole
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1010 <lb></lb>of capacity ſufficient for a man, commodiouſly to enter and goe out
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1011 <lb></lb>thereby, and ſomewhat larger: &amp; then coffin or encloſe the ſaid Globe
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1012
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1013
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1014 <pb xlink:href="075/01/027.jpg" pagenum="505"></pb>between two round Boards of ſomewhat a greater Diameter than
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1015 <lb></lb>the Globe, with four pillars, as in the enſuing figure doth graphically
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1016 <lb></lb>appear. </s><s>But in the round Board which is put over the hole or mouth
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1017 <lb></lb>of the ſaid Globe, you muſt alſo make a round hole ſomewhat nar­
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1018 <lb></lb>rower than that of the Globe, but yet big enough for a man to paſſe
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1019 <lb></lb>in and out thereat. </s><s>Afterwards under this round Board ſo bored,
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1020 <lb></lb>you muſt place and fix another round bored piece of Lead of ſuch
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1021 <lb></lb>thickneſſe, as that it may be able to draw the ſaid Ball or Globe of
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1022 <lb></lb>Glaſſe, together with the Diver in ſuch manner under Water, that
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1023 <lb></lb>the upper round Board do reſt in the Surface of the Water, namely,
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1024 <lb></lb>that it may not be ſo heavy as to ſink the Globe and Diver to the
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1025 <lb></lb>bottome, but only to retain it beneath the Surface of the Water,
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1026 <lb></lb>which by tryal may be eaſily proportioned, namely, by adding or
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1027 <lb></lb>taking away Lead from the Baſe, according as occaſion ſhall require.
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1028 <lb></lb></s><s>Next you are to frame a ſeat for the Diver to ſit commodiouſly in
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1029 <lb></lb>the ſaid Ball or Globe, and next faſten a Ball of Lead to the end of
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1030 <lb></lb>a Rope, as many fathom long as the water is deep into which you
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1031 <lb></lb>would deſcend, and ſomewhat more, as was ſaid in the preceding
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1032 <lb></lb>Explanation. </s><s>And that Ball of Lead ſhould be of ſuch bigneſſe, that
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1033 <lb></lb>applied to the ſaid Model, it may be ſufficient to make it deſcend to
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1034 <lb></lb>the bottome leiſurely, or ſwiftly, as he ſeeth cauſe who is to dive.
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1035 <lb></lb></s><s>And make an handle or peg in the ſaid Globe whereat to faſten or
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1036 <lb></lb>belay the other end of
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1037 <lb></lb>the ſaid Rope, and to
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1038 <lb></lb>draw it eaſily upwards,
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1039 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.027.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/027/1.jpg"></figure>
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1040 <lb></lb>or let it looſe at the
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1041 <lb></lb>pleaſure of him that is
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1042 <lb></lb>within, and this may be
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1043 <lb></lb>eaſily done by joyning
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1044 <lb></lb>and faſtening four
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1045 <lb></lb>pieces of wood upright
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1046 <lb></lb>in the mouth or hole of
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1047 <lb></lb>that bored Board and
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1048 <lb></lb>Lead, which ſhall be
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1049 <lb></lb>about the mouth of the
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1050 <lb></lb>ſaid Globe; and that
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1051 <lb></lb>I may be the better
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1052 <lb></lb>underſtood, I will give
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1053 <lb></lb>it you in figure with the
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1054 <lb></lb>Diver ſitting therein.
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1055 <lb></lb></s><s>If you would deſcend to the bottome of ſome deep water by help
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1056 <lb></lb>of this Machine, you are to proceed according to the directions gi­
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1057 <lb></lb>ven in the precedent Explanation.</s></p>
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1058
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1059
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1060 <pb xlink:href="075/01/028.jpg" pagenum="506"></pb><p type="head">
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1061
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1062 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> V.</s></p><p type="main">
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1063 <s>In caſe you ſhould be in a place where you could not have ſuch
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1064 <lb></lb>a Globe made of Glaſſe, you may procure one of Copper or
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1065 <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1560"></arrow.to.target>
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1066 <lb></lb>Lead, round in faſhion of a greater ^{*} Churne, wide in the bot­
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1067 <lb></lb>tome and narrow in the mouth, and at leaſt five foot high, and four
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1068 <lb></lb>foot broad. </s><s>It may indeed be made quadrangular, that is, ſo that
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1069 <lb></lb>the mouth be at leaſt three foot ſquare every way, and the bottome
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1070 <lb></lb>at leaſt four foot every ſide, and not under five foot high, and this
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1071 <lb></lb>ſame veſſel, making it of Lead, muſt be ſo contrived, or proportio­
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1072 <lb></lb>ned, that the corporeal or ſolid <emph type="italics"></emph>Area,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> or Content of its interiour va­
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1073 <lb></lb>cuity, or ſpace, be about <gap></gap>oruple to the ſolid <emph type="italics"></emph>Area<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of the Lead,
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1074 <lb></lb>which is imployed in making the ſaid Veſſel; that is, make the Lead
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1075 <lb></lb>of ſuch a thickneſſe, that the Veſſels vacuity may be nine tenths of
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1076 <lb></lb>the ſolid Area of all the whole Frame, which may be eaſily done by
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1077 <lb></lb>any one that is not ignorant of practical Geometry: and this Veſſel
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1078 <lb></lb>being made, you ſhould place or ſet therein four great Fye holes or
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1079 <lb></lb>Sights of tranſparent or criſtaline Glaſſe, ſo placed as to ſee any way
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1080 <lb></lb>as you ſhall need or deſire: and furthermore, in the framing of this
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1081 <lb></lb>ſame Veſſel, you muſt make ſome proviſion for the ſetling or ſtay­
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1082 <lb></lb>ing your feet, and to ſit down, and likewiſe you muſt make a
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1083 <lb></lb>Pulley to hall the Ball of Lead up, or let it down, which is faſtened
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1084 <lb></lb>to the end of the long cord, as was ſaid in the two precedent caſes.
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1085 <lb></lb></s><s>And moreover, in the making of this Veſſel, you are to faſten four
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1086 <lb></lb>Rings of Iron to the bottome without, namely, to the four Angles,
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1087 <lb></lb>it being Quadrangular; (and being round, let them divide the Cir­
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1088 <lb></lb>cumference into four equal parts) and betwixt theſe four Rings,
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1089 <lb></lb>you muſt place a ſquare or round Deal Board. </s><s>And this Veſſel thus
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1090 <lb></lb>modellized ſhall be ſo contrived, that putting it into the water with
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1091 <lb></lb>the mouth downwards, with him in it who is to Dive, it ſhall but juſt
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1092 <lb></lb>ſtay in the Surface of the water with that bottome of wood; but if
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1093 <lb></lb>it chance that it ſhall not ſtay at the Surface of the water by helpof
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1094 <lb></lb>that bottome of Board, but that it will deſcend, you muſt upon that
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1095 <lb></lb>bottome faſten another, or two, or more ſquare or round Boards to
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1096 <lb></lb>the four Rings, in ſuch wiſe, that by means of the ſaid Boaids it may
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1097 <lb></lb>be reduced to ſuch a quality, that it may reſt with the ſaid round
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1098 <lb></lb>Boards in the Surface of the water, and deſcend no farther. </s><s>Having
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1099 <lb></lb>with judgement and experience provided all theſe things, and the
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1100 <lb></lb>Diver being deſirous to deſcend of himſelf, and likewiſe to return
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1101 <lb></lb>to the top when he pleaſeth, this may be performed with that Ball
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1102 <lb></lb>of Lead tied to the end of that long Rope, as hath been ſaid in the
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1103 <lb></lb>precedent Explanations, that is, to ſend the Ball firſt to the bottom in
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1104 <lb></lb>he place where the Diver would deſcend, and then to enter into the
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1105
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1106
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1107 <pb xlink:href="075/01/029.jpg" pagenum="507"></pb>Machine, and to ſettle himſelf therein; and then to pull the Ball
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1108 <lb></lb>upwards, which ſhould be of that Gravity, that it may be apt to
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1109 <lb></lb>make ſuch a Veſſel or Machine deſcend together with the Diver; and
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1110 <lb></lb>if the Machine chance to be juſtly contrived, as hath been ſaid a­
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1111 <lb></lb>bove, I hold that a Ball of ſive or ſix pounds may be ſufficient to
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1112 <lb></lb>make it deſcend nimbly upon the pulling of the Cord, and lifting
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1113 <lb></lb>the Ball from the bottome, and continuing to draw the ſaid Cord,
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1114 <lb></lb>as long as there is any remaining, he ſhall arrive at the bottome; and
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1115 <lb></lb>whenever he would return upwards, he need but only vere or ſlack­
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1116 <lb></lb>en that Cord, and letting it all go he will not ceaſe aſcending till the
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1117 <lb></lb>Machine attains with its top (covered with thoſe ſquare or round
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1118 <lb></lb>Boards) unto the Surface of the Water, as hath been ſaid of the o­
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1119 <lb></lb>thers. </s><s>I will not ſtand to ſhew you the many particularities which
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1120 <lb></lb>might be inſerted for the tranſporting your ſelves from one place to
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1121 <lb></lb>another, keeping at the bottome, that is, without returning to the
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1122 <lb></lb>top, for that they are almoſt infinite, but it ſhall ſuffice to let you
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1123 <lb></lb>know, that he may eaſily do it, carrying with him a long Hitcher, or
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1124 <lb></lb>a Boom, or a Spike with a Hook at the end.</s></p><p type="margin">
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1125
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1126 <s><margin.target id="marg1560"></margin.target>* <emph type="italics"></emph>Brenta,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> a Veſſel
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1127 <lb></lb>in which they
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1128 <lb></lb>in Italy carry
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1129 <lb></lb>Grapes to the
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1130 <lb></lb>Preſs.</s></p><p type="main">
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1131 <s>Many other particulars there might be inſiſted on, and eſpecially
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1132 <lb></lb>how many may ſimply (that is, without any of the forsaid Ma­
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1133 <lb></lb>chines) go to the bottome, and ſtay for many hours under Water,
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1134 <lb></lb>which, beſides the many profitable concluſions that might from
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1135 <lb></lb>thence be inferred for Diving in indifferent depths, being accompa­
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1136 <lb></lb>nied with the helps preſcribed in the foregoing Explanations, they
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1137 <lb></lb>would be much to the purpoſe, for that the Liver being once condu­
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1138 <lb></lb>cted with the Machine near unto the thing ſunk, he might come out
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1139 <lb></lb>of the ſaid Machine, and go and ſtay for a long time about the ſame,
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1140 <lb></lb>to faſten, or prepare thoſe things that are neceſſary for the raiſing
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1141 <lb></lb>it: And farthermore, there is ſomething to be ſaid, when the thing
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1142 <lb></lb>ſunk is in a muddy or dark Water, how the Diver may in ſundry
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1143 <lb></lb>wayes, kindle there a great and flaming light, which flaming fire,
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1144 <lb></lb>beſides that it would make him diſcern the thing ſunk, it would alſo
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1145 <lb></lb>ſecure him in his going forth of the Machine from any devouring
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1146 <lb></lb>Fiſhes, for that all ſuch as ſhould chance to be near that place would
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1147 <lb></lb>be affrighted at ſuch an unuſual ſpectacle, and would make far
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1148 <lb></lb>from it. </s><s>I might alſo ſhew many wayes to embreech and grapple a
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1149 <lb></lb>Ship when it is found, as well in deep as ſhallow Channels, which
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1150 <lb></lb>particulars I ſhall reſerve for another time.</s></p><p type="main">
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1151 <s>I will not ſtand to ſhew how this kind of Diving Machine might
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1152 <lb></lb>be made of Boards, and that in ſundry faſhions, well calked and
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1153 <lb></lb>pitcht, with four Lights or Sights, faſtening about the mouth of the
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1154 <lb></lb>ſame as much Lead as ſhould be neceſſary, oraſinuch as by what
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1155 <lb></lb>hath been ſpoken in the third Explanation, it is ſufficiently manifeſt. </s></p>
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1156
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1157
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1158 <pb xlink:href="075/01/030.jpg" pagenum="508"></pb><p type="head">
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1159
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1160 <s>A
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1161 <lb></lb>SUPPLEMENT
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1162 <lb></lb>OF THE
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1163 <lb></lb>Induſtrious or Troubleſome
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1164 <lb></lb>INVENTION
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1165 <lb></lb>OF
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1166 <lb></lb>Nicholaus Tartalea:</s></p><p type="main">
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1167 <s>In which is ſhewn a general and ſafe way to im­
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1168 <lb></lb>breech Cables, and hitch Grappling irons to any
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1169 <lb></lb>Ship that&#039;s ſunk, aſwell in a deep as ſhallow Bot­
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1170 <lb></lb>tome, provided you know the exact place where
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1171 <lb></lb>the ſaid Ship is. </s><s>Together with another new way
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1172 <lb></lb>of raiſing or recovering the ſame.</s></p><p type="main">
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1173 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>Whereunto is, laſt of all, added ſome new ways to conduct a Light, or
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1174 <lb></lb>Flaming Matter, unto the Bottome of the Water, to enlighten, upon oc­
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1175 <lb></lb>caſion, any dark Bottome, for the diſcovery, not onely, of a Ship or Bark,
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1176 <lb></lb>but alſo any ſmall thing of value that is ſunk, and that in the night as
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1177 <lb></lb>well as in the day.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="head">
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1178
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1179 <s>To the Moſt
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1180 <lb></lb>Illuſtrious and moſt Serene</s></p><p type="head">
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1181
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1182 <s>PRINCE
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1183 <lb></lb>Franceſco Donato,
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1184 <lb></lb>Duke of
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1185 <lb></lb>VENICE.</s></p><p type="main">
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1186 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>Having not long ſince, Most Serene, and Moſt
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1187 <lb></lb>Illuſtrious Prince, publiſhed under the Glorious
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1188 <lb></lb>Name of your Highneſſe, ſundry and diverſe
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1189 <lb></lb>way storaiſe a Ship ſunk, with its Cargo in it (when once<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>
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1190
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1191
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1192 <pb xlink:href="075/01/031.jpg" pagenum="509"></pb><emph type="italics"></emph>it is Grappled) I muſt confeſſe I was not then ſollicitous to
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1193 <lb></lb>find a way to imbreach or grapple the ſaid Ship (though
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1194 <lb></lb>it is neceſſary to be known) and the cauſe thereof was, for
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1195 <lb></lb>that I concluded that amongſt Mariners there were a
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1196 <lb></lb>thouſand means to effect it, and I was loath to enquire af­
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1197 <lb></lb>ter ſuch things as are commonly known to many, although
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1198 <lb></lb>I be ignorant of them; but delight to ſearch into thoſe
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1199 <lb></lb>things which none elſe can do. </s><s>Now, having been ſince
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1200 <lb></lb>told and aſſured by many, that Mariners, and all other
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1201 <lb></lb>perſons of ingenuity find far greater difficulty in imbrea­
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1202 <lb></lb>ching and Grappling ſuch a Ship, than they do, (when
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1203 <lb></lb>once they have hold of it) to raiſe the ſame: I underſtan­
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1204 <lb></lb>ding the ſame, preſently deliberated upon ſome way that
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1205 <lb></lb>ſhould be general and ſecure, and to adde it in the end of
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1206 <lb></lb>my Treatiſe, that ſo it might not, for want thereof, be vain
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1207 <lb></lb>and uſeleſs. </s><s>And thus; of many that I have found, that
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1208 <lb></lb>which to me hath ſeemed moſt univerſal and eaſy to be
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1209 <lb></lb>explained by writing; I have here ſubjoined, together
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1210 <lb></lb>with another new way to recover the ſaid Ship: and the
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1211 <lb></lb>manner how to illuminate the bottome of a dark Water,
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1212 <lb></lb>but still under the Illustrious Name of your Serene
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1213 <lb></lb>Highneſſe, at whoſe feet I once more humbly throw my
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1214 <lb></lb>ſelf<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p><p type="main">
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1215 <s>NICOLO TARTAGLIA.</s></p>
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1216
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1217
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1218 <pb xlink:href="075/01/032.jpg" pagenum="510"></pb><p type="head">
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1219
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1220 <s>A Supplement.</s></p><p type="head">
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1221
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1222 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> I.</s></p><p type="main">
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1223 <s>To hitch therefore, and ſling, or grapple faſt a laden Ship
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1224 <lb></lb>that is ſunk, being in a ſhowle bottome, as was that broken
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1225 <lb></lb>up near to <emph type="italics"></emph>Malamoccho,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> you are to take a very ſtrong
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1226 <lb></lb>Sheat-anchor Cable, of ſuch a length as is ſufficient for
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1227 <lb></lb>the Uſes hereafter to be underſtood, and at one end of
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1228 <lb></lb>ſuch a Cable you are to ſeiz or faſten very well a thick and ſtrong Iron
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1229 <lb></lb>Ring, big enough for the other end of the Cable to paſſe through with
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1230 <lb></lb>eaſe, and make thereof a running Parbunckle: and then, near to this
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1231 <lb></lb>Ring (that is under this Cable at the place where it ſhall be bent to
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1232 <lb></lb>the Ring) you muſt ſeiz or faſten one of the Flooks of a thick and
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1233 <lb></lb>ſtrong Anchor, and about three fathoms ſpace from that firſt An­
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1234 <lb></lb>chor hitch the Flook of another ſecond Anchor into the ſaid Cable,
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1235 <lb></lb>ſeizing or faſtening it that it ſtir not: and about two fathoms di­
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1236 <lb></lb>ſtance from this ſecond Anchor, ſeiz, as before the Flook of a third
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1237 <lb></lb>Anchor, and ſo two fathom from that a fourth Anchor; and ſo pro­
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1238 <lb></lb>ceed, placing in that manner as many Anchors as ſuffice to go round
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1239 <lb></lb>the Hull of the ſaid Ship under its Wails, and rather leſſe than more,
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1240 <lb></lb>to the end the laſt Anchor may be no hinderance to the running of
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1241 <lb></lb>the Parbunckle at the Ring at ſuch time as it is to be rouſed or vered,
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1242 <lb></lb>that is, to be drawn or let ſlip. </s><s>The truth is, that in the part of the
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1243 <lb></lb>Cable marked E, in the Figure following, and in the oppoſite
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1244 <lb></lb>part marked G (which parts you are to place ſo that they may fall
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1245 <lb></lb>one at the Stem, the other at the Stern) no Anchor is to be placed,
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1246 <lb></lb>but you muſt leave at leaſt three fathom interval betwixt thoſe An­
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1247 <lb></lb>chors at G, as was required to be done betwixt the firſt and ſecond
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1248 <lb></lb>at E. </s><s>And then form the ſaid Running Parbunckle, that is, reeve the
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1249 <lb></lb>other end of the Cable through the Ring of Iron; and, that being
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1250 <lb></lb>made, you are to place many perſons upon Flat-bottome Boats fa­
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1251 <lb></lb>ſtened in an Oval Figure round the place where the Ship lyeth: and
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1252 <lb></lb>then vere or ſlacken the Parbunckle, but in an Oval Form, to that
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1253 <lb></lb>wideneſſe, that it may at four or five foot diſtance, inviron the foun­
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1254 <lb></lb>dered Ship: and this done, you muſt let all the Anchors, together
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1255 <lb></lb>with this Girdle or Parbunckle, (being kept at that wideneſſe) gent­
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1256 <lb></lb>ly and equally fall to the bottome of the Sea, keeping the Ship in
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1257 <lb></lb>the midſt of the Ovall: and when you perceive all the Anchors de­
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1258 <lb></lb>ſcended to the bottome, you muſt vere there ſeveral Cables, that
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1259 <lb></lb>they may ſink deep into the ſand or Ouze; and then after this you
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1260
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1261
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1262 <pb xlink:href="075/01/033.jpg" pagenum="511"></pb>muſt draw, and bring them by degrees cloſe underneath the Hull of
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1263 <lb></lb>the Veſſel, and then hall or ſtrain hard the end of the Sheat Anchor
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1264 <lb></lb>Cable which was reeved through the Ring; and begirt the Hull
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1265 <lb></lb>of the Ship therewith, as with a Girdle (and to ſtrain it very taught, it
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1266 <lb></lb>would not be amiſſe to make uſe of a Capſtan) and when this
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1267 <lb></lb>Girdle is drawn to its due exactneſſe, to the end it may not ſlip (in
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1268 <lb></lb>the elevation of the Ship) faſten to that part which you hold above
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1269 <lb></lb>Water another Ring of Iron, and paſſe through this Ring one of
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1270 <lb></lb>the Anchor-Cables that is on the ſame ſide as the firſt Ring is on,
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1271 <lb></lb>and almoſt as far from the ſaid Ring, as the ſecond Ring is diſtant
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1272 <lb></lb>from the firſt; whereupon making this ſecond Ring to ſlip along
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1273 <lb></lb>the ſaid Anchor Cable, and then in the Elevation halling the ſame,
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1274 <lb></lb>it ſhall make the ſaid Girdle taught under the ſaid Ship: and that I
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1275 <lb></lb>may be the better underſtood, I have here underneath repreſented
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1276 <lb></lb>the ſaid Girdle pul&#039;d together in an Oval Figure as it is to lye under
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1277 <lb></lb>the Rake of the Ships Hull with fourteen Flooks of fourteen An­
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1278 <lb></lb>chors under the ſame (except in the part inked E, and in its oppo­
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1279 <lb></lb>ſite part G,) well ſeaſ­
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1280 <lb></lb>ed; of which Girdle, or
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1281 <lb></lb>Parbunckle, the firſt
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1282 <lb></lb><figure id="id.075.01.033.1.jpg" xlink:href="075/01/033/1.jpg"></figure>
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1283 <lb></lb>Ring ſhall be A,
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1284 <lb></lb>through which the
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1285 <lb></lb>Sheat-Anchor Cable
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1286 <lb></lb>paſſeth, namely, the
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1287 <lb></lb>Cable A B, to which
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1288 <lb></lb>Cable was faſtened a
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1289 <lb></lb>ſecond Ring in the
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1290 <lb></lb>point B, through which
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1291 <lb></lb>ſecond Ring, (to the
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1292 <lb></lb>end the Girdle might
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1293 <lb></lb>not ſlio) we will reeve
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1294 <lb></lb>the Cable of the An­
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1295 <lb></lb>chor C; which Anchor
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1296 <lb></lb>C we ſuppoſe to be
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1297 <lb></lb>ſomewhat farther from
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1298 <lb></lb>the Ring A, than the ſecond Ring B is from the firſt Ring A, and
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1299 <lb></lb>then make the ſaid Ring B to ſlip along the Cable of the ſaid <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchot
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1300 <lb></lb>C, till it come to the point C. <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nd thus the Ship ſhall be ſecurely
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1301 <lb></lb>and ſtrongly grappled and begirt. <emph type="italics"></emph>W<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>hich done, proceeding as we
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1302 <lb></lb>directed in the firſt Book of our <emph type="italics"></emph>Indnſtrious Invention,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> you will exe­
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1303 <lb></lb>cute your purpoſe; That is, when the two or more coupled Ships
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1304 <lb></lb>ſhall be full of water, at the ebbing of the Tide you are to faſten
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1305 <lb></lb>and belay to thoſe Tires of Beams that couple the ſaid Ships, all
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1306 <lb></lb>thoſe fourteen Cables, taking a little more care in tying, and belay­
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1307
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1308
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1309 <pb xlink:href="075/01/034.jpg" pagenum="512"></pb>ing that of the Anchor C, which will keep the Girdle from ſlipping
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1310 <lb></lb>in the Elevation.</s></p><p type="main">
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1311 <s>But if you doubt that that ſingle Cable, to which the Anchors
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1312 <lb></lb>are faſtened, is not ſufficient for ſo great a weight, you may above
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1313 <lb></lb>that, place another with a Ring alſo, through which (as before) the
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1314 <lb></lb>end of it may paſſe, by that means begirting the Ship with two of
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1315 <lb></lb>thoſe Girdles, and obſerving the ſame Rules you may take three or
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1316 <lb></lb>four of thoſe ſlipping ſheat-anchor Cables, each with its Ring
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1317 <lb></lb>wherein to run in the manner of a Nooſe. <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nd when the ſaid new
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1318 <lb></lb>Girdle is pulled ſtrait and cloſe to the Ship, faſten to the ſaid Cable,
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1319 <lb></lb>(or to each of them if you uſe more) another ſecond Ring, to gird
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1320 <lb></lb>and hold the ſaid Nooſe faſt, that it ſlip not with the Cable of the
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1321 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchor C, or with more of thoſe <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchor-Cables if there be occa­
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1322 <lb></lb>ſion.</s></p><p type="main">
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1323 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nd in caſe that thoſe fourteen Cables be thought inſufficient
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1324 <lb></lb>to bear ſo great a burden, you may take twenty or thirty of them, or
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1325 <lb></lb>as many as you pleaſe, tying them cloſer to one the other, under
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1326 <lb></lb>the running Cable, and make half of them to be placed on one ſide,
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1327 <lb></lb>and the other half on the other ſide of the ſaid Ship.</s></p><p type="main">
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1328 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nd if again it be doubted that the ſingle Cable of the <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchor
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1329 <lb></lb>C s not able to hold the Nooſe faſt, you may take two or three of
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1330 <lb></lb>them, for you may judge what the ſtreſs of that anchor is by means of
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1331 <lb></lb>the height of the water. </s><s>Truth is, this office might be diſtributed
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1332 <lb></lb>amongſt more <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchors, by adding a third Ring to the main Cable,
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1333 <lb></lb>as far from the ſecond, as the <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchor D is diſtant from the <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchor
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1334 <lb></lb>C, ſo that the Cable of the <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nchor D, paſſing through that third
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1335 <lb></lb>Ring, and ſlipping the ſaid Ring along till it come to D, it will fol­
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1336 <lb></lb>low that thoſe two Cables of thoſe two Anchors C and D, will keep
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1337 <lb></lb>the Parbunckle ſtraight; aud in this manner you may proceed by ad­
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1338 <lb></lb>ding new Rings, and imploying more Anchor-Cables, for the great­
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1339 <lb></lb>er ſecurity.</s></p><p type="head">
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1340
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1341 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> II.</s></p><p type="main">
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1342 <s>The ſame method may alſo be obſerved when the Ship is in a
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1343 <lb></lb>deep place, provided that the depth exceed not the length of the
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1344 <lb></lb>Hull of the Ship, becauſe then there may be alwaies found ſome one
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1345 <lb></lb>or more Cables ſufficient to reeve through the ſecond and follow­
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1346 <lb></lb>ing Rings of the Main Cable to ſecure the Nooſe from ſlipping, or
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1347 <lb></lb>growing ſlack, as in the preceding declaration hath been ſaid. </s><s>But if
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1348 <lb></lb>it chance that the depth of the place be far greater than the length
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1349 <lb></lb>of the Ship, you can no longer ſecure the Nooſe with that ſecond
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1350 <lb></lb>Ring, but muſt find out ſome other way, and though there might be
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1351 <lb></lb>many found out, I ſhall inſtance but in this one.</s></p>
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1352
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1353
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1354 <pb xlink:href="075/01/035.jpg" pagenum="513"></pb><p type="main">
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1355
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1356 <s>After you have ſtrained, drawn the ſaid Girdle as taught as you
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1357 <lb></lb>can, you may take the Cable thereof, and the Cable of the anchor
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1358 <lb></lb>next adjoyning on the ſame ſide that the firſt Ring is on (namely,
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1359 <lb></lb>the Cable marked F,) and twiſt and wind them together, and then
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1360 <lb></lb>reeve the ſingle Cable of the Girdle <emph type="italics"></emph>A B,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> through the Ring of a
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1361 <lb></lb>Sheat-anchor, (without its Cable) and let the anchor ſlide down­
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1362 <lb></lb>wards along the ſaid Main Cable, which by reaſon of its weight will
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1363 <lb></lb>run almoſt cloſe to the Ring <emph type="italics"></emph>A,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> of the Main Cable, preſſing the twiſt
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1364 <lb></lb>of the two Cables cloſe at <emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>; and this done, once more twine or
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1365 <lb></lb>twiſt a little the two former Cables, namely the Sheat anchor-cable
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1366 <lb></lb>B, and the leſſer Cable F, and then ſeaſe thoſe two Cables ſeverally
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1367 <lb></lb>to the Orders of Beams, that is, one to one Order, and the other to
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1368 <lb></lb>another at ſome diſtance from the former, to the end they drive
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1369 <lb></lb>down the twiſting near to the Ring of the anchor: which twiſting
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1370 <lb></lb>will keep the Nooſe from ſlipping or opening in elevating the Ship.
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1371 <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>A<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nd if there be any occaſion to uſe a Capſtain (as was ſaid in the
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1372 <lb></lb>ſeventh Explanation of the firſt Book) you muſt always take care
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1373 <lb></lb>to ſtrain theſe two Cables equally, and much aſunder, which doing,
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1374 <lb></lb>the Girdle ſhall be kept ſtrait. </s><s>Many other ways might be ſhewen
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1375 <lb></lb>for to keep the ſaid Grand Cable from ſlipping, but eſteeming them
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1376 <lb></lb>ſuperfluous, I omit them.</s></p><p type="head">
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1377
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1378 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> III.</s></p><p type="main">
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1379 <s>He that is deſirous to recover a foundered Ship laden with
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1380 <lb></lb>Fraight, by other ways than thoſe preſcribed in the firſt Book,
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1381 <lb></lb>namely, without ſtanding to fill thoſe two or more Ships, or other
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1382 <lb></lb>Veſſels with water, and then to empty them, may only by force of
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1383 <lb></lb>Capſtains or Cranes eaſily effect the ſame in the manner following,
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1384 <lb></lb>(ſtill making uſe of the Parbunckle and flooks of anchors explained
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1385 <lb></lb>in the firſt Explanation of this) namely: By taking from their an­
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1386 <lb></lb>chors Rings all their Cables, except that which is to make faſt the
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1387 <lb></lb>Main-Cable Nooſe that begirts the Ship, and in their places make
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1388 <lb></lb>faſt to each Ring a ſtrong Pulley or Block, in ſuch ſort, that all the
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1389 <lb></lb>ſaid Pulleys or Blocks have equal number of Shivers, or wheels, and
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1390 <lb></lb>thoſe as many as you can make them: and through theſe Shivers or
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1391 <lb></lb>wheels reeve their proper and convenient Cables or Ropes, incatena­
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1392 <lb></lb>ting each Pulley with its ſuperiour; and this done, make two ſqua­
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1393 <lb></lb>drons of Barks, or Lighters, or Flat-boats, according to the method
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1394 <lb></lb>laid down in the fourth Explanation of the firſt Book, collated and
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1395 <lb></lb>bound together with thoſe Tires of thick and ſtrong Beams tripled,
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1396 <lb></lb>and with a great and ſpacious platform of thick Planks upon each
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1397 <lb></lb>ſquadron, and upon thoſe two ſpacious platforms place as many
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1398 <lb></lb>Capſters or Ship-cranes as you ſhall judge neceſſary for ſuch a
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1399
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1400
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1401 <pb xlink:href="075/01/036.jpg" pagenum="514"></pb>weight, and rather much more, then ever ſo little leſs, and then let
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1402 <lb></lb>fall the ſaid Anchors leiſurely, with the Girdle opened in an Oval
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1403 <lb></lb>Figure, untill they come to the bottome of the Sea, ſo that the Girdle
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1404 <lb></lb>do encircle or ſurround the foundered Ship. </s><s>And having once be­
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1405 <lb></lb>girt it carefully, approximate all the Anchors with the Girdle to the
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1406 <lb></lb>Hull of the Ship, and then ſharpen or make taught the Girdle-cable
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1407 <lb></lb>by halling it hard and ſtreight to the Ships hull, and when it is
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1408 <lb></lb>drawn cloſe, belay it that it may not ſlacken, with that ſingle An­
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1409 <lb></lb>chor-cable, or more, according to that ſecure way ſpoken of but
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1410 <lb></lb>now, or by ſome other than ſhall ſeem more expedient, (for many
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1411 <lb></lb>more, if one think thereon may be found:) and this being done,
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1412 <lb></lb>ſeek to looſen the Ship by degrees from its bed of Ouze, a little on
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1413 <lb></lb>one ſide, and a little on the other with the aforeſaid Capſters, and,
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1414 <lb></lb>being once water born, then draw it upwards equally on both ſides,
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1415 <lb></lb>and proceed in this manner till ſuch time as you have hoiſted it ſuf­
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1416 <lb></lb>ficiently above the Waters ſurface, and then pump out the Water,
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1417 <lb></lb>and unlade its Cargo.</s></p><p type="head">
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1418
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1419 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> IV.</s></p><p type="main">
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1420 <s>Having in the ſecond Book ſhewn ſeveral ways of Diving under
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1421 <lb></lb>Water in ſearch of things ſunk, in this place I have thought
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1422 <lb></lb>fit to add, in caſe that ſome little thing of value ſhould fall
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1423 <lb></lb>into a Water in ſome ſhady place, and where its bottome is obſcure
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1424 <lb></lb>and dark, a way how to conveigh a Light thither that may give light
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1425 <lb></lb>enough for the diſcerning of that little thing, provided that it be not
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1426 <lb></lb>buried in, or covered with the old Ouze. </s><s>Now to perform this, and
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1427 <lb></lb>that with expedition, we may in ſmall depths take one of thoſe braſs
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1428 <lb></lb>Buckets or Pails, which are uſed in carrying and keeping of Water
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1429 <lb></lb>for houſehold uſes: and thoſe of them that are ſhaped long and
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1430 <lb></lb>deep, with feet ſhall be better then thoſe that are made round and
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1431 <lb></lb>ſhallow, without feet; and the bigger and higher it is, ſo much the
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1432 <lb></lb>better it ſhall be. </s><s>And having made choice of ſuch a Bucket, you
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1433 <lb></lb>are to faſten to the Ears of it two ſmall Ropes of about two yardes
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1434 <lb></lb>apiece, in ſuch a faſhion, as that they may one croſs the other at the
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1435 <lb></lb>mouth of the Bucket, making upon it a perfect croſs, and that the
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1436 <lb></lb>Knot of the Ropes may be in the midſt of the Buckets bottom with­
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1437 <lb></lb>out, making of the ropes a Hoop over the bottome whereat to faſten
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1438 <lb></lb>another Rope of greater length; ſo that the Bucket being held by
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1439 <lb></lb>that laſt Rope may come to hang with its mouth perpendicularly
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1440 <lb></lb>downwards. </s><s>And this done, faſten as much Lead to the two Eares of
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1441 <lb></lb>the Bucket as may juſt make it ſink to the Bottome, and then ſet
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1442 <lb></lb>and faſten a little Wax candle lighted in the interſection that thoſe
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1443 <lb></lb>two Ropes make over the mouth of the Bucket, that is, in the centre
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1444
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1445
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1446 <pb xlink:href="075/01/037.jpg" pagenum="515"></pb>of that perfect croſs; ſo that the candle with its light may be with­
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1447 <lb></lb>in, and near the bottome of the ſaid Bucket. </s><s>This being done, let
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1448 <lb></lb>down the Bucket, with the candle in it gently unto the bottome,
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1449 <lb></lb>which doing, you ſhall ſee the burning candle clearly enlighten the
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1450 <lb></lb>bottome of the Water. </s><s>And this Bucket you may remove from
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1451 <lb></lb>place to place, without drawing it upwards. </s><s>The truth is, that this
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1452 <lb></lb>candle will not long continue burning, but will ſerve for a little
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1453 <lb></lb>while, and when it ſhall go out of it ſelf, it may be drawn up, re­
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1454 <lb></lb>lighted, and let down, as occaſion requires: but the greater that the
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1455 <lb></lb>Bucket, and the leſſer that the candle ſhall be, ſo much the longer
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1456 <lb></lb>time ſhall it keep its light under Water: and therefore if the ſaid
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1457 <lb></lb>bottome were very deep, it would be requiſite to perform that eſſect
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1458 <lb></lb>with ſo much a greater Veſſel, as a great Caldron, but yet of Brals,
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1459 <lb></lb>or by that means the candle ſhall continue longer lighted.</s></p><p type="head">
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1460
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1461 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>EXPLANATION<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> V.</s></p><p type="main">
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1462 <s>But in caſe that a Ship or Bark were foundered in ſome ſpacious
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1463 <lb></lb>and profound Gulph, and that the exact place where it ſunk
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1464 <lb></lb>were unknown, and that the bottome of the ſaid ſpacious Gulph
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1465 <lb></lb>were very obſcure, it is manifeſt that ſo little a light as that ſpoke
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1466 <lb></lb>of in the precedent Explanation would hardly ſerve. </s><s>And therefore
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1467 <lb></lb>if you would convey thither one much bigger, you may do it ſeve­
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1468 <lb></lb>rall wayes, of which one is this. </s><s>Take nine ounces of refined Salt­
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1469 <lb></lb>peter, ſix ounces (Greek weight) of Brimſtone that is clear and
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1470 <lb></lb>tranſparent, three ounces of Camphire refined, and one ounce of
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1471 <lb></lb>Maſtick; and beat all theſe things ſeverally, not very ſmall; and
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1472 <lb></lb>when you have beaten them, mix them all together in an Earthen
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1473 <lb></lb>Pan; and when they are well mingled, put thereto three pounds of
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1474 <lb></lb>common Gunpowder, and then remingle them very well together;
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1475 <lb></lb>and afterwards put therein four ounces of oyl of Stone, and mix all
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1476 <lb></lb>very well; and this done, take a Cartredge thereof, and give fire to
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1477 <lb></lb>it; and if it burn too ſlowly, put a little more Gunpowder to it,
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1478 <lb></lb>but if it burn too vehemently and ſuddenly, add thereto more oyl.
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1479 <lb></lb></s><s>Put this Compoſition, after this, into a little Bag of double Canvis,
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1480 <lb></lb>of ſuch a wideneſſe, that when all the mixture is out, therein it may
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1481 <lb></lb>be as broad, as high, and cram the Compoſition hard down into the
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1482 <lb></lb>Bag; and then with very good Pack thread ſew up the mouth of the
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1483 <lb></lb>Sack, cutting away the ſuperfluous Canvas. </s><s>Then winde a good
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1484 <lb></lb>hempen cord round about it very hard every way, reducing it to the
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1485 <lb></lb>form of a round Ball, and after it is very well bound and ſwathed a­
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1486 <lb></lb>bout many ſeverall times, you muſt melt Brimſtone into a great Veſ­
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1487 <lb></lb>ſel, and when it is melted, roll the ſaid Ball therein ſo, as that it may
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1488 <lb></lb>be covered all over with a cruſt of Brimſtone. </s><s>And this being done
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1489
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1490
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1491 <pb xlink:href="075/01/038.jpg" pagenum="516"></pb>affix a piece of Lead unto the Ball by an iron Wire, and make it ve­
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1492 <lb></lb>ry faſt, and frame in the top of the Ball a Bow or Nooſe with the
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1493 <lb></lb>ſaid Wire, and to that faſten a long Rope, and then in the oppoſite
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1494 <lb></lb>place where the Lead is fixed, make an hole with an iron rod into
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1495 <lb></lb>the middle of the Ball, and ſtop that hole with a little fine Gunpow­
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1496 <lb></lb>der, holding it ſuſpended by the Rope: and when you would have
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1497 <lb></lb>that Light deſcend into the bottome of the Sea or Gulph, goe to the
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1498 <lb></lb>place, and give fire to the little hole, and when it is inkindled, let
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1499 <lb></lb>down the Ball and Lead, lengthwayes, almoſt to the bottome, where
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1500 <lb></lb>he ſhall be that would find the thing ſunk, and you ſhall find that
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1501 <lb></lb>the ſaid fire will illuminate very much round about the ſaid bottom,
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1502 <lb></lb>and ſhall laſt a long time, and more or leſs, according to the hole
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1503 <lb></lb>made in the Ball. &#039;Tis to be noted, that the Ball is to be held over
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1504 <lb></lb>the head of him that diveth, for that the ſmoke proceeding from it
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1505 <lb></lb>will much obſcure the Waters above it, ſo as that it will give Light
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1506 <lb></lb>only downwards; and this fire will be a dreadful ſight unto the Fiſh,
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1507 <lb></lb>ſo that they will fly from ſo new a ſpectacle.</s></p><p type="head">
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1508
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1509 <s><emph type="italics"></emph>The END of the firſt part
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1510 <lb></lb>of the Second TOME.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s></p> </chap> </body> <back></back> </text></archimedes>