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| author | Klaus Thoden <kthoden@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de> |
|---|---|
| date | Thu, 02 May 2013 11:08:12 +0200 |
| parents | 22d6a63640c6 |
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<?xml version="1.0"?> <archimedes xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" > <info> <author>Cardano, Girolamo</author> <title>De subtilitate</title> <date>1663</date> <place>Lyon</place> <translator></translator> <lang>la</lang> <cvs_file>carda_subti_016_la_1663.xml</cvs_file> <cvs_version></cvs_version> <locator>016.xml</locator> </info> <text> <front> <section> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000001">Title page and dedication missing<pb xlink:href="016/01/001.jpg"></pb>Title page and dedication missing<pb xlink:href="016/01/002.jpg"></pb>Title page and dedication missing<pb xlink:href="016/01/003.jpg"></pb>Title page and dedication missing<pb xlink:href="016/01/004.jpg"></pb>Title page and dedication missing</s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/005.jpg"></pb> </section> </front> <body> <chap> <pb pagenum="357" xlink:href="016/01/006.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.016.01.006.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/006/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000002"><emph type="center"></emph>DE SVBTILITATE.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000003"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER PRIMVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000004"><emph type="center"></emph>DE PRINCIPIIS, MATERIA, FORMA, VACVO,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000005"><emph type="center"></emph>corporum repugnantia, motu Naturali, & Loco.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000006">PROPOSITVM noſtri ne<arrow.to.target n="marg1"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gotij in hoc Opere eſt, de <lb></lb>Subtilitate tractare. </s> <s id="s.000007">Eſt au<lb></lb>tem ſubtilitas ratio quædam, <lb></lb>qua ſenſibilia à ſenſibus, in<lb></lb>telligibilia ab intellectu, dif<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg2"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ficilè compræhenduntur. </s> <s id="s.000008">Ergo ſi ſingula, quę <lb></lb>ſubtilitate conſtant, magnum etiam per ſe <lb></lb>exhibent negotium, ſuntque difficillima, <lb></lb>quid rogo de ea tractatione dicendum erit, <lb></lb>in qua omnis ſubtilitatis ratio explicanda <lb></lb>eſt? </s> <s id="s.000009">Idque ſolùm apertum & facilè videri <lb></lb>poteſt, quod in vnaquaque diſciplina eſt <lb></lb>obſcuriſſimum. </s> <s id="s.000010">Maiuſque nobis negotium <lb></lb>ſupereſt in ipſius rei tractatione, quàm in <lb></lb>ipſa re. </s> <s id="s.000011">Cum enim ſcribentes in quatuor <lb></lb>laborent generibus, rerum obſcuritate, in<lb></lb>certorum dubitatione, cauſarum inuentio<lb></lb>ne, rectaque earum explicatione, omnia <lb></lb>hæc hoc in libro cumulatiùs habentur. </s> <s id="s.000012">Si <lb></lb>obſcuritas difficultatem parit, hic liber ſo<lb></lb>lùm obſcuriſſima ſeligit. </s> <s id="s.000013">Si certò ſcire ſem<lb></lb>per laborioſum fuit: quid hoc argumento <lb></lb>laborioſius? </s> <s id="s.000014">vbi habeam quos fugiam, vt <lb></lb>Plinium & Albertum, quibus nulla in hoc <lb></lb>genere, quòd palàm mentiantur, fides ha<lb></lb>betur, quos ſequar non habeam. </s> <s id="s.000015">Et tamen <lb></lb>ſi non omnia mihi ad vnguem fuerint ex<lb></lb>plorata, operam ( vt dici ſolet ) & oleum <lb></lb>perdam. </s> <s id="s.000016">Quid de cauſis dicam? </s> <s id="s.000017">quos omni<lb></lb>bus intactas, velut tamen ex Oraculo quo<lb></lb>dam acceptas, depromere oportet. </s> <s id="s.000018">At Ora<lb></lb>culis fides abſque demonſtratione habeba<lb></lb>tur: nobis, ſi eam non addiderimus, nulla <lb></lb>dabitur. </s> <s id="s.000019">Intentata prorſus tot ſeculis vel res <lb></lb>ipſas ſcientibus Philoſophis, quæ nunc à <lb></lb>me vno ſunt explicanda. </s> <s id="s.000020">Quædam etiam <lb></lb>cùm deſierint, aut nuper ſint inuenta, nomi<lb></lb>nibus aut carent, aut nomina rebus ipſis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000021">Porrò nomina inuenire nouis rebus, & ſe<lb></lb>neſcente lingua difficillimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000022">Et ſi inue<lb></lb>nero, vt calumniam non ſubeam eorum, <lb></lb>qui nuper de his ſcripſerunt, iudicium ad<lb></lb>iicere cogor. </s> <s id="s.000023">In reliquo, ne Oedipus ipſe <lb></lb>Lectori ſatisfaciat. </s> <s id="s.000024">Itaque cùm rem ad<lb></lb>modum laborioſam aggreſſi ſimus, non ta<lb></lb>men pro laboris magnitudine, operi ipſi <lb></lb>præmij vice vtilitatis & gloriæ tantundem <lb></lb>accedet. </s> <s id="s.000025">Erant & quædam præter hæc ab <lb></lb>antiquis non rectè tractata. </s> <s id="s.000026">Sed in his non <lb></lb>laboro, cùm nulla ſit authoritas aduerſus ex<lb></lb>perimenta ſcribentibus. </s> <s id="s.000027">Ergo tot & tanta <lb></lb>ſunt difficultatis argumenta in hac tracta<lb></lb>tione. </s> <s id="s.000028">Sed vt ad rem ipſam reuertar, quan<lb></lb>quam obſcura tenuia ſint plerunque, & exi<lb></lb>lia ſubtilia, non tamen omnia neque ſem<lb></lb>per. </s> <s id="s.000029">Quæ enim verborum vitio potiùs quàm <lb></lb>arte vlla obſcura ſunt atque implicata, ve<lb></lb>lut nodi fortuitò in ſeipſos redeuntes, tum <lb></lb>quæ ſenſu tenuia videntur, haud tamen den<lb></lb>ſa, hæc ſubtilitatis nomen non merentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000030">Talia ſunt gracilia hominum crura ab ini<lb></lb>tio praua nutritione, aliove caſu oblæſa. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000031"><margin.target id="marg1"></margin.target>Subtilitatis <lb></lb>definitio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000032"><margin.target id="marg2"></margin.target>Difficultas <lb></lb>in opere <lb></lb>ſcribendo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000033">Conſtat ergo ſubtilitas in tribus ſubſtan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg3"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tiis, accidentibus, ac repræſentationibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000034">Eorum enim quorum eſt ſcientia aliqua, <lb></lb>quædam ſunt, quædam autem non, ſed ſo<lb></lb>lùm eſſe videntur. </s> <s id="s.000035">Quæ videntur, alia qui<lb></lb>dem nobis dormientibus, alia autem vigi<lb></lb>lantibus alia per interiores ſenſus, alia verò <lb></lb>per externos. </s> <s id="s.000036">Externi ſenſus, quorum eſt <lb></lb>ratio habenda, quatuor ſunt: tactus, viſus, <lb></lb>olfactus, auditus. </s> <s id="s.000037">Nam guſtus quaſi con<lb></lb>temnendus eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.000038">Horum ſingulis <lb></lb>quadrifariam repræſentatio contingit: vel <lb></lb>quia non percipiunt quæ percipere debent, <lb></lb>velut cùm caro acu citra dolorem perfora<lb></lb>tur: vel quia percipiunt, quod non eſt, vt <lb></lb>ecſtaſi ac ſomniis: vel aliter quàm ſint, vt <lb></lb>magnitudines aut colores: aut non ſimili <lb></lb>ratione, vt in imagine. </s> <s id="s.000039">Videntur rurſus ſub <lb></lb>hoc genere plura eſſe, ſed non ſunt. </s> <s id="s.000040">Nam <lb></lb>oratio, auditus: pictura, ſculptura, viſus, ſpe<lb></lb>cies imaginantis virtutis: ſcriptura autem <lb></lb>viſu & auditu conſtare videtur: vtraque au<lb></lb>tem, tam ſcriptura quàm oratio, auxilio in<lb></lb>terioris ſenſus conſtant. </s> <s id="s.000041">Quæ autem ſunt, <lb></lb>alia quidem ſubſtantiæ, alia accidentia. </s> <s id="s.000042">Sub<lb></lb>ſtantiarum aliæ quidem corporeæ, aliæ cor<lb></lb>pore carent: atque hæ omnes immortales <lb></lb>atque incorruptibiles: carent enim contra<lb></lb>rio, & in ſeipſis ſubſiſtunt. </s> <s id="s.000043">Quæ igitur incor<lb></lb>poreæ, aliæ quidem à nullis pendent, ſed <lb></lb>aliorum ſunt cauſæ, aliæ ab aliis. </s> <s id="s.000044">Quæ à <lb></lb>nullis pendeat, vna tantùm eſt, Deus opti<lb></lb>mus atque immenſus, cuius fabrica eſt <lb></lb>vniuerſum ipſum. </s> <s id="s.000045">De illius intellectu, ſa<lb></lb>pientia ac poteſtate bonitatéque, inde de <lb></lb>vniuerſi ortu, extremo loco tanquam de <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg4"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>perfectiſſimo dicendum erit. </s> <s id="s.000046">Ad de vniuerſi <lb></lb>ordine etiam ibidem erit conſiderandum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000047">Nam vniuerſum ordine conſtat: ipſum verò <lb></lb>in tempore, aut in illo tempus. </s> <s id="s.000048">Septem igi<lb></lb>tur hæc vltimo in libro tractanda erunt. <pb pagenum="358" xlink:href="016/01/007.jpg"></pb>Quæ autem pendent ab aliis, & corpore ca<lb></lb>rent, alia aliorum ſunt cauſæ, alia nullius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000049">Et quæ aliorum ſunt cauſæ, vt perpetuò <lb></lb>cauſæ ſint corporibus etiam immortalibus <lb></lb>annectuntur, vocantúrque ſubſtantiæ pri<lb></lb>mæ. </s> <s id="s.000050">Quatuor igitur in his ſpectanda erunt, <lb></lb>vt intelligunt, vt producunt, vt manent <lb></lb>(in æuo enim eſſe videntur<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt mouent, at<lb></lb>que corpori aſſiſtunt. </s> <s id="s.000051">Plurima verò in hoc <lb></lb>genere & in vltima tractatione ad libros de <lb></lb>æternitatis arcanis reiecta ſunt, quòd cùm <lb></lb>omnia hæc ſupra humanam mentem ſint <lb></lb>clariora, & quæ apertiùs demonſtrari pote<lb></lb>rant, tùm generalia, tantùm huic negotio <lb></lb>pertinebant. </s> <s id="s.000052">Quæ verò immortalia & in<lb></lb>corporea nullius erant cauſa: mortali cor<lb></lb>pori annexa fuêre. </s> <s id="s.000053">Alia igitur horum ma<lb></lb>nifeſta, alia de quibus eſt dubitatio. </s> <s id="s.000054">Atque <lb></lb>illa ſi ſint præclara magis, dæmonas quidam <lb></lb>vocant, de quibus ante intelligentias tra<lb></lb>ctabimus. </s> <s id="s.000055">Tum verò ante illud de xxiv. ge<lb></lb>neribus repræſentationum dictis, ob rei affi<lb></lb>nitatem: plerique enim mirabilia ſunt, ad <lb></lb>hos veluti cauſas referunt. </s> <s id="s.000056">Verùm cùm an <lb></lb>ſint, nondum liqueat naturam ſpectantibus, <lb></lb>de his tantùm, velut de probabilibus loque<lb></lb>mur, initium ab effectibus, ſolúmque id <lb></lb>cum dubitatione ſumentes. </s> <s id="s.000057">At de intelle<lb></lb>ctus immortalitate, illiúſque ſeparatione, <lb></lb>aliàs dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000058">Reliquum eſt igitur, vt de <lb></lb>propriis illius affectus loquamur. </s> <s id="s.000059">Sunt au<lb></lb>tem artes, de quibus ante illa tractabimus, <lb></lb>tùm de rebus, quæ artibus ipſis conſtant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000060">Ante artes, de ſcientiis atque intellectu di<lb></lb>cendum erit. </s> <s id="s.000061">Nam de Prudentia, in libris <lb></lb>de Sapientia diſputauimus. </s> <s id="s.000062">At priùs de Ani<lb></lb>ma & Intellectu dicendum erit, quoniam <lb></lb>non eſt ſcientia, neque principiorum cogni<lb></lb>tio abſque illis. </s> <s id="s.000063">Atque poſt hæc de leuioris <lb></lb>cuiuſdam generis ſubtilitatibus ſeu inutili<lb></lb>bus, quæ nec ad artem, quòd non confe<lb></lb>rant: nec ad ſcientiam, quòd non demon<lb></lb>ſtrentur, referri queunt. </s> <s id="s.000064">Rurſus, vt anima <lb></lb>corpori mortali annectitur, ſenſus fiunt: <lb></lb>atque inde cùm ſenſus non ſint, niſi etiam <lb></lb>ſenſibilia, tum verò ſenſu ſenſibilia perci<lb></lb>piente voluptas ſit, antea de his tribus di<lb></lb>cendum erit, ſcilicet de ſenſu, ſenſibilibus, <lb></lb>ac voluptate. </s> <s id="s.000065">Colores tamen ad luminis tra<lb></lb>ctationem ob commodum reiicimus. </s> <s id="s.000066">Cor<lb></lb>porearum verò ſubſtantiarum aliæ quidem <lb></lb>immortales, vt cœlum: aliæ corruptioni <lb></lb>obnoxiæ. </s> <s id="s.000067">Horum etiam quædam ſimplices, <lb></lb>aliæ mixtæ. </s> <s id="s.000068">Atque omnium horum ſunt <lb></lb>principia quædam, velut locus & motus, <lb></lb>& corporum repugnantia, & certa menſu<lb></lb>ra ſubſtantiæ: neque enim diſſolui poteſt <lb></lb>corpus in incorporea, neque vacuum admit<lb></lb>titur. </s> <s id="s.000069">Tum etiam forma eſt principium, at<lb></lb>que communis cum aliis tam generabilibus, <lb></lb>quàm ingenerabilibus corporibus. </s> <s id="s.000070">Igitur de <lb></lb>omnibus his quinque, tum de materia, pri<lb></lb>mo loco, atque in primo libro tractandum <lb></lb>erit. </s> <s id="s.000071">Poſt hæc de quatuor elementis <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> tot <lb></lb>enim exiſtimantur <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> inde de cœlo, pòſt de <lb></lb>luce, lumine atque coloribus. </s> <s id="s.000072">Inde ad com<lb></lb>poſita corpora deſcendendum. </s> <s id="s.000073">Horum quæ<lb></lb>dam perfecta, quædam imperfecta, de qui<lb></lb>bus primò dicendum erit. </s> <s id="s.000074">Conſtant hæc mi<lb></lb>ſtione. </s> <s id="s.000075">De miſtione igitur quinto loco di<lb></lb>cendum erit. </s> <s id="s.000076">Perfectorum autem corporum <lb></lb>& quæ viuunt, quædam vitam in ſeipſis <lb></lb>habent, atque horum alia aqueæ ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ, quæ Metalla vocantur: quædam ter<lb></lb>reæ, quæ Lapides dicuntur: Cùm verò hæc <lb></lb>generatione & corruptione, & mutatione <lb></lb>qualitatum fiant, imprimis de metallis: de <lb></lb>mutatione qualitatum, quam barbari vo<lb></lb>cant Altercationem, dicendum erit: pòſt <lb></lb>de Lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.000077">Eorum autem quæ vitam <lb></lb>aliundè trahunt, quædam motu carent, vt <lb></lb>arbores, & herbæ, de quibus octauo loco <lb></lb>dicendum eſt: pòſt de his quæ motu prædi<lb></lb>ta ſunt, non tamen ſemine generantur. </s> <s id="s.000078">At <lb></lb>de generatione tali dicendum erit: ſicut in <lb></lb>decimo de Generatione, quæ ſemine in ani<lb></lb>malibus fit. </s> <s id="s.000079">Atque hæc animalia intellectu <lb></lb>carent. </s> <s id="s.000080">De corpore verò, quod ſummam <lb></lb>perfectionem conſecutum eſt, <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> illud autem <lb></lb>eſt homo ) cur factum ſit, & de illius for<lb></lb>ma atque actionibus dicendum erit. </s> <s id="s.000081">Duode<lb></lb>cimus verò ea tractat de illo, quæ ad cor<lb></lb>pus pertinent, atque hæc quatuor ſunt ge<lb></lb>nerum: quædam enim aliis ſunt communia <lb></lb>animalibus, quædam propria: quædam ſunt <lb></lb>actiones ex ſubſtantiæ propria quadam na<lb></lb>tura, quædam verò quæ ad illius manife<lb></lb>ſtam ſtructuram referuntur. </s> <s id="s.000082">Iam verò & <lb></lb>quædam ſunt accidentia, de quibus dicen<lb></lb>dum eſt, velut grauitas, leuitas: hæc au<lb></lb>tem in elementis, denſitas, raritas, aſpe<lb></lb>ritas, lenitas, durities, mollities: atque <lb></lb>hæc in miſtis, communiáque, velut genitis <lb></lb>nitor, perſpicuitas, figuráque genitis ſo<lb></lb>lùm. </s> <s id="s.000083">Quædam verò de aliis tantùm dicun<lb></lb>tur, vt generatio, corruptio, nutritio, mu<lb></lb>tatio, auctio, attractio, retentio, conco<lb></lb>ctio, expulſio. </s> <s id="s.000084">Subtilitas verò in omnibus <lb></lb>his, quorum genera numerauimus. </s> <s id="s.000085">Quod <lb></lb>igitur tot ſint, de quibus tractandum eſt, & <lb></lb>quòd plura eſſe non poſſint, tùm verò quæ <lb></lb>de illis demonſtranda, & quo ordine, abun<lb></lb>dè me explicaſſe reor. </s> <s id="s.000086">Vnde non leuis vti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg5"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>litas ex tanto labore, ſed quanta vnquam <lb></lb>alia ex tractatione poſſit haberi, ſeu ad <lb></lb>vnum tantùm genus, ſeu ad plurima refe<lb></lb>ratur. </s> <s id="s.000087">Primùm enim ad omnem naturæ co<lb></lb>gnitionem confert, & ad difficilium rerum <lb></lb>ſcientiam, & obſcurarum inuentionem, li<lb></lb>bris quoque interpretandis omnibus aliqua <lb></lb>in parte auxiliatur. </s> <s id="s.000088">Artium vires docet, ac <lb></lb>noua quædam ſcitu iucunda commonſtrat, <lb></lb>tum ex his etiam, quæ ad comparandas di<lb></lb>uitias, & opes non parùm momenti afferunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000089">Decernit & circa antiquas, & non leues du<lb></lb>bitationes, quid verum ſit, velut in chymi<lb></lb>cis. </s> <s id="s.000090">Oſtendit & prodigioſa opera tùm natu<lb></lb>ræ, tùm artis. </s> <s id="s.000091">Reuocat & antiqua in vſum <lb></lb>inuenta, quæ vetuſtate, vel bellis gra<lb></lb>uiſſimis excoluerunt. </s> <s id="s.000092">Et quæ ſenſibus ad<lb></lb>miranda videntur, cur fiant, in omni<lb></lb>bus edocet. </s> <s id="s.000093">Iam verò propoſitum rem ag<lb></lb>grediamur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000094"><margin.target id="marg3"></margin.target>Subtilitas in <lb></lb>quib. ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000095">Quæ <expan abbr="tractã-da">tractan<lb></lb>da</expan> ſint in <lb></lb>his libris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000096"><margin.target id="marg4"></margin.target>Ordo li<lb></lb>brorum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000097"><margin.target id="marg5"></margin.target>Vtilitas.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000098">Hylen eſſe, oſtendit rerum ipſarum per<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg6"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>petua generatio, quæ ſemper ex aliquo fit <lb></lb>alio. </s> <s id="s.000099">Etenim frumenta ex terra & humore, <lb></lb>& animalia ex ſemine, & ſanguine, vel <lb></lb>ouis, & cinis ex lignis: nec quicquam tam <lb></lb>puſillum eſt, quòd ex nullo fiat. </s> <s id="s.000100">Nec ſuffi<lb></lb>cit, vt aliquid præſit, cùm non ex arundi-<pb pagenum="359" xlink:href="016/01/008.jpg"></pb>ne, aut ſtipula multus cinis fieri poſſit, ex <lb></lb>multa verò quercu paucus nunquam cinis <lb></lb>euadet. </s> <s id="s.000101">Itaque aliquid in generatione om<lb></lb>ni commune manet, quod materiam pri<lb></lb>mam dicimus aut hylen. </s> <s id="s.000102">Cùm enim aliquid <lb></lb>generatur ex alio, ſi forma perit (aliter enim <lb></lb>eſſet idem ac non eſſet) manente aliquo ma<lb></lb>teriam illud eſſe, neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.000103">Oſtendit idem <lb></lb>corruptio, cùm nihil prorſus dum corrum<lb></lb>pitur, pereat. </s> <s id="s.000104">Nam malum putreſcit, & in <lb></lb>vermes tranſit: & ligna dum vruntur, in <lb></lb>cineres: & aquam in vapores calore ignis, <lb></lb>aut ſolis, vel fumum permutatur. </s> <s id="s.000105">Eſt au<lb></lb>tem vapor & fumus aliquid: nam & homi<lb></lb>nem ſuffocat, & ſi colligatur, denuò tran<lb></lb>ſit in guttas aquæ. </s> <s id="s.000106">Manifeſtum eſt igitur <lb></lb>aliquid eſſe in rerum natura ſub forma lati<lb></lb>tans, quod nec per generationem fit, nec <lb></lb>corruptione ipſa interit: atque hoc ipſum <lb></lb>vt primum quoddam, & quod multis ſub<lb></lb>iicitur formis, materiam primam vocare <lb></lb>ſolemus ingenitam, & nunquam interitu<lb></lb>ram. </s> <s id="s.000107">Manet autem atque eſt: quod enim <lb></lb>manet eſt. </s> <s id="s.000108">Materia igitur actu eſt talis, qua<lb></lb>lem deſcripſimus: verùm formis compara<lb></lb>ta, potentia eſt: illas enim ſuſcipere poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000109">Ad formam igitur comparata materia, po<lb></lb>tentia eſt, in ſeipſa verò actu. </s> <s id="s.000110">Quemadmo<lb></lb>dum fœtus cùm nondum perfectus eſt, in<lb></lb>fans potentia eſt, ſed talis, qualis fœtus actu <lb></lb>eſt: eſt enim hoc quidem ſic delineatum com<lb></lb>miſtum, ac tale quale videtur. </s> <s id="s.000111">Cùm autem <lb></lb>ad formam infantis comparatur, potentia <lb></lb>eſſe dicitur: nam ſi actu eſſet, eſſet infans <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg7"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iam, non autem fœtus. </s> <s id="s.000112">Materia igitur pri<lb></lb>ma actu eſt, atque ( vt ita dicam ) imminu<lb></lb>to: ad formas comparata, potentia eſt: nam <lb></lb>niſi potentia ad illas eſſet, eas nunquam <lb></lb>ſuſciperet: neque enim ex lapide homo fit, <lb></lb>quia lapis ad hominis formam ſuſcipiendam <lb></lb>potentiam non habet. </s> <s id="s.000113">Complexa verò à for<lb></lb>ma, cui tunc ſubiacet, actum conſequitur <lb></lb>perfectiorem, non tamen perfectum: actus <lb></lb>enim perfectus eſt, qui potentia omninò <lb></lb>caret. </s> <s id="s.000114">Dicemus igitur ficus materiam per <lb></lb>ſe conſideratam actu eſſe, ſed tenui admo<lb></lb>dum: vt verò ad alienas formas compara<lb></lb>tur, potentia quidem ad illas: vt autem pro<lb></lb>priè ficus formæ ſubiacet, actu conſiſtere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000115">Sed nec materia prima omnibus eſt ſpoliata <lb></lb>rebus: cùm enim <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dixi ) neque ex pugil<lb></lb>lo paleæ, ferri pugillus ob materiæ paucita<lb></lb>tem, nec rurſus ex ferri pugillo, paleæ pu<lb></lb>gillus ob illius redundantiam, ſequitur <lb></lb>vt materia prima quantitatem quandam <lb></lb>retineat, quam indefinitam vocamus. </s> <s id="s.000116">Nam<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg8"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que non ſibi certos deſcribit limites, cùm <lb></lb>modò ſub forma maius complendo ſpa<lb></lb>tium, modò minùs latitet. </s> <s id="s.000117">Nam ſi ex terra <lb></lb>ignis fiat, ampliorem occupat locum: qua<lb></lb>re materia illa prior, quæ minori ſubiicie<lb></lb>batur quantitati, mutatione formæ maio<lb></lb>rem locum impleuit. </s> <s id="s.000118">Circumſcriptos tamen <lb></lb>habet limites magnitudinis ac paruitatis, <lb></lb>intra quos ceu quidam Proteus infinitos ma<lb></lb>gnitudinis tèrminos ſubit. </s> <s id="s.000119">Quúmque hæc <lb></lb>quantitatis certa determinatio illi actu in<lb></lb>hæreat, quid mirum eſt ipſam materiam pri<lb></lb>mam, propter quam magnitudo ipſa eſt <lb></lb>conſtituta, actu eſſe, ac ſubſiſtere? </s> <s id="s.000120">obſcu<lb></lb>riùs hæc quidem ab aliis dicta ſunt, non ſo<lb></lb>lùm ob rei ipſius ſubtilitatem, ſed quòd ple<lb></lb>rique dum quæ non perfectè aſſequebantur, <lb></lb>ſcribere vellent, ſermonibus non tantùm <lb></lb>obſcurius, ſed etiam ambiguis tractationem <lb></lb>ipſam inuoluunt. </s> <s id="s.000121">Porrò ad materiæ ſcien<lb></lb>tiam, imò eſſentiam ſequitur, vt cùm for<lb></lb>mas ipſas aduenientes impedimus, prior re<lb></lb>maneat: atque eo modo aqua frigida in ſan<lb></lb>guineis temperantiam conſeruat, bilis pro<lb></lb>hibendo generationem. </s> <s id="s.000122">Etenim cùm neceſ<lb></lb>ſe ſit materiam primam ſemper ſub aliqua <lb></lb>iacere forma, ſi ſubſequens impediatur ar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg9"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te, vel caſu, priorem formam manere ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.000123">Inde igitur tota præſeruandi me<lb></lb>thodus ortum habuit. </s> <s id="s.000124">Similiter & in tranſ<lb></lb>mutationibus par materiæ quantitas requi<lb></lb>renda fuit, cùm maior aut minor oportuna <lb></lb>eſſe non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.000125"><expan abbr="Atq;">Atque</expan> ea ratione ex conſimili<lb></lb>bus conſimilia magis fiunt, quàm ex diſſimi<lb></lb>libus. </s> <s id="s.000126">Rurſus rari ac denſi ratio à materiæ <lb></lb>multitudine, aut paucitate ſumpta eſt: ve<lb></lb>rùm de his inferiùs dicemus. </s> <s id="s.000127">Cùm itaque <lb></lb>materia ab initio tota fuiſſet, impleſſétque <lb></lb>hoc concauum orbis, nec poſſet finiri, va<lb></lb>cuum eſſe non poterat: nam vacuo aucto, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg10"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>materiam tolli neceſſe erat. </s> <s id="s.000128">Multa etiam <lb></lb>erant, quæ vacuum eſſe non poſſe demon<lb></lb>ſtrabant, etſi Heron in ſpiritualibus illud <lb></lb>eſſe oſtendere nitatur: verùm non eſt ſa<lb></lb>pientis omnia abſurda refellere: nec noſtri <lb></lb>multò minùs inſtituti, quæ ab euidentibus <lb></lb>rationibus poſſunt demonſtrari, obſcuriori<lb></lb>bus argumentis proſequi. </s> <s id="s.000129">Quòd igitur va<lb></lb>cuum non ſit, folles oſtendunt occluſi, qui <lb></lb>ſi nimium diſtendantur ac violenter fran<lb></lb>guntur: nam locus capacior factus, cùm <lb></lb>nec aëre impleri poſſit, tantam tenuitatem <lb></lb>non admittente, nec vacuum dari queat, ſu<lb></lb>pereſt tertium vt folles ipſi diſrumpantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000130">Huius igitur vacui neceſſitate aqua aſcen<lb></lb>dit, dum per canalem ſugimus, pronáque de<lb></lb>ſcendit, hauriens ſitulam ex vrceolo. </s> <s id="s.000131">Hæc <lb></lb>autem infrà demonſtrabuntur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000132"><margin.target id="marg6"></margin.target>Materiam <lb></lb>primam eſſe.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000133"><margin.target id="marg7"></margin.target>Materiam <lb></lb>primam <lb></lb>actu eſſe.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000134"><margin.target id="marg8"></margin.target>Materiam <lb></lb>primam <lb></lb>quandam <lb></lb>retinere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000135"><margin.target id="marg9"></margin.target>Præſeruandi <lb></lb>methodus <lb></lb>vnde ortum <lb></lb>habuerit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000136"><margin.target id="marg10"></margin.target>Vacuum non <lb></lb>eſſe.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000137">Hac ratione lucerna mirabilis excogitata <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg11"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, turris formâ vndequaque concluſa, ſo<lb></lb>lóque foramine D, contenta, per quod <lb></lb>oleum ipſum infunditur, donec tota implea<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.000138">Solida eſt ex ſtanno, cúmque conuer<lb></lb>titur, vt nunc iacet, oleum effundi per D, <lb></lb>non poteſt.</s> <s id="s.000139">Nam ſi effunderetur, quod eſt <lb></lb>in C, deſcenderet grauis & vacui ratione ad <lb></lb>D: & quod eſſet in B, ad C: & quod eſſet <lb></lb>in A: ad B: igitur vacuum in A, relinque<lb></lb>retur. </s> <s id="s.000140">Ne igitur vacuum in A, relinquatur, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.008.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/008/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>manet: quare etiam in B, oleum, & in C <lb></lb>& in D: nihil ergo effunditur. </s> <s id="s.000141">Sed quonam <lb></lb>pacto igitur dum accenſo ellychnio in F, <lb></lb>oleum conſumitur, per E, canalem ex ipſo <lb></lb>D, exire poteſt, itaque ad vacui rationem <pb pagenum="360" xlink:href="016/01/009.jpg"></pb>rurſus peruenire videtur neceſſarium? </s> <s id="s.000142">Siue <lb></lb>enim trahatur caloris vi, ſeu ſpontè deſcen<lb></lb>dat oleum, quantum ad vacui rationem at<lb></lb>tinet, nihil intereſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.000143">Attamen ex<lb></lb>perimentum edocet, ardere quidem lucer<lb></lb>nam, & ſic ſenſim vacuam reddi: ſpontè <lb></lb>autem oleum nequaquam deſcendere. </s> <s id="s.000144">Cau<lb></lb>ſa igitur eſt, quòd ignis calefaciendo rariùs <lb></lb>ac tenuiùs efficit oleum: id rarius factum <lb></lb>intumeſcit, & per D, foramen exuberat, <lb></lb>leuiſſimáque eius pars interim aſcendit ad <lb></lb>ſummum lucernæ, vbi A, ſcripſimus: quæ <lb></lb>cum multo aëre referta ſit, locum aëre com<lb></lb>plet, ac ſic ſenſim augetur, dum <expan abbr="oleũ">oleum</expan> effundi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.000145">Quamobrem & illud diligenter cauere <lb></lb>neceſſarium eſt, ne canalis D E F, iuſto bre<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg12"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uior ſit, aut ellychnium in F, maius: nam <lb></lb>vtroque modo oleum nimio calore celeriùs <lb></lb>intumeſcit, adeò vt effundatur. </s> <s id="s.000146">Hac ratione <lb></lb>excogitarunt Athenienſes lucernam ante <lb></lb>Mineruæ ſimulachrum, quæ toto anno ar<lb></lb>deret. </s> <s id="s.000147">Nam A B C D, ſpatium auctum erat <lb></lb>iuxta multitudinem dierum anni: commo<lb></lb>diùs forſan fuerit, ſi ſubere craticulæ ferreæ <lb></lb>ſuſtententur. </s> <s id="s.000148">Ideóque in vaſe maximo <lb></lb>oleum effuſum, perſeuerante flamma el<lb></lb>lychnij ſufficiet in totum annum. </s> <s id="s.000149">Vt verò <lb></lb>perſeueret flamma, ellychnium comburi non <lb></lb>debet. </s> <s id="s.000150">Tale fit è ligno Carpaſio, hoc enim <lb></lb>non vritur: aut, vt inferiùs docebimus, è la<lb></lb>pidum cruſtarum filis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg13"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000151"><margin.target id="marg11"></margin.target>Lucerna mi<lb></lb>rabilis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000152"><margin.target id="marg12"></margin.target>Lucerna toto <lb></lb>anno <expan abbr="ardẽs">ardens</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000153"><margin.target id="marg13"></margin.target>Vbique tria <lb></lb>ſunt, mate<lb></lb>ria, forma <lb></lb>& anima.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000154">Materia igitur vbique eſt, illa verò ſine <lb></lb>forma eſſe non poteſt, quare & formam vbi<lb></lb>que eſſe neceſſe eſt: ſed & animam quan<lb></lb>dam, ſeu quòd vbique fiat generatio, ſeu <lb></lb>quod magis ad præſentem attinet tractatio<lb></lb>nem, in quocunque corpore, cùm extra lo<lb></lb>cum ſuum fuerit, motus principium eſſe vi<lb></lb>deatur. </s> <s id="s.000155">At motus non ab anima, ſed à na<lb></lb>tura eſt. </s> <s id="s.000156">Mea nihil intereſt, modò ( quod ad <lb></lb>præſentem mihi ſolùm tractationem neceſ<lb></lb>ſarium eſt ) fatearis principium eſſe quod<lb></lb>dam motus: nam de anima, an omnis natu<lb></lb>ra anima ſit poſteriùs conſiderandum. </s> <s id="s.000157">Nunc <lb></lb>ſatis ſit, cùm miſta omnia ſint corporea aut <lb></lb>ſimplicia, quædam ex his vt leuia ſursùm, <lb></lb>alia deorsùm ferri vt grauia: neque verò <lb></lb>impelluntur: nam violenter ad propria re<lb></lb>mearent: nec trahuntur: locus enim acci<lb></lb>dens eſt, & elementum ipſum non trahit <lb></lb>vbique: vt cùm aqua ſursùm fuerit. </s> <s id="s.000158">Inti<lb></lb>mum igitur eſt, quo mouetur elementum, <lb></lb>aut ab elemento mixtum. </s> <s id="s.000159">Dico etenim mix<lb></lb>tum, vt lapidem, à terra, quæ in ipſo eſt <lb></lb>deorsùm moueri, aut aqua. </s> <s id="s.000160">Siquidem mix<lb></lb>ta & ipſa ab elemento, aut elementis, quæ <lb></lb>in ipſis dominantur, moueri ſolent. </s> <s id="s.000161">Cùm <lb></lb>verò corpora ipſa eiuſdem non fuerint ge<lb></lb>neris, eodem in loco eſſe non poſſunt: nam <arrow.to.target n="marg14"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>materia illa duas haberet ſimul formas. </s> <s id="s.000162">Plus <lb></lb>verò eſſe ac minùs de eodem corpore, oſten<lb></lb>dunt oua vitrea, quæ cùm exuguntur, ex par<lb></lb>uulo foramine aquam trahunt: nam aër ille <lb></lb>rarior factus ob attractionem denuò cogi<lb></lb>tur, occupátque minorem locum quàm priùs, <lb></lb>atque ſic ne vacuum detur, aquam ad ſe <lb></lb>trahit. </s> <s id="s.000163">Igitur aër ipſe cogi poteſt, ac ſeip<lb></lb>ſum ſubingredi, eadémque ratione rarior <lb></lb>euadere: vtque eſt terminus quidam in rari<lb></lb>tate, qui vacui rationem habet atque ſic <lb></lb>mouet, ita denſitatis alius, quem ſi quis <lb></lb>præterire nitatur, motum excitat, qui vo<lb></lb>catur impulſus. </s> <s id="s.000164">Fit igitur impulſus, vel cùm <lb></lb>corpus locum alterius ſubingreditur, vel cùm <lb></lb>idem corpus adeò craſſeſcit, vt tantam craſſi<lb></lb>tiem ferre non queat: tunc enim locum alium <lb></lb>atque ampliorem quærens, motum impulſus <lb></lb>excitat: vtque à vacuo & raritate nimia attra<lb></lb>ctio fit, ſic à denſitate maiore aut corporum <lb></lb>coïtione in vnum, impulſio, quæ attractioni <lb></lb>contraria eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000165"><margin.target id="marg14"></margin.target>Duo corpora <lb></lb>in eodem loco <lb></lb>eſſe non poſ<lb></lb>ſunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000166">Igitur quòd corpora ſimilia coëant & ra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg15"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>reſcant, ab experimento acceptum eſt: ſed <lb></lb>ratio non adeò clara. </s> <s id="s.000167">Alexander putat ma<lb></lb>teriam habere potentiam ad formas diuer<lb></lb>ſas, quarum quantitates materiæ diuerſæ <lb></lb>ſunt: veluti ſi ex aqua fiat aër, quòd aër <lb></lb>minorem poſtulet materiam, materia illa <lb></lb>rareſcit, quod in igne dum è puluere fit, ma<lb></lb>nifeſtè videmus. </s> <s id="s.000168">At condenſari & rareſce<lb></lb>cere, eſt formam ex parte mutare. </s> <s id="s.000169">Cúm enim <lb></lb>aër cogitur, ad aquæ naturam tranſit. </s> <s id="s.000170">Vn<lb></lb>de in cucurbitulis lintea madefacta cogunt <lb></lb>aërem, atque ideò magis trahunt. </s> <s id="s.000171">Igitur <lb></lb>quæ rareſcunt vel condenſantur, formam <lb></lb>partim mutant. </s> <s id="s.000172">At forma corporis, formam <lb></lb>elementi ſequitur. </s> <s id="s.000173">Repugnat igitur, duo <lb></lb>corpora ſimul eſſe, non ob materiam, quæ <lb></lb>potentia tantùm in loco eſt, & locum occu<lb></lb>pat, & decernit ſibi quantitatem poteſtate <lb></lb>quidem ſola, non actu, ſed ob formarum di<lb></lb>uerſitatem. </s> <s id="s.000174">Condenſari igitur corpus po<lb></lb>teſt, quod ſimiles habet partes, non autem <lb></lb>corpora ſe penetrare poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.000175">Porrò in con<lb></lb>denſatione videtur difflari aliquid tenuius, <lb></lb>aut exprimi. </s> <s id="s.000176">Sed ſi ita eſt, videbitur quod <lb></lb>rareſcit, aut condenſat generari. </s> <s id="s.000177">Verùm ele<lb></lb>mentorum mutatio adeò facilis eſt in con<lb></lb>iuncta & ſimilia, vt non omninò vera <lb></lb>generatio videatur. </s> <s id="s.000178">Nam ex aqua in le<lb></lb>bete aër fit ob ignis calorem: ignis au<lb></lb>tem nihil generat. </s> <s id="s.000179">Non igitur eſt hæc ge<lb></lb>neratio elementorum, ſed tranſmutatio quæ<lb></lb>dam ad affinia. </s> <s id="s.000180">Dicemus autem de hoc in<lb></lb>feriùs. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000181"><margin.target id="marg15"></margin.target>Corporum <lb></lb>vnitio quo<lb></lb>modo fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000182">Ergo in vniuerſum tres erunt motus nà<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg16"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>turales. </s> <s id="s.000183">Primus quidem ac validiſſimus à va<lb></lb>cui fuga, ſed veriùs à forma elementi, cùm <lb></lb>maiorem raritatem non admittat, nec ma<lb></lb>teriæ partes ſeparari vnquam queant. </s> <s id="s.000184">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur in follibus apertio maior fit, quàm <lb></lb>paucus ille aër ferre poſſit, primùm rarior <lb></lb>redditus, cùm materia prima ſeperationem <lb></lb>non admittat, aër ille non ſuſtinens maio<lb></lb>rem raritatem, aut aliquid ad ſe trahit, aut <lb></lb>folles omninò diſrumpit. </s> <s id="s.000185">Non igitur à va<lb></lb>cuo motus vllus, ſed à formis ipſis maximè <lb></lb>aëris, dum ampliùs diuelli nequit, nec ſe<lb></lb>parari, fieri conſueuit. </s> <s id="s.000186">Eſſe autem hunc mo<lb></lb>tum naturalem, oſtendit conſenſus in hoc <lb></lb>vniuerſi, & obedientia omnium corporum, <lb></lb>quæ relictis propriis motibus, vt huic ſa<lb></lb>tisfaciant, aſcendunt ſpontè grauia, deſcen<lb></lb>dúntque leuia. </s> <s id="s.000187">Secundus ( vt dixi ) è directo <lb></lb>huic contrarius, ſpecie quidem vt primus <lb></lb>à vacuo fit. </s> <s id="s.000188">Hic ne corpora ſe mutuò pene<lb></lb>trent factus videtur, ſed veriùs oppoſitam <lb></lb>priori ob rationem, ne ſcilicet forma plus <lb></lb>iuſto, quàm debeat materiæ primæ conſe<lb></lb>quatur, ſicut in priore ne iuſto minùs. </s> <s id="s.000189">Hunc <pb pagenum="361" xlink:href="016/01/010.jpg"></pb>igitur eiſdem rationibus quibus priorem, na<lb></lb>turalem eſſe demonſtrauimus à natura pro<lb></lb>ficiſci, quamvis apud quoſdam obſcurius <lb></lb>certè conſtat. </s> <s id="s.000190">Neque ſatis liquet ex his mo<lb></lb>tibus, qui ſit validior. </s> <s id="s.000191">Illud tamen clarum <lb></lb>eſt, ambos motibus omnibus violentis, tum <lb></lb>etiam elementorum naturalibus potentiores <lb></lb>multò eſſe, neque vbi impulſus huius ge<lb></lb>neris, aut attractionis ratio habenda ſit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg17"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>grauis aut leuis penè vllam eſſe curam. </s> <s id="s.000192">At<lb></lb>que ea ratione, quam ſuo loco proſeque<lb></lb>mur, tanta vi tormenta bellica pilas illas fer<lb></lb>reas emittunt, cùm nulla vis alia impellen<lb></lb>do quicquam ſimile poſſit efficere. </s> <s id="s.000193">Quòd <lb></lb>niſi machinæ periculum fracturæ obſta<lb></lb>ret, nihil prohiberet ex Germaniis in In<lb></lb>diam, quoniam ex ordine eſt vniuerſi, im<lb></lb>pelli. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000194"><margin.target id="marg16"></margin.target>Tres eſſe mo<lb></lb>tus natura<lb></lb>les à princi<lb></lb>pio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000195"><margin.target id="marg17"></margin.target>Bellicæ ma<lb></lb>chinæ impel<lb></lb>lunt ordine <lb></lb>vniuerſi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000196">Tertius autem motus grauium eſt ad in<lb></lb>ferna, leuium ad ſuperna: quem planè om<lb></lb>nes naturalem eſſe fatentur, quò minùs de <lb></lb>eo laboro. </s> <s id="s.000197">Sed nec ſi concedatur nobis alios <lb></lb>motus naturales dici debere, modò ſemper <lb></lb>his, vt dixi, contingant rationibus, quic<lb></lb>quam ad ea, quæ declarare propoſueramus <lb></lb>oberit. </s> <s id="s.000198">Erat & quartum genus naturalis mo<lb></lb>tus, quo quædam ad alia mouentur: quod <lb></lb>quia generale non eſt, ad locum ſuum trans<lb></lb>feretur, velut de Herculeo vocato lapide, <lb></lb>& ferro, electro atque feſtuca. </s> <s id="s.000199">His igitur de<lb></lb>monſtratis tanquam principiis ratio conſur<lb></lb>git machinæ Cteſibicæ, quæ ſic conſtat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg18"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000200"><margin.target id="marg18"></margin.target>Machina <lb></lb>Cteſiaica.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.010.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/010/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000201">Catinus A, æ<lb></lb>reus, cuius ſum<lb></lb>mum os per quod <lb></lb>effundi aqua de<lb></lb>bet B. </s> <s id="s.000202">In imo eius <lb></lb>duo foramina C, <lb></lb>& D, ſuper qui<lb></lb>bus axes aut coria <lb></lb>ita collocentur vt <lb></lb>in follibus: quæ <lb></lb>ex inferiore par<lb></lb>te eleuentur ver<lb></lb>sùs A, ſed ſi com<lb></lb>primantur, occludant obſcura illa: hæreánt<lb></lb>que catino ex oſculis C, & D, fiſtulæ duæ, <lb></lb>dextra ac ſiniſtra producantur E, & F, & <lb></lb>modiolis inſerantur in G, & in H. </s> <s id="s.000203">Modioli <lb></lb>inanes ſunt, & in aqua merſi, in imo haben<lb></lb>tes foramina K, & L, in medio: ſupra quæ <lb></lb>axes cum corio vt in catino, qui eleuari poſ<lb></lb>ſint ad ſuperiùs: cùm verò premuntur oſcula, <lb></lb>ad vnguem concludant. </s> <s id="s.000204">In modiolis autem <lb></lb>emboli maſculi M, & N, torno politi, & oleo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg19"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſubacti, vt modiolos ad amuſſim impleant: <lb></lb>inde vectibus & tegulis ita ſint aptati, vt vl<lb></lb>trò, citróque permeantes, cùm M, aſcendit, <lb></lb>exinanitúrque ſubiectum vas, alterna vice <lb></lb>N, deſcendat, & impleat embolum, expri<lb></lb>mátque quicquid in eo continetur. </s> <s id="s.000205">Hac ra<lb></lb>tione parata cùm ex O, trahitur M, embo<lb></lb>lus maſculus, locus Q, modioli exinanitur: <lb></lb>quare eleuatur axis & corium ſuprà K, aquá<lb></lb>que aſcendit donec impleatur modiolus ex <lb></lb>primi motus ratione: interim verò cùm N, <lb></lb>preſſus ſit, incipiat ex imo trahi alterno mo<lb></lb>tu, <expan abbr="deſcendétq;">deſcendétque</expan> M, embolus <expan abbr="cúmq;">cúmque</expan> aqua, quæ <lb></lb>in ſpatio Q, continebatur non poſſit effluere, <lb></lb>M, concludente ſuperiùs modioli capacita<lb></lb>tem ad vnguem: nec deſcendere per K, quo<lb></lb>niam axis foramen premit, & quò magis vr<lb></lb>getur pondere & impetu ex ſuperiore loco <lb></lb>ab aqua, ita magis exquiſitè hæret K, fora<lb></lb>mini: ſequitur vt aqua per G, exeat, qua ſo<lb></lb>lùm exitus patet, aſcendénſque per fiſtulam <lb></lb>E, ingreditur eleuans operculum in catinum <lb></lb>per C, <expan abbr="foramẽ">foramen</expan>, donec catinus impleatur: pòſt <lb></lb>ceſſante impulſu ex E, ſubſidet corium, & <lb></lb>axis in C, váſque A, plenum manet. </s> <s id="s.000206">Interim <lb></lb>verò dnm M, ad K, deſcendit, N, ad ſummum <lb></lb>modioli <expan abbr="aſcẽdit">aſcendit</expan>, modiolúſque impletur aqua <lb></lb>eadem ratione: vnde cum rurſus premitur, <lb></lb>exprimit aquam per H, in F, & per D, eadem <lb></lb>ratione in modiolum, qui cùm iam plenus ſit <lb></lb>aqua, nec illa per C, regredi poſſit, cùm axis <lb></lb>& corium eò magis hæreant foramini, quò <lb></lb>magis ab aqua ex ſuperiore parte premun<lb></lb>tur, ſequitur vt ex ſecundi motus naturalis <lb></lb>ratione, quo etiam grauia ſursùm feruntur, <lb></lb>vt aqua per A, in B, aſcendens effundatur, at<lb></lb>que ita alternante motu ac pleno ſemper ca<lb></lb>tino, vt effluere ex imo K, & L, in altum aſ<lb></lb>cendens, quantumlibet per B, nunquam de<lb></lb>ſinat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000207"><margin.target id="marg19"></margin.target>Vitruuius <lb></lb>lib. 10. 6. 12.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000208">Eiuſdem argumenti eſt tuba nauium, qua <lb></lb>ſolent naues aqua periclitantes euacuare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000209">Cuius exemplo conſtructa eſt machina Bar<lb></lb>tholomæi Brambillæ, quam nos vidimus <lb></lb>Mediolani, nulla ex parte antiquis artificio <lb></lb>inferior. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.010.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/010/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.000210">Machina Brambilica.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000211">BD, tuba, inanis in<lb></lb>tus, lignea, rotunda, ve<lb></lb>ctibus & regulis fixa, <lb></lb>latior parte ſuperiore <lb></lb>tota DM, inferiore ar<lb></lb>ctior: qua parte exci<lb></lb>pitur C, vaſe aquæ im<lb></lb>merſo, & vndique à la<lb></lb>teribus perforato, vt <lb></lb>aqua ingredi poſſit: la<lb></lb>pilli autem & arena <lb></lb>minimè, fundo vaſis C, <lb></lb>ſolido. </s> <s id="s.000212">Sic fiet vt tuba <lb></lb>aquam ex vaſe puram, <lb></lb>cùm opus fuerit, non <lb></lb>lapillos aut arenam, <lb></lb>quibus machina impe<lb></lb>diretur, hauriat. </s> <s id="s.000213">In loco <lb></lb>M, vbi arctior pars la<lb></lb>tiori committitur, co<lb></lb>rium ſuperiùs ex parte <lb></lb>M, annectitur, cui ſu<lb></lb>perimminet lamina te<lb></lb>nuis plumbea, vt cùm <lb></lb>eleuetur ex parte Q, <lb></lb>pondere ſuo denuò cadat, & integat canalem <lb></lb>L, exquiſite. </s> <s id="s.000214">Embolus autem maſculus AE, <lb></lb>minor tubæ latitudine, ſed <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> in ſupremo, <lb></lb>vbi eſt D, ad amuſſim obſtruat tubæ <expan abbr="foramẽ">foramen</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000215">Inane autem ſit OP. </s> <s id="s.000216">Ex imo emboli tres vir<lb></lb>gæ ferreæ ſolidæ prodeant, ad latera tubæ in<lb></lb>tus pertingentes, quas corio circumueſties, <lb></lb>ne contactu tubam exulcerent. </s> <s id="s.000217">Hæ tripodis <lb></lb>imaginem referunt, inferiùs latiores ac ma<lb></lb>gis diſtantes, vbi F, quàm ſuperiùs vbi E. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000218">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, totum ſpatium iuxta <lb></lb>N, eſſe inane, nec præter virgulas aliquid <lb></lb>eſſe in eo: quo fit vt peruia ſit vita ex O, & <lb></lb>P, in N, atque viciſſim ex N, in O, & P: <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> <pb pagenum="362" xlink:href="016/01/011.jpg"></pb>enim ſpatium ſupra F, inane eſt, nec in eo <lb></lb>aliquid continetur præter embolum & vir<lb></lb>gulas. </s> <s id="s.000219">In imo harum virgularum circulus F, <lb></lb>câpitibus earum annexus conſtituatur, nec <lb></lb>totus inanis, ſed in medio tantùm, & vbi <lb></lb>foramen relinquitur, corio ſupernè, ac ſu<lb></lb>per corium plumbi lamina tenui, vt in M, <lb></lb>dictum eſt, integatur, ſic vt cùm integitur, <lb></lb>ne aër poſſit tranſire, & corium tamen cum <lb></lb>plumbo eleuari poſſit verſus N, & foramen <lb></lb>ipſum detegere. </s> <s id="s.000220">Hoc itaque fiet, ſi corium <lb></lb>media quaſi parte annexum fuerit circulo, <lb></lb>capita virgarum continente: reliqua parte <lb></lb>diſiunctum, ac ſolùm ad amuſſim foramen <lb></lb>illud, cùm hæret, occludens. </s> <s id="s.000221">Ex ipſis rurſus <lb></lb>virgarum capitibus tres aliæ virgæ rectà <lb></lb>prodeant, lateribus introrſum tubæ hæren<lb></lb>tes. </s> <s id="s.000222">Has corium circumambit vndequaque <lb></lb>ab F, ſuprema parte vſque in G, hærens ad <lb></lb>amuſſim lateribus tubæ introrſum, ne vel aër <lb></lb>ex K, in N, poſſit permeare. </s> <s id="s.000223">Ita fiet in H, mo<lb></lb>diolum, ſed inuerſum, videatur: eſt enim fun<lb></lb>dus F, & corio circumueſtitus vndequaque <lb></lb>tereti forma, & in G, apertus ac patens. </s> <s id="s.000224">Quo <lb></lb>peracto ita aptetur A, embolus, vt citrò, vl<lb></lb>tróque commeare modò deſcendendo vſque <lb></lb>ad M, parte G, ima modioli inuerſi, modò <lb></lb>ſursùm vbi nunc pingitur, retrahi poſſit. </s> <s id="s.000225">His <lb></lb>itaque ſic diſpoſitis, iaceat G, ſuper M Q, & <lb></lb>incipiat eleuari, tunc aër contentus in ſpatio <lb></lb>H, rarior factus demùm trahit Q, & eleuat: <lb></lb>cuius ſucceſſu aſcendit aër ex L, in K, ſpa<lb></lb>tium, huius ſucceſſu aqua aſcendit ex B, in <lb></lb>L. </s> <s id="s.000226">Cùm autem embolus deſcendit aëris im<lb></lb>pulſu, & plumbi grauitate, illicò Q, deſcen<lb></lb>dit: quare aqua, quæ eſt in L, neceſſariò ma<lb></lb>net: nam recluſo operculo MQ, ſi aqua deſ<lb></lb>cenderet, conuelleretur modicus ille aër, qui <lb></lb>eſſet in ſuprema parte L, ſupra aquam, cùm <lb></lb>non poſſit alium haurire aërem ex K, pro<lb></lb>pter periculum MQ: aër verò qui in K, con<lb></lb>tinebatur, dum deſcendit per G, eleuans <lb></lb>operculum F, effugit ſpatium O, & per P, <lb></lb>foramen exit foràs: ita ſæpiùs repetito aſcen<lb></lb>ſu, deſcenſúque G, & emboli, impletur lo<lb></lb>cus L, aqua, pòſt rurſus eleuato G, & ob <lb></lb>motus primi rationem, ne aër in K, nimis <lb></lb>conuellatur, eleuato Q M, operculo aqua <lb></lb>ingreditur, ſpatium K, donec impleatur, & <lb></lb>ſimul cum eo ſpatium H, quod (vt dixi) com<lb></lb>mune eſt cum K, quia G, eſt medioli os pa<lb></lb>tens, & nulla ex parte concluſum. </s> <s id="s.000227">Sic igitur <lb></lb>iam plenum, & rurſus embolus deſcendat: <lb></lb>aqua igitur quæ in H, eſt, eleuabit opercu<lb></lb>lum F, & implebit ſpatia N, & O. </s> <s id="s.000228">Cùm au<lb></lb>tem ſursùm trahitur embolus, ne aqua, quæ <lb></lb>in O. aſcenderat, rursùm deſcendat, prohibet <lb></lb>operculum in F, quod grauitate tum propria, <lb></lb>tum aquæ ſuperincumbentis, cadens obturat <lb></lb>foramen. </s> <s id="s.000229">Itaque conſtat hac machina aquam <lb></lb>ſemper aſcendere, & nunquam poſſe deſ<lb></lb>cendere: vnde cùm peruenerit ad P, effun<lb></lb>ditur per P, os tubæ in locum, quem volue<lb></lb>ris, tuncque minimo labore quantum voles <lb></lb>aquæ ex B, exhauries: nam plena iam tuba <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg20"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>facilior fit motus emboli A. </s> <s id="s.000230">Tubæ verò qui<lb></lb>bus ſiccantur naues, tum fontes & ſcaturigi<lb></lb>nes aquarum, ſimpliciore conſtructione con<lb></lb>ſtant. </s> <s id="s.000231">Manente ratione B, & C, ne lapides <lb></lb>machinam impediant, embolus quatuor <lb></lb>habet corij fruſta in imo, & totidem iuxtà, <lb></lb>duorum tamen cubitorum, aut paulò plus <lb></lb>ſpatio diſtincta, quæ ſupernè alligantur. </s> <s id="s.000232">Pal<lb></lb>mi longitudo eſt eorum: & vt trahuntur, <lb></lb>aqua ingreditur vacui ratione: cùm deſcen<lb></lb>dunt, dilatantur propter aëris impulſum, ſed <lb></lb>& ob celeritatem aliquid rurſus permeat <lb></lb>aquæ ſuperiùs. </s> <s id="s.000233">Itaque non ſolùm trahen<lb></lb>do, ſed & premendo aqua aſcendit. </s> <s id="s.000234">Iam igi<lb></lb>tur declarauimus exemplum quietis, quæ <lb></lb>fit per vacui fugam, hanc tamen docui<lb></lb>mus potiùs debere dici raritatis violentiam: </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000235"><margin.target id="marg20"></margin.target>Tubæ <expan abbr="hauriẽ-tes">haurien<lb></lb>tes</expan> aquas.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.011.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/011/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.000236">Horologij <lb></lb>mola.<lb></lb>fit enim à forma elementi fu<lb></lb>gientis maiorem, quam ei con<lb></lb>uenire poſſit, raritatem. </s> <s id="s.000237">Sic ea<lb></lb>dem ratione appellabimus im<lb></lb>pulſum, ſeu ſit motus, ſeu quies, <lb></lb>à denſitate, ſicut tertium ele<lb></lb>menti motum, ſeu grauis ſit, ſeu <lb></lb>leuis. </s> <s id="s.000238">Exemplo igitur lucernæ <lb></lb>quies olei in ſuprema parte <lb></lb>oſtenſa eſt. </s> <s id="s.000239">Secundo autem <lb></lb>exemplo motus attractionis ob <lb></lb>raritatem, & impulſus ob den<lb></lb>ſitatem, in machina Cteſibica <lb></lb>demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.000240">Hoc tertio ſimi<lb></lb>liter <expan abbr="vtriuſq;">vtriuſque</expan> motus exemplar, <lb></lb>ac quietis etiam grauis præter <lb></lb>naturam. </s> <s id="s.000241">Supereſt modò, vt <lb></lb>motum à ſola raritate, ſeu à va<lb></lb>cuo quarto exemplo doceamus: <lb></lb>verùm id inferiùs exponere <lb></lb>oportet, ratione quadam ſin<lb></lb>gulari, cùm motus elemento<lb></lb>rum docebimus. </s> <s id="s.000242">Nunc verò <lb></lb>motum qui ob ſolam fit denſi<lb></lb>tatem aggrediemur, cuius <lb></lb>exemplum in tormentis bellicis <lb></lb>patuit, in quibus impulſus mo<lb></lb>tus ſolum apparet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000243">Eiuſdem planè generis eſt <lb></lb>motus, qui fit in molis horologiorum, ſi<lb></lb>cut baliſtarum ex raritate, tum ſcorpio<lb></lb>num, ac eiuſcemodi generis tormentorum: <lb></lb>nam cùm nimium tenditur neruus, vt ſe <lb></lb>contrahat, impulſu mouetur acriore, ac <lb></lb>impoſitum lapidem, aut ſagittam impel<lb></lb>lit. </s> <s id="s.000244">Itaque ad motum raritatis hæc ratio re<lb></lb>ducitur. </s> <s id="s.000245">Contraria igitur ( vr dixi ) ratio<lb></lb>ne, mola torquetur in horologio: nam <lb></lb>chalybs mollis redditus, in tenuem bra<lb></lb>cteam prolongam & ſtrictam, vt in figu<lb></lb>ra vides, redigitur; inde per vim in or<lb></lb>bem arctiſſime colligitur, capſulæque in<lb></lb>cluditur. </s> <s id="s.000246">Funis autem tenuis, ſed validior, <lb></lb>circumuoluitur capſulæ, cuius extremum <lb></lb>axi rotæ latiori nectitur. </s> <s id="s.000247">Ita fit, vt dum <lb></lb>chalybs denſitate nimia preſſus tenditur, <lb></lb>capſulam circumuoluat, quæ trahit funem: <lb></lb>inde axis ſenſim circumuolutus, rota à qua <lb></lb>denticulis implicatis aliæ circumaguntur, <lb></lb>ſecum agit. </s> <s id="s.000248">Sextum exemplum eſt, quónam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg21"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pacto quies ex impulſu poſſit contingere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000249">Huius generis eſt vrceus aqua plenus fiſtu<lb></lb>lam inanem habens: cùm enim fiſtula ver<lb></lb>titur inferiùs, aqua ipſa pendere vide<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.000250">Simili ratione lapides ſuper aquam <lb></lb>iacti reſiliunt: & ſitula aqua plena cir<lb></lb>cumuelociter acta, non effundit aquam: <lb></lb>quia cùm tempus deſit aëris diuiſioni, ne <pb pagenum="363" xlink:href="016/01/012.jpg"></pb>nimium comprimatur, aqua ſubſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.000251">Ea<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg22"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dem ratione plumbea lamina lata aquæ ſu<lb></lb>pernatat: nam deſcendendo partes, quæ in <lb></lb>medio ſunt, non habentes, quò diffugiant, <lb></lb>nimium comprimerentur: vel ſi antè di<lb></lb>labantur, vacuum relinqui in medio ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt: non poteſt igitur vllo pacto deſ<lb></lb>cendere, niſi ad vnam partem priùs incli<lb></lb>netur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000252"><margin.target id="marg21"></margin.target>Situla aqua <lb></lb>plena <expan abbr="circũ-uoluta">circun<lb></lb>uoluta</expan> cur <lb></lb>non effunda<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000253"><margin.target id="marg22"></margin.target>Plumbea, la<lb></lb>mina lata ſi <lb></lb>æqualiter <lb></lb>aqua inſi<lb></lb>ſtat, mergi <lb></lb>cur non poſ<lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000254">Quòd igitur à raritate fiant hæc, & quo<lb></lb>modo, oſtenſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000255">Operæpretium autem <lb></lb>erit, vt demonſtremus, hos motus à vacuo <lb></lb>nulla ratione fieri poſſe. </s> <s id="s.000256">Hoc autem infrà per <lb></lb>exquiſitas rationes declarabitur. </s> <s id="s.000257">Nunc autem <lb></lb>ſufficiat tantum declaraſſe ſenſibili quodam <lb></lb>experimento, quantum ad rationem inſtru<lb></lb>mentorum docendam ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.000258">Nam ſi fatiſ<lb></lb>cant rimis machinæ, iam nullus vacui metus <lb></lb>eſt, & tamen trahunt, ſed tantò debilius, & <lb></lb>maiore difficultate, quantò hiant magis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000259">Hócque fundamento machinæ omnes con<lb></lb>ſtant, quæ alioquin ab indiuiſibili quadam <lb></lb>ratione pendêrent, eſſétque ob id omnes ſta<lb></lb>tim inutiles, vel ſaltem non diuturnæ. </s> <s id="s.000260">In non <lb></lb>exactis ergo operibus atque vetuſtis manet <lb></lb>etiam vſus: fruſtatio verò pro erroris magni<lb></lb>tudine. </s> <s id="s.000261">Attractio igitur à forma fit, quæ <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> <lb></lb>metuit aliam conſequi raritatem, ne pereat, <lb></lb>quantum poteſt, reſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.000262">Oſtendimur enim <lb></lb>ſuperiùs, mutata ſubſtantia atque denſitate, <lb></lb>mutari quoque formam. </s> <s id="s.000263">Quòd ſi metu vacui <lb></lb>fieret attractio, quaſi conſentiente vniuerſo, <lb></lb>eſſet hæc attractio infinita, ſed non eſt, ve<lb></lb>rùm pro quantitate formæ, & elementi ac <lb></lb>inſtrumenti continentis. </s> <s id="s.000264">Nam canalis paruus <lb></lb>aquam modicam haurit, nec trahit plumbi <lb></lb>magnam molem. </s> <s id="s.000265">Indicio igitur hoc eſt, à <lb></lb>forma fieri <expan abbr="hãc">hanc</expan> attractionem, & pro viribus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg23"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eius atque magnitudine. </s> <s id="s.000266">Eſt & tertia conie<lb></lb>ctura, quòd plana quæ non fatiſcunt, <expan abbr="attamẽ">attamen</expan> <lb></lb>diſiunguntur. </s> <s id="s.000267">At hoc fieri nequiret, niſi ad<lb></lb>miſſo vacuo. </s> <s id="s.000268">Inter plana igitur quæcunque <lb></lb>dum clauduntur, aër intercipitur, qui vetat <lb></lb>plana diſiungi quoad licet. </s> <s id="s.000269">Sed cum (vt dixi) <lb></lb>pro ſui robore ſolùm impediat, maiore nixu <lb></lb>vincitur. </s> <s id="s.000270">Solùm illud obiicies, quòd à minore <lb></lb>aëre minùs hæc diſiunctio impediretur, at <lb></lb>magis tamen impeditur. </s> <s id="s.000271">Vt enim magis pla<lb></lb>na ad vnguem coierint, eò minùs aëris inter<lb></lb>cipitur, & tamen eò difficilius diuelluntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000272">Sed cauſa eſt, quia magis neceſſe eſt aërem <lb></lb>illum à propria forma recedere, quò magis <lb></lb>rareſcit. </s> <s id="s.000273"><expan abbr="Cõſequitur">Conſequitur</expan> enim, vt dictum eſt, alia <lb></lb>ſubſtantia quædam, & noua generatio, quæ <lb></lb>vt à priore magis recedit, eò maiore labore <lb></lb><expan abbr="cõficitur">conficitur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.000274">At dices: Aëre rarefacto, quid aliud <lb></lb>poteſt generari quàm ignis? </s> <s id="s.000275">Ignis autem ca<lb></lb>lidiſſimus: at inter plana nulla eſt manifeſta <lb></lb>caliditas, imò frigus. </s> <s id="s.000276">Sed non eſt ignis ſeu <lb></lb>æther calidus: hoc enim inferiùs declarabi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.000277">Quod enim humidum eſt, ſi attenuetur, <lb></lb>non in ignem, ſed in ætheris tranſit natu<lb></lb>ram: aër autem humidus, & æther minimè <lb></lb>calidus eſt. </s> <s id="s.000278">Confeſtim verò alio in ingredien<lb></lb>te aëre, fit mixtio. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000279"><margin.target id="marg23"></margin.target>Plana iun<lb></lb>cta quomodo <lb></lb>diſiungi poſ<lb></lb>ſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000280">Hæc ſatis ſint de his motibus duobus prio<lb></lb>ribus, tum quiete, quæ ab eis fit, exempla, <lb></lb>cùm hîc non ſit præſentis inſtituti de ma<lb></lb>chinis loqui, ſed in duodecimo libro de <expan abbr="Rerũ">Rerum</expan> <lb></lb>varietate. </s> <s id="s.000281">His ad vnguem tot exempla ex<lb></lb>plicaſſe ſufficiat, quot etiam modos: ſex enim <lb></lb>modis ſena ſufficiunt exempla. </s> <s id="s.000282">Ergo grauia <lb></lb>deorſum moueri, leuia ſursùm, palàm eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000283">Sed ſuperaddunt quidam ne hoc contenti, <lb></lb>leuia grauibus velle ſupereſſe, vnde etiam <lb></lb>aër ſi ſub aqua exiſtat, quamvis in propria <lb></lb>regione, ſuperiùs tamen emergere nititur: vt <lb></lb>in vrceis manifeſtum eſt, cum ſemipleni ver<lb></lb>tuntur: & in veſica aëre plena, quæ aquæ im<lb></lb>merſa eſt. </s> <s id="s.000284">Sed non eſt hic motus alius à pri<lb></lb>mo: nam aqua ipſa cum ſit in ſublimi, cona<lb></lb>tur, deſcendere, & ad illius deſcenſum aër ne <lb></lb>nimium conſtringatur, aſcendit. </s> <s id="s.000285">Sed in ve<lb></lb>ſica, quæ in flumine eſt, cum aër ſit in loco <lb></lb>aquæ, aſcendere nititur: igitur ſufficiet vna <lb></lb>ratio motus in elementis ad locum ſunum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000286">Quòd autem aqua veſicam impellat ſursùm, <lb></lb>non aër aſcendat, patet, quoniam veſica ſub <lb></lb>terra poſita non aſcendit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000287">Quod verò dubitatione magis dignum eſt, <lb></lb>id eſt: Quomodo aqua tantùm aſcendat, <lb></lb>quantùm deſcendere poteſt, dum à motu ra<lb></lb>ritatis adiuuatur: id ipſum plenius exemplo <lb></lb>patebit. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.012.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/012/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg24"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000288"><margin.target id="marg24"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>aqua <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> <lb></lb>aſcendat, <lb></lb>quantum <lb></lb>poteſt deſ<lb></lb>cendere.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000289">Vas ſit aqua plenum, cuius ſupremum E, <lb></lb>imum F, in quo canalis A B C. </s> <s id="s.000290">Sit autem <lb></lb>CD, linea æqualiter à finitore diſtans, ſecun<lb></lb>dùm quem libella ducitur. </s> <s id="s.000291">Impleatur autem <lb></lb>canalis ABC, aqua, & emittetur aqua per <lb></lb>C, dico, quòd exhauriet quicquid eſt aquæ <lb></lb>ſupra C D, lineam: nihil autem eius quod <lb></lb>eſt infra C D, lineam, ſed canalis plenus <lb></lb>pendebit, & vas vſque ad CD, aqua plenum <lb></lb>conſpicietur. </s> <s id="s.000292">Hoc itaque ſic eſſe, declarat <lb></lb>exemplum. </s> <s id="s.000293">Forſan quis dicat, hæc ad aquæ <lb></lb>tractationem debuiſſe transferri: ſed non <lb></lb>oportuit, quandoquidem ſeu aqua, ſeu vino, <lb></lb>oleo, lactéve vas plenum fuerit, nihil inter<lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.000294">Itaque huius experimenti potiùs ratio <lb></lb>reddenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.000295">Aqua igitur quæ ſupra C D, <lb></lb>eſt, quum tanta ad vnguem ſit, quæ aſcendit, <lb></lb>quanta eſt illa, quæ ex C, effunditur, ſeu ca<lb></lb>nalis latior ſit in C, quàm in A, ſeu arctior, <lb></lb>quia ſemper totus canalis ad vnguem ple<lb></lb>nus eſt, leuior eſt aqua, quæ effunditur <lb></lb>per C. </s> <s id="s.000296">Quòd verò leuior ſit aqua in parte <lb></lb>ſupra C D, quàm in C, cauſa eſt, quia <lb></lb>aqua ſupra C D, deſcendere appetit, vt ſit <lb></lb>inferior illa, quæ eſt in C, igitur compri<lb></lb>mit aquam, & in canalem impellit. </s> <s id="s.000297">Quæ <lb></lb>autem eſt infra C D, non appetit eſſe in C, <lb></lb>altiùs eſt loco eius, ideo non vult aſcende<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.000298">Sed aqua, quæ effluit ex C, non præ<lb></lb>bet conſiderandi cauſam, cùm tamen ſit hu<lb></lb>milior ipſa aqua, quæ in vaſe continetur: <lb></lb>quia attractio illa non fit, niſi continuita<lb></lb>tis ratione: continuitas pendet ex ratione ra<lb></lb>ritatis, quæ nulla eſſe poteſt, aqua iam <lb></lb>egrediente os canalis C. </s> <s id="s.000299">Denique tota hæc <lb></lb>contemplatio abſoluitur hoc argumento, <pb pagenum="364" xlink:href="016/01/013.jpg"></pb>quòd aqua, quæ debet trahere aliam aquam <lb></lb>ſecum, oportet vt vaſe contineatur, quoniam <lb></lb>ſine illo conuelli nequit, ſed ab aëre iuuatur <lb></lb>adueniente, & vt corpus continuum ad ęqui<lb></lb>librium perueniat. </s> <s id="s.000300">Cùm igitur humilius eſt <lb></lb>oſculum C, ad illud perueniet: tùm autem <lb></lb>ſublimius, non deſcendet: quia quæ è directo <lb></lb>eſt loci inferioris, vt in A, aſcendere cogetur <lb></lb>ad C, quod eſt in directo D. </s> <s id="s.000301">Si autem aqua <lb></lb>deſcendat primò, deinde aſcendat, vt in figu<lb></lb>ra ſequente, ex A, in B, inde in E, & poſtmo<arrow.to.target n="marg25"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.013.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/013/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>dum in C, & in D: tunc peruenire poterit, ſi <lb></lb>D, minùs diſtet à linea B C, quàm A, locus, <lb></lb>ex quo deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.000302">Sed oportet in ſingulis ſpa<lb></lb>tiis certam eſſe differentiam altitudinis A, & <lb></lb>D. </s> <s id="s.000303">Quantò enim longior via fuerit, eò maior <lb></lb>differentia A, & D, iuxta altitudinis menſu<lb></lb>ram eſſe debet. </s> <s id="s.000304">Hinc errores quorundam, qui <lb></lb>ad libramentum, quum conati eſſent aquas <lb></lb>deducere, maximas iacturas impenſarum ſuſ<lb></lb>ceperunt. </s> <s id="s.000305">In ſingulis igitur millibus paſſuum, <lb></lb>A, altius palmo eſſe debet quàm D, vt in de<lb></lb>cem millibus paſſuum decem palmis. </s> <s id="s.000306">Cauſa <lb></lb>huius eſt, aquę rotunditas euidens, quæ etiam <lb></lb>in vrceorum ſuperficie apparet. </s> <s id="s.000307">Vnde ad li<lb></lb>bramentum licet A, ſit altius quàm D, non <lb></lb>tamen erit altius quandoque loco medio in<lb></lb>ter A & D. </s> <s id="s.000308">Indiget etiam impetu quodam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000309">Sed hæc nunc præter intentum quaſi ſunt: <lb></lb>voluit tamen ob magnitudinem periculi, & <lb></lb>erroris frequentiam, hæc ſubieciſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000310"><margin.target id="marg25"></margin.target>Ratio <expan abbr="ducẽ-dæ">ducen<lb></lb>dæ</expan> aquæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000311">Sed iam ad elementorum motum ſimpli<lb></lb>cem veniamus exemplis explicandum. </s> <s id="s.000312">Igitur <lb></lb>grauis motus exemplum præbent ponderum <lb></lb>horologia, quæ ſenſim trahendo rotas ver<lb></lb>tunt. </s> <s id="s.000313">Huiuſce autem generis infinita facilè <lb></lb>eſſet inuenire exempla. </s> <s id="s.000314">At motus leuis hoc <lb></lb>vnum ſubiiciatur exemplum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg26"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000315"><margin.target id="marg26"></margin.target>Modus quo <lb></lb>naues demer<lb></lb>ſæ gurgitibus <lb></lb><expan abbr="recuperãtur">recuperantur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000316">Cùm naues freto merguntur, quas eruere <lb></lb>conſilium eſt, cymbæ onuſtæ ſaxis per funes <lb></lb>alligantur nauigio ab vrinatoribus, ſic vt <lb></lb>funes quantum fieri poteſt, tendatur, inde <lb></lb>totidem cymbis vacuis lapides ex prioribus <lb></lb>detracti excipiuntur: quo fit vt alleuatæ <lb></lb>cymbæ nauigium paululùm ex profundo ſe<lb></lb>cum trahant. </s> <s id="s.000317">Nam aër cymbas, quæ pondere <lb></lb>lapidum fermè mergebantur, cùm aquæ ſub<lb></lb>eſſe nolit, in ſuperficiem aquæ attollit, vnde <lb></lb>nauigium fermè pro cymbæ altitudine ſupe<lb></lb>riùs trahitur. </s> <s id="s.000318">Trahatur igitur ex A, in B, tunc <lb></lb>cymbæ, quæ plenæ ſunt lapidibus illi anne<lb></lb>ctantur funibus, transfuſiſque lapidibus na<lb></lb>uigium trahetur in C. </s> <s id="s.000319">Rurſus priores cym<lb></lb>bæ, in quas lapides transfudiſti, nectuntur <lb></lb>tenſis funibus nauigio in C, trahéntque de<lb></lb>ductis lapidibus ipſum in D, atque perpetua <lb></lb>tranſmutatione ad aquæ ſuperficiem tandem <lb></lb>deducetur. </s> <s id="s.000320">Sed dices, plurimis cymbis opus <lb></lb>erit ad triremem educendam. </s> <s id="s.000321">Verum eſt, ſed <lb></lb>ratio ſic conſtat: quælibet nauis aut cymba <lb></lb>tantùm ferre poteſt ponderis, quantum eſt <lb></lb>pondus aquæ, quam continere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.000322">Velut <lb></lb>ſi triremis capiat in flumine mille amphoras <lb></lb>aquæ, quarum pondus ſit decem millium ta<lb></lb>lentorum, triremis illa in flumine decem <lb></lb>millia talenta feret. </s> <s id="s.000323">Quòd ſi eadem in mari <lb></lb>capiat ( vt dixi ) eaſdem mille amphoras, <lb></lb>quarum pondus ſit duodecim millium talen<lb></lb>torum (nam aqua maris grauior eſt aqua flu<lb></lb>minis ) eadem in mari duodecim millia ta<lb></lb>lenta ponderis feret. </s> <s id="s.000324">Atque ea ratione mani<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.013.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/013/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>feſtum eſt, cur nauigia appellare ſoleamus à <lb></lb>menſura, vt nauem mille, vel quingentarum <lb></lb>amphorarum: idem enim eſt ac ſi dicas, quæ <lb></lb>ferre poteſt mille aut quingenta ponderis ta<lb></lb>lenta. </s> <s id="s.000325">Nam qualis eſt capacitas, vt dixi, nauis <lb></lb>ratione aquæ, tantùm eſt pondus, quod ferre <lb></lb>poteſt, ſcilicet quantum eſt pondus aquæ <lb></lb>quam capit. </s> <s id="s.000326">Manifeſtum eſt igitur ex hoc, <lb></lb>quòd diuerſa pondera eadem nauis in diuer<lb></lb>ſis aquis feret, quoniam & aquarum ipſarum <lb></lb>diuerſa ſunt pondera. </s> <s id="s.000327">Iuxta verò hanc ratio<lb></lb>nem liquet ponderis magnitudinem eſſe pro <lb></lb>ratione impellentis aquæ. </s> <s id="s.000328">Nam ſi ( vt gratia <lb></lb>exempli dicam) cymba viginti amphoras ſu<lb></lb>ſtinet, hoc eſt, quia aër incluſus ab aquæ am<lb></lb>phoris viginti ſuperiùs impellitur, vt aqua <lb></lb>illa ſcilicet, quæ in naui contineretur, locum <lb></lb>ſuum recipiat. </s> <s id="s.000329">Bellè igitur conuenit hoc ex<lb></lb>perimentum cum ratione, quæ ſuperiùs dicta <lb></lb>eſt, ſcilicet veſicam aëre plenam ab aqua ſur<lb></lb>sùm pelli, quòd veſica aquæ locum occupet: <lb></lb>quare pondus pro magnitudine aquæ, quam <lb></lb>veſica continere poteſt, in aëre ſuſtinebit: id <lb></lb>eſt, ita veſicæ pondere ſuperimpoſito, vt ip<lb></lb>ſum pondus totum in aëre ſit, non in aqua. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000330">Verùm pondus, quod in aqua eſt ( vt ad na<arrow.to.target n="marg27"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uigium eruendum rurſus veniam ) tantò le<lb></lb>uius redditur, quantò aqua ipſa grauior ex<lb></lb>titerit: vnde paucioribus cymbis opus erit, <lb></lb>quàm quæ pondus demerſi nauigij ferre poſ<lb></lb>ſent. </s> <s id="s.000331">Duplici verò ratione nauigia ex gra<lb></lb>uioribus aquis faciliùs extrahuntur, quàm <pb pagenum="365" xlink:href="016/01/014.jpg"></pb>ex leuioribus: atque ideò ex mari, quàm ex <lb></lb>fluminibus, vel lacubus. </s> <s id="s.000332">Altera quòd cymbæ <lb></lb>in mari plus ſuſtinent ponderis: reliqua, quòd <lb></lb>nauigium in ea aqua minùs graue eſt. </s> <s id="s.000333">Opor<lb></lb>tet <expan abbr="hãc">hanc</expan> <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> ob cauſam animaduertere, cùm, <lb></lb>vt dictum eſt, nauigium grauius reddatur in <lb></lb>aquæ ſuperficie <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quia partim eſt in aëre) <lb></lb>quàm in imo, vt quantò magis eleuatur à <lb></lb>cymbis, eò plures ac maiores cymbæ alligen<lb></lb>tur, ne decepti hac ratione non ſolùm denuò <lb></lb>mergatur, ſed & impetu adiecto omnes <expan abbr="ſecũ">ſecum</expan> <lb></lb>cymbas in profundum trahat. </s> <s id="s.000334">Dubitabit au<lb></lb>tem aliquis, cur exoneratis cymbis B, imple<lb></lb>tis autem aliis, per A, ſignificantur, non deſ<lb></lb>cendat nauis, quæ eleuata fuit ab A, cymbis <lb></lb>vacuis? </s> <s id="s.000335">Non enim plenæ poſſunt ſuſtinere <lb></lb>pondus. </s> <s id="s.000336">Cauſa eſt, quia factis iam funibus <lb></lb>æqualibus cymbarum A, & B, cùm iam va<lb></lb>cuum ſeu inane, vel aër, qui in cymbis con<lb></lb>tinetur potentior ſit nauis pondere, plus tra<lb></lb>het inane cymbarum B, quàm remittet gra<lb></lb>uitas aucti poderis cymbarum A. </s> <s id="s.000337">Itaque hac <lb></lb>ratione perpetuò nauis aſcendet: hoc dunta<lb></lb>xat obſeruato, vt plenarum cymbarum funes <lb></lb>eò ſint vacuarum cymbarum funibus breuio<lb></lb>res, quantò pondus lapidum eas cymbas de<lb></lb>primit. </s> <s id="s.000338">Sed de ſimplici leuis motu ſurſum ſa<lb></lb>tis, nunc de motu, qui ex graui & leui com<lb></lb>ponitur, dicendum erit. </s> <s id="s.000339">Pro cuius exemplo <lb></lb>mirificè ſe offert Heronis machina, quam <lb></lb>nos ſæpè tractauimus. </s> <s id="s.000340">Ea ſic ſe habet: A, la<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg28"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.014.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/014/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>brum aqua plenum: ſub quo vas B, & ipſum <lb></lb>aqua plenum, ſit iunctum A, vt ex altero in <lb></lb>alterum aqua permeare non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.000341">Sub B, vas <lb></lb>aliud, quod vocetur C, inane. </s> <s id="s.000342">Fiſtula D, fera<lb></lb>tur ex B, in C, cuius ſummum os fermè ad <lb></lb>labrum perueniat. </s> <s id="s.000343">Fiſtula alia E, quæ ſuper <lb></lb>labrum non parùm aſcendat, & inſerta labro, <lb></lb>in medio penetret vſque ad imum primi va<lb></lb>ſis, non tamen ipſi imo iungatur. </s> <s id="s.000344">Alia fiſtula <lb></lb>F, cuius ſupremum in imo labri oſculum <expan abbr="ſitũ">ſitum</expan> <lb></lb>ſit, inferiùs os in ipſo ſepto inter duo vaſa fi<lb></lb>niatur, ita <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> vt aqua ex labro per ſuperius <lb></lb>os in vas C, deferatur. </s> <s id="s.000345">Tunc verò videmus <lb></lb><expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan>, quę eſt in B, vaſe, per E, fiſtulam emitti, <lb></lb>ac eò donec finiatur labri aqua vſque perſe<lb></lb>uerare. </s> <s id="s.000346">Id quomodo fiat ex duobus motibus <lb></lb>compoſitis demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.000347">Aqua deſcen<lb></lb>dens per F, fiſtulam, cùm aër in C, non poſſit <lb></lb>ſubſiſtere, aſcendit per D, fiſtulam in vas B, <lb></lb>ſuperiùs. </s> <s id="s.000348">At verò cum ibi locus aqua plenus <lb></lb>ſit, cogitur aqua aſcendere per E, fiſtulam <lb></lb>preſſa ab aëre, atque ſic effunditur. </s> <s id="s.000349">Manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt igitur hîc duos eſſe motus: vnum ſe<lb></lb>cundum naturam aquæ deſcendentis ex labro <lb></lb>in C, vas per F, fiſtulam, alterum aëris aſcen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg29"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dentis ex vaſe C, in vas B, quod <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dictum <lb></lb>eſt) ab aqua ſursùm impellatur. </s> <s id="s.000350">Ab his igitur <lb></lb>duobus motibus naturalibus violentius im<lb></lb>petus fit quo aqua ex vaſe B, per fiſtulam <lb></lb>aſcendit. </s> <s id="s.000351">Verùm motus grauis dum repetit <lb></lb>alternatim folles mouet, aut alias machinas, <lb></lb>quòd in machina Cteſibica demonſtrare <lb></lb>oportunum erat, vt emboli maſculi viciſſim <lb></lb>in modiolis aſcendere, deſcenderétque poſ<lb></lb>ſent. </s> <s id="s.000352">Id autem ſic fit: Rota cum pinnis iux<lb></lb>ta aquæ delabentis caſum ( vt ſolet fieri) ſta<lb></lb>tuatur, vt ex aquæ perpetuo defluxu ſuper <lb></lb>pinnas rota circumuoluatur, in qua ſit axis <lb></lb>A, quem palàm eſt neceſſe fore, vt & ipſe <lb></lb>circumagatur. </s> <s id="s.000353">Rotæ deſcriptionem, vt rem <lb></lb>notiſſimam ac in molis omnibus conſpi<lb></lb>cuam, prætermitto. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000354"><margin.target id="marg27"></margin.target>Nauigia fa<lb></lb>ciliùs ex ma<lb></lb>ri, extrahi, <lb></lb>quàm flumi<lb></lb>nibus vel la<lb></lb>cubus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000355"><margin.target id="marg28"></margin.target>Machina <lb></lb>Heronis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000356"><margin.target id="marg29"></margin.target>De motu al<lb></lb>lernante.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.014.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/014/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000357">Trabs ſuperiacens tignis atque incluſa fo<lb></lb>raminibus rotundis vocetur B, ita vt mobilis <lb></lb>ſit, ac vt in cardinibus circumuolui poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000358">Iuxta huius extremum E, annulus infixus, cui <lb></lb>alter annulus cum ferrea virga F: hæ rurſus <lb></lb>in annulum finiatur, quem excipiat alter an<lb></lb>nulus G, virga H, annexus: in extremo H, an<lb></lb>nulus iunctus eſt, qui vnco ita annectitur in <lb></lb>ſummitate axis A, vt ſecum moueatur, ſed <lb></lb>redeunte axe, redit & annulus ad priſtinum <lb></lb>locum ac ſitum. </s> <s id="s.000359">Ex altera trabis parte duo <lb></lb>annuli ex aduerſo collocantur C, & D. </s> <s id="s.000360">Licet <lb></lb>& bis duos & tria paria ſic ex aduerſo collo<lb></lb>care. </s> <s id="s.000361">Si igitur emboli aut folles alter C, fune <lb></lb>iungatur, alter D, circumuoluto axe, trahitur <lb></lb>primum trabs verſus D, túncque eleuatur <lb></lb>follium alter ex C, altero cadente D. </s> <s id="s.000362">Quum <lb></lb>verò rota dimidium axis circumuertit, annu<lb></lb>lus in imo H, redit ad locum ſuperiorem & <lb></lb>impellit E, propter virgas, & trabs flectitur <lb></lb>verſus C, atque ſic mutata vice folles mo<lb></lb>uentur. </s> <s id="s.000363">Nutat enim trabs dextra ac ſiniſtra <lb></lb>viciſſim, ſed non circumuoluitur. </s> <s id="s.000364">Ergo licet <lb></lb>multa paria follium annulis multis in trabe <lb></lb>ex aduerſo collocatis mouere, ſed robuſta vi <lb></lb>aquæ opus eſt. </s> <s id="s.000365">Licet & eidem axi alteram <lb></lb>trabem, quod fabri facere ſolent à ſiniſtra <lb></lb>iungere, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ſic numerus <expan abbr="folliũ">follium</expan> duplicabitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000366">Nec alio opus eſt auxilio, aliáve <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> quæ in <lb></lb>vno patefacta eſt induſtria, ſed ſola maiore vi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000367">Sed motuum tranſlatio, quæ ſolet in vſu <lb></lb>eſſe, tùm in molendinis, tum horologiis, <lb></lb>quamvis vulgata, tamen ſubtiliori conſtat <lb></lb>ratione. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.014.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/014/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg30"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000368"><margin.target id="marg30"></margin.target>Motuum <lb></lb>tranſlatio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000369">Sit igitur rota AB, quæ circumagi poſſit <pb pagenum="366" xlink:href="016/01/015.jpg"></pb>alia rota cum paxillis, vt in molendinis fieri <lb></lb>ſolet aut manubrio C, dentes verò in eius <lb></lb>exteriore ſuperficie reſpicientes cylindrum <lb></lb>ſeu columnam FG, erectam ad perpendicu<lb></lb>lum plani F H. </s> <s id="s.000370">In quo plano etiam rota ſu<lb></lb>perſtans fixum habet palum, cui axis infi<lb></lb>gitur. </s> <s id="s.000371">In FG, autem columna, DE, cur<lb></lb>riculum dentatum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000372">Itaque quum rota <lb></lb>A B, circumuertitur ſuper axe CK, motu <lb></lb>ex A, in B, ſeu A, ſurſum deorſum, F G, <lb></lb>cylindrus circumuertitur ex D E, verſus <lb></lb>K, ſeu ex dextro in ſiniſtrum, quare con<lb></lb>tingit tranſlatio motus, quæ erit eò velo<lb></lb>cior, quò numerus dentium A B, rotæ, <lb></lb>plures continebit dentes circuli D E. </s> <s id="s.000373">His <lb></lb>autem vtemur ad machinæ Auguſtanæ in<lb></lb>tellectum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000374">His modò viſis, poſtquam ſermonem de <lb></lb>motibus omnibus generalibus fermè abſol<lb></lb>uimus, quarto exemplo in libramento aqua<lb></lb>rum declarato, Heronis autem machina in <lb></lb>compoſitis elementorum motibus ſatisfa<lb></lb>ciente, vt in vniuerſum pro decem modis <lb></lb>decem exempla ſubiecerim, colligere illa in <lb></lb>vnum breuiter operæ pretium erit. </s> <s id="s.000375">Quieti <lb></lb>ob raritatem lucernæ exemplum appoſui<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.000376">Motui à raritate fiſtulam in vaſe col<lb></lb>locatam, vbi de aquæ deſcenſu egimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000377">Quieti ob denſitatem plumbi laminam, tum <lb></lb>coria ſuper aquam ſparſa. </s> <s id="s.000378">Motui ob denſi<lb></lb>tatem impulſum bellicarum machinarum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000379">Motui attractionis ob raritatem, & impul<lb></lb>ſus ob denſitatem, in Cteſibica machina. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000380">Vtriuſque verò motus, tum etiam quietis <lb></lb>ob raritatem, Brambilica machina exem<lb></lb>plum erit. </s> <s id="s.000381">Motus leuis elementi, nauigij re<lb></lb>cuperationem: grauis verò, ſimplicis horo<lb></lb>logiorum motum ſubiecimus. </s> <s id="s.000382">Grauis, ſed <lb></lb>ſæpiùs repetiti, follium alternam iactatio<lb></lb>nem. </s> <s id="s.000383">Grauis ac leuis ſimul ad vnum finem <lb></lb>tendentium, Heronis machinam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000384">Ergo ſic poterat videri tractatio hæc ab<lb></lb>ſoluta: ſed non omnia ſumpſimus genera. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000385">Decem enim hæc exempla duobus conti<lb></lb>nentur generibus: altero, quòd vnum tan<lb></lb>tùm habet motorem, vt Heronis machina: <lb></lb>reliquo, quod duos, ſed diuerſos habet mo<lb></lb>tores, vt Brambilica. </s> <s id="s.000386">Supereſt tertium ge<lb></lb>nus, in quo illæ continentur machinæ, quæ <lb></lb>plures habent motores, ſed non diuerſos: <lb></lb>quod quidem videtur eſſe nobiliſſimum, quia <lb></lb>motui principali, ſeu <foreign lang="grc">αὐτοκινέτῳ</foreign> magis aſſi<lb></lb>milatur. </s> <s id="s.000387">Contingit is motus, quum aqua, <lb></lb>gratia exempli, rotam, qua aqua effunditur <arrow.to.target n="marg31"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verterit. </s> <s id="s.000388">Atque hoc in genere primum eſt <lb></lb>Archimedis inuentum Cochlea appellata, <lb></lb>cuius meminit Diodorus Siculus in antiqua <lb></lb>hiſtoria bis, dicens Ægyptum ſiccatam <lb></lb>beneficio cochleæ ab Archimede inuentæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000389">Quod ſi ita eſt, cùm Archimedes ſecundi <lb></lb>belli Punici temporibus floruerit, neſcio <lb></lb>quo pacto antiquo tempore bene potuerit <lb></lb>Ægyptus habitari. </s> <s id="s.000390">Vtcunque tamen res ſe <lb></lb>habeat, inſtrumentum id nobiliſſimum pro<lb></lb>culdubio eſt, atque tali artifice haud indi<lb></lb>gnum. </s> <s id="s.000391">Meminit huius Vitruuius in fine ſui <lb></lb>operis. </s> <s id="s.000392">Sed Galeaz de Rubeis ciuis noſter, <lb></lb>fabérque ferrarius, cuius infrà mentionem <lb></lb>facturi ſumus, cùm iam olim inuentam ip<lb></lb>ſe, quaſi primus auctor exiſtimaret reperiſſe, <lb></lb>præ lætitia inſaniuit. </s> <s id="s.000393">Vidimus illum verſan<lb></lb>tem truſatilem machinam, ac paulò pòſt <lb></lb>mente excuſſum. </s> <s id="s.000394">Erat autem machina <lb></lb>talis: </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000395"><margin.target id="marg31"></margin.target>Cochlea Ar<lb></lb>chimedis.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.015.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/015/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000396">Lignum A H, ſolidum, rectum, rotun<lb></lb>dum, æqualéque, ac tam longum vt incli<lb></lb>natum ad ſuperficiem aquæ, infixúmque <lb></lb>alueo quantum opus eſt, ſupra ipſam aquam <lb></lb>promineat, canali ( vt vides ) metallico <lb></lb>ſimplici, ad cochleæ imaginem fabricato, <lb></lb>circumtegatur. </s> <s id="s.000397">Sunt qui multiplici vtantur: <lb></lb>tres mihi neceſſarij eſſe videntur, quique <lb></lb>adeò ſenſim aſcendant, vt omnia ſpatia com<lb></lb>pleantur. </s> <s id="s.000398">Duo ora habet canalis, inferius <lb></lb>quidem latius, anguſtius quod ſuperius eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000399">Vocetur autem illud K. </s> <s id="s.000400">Demonſtrandum <lb></lb>eſt igitur, quòd vbi terminis A & H ti<lb></lb>gnum claudatur, ita vt circumuerti poſſit, <lb></lb>quod motu aquæ circumuertetur. </s> <s id="s.000401">Secundò, <lb></lb>quòd vbi circumagatur aqua aſcendet, ef<lb></lb>fundeturque per K. </s> <s id="s.000402">Nam pinnæ quæ additæ <lb></lb>ſunt B C D E F G, ſeu inter ſpatia alter<lb></lb>utrinque, ſeu in coniunctionibus tigni cum <lb></lb>canali, occurrentes aquæ, neceſſariò ver<lb></lb>tent illud inſtrumentum: quia augeri poſſunt <lb></lb>longitudine ac latitudine: pondus verò AH, <lb></lb>paruum eſt, & longè minus etiam factum <lb></lb>ob inclinationem, & axes in annulis poſi<lb></lb>tos, ita vt circumagi poſſint. </s> <s id="s.000403">Oſtendunt id <lb></lb>etiam molæ in fluminibus Pado atque Tici<lb></lb>no, vbi quanquam leniſſimè fluant aquæ, <lb></lb>hoc tamen ingenio lapides molares circum<lb></lb>acti terunt, ac molunt triticum. </s> <s id="s.000404">Sed quòd <lb></lb>aqua ipſa aſcendat ex L, in K, patet: quum <lb></lb>enim L, eleuatur, pars quæ ſuccedit fit humi<lb></lb>lior, igitur aqua deſcendet, qua aſcendente <lb></lb>iterum pars ſuccedens deſcendit: eadémque <lb></lb>ratio ſemper oſtendit <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> verſus K, tendere: <lb></lb>hócque experimento pulcherrimè congruit, <lb></lb>& nos non ſemel periculum de hoc fecimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000405">Conuerſo igitur axe ſeu tigno in fœmineis <lb></lb>cardinibus A, & H, in quibus intruditur, <lb></lb>donec aqua canalis impletus fuerit, effun<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg32"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>deretur per K, ſuper planum ripæ. </s> <s id="s.000406">Ex quo <lb></lb>non videtur hæc ratio concludere, aqua <lb></lb>perpetuò deſcendit, igitur in fine erit in hu<lb></lb>miliore loco, quàm in initio. </s> <s id="s.000407">Sed tamen non <lb></lb>ſemper deſcendit, verùm pars quæ deſcen<lb></lb>dit maior, impellit minorem, cogitque aſ<lb></lb>cendere. </s> <s id="s.000408">At cùm effundi cœperit, tunc tam <lb></lb>machina faciliùs vertetur, & aqua quaſi <lb></lb>ſponte effluet, propter ea, quæ de aquæ deſ<lb></lb>cenſu iam demonſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.000409">Sunt qui canali <lb></lb>tabulas affigant, nectántque omnia ſimul, <lb></lb>vt machina robuſtior ac firmior euadat, pa<lb></lb>xillos tabulis, non tigno, ob commodita<lb></lb>tem maiorem inſerentes. </s> <s id="s.000410">Dubitabit autem <lb></lb>meritò aliquis, cur aſcendente parte canalis <lb></lb>iuxta B, cùm tam L, quàm C, deſcendant, <lb></lb>aqua non non redeat in L, & rurſus effun<lb></lb>datur ( nam L, humilior eſt quàm C, ) & <lb></lb>ex eadem parte. </s> <s id="s.000411">Duplex huius ratio eſt: al<lb></lb>tera, quòd aqua quæ eſt in B, impellitur <pb pagenum="367" xlink:href="016/01/016.jpg"></pb>ab ea, quæ eſt eſt in L, ideo tranſit ad C, <lb></lb>& non redit: reliqua Geometrica, oſtendens <lb></lb>partem mediam inter L, & B, in conuer<lb></lb>ſione altiorem eſſe, quàm ſit pars media in<lb></lb>ter B, & O. </s> <s id="s.000412">Indicio etiam eſt, quòd plum<lb></lb>bea ſphærula impoſita, cùm à nulla alia re <lb></lb>prematur, aſcendit tamen in K. </s> <s id="s.000413">Et demon<lb></lb>ſtratio hæc eſt: Sit tignum A B, in plano <lb></lb>A C, eleuatio partis A D, tigni ſit D C, <lb></lb>eius partis cochleæ pars correſpondens AE, <lb></lb>& altitudo DE, ſit gratia exempli ſeſquial<lb></lb>tera DC, & ducatur recta AE, erunt igitur <lb></lb>omnes lineæ inter A D, & A C, minores <lb></lb>lineis è directo conſtitutis inter AD, & AE, <lb></lb>ex demonſtratis in ſexto elementorum Eu<lb></lb>clidis: <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.016.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/016/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg33"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000414"><margin.target id="marg32"></margin.target>Aliquid per<lb></lb>petuò <expan abbr="deſcẽ-dit">deſcen<lb></lb>dit</expan>, quod in <lb></lb>fine erit al<lb></lb>tius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000415"><margin.target id="marg33"></margin.target>Demonſtratio <lb></lb>oſtendens <lb></lb>quod cochlea <lb></lb>verſa graue <lb></lb>aſcendit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000416">Circumuertatur igitur AB, ita vt quando <lb></lb>E, erit in humillimo loco, pondus rotun<lb></lb>dum in A, poſitum ſit in directo D. </s> <s id="s.000417">Quia <lb></lb>igitur D E, longior eſt D C, igitur ſi E, <lb></lb>erit in oppoſito ſui loci, erit infrà C: ſed <lb></lb>C, eſt in directo A, igitur pondus erit in<lb></lb>feriùs quàm ab initio: ſed omnes lineæ ſer<lb></lb>uant eandem rationem, & ſunt longiores <lb></lb>etiam in circumferentia A E, quàm in re<lb></lb>cta A E, à linea A D, quia pars eſt minor <lb></lb>toto: igitur conuerſo A B, pondus deſcen<lb></lb>det in AE. </s> <s id="s.000418">Sed omne graue liberum in mo<lb></lb>tu deſcendit, igitur pondus perueniet ad E. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000419">Sed quum erit in E, circumactum deſcen<lb></lb>det verſus F, non verſus A, tum ob impe<lb></lb>tum, tum quia pars quæ eſt inter A, & E, <lb></lb>aſcendit, nam in priore motu deſcenderat: <lb></lb>pars autem E F, adhuc deſcendit, igitur <lb></lb>pondus perueniet ex H, in A, quare ex A, in <lb></lb>B, multis conuerſionibus eadem ratione fa<lb></lb>ctis. </s> <s id="s.000420">Facilè autem ligula circumdata calamo <lb></lb>hoc, quod tibi perdifficile forſan videtur, ex<lb></lb>perieris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000421">Sed ad rem reuertor. </s> <s id="s.000422">Cochlea quam Vi<lb></lb>truuius docet, alieno indiget auxilio, hæc <lb></lb>autem noſtra ſeipſam circunducit: ſed eò <lb></lb>faciliùs, quò ſpiræ canalis frequentiores <lb></lb>fuerint, & machina mollius aſcenderit. </s> <s id="s.000423">Quò <lb></lb>verò faciliùs circumagetur, eò ſerius: hoc <lb></lb>enim fermè generale eſt in omnibus machi<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.000424">Ita contrariis rationibus celeriter aquam <lb></lb>tranſmittet, ſed difficiliùs reuertetur. </s> <s id="s.000425">Por<lb></lb>rò difficultas facit vt machinæ magis atte<lb></lb>rantur, & aquarum multitudine ac impetu <lb></lb>indigeamus. </s> <s id="s.000426">Verùm celeritatem cum diffi<lb></lb>cutate eligemus, vbi torrens fuerit, & ripa<lb></lb>rum altitudo immodica. </s> <s id="s.000427">Nam ſi inſtrumen<lb></lb>ti aſcenſus mollis fuerit, reddetur inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum ob longitudinem grauiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.000428">Eadem <lb></lb>in magnitudine & prauitate ratio. </s> <s id="s.000429">Nam par<lb></lb>uum facilè circumagitur, ſed ſerò irrigat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000430">Vſus eius vbi modica terra eſt irriganda, & <lb></lb>flumen profundum, & leniter currit, & ripæ <lb></lb>altiores. </s> <s id="s.000431">In contrariis cauſis magnis vtemur <lb></lb>machinis. <arrow.to.target n="marg34"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000432"><margin.target id="marg34"></margin.target>Machina <lb></lb>Auguſtana.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000433">Eſt & alius machinæ modus ( vt intelli<lb></lb>go ) Auguſtæ, qui tamen ſub hoc genere <lb></lb>comprehenditur. </s> <s id="s.000434">Columna verſatilis A B, <lb></lb>rota cum paxillis vertitur à flumine, iuxta <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.016.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/016/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>rationem à nobis ſuperiùs declaratam, dum <lb></lb>de motuum tranſlatione ageremus. </s> <s id="s.000435">In ea <lb></lb>curriculi pro numero cochlearum, gratia <lb></lb>exempli, CDEFGHK, & cochleæ pro nu<lb></lb>mero vaſorum, & vaſa pro altitudine: vaſa <lb></lb>autem LMNOPQR, fixa in columna ST. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000436">Verſa A B, vertuntur in curriculis cochleæ <lb></lb>omnes, quarum infima C, haurit aquam <lb></lb>ex ſubiecto flumine, & transfundit eam in <lb></lb>vas L, à quo haurit cochlea D, transfun<lb></lb>dens aquam in vas M, atque ita vno motu <lb></lb>columnæ A B, C in L, D in M, E in N, <lb></lb>F in O, G in P, H in Q, K in R, aquam <lb></lb>fundunt, haurientes è ſubiectis vaſis. </s> <s id="s.000437">R, au<lb></lb>tem transfert aquam per os V, in locum de<lb></lb>ſtinatum. </s> <s id="s.000438">Contingit rurſus dubitatio: quia <lb></lb>cochleæ ore ſuperiore aſcendente, aquam <lb></lb>mittere haud debent. </s> <s id="s.000439">Quamobrem primam <lb></lb>triplicem fecimus. </s> <s id="s.000440">Sed videntur ſubſultem <lb></lb>effundere dum aſcendunt: quia ( vt demon<lb></lb>ſtratum eſt) partes deſcendunt, & aqua tota <lb></lb>deſcendit, quam ob cauſam compreſſa exi<lb></lb>lit: ſed non quemadmodum ore cochleæ <lb></lb>deſcendente, ſed pluribus circa eundem axem <lb></lb>cochleis poſitis, fit continua non ſolùm, <lb></lb>ſed æqualis aquarum effuſio. </s> <s id="s.000441">Atque hæc de <lb></lb>machinis iuxta prima genera, & ſpecies di<lb></lb>cta ſint. </s> <s id="s.000442">Sed poſtquàm de motibus natura<lb></lb>libus ſermonem habuimus, qui in loco <lb></lb>fiunt, par eſt vt quid ſit locus intelligamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000443">Nam & hoc eſſe quintum naturalium rerum <lb></lb>principium ſuppoſitum eſt: ſuppoſitones au<lb></lb>tem hæ, ſecundùm ſenſum demonſtrationi<lb></lb>bus ipſis ſunt firmiores. </s> <s id="s.000444">Quid igitur ſit locus, <lb></lb>ſciendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000445">Eſt igitur locus, vltima corpo<arrow.to.target n="marg35"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ris ſuperficies, corpus contentum ambiens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000446">Manet autem recedente corpore, quia ad cœ<lb></lb>li ambitum comparata eſt. </s> <s id="s.000447">Manifeſtum eſt <lb></lb>igitur, locum quemlibet æqualem eſſe cor<lb></lb>pori in eo contento ad vnguem: & quòd om<lb></lb>ne corpus eſt in loco, & quòd in omni loco <lb></lb>aliquod corpus eſt. </s> <s id="s.000448">Nam omne corpus ſuam <lb></lb>habet extremam ſuperficiem, & illa vbi nul<lb></lb>lum aliud ſit corpus à quo contineatur vt vl<lb></lb>timum, cœlum eſt ei locus: alia autem cor-<pb pagenum="368" xlink:href="016/01/017.jpg"></pb>pora ab alio continentur. </s> <s id="s.000449">Sed locus eſſe non <lb></lb>poteſt eadem ratione ſine corpore, ſi omnis <lb></lb>locus eſt vltima ſuperficies continens cor<lb></lb>pus. </s> <s id="s.000450">Eſt etiam locus ipſe æternus, quia or<lb></lb>bis cœleſtis ſuperficies extrema immota eſt, <lb></lb>vt corpus ipſum continet atque vniuerſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000451">Locus igitur vt in vniuerſo, æternus eſt & <lb></lb>immobilis, ac immutabilis: vt autem cor<lb></lb>poris certi ſuperficies, mutatur corporum <lb></lb>mutatione, nec manet. </s> <s id="s.000452">Locus igitur vbi <lb></lb>Alexander ſedit in Babylonica, vel Suſis, <lb></lb>adhuc manet, ſed nunc in aëre erat in ciui<lb></lb>tate atque domo, nunc autem forſan in <lb></lb>agro, atque etiam ſub terra. </s> <s id="s.000453">Eſt vbi in <lb></lb>Roſtris facundiſſimus Cicero perorauit, <lb></lb>locus manet, at tunc propter terram in <lb></lb>aëre fuit, nunc autem creſcente forſitan <lb></lb>terra, ſub ipſa terra. </s> <s id="s.000454">Et in quolibet loco <lb></lb>nunc viciſſitudinibus temporum id agenti<lb></lb>bus infiniti erunt homines, aliáſque fuêre, <lb></lb>ſi vera eſt opinio Ariſtotelis de mundi æter<lb></lb>nitate. </s> <s id="s.000455">Tria igitur ſunt ſemper nobiſcum <lb></lb>æterna, mens, hyle, & locus. </s> <s id="s.000456">Sed men<lb></lb>tem mutare, aut materiam non licet, locum <lb></lb>mutare licet, & alium adipiſci. </s> <s id="s.000457">Quocun<lb></lb>que igitur perrexerimus, ad rem æternam <lb></lb>imus. </s> <s id="s.000458">Et nunc locus in quo ſcribo æternus <lb></lb>eſt, atque in eo complures forſan fuêre re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg36"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ges, aut ſapientes. </s> <s id="s.000459">Cùm enim principia <lb></lb>rerum naturalium ſint quinque, materia <lb></lb>ſeu hyle, forma, anima, locus, motus: <lb></lb>tempus autem non eſt principium, ſed mo<lb></lb>tum ſequitur: proximum autem videtur eſſe <lb></lb>principio, quia nihil ſine ipſo fit: de hoc au<lb></lb>tem poſteriùs dicemus. </s> <s id="s.000460">Quies quoquè non <lb></lb>eſt principium, ſed principij priuatio, vt <lb></lb>mors, frigus, ſiccitas. </s> <s id="s.000461">Repugnantia item <lb></lb>corporum atque inane ſeu vacuum, non ſunt <lb></lb>principia, à forma enim pendêre hæc, de<lb></lb>monſtrauimus, & aliàs etiam demonſtrabi<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.000462">Horum igitur principiorum nul<lb></lb>lum non eſt ſecundùm genus æternum <lb></lb>& primum, aliter non poſſent eſſe princi<lb></lb>pia. </s> <s id="s.000463">Sed per ſe æterna ſunt mens, hyle & <lb></lb>locus. </s> <s id="s.000464">Forma & motus parte æterna in cœ<lb></lb>leſtibus, parte mortalia in his, quæ ſub lunæ <lb></lb>cælo ſunt conſtituta. </s> <s id="s.000465">Anima verò parte qua<lb></lb>dam, qua intelligit, æterna, reliqua mor<lb></lb>talis eſt. </s> <s id="s.000466">Expers corporis eſt mens, locus & <lb></lb>motus. </s> <s id="s.000467">Sed mens abſoluitur omninò à cor<lb></lb>pore, motus ſine corpore non eſt. </s> <s id="s.000468">Anima <lb></lb>autem, hyle & forma, cum corpore neceſſa<lb></lb>riò ſunt. </s> <s id="s.000469">Anima tamen non videtur pars il<lb></lb>lius. </s> <s id="s.000470">Quòd verò plura eſſe non poſſint princi<lb></lb>pia, ex hoc demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.000471">Nam quæ ſunt, <lb></lb>quædam viuunt, quædam non. </s> <s id="s.000472">Reguntur <lb></lb>autem omnia atque fiunt, tum manet. </s> <s id="s.000473">Cor<lb></lb>pus igitur in loco manet. </s> <s id="s.000474">Fiunt autem ex <lb></lb>materia atque forma. </s> <s id="s.000475">Reguntur autem ab <lb></lb>anima, quæ in nobilioribus mens eſt, & à <lb></lb>corpore ſeparata: in corporibus autem, vitæ <lb></lb>principium. </s> <s id="s.000476">Sed cauſa qua manent eſt motus, <lb></lb>item generationis, & reliquorum. </s> <s id="s.000477">Omnia <lb></lb>hæc cùm ſint quidam motus, & vt fiunt, & vt <lb></lb>manent, igitur motus principium eſt. </s> <s id="s.000478">De <lb></lb>principiis ſecundùm ſenſum, & vt ad hanc <lb></lb>pertinebat tractationem, hæc docuiſſe hacte<lb></lb>nus ſufficiat: non enim hoc modo priuatio <lb></lb>principium eſt. </s> <s id="s.000479">Supereſt nunc, vt declaremus, <lb></lb>vacuum non dari, præter rationes tres ſenſi<lb></lb>biles ſuperiùs adductas, hoc diligentiùs nunc <lb></lb>demonſtrantes. </s> <s id="s.000480">Oſtenſum erit & pari ratio<lb></lb>ne de corporum repugnantia, quicquid ſupe<lb></lb>riùs ſuppoſuimus: nam neque in eodem loco <lb></lb>duo corpora, nec corpus vnum in duobus <lb></lb>locis, nec corpore locum eſſe poſſe diximus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000481">Nunc igitur hoc vltimo denuò demonſtrua<lb></lb>to, reliqua etiam erunt manifeſta: neque <lb></lb>enim in hoc libro ſingula demonſtrare, ſed <lb></lb>res per capita tractare propoſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000482">Pri<lb></lb>múm igitur vacuum non eſt: quomodo igi<lb></lb>tur quod non eſt, efficere quicquam po<lb></lb>terit? </s> <s id="s.000483">Deinde ſi eſſe ponatur, ſubſtantia <lb></lb>non eſt vacuum, neque à ſubſtantia profi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg37"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciſcitur, & vt vno verbo abſoluam, nihil <lb></lb>eſt, atque ideo nullam poterit habere ope<lb></lb>rationem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000484"><margin.target id="marg35"></margin.target>Locus quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000485"><margin.target id="marg36"></margin.target><expan abbr="Principiorũ">Principiorum</expan> <lb></lb>naturalium <lb></lb>diuiſio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000486"><margin.target id="marg37"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio, quia nul<lb></lb>lus motus eſt <lb></lb>à vacuo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000487">Forſan dicet quiſpiam, naturam metu <lb></lb>vacui, ſeu vt illud euitet, motum ciere. </s> <s id="s.000488">Sed <lb></lb>neque iſtud: nam quum aër rarior aqua ſit, <lb></lb>oportuit primò antequàm fiat attractio va<lb></lb>cui ratione, quum aqua aſcendit aquæ con<lb></lb>ſecutione, priorem aquam in aërem verti, <lb></lb>húncque rurſus in ignem, qui aëre rarior eſt: <lb></lb>deinde ipſum ignem attenuari, demum fieri <lb></lb>hanc attractionem. </s> <s id="s.000489">Sed nos videmus, aquam <lb></lb>non verti in aërem, ſed trahere: ſimiliter <lb></lb>aërem, antequam in ignem tranſeat: non igi<lb></lb>tur metu vacui, quum adhuc ſuperſint tot <lb></lb>intermedia, ſed metu raritatis natura moli<lb></lb>tur eam attractionem, quam à vacuo appel<lb></lb>lant. </s> <s id="s.000490">Nec eſt vt eam cum Auerroë, violen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg38"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tam dicam: nam ipſa prorſus eſt naturalis, <lb></lb>ſicut & motus aquæ, quum in aëre fuerit & <lb></lb>deſcendit: violenter enim quieſcit, & ideo <lb></lb>naturaliter mouetur. </s> <s id="s.000491">Sic elementum, quod <lb></lb>raritatis cauſa trahit, violentiam patitur, à <lb></lb>qua motu illo ſe liberat. </s> <s id="s.000492">Quòd verò eo motu <lb></lb>graue ſurſum trahatur, contingit caſu, eſt que <lb></lb>ei quod trahitur, quandoque violentum, & <lb></lb>quandoque non, velut ſi leue ſurſum traha<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.000493">Satis eſt motum ex principio ipſo eſſe <lb></lb>naturalem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000494"><margin.target id="marg38"></margin.target>Motus at<lb></lb>tractionis à <lb></lb>raritate, non <lb></lb>eſt <expan abbr="violẽtus">violentus</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000495">Vt inuito, vel ſaltem non iuuante paſſo <lb></lb>fit? </s> <s id="s.000496">Imò quod mouetur ad locum, ſpontè <lb></lb>mouetur, vt elementum aut mixtum, non vt <lb></lb>graue, aut leue. </s> <s id="s.000497">Obliuiſcitur enim propriæ <lb></lb>naturæ, quòd ſic mouetur conſenſu alterius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000498">Velut qui filium hortatur ad vitæ pericu<lb></lb>lum, dum muri vrbis ab hoſte oppugnan<lb></lb>tur, pietatem exercet: vbi communis cau<lb></lb>ſa non impelleret, id agens crudelis habe<lb></lb>retur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000499">Sed iam ad motus grauium veniamus. </s> <s id="s.000500">Hic <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg39"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>autem liber eſt, aut fit pondere alligato, vt in <lb></lb>libra & ſtatera. </s> <s id="s.000501">Quæri ſolet, cur pondera <lb></lb>ponderibus magis agitantur? </s> <s id="s.000502">nam manu<lb></lb>brio A, agitetur ſuper furculam C, pondus <lb></lb>B. </s> <s id="s.000503">Conſtat quòd ſi addatur pondus ipſi ma<lb></lb>nubrio, vtpote plumbum vſque ad certam <lb></lb>metam, faciliùs deſcendere à lateribus ad <lb></lb>medium adiuuante pondere: at contrà diffi<lb></lb>cilius moueri à medio ad latera. </s> <s id="s.000504">Ob id, pon<lb></lb>deris meta quædam habenda eſt, vſque ad <lb></lb>quam motus facilitas augetur. </s> <s id="s.000505">Hanc tamen <lb></lb>ſi tranſcendas, motus redditur difficilior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000506">Hac ratione capulos enſibus grauiores ad<lb></lb>dunt, vt enſes videantur leuiores, faciliúſ<lb></lb>que tractentur. </s> <s id="s.000507">Sed & hîc modus ſeruan<lb></lb>dus eſt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="369" xlink:href="016/01/018.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000508"><margin.target id="marg39"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>pondera fa<lb></lb>cile mouean<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.018.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/018/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000509">Adiecimus hoc, quia pleraque inſtrumen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg40"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta hauriendis aquis idonea, hominum aut <lb></lb>iumentorum viribus aguntur. </s> <s id="s.000510">Sed etſi ipſa<lb></lb>rum aquarum rapido impetu agitentur ma<lb></lb>chinæ, rurſus addita manubriis pondera fa<lb></lb>ciliorum efficiunt motum. </s> <s id="s.000511">Licet itaque ſolo <lb></lb>impetu aquarum defluentium, aquas ipſas in <lb></lb>ſuprema loca impellere, atque ægros humi<lb></lb>lioribus aquis irrigare. </s> <s id="s.000512">Sed hoc tantùm in <lb></lb>his quæ decurrunt, & impetum labendo ha<lb></lb>bent. </s> <s id="s.000513">Aptetur enim à latere vno Cteſibica, <lb></lb>aut Brambilica, aut alterius generis machi<lb></lb>na: nam ( vt dixi ) innumeri poſſunt eſſe <lb></lb>modi earum, quanquam hæ omnibus aliis, <lb></lb>coclea excepta, ſint elegantiores: & ( vtiam <lb></lb>docuimus ) alternus manubrij motus rota <lb></lb>cum pinnis agitata perficiatur, ſic fiet vt <lb></lb>ſpontè aqua ſeipſam ſurſum impellat: nam<lb></lb>que ars contra ſua inſtituta eam facere co<lb></lb>git. </s> <s id="s.000514">Quod exemplum nonnullæ ciuitates quæ <lb></lb>editioribus à flumine locis poſitæ ſunt, ſe<lb></lb>quuntur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg41"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000515"><margin.target id="marg40"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>aqua <expan abbr="ſeipsã">ſeipsam</expan> <lb></lb>impellat ſur<lb></lb>ſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000516"><margin.target id="marg41"></margin.target>De libra & <lb></lb>illius ratio<lb></lb>ne.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000517">Poſt hæc videndum eſt de ponderibus <lb></lb>quæ in libra conſtituuntur. </s> <s id="s.000518">Sit igitur libra, <lb></lb>cuius trutina ſit appenſa in A, & finis vbi <lb></lb>iunguntur latera lancis B, & lanx CD, & <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt quòd CD mouetur circa B, <lb></lb>velut centrum quoddam, quia CD non po<lb></lb>teſt ſeparari ab ipſo B: & ſit angulus ABC, <lb></lb>& ABD rectus. </s> <s id="s.000519">Dico quòd pondus in C <lb></lb>conſtitutum erit grauius, quàm ſi lanx collo<lb></lb>cetur in quocunque alio loco, vt puto quòd <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.018.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/018/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>conſtitueretur lanx in F. </s> <s id="s.000520">Vt autem cognoſ<lb></lb>camus quòd C ſit grauius in eo ſitu, quam <lb></lb>in F, neceſſarium eſt vt in æquali tempore <lb></lb>moueatur per maius ſpatium verſus cen<lb></lb>trum. </s> <s id="s.000521">Videmus enim grauiora pari ratione <lb></lb>in reliquis, velociùs ad centrum ferri. </s> <s id="s.000522">Quòd <lb></lb>autem hoc contingat magis pondere & li<lb></lb>bra in C collocata quàm in F, oſtendo dua<lb></lb>bus rationibus. </s> <s id="s.000523">Prima, quòd ſi in aliquo <lb></lb>tempore moueatur ex C in E, & ſit arcus <lb></lb>CE æqualis FG, quod tardius deſcendet ex <lb></lb>F in G, quàm ex C in E, & ita erit leuiùs <lb></lb>in F, quàm in C. Secundò, quòd poſito <lb></lb>quòd in æquali ſpatio temporis moueretur <lb></lb>ex C in E, ex & F in G, adhuc per arcum <lb></lb>CE æqualem FG, magis appropinquaret <lb></lb>centro quàm per motum factum in arcu <lb></lb>FG. </s> <s id="s.000524">Ideò ergo duplici ratione magis gra<lb></lb>uabit pondus lance poſita ad perpendicu<lb></lb>lum cum trutina, quàm in quoque alio <lb></lb>loco. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000525">Primùm igitur ſic declaratur. </s> <s id="s.000526">Manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt in ſtateris, & in his, qui pondera <lb></lb>eleuant, quòd quantò magis pondus à tru<lb></lb>tina, eò magis graue videtur: ſed pondus <lb></lb>in G diſtat à trutina quantitate BC lineæ, <lb></lb>& in F quantitate FP, ſed CB eſt maior FP, <lb></lb>ex decimaquinta, tertij elementorum Eu<lb></lb>clidis: igitur lance poſita in C, grauius pon<lb></lb>dus videbitur quàm in F, quod erat primum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000527">Ex hac etiam demonſtratione manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt, libram quantò magis diſcendit verſus <lb></lb>C ex A, tantò grauiùs pondus reddere, & eò <lb></lb>velociùs moueri: at ex C verſus Q, contra<lb></lb>ria ratione pondus reddi leuius, & motum <lb></lb>ſegniorem, quod & experimentum docet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000528">Secundum verò ſic demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.000529">Quia enim <lb></lb>CE eſt æqualis FG, ſumatur CH æqualis <lb></lb>CE, eritque æqualis CH ipſi FG, quare re<lb></lb>cta ſubtenſa CH, æqualis rectæ ſubtenſæ <lb></lb>FG. </s> <s id="s.000530">Igitur ex octaua primi elementorum <lb></lb>angulus BFG, æqualis erit angulo BCH. </s> <s id="s.000531">Igi<lb></lb>tur ductis ad perpendiculum rectis FL & <lb></lb>HK, minor eſt angulus FGL. qui & ipſe <lb></lb>eſſet pars coæqualis BFG, ex quinta primi <lb></lb>elementorum, angulo KCH. </s> <s id="s.000532">Igitur latus <lb></lb>HK, maius latere FL: nam rectæ FG & HC <lb></lb>æquales fuerunt, & trigoni orthogonij ſeu <lb></lb>rectanguli: igitur BN maior OF, & ideo <lb></lb>BM maior OP. </s> <s id="s.000533">Dum igitur libra mouetur ex <lb></lb>C in E pondus deſcendit per BM lineam, ſeu <lb></lb>propinquius centro redditur quàm eſſet in <lb></lb>C, & dum mouetur per ſpatium arcus FG, <lb></lb>deſcenditque per OP, & BM, maior eſt OP. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000534">Igitur ſuppoſito etiam quod in æquali tem<lb></lb>pore tranſiret ex C in K, & ex F in G, adhuc <lb></lb>velociùs deſcendit ex C, quam ex F. </s> <s id="s.000535">Igitur <lb></lb>grauius eſt in C, quàm in F. </s> <s id="s.000536">Ex hoc autem <lb></lb>demonſtratur quod dicit Philoſophus, quòd <lb></lb>ſi æqualia ſint pondera in F & R, libra ta<lb></lb>men ſpontè redit ad ſitum CD, vbi trutina <lb></lb>ſit AB. </s> <s id="s.000537">Nec hoc demonſtrat Iordanus, nec <lb></lb>intellexit. </s> <s id="s.000538">Similiter cur trutina QB poſita, <lb></lb>atque infrà libram ipſam, velut accidit con<lb></lb>uerſa libra, vt manu trutinam teneas ſuper<arrow.to.target n="marg42"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>incumbente libra pondus quod iam deſcen<lb></lb>derat tractum ad R, vbi æquale aliud ad <lb></lb>conſtitutum in F, vel lances omninò vacuæ <lb></lb>ſint, non ſolùm non reuertuntur ad ſitum <lb></lb>CD, ſeu perpendiculi, imò magis R deſcen<lb></lb>dit verſus Q & F aſcendit verſus A. vt expe<lb></lb>rimento patet. </s> <s id="s.000539">Hoc etiam Iordanus non de<lb></lb>monſtrauit. </s> <s id="s.000540">Ariſtoteles dicit hoc contingere, <lb></lb>quum trutina eſt ſupra libram, quia angu<lb></lb>lus QBF metæ, maior eſt angulo QBR, Et ſi<lb></lb>militer quum trutina fuerit QB, erit meta <lb></lb>AB, & tunc angulus RBA, maior erit angu<lb></lb>lo FBA, ſed maior angulus reddit grauius <lb></lb>pondus: igitur dum trutina ſuperius eſt F, <lb></lb>erit grauius R, ideo F trahet libram verſus <lb></lb>C, & dum fuerit inferius R, erit grauius <lb></lb>quàm F, ideo trahet libram verſus <expan abbr="q.">que</expan> Quòd ſi <lb></lb>quis obiiciat, igitur pondus in F, erit gra<lb></lb>uius quàm in C, trutina in A appenſa cuius <lb></lb>tamen oppoſitum iam eſt demonſtratum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000541">Reſpondemus, quòd latior angulus à meta, <lb></lb>facit pondus grauius, quum rectæ fuerint <pb pagenum="370" xlink:href="016/01/019.jpg"></pb>æquales: ſed vt demonſtratum eſt, pondus <lb></lb>in C, plus diſtat tam à meta, quàm à trutina, <lb></lb>quam in E, ideo ratio anguli ibi non tenet: <lb></lb>ſed quum comparamus pondera in F & R, <lb></lb>iam illa æqualiter diſtant tam à trutina, <lb></lb>quod à meta: ideo tunc anguli ratio ſpectan<lb></lb>da eſt. </s> <s id="s.000542">Generalis igitur ratio hæc ſit: pon<lb></lb>dera quò plus diſtant à meta ſeu linea deſ<lb></lb>cenſus per rectam, aut obliquum, id eſt, per <lb></lb>angulum, eò ſunt grauiora. </s> <s id="s.000543">Sed primò rectæ <lb></lb>lineæ magnitudo ſpectanda eſt: vbi rectæ li<lb></lb>neæ æquales ſint, tunc angulus quòd maior <lb></lb>erit, eò pondus reddetur grauius. </s> <s id="s.000544">Si igitur <lb></lb>BC ſinuetur verſus QC, eleuabitur, & mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg43"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nus diſtabit à B puncto, ideoque reddet pon<lb></lb>dera leuiora, aureuſque iuſti ponderis defi<lb></lb>cere videbitur, & ex aduerſa parte poſitus <lb></lb>qui deficit, bonus videbitur. </s> <s id="s.000545">Sed vacua libe<lb></lb>ra delegitur fraus, aut commutatis viciſſim <lb></lb>numo & indice. </s> <s id="s.000546">Sed cur pondera quærunt <lb></lb>verſus medium moueri? </s> <s id="s.000547">Hoc facilè diſſolui<lb></lb>tur, ſi quis, quæ diximus mente teneat. </s> <s id="s.000548">Nam <lb></lb>pondus in F, dum peruenit ad C, propin<lb></lb>quius redditur mundi centro ad quod natu<lb></lb>ra fertur linea PB: & dum ex C in Q linea <lb></lb>BQ & ita intentum ponderis eſt rectà ferri <lb></lb>ad centrum quia vinculo prohibetur, moue<lb></lb>tur eo modo, quo moueri poteſt, atque ita à <lb></lb>dextra, vel ſiniſtra verſus perpendiculum, & <lb></lb>medium. </s> <s id="s.000549">Sed dices, cur igitur libra vacua C, <lb></lb>non mouetur verſus Q? Reſpondeo, quòd <lb></lb>tunc D moueretur verſus A: ſed vt viſum eſt <lb></lb>ratione rectæ linæ poſito C in Q & D in A, <lb></lb>adhuc tantum eſſet amiſſum ex parte D, <lb></lb>quantum acquiſitum ipſi C: ſed quod eſſet <lb></lb>amiſſum ex parte D, eſſet magis contra na<lb></lb>turam quam illud quod eſſet acquiſitum ipſi <lb></lb>C ſecundum naturam: igitur maius eſſet de<lb></lb>trimentum quam iuuamentum. </s> <s id="s.000550">Quare pari<lb></lb>bus ponderibus in C & D, non ſolum non <lb></lb>remouebuntur ab eo ſitu ſpontè, ſed vi amo<lb></lb>ta redibunt. </s> <s id="s.000551">His rationibus conſideratis, poſ<lb></lb>ſumus facere libram quæ vacua ponderibus <lb></lb>æqua videbitur, iuſtiſque notis ponderum <lb></lb>maius rerum ipſarum pondus repræſentet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000552">Sic enim vt Ariſtoteles refert, purpuram <lb></lb>vendentes imponebant emptoribus. </s> <s id="s.000553">Cuius <lb></lb>ratio ſic conſtat: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg44"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000554"><margin.target id="marg42"></margin.target>Cur libra <lb></lb>vacua redit <lb></lb>ſpontè ad ſi<lb></lb>tum rectum, <lb></lb>vel ſi pon<lb></lb>dera æqua<lb></lb>lia fuerint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000555"><margin.target id="marg43"></margin.target>Vt aurei iu<lb></lb>ſti ponderis <lb></lb>leuiores vi<lb></lb>deantur, & <lb></lb>leues iuſti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000556">Cur pondera <lb></lb>verſus me<lb></lb>dium mo<lb></lb>uentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000557"><margin.target id="marg44"></margin.target>Modus fa<lb></lb>ciendi <expan abbr="librã">libram</expan>, <lb></lb>quæ pondera <lb></lb>rerum maio<lb></lb>ra quàm <lb></lb>ſint oſtendat.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.019.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/019/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000558">Volenti libram quæ pro vndecim vnciis <lb></lb>duodecim præſeferat, virga AB ſumatur <lb></lb>metallica, quæ in partes viginti tres æquas <lb></lb>( nam totidem conſurgunt iunctis vndecim <lb></lb>ac duodecim ) diuidatur. </s> <s id="s.000559">In fine vndecimæ <lb></lb>& initio duodecimæ partis figatur lingua li<lb></lb>bramenti & agina. </s> <s id="s.000560">Conſtat igitur DC vnde<lb></lb>cima parte maiorem eſſe AD: quumque CD <lb></lb>paulò maior ſit AD & grauior, leuiorem li<lb></lb>ma vel terebratione reddemus, aut lancem <lb></lb>leuiorem adiiciemus ipſi C quàm A, adeò vt <lb></lb>dum lances vacuæ ſunt longitudinis AC, te<lb></lb>nuitatis penſata ratione, trutina ſub agina <lb></lb>iaceat, nullam in partem libra pendente: cui <lb></lb>tamen cùm ex parte C pondus vnciarum <lb></lb>vndecim adiunxerimus, & nota duodecim <lb></lb>vnciarum in lance A, libra æquilibrium de<lb></lb>monſtrabit. </s> <s id="s.000561">Quum ergo nec adulterinæ ſint <lb></lb>ponderum notæ, nec lancibus vacuis libra <lb></lb>videatur vitioſa, fraus mutatis mercibus ac <lb></lb>notis hinc inde, vt notæ ſunt in C, merces in <lb></lb>A, manifeſtè depræhenditur. </s> <s id="s.000562">Nam C latus <lb></lb>infrà deſcendet duplici cauſa, & quia maius <lb></lb>lanci ſuæ pondus ineſt, & quia CD, ipſa DA <lb></lb>longior eſt. </s> <s id="s.000563">Difficilior ac obſcurior eſt ſtate<lb></lb>ræ ratio, de qua in Arithmeticis diximus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000564">Nunc autem quum affinis ſit huic conſide<lb></lb>rationi, quantum neceſſarium eſt huic pro<lb></lb>poſito, adiicere optimum erit. </s> <s id="s.000565">Ergo tota in <lb></lb>tribus conſtat, quorum primum eſt Archi<lb></lb>medis in Parabolis: & eſt vbi regula ſtate<lb></lb>ræ, nullius ponderis cenſeatur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.019.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/019/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000566">Stantium in æquilibrio ponderum ratio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg45"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, vt diſtantiarum à trutina mutua. </s> <s id="s.000567">Velut ſi <lb></lb>D appenſum ex lancula in C faciat æquili<lb></lb>brium cum G appenſo in F, & proportio FB <lb></lb>ad BC ſit quadrupla, erit etiam D quadru<lb></lb>plum ad G Secundum, cùm in parte breuiore <lb></lb>fuerit ſolùm appenſum pondus, & regula fue<lb></lb>rit ponderoſa, æqualis in magnitudine & <lb></lb>pondere, & fiat æquilibrium, erit proportio <lb></lb>ponderis appenſi ad pondus totius regulæ, <lb></lb>vt differentiæ partium regulæ ad duplum <lb></lb>ponderis minoris. </s> <s id="s.000568">Exemplum: D pondus in <lb></lb>C appenſum faciat æquilibrium <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> BL virga <lb></lb><expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> alio pondere, & ſic BL & BC, vt axi, <lb></lb>fiat æqualis BK ipſi BC, tunc dico quòd pro<lb></lb>portio D ad pondus CL, eſt veluti ponderis <lb></lb>LK ad pondus KC. </s> <s id="s.000569">Sed ex hoc habetur re<lb></lb>gula: cognito pondere CL & CK ha<lb></lb>bendi pondus D, ducemus KL, quæ ſit 40, <lb></lb>gratia exempli in ſe, fit 1600, diuide per pon<lb></lb>dus CK, quod ſit 16, exit 100, huic adde <expan abbr="põ-dus">pon<lb></lb>dus</expan> KL, quod eſt 40, fit <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> D, 140. Et ita <lb></lb>poterimus ad <expan abbr="quancunq;">quancunque</expan> menſuram volueri<lb></lb>mus ſcire <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> <expan abbr="põderis">ponderis</expan> refert ſtatera. </s> <s id="s.000570">Ter<lb></lb>tium habetur ex his duobus & eſt, ſi virgula <lb></lb>ſine pondere cenſeatur, à parte <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> quę dif<lb></lb>ferentia eſt <expan abbr="longitudinũ">longitudinum</expan> ab agina, pondus æ<lb></lb>quale extendatur per <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan> <expan abbr="virgã">virgam</expan>, <expan abbr="æqualẽ">æqualem</expan> <expan abbr="gra-uitatẽ">gra<lb></lb>uitatem</expan> habebit cum <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan> pondere appenſo in <lb></lb>puncto diſtante à librili per <expan abbr="medietatẽ">medietatem</expan> totius <lb></lb>virgę. </s> <s id="s.000571">Sit vt virga CL nullius ſit ponderis, & <lb></lb>ſit BC æqualis BK, & coextenſum <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> æ<lb></lb>qualiter, vt ſub forma tetragoni faciat <expan abbr="æqui-libriũ">æqui<lb></lb>librium</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> D <expan abbr="appẽſo">appenſo</expan> in C, & ſumatur G <expan abbr="ęqui-pondiũ">ęqui<lb></lb>pondium</expan> ęquale <expan abbr="põderi">ponderi</expan> <expan abbr="coextẽſo">coextenſo</expan>, & ſit BM <expan abbr="di-midiũ">di<lb></lb>midium</expan> totius CL, dico quòd G <expan abbr="ſuſpensũ">ſuſpensum</expan> in M <lb></lb>faciet <expan abbr="æquilibriũ">æquilibrium</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> D, & ita æqualiter gra<lb></lb>uabit vt <expan abbr="coextensũ">coextensum</expan> toti KL. </s> <s id="s.000572">Sit igitur vt in M <lb></lb>faciat <expan abbr="ęquilibriũ">ęquilibrium</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> D, igitur per <expan abbr="primã">primam</expan> <expan abbr="harũ">harum</expan> <lb></lb>proportio MB ad BC, vt D ad G. <expan abbr="Itẽ">Item</expan> quia facit <pb pagenum="371" xlink:href="016/01/020.jpg"></pb><expan abbr="æquilibriũ">æquilibrium</expan> D cum G coëxtenſo K L, ſi igitur <lb></lb>adderetur æquè graue per totam CK adhuc <lb></lb>faceret æquilibrium, quia in BC & BK æ<lb></lb>quales ſunt, & tunc eſſet proportio ponde<lb></lb>ris D ad pondus KL, ſicut ponderis LC, ad <lb></lb>pondus CK, ex ſecunda proportione permu<lb></lb>tata, igitur vt longitudinis LC ad CK, quia <lb></lb>pondus eſt æqualiter diſtributum. </s> <s id="s.000573">Sed ſicut <lb></lb>ponderis D ad pondus LK, ſic D ad G, quia <lb></lb>ſuppoſitum eſt G & LK æqualia eſſe, igitur <lb></lb>vt LC ad CK, ſic MB ad BC: quare permu<lb></lb>tando vt CK ad CB, ſic LC ad MB: ſed CB <lb></lb>eſt dimidium CK: igitur BM eſt dimidium <lb></lb>LC, quod erat demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.000574">Quia verò <lb></lb>CB eſt dimidium CK, & BM dimidium <lb></lb>CL, ſequitur vt MK ſit dimidium KL, & ita <lb></lb>eſt ac ſi ſuſpenſum eſſet in medio loci cui <lb></lb>coextenditur. </s> <s id="s.000575">Vnumquodque igitur pondus, <lb></lb>iuxta Archimedem, quantumvis inæquale, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg46"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt triangulum tantum affert grauitatis, coex<lb></lb>tenſum virgulæ, quantum ſi ſuſpendatur ex <lb></lb>centro in loco vbi centrum grauitatis ſe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg47"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cundum perpendiculum ſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000576">Hoc au<lb></lb>tem generaliter ſupponit, etiamſi pondus <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>extendatur vſque ad aginam, ſed coex-ten<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg48"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>datur, gratia exempli per L F, & centrum <lb></lb>eius ſit in directo E, tunc dicit, eſt ac ſi ſuſ<lb></lb>penderetur in ipſo E. </s> <s id="s.000577">Ex his, vt in Arithme<lb></lb>ticis docuimus, colligitur ratio conficien<lb></lb>di ſtateras. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000578"><margin.target id="marg45"></margin.target>Stateræ ra<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000579"><margin.target id="marg46"></margin.target>Parabola <lb></lb>quinta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000580"><margin.target id="marg47"></margin.target>Parabola <lb></lb>octaua.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000581"><margin.target id="marg48"></margin.target>Statera <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>perfecta eſſe <lb></lb>poſſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000582">Nunc ſolum demonſtrare oportet, quo<lb></lb>modo ſtatera perfecta eſſe poſſit: etſi in pre<lb></lb>cioſis mercibus mercatores libra vtantur. </s> <s id="s.000583">Sit <lb></lb>igitur ſtatera diuiſa tuo modo cum pondere <lb></lb>auxiliari, quod mobile eſt G, & æquiponi<lb></lb>deret G in F ipſi D, quia itaque D æqui<lb></lb>ponderat G in F, & etiam regulæ KL. </s> <s id="s.000584">Po<lb></lb>nantur enim N pars D, quæ facit <expan abbr="æquilibriũ">æquilibrium</expan> <lb></lb><expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> LK, & O pars reliqua D, quæ facit <expan abbr="æqui-libriũ">æqui<lb></lb>librium</expan> cum G. </s> <s id="s.000585">Igitur iuxta <expan abbr="primã">primam</expan> <expan abbr="regulã">regulam</expan> pro<lb></lb>portio O ad G, vt FB ad BC. </s> <s id="s.000586">Proportio ve<lb></lb>rò N ad LK, & eſt vt LK ſuſpenſa in M, ex <lb></lb>tertia regula, vt L C ad CK ex ſecunda re<lb></lb>gula. </s> <s id="s.000587">Igitur ſtatuemus pondus N primò in <lb></lb>directo D, deinde facto æquilibrio additio <lb></lb>O ſemper eſt ſecundum proportionem ad G, <lb></lb>vt partis LB ad BC. </s> <s id="s.000588">Secundum igitur æqua<lb></lb>lia incrementa BL creſcet O, ſed N manet <lb></lb>idem ſemper: igitur ſecundum æqualia in<lb></lb>crementa partium B L creſcet D pondus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000589">Æqua igitur ſtatera fieret, ſi ad <expan abbr="Capponãtur">C apponantur</expan> <lb></lb>pondus faciens <expan abbr="equilibrũ">equilibrum</expan> <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> LK: inde diuida<lb></lb>mus ſpatia ab agina ad L per æqualia. </s> <s id="s.000590">Sed <lb></lb>quia ipſi <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <expan abbr="apponũt">apponunt</expan> pondus in C, <expan abbr="neceſſariũ">neceſſarium</expan> <lb></lb>eſt vt prima nota, puta P, oſtendat etiam <lb></lb>pondus LK: vt ſi LK ponderis libras duas, <lb></lb>& D pondus duas libras æquet, nota primi <lb></lb>ponderis eſſet in K, exempli gratia: ſed quia <lb></lb>G poſitum in K, grauaret quantum quatuor <lb></lb>libræ, & præter id etiam LK grauitatem <lb></lb>efficit duarum librarum, igitur oporteret vt <lb></lb>D eſſet librarum ſex, igitur pondus eſſet li<lb></lb>brarum ſex, & oſtenderet tantùm quatuor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000591">Ob id faciemus primam notam quatuor li<lb></lb>brarum in P, nam & ibi C grauitatem effi<lb></lb>cit duarum librarum, & LK duarum alia<lb></lb>rum, igitur pondus D erit quatuor librarum, <lb></lb>quod faciet æquilibrium: igitur nota qua<lb></lb>tuor librarum primarum erit in P, & multò <lb></lb>minus ab agina diſtans, quàm reliquæ inter<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.000592">At verò reliquæ inter ſe æquidiſtabunt, <lb></lb>vt ſi ſecunda fit in Q, tertia erit in H, & <lb></lb>quarta in M, & quinta in R, & ſexta in E: <lb></lb>ideoque poſito G in E, oſtendet libras vigin<lb></lb>tiquatuor. </s> <s id="s.000593">Manifeſtum eſt autem ex hoc, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg49"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quod commodum affert non leue, quò G <lb></lb>ſit pondus per ſe notum, id eſt, libra, vel bi<lb></lb>libra, vel trilibra. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000594"><margin.target id="marg49"></margin.target>Media pon<lb></lb>derum quo<lb></lb>modo ha<lb></lb>beantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000595">Centra autem ponderum in circulis & <lb></lb>rectangulis ſunt in communi ſectione di<lb></lb>metientium duarum. </s> <s id="s.000596">In omnibus autem <lb></lb>figuris æquilateris, quæ circulo poſſunt <lb></lb>inſcribi, centrum grauitatis idem eſt cum <lb></lb>centro circuli circumſcribentis. </s> <s id="s.000597">Supponitur <lb></lb>autem in omnibus, quòd ponderoſa hæc æ<lb></lb>qualem vbique habeant craſſitudinem, & <lb></lb>quòd ex materia quæ vbique æqualem ſor<lb></lb>tiatur grauitatem, conſtituantur. </s> <s id="s.000598">In trigonis <lb></lb>autem omnibus in communi ſectione trium <lb></lb>linearum, quarum ſingulæ ad ſingula latera <lb></lb>ex angulis oppoſitis venientes, ea per æqua<lb></lb>lia diuidunt. </s> <s id="s.000599">Has verò in vnum punctum <lb></lb>ſecando ſe inuicem concurrere neceſſe eſt: <lb></lb>etſi id Archimedes non demonſtrauerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000600">Nos autem in Geometricis elementis illud <lb></lb>oſtendimus generaliter, nunc autem pro ne<lb></lb>ceſſitate declarabitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000601">Nam diuiſis per æqualia lateribus AB & <lb></lb>AC in D & E, & ducta CD, BE, & per <lb></lb>communem ſectionem AGH & DE, quæ <lb></lb>erit æquidiſtans lateri tertio, vnde BEC & <lb></lb>CDB erunt æquales, quia in eadem baſi <lb></lb>BC, ſubducto BCG, communi erit CEG æ<lb></lb>qualis DBC, ipſi autem ſunt æquales AGE <lb></lb>& AGD, quia in æquis baſibus & inter æ<lb></lb>quidiſtantes, quare AGE & AGD æquales. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.020.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/020/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Quumque ſint ſuper eandem lineam AG, <lb></lb>erunt æqualis altitudinis, qui altitudo eſt tri<lb></lb>gonorum etiam FGD, & FGE, qui <expan abbr="conſiſtũt">conſiſtunt</expan> <lb></lb>in eadem baſi FG, igitur etiam ipſi inter ſe <lb></lb>ſunt æquales, Quia verò BC æquidiſtat DE, <lb></lb>erunt ex 29 primi elementorum & 25. eiuſ<lb></lb>dem, DGE & BGC æquianguli, & propor<lb></lb>tio BG ad GE, vt CG ad GD. ex eiſdem <lb></lb>etiam BGH & GEF ſimiles, itemque GCH <lb></lb>& DGF. quare proportio trigoni BGH ad <lb></lb>EFG, vt BG ad GE dupla, & CGH ad DFG, <lb></lb>vt CG ad GD dupla, eſt autem ( vt dictum <lb></lb>fuit ) CG ad GD, vt BG, ad GE, quare BGH <lb></lb>ad EFG, yt HCG ad DFG: quare cum DFG <lb></lb>& EFG æquales ſint, erunt BGH & CGH <lb></lb>æquales: quumque ſint inter æquidiſtantes, <lb></lb>erunt in baſibus æqualibus BH & HC, igi<lb></lb>tur trigoni omnes ABH, ACH, CDB, CDA, <lb></lb>BEC, BEA, erunt, medietas ABC, quare ap<lb></lb>penſus trigonus in G, in nullam poterit par<lb></lb>tem inclinari. </s> <s id="s.000602">Centrum autem ſectionis pa<lb></lb>rabolę ſeu coni rectanguli eſt in eius dime<lb></lb>tiente, quæ à ſummo ad medium baſis in eo <lb></lb>puncto qui à ſummitate coni dimidio plus <lb></lb>diſtat quàm à baſi, quæ eſt recta linea ſup-<pb pagenum="372" xlink:href="016/01/021.jpg"></pb>poſita angulo coni. </s> <s id="s.000603">Cum itaque fuerit poſita <lb></lb>virga æqualis CL ponderis vnciarum 7, & <lb></lb>librile in B, ita quod KL ſit 10. & KC, 4. & G <lb></lb>libra vna, ſic conſtituemus ſtateram. </s> <s id="s.000604">Ducam <lb></lb>pondus LK, quod eſt 5, in ſe, fit 25, diuido <lb></lb>per pondus KC, quod eſt 2, fit 12 1/2, cui ad<lb></lb>do vncias 5, LK, fit 17 1/2: ponam igitur CD <lb></lb>vinculum ferreum vncias 5 1/2, & relinque<lb></lb>tur pondus LK vnius libræ. </s> <s id="s.000605">Cùm igitur po<lb></lb>ſuerimus G in K ęquabitur librę, & aliam <lb></lb>libram oportebit addere in D propter LK, <lb></lb>igitur in K oſtendemus duas libras, & ſic ſcri<lb></lb>bemus, deinde S 3, in T 4, in F 5. in V 6, in L, <lb></lb>quis ſpatiis. </s> <s id="s.000606">Ex hoc patet quòd omnia hæc <lb></lb>ſpatia per vncias diſtribui poterunt, præter <lb></lb>primum BK. </s> <s id="s.000607">Poſſemus tamen & ipſum di<lb></lb>uidere, vt in B libra intelligatur, & AB in <lb></lb>K vncię per æqua ſpatia additę <expan abbr="ſignificabũt">ſignificabunt</expan>, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg50"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>prima 13. ſecunda 14. tertia 15. & ita de aliis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000608"><margin.target id="marg50"></margin.target>Cur libræ <lb></lb>ſunt plerum<lb></lb>que exactio<lb></lb>nes ſtateris.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000609">Patet autem cauſa ex his, quare librę tri<lb></lb>bus cauſis ſtateris ſint exactiores. </s> <s id="s.000610">Hoc au<lb></lb>tem ab initio propoſitum fuit. </s> <s id="s.000611">Nam in ſta<lb></lb>tera difficile eſt virgulam adeò exactam in <lb></lb>magnitudine conſtituere: & ſi etiam ſit in <lb></lb>magnitudine, non erit in pondere: vix enim <lb></lb>hoc aſſequi poſſumus. </s> <s id="s.000612">Secundò difficillimum <lb></lb>eſt per æqualia interualla omninò ad amuſ<lb></lb>ſim diuidere LB. </s> <s id="s.000613">Tertiò pondus rarò in ex<lb></lb>tremo C appendi ſolet, quod cùm citra <lb></lb>appenditur, confuſionem parit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000614"><expan abbr="Sũt">Sunt</expan> & additamenta multa quæ <expan abbr="vitiãt">vitiant</expan> ſtate<lb></lb>ram, horum nullum in libra eſt. </s> <s id="s.000615">Ob id præ<lb></lb>cioſa non in ſtatera ſed libra ſolent exami<lb></lb>nari. </s> <s id="s.000616">Multum autem refert ad exactam ſta<lb></lb>terę ſtructuram, vt G leue ſit, tum etiam <lb></lb>LC, & quod LB tripla ſit BC. nam ſic LK <lb></lb>æqualis erit KC, & quòd vincula CD in ex<lb></lb>tremo ſint LC, & ęqualis ponderis cum LK. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg51"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Hoc enim ſtaterę genus, librę <expan abbr="proximũ">proximum</expan> erit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000617"><margin.target id="marg51"></margin.target>Vtres quan<lb></lb>tum ponderis <lb></lb>in aqua ſu<lb></lb>ſtineant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000618">Quomodo <lb></lb>homo aquæ <lb></lb>immobilis ac <lb></lb>ſupinus ſu<lb></lb>perſtet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000619">Quantum verò ponderis vtres in aqua <lb></lb>ſuſtineant pro pontibus conſtruendis, expe<lb></lb>rimentum docet. </s> <s id="s.000620">Nam veſica plena aëre, <lb></lb>quę capax fuit quinque librarum aquę & <lb></lb>vncię, pondus librarum quatuordecim ac ſe<lb></lb>mis laterum ſuſtinebat: quo fit vt in flumi<lb></lb>num aqua triplum fermè ponderis aquæ, <lb></lb>cuius ſunt capaces vtres, continere poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000621">Illud etiam non prętermittendum, ex denſi<lb></lb>tatis ratione oriri, vt homines cùm ita ſe <lb></lb>continuerint ſupini in aqua, vt velut iacula<lb></lb>tores in funibus nullam penitùs in partem <lb></lb>flectantur immobiles, tum nequaquam mer<lb></lb>gi. </s> <s id="s.000622">Hoc tamen cùm per ſe ſit difficillimum, <lb></lb>ob motum etiam & aquæ inęqualitatem <lb></lb>etiam redditur difficiliùs. </s> <s id="s.000623">Atque hacte<lb></lb>nus de rerum mortalium principiis di<lb></lb>ctum ſit. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.021.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/021/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000624"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER SECVNDVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000625"><emph type="center"></emph>De Elementis & eorum motibus & <lb></lb>actionibus.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg52"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000626"><margin.target id="marg52"></margin.target>De elemen<lb></lb>torum nu.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000627">NVNC verò de Elementis aga<lb></lb>mus, quæ forma & materia <lb></lb>prima conſtant, & animata <lb></lb>quaſi videntur: ea Græcis <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">σοιχεῖα</foreign> vocant. </s> <s id="s.000628">Perdiſcere au<lb></lb>tem primum oportet, quot & quænam ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000629">Ariſtoteles quatuor exiſtimat, terram, <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan>, <lb></lb>aërem, atque ignem. </s> <s id="s.000630">Primùm enim quatuor <lb></lb>qualitates primæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.000631">Hæ ſolæ non conſti<lb></lb>tuunt elementum, quia vim non haberent <lb></lb>agendi ac patiendi: nec pluſquam duæ ſi<lb></lb>mul eſſe poſſunt, quin contraria ſimul ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000632">Nam calidi, frigidi, ſicci atque humidi, ſi <lb></lb>tria quomodolibet acceperis, contraria ac<lb></lb>cipere neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.000633">Sed nec calidum cum fri<lb></lb>gido, nec ſiccum cum humido iungi poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000634">Igitur binis iunctis qualitatibus neque con<lb></lb>trariis, ſimul tantùm quatuor fient coniu<lb></lb>gationes, quæ quatuor elementa conſti<lb></lb>tuent. </s> <s id="s.000635">Inter imum etiam locum atque ſu<lb></lb>premum, ſimpliciter duo loca intercidere <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt, imum non exquiſitè, atque ſu<lb></lb>premum: atque eo totidem ſimplicia cor<lb></lb>pora. </s> <s id="s.000636">Videmus etiam, & ſi quid probabilia <lb></lb>argumenta faciunt, in miſtis ipſis quatuor <lb></lb>elementa: nam de terra, aëre & aqua, nemo <lb></lb>dubitare poteſt ob magnitudinem, & maxi<lb></lb>mas moles, vt mare aquarum, aëris & terræ <lb></lb>in vniuerſo: ignis verò incrementa, & po<lb></lb>tentiam, ac ſimplicitatem, cuius etiam fons <lb></lb>in Lunæ concauo eſſe creditur. </s> <s id="s.000637">Plures etiam <lb></lb>exiſtimant in diſtilationibus hæc quatuor <lb></lb>videri: & humores totidem in animalibus <lb></lb>ſenſus depræhendi. </s> <s id="s.000638">Quinetiam multi arbi<lb></lb>trantur ob hoc Cometes fieri, quòd ſub cœ<lb></lb>lo ab ignis elemento vapores accendantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000639">Sed certè ſub cœlo Lunæ nullus eſt ignis: <lb></lb>nam quum cœlum puriſſima res ſit, non <lb></lb>decuit ſub omnis qualitatis experte re, ar<lb></lb>dentiſſimam collocaſſe. </s> <s id="s.000640">Natura enim ſem<lb></lb>per extrema mediis iungit. </s> <s id="s.000641">Inter carnem <lb></lb>enim & os, membranam: inter os & liga<lb></lb>menta, cartilagines: inter os & cerebrum, <lb></lb>quòd carne cerebrum eſſet mollius, dupli<lb></lb>cem membranam, ac duriorem oſſi pro<lb></lb>pinquiorem collocauit. </s> <s id="s.000642">Nec motus veloci<lb></lb>tas, caloris aut cauſa, aut argumentum eſſe <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.000643">Nanque ea quæ conſtant, etſi motu <lb></lb>accendantur, vt lapides, plumbum & anima<lb></lb>lia, quæ tamen diſſipantur, quò celerius mo<lb></lb>uentur, eò fiunt frigidiora, vt aqua & aër: <lb></lb>venti enim validi omnes frigidi, & flumina <lb></lb>celeriter fluentia frigidiſſimas habent aquas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000644">Eſt etiam aliud non leue argumentum huius <pb pagenum="373" xlink:href="016/01/022.jpg"></pb>rei, quòd Cometes, aut faces calores his ac<lb></lb>cendunt intolerabiles: quid igitur fiet ſi tan<lb></lb>ta regio & vniuerſus orbe igne ambiatur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000645">Quid enim prohibebit, ne aërem ipſum ac<lb></lb>cendat, inde hæc omnia reliqua, tum maxi<lb></lb>mè quòd calor ſiderum adiuuabit. </s> <s id="s.000646">Omnem <lb></lb>enim lucem Auerroës calidam eſſe exiſtimat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000647">Aërem etiam calidum maximè eſſe volunt: <lb></lb>humida autem qualitas omnium minimè re<lb></lb>ſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.000648">Quomodo igitur violentiſſimo & ma<lb></lb>ximo, & acerrimo elementorum aër ipſe re<lb></lb>pugnabit? </s> <s id="s.000649">Itaque Auerroës ipſe hoc videns <arrow.to.target n="marg53"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dixit, aliquando ignem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> eſſe calidum actu: <lb></lb>ſed ſi calidus non eſt actu, quæ potentia hæc <lb></lb>eſt: Potentia dicimus medicamenta talia, <lb></lb>quòd deuorata calefaciunt: an verò hic ignis <lb></lb>ab aliquo <expan abbr="ingẽti">ingenti</expan> animali deuorabitur? </s> <s id="s.000650">Dein<lb></lb>de, ſi ignis calidus non eſt, nec aqua pari ra<lb></lb>tione frigida (hoc autem eſt confundere or<lb></lb>dinem vniuerſi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quid etiam prohibet ne lu<lb></lb>ceat? </s> <s id="s.000651">quanquam hoc eludant vt leue argu<lb></lb>mentum. </s> <s id="s.000652">Si etiam ibi ignis eſt, cur quantò <lb></lb>altius aſcendimus, cuncta frigidiora appa<lb></lb>rent, vt etiam ſub torrida zona in montium <lb></lb>cacuminibus niues abundare <expan abbr="affirmẽt">affirment</expan>? </s> <s id="s.000653">Quod <lb></lb>minus mirum eſt, ſi quis conſideret non ſo<lb></lb>lùm hyeme niues, ſed media etiam æſtate fri<lb></lb>gidiſſimas grandines generari. </s> <s id="s.000654">Sed dicunt <lb></lb>abeſſe ea loca à radiorum repercuſſu: ſed hoc <lb></lb>minoris caliditatis argumentum eſſe poteſt, <lb></lb>non autem frigiditatis. </s> <s id="s.000655">Denique ſi ibi eſſet, <lb></lb>maximè ob generationem eſſet: verùm non <lb></lb>ob hoc eſſe poteſt, cùm calor cœleſtis ſit qui <lb></lb>generet, vel ipſo teſte philoſopho, & leuiſſi<lb></lb>ma res tam procul deſcendere haud queat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000656">Forſan quis ignem ferri hunc ſurſum dicet, <lb></lb>atque ex eo coniectabitur ibi locum illius <lb></lb>eſſe. </s> <s id="s.000657">Sed primùm argumenta hæc rhetorica, <lb></lb>indigna ſunt vt in rebus ſeriis adducantur: <lb></lb>neque hic ignis illius naturæ eſt, cuius ſu<lb></lb>periorem eſſe ferunt, cùm hic vrat, ſplen<lb></lb>deat, corrumpat, quorum nullum illi ineſſe <lb></lb>ferunt. </s> <s id="s.000658">Dicemus etiam poſt hæc, cur id con<lb></lb>tingat: & quòd non ſemper etiam contin<lb></lb>gat docebimus. </s> <s id="s.000659">Nec illud argumenta <expan abbr="probãt">probant</expan>, <lb></lb>imò potius oppoſitum. </s> <s id="s.000660">Nam inter duo ex<lb></lb>trema, non duo, ſed tantùm vnum ſolet aſſi<lb></lb>gnari medium. </s> <s id="s.000661">Quòd ſi ſtatuatur, non qua<lb></lb>tuor, ſed tria tantùm erunt elementa. </s> <s id="s.000662">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>hoc non demonſtrat, multò minus quatuor <lb></lb>eſſe demonſtrabit. </s> <s id="s.000663">Nec faces aut cometes <lb></lb>nobis inſinuant eſſe ibi ignem, cùm ipſe <lb></lb>Philoſophus ſub igne ac iuxta terram in aë<lb></lb>re fieri affirmet hæc ipſa, vt ignis penitùs in<lb></lb>digna non ſint. </s> <s id="s.000664">Sed neque in miſtis videtur <lb></lb>ignis. </s> <s id="s.000665">Nam ſi modò eſſet, in euforbio & pi<lb></lb>pere potius eſſet, quorum vis calida eſt, ac <lb></lb>ſicca non mediocriter, quàm in frigidiſſimis <lb></lb>lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.000666">Deſtillationes etiam, tres ſubſtan<lb></lb>tias tantùm docent, aquam pro aqua, oleum <lb></lb>vice aëris, & terram quæ in imo ſubſidet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000667">Quòd ſi dicas, olei partem rubicundiorem <lb></lb>ignem referre quòd acutiſſima ſit, reſponde<lb></lb>mus & ſerò, hanc ac uitatem, acremque ſapo<lb></lb>rem ex ignis vi acriore proficiſci. </s> <s id="s.000668">Indicio <lb></lb>eſt, quòd metallicorum olei nulla eſt pars <lb></lb>expers acerrimi ſaporis. </s> <s id="s.000669">Quare ſi hoc totum <lb></lb>quod acerrimum eſt ignem refert, acris ni<lb></lb>hil omninò ineſſe oportet. </s> <s id="s.000670">Quate etiam ad <lb></lb>tria tantùm redimus elementa. </s> <s id="s.000671">Humores <lb></lb>in animalibus quatuor ſunt: ſed quid hoc <lb></lb>ad elementa? </s> <s id="s.000672">quid ſi tantùm tria cum <lb></lb>Thruſiano expoſitore artis medicæ Galeni <lb></lb>eſſe dicam? </s> <s id="s.000673">Sed tamen ſenſus oſtendit eſſe <lb></lb>quatuor? </s> <s id="s.000674">Nequaquam: nam nec ipſi faten<lb></lb>tur hunc ignem elementum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.000675">Quare po<lb></lb>tius tria declarat nobis ſenſus, quàm qua<lb></lb>tuor. </s> <s id="s.000676">Neque quod celeriter exedat omnia, <lb></lb>ideo dicendum elementum: nam ſic etiam <lb></lb>motus elementum eſſet: nec quia celeriter <lb></lb>creſcat, nam mures & ipſi elementum eſ<lb></lb>ſent. </s> <s id="s.000677">Sed horum neutrum terræ ineſt, quam <lb></lb>tamen omnes vno ore elementum eſſe fa<lb></lb>tentur. </s> <s id="s.000678">Omnia igitur ad hæc, ad demon<lb></lb>ſtrandum quatuor eſſe elementa, tum etiam <lb></lb>ignem elementum eſſe, parum habent fidei: <lb></lb>quin imò vt ab initio propoſuimus, oppoſi<lb></lb>tum potius oſtendunt. </s> <s id="s.000679">Supererat illud ma<lb></lb>ximum à qualitatum coniugationibus at <lb></lb>non vident hoc in miſtis oſtendere: calida <lb></lb>enim quædam ſunt & humida, alia calida <lb></lb>& ſicca, atque ſic deinceps. </s> <s id="s.000680">At in elemen<lb></lb>tis quoniam calor & ſiccitas tam immodica <lb></lb>ad interitum omnia erant traductura, pro <lb></lb>elemento cœleſtem calorem ac bene tem<lb></lb>peratum ſubſtituit, ex quo omnia genera<lb></lb>rentur. </s> <s id="s.000681">Hoc quidem ac putredine tum motu <lb></lb>generari ſolet materia, quam ignem vocant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000682">Ignis <expan abbr="itaq;">itaque</expan> ſit, ſed elementorum <expan abbr="nequaquã">nequaquam</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000683"><margin.target id="marg53"></margin.target>Primo Can<lb></lb>ticæ com<lb></lb>mente 15.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000684">Iam ſcio quid dicturi ſint nonnulli. </s> <s id="s.000685">Quis <lb></lb>tu es tam audax, qui aduerſus Philoſophum <lb></lb>ſentire audes? </s> <s id="s.000686">præſertim in tam confirmata, <lb></lb>atque antiqua rerum ſententia. </s> <s id="s.000687">Deinde, quo<lb></lb>nam pacto grandinum & niuis generatio <lb></lb>oſtendet ignem ibi non eſſe, quum etiamſi <lb></lb>nullus adſit ignis, attamen non par eſt regio<lb></lb>nem illam eſſe ſrigidiſſimam, cùm radiis ſy<lb></lb>derum illuſtretur, & nihilominus aër ipſe, in <lb></lb>quo ſita ea eſt regio, calidiſſimus ſit? </s> <s id="s.000688">Ignem <lb></lb>quoque cùm dicimus atque elementum, rem <lb></lb>prorſus calidiſſimam ac ſicciſſimam intelli<lb></lb>gimus: hic noſter ignis calidiſſimus eſt ac <lb></lb>ſicciſſimus, quo fit vt immiſtus etiam ſit: <lb></lb>nam ſi miſtus eſſet, talis eſſe non poſſet, <lb></lb>quare hic ignis elementum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000689">Hæc ſunt quę tametſi non mihi <expan abbr="obiiciãtur">obiiciantur</expan>, <lb></lb>obiici tamen poſſe ſentio. </s> <s id="s.000690">Ergo vt ad <expan abbr="Ariſto-telẽ">Ariſto<lb></lb>telem</expan> <expan abbr="deueniã">deueniam</expan>, homo ille fuit, & in diſſectione <lb></lb>ac ſingularibus in multis aberrauit. </s> <s id="s.000691"><expan abbr="Quin-etiã">Quin<lb></lb>etiam</expan> illo poſteriores & Theophraſtus, & Ga<lb></lb>lenus plura perperàm ſcripsêre, <expan abbr="itaq;">itaque</expan> ſi licuit <lb></lb>illi Platonem ob veritatem relinquere, cur <lb></lb>etiam ob <expan abbr="eandẽ">eandem</expan> illum nobis deſerere non li<lb></lb>cebit? </s> <s id="s.000692">Propoſitiones quaſdam conatus eſt ge<lb></lb>nerales aſtruere, quas experimentum falſas <lb></lb>eſſe docet: vt, quòd <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> animal bene oleat, <lb></lb>quodque graue non poſſit, vtrinque promi<lb></lb>nere, atque ideo terra non ex vtraque parte <lb></lb>aquis promineat, quæ tamen experimento <lb></lb>falſa eſſe depræhenduntur. </s> <s id="s.000693"><expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan> ſi inter mil<lb></lb>le propoſitiones, in duabus, aut tribus aber<lb></lb>raſſe illum fateamur, haud rem homine indi<lb></lb>gnam etiam ſapientiſſimo feciſſe illum di<lb></lb>cemus. </s> <s id="s.000694">Nam & ab Auerroë ipſo in paucis <lb></lb>deſeritur, in nonnullis coarguitur, in pluri<lb></lb>bus verò ſenſu tranſpoſito defenditur. </s> <s id="s.000695">Hoc <lb></lb>autem verè eſt etiam ipſum confutare, non <lb></lb>tueri. </s> <s id="s.000696">Sed <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> in hoc diſſentimus ab Ariſto<lb></lb>tele: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> in <expan abbr="cõcauo">concauo</expan> orbis Lunæ, nec <expan abbr="ignẽ">ignem</expan> eſſe <lb></lb>vult, nec rem <expan abbr="calidiſſimã">calidiſſimam</expan>. </s> <s id="s.000697">Quod ad regionem <pb pagenum="374" xlink:href="016/01/023.jpg"></pb>aëris attinet, palàm eſt illam eſſe frigidiſſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg54"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mam: quia (vt oſtendemus) omnia elemen<lb></lb>ta talia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.000698">Nam quod de vaporibus dici<lb></lb>tur, & vocata antiſpaſi, fabulæ ſimilius eſt, <lb></lb>quàm hiſtoriæ rei naturalis. </s> <s id="s.000699">Quamobrem ſi <lb></lb>ignis in concauo Lunæ ponatur, ac ocyſ<lb></lb>ſimè ibi circumuolui, erit hic frigidiſſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000700">Ergo nos illud oppugnamus, non experi<lb></lb>mentum deſerimus. </s> <s id="s.000701">Quippe luce manifeſtius <lb></lb>eſt aërem illic eſſe frigidiſſimum, tum verò <lb></lb>magis eum qui in concauo Lunæ eſt: ſed <lb></lb>temperatur propinquitate ſyderum, & ma<lb></lb>ximè Lunæ. </s> <s id="s.000702">Et quanquam Luna tantum vni <lb></lb>parti paruæ è directo ſit, quia tamen totum <lb></lb>miſcetur ſimul ac tenuiſſimæ eſt ſubſtantiæ, <lb></lb>ideo aër ille eſt temperatiſſimus, idem etiam <lb></lb>puriſſimus ac limpidiſſimus, ac totus ſynce<lb></lb>rus: qua de cauſa æthera ipſum antiqui, & re<lb></lb>ctè, imò & philoſophus ipſe quandoque ap<lb></lb>pellauit. </s> <s id="s.000703">Congruit hic belliſſimè loco ac cœ<lb></lb>li naturæ, vt qui tenuitate & qualitatis tem<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg55"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>peramento fermè ſit ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.000704">Neque enim æ<lb></lb>ther ideò temperatus eſt, quia æqualiter <lb></lb>commiſtus ex calido & frigido, ſed quia <lb></lb>vtriuſ que ſit expers qualitatis. </s> <s id="s.000705">Similiter nec <lb></lb>ſiccus dici poteſt, qui fluit: nec humidus, <lb></lb>quia non madefacit: ſed purus ( vt dixi ) ac <lb></lb>limpidus, atque hic ad generationem aptiſſi<lb></lb>mus, de quo inferiùs dicemus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg56"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000706"><margin.target id="marg54"></margin.target>1. Meteoro <lb></lb>rum c.4.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000707"><margin.target id="marg55"></margin.target>Æther quid <lb></lb>ſit, & vbi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000708"><margin.target id="marg56"></margin.target>Aër frigidus <lb></lb>eſt natura, <lb></lb>non calidus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000709">Quòd verò aër calidiſſimus ſit, hoc nullum <lb></lb>experimentum dolet, nulla ratio cogit, imò <lb></lb>ſpontè quidem frigidiſſimus: atque hæc om<lb></lb>nia experimentis quidem conſentiunt. </s> <s id="s.000710">Chi<lb></lb>mærica illa Ariſtotelicorum, ne illum accu<lb></lb>ſare videar, <expan abbr="cõmenta">commenta</expan> in inexplicabiles quæ<lb></lb>ſtiones, quæ adhuc ſub iudice ſunt, <expan abbr="terminã-tur">terminan<lb></lb>tur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.000711">Itaque melius eſt paucis immutatis tue<lb></lb>ri veritatem atque experimenta ipſa, quàm <lb></lb>in perpetuum cum illis nugantes de rerum <lb></lb>natura nihil ſcire. </s> <s id="s.000712">Quis enim niſi amens au<lb></lb>diat diſſerentem atque affirmantem, aërem <lb></lb>eſſe calidum in extremo ac ſummo, deinde <lb></lb>ob ſolum motum, aut vapores abſque motu, <lb></lb>vt ſub ſeptentrione, adeò fieri frigidum, vt <lb></lb>glaciem, niuem ac grandinem gignat, nemo<lb></lb>que citra Solis vim de aëris calore conque<lb></lb>ſtus ſit, de frigore omnes quærantur, & ta<lb></lb>men audeant aëri non aliam fermè quam <lb></lb>igni tribuere caliditatem. </s> <s id="s.000713">Cur ignis cùm te<lb></lb>nuiore ſit ſubſtantia quàm aër, nunquam à <lb></lb>ſuo immenſo calore deſtituitur, aut illius na<lb></lb>tura ac feruor miteſcit? </s> <s id="s.000714">non dicam vt frigi<lb></lb>dus euadat. </s> <s id="s.000715">Quòd ſi dicant, aërem hunc non <lb></lb>eſſe aërem qui mouetur, aut qui vapores ex<lb></lb>cipiat, impoſſibile enim eſt tanta facta tranſ<lb></lb>mutatione ex calidiſſimo in frigidiſſimum, <lb></lb>vel Ariſtotele iudice, manere ſubſtantiam: <lb></lb>palàm eſt, cùm totus aër frigidus ſit, qui nos <lb></lb>ambit, aut ſaltem temperatus, vt qui iuxta <lb></lb>cœlum Lunæ ſitus eſt: nam vniuerſa aëris <lb></lb>moles vt ex æthereis flammis ſæpius depre<lb></lb>henſum eſt, motus cœli in viginti quatuor <lb></lb>horis circumfertur, quod etiam admittit ipſe <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles vniuerſam aëris machinam hanc <lb></lb>frigidam eſſe, aut temperatam: quæ ſi non ſit <lb></lb>aër, alius nobis quærendus aër, forſan ſupra <lb></lb>cœlum, aut in imo terræ. <arrow.to.target n="marg57"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000716"><margin.target id="marg57"></margin.target>Elemento<lb></lb>rum nume<lb></lb>rus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000717">Tria igitur ſunt elementa: terra, quæ den<lb></lb>ſiſſima eſt atque grauiſſima, in imoque poſi<lb></lb>ta: aër, qui rariſſimus, leuiſſimus, in ſuprema <lb></lb>parte collocatur: & aqua, quæ medium in <lb></lb>omnibus his inter hæc poſſidet. </s> <s id="s.000718">Communia <lb></lb>omnibus ſunt, quòd expertia ſint innatæ ca<lb></lb>liditatis, nullus enim calor niſi à cœlo, atque <lb></lb>ideo ab anima vel luce. </s> <s id="s.000719">Terra quòd nimis <lb></lb>craſſa, aër quòd nimis tenuis, minus frigida <arrow.to.target n="marg58"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſſe videntur: ſed aqua cum media ſit ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, frigidiſſima apparet. </s> <s id="s.000720">Aër igitur cum <lb></lb>ingraueſcit, frigidior videtur. </s> <s id="s.000721">Sed ſi non af<lb></lb>ficiatur, ob tenuitatem quaſi temperatus exi<lb></lb>ſtimatur. </s> <s id="s.000722">Porrò frigida iam ſpontè cùm den<lb></lb>ſantur, frigidiora fiunt, veluti glacies. </s> <s id="s.000723">Terra <lb></lb>autem ob raritatem calorem admittit, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> <lb></lb>ideò minus frigida eſſe creditur: ob id ſaxa <lb></lb>ſunt ipſa longè frigidiora. </s> <s id="s.000724">Aër autem ob lu<lb></lb>cem quaſi temperatus, & ob raritatem faci<lb></lb>lè mutatus, non ſolùm minimè frigidus, ſed <lb></lb>& calidus iudicatur, cum omnia elementa <lb></lb>ex æquo natura propria ſint frigidiſſima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000725">Indicio ſunt regiones ſub Vrſa, & noctes & <lb></lb>montium cacumina: ſed & ratio id oſtendit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000726">Omnis enim calor ab aſtris eſt. </s> <s id="s.000727"><expan abbr="Elemẽta">Elementa</expan> au<lb></lb>tem <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> pura ſint, caloris ab aſtris ſunt exper<lb></lb>tia. </s> <s id="s.000728">Calor enim aſtrorum illicò mutat: & <lb></lb>quod mutatur, diſſimile eſt ei ex quo muta<lb></lb>tum eſt: quare miſtum erit elementum ex <lb></lb>puro atque mutato, non autem ſimplex. </s> <s id="s.000729">Om<lb></lb>nia igitur elementa ſunt frigidiſſima, id eſt, <lb></lb>caloris omnis expertia. </s> <s id="s.000730">Siquidem nihil aliud <lb></lb>eſt frigiditas, quam caloris priuatio. </s> <s id="s.000731">In hu<lb></lb>mido etiam diſſident: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> terra eſt ſicciſſima, <lb></lb>vt aër humidiſſimus, & aqua in medio collo<lb></lb>catur. </s> <s id="s.000732">Siccum dico humido priuatum, atque <lb></lb>ideo graue, quia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> eſt extenſum. </s> <s id="s.000733">Cùm enim <lb></lb>materia prima ſeu hyle non extenditur, mul<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg59"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta eſt, & ideo formæ multum & grauitatis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000734">Ideò aqua media in omnibus etiam his eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000735">Conſtat igitur ex hoc ſydera omnia eſſe ca<lb></lb>lida: nam ſi omnia ſydera habent lucem, om<lb></lb>nia etiam miſcent. </s> <s id="s.000736">Elementa autem natura <lb></lb>ſua expertia ſunt omnis caloris ac lucis: ni<lb></lb>hil autem minus eſſe poteſt eo quòd nihil <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.000737">Omnis igitur lux calida eſt & miſcet, & <lb></lb>omne aſtrum ob id calidum. </s> <s id="s.000738">Dicitur autem <lb></lb>Saturnus frigidus <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> comparatione, quia <lb></lb>non tantum miſcet vt generationem in ho<lb></lb>noribus iuuet, ſed impedit, velut aqua tepida <lb></lb>feruenti miſta, minus efficit calidam. </s> <s id="s.000739">Ob id <lb></lb>ſatis magis <expan abbr="cõducit">conducit</expan> Saturnus quàm Iupiter, <lb></lb>quia ſata moderatiore calore <expan abbr="indigẽt">indigent</expan>, qualis <lb></lb>eſt in Saturno, non in Ioue. </s> <s id="s.000740">Non tamen mo<lb></lb>deratus eſt pro hominum propagatione. </s> <s id="s.000741">Om<lb></lb>nia igitur aſtra calida, omnia elementa fri<lb></lb>gida. </s> <s id="s.000742">Rurſus cœlum <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> calidum, neque fri<lb></lb>gidum. </s> <s id="s.000743">Decipiuntur plurimi in elementis ob <lb></lb>calorem violentum, aut impreſſum. </s> <s id="s.000744">Nam ex <lb></lb>actione aſtrorum elementorum partes ad <lb></lb>miſtionem veniunt, fiuntque potentia tales, <lb></lb>vt piper <expan abbr="calidũ">calidum</expan>: ſed hoc non eſt <expan abbr="elementũ">elementum</expan>, ſed <lb></lb><expan abbr="miſtũ">miſtum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.000745">Ignis <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> qui <expan abbr="lapidũ">lapidum</expan> colliſione accen<lb></lb>ditur, eſt caliditas <expan abbr="aſtrorũ">aſtrorum</expan> in corpore rarefa<lb></lb>cto. </s> <s id="s.000746">Violenta igitur caliditate miſta profundi <lb></lb>poſſunt, alia corrupta, vt in putridis: alia po<lb></lb>tentia, vt in ſatis & ſeminibus maximè: alia <lb></lb>impreſſa, vt in aëre æſtatis tempore: alia na<lb></lb>turali, vt in animalibus. </s> <s id="s.000747">Manifeſtum eſt igi<lb></lb>tur cur vita in montium iugis ſit perennis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg60"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ob puritatem aëris: non autem in Æthiopia, <lb></lb>ob calorem: neque in vallibus, quia aër ſim<lb></lb>plex non eſt, ſed calidus ac miſtus eſſe poſſit. <pb pagenum="375" xlink:href="016/01/024.jpg"></pb>In temperata igitur regione vbi venti orien<lb></lb>tales ſpirant, vita ſalubris ac diuturna. </s> <s id="s.000748">Sed <lb></lb>de his aliàs. </s> <s id="s.000749">Nunc ſolum ſcire ſufficiat, quòd <lb></lb>duæ tantùm ſint qualitates, calor cœli, & <lb></lb>humidum elementorum: ſiccum autem & <lb></lb>frigus horum ſunt priuationes. </s> <s id="s.000750">Sed & de his <lb></lb>poſteriùs agemus. </s> <s id="s.000751">Vt verò ad inſtitutum re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg61"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uertar, elementum non voco rem calidiſſi<lb></lb>mam, vel frigidiſſimam, quandoquidem <lb></lb>vix eam liceat reperire: ſed illud elemen<lb></lb>tum nunc dico, quod nec pabulo indiget, <lb></lb>nec ſpontè corrumpitur, nec vagatur, ſed <lb></lb>certam tenet ſedem, maximam habens mo<lb></lb>lem, eamque ſecundum naturam, ac ad gene<lb></lb>rationem paratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000752">Cumque nullum ho<lb></lb>rum igni conueniat, hunc, elementum haud <lb></lb>quaquam appellabimus. </s> <s id="s.000753">Mouetur autem hic, <lb></lb>impotens, viuere abſque alimento, aëremque <lb></lb>proximum adurit: hicque ardens flamma <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg62"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocatur. </s> <s id="s.000754">Eſt enim flamma nihil aliud, quam <lb></lb>aër accenſus. </s> <s id="s.000755">Hæc autem perpetuò moue<lb></lb>tur, nec vnquam quieſcit. </s> <s id="s.000756">Ignis enim ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia cum tenuiſſima ſit, & quod ſubie<lb></lb>ctum eſt illi ſemper vrat, perpetuò etiam <lb></lb>mouetur. </s> <s id="s.000757">Ob ſubtilitatem igitur per angu<lb></lb>ſtiſſima foramina ingreditur, ob motum ve<lb></lb>rò diuidit ac ſcindit, diſciſſa calore immen<lb></lb>ſo vrit, ac in propriam conuertit ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam. </s> <s id="s.000758">Ergo flamma non eadem vnquam <lb></lb>manet, ſed perpetua generatione altera al<lb></lb>teri ſuccedit, & ob id moueri eam ſemper <lb></lb>videri neceſſarium eſt. </s> <s id="s.000759">Nam quæ genita <lb></lb>iam eſt, aëris proximam partem inuadit, <lb></lb>humidumque eius depaſcitur, & moriendo <lb></lb>aliam nouam excitat flammam. </s> <s id="s.000760">Cum igitur <lb></lb>humidum quod prius erat in flammam ver<lb></lb>titur, aucta ex hac mutatione in immenſum <lb></lb>quantitate, nec poſſit quod illi ſubiectum <lb></lb>eſt pabulum ob duritiem pellere, neceſſa<lb></lb>riò in ſuperiorem partem vehementer aſ<lb></lb>cendit, & eam quæ iam ſuprà ipſam erat <lb></lb>accenſa impellit: vnde ſit vt ſurſum ple<lb></lb>rumque magno impetu flamma feratur ac <lb></lb>feriat. </s> <s id="s.000761">Si tamen tigna vrantur ſupernè, flam<lb></lb>mam eadem ratione deorſum ferri neceſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg63"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.000762">Non igitur flamma ſemper ſurſum fer<lb></lb>tur, ſed ob id plerunque, quòd pabulum in <lb></lb>imo poſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000763">Cùm tamen in imum fer<lb></lb>tur, adeò vrit, vt ſi humidum eſt quod vri<lb></lb>tur, repentè colliquatum ſuffocet ignem: ob <lb></lb>idque cerei conuerſa flamma inferius ſpontè <lb></lb>extinguuntur. </s> <s id="s.000764">Ligna autem non ſic, quòd <lb></lb>humidum colliquari non queat. </s> <s id="s.000765">Extinguun<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg64"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur etiam ob aliam rationem, quòd <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt di<lb></lb>xi) ſemper ſuperior pars flammæ ab inferio<lb></lb>re, quæ nutrimento proximior eſt, propelli<lb></lb>tur: vnde ſuprema flammæ pars continuò <lb></lb>tranſitu extincta in fumum vertitur. </s> <s id="s.000766">Eſt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg65"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim fumus medium inter flammam & aë<lb></lb>rem, atque ideò duplex. </s> <s id="s.000767">Quidam qui flam<lb></lb>mæ ſuccedit, & hic tenuis ac neceſſarius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000768">Omnis enim flamma in fumum vertitur: ſed <lb></lb>hic cum tenuiſſimus ſit, in aërem celeriter <lb></lb>tranſit, atque ob id nec ſuffocat, nec oculos <lb></lb>vrit, ſed ſolum calefacit ac ſiccat. </s> <s id="s.000769">Alter eſt <lb></lb>fumus qui flammæ præit generationem, at<lb></lb>que humidior eſt, ac oculos vrit & ſuffocat, <lb></lb>quòd in aërem non facilè conuertatur. </s> <s id="s.000770">Idem <lb></lb>plærunque ex carbonibus prauis ac humi<lb></lb>dioribus lignis excitari ſolet. </s> <s id="s.000771">Primus igitur <lb></lb>cùm flamma deſcendit in cereis conuerſis, <lb></lb>dum aſcendere nititur, flammæ ipſi occurrit, <lb></lb>eamque celerrimè ſuffocat. </s> <s id="s.000772">Declarauimus <lb></lb>enim quòd huius quantitas gignatur im<lb></lb>menſa, cùm ſingulis momentis flamma quæ <lb></lb>maximè à nutrimento remota eſt, & in am<lb></lb>bitu aëri vicina, in fumum tranſeat, cuius <lb></lb>copia nihil mirum eſt ignem illi occurren<lb></lb>tem celerrimè ſuffocari. </s> <s id="s.000773">Huius igitur motus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg66"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tam rapidi cauſa, flamma cuncta corrumpit, <lb></lb>non ſolius immenſæ caliditatis ratione. </s> <s id="s.000774">Sed <lb></lb>tamen motus hic in flamma interior, quia <lb></lb>ſenſim fit, nos latet. </s> <s id="s.000775">Nec flamma tota illicò <lb></lb>perit, ſed quæ ſolùm eſt in ambitu: nam quæ <lb></lb>in medio eſt, tandiu manet, donec ad extre<lb></lb>mum in contactu aëris perueniat, aliter in <lb></lb>flammæ medio non eſſet. </s> <s id="s.000776">Sed fumus retrò <lb></lb>quandoque agitur, vel ob impetum, vel re<lb></lb>pulſus, vel prohibitus. </s> <s id="s.000777">Impetus fit vel ob <lb></lb>multitudinem, vel ob celeritatem motus. </s> <s id="s.000778">Li<lb></lb>gna igitur viridia & multitudo flammæ, re<lb></lb>plent cubicula fumo. </s> <s id="s.000779">Venti quoque repel<lb></lb>lunt fumum, & anguſtia camini prohibet <lb></lb>exitum, vel ſi anguſtior ſit in vno, vt non re<lb></lb>cipiat. </s> <s id="s.000780">Maxima autem cauſa eſt à ventis. </s> <s id="s.000781">Nam <lb></lb>fumus altius ſemper aſcendit, tum ob impe<lb></lb>tum à flamma conceptum, tum ob leuita<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.000782">Vbi ventis occurrat, maximè vbi copia <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.024.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/024/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>viridium lignorum adſit, retrogreditur: & <lb></lb>qui ex quatuor partibus foramina habet, ab <lb></lb>omni vento impeditur: nam vndique patet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000783">Auxilium à nobis ratione excogitatum. </s> <s id="s.000784">In <lb></lb>quatuor partibus, oriente, occidente, meri<lb></lb>die, ſeptentrione binos colloca canales ficti<lb></lb>les ex aduerſo poſitos, ita vt alter ſurſum fe<lb></lb>ratur, reliquus deorſum: nam impoſſibile eſt <lb></lb>octo ventos, quatuor inferius <expan abbr="tẽdentes">tendentes</expan>, qua<lb></lb>tuor autem ſuperiùs, à quatuor cœli princi<lb></lb>palibus regionibus ſpirare. </s> <s id="s.000785">Quod ni fiat, fu<lb></lb>mus minimè poteſt retrò pelli: atque id <lb></lb>etiam experimento ad amuſſim comproba<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000786">Adiuuat autem non parum latitudo <lb></lb>faucium in imo. </s> <s id="s.000787">Plerunque etiam tutiores <lb></lb>canales decliues tantum. </s> <s id="s.000788">Sed tutior omnibus <lb></lb>eſt qui vagina circumcingitur, quæ inferiùs <lb></lb>non cohæret tecto. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000789"><margin.target id="marg58"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio oſtendens <lb></lb>quòd omnia <lb></lb>elementa <lb></lb>ſunt frigi<lb></lb>diſſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000790"><margin.target id="marg59"></margin.target>Sidera om<lb></lb>nia calida. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000791">eſſe.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000792"><margin.target id="marg60"></margin.target>Aër vitæ ſa<lb></lb>lubrior.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000793"><margin.target id="marg61"></margin.target>Ignem hunc <lb></lb>non eſſe ele<lb></lb>mentum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000794"><margin.target id="marg62"></margin.target>Flamma <lb></lb>quid ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000795">Cur flamma <lb></lb>nunquam <lb></lb>quieſcat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000796">Ignis quo<lb></lb>modo vrat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000797">Flamma non <lb></lb>eadem ma<lb></lb>net. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000798">Cur flamma <lb></lb>plerunque <lb></lb>aſcendat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000799"><margin.target id="marg63"></margin.target>Cur cerei <lb></lb>conuerſi ex<lb></lb>tinguæntur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000800"><margin.target id="marg64"></margin.target>Fumus quo<lb></lb>modo gene<lb></lb>retur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000801"><margin.target id="marg65"></margin.target>Fumus du<lb></lb>plex.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000802"><margin.target id="marg66"></margin.target>Cauſæ cur <lb></lb>cubicula fu<lb></lb>mo replean<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000803">Caminus fu<lb></lb>mum non re<lb></lb>mittens.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000804">Cùm igitur ad hoc vt ignis vrat tria ſint <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg67"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>neceſſaria, pabulum, motus, & quod pene<lb></lb>tret, cùm in flamma motus maior ſit ac ma<lb></lb>nifeſtior, atque ideò etiam introitus qui ad <lb></lb>motum conſequitur maior, minimè obſcu<lb></lb>rum eſt cur flamma reliquo igne ſit viua<lb></lb>tior: ideoque cerei dum flamma viget tan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg68"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diu ardent donec ſuppetit alimentum: cùm <lb></lb>flamma deſinit, ſpontè vel momento peni<lb></lb>tus extinguuntur. </s> <s id="s.000805">Quia tamen flamma <pb pagenum="376" xlink:href="016/01/025.jpg"></pb>multum abſumit alimenti, ideò perſæpe mi<lb></lb>nus durat prunis: ſed hoc non merito ſui <lb></lb>eſt, ſed quia celerius alimentum finitur. </s> <s id="s.000806">His <lb></lb>de cauſis & à pingui humido flammæ diu<lb></lb>turnæ, & à tenui atque ſicca ſubſtantia im<lb></lb>menſæ creantur. </s> <s id="s.000807">Nam in tenui & arida <lb></lb>ſubſtantia celeriter flamma flammæ ſucce<lb></lb>dit, atque ob id in maximam molem creſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000808">Quòd ſi hæc ambo iungantur, & arida, te<lb></lb>nuiſque ſubſtantia, & pingue ac plurimum <lb></lb>humidum, velut in bitumine, tunc flam<lb></lb>mæ maximæ, & diuturnæ excitantur. </s> <s id="s.000809">Ob <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg69"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>id verò manifeſtum ſit, cur bitumini ar<lb></lb>denti aqua iniecta maiores excitet flam<lb></lb>mas, quod etiam Georgius Agricola, vir <lb></lb>noſtræ tempeſtatis memoria dignus, narrat: <lb></lb>eſſe ſcilicet in Iſlandia inſula montem, no<lb></lb>mine Heclam, ex quo ignis emiſſus ſiccis <lb></lb>extinguatur, aqua verò alitur. </s> <s id="s.000810">Id autem fer<lb></lb>mè commune eſt omnibus validioribus <lb></lb>flammis: vnde etiam fabri inſperſa aqua <lb></lb>ignes excitare ſolent: cùm enim ardentior <lb></lb>fuerit ignis, à frigido incitatur, & ab hu<lb></lb>mido alitur, quorum vtrunque aquæ ineſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg70"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ea de cauſa etiam ignis qui follibus accen<lb></lb>ditur, cùm validus ſit, aqua modica non <lb></lb>extinguitur, ſed robuſtior euadit. </s> <s id="s.000811">Folles <lb></lb>namque ignes accendunt, quoniam mo<lb></lb>tum concitant: inde ex motu penetrat <lb></lb>vis & exurit. </s> <s id="s.000812">Neceſſarij autem ſunt in me<lb></lb>tallis, quoniam à paruo igne non liqueſ<lb></lb>cunt, ſed ſerò, ideò prius exuruntur quàm <lb></lb>liqueſcant. </s> <s id="s.000813">Sed à follibus ignis accenſus <lb></lb>mouetur & penetrat, ac colliquat metalla. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000814">Vnde non paruum compendium in celeri <lb></lb>exitu, & quòd minus impenſæ perit, & <lb></lb>metalli portio minor vritur. </s> <s id="s.000815">Folles igi<lb></lb>tur ad accendendum ignem atque mollien<lb></lb>dum ac liquandum aptiſſimi ſunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000816"><margin.target id="marg67"></margin.target>Flamma cur <lb></lb>igne alio vi<lb></lb>uacior.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000817"><margin.target id="marg68"></margin.target>Cauſæ ma<lb></lb>gnarum <expan abbr="flã-marum">flam<lb></lb>marum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000818"><margin.target id="marg69"></margin.target>Cur aqua <lb></lb>quandoque <lb></lb>ignes exci<lb></lb>tet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000819"><margin.target id="marg70"></margin.target>Folles cur <lb></lb>accendant <lb></lb>ignem, & <lb></lb>vbi magis <lb></lb>neceſſarij.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000820">Itaque vt ad inſtitutum reuertar, aqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg71"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſolet vehementes accendere ignes, quoniam <lb></lb>humidum ipſum quod exhalat, pinguius <lb></lb>redditur, nec à circumfuſo fumo abſumi<lb></lb>tur, ſed totum ignis ipſe depaſcitur, quo <lb></lb>purior inde factus, & ſimul collectus à <lb></lb>frigido alacrior inſurgit. </s> <s id="s.000821">Vnde etiam ignes <lb></lb>qui aqua excitantur & accenduntur: conſtat <lb></lb>autem pice nauali & Græca, ſulphure, vini <lb></lb>fæce, quàm vocant tartarum, ſarcocolla, ha<lb></lb>linitro, bituminis ſpecie, illa quam vocant <lb></lb>petroleum. </s> <s id="s.000822">Relatum hoc ad Marcum Grae<lb></lb>cum. </s> <s id="s.000823">Additur igitur calx viua duplo pon<lb></lb>dere, & cum ouorum luteis pariter miſcen<lb></lb>tur omnia, & in fimo equino ſepeliuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000824">Aliud: Sulphurei olei, petrolei, iuniperini <lb></lb>olei, & halinitri æquales ſingulorum par<lb></lb>tes: nigræ picis, pinguedinum anſeris, & <lb></lb>anatis, ſtercoris columini, eius liquoris, <lb></lb>quam vocant liquidam vernicem conſtant <lb></lb>autem oleo ſeminis lini, rurſus ſingulorum <lb></lb>tantundem: aſphalti partes quinque: exci<lb></lb>pe ardente aqua, & in fimo equino ſepeli. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000825">Aliud etiam: Vernicis liquidæ, ſulphurei <lb></lb>olei, & iuniperini, & eius quod fit ex lini <lb></lb>ſemine, & petrolei, & lachrymæ lariginæ <lb></lb>partes æquas ſingulorum; aquæ ardentis <lb></lb>tres ac mediam, tum halinitri, ligni lau<lb></lb>rini ſicci vi puluerem redactorum quan<lb></lb>tum ſufficit, vt omnia ſimul miſta, luti <lb></lb>ſpiſſitudinem recipiant. </s> <s id="s.000826">Hæc omnia vitreo <lb></lb>vaſe excipe, & in fimo equino tribus men<lb></lb>ſibus ſepeli. </s> <s id="s.000827">Si igitur ex his pilæ lignis hę<lb></lb>reant, ſpontè imbribus accenduntur: ſed <lb></lb>hoc non omninò ſemper euenit. </s> <s id="s.000828">Illud au<lb></lb>tem ſemper euenit, vt iam accenſus nul<lb></lb>lis aquis extinguatur. </s> <s id="s.000829">Puluis autem qui fa<lb></lb>cillimè ardet, & cuius flamma vehementer <lb></lb>exurit, conſtat pyrio puluere, & tertia ſul<lb></lb>phuris ac Græcæ picis parte. </s> <s id="s.000830">Porrò plu<lb></lb>ra his in libris de rerum Varietate ſcrip<lb></lb>ſimus: hi autem exercitationem omnium <lb></lb>continent locupletem, quæ hîc ratione <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg72"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>explicantur. </s> <s id="s.000831">Quonam pacto verò aquâ non <lb></lb>extinguantur hi ignes, facilè patet conſi<lb></lb>deranti, quòd motum adeò vehementem <lb></lb>ciunt, vt flamma flammæ follium loco ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000832">Ob id igitur paruam flammam facilè eſt <lb></lb>extinguere, magnam autem difficillimum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg73"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Non ſolùm enim quòd maior ſit, diffici<lb></lb>liùs extinguitur parua, ſed quòd motum <lb></lb>excitet vehementem, à quo ( vt dixi ) <lb></lb>flamma fouetur. </s> <s id="s.000833">Ab magnitudine autem <lb></lb>motus & flammæ procul abeſſe coguntur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg74"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>homines: vnde etiam auxilium primò deeſt, <lb></lb>inde fumo abundante ſubit deſperatio. </s> <s id="s.000834">In <lb></lb>his caſibus tria auxilia ſolùm ſuperſunt: vt <lb></lb>detrahatur materia ardere apta, vel vt <lb></lb>murus ex lapidibus erigatur, lapideſque ſu<lb></lb>per incendium proiiciantur, quo quidam <lb></lb>amici noſtri vicinam ſuam domum ab in<lb></lb>cendio ſeruauerunt: vel quo vti ſolemus <lb></lb>dum luci ardent, aut ſegetes, vt pars in <lb></lb>quam ignis fertur accendatur. </s> <s id="s.000835">Nam ſic <lb></lb>extincto eo igne, vel etiam nondum ex<lb></lb>tincto, maiori ſubtracta materia, peri<lb></lb>culoſo, ſed vtili tamen inuento, ſerua<lb></lb>mus reliquum. </s> <s id="s.000836">Hoc autem auxilij gene<lb></lb>re ſeruati ſunt luci noſtri in Nouarienſi <lb></lb>agro, non multum abſimili, quo loci <lb></lb>dominus ſæpe ſeipſum à periculo libe<lb></lb>rauit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000837"><margin.target id="marg71"></margin.target>Ignes qui <lb></lb>aqua non ex<lb></lb>tinguuntur <lb></lb>artificioſi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000838"><margin.target id="marg72"></margin.target>Libri de re<lb></lb>rum Varie<lb></lb>tate ſunt <lb></lb>praxis hu<lb></lb>ius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000839"><margin.target id="marg73"></margin.target>Magna <expan abbr="flã-ma">flanm<lb></lb>ma</expan> tribus <lb></lb>cauſis diffi<lb></lb>cile extin<lb></lb>guitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000840"><margin.target id="marg74"></margin.target>Auxilia ex<lb></lb>tinguendi <lb></lb>magna in<lb></lb>cendia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000841">Sunt igitur bitumine loca abundantia, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg75"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vel ſulphure, quæ ſpontè ardent, & aqua <lb></lb>minimè extinguuntur. </s> <s id="s.000842">Ætnæ in Sicilia <lb></lb>montis famoſiſſimum eſt incendium. </s> <s id="s.000843">Cra<lb></lb>teres duo, inferior in putei formam an<lb></lb>guſtus, anguſto labro lapideo circumcin<lb></lb>gente: ſuperior verò ab imo ( vt referunt) <lb></lb>fundæ iactu diſtat, quatuor habens in am<lb></lb>bitu ſtadia ad centum M. paſſuum: cineres <lb></lb>circumquaque effundit, ſumma caligine <lb></lb>cuncta biduo offuſcans, quod etiam Pli<lb></lb>nius affirmat. </s> <s id="s.000844">Sed noſtris temporibus re<lb></lb>miſſum videtur. </s> <s id="s.000845">Puteolis verò parum an<lb></lb>tequàm hæc ſcriberemus (XX. M. paſſuum, <lb></lb>vt audio, à Neapoli diſtant ) maxima ex <lb></lb>incendio iactura contigit. </s> <s id="s.000846">Fiunt igitur hi <lb></lb>ignes vbi ſulphur aut bitumen gignitur, <lb></lb>plerunque autem iuxta mare, quòd bitu<lb></lb>men, & ſulphur à marinis ſordibus ac ca<lb></lb>lore fomentum accipiant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000847"><margin.target id="marg75"></margin.target>Loca quæ <lb></lb>ardent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000848">Quomodo autem accendatur parata mate<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg76"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ria, inferius dicemus. </s> <s id="s.000849">Ignis autem qui inter<lb></lb>diu latet, & ſolùm noctu videtur, quemadmo<lb></lb>dum in Apennini Mugellano videmus, inno<lb></lb>xius eſt arboribus <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> etiam herbis. </s> <s id="s.000850">Duplex <lb></lb>hic: alius ignis verè, ſed à vaporibus qui ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſu <expan abbr="tẽporis">temporis</expan> cùm <expan abbr="materiã">materiam</expan> ſubeſſe ſignificet, <lb></lb><expan abbr="iacturã">iacturam</expan> affert. </s> <s id="s.000851">Alius eſt omninò innoxius, qui <lb></lb>non verè ignis, ſed velut materia putrida li-<pb pagenum="377" xlink:href="016/01/026.jpg"></pb><expan abbr="gnorũ">gnorum</expan> ignem noctu ſolo ſplendore, ſed <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg77"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>calore refert. </s> <s id="s.000852"><expan abbr="Eiuſdẽ">Eiuſdem</expan> fermè generis ignis ve<lb></lb>ri eſt Helenæ ſidus circa malum nauis, quod <lb></lb>cadens etiam ænea vaſa colliquat, certus <lb></lb>ſubmerſionis nuncius. </s> <s id="s.000853">Nam ſolùm in gra<lb></lb>uibus accidit tempeſtatibus, nec niſi craſſiſ<lb></lb>ſimo ſpiritu & magna ventorum vi vapor <lb></lb>ille cogi poteſt in naui, & ardere ſimul vn<lb></lb>de etiam imminentem nunciat perniciem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000854">Velut è diuerſo Caſtoris olim ac Pollucis, <lb></lb>nunc Petri & Nicolai diuorum numina, ſeu <lb></lb>potiùs lumina gemina. </s> <s id="s.000855"><expan abbr="Nonnunquã">Nonnunquam</expan> in Ocea<lb></lb>no terna, imò ibi frequentius quàm gemina, <lb></lb>ob maioremc <expan abbr="oncuſſionẽ">concuſſionem</expan>. </s> <s id="s.000856">Vocant tunc ea, <lb></lb>Diui Nicolai, Helenæ, & Claræ, ſignificato <lb></lb>deducto à claritate, ab antiqua ſuperſtitione <lb></lb>ſideris Helenæ, & quòd Nicolaus ex qua<lb></lb>dam hiſtoria nauigantibus præeſſe credatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000857">In mediterraneo autem mari ſolùm gemi<lb></lb>na, & plerunque in rudentibus, ex vnoque <lb></lb>in alterum, velut aues cum quodam ſono <lb></lb>ſalientia, finem tempeſtatis, nec non ſe<lb></lb>curitatem oſtendunt. </s> <s id="s.000858">Sunt enim vapores <lb></lb>rudentibus hærentes, qui ſucceſſu temporis, <lb></lb>igne ex altero in alterum tranſeunte, ſpe<lb></lb>ciem cerei accenſi præbent. </s> <s id="s.000859">Indicant autem <lb></lb>ſalutem, quòd parui ſint, quòd minimè len<lb></lb>ti, in vnum enim coiſſent, quodque breui <lb></lb>abſumantur ſinguli: quanquam falſa ima<lb></lb>gine ſaliendi, qui plures ſunt, plerun<lb></lb>que duos referant, cùm ſucceſſu multi <lb></lb>continuò ſpeciem vnius diuturnioris effi<lb></lb>ciant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg78"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000860"><margin.target id="marg76"></margin.target>Ignis inno<lb></lb>xius plan<lb></lb>tis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000861"><margin.target id="marg77"></margin.target>Helenæ ſidus <lb></lb>quòd ſub<lb></lb>merſionem <lb></lb>nauium <lb></lb>nunciat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000862"><margin.target id="marg78"></margin.target>Folium mo<lb></lb>tus quomo<lb></lb>do.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000863">Diximus hucuſque de igne, folliumque <lb></lb>interim vtilitatem adiunximus: par verò <lb></lb>videtur vt etiam motus rationem adiicia<lb></lb>mus: ſiquidem, vt diximus, nihil egregium <lb></lb>fit ab igne qui follibus non iuuetur. </s> <s id="s.000864">Du<lb></lb>plures illos eſſe oportet, ſeu duo ſint, ſeu <lb></lb>quatuor, ſeu plures, vt opera nunquam in<lb></lb>termittatur. </s> <s id="s.000865">Horum motus alternis vicibus <lb></lb>variatur, ac miſtus planè eſt, ex violento, <lb></lb>quo aperiuntur, & aërem trahunt: & na<lb></lb>turali, quo ſpontè decidentes conceptum <lb></lb>iam aërem exprimunt. </s> <s id="s.000866">Manifeſtum eſt au<lb></lb>tem, quòd quò celerius expreſſerint, eò <lb></lb>acrius ignem impellere: ob hoc ponderi<lb></lb>bus ea onerant. </s> <s id="s.000867">Sed quia quæ grauia ſunt <lb></lb>non facilè nec celeriter attolluntur, ideò <arrow.to.target n="marg79"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>magnis rotis & magno aquarum impetu <lb></lb>machina illorum voluenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.000868">His igitur <lb></lb>cauſis manifeſtum eſt, non poſſe glaciem, <lb></lb>etſi frigidiſſima ſit, tantùm lædere frigidita<lb></lb>te, quantum ignis calore. </s> <s id="s.000869">Nam vt ignis mo<lb></lb>tu omnia penetrat, introituque prius diſſi<lb></lb>pat ipſa, quàm vrat, ſic glacies quiete qua<lb></lb>dam conſtat & craſſa ſubſtantia, quibus fit, <lb></lb>ne omninò poſſit penetrare quicquam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000870">Quòd enim glacies non minus frigida ſit <lb></lb>quàm calidus ignis, oſtendit experimen<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.000871">Nam ſi ligno aut lateri ardenti, glaciei <lb></lb>tantundem imponas, non celeriùs glacies <lb></lb>diſſoluetur, quàm extinguatur ex toto ignis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000872">Nam vt ignis motu & tenuitate magis pe<lb></lb>netrat, ac facilius corrumpit & depaſcitur <lb></lb>quàm glacies: indicioque eſt, introitum & <lb></lb>ſubtilitatem horum effectuum mirabilium <lb></lb>eſſe cauſas, quòd quæ penetrabilia non ſunt, <lb></lb>vt aurum & adamas, ab igni non abſumun<lb></lb>tur neque vtuntur, nec omninò verè ignea <lb></lb>dici poſſunt: ita glacies denſitate ſua & <lb></lb>quiete magis reſiſtit, & diutius permanet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg80"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Vt enim ignis ſemper fit, ſic glacies eadem <lb></lb>manet, & multis annis quandoque durat in <lb></lb>gelidis ſub Vrſa montibus, ſicut & nix. </s> <s id="s.000873">Ergo <lb></lb>glacies ac ignis penitus contraria ſunt. </s> <s id="s.000874">Ignis <lb></lb>enim calidiſſimus, tenuiſſimus, celerrimi mo<lb></lb>tus, ac qui facilè omnia inuadat, & momen<lb></lb>to maneat ſolùm: at glacies frigidiſſima, <lb></lb>denſiſſima, quieta omninò, lenti progreſſus, <lb></lb>& maximè diuturna. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000875"><margin.target id="marg79"></margin.target>Ignis cur <lb></lb>magis calore <lb></lb>lædat, quàm <lb></lb>glacies fri<lb></lb>gore.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000876"><margin.target id="marg80"></margin.target>Ignis & <lb></lb>glacies pe<lb></lb>nitùs con<lb></lb>traria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000877">Ergo magnæ quæſtionis iam ſolutio ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg81"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>his emergit, ſcilicet, an ignis hic noſter ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia ſit, an accidens. </s> <s id="s.000878">Si enim ſubſtantia <lb></lb>foret, videbatur durum, quonam pacto in <lb></lb>candenti ferro duæ eſſent ſimul ſubſtantiæ <lb></lb>mutuò penetrabiles, ignea atque ferrea: tum <lb></lb>verò ſi altera diſſoluatur, vtpote ferrea ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, dum ignem concipit, fiet corruptio, <lb></lb>dum extinguitur ignis generatio fieri dice<lb></lb>tur, quod perabſurdum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000879">Si verò aerem <lb></lb>ſolùm qui intus eſt ardere latere ardente di<lb></lb>cas, non diſſolueretur ſubſtantia ligni in <lb></lb>cineres, nec ferrum deterius adeò euaderet: <lb></lb>igitur humidum proprium ferri, dum later <lb></lb>ferreus accenſus eſt, ardet. </s> <s id="s.000880">Quòd ſi omni<lb></lb>nò ignis accidens eſt, quomodo ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam immutat lignorum in cinerem, ac fer<lb></lb>rum omniaque fermè abſumit? </s> <s id="s.000881">Itaque ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) hic ignis nihil aliud eſt, quàm ſum<lb></lb>ma caliditas cum ſiccitate iuncta. </s> <s id="s.000882">Nec ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia dici poteſt, niſi vt glacies, ſi pro re, <lb></lb>quę gelu <expan abbr="cõcreta">concreta</expan> eſt intelligatur, ita ignis pro <lb></lb>re ipſa quæ ardet. </s> <s id="s.000883">Ignis igitur accidens om<lb></lb>nino eſt, atque caliditas cum ſiccitate ſum<lb></lb>ma, inhæretque ſubſtantiæ ſemper quemad<lb></lb>modum reliqua accidentia: non igitur ele<lb></lb>mentum eſſe poteſt, quod & ſuperius de<lb></lb>monſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.000884">Nam naturæ principium ca<lb></lb>ſu quodam conſtaret, ac pabulo incerto cir<lb></lb>cumferri oporteret, imò eadem ratione gla<lb></lb>cies aliud eſſet elementum. </s> <s id="s.000885">Quòd ſi elemen<lb></lb>tum aliud eſt ignis, ſiquidem æqualiter cali<lb></lb>dus eſt ac hic, aut magis, igitur & ille pa<lb></lb>bulò indigebit, quoniam paſci neceſſe erit: <lb></lb>vnde igitur tantæ moli pabulum? </s> <s id="s.000886">Si verò <lb></lb>minus calidus eſt, ceſſat ratio ob quam ſta<lb></lb>tuebatur elementum. </s> <s id="s.000887">Siquidem ob hoc ele<lb></lb>mentum ignis poſitus fuit, quòd eſſet ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia calidiſſima quædam ac ſicciſſima, <lb></lb>vtranque habens harum qualitatum, vel al<lb></lb>teram ſaltem perfectam: at non habebit, <lb></lb>cùm iam conſtet hunc ignem illo eſſo longè <lb></lb>calidiorem, ſicciorem, ardentiorem, ac ma<lb></lb>gis penetrabilem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000888"><margin.target id="marg81"></margin.target>Ignis quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000889">Sed & alterius dubitationis clara ſolutio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg82"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>emergit, an ſcilicet ignis igne calidior ſit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000890">Conſtat autem, quòd non ob ſolam mate<lb></lb>riam ignis calidior euadit, vt qui in ferro <lb></lb>eſt, eo qui in palea, & qui in quercus lignis, <lb></lb>eo qui in ſalíginis, ſed velut in glacie quæ<lb></lb>dam vix coacta eſt, alia dura, alia prædura, <lb></lb>ita ignis quidam vix eſt ignis, vt cùm cande<lb></lb>re ferrum incipit: alius candidor, alius ſplen<lb></lb>didiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.000891">Cùm enim accidens ſit, augeri ac <lb></lb>minui poteſt. </s> <s id="s.000892">Itaque ignis igne validior <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg83"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>euadit ſex modis. </s> <s id="s.000893">Natura, vt diximus: <lb></lb>ardentior enim celerius exurit ac ma<lb></lb>gis. </s> <s id="s.000894">Materia, vt qui in ferro ſedem ha<lb></lb>bet, eo qui in ſtipulis. </s> <s id="s.000895">Motu, nam magis <pb pagenum="378" xlink:href="016/01/027.jpg"></pb>fit penetrabilis: Magnitudine, ſeu propria, <lb></lb>ſeu diuturnitate temporis: hoc enim nemini <lb></lb>obſcurum eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.000896">Denique reſpirationis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg84"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>impedimento: non ignorant hoc nautæ, qui <lb></lb>exiguo foculo ollam ſuperponentes ollę, om<lb></lb>nes feruere cogunt, vnde paupertati con<lb></lb>ſultum. </s> <s id="s.000897">Sed oportet <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) ne proprio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg85"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fumo extinguatur igniculus, paululum illum <lb></lb>reſpirare. </s> <s id="s.000898">Ob id qui impenſæ conſulunt, fur<lb></lb>nos exiguos ollæ in modum ex ære confi<lb></lb>ciunt, clatratos in imo ſtrictè ex ferro, vt <lb></lb>cinis excidere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.000899">Vltimus modus eſt, <lb></lb>cum cogitur ignis, atque ob id calx aqua ac<lb></lb>cenditur: nam calor in fornace acquiſitus <lb></lb>ac latitans, cùm (vt dixi) ex genere ignis ſit, <lb></lb>exiguæ aquæ frigore intus concluditur, <lb></lb>tum motu, tum coitione ipſa in ignem <lb></lb>euadit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg86"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000900"><margin.target id="marg82"></margin.target>Ignis igne <lb></lb>calidior eſt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000901"><margin.target id="marg83"></margin.target>Ignis ſex <lb></lb>modis vali<lb></lb>dior euadit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000902"><margin.target id="marg84"></margin.target>Modus co<lb></lb>quendi cum <lb></lb>modico igne.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000903"><margin.target id="marg85"></margin.target>Cur calx <lb></lb>aqua accen<lb></lb>datur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000904"><margin.target id="marg86"></margin.target>Calx quæ <lb></lb>optima.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000905">Optima igitur calx eſt, quæ ſuperfuſa <lb></lb>aqua maximos edit ſtrepitus, & ignem <lb></lb>concipit, ligna accendens proxima. </s> <s id="s.000906">Eſt hęc <lb></lb>plerunque coloris cinerei: nam in candida <lb></lb>iam ignis exhalauit, quia aër ingreſſus eſt: <lb></lb>candor enim fit ingrediente neceſſariò aë<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.000907">Talis autem ex ſolidioribus lapidibus fit: <lb></lb>nam lapides, vt ſolidiores extiterint, maio<lb></lb>rem & diuturniorem calorem retinent. </s> <s id="s.000908">Quo<lb></lb>modo verò calor in his quæ ardent relin<lb></lb>quatur, & motu ac coitione ignis accen<lb></lb>datur, inferius oſtendemus. </s> <s id="s.000909">Verùm motus <lb></lb>non ſolùm penetrare magis cogit, ſed & ca<arrow.to.target n="marg87"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lorem ipſum accendit, atque ( vt dixi ignem <lb></lb>igne calidiorem reddit. </s> <s id="s.000910">Nihil mirum igitur <lb></lb>eſt fulmini tantam ineſſe vim, ac ignem <lb></lb>illum, quaſi ab aliorum ignium natura alie<lb></lb>num miracula quædam efficere. </s> <s id="s.000911">Namque ob <lb></lb>motum celerem non ſolùm magis penetrat, <lb></lb>ſed ignis ille multò calidior reliquo omni <lb></lb>igne exiſtit. </s> <s id="s.000912">Itaque omnia animalia præter <lb></lb>hominem ſolo contactu occidit, hominem <lb></lb>verò vix vnquam euadere licet. </s> <s id="s.000913">Euaſit tamen <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg88"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ioannes Maria Cardanus, & ſuperuixit raro <lb></lb>miraculo. </s> <s id="s.000914">Quis verò eſt alius ignis, qui ſolo <lb></lb>contactu occidat ( hoc igitur ei <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> proprium <lb></lb>eſt, quòd calidiſſimus ſit calidiſſimorum, at<lb></lb>que ( vt ita dicere liceat <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ignis ignium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000915">Quamobrem & multum refert, an procul, & <lb></lb>& ex alto veniat, aut prope. </s> <s id="s.000916">Itaque illæſa <lb></lb>quandoque crumena pecunias colliquat: ne<lb></lb>que eſt enim hoc aut fabuloſum, aut mirum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000917">Namque quod lædit, aut mole, aut mora <lb></lb>corrumpit: hic cùm tenuiſſimus ſit, crume<lb></lb>nam non diſcerpit: cùm verò velociſſimè <lb></lb>moueatur, non hæret, atque ob id crumenæ <lb></lb>innoxium. </s> <s id="s.000918">Tranſire autem nec hærere ob <lb></lb>ſubtilitatem in crumenam docet aër, qui & <lb></lb>ipſe vacua diducta crumena ingreditur, at<lb></lb>que illam implet: quod fieri non poſſet, ni <lb></lb>per abditos meatus ingrederetur, quando<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg89"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quidem ipſius os diligenter obſtructum ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000919">Ergo ignis ſcintilla, fulminiſque pars aëre <lb></lb>ipſo longè tenuior, poſtquàm ingreſſa fue<lb></lb>rit, metallo infigitur, ac præſtantiſſima illa <lb></lb>vi, tum impetu, ipſum repentè liquat. </s> <s id="s.000920">Hanc <lb></lb>tam excellentem caloris ac ſiccitatis ïmmo<lb></lb>dicæ vim, velut raram, & ob raritatem oc<lb></lb>cultam, quidam turpiter proprietatem ap<lb></lb>pellarunt, cùm conſtet immodicum eſſe ca<lb></lb>lorem, ac ( vt dixi ) ignis ignium. </s> <s id="s.000921">Mirum <lb></lb>autem minimè eſſe debet, ignem hunc, aut <lb></lb>alium quempiam, lapides accendere poſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000922">Nam ferrum haud candens, tamen accen<lb></lb>dit lignum & ardere facit, & lignum ſul<lb></lb>phur, quamvis lignum non ardeat & ſul<lb></lb>phur vitæ aquam vocatam: quod enim ſo<lb></lb>lidius eſt, quod potentia tenuius eſt euincit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000923">In ſolidiſſima igitur materia ignis feruen<lb></lb>tior lapides accendere poterit. </s> <s id="s.000924">Latet autem <lb></lb>hoc, quod magno vſui eſſe poteſt ad vr<lb></lb>bium expugnationem. </s> <s id="s.000925">Oportet autem cùm <lb></lb>magno motu hoc ignium genus neceſſariò <lb></lb>coniunctum eſſe, & ( vt dixi) in ſolidiſſima <lb></lb>materia. </s> <s id="s.000926">Sed cur fulmen columnas non fe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg90"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rit, non carinas? </s> <s id="s.000927">Rarò quidem hæc ferit, non <lb></lb>tamen nunquam: nam Florentiæ in æde <lb></lb>maxima, ſeu potius in ædis ambitu, vidi<lb></lb>mus columnam fulgure percuſſam ac viola<lb></lb>tam: non tamen ferit frequunter, nec adeò <lb></lb>diſiicit, quòd ob rotunditatem ictus labatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000928">Carinas non ferit eadem ratione, niſi rarò: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg91"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nam vltra quinque cubitos ſub terra deſcen<lb></lb>dere negatur. </s> <s id="s.000929">Humilis autem eſt carina na<lb></lb>uis, ac celſa maius, quam frequenter tangit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000930">Ergo certum eſt contra fulgura auxilium, <lb></lb>profundis ſpecubus ſe abdere: tutiùs enim <lb></lb>hoc quàm vel lauro coronari, aut vituli ma<lb></lb>rini pelle tegi, aut æquilæ, aut hyacinthum <lb></lb>lapidem geſtare: nam negant hæc fulmine <lb></lb>tangi. </s> <s id="s.000931">Quidam ficum pro lauro ſcripſerunt: <lb></lb>laurum cohibere comitiales & dæmonas, id <lb></lb>eſt, perſuaſionem illam meticuloſam. </s> <s id="s.000932">At de <lb></lb>hyacintho inferius diſputabimus: nam non <lb></lb>leues ſunt autores, qui hoc affirmant. </s> <s id="s.000933">Fulmi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg92"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nis admiranda vis olim fuit, ſed deſiit eſſe, <lb></lb>bellicorum tormentorum nunc effectibus & <lb></lb>copia: parum enim abeſſe videntur à fulmi<lb></lb>nis violentia. </s> <s id="s.000934">Illud vnde veniat, & quam <lb></lb>procul, neſcimus, neque quantum ſecum <lb></lb>ponderis ferat. </s> <s id="s.000935">Sunt etiam qui affirment <lb></lb>ſolum ignem eſſe cum impetu, lapidem nul<lb></lb>lum. </s> <s id="s.000936">Hoc ſolùm certò ſcimus, turres inte<lb></lb>gras quandoque vno ictu diſiici. </s> <s id="s.000937">Cardani è <lb></lb>turre vnica, quæ ſola ſupereſt, ſed antiqua <lb></lb>tamen, laterum pluſquàm 12000. vno ictu <lb></lb>excuſſit, ac diſiecit. </s> <s id="s.000938">At machinæ hæ 60. <lb></lb>pleræque pondo ferri per 5000. paſſuum <lb></lb>( mirabile certè dictu, ni dicto experientia <lb></lb>fidem faceret ) ferunt: eædem muros qua<lb></lb>tiunt, excutiuntque turritas vrbes, nec vlla <lb></lb>vis tanto malo reſiſtere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.000939">Leuiſſima <lb></lb>ære ex Cyprio factitio tubæ in modum ca<lb></lb>nalis efficitur. </s> <s id="s.000940">Neque arctiores, aut latiores <lb></lb>in imo eſſe decet, quippe latiores à pila non <lb></lb>exactè cluduntur, & ideò minus habent im<lb></lb>petus. </s> <s id="s.000941">Quòd ſi cludantur, periculum fracturæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg93"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſubeunt, ob pulueris multitudinem: Arctio<lb></lb>res autem ni longiores efficiantur, quantum <lb></lb>oportet pulueris minimè ſuſcipiunt. </s> <s id="s.000942">Si lon<lb></lb>giores in imo fiant, breuiores euadunt ſupe<lb></lb>riùs, ob idque multum virium. </s> <s id="s.000943">Quòd ſi non <lb></lb>quantum oportet pila deſcendat ferrea, reli<lb></lb>cto vacuo debiliorem ictum reddunt, & ma<lb></lb>chinam agitant, ac etiam quandoque fran<lb></lb>gunt. </s> <s id="s.000944">Et tamen artifices, magno Principum <lb></lb>malo, ne apertiſſima ratio vilior videatur, <lb></lb>menſuras quaſdam fingunt arctiores, alij <lb></lb>in imo, alij latiores facientes perperam, <lb></lb>cùm vna ſit ratio, vt vndique æquales <lb></lb>ſint, optima & ſecuriſſima. </s> <s id="s.000945">Machinæ ad <lb></lb>ſphærulam ponderis ratio centupla, vt <pb pagenum="379" xlink:href="016/01/028.jpg"></pb>ſi ſphæra quam emittere debet, ſit pon<lb></lb>do XX. erit machina pondo MM. </s> <s id="s.000946">Craſſitu<lb></lb>do in imo, vbi pulueris locus eſt, dodrans <lb></lb>dimetientis ſphærulæ. </s> <s id="s.000947">Licet autem & pon<lb></lb>dus, & menſuram cum eo machinæ augere; <lb></lb>ſed minuere citra periculum fracturæ haud <lb></lb>licet. </s> <s id="s.000948">In ſummo craſſitudo labri machinæ <lb></lb>non minor triente dimetientis ſphærulæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000949">Canalis dimetientis ( vt dixi ) æqualis dime<lb></lb>tienti ſphærulæ & pulueris pyrij pondus <expan abbr="põ-deri">pon<lb></lb>deri</expan> ipſius ſphærulæ. </s> <s id="s.000950">In minoribus <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> tor<lb></lb>mentis machinæ pondus ac craſſitudo maio<lb></lb>rem ad ſphærulam proportionem habere de<lb></lb>bet ob ſecuritatem, atque eadem ratione <lb></lb>pulueris pondus minus eſſe quàm ſpærulæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000951">Patet ex hoc ratio quantum ſpatij imum <lb></lb>debeat capere, nempe quantum ſatis eſt ad <lb></lb>continendum puluerem, qui pondus ſphæ<lb></lb>rulæ æquet. </s> <s id="s.000952">Foramen vbi ignis accenditur, <lb></lb>fundi partem etiam obtineat: nam machi<lb></lb>na non adeò retrò agitur, cùm ignis ſolùm <lb></lb>prorſum accendatur: ob id rectius collima<lb></lb>re ictu licet, & minore periculo. </s> <s id="s.000953">Nam cùm <lb></lb>multum retrò aguntur, paruæ lædunt mili<lb></lb>tes, qui eis vtuntur: magnæ, ſi non conti<lb></lb>neantur, incertos edunt ictus, & labefa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg94"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctant currus quibus inſident: ſi vi conſiſtere <lb></lb>cogantur, fracturæ periculum ſuberint. </s> <s id="s.000954">Eſt <lb></lb>igitur hoc vnum fracturæ ſignum, vt vehe<lb></lb>menter retrò agatur: aliud, ſi menſura non <lb></lb>conueniat, vt cùm tenuior fuerit, aut ar<lb></lb>ctior quàm oporteat, vel inæqualis vel obli<lb></lb>qua, quo nil fermè eſt deterius. </s> <s id="s.000955">Tertium ſi<lb></lb>gnum eſt, cum materia ipſa fuerit ſquamo<lb></lb>ſa aut minimè tenax, aut veſicis plena, aut <lb></lb>rimam obduxerit. </s> <s id="s.000956">Quartum, cùm æruginem <lb></lb>contraxerit, aut aqua maduerit: quo errore <lb></lb>dum pompa Papiæ, anno M. D. X L V I. <lb></lb>ſolemnis corporis Chriſti ageretur, quin<lb></lb>que aut ſex viri ex his qui pompam ſeque<lb></lb>bantur, fractis tormentis perierunt. </s> <s id="s.000957">Quin<lb></lb>tum eſt, ſi plus pulueris, aut tenuiorem pro <lb></lb>craſſiore immiſeris. </s> <s id="s.000958">Nimis enim aucto ig<lb></lb>ne, nec moram ad exitum inueniente, fran<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg95"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gitur machina. </s> <s id="s.000959">Accidit & fractura, dum <lb></lb>ſphærula nimis violenter intruditur. </s> <s id="s.000960">Auxi<lb></lb>lium præſtat ne frangatur ſuſpecta iam ma<lb></lb>china, ſi dum excutere ſphærulam debet, <lb></lb>in terra iacet: nam ea libertate in eam par<lb></lb>tem agitur, ad quam ignis impellit: ſed <lb></lb>tum valde incerto ictu & exitu. </s> <s id="s.000961">Ob id ma<lb></lb>gnas machinas in curribus mobilibus ita <lb></lb>collocant, vt ſolo ac finitori æquidiſtan<lb></lb>tes ſint: atque ſic dum ignem concepe<lb></lb>rint, recta retrò, citráque periculum agantur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg96"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000962"><margin.target id="marg87"></margin.target>Fulmen cur <lb></lb>tantam ha<lb></lb>beat vim.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000963"><margin.target id="marg88"></margin.target><expan abbr="Fulmẽ">Fulmen</expan> quo<lb></lb>modo cru<lb></lb>mena illæſa <lb></lb>pecunias li<lb></lb>quet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000964"><margin.target id="marg89"></margin.target>Ignis lateres <lb></lb>vrens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000965"><margin.target id="marg90"></margin.target>Fulmen ra<lb></lb>rò columnas <lb></lb>ferit, & cur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000966"><margin.target id="marg91"></margin.target>Aduerſus <lb></lb>fulgura <lb></lb>cautio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000967"><margin.target id="marg92"></margin.target><expan abbr="Machinarũ">Machinarum</expan> <lb></lb>ignearum <lb></lb>vis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000968"><margin.target id="marg93"></margin.target>Modus ma<lb></lb>chinas igneas <lb></lb>faciendi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000969"><margin.target id="marg94"></margin.target>Signa machi<lb></lb>næ quæ fra<lb></lb>cturæ obno<lb></lb>xia ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000970"><margin.target id="marg95"></margin.target>Auxilium <lb></lb>machinarum <lb></lb>ne frangan<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.000971"><margin.target id="marg96"></margin.target><expan abbr="Machinarũ">Machinarum</expan> <lb></lb>bellicarum <lb></lb>duo genera <lb></lb>noua.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000972">Eſt & aliud genus ignei tormenti nouum, <lb></lb>cubiti & ſemis longitudine, pondere libra<lb></lb>rum LXX. vſque ad LXXX. </s> <s id="s.000973">Canalis capit <lb></lb>ſphæram pilæ paruæ magnitudine. </s> <s id="s.000974">Ferreo <lb></lb>baculo dum exoneratur, ſuſtinetur, caudá<lb></lb>que continetur: vnius hominis onus ac ma<lb></lb>china: cæterùm ob craſſitudinem mirum in <lb></lb>modum valida, nec minus tuta. </s> <s id="s.000975">Aliud, in <lb></lb>quo cauitas ampla iuxta foramen: varij mo<lb></lb>dioli cauitati imponuntur, omnes eiuſdem <lb></lb>magnitudinis, quorum canales canalibus <lb></lb>machinæ è directo correſpondent, vt muta<lb></lb>tis modiolis non concaleſcat machina. </s> <s id="s.000976">Vi<arrow.to.target n="marg97"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dimus hæc Papię Principis Saxoniæ inuen<lb></lb>ta. </s> <s id="s.000977">Fiunt <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) è Cyprio ære maiores, ſed <lb></lb>tutiſſimæ è ferro, vnde nunc minores om<lb></lb>nes: maiores tamen ex ferro efficere opero<lb></lb>ſum eſt, ob id pleræque è Cyprio ære. </s> <s id="s.000978">Tor<lb></lb>no minores, maiores liquato metallo pla<lb></lb>ſtices opera: inde etiam torno. </s> <s id="s.000979">Fiunt au<lb></lb>tem typi pro fingendis machinis plerunque <lb></lb>è tribus fruſtis, quoniam ex vno fingere ni<lb></lb>mis eſſet difficile, quando vel ſic etiam gra<lb></lb>ue ſit. </s> <s id="s.000980">Pars vna canalis, ſecunda embolus <lb></lb>maſculus, tertia ſedes. </s> <s id="s.000981">Ipſa verò machina <lb></lb>plerunque ex vno conſtat fruſto. </s> <s id="s.000982">Vidi etiam <lb></lb>ex duobus conſtantem, ac tornatili vitæ al<lb></lb>teram altera ab imo alligatam. </s> <s id="s.000983">Materia (vt <lb></lb>dixi) æs Cyprium factitium. </s> <s id="s.000984">Conſtat ære <lb></lb>ipſo, & ſeptima fermè parte plumbi nigri <lb></lb>vel candidi, vel aurichalco. </s> <s id="s.000985">Sed impetus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg98"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tanti ratio in pyrio puluere eſt. </s> <s id="s.000986">Hic conſtat <lb></lb>ex tribus partibus halinitri, & duabus ſali<lb></lb>gnei carbonis, atque vna ſulphuris: conue<lb></lb>nitque magnis machinis. </s> <s id="s.000987">Sed mediocribus <lb></lb>halinitri partes decem, ſalignei carboni <lb></lb>tres, ſulphuris duæ. </s> <s id="s.000988">Paruis verò halinitri <lb></lb>partes decem, carbonis lignorum nucis <lb></lb>auellanæ abſque nodis, tum ſulphuris, par<lb></lb>tem vnam ſingulorum. </s> <s id="s.000989">Contundantur hæc <lb></lb>ligneo malleo, madefacta priùs aqua putei, <lb></lb>ne ignem dum tunduntur concipiant. </s> <s id="s.000990">Sunt <lb></lb>qui acetum addant, qui ardentem aquam, <lb></lb>ac ſiccent in ſole, ſed non tundunt tunc: fa<lb></lb>cilè enim ignem poſſent concipere. </s> <s id="s.000991">Verùm <lb></lb>tota cura eſt, vt omnia ſic à terrena parte <lb></lb>expurgata ſint, maximè halinitrum, vt to<lb></lb>tum ardeat, nec quicquam ſuperſit. </s> <s id="s.000992">Dein<lb></lb>de, vt ad tenuiſſimas partes redigatur, ſic <lb></lb>enim partes partibus optimè hærebunt: hoc <lb></lb>fiet, ſi ſæpiùs contundatur, madeſcat, ſic<lb></lb>cetúrque. </s> <s id="s.000993">Tertiò, vt cùm perfectus fuerit, <lb></lb>in ſole ſiccetur: nam iuxta ignem apponere <lb></lb>periculoſiſſimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000994">Ergo iam tanti effectus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg99"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cauſa quæratur. </s> <s id="s.000995">Impoſitus hic puluis in ma<lb></lb>chinam, ſphæruláque obducta, adiecto ab <lb></lb>imo machinæ extrinſecus igne illicò fermè <lb></lb>totus àccenditur, ac maius quàm centuplum <lb></lb>ſpatium occupare nititur: quòd enim exi<lb></lb>guus puluis in vola manus non minus quàm <lb></lb>centuplum ſpatij occupet, experimentum <lb></lb>oſtendet, cùm ſi quantum eſt granum milij, <lb></lb>ex hoc puluere accendatur, locum nucis ig<lb></lb>ne compleat. </s> <s id="s.000996">Oſtendit & ratio: nam ignis <lb></lb>rara materia ac tenuis magnis limitibus <lb></lb>continetur, cùm terra & puluis ſolida ſint <lb></lb>ac denſa. </s> <s id="s.000997">Itaque accenſus iam puluis cùm <lb></lb>in arcto ſit, violenter excutit machinam <lb></lb>vndique, nec aliubi faciliorem exitum in<lb></lb>ueniens, quàm vbi ſphærula vi incluſa fuit, <lb></lb>eam magno conatu elidit, primò per canalis <lb></lb>ſpatium, inde ea ſeruata vehementia foràs <lb></lb>expellit, & continuato inde impetu ſpatia <lb></lb>terrarum longa ſuperat, & obuia quæque <lb></lb>euertit ac diruit. </s> <s id="s.000998">Par eſt etiam cum magno <lb></lb>ſtrepitu hæc fieri, cùm ignis ille affatim & <lb></lb>tanto impetu exeat, & aërem repentè con<lb></lb>cutiat. </s> <s id="s.000999">Ipſa quoque ſphærula ſtridulum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg100"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quendam ſonum, dum aërem velox diuidit, <lb></lb>excitat. </s> <s id="s.001000">Tum verò halinitrum, & omne ſa<lb></lb>lis genus, ſpontè etiam in libero igne po<lb></lb>ſitum non leuem crepitum excitat. </s> <s id="s.001001">His tri<lb></lb>bus cauſis, ſed prima præcipuè, dum exo<lb></lb>neratur machina, fragor tantus, ac tonitru <lb></lb>non abſimilis excitatur. </s> <s id="s.001002">Sed ſi puluis non <pb pagenum="380" xlink:href="016/01/029.jpg"></pb>confertim ardeat, aut quia lentus, aut im<lb></lb>purus, vel non elaboratus, vel quia parum <lb></lb>habeat halinitri, lentè emittit, debiliter, <lb></lb>& paruo cum ſonitu. </s> <s id="s.001003">At ſi iuſto tenuior fue<lb></lb>rit, tota ſimul ardens frangit machinam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001004">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd cùm celeritas <lb></lb>tranſitus in ignem ex proportione pendeat, <lb></lb>caloris ad pulueris repugnantiam attenuato <lb></lb>autem puluere repugnantia minuatur, quòd <lb></lb>in infinitum hæc perfectio pulueris progre<lb></lb>di poteſt, ſic vt momento tota accendatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001005">Tunc verò cum repentè non inuenire exi<lb></lb>tum poſſit, quippe cùm motus omnis tem<lb></lb>pus poſtulet, machinam franget. </s> <s id="s.001006">Igitur non <lb></lb>ſolùm puluerem licebit conficere, qui om<lb></lb>nes machinas effringet, ſed tenuiore impo<lb></lb>ſito maioribus machinis illæ peribunt: & <lb></lb>rurſus craſſiore tenuibus ac paruis, vix ſphæ<lb></lb>rulam excutere poterunt. </s> <s id="s.001007">Igitur intra limites <lb></lb>certos atque anguſtos poſita hæc eſt ra<lb></lb>tio, quæ cum tractantium machinas peri<lb></lb>culo coniuncta eſt. </s> <s id="s.001008">Ille autem tutò & ma<lb></lb>ximo cum impetu tractabit eas, & ictus di<lb></lb>riget, qui qualem oportebit pro <expan abbr="machinarũ">machinarum</expan> <lb></lb>ratione puluerem efficiet & adminiſtrabit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001009"><margin.target id="marg97"></margin.target>Machinæ <lb></lb>bebbicæ è qua <lb></lb>materia <expan abbr="fiãt">fiant</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001010"><margin.target id="marg98"></margin.target>Pyrij pulue<lb></lb>ris compoſi<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001011"><margin.target id="marg99"></margin.target>Cur puluis <lb></lb>pyrius à ma<lb></lb>china tanto <lb></lb>impetu <expan abbr="ſphe-rulã">ſphe<lb></lb>rulam</expan> mittat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001012"><margin.target id="marg100"></margin.target>Cauſa ſoni<lb></lb>tus magni <lb></lb>machinarum <lb></lb>dum exone<lb></lb>rantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001013">Porrò eadem quæ machinarum, ſed ad<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg101"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mirabilior cuniculorum ratio eſt. </s> <s id="s.001014">Huius tam <lb></lb>atrocis inuenti auctor fuit Franciſcus Geor<lb></lb>gius Senenſis. </s> <s id="s.001015">Docuit hic Hiſpanos arcem <lb></lb>Lucullianam iuxta Neapolim, quam Galli <lb></lb>tuebantur, nunc Ouum vocatam, euerte<lb></lb>re, æde illius ſacra cum Gallis, qui intus <lb></lb>erant, etiam in mare ex monte tranſlata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001016">Ergo cùm arx maximè in monte iacet, vi<lb></lb>detúrque ob ſitum inexpugnabilis, cu<lb></lb>niculum effodiunt obliquum, altitudi<lb></lb>nis quatuor cubitorum, latitudinis duo<lb></lb>rum: nec multum refert obliquitas, dum <lb></lb>procul fueris: ſed cùm ad locum quem ſu<lb></lb>bruere deſtinas perueneris, obliquum ſpe<lb></lb>cum eſſe oportet, vt iuxta A, tum verò ibi <lb></lb>etiam ſolidam montis ſubſtantiam, ne vis <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.029.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/029/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ignis concluſi raritate loci euaneſcat: inde <lb></lb>locus ille puluere totus fermè completur py<lb></lb>rio, eóque tenuiſſimo. </s> <s id="s.001017">Funis verò deduci<lb></lb>tur ex A, vſque ad ſpecus oſtium B, hic iux<lb></lb>ta A, vbi puluis eſt, craſſus ac latus in mo<lb></lb>dum flocci. </s> <s id="s.001018">Totus autem funis aceto, ſul<lb></lb>phure & halinitro incoquitur: inde intectus <lb></lb>pyrio puluere, ſiccatur in ſole: denuò ſicca<lb></lb>to inſpergitur tenuiſſimus puluis pyrius, & <lb></lb>arundine circumueſtitur ab A, vſque ad B: <lb></lb>inde cuneis, lapidibúſque C, oſtium, & <lb></lb>vſque ad D, clauditur adeò diligenter, vt <lb></lb>ſolius arundinis locus relinquatur. </s> <s id="s.001019">Igitur <lb></lb>accenſo B, funis initio, celerrimè ob pul<lb></lb>uerem pyrium ignis vſque ad A, permeat, <lb></lb>accenditque puluerem totum: cúmque cu<lb></lb>neis & lapidibus obſtructus locus ſit, nec ſi <lb></lb>extrudantur vllus pateat exitus, quia E, nec <lb></lb>eſt in directo A, nec D, in directo C, nec <lb></lb>B, in directo ED, neceſſarium eſt vt diſru<lb></lb>pto monte, quicquid ſuperius eſt euertat, <lb></lb>totam montis molem concutiens. </s> <s id="s.001020">Ob id <lb></lb>viam BA, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> breuem eſſe oportet: nec locum <lb></lb>A, aliqua ex tenui montis parte, ne qua <lb></lb>tenue eſſet obſtaculum ignis erumperet, ſu<lb></lb>periorémque locum illæſum permittere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001021">Obliquitas igitur ſpecu stanti miraculi cau<lb></lb>ſa eſt, vt etiam montes euertantur. </s> <s id="s.001022">Refe<lb></lb>runt hæc cuniculorum antiquam rationem <lb></lb>omnibus tunc notam: cùm & pari modo <lb></lb>obuiam tutiſſimè itur effoſſa è regione ter<lb></lb>ra, vt cuniculis occurrentes ignem exhala<lb></lb>re cogamus, & irritum illius impetum red<lb></lb>damus. </s> <s id="s.001023">Vt verò rectè cuniculis occurramus, <lb></lb>docet ſonus fodientium, qui vaſis æneis cir<lb></lb>cum circa iuxta aggerem intus diſpoſitis, per <lb></lb>noctis ſilentium excipitur. </s> <s id="s.001024">Et quamvis in<lb></lb>fatigabili opere illum obſcurare inconditis <lb></lb>ſtrepitibus hoſtes nitantur: ſi tamen obſeſſi <lb></lb>accuratius atque diligentius rei incumbant <lb></lb>induſtria atque ſolertia, faba in auctorem <lb></lb>cudetur: ipſiſque doli auctoribus inuentum <lb></lb>damnoſius erit, quàm his aduerſus quos do<lb></lb>lus hic excogitatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001025">Perilai boui ſimilem <lb></lb>exitum habens. </s> <s id="s.001026">Adde quòd perſæpe, vt in <lb></lb>Cunnei præſenti obſidione parum peritis <lb></lb>Ducibus ab eliſa murorum, & terræ mole <lb></lb>acies militum obruuntur, vt quaqua ver<lb></lb>ſum, & quam longè caſura ſit præſcire opor<lb></lb>teat. </s> <s id="s.001027">Porrò quomodo hæc docere conue<lb></lb>niat, in libris de Æternitatis arcanis defini<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001028">Sed cui nondum ratio ex libris illis <lb></lb>tradendi, vtendique non in bonorum perni<lb></lb>ciem perſpecta fuerit, nepharij propoſiti eſt <lb></lb>etiam vulgata, nedum abdita, huius generis <lb></lb>tradere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001029"><margin.target id="marg101"></margin.target>Cuniculo<lb></lb>rum igneo<lb></lb>rum quos <lb></lb>minas vo<lb></lb>cant, ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001030">Sed his relictis, rurſus ad ignis vim re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg102"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>deamus, ex qua non leues dubitationes or<lb></lb>tum habent. </s> <s id="s.001031">Nam cùm dixerimus motu il<lb></lb>lum conſeruari, cur, dicet aliquis, melius <lb></lb>ſub cineribus pruna ſeruatur quam detecta, <lb></lb>cùm cineres omnem prohibeant motum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001031a"> Hæc facilis eſt dubitatio, atque ad hunc li<lb></lb>brum minimè pertinens, in quo propoſitum <lb></lb>eſt, ſolum magna & difficillima ac pulcher<lb></lb>rima perſequi. </s> <s id="s.001032">Quamobrem in poſterum à <lb></lb>talibus abſtinebo, qualis eſt hæc propoſita <lb></lb>dubitatio. </s> <s id="s.001033">Itaque illi reſpondere ſatis eſt, <lb></lb>ignem ſemper motum habere aliquem, ſed <lb></lb>prunas admodum tenuem, qui etiam ſub ci<lb></lb>neribus maneat. </s> <s id="s.001034">Cùm igitur prunæ detectæ <lb></lb>ſunt, aër corrumpit ignem illum circum<lb></lb>ſtans: mauult enim corrumpere quam cor<lb></lb>rumpi: nec tam tenuis motus illum ſeruare <lb></lb>poteſt, verum contectus cinere, ab aëris <lb></lb>offenſa tutus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001035">Itaque tribus modis ignis <lb></lb>ſeruatur: vel cum motum ex ſeipſo excitat, <lb></lb>vt in cereis, & generaliter vbi flamma mo<lb></lb>tu ſuo ſeipſam tuetur: vel cùm aliunde mo<lb></lb>tu fouetur, vt flante vento, vel follibus, <lb></lb>vnde magna incendia fermè omnia dum <lb></lb>venti validi flarent, facta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001036">Tertiò, cùm <lb></lb>tutus eſt ab aëre, ſic tamen vt reſpirare poſ<lb></lb>ſit, velut ſub cineribus. </s> <s id="s.001037">Nec refert an cine<lb></lb>res alieni ſint, an vt in quibuſdam lignis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg103"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>contingit, illos ſibi circumcirca paret. </s> <s id="s.001038">Alia <lb></lb>eſt etiam dubitatio cur ignem magis ſolea<lb></lb>mus dicere ſubſtantiam quam glaciem: nam <lb></lb>nemo glaciem ſubſtantiam dixit, ignem <pb pagenum="381" xlink:href="016/01/030.jpg"></pb>autem plerique non ſolum dixerunt, ſed <lb></lb>etiam exiſtimauerunt, cùm tamen ambo ac<lb></lb>cidentia ſint. </s> <s id="s.001039">Cauſa eſt in promptu. </s> <s id="s.001040">Acciden<lb></lb>tia ſolemus appellare, quæ adſunt non cor<lb></lb>rupto ſubiecto: talis autem videtur glacies. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001041">Nam gelu concreta aqua, lac, vinum, ſo<lb></lb>luto gelu eadem conſpiciuntur. </s> <s id="s.001042">At igne ple<lb></lb>raque corrumpuntur, & quæ manent, vt <lb></lb>lapides & metalla, læſa vehementer vi<lb></lb>dentur, præter aurum & argentum, & pau<lb></lb>culas gemmas: ob id ignem arbitrabantur <lb></lb>maius aliquid eſſe quàm calorem. </s> <s id="s.001043">Huius <lb></lb>tamen differentiæ cauſam ſuperius docui<lb></lb>mus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg104"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001044"><margin.target id="marg102"></margin.target>Cur ignis <lb></lb>ſub cineri<lb></lb>bus ſeruatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001045"><margin.target id="marg103"></margin.target>Cur ignem <lb></lb>magis ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam eſſe. <lb></lb>dicamus <lb></lb><expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> glaciem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001046"><margin.target id="marg104"></margin.target>An aliquis <lb></lb>ignis non <lb></lb>ſplendeat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001047">Erat & aliud dubitatione dignum: quo<lb></lb>niam ignis quiddam à quocunque calore ſe<lb></lb>paratum videbatur, non tamen eſt, licet co<lb></lb>lorem mutet, & ſibi ſimilem facilè gignat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001048">Sed non omnis ignis ſplendet: etenim fer<lb></lb>rum igneum ſulphur accendit & vrit, ex <lb></lb>quo patet ipſum ignis iam formam conce<arrow.to.target n="marg105"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>piſſe, nec tamen ſplendere. </s> <s id="s.001049">Ita diuerſa ra<lb></lb>tione ignis quem ardens aqua emittit, non <lb></lb>ſolùm ob ſubſtantiæ raritatem, ſed quia mi<lb></lb>nus calidus eſt: ob id etſi conſumatur & <lb></lb>ſplendeat, vix dicam illum ignem, qui lin<lb></lb>teum cui inhæret, & quod aqua ipſa maduit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg106"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non vrat, ignem dici debere. </s> <s id="s.001050">Eadem ratio <lb></lb>ſic ſi diutiùs diſtilletur, attenuetúrque ma<lb></lb>gis, magno miraculo manus ardebit, neque <lb></lb>ſentiet. </s> <s id="s.001051">Itaque ſi quis rectè inſpiciat, poſt<lb></lb>quàm calor certam metam attigit, ignis di<lb></lb>ci meretur: hæc autem meta non vna eſt, <lb></lb>ſed quum aërem vincere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001052">Quum verò <lb></lb>eò iam peruenerit, ſplendoris & lucis ac ro<lb></lb>boris tantùm acquirit, quantum etiam ca<lb></lb>lor ipſe, ipſéque ignis augetur. </s> <s id="s.001053">Vim verò <lb></lb>iuxta ſubſtantiæ, cui ineſt, denſitatem: nam <lb></lb>pruna calidior ob id flamma eſt, adeò vt py<lb></lb>rius puluis à pruna ſtatim à flamma vix ac<lb></lb>cendatur: atque id qui cauſam ignorant, <lb></lb>tanquam rem magnam admirantur. </s> <s id="s.001054">Ergo <lb></lb>vt ab initio dixi, ignis nihil aliud eſt, quàm <lb></lb>calor valde magnus cum ſiccitate iunctus: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg107"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nam abſque ſiccitate ignis eſſe non poteſt, <lb></lb>aliter aqua feruens ignis eſſe poſſet. </s> <s id="s.001055">Non <lb></lb>minus igitur ignis eſſentia à ſiccitate ipſa <lb></lb>pendet, quàm à calore. </s> <s id="s.001056">Hac igitur de cau<lb></lb>ſa faces è quocunque ligno facere edocti <lb></lb>ſumus: ſed ſi ex denſiore ac ſolidiore, diu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg108"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>turniores. </s> <s id="s.001057">Stolonem querneum, cubi craſ<lb></lb>ſitudine à vertice ad imum diuides in pluri<lb></lb>ma fruſta, velut duodecim, aut ſexdecim, <lb></lb>pluráve, ita vt imum integrum maneat, in<lb></lb>de ſiccetur in furno duobus, tribúſve die<lb></lb>bus: excluſo itaque humido aqueo quum <lb></lb>remaneat quod pingue eſt, ardet vt tœda: <lb></lb>& ſi longitudine hominem æquat, durat <lb></lb>alacris flamma per horæ ac dimidiæ ſpatium <lb></lb>lumine ſplendidiſſimo. </s> <s id="s.001058">Ergo, vt iam dixi, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg109"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tam frigidis ignis extinguitur, quàm humi<lb></lb>dis obruitur: ab humidis quidem duabus cau<lb></lb>ſis, tum vt contrariis, tum quòd reſpirare ac <lb></lb>moueri illum prohibeant: à frigidis autem, <lb></lb>ſolùm vt contrariis. </s> <s id="s.001059">Ab aqua igitur, triplici <lb></lb>ratione extinguitur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg110"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001060"><margin.target id="marg105"></margin.target>Aqua <expan abbr="ardẽs">ardens</expan> <lb></lb>vritur illæſo <lb></lb>linteo quòd <lb></lb>ea madet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001061"><margin.target id="marg106"></margin.target>Manus vt <lb></lb>ardeat ho<lb></lb>mine non <lb></lb>ſentiente.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001062"><margin.target id="marg107"></margin.target>Ignis ratio <lb></lb>non minus <lb></lb>conſtat ſic<lb></lb>citate quam <lb></lb>calore.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001063"><margin.target id="marg108"></margin.target>Faces quo<lb></lb>modo è quo<lb></lb>cunque ligno <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001064"><margin.target id="marg109"></margin.target>Ignis ab <lb></lb>aqua triplici <lb></lb>ratione ex<lb></lb>tinguitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001065"><margin.target id="marg110"></margin.target>Modi quibus <lb></lb>ignis genera<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001066">Nunc tandem ſupereſt, vt cauſas gene<lb></lb>rationis illius oſtendamus, neque leuem <lb></lb>habent in ſe obſcuritatem. </s> <s id="s.001067">Igitur primò, <lb></lb>quot modis fiat conſideremus. </s> <s id="s.001068">Fit autem <lb></lb>propagatione, antiſpaſi percuſſione, fri<lb></lb>ctione, putredine, coïtione. </s> <s id="s.001069">Nam qui vel <lb></lb>ſpeculis concauis, vel ſphærulis perſpicuis <lb></lb>generantur, ad coïtionem manifeſtè perti<lb></lb>net. </s> <s id="s.001070">Sed coïtionis obſcura ratio non eſt, nam<lb></lb>que ſi denis viris nummos denos diſtri<lb></lb>buas, ſinguli habebunt nummum: ſed ſi in <lb></lb>quinque, binos. </s> <s id="s.001071">Si igitur calor qui per ma<lb></lb>gnum ſpatium diſperſus eſt, in vnum con<lb></lb>trahatur, quicquid magnæ illi quantitati <lb></lb>inerat, & modicæ illi ineſt: quamobrem <lb></lb>magnus calor in paruo ſpatio contentus, <lb></lb>magnos effectus producet, magnúſque ob <lb></lb>id dici merebitur, atque ob id ignis. </s> <s id="s.001072">Hoc <lb></lb>enim adeò planè expoſitum eſt, vt repetere <lb></lb>haud ſit neceſſarium. </s> <s id="s.001073">Sed qui antiſpaſi fit, <lb></lb>ad coïtionem reducitur. </s> <s id="s.001074">Non enim ob aliud <lb></lb>antiſpaſis accedit, quàm quòd in vnum co<lb></lb>git: ergo & huius cauſa cognita eſt. </s> <s id="s.001075">Propa<lb></lb>gatione autem oſtendimus quomodo gene<lb></lb>retur ſuperius. </s> <s id="s.001076">Vnumquódque enim natura <lb></lb>conſtantium atque mortalium ſibi ſimile ge<lb></lb>nerare aptum eſt, itaque nihil mirum ex ig<lb></lb>ne ignem accendi: verùm frictio & percuſ<lb></lb>ſio à motu initium habent: putredo autem <lb></lb>non ſufficit ignem accendere, ſed vel alio <lb></lb>calore confirmatur, aut motu, aut antiſpa<lb></lb>ſi, atque coïtione. </s> <s id="s.001077">Itaque ſi quo modo mo<arrow.to.target n="marg111"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tu ignis accendatur docuerimus, modos om<lb></lb>nes ſimul quibus ignis accendi poſſit de<lb></lb>monſtrabimus: & quòd tantùm tres verè <lb></lb>ſint, coïtio, propagationem motus, quan<lb></lb>quam longè plures eſſe videantur. </s> <s id="s.001078">Oſtende<lb></lb>re autem quomodo ignis à motu generetur, <lb></lb>non aliud eſt, quàm quomodo motus ſit <lb></lb>cauſa caloris demonſtrare: nam ſi motus eſt <lb></lb>cauſa caloris, erit & augmenti illius. </s> <s id="s.001079">Ignis <lb></lb>autem ( vt diximus ) nihil aliud eſt, quàm <lb></lb>color in immenſum auctus. </s> <s id="s.001080">Ergo quónam <lb></lb>pacto motus calefacit, inquirunt Ariſtote<lb></lb>lici, ac multa nugantur: tandem verò ad id <lb></lb>redeunt, vt calor ſit effectus motus: eſtque <lb></lb>hoc ac ſi dicerent, Neſcimus. </s> <s id="s.001081">Idem enim <lb></lb>per idem oſtendere, certum nugacis atque <lb></lb>imperiti argumentum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001082">Quid tandem obſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg112"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>curè & ſuo more dixerunt quidam, quòd <lb></lb>calor hic in aëre iam eſt, ſed per motum ad <lb></lb>formam illam deducitur, eſſéque hunc ca<lb></lb>lorem illum qui à deſideribus prouenerit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001083">O egregium hominem: calida non cenſent <lb></lb>aſtra, inde calorem illum aſtrorum ignem <lb></lb>eſſe volunt. </s> <s id="s.001084">Quòd etſi caliditatem efficere <lb></lb>ſidera, quæ calida eſſe negant concedatur, <lb></lb>rurſus dubitatio emergit, quomodo calo<lb></lb>rem illum motus augeat. </s> <s id="s.001085">Certum enim eſt, <lb></lb>conceptam caliditatem antè à ſyderibus abſ<lb></lb>que motu nondum eſſe igneam. </s> <s id="s.001086">Alexander <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg113"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rectè ſentit in hoc, quòd non ex lapidibus <lb></lb>excutitur ignis, ſed aër qui ibi continetur, <lb></lb>attritu repentino vertitur in ignem. </s> <s id="s.001087">Sed ſi <lb></lb>ita eſt, cur non è ſolidiſſimis lapidibus, vt <lb></lb>porphyrite, ac duriſſimis magis excutitur, <lb></lb>quàm à mollioribus, vt chryſtallo & chal<lb></lb>cedonio? </s> <s id="s.001088">Rurſus, cur non è duobus lapidi<lb></lb>bus eiuſdem generis magis, vt chryſtallinis, <lb></lb>quàm è chryſtallo & chalybe ignis proue<lb></lb>nit? </s> <s id="s.001089">Deinde, cur ( quod maximum eſt ) ſi <lb></lb>ſolus aër accenditur, ſcintillæ illæ magna <lb></lb>ex parte, ac veluti graues, lento proceſſu <lb></lb>deſcendunt? </s> <s id="s.001090">Nam purus ignis, aut non deſ-<pb pagenum="382" xlink:href="016/01/031.jpg"></pb>cendit, aut ſi impetu cogatur, celeriter deſ<lb></lb>cendit. </s> <s id="s.001091">Cùm igitur lentè deſcendant quæ<lb></lb>dam, non ex ſolo aëre illæ conſtant. </s> <s id="s.001092">Ergo <lb></lb>quòd non ſit in lapide ignis conceptus, re<lb></lb>ctè dixit Alexander: vret enim ignis lapi<lb></lb>dem, & rurſus lapis tangentis manum, <lb></lb>& facilè accenderetur, & alimento indige<lb></lb>ret, & duobus lapidibus concuſſis ſimul fa<lb></lb>cilè elideretur, vt duobus chalcedoniis, at<lb></lb>tritus enim ſufficeret ad elidendum ignem: <lb></lb>quorum nullum cum verum ſit, liquidò con<lb></lb>ſtat ignem in lapide non contineri. </s> <s id="s.001093">Sed nec <lb></lb>rurſus ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ex aëre generantur: nam <lb></lb>lapides vt duriores ſunt, indigent maiore <lb></lb>percuſſione vt ignis generetur. </s> <s id="s.001094">Ergo ſi ſo<lb></lb>lùm ſufficeret aërem repentè concuti ex tali <lb></lb>ictu, qualis eſt is quo è chalybe, & chry<lb></lb>ſtallo ignis excutitur, ex duobus chalybis <lb></lb>fruſtis poſſet ignis generari: at non eſt ſic, <lb></lb>ſed, ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> duriora vehementiores ictus <lb></lb>expoſcunt, ignémque creant ſolidiorem ac <lb></lb>viuaciorem, vt cuius quandoque ſcintilla <lb></lb>non paruo maneat tempore. </s> <s id="s.001095">Quinetiam qui<lb></lb>dam ſunt lapides vitrei ac molles, qui leuiſ<lb></lb>ſimis ictibus, vel ſolùm tacti, ignem, ſed <lb></lb>minimè viuacem, edunt. </s> <s id="s.001096">Indicium verò <lb></lb>certum eſt ex lapidis ſubſtantia ignem ge<lb></lb>nerari, quòd ſine illius attritione nunquam <lb></lb>eliditur: aër etiam <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt diximus) in flam<lb></lb>mam, non ſcintillas, vertitur. </s> <s id="s.001097">Quinetiam <lb></lb>molæ circumactæ, cùm aqua non aëre ob<lb></lb>ductæ ſint, ignem tamen emittunt: lapides <lb></lb>etiam ipſi non niſi ex angulis. </s> <s id="s.001098">Itaque non <lb></lb>in lapidibus abditus latet ignis, nec concuſ<lb></lb>ſo aëre ex aëre generantur. </s> <s id="s.001099">Sed nec quòd in <lb></lb>illis potentia ſit ignis, vllum certum eſt in<lb></lb>dicium: vix enim in ignem proiecti accen<lb></lb>duntur, nec à frigido vnquam inflamman<lb></lb>tur, & epoti ſtrenuè refrigerant. </s> <s id="s.001100">Quare ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt, ex attritione lapidis ad tenuiſ<lb></lb>ſimas partes illius ſubſtantia redacta, ignem <lb></lb>generari, eſſéque huius materiam, vel il<lb></lb>lius ad hoc aptiorem. </s> <s id="s.001101">Namque puriores ac <lb></lb>non parum duri, ac tenui ſubſtantia con<lb></lb>ſtantes, vt chalcedonij, chryſtalli, atque <lb></lb>huiuſcemodi, aptiſſimi ſunt: contrà fragi<lb></lb>les, aut præduri, aut craſſa conſtantes ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, minimè apti. </s> <s id="s.001102">Sic etiam ex ſagittæ <lb></lb>motu plumbum liqueſcit: quoniam extre<lb></lb>mæ partes, minimè angulorum, quæ tenuiſ<lb></lb>ſimæ ſunt, atteruntur. </s> <s id="s.001103">Idem contingit in <lb></lb>longo motu, quòd in pluribus exiguis repe<lb></lb>titis: velut cùm tabulæ gladium affricamus: <lb></lb>ſed hic eo vehementior attritio, quo id quod <lb></lb>ſuppoſitum eſt, etiam duritie ſua reſiſtit, vt <lb></lb>aër in medio compreſſus dum attenuatur at<lb></lb>tenuat. </s> <s id="s.001104">Sed ad id vnde digreſſus eram, de <lb></lb>motu accendente calorem, reuerti opus eſt: <lb></lb>nam ex hoc omnia fermè pendêre videntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001105">Itaque ex aqua ignem vnquam accendi vi<lb></lb>demus, ex aëre autem non niſi propagatio<lb></lb>ne, non motu: & ſi humidorum aliquod <lb></lb>accenditur, vt oleum ac vinum, ab igne, <lb></lb>non non motu, inflammatur. </s> <s id="s.001106">Ergo quod <lb></lb>motu accenditur, ſiccum eſſe oportet, non <lb></lb>humidum: quod verò ab alio igne, etiam <lb></lb>humidum eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001107">Quòd igitur ſiccum <lb></lb>eſt ac vehementer, iam ex dimidio ignis <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.001108">Eſt enim ( vt dixi ) ignis vehemens cali<lb></lb>ditas ac ſiccitas. </s> <s id="s.001109">Indiget igitur hoc quod <lb></lb>ſiccum eſt, vt tantum incaleſcat: verùm <lb></lb>partis & totius eadem ratio eſt. </s> <s id="s.001110">Si enim in<lb></lb>caleſcit motu vehementi, etiam vehemen<lb></lb>ter incaleſcet. </s> <s id="s.001111">Cùm igitur ſiccum motu col<lb></lb>liditur, vt rarum euadat ac tenuè neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt: at tenuis ſubſtantia & ſicca, ignea eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001112">Vnaquæque enim materia ſub certa quan<lb></lb>titate formam ad ſe rapit. </s> <s id="s.001113">Hoc ſolùm eſt igi<lb></lb>tur bene dictum, quòd calor ille qui è ſyde<lb></lb>bus miſtis ineſt ſiccæ iunctus materiæ, dum <lb></lb>motu nimis attenuatur non repugnante hu<lb></lb>mido, quippe cùm ſiccam eam iam ſuppo<lb></lb>ſuerimus, nec formà priore vt pote lapidis, <lb></lb>adeò ob tenuitatem debilitatæ, ne ſimul <lb></lb>qualitates lapidis adeſſent, abeſſet verò ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, ignis formam ſuſcipiunt calore <lb></lb>agente. </s> <s id="s.001114">Ergo hic modus coïtioni, quaſi con<lb></lb>trarius eſt: in illo conſtante materia calor <lb></lb>cogitur, hîc ſub eodem calore materia ip<lb></lb>ſa attenuatur. </s> <s id="s.001115">Indicio eſt hanc eſſe cau<lb></lb>ſam, quòd aqua motu in aërem verti<lb></lb>tur, vt quiſque vbi illæ cadunt magno im<lb></lb>petu poteſt videre. </s> <s id="s.001116">Nam attenuata ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia cùm humido iuncta ſit, aëris formam <lb></lb>induit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg114"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001117"><margin.target id="marg111"></margin.target>Motus quo<lb></lb>modo <expan abbr="calorẽ">calorem</expan> <lb></lb>& ignem ge<lb></lb>neret.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001118"><margin.target id="marg112"></margin.target>Auerroës in <lb></lb>paraphraſi <lb></lb>Metaphy. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001119">tract. 2. <lb></lb>col. </s> <s id="s.001120">2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001121"><margin.target id="marg113"></margin.target>Quomodo è <lb></lb>lapidibus ig<lb></lb>nis excutia<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001122"><margin.target id="marg114"></margin.target>Frigus nihil <lb></lb>eſt actu, ſed <lb></lb>ſola caloris <lb></lb>priuatio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001123">Verùm dubitabis, in frigido aëre ac ma<lb></lb>teria, in qua iam frigus ſuperat, vt in lapi<lb></lb>de, cur calor inſurgit, cùm frigus ſit poten<lb></lb>tius? </s> <s id="s.001124">Reſpondeo, frigus ſi pro actu intelli<lb></lb>gatur, nihil eſſe niſi calorem illum exiguum: <lb></lb>quod autem non eſt, nullas habet opera<lb></lb>tiones. </s> <s id="s.001125">Ob id frigus non inſurgit, cùm ſola <lb></lb>priuatio quædam ſit, ſed calor, qui tamen <lb></lb>ad paucitatem ſubiectæ materiæ compara<lb></lb>tus, magnus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001126">Indicio eſt frigus nihil om<lb></lb>ninò eſſe præter caloris priuationem, ter<lb></lb>tianarum rigor, in quo cùm nulla ſit mate<lb></lb>ria frigida, ſed ſolius caloris fuga, frigus <lb></lb>tamen non leue ſentitur. </s> <s id="s.001127">Vbi ergo calor exi<lb></lb>guus in materia pauca fuerit, ſeruatur. </s> <s id="s.001128">Ea<lb></lb>dem ratione nec ſiccitas aliud eſt, quam hu<lb></lb>midi priuatio. </s> <s id="s.001129">Quamobrem ſicca humectari <arrow.to.target n="marg115"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>impoſſibile eſt, cum non ſit reditus ad ha<lb></lb>bitum ex priuatione. </s> <s id="s.001130">Sed difficilius eſt hu<lb></lb>mectare, quia humidum principium eſt ex <lb></lb>elemento, calor ex cœlo, quod ſemper dif<lb></lb>fundit. </s> <s id="s.001131">Reſtaurantur igitur ſolis adiectis ma<lb></lb>teriis. </s> <s id="s.001132">At infrigidare, aut ſiccare, faciliùs <lb></lb>conceditur, cùm impedimento conſtent hæ <lb></lb>mutationes. </s> <s id="s.001133">Iuſtè ætherem, & aquam prin<lb></lb>cipium naturalium rerum antiqui poſuêre, <lb></lb>quòd in altero calor dominari exiſtimatur <lb></lb>in reliquo abundet humidum. </s> <s id="s.001134">Iuſtius aërem, <lb></lb>ſi ille calidus eſſet & humidus. </s> <s id="s.001135">Terram ne<lb></lb>mo: nam ipſa frigida, ſiccáque eſt. </s> <s id="s.001136">Sed ca<lb></lb>lida præter naturam difficilè refrigerantur, <lb></lb>motus enim conſeruat. </s> <s id="s.001137">Ergo difficilius <lb></lb>quæ natura talia ſunt, motus enim eo<lb></lb>rum perpetuus. </s> <s id="s.001138">Verùm in aëre frigido <lb></lb>ſcintilla ignis illicò, ni ſuccurratur, extin<lb></lb>guitur. </s> <s id="s.001139">Sed aër non poteſt prohibere gene<lb></lb>rationem quæ intus fit, illo tantùm circum<lb></lb>ambiente. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001140"><margin.target id="marg115"></margin.target>Siccitas non <lb></lb>eſt niſi hu<lb></lb>midi priua<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001141">Verùm rurſus dices: ſi frigus nihil eſt <lb></lb>actu, ſed ſola caloris priuatio, quomodo <lb></lb>frigida refrigerant, vt calida calefaciunt? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001142">Frigus ſemper eſt cùm multa maria, im<lb></lb>poſſibile verò tenuiſſimum aliquid eſſe fri<lb></lb>gidum: multa materia impedit, nec ca<lb></lb>lo penetrare poſſit neque moueri, quare hoc <pb pagenum="383" xlink:href="016/01/032.jpg"></pb>modo refrigerat. </s> <s id="s.001143">Ergo quod calefacit, per <lb></lb>ſe calefacit: quòd refrigerat, ſolùm ex ac<lb></lb>cidenti. </s> <s id="s.001144">Repugnabis forſan, quoniam re<lb></lb>frigerari ſentimus nos, non aliter à frigidis <lb></lb>tum repentè, vt à calidis calefieri, vt pro<lb></lb>ducta frigoris quædam ſpecies videatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001145">Equidem ( vt dixi ) nihil aliud eſt frigidum, <lb></lb>quàm caloris priuatio: & quæ mouentur <lb></lb>nec conſiſtunt, refrigerantur, vt aqua, & <lb></lb>ventorum validorum aër. </s> <s id="s.001146">Porrò cùm conta<lb></lb>ctu refrigeratur, ſolùm ſuperficies refrigera<lb></lb>tur, fugiente intus palàm calore: nec poſſibi<lb></lb>le eſt ob hoc ſubitò quippiam refrigerari, <lb></lb>mora autem ducta refrigerantur etiam pe<lb></lb>nitiſſimæ partes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001147">Atque hæc vera ſunt rerum naturalium <lb></lb>fundamenta, in quibus nihil eſt repugnans. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001148">Qui verò eas qualitates ſubſtantiis affixas <lb></lb>imaginantur, & frigiditatem aliquod eſſe <lb></lb>naturæ principium, in difficillimas perue<lb></lb>niunt quæſtiones, rerúmque quæ videntur <lb></lb>cauſas dicere non poſſunt, omniáque ſilen<lb></lb>tio ac verbis obſcuris inuoluere, tum etiam <lb></lb>ambiguis, nituntur. </s> <s id="s.001149">Igitur calor ipſe propria <lb></lb>qualitas eſt cœleſtis, hæc agitans corpora, <lb></lb>quæ motu adiuta ignem creat. </s> <s id="s.001150">Si à materia <lb></lb>obruatur ac impediatur, frigus gignit. </s> <s id="s.001151">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque autem motu non eadem manent, <lb></lb>frigidiora euadunt, vt aqua & aër. </s> <s id="s.001152">Aëris <lb></lb>verò temperiem facit radiorum multitu<lb></lb>do Solis, tum ſyderum, quos excipit, <lb></lb>qui illum calefaciunt. </s> <s id="s.001153">Terra verò non adeò <lb></lb>eſſe frigida poteſt vt aqua, quoniam non <lb></lb>mouetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001154">His itaque conſtitutis, quibus non pauca <lb></lb>quæ iamdiu latuerunt, oſtendemus naturæ <lb></lb>ſecreta, ad ignis rurſus hiſtoriam reuertan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.001155">Verùm de ſubſtantiarum ſubtilitate ali<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg116"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qua priùs præponere oportet. </s> <s id="s.001156">Quædam igi<lb></lb>tur dicuntur tenues per ſe, vt aër: quædam <lb></lb>quantitate, vt capilli: quædam quia fluunt, <lb></lb>vt ſanguis: quædam quia in partes tenuiſſi<lb></lb>mas diuidi poſſunt, vt aurum: aliæ quia plu<lb></lb>ra ex his habent, vt ſpiritus, qui noſtra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg117"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum ſunt operationum inſtrumenta. </s> <s id="s.001157">Fiunt <lb></lb>autem ab arte pleraque tenuia, velut plum<lb></lb>bum, quòd adeò attenuatur arte, vt in pul<lb></lb>uerem redigatur, ex quo horologia fieri ſo<lb></lb>lent. </s> <s id="s.001158">Liquefactum enim agitatur celerrimè <lb></lb>in mortario: ideò cum cogi non poſſit, tran<lb></lb>ſit in puluerem. </s> <s id="s.001159">Et quamvis ars in tenuiſſi<lb></lb>ma redigat ligna, aut lapides, aut metalla, <lb></lb>non tamen ipſa miſcet, nec attenuat ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam, ſed ſolùm quantitatem. </s> <s id="s.001160">Ignis ve<lb></lb>rò ſi attenuat, ſeparat: aut ſi miſcet, non <lb></lb>attenuat. </s> <s id="s.001161">Separando enim quæ craſſa ſunt, <lb></lb>attenuantis ſpeciem præbet. </s> <s id="s.001162">Sola natura ſi<lb></lb>mul miſcere atque attenuare ſubſtantiam <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001163">Cùm enim ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nunc vocem <lb></lb>ſubtilia quæ duci poſſunt, atque ea ductilia, <lb></lb>vel humida eſſe neceſſe ſit, ignis verò ſic<lb></lb>cet, attenuare non poteſt, niſi ſeparet. </s> <s id="s.001164">At<lb></lb>tenuat ergo vel comminuendo ſicca, vt <lb></lb>cùm arenam in puluerem redigit, aut col<lb></lb>liquando, vt metallica: tenues partes ſe<lb></lb>parando, vt in diſtillationibus. </s> <s id="s.001165">Verùm dum <lb></lb>ſicca comminuat, colliquet humida, etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg118"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>attenuat. </s> <s id="s.001166">Contigit tamen in diſtillationibus <lb></lb>aliquid attenuari ac alteri miſceri, cùm à <lb></lb>calido humido, non ab igne fiunt. </s> <s id="s.001167">Calor <lb></lb>enim miſcet, & cum humido attenuat. </s> <s id="s.001168">Fit <lb></lb>autem hoc vaſes in aquam feruentem im<lb></lb>miſſis, vocátque Mariæ balneum. </s> <s id="s.001169">Proximum <lb></lb>bonitate diſtillationis genus huic in equino <lb></lb>fimo: inde quod per cineres præſtantiſſimum <lb></lb>in oleum detractum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001170">Nam cùm calida <lb></lb>ſit ac humida ſubſtantia, per multos men<lb></lb>ſes calorem ſeruare poteſt, atque eò longio<lb></lb>re temporis ſpatio quàm vuarum acini, quo <lb></lb>oliuarum ſubſtantia denſior eſt, ac pinguior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001171">At nullum horum metalla liquare poteſt, <lb></lb>ſed illa igne indigent. </s> <s id="s.001172">Sed vt ardentiſſima <lb></lb>diſtillatio fit per ignes, ita miſtioni ac veræ <lb></lb>attenuationi inepta: cui fermè ſimilis eſt, <lb></lb>quæ fit per cineres. </s> <s id="s.001173">Nam ſi igne diſtillata <lb></lb>fæcibus ſuis miſcueris, fiet totum pro mo<lb></lb>lis ratione grauiùs quàm antea, tum etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg119"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſiccius. </s> <s id="s.001174">Non igitur verè attenuat ignis, ſed <lb></lb>natura ipſa, quæ totam ſubſtantiam conco<lb></lb>quit ac miſcet. </s> <s id="s.001175">Vnde ob ſubtilitatem omnia <lb></lb>in vnum conueniunt, miſtúmque denſius, <lb></lb>fit, & tamen ex ſubtiliſſimis compoſitum <lb></lb>partibus. </s> <s id="s.001176">Ergo in naturali coctione, vt quæ <lb></lb>in liquido duriſſima, etiam vim ignis obti<lb></lb>neat, & mollis balnei in attenuando, partes <lb></lb>craſſiores comminuuntur, quod ab igne im<lb></lb>petrari non poteſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg120"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001177"><margin.target id="marg116"></margin.target>Subtilitatis <lb></lb>in ſubſtantia <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001178"><margin.target id="marg117"></margin.target>Subtilitates <lb></lb>ab arte, na<lb></lb>tura, & igne <lb></lb>in quibus <lb></lb>differant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001179">Plumbum <lb></lb>quomodo in <lb></lb>puluerem <lb></lb>tranſeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001180">Ignis quo<lb></lb>modo atte<lb></lb>nuet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001181"><margin.target id="marg118"></margin.target>Diſtillatio<lb></lb>nis vſus & <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001182"><margin.target id="marg119"></margin.target>Ignis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ve<lb></lb>rè attenuat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001183"><margin.target id="marg120"></margin.target>Aquæ diflil<lb></lb>latæ an vires <lb></lb>habeant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001184">Sed ex his non leuis emergit dubitatio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001185">Nam ſi ignis cuncta calefacit, ſiccátque, <lb></lb>omnes aquæ, quæ diſtillatione habentur, <lb></lb>calidæ ac ſiccæ eſſe deberent. </s> <s id="s.001186">Nec repugnat <lb></lb>ſubſtantia, quòd aquea ſit: talis enim cùm <lb></lb>fit ardens, & vritur, & corpora humana <lb></lb>egregiè excalefacit, ac ſiccat. </s> <s id="s.001187">Rurſus aquæ <lb></lb>omnes frigidæ ſunt ac humidæ, vincente <lb></lb>ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.001188">At neutrum ſemper verum eſt, <lb></lb>imò aliquæ ex his ſimiliores ſunt his, à <lb></lb>quibus excipiuntur: vt roſàcea, odore, ſa<lb></lb>pore, viribus. </s> <s id="s.001189">Vrceus aquæ plantaginis <lb></lb>fluentem vndequaque ſanguinem ſiſtere po<lb></lb>teſt. </s> <s id="s.001190">Non idem facit lactucæ aqua, etſi ſit <lb></lb>frigidior. </s> <s id="s.001191">Quidam nuper dum memoriam <lb></lb>augere niteretur, meliſſam triduo albo vino <lb></lb>infundit, inde leuiter expreſſo vino, aquam <lb></lb>diſtillando collegit, cuius potu memoriam <lb></lb>recuperare viſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001192">Sed cùm calidi eſſet ie<lb></lb>coris, bonam valetudinem penè funditus <lb></lb>euertit. </s> <s id="s.001193">Atque hunc modum Chymiſtæ vo<lb></lb>cant, ſtellas cœlo infigere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001194">Quæri igitur ſolet, an aquæ hæ proprias <lb></lb>vires retineant? </s> <s id="s.001195">Diximus olim, dum de malo <lb></lb>medendi vſu loqueremur, nullas eſſe vires, <lb></lb>quòd odore, & ſapore <expan abbr="deſtituãtur">deſtituantur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001196">Abſynthij <lb></lb>enim aqua, nec <expan abbr="abſynthiũ">abſynthium</expan> redolet nec amara <lb></lb>eſt: imò quod mirum eſt, ſubdulcis. </s> <s id="s.001197"><expan abbr="Ardẽs">Ardens</expan> ta<lb></lb>men, vt roſaceam præteream, <expan abbr="fidẽ">fidem</expan> facit ineſſe <lb></lb>vim aquis. </s> <s id="s.001198">Nam ſi talem ob ignem eſſe di<lb></lb>cas, qui eſt quòd nulla aliarum talis ſit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001199">Nam hæc egregiè calefacit, ſiccat, pene<lb></lb>trat, acutum olet, ardet. </s> <s id="s.001200">Itaque vires aquis <lb></lb>iam ineſſe certum eſt, ſed nec omnibus, nec <lb></lb>æquas. </s> <s id="s.001201">Quæcunque enim res tenuem ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam habent frigidæque iunctam, aquam <lb></lb>emittunt ſibi non abſimilem, vt roſa. </s> <s id="s.001202">Quæ <lb></lb>verò tenuem & calidam ſimilem ſed vren<lb></lb>tem emittunt, vt vinum, & metallicorum <lb></lb>quædam. </s> <s id="s.001203">Quæ craſſam & calidam, diſſimilem <lb></lb>& prauam, vt abſynthium. </s> <s id="s.001204">quæ craſſam ac <lb></lb>frigidam, diſſimilem, ſed non prauam, vt cu<lb></lb>curbitæ. </s> <s id="s.001205">Iuxta hanc rationem vires aqua-<pb pagenum="384" xlink:href="016/01/033.jpg"></pb>rum, quæ leui excipiuntur igne facilè perdiſ<lb></lb>ces. </s> <s id="s.001206">Nam quæ vehementi igne indigent, om<lb></lb>nes ſiccant vehementer, plerunque etiam <lb></lb>excalefaciunt. <arrow.to.target n="marg121"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001207"><margin.target id="marg121"></margin.target>An ſit poſſi<lb></lb>bile facere <lb></lb>aquam quæ <lb></lb>in multa ſe<lb></lb>cula vitam <lb></lb>proroget.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001208">Ergo hîc rurſus dubitatio alia oritur, an <lb></lb>aquam liceat facere temperatam, quam <lb></lb>quintam vocant eſſentiam? </s> <s id="s.001209">Erit autem hæc <lb></lb>( vt docebo <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> æther, id eſt, ſubſtantia te<lb></lb>nuiſſima mobilis, & quæ motu calorem <lb></lb>temperatum retinet, & tamen plurimum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001210">Hæc igitur vires omnes conſeruare poteſt, <lb></lb>& vitam producere. </s> <s id="s.001211">Nam cum tenuiſſima <lb></lb>ſit, miſcet ſe humido primo, penetrans ſo<lb></lb>lida, ac excrementa ſeparat, quæ in illo <lb></lb>continentur. </s> <s id="s.001212">Qui verò calidi plurimum ha<lb></lb>bet, eiicit impurum quicquid eſt, natura<lb></lb>lémque ob id calorem inſtaurat. </s> <s id="s.001213">Nihil enim <lb></lb>aliud eſt ſenectus, quam naturalis caloris <lb></lb>imminutio: imminuitur verò, quia motus <lb></lb>prohibetur, vt de igne dixi: ſimilis eſt enim <lb></lb>huius ad illum ratio. </s> <s id="s.001214">Motus verò prohibe<lb></lb>tur ob terræ ſubſtantiæ abundantiam: quo<lb></lb>niam ſola terra plurimam habet materiam, <lb></lb>& motu omninò caret. </s> <s id="s.001215">Ergo aqua illa calo<lb></lb>re cùm ſit temperato, nec cor vexabit, nec <lb></lb>iecori infeſta erit. </s> <s id="s.001216">Itaque ſola hæc, iſta quæ <lb></lb>diximus præſtare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001217">Referunt in Bonic<lb></lb>ca inſula, quæ ab Hiſpaniola orbis noui M. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001218">C C. paſſuum millibus diſtat, fontem in <lb></lb>vertice montis eſſe qui ſenes reſtituat, non <lb></lb>tamen canos mutet, nec tollat iam contra<lb></lb>ctas rugas. </s> <s id="s.001219">Cuius rei præter perſeuerantem <lb></lb>famam, locuples teſtis Petrus Martyr An<lb></lb>gerius Mediolanenſis, à ſecretis Regis olim <lb></lb>Hiſpaniarum, in ſuis decadibus orbis nuper <lb></lb>inuenti. </s> <s id="s.001220">Sed Ouiedus conſtanter negat. </s> <s id="s.001221">Nos <lb></lb>eſſe poſſe non dubitamus, eſſe haud fatemur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001222">Tum minus id credendum, quòd breui, & <lb></lb>paucis diebus id fieri dicunt. </s> <s id="s.001223">At homo an<lb></lb>norum multitudine ſeneſcit, non igitur iu<lb></lb>ueneſcere poteſt, niſi annorum ſpatio: <lb></lb>quamobrem id tentare atque experiri diffi<lb></lb>cillimum. </s> <s id="s.001224">In ac̈re bono, aqua optima eſſe <lb></lb>debet: aër autem optimus (vt dixi) in mon<lb></lb>tium iugis: ibi autem incommoda multa <lb></lb>hominibus, quare paucis vſu euenit vt à <lb></lb>natura auxilium hoc aſſequantur. </s> <s id="s.001225">Ergo vt <lb></lb>ad rem reuertar, ne tam longè petatur, cùm <lb></lb>ardens aqua diuturno circulationis motu te<lb></lb>nuitatem retinens, caliditatem, acumén<lb></lb>que ſaporis ác odoris exuerit, æther eſt. </s> <s id="s.001226">At<lb></lb>tamen primùm fragrat. </s> <s id="s.001227">Eſt enim nil aliud <lb></lb>odor frangans, quam acutus, cum modera<lb></lb>tus extiterit. </s> <s id="s.001228">Indicio eſt, quòd piper non <lb></lb>fragrat, nec zingiber, quia immodicè ſint <lb></lb>acuta, parua tamen quantitas benè olet. </s> <s id="s.001229">At <lb></lb>quæ bene olent contraria ratione, cinamo<lb></lb>mum, amomum, crocus, garyophyli, li<lb></lb>lia, moſchus; moderatè acuta ſunt: & ſi <lb></lb>plurimum ex his naribus ſuppoſueris, vt <lb></lb>piper, cerebrum feriunt, nec bene olere <lb></lb>videntur. </s> <s id="s.001230">Allia & cepæ, quòd humorem <lb></lb>habeant putredinis haud expertem, etſi acu<lb></lb>ta ſint, tamen etiam quia moderata non <lb></lb>ſunt, fœtent. </s> <s id="s.001231">Igitur ardentem aquam, ſi <lb></lb>ad temperamentum redierit, tenuitate re<lb></lb>tenta neceſſe eſt fragrantem fieri: & ſi fra<lb></lb>grans fiat, neceſſe eſt viciſſim in æthera <lb></lb>eſſe conuerſam. </s> <s id="s.001232">Fit & quæ iuuentutem in<lb></lb>ſtauret aqua cum tyri carne, fit & cum hel<lb></lb>leboro, qualem apud patrem meum vidi: <lb></lb>ſed hæ diuexant corpora, & iuuentutis ima<lb></lb>ginem fucatam redimunt, non præſtant iu<lb></lb>uentutem. </s> <s id="s.001233">Æther verò veram præſtat, cùm <lb></lb>eam retineat diu quam habent, & exornet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001234">Sed nunquid ſemper? </s> <s id="s.001235">Non, ſed cùm non fue<lb></lb>rit prohibens: prohibens autem materia <lb></lb>multa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001236">Rurſus ne igne, qui calidiſſimus eſt, te<arrow.to.target n="marg122"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nuior æther? </s> <s id="s.001237">Certè ſic, nam cœlo conti<lb></lb>guus, ideóque leuiſſimus: impreſſam enim <lb></lb>ab aſtris caliditatem circulatione modera<lb></lb>tur tenuitate retenta? </s> <s id="s.001238">atque eodem modo <lb></lb>hæc aqua calore ignis ad ſummam redacta <lb></lb>tenuitatem, motu ipſo refrigeratur, ac tem<lb></lb>periem acquirit. </s> <s id="s.001239">Itaque & hæc, & æther, <lb></lb>medium quaſi ſunt inter mortalia, immor<lb></lb>taliáque. </s> <s id="s.001240">Locum enim cùm habeat ac tem<lb></lb>periem, tum ſubſtantiam cœlo proximam, <lb></lb>corrumpi nequit. </s> <s id="s.001241">Dum verò infrà impelli<lb></lb>tur, refrigeratur, atque ſic poſt multa ſecu<lb></lb>la corrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.001242">Itaque medium eſt quaſi <lb></lb>mortalis, ac immortalis, cuius generis Stoi<lb></lb>ci animam humanam eſſe credunt. </s> <s id="s.001243">Sed quòd <lb></lb>hîc ex ardente aqua æther elaboratur, cùm <lb></lb>à calore attenuetur, à motu non cogatur, <lb></lb>non parum tenuius euadit. </s> <s id="s.001244">Itaque ſimili ra<lb></lb>tione vtrunque afficitur. </s> <s id="s.001245">Sic verò quæcun<lb></lb>que calore ignis permutantur, euidentem ca<lb></lb>liditatem & ſiccitatem acquirunt: vt calx <lb></lb>& cinis. </s> <s id="s.001246">Sed differunt, quia in calce calor <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg123"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non finitur, in cinere iam exhauſtus fermè <lb></lb>totus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001247">Ob id qui eſcharotica componunt <lb></lb>ex calce & cinere medicamenta, à calce præ<lb></lb>cipuè caliditatem quærunt, à cinere ſiccita<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.001248">Sic qui aquam qua metalla ſeparantur, <lb></lb>educunt. </s> <s id="s.001249">Fit autem hoc modo: Halinitri <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg124"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>partem vnam, liquidi aluminis, quod ro<lb></lb>chæ vocant, partes tres, arenæ mediam, <lb></lb>ſiccata diligenter, & purgata igne diſtillan<lb></lb>tur vitreis vaſis. </s> <s id="s.001250">Colligitur autem ſeorſum <lb></lb>quod priùs effluit, cùm crocea demum vi<lb></lb>detur vaſis facies: actis ignibus alia ſucce<lb></lb>dit, quæ priore excipitur plerunque: & ta<lb></lb>men ſi aquam fontis excipias, adhuc adeò <lb></lb>acris eſt, vt nihilominus argentum diſſol<lb></lb>uat, & ipſum ab auro ſeparet. </s> <s id="s.001251">Separatur <lb></lb>autem ſic: Aqua extractæ partem modicam <lb></lb>accipe, cui argenti puriſſimi pondus oboli, <lb></lb>id eſt, XII. granorum impone, ac impoſi<lb></lb>tam cineribus tamdiu permitte, donec diſ<lb></lb>ſoluatur argentum. </s> <s id="s.001252">Hæc purgamenta calci <lb></lb>tenui ſimilia in imum vaſis demittet, qui<lb></lb>bus ſublatis quod reliquum eſt aquæ purio<lb></lb>ris, toti aquæ à qua iam detraxeras addes, <lb></lb>quæ ſimili exemplo & ipſa purgamenta illis <lb></lb>ſimilia in imum demittet, quibus ſublatis <lb></lb>a quam totam puriſſimam, ac magis habe<lb></lb>bis ad argentum ac cætera metalla, præter <lb></lb>aurum, diſſoluendum efficacem. </s> <s id="s.001253">Cùm verò <lb></lb>facilè euaneſcat, vaſe vitreo diligenter oc<lb></lb>cluſa tenetur. </s> <s id="s.001254">Vires autem æſtimanti quan<lb></lb>tas habeat, quæ excepta ( vt dixi ) aqua pu<lb></lb>tei, etiam ſine igne in horis 24. argentum <lb></lb>in aquam redigat, modico autem cinerum <lb></lb>calore in duabus aut tribus horis, non eſt <lb></lb>qui miram vim vaporibus illis extremis, ac <lb></lb>aquæ in quam vertuntur, imò incredibi<lb></lb>lem non tribuat. </s> <s id="s.001255">Eiuſdem generis eſt, quæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg125"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fit ſalibus ammoniaco, nitróque, tum cal-<pb pagenum="385" xlink:href="016/01/034.jpg"></pb>chanto & alumine liquido, æquis partibus, <lb></lb>addita illis demum æruginis parte quarta: <lb></lb>hæc eadem arte facta, nec ipſis parcit la<lb></lb>pidibus. </s> <s id="s.001256">Si tamen aliquid Oſtracitis lapi<lb></lb>dis Smiridis vocati, quo gemmas expo<lb></lb>liunt, addideris, copioſiorem aquam & me<lb></lb>liorem habebis, quia non vritur. </s> <s id="s.001257">His igi<lb></lb>tur experimento acceptis, videamus cur <lb></lb>aqua hæc adeò potens euadat: namque ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum edocet experimentum, ſicciorem <lb></lb>partem vi ignis attenuatam, vim igneam ac <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg126"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>erodentem ſuſcipere. </s> <s id="s.001258">Sed cur non ardet aqua <lb></lb>ſeparationis, vt ardens? </s> <s id="s.001259">quia ardens cali<lb></lb>dior eſt ac tenuior, & etiam minus ſicca: <lb></lb>ideò ardere poteſt, & egregiè calefacere, <lb></lb>non tamen erodere. </s> <s id="s.001260">Illa verò erodere poteſt, <lb></lb>non ardere, parúmque calefacere. </s> <s id="s.001261">Simili <lb></lb>igitur ratione quod ex calchanto oleum vi <lb></lb>ignis excipitur, quum ſicciſſimam partem <lb></lb>in humorem vertat, acutiſſimum eſt, atque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg127"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>linguam vt ignis ferit. </s> <s id="s.001262">Conſtat igitur & hac <lb></lb>ratione aquam fieri poſſe, quæ lapidem veſi<lb></lb>cæ per catheteram immiſſa, illicò confringet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001263">Nam cum duo ſint neceſſaria, & quod lapi<lb></lb>dem atterat, & quòd veſicæ ſit innoxia, pri<lb></lb>mùm præſtabit modus ac materia: nam ex<lb></lb>tremos vapores è ſcorpionum cinere, vel <lb></lb>Macedonici petroſilij, vel tecolitho, aut <lb></lb>lapidibus cancrorum excipiemus: ſic enim <lb></lb>aqua fiet quæ etiam porphyritem commi<lb></lb>nuat. </s> <s id="s.001264">Porrò innocentiam præſtat, ſi materia <lb></lb>ex qua aqua excipitur, omnis ſalſedinis ex<lb></lb>pers fuerit. </s> <s id="s.001265">Non igitur è ſalis genere aliquo, <lb></lb>aut alumine, vel calchanto, aut vini fæce, <lb></lb>ſed ex aliquo eorum, quæ nuper retulimus <lb></lb>aquam excipere oportebit. </s> <s id="s.001266">Opus autem ſem<lb></lb>per eſt diligenti experientia, in confirman<lb></lb>da ſubtili ratione, vt ea quæ adeò ſubtiliter <lb></lb>explorauimus, ſecurè per experientiam con<lb></lb>firmata, in vſum hominum poſſimus dedu<lb></lb>cere. </s> <s id="s.001267">Equidem ſcio ſtercus columbinum ac <lb></lb>parietariam, vel illud hac arte in aquam <lb></lb>deductum, lapides veſicæ duriſſimos fran<lb></lb>gere poſſe. </s> <s id="s.001268">Quodnam autem illud ſit, quòd <lb></lb>id facturum ſit, & abſque noxa, experien<lb></lb>tia declarari oportet. </s> <s id="s.001269">Nam & hircinus ſan<lb></lb>guis, & leporis pellis, & vitrum, multum <lb></lb>probantur ratione: ſed tamen nihil horum <lb></lb>forſitan ſeorſum, ſed ex his aliqua ſimul <lb></lb>iuncta, atque certa menſura. </s> <s id="s.001270">Metallicum <lb></lb>certè ſit tale oportet, aut ad metalli naturam <lb></lb>mutatum. </s> <s id="s.001271">Audiui quondam inuentam à quo<lb></lb>dam Ianuenſe, ſed denuò amiſſam morte il<lb></lb>lius, qui eam notam nemini facere vo<lb></lb>luit. </s> <s id="s.001272">Hoc certum ſanè eſt, inueniri poſſe, at<lb></lb>que hanc eſſe illius artem. </s> <s id="s.001273">Dubitatur autem <lb></lb>an tenuia magis acuta ſint, & an magis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg128"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>erodant. </s> <s id="s.001274">Andreas Lacuna Segobienſis me<lb></lb>dicus, medicamentum recitat Philippi Lu<lb></lb>ſitani, quòd conſtat alumine, ærugine, au<lb></lb>ripigmento, atque chalcitide, paribus por<lb></lb>tionibus, quæ perfuſa aceto acerrimo per <lb></lb>dies octo, atque in ſole trita ac ſiccata, vt <lb></lb>diutiùs teruntur, perfunduntur, ſiccantur, <lb></lb>vtque ſol magis excalefacit, ita celerius car<lb></lb>nes in collo veſicæ, & pudendo natas aufert, <lb></lb>atque minore cum dolore: ad hoc enim me<lb></lb>dicamentum paratur. </s> <s id="s.001275">A ſole igitur, & ace<lb></lb>to acri videntur, quæ craſſa ſunt commi<lb></lb>nui, ab attritione autem in pollinem redigi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001276">Quia verò minùs afficit dolore, id contin<lb></lb>git, quia partes exuſtæ reſoluuntur. </s> <s id="s.001277">Videtur <lb></lb>igitur medicamentum fieri tenuius quanti<lb></lb>tate, craſſius autem, & magis æquale ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia. </s> <s id="s.001278">Hoc autem minùs mutat corpus ex <lb></lb>calefaciendo, aut ſiccando. </s> <s id="s.001279">Tenuiſſima igi<lb></lb>tur tàm quantitate, quàm ſubſtantia cele<lb></lb>riùs erodunt: ſed ſubſtantia moderata, minùs <lb></lb>afficiunt dolore. </s> <s id="s.001280">Craſſa igitur quantitate, <lb></lb>& tenuia ſubſtantia, dolorem inferunt, & <lb></lb>ſeriùs erodunt: ſubſtantia craſſa, & quanti<lb></lb>tate, ſerò & ſine dolore: vt calx, & ſapo te<lb></lb>ner, de quo aliàs dictum eſt: ſubtilia vtro<lb></lb>que modo, celeriter, & magno cum dolo<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.001281">Craſſa ſubſtantia, & tenuia quantitate, <lb></lb>erodunt celeriter, & paruo cum dolore, atque <lb></lb>ea optima ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001282">Sed de his, quæ ad hominum <lb></lb>curationem pertinent, alio loco tracta<lb></lb>bitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001283"><margin.target id="marg122"></margin.target>Ignis an <lb></lb>æthere te<lb></lb>nuior.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001284"><margin.target id="marg123"></margin.target>De differen<lb></lb>tia calcis à <lb></lb>cinere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001285"><margin.target id="marg124"></margin.target>Aqua quæ <lb></lb>aurum ab ar<lb></lb>gento ſepa<lb></lb>rat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001286"><margin.target id="marg125"></margin.target>Aqua poten<lb></lb>tiſſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001287"><margin.target id="marg126"></margin.target>Aquarum <lb></lb>ardentis & <lb></lb>ſeparationis <lb></lb>comparatio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001288"><margin.target id="marg127"></margin.target>Aqua quæ <lb></lb>veſicæ lapi<lb></lb>dem poteſt <lb></lb>confringere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001289"><margin.target id="marg128"></margin.target>Tenuia an <lb></lb>craſſa magis <lb></lb>erodant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001290">Cæterùm vt ad rem redeam dubitatio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg129"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>emergit: Si magnus calor efficit has aquas, <lb></lb>ardentem puta ac ſeparationis, quomodo ta<lb></lb>ctu frigidæ ſunt? </s> <s id="s.001291">aut ſi iam refrigeratæ <lb></lb>ſunt, cur metalla colliquant? </s> <s id="s.001292">vel ſi aliquid <lb></lb>remanſit caloris, cur vel ſine motu penitùs <lb></lb>non extinguitur? </s> <s id="s.001293">vel ſi motu iuuatur ali<lb></lb>quo, cur materiam adeò paratam non accen<lb></lb>dit? </s> <s id="s.001294">Horum autem nullum experientia do<lb></lb>cet. </s> <s id="s.001295">Eadem verò ratio & in naturalibus mi<lb></lb>ſtis eſt. </s> <s id="s.001296">Nam ſulphur facillimè accenditur, <lb></lb>& tamen per ſe friget. </s> <s id="s.001297">Piper exurit linguam, <lb></lb>& corpus vehementer, ſi edatur, accendit, <lb></lb>& tamen tactu frigidum eſt, & igni admo<lb></lb>tum, vix ignem concipit. </s> <s id="s.001298">Decebat Philo<lb></lb>ſophos hæc quærere, quæ ſenſu conſtant, & <lb></lb>quotidie tractamus, quæque cùm inuenta <lb></lb>fuerint, magnam vtilitatem afferunt, & non <lb></lb>his relictis, quæ præ manibus (vt dici ſolet) <lb></lb>habemus, nouas nouas nominibus excogita<lb></lb>re quæſtiones, in quibus non minùs incertum <lb></lb>habeas, quid ſit de quo quæritur, quàm quo<lb></lb>modo id quod quærimus, ſit determinan<lb></lb>dum: deinde, etiamſi millies rectè, quod ta<lb></lb>men vix vnquam accidit, quæſtio diſſolua<lb></lb>tur, nihil humano generi afferat vtilitatis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001299">Cuius ſignum eſt manifeſtum, in tot ſecu<lb></lb>lis hos egregios viros nihil vnquam ad vitæ <lb></lb>vſum inueniſſe, quòd falſis principiis inni<lb></lb>tantur, & nugari ac obſtrepere ſolùm his <lb></lb>ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.001300">Igitur ne illos repræhendendo eis <lb></lb>ſimilis euadam, quæſtionem hanc valdè ne<lb></lb>ceſſariam diſſoluere aggrediar. </s> <s id="s.001301">Primùm igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg130"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur illud proponendum eſt, miſta ex ele<lb></lb>mentis credi compoſita, quòd in miſtis ele<lb></lb>mentorum qualitates ſint manifeſtæ, atque <lb></lb>ob id etiam tot elementa credita ſunt in eis <lb></lb>eſſe, quot combinationes qualitatum, non <lb></lb>concludente argumento. </s> <s id="s.001302">Aliud ſyncęrius <lb></lb>indicium eſt, quòd in quibuſdam terra, vt <lb></lb>in metallicis ac lapidibus in aliis aqua, ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg131"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>luti in herbis, manifeſtè videantur. </s> <s id="s.001303">Illud <lb></lb>quoque ſupponendum, quod oculis vide<lb></lb>mus, terram & aquam ſolas eſſe miſtorum <lb></lb>materias, & quod & Philoſophus quaſi di<lb></lb>uinando dixit, calorem verò ipſum eſſe, qui <lb></lb>hæc miſcendo concoquat. </s> <s id="s.001304">Si igitur terrę plu<lb></lb>rimùm & caloris <expan abbr="igneũ">igneum</expan> efficitur, vt in aquis <lb></lb>iam prædictis. </s> <s id="s.001305">Si cum plurima terra modicus <lb></lb>calor extiterit, terreum dicitur. </s> <s id="s.001306">Primi exem<lb></lb>plum eſt piper, ſecundi lapides. </s> <s id="s.001307">Si aqua <pb pagenum="386" xlink:href="016/01/035.jpg"></pb>exuperet, terræ parùm ſit, calor autem ma<lb></lb>gnus, fit aëreum, quod pingue omne eſt, ac <lb></lb>facilè flagrat: cuiuſmodi ſunt omnia olea, <lb></lb>pinguedines. </s> <s id="s.001308">ſulphur, bitumen: ſi paruus ca<lb></lb>lor, aquea, vt olera pleraque. </s> <s id="s.001309">Cur igitur piper <lb></lb>non accenditur facilè? </s> <s id="s.001310">quia cum attenuata <lb></lb>parte multum eſt terrei. </s> <s id="s.001311">Docuimus autem <lb></lb>quòd terreum, quod multum contineat ma<lb></lb>teriæ, & motum prohibeat, ignis generationi <lb></lb>repugnet. </s> <s id="s.001312">At dices, leue piper eſt. </s> <s id="s.001313">Reſpon<lb></lb>deo, hoc eſt quia inane, ſubſtantia verò ipſa <lb></lb>grauis: & ſi contundantur optimè, haud leue <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.001314">Sulphur verò cùm humidum ſit, linguam <lb></lb>non exurit: ardet tamen, quia calidum eſt <lb></lb>vehementer. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001315"><margin.target id="marg129"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>ignis affectus <lb></lb>abſque igne <lb></lb>appareant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001316"><margin.target id="marg130"></margin.target>Tria tantum <lb></lb>verè in mi<lb></lb>ſtis, terra & <lb></lb>aqua pro ma<lb></lb>teria, & ca<lb></lb>lor cœleſtis <lb></lb>agens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001317"><margin.target id="marg131"></margin.target>2. de Part. <lb></lb>animal. </s> <s id="s.001318">Ca. <lb></lb>1. in initio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001319">His igitur vt in principiis acceptis, ad quæ<lb></lb>ſtionis diſſolutionem accedamus. </s> <s id="s.001320">In miſtis <lb></lb>ipſis tria tantùm apparent, terra, & aqua, & <lb></lb>calor, qui ea miſcet. </s> <s id="s.001321">Nam terram, & aquam <lb></lb>ſpontè miſceri palàm eſt: aër miſtionem refu<lb></lb>git, nec miſcere vnquam poteris illum his, <lb></lb>nec ſi quid aliud eo tenuius eſſet. </s> <s id="s.001322">De igne ve<lb></lb>rò non eſt dubitandum, cùm neque ſit <expan abbr="elemẽ-tum">elemen<lb></lb>tum</expan>, nec quicquam generet. </s> <s id="s.001323">Ergo ſi miſta <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg132"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>his conſtarent, violenter miſcerentur. </s> <s id="s.001324">Ignem <lb></lb>autem non generare palàm eſt, quia exteriùs <lb></lb>euocat: at quod generat, intùs reuocat omnia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001325">Siccat etiam ignis, & quæ generantur, hu<lb></lb>mido indigent, quod quaſi glutinum partes <lb></lb>vnum cohærere faciat. </s> <s id="s.001326">Rurſus ignis ſeparat <lb></lb>ac diuidit: generatio autem craſi non ſolùm <lb></lb>miſtione indiget. </s> <s id="s.001327">Qualitates etiam ad ſum<lb></lb>mum ignis deducit: at quæ ad generationem <lb></lb>conueniunt, quæque miſcentur, qualitates <lb></lb>mutuò frangunt. </s> <s id="s.001328">Denique proprium munus <lb></lb>eſt cœleſtis caloris, generare, non autem ig<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg133"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nei: neque enim ignis vita potentia eſt. </s> <s id="s.001329">Miſ<lb></lb>cet autem ignis corpora, ſed tamen <expan abbr="ſubſtãtias">ſubſtantias</expan> <lb></lb>ipſas diuidit, ac ſeparat. </s> <s id="s.001330">Propterea panis igne <lb></lb>conficitur, caro verò corrumpitur: verùm <lb></lb>quia vſus non admittit, vt carnes crudas <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg134"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>edamus, igne eas coquimus. </s> <s id="s.001331">Quòd ſi car<lb></lb>nes, & oua cruda comedere conſuetum <lb></lb>eſſet, ad vitæ diuturnitatem non parùm con<lb></lb>duceret. </s> <s id="s.001332">Verùm quia hæc edere haud licet, <lb></lb>quæ cruda poſſunt, lac, mel, oleum, bu<lb></lb>tyrum, ſuccarum, olera plæraque tenuioris <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ, ſi edantur, vtiliora erunt tàm <lb></lb>vitæ, quàm valetudini. </s> <s id="s.001333">Nam etſi (vt dixi) <lb></lb>ignis corpora miſceat, & ex ſulphure, ar<lb></lb>gentóque viuo conficiat cinnabarim, ſub<lb></lb>ſtantias tamen alimentorum ſeparat, & tenue <lb></lb>à craſſo ſeiungendo deterius reddit. </s> <s id="s.001334">Itaque ni <lb></lb>faſtidium obſtaret, oua, oſtrea, oblongáque <lb></lb>conchylia cruda edere melius eſſet, quàm <lb></lb>cocta. </s> <s id="s.001335">Atque in vniuerſum ſi vires validæ <lb></lb>fuerint, & faſtidium homines non vexet, ig<lb></lb>nis propè pro cibis nulla eſſet neceſſitas aut <lb></lb>vtilitas. </s> <s id="s.001336">Sed maluerunt hoc modo lautè, pa<lb></lb>rúmque viuere, quàm diu ferarum, aut ru<lb></lb>ſticorum ritu. </s> <s id="s.001337">Ob id tamen non parùm his, <lb></lb>qui in <foreign lang="grc">ἐρέμῳ</foreign> habitarunt, ad vitæ longitudi<lb></lb>nem conduxiſſe arbitror crudorum cibo<lb></lb>rum eſum. </s> <s id="s.001338">Nam cruda quum coquun<lb></lb>tur, meliora ſunt coctis, quæ non ignis <lb></lb>vitio carent. </s> <s id="s.001339">Sed à pueritia aſſueſcere <lb></lb>oportet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg135"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001340"><margin.target id="marg132"></margin.target>Ignem non <lb></lb>generare de<lb></lb>monſtratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001341"><margin.target id="marg133"></margin.target>Ignis vires <lb></lb>in miſcendo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001342"><margin.target id="marg134"></margin.target>Cruda ad <lb></lb>vitam, & ſa<lb></lb>lubritatem <lb></lb>corporis vti<lb></lb>liora.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001343"><margin.target id="marg135"></margin.target>Calor qua<lb></lb>druplex, quæ<lb></lb>ſtioniſque <lb></lb>diſſolutio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001344">Calor igitur quadruplex: alius vt in prin<lb></lb>cipali agente, id eſt, radiis ſiderum: alius <lb></lb>& ipſe in actu, ſed ſicco iunctus: tertius, <lb></lb>humido: quartus autem veſtigium eſt calo<lb></lb>ris, non calor. </s> <s id="s.001345">Primùm igitur cœleſtem vo<lb></lb>care ſolemus, eſtque aliorum origo & fons: <lb></lb>hic vt talis eſt, caleſacit, nondum tamen <lb></lb>generat, quia materiæ coniunctus non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001346">Hunc Ariſtotelici, qui audacter in his, in <lb></lb>quibus coargui non poſſunt, litigant, non <lb></lb>eſſe calorem dicerent. </s> <s id="s.001347">Nullum enim eſſe <lb></lb>calidum ſitus, quòd cœlum omnis ſit ex<lb></lb>pers qualitatis. </s> <s id="s.001348">Secundus igneus eſt, & vo<lb></lb>catur, qui nihil generat, qui iunctus ſic<lb></lb>citati inſtrumentum eſt potiùs corruptio<lb></lb>nis, & ſeparationis, quàm miſtionis, aut <lb></lb>craſis, ſine quibus non fit generatio. </s> <s id="s.001349">Nec <lb></lb>ſolùm ignis, ſed omnis calor ex illius gene<lb></lb>re corrumpit, & generationi repugnat. </s> <s id="s.001350">Ob <lb></lb>id nec cineribus oua excepta pullos edunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001351">Tertiò nomen eſt naturalis calor, qui & <lb></lb>ipſe motu indiget: nam omnis calor dum <lb></lb>viget, motu indiget, & depaſcitur ſubie<lb></lb>ctam materiam. </s> <s id="s.001352">Hic verò duplex, alius qui<lb></lb>dem manifeſtum habens motum, reſolu<lb></lb>tionémque, qualis in animalibus perfe<lb></lb>ctis maximè, atque magis in ſanguineis: <lb></lb>aut obſcurum motum, qualis in plantis, <lb></lb>multóque magis in ſeminibus earum, atque <lb></lb>metallicis: in his enim motum calor habet <lb></lb>obſcurum, & tamen humidum diſſoluit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001353">Indicio eſt, quòd ſeruata ſemina areſcunt, <lb></lb>etiamſi inungantur, anni ſpatio vel bien<lb></lb>nij, ſeneſcúntque non ſecùs ac homines ru<lb></lb>gis contractis, leuioráque infœcunda etiam <lb></lb>facta. </s> <s id="s.001354">Calor is autem facultas dicitur, velut <lb></lb>in pipere, cùm à tota planta deriuatur in ſe<lb></lb>men, & à toto monte in metallum, vel à ma<lb></lb>gna parte, nimis concoquens, quòd conco<lb></lb>qui debet, terream maximè partem: túncque <lb></lb>igneum redditur, ſi multus calor extiterit: <lb></lb>ſi paucus, lapis: ſi in aqueam ſubſtantiam <lb></lb>multus agat, fit pingue: ſin paucus, <lb></lb>aqueum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001355">Quæres forſitan, an calor actu maneat? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001356">Manet quidem, ſed ille quum ſit naturalis <lb></lb>in humida ſubſtantia, vtpote piperis, funda<lb></lb>tus eſt, quamobrem exurere non poteſt, eó<lb></lb>que magis quòd auulſo ſemine ab arbore <lb></lb>perexiguus relinquitur. </s> <s id="s.001357">Neque igitur ob <lb></lb>naturalem calorem piper calidum eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt, cùm ille ſit valdè tenuis: nec propter <lb></lb>ſubſtantiam exuſtam, quum illa caloris ve<lb></lb>ſtigium, non calorem retineat. </s> <s id="s.001358">Sic & ar<lb></lb>dens aqua veſtigium caloris retinet, non ca<lb></lb>lorem, & cinis refrigeratus. </s> <s id="s.001359">Calx verò ali<lb></lb>quandiu calorem retinet, illúmque in ſic<lb></lb>co: ideo tangenti calida, & maximè intùs: <lb></lb>exteriùs enim ab aëre perfrigeratur. </s> <s id="s.001360">Ita<lb></lb>que pauca aqua ſi conſpergatur, accendi ſo<lb></lb>let. </s> <s id="s.001361">Sed dices, calor igneus in humido eſſe <lb></lb>videtur, vt cum ardet candela. </s> <s id="s.001362">Sed non eſt, <lb></lb>alitur enim ex humido, ſed in humido <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001363">Vt neque homo licet pomis veſcatur, pomea <lb></lb>non eſt ſubſtantia, ſed carnea: ita ignis te<lb></lb>nuibus tàm humidis, quàm ſiccis alitur, <lb></lb>ſed in ſolo ſicco, eóque tenuiſſimo funda<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.001364">Atque ea de cauſa inuentum eſt, quónam <lb></lb>pacto non ſecùs quàm in ſartagine piſces co<arrow.to.target n="marg136"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quantur in charta: Chartam ſeligito, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> vo<lb></lb>camus papyrum, ſimplicem, erectiſque ſpon<lb></lb>dis in modum lucernæ ex omni latere oleum <lb></lb>infunde, & antequam exudet ſuper puras <pb pagenum="387" xlink:href="016/01/036.jpg"></pb>prunas abſque flamma impone: nec pene<lb></lb>trat oleum refugiens ignem, nec ardet char<lb></lb>ta, quia non poteſt ſiccari, oleo repugnan<lb></lb>te: ignis verò non ſine extrema ſiccitate, <lb></lb>nec flamma, nec motus attenuare poſſunt, <lb></lb>vt ignis accendatur, incaleſcit tamen ſen<lb></lb>ſim mutatis prunis atque ita feruet, quod <lb></lb>mirum videtur, adeò vt impoſiti piſces co<lb></lb>quantur. </s> <s id="s.001365">Sed cur filum ouo circundatum, non <lb></lb>ſolùm in prunis, ſed nec in flamma ardet? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001366">quia non fit ignis, niſi calor ad ſummum <lb></lb>deducatur, at ſemper prohibetur ab ouo ne <lb></lb>ad ſummum deducatur, quia ouum comburi <lb></lb>non poteſt: at quod non comburitur, aliquo <lb></lb>modo ſemper refrigerat, quod eſt maximè <lb></lb>calidum. </s> <s id="s.001367">Eadem ratione linteum chryſtallo <lb></lb>polito ſuperpoſitum non ardet ſub pruna, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg137"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiamſi folle ſufflaueris. </s> <s id="s.001368">Sed ſi calor in <lb></lb>humido generat, cur non in aqua feruente <lb></lb>generatio? </s> <s id="s.001369">quia calor ille aut non eſt in ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia aquæ, vel eſt etiam in alio quod ſic<lb></lb>cum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001370">Indicio eſt, quòd aqua feruens vt <lb></lb>ignis vrit. </s> <s id="s.001371">Quòd verò in illius ſubſtantia <lb></lb>non ſit, indicat, quòd igne amoto aqua <lb></lb>ſpontè refrigeratur. </s> <s id="s.001372">Sed calor ſi in humido <lb></lb>ſit, generat: vt cùm caro ſoli exponitur, <lb></lb>vermiculi generantur, & in fimo vermes, & <lb></lb>in Ægypto oua fimo contecta pullos edunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001373">Fertur & olim Liuiam Auguſtam cùm ouum <lb></lb>fouiſſet in ſinu, alternantibus per vices an<lb></lb>cillis, eduxiſſe criſtatum gallum. </s> <s id="s.001374">Calor ve<lb></lb>rò putridus è genere eſt ignei, quia ſiccus: <lb></lb>ſed ſimilis eſt naturali, quia cum generatio<lb></lb>ne eſt. </s> <s id="s.001375">Differt ab igneo, quia motum non ha<lb></lb>bet manifeſtum: igneus autem habet, ideò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg138"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ex altero in alterum tranſitus. </s> <s id="s.001376">Nam igneus <lb></lb>moderatus putrefacit, putridus auctus vrit, <lb></lb>ardet, & accendit. </s> <s id="s.001377">Ob hoc putridæ febres <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>tanto ſunt æſtu. </s> <s id="s.001378">Cur igitur igneus calor in <lb></lb>naturalem non poſſit tranſmutari, cauſæ ſunt <lb></lb>manifeſtæ. </s> <s id="s.001379">Nam igneus ſiccus eſt, & humi<lb></lb>dior fieri nequit, qualis eſt naturalis. </s> <s id="s.001380">Igneus <lb></lb>etiam euocat, & ſeparat, naturalis intrò tra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg139"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hit, & miſcet. </s> <s id="s.001381">Omnis enim calor humidus <lb></lb>miſcet. </s> <s id="s.001382">At naturalis in putridum, & igneum <lb></lb>tranſire poteſt, quia humidum à calore ſic<lb></lb>catur. </s> <s id="s.001383">Ob hoc igitur ignis humida denigrare <lb></lb>ſolet, quia humidum exterius euocat, aërém<lb></lb>que expellit, ſicca dealbat: quia quod erat hu<lb></lb>midi, abſumit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001384"><margin.target id="marg136"></margin.target>Quomodo in <lb></lb>charta piſces <lb></lb>velut in ſar<lb></lb>tagine friga<lb></lb>mus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001385"><margin.target id="marg137"></margin.target>Ouo filum <lb></lb>circumdu<lb></lb>ctum in igne <lb></lb>non ardet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001386"><margin.target id="marg138"></margin.target>Colorum in<lb></lb>uicem tranſ<lb></lb>mutationes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001387"><margin.target id="marg139"></margin.target>Ignis cur <lb></lb>aliqua deal<lb></lb>bet, aliqua <lb></lb>denigret.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001388">Rurſus dubitabis, ſi ignis agit in aquam, <lb></lb>aërem generat, cur non igitur humidum pin<lb></lb>gue? </s> <s id="s.001389">Reſpondeo, pingue fit ob miſtionem, <lb></lb>ignis autem ſeparat. </s> <s id="s.001390">Separat autem propriæ <lb></lb>vtilitatis cauſa, quia aqueum propellit, <lb></lb>quod vri nequit, velut in lignis viridibus, <lb></lb>quæ cùm accenduntur, aquam exudant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001391">Depaſcitur autem pingue humidum, in <lb></lb>quod olim dum viueret, calor naturalis fun<lb></lb>datus erat. </s> <s id="s.001392">Ergo quod ardet, tenuiſſimum <lb></lb>& ſicciſſimum eſſe neceſſe eſt, vt palea, <lb></lb>aqua ardens, pyrius puluis. </s> <s id="s.001393">Sed in hoc ali<lb></lb>quid eſt terreum propter halinitrum, ideó<lb></lb>que ſtrepitum edit. </s> <s id="s.001394">Conati ſunt ob id qui<lb></lb>dam detracto halinitro puluerem compone<lb></lb>re, qui ſine ſtrepitu ſphærulam emitteret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001395">Quòd ſi lentè, & ſine magna vi fieri poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001396">Atque hunc Braſauolus refert Ferrariæ Du<lb></lb>cem inueniſſe, ſed qui ſine impetu, ac ad <lb></lb>XII. fermè tantum paſſus extenderet ictum: <lb></lb>cum magna autem vi <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) penitùs eſt <lb></lb>impoſſibile. </s> <s id="s.001397">Detracto enim halinitro, ad<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg140"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>huc adeò elaborari poterit puluis pyrius, vt <lb></lb>ſphærulam emittat, & ſine ſtrepitu. </s> <s id="s.001398">Sed in <lb></lb>vniuerſum, quantùm è ftrepitu, tantùm <lb></lb>ex impetu detraxeris. </s> <s id="s.001399">Ergo ſubiecta mate<lb></lb>ria ignem variare ſolet, atque illius vires: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg141"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>adeò vt ignis è carbonibus vel lignis ſoli<lb></lb>dioribus, vt quercu, vel lapidibus, aut in <lb></lb>metallis fixus, viſum non leuiter offendat, <lb></lb>cùm ex ſaligneis ac ſtipulis innoxiùs penè <lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.001400">Vt enim ſolidior eſt materia, ita ignis <lb></lb>denſior eſt. </s> <s id="s.001401">Omnis enim calor talis eſt, <lb></lb>quale alimentum. </s> <s id="s.001402">Vnde ſolidiora alimen<lb></lb>ta robuſtiorem calorem efficiunt. </s> <s id="s.001403">In<lb></lb>de ſplendor maior ac viuacior, qui ſpiritus <lb></lb>in oculo hebetat, & tenuiſſimum illud hu<lb></lb>midum, in quo videndi vis ſita eſt, ſiccat, <lb></lb>& conſumit. </s> <s id="s.001404">Eadem ratione, quod tamen <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg142"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>magis mirum eſt, metalla igne liquata è li<lb></lb>gnis mollibus tenaciora redduntur, & mol<lb></lb>liora: è validioribus autem dura, & fragi<lb></lb>lia, tantùm poteſt materiæ varietas. </s> <s id="s.001405">Suſcipit <lb></lb>& varietatem à natura propria & modo ap<lb></lb>plicandi. </s> <s id="s.001406">Imbecillis eſt cùm ſupponitur, vt <lb></lb>cùm carnes coquimus, applicatur ſub, vt ve<lb></lb>hementiùs agat: nam (vt diximus) ignis na<lb></lb>turâ ſursùm tendit. </s> <s id="s.001407">Proximus huic eſt: quem <lb></lb>vocant reflexum: fit cùm ſuprà & infrà ap<lb></lb>plicatur, vel à latere, oppoſito latere vim ig<lb></lb>nis reddente: hoc mollia metalla eruuntur <lb></lb>ex lapidibus, quibus iuncta ſunt, & argen<lb></lb>tum ab ære ſeparatur. </s> <s id="s.001408">Tertium genus eſt ig<lb></lb>nis ambientis, cùm vndique res, quam vre<lb></lb>re tentamus, aut colliquare, ab igne ſine <lb></lb>follibus circumambitur. </s> <s id="s.001409">Extremus modus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg143"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, quo nullus violentior, cùm difficilli<lb></lb>mas materias duriſſimis lapidibus miſtas col<lb></lb>liquare volumus. </s> <s id="s.001410">Fit autem hoc modo: Va<lb></lb>ſa longitudinis cubitorum quatuor, aut ſal<lb></lb>tem trium, latitudinis dodrantis, craſſitu<lb></lb>dinis digitorum trium, in imo flexa, ac ad <lb></lb>cubiti figuram fermè formata, ſine fundo, <lb></lb>ex ſilice nigro maculis albis inſperſo fiunt: <lb></lb>in medio longitudinis foramen, atque in eo <lb></lb>canalis ad vnguem collocatus, per quem <lb></lb>ſpiritus follium intùs feratur: in imo fora<lb></lb>men, per quod liquata materia deſcendat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001411">Ima pars vaſis obſtruitur, eo ( vt dixi) reli<lb></lb>cto oſculo, argilla & carbonibus tritis ſimul <lb></lb>tuſis, & in formam cæmenti ac tenaciorem <lb></lb>redactis. </s> <s id="s.001412">Hæc ſic diſpoſita, à ſimilitudine <lb></lb>Manicæ metallicæ dicuntur. </s> <s id="s.001413">Implentur in<lb></lb>tùs materia, quam liquare propoſitum eſt, <lb></lb>atque carbonibus alternatim concluſus hic <lb></lb>ignis ſummam habet vim, cunctáque ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, ſi non colliquantur, vri. </s> <s id="s.001414">Non vul<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg144"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>garis vtilitas eſt ſpiritus, qui per <expan abbr="canalẽ">canalem</expan> ex <lb></lb>follibus intùs immittitur: hic primò, quòd <lb></lb>palàm eſt, ignem accendit, & flammam ſuſ<lb></lb>citat, ipſúmque ignem cogit vehementiùs <lb></lb>penetrare. </s> <s id="s.001415">Secundò, cùm frigidus ſit, conce<lb></lb>ptum a metallo calorem cogit, ac intrò pel<lb></lb>lit, atque ſic materiam in qua eſt, diſſoluit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001416">Tertiò ſi quid liquatum eſt, ne vratur, pro<lb></lb>hibet, calorémque mitigat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001417"><margin.target id="marg140"></margin.target>Puluis pyrius <lb></lb>abſque ſtre<lb></lb>pitu ſphæru<lb></lb>lam eiiciens <lb></lb>è machinis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001418"><margin.target id="marg141"></margin.target>Ignis offen<lb></lb>dens viſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001419"><margin.target id="marg142"></margin.target>Ignis qui <lb></lb>mollia red<lb></lb>dit metalla, <lb></lb>vel dura. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001420">Varia <expan abbr="igniũ">ignium</expan> <lb></lb>vis ex appli<lb></lb>catione.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001421"><margin.target id="marg143"></margin.target>Manicæ me<lb></lb>tallicæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001422"><margin.target id="marg144"></margin.target>Vtilitas fol<lb></lb>lium in li<lb></lb>quandis me<lb></lb>tallis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001423">Supereſt his viſis, vt dubitationes ali<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg145"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quas diſſoluamus, quarum prima eſt, ſi ca<lb></lb>lidum in humido concoquit, atque aërem <lb></lb>etiam, ſeu calidam & humidam materiam <pb pagenum="388" xlink:href="016/01/037.jpg"></pb>generat, quid prohibet, ne in miſtis aërem <lb></lb>etiam eſſe ponamus? </s> <s id="s.001424">Nam vt frigida & ſic<lb></lb>ca materia ibi eſt, non pura terra, & frigi<lb></lb>da, & humida, non autem aqua: ſic cali<lb></lb>da & humida materia illa aër dici poterit, <lb></lb>& calida ac ſicca ignis: atque ſic res hæc ad <lb></lb>opinionem Ariſtotelicorum denuò redibit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001425">Sed differentia non parua eſt. </s> <s id="s.001426">Primò, quia <lb></lb>aër ibi nullus eſt: fit enim aër à calido igneo <lb></lb>non naturali: quòd & ſi fiat, extruditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001427">Palam eſt hoc, quòd homines, qui vali<lb></lb>dum habent calorem naturalem, expertes <lb></lb>flatus ſunt: ſunt qui verò bile abundant & <lb></lb>calidi ſunt naturâ, modicum tamen ha<lb></lb>bent naturalis caloris, flatu abundant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001428">Deinde quòd aliud ſit dicere, ab initio ge<lb></lb>nerationis quatuor elementa miſceri, aliud <lb></lb>quòd in miſtis poſtquam miſta ſunt, inue<lb></lb>niantur partes his elementis conſimiles. </s> <s id="s.001429">Ac<lb></lb>cedit, quòd pars illa, quæ igni ſimilis vide<lb></lb>tur, huic noſtro ſimilis eſt, quod elemen<lb></lb>tum nullum eſſe conſtat. </s> <s id="s.001430">Denique quod ma<lb></lb>ius eſt, terreæ & aqueæ partes cùm ſeparan<lb></lb>tur, non ſola qualitate, ſed etiam ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiis terram & aquam referunt: igneæ autem <lb></lb>& aëreæ non ſubſtantiis, ſed ſola qualitate. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001431">Itaque, vt dictum antè fuit, terra, aqua, & <lb></lb>calorin humido cuncta generant, è quibus <lb></lb>tamen ſecundum ſimilitudinem qualitatum <lb></lb>quatuor ſubſtantiæ fieri videntur. </s> <s id="s.001432">Nam <expan abbr="quã-vis">quam<lb></lb>vis</expan> ( vt dixi ) aër naturâ ſit frigidiſſimus, in <lb></lb>miſtis tamen quatuor ſunt partes, ſubſtantia <lb></lb>& viribus differentes. </s> <s id="s.001433">Terra enim, quæ ca<lb></lb>lore euicta non eſt, frigida & ſicca manens, <lb></lb>naturam, cùm ac ſubſtantiam, & nomen <lb></lb>priùs ei inditum retinet, tametſi minimè ter<lb></lb>ra ſit. </s> <s id="s.001434">Pars autem eius: quæ à calore ſupe<lb></lb>ratur, ſicca manens, euadit calidior, voca<lb></lb>túrque ignis vel quia igni noſtro ſimilis ſe, <lb></lb>licet inferior viribus: vel quia de igne talem <lb></lb>veteres opinionem habuerint. </s> <s id="s.001435">Simili ratione <lb></lb>aqua, quam calor euincere nequiuit, aqua <lb></lb>vocatur, nec tamen aqua eſt. </s> <s id="s.001436">Pars autem, <lb></lb>quam calor ſuperauit, dicitur aër, quia ca<lb></lb>lida eſt, & humida ſubſtantia: talem enim <lb></lb>aërem eſſe veteres exiſtimauerunt, quum <lb></lb>tamen ( vt dixi ) aër velut cætera omnia ele<lb></lb>menta ſit frigidiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.001437">Atque hæc de miſto<lb></lb>rum partibus quæſtio clara eſt. </s> <s id="s.001438">Alia huic <lb></lb>difficilior ſuccedit quæſtio. </s> <s id="s.001439">Nam ſi calor <lb></lb>putridus eſt in ſicco, quomodo generat? </s> <s id="s.001440">Po<lb></lb>ſuimus enim ipſum igneæ naturæ, & tamen <lb></lb>animalia generare palàm eſt. </s> <s id="s.001441">Si autem in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg146"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humido, quomodo corrumpit? </s> <s id="s.001442">Verùm ob id <lb></lb>generat, quia à naturali ſubſtantia non dif<lb></lb>fert. </s> <s id="s.001443">Etenim quum in humido ſitus ſit, natu<lb></lb>ralis dicitur his, quibus conuenit: his au<lb></lb>tem quibus eſt diſſimilis ac noxius, non na<lb></lb>turalis ac putridus appellatur. </s> <s id="s.001444">Cùm enim ca<lb></lb>ro corrumpitur, calor qui intus eſt carni <lb></lb>quidem putridus, vermi autem generando <lb></lb>naturalis eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.001445">Ob hoc igitur ca<lb></lb>lor omnis putridus aliquid generat, & ali<lb></lb>quid etiam corrumpit. </s> <s id="s.001446">Quia enim elemen<lb></lb>ta omnia ( vt dixi ) frigidiſſima ſunt, ſuper<lb></lb>ueniente calore neceſſariò agitantur atque <lb></lb>miſcentur, & aliquid generant, pro caloris <lb></lb>ac materiæ natura: humidum primò, inde fun<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg147"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gos, pòſt herbarum genera quædam, tum <lb></lb>vermes atque ſerpentes. </s> <s id="s.001447">Vnde animæ ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia ipſa manifeſta eſt, quia calore quo<lb></lb>dam cœleſti conſtat. </s> <s id="s.001448">Neque ergo putredo <lb></lb>vlla fit, quæ non ſit generatio. </s> <s id="s.001449">Et calor idem <lb></lb>ſemper hoc generat, illud corrumpit. </s> <s id="s.001450">Et <lb></lb>quum ex pomo homo nutritur, humanus <lb></lb>ille calor pomo quidem putridus eſt, homi<lb></lb>ni autem naturalis. </s> <s id="s.001451">Dicitur tamen magis <lb></lb>naturalis is, qui eſt in ſemine, quia tranſ<lb></lb>mutatio fit ad nobilius. </s> <s id="s.001452">Putridus autem vo<lb></lb>catur, quum generantur animalia, quæ vi<lb></lb>liora ſunt his, ex quibus generantur. </s> <s id="s.001453">Vt <lb></lb>igitur in ſemine actio omnis, niſi impedia<lb></lb>tur, ad generationem eſt, ita etiam in pu<lb></lb>trefactione: nam & illa opus naturæ fruſtra<lb></lb>ri contingit. </s> <s id="s.001454">Omnis ergo calor ſimilis na<lb></lb>turalis dicitur, & conſeruat: diſſimilis au<lb></lb>tem putridus appellatur, & corrumpit. </s> <s id="s.001455">In <lb></lb>hypydem iis enim ouis calor gallinæ cor<lb></lb>rumpit, & aliud generat, non pullum: quia <lb></lb>calor ille non eſt ei naturalis. </s> <s id="s.001456">In ouis au<lb></lb>tem, quæ ſemine galli fœcunda facta ſunt, <lb></lb>naturalis fit, & pullos generat. </s> <s id="s.001457">Vnus igi<lb></lb>tur, idémque calor & naturalis eſt, & pu<lb></lb>trefaciens. </s> <s id="s.001458">Ergo ſi calor omnis, qui corrum<lb></lb>pit quod iam eſt, putridus dicitur, etiam <lb></lb>qui in ſemine eſt, putridus meritò dici poteſt: <lb></lb>corrumpit enim ſemen plantæ vt plantam, <lb></lb>& aſini vt aſinum, & hominis vt hominem <lb></lb>generet. </s> <s id="s.001459">Quamobrem omnis calor generans, <lb></lb>putridus erit. </s> <s id="s.001460">Sed naturalis dicitur, cùm ſi<lb></lb>mile generat his, à quibus deciditur, & no<lb></lb>bilius ipſa materia. </s> <s id="s.001461">Sed omnis putridus ge<lb></lb>nerat aliquid, & ideò naturalis eſt. </s> <s id="s.001462">Calor <lb></lb>igitur naturalis, & putridus ſolùm compa<lb></lb>ratione differunt, re autem idem ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001463">Namque omnis calor cœleſtis generat, & <lb></lb>corrumpit, eſtque anima, vel animæ inſtru<lb></lb>mentum, aut cauſa: inſtrumentum autem non <lb></lb>eſt, quia anima prior eſt: neque cauſa, manet <lb></lb>enim: ſed anima. </s> <s id="s.001464">Propter quod non malè di<lb></lb>xit Anaxagoras, omnia eſſe miſta, atque ani<lb></lb>mâ prædita. </s> <s id="s.001465">Nam quæcunque miſta ſunt, ge<lb></lb>nerantur, & corrumpuntur: quod autem ge<lb></lb>nerat, & corrumpit, calor eſt naturalis: calor <lb></lb>autem naturalis, aut anima, aut non ſine ani<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.001466">Miſta igitur omnia calida, & calidum <lb></lb>omne viuit, aut ad vitam properat. </s> <s id="s.001467">Calor <lb></lb>enim ille cœleſtis nunquam ceſſat, donec <lb></lb>aliquid generauerit, & quod generat, iuxta <lb></lb>ſui potentiam, & magnitudinem generat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001468">Vnde in Ægypto cùm magnus ſit, anima<lb></lb>lia etiam perfecta generat, vt lepores, & ca<lb></lb>preolos, abſque ſemine vllo Seminum au<lb></lb>tem calores à coloribus putredinum diffe<lb></lb>runt, quia materiam magis paratam habent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001469">Ideò in ſeminis propagatione minùs fit fœ<lb></lb>toris, quia minùs inutilis partis continetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001470">Attamen dùm ex ſemine animalia generan<lb></lb>tur, putredo magna fit, quam menſes indi<lb></lb>cant, qui à partu fluunt fœtidi atque corru<lb></lb>pti. </s> <s id="s.001471">Verùm calor, qui non generat, humido <lb></lb>caret proprio, ſed vel nimis mouetur, vel fa<lb></lb>tiſcit, quia pingue humidum non eſt. </s> <s id="s.001472">Princi<lb></lb>pia enim generationis calor cœleſtis, & ele<lb></lb>mentorum humidum: ob hoc neque in gla<lb></lb>cie, quoniam nullus calor, neque in arena <lb></lb>quicquam generatur, quia humido omni ca<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.001473">Altera enim harum qualitatum agens, <lb></lb>altera patiens eſt: nam nulla alia qualitas (vt <lb></lb>dixi) inuenitur, ſed humidi priuatio ſiccitas, <pb pagenum="389" xlink:href="016/01/038.jpg"></pb>velut caloris frigus. </s> <s id="s.001474">Sed dices: Si anima ſo<lb></lb>lum eſt calor cœleſtis, non erit ſubſtantia, <lb></lb>ſed accidens. </s> <s id="s.001475">Et ſi ſolum lumen, corruptibilis <lb></lb>eſt enim lumen, quia lux, & ſublata luce, <lb></lb>lumen & corrumpitur: quare nec genera<lb></lb>bit. </s> <s id="s.001476">nec genita ſeruabit. </s> <s id="s.001477">Et ſi calor ille cor<lb></lb>pus eſt, erit in corpore corpus, quod eſſe non <lb></lb>poſſe ſuperiùs demonſtratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001478">Et ſi abſ<lb></lb>que corpore atque ſubſtantia, erit in corpore <lb></lb>incorporea ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.001479">Talibus difficultati<lb></lb>bus premi videntur, qui calorem hunc ani<lb></lb>mam eſſe contendunt. </s> <s id="s.001480">Sed calor hic, de quo <lb></lb>agitur, corpus non eſt, neque impreſſio quæ<lb></lb>dam: ob id neque accidens, nec corpus pe<lb></lb>netrabile à corpore: ſed corporeus dicitur, <lb></lb>quia ſine corpore eſſe non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001481">Manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt igitur, quod à principio propoſue<lb></lb>ramus, quinque vbique eſſe principia, ma<lb></lb>teriam, formam, motum, locum, & ani<lb></lb>mam. </s> <s id="s.001482">Sed anima forma eſt quædam, non au<lb></lb>tem quæ primò cum hyle iungitur. </s> <s id="s.001483">Forma <lb></lb>igitur eſt anima, ſed non eiuſdem generis: <lb></lb>quatuor enim eſſent principia. </s> <s id="s.001484">Forma etiam <lb></lb>altera fit, reliqua perficitur. </s> <s id="s.001485">Omnis igitur <lb></lb>anima eodem modo perennis eſt, nec vt Pla<lb></lb>to ait, perfectorum animalium tantùm: <lb></lb>eſſet enim ac ſi diceremus, quòd hominum <lb></lb>cæcorum, aut mutorum aliæ ſint animæ, <lb></lb>quàm perfectorum hominum. </s> <s id="s.001486">Conſentiunt <lb></lb>autem hæc dictis in libro de Animi immor<lb></lb>talitate, & demonſtrata ſunt in libris de <lb></lb>Æternitatis arcanis. </s> <s id="s.001487">Nunc verò eouſque <lb></lb>declaraſſe ſufficiat, quoniam calores iſti <lb></lb>eiuſdem ſunt generis; & animæ: differunt <lb></lb>autem vt contraria. </s> <s id="s.001488">Nec ſolùm quæ ſine <lb></lb>ſemine generantur, his quæ cum ſemine, <lb></lb>ſed & ſemine genita inuicem contraria ſunt, <lb></lb>vt bobus & hominibus viperæ, ſcorpij, <lb></lb>araneæ: nam dentibus, & aculeo, & forci<lb></lb>pe ſi ſauciauerint hominem, corpus illius <lb></lb>putrefaciunt atque corrumpunt, nonnun<lb></lb>quam etiam occidentes. </s> <s id="s.001489">Quum igitur terra, <lb></lb>& aqua parum concocta ſunt, prouenit ge<lb></lb>neratio animalium viliorum, vt vermium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001490">Si autem miſtio vehemens fuerit, & calor <lb></lb>potens ſeu multus, temperatus tamen, ge<lb></lb>nerabuntur ſtirpes, aut animalia perfectio<lb></lb>ra, præſertim autem adiuuante alieno ſemi<lb></lb>ne, aut ex aliorum cadaueribus ac corpori<lb></lb>bus: hæc enim magis refracta, & minus ex<lb></lb>cedunt qualitatibus impreſſis, aut proprio <lb></lb>frigore vim generantis caloris, ob id obtem<lb></lb>perat materia melius illi, & fiunt, mures, <lb></lb>ſerpentes, lepores, fibri, lupi fluuiatiles, quos <lb></lb>nemo ſanæ mentis nouis piſcinis ſpontè ad<lb></lb>dat, & tamen breui coaleſcunt. </s> <s id="s.001491">Ergo quum <lb></lb>vnus ſit calor, plures ſunt illius modi tùm <lb></lb>ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.001492">Sic quædam nobis conueniunt, alia <lb></lb>autem aduerſantur. </s> <s id="s.001493">Hoc autem contingit, <lb></lb>quia eorum calor, etſi in humido ſit ſitus, <lb></lb>non tamen humido hominis conuenit: nam <lb></lb>ab aliquo obruitur, ab aliquo diſſipatur: ita <lb></lb>verſa vice cogit humidum calor naturalis <lb></lb>exiguus, alius exurit. </s> <s id="s.001494">Vt igitur omnis ig<lb></lb>neus calor exurit, non ita quicunque exurit <lb></lb>humidum aliquod, igneus eſt, ſed illi tantùm <lb></lb>igneus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg148"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001495"><margin.target id="marg145"></margin.target>Elementa <lb></lb>quomodo in <lb></lb>miſta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001496"><margin.target id="marg146"></margin.target>Calor putri<lb></lb>dus quomodo <lb></lb>animalia <lb></lb>generet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001497"><margin.target id="marg147"></margin.target>Anima quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001498"><margin.target id="marg148"></margin.target>Putredo pin<lb></lb>guium</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001499">Non putreſcunt igitur ſicca: putreſcunt <lb></lb>quæ humido aqueo prædita ſunt celerrimè <lb></lb>ac maximè: medio modo quæ pinguia ſunt, <lb></lb>vt laridum, oleum, nuces, amygdalæ, farci<lb></lb>mina. </s> <s id="s.001500">Malè olent, quæ ſic putreſcunt, atta<lb></lb>men eduntur, præſertim à minùs delicati <lb></lb>palati hominibus. </s> <s id="s.001501">Sic etiam ſaliti piſces, <lb></lb>vt nihil magis. </s> <s id="s.001502">Dubitatur autem, quia <lb></lb>magis putreſcere deberent aqueis, quæ ca<lb></lb>loris ſunt expertia: calor autem putrefacit <lb></lb>omnia, vt diximus. </s> <s id="s.001503">Sed cauſa quare non <lb></lb>putreſcunt talia, nec celeriter, nec perfe<lb></lb>ctè, vt caro & ſtans aqua, eſt, quia cùm <lb></lb>putredo à calore contrario naturali fiat, <lb></lb>quæ plurimum caloris innati retinent, vt <lb></lb>pinguia, ſeriùs putreſcunt, dum verò ran<lb></lb>cida fiunt, amara euadunt. </s> <s id="s.001504">Nam calor putre<lb></lb>faciens cùm pingue putreſcat, in amarorem <lb></lb>tranſit, vel ex dulci, vel ex pingui ſapore. </s> <s id="s.001505">In<arrow.to.target n="marg149"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſipida ergo non putreſcunt ſic, ſed ſalſa, pin<lb></lb>guia, amara, acuta: calidorum enim hæc <lb></lb>paſſio eſt, vt diximus. </s> <s id="s.001506">Frigidi autem ſapores <lb></lb>ſunt, auſterus, acidus, acerbus, aſtringens, <lb></lb>atque inſipidus: reliqui autem calidi, vt pin<lb></lb>guis, dulcis, ſalſus, amarus, acutus qui om<lb></lb>nium eſt calidiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.001507">Ob hoc igitur oleum <lb></lb>glandis vnguentariæ, quam Myrobalanum <lb></lb>rectè vocant (non hæc eſt myrobalanus, nec <lb></lb>ei conuenit hoc nomen, cùm odore, ac ſa<lb></lb>pore penè vacet ) quaſi temperatum non <lb></lb>marceſcit. </s> <s id="s.001508">Optimè igitur odores illi ab vn<lb></lb>guentariis excipiuntur. </s> <s id="s.001509">Quia ergo quod ran<lb></lb>cidum euadit, amareſcit, & ſiccatur, idque <lb></lb>vetuſtate contingit: quæ oleo merguntur, <lb></lb>non ranceſcunt, ſicque ſeruantur farcimina, <lb></lb>minúſque in libero aëre, quia non caleſcunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001510">Oleum autem ipſum cùm multùm fuerit, <lb></lb>non corrumpitur: quia ambiens aër eſt cau<lb></lb>ſa corruptionis, multùm autem reſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.001511">Sic <lb></lb>vinum multum, aqua, oleum, atque omnia <lb></lb>quantitate diutiùs ſeruantur. </s> <s id="s.001512">Quoniam verò <lb></lb>omnia vetuſtate exeduntur, quæ putreſcere <lb></lb>perfectè nequeunt, tempore talia fiunt om<lb></lb>nia, vt farcimina, nuces, piſtacia, pineæ, & <lb></lb>quæcunque oleum continent. </s> <s id="s.001513">Nam & piſ<lb></lb>ces ſaliti oleum habent, tùm ratione ſalis, <lb></lb>tùm ratione carnis: atque etiam pinguia (vt <lb></lb>dixi) omnia. </s> <s id="s.001514">Humida verò valdè dum talia <lb></lb>ſunt non putreſcunt ſic, ſed ſi benè pinguia, <lb></lb>ſeruantur: aut ſi minùs, ſitum contrahunt, <lb></lb>alia putreſcunt. </s> <s id="s.001515">Vt verò à calore debili fiunt <lb></lb>hæc tria, ſitus, rancor, & putredo: ita vbi <lb></lb>calor viget, ſeruantur plurimum. </s> <s id="s.001516">Commu<lb></lb>ne eſt autem omni putredinis generi, odor <lb></lb>prauus, in ſitu quidem grauis, in rancore <lb></lb>rancens, in putredine perfecta fœtidus. </s> <s id="s.001517">Sed <lb></lb>in carie (nam & xoc genus quoddam putre<lb></lb>dinis) odor minimus, quia in terreo. </s> <s id="s.001518">Quatuor <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg150"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim eſſe genera putredinis, neque plura, ne<lb></lb>que pauciora, facilè eſt demonſtrare. </s> <s id="s.001519">Quæ <lb></lb>enim putreſcunt, aut integrè corrumpuntur, <lb></lb>& dicuntur putrida: aut non perfectè, & <lb></lb>tunc vel ob frigus non perfectè corrumpun<lb></lb>tur, & vocatur ſitus: aut ob calorem, & voca<lb></lb>tur rancor: vel ob ſiccitatem, & dicitur caries. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001520">Ob humidum autem non poteſt impediri <lb></lb>putredo: ſed humidum cùm ſit putredinis <lb></lb>ſubiectum, aut omninò prohibet <expan abbr="putredinẽ">putredinem</expan>, <lb></lb>aut omninò putreſcit, quod humidum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001521">Humidum enim non ex ſe, ſed vel ob calidi<lb></lb>tatem, vel ob frigiditatem remoratur putre<lb></lb>dinem. </s> <s id="s.001522">Hac de cauſa facilè eſt prohibere <lb></lb>putredinem in ſitu, & vera putredine, amota <pb pagenum="390" xlink:href="016/01/039.jpg"></pb>aquea parte. </s> <s id="s.001523">Hæc autem vel ignibus, vt in <lb></lb>pane: & pinguedine, quæ cocta non putreſ<lb></lb>cit: vel ſi humidum paucum ſit, vt in ſali<lb></lb>ta carne, frigido, & ſicco ſeruatur, qua<lb></lb>lis eſt aër dum mouetur. </s> <s id="s.001524">Nam aër cùm mo<lb></lb>uetur, frigidus eſt, & ſiccus: frigidus qui<lb></lb>dem ob naturam, ſiccus ob motum: motus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg151"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim exciccat. </s> <s id="s.001525">Ob hoc igitur aër immotus <lb></lb>corrumpit, quia humectat, nec tantùm, <lb></lb>quantum neceſſe eſt refrigerat: dum autem <lb></lb>mouetur, conſeruat, exccicans ob motum, <lb></lb>& vehementer refrigerans. </s> <s id="s.001526">Multa ergo cùm <lb></lb>aër exponuntur, corrumpuntur, quæ aliter <lb></lb>incorrupta manebant: alia ſeruantur, quæ <lb></lb>abſque aëris auxilio corrumperentur. </s> <s id="s.001527">Itaque <lb></lb>non ſolùm hæc, ſed alia, quæ inferiùs di<lb></lb>centur, à putredine ſeruantur. </s> <s id="s.001528">A rancore au<lb></lb>tem & carie humida tuentur, & quæ aëris <lb></lb>motum prohibent: nam ab hoc ſiccantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001529">Sed talia cùm ſint immodicè calida, vel ſic<lb></lb>ca, licet à putredine ignis auxilio præſerua<lb></lb>rentur, corrumperentur tamen abſque pu<lb></lb>tredine. </s> <s id="s.001530">De putredinis igitur cauſis ac gene<lb></lb>ribus, & auxiliis ſatis dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001531">Reliquum <lb></lb>eſt igitur vt doceamus, ipſi Sacro liquori, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg152"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>de quo ſuprà diximus, nihil Elixir propin<lb></lb>quius eſſe, quod pater meus conſtruxit. </s> <s id="s.001532">O<lb></lb>dorata pleraque ligna, & herbæ ardente <lb></lb>aqua excipiuntur, & in fimo ſepulta ſemi<lb></lb>putreſcunt, vnde <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dictum eſt ) tenuior <lb></lb>pars à terrea ſeparatur, inde diſtillatione <lb></lb>optimum quicquid eſt fæce ſola relicta de<lb></lb>trahimus. </s> <s id="s.001533">Dentes hoc firmant, & canos <lb></lb>retardat, concoctionem, memoriam, & <lb></lb>ſenſus iuuat, Sacro liquore, tametſi plures <lb></lb>in mediam prouehat ſenectam, longè in<lb></lb>feriùs. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg153"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001534"><margin.target id="marg149"></margin.target>Saporum na<lb></lb>tura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001535"><margin.target id="marg150"></margin.target>Quatuor eſſe <lb></lb>genera pu<lb></lb>trednis de<lb></lb>monſtratur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001536"><margin.target id="marg151"></margin.target>Aer cur cor<lb></lb>rumpat quæ<lb></lb>dam, alia <lb></lb>ſeruet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001537"><margin.target id="marg152"></margin.target>Elixir com<lb></lb>poſitio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001538"><margin.target id="marg153"></margin.target>Putridi, & <lb></lb>ignei caloris <lb></lb>differentia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001539">At dices, ſi putridus calor corrumpit, <lb></lb>cur etiam non igneus, cùm eiuſdem ſit ge<lb></lb>neris? </s> <s id="s.001540">Hoc eſt, quia igneus exterior eſt, <lb></lb>putridus autem intimus: ob hoc igneus cùm <lb></lb>ad ſe trahat, & ſiccando, trahendo ſiccat <lb></lb>interiora, & putredinem prohibet. </s> <s id="s.001541">Putri<lb></lb>dus quamvis ſiccet, cùm intimus ſit, & ad <lb></lb>ſe trahat <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> omnis enim calor ad ſe trahit <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>interiora humectat, & putrefacit. </s> <s id="s.001542">Putridus <lb></lb>igitur cum igneo conuenit, quòd & ipſe ſic<lb></lb>cet, & generet: & cum naturali, quòd in <lb></lb>penetralibus iaceat, & corrumpat. </s> <s id="s.001543">Ob id <lb></lb>putridus calor, medius rectè dictus à qui<lb></lb>buſdam inter igneum, & naturalem. </s> <s id="s.001544">Nam <lb></lb>ſubſtantia ſimilis eſt igneo, ſitu in compa<lb></lb>ratione ad alimentum naturali: nam ſemper <lb></lb>igneus extra alimentum poſitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001545">Sed di<lb></lb>ces, cur putridus calor veneni auctor eſt, <arrow.to.target n="marg154"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igneus omnibus reſiſtit venenis<emph type="italics"></emph>?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Nam vul<lb></lb>nera ex venenatis animalibus profecta, ſi <expan abbr="cã-denti">can<lb></lb>denti</expan> ferro vrantur, expertia fiunt: & me<lb></lb>dicamenta quælibet cùm vruntur, & in ci<lb></lb>nerem rediguntur, venenum eſſe deſinunt: <lb></lb>ſublimata autem ( ſic enim nunc quæ anti<lb></lb>quo tempore cocta vocabantur ) vt ſæpiùs <lb></lb>cocta fuerint, eò fiunt pernicioſiora, & ma<lb></lb>gis præſentanea ad mortem. </s> <s id="s.001546">Ratio eadem <lb></lb>eſt in putredine, & his quæ ſublimantur: <lb></lb>nam vbi calor augetur, & humidum non <lb></lb>finitur, vt in his, quæ coquuntur, aut pu<lb></lb>treſcunt, veneni vis exacerbatur: vbi verò <lb></lb>vruntur, quum omnis humida pars pereat, <lb></lb>& ſimul finiatur caliditas, vt in cinere, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, & veneni vim totam abſcedere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001547">Non abſurdè igitur quidam argento viuo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg155"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſublimato peſtem curabat, nam vi ignea <lb></lb>omne venenum finitur. </s> <s id="s.001548">Sic apud Auſonium <lb></lb>rectè: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Toxica zelotypo dedit vxor mœcha marito, <lb></lb>Nec ſatis ad mortem credidit eſſe <expan abbr="datũ">datum</expan> <lb></lb>Miſcuit argenti lethalia pondera viui, <lb></lb>Cogeret vt celerem vis geminata necem.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001549"><margin.target id="marg154"></margin.target>Ignis omni <lb></lb>veneno reſi<lb></lb>ſtit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001550"><margin.target id="marg155"></margin.target>Peſtis cura <lb></lb>cum argento <lb></lb>ſublimato.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001551">Inde poſt pauca ſubiicit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ergo inter ſeſe, dum noxia pocula certant, <lb></lb>Ceſſit lethalis noxa ſalutiferæ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001552">Nam ( vt dixi ) argentum viuum ſubli<lb></lb>matum, ignis habet rationem. </s> <s id="s.001553">Verunta<lb></lb>men qui peſtem ſic curabat, plures medica<lb></lb>mento occidebat, quàm ſanaret. </s> <s id="s.001554">Si igitur <lb></lb>innoxium, & igneum medicamentum pa<lb></lb>retur, curare poterit. </s> <s id="s.001555">Illud tamen quale<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg156"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cunque fuerit, vt etiam calida lintea exte<lb></lb>riùs appoſita, calorem debilitat naturalem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001556">At contraria ratione puellus, aut catulus <lb></lb>pinguis ventriculo applicatus, iuuat mul<lb></lb>tùm concoctionem, & calorem auget natu<lb></lb>ralem, quamvis non ſit idem calor, imò <lb></lb>à catuli calore etiam ſpecie differt. </s> <s id="s.001557">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt igitur naturalem calorem, <lb></lb>cùm non offenditur ab alio naturali ca<lb></lb>lore, motu, vt igneum ab igneo confir<lb></lb>mari. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001558"><margin.target id="marg156"></margin.target><expan abbr="Confirmãtia">Confirmantia</expan> <lb></lb>calorem in<lb></lb>natum ven<lb></lb>triculi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001559">His explicatis ad elementorum hiſtoriam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg157"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>redeamus, quæ tria eſſe docuimus, aërem, <lb></lb>aquam, terram. </s> <s id="s.001560">Nec neceſſe fuit aërem <lb></lb>miſceri in generatione, quoniam calor ad <lb></lb>patiendum minimè aptus eſt: concurrunt <lb></lb>elementa vt materia, ideò terra & aqua ſuf<lb></lb>ficiebant. </s> <s id="s.001561">Sed nec vt calefacerent, quando<lb></lb>quidem alius calor fuit neceſſarius origine <lb></lb>cœleſtis, & ille etiam operi ſufficiebat, cum <lb></lb>duobus caloribus, veluti duobus principi<lb></lb>bus deteriùs res proceſſura fuiſſet, nec ele<lb></lb>menta frigida alieno calori, elementique <lb></lb>contrarij paruiſſent. </s> <s id="s.001562">Quinimò pugna quæ<lb></lb>dam hæc fuiſſet, non generatio. </s> <s id="s.001563">Admirabi<lb></lb>tur forſan aliquis, quòd in contradicen<lb></lb>tium libris aliter ſenſerim. </s> <s id="s.001564">Sed vbi opinio<lb></lb>nes antiquorum ſequi propoſitum fuit, hîc <lb></lb>verò docere veritatem. </s> <s id="s.001565">Cuius igitur cauſa <lb></lb>elementum aëris factum eſt? </s> <s id="s.001566">Vt ſubiicere<lb></lb>tur radiis ſiderum, illorúmque vires excipe<lb></lb>ret: adeò excipit, vt in repentinis mutatio<lb></lb>nibus non ſolùm animalia, ſed etiam plan<lb></lb>tas occidat, velut hoc anno M. D. XLIX. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg158"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>triduò citrangula omnia Liguriæ ſiccauit, <lb></lb>prodigio non leui. </s> <s id="s.001567">Cauſa eſt, quòd calori ſu<lb></lb>perueniens corpora tàm plantarum, quàm <lb></lb>animalium aperta offendit, & calorem, qui <lb></lb>intùs eſt, extinguit: non ita diuturnum <lb></lb>frigus, quod ſenſim obrepit, licet maius <lb></lb>longè fuerit. </s> <s id="s.001568">Hoc verò contingere non poſ<lb></lb>ſet, ſi ( vt ferunt) ſpontè eſſet calidiſſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001569">Ob id verò & perſpicuus factus eſt, & fri<lb></lb>gidiſſimus, vt animalibus eſſet ſalubris, & <lb></lb>commodus, non vt nugantur, calidiſſimus <lb></lb>& humidiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.001570">Quod verò ad confirmatio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg159"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nem huius ſententiæ eſt, arduámque diſſol<lb></lb>uit quæſtionem, eſt, quòd exhalantes toto <lb></lb>ore aërem excalefaciunt: quòd ſi conſtrictis <lb></lb>labiis exſufflent, infrigidant. </s> <s id="s.001571">Cauſam enim <lb></lb>hanc non aliam eſſe conſpicuum eſt, quàm <lb></lb>quòd cùm ſpontè ſit frigidus, cum impetu <pb pagenum="391" xlink:href="016/01/040.jpg"></pb>delatus, poſt ſe cogitur calidos vapores re<lb></lb>linquere: & ipſe etiam ſolus vi impetus in<lb></lb>greditur cutis oſcula: atque ob hæc duo im<lb></lb>pensè refrigerat, quorum neutrum accidit, ſi <lb></lb>toto ore exſuffles, ac lentè. </s> <s id="s.001572">Quòd ſi vel cele<lb></lb>riter patenti ore, vel conſtricto, ac propè ad<lb></lb>mota manu, excalefacies quidem parùm, <lb></lb>aut vix refrigerabis. </s> <s id="s.001573">Excalefacit etiam ſpiri<lb></lb>tus qualiſcunque, etiam ſi vi impellatur, <expan abbr="cõ-cluſam">con<lb></lb>cluſam</expan> manum: quia vapor calidus eſt, nec <lb></lb>poteſt exhalare. </s> <s id="s.001574">Calidus quidem vapor, quia <lb></lb>ab ore erit, non poteſt exhalare manu con<lb></lb>cluſa: ſed motu in patenti loco refrigeratur, <lb></lb>& ad propriam redit naturam. </s> <s id="s.001575">Aër enim qui <lb></lb>auſtralibus ventis ad nos defertur, tametſi <lb></lb>calidus ſit, ob vapores eſt talis: vnde in iu<lb></lb>gis montium ſemper refrigerat. </s> <s id="s.001576">Indicio ſunt <lb></lb>grandines, quæ & media æſtate, & ab au<lb></lb>ſtro, & non altiùs montium cacuminibus de<lb></lb>cidunt. </s> <s id="s.001577">Grando enim frigidiſſima eſt. </s> <s id="s.001578">Sed vt <lb></lb>ſeruaretur aër, atque peregrinam omnem <lb></lb>qualitatem exueret, perpetuò moueri neceſ<lb></lb>ſe fuit. </s> <s id="s.001579">Indicio eſt autem aërem ſemper mo<lb></lb>ueri, quòd in anguſtis locis aura ſemper ſpi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg160"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rat. </s> <s id="s.001580">Cùm enim altiùs ſemper moueatur, at<lb></lb>que aſſiduè agitetur, inferiùs hic leuiter ſem<lb></lb>per flat: qui cùm è rima exitum habuerit, <lb></lb>coacto toto impetu propter loci anguſtiam <lb></lb>vehementer imprimit, exemplo aquarum in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg161"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fluminibus magnis, quæ cùm vix fluere vi<lb></lb>deantur, per anguſta loca, aut vocatas con<lb></lb>chas deductæ, conatu magno ac ſtrepitu, <lb></lb>tùm fragore immenſo coguntur erumpere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001581">Motus enim, & cætera, quæ ſubſtantiis con<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg162"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tinuis adueniunt, in vnum cogunt: vbi etiam <lb></lb>ampla moles in exiguam aliquam partem <lb></lb>concluditur. </s> <s id="s.001582">Inde ex hoc crypto porticus fri<lb></lb>gidiſſimas conſtruere docemur, plures atque <lb></lb>anguſtas receſſus in illas dirigendo. </s> <s id="s.001583">Et in <lb></lb>Ægypto aër nimio æſtu ferueat, excogitata <lb></lb>ratio turrium altiſſimarum, in quibus anfra<lb></lb>ctus anguſtiores è ſummo vertice obliqui <lb></lb>aërem deducunt frigidiſſimum: quia à locis <lb></lb>exceptus purioribus frigidior eſt, & ob ſpa<lb></lb>tij longitudinem fertur magno impetu, at<lb></lb>que ideò frigidiſſimus euadit, & vehemen<lb></lb>tiùs imprimit. </s> <s id="s.001584">Externus verò calor à muri <lb></lb>craſſitudine arcetur. </s> <s id="s.001585">Et loci obliquitas ra<lb></lb>dios ſolis impedit, admiſſa luce, ne ingre<lb></lb>diantur. </s> <s id="s.001586">His quatuor conſiliis in calidiſſima <lb></lb>quacunque regione amœniſſimos receptus <lb></lb>atque ſaluberrimos fabricare licet: ſunt <lb></lb>enim ſalubres, quia perflati. </s> <s id="s.001587">At dices: Vide<lb></lb>mus in turrium cacuminibus poſitis flabel<lb></lb>lis ex tenuiſſimis, leuiſſimiſque laminis me<lb></lb>tallicis volubilibus, ventos ſolùm eas moue<lb></lb>re, aliter autem quieſcunt: non igitur ſem<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg163"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>per aër mouetur. </s> <s id="s.001588">Cùm enim ſcire cupimus <lb></lb>vnde ſpirent venti, flabelli aciem ad quam <lb></lb>partem reſpiciat atque confideat inſpici<lb></lb>mus, ventumque ex aduerſa regione flare <lb></lb>cognoſcimus. </s> <s id="s.001589">Quòd ſi in pluribus locis acies <lb></lb>conſideat flabelli, totidem flant venti ex ad<lb></lb>uerſis regionibus quot fuerint loci, in qui<lb></lb>bus conſiderint: vt ſi ad Boream reſpiciat <lb></lb>flabellum, ex auſtro ventus flat: ſi ad Orien<lb></lb>tem, ex Occidente: ſi modò ad Boream, mò<lb></lb>dò ad Orientem, vterque ventus ſpirat. </s> <s id="s.001590">Ea<lb></lb>demque ratio, & in aliis, & in pluribus ob<lb></lb>ſeruanda. </s> <s id="s.001591">Vnde Tritonem illum Vitruuia<lb></lb>num collocare docemur. </s> <s id="s.001592">Verùm cùm venti <lb></lb>non ſpirant, aër ad partem vnam leuiter <lb></lb>tendit, inclinaturque eò perpetuò flabel<lb></lb>lum: ob id non agitatur, & tamen ſemper <lb></lb>ſpirat. </s> <s id="s.001593">Eſt autem cùm <foreign lang="grc">γαλήνη</foreign> viget, aëris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg164"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>motus ex Oriente, tendunt enim flabella ad <lb></lb>Occidentem: atque hic motus naturalis eſt <lb></lb>aëris. </s> <s id="s.001594">Aër igitur frigidiſſimus eſt, ac ſemper <lb></lb>mouetur. </s> <s id="s.001595">Factus eſt etiam natura tenuiſſi<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.001596">Ergo aër tenuiſſimus eſt etiam, vt ictus <lb></lb>omnes exciperet. </s> <s id="s.001597">Nam in terra ob ſolidita<lb></lb>tem motus non fiunt, niſi obſcuri: in aqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg165"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verò etiam lenti: ſolus aër ictibus excipien<lb></lb>dis aptiſſimus, & ob ipſam tenuitatem eſſe <lb></lb>videtur. </s> <s id="s.001598">Sunt autem motus ſimplices alij <lb></lb>præter tres ſuperiùs dictos, quatuor. </s> <s id="s.001599">Cœle<lb></lb>ſtis, qui maximè eſt naturalis & alius rurſus <lb></lb>naturalis, qui à quadam obedientia rerum <lb></lb>fit, vt aquæ ob Lunam, & ferri ad Hercu<lb></lb>leum lapidem: & voluntarius, qui animali<lb></lb>bus conuenit: quartus ex his eſt violentus, <lb></lb>de quo nunc ſermonem habere propoſitum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg166"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt: nam de aliis ſuo loco dicemus. </s> <s id="s.001600">Vniuerſi <lb></lb>igitur motus ſimplices ſeptem ſunt, compo<lb></lb>ſiti verò ex his fiunt. </s> <s id="s.001601">Itaque cùm hæc pro<lb></lb>poſitio à Philoſopho accepta eſſet, quòd ni<lb></lb>hil mouetur abſque motore, & quòd illud, <lb></lb>quod mouetur motu violento, non habet <lb></lb>principium in ſe: quia motus eius eſt purè <lb></lb>violentus, quare principium eſt extrà, ſequi<lb></lb>tur vt violenter mota ab aliquo extra mo<lb></lb>tam rem moueantur. </s> <s id="s.001602">Hoc autem non po<lb></lb>teſt eſſe niſi aër, igitur mota violenter ab <lb></lb>aëre mouentur. </s> <s id="s.001603">Et quia cadebat dubitatio <lb></lb>eadem in aëre, propter vnam propoſitionem, <lb></lb>quæ eſt vera: quod omne corpus mouens <lb></lb>mouetur, & ideò ſi aër mouet lapidem pro<lb></lb>iectum, mouetur: igitur ab aliquo mouetur <lb></lb>aër: & ideò hæremus ſicut de lapide. </s> <s id="s.001604">Dicunt <lb></lb>quòd aër cùm ſit leuis, à ſua forma mouetur: <lb></lb>& ideò iuxta hanc ſententiam quatuor ortæ <lb></lb>ſunt opiniones, quas nullus expoſitorum in<lb></lb>tellexit, & maximè Ariſtotelis ( quem adeò <lb></lb>iactant ) opinionem. </s> <s id="s.001605">Prima igitur eſt, quòd <lb></lb>motum, vtpote lapis A, moueatur vi acqui<lb></lb>ſita à proiiciente: ſicut cùm calefactum ab <lb></lb>igne, calefacit poſtmodum caliditate acqui<lb></lb>ſita alia, & ipſum calidum diu manet: ita <lb></lb>motum recipit vim illam à mouente, per <lb></lb>quam fertur, donec quieſcat. </s> <s id="s.001606">Senſibilis eſt <lb></lb>hęc opinio, quæ Antiquorum eſt argumento <lb></lb>ab Ariſtotele adducto reiecta. </s> <s id="s.001607">Sed & quòd <lb></lb>ab aëre moueatur inditio eſſe poteſt, quòd <lb></lb>non tangens fulmen, arbores tamen etiam <lb></lb>proſternit. </s> <s id="s.001608">Secunda Platonis fuit, quòd O <lb></lb>motum, gratia exempli, à mouente tranſ<lb></lb>fertur vſque ad B: inde cum relinquitur à <lb></lb>mouente, aër interim qui erat in loco mobi<lb></lb>lis, id eſt, in A, implet locum inter A & B, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg167"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ita tangit A mobile cum motu, & hoc modo <lb></lb>ſemper implet locum, quem A mobile deſe<lb></lb>rit, cum eo impetu cum quo Aiam mouetur: <lb></lb>hoc enim neceſſe eſt ob raritatis motum, ſeu <lb></lb>ne detur vacuum. </s> <s id="s.001609">Sic igitur Plato poteſt ar<lb></lb>gumentari: Moto à quocunque impetu aër <lb></lb>ſubſequitur, eodem impotu implendo lo<lb></lb>cum, & tangit A motum, igitur mouebit A <lb></lb>ipſe aër eodem impetu, quo priùs motum <lb></lb>continuum faciendo: vocatque hunc modum <lb></lb>antiperiſtaſin, id eſt, locorum ſucceſſione <pb pagenum="392" xlink:href="016/01/041.jpg"></pb>permutationem. </s> <s id="s.001610">Ariſtoteles dicit, quòd hoc <lb></lb>modo motus non fit: quia etſi antiperiſtaſis <lb></lb>fiat, non tamen per illam mobile impelli <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001611">Ratio ſua ſic ſe habet: quæ antipe<lb></lb>riſtaſi mouent, etiam mouentur: igitur, dum <lb></lb>non mouentur, non mouent: ſed quando <lb></lb>aer in A fuerit in B, tunc à nullo mouetur, <lb></lb>poſſedit enim locum, quem occupare debue<lb></lb>rat: igitur non poteſt mouere A, dum eſt in <lb></lb>B, è loco ſuo. </s> <s id="s.001612">Patet, quia corpus non mouet <lb></lb>corpus, niſi cùm ipſum mouens mouetur. </s> <s id="s.001613">Et <lb></lb>hæc demonſtratio non fuit intellecta ab ex<lb></lb>poſitoribus, & tamen oſtendit clarè opinio<lb></lb>nem Platonis falſam eſſe. </s> <s id="s.001614">Tertia fuit quo<lb></lb>rundam antiquorum, quòd aër antecedens <lb></lb>ante mobile, puta in C, dum mobile eſt in <lb></lb>B, moueatur verſus D, & ſucceſſione ne va<lb></lb>cuum detur, transferatur B in C ad locum <lb></lb>aëris moti: & ita idem aër mouetur ex D <lb></lb>in E, & mobile ſequatur eodem impetu: ſicut <lb></lb>ſi bos habeat locum ſeu vicem ſubeat aeris <lb></lb>antecedentis, & currus ponderis ſeu mobi<lb></lb>lis, & vinculum, quo bos trahit currum, eſt <lb></lb>raritas, vel vacui neceſſitas: & ſic quantum<lb></lb>cunque mouebitur bos, & quantacunque <lb></lb>velocitate, eadem & tantùm mouebitur cur<lb></lb>rus, & ita quantumcunque, & qualicunque <lb></lb>velocitate aër ante mobile A mouebitur, ea<lb></lb>dem ſubſequetur A mobile, & ita fiet motus <lb></lb>continuus. </s> <s id="s.001615">Et hæc fuit opinio quorundam <lb></lb>antiquorum, quam quidam falsò Philoſophi <lb></lb>eſſe crediderunt, quum tamen ab ipſo relin<lb></lb>quatur, eadem ratione aduerſus eam, quæ <lb></lb>contra primam opinionem adducta eſt mili<lb></lb>tante, ſcilicet, quòd ſi C aër transfertur in <lb></lb>D, quæritur à quo? </s> <s id="s.001616">ſi à mobili, igitur ſe mo<lb></lb>uebunt viciſſim, quod eſt impoſſibile, nam <lb></lb>mobile propelleret aerem ex C in D: & iam <lb></lb>ſupponitur, quòd aër tranſlatus ex C in D, <lb></lb>trahat mobile ex C in D, igitur idem erit <lb></lb>cauſa, & effectus comparatum ad idem. </s> <s id="s.001617">Si <lb></lb>dicas, quòd aër transfert ſeipſum, dicit, cur <lb></lb>igitur etiam mobile hoc non poteſt facere? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001618">& redit prima opinio. </s> <s id="s.001619">Si dicas, quòd aër, <lb></lb>quia habet principium motus, hoc poteſt <lb></lb>facere, ſequitur, quòd iſte motus erit perpe<lb></lb>tuus, quia aër ille ſemper manebit idem, & <lb></lb>mouetur à forma ſua, igitur ſemper æquali <lb></lb>velocitate. </s> <s id="s.001620">Horum autem vtrunque experi<lb></lb>mento repugnat: nam ſic lapis proiectus <lb></lb>manu tranſiret per totum orbem, & æquali <lb></lb>impetu: patet, quia ſuus aër præcedens æ<lb></lb>quali impetu ſemper moueretur, & non poſ<lb></lb>ſet oſtendere quiſquam rationem cur impe<lb></lb>tus ille remitti debeat. </s> <s id="s.001621">Quarta opinio eſt <lb></lb>Ariſtotelis, quòd aër, qui eſt in B, motus ab <lb></lb>eo, qui lapidem iacit, ante mobile mouetur, <lb></lb>& propellit eum, qui eſt in C: & ille, qui <lb></lb>eſt in C, eum, qui eſt in D, & ille qui eſt in <lb></lb>D, eum qui eſt in E, & ita donec perueniat <lb></lb>ad G, qui non poſſit mouere H, eò quòd eſt <lb></lb>nimis debilis, & tunc quum H non mouea<lb></lb>tur, non trahet pondus, & ſic quieſcet in G. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001622">Dicit igitur hoc modo: motus violentus fit <lb></lb>debilior, quia F mouetur ab E, igitur minore <lb></lb>impetu, quàm E, & E quàm D, & ita ſemper <lb></lb>violentus motus debilitatur, vt apparet <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>experimento. </s> <s id="s.001623">Hîc etiam non eſt motus ſine <lb></lb>motus ſine motore, quia quælibet pars mo<lb></lb>uetur à ſua præcedente, vt F, & E ab ipſo <lb></lb>D.Tertiò patet ratio dicti, quòd priùs ceſſat <lb></lb>quælibet pars aëris moueri, quam mouere: <lb></lb>nam cùm D mouetur à C, mouet E, quia <lb></lb>mouetur à C: igitur dum quieſcit iam D in <lb></lb>E, mouet D ipſum E ex loco ſuo, igitur <lb></lb>ceſſat priùs moueri, quàm mouere, quia D <lb></lb>ceſſat moueri dum D eſt in B, nam tunc C <lb></lb>eſt in D, quod mouebat D: igitur cùm C eſt <lb></lb>in D, D quieſcit in E, & tunc C mouetur <lb></lb>ad F, & non mouetur, niſi ab aliquo, & il<lb></lb>lud eſt D, igitur D priùs deſinit moueri, <lb></lb>quàm mouere: quia dum eſt D in C, non <lb></lb>mouetur, ſed quieſcit, & tamen mouet E <lb></lb>verſus F. </s> <s id="s.001624">Et ſi opponas, quòd corpus non <lb></lb>mouet, niſi moueatur, dico quòd eſt verum, <lb></lb>ſed tamen finis motus primi, id eſt, mouen<lb></lb>tis, eſt coniunctus fini motus ſecundi, non <lb></lb>idem: ſed priùs ceſſat motor à motu, quàm <lb></lb>id quod mouetur, & hoc eſt, quia ſaltem <lb></lb>natura motor priùs mouetur, quàm moueat: <lb></lb>ideò patet quartum, quòd motus rei, quæ <lb></lb>proijcitur, componitur ex infinitis motibus <lb></lb>ſibi inuicem ſuccedentibus, & eſt continuus <lb></lb>per accidens: fit enim tranſlato aëre B in C, & <lb></lb>aëre C interim in D, & eo qui erat in D <lb></lb>in E, & ita de aliis. </s> <s id="s.001625">Et ideò talis motus eſt <lb></lb>etiam velox, quia fines adeò vnius, initiis <lb></lb>alterius iunguntur, quod videtur vt debeant <lb></lb>ſimul transferri, & non eſt ita. </s> <s id="s.001626">Sed finga<lb></lb>mus decem boues vnum ante alium, & om<lb></lb>nes ante currum, & quilibet habeat ſtimu<lb></lb>lum in fronte, quo tangat alium bouem in <lb></lb>crure poſteriore, tunc moto primo currus <lb></lb>ſuccedet, & ille idem mouebit ſecundum, & <lb></lb><expan abbr="ſecũdus">ſecundus</expan> tertium, & ſemper vides, quòd qui<lb></lb>libet bos priùs mouetur ab altero, quàm mo<lb></lb>ueat, & tamen vltimus ſimul fermè cum <lb></lb>primo mouebitur: & hoc eſt, quia talis ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſio ſolùm componitur ex decem partibus, <lb></lb>ſunt enim decem boues tantùm: ſed aëris <lb></lb>ſucceſſio ex in finitis partibus componitur, <lb></lb>ideò refert tempus ſenſibile ab initio motus <lb></lb>lapidis vſque ad finem. </s> <s id="s.001627">Sed ad infinitum tol<lb></lb>lendum iuuat condenſatio aëris, vt rectè di<lb></lb>cebat Auerroës: & ipſa eſt cauſa, vt celerius <lb></lb>eſſet motus, & vt non ſit neceſſarium pone<lb></lb>re motus infinitos, ſed ſolum innumerabiles. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001628">Et hæc eſt opinio Ariſtotelis, à nullis vſque <lb></lb>ad hanc diem intellecta, de motu rerum, quæ <lb></lb>violenter mouentur. </s> <s id="s.001629">Sed nos magis indige<lb></lb>mus prima, quæ eſt ſimpliciſſima, & etiam <lb></lb>non tantas difficultates patitur: & cum ſup<lb></lb>ponitur, quòd omne quod mouetur, ab ali<lb></lb>quo mouetur veriſſimum eſt: ſed illud quod <lb></lb>mouet, eſt impetus acquiſitus, ſicut calor <lb></lb>in aqua, qui eſt ibi præter naturam ab igne <lb></lb>inductus, & tamen igne ſublato, manum <lb></lb>tangentis exurit, & ideò etiam accidens vio<lb></lb>lens adhærens vim ſuam retinet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001630"><margin.target id="marg157"></margin.target>Aer cur fa<lb></lb>ctus ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001631"><margin.target id="marg158"></margin.target>Aer infrigi<lb></lb>datus <expan abbr="repẽtè">repentè</expan> <lb></lb>cur tantum <lb></lb>noxæ afferat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001632"><margin.target id="marg159"></margin.target>Cur <expan abbr="ẽxſuf-flando">exſuf<lb></lb>flando</expan> aper<lb></lb>tis labiis ca<lb></lb>lefaciamus, <lb></lb>conſtrictis <lb></lb>infrigida. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001633">mus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001634"><margin.target id="marg160"></margin.target>Aer ſemper <lb></lb>mouetur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001635"><margin.target id="marg161"></margin.target>Cur in an<lb></lb>guſtis locis <lb></lb>ſemper au<lb></lb>ram ſentia<lb></lb>mus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001636"><margin.target id="marg162"></margin.target>Cryptæ fri<lb></lb>gidiores <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001637"><margin.target id="marg163"></margin.target>Ventorum <lb></lb>dignatio vn<lb></lb>do ſpiret.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001638"><margin.target id="marg164"></margin.target>Aër quò fe<lb></lb>ratur motu <lb></lb>naturali.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001639"><margin.target id="marg165"></margin.target>Motus ſim<lb></lb>plices ſep<lb></lb>tem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001640"><margin.target id="marg166"></margin.target>De motu <lb></lb>violento <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001641"><margin.target id="marg167"></margin.target><lb></lb>4. Phy. </s> <s id="s.001642">68 & <lb></lb>8. <lb></lb>Phy.82. <lb></lb> O A <lb></lb> . B <lb></lb> . C <lb></lb> . D <lb></lb> . E <lb></lb> . F <lb></lb> O G. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001643">Dicamus igitur primò ea, quæ ſunt ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg168"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nifeſta, & ſunt, quòd quatuor ſunt cauſæ <lb></lb>motus violenti, diuturni & celeris. </s> <s id="s.001644">Prima <lb></lb>eſt, quòd cauſa mouens celeriter ab initio <lb></lb>moueat. </s> <s id="s.001645">Secunda, quòd per magnum ſpa<lb></lb>tium? </s> <s id="s.001646">ideò machinæ bellicæ, quò longio<lb></lb>res, eò procul magis eiaculantur: & ita ar<lb></lb>cus, quò magis tenditur ob ambas cauſas, <lb></lb>eò longiùs emittit ſagittam. </s> <s id="s.001647">Nam ſi tenda<lb></lb>tur ad B vſque, mouebitur cum chorda <lb></lb>ſolùm ſagitta ex B in D: & ſi tendatur <pb pagenum="393" xlink:href="016/01/042.jpg"></pb>vſque ad C, mouebitur ex C in D: igitur <lb></lb>ſi tendatur vſque ad C, procul magis emit<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.042.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/042/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tetur iuxta proportionem CD ad BD. </s> <s id="s.001648">Item <lb></lb>chorda tracta vſque ad C, maiore impetu <lb></lb>redibit ad D, quàm ex B in D. </s> <s id="s.001649">Igitur cele<lb></lb>riùs mouebitur ſagitta à chorda, quare etiam <lb></lb>poſtquàm emiſſa fuerit. </s> <s id="s.001650">Nec oportet adii<lb></lb>cere, vt valida ſit virtus, quæ mouet, nam <lb></lb>nobis ſufficit vt celeriter moueat: quòd ſi <lb></lb>celeriter mouere poteſt, valida eſt cauſa, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg169"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ mouet. </s> <s id="s.001651">Nam & ſi valida eſſet cauſa, <lb></lb>moueret tamen lentè, quod poſſet procul <lb></lb>emittere. </s> <s id="s.001652">Nihil enim lentè, & procul ali<lb></lb>quid mouere poteſt: nam quod lentè moue<lb></lb>tur, multum temporis conſumit in motu: in <lb></lb>quo etiam maximam vim, quum contra na<lb></lb>turam nitatur, debilitari neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.001653">Tertia <lb></lb>cauſa eſt raritas medij per quod mouetur: <lb></lb>nam in aëre velociter, in aqua lentè, in ter<lb></lb>ra vix eſt impellere quicquam. </s> <s id="s.001654">Atque ob id, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg170"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui naues hoſtium machinis petunt, ma<lb></lb>ximè cauent, ne ictus fiat in parte nauis, <lb></lb>quæ ſub aqua iacet, quamvis pernicioſior <lb></lb>eſſet: ſed quia ſphæræ ictus occurſu aquæ <lb></lb>debilitatur, malunt nauim ſupra aquam fe<lb></lb>rire, ſed tamen humiliore quàm poſſunt par<lb></lb>te. </s> <s id="s.001655">Quarta cauſa celeris & diuturni ictus <lb></lb>eſt acuitas teli, quæ minorem quantitatem <lb></lb>aëris obuiam habens, minùs impeditur. </s> <s id="s.001656">Vn<lb></lb>de videtur, quòd prima opinio verior ſit, <lb></lb>quàm illa, quæ eſt Ariſtotelis de cauſa mo<lb></lb>tus violenti. </s> <s id="s.001657">Nam non tam manifeſtè appa<lb></lb>ret, cur violenter mota, vt acutiora ſunt, eò <lb></lb>celeriùs & longiore ſpatio ferantur. </s> <s id="s.001658">Si qua <lb></lb>etiam proxima ſint chordæ, non tamen tan<lb></lb>gant eam, quamvis aër moueatur, nihilo ſe<lb></lb>cius quàm ille, qui ſagittam antecedit: non <lb></lb>tamen mouetur res illa proxima, nedum vt <lb></lb>per longum ſpatium feratur. </s> <s id="s.001659">Prætereà aër <lb></lb>cùm mollis ſit, nec adeò vehementer mo<lb></lb>ueri poteſt, nec in vnum cogi, quare nec <lb></lb>ſphærulam ferream mouere. </s> <s id="s.001660">Neque in aqua <lb></lb>minùs mouebitur id, quod vi impellitur, <lb></lb>quam in aëre, cùm tamen non ſolum len<lb></lb>tius, ſed longè lentiùs in aqua, quàm aëre <lb></lb>moueatur. </s> <s id="s.001661">Et in aëre etiam ipſo grauia non <lb></lb>lentius ferri debent leuibus, ſi vacui ratione <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg171"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſubſequantur. </s> <s id="s.001662">Sed rationes hæ non oſten<lb></lb>dunt, quoniam acuta celerius ob id ferun<lb></lb>tur, quòd maiore impetu primus aër moue<lb></lb>tur, à quo partes reliquæ iuxta eandem cau<lb></lb>ſam impelluntur. </s> <s id="s.001663">Fit ob id telum, quod pro<lb></lb>iectum ſemper infigitur. </s> <s id="s.001664">Cuſpis A, alæ qua<lb></lb>tuor magnæ ac tenues ad rectos angulos po<lb></lb>ſitæ haſta BA. </s> <s id="s.001665">Cùm igitur telum fertur, <lb></lb>non poteſt inclinari, quia alarum aliqua, vel <lb></lb>plures aëri occurret ex aduerſo: rectà igitur <lb></lb>cùm feratur BA telum neceſſariò infigetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001666">Quòd ſi vis deficiat, adhuc rectè cadet, & fi<lb></lb>getur. </s> <s id="s.001667">Atque eadem fuit in ſagittis cauſa <lb></lb>inuentionis alarum. </s> <s id="s.001668">Reliquæ igitur rationes <lb></lb>præter vltimam contra Platonis opinionem <lb></lb>de antiperiſtaſi demonſtrant, non <lb></lb>autem de aëre antecedente. </s> <s id="s.001669">Vltima <lb></lb>autem euidens habet contra ſe ex<lb></lb>perimentum: nam & in motu à <lb></lb>raritate difficilior eſt aſcenſus gra<lb></lb>uis, quàm leuis, & ideò etiam <lb></lb>tardior. </s> <s id="s.001670">Verùm quòd fidem facit <lb></lb>pro Ariſtotelis opinione, illud eſt <lb></lb>quòd motum naturalem in fine <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.042.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/042/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>violentum, in principio, vehementem, in <lb></lb>medio fieri validiorem. </s> <s id="s.001671">Auerroës Simpli<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg172"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cium ſecutus, & quum deprauatam habe<lb></lb>ret literam textus, proiectorum, anima<lb></lb>lium legit. </s> <s id="s.001672">Simplicius quum textum habe<lb></lb>ret bonum, Ariſtotelem non intelligens, per <lb></lb>proiecta, animalia expoſuit, quòd in latus, <lb></lb>vt proiecta mouerentur, abſurdiſſima com<lb></lb>paratione, & interpretatione. </s> <s id="s.001673">Mouit hoc il<lb></lb>lum, quòd dixiſſet iam, violenta ab initio <lb></lb>vehementiùs moueri, naturalia in fine: ex <lb></lb>horum altero genere proiecta eſſe oportuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001674">Sed non intellexit Philoſophum. </s> <s id="s.001675">Cùm enim <lb></lb>proiecta aëris antecedentis motu moueren<lb></lb>tur, aër autem per ſe ſit mobilis, motus pro<lb></lb>iectorum ex naturali quodammodo, & vio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg173"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lento conſtat, naturalis in fine augetur, vio<lb></lb>lentus in principio: quamobrem miſtus ex <lb></lb>his, qui eſt proiectorum, in medio eſt va<lb></lb>lidiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.001676">Conſtans hæc ratio eſt, & pul<lb></lb>cherrimè dubitationis ſolutionem docet. </s> <s id="s.001677">Vi<lb></lb>demus enim machinas, ſcorpiones, tela <lb></lb>etiam manu emiſſa, in quadam diſtantia <lb></lb>vehementiores ictus, quàm nimis propè, & <lb></lb>( vt ita dicam ) ſub ipſis telis, aut ſcorpio<lb></lb>nibus, aut machinis, inferre. </s> <s id="s.001678">Cauſa eſt, quam <lb></lb>nemo alius afferre poteſt, quàm qui ab hoc <lb></lb>principio, quòd Ariſtoteles propoſuit, mo<lb></lb>tum factum putat: nam aër ille ſub ini<lb></lb>tio motus motum non iuuat, niſi parùm, <lb></lb>ſuccedente tempore aëris motus naturalis <lb></lb>vt mouetur validior fit, vt autem mouet, pa<lb></lb>rùm dehiſcit: quare eodem motus celeri<lb></lb>tatem augeri neceſſe eſt, quoad plus mouere <lb></lb>minùs incipit, quàm moueri natura ſit <lb></lb>aptum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001679"><margin.target id="marg168"></margin.target>Quatuor <lb></lb>cauſæ celeri<lb></lb>tatis, & diu<lb></lb>turnitatis <lb></lb>motus vio<lb></lb>lenti.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001680"><margin.target id="marg169"></margin.target>Nihil lentè <lb></lb>& procul <lb></lb>emitti po<lb></lb>teſt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001681"><margin.target id="marg170"></margin.target>Gubernato<lb></lb>res nauium <lb></lb>cauent ne <lb></lb>bellica tor<lb></lb>menta ſub <lb></lb>aquam mer<lb></lb>gant ſphæ<lb></lb>rulas, quas <lb></lb>in hoſtium <lb></lb>claſſem im<lb></lb>mittunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001682"><margin.target id="marg171"></margin.target>Teli confi<lb></lb>ciendi ratio, <lb></lb>quod ſemper <lb></lb>infigitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001683"><margin.target id="marg172"></margin.target>Ratio de<lb></lb>monſtratiua <lb></lb>pro Ariſtote<lb></lb>le. 2. cœli.t. <lb></lb>c. 35. & in <lb></lb>diuiſione <lb></lb>Simplicij. t. <lb></lb>cap. 20.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001684"><margin.target id="marg173"></margin.target>Cur ictus <lb></lb>ſcorpionum, <lb></lb>& machina<lb></lb>rum, & te<lb></lb>lorum in <lb></lb>certa diſtan<lb></lb>tia, quam ni<lb></lb>mis propè, ſit <lb></lb>validior.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001685">Ergo cognita motus violenti ratione, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg174"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quomodo ferantur, quæ non ſponte ſua fe<lb></lb>runtur, oſtendamus, hoc initio ſumpto, quòd <lb></lb>quæ mouentur grauia ictu aliquo, nec ſe<lb></lb>cundum naturam, tria habent, ex quibus <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.042.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/042/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>conficitur motus: propriam grauitatem, <lb></lb>qua deorſum feruntur, medij naturalem <lb></lb>vim, vt mouetur, & vim acquiſitam, qua <lb></lb>partem aliam aëris mouet, iam igitur fit <lb></lb>AB æquidiſtans finitori linea, quam ſecet <lb></lb>ex angulo recto CD, vt CA, ſit æqualis <lb></lb>BC, & diuidatur AC per æqualia in E: quod <lb></lb>verò moueri debet in F, & manifeſtum eſt <pb pagenum="394" xlink:href="016/01/043.jpg"></pb>per ſe, quòd validiſſimo ictu excutietur <lb></lb>verſus D, quia ſimul impetu iacientis, & <lb></lb>natura feretur in D. </s> <s id="s.001686">Par autem erat, quòd <lb></lb>debiliſſimus ictus eſſet illi contrarius, id <lb></lb>eſt, verſus C, validiſſimus autem ſuperio<lb></lb>rum verſus D, quorum neutrum experi<lb></lb>mento conſtat: ſed validiſſimus eſt ſupe<lb></lb>riorum FE, mediocris FC, & debiliſſi<lb></lb>mus FA. </s> <s id="s.001687">Cur ita? </s> <s id="s.001688">Sanè quoniam aër rectà <lb></lb>magis, quàm ad latera fertur, igitur debi<lb></lb>liſſimus eſt ictus ex F in A. </s> <s id="s.001689">Debuerat iuxta <lb></lb>hanc rationem validiſſimus eſſe ex F in C, <lb></lb>ſed quia tota grauitas obſtat ponderis, ideò <lb></lb>vbi aër maximè mouetur, & pondus mi<lb></lb>nus grauitatis habet, hoc autem eſt in linea <lb></lb>FE, ibi validiſſimè torquetur pila. </s> <s id="s.001690">Reli<lb></lb>quum eſt igitur vt mediocriter ex F in C <lb></lb>feratur, id eſt, rectà in ſublime. </s> <s id="s.001691">Ne tamen <lb></lb>erres in ſagittis, quæ ob longitudinem & <lb></lb>alas velociùs quandoque feruntur ex F in <lb></lb>A, quàm in C, nunquam autem magis, <lb></lb>quàm in E: ob id qui muros quatiunt, ma<lb></lb>chinas ad ſemiorthon, id eſt, ad libellam <lb></lb>FE collocant: nam tertia fermè parte ictus <lb></lb>augetur. </s> <s id="s.001692">Cùm verò pila ad ſupremum re<lb></lb>ctà peruenerit, non per circulum, nec <lb></lb>rectà ſurſum illicò deſcendit, ſed media <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg175"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quaſi linea, quæ parabolæ fermè imita<lb></lb>tur circum ambientem lineam, vt BC eſt, <lb></lb>demùm ex C in D motu grauis rectà ad vn<lb></lb>guem. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.043.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/043/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg176"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001693"><margin.target id="marg174"></margin.target>Ratio motus <lb></lb>grauium <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>violenter <lb></lb>mouentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001694"><margin.target id="marg175"></margin.target>Modus quo <lb></lb>grauia poſt <lb></lb>ictum deſ<lb></lb>cendunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001695"><margin.target id="marg176"></margin.target>Cur vix vl<lb></lb>lus feriatur <lb></lb>à plumbeis <lb></lb>pilulis, quæ <lb></lb>maximo nu<lb></lb>mero in al<lb></lb>tum mit<lb></lb>tuntur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001696">Quæ igitur proiiciuntur, tribus ex moti<lb></lb>bus conſtant, primo violento, vltimo ex<lb></lb>quiſitè naturali, & medio ex vtroque mi<lb></lb>ſto: propter tam multiplicem motus ratio<lb></lb>nem metiri ad vnguem talia planè eſt im<lb></lb>poſſibile, coniectura tamen aſſequi licet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001697">Debiliſſimi planè motus ex B in C: vnde <lb></lb>plumbeæ pilæ calore diſſipatæ, ob hoc etiam <lb></lb>minùs lædunt, vt vix vnum aut alterum, <lb></lb>ob ictus in ſublime deſtinatos, quum tamen <lb></lb>frequenter aut auium cauſa, aut exoneran<lb></lb>dæ machinæ, emitti ſoleant pilæ ſemiuncia <arrow.to.target n="marg177"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>grauiores, vulneratos aut grauiter percuſſos <lb></lb>videas inter tot millia. </s> <s id="s.001698">Sed quum per æqui<lb></lb>diſtantem finitori lineam tam difficulter <lb></lb>grauia moueantur, cur eſt quòd ſuſpenſa <lb></lb>facilè adeò impelluntur, vt annulus filo ſuſ<lb></lb>penſus ſpontè videatur moueri, atque ob id <lb></lb>etiam præcantationis præſe fert imaginem? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001699">Cauſa eſt, quòd tota vis integra impellen<lb></lb>ti relinquitur: qui verò proiicit, duo facit, <lb></lb>ſuſtinet & impellit: at appenſo pondere, <lb></lb>quum ab alio iam ſuſtineatur: quicquid <lb></lb>virium eſt ad impulſum integrum manet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001700">At vero quum impellitur, tanta fermè vi <lb></lb>redit ad medium, quanta ab illo, depul<lb></lb>ſum eſt: igitur quum ea vi iam depulſum <lb></lb>fit à medio, gratia exempli per cubiti ſpa<lb></lb>tium, tantundem diſcedere in contrariam <lb></lb>partem neceſſarium erit, atque ita conti<lb></lb>nuo ac alternato reditu tardiſſimè con<lb></lb>quieſcere. </s> <s id="s.001701">Cùm igitur in annulo motus hic <lb></lb>vel occulta ſpirituum motione paululùm <lb></lb>iuuatur, adeò ſpontè augetur, vt verbis <lb></lb>vim fuiſſe credas. </s> <s id="s.001702">Quamobrem cùm pau<lb></lb>lò concitatior eſt annuli motus, ipſo iam <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) ſeipſum mouente, videtur annu<lb></lb>lo dæmon ineſſe, qui annulum moueat. </s> <s id="s.001703">Eſt <lb></lb>autem motus hic etiam in filo longiore fa<lb></lb>cilior, euidenti demonſtratione. </s> <s id="s.001704">Sit enim <lb></lb>annulus in F, & moueatur per BC, ſuſ<lb></lb>penſus in A, & rurſus ſuſpenſus in A po<lb></lb>natur in G, & moueatur per DHE, quæ ſit <lb></lb>æqualis BFC, & L centrum terræ: con<lb></lb>ſtat igitur, quod dum eſt in F, mouebitur <lb></lb>contra naturalem motum per FG: & dum <lb></lb>eſt in H, per HK, ſed HK eſt breuior FG, <lb></lb>vt in primo de Circulis demonſtrauimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001705">Igitur cùm potentia mouens eadem ſit, & <lb></lb>quod mouetur idem, & maius tranſeat <lb></lb>ſpatium in F quàm in H, à centro, ſeu ma<lb></lb>gis aſcendat, tranſibit illud in longiori tem<lb></lb>pore: igitur ſi in æquali tempore debent <lb></lb>moueri, minore impetu indiget H, quàm F, <lb></lb>& ideò quantò altiùs ſuſpenditur, eò faci<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.043.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/043/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>liùs mouetur mobile, & minori labore. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001706">Cùm igitur filum longum fuerit, initium <lb></lb>motus ducet, vel ab incauto manuum mo<lb></lb>tu, vel ab aëre, vel à ſpiritibus ipſis, quo<lb></lb>rum vis etiam per filum deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.001707">Ita adeò <lb></lb>facili motu illius, & tot cauſis mouenti<lb></lb>bus, nil mirùm immotis digitis, & fili ini<lb></lb>tio annulum moueri, quo moto vix ceſſa<lb></lb>tionis, cùm graue ( vt dixi ) appenſum tam <lb></lb>pertinaciter ſeipſum moueat, initium pote<lb></lb>rit inuenire: atque hoc modo præcantatio<lb></lb>ne moueri videtur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001708"><margin.target id="marg177"></margin.target>De motu <lb></lb>annuli.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001709">Sed poſtquam hæc clara ſunt: dubitabit <lb></lb>aliquis, cur tenuia corpora non ſolum mo<lb></lb>tum velocem admittunt, quòd rationi con<lb></lb>ſonum eſt, ſed etiam faciunt, quod diſſonum <lb></lb>eſt? </s> <s id="s.001710">Nam impulſus aquæ minùs violentus <lb></lb>eſt, cum alicui rei intruditur, quàm aëris, & <lb></lb>aëris, quàm ignis, Indicio fuit inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum, quod ( vt audio ) nam non vidi, Ger<lb></lb>manus attulit, vlnas longum 20. ex cupreſ<lb></lb>ſo, cuius foramen adeò anguſtum erat, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg178"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cicerem etiamſi rotundus fuiſſet, non eſſet <lb></lb>admiſſurum. </s> <s id="s.001711">Craſſitudo vlna minor. </s> <s id="s.001712">Impel-<pb pagenum="395" xlink:href="016/01/044.jpg"></pb>lebat plumbeam pilam admodum exiguam, <lb></lb>quæ tamen foramini conueniret, tanto <lb></lb>impetu, vt tabulam tranſuerberaret. </s> <s id="s.001713">Secu<lb></lb>ra res, ſine ſtrepitu, & pulueris diſpendio <lb></lb>tria habens hæc commoda: ſed totidem in<lb></lb>commoda, grauitatem, magnitudinem, & <lb></lb>pro magnitudine imbecillitatem. </s> <s id="s.001714">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>igne ictus moliamur, breuiore longè ac mi<lb></lb>nore inſtrumento indigebimus: igitur plus <lb></lb>ignis quàm aër, & plus aër quàm aqua im<lb></lb>pellunt. </s> <s id="s.001715">Cauſa duplex eſt, quòd in impul<lb></lb>ſu non ſolum mouere, ſed etiam moueri <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt: at rariora facillimè moueri, & <lb></lb>ob hoc maximo cum impetu, demonſtraui<lb></lb>mus, itaque ictum edent magnum. </s> <s id="s.001716">Alte<lb></lb>ra, quòd quæ rara ſunt, maximè cogi poſ<lb></lb>ſunt, quòd multum diſtent ab extrema den<lb></lb>ſitate: aqua autem cum denſitatem terræ <lb></lb>ſubierit, vlteriùs tranſferri minimè poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001717">Machina igitur omnis aut magna neceſſa<lb></lb>riò eſt, vel debilem ictum edit, aut magno <lb></lb>cum ſtrepitu: nam quæ cum igne, ſtrepi<lb></lb>tum dictam ob rationem faciunt: quæ au<lb></lb>tem cum aëre, aut magnæ ſunt, vt catapultæ, <lb></lb>baliſtæ aut paruos edunt ictus. </s> <s id="s.001718">Sed ſolent ſa<lb></lb>gittas ſcorpionibus, non pilas imponere, <lb></lb>non ſolum quòd leuiores ſint, ſed etiam <lb></lb>quòd acie ictus magnitudinem ſuppleant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001719">Certum eſt Brixelenſem fabrum, ſcorpio<lb></lb>nem palmi magnitudine totum ex chalybe <lb></lb>ſic temperaſſe, vt mœchum vxoris ſuæ oc<lb></lb>cultato ſub mantello inſtrumento occiderit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg179"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sic tutò & ſine ſtrepitu ac ſuſpicione (nam <lb></lb>plerunque puluis odore prodit inſidias<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ma<lb></lb>ximam iniuriam vlciſci meditatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001720">Idem <lb></lb>horologium in annulli gemma conſtituit, <lb></lb>quod mala circumagebatur, & horas indi<lb></lb>cabat, non ſolùm ſagitta, ſed ictu. </s> <s id="s.001721">Hic idem <lb></lb>nauim miro conſtruxit artificio, in qua mu<lb></lb>lier teſtudinem pulſabat, & motu remo<lb></lb>rum viri rotis ſuppoſitis, quaſi ad con<lb></lb>centum agitantes remos, nauim impelle<lb></lb>bant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg180"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001722"><margin.target id="marg178"></margin.target>Machina <lb></lb>quæ ſine igne <lb></lb>ferit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001723"><margin.target id="marg179"></margin.target>Scorpio mi<lb></lb>rus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001724"><margin.target id="marg180"></margin.target>Inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum mirabi<lb></lb>le ad <expan abbr="cribrã">cribram</expan> <lb></lb>dum <expan abbr="farinã">farinam</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001725">Etſi hæc quaſi parerga dicta videri poſ<lb></lb>ſint, vt tamen artificioſam hominum inuen<lb></lb>tionem edoceam, quæ ab aëris natura ortum <lb></lb>ſumpſit, pulcherrimum inſtrumentum quo <lb></lb>farina cribratur, à triennio citra inuentum, <lb></lb>edocere ſtatui, vt ſimul intelligant homi<lb></lb>nes, quàm leuibus rebus, modò ſint ingenio<lb></lb>ſæ, opes liceat comparare. </s> <s id="s.001726">Nam nunc cùm <lb></lb>piſtores omnes ob vtilitatem habeant, ille <lb></lb>verò priuilegium conſecutus ſit à Cæſare, <lb></lb>ne quis habere poſſit præter eius conſen<lb></lb>ſum, vitam ex hac agit induſtria, & adeò <lb></lb>breui tempore ſibi domum ædificauit. </s> <s id="s.001727">Ne<lb></lb>que enim piſtores ſoli, ſed collegia ſacerdo<lb></lb>tum, & virginum Deo ſacrarum, & nobiles <lb></lb>quicunque familiam magnam alunt, ob <lb></lb>egregiam vtilitatem ( ne dicam neceſſita<lb></lb>tem ) habent: plures etiam alij, quos non <lb></lb>tam vtilitas, quam ipſa rei admiratio inci<lb></lb>tauit, facere curauere. </s> <s id="s.001728">Ipſius autem ſtructura <lb></lb>ſequitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001729">Rota eſt B parua, in cuius extremo ambi<lb></lb>tu A manubrium quo circumagi poſſit: <lb></lb>hæc duo extra machinam protenduntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001730">In rotæ mediæ bacillum C, quod motu ro<lb></lb>tæ circumuertitur, cui in C duo denticuli li<lb></lb>gnei ex aduerſo poſiti, aliique proximi duo, <lb></lb>& ipſi ex aduerſo poſiti, verum quaſi inter<lb></lb>medio loco priorum, vt cum ſemel rota cir<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.044.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/044/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cumagitur, quater tangat lignum latum, imò <lb></lb>tabellam DE vtrinque ſuſpenſam capſulæ: <lb></lb>vt rota vertente, tabella tremulo motu dum <lb></lb>denticulis tangitur perpetuo agitetur. </s> <s id="s.001731">Por<lb></lb>rò lignum C, & tabulæ pars parua capſula <lb></lb>circum teguntur: ligno ſeu tabellæ DE ſu<lb></lb>perſtat cribrum pollinarium FG obliquè <lb></lb>pendens, & ex G appenſum in H ne exci<lb></lb>dat: hoc tenuibus tabulis imò tenuiſſimis, <lb></lb>ac leuiſſimis vndequaque conſtat, præter<lb></lb>quam in medio vbi cribro farina excutitur: <lb></lb>nam vt ſolet pars ea tela linea conſtat. </s> <s id="s.001732">Cap<lb></lb>ſa hæc omnia vndequaque concluſa conti<lb></lb>nentur: in cuius ſupremo capſula K iacet, <lb></lb>atque in ea quadrata quaſi lignea patina <lb></lb>leuiſſima, in qua farina iacet: hæc ſic ſuſ<lb></lb>penſa eſt, vt facilè concuti poſſit: concuti<lb></lb>tur autem funiculo ei annexo altera rotæ <lb></lb>parte, dextra ſcilicet iuxta B. </s> <s id="s.001733">Memineris <lb></lb>etiam cribrum FG vtroque ex capite pa<lb></lb>tere ſupremo, vt farinam excipiat à patina: <lb></lb>infimo, vt furfur eiiciat ex G. </s> <s id="s.001734">Tota autem <lb></lb>capſa trifarlam diuiditur in LMN, erectis <lb></lb>ſeptis ex tenuibus tabulis firmis ac omninò <lb></lb>immobilibus. </s> <s id="s.001735">Poteſt & ſi libet quadrifariam <lb></lb>diuidi. </s> <s id="s.001736">Hoc igitur conſtituto, cum circum<lb></lb>agitur B rota, funiculus concutit patellam, <lb></lb>& denticuli tabellam: patella excutit fari<lb></lb>nam in cribrum F G, tabella cribrum con<lb></lb>cutit: ac fit vt tenuiſſimus flos farinæ pri<lb></lb>mò excutiatur, cadatque in NM, parte cap<lb></lb>ſulæ: deſcendens verò cum vehementius <lb></lb>agitetur, pars inferior excutitur alia minus <lb></lb>ſyncera in LM, inde vltimò deſcendit per <lb></lb>os cribri infernum & ſurſum totius in LO: <lb></lb>atque ita tria ſeorſum colliguntur, flos fa<lb></lb>rinæ in MN, farina craſſa in ML, furfur in <lb></lb>LO: Quæ verò circumuolat farina tota, ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò iterum redit ad locum ſuum, vt ni<lb></lb>hil penitus pereat, quoniam capſula nullibi <lb></lb>tranſpirat. </s> <s id="s.001737">Oportet autem ( quod ipſa ra<lb></lb>tione facilè percipis ) FG cribrum non ni<lb></lb>mis eſſe accliue: nam farina vſque ad G per<lb></lb>ueniret, & cum furfure eiiceretur. </s> <s id="s.001738">Quamo<lb></lb>brem ſi ſeptum Luſque ad os cribri tranſtu<lb></lb>leris, vel aliud ſeptum, vt in P, adieceris, ſi<lb></lb>mul etiam paululum, vt vides, os ipſum G <lb></lb>ſuperius recuraueris, ne vel oboli iacturam <lb></lb>feceris farinæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001739">Nunc quanta ex hoc ſequantur <expan abbr="inſtrumẽ-to">inſtrumen<lb></lb>to</expan> <expan abbr="cõmoda">commoda</expan>, intellige. </s> <s id="s.001740">Primum, vnius hominis <lb></lb>labore, qui rotam verſat & farinam impo<lb></lb>nit patellæ, & cum loci pleni fuerint, cribra<lb></lb>tam colligit ac furfur, trium operariorum <lb></lb>vices ſupplet. </s> <s id="s.001741">Secundum eſt, quod ad hoc <lb></lb>opus cum neque adeò ſit laborioſum, nec <lb></lb>noxium, quilibet ſufficere poteſt vtileſque <lb></lb>geruli habentur, qui longè minore pretio <lb></lb>operariis conducuntur. </s> <s id="s.001742">Tertium, quòd tota <lb></lb>farina colligitur, nec quicquam perit, cum <pb pagenum="396" xlink:href="016/01/045.jpg"></pb>dum cribratur neceſſe ſit ob manuum mo<lb></lb>tum ac brachiorum patere foramina, quan<lb></lb>tum diduci brachia valent, eaque cauſa fa<lb></lb>rinæ non paruam partem partem perire. </s> <s id="s.001743">Ac<lb></lb>cedit, quòd lineum cribrum cum ſolum tre<lb></lb>mat, non adeò atteritur, imò longè minus <lb></lb>qui dum farina ab hominibus cribratur: <lb></lb>nam illos concutere, vt ſolent, cribrum ve<lb></lb>hementer eſt neceſſarium. </s> <s id="s.001744">Facit & ad com<lb></lb>pendium, quòd farina exquiſitius excutitur, <lb></lb>vt furfur omninò purum ſit. </s> <s id="s.001745">Hæcque omnia <lb></lb>citra domus fœditatem, & hominum iactu<lb></lb>ram atque incommoda. </s> <s id="s.001746">Natura etiam in<lb></lb>ſtrumenti duplicem, aut triplicem farinam <lb></lb>diſtinguente, guod ab operariis niſi conie<lb></lb>ctura incerta primò, deinde etiam inſtabili, <lb></lb>fieri non poteſt.<arrow.to.target n="marg181"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001747"><margin.target id="marg181"></margin.target>Aër cur non <lb></lb>ſentiatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001748">Sed ad aëris tractationem reuertamur, <lb></lb>motuum omnium violentorum iam abſolu<lb></lb>ta narratione. </s> <s id="s.001749">Itaque aërem vſque ad cœ<lb></lb>lum extendi iam docuimus, purioremque <lb></lb>illius partem æthera vocari: ſed neque æ<lb></lb>ther, nec aër ob ſubſtantiæ puritatem ſenti<lb></lb>ri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001750">Cauſa factum eſt hoc animantium, <lb></lb>nam ſi colores haberet, quæ viderentur, ta<lb></lb>lia apparerent. </s> <s id="s.001751">Vt enim per viridia conſpi<lb></lb>cilia inſpicienti omnia videntur viridia: ita <lb></lb>ſi aër coloris particeps eſſet omnia eiuſdem <lb></lb>coloris eſſe viderentur. </s> <s id="s.001752">Similiter ſi odorem <lb></lb>haberet, omnia eodem odore infecta vide<lb></lb>rentur. </s> <s id="s.001753">Similiter ſi acrem ſaporem, aut dul<lb></lb>cem præ ſe ferret, dulcia omnia aut acria <lb></lb>viderentur. </s> <s id="s.001754">Eodem modo calidus ſi quan<lb></lb>doque euadat, vt in æſtate, omnia vt cali<lb></lb>da videantur, efficit. </s> <s id="s.001755">Ea ratione nox ſonos & <lb></lb>ſtrepitus leuiſſimos etiam detegit: quoniam <lb></lb>die aër non eſt omninò expers ſoni. </s> <s id="s.001756">Ergo <lb></lb>omnia vt poſſet ſuſcipere, ſapores, odores, <lb></lb>ſonos, colores, & calidum ac frigidum, ea<lb></lb>que vt decet ſenſibus repræſentare, omnium <lb></lb>natura expers factus eſt. </s> <s id="s.001757">Qualitatibus au<lb></lb>tem cùm ſubiacet primis, alteram oppoſi<lb></lb>tam refugit: atque hoc indicium eſt eorum <lb></lb>quæ iam diximus, qualitates ipſas per ſeip<lb></lb>ſas agere. </s> <s id="s.001758">Hyeme enim aër qui efflatur cùm <lb></lb>calidus ſit, in rotundam cogitur figuram, <lb></lb>ab ipſo calore ſiquidem, non ab aëris natu<lb></lb>ra: etiam aër frigidus non cogitur, nec ca<lb></lb>lidus in calidum locum inſpiratus. </s> <s id="s.001759">Sed cur in <arrow.to.target n="marg182"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rotundam figuram? </s> <s id="s.001760">quòd ea cùm ſit capa<lb></lb>ciſſima, etiam ſit robuſtiſſima, & etiam quo<lb></lb>niam ſolo puncto læſuræ cauſæ ſe exponat: <lb></lb>ob id pugnaturi, ictumque excepturi, ac <lb></lb>pondus ſubituri, in rotundam figuram ſe <lb></lb>totos colligunt, Vibrata enim procul maio<lb></lb>re impetu colliduntur: at quæ extra rotun<lb></lb>ditatem ſunt, procul magis vibrantur: plus <lb></lb>enim à centro diſtant, quod hypomochlij <lb></lb>vice habetur. </s> <s id="s.001761">Hic intercluſus corrumpit ani<lb></lb>mata anima carentia conſeruat: liber autem, <lb></lb>quæ anima carent, corrumpit: quæ anima<lb></lb>ta ſunt, conſeruat. </s> <s id="s.001762">Exedit enim anima <lb></lb>carentia motu, ideoque perflato loco illa <lb></lb>corrumpit, animalium calorem repurgat <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg183"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ac refrigerat. </s> <s id="s.001763">Sed recluſus dum non moue<lb></lb>tur, quæ à putredine abſunt illæſa conſer<lb></lb>uat, quia motu carens non exedit. </s> <s id="s.001764">Sed ani<lb></lb>malia, & quæ putreſcere poſſunt, immotus <lb></lb>manens, atque ideo putreſcens, corrum<lb></lb>pit, occidit, putrefacit. </s> <s id="s.001765">Adeò verò corrum<lb></lb>pitur aër concluſus ac immotus, vt cum M. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001766">Antonini Imperatoris milites Auidij Caſ<lb></lb>ſij in Seleucia Babyloniæ arculam in Apol<lb></lb>linis templo inuentam aperuiſſent, aurum <lb></lb>ſperantes inuenire, aër exiens adeò com<lb></lb>putruerat, vt totam regionem peſte affece<lb></lb>rit. </s> <s id="s.001767">Inde ventis delatus in Græciam, at<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg184"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que inde etiam Romam, peſtilentiam eam <lb></lb>excitauit, quæ humani totius generis par<lb></lb>tem fermè tertiam abſumpſit. </s> <s id="s.001768">Inficitur & <lb></lb>metallicis exhalationibus, vnde in fodina<lb></lb>rum puteis perpetuò flabellis agitatur: ali<lb></lb>ter & lumina extingueret, & eos qui in<lb></lb>tus ſunt ſuffocaret. </s> <s id="s.001769">Motu igitur aër pur<lb></lb>gatur, & ad propriam ac puram redit na<lb></lb>turam. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001770"><margin.target id="marg182"></margin.target>Cur aër hye<lb></lb>me in rotun<lb></lb>dam <expan abbr="figurã">figuram</expan> <lb></lb>cogitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001771"><margin.target id="marg183"></margin.target>Aëris con<lb></lb>trariæ vires.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001772"><margin.target id="marg184"></margin.target>Peſtis ex ar<lb></lb>cula aperta.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001773">Simili ratione frumenta ſub terra reclu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg185"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſa, aërem vitiant, indeque viciſſim ab illo <lb></lb>vitiantur. </s> <s id="s.001774">Et licet ſerius in Germania, ob <lb></lb>aëris frigiditatem, attamen & ibi poſt <lb></lb>aliquot annos corrumpuntur. </s> <s id="s.001775">Seruantur & <lb></lb>diutiùs eadem cauſa ſub terra quam ſupra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001776">In Gallia verò etiam in multos annos ſeptis <lb></lb>in medio ariſtis, & circumpoſitis denſata <lb></lb>congerie ſtipulis, ita vt latioris columnis <lb></lb>ſpeciem referant, inde ſuperinducto tugu<lb></lb>riolo denſite tuta manent ab animalibus aë<lb></lb>reque ipſo, tugurio ab aqua, geminareque <lb></lb>prohibentur ipſis ſtipulis annexis: omnia <lb></lb>enim ſemina ea parte pullulant, quæ exorta <lb></lb>ſunt, indicio ſunt fabæ. </s> <s id="s.001777">Sed & quædam <lb></lb>perflatis locis videntur tutiora, non quia <lb></lb>aër conſeruet, ſed quia frigidior quum <lb></lb>ſit, adeò non corrumpit. </s> <s id="s.001778">Pleraque enim <lb></lb>perflata, maximè edito loco, ſunt con<lb></lb>cluſis frigidiora. </s> <s id="s.001779">Fiunt & aëris corruptio<lb></lb>nes ob terræmotus. </s> <s id="s.001780">Reſeratus enim aër, <lb></lb>qui multis latuerat ſeculis, dum emergit, <lb></lb>peſtem magnam afferre ſolet: ob id ma<lb></lb>gnos terræmotus, peſtilentiæ graues ſubſe<lb></lb>qui ſolent. </s> <s id="s.001781">Fiunt & ob putredines, velut <lb></lb>poſt magnas clades, poſt inundationes, & <lb></lb>locuſtarum interitum. </s> <s id="s.001782">Hæ quidem peſtilen<lb></lb>tiæ ab aëre. </s> <s id="s.001783">Quæ autem fiunt poſt famem, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg186"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>alterius ſunt generis. </s> <s id="s.001784">Mira tamen peſtis va<lb></lb>rietas: nam referunt autores fide non in<lb></lb>digni, Conſtantinopoli ( olim Byzantium <lb></lb>dicebatur ) peſtem obortam, qui huius erat <lb></lb>generis, vt qui laborarent, aut quibus mor<lb></lb>bus imminebat, viderentur ab alio homine <lb></lb>cædi: perturbatique hoc errore morieban<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.001785">Interim nec videbant, nec audiebant, <lb></lb>ſed velut attoniti, aut lymphati ſenſibus ac <lb></lb>mente excutiebantur. </s> <s id="s.001786">Febreque ac tuſſi cum <lb></lb>laborarent, calor tamen & color haud mu<lb></lb>tabatur. </s> <s id="s.001787">Tubercula variis in locis pro ho<lb></lb>minum natura apparebant. </s> <s id="s.001788">Tandem veterno <lb></lb>alij, alij inedia conficiebantur. </s> <s id="s.001789">Quidam etiam <lb></lb>ob ſitim in puteos ſe præcipitabant. </s> <s id="s.001790">Cer<lb></lb>tum eſt, fuiſſe genus certum abſceſſus in <lb></lb>cerebro, quandoquidem contagio non pro<lb></lb>pagaretur. </s> <s id="s.001791">Certum eſt, tot fermè eſſe modos <lb></lb>peſtis, quot tempora. </s> <s id="s.001792">Nulla tamen peſtis vl<lb></lb>tra triennium ſæuit. </s> <s id="s.001793">Cauſa multiplex eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001794">Prima, quia ſi tamdiu ſæuiat, non habet fer<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg187"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mè in quos ſæuiat. </s> <s id="s.001795">Deinde, aër ipſe cùm le<lb></lb>uiſſimæ ( vt dictum eſt ) ſit ſubſtantiæ, vlte<lb></lb>riorem putredinem pati non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001796">Oſten<lb></lb>ſum eſt enim ſuperius, quæ computrue<lb></lb>tint, non amplius eſſe putrida. </s> <s id="s.001797">Accedit, <pb pagenum="397" xlink:href="016/01/046.jpg"></pb>quòd vix fieri poteſt, ne in tanto tempore <lb></lb>aër moueatur, & in ventos transferat quod <lb></lb>corrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.001798">Videtur etiam omnibus peſſi<lb></lb>mis rebus Dei beneficio modus quidam im<lb></lb>poſitus. </s> <s id="s.001799">Nam nec ſerpentes multiplicari vi<lb></lb>dentur vltra metam quandam, nec acuti <lb></lb>morbi vltra quartum decimum diem perſe<lb></lb>uerant, nec vllum vehemens malum eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt diuturnum. </s> <s id="s.001800">In peſtis autem genere diu<lb></lb>turno ac lento, nullum eſt inuenire termi<lb></lb>num præfixum: vt in Gallica lue, quam con<lb></lb>ſtantiam quinquageſimum ab ortu ſuo an<lb></lb>num exceſſiſſe. </s> <s id="s.001801">Et quanquam ſit hic mor<lb></lb>bus Indis Endemius, nobis tamen contagio <lb></lb>peſtifer eſt. </s> <s id="s.001802">Scripſimus autem de hoc multos <lb></lb>libros. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg188"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001803"><margin.target id="marg185"></margin.target>Cauſæ pu<lb></lb>tredinis aë<lb></lb>ris & peſtis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001804"><margin.target id="marg186"></margin.target>Peſtis mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001805"><margin.target id="marg187"></margin.target>Cur peſtis <lb></lb>triennium <lb></lb>non excedat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001806"><margin.target id="marg188"></margin.target>Venenorum <lb></lb>ratio triplex.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001807">Genera peſtis ex aëre, veneni habent ra<lb></lb>tionem. </s> <s id="s.001808">Venena etenim quædam natura, vt <lb></lb>quæ naſcuntur, & anguium peſſimi: quædam <lb></lb>putredine, è quorum numero peſtis ipſa eſt, <lb></lb>& quæ arte conficiuntur, cocta olim, nunc <lb></lb>ſublimata vocantur. </s> <s id="s.001809">Acerrima & maximè <lb></lb>præſentanea à natura fiunt, illa artem vnde<lb></lb>qua que ſuperante: ſed tamen rara, frequen<lb></lb>tiſſima ab arte, quum in malis excogitandis <lb></lb>longè deterius humanum genus ſit <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> na<lb></lb>tura. </s> <s id="s.001810">Ergo rarò exemplo, non turpe illa duxit <lb></lb>ſibi in his ab hominibus ſuperari, modò ta<lb></lb>men magnitudinis rei palma apud illam ma<arrow.to.target n="marg189"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>neat. </s> <s id="s.001811">In Nubia tamen referunt (hæc Marma<lb></lb>rica à Ptolemæo appellatur) eſſe venenum, <lb></lb>cuius pondus triticei grani vnius, illicò ho<lb></lb>minem occidit: <expan abbr="decẽ">decem</expan> autem homines in quar<lb></lb>ta horæ parte. </s> <s id="s.001812">Tanta vis lethalis, venditur in <lb></lb>ſingulas vncias centenis aureis. </s> <s id="s.001813">Tantundem <lb></lb>impenditur pro vectigalibus quanti emitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001814">Iurat emptor non vſurum eo in prouincia, <lb></lb>quaſi homines aliarum regionum ſi quis oc<lb></lb>cidat, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſit veneficus, vel minus ſit homines <lb></lb>occidere, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> peiorare. </s> <s id="s.001815"><expan abbr="Periuriũ">Periurium</expan> timebit, qui <lb></lb>veneficio vſurus eſt? </s> <s id="s.001816">Hæc calamitaſne maior, <lb></lb>an ſtultitia mortalium? </s> <s id="s.001817">Deterior in mora <expan abbr="cõ-ditio">con<lb></lb>ditio</expan> quam in celeritate: hæc enim vitam <lb></lb>aufert, illa ſpem & fructum omnem vitæ. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg190"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Theophraſtus refert, <expan abbr="aconitũ">aconitum</expan> præparari ſoli<lb></lb>tum quod bimeſtri, trimeſtri, ſemeſtri, anno<lb></lb>ve vel etiam biennio occidat, <expan abbr="eſſéq;">eſſéque</expan> mortes <lb></lb>collectionis medicamenti temporibus com<lb></lb>pares. </s> <s id="s.001818">Nam à ſeniore <expan abbr="plãta">planta</expan> protrahitur mors <lb></lb>diutiùs: ſerebant enim herbam, <expan abbr="colligebántq;">colligebántque</expan> <lb></lb>Vel quia collecta verno <expan abbr="tẽpore">tempore</expan>, celeriùs oc<lb></lb>cidat <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> hyeme, vt etiam de herbarum vi<lb></lb>ribus tum <expan abbr="radicũ">radicum</expan> conſtat. </s> <s id="s.001819">Et quantumuis me<lb></lb>dicamenti tempus protraheretur, mors <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> <lb></lb>certa <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> irreparabilis, <expan abbr="cuiq;">cuique</expan> ſuo <expan abbr="tẽpore">tempore</expan>, quod <lb></lb>mirum eſt, imminebat. </s> <s id="s.001820">Simili ratione <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> <lb></lb>licet non vitam tollant, membrorum tamen <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg191"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quorundam vitium afferunt. </s> <s id="s.001821">Fons fuit vltra <lb></lb>Rhenum iuxta littus maris, cuius aqua ex<lb></lb>cuſſit dentes omnibus, quotquot è Germani<lb></lb>ci exercitu ex eo biberant. </s> <s id="s.001822">Nec <expan abbr="inuentũ">inuentum</expan> au<lb></lb>xilium, niſi herbæ Britannicæ. </s> <s id="s.001823">Et Cæſari Ta<lb></lb>bernæ patritio noſtro, quum diu cruciatus <lb></lb><expan abbr="vẽtriculi">ventriculi</expan> doloribus diſſectus fuiſſet poſt mor<lb></lb>tem, inuentus lapis in ventriculo oui magni<lb></lb>tudine. </s> <s id="s.001824">Venena enim quæ ad <expan abbr="tẽpus">tempus</expan> occidunt, <lb></lb><expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> cor, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> <expan abbr="cerebrũ">cerebrum</expan>, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> <expan abbr="veſicã">veſicam</expan> petere poſ<lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001825">Nam ſi cor <expan abbr="petãt">petant</expan>, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> tandiu differre poſ<lb></lb>ſunt <expan abbr="mortẽ">mortem</expan>: ſi <expan abbr="cerebrũ">cerebrum</expan>, cùm longè abſint, non <lb></lb>occident, imò vix attingere poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.001826">Veſicam <lb></lb>non niſi acuta medicamenta lædunt: ea au<lb></lb>tem celeriter occidunt. </s> <s id="s.001827">Poſſunt tamen cele<lb></lb>riter nocere, & tandem interficere. </s> <s id="s.001828">Sed quæ <lb></lb>venena clam occidunt & ſerò, vt fraus la<lb></lb>teat, pulmones aut iecur, aut ventriculum <lb></lb>vexant. </s> <s id="s.001829">Ventriculum quæ vexant, dolore iu<lb></lb>gi & pleraque vomitu: quæ pulmones pe<lb></lb>tierunt tabe ac iuſſi: quæ iecur, ſanguinem <lb></lb>corrumpendo alia regium morbum, non<lb></lb>nulla hydropem, pleraque febres virulentas <lb></lb>generando occidunt. </s> <s id="s.001830">Aliàs ſcripſi vno pran<lb></lb>dio exceptos è tredecim viris in oppido <lb></lb>Gallarate vndecim, qui venenum biberint <lb></lb>omnes interiiſſe diuerſis temporibus, cum <lb></lb>quidam etiam Romam interim iuiſſent ac <lb></lb>rediiſſent. </s> <s id="s.001831">Delatum ex ea vrbe tam pul<lb></lb>chrum inuentum fuerat. </s> <s id="s.001832">Aliàs dicam ſigna <lb></lb>quædam, quibus hominem venenum, licet <lb></lb>non ſentiat, hauſiſſe deprehendemus: nunc <lb></lb>tamen potiora ſubiiciam. </s> <s id="s.001833">Ea ſunt quinque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001834">Primum, cùm odor fœdus in cibo ſentitur: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg192"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vel ſi non præſente re fœtida, odor quaſi <lb></lb>ſecum rem deferat fœtidam, fœdus ſentia<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.001835">Eadem ratio in horribilibus ſaporibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001836">Dolores quoque abſque manifeſta cauſa vel <lb></lb>in ventriculo, vel iecore, vel veſicæ eroſiores <lb></lb>vel ſanguinis ſputa repentina, atque ſpon<lb></lb>tanea. </s> <s id="s.001837">Eſt etiam tabes quædam lenta ac exi<lb></lb>tialis ſignum hauſti veneni: & coloris totius <lb></lb>corporis magna mutatio, & immedicabilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001838">Cæterùm non eſt hîc locus de morbis tra<lb></lb>ctandi, ſed ſolùm illud quòd ſubtilius eſt hac <lb></lb>in diſputatione docendum, quomodo ſcili<lb></lb>cet odore non præſente, aut ſapore, <expan abbr="vtrunq;">vtrunque</expan> <lb></lb>ſentire contingat, <expan abbr="hócq;">hócque</expan> veneni ſit indicium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001839">Cauſa eſt, quòd humor melancholicus tales <lb></lb>ſpecies loco obiecti refert: vt etiam in his, <lb></lb>qui à cane rabido morſi ſunt, circa viſum er<lb></lb>rare contingit. </s> <s id="s.001840">At venena præſertim tempo<lb></lb>ranea humorem hunc atrum generare ſo<lb></lb>lent. </s> <s id="s.001841">Subit autem dum hæc conſidero dubi<lb></lb>tatio <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> leuis, quòd cùm multa ſint <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) <lb></lb>quæ mortem differre poſſunt in annos, & ta<lb></lb>men ſint venena, ne non aliqua ſint, quibus <lb></lb>vtamur pro cibis, & tamen mortem <expan abbr="afferãt">afferant</expan>, <lb></lb>licet adeò ſerò vt <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> pro venenis <expan abbr="habeãtur">habeantur</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001842">Quòd ſi talia ſint, erunt velut è <expan abbr="fungorũ">fungorum</expan> ge<lb></lb>nerib. </s> <s id="s.001843">Quòd cùm tot ſint <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> diuerſis modis <lb></lb>affecti, in tam diuerſis ætatibus, <expan abbr="tẽperaturis">temperaturis</expan> <lb></lb>viuendi inſtitutis, artibus, virium robore, oc<lb></lb>caſionibus, <expan abbr="varióq;">varióque</expan> adeò exitu <expan abbr="pereuntiũ">pereuntium</expan>, quis <lb></lb>poſſit animaduertere hanc noxam? </s> <s id="s.001844">Simili ra<lb></lb>tione olera <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> agreſtia, quæ fortuitò edi<lb></lb>mus: <expan abbr="latẽt">latent</expan> enim quàm multa: & quæ <expan abbr="inficiũ-tur">inficiun<lb></lb>tur</expan> ſalamandra ac rubetis, ac ſerpentib. </s> <s id="s.001845">Cha<lb></lb>mæleon herba ſuibus, lupis & murib <expan abbr="præsẽs">præsens</expan> <lb></lb>venenum, quis nouit an hominibus ſit tem<lb></lb>poraneum? </s> <s id="s.001846">Nam quæ <expan abbr="nocẽt">nocent</expan>, temporis ſpatio <lb></lb>interficere ſolent. </s> <s id="s.001847">Viſcus certè qui in illius <lb></lb>radice oritur, <expan abbr="mortẽ">mortem</expan> hominibus affert. </s> <s id="s.001848"><expan abbr="Quæ-cunq;">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque</expan> autem mortem <expan abbr="præſentẽ">præſentem</expan> afferunt, ea ſi <lb></lb>temperata fuerint, veneni temporanei loco <lb></lb>habenda ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001849">Sunt verò ex his quæ ſolo ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg193"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctu etiam occidant: nam canis rabidi ſpuma <lb></lb>ſi in locum aliquo modo vulneratum inci<lb></lb>dat, vel à quo ſola detracta ſit cuticula, occi<lb></lb>dere ſolet: & ſcilla cuti illita vexat carnes: & <lb></lb>cantharides manu retentæ, ſanguinis mi<lb></lb>ctum prouocant: quidquid mirum eſt igitur <lb></lb>venenum eſſe quod ſolo contactu occidat, <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> <pb pagenum="398" xlink:href="016/01/047.jpg"></pb>præſertim cum videamus peſtem quæ ephip<lb></lb>piis aut tabulæ hæſerit, hominem occidere, <lb></lb>qui alteri eorum inſederit. </s> <s id="s.001850">Quædam igitur <lb></lb>vmbra ſola, vt oleander & taxus: quædam <lb></lb>venenum extinctum olim ſuſcitant, vt virgę <lb></lb>corni, aut ſanguinariæ, quæ cùm in manu ca<lb></lb>leſcunt, rabiem in morſis à cane <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> liberatis <lb></lb>periculo reuocant. </s> <s id="s.001851">Sanguinariæ <expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan> virgis <lb></lb>cæſi, tum etiam iumenta, magno incommodo <lb></lb>affici creduntur. </s> <s id="s.001852">Feruntur & ſerpentes <expan abbr="quidã">quidam</expan> <lb></lb>occidere, etiam medio contactu haſtæ, vt <lb></lb>Matthiolus refert. </s> <s id="s.001853">Alius cum ſuxiſſet vulnus <lb></lb>à ſerpente diuiſo illatum, ſtatim expirauit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001854">Alij odore ſolo intereunt, vt qui Senis pu<lb></lb>plicè à riuali odore ſolo oblato occidit. </s> <s id="s.001855">Mira <lb></lb>hæc videntur potius quam ſint, ſeu ad huma<lb></lb>nam quis reſpiciat imbecillitatem, ſeu ad in<lb></lb>genij malefici induſtriam, ſeu ad rerum ip<lb></lb>ſarum vim, aut ad modi ſubtilitatem. </s> <s id="s.001856">Cúm<lb></lb>que hoc ſit præſentis negotij propoſitum, in <lb></lb>tribus admirabilioribus exemplis illud nunc <lb></lb>explicemus. </s> <s id="s.001857">Occîdunt quædam (vt diximus) <lb></lb>deuorata ſtatim, alia ſolo contactu, alia olfa<lb></lb>ctu: quid mirabilius ſit ex his, incertum eſt: <lb></lb>ſed audi cauſam horum, & perdiſces. </s> <s id="s.001858">Si ignis <lb></lb>ſcintilla cor introëat, nonne credis ſtatim <lb></lb>hominem interiturum? </s> <s id="s.001859">At venenum fiet acu<lb></lb>tius igne, vt declarabimus, <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> de aquis acer<lb></lb>rimis ſermonem habebimus. </s> <s id="s.001860">Tale autem po<lb></lb>tentia, dum in corpore eſt tale actu fit: occi<lb></lb>dit ergo, inquam, & erit minus decima grani <lb></lb>triticei parte: nam ſcintilla ignis, & pondere, <lb></lb>& magnitudine, & ſubſtantia minor eſt eius <lb></lb>grani parte decima. </s> <s id="s.001861">En vides rem admodum <lb></lb>miram, quam breui euadat non obſcura, vel <lb></lb>dubia, quòd olfactu ſolo interimit in cerebri <lb></lb>penetralia vapor receptus? </s> <s id="s.001862">cum ſine repagulo <lb></lb>ſit cerebrum, <expan abbr="trahátq;">trahátque</expan> aërem vt cor, illicò ſpi<lb></lb>ritum in cerebri ventriculis contentum peri<lb></lb>mit <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> deſtruit. </s> <s id="s.001863">Neceſſe eſt autem tale ve<lb></lb>nenum acutum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.001864">Memini me quorundam <lb></lb>olfactu adeò perterritum, vt pœniteret odo<lb></lb>raſſe, <expan abbr="aberántq;">aberántque</expan> tamen plurimum talia à na<lb></lb>tura veneni. </s> <s id="s.001865">Contingit hoc in omnib. </s> <s id="s.001866">quæ <lb></lb>ignis deſtillatione colliguntur, ſi iam ſpontè <lb></lb>calida fuerint. </s> <s id="s.001867">Quæ verò putrida, periculo <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>vacant. </s> <s id="s.001868">Oſtenſum eſt enim, quæ putrida ſint <lb></lb>naturæ noſtræ aduerſari: quæ verò deſtillan<lb></lb>tur, participem habere vim tum ignis, tum <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ, & caloris qui in re quę deſtillatur <lb></lb>viget. </s> <s id="s.001869">Quid mirum eſt igitur, hominem ſolo <lb></lb>olfactu repentè occidi? </s> <s id="s.001870">Eſt tactus etiam expe<lb></lb>rimentum, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> non tactus, ſed contactus per <lb></lb>haſtam, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> hoc, vt verè fatear, difficiliùs ac <lb></lb>mirabiliùs. </s> <s id="s.001871">Sed ſi quis hæc tria ſibi proponat, <lb></lb>Metum in plurib. (<expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> enim omnes æquali<lb></lb>ter afficiuntur<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & vim torpedinis, quæ retis <lb></lb>medio hominis manum etiam ſtupefacit, & <lb></lb>ſpiritum qui ex ore ſerpentis exhalat, cum in <lb></lb>peſte hoc ſolo cernamus multos interire: <expan abbr="col-ligátq;">col<lb></lb>ligátque</expan> hæc omnia ſimul: Multi ſolo ſpiritu <lb></lb>pernicioſo interiere, multi ſolo metu, multi <lb></lb>contactu retis manuum ſtuporem ſenſerunt: <lb></lb>vulnerato ſerpente, & metum, & <expan abbr="ſpiritũ">ſpiritum</expan> exi<lb></lb>tialem, & contactum, mortem <expan abbr="repentinã">repentinam</expan> af<lb></lb>ferre quid mirum? </s> <s id="s.001872">quod tamen tam <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan> eſt, <lb></lb>quam adeò <expan abbr="rarũ">rarum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001873">Ergo quæ natura <expan abbr="ſpõtè">ſpontè</expan> fert, <lb></lb>ars in malis fingendis ſolertior <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> fœlicior <lb></lb>perficere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001874">Sed dices: Cur igitur pauci <lb></lb>ſic pereunt, non paucæ ſunt cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.001875">Primum <lb></lb>pauci hoc nolunt: Principes enim odio <expan abbr="habẽt">habent</expan> <lb></lb>ea, quib. </s> <s id="s.001876">& alij in ipſos vti poſſent. </s> <s id="s.001877">Pauciores <lb></lb>etiam ſunt, qui ſciant hæc: nec <expan abbr="ſapiẽtes">ſapientes</expan> peſſi<lb></lb>mo <expan abbr="exẽplo">exemplo</expan> vti volunt, nec imperiti <expan abbr="ſufficiũt">ſufficiunt</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001878">Adde, quòd tam violentam belluam quis ſa<lb></lb>nus libenter tractet? </s> <s id="s.001879">Ea <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> nocere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> poſ<lb></lb>ſunt, niſi copiosè <expan abbr="adminiſtrẽtur">adminiſtrentur</expan>, <expan abbr="omniáq;">omniáque</expan> hę<lb></lb>reant: at aduerſus hæc <expan abbr="Principũ">Principum</expan> cautio maxi<lb></lb>ma eſt. </s> <s id="s.001880">Imminet <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> periculum adeò ingens <lb></lb>proditoribus ſi pateat non ſolùm ab his in <lb></lb>quos moliuntur, ſed & ab his propter quos, <lb></lb>ne poſt ſcelus pactum ſceleris habeant <expan abbr="teſtẽ">teſtem</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001881"><expan abbr="Deniq;">Denique</expan> qui vel natura, vel arte bene ſunt in<lb></lb>ſtituti, hac ſcientia, quæ ſolùm eſt ad <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan> <lb></lb>perniciem, carere volunt. </s> <s id="s.001882">Ego cùm <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan> <lb></lb>curioſus fuerim omnium quæ mortali ſcire <lb></lb>liceret, hanc ſolam <expan abbr="ignorantiã">ignorantiam</expan> optimæ <expan abbr="ſciẽ-tiæ">ſcien<lb></lb>tiæ</expan> eſſe loco duxi: nec quæſiui vnquam, nec <lb></lb>ſi quis ſpontè obtuliſſet, habere voluiſſem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001883">Quin potius ſi quid excogitandum fuerat, ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg194"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>auxilia, & cautionem traduxi. </s> <s id="s.001884">Auxilium igi<lb></lb>tur eſt, non hærere loco cuiquam, donec in<lb></lb>caleſcat manus: lotio frequens partium cum <lb></lb>aqua tepida: olei <expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan> rutacei, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> illius vul<lb></lb>garis, ſed eius quod <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan> modo <expan abbr="factũ">factum</expan> ſit, quo <lb></lb>& <expan abbr="ſpicatũ">ſpicatum</expan>, & <expan abbr="garyophylatũ">garyophylatum</expan> apud pigmenta<lb></lb>rios fieri ſolet, inunctio. </s> <s id="s.001885">Dixi <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>, <expan abbr="ignẽ">ignem</expan> loco <lb></lb>adhibitum omne venenum extinguere: ſiqui<lb></lb>dem ignis venena aliqua extinguit, alia exa<lb></lb>cuit. </s> <s id="s.001886">Extinguit ſemper, dum loco adhibetur, <lb></lb>quoniam virtus eius omne humidum tollit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001887">Omne <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> ſiccum in aliquo humido eſt: vi<lb></lb>demus enim planè ſicca nullas habere vires. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001888">Sunt <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> planè ſicca expertia naturæ miſto<lb></lb>rum <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> elementorum. </s> <s id="s.001889">Elementa enim om<lb></lb>nia (vt dixi) humida. </s> <s id="s.001890">Miſtum <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> miſcetur, <lb></lb>quia humidum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001891">Ignis igitur exteriùs, & <lb></lb>quod calidiſſimum eſt intus, omnia venena <lb></lb>finit. </s> <s id="s.001892">Sed intus calidiſſima ipſa venena ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001893"><expan abbr="Quædã">Quædam</expan> <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> exacuit: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> Locuſtam opificem <lb></lb>veneni verberauit Nero, quòd non protinus <lb></lb>occidiſſet. </s> <s id="s.001894">Illa iterum coxit (coqui dixerunt, <lb></lb>quod nunc ſublimari, ſeu deſtillari.) Ignis er<lb></lb>go, ſi miſceantur, vires tollit, exhalante te<lb></lb>nuior humido, in quo veneni vis ſita eſt. </s> <s id="s.001895">Sed <lb></lb>ſi pura deſtillentur, aut venena venenis miſ<lb></lb>ceantur, exacuit venenum: velut in medica<lb></lb>mentis additur aliquid quod penetret: & <lb></lb>cùm minuere vim debeat, auget. </s> <s id="s.001896">Sed ad <lb></lb>auxilia tranſeamus. </s> <s id="s.001897">Primum eſt potus the<lb></lb>riacæ, quæ ſi probè confecta ſit nemo eſt, <lb></lb>qui neſciat quantum conferat. </s> <s id="s.001898">Secundum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg195"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mus quem Moyſis appellant: referunt enim <lb></lb>veſci radice napelli, ſeu napellus ſit accog<lb></lb>nitum, ſeu aliud quippiam: at de hoc ſuo <lb></lb>loco dicetur. </s> <s id="s.001899">Quidam non indigni fide, <lb></lb>vidiſſe ſe referunt. </s> <s id="s.001900">At operæ pretium fue<lb></lb>rat eos docuiſſe, quonam pacto tam paruus <lb></lb>cùm ſit, queat effodere terram: & quàm <lb></lb>mirabili affectu feratur in eum cibum in <lb></lb>tanta copia, <expan abbr="facilioréq;">facilioréque</expan> <expan abbr="alimẽti">alimenti</expan>: & cùm omnia <lb></lb>animalia illicò eſu acconiti pereant, mus in<lb></lb>firmior cæteris, paruitate, mollitie, breuitate <lb></lb>vitæ, & moderatione, aſſueſcere potuerit tam <lb></lb>acri veneno. </s> <s id="s.001901">Si tamen hoc contingat, <expan abbr="de-mõſtratum">de<lb></lb>monſtratum</expan> eſt, omne quod veneno veſcitur, <lb></lb>eſſe alexipharmacum, ſeu illi reſiſtere: opti<lb></lb>ma erit medicina pro venenis Vnum Affir<lb></lb>mant deprehenſum eſſe, muſcas magnas il<lb></lb>lum edere: quod ſi ita eſt, foliis, vel floribus <pb pagenum="399" xlink:href="016/01/048.jpg"></pb>vtuntur, quorum nullum venenoſum eſt adeò <lb></lb>vt radix. </s> <s id="s.001902">Deinde muſcæ parum habent, nec <lb></lb>firmiter. </s> <s id="s.001903">Miſcent <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> Lemniæ terræ, & lau<lb></lb>ri baccis & mithridato muſcas has 24. nu<lb></lb>mero, & ſalutare conficiunt medicamentum <lb></lb>pari pondere omnibus ſumptis. </s> <s id="s.001904">Quòd ſi non <lb></lb>aliud <expan abbr="commodũ">commodum</expan> ferat mithridatum, & Lem<lb></lb>nia terra & baccæ lauri, venenis aduerſantur: <lb></lb>muſcæ verò vomitum ciunt. </s> <s id="s.001905">Sed in mure, ſi <lb></lb><expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan> ſit veſicco, magna vis erit. </s> <s id="s.001906">Nihil autem <lb></lb>prohibet arte parari mures ſenſim ad hoc <lb></lb>perductos cum caſeo & farina, <expan abbr="iuniperíq;">iuniperíque</expan> ac <lb></lb>lauris baccis. </s> <s id="s.001907">Tertium eſt <expan abbr="medicamẽtũ">medicamentum</expan> è ſan<lb></lb>guinibus, maximè ciconiæ. </s> <s id="s.001908"><expan abbr="Demõſtrandũ">Demonſtrandum</expan> eſt <lb></lb>autem, hoc eſſe ſupremum aduerſus venena <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg196"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="præſidiũ">præſidium</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001909">Omne enim quod veſcitur <expan abbr="alimẽto">alimento</expan>, <lb></lb>dum integrum eſt <expan abbr="alimentũ">alimentum</expan>, <expan abbr="propriã">propriam</expan> retinet <lb></lb>vim <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> perfectam: cùm verò in <expan abbr="nutrimentũ">nutrimentum</expan> <lb></lb>tranſiuit, <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> acquirit eius quod nutritur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001910">Verùm vel ſic aliquid retinet prioris naturę. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001911">Nam calidiora ſunt corpora, quæ veſcuntur <lb></lb>auibus, quàm piſcibus, & aliis quàm lactucis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001912">Sed cùm alimentum nutrire debet, in ſangui<lb></lb>nem tranſit medio itinere maior enim muta<lb></lb>tio eſt à ſanguine in ſubſtantiam <expan abbr="membrorũ">membrorum</expan>, <lb></lb>quàm ex alimento in ſanguinem, ſeu <expan abbr="tẽpus">tempus</expan>, <lb></lb>ſeu differentiam, ſeu media conſideraueris. </s> <s id="s.001913">Si <lb></lb>igitur in perfecta mutatione, nec tota vis <lb></lb>prior aboletur, in dimidio tum ſpatij, tum <lb></lb>actionis dimidium virium retinebit. </s> <s id="s.001914">Sanguis <lb></lb>igitur gallinæ ſerpentium carnibus nutritæ, <lb></lb>& longè melius ciconiæ ac gruis, quoniam <lb></lb>natura his aluntur, & <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> corruptione mu<lb></lb>tantur, medius eſt inter veneni ciconiæ que <lb></lb>naturam. </s> <s id="s.001915">Quod verò medium eſt inter vene<lb></lb>num & naturam noſtram, quæ cum ciconiæ <lb></lb>natura ideo conuenit, quòd <expan abbr="vtraq;">vtraque</expan> anima eſt, <lb></lb>ſanguineum <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> perfectum, alexipharma<lb></lb>cum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001916">Igitur <expan abbr="medicamentũ">medicamentum</expan> ex ſanguinib. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001917">promptè venenis auxiliatur. </s> <s id="s.001918">Accipere autem <lb></lb>præſtat non ſolùm ciconias, ſed & anates: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> <lb></lb>hę deuorant ſcorpios ac rubetas. </s> <s id="s.001919">Accedit alia <lb></lb>ratio, quòd in ciconiis ſanguis talis iam eſt, <lb></lb>vt non à venenis patiatur: <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ideo ſimilem <lb></lb>in corpore noſtro retinens vim, vt ab illis <lb></lb>minus patiatur efficit. </s> <s id="s.001920">Dicemus autem & de <lb></lb>lapide, & de aliis inferius: ſed quod maxi<lb></lb>mum eſt, oleum eſt, quod arteriis illitum, ve<lb></lb>nena curat. </s> <s id="s.001921">Nec hoc eſt, de quo nuper dixi<lb></lb>mus, ſed eſt alterius generis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001922"><margin.target id="marg189"></margin.target>Venenum <lb></lb>quod ſtatim <lb></lb>occidit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001923"><margin.target id="marg190"></margin.target>Venena quæ <lb></lb>ad tempus <lb></lb>occidunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001924"><margin.target id="marg191"></margin.target>Fontis mira <lb></lb>proprietas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001925"><margin.target id="marg192"></margin.target>Hauſti tem<lb></lb>poranei ve<lb></lb>neni indicia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001926"><margin.target id="marg193"></margin.target>Venena eſſe <lb></lb>quæ actu ſo<lb></lb>lo occidant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001927"><margin.target id="marg194"></margin.target>Precatio ad<lb></lb>uerſus vene<lb></lb>na.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001928"><margin.target id="marg195"></margin.target>Mus & muſ<lb></lb>cæ napelli <lb></lb>fera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001929"><margin.target id="marg196"></margin.target>Ciconiæ ſan<lb></lb>guinem ve<lb></lb>neno ad ver<lb></lb>ſari vehe<lb></lb>menter de<lb></lb>monſtratur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001930">At poſtquam in hos ſermones incidimus, <lb></lb>haud abs re eſſe puto illud quærere: quonam <lb></lb>pacto oleum parari poſſit, quod illitum arte<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg197"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>riis cogat venenum extrudi vomitu, aut pur<lb></lb>gatione, vel ſudore, vel vrina. </s> <s id="s.001931">Certum eſt me<lb></lb>tallicum eſſe oportere, quod <expan abbr="validiſſimũ">validiſſimum</expan> eſſe <lb></lb>debet. </s> <s id="s.001932">Vidi ego <expan abbr="quandoq;">quandoque</expan> tale, & ſolo pon<lb></lb>dere quod eſſet metallicum haud dubiè con<lb></lb>iectaui. </s> <s id="s.001933">Oportet & ex veneni natura illud <lb></lb>eſſe: nam immodica caliditate, vt dictum eſt, <lb></lb>delet prius conceptam malam vim: & ſimili<lb></lb>tudine auocat exteriùs quod nocet, & con<lb></lb>trarietate pellit. </s> <s id="s.001934">Oportet & diſcutientem illi <lb></lb>non paruam ineſſe vim, & rurſus aduerſus <lb></lb>venena ipſa contrarietatem quandam, quæ <lb></lb>duo laſeris ſucco conueniunt. </s> <s id="s.001935">Igitur quę pro<lb></lb>pellere venenum debent, metallica eſſe vene<lb></lb>na neceſſe eſt: non in acerbiſſima & calidiſſi<lb></lb>ma & diſcutientia, & venenis quodammodo <lb></lb>contraria. </s> <s id="s.001936">Horum igitur materia his <expan abbr="cõſtare">conſtare</expan> <lb></lb>poteſt, Myſi & auripigmento, & laſeris ſuc<lb></lb>co, & gentiana, & pinguedine <expan abbr="ſerpentũ">ſerpentum</expan> ve<lb></lb>nenoſorum, & aconito: quòd ſi cuipiam terrę <lb></lb>ex his plura inſint, detractum oleum vi ignis <lb></lb>omnium erit pręſtantiſſimum, ſecuriſſimum, <lb></lb>& quod vomitu eiicit. </s> <s id="s.001937">In vniuerſum autem <lb></lb>metallica eſſe oportet, quæ valida <expan abbr="sũt">sunt</expan> & quę <lb></lb>illinuntur. </s> <s id="s.001938">Indicio verò terra eſt illa, quam <lb></lb>circulatores <expan abbr="deferũt">deferunt</expan> ex Melitea inſula, aduer<lb></lb>ſus ſerpentum morſus ictuſve: licet quidam <lb></lb>experto: dicant ſe oleum quod fit è ſcorpioni<lb></lb>bus & ſulphuræ, necnon chamælea <expan abbr="hyperi-cóq;">hyperi<lb></lb>cóque</expan> liberare à venenis illitum, ac peſte. </s> <s id="s.001939">Ac<lb></lb>cipiunt <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> ſcorpios viuaces <expan abbr="prægrandéſq;">prægrandéſque</expan>, <lb></lb>Caniculæ <expan abbr="tẽpore">tempore</expan>: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> tunc hoc animal eſt ſic<lb></lb>ciſſimum, vt reliqua etiam omnia. </s> <s id="s.001940">Siccitate <lb></lb><expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> venenum, vt docebimus, in ſerpentibus <lb></lb><expan abbr="cõſtat">conſtat</expan> Excalefaciunt igitur illos in ſartagine <lb></lb>igni ſuperpoſita donec ſudent, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ſic oleum <lb></lb>ſuperfuſum ſudore illorum <expan abbr="cõbibit">combibit</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001941">Sed & in <lb></lb>hoc oleo ſulphur metallicum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001942">Si igitur ex <lb></lb>Melitea illa terra <expan abbr="oleũ">oleum</expan> excipiatur, abundè vi<lb></lb>detur aduerſus <expan abbr="pleraq;">pleraque</expan> venena ſufficere: quo<lb></lb>niam metallica oportet eſſe & veneno præ<lb></lb>dita, quæ venenis aduerſantur. </s> <s id="s.001943">Quod enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg198"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>purgat <expan abbr="venenũ">venenum</expan>, <expan abbr="venenũ">venenum</expan> quaſi ſubſtantia eſſe <lb></lb>oportet: vt <expan abbr="rhabarbarũ">rhabarbarum</expan> cùm <expan abbr="bilẽ">bilem</expan> non purgat, <lb></lb>in illam vertitur. </s> <s id="s.001944">Hoc autem eſt ſubſtantia <lb></lb>tale eſte, quòd in id poteſt conuerti. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001945"><margin.target id="marg197"></margin.target>Oleum quod <lb></lb>illitum ve<lb></lb>nena propul<lb></lb>lus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001946"><margin.target id="marg198"></margin.target>Explicatio <lb></lb>ſententiæ <lb></lb>difficillimæ <lb></lb>5.de ſimplici <lb></lb>medie.c.18.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001947">At verò dubitabit aliquis, quonam pacto <lb></lb>ſola arteriarum illitione liceat venenum ex<lb></lb>trudere? </s> <s id="s.001948">& an hoc ſit præſtantiſſimum? </s> <s id="s.001949">Her<lb></lb>cules non dixerim <expan abbr="præſtantiſſimũ">præſtantiſſimum</expan> hoc ſenſu, <lb></lb>vt etiamſi præter id des in potu aut theria<lb></lb>cam, aut lac, aut <expan abbr="ſiccũ">ſiccum</expan> vomicæ nucis igne de<lb></lb>cerptum (hic aquam colore, non odore vel ſa<lb></lb>pore imitatur) vel aliud ſi quid habes me<lb></lb>lius, vt quod forſan quidam circulator aduer<lb></lb>ſus venena vendebat antidotum dum hæc <lb></lb>emendarem, quinetiam melius proficeret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001950">Illud benè auſim dicere, illitionem arteria<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg199"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum & admota exterius, eſſe his quæ bibun<lb></lb>tur præſtantiora ac validiora: hoc vno dun<lb></lb>taxat excepto, quòd venenum adhuc in ven<lb></lb>triculo maneat. </s> <s id="s.001951">Nam his quæ vomitum va<lb></lb>lidum prouocant, lac, lixiuium, oleum, aqua <lb></lb>nucis vomicæ, quam modò ſuccum diximus, <lb></lb>præſtantiſſima ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001952">Igitur in morſibus ve<lb></lb>nenatis, in aculeorum ictibus, in vnguentis <lb></lb>venenoſis, in potu veneni, quod ita ad præ<lb></lb>cordia penetrauerit, exterius adhibita auxi<lb></lb>lia validiora ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001953"><expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan> ſolent nonnulli exen<lb></lb>teratis mulis viuentibus ſe immittere: calor <lb></lb>enim ille auocat exterius venenum, ac illius <lb></lb>malitiam frangit. </s> <s id="s.001954">Occîdit etiam venenum vi <lb></lb>eius ad cor penetrante: at quæ illinuntur, ad <lb></lb>cor integris fermè facultatibus perueniunt <lb></lb>ac celerrimè: quæ verò bibuntur, præter id <lb></lb>quòd ſerò penetrant, <expan abbr="morámq;">morámque</expan> trahunt plu<lb></lb>rimam, in ventriculo primùm, inde in ve<lb></lb>nis quę ad iecur, pòſt in iecore, vltimò etiam <lb></lb>in dextro cordis ſinu, adeò retunduntur vi<lb></lb>ribus, vt vix veſtigium eo tempore quo ma<lb></lb>ximas eſſe oportebat, relinquatur. </s> <s id="s.001955">Er<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg200"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>go vt in argento viuo, & quo in tracta<lb></lb>tione de Indica lue actum eſt, ſcabies, pſo<lb></lb>ra, & lues Indica expellitur (quoniam ſub<lb></lb>tilitate penetrat, caliditate attenuat & <lb></lb>expellit (praua & noxia caliditate, eadem <lb></lb>in venenis ratione illita deferuntur per arte-<pb pagenum="400" xlink:href="016/01/049.jpg"></pb>rias in ſiniſtrum promptè cordis <expan abbr="ventriculũ">ventriculum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001956">Quòd autem vel ſic totum corpus immutare <lb></lb>poſſint, humoréſque omnes mouere, mutare, <lb></lb>eiicere, experimentum in Indica lue oſtendit, <lb></lb>vbi etiam oſſa ſi expediat propellit. </s> <s id="s.001957">At ſerò <lb></lb>tamen dices: hoc quidem, quia non in tenuis <lb></lb>olei formam redactum eſt, ſed ipſa argenti <lb></lb>viui ſubſtantia adhibetur, nec etiam præ<lb></lb>cordiis vt in venenis admouemus. </s> <s id="s.001958">Quonam <lb></lb>pacto autem arteriis illita tam promptè in <lb></lb>cor ferantur, hæc fermè verborum ſerie ex<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg201"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>plicuit Galenus: Aer qui noſtrum corpus cir<lb></lb>cumambit, intrò per corporis raritatem pe<lb></lb>netrat. </s> <s id="s.001959">Dum enim per os ſpiritus exhalat ex <lb></lb>corde, circunfuſus aër ab arteriarum oſculis <lb></lb>illius loco rapitur, fitque, licet non eodem <lb></lb>tempore, gemina in ſpiratio, altera ex ore, <lb></lb>altera ex arteriarum oſculis, quaſi alterna vi<lb></lb>ciſſitudine. </s> <s id="s.001960">Conſtat igitur, quod ſimili impe<lb></lb>tu hauriuntur à corde, inhæréntque firmiter, <lb></lb>quæ arteriis illinuntur, ſeu venena ſint, ſeu <lb></lb>venenorum auxilia, ſeu quæ venena propul<lb></lb>ſant. </s> <s id="s.001961">Verùm adeò vehementi vi hydrargy<lb></lb>rium ſorbetur ab humanis cordibus vt ex vl<lb></lb>ceribus capitis ex ore guttatim, tanquam è <lb></lb>pyxide decidens emanet: quamuis interitum <lb></lb>extinctúmque ſolis arteriis manuum ac pe<lb></lb>dum illitum fuerit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001962"><margin.target id="marg199"></margin.target>Quomodo il<lb></lb>lita arteriis <lb></lb>curent vene<lb></lb>na, & ſca<lb></lb>biem ac ta<lb></lb>lia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001963"><margin.target id="marg200"></margin.target>Lib.4.c.1.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001964"><margin.target id="marg201"></margin.target>S. de doctri<lb></lb>na Hipp. & <lb></lb>Plat.cap.20.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001965">Tranſtulit nimis nos longè à propoſito <lb></lb>orationis <expan abbr="cõtinuitas">continuitas</expan>, ſiquidem quòd moueri <lb></lb>ſemper aërem in his locis vbi liber eſt, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> <lb></lb>ideo in ſuperiore regione, ea hoc oſtendere <lb></lb>conabamur, quòd quieſcens putreſcat: ex hoc <lb></lb>inde in peſtis narrationem prolapſi, nec re<lb></lb>uocati, quin potius ex illa in venenorum hi<lb></lb>ſtoriam delapſi, quanquam non inutilem, <expan abbr="lõ-gè">lon<lb></lb>gè</expan> tamen (vt dixi) à propoſito aberrauimus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg202"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Igitur reuocandus eſt ſtylus ad aëris motum, <lb></lb>ac quietem. </s> <s id="s.001966">Refert Solinus, <expan abbr="Olympũ">Olympum</expan> Theſ<lb></lb>ſaliæ montem adeò in ſublime ferri, vt pera<lb></lb>ctis anniuerſario die ſacrificiis, cineres im<lb></lb>moti <expan abbr="maneãt">maneant</expan> <expan abbr="vſq;">vſque</expan> in ſequens <expan abbr="ſacrificiũ">ſacrificium</expan>, quòd <lb></lb>toto anno montis vertex ob altitudinem <expan abbr="vẽ-torum">ven<lb></lb>torum</expan> expers ſit. </s> <s id="s.001967">Quòd ſi hæc cauſa eſt, cur <lb></lb>non Caucaſo idem eueniet monti, qui Alba<lb></lb>nos & Colchidem à Sarmatia diſterminat? <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg203"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quem refert Ariſtoteles tantæ eſſe altitudi<lb></lb>nis, vt videatur ex oſtio Mæotidis paludis, & <lb></lb>Solem in vertice <expan abbr="vſq;">vſque</expan> ad tertiam noctis <expan abbr="partẽ">partem</expan> <lb></lb>radiis <expan abbr="illũ">illum</expan> illuſtrantibus oſtendat: quod ſphę<lb></lb>ræ ratio quanquam non patiatur, haud ne<lb></lb>gauerim tamen altiſſimum hunc eſſe <expan abbr="montẽ">montem</expan>, <lb></lb><expan abbr="cuíq;">cuíque</expan> hoc eadem ratione quod de Olympo <lb></lb>dictum eſt, debeat conuenire. </s> <s id="s.001968">Idem eueniet <lb></lb>monti qui in Teneriffa eſt. </s> <s id="s.001969">Inſula hæc eſt vna <lb></lb>è ſeptem quas Fortunatas Ptolemæus appel<lb></lb>lat, vltra Herculis <expan abbr="colũnas">columnas</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001970">Nam ſi fas eſt cre<lb></lb>dere, ad 6000. paſſuum attolli affirmant, cuſ<lb></lb>pide etiam in adamantis formam. </s> <s id="s.001971">In Beregua <lb></lb>etiam 50000. paſſ. </s> <s id="s.001972">& in Gaira niuibus tegi <lb></lb>montium cacumnia, cum tamen partib. </s> <s id="s.001973">tan<lb></lb>tùm 10. ab æquatore diſtet. </s> <s id="s.001974"><expan abbr="Vtraq;">Vtraque</expan> Prouincia <lb></lb>iuxta Pariam poſita eſt. </s> <s id="s.001975">Eſt & mons alius in <lb></lb>Mauritania Tingitana, Africæ prouincia, <lb></lb>qui olim ob altitudinem Solis, nunc autem <lb></lb>ab incolis Hanteta dicitur. </s> <s id="s.001976">Et rurſus in An<lb></lb>gote Æthiopiæ regione mons altiſſimus eſt: <lb></lb>eadem igitur his omnibus contingerent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001977">Ego verò moueri aërem illic certò ſcio ra<lb></lb>tione dicta. </s> <s id="s.001978">Sed ſi modò cineres non euertit, <lb></lb>id fieri poteſt, quòd tenuiſſimus ſit aër, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> <lb></lb>etiam ob id ſaluberrimus: <expan abbr="conuenítq;">conuenítque</expan> hoc his <lb></lb>quæ de Atho monte, ſi modò Solino vlla po<lb></lb>teſt adhiberi fides, ille idem narrat. </s> <s id="s.001979">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>fabuloſa illa exiſtimas, iam nihil habes ad<lb></lb>uerſum nos. </s> <s id="s.001980">Itaque ſcripſit ille, Athon mon<lb></lb>tem Macedoniæ, qui inter ſex altiores <lb></lb>mundi montes adnumerari debet: nec ſatis <lb></lb>conſtat quo ordine inter illos ſit cenſendus, <lb></lb>arcem Acroathon in vertice habere, cuius <lb></lb>incolæ dimidio plus cæteris mortalibus vi<lb></lb>uunt, nec ibi cineres aut aquis dilui, aut <expan abbr="vẽ-tis">ven<lb></lb>tis</expan> euolui: cui etiam ſententiæ de vitæ diu<lb></lb>turnitate quaſi Mela Pomponius ſubſcribit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001981">Idem & de cineribus eadem affirmat: quare <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg204"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non immotum aerem, ſed ſi ita eſt, leniter <lb></lb>motum purum ac tenuiſſimum eſſe oportet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001982">Nam iſtud ſatis conſtat, aërem cum quieſcit <lb></lb>putreſcere: velut & terram, cum concutitur, <lb></lb>conteri. </s> <s id="s.001983">Concutitur autem terra trib. </s> <s id="s.001984">modis, <lb></lb>inclinatione, ſucceſſione, vibratione. </s> <s id="s.001985">Vibra<lb></lb>tio periculo vacat, ſucceſſio nunquam, ſed ra<lb></lb>rò etiam ruina vacat. </s> <s id="s.001986">Inclinatio verò, ruinæ <lb></lb>comes eſt: vidi <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> & <expan abbr="inclinationẽ">inclinationem</expan> abſque <lb></lb>ruina. </s> <s id="s.001987">Contingunt autem præter hæc, ſed ex <lb></lb>his, mira quædam quæ diuinitùs procedere <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg205"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fruſtrà creduntur, velut & <expan abbr="pleraq;">pleraque</expan> alia: qualia <lb></lb>ſunt ortus lacuum, & frequentius fontium, <lb></lb>recurſus <expan abbr="fluminũ">fluminum</expan> ad ſuperiora: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> hic fit par<lb></lb>te <expan abbr="illorũ">illorum</expan> ſuperiore in terræmotu inclinata, vel <lb></lb>tota alueo vibrata: & mugitus <expan abbr="quidã">quidam</expan> vel boa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg206"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tus horrendi, <expan abbr="incõditæq;">inconditæque</expan> voces quaſi gemitus <lb></lb>in prælio <expan abbr="cadentiũ">cadentium</expan>, & <expan abbr="malorũ">malorum</expan> ſonitus ſpontè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001988">Referuntur <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> hæc inter prodigia, vt an. <lb></lb>1224. quo propter <expan abbr="terræmotũ">terræmotum</expan> omnia hæc <expan abbr="cõ-tigerunt">con<lb></lb>tigerunt</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001989">Sed nullum fuit prodigium, niſi hoc <lb></lb>vnum, terram tam vehementer tremuiſſe, vt <lb></lb>omnia hæc fuerint ſubſecuta. </s> <s id="s.001990">Nam cùm hoc <lb></lb>euenerit, contingent & illa. </s> <s id="s.001991">At hoc forſan <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>poteſt <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> prodigio euenire, <expan abbr="quãuis">quamuis</expan> conſtet <lb></lb>hæc naturalib. cauſis fieri. </s> <s id="s.001992">Fit auté <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> mate<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg207"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ria quæ vri apta eſt: vritur ſulphur, ſal, <expan abbr="nitrũ">nitrum</expan>, <lb></lb>ſeu <expan abbr="halinitrũ">halinitrum</expan>, & <expan abbr="bitumẽ">bitumen</expan>. </s> <s id="s.001993">Cùm enim hæc ac<lb></lb>cenduntur, nec exitum inueniunt, vt in cuni<lb></lb>culis, machiniſve, terram mouent & qua<lb></lb>tiunt, peſſimè quidem halinitro, mediocriter <lb></lb>bitumine, tenuiter ſulphure. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001994"><margin.target id="marg202"></margin.target>Montes to<lb></lb>tius orbis al<lb></lb>tiſſimi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001995"><margin.target id="marg203"></margin.target>Meteor 13.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001996"><margin.target id="marg204"></margin.target>Lib.2.c.2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001997"><margin.target id="marg205"></margin.target><expan abbr="Terræmotuũ">Terræmotuum</expan> <lb></lb>differentiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001998"><margin.target id="marg206"></margin.target>Terræmotus <lb></lb>miracula.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.001999"><margin.target id="marg207"></margin.target>Terræmotus <lb></lb>cauſæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002000">Vnde hîc rurſus quæſtio oritur: cur halini<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg208"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>trum cùm difficiliùs vratur ac ſegnius quam <lb></lb>ſulphur, <expan abbr="attamẽ">attamen</expan> magis <expan abbr="cõcutit">concutit</expan> & quatit ma<lb></lb>chinas, & maiorem facit <expan abbr="ſtrepitũ">ſtrepitum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.002001">Cauſa eſt, <lb></lb>quoniam <expan abbr="halinitrũ">halinitrum</expan> ſiccius eſt, ideo etiam cùm <lb></lb>purum fuerit, celerius ardet: nec ſegnius vri<lb></lb>tur, niſi quia eſt <expan abbr="impurũ">impurum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.002002">Sed dum purum eſt, <lb></lb>cùm ſiccum ſit, momento ardet. </s> <s id="s.002003">Non ſic ſul<lb></lb>phur, pingue enim cùm ſit, mora vt ardeat <lb></lb>indiget. </s> <s id="s.002004">A ſia cauſa eſt, quòd cùm terreum ſit, <lb></lb>maius dum in flammam conuertitur occupat <lb></lb>ſpatium: ideo duplici cauſa, & quòd celerius <lb></lb>ardet, & quòd terreum ac denſum eſt, atque <lb></lb>ob id maius occupat ſpatium, maiorem ſul<lb></lb>phuræ impetum facit. </s> <s id="s.002005">Nam ſulphur, vt infrà <lb></lb>oſtendemus, pingue eſt & aëreum, & mini<lb></lb>mè terreum. </s> <s id="s.002006">Conſtat halinitrum denſa ac <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg209"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tenuiſſima ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.002007">Purgatur autem hoc <lb></lb>modo, vt Vannotius Biringutius docet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002008">Cineris, oſſium oliuarum partes tres, cal<lb></lb>cis viuæ vnam, aluminis liquidi partem <lb></lb>mediam & quartam, aqùæ partes 120. fer<lb></lb>ueant & coquantur, donec dimidium fermè <pb pagenum="401" xlink:href="016/01/050.jpg"></pb>decreſcat: huius poſtmodum aquæ percolatę, <lb></lb>libræ duæ vel quatuor halinitro dum cogi<lb></lb>tur aqua feruente adduntur, eo tempore quo <lb></lb>vehementi æſtu ſpuma è cacabo exilire vi<lb></lb>detur. </s> <s id="s.002009">Alius nobilior modus, ſed damnoſior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002010">Vaſe ferreo halinitrum excipitur, vaſa fer<lb></lb>reo etiam tegitur: admotis prunis adeò tor<lb></lb>retur, donec liqueſcat: ſi non perfectè liqua<lb></lb>tum fuerit, quod deprehenditur ſemoto teg<lb></lb>mine adhuc repoſito tandiu ignibus vrgea<lb></lb>tur, donec liqueſcat perfectè: pòſt tenuiſſimo <lb></lb>ſulphuris pulueris inſpergatur, qui ſi non <lb></lb>ſpontè accenditur, accendatur. </s> <s id="s.002011">Permittatur <lb></lb>igitur quidquid eſt pingue exurere, hoc enim <lb></lb>ſupernatat: inde amotum ab igne, fæce terrea <lb></lb>in fundo relicta, totum cogitur in candidi <lb></lb>marmoris ſpeciem. </s> <s id="s.002012">Palam igitur eſt, quic<lb></lb>quid pingue eſt, celeri vſtioni reſiſtere: bitu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg210"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>men ſalis aliquid continet, ob id magis ſuc<lb></lb>cutit quam ſulphur purum. </s> <s id="s.002013">Succuſſio omnis <lb></lb>aliquid habet maius ſimplici ictu, vnde fit <lb></lb>vt quæ tremulo ictu percutiuntur, faciliùs <lb></lb>frangantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002014"><margin.target id="marg208"></margin.target>Cur halini<lb></lb>trum maio<lb></lb>rem ſtrepitum <lb></lb>ſulphuræ fa<lb></lb>cit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002015"><margin.target id="marg209"></margin.target>Halinitrire. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002016">purgatio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002017"><margin.target id="marg210"></margin.target>Tremuli mo<lb></lb>tus effectus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002018">Iam primum hoc experimenta docent. </s> <s id="s.002019"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb></lb>ſi gladium perſico infigas, & illud ſuſpendas <lb></lb>manu, <expan abbr="baculóq;">baculóque</expan> percutias gladium, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſolùm <lb></lb>perſicum, ſed & nucleum leui ictu diuides: <lb></lb>hoc enim ſæpius expertus ſum. </s> <s id="s.002020">Quinetiam fe<lb></lb>runt, crure bouis (oſſe ſcilicet) paleæ cumulo <lb></lb>ſuperimpoſito: inde oſſi ſuperpoſita ſecuri: <lb></lb>icta ſecuri faſciculo paleæ os ipſum confrin<lb></lb>gi: quod verum eſſe etſi mirum ſit, conſtat <lb></lb>tamen tremulo ictu validiſſimam vim ineſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002021">Quærendum igitur quam ob cauſam Ratio, <lb></lb>vt mihi videtur, altera harum eſt, vel ambæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002022">Prima, quod ſi tabulæ ſolidæ ſuperſtet quod <lb></lb>percutitur, reſiſtente tabula denſius redditur <lb></lb>quod percutitur, & pars ipſa quæ ictum ex<lb></lb>cipit: quare ictui minimè cedit, denſum enim <lb></lb>quò denſius eſt, eò difficilius diuiditur: at ſi <lb></lb>molli ſtrato, vt lectulo, aut paleæ, aut nulli rei <lb></lb>penitus <expan abbr="incũbat">incumbat</expan>, non denſari poteſt, ſed de<lb></lb>hiſcit <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> fatiſcit. </s> <s id="s.002023">Ob hoc quæ ſicca ſunt, ſic <lb></lb>faciliùs diuiduntur. </s> <s id="s.002024">Cauſa alia eſt, quòd in <lb></lb>tremulo ictu redit quod percutitur, nondum <lb></lb>finito priore ictu: quare ſi redire debet altero <lb></lb>ictu <expan abbr="manẽte">manente</expan>, quod percutitur omninò diuidi <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.002025">Ob id ſi longus ſit gladius, vehe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg211"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="mẽtius">mentius</expan> repercutitur & <expan abbr="cõgeminabitur">congeminabitur</expan> ictus, <lb></lb>quare faciliùs diuidetur. </s> <s id="s.002026">Quòd ſi latior ſit <lb></lb>gladius artificiosè formatus, & ictus in extre<lb></lb>mo, vehementer repercutietur, quia multum <lb></lb>excipit aëre, ideóque duriſſima diuidet. </s> <s id="s.002027">Alia <lb></lb>ratione barbari gladios incuruos fingunt, in <lb></lb>quorum dorſo cauitas eſt, in quam argentum <lb></lb>viuum imponunt, quod dum iuxta capulum <lb></lb>ſubſidet, leuiſſimum enſem reddit: cum <expan abbr="deſ-cẽdit">deſ<lb></lb>cendit</expan>, grauitate ac celeritate adeò ictus adau<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg212"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>get, vt ſi acies firma ſit, arma diuidat. </s> <s id="s.002028">Neque <lb></lb>hoc enſis genere, ſi modò robur vtenti adſit, <lb></lb>& chalybs durus ac tenax, violentius quic<lb></lb>quam ad hominum vſum poteſt excogitari. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002029">Inde ſerræ ratio deducta. </s> <s id="s.002030">Fit hæc, vt <expan abbr="cuiq;">cuique</expan> no<lb></lb>tum eſt, alternatis dentibus. </s> <s id="s.002031">Diuidit <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> hac <lb></lb>ratione: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> produci poſſunt <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> extendi quæ<lb></lb>cunque rationem cognitam habent. </s> <s id="s.002032">In illa <lb></lb>igitur partes duæ ſunt, inanis & ſolida. </s> <s id="s.002033">Solida <lb></lb>inflecti ſolet. </s> <s id="s.002034">Duo igitur dubitatione digna <lb></lb>videntur: alterum, cur inane impetum addat: <lb></lb>reliquum, cur obliquitas ad celeritatem ſcin<lb></lb>dendi multum conferat. </s> <s id="s.002035">Inde videbimus, cur <lb></lb>& quam longiores & tenuiores dentes, ac ra<lb></lb>riores fiant: <expan abbr="quandoq;">quandoque</expan> autem craſſiores, ſpiſ<lb></lb>ſiores, & breuiores, vt in lima: nam lima eſt <lb></lb>ſerra, breuibus frequentibus & obtuſioribus <lb></lb>dentibus prædita: vt ſerra lima eſt, longis, ra<lb></lb>ris & acutis dentibus elaborata. </s> <s id="s.002036"><expan abbr="Atq;">Atque</expan> in vtro<lb></lb>que genere eſt diſcrimen: nam ſerra ſerra eſt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg213"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rarior & acutior, & lima lima dentes habet <lb></lb>magis obtuſos, frequentiores & breuiores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002037">Simul etiam illud conſiderandum, an hæc ſe <lb></lb>conſequantur, ſcilicet gratia exempli, breues <lb></lb>& frequentes, & obtuſi dentes, an verò alia <lb></lb>alium finem habeant. </s> <s id="s.002038">Videntur igitur <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> <lb></lb>inanitatis illius tria eſſe commoda Primum, <lb></lb>quòd impetum acquirat caſu: nam aër (vt do<lb></lb>cuimus (motum cit & adiuuat: fit enim caſus <lb></lb>per inane, & impetus augetur. </s> <s id="s.002039">Secundum, <lb></lb>quòd ferrum refrigeretur. </s> <s id="s.002040">Nam ferrum ſi <lb></lb>vndique claudatur, incaleſcit, dum incaleſ<lb></lb>cit, molle redditur & flectitur, <expan abbr="vímq;">vímque</expan> totam <lb></lb>amittit. </s> <s id="s.002041">Tertium, quòd ea diuiſione dentes <lb></lb>obliqui fieri poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.002042">Quòd ſi integrum ma<lb></lb>neat, nec obliquitas illa admitti poterit: nec <lb></lb>ſi admittatur, ad <expan abbr="vsũ">vsum</expan> perduci: & ſi perducatur, <lb></lb>manere nequeat. </s> <s id="s.002043">Obliquitatis verò duo ſunt <lb></lb>commoda: alterum, vt ſcobi puteat exitus, re<lb></lb>liquum vt dentes faciliùs diducantur latiore <lb></lb>ſciſſura. </s> <s id="s.002044">Nam ſi ſciſſura latior ſit ob dentium <lb></lb>magnitudinem, attamen difficulter ſerra mo<lb></lb>uebitur, ſciſſura arctè dentes amplectente. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002045">Eſt & aliud commodum, quòd non adeò ſer<lb></lb>ra caleſcat. </s> <s id="s.002046">Vbi igitur molle eſt quod ſcindi<lb></lb>tur, raris dentibus & acutis <expan abbr="longioribúſq;">longioribúſque</expan> ac <lb></lb>obliquis mult vtemur. </s> <s id="s.002047">Vbi prædurum <expan abbr="lignũ">lignum</expan>, <lb></lb>ſerra breues habebit dentes, <expan abbr="minúſq;">minúſque</expan> acutos <lb></lb>tum frequentiores & minus obliquos. </s> <s id="s.002048">Si ve<lb></lb>rò ferrum ſecare expediat, dentibus opus erit <lb></lb>craſſioribus ne rumpantur, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> breuioribus <lb></lb>tum rectioribus. </s> <s id="s.002049">Sed quia tales exiguum opus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg214"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ac ſerò perficiunt, frequentes efficimus. </s> <s id="s.002050">Et <lb></lb>hoc (vt dixi) genus ſerræ, lima vocatur. </s> <s id="s.002051">Magis <lb></lb>autem in chalybe hæc obſeruanda erunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002052">Grauitas etiam in his magis neceſſaria eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002053">Leuitas in ſerra, nam in ea celeritatem quæ<lb></lb>rimus. </s> <s id="s.002054"><expan abbr="Quæcunq;">Quæcunque</expan> igitur rara, longa, acuta, <lb></lb>obliqua, leuia, in mollibus meliora. </s> <s id="s.002055">Tot igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg215"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur <expan abbr="tantáq;">tantáque</expan> ſunt inanitatis & obliquitatis in <lb></lb>ſerris commoda. </s> <s id="s.002056">Sed in lima, cùm (vt dixi) <lb></lb>paruo labore ducatur, dentes ſecundum lati<lb></lb>tudinem multiplices fecerunt. </s> <s id="s.002057">Sæpius enim <lb></lb>repetitum eſt, quæ breui finem aſſequuntur, <lb></lb>viribus maioribus indigere: quæ viribus in<lb></lb>digent exiguis longius tempus expoſcere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002058">Fiunt & in hoc genere limæ ſurdæ, quoniam <lb></lb>tenuiſſimæ, & aqua ſeparationis imbuuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002059">Aqua ſectionem iuuat, & ſtrepitum minuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002060">Verùm optimæ ex his forcipis formam refe<lb></lb>runt: vix enim fieri poteſt, vt quæ liberè ſu<lb></lb>perducitur ſtrepitum non edat. </s> <s id="s.002061">Aſtricta verò <lb></lb>hoc modo cum non ſubſiliat vel rodendo, vel <lb></lb>incidendo <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> ſtrepitu ſecat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002062"><margin.target id="marg211"></margin.target>Gladij ar<lb></lb>ma diuiden<lb></lb>tis conſtru<lb></lb>ctio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002063"><margin.target id="marg212"></margin.target><figure id="id.016.01.050.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/050/1.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002064"><margin.target id="marg213"></margin.target>Serræ ratio</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002065"><margin.target id="marg214"></margin.target>Limæ ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002066"><margin.target id="marg215"></margin.target><figure id="id.016.01.050.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/050/2.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002067">Sed iam ad terræmotus ſigna redeo, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg216"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quandoquidem cáuſas & ſpecies explicaſ<lb></lb>ſe memini. </s> <s id="s.002068">Cum aquæ puteorum ſulphur <lb></lb>metallicumve aliud quid redolent, aut titu<lb></lb>bant, aut turbantur, aut incaleſcunt, aut ſic<lb></lb>cantur præter rationem, terræmotum im<lb></lb>minere prænuntiat. </s> <s id="s.002069">Sic feruntur Ana<lb></lb>ximander ac Pherecydes motum terræ <pb pagenum="402" xlink:href="016/01/051.jpg"></pb>imminentem ſuis quiſque temporibus præ<lb></lb>dixiſſe. </s> <s id="s.002070">Nec <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> ratione: nam halitus terræ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg217"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>facilius longè, atque ideo etiam celerius <lb></lb>aquas inficere poſſunt, quam tam immen<lb></lb>ſum pondus concutere. </s> <s id="s.002071">Nec tamen totam <lb></lb>quati terram exiſtimes: nam referunt, nun<lb></lb>quam Ægyptum tremuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.002072">Nam nec ſolida, <lb></lb>quod aërem non concipiant: nec limoſa, <lb></lb>qualis Ægyptus, quòd armis careant: nec <lb></lb>arenoſa, quòd perſpirent, terræmotu concu<lb></lb>tiuntur tamen quædam ex his, quòd profun<lb></lb>da terræ ſuperficiei non ſunt ſimilia. </s> <s id="s.002073">Ex ter<lb></lb>ræ motibus montes quandoque fiunt: nan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg218"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que illorum triplex origo: aut enim tumet <lb></lb>terra motibus crebris agitata, ac velut veſi<lb></lb>cis è corpore naſcentibus montes parit, vt <lb></lb>iuxta Auernum lacum mons nomine Mo<lb></lb>dernus in Campania: aut congeſta humo à <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg219"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ventis, vt ſæpe in Africa: aut, quod proprium <lb></lb>quaſi eſt ac frequentiſſimum, cum aquis cur<lb></lb>rentibus, aut etiam mari terra demolitur, la<lb></lb>pidibus relictis: nam aqua fluminis in val<lb></lb>lem deſcendit, & mons ipſe lapideus exur<lb></lb>git à valle, ideóque montes omnes quaſi ſa<lb></lb>xei ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002074">Illorum autem ſublimitas à reliquo <lb></lb>ſolo eſt, quoniam agri in dies à pluuiis exe<lb></lb>duntur, & terra ipſa fatiſcit: lapides verò <lb></lb>præterquam quòd non fatiſcunt, etiam ple<lb></lb>runque creſcunt, vt inferius oſtendemus. </s> <s id="s.002075">Ve<lb></lb>rùm valles aquis ac torrentibus excauantur, <lb></lb>atque ideo humiliores ſunt etiam agris ac <lb></lb>planis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg220"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002076"><margin.target id="marg216"></margin.target>Terræmotus <lb></lb>ſigna.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002077"><margin.target id="marg217"></margin.target>Quæ nun<lb></lb>quam terræ<lb></lb>motu infe<lb></lb>ſtentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002078"><margin.target id="marg218"></margin.target>Montes quo<lb></lb>modo orian<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002079"><margin.target id="marg219"></margin.target>Cur montes <lb></lb>ex lapidibus <lb></lb>conſtent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002080"><margin.target id="marg220"></margin.target>Scopuli quo<lb></lb>modo fiant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002081">Inſularum <lb></lb>ortus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002082">In mari verò ſcopuli eadem ratione con<lb></lb>ſtant: atque ex inſulis exeſa terra à fluctibus <lb></lb>oriuntur: iidem accedente terra, aut intumeſ<lb></lb>cente, in inſulas euadunt. </s> <s id="s.002083">Ob id pleræque <lb></lb>inſulæ montibus abundant: quod ſi mare ſic<lb></lb>cetur, ſcopuli in montes euadunt. </s> <s id="s.002084">Ob id ni<lb></lb>hil mirum in montibus iuxta mare inueniri <lb></lb>nauium partes, & oſtrea, atque conchylia. <arrow.to.target n="marg221"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Quid enim hoc aliud eſt, quam montes illos <lb></lb>olim fuiſſe maris ſcopulos, aut aliquanto <lb></lb>inundationem aliquam grauem præceſſiſſe? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002085">Et quanquam montes aquarum iniuriis ſæpè <lb></lb>reſiſtant, cadunt tamen quandoque, aqua il<lb></lb>lorum radices erodiente: ſed hoc rarum, ac <lb></lb>paruis montibus ſolum contingit: ruunt ta<lb></lb>men terræmotu, & terra dehiſcente, ob gra<lb></lb>uitatem in ima deſcendunt: alij mari ſenſim <lb></lb>corripiuntur. </s> <s id="s.002086">Franguntur & ventis validis ac <lb></lb>frigoribus, vt non tutum ſit iuxta rupes & <lb></lb>ſub eis eſſe. </s> <s id="s.002087">Colles etiam humana ſedulitas <lb></lb>quandoque æquat. </s> <s id="s.002088">Ferunt Annibalem Al<lb></lb>pium iuga aceto calido diſſipaſſe. </s> <s id="s.002089">Sed mini<lb></lb>ma res hæc fuit, ſi ad montes reſpicimus: ſi <lb></lb>ad commodum, magna. </s> <s id="s.002090">Montibus quaſi ſpe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg222"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cus ipſi opponuntur. </s> <s id="s.002091">Fiunt terræmotu in ari<lb></lb>do facto dehiſcente terra, item aquis per <lb></lb>montium occulta decurrentibus vnde in ali<lb></lb>quibus flumina ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002092">Fiunt & exhalatione <lb></lb>ignea: quæ lapides tum vrit, tum excedit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg223"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tum expellit. </s> <s id="s.002093">Vnde plures ſpecus ſunt mor<lb></lb>tiferum exhalantes, velut Plutonium os, <lb></lb>quod iuxta Hierapolim Phrygiæ in monto<lb></lb>ſa quadam agri parte poſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002094">Os eius in <lb></lb>colle quodam ſitum, qui iugeri magnitudi<lb></lb>nem æquat, ſeptíſque cingitur quadratis: <lb></lb>quæ adeò terra calligine obducuntur, vt vix <lb></lb>cerni queant. </s> <s id="s.002095">Ipſum os hominem capere po<lb></lb>teſt, in quod ſi taurus immittatur ilicóque <lb></lb>extrahatur, mortuus inuenitur. </s> <s id="s.002096">Cum Strabo <lb></lb>paſſerculos immiſiſſet, mortuos ſtatim ex<lb></lb>traxit. </s> <s id="s.002097">Solis Magnæ matris ſacerdotibus, <lb></lb>quòd remedio ipſis duntaxat cognito vte<lb></lb>rentur, innoxius: nec aërem dum inſpicerent, <lb></lb>inſpirant hi. </s> <s id="s.002098">Quidam quod erecti eſſent, to<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg224"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lerare poſſe crediderunt ſacerdotes. </s> <s id="s.002099">Sunt ta<lb></lb>men aduerſus hanc iniuriam & auxilia & <lb></lb>cautiones. </s> <s id="s.002100">Nam ſi <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt ſuperius diximus) fla<lb></lb>bella adhibeantur, duplici commodo nos af<lb></lb>ficiet. </s> <s id="s.002101">Primum, quòd aërem à vaporibus mo<lb></lb>tu ipſo repurgabunt. </s> <s id="s.002102">Secundum, quòd faces <lb></lb>ardere cogent, nec permittent extingui: qui<lb></lb>bus nullus eſt aër tam noxius, qui non repur<lb></lb>getur. </s> <s id="s.002103">Cautio autem eſt, quoniam cum faces <lb></lb>abſque vento extinguuntur, ſatius eſt non <lb></lb>ingredi: extialis enim loci hoc firmiſſimum <lb></lb>eſt ſignum. </s> <s id="s.002104">Sed nullibi plures tales ſpecus <lb></lb>quam in Italia inueniuntur. </s> <s id="s.002105">Vnus inter Nea<lb></lb>polim & Puteolos, vbi via ad paludem Agna<lb></lb>ni inflectitur. </s> <s id="s.002106">Lædunt hi caput maximè, tum <lb></lb>quia imbecillius ſit corde, tum quia ſepto <lb></lb>careat quod arcet prauos vapores: nam pul<lb></lb>monis ſubſtantiam tranſire cogitur aër qui <lb></lb>cor ingreditur Oſtendit autem hoc & mor<lb></lb>borum genus: nam quia immittuntur, prius <lb></lb>tremunt, inde <expan abbr="ſẽnſum">ſenſum</expan> & motum amittunt, <lb></lb>pòſt attoniti expirant, & qui euaſerint tu<lb></lb>ment, tument etiam qui moriuntur. </s> <s id="s.002107">Nec ſo<lb></lb>lum peſtiferi ſunt ſpecus, ſed quidam etiam <lb></lb>ſalutares, quibus ſi quis rectè vtatur, ad de<lb></lb>ploratos morbos viam mudelæ quandoque <lb></lb>inuenire poterit, vt in Baianis, Cumaníſque <lb></lb>montibus Salueatæ ſudarium, in monte quod <lb></lb>vulgus vocat Tritulum. </s> <s id="s.002108">Sunt & qui fatidi<lb></lb>cum inſpirent, vt olim de Delphico ſcripſiſ<lb></lb>ſe ex ſententia Philoſophorum meminimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002109">In vniuerſum plerunque ſpecuum vis huma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg225"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>no generi aduerſatur, & veneni vicem poſſi<lb></lb>det. </s> <s id="s.002110">Nam que ſi halitus ille lapides & duriſſi<lb></lb>ma ſaxa exedere potuit, quam vim in mor<lb></lb>tales ipſos obtinebit? </s> <s id="s.002111">Indicium tamen ſecuri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg226"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tatis eſt, <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan> dulcium ac ſalutarium per <lb></lb>illos decurſus, herbarúmque ac arborum fa<lb></lb>miliarium in labro luxuria. </s> <s id="s.002112">Sed hi quoque <lb></lb>ferarum & ſerpentum ſunt hoſpitia. </s> <s id="s.002113">Præfer<lb></lb>tur omnium conſenſu Corycium antrum, <lb></lb>magnitudine primò, inde commoditate: nam <lb></lb>ad illud muli onuſti perueniunt: vmbra den<lb></lb>ſiſſima, aquis irriguum, amœnitate ſingula<lb></lb>ri, vt quòd perpetuò vireat. </s> <s id="s.002114">Iuxta id naſci<lb></lb>tur crocus toto orbe celeberrimus. </s> <s id="s.002115">In Cilicia <lb></lb>eſt iuxta Corycum oppidum. </s> <s id="s.002116">Videntur au<lb></lb>tem ſpecus amœniſſini eſſe, vmbra, aura, <lb></lb>fontibus, receſſu, viriditate: hic cùm inter <lb></lb>alios amœniſſimus ſit, totius orbis partem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg227"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>elegantiſſimam eſſe conſtat. </s> <s id="s.002117">Sub innoxiis <lb></lb>ſpecubus atque profundis quid iaceat, forſi<lb></lb>tan quiſpiam ſcire cupiat. </s> <s id="s.002118">Referunt Philip<lb></lb>pum olim regem, cùm metallica magni pretij <lb></lb>quæ iam deſierant, quæri iuſſiſſet diligenter, <lb></lb>immiſſis per montis aditum hominibus, cum <lb></lb>cibo atque luminibus, renunciaſſe inuenta <lb></lb>ibi flumina, tum aquarum ſtantium lacus, <lb></lb>qui terra non premerentur, ſed aëre caligi<lb></lb>noſo atque obſcuro. </s> <s id="s.002119">Atque eadem fermè eſt <lb></lb>ſententia Ioannis Leonis geographi. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002120"><margin.target id="marg221"></margin.target>Montes quo<lb></lb>modo orian<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002121"><margin.target id="marg222"></margin.target>Specus cau<lb></lb>ſæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002122"><margin.target id="marg223"></margin.target>Specus vi<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002123"><margin.target id="marg224"></margin.target>Specus in<lb></lb>trantib. </s> <s id="s.002124">præ<lb></lb>ſidia aduer<lb></lb>ſus aërem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002125"><margin.target id="marg225"></margin.target>Specuum co<lb></lb>gnitio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002126"><margin.target id="marg226"></margin.target>Antrum Go<lb></lb>rycium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002127"><margin.target id="marg227"></margin.target>Quid ſub <lb></lb>terra.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002128">Sed quid ego ima nunc atque abdita ſcru<lb></lb>tor? </s> <s id="s.002129">locus dabitur in quo hæc tractare con<lb></lb>ueniet, nunc quæ toti propria ſunt conſi-<pb pagenum="403" xlink:href="016/01/052.jpg"></pb>deremus. </s> <s id="s.002130">Terra toto ſtabilis eſt, rotunda at<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg228"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que in medio mundi: hæc autem à Mathe<lb></lb>maticis demonſtrantur. </s> <s id="s.002131">Nec enim plus tota <lb></lb>terra loco moueri poteſt, quam cœlum quieſ<lb></lb>cere: nec montes terræ rotunditatem vllo mo<lb></lb>do vitiant. </s> <s id="s.002132">Nam nullus mons, etſi multa ſcri<lb></lb>ptores fabulentur, totius dimentientis terræ <lb></lb>milleſimam partem altitudine ſua obtinet. </s> <s id="s.002133">Sic <lb></lb><expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> Mathematici terræ totius <expan abbr="ambitũ">ambitum</expan> ac di<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg229"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="metientẽ">metientem</expan> <expan abbr="inuenerũt">inuenerunt</expan>. </s> <s id="s.002134">Vel enim per Lunæ <expan abbr="defe-ctushorarũ">defe<lb></lb>ctus horarum</expan> diſtantiam in eodem circulo æqui<lb></lb>noctiali æquidiſtanti <expan abbr="cognouerũt">cognouerunt</expan>: qua habita <lb></lb>terreno itinere differentiam locorum ſunt aſ<lb></lb>ſecuti: eam per horas 24. vnius diei multi<lb></lb>plicando, & per horas diſtantiæ defectus lu<lb></lb>naris diuidendo, ambitum circuli illius inue<lb></lb>nerunt: inde demonſtratione Geometrica am<lb></lb>bitum æquinoctij circuli, maximíque ac to<lb></lb>tius terræ, quem per ſeptem multiplicando, <lb></lb>& per 22. diuidendo, dimetientem terræ ſa<lb></lb>tis exquiſita ratione ſunt conſecuti. </s> <s id="s.002135">Vel pro<lb></lb>cedendo ab auſtro rectà ad boream, altitudi<lb></lb>nem poli vna parte auxerunt. </s> <s id="s.002136">Metiti autem <lb></lb>viam 2000. paſſ. </s> <s id="s.002137">87. ac 500. inuenêre Italica. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002138">His enim nunc diſtantias locorum metimur, <lb></lb>non paſſibus Ptolomæi. </s> <s id="s.002139">Ergo ducti 87000. <lb></lb>paſſuum & 500. per partes cœli 360. nam in <lb></lb>totidem diuiditur, paſſ. </s> <s id="s.002140">1000. habebimus <lb></lb>31000. & 500. inſuper. </s> <s id="s.002141">Terræ totius ambi<lb></lb>tum hunc ſi per ſeptem multiplicamus, & <lb></lb>per 22. diuiſerimus, erit terræ dimetientis <lb></lb>paſſ. </s> <s id="s.002142">MXMXXII. </s> <s id="s.002143">Sed in his velle ad amuſ<lb></lb>ſim certam quærere ſubductis 22. eſſe 1000. <lb></lb>paſſ. </s> <s id="s.002144">decies mille. </s> <s id="s.002145">At qui nauigant multis er<lb></lb>roribus acti, ſinuoſumque non rectum agen<lb></lb>tes iter etiam ſpontè, tum incerto ventorum <lb></lb>impetu decepti, multò maiorem ambitum <lb></lb>terræ ſcripſerunt. </s> <s id="s.002146">Sed hæc ratio vt veriſſima <lb></lb>eſt, ita etiam maximè certo conſentit experi<lb></lb>mento: iuuitque multum. </s> <s id="s.002147">Hiſpanos, qui cum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg230"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tam diuturnum iter ac longum terræ magni<lb></lb>tudini repugnare intelligerent, diligenti ra<lb></lb>tione metiri errorem, illud fermè ad tertiam <lb></lb>partem tum ſpatij, tum temporis contra<lb></lb>xêre. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg231"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002148"><margin.target id="marg228"></margin.target>Terræ toti <lb></lb>quæ propria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002149"><margin.target id="marg229"></margin.target>Terræ totius <lb></lb>ambitus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002150"><margin.target id="marg230"></margin.target>Scire verita<lb></lb>tem quan<lb></lb>tum proſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002151"><margin.target id="marg231"></margin.target>Terrarum <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002152">Atque hæc ſunt ſubtilitatis beneficia. </s> <s id="s.002153">Ipſa <lb></lb>verò terra non vnius generis eſſe videtur <lb></lb>quamobrem Ariſtoteles rectè in duo diuiſit: <lb></lb>primò <foreign lang="grc">ὀρυκτά κὶ μεταλλ εντὰ</foreign>, id eſt, foſſilem <lb></lb>ac tranſmutabilem. </s> <s id="s.002154">Foſſilis eadem manet, & <lb></lb>verè terra eſt. </s> <s id="s.002155">Tranſmutabilis ſpecie ſolum <lb></lb>& viſu: nam ea in metalla, vel ſuccos, aut <lb></lb>alia eiuſcemodi tranſit: de hac ſuo loco dice<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.002156">Veræ autem terræ ſpecies duæ: altera <lb></lb>quidem ſyncera: pullo colori hæc eſt, aut ei <lb></lb>proximo: altera quam non eſt ſyncera, nec <lb></lb>tamen quicquam continet meta licum, alte<arrow.to.target n="marg232"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rius eſt coloris. </s> <s id="s.002157">Omnis enim terra quæ alie<lb></lb>no colore prædita eſt, exhalatione permutata <lb></lb>fuit, iuxta Ariſtotelis ſententiam. </s> <s id="s.002158">At Theo<lb></lb>phraſtus putat caloris varietatem eſſe. </s> <s id="s.002159">Sed <lb></lb>vtrumque verum eſt: nam modò ſub ea me<lb></lb>tallica inueniuntur, & hæc exhalatione tin<lb></lb>gitur: modò nihil, & hæc à ſolo calore: Ve<lb></lb>rum quæ ab exhalatione tingitur, quaſi ſplen<lb></lb>det: quæ ſolo calore, non ſplendet, & calo<lb></lb>rem habet obſcurum, aut ferreum, aut ni<lb></lb>grum. </s> <s id="s.002160">Terræ etenim colores totidem ſunt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg233"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quot colorum genera: <foreign lang="grc">ὠχρὰ</foreign> quæ candida eſt: <lb></lb>alia lutea, vt argillæ quoddam genus à Lati<lb></lb>nis Sil vocatum: viridis vt chryſocolla, ru<lb></lb>bea vt ſandaracha, cærulea vt <foreign lang="grc">κύανος</foreign>: nigra vt <lb></lb>pnigitis, quæ metalli nihil continet: & quan<lb></lb>quam alia exemplo metallicorum declaratæ <lb></lb>ſint, non tamen de his intelligimus, quando<lb></lb>quidem ſynceræ à metallis inueniantur, quæ <lb></lb>hos colores exquiſitiſſimè referunt. </s> <s id="s.002161">Sunt & <lb></lb>terræ croceæ ( vt dixi ) & pullæ, & quæ tin<lb></lb>guntur, vt Erethria æri confricata, fit viola<lb></lb>cea. </s> <s id="s.002162">Strato Lampſacenus albam terram cine<lb></lb>ris argumento exiſtimabat. </s> <s id="s.002163">Sunt qui Ariſto<lb></lb>teli tribuant, quòd terram nullius eſſe coloris <lb></lb>exiſtimauerit. </s> <s id="s.002164">Nos hîc doctrinam tradimus <lb></lb>quæ ſenſuum confirmatur teſtimonio, has nu<lb></lb>gas nihil curantes: atque ideo pullam dixi<lb></lb>mus, quòd ſyncera plerunque talis ſit: & quæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg234"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>talis eſt, plerunque etiam ſit optima. </s> <s id="s.002165">Optima <lb></lb>igitur terra non ſemper vnius eſt coloris, <lb></lb>quanquam ( vt dixi) pulla ſit plerunque: ve<lb></lb>rùm & quædam nigra optima eſt, argilloſa <lb></lb>quaſi & quæ nulla labe corrupta. </s> <s id="s.002166">Labes ſunt, <lb></lb>arida, ſcabra, exeſa, caneſcens, pumicoſa, fi<lb></lb>ſtuloſa. </s> <s id="s.002167">Sterilis eſt & in qua herbæ nudis ſpi<lb></lb>nis longis & acutis, aut geniſtæ, aut erica <lb></lb>naſcuntur: hæc autem ſi quid aliud improbi<lb></lb>tatis ſoli certum eſt indicium. </s> <s id="s.002168">Nec ſolùm hæc <lb></lb>ſed cùm frequens eſt genus vnum herbæ quod <lb></lb>in pratis non vides, ſed tantum locis incultis <lb></lb>& aridis. </s> <s id="s.002169">Quæ igitur tenuiſſima eſt, argillo<lb></lb>ſa, mollis, aquas optimè ſuſcipiens, ac colo<lb></lb>res reddens, quæ vitiis caret, quæ cum ſic<lb></lb>catur, imbréque inſpergitur, odorem emittit <lb></lb>ſuauiſſimum, ea optima arboribus ac frugi<lb></lb>bus erit. </s> <s id="s.002170">Sed cur hæc terra bene olet poſt lon<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg235"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gas ſiccitates imbre madefacta tenui? </s> <s id="s.002171">Id pror<lb></lb>ſus accidit, quoniam per ſiccitates humor <lb></lb>modicus qui in terra continetur, à moderato <lb></lb>calore ac naturali concoquitur, inde imbre <lb></lb>ſuperueniente miſcetur aquæ atque exhalat, <lb></lb>atque ideo fragrat optimè, quòd etiam opti<lb></lb>mè concoctum eſt: igitur odoris ſuauitas <lb></lb>temperati caloris, atque ideo feracitatis ma<lb></lb>ximæ indicium eſt. </s> <s id="s.002172">Licet & ab opere ipſo fa<lb></lb>cilè coniectari: nam cùm in ea herbæ atque <lb></lb>arbores luxuriant, maximè quæ pingue ſolum <lb></lb>expoſcunt, certum ſoli bonitatis argumentum <lb></lb>habes. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002173"><margin.target id="marg232"></margin.target>Cauſæ varie<lb></lb>tatis calo<lb></lb>rum terræ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002174"><margin.target id="marg233"></margin.target>Terræ colo<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002175"><margin.target id="marg234"></margin.target>Terra opti<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002176"><margin.target id="marg235"></margin.target>Cur terræ <lb></lb>optima im<lb></lb>bre conſperſa <lb></lb>bene olet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002177">At terræ ex ſubſtantia triplex eſt genus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg236"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>craſſum, & vocatur arena: tenue, & eſt ar<lb></lb>gillaceum: & mediocre, quòd commune eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002178">En iam vides etiam in ipſis terris ſubtilitatis <lb></lb>præſtantiam: nam vt arena ſterilis eſt, ita <lb></lb>etiam omni fermè operi figulino inepta: at <lb></lb>argilla & fœcunda plantis, & figulis aptiſſi<lb></lb>ma eſt. </s> <s id="s.002179">Argilloſa etenim quæcunque trifo<lb></lb>lium fert optima, quæ gramen, proxima pro <lb></lb>paſcuis. </s> <s id="s.002180">Quæ rutam caprariam, frugefera eſt: <lb></lb>quæ vitem bene alit, optima eſt omnibus ar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg237"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>boribus tametſi olea vitem refugiat. </s> <s id="s.002181">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur terra alia frugibus alia paſcuis, alia ar<lb></lb>boribus maximè apta ſit, vnumquodque ge<lb></lb>nus à proprio ſigno cognoſces. </s> <s id="s.002182">Verum in lo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg238"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cis vbi medica prouenit, nullum eſt pro paſ<lb></lb>cuis certius ſignum illius herbæ copia. </s> <s id="s.002183">Ex ar<lb></lb>gillaceo etiam genere fuit terra illa candida, <lb></lb>quam Taſconium olim vocabant, ex qua in <lb></lb>montium iugis ſpeculas faciebant in Hiſpa<lb></lb>nia, & nunc ( vt Georgius Agricola medicus, <lb></lb>vir inſignis refert) apud Coruerium Saxoniæ <lb></lb>oppidum turris: nam ea ſecurios eſt ignibus, <pb pagenum="404" xlink:href="016/01/053.jpg"></pb>ventis, imbribus quam quæ cæmento & la<lb></lb>pidibus conſtat: à ventis ob grauitatem tuta <lb></lb>eſt: ab ignibus magis dureſcit: ab aquis, quòd <lb></lb>non recipiat, tuta eſt. </s> <s id="s.002184">Pinguem ac prætenuem <lb></lb>& denſam eam eſſe oportet, atque ob id <lb></lb>etiam raram. </s> <s id="s.002185">Quædam etiam frigore tenuior <lb></lb>redditur, vt Goſſelaria, quæ cùm in fruſtis ſit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg239"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>frigore fit minutiſſima. </s> <s id="s.002186">Arena verò trium eſt <lb></lb>generum, fluuiatilis, marina, & foſſitia. </s> <s id="s.002187">Sed <lb></lb>& in hac ſubtilitas non paruum diſcrimen af<lb></lb>fert: quæ enim tenuiſſima fuerit, cæmenta fa<lb></lb>cit ad æterna murorum fundamenta, modò <lb></lb>pura ſit tam parua ſubtilitate vita ſtructuris <lb></lb>multis ſeculis aut adiicitur, aut perit: melior <lb></lb>tamen fluuiatilis, ſit nulla arte iuuetur, quod <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg240"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſalſedine careat, & purior ſit foſſitia. </s> <s id="s.002188">Sunt & <lb></lb>terrarum diſcrimina ab vſibus vt communis, <lb></lb>quæ probatur ab agricolis, à figulis argilla, à <lb></lb>lignariis fabris rubrica, fullonibus cimolia, <lb></lb>pictoribus cærulea, Lemnia medicis, argen<lb></lb>taria fabris argentariis. </s> <s id="s.002189">Hæc omnia aquis & <lb></lb>calore variantur & perficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.002190">Vnde nihil <lb></lb>melius eſt quàm terras habere irriguas, nam in <lb></lb>omne frugum, arborum, & herbarum genus <lb></lb>luxuriant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg241"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002191"><margin.target id="marg236"></margin.target>Terræ ſpecie <lb></lb>à ſubſtantia</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002192"><margin.target id="marg237"></margin.target>Signa cogno<lb></lb>ſcendæ terræ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002193"><margin.target id="marg238"></margin.target>Muri è ter<lb></lb>ra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002194"><margin.target id="marg239"></margin.target>Arenæ gene<lb></lb>ra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002195"><margin.target id="marg240"></margin.target>Terræ ſpe<lb></lb>cies ab vſu.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002196"><margin.target id="marg241"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>terra aquis <lb></lb>ſuperemi<lb></lb>neant, <expan abbr="ſeptẽ">ſeptem</expan> <lb></lb>opiniones.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002197">Sed quomodo terræ aquis ſupereminere <lb></lb>poſſint rectè dubitatum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002198">Dixêre nonnulli, <lb></lb>quoniam Deo id placuit. </s> <s id="s.002199">Hi magis vitupe<lb></lb>rant, quòd rationem inuenire nequiuerit, <lb></lb>quam Deum laudent, quod abſque ratione po<lb></lb>tuerit. </s> <s id="s.002200">Qui dicunt hoc animalium cauſa fa<lb></lb>ctum eſſe, finem quidem docent cur factum <lb></lb>ſit: ſed ad aſſequendum finem aliis opus eſt <lb></lb>cauſis, quas illi minimè docent. </s> <s id="s.002201">Sunt qui di<lb></lb>cant à ſideribus ipſam ſuſtineri: primum hoc <lb></lb>violentum eſt: deinde ſydera fixa & immobi<lb></lb>lia fuiſſe oportuit, atque (quod maius eſt è re<lb></lb>gione oppoſita, vt quædam ſub arctico Euro<lb></lb>pam, alia ſub auſtro Braſiliam, quæ Europæ <lb></lb>opponitur, ſuſtinerent. </s> <s id="s.002202">Si duo ſtatuas centra, <lb></lb>alterum aquæ, alterum terræ: primum, alte<lb></lb>rum aliud erit à mundi centro: duóque gra<lb></lb>uitatis media, nec poterunt ex oppoſiti re<lb></lb>gionibus partes terræ prominere, cùm tamen <lb></lb>promineant, vt Braſilia & Europa: nec erunt <lb></lb>Antipodes. </s> <s id="s.002203">Qui volunt terram ab aëre ſuſti<lb></lb>neri in ſpeciebus concluſo, violenter vtrum<lb></lb>que ſtatuat, & terram in ſublimi aëre ſuſten<lb></lb>tatam, & aërem vi in ſpecubus retentum: <lb></lb>oportet etiam ingentes eſſe ſpecus, qui <expan abbr="Aſiã">Aſiam</expan>, <lb></lb>Africam, & Europam, Braſiliam, tótque in<lb></lb>ſulas ſuſtinerent, & ſi rectè conſiderant, tota <lb></lb>terra ſpecus vnus erit, mirúmque nec mini<lb></lb>mo hiatu patêre tantum molem, vt ſi pateat, <lb></lb>orbis corruat vniuerſus: nec in illum pulſo <lb></lb>aëre tantam aquarum molem deſcendere. </s> <s id="s.002204">Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteles in Meteoris cenſet, ob polum, quod <lb></lb>altior ibi ſit terra, aquam non admittere. </s> <s id="s.002205">Sed <lb></lb>non ſic terra rotunda foret, nec ſub æquino<lb></lb>ctiali terra, nec altitudo illa comparationem <lb></lb>haberet ad differentiam loci terræ & aquæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002206">Finge, enim quod haud verum eſſe poteſt, ter<lb></lb>ram M. milibus paſſuum altiorem eſſe, ſi lo<lb></lb>cus aquæ circa terram ſit, iſque pro magnitu<lb></lb>dinis ratione terra altior bis mille paſſibus <lb></lb>adhuc ſub arctico ipſo, terra erit ſub aquis <lb></lb>M. millibus paſſ. </s> <s id="s.002207">multóque magis vbique lo<lb></lb>corum aliorum. </s> <s id="s.002208">Putet me plus ob viri auto<lb></lb>ritatem illum hæc dixiſſe, quam reprehenſio<lb></lb>nis, in quam veritatis amore me tractum vi <lb></lb>omnes intelligunt. </s> <s id="s.002209">Igitur hoc verum non eſt, <lb></lb>aquam adeò magnam eſſe, nec totius terræ <lb></lb>partem eſſe notatu dignam: quia tamen ob <lb></lb>leuitatem terræ ſuperſtat parua aqua, quicquid <lb></lb>eſt humile ac inæquale in terræ ſuperficie <lb></lb>complet. </s> <s id="s.002210">Hacque ratione dum tot maria fa<lb></lb>cit, ampliſſimumque oceanum tot flumina, <lb></lb>maior terra exiſtimata eſt. </s> <s id="s.002211">Quòd ſi ad ambi<lb></lb>tum ſolum reſpiciamus, forſan res vera eſſe <lb></lb>poſſet: at cùm ad profunditatem, nullam ha<lb></lb>bet comparationem. </s> <s id="s.002212">Indicio eſt, quod nullibi <lb></lb>præterquam in gurgitibus aqua maris pro<lb></lb>funditatem habet effatu dignam, ſed alibi paſ<lb></lb>ſus 1000. aut 500. aut 200. vel 300. quæ al<lb></lb>titudo ſi ad terræ magnitudinem comparetur, <lb></lb>eſt vt ſudoris ad hominem. </s> <s id="s.002213">In gurgitibus ali<lb></lb>quanto profundior eſt aqua, quòd par ſit lo<lb></lb>cum eum potius aqua quam leuiſſimo aëre <lb></lb>compleri. </s> <s id="s.002214">Solida igitur eſt ſubtus terra, in <lb></lb>parte modicum aquæ ob cauitatem infuſum <lb></lb>ſit: alicubi parum aëris, non multum, paucis <lb></lb>annis, non perpetuò, continetur. </s> <s id="s.002215">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>aqua elementum eſſet ac adeò grande, opor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002216">teret vt etiam in terra, ſic maximam maris <lb></lb>partem fundo carere. </s> <s id="s.002217">Nam certum eſt, ſi <lb></lb>pro 1000. paſſ. </s> <s id="s.002218">1000. paſſuum millia obtine<lb></lb>ret, aut duplum huius quod par eſſet magni<lb></lb>tudinem, ſi tantam quantam exiſtimant ha<lb></lb>beret, nullum fundi veſtigium ſuperfuturum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002219">Quòd cùm vbique præter quam in gurgitibus <lb></lb>(vt dixi ) appareat: gurges autem omnis an<lb></lb>guſtus ſit manifeſtum eſt aquæ elementum <lb></lb>non admodum magnum eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002220">Itaque tria elementa ſunt, quorum leuiſſi<arrow.to.target n="marg242"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mum & maximum aër, proximum magnitu<lb></lb>dine terra, ambo hæc per ſe neceſſaria: quo<lb></lb>rum aër in ſublimi, terra in imo: minimum <lb></lb>ac quaſi non neceſſarium aqua in medio ho<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.002221">Nam ſi homines ſine cibo viuere poſ<lb></lb>ſent, vt gratia exempli lapides, aqua non <lb></lb>eſſet neceſſaria. </s> <s id="s.002222">Verùm quia non ſolùm vi<lb></lb>uere, ſed ali ac generari, creſceréque neceſ<lb></lb>ſarium fuit, aqua creata eſt. </s> <s id="s.002223">Cùm igitur lo<lb></lb>cus aquæ capacior ſit elemento aquæ, eſt enim <lb></lb>quicquid humile eſt in terra, ob hoc terra <lb></lb>vndique extuberat continente, inſuliſque, & <lb></lb>hominibus ac cæteris animalibus habitatio<lb></lb>nem præbet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002224"><margin.target id="marg242"></margin.target>Elemento<lb></lb>rum magni<lb></lb>tudo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002225">Igitur ex hoc manifeſtum eſt, quonam pa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg243"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cto facilè fiant inundationes, quas diluuia <lb></lb>ſolent appellare. </s> <s id="s.002226">Nam cum aqua modica ſit <lb></lb>natura, atque in terræ ſuperficie conſtituta, <lb></lb>ſi paululum increſcat, humilia loca obruit, <lb></lb>ac breui etiam reuocatur, quia parua eſt etiam <lb></lb>cum aucta fuerit. </s> <s id="s.002227">At ſi tanta quanta exiſti<lb></lb>mabatur foret, maximo indigeret incremen<lb></lb>to ad inundationes. </s> <s id="s.002228">Quamobrem nunquam <lb></lb>accidiſſent inundationes: & ſi modò accidiſ<lb></lb>ſent, vix vnquam, niſi extincto penitùs hu<lb></lb>mano genere, potuiſſent reuocari: pluribuſ<lb></lb>que annis, non menſibus ſub aqua terra la<lb></lb>tuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.002229">At vt Plato recitat, non ſemel fuêre, <lb></lb>ſed pluries, hæ inundationes: & rurſus paucis <lb></lb>menſibus deſiêre. </s> <s id="s.002230">Pauca facta eſt igitur, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg244"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>locus habitationi relinqueretur, vt ſua frigi<lb></lb>ditate temperaret, non deſtrueret vitam ani<lb></lb>mantium. </s> <s id="s.002231">Et quoniam hæc miniſtrorum ge<lb></lb>neratio ſolùm in terræ ſuperficie erat neceſſa<lb></lb>ria, ob id igitur vt ſuperficiem ſolam occu<lb></lb>paret, in qua metalla, plantæ, animalia, piſces <pb pagenum="405" xlink:href="016/01/054.jpg"></pb>ali oportebat ac generari, pauca, & in ſuper<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg245"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ficie terræ facta eſt. </s> <s id="s.002232">At quia periculum non <lb></lb>leue erat, ne ab aëre ac Solis radiis nimium <lb></lb>conſumeretur, motus perpetuus illi adiun<lb></lb>ctus eſt: ob idque, quia non mouentur <lb></lb>aquæ <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) celeriter computreſcunt, & <lb></lb>multum reſoluuntur. </s> <s id="s.002233">Cautum eſt etiam il<lb></lb>lius generationi ſub polis & immotibus <lb></lb>cumque terra ſub torrida nimium exurere<lb></lb>tur, cauit natura, vt locus ille humillimus <lb></lb>eſſet, atque ob id aquæ omnes fluunt verſus <lb></lb>meridiem. </s> <s id="s.002234">Sib & Nilus quanquam ex Lunæ <lb></lb>montibus oriatur iuxta Capricorni circu<lb></lb>lum, attamen tranſgreſſus æquinoctij circu<lb></lb>lum totam penetrat zonam torridam eodem <lb></lb>impetu in noſtrum mare delatus iuxta Ale<lb></lb>xandriam. </s> <s id="s.002235">Oportuit igitur ibi frigidi & hu<lb></lb>midi elementi maximam partem conſiſtere <lb></lb>vbi maior illius erat neceſſitas ob Solis ca<lb></lb>lorem. </s> <s id="s.002236">Simul verò cautum eſt ſecuritati in<lb></lb>termediorum locorum nam fluente aqua in <lb></lb>eandem ſemper partem, regiones ſubmergi <lb></lb>non poterant: quod & cauent qui agros <lb></lb>liberant ab inundatione, & qui paludes ſic<lb></lb>cant: ergo ſi non eſſet aquarum ad decli<lb></lb>uia lapſus, iam tota terra palus eſſet. </s> <s id="s.002237">Vt <lb></lb>verò decliuior eſſet locus verſus meridiem, <lb></lb>& paulò altior iuxta polos, calor Solis con<lb></lb>ſumens effecit, & frigus iuxta polos montes <lb></lb>altiſſimos ſeruans: iam enim docuimus <lb></lb>quòd calor conſumit & exedit, frigus con<lb></lb>ſeruat. </s> <s id="s.002238">Ob hæc altiſſima eſt, fuit, eritque <lb></lb>ſemper plaga iuxta polos, & in medio hu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg246"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>millima. </s> <s id="s.002239">Quare ſolem non oportuit vnde<lb></lb>quaque circumferri, nec ad polos: nam ſi <lb></lb>ſingulis annis per totum orbem feratur, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt vt terra æqualis euadat, atque ea de <lb></lb>cauſa vel tota ſiccetur, vel tota aquis obrua<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.002240">Sed cum hoc non ſufficeret ad flumi<lb></lb>num liberum curſum ſæpius occurrentibus <lb></lb>locis in via altiorum proueniſſet, hoc natu<lb></lb>ra ſagax aquæ dedit, vt tantùm poſſit aſ<lb></lb>cendere, quantum eſt quod deſcendit, vt <lb></lb>ſic ſuperatis montibus ac collibus in mare <lb></lb>tandem feratur. </s> <s id="s.002241">Ergo aqua parua eſt, atque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg247"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in ſuperficie ſita terræ. </s> <s id="s.002242">Quòd ſi tanta foret <lb></lb>quanta fertur, laterétque ſub terra, vel <lb></lb>mota perpetuum motum terræ excitaret, vel <lb></lb>quieſcens putreſceret. </s> <s id="s.002243">Horum neutrum cum <lb></lb>videamus, impoſſibile eſt aquam magnitu<lb></lb>dinem obtinere in comparatione ad terram <lb></lb>effatu dignam, lateréque in imo terræ: at nec <lb></lb>in ſuperficie multam fore, ſenſum docere <lb></lb>oſtendimus. </s> <s id="s.002244">Parua igitur ad modum eſt aqua <lb></lb>verum terra cum eſſet animalium ſedes, & <lb></lb>mundi centrum circa quod aſtra mouentur, <lb></lb>& omnium fundamentum, ſatis conuenien<lb></lb>tem aſſecuta eſt magnitudinem, quamuis <lb></lb>ad cœli ambitum comparata puncti vicem <lb></lb>obtineat. </s> <s id="s.002245">Sunt aurem aquarum genera plu<lb></lb>rima, ſed ſitus & magnitudinis ratione ſic <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg248"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diſtinguuntur. </s> <s id="s.002246">Quæ in vnum collecta eſt, <lb></lb>falſa, mare vocatur: ſi dulcis, lacus: ſi non <lb></lb>mouetur prorſus, palus eſt. </s> <s id="s.002247">Neceſſe eſt au<lb></lb>tem in his limum generari. </s> <s id="s.002248">Si verò profun<lb></lb>da non eſt, ſtagnum. </s> <s id="s.002249">Si fluit flumen vel <lb></lb>fluuius, à fluendo dictus. </s> <s id="s.002250">Si ſcaturiat, <lb></lb>fons. </s> <s id="s.002251">Si ex pluuiis, vel niuibus colliga<lb></lb>tur, torrens. </s> <s id="s.002252">Torrentes autem ob id mani<lb></lb>feſtum eſt non ſemper fluere. </s> <s id="s.002253">Riuulus au<lb></lb>tem, cum exiguus decurrit. </s> <s id="s.002254">Omnium altiſ<lb></lb>ſima palus Alcyonia in Corinthiaco agro, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg249"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ cum minus tribus ſtadiis in ambitu <lb></lb>habeat. </s> <s id="s.002255">Nero multorum ſtadiorum funibus <lb></lb>iunctis fundum non potuit plumbo explora<lb></lb>re, adeò profundis gurgitibus continebatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002256">Huic ſimilem eſſe referunt lacum inſula re<lb></lb>giæ Daniæ, ſeu Cimbriæ Cherſoneſi, cui <lb></lb>nomen eſt Bornholm: neque enim illius <lb></lb>imum percipit, quamuis exiguus. </s> <s id="s.002257">Gene<lb></lb>raliter autem in littoribus. </s> <s id="s.002258">Noruagiæ pro<lb></lb>fundiſſimi ſunt ſpecus, atque ideò gurgi<lb></lb>tes. </s> <s id="s.002259">Cum enim inter altiſſimas rupes, pa<lb></lb>rúmque diſtantes, atque eò magis ſi in val<lb></lb>le ſpecus profundi ſint, aqua permeat, <lb></lb>obruitque ſummè neceſſe eſt lacum eſſe an<lb></lb>guſtum profundiſſimo vortice. </s> <s id="s.002260">Salſa palus <lb></lb>Mæotica eſt, atque ob id & vaſtitatem ce<lb></lb>lebrata. </s> <s id="s.002261">At fluminum ſatis rectè, meo iu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg250"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dicio, cauſas & modum defluxus explica<lb></lb>uimus: ſed vnde oriantur, ſæpè dubitatum <lb></lb>eſt, tam perenni ac multiplici aquarum <lb></lb>decurſu. </s> <s id="s.002262">Ergo generari illas exiſtimat Phi<lb></lb>loſophus. </s> <s id="s.002263">Salomon ex mari per circuitum <lb></lb>deriuari, alij ex pluuiis ac niuibus coacer<lb></lb>uari, alij emergere ex fontibus ſub terra <lb></lb>latentibus. </s> <s id="s.002264">Non gigni in montibus, nec <lb></lb>ex aëre, palàm eſt omnem aquam, cùm <lb></lb>Tanais in Moſcouiæ campis ſcaturiat: ve<lb></lb>rùm cùm aqua non aſcendat, niſi deſcen<lb></lb>dat è montibus altioribus, illam eò deri<lb></lb>uari neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.002265">Nec ex mari ipſo ad tan<lb></lb>tam altitudinem, quanta eſt montium ver<lb></lb>tex poteſt aſcendere: & antequam ad mon<lb></lb>tes perueniat, nulla eſt ratio quin vbique <lb></lb>erumpat: nec vnquam flumina minueren<lb></lb>tur, maréque ipſum non tot fluminibus <lb></lb>ſufficeret, verùm quandóque ſiccaretur, <lb></lb>cùm maxima pars aquarum Solis calore <lb></lb>euaneſcat: motus etiam ille ſub terra, il<lb></lb>lam ( vt dixi ) concuteret: neque ratio <lb></lb>eſt, cur ab illo monte fluat, ab alio non. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002266">Quòd etiam tam pura reddatur ab omni <lb></lb>ſalſedine & amaritudine, vix eſt veriſi<lb></lb>mile. </s> <s id="s.002267">Nec ex niuibus ſolis, cùm è monti<lb></lb>bus aqua etiam fluat cùm nullis teguntur <lb></lb>niuibus, nulliſque imbribus madeſcunt: <lb></lb>generari verò tantam aquarum molem, ac <lb></lb>tam perennem, omninò incredibile eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002268">Quid igitur dicendum? </s> <s id="s.002269">ex omnibus his <lb></lb>cauſis fieri: verùm origo maxima eſt, quia <lb></lb>aër in aquam tranſit, pòſt etiam nix & <lb></lb>imbres aſſidui ad hoc non parum condu<lb></lb>cunt. </s> <s id="s.002270">Quàm etiam cauſam putat Herodo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg251"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tus, inundationis eius quam Nilus facit <lb></lb>in Ægypto. </s> <s id="s.002271">Siquidem illius ſententia ta<lb></lb>lis eſt, quod Nilus æſtiuo ſolſtitio intu<lb></lb>meſcere incipiat, & vſque ad 45. dies <lb></lb>ſequentes creſcat, atque Ægyptum inun<lb></lb>det, totidem verò fermè diebus decreſcat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002272">Antiquo tempore, Herodoti ſcilicet, ad 14. <lb></lb>cubitum incrementum maximam afferebat <lb></lb>vbertatem, ad octo ſterilitatem: pòſt Stra<lb></lb>bonis temporibus minus creſcebat, nec octo <lb></lb>cubitorum incrementum attulit. </s> <s id="s.002273">Sed præ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg252"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſenti ætate, ſeu depræhenſo errore, ſeu mu<lb></lb>tato ritu, cùm ad 15. brachia exundat, ma<lb></lb>xima fit vbertas. </s> <s id="s.002274">A 15. ad 18. detrimenta <pb pagenum="406" xlink:href="016/01/055.jpg"></pb>affert leuia, & pericula grandia: ſuprà au<lb></lb>tem Ægyptius mergitur, & detrimenta ma<lb></lb>gna patitur, cum ſubmerſionis euidenti diſ<lb></lb>crimine, ſi modò euadat. </s> <s id="s.002275">A 15. infrà vſque <lb></lb>ad 12. annonæ caritatem, ſed leuem in<lb></lb>fert: à 12. ad 10. grauem. </s> <s id="s.002276">Infrà autem nun<lb></lb>quam ſubſiſtere videtur. </s> <s id="s.002277">Hæc eſt recens rei <lb></lb>huius hiſtoria omni fide digna. </s> <s id="s.002278">Sed ad He<lb></lb>rodotum venio, cuius de Nili incremento <lb></lb>ſententiam malè conuerſam, deteriúſque in<lb></lb>tellectam, nuper ego emendaui explicaui<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg253"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que. </s> <s id="s.002279">Hanc etiam Strabo confirmauit. </s> <s id="s.002280">Ne<lb></lb>que tamen cuiquam mirum videri debet, <lb></lb>quòd quum Nilus habeat ortum vbi Sol, <lb></lb>dum Sol eſt facit nobis hyemem in noſtra <lb></lb>ætate, quæ illis initium eſt hyemis, niues <lb></lb>imbréſque genitos incrementum flumini, at<lb></lb>que ex eo inundationis occaſionem præſta<lb></lb>re: at nunc longè maior tempore facta eſt <lb></lb>inundatio: temporibus namque Strabonis <lb></lb>iam ſexaginta diebus campi ſiccabantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002281">Inundationis cauſa eſt fluminis magnitudo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002282">Maximus enim fluuiorum, vt Arianus ſcri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg254"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bit, Ganges pòſt quem Indus, pòſt Nilus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002283">Ergo Gangete primo, Indoque ſecundo, <lb></lb>tertio Nilo, Hiſter quarto loco adnumera<lb></lb>bitur. </s> <s id="s.002284">Quintus in Libya, Niger à Ptolo<lb></lb>mæo vocatus, Nilo haud minor, naſcitur <lb></lb>è Thala monte: nunc à Luſitantis Senega <lb></lb>vocatur in fluuius. </s> <s id="s.002285">In Nilum nullum om<lb></lb>ninò flumen influit. </s> <s id="s.002286">Aceſinem, qui in In<lb></lb>dum influit, quatuor penè Millia paſſuum <lb></lb>latitudinis habere, autor eſt Arianus. </s> <s id="s.002287">Sed <lb></lb>Ganges vbi eſt anguſtiſſimus, 12000. paſ<lb></lb>ſuum patet, ac inſuper quingentis: vbi <lb></lb>latè patet, nulli videntur termini. </s> <s id="s.002288">Alios <lb></lb>incredibilis vaſtitatis, ſi vera referunt, in <lb></lb>Braſilia amnes inuenêre Hiſpani, velut <lb></lb>Platam, qui oſtio 30000. paſſuum in mare <lb></lb>deuoluebatur. </s> <s id="s.002289">Eſt & Maragnonus, qui cum <lb></lb>ingreditur mare, paſſibus 80000. patet: <lb></lb>Dabaida verò, & ſanctæ Marthæ, 30000. <lb></lb>atque hi tres ( vt ferunt ) in littore boreali <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg255"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iuxta Pariam. </s> <s id="s.002290">Sed mutatur ratio magnitu<lb></lb>dinis per tempora. </s> <s id="s.002291">Omnium, enim morta<lb></lb>lium quidam eſt viciſſitudo: namque fluuij <lb></lb>influentes non ſolum amnes alios in quos <lb></lb>influunt, ſed etiam mari ſiccare conſueue<lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.002292">Narrat Herodotus, Acheloum mare <lb></lb>profluentem, tantum arenarum aduexiſſe <lb></lb>(hoc enim modo ſiccant maria ) vt Echina<lb></lb>nadum inſulas media iam ex parte conti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg256"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nenti adiecerit. </s> <s id="s.002293">Author eſt. </s> <s id="s.002294">Polybius, Tanaim <lb></lb>& cæteros fluuios ſic mare ſuo tempore Eu<lb></lb>xinum implere, ac Mæotim paludem, vt iam <lb></lb>ipſa non amplius habeat altitudinis aquæ <lb></lb>quàm ſeptem vlnas, & pro ſalſa dulcis illa <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg257"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>facta eſt. </s> <s id="s.002295">De Ehinadibus quaſdam iam con<lb></lb>tinenti iunctas refert Strabo, indiéſque re<lb></lb>liquas iungi, cùm quæ plurimum abeſt, ſo<lb></lb>lùm 15. ſtadiis ab oſtio Acheloi fluminis <lb></lb>diſtet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg258"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002296"><margin.target id="marg243"></margin.target>Diluuiorum <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002297"><margin.target id="marg244"></margin.target>In Timæo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002298">Cauſa par<lb></lb>uitatis a <lb></lb>quæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002299"><margin.target id="marg245"></margin.target>Cauſa mo<lb></lb>tus aqua<lb></lb>rum verſus <lb></lb>meridiem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002300"><margin.target id="marg246"></margin.target>Cur ſol non <lb></lb>accedat ad <lb></lb>polos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002301">Cur aqua <lb></lb>tantum aſ<lb></lb>cendat <expan abbr="quã-tum">quan<lb></lb>tum</expan> deſcen<lb></lb>dit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002302"><margin.target id="marg247"></margin.target>De elemen<lb></lb>torum ma<lb></lb>gnitudinis <lb></lb>cauſa & ſi<lb></lb>gno.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002303"><margin.target id="marg248"></margin.target>Aquarum <lb></lb>genera à ſitu <lb></lb>& magni<lb></lb>tudine ſum<lb></lb>pta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002304"><margin.target id="marg249"></margin.target>Palus Al<lb></lb>cyonia pro<lb></lb>fundiſſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002305"><margin.target id="marg250"></margin.target>De ortu flu<lb></lb>minum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002306"><margin.target id="marg251"></margin.target>Libro. </s> <s id="s.002307">2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002308"><margin.target id="marg252"></margin.target>Nili inun<lb></lb>datio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002309"><margin.target id="marg253"></margin.target>15. & 17. li<lb></lb>bro Geogra <lb></lb>phiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002310"><margin.target id="marg254"></margin.target>Qui maxi<lb></lb>mi fluuij.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002311"><margin.target id="marg255"></margin.target>Flumina <lb></lb>ſiccant ma<lb></lb>ria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002312"><margin.target id="marg256"></margin.target>Libro 2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002313"><margin.target id="marg257"></margin.target>10. Geo<lb></lb>graph.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002314"><margin.target id="marg258"></margin.target>Nilus cur <lb></lb>aura careat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002315">Sed poſtquam in fluminum narrationem <lb></lb>incidimus, non abs re erit conſiderare cur <lb></lb>ſolus Nilus aura careat, vel ſaltem caruit: <lb></lb>nam Herodotus hoc conſtanter affirmat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002316">Nobis id curæ maximé eſſe debet, vt cauſam <lb></lb>rerum inueniamus, ne ſi curſu temporis in <lb></lb>aliis adueniant, quam in aliis ceſſauerunt <lb></lb>poſt perplexi hæreamus. </s> <s id="s.002317">Ergo aura maximè <lb></lb>fit vbi aqua teporem à Sole conceperit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002318">Indicio eſt, quod ſub ortu & occaſu, non <lb></lb>media die, circa flumina æſtate oritur. </s> <s id="s.002319">Cùm <lb></lb>enim Sol eleuat, nec attrahit ad ſuperiora <lb></lb>aquæ motu aër impellitur: qui ab aqua re<lb></lb>frigeratus, auram ſuauem efficit, quam iux<lb></lb>ta exortum Solis & occaſum æſtate circa <lb></lb>flumina ſentire ſolemus. </s> <s id="s.002320">At Nili initium <lb></lb>proculdubio cùm citra circulum brumalem <lb></lb>ſit & totus per torridam feratur regionem, <lb></lb>auram nunquam concipere poterit: nam etſi <lb></lb>creetur aliqua, ſtatim immodico Solis calo<arrow.to.target n="marg259"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>re conſumitur. </s> <s id="s.002321">Flumen verò eodem curſu <lb></lb>quo aërem refrigerat, purgatur ab omni ter<lb></lb>rena ſorde: ideoque nullum ſalſum: poſſet <lb></lb>tamen eſſe, vbi è loco proximo materia ſal<lb></lb>ſa in illud influeret: verum etſi contingere <lb></lb>poſſit, haud tamen facilè, ob dictam cauſam <lb></lb>huius exemplum inuenias. </s> <s id="s.002322">Sic Nilus cùm <lb></lb>è longiſſimis veniat regionibus, & calore <lb></lb>Solis torreatur, aquas ſecum defert ſaluber<lb></lb>rimas. </s> <s id="s.002323">At maria omnia ſalſa ſunt, atque <lb></lb>etiam amara: cuius rationem vbi expoſuero <lb></lb>prius, propoſitam quæſtionem ſubiiciam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002324">Quòd igitur aqua ex imbre flumina augere <lb></lb>poſſit, apud nos videmus perſæpe, dum poſt <lb></lb>pluuias extenuati iam antè fluuij, adeò creſ<lb></lb>cunt vt agros inundent: quidam etiam tor<lb></lb>rentes, quorum ſolùm foſſa lapillis plena ſu<lb></lb>pererat, adeò per plures dies aqua copioſa <lb></lb>decurrunt, quam vel Solis imbribus conce<lb></lb>perunt, aut niuibus liquatis, vt magni flu<lb></lb>minis vicem ac ſpeciem ſubeant. </s> <s id="s.002325">Nec differt <lb></lb>torrens à flumine, niſi quòd non perennis <lb></lb>eſt: nam nec illius cauſa talis eſt. </s> <s id="s.002326">Igitur ſi <lb></lb>montes mane inuiſas, hudos inuenies. </s> <s id="s.002327">Sen<lb></lb>ſim igitur intra extráque riuuli coacta aqua <lb></lb>effluunt, atque multi in vnum coeuntes flu<lb></lb>men efficiunt: hoc niſi pluuiis, aut niuium <lb></lb>liquefactione adiuuetur, extenuatum ſem<lb></lb>per videbis. </s> <s id="s.002328">Quo tempore parua aqua ſuffi<lb></lb>cit, non ſolùm quòd parum aquæ illius al<lb></lb>ueus contineat, ſed quòd dum lentè fluit ea<lb></lb>dem aqua pluribus in locis ſatisfacit. </s> <s id="s.002329">Hac <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg260"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verò cauſa haud dubium relinquitur, cur flu<lb></lb>uij matutinò ſoleant excreſcere, tum maxi<lb></lb>mè ea parte qua fonti ſuo fuerint proximi: <lb></lb>nempe nocte multum roris æſtate, multum <lb></lb>nebulæ hyeme decidit: quò fit vt ſequenti <lb></lb>Solis exortu creſcere multum incipiant, & <lb></lb>maximè temporibus mediis Autumno & Ve<lb></lb>rè, cùm pruina cadens Solis tempore diſſol<lb></lb>uitur. </s> <s id="s.002330">Igitur aqua quæ intra montem lapi<lb></lb>dum frigore, & quæ extra noctis auxilio <lb></lb>creatur, intrò ſenſim labitur. </s> <s id="s.002331">Pars etiam ex<lb></lb>trà in riuulos cogitur, inde è multis riuulis <lb></lb>flumen exiguum plerunque creatur, è pluri<lb></lb>bus exiguis magnum, vt Padus, Hiſter, In<lb></lb>dus, Euphrates. </s> <s id="s.002332">Hæcque eſt cauſa perpetui<lb></lb>tatis fluminum, ſicut incrementi pluuiæ, & <lb></lb>niues. </s> <s id="s.002333">Tanais verò & fontes omnes qui è <lb></lb>locis planis ſcaturiunt, non ibi creantur, ſed <lb></lb>in montibus, inde ad locum illum delati, ea <lb></lb>ratione <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> diximus nuper, quòd aqua cum <lb></lb>præmitur è locis altioribus tantum aſcendit <lb></lb>quantum deſcenderat, emergunt è terra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002334">Mare autem non mittit fontes niſi ſalſos: <lb></lb>nam quidam proximi naſcuntur, ſed ſalſi <pb pagenum="407" xlink:href="016/01/056.jpg"></pb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002335">Non negauerim, quòd tamen ob æſtum <lb></lb>illius eſt difficillimum, decurrientibus aquis <lb></lb>maris ſub terra magno impetu, ac procul, <lb></lb>aquæ dulcis fontem poſſe ſcaturire. </s> <s id="s.002336">Indicio <lb></lb>eſt, ſalſedinem minui ſpacij longitudine, <lb></lb>quòd putei effoſſi quò magis à mari diſtant, <lb></lb>eò minus ſunt ſalſi. </s> <s id="s.002337">Verùm hoc forſitan non <lb></lb>tam fiet ſeparatione ſalis ex diſtantia, quàm <lb></lb>admiſtione aliarum dulcium aquarum. </s> <s id="s.002338">Exi<lb></lb>ſtimandum tamen aquam puteorum, quam <lb></lb>Hauſum vocant Mediolanenſes, è mari de<lb></lb>riuari. </s> <s id="s.002339">Siquidem non tam impetu, quàm <lb></lb>ſpacij longitudine, nec tam admiſtione dul<lb></lb>cium aliarum aquarum, quàm ſalis grauita<lb></lb>te, aqua ipſa dulceſcit. </s> <s id="s.002340">Nam ſal in aqua <lb></lb>cùm quieuerit, deſcendit ad imum grauita<lb></lb>te ſui: currente autem aqua repurgatur à <lb></lb>terra. </s> <s id="s.002341">Sed ob id mare, neque quieſcit, nec <lb></lb>currit, ſed æſtu agitatur, vt ſalſum maneat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002342">Tribus igitur modis aqua maris fontibus <lb></lb>ſcaturiens procul dulcis euadit: permiſtio<lb></lb>ne aliorum dulcium curſu, atque ob id pur<lb></lb>gatione à limo atque arena, & falis ſpontè <lb></lb>deſcendentis grauitate. </s> <s id="s.002343">Atque hoc etiam <lb></lb>commodum dulcis aquæ mare ipſum præ<lb></lb>bet. </s> <s id="s.002344">Sed de fluminum ortu rectè videtur <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles ſenſiſſe: vbi verò in cauum am<lb></lb>plumque locum influxerint, lacus creant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002345">Igitur fluminum, ac fontium, torrentium<lb></lb>que ac lacuum cauſam diximus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg261"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002346"><margin.target id="marg259"></margin.target>Flumen cur <lb></lb>nullum ſal<lb></lb>ſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002347"><margin.target id="marg260"></margin.target>Cur flumina <lb></lb>matutinò <lb></lb>maximè <lb></lb>creſcunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002348"><margin.target id="marg261"></margin.target>Mare cur <lb></lb>ſalſum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002349">Reliquum eſt, vt doceamus, quænam ſit <lb></lb>cauſa, cur mare ſit ſalſum. </s> <s id="s.002350">Iuxta Ariſtote<lb></lb>lis ſententiam, quæ à paucis intellecta eſt, <lb></lb>ea eſt aſſiduus imbrium in ipſum caſus, iam <lb></lb>ab æterno perſeuerans. </s> <s id="s.002351">Quanquam enim <lb></lb>non hoc in mare loco, quo nunc iacet, æter<lb></lb>num ſit, cum tamen è mari mare fiat, æter<lb></lb>num eſſe ac fuiſſe neceſſarium eſt continui<lb></lb>tate aquarum. </s> <s id="s.002352">Inditio eſt, quòd omnia ab <lb></lb>vno deriuantur, Mediterraneum, Rubrum, <lb></lb>Euxinum, Caſpium, Magalianum, Hyper<lb></lb>boreum, Germanicum, Herculeum, Canta<lb></lb>bricum, Britannicum, Sarmaticum. </s> <s id="s.002353">Indicum <lb></lb>Africum, Balthicum, Glaciale: tum ſinus, <lb></lb>vt Barbaricus, Atlanticus, Magnus, Arabi<lb></lb>cus, Perſicus, Mæotíſque palus, Oceani par<lb></lb>tes ſunt, aut germina. </s> <s id="s.002354">Neque ignoro Pto<lb></lb>lomæum de Caſpij maris ortu aliud ſentire, <lb></lb>ipſumque ab Oceano ſeparare: at non ex <lb></lb>ſententia Plinij, nec Strabonis, aut Solini, <lb></lb>vel Priſciani. </s> <s id="s.002355">Sed hoc parum refert, neque <lb></lb>enim repugnat, etſi non ſit, mare tamen eſſe <lb></lb>quòd cum aliis non conueniat, vt Mortuum <lb></lb>mare, & Galilææ, quæ cum inuicem con<lb></lb>ueniant, non tamen Oceani ſunt membra <lb></lb>ſunt tamen ambo ſalſa, & quòd magis mi<lb></lb>rum eſt, Mortuum etiam amarum, inde hi<lb></lb>ſtoriæ cauſam dedit, & tamen plus abeſt à <lb></lb>Syriaco, quòd eſt Mediteranei pars, quàm <lb></lb>Galilæum. </s> <s id="s.002356">Quòd igitur nullum præter hoc, <lb></lb>& Mortuum, quòd olmi Alphaltis lacus vo<lb></lb>cabatur, ab Oceano ſit ſeparatum, ſatis <lb></lb>aperſum eſt: nec prohibet quicquam, & <lb></lb>hæc per ſubterraneos ſpecus cum illo com<lb></lb>municare, atque ob id æternum dicere om<lb></lb>ne mare, aquarum non loci continuo ſta<lb></lb>tu, ſempérque ſalſum. </s> <s id="s.002357">Tria enim ad ſalſugi<lb></lb>nem ſeruandam ſufficere videntur: Solis ca<lb></lb>lor, quo terra vritur, putreſcuntque aquæ: <lb></lb>quòd non decurrat, vt flumina, imbréſque <lb></lb>excipiat. </s> <s id="s.002358">Omnis enim imbrifera aqua, quòd <lb></lb>Sole torreatur, & mora putreſcat, ſubſalſa <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002359">At lacus geniti ſunt verè, quoniam flu<lb></lb>mina à quibus fiunt initium habuerunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002360">Quamobrem etſi excipiant imbres, ſalſum <lb></lb>tamen ſaporem concipere nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.002361">Nec <lb></lb>eſſe poſſunt ſalſi lacus, niſi terra ipſa vbi <lb></lb>ſunt ſalem præferat, ob id nec magni qui<lb></lb>dem. </s> <s id="s.002362">Indicio eſſe poteſt Acronius lacus, <lb></lb>quem nunc vocant Conſtantienſem, qui <lb></lb>tametſi magnitudine mari ſimilis fermè cui<lb></lb>piam videatur, aquis tamen dulcibus, non <lb></lb>ſalſis, plenus eſt, quòd illius initium ex <lb></lb>Rheno flumine fuerit. </s> <s id="s.002363">Adiuuat tamen ad <lb></lb>maris ſalſuginem illius immenſa vaſtitas, in <lb></lb>qua velut & in amplo terræ ſpacio ſalis <lb></lb>montes non paucos contineri neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002364">Ergo ſale diſſoluto, adiuuante præcipuè illo <lb></lb>quotidiano æſtu, ſalſum fieri mare totum <arrow.to.target n="marg262"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>contingit. </s> <s id="s.002365">Ob id ex dubitatione, dubitatio <lb></lb>alia non leuior oritur, cur ſcilicet mare <lb></lb>æſtum illum, atque non ſemel ſingulis die<lb></lb>bus patiatur, nec tamen omne, nec æquali<lb></lb>ter. </s> <s id="s.002366">Oceanus namque palam, & Mediterra<lb></lb>nei paucæ quædam partes, vt Adriaticus ſi<lb></lb>nus, vbi Venetiæ conditæ ſunt, fluunt ac <lb></lb>refluunt bis fermè in die vna. </s> <s id="s.002367">Sed mare iux<lb></lb>ta Æthiopiam, quod Gineghæ vocatur, qua<lb></lb>tuor horis fluere, octo refluere Aloiſius Ca<lb></lb>demuſtus memoriæ prodidit, cum cætera <lb></lb>ſenis, ac ſenis fluant, ac refluant. </s> <s id="s.002368">Cauſa ob <lb></lb>quam maria fluant, redeantque præcipua <lb></lb>eſt, quòd cum ſalſa ſint, non tamen ſuffice<lb></lb>re poterat hoc ad aquarum & aëris conſer<lb></lb>uationem. </s> <s id="s.002369">Nam ſi aqua maris non mouea<lb></lb>tur, putreſcit in vaſis, Ariſtotele teſte. </s> <s id="s.002370">At <lb></lb>quæ in Mediterraneo eſt ventis conoluſa, <lb></lb>magis agitatur, nec ob id putreſcit. </s> <s id="s.002371">Quo<lb></lb>nam pacto verò à ſyderibus ac Luna mo<lb></lb>ueatur, in Aſtronomicis edocuimus. </s> <s id="s.002372">Mouen<lb></lb>tur igitur ab Oriente in Occidentem maria <lb></lb>omnia, quæ totius habent rationem, vt <lb></lb>Oceanus, quoniam elementum quaſi vnum <lb></lb>eſt, atque hoc à ſyderibus agitur. </s> <s id="s.002373">Quæcun<lb></lb>que igitur directè iacent ad Oceanum, & <lb></lb>ipſa mouentur eo motu: quæ verò à latere, <lb></lb>nequaquam, vt Mediterraneum & Rubrum, <lb></lb>quæ à Boreali latere ſunt: nam ſic diſpoſi<lb></lb>tis locis frangi neceſle eſt impetum ab <lb></lb>Oriente & Occidente currentium aquarum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002374">Quòd etſi Mediterraneum ab Oriente vi<lb></lb>deatur poſitum, quum Oceanus ad Occiden<lb></lb>tem ſit, ſolum in reflexu ingreditur in Me<lb></lb>diterraneum: quum iam non à ſyderibus, <lb></lb>ſed grauitate ipſa vrgeatur, vnde motum <lb></lb>ſeruare non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.002375">Aliud huius eſt rei indi<lb></lb>cium, quòd in Mediterraneo ipſo, in Afri<lb></lb>cæ littore iuxta Zygrim quòd litus id rectà <lb></lb>ab Oriente in Occidentem exporrigatur, ſi<lb></lb>tu littoris leuem, Lunæ vim adiuuante, fit <lb></lb>æſtus. </s> <s id="s.002376">Mare verò Norticum, quòd iuxta <lb></lb>æquinoctij circulum eſt, è Boreali latere, <lb></lb>iuxta Pariam: celerrimè ex Oriente in Oc<lb></lb>cidentem fertui, quoniam Sol ibi robuſtior <lb></lb>aquas agit. </s> <s id="s.002377">Sed in Auſtrali Sureno, è regio<lb></lb>ne Beraguæ vehementiſſimus æſtus fit: vbi <lb></lb>verò Norticum à Boreali latere iacet, penè <lb></lb>nullus. </s> <s id="s.002378">Moueri igitur aquas in æſtu à Luna <pb pagenum="408" xlink:href="016/01/057.jpg"></pb>oſtendit æſtus magnitudo in pleniluniis no<lb></lb>uiluniiſque, paruitas in quadratis: aſcenſúſ<lb></lb>que earum, deſcenſúſque cum Luna vſque <lb></lb>ad cœli medium, tumorque illarum è ſyde<lb></lb>ris directo & reuolutionis tempus, quòd <lb></lb>horarum eſt fermè vigintiquinque. </s> <s id="s.002379">Quò in <lb></lb>ſpatio, Luna ad <expan abbr="Orientẽ">Orientem</expan> ex oriente redit. </s> <s id="s.002380"><expan abbr="Quũ">Quum</expan> <lb></lb>verò terram ſic aſtrum ſequens circumambi<lb></lb>re mare ſingulis diebus videatur, cur naues <lb></lb>vix ſex millia paſſuum, ni ventis vrgeantur, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg263"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>horâ vnâ ſuperant? </s> <s id="s.002381">Cauſa eſt, quòd non <lb></lb>tota aqua, nec vna pars Lunam ſequatur, <lb></lb>ſed proximæ in proximas transferuntur: ve<lb></lb>lut ſi quis carnem comprimens tumorem <lb></lb>eleuet, caro quidem parum loco mouebitur, <lb></lb>celerrimè tamen tumor per totum crus <lb></lb>transferetur. </s> <s id="s.002382">At in Nortiro, vbi diximus <lb></lb>penè nullum eſſe æſtum, decurſum tamen <lb></lb>trium menſium diuturnum, velut in flumi<lb></lb>ne naues celeriter moueri neceſſe eſt, quòd <lb></lb>eadem pars aquæ ſemper procedat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002383"><margin.target id="marg262"></margin.target>Maris æſtus <lb></lb>cur fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002384"><margin.target id="marg263"></margin.target>Cur in ma<lb></lb>ris æſtu na<lb></lb>ues non ce<lb></lb>lerrimè mo<lb></lb>ueantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002385">Sed poſtquam in hos ſermones incidi<lb></lb>mus, non ſilebo Philoſophi rationem, quâ <lb></lb>mundum æternum eſſe probat ex maris ſal<lb></lb>ſugine. </s> <s id="s.002386">Eſt autem hæc: Si mare initium ha<lb></lb>buit, ab initio dulce, aut ſalſum, erat non ſal<lb></lb>ſum cùm tantum ſalis non potuerit immiſ<lb></lb>ceri quodaquam corrumperet, ſyncera enim <lb></lb>omnia facta eſſe exiſtimandum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002387">Nam <lb></lb>quæ naſcuntur, vt lacus, & flumina, ſapo<lb></lb>re carent. </s> <s id="s.002388">Hoc tamen aduerſus Platonem ſo<lb></lb>lùm dirigitur, qui ( vt in Timæo habetur) <lb></lb>mundum per ſeparationem genitum exiſti<lb></lb>mauit. </s> <s id="s.002389">Ideóque Naſo dixit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Hanc Deus & melior litem natura diremit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002390">Nam cœlo terras, & terris abſcidit vndas, <lb></lb>Et liquidum ſpiſſo ſecreuit ab æthere cœlum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002391">Quæ poſtquàm euoluit, cæcóque exemit aceruo, <lb></lb>Diſſociata locis, concordi pace ligauit.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><lb></lb>Par igitur fuit nullum fuiſſe mare terra, & <lb></lb>aqua immiſtis, cùm ſalſum ſolùm miſtione <lb></lb>fiat. </s> <s id="s.002392">Quòd ſi ſapore caruit ab initio, ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſu verò temporis factum eſt ſalſum, ſal<lb></lb>ſugo ætates habet. </s> <s id="s.002393">At non habet: neque <lb></lb>enim nunc ſalſius quam olim fuit, nunquam <lb></lb>igitur mare factum eſt, itaque nec mundus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg264"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cæterum etiam ſub terra aquarum conge<lb></lb>ries ſunt lacuum ſpecie: vnde Tanais in <lb></lb>Moſcouia, Lycus in Aſia, Tygris in Meſo<lb></lb>potamia perpetuò decurſu erumpunt. </s> <s id="s.002394">Refe<lb></lb>runt & Timaum in agro Aquilienſi, & in <lb></lb>Atinate incerti nominis fontem oriri. </s> <s id="s.002395">Cum <lb></lb>enim ſint ſub terra ſpecus, nec profundi vt <lb></lb>olim in Gabienſi agro ad primum lapidem <lb></lb>à Roma, vnde currus & equi, cùm præteri<lb></lb>rent, ſolùm tremebat: nihil mirum eſt, aut <lb></lb>aquis impleri, aut dehiſcere ſponte terram, <lb></lb>aut hiantibus aërem corrumpi. </s> <s id="s.002396">Etſi parua <lb></lb>ſit hæc profunditas ad terræ magnitudinem <lb></lb>comparata, poteſt tamen vrbes ſubruere, <lb></lb>lacus admittere, montes relinquere inæqua<lb></lb>li ſpecu, cùm non quicquid è directo eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg265"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dehiſcit. </s> <s id="s.002397">At puteorum aquæ, cum ſint ſca<lb></lb>turigines quædam, quaternis pedibus, aut <lb></lb>paulò plus plerunque conduntur: nam ſi con<lb></lb>tinua eſſet aqua, terra fatiſceret, & puteis <lb></lb>eadem eſſet profunditas. </s> <s id="s.002398">Nec illorum aqua <lb></lb>hyeme calidior eſt, quàm æſtate, ſed talis <lb></lb>videtur, quoniam aër hyeme frigidus, æſta<lb></lb>te calidus, cuius comparatione eadem aqua <lb></lb>verſa vice calidior hyeme, quàm æſtate ap<lb></lb>paret: comparatione enim noſtri corporis <lb></lb>omnia tum ambientis diiudicantur. </s> <s id="s.002399">Itaque <lb></lb>fit, vt dum calidi ſumus, quæ tangimus, fri<lb></lb>gida: dum frigidi, calida iudicemus. </s> <s id="s.002400">Vnde <lb></lb>in balneo meientibus vrina frigidior vide<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.002401">Paululum & incaleſcit aqua contracto <lb></lb>calore ad intima, quia exire non poteſt, nec <lb></lb>in terræ ſuperficie expandi: ob id etiam ni<lb></lb>ues, quæ non admodum ſunt diuturnæ, fœ<lb></lb>cunditatem ſemper afferre ſolent, nonnun<lb></lb>quam etiam diuturnæ. </s> <s id="s.002402">Accedit quòd tota <lb></lb>terra in parte ea ad quam aqua poteſt per<lb></lb>uenire, bituminoſa, aut ſalſa, aut denique <lb></lb>metallica eſt, quo fit vt halitus concluſi <lb></lb>aquam calefaciant. </s> <s id="s.002403">Et ob id etiam contin<lb></lb>git, quòd tamen rarum eſt, aliquos fontes <lb></lb>calidiores hyeme eſſe, miraculi ſpecie qua<lb></lb>dam, quàm æſtate. </s> <s id="s.002404">Sunt autem hæ aquæ ob <lb></lb>id odoratæ, aut grauiter olentes, ſaporiſ<lb></lb>que haud inſipidi, quos cum ſcatent, agnoſ<lb></lb>cere promptum eſt, atque ab his, aut caue<lb></lb>re, aut vti. </s> <s id="s.002405">Sed ſi lateant, an ſubſint in ari<lb></lb>do loco, & quales ſint, hac arte deprehen<lb></lb>duntur. </s> <s id="s.002406">Vas plumbeum, vel figulinam ollam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg266"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nouam, ſi illius copia non ſit, oleo prius in<lb></lb>tus illitam, lana ſicca candida, quæ lapil<lb></lb>lum in medio contineat, fundo eius anne<lb></lb>xa cum cera, ſub terra per quatuor paſſus ſub <lb></lb>ſolis occaſu, ore vaſis inferius verſo, defodi<lb></lb>to diligenter ne lana excidat, egeſtáque ter<lb></lb>ra ſenſim obruito Subſequenti luce effoſſo <lb></lb>vaſe lanam conſidera: quæ ſi non procul <lb></lb>abſit, lapilli & noctis frigore, tum humido <lb></lb>illiti olei conceptos halitus terræ in aquæ <lb></lb>guttulas vertet: expreſſam igitur collige, <lb></lb>quæ ſi pauca eſt, plurimum adhuc abeſſe <lb></lb>aquam coniicito: ſi multa, parum. </s> <s id="s.002407">Qualis <lb></lb>verò ſit, de ore ac guſtu facilè intelliges. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002408">Sunt enim quædam harum, tum etiam <expan abbr="extã-tium">extan<lb></lb>tium</expan> in ſuperficie, quæ non ſolum ſal, bitu<lb></lb>menue oleant, ſed etiam ferueant, vt Apo<lb></lb>ni iuxta Paduam: adeóque frequentes, vt <lb></lb>nulla propemodum prouincia his careat, <lb></lb>cùm in pluribus etiam multis in locis fon<lb></lb>tes erumpant. </s> <s id="s.002409">Gallia abundat illis, multò <lb></lb>plus Germania, & longè magis omnium bo<lb></lb>norum parens Italia. </s> <s id="s.002410">Cauſam huius eſſe ne<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg267"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ceſſe eſt ignem, aut putredinem, aut calo<lb></lb>rem naturalem, vel cœleſtem. </s> <s id="s.002411">Cœleſtis haud <lb></lb>tantus eſſe poteſt, præſertim hyeme, noctú<lb></lb>que, vt eo aquæ ferueant. </s> <s id="s.002412">Naturalis actu <lb></lb>non eſt, niſi in animalibus, quoniam animam <lb></lb>& ſenſum habent. </s> <s id="s.002413">Putridus tantus eſſe ne<lb></lb>quit, nec verò ſimile eſt materiam ſimul ge<lb></lb>nerari ac putreſcere. </s> <s id="s.002414">Diuturnitas enim hu<lb></lb>ius miraculi declarat generationis ipſius ma<lb></lb>teriæ neceſſitatem. </s> <s id="s.002415">Relinquitur igitur cau<lb></lb>ſam potiùs in igne eſſe: nam calor niſi ad <lb></lb>ſummum peruenerit, motum habet leuem, <lb></lb>& ob id ſponte extinguitur. </s> <s id="s.002416">Sed ignis duæ <lb></lb>ſunt ſpecies, pruna & flamma. </s> <s id="s.002417">Flammam <lb></lb>eſſe ibi, non eſt rationi conſentaneum: nam <lb></lb>reſpiratione manifeſta indiget, plurimum<lb></lb>que abſumit materiæ, vt integri montes bi<lb></lb>tuminis, vel <expan abbr="mẽſe">menſe</expan> toto arderent. </s> <s id="s.002418">Terræmotus <pb pagenum="409" xlink:href="016/01/058.jpg"></pb>etiam frequens ob exhalationem ſequere<lb></lb>tur: aqua verò adhuc longè eſſet feruidior, <lb></lb>aliquandoque viſa foret, erumperetque per <lb></lb>interualla his in locis, cum tamen nunquam <lb></lb>viſa ſit. </s> <s id="s.002419">Indicio eſt flammam ſub terra non <lb></lb>poſſe eſſe perpetuam, quòd vbi erumpit, <lb></lb>nunquam niſi per interualla id contigit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg268"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Contingit autem, vt obſeruatum eſt, hoc <lb></lb>ob ventos. </s> <s id="s.002420">Nam quum venti ſæuiunt iux<lb></lb>ta loca, è quibus flamma erumpere ſolet, <lb></lb>tunc poſtridie, aut perendie, expectanda <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002421">Hoc autem fit calore intimo, velut in <lb></lb>calce ab externo frigore intus coacto, in<lb></lb>de accenſo ſulphure bitumineve, velut à <lb></lb>follibus flamma augetur. </s> <s id="s.002422">Hoc autem eſt <lb></lb>quòd ſuprà demonſtrare polliciti ſumus, <lb></lb>dum de Ætnæ crateribus ſermonem habe<lb></lb>remus. </s> <s id="s.002423">Auctus igitur erumpit ea ratione, <lb></lb>quæ de cuniculis demonſtrata eſt. </s> <s id="s.002424">Hæc <lb></lb>omnia ergo ſi conferantur inuicem, prunam <lb></lb>ſubeſſe certò concludemus. </s> <s id="s.002425">Sed vnde alitur, <lb></lb>vnde motus, vnde reſpiratio? </s> <s id="s.002426">his enim tri<lb></lb>bus ignem indigere ſuperiùs eſt demonſtra<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.002427">Reſpirationem probet lapis aridus, ac <lb></lb>fungoſus, ignem fouens non aliter ad vn<lb></lb>guem quam calidus cinis. </s> <s id="s.002428">Motum exhibet <lb></lb>materia noua quæ perpetuo accenditur, <lb></lb>atque ita ignis ſedem mutans mouetur. </s> <s id="s.002429">Sic <lb></lb>enim in fuligine apud nos, quamdiu ſupereſt <lb></lb>ignis ſerpens, ſeruatur. </s> <s id="s.002430">Nec idcircò conci<lb></lb>pit flammam, quòd bitumen illud impu<lb></lb>rum eſt, atque terræ miſtum. </s> <s id="s.002431">In omnibus <lb></lb>igitur fuligini perſimilis eſt materia il<lb></lb>la quæ ſub terra ardet, vnde fuliginem <lb></lb>bituminis ſpeciem eſſe haud dubium <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002432">Cur igitur in flammam non erum<lb></lb>pat, cauſæ due ſunt: altera, quòd bitu<lb></lb>men impurum ſit: reliqua, quòd non reſ<lb></lb>pirat. </s> <s id="s.002433">Itaque fit vt tenuior quandoque pars <lb></lb>illius aſcendatur, flammamque emittat, <lb></lb>tuncque terræ motus & ſonitus exauditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002434">Sed materia non ſuppetente, quòd ſaxo <lb></lb>miſta ſit, nec benè reſpiret, non erumpit, <lb></lb>ſed ſpontè mouetur. </s> <s id="s.002435">Sed quonam pacto <lb></lb>ignis concluſus non extinguitur, aut ſaltem <lb></lb>dum materiam depaſcitur, ſedem non mu<lb></lb>tat? </s> <s id="s.002436">Cur non extinguatur cauſæ duæ ſunt, <lb></lb>bitumen & frigus aquæ, à quo cogitur calor <lb></lb>intus, nec ſecus quam in calce ignem accen<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.002437">Illud idem frigus ignem in loco eodem <lb></lb>retinet, qua ſemper ſub aqua. </s> <s id="s.002438">Sed longo <lb></lb>ſpatio aqua feruet, anguſto erumpit. </s> <s id="s.002439">Verum <lb></lb>quòd paruus ignis tanto feruori ſufficiat, <lb></lb>quatuor ſunt cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.002440">Prima, quæ non reſpi<lb></lb>rat, vt in æſtuariis. </s> <s id="s.002441">Secunda lapidis natura <lb></lb>quæ tophus eſt per ſe calidus, multum con<lb></lb>cipiens caloris, ac ſtabilem reddenſque af<lb></lb>fatim. </s> <s id="s.002442">Tertia cinis, quæ relictus eſt calidus, <lb></lb>ac plurimus & ſuapte natura ſiccior: vnde <lb></lb>etiam infuſa aqua hic noſter quæ longè <lb></lb>imbecillior eſt, illam excalefacit. </s> <s id="s.002443">Accedit <lb></lb>vltimò quòd aqua illa diuiſa eſt per riuu<lb></lb>los, facileque ob id calorem concipiens ac <lb></lb>retinens, quæ ſi in vnum coacta eſſet, vix <lb></lb>totius montis incendio incaleſceret, & ca<lb></lb>lefacta celerrimè etiam rediret ad propriam <lb></lb>naturam: ob id nullum mare, nullus la<lb></lb>cus, nullum flumen feruere poteſt ob aqua<lb></lb>rum abundantiam. </s> <s id="s.002444">Fontes, atque vt eò <lb></lb>minores, ſic acrius ſole ebulliunt. </s> <s id="s.002445">Sed cur <lb></lb>non maior pars accenditur bituminis? </s> <s id="s.002446">quo<lb></lb>niam ſolum id accendi poteſt, quod ab <lb></lb>aqueo humido ſpoliatur. </s> <s id="s.002447">Cùm verò totum <lb></lb>ſcateat hoc humido bitumen, atque hoc ip<lb></lb>ſo à ſulphure differat, priuſque accendatur, <lb></lb>ſiccari neceſſe eſt, diuque ob id proximo <lb></lb>igni etiam reluctari: ita fit vt valde ſen<lb></lb>ſim ignis adiunctam ſibi materiam depaſca<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.002448">Cum igitur nec creſcere multum, nec <lb></lb>penitus extingui ignis ob dictas cauſas <lb></lb>queat, multa verò ſit materia illi parata, <lb></lb>paucuſque ad feruorem ſeruandum calor ſuſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg269"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ficiat, neceſſe eſt ipſum feruorem multis <lb></lb>ſeculis manere. </s> <s id="s.002449">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, <lb></lb>quod omnes aqua, quæ feruent, natura le<lb></lb>ues ſunt, & medica præditæ facultate. </s> <s id="s.002450">Sed <lb></lb>non talis eſt, quæ vſui apta eſt ad ſeruan<lb></lb>dam valetudinem. </s> <s id="s.002451">Optima enim aqua co<lb></lb>lore, odore, ſaporeque caret, pellucidaque <lb></lb>exiſtit, atque epota non moratur in ventre: <lb></lb>talis Eulæi fluminis qui per Suſianam è <lb></lb>Zagro monte profluit, nam eam Perſarum <lb></lb>Reges ſecum in expeditionibus deferebant: <lb></lb>tantum fuit illis diligentiæ ad vitam tuen<lb></lb>dam. </s> <s id="s.002452">Nam in eius conſeruatione proxima <lb></lb>eſt aëri aqua, vt in Commentariis ſuper <lb></lb>tractatu de Temperamentis Auicennæ de<lb></lb>monſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.002453">Neque mirum videri debet <lb></lb>quòd Artaxerxes Longimanus tamdiu vi<lb></lb>xerit, cum Perſarum reges tantam curam in <lb></lb>aëre & aqua deligendis impenderent. </s> <s id="s.002454">Sed lo<lb></lb>co Eulæi apud Ælianum Choaſpem inue<lb></lb>nio. </s> <s id="s.002455">Inueni & flumen eſſe iucundiſſimi ſa<lb></lb>poris inter Gangem & Indum, ex quo quæ <lb></lb>non poſſunt regionis accolæ bibere, percur<lb></lb>ſores tranſlatis aquis bibunt. </s> <s id="s.002456">Sed Coaſpes <lb></lb>in Mediæ regione eſſe creditur, Stabone ta<lb></lb>men aliter ſentiente: ſed ſi in India eſſet, <lb></lb>Perſepolim vix transferri potuit. </s> <s id="s.002457">Coaſpis <lb></lb>igitur aqua optima ſit: Eulæi verò iucunda, <lb></lb>& ipſa, atque in vſu Perſarum regibus In<lb></lb>diam optimas & iucundiſſimas aquas habe<lb></lb>re certum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002458">His proxima bonitate Niloti<lb></lb>ca, reliquorum maiorum fluminum vix vlla <lb></lb>probatur. </s> <s id="s.002459">Sed de his ſpecialiter alibi tracta<lb></lb>uimus. </s> <s id="s.002460">Sunt aliæ frigiditate celebres, olim ex <lb></lb>Corinthio agro è montis vertice fluens, ni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg270"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ue frigidior. </s> <s id="s.002461">Refert Georg. </s> <s id="s.002462">Agricola intra <lb></lb>primum à Culma lapidem, Inſanam, voca<lb></lb>tam, quæ cum feruere videatur, eſſe frigi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg271"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diſſimam. </s> <s id="s.002463">In Bohemia rurſus iuxta flumen <lb></lb><expan abbr="Egrã">Egram</expan>, Furioſa, appellata, quæ & ipſa ampul<lb></lb>lis feruens non frigore, ſed tonitru potiùs <lb></lb>edito inſignis: ſic auribus cadendo obſtrepit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002464">Simili modo poſtquam Conſtantienſem la<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg272"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cum iuxta Scaphuſiam exiuit è rupib. </s> <s id="s.002465">Rhe<lb></lb>nus adeò altis præcipitatur, vt procul multis <lb></lb>paſſuum millibus audiatur, propè verò to<lb></lb>nitrui ſimilis fragor videatur. </s> <s id="s.002466">Nam ſtrepi<lb></lb>tus aquarum cauſa eſt caſus ab alto, aut exi<lb></lb>tus cum impetu ex anguſtis locis: ſicut frigo<lb></lb>ris niues, marmora, metalla, cœlum rigens, <lb></lb>motuſque rapidus, tum caſus ab alto, & quod <lb></lb>maximum eſt, permiſtio halinitri: nam hoc <lb></lb>inferius demonſtrabitur. </s> <s id="s.002467">Sed frigiditas hæc <lb></lb>in quibuſdam fontibus perpetua non eſt: ve<lb></lb>lut in Hiſpaniæ agro quodam oppidi Peſ<lb></lb>queræ de Duero, iuxta magnum flumen Du<lb></lb>rium, à Fortunatis diſtat 11. partibus, ab æ<lb></lb>quinoctij circulo 42. fons qui ab initio veris <pb pagenum="410" xlink:href="016/01/059.jpg"></pb>aquam profert, inde æſtate copioſiſſimam: <lb></lb>autumni autem principio ſiccari incipit, <lb></lb>ſiccuſque hyeme manet. </s> <s id="s.002468">Blaſius de Villa <lb></lb>Franca Hiſpanus medicus cauſam eſſe pu<lb></lb>tat (<expan abbr="nãm">namm</expan> is hoc ſcripſit tanquam ei comper<lb></lb>tum) profunditatem aluei, ob quam æſtate <lb></lb>non ſiccatur, hyeme à calidis viſceribus ter<lb></lb>ræ abſumitur. </s> <s id="s.002469">Sed nos oſtendimus hyeme <lb></lb>terræ intima non ſimpliciter eſſe calidiora <lb></lb>quam æſtate, ſed comparatione ad aërem <lb></lb>habita. </s> <s id="s.002470">Quoniam igitur frigidiſſima eſt, ha<lb></lb>linitro participat. </s> <s id="s.002471">Æſtate autem fluit deriua<lb></lb>tis riuulis à montibus, cum niues liquari in<lb></lb>cipiunt. </s> <s id="s.002472">Autumno ſiccatur, cum quę è mon<lb></lb>tibus fluere deſierint ſub terra, ob idque <lb></lb>hyeme ſiccus manet: neque enim niues ſol<lb></lb>uuntur ob gelu. </s> <s id="s.002473">Videtur autem hoc quaſi <lb></lb>generale eſſe, vt vere & æſtate, magis tur<lb></lb>geant fluuij, quam autumno, multò autem <lb></lb>minus hyeme. </s> <s id="s.002474">Diſtet hic fons à Vagliadolit <lb></lb>Pintia, olim famoſiſſima vrbe, paſſibus XX. <lb></lb>M. </s> <s id="s.002475">Referunt etiam in Elbogano, aquam <lb></lb>ſtrepere non leuiter, acidique eſſe ſaporis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002476">Meminit Ariſtoteles aquam fuiſſe olim in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg273"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sicanio agro Siciliæ, qua incolæ, pro aceto <lb></lb>vterentur. </s> <s id="s.002477">Quid mirum? </s> <s id="s.002478">Accepi, iuxta Ro<lb></lb>mam in Villa Cardinalis Triultij inuentam <lb></lb>ſaporis auſteri aquam, atque eam ſaluberri<lb></lb>mam, ob id ſolitam aſportari longius vt vi<lb></lb>no miſceatur ad conciliandam gratiam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002479">Conſtat autem alumine concocto, atque be<lb></lb>ne temperato humido, fieri auſtrum: nam <lb></lb>ſponte aſtrigens eſt. </s> <s id="s.002480">Cum tamen vino <lb></lb>miſcetur alumen, creditur dyſenterias <lb></lb>excitare. </s> <s id="s.002481">Sic referunt in Cardia iuxta lacum <lb></lb>Daſcyli, in loco qui vocatur Campus al<lb></lb>bus, aquam eſſe lacte dulciorem: aliam quo<lb></lb>que iuxta pontem qua itur Valdeburgum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg274"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sunt & quæ vinum referant, vt olim in Na<lb></lb>xo inſula vna ex Cycladibus Ægei pelagi: <lb></lb>vnde in 3. Eleg. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>En tibi per mediam bene olentia flumina. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002482">Naxon, (<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>Propertius. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Vnde tuum potat Naxia turba merum:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002483"><margin.target id="marg264"></margin.target>Flumina <lb></lb>ſub terra & <lb></lb>ex illa <lb></lb>erumpentia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002484">Specus ſub <lb></lb>terra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002485"><margin.target id="marg265"></margin.target>Aqua pu<lb></lb>teorum cur <lb></lb>hyome cali<lb></lb>dæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002486"><margin.target id="marg266"></margin.target>Quomodo in <lb></lb>aridis locis <lb></lb>aqua an <lb></lb>ſubſit, & <lb></lb>qualis ſit, <lb></lb>exploremus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002487"><margin.target id="marg267"></margin.target>Fontium <lb></lb>feruentium <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002488"><margin.target id="marg268"></margin.target>Incendia <lb></lb>montium cur <lb></lb>& quando <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002489"><margin.target id="marg269"></margin.target>Optimæ a<lb></lb>quæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002490"><margin.target id="marg270"></margin.target>Aquæ frigi<lb></lb>diſſimæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002491"><margin.target id="marg271"></margin.target>Aquæ maxi<lb></lb>mum edentes <lb></lb>ſtrepitum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002492"><margin.target id="marg272"></margin.target>Cauſa ſtre<lb></lb>pitus aqua<lb></lb>rum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002493">Cauſa fri<lb></lb>giditatis <lb></lb>aquarum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002494"><margin.target id="marg273"></margin.target>Aquarum <lb></lb>ſapores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002495"><margin.target id="marg274"></margin.target>Hydromel <lb></lb>tranſit in <lb></lb>vinum ve<lb></lb>tuſtate. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002496">Cauſa ſapo<lb></lb>ris <expan abbr="aquarũ">aquarum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002497">Quid mirum, cum referant Plin. & Dioſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg275"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>corides hydromel vetuſtate tranſire in vi<lb></lb>num. </s> <s id="s.002498">Ariſtoteles cauſam ſaporum aquæ in <lb></lb>calorem retulit. </s> <s id="s.002499">Terra enim excocta mutat <lb></lb>& probet ſaporem aquæ. </s> <s id="s.002500">Sic etiam oleo per<lb></lb>fuſi fontes quidam videntur, vt in Saxonia <lb></lb>iuxta nobile Brunonis oppidum, & in Sue<lb></lb>uia iuxta cœnobium, cui Degerſe lacus no<lb></lb>men eſt: & rurſus in valle montis Iuraſſi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002501">Cauſa eſt bitumen valde pingue: nam bitu<lb></lb>men oleum continere haud dubium eſt. </s> <s id="s.002502">Ita<lb></lb>que cum aqua eluitur oleo aqua innatanti, <lb></lb>fontem olei probet. </s> <s id="s.002503">Verum totum ex oleo <lb></lb>conſtare haud credendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002504">Quid mirum <lb></lb>igitur Alexandri iuxta tabernaculum fon<lb></lb>tem olei ſcaturiſſe, vt Arianus omnium <lb></lb>Græcorum hiſtoricorum maximè verax re<lb></lb>fert: Aut Romæ temporibus Auguſti At non <lb></lb>natus eſt: non contendo, in his nihil refert, <lb></lb>quandoquidem oſtendimus fieri poſſe, & <lb></lb>quomodo: nam rarò hæc eueniunt, & paucis <lb></lb>in locis, vnde prodigij loco habentur, cum <lb></lb>euenerint. </s> <s id="s.002505">Alij ad Deum talia referunt. </s> <s id="s.002506">Vnde <lb></lb>in Elide Peloponenſi regione aqua Alphei <lb></lb>cineres ſacrificiorum Olympicorum in Mal<lb></lb>tam cum tranſirent, in ſuperſtirionem ver<lb></lb>ſum, quæ ob aqua pinguedinem fiebat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002507">Sunt & acres aquæ quaſi pinguibus oppoſi<lb></lb>tæ, vt Golnicij. </s> <s id="s.002508">Eadem eſt ratio calorum: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg276"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nam candida ad ſecundum lapidem à Clau<lb></lb>ca Miſenæ oppido: rubea, vt in Radera <lb></lb>Miſenæ fluuio iuxta Radeburgum, & olim <lb></lb>in Iudæa iuxta Ioppen: viridis in Carpato <lb></lb>monte iuxta Neuſolam: cærulea, vt Blaua <lb></lb>inter Feltrium ac Taruiſium, & in Ther<lb></lb>mopylis etiam talem fuiſſe referunt: ni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg277"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gerrima in Alera fluuio Saxoniæ, vbi in <lb></lb>Viſurgim ſe exonerat. </s> <s id="s.002509">Cauſæ ſunt argillæ <lb></lb>calores, ſed tenuioris, nam craſſa non hæ<lb></lb>ret aqua ideò neque tingit. </s> <s id="s.002510">Quædam etiam <lb></lb>calorem mutant, vt Nilus cum ſiccitatibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg278"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>areſcit, autore Theophraſto. </s> <s id="s.002511">Quædam ma<lb></lb>nent incorruptæ, vt Tyberis. </s> <s id="s.002512">Similis ratio <lb></lb>differentiæ eſt in odoribus. </s> <s id="s.002513">Plerunque tamen <lb></lb>aquarum odores iniucundi ſunt, quòd ( vt <lb></lb>dictum eſt ) rarò terra benè oleat. </s> <s id="s.002514">Peſſimè <lb></lb>olim fœtebat in Elide Anigri fluminis <lb></lb>aqua, vſque ad perniciem non ſolùm piſ<lb></lb>cium, ſed hominum. </s> <s id="s.002515">Et iuxta Methonem in <lb></lb>Meſſana in puteo quodam optimè olens <lb></lb>haurirebatur aqua: odor enim referebat <lb></lb>Cyzicenum emplaſtrum. </s> <s id="s.002516">Porrò Cyzicenum <lb></lb>emplaſtrum croco, myrrha, thure, & iride <lb></lb>radice, redolentibus ſuauiter conſtabat. </s> <s id="s.002517">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd contrariorum con<lb></lb>trariæ ſunt cauſæ: & quòd ſalubres quæ be<lb></lb>ne olent, & prauæ quæ fœtent. </s> <s id="s.002518">Habent & <lb></lb>vim aliæ aquæ alias progignendi plantas, <lb></lb>atque illud perpetua ratione obſeruatum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002519">Nam Mæander fluuius myricas, Aſopus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg279"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Bœotius inncos altis cum radicibus, Nilus <lb></lb>Perſiam arborem nutrit. </s> <s id="s.002520">Atque ex his etiam <lb></lb>vires aquarum coniectari licebit. </s> <s id="s.002521">Sunt au<lb></lb>tem aliæ graues, aliæ leues. </s> <s id="s.002522">Leuior eſt omnis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg280"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aqua, Ariſtotele teſte, non ſolum in flumini<lb></lb>bus, ſed fontibus ac puteis, quæ ſuperna<lb></lb>tat: ſicut grauiſſima, quæ in imo: eadem <lb></lb>ratio partium, quæ totius. </s> <s id="s.002523">Deſcendunt <lb></lb>enim quæque grauia: quæ autem leuia, <lb></lb>ſupernatant. </s> <s id="s.002524">Refer Strabo, Eulæi aquam <lb></lb>aliis drachma, ſub acetabuli menſura fuiſ<lb></lb>ſe leuiorem. </s> <s id="s.002525">Eſt autem hoc iuxta Plinij <lb></lb>doctrinam, parte quintadecima. </s> <s id="s.002526">Sed ab <lb></lb>his ad aquarum miracula tranſeamus. </s> <s id="s.002527">Sunt <lb></lb>enim aquæ maximarum virium, vt etiam <lb></lb>ligna in lapides vertere ſoleant. </s> <s id="s.002528">Refert <lb></lb>Albertus Magnus, in Danico mari iux<lb></lb>ta Lubecenſem vrbem, ſua ætate inuen<lb></lb>tum arboris ramum cum nido & pullis; <lb></lb>qui cùm in lapidem cum arbore & ni<lb></lb>do eſſent conuerſi, purpureum tamen ad<lb></lb>huc colorem ſuum retinebant. </s> <s id="s.002529">Et Ceor<lb></lb>gius Agricola in Elbogano tractu iuxta <lb></lb>oppidum à Falconibus cognominatum, in<lb></lb>tegras cum cortice abietes in lapidem ver<lb></lb>ſas eſſe: atque quod maius eſt, in rimis <lb></lb>etiam pyritidem lapidem continere. </s> <s id="s.002530">Et <lb></lb>Domitius Bruſonius in Sylare amne, qui <lb></lb>radices montis eius, qui eſt in agro vrbis <lb></lb>Vrſentinorum olim, nunc Conturſij, lam<lb></lb>bit, folia & arborum ramos in lapides tran<lb></lb>ſire, non fide aliorum, ſed propria, vt qui <lb></lb>incola ſit regionis. </s> <s id="s.002531">Cortices autem lapidum <lb></lb>annos numero oſten dere. </s> <s id="s.002532">Sic guttæ Gottici <lb></lb>fontis (hoc enim nomen à vulgo inditum eſt) <lb></lb>ſparſæ lapideſcunt. </s> <s id="s.002533">Et in Dacia, Cepuſij <pb pagenum="411" xlink:href="016/01/060.jpg"></pb>aqua in vrceos transfuſa lapideſcit. </s> <s id="s.002534">Non <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg281"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tamen horum omnium eadem ratio: nam <lb></lb>quæ calore mutant alia in lapides, tutò bi<lb></lb>bi poſſunt, quoniam circa omnes calidas <lb></lb>aquas fungoſi lapides generantur: at <lb></lb>qui fontes concreſcunt, frigore gypſei <lb></lb>ſunt, ac non veneni expertes: nam fri<lb></lb>gus omnia durat, & cogit in lapides. </s> <s id="s.002535">Ob <lb></lb>id in fluminum alueis, & ob perennem <lb></lb>motum, qui terram aufert, lapidum copia <lb></lb>ſemper fermè adeſt, ni lento motu fluant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002536">In mari tamen lapides ( Ariſtotele teſte) ſic <lb></lb>generantur. </s> <s id="s.002537">Ex colluſione enim fluctuum <lb></lb>ſpuma gignitur, quæ ab aliis rurſus flucti<lb></lb>bus cogitur, demum à ſalſugine ſiccata, addi<lb></lb>taque arena tenuiore, concreſcit in lapidem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002538">Et quamvis hęc de lapidibus tantum dicta <lb></lb>ſint, qui in mati generantur. </s> <s id="s.002539">De omnibus <lb></lb>tamen erunt intelligenda, qui in aquis or<lb></lb>tum habent. </s> <s id="s.002540">Sed in fluminibus & torrenti<lb></lb>bus ac frontibus frigiditas eſt loco ſalſugi<lb></lb>nis, quæ cogit. </s> <s id="s.002541">Hæc autem calor eſt qui<lb></lb>dam: nam calorum quidam diſſoluendo, <lb></lb>quidam cogendo, vtrique autem <expan abbr="concoquẽ-do">concoquen<lb></lb>do</expan> generant. </s> <s id="s.002542">Qui autem cogendo, frigidi<lb></lb>tas ob id dicitur, quia Galeno teſte, nihil <lb></lb>in homine frigido coactum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002543">Minor ita<lb></lb>que eſt, hic calor humano quamobrem fri<lb></lb>giditatem appellamus. </s> <s id="s.002544">Communia igitur <lb></lb>ſunt, à tenuiore terra & à ſpuma generari. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002545">In torrentibus igitur plures generantur la<lb></lb>pides & in fluuis currrentibus, quoniam <lb></lb>arena tenuior, & frigiditas maior, & ſpuma <lb></lb>copioſior. </s> <s id="s.002546">Manifeſtum eſt autem quòd ſpu<lb></lb>ma conſtat pinguiore aquæ parte: at<lb></lb>que ſic lapides viuunt, nam & ſic plan<lb></lb>tæ oriuntur. </s> <s id="s.002547">Ariſtoteli igitur hoc debe<lb></lb>mus, qui nobis tot bonorum ſemina re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg282"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>liquit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002548"><margin.target id="marg275"></margin.target>Fontes <expan abbr="oleũ">oleum</expan> <lb></lb>ſtillantes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002549">Cur fontes <lb></lb>oleum <expan abbr="ſtillẽt">ſtillent</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002550"><margin.target id="marg276"></margin.target>Aquarum <lb></lb>colores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002551"><margin.target id="marg277"></margin.target>Cauſæ colo<lb></lb>rum aquæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002552"><margin.target id="marg278"></margin.target>Aquarum <lb></lb>odores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002553"><margin.target id="marg279"></margin.target>Aquæ arbo<lb></lb>res diuerſas <lb></lb>nutrientes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002554"><margin.target id="marg280"></margin.target>Aquarum à <lb></lb>pondere dif<lb></lb>ferentiæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002555">Lib. 15. in fi<lb></lb>ne. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002556">Lib. 21. cap. <lb></lb> vlt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002557">Aquæ qua <lb></lb>lapideſcunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002558">& arbores <lb></lb>mutant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002559"><margin.target id="marg281"></margin.target>Ratio eorum <lb></lb>quæ lapideſ<lb></lb>cunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002560"><margin.target id="marg282"></margin.target>Aqua Sty<lb></lb>gia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002561">Sunt & alia aquarum miracula. </s> <s id="s.002562">Nam ru<lb></lb>pe altiſſima iuxta Cyllenem montem olim <lb></lb>oriebatur aqua, quæ omnia vaſa terrebra<lb></lb>bat, ſolaque equi vngula licebat eam de<lb></lb>ferre. </s> <s id="s.002563">Hanc Stygiam vocabant, credo quòd <lb></lb>ad manes homines mitteret. </s> <s id="s.002564">Referunt ea <lb></lb>ſublatum Alexandrum Magnum. </s> <s id="s.002565">Miſcetur <lb></lb>hæc aqua poſtquàm pet riuulos deſcenderit <lb></lb>Crathin fluuio. </s> <s id="s.002566">Ioſephus quoque Iudæus <lb></lb>refert, fuiſſe iuxta Syriam in Iudæa inter <lb></lb>Arcas & Raphanas vrbes Agrippæ ſubie<lb></lb>ctas regi, fluuium nomine Sabbaticum, qui <lb></lb>diebus ſingulis flueret præterquam Sabba<lb></lb>to, vnde ob hoc Sabbaticum nuncupatum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002567">Relatum ad religionem à rudi & credula <lb></lb>plebe, quòd cauſa naturali conſtat. </s> <s id="s.002568">Nam <lb></lb>tantum aquarum cogebatur, vt in ſex dies <lb></lb>ſufficeret, ſeptimæ non ſufficeret. </s> <s id="s.002569">Ea<lb></lb>dem enim cauſa in circuitibus febrium <lb></lb>hominibus. </s> <s id="s.002570">Mundus autem homo ma<lb></lb>gnus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002571">Communia autem ſunt aquis & aëri, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg283"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ętheri ac cœlo, motus ac perſpicuitas. </s> <s id="s.002572">Æthe<lb></lb>ri propria leuitas, puritas, tenuitas, motus <lb></lb>celerrimus, & quod ſit qualitatum expers, <lb></lb>non tamen magis, quàm cœlum. </s> <s id="s.002573">Aquæ verò <lb></lb>quoniam multæ ſunt ſpecies, ideò nihil fer<lb></lb>mè poteſt habere commune. </s> <s id="s.002574">Sunt enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg284"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aquæ maris, lacus, fluminum, paludum, ſta<lb></lb>gnorum, torrentium, fontium, puteorum, <lb></lb>nimboſæ, procelloſę, niuoſę, glaciales, ca<lb></lb>lidæ, & quæ ciſterna colliguntur, & lacuna<lb></lb>les, vt ita dicam. </s> <s id="s.002575">Optimæ fontium: glacia<lb></lb>lis ventriculum & artus debilitat, vt niuo<lb></lb>ſa, ac procelloſa, ex alto enim & frigido lo<lb></lb>co illa deſcendit: minus tamen mala quàm <lb></lb>niuoſa, vt illa glaciali: marina medicinæ <lb></lb>apta. </s> <s id="s.002576">Torrentium & rapidorum fluuiorum, <lb></lb>& lacuum aqua, ſed hæc minus, hydropis <lb></lb>genus creat quod vocant aſcitem. </s> <s id="s.002577">Mollium <lb></lb>fluuiorum aquæ, vt Nili, Eridani, Tyberis, <lb></lb>proximæ fontanis: paludum mala, ſtagno<lb></lb>rum deterior, peſſima lacunæ: nam pręter <lb></lb>hydropem, gulu herniam gignit: malum ha<lb></lb>bitum creat corporis, & morbum regium, <lb></lb>febres, ac breuem vitam. </s> <s id="s.002578">Calidarum non vna <lb></lb>vis: ſed de his in medicis tractationibus di<lb></lb>ctum eſt, ſicut & de collectis in ciſterna: <lb></lb>Nimboſæ falſum ( vt dixi) ac ſemiputridum <lb></lb>continent. </s> <s id="s.002579">Leuiſſimæ in omni genere tutio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg285"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>res, & ſeriùs putreſcunt: ſunt enim minus <lb></lb>humidæ, & magis concoctæ à cœleſti calo<lb></lb>re: quo fit, vt quò ſunt ſicciores, & minus <lb></lb>etiam frigefaciant ( proximiores enim aëris <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ ſunt ) eò leuiores ſint, diffici<lb></lb>liuſque putreſcant, vnde longè <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ſalu<lb></lb>briores. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002580"><margin.target id="marg283"></margin.target>Aether & <lb></lb>aqua in qui<lb></lb>bus conue<lb></lb>niant ac <lb></lb>diſſideant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002581"><margin.target id="marg284"></margin.target>Aquarum à <lb></lb>locis <expan abbr="differẽtiæ">differen<lb></lb>tiæ</expan> . <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002582">Aquarum <lb></lb>naturæ ac <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002583"><margin.target id="marg285"></margin.target>Cur leuiſſi<lb></lb>mæ aquæ <lb></lb>tardè putre<lb></lb>ſcant.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.060.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/060/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002584"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER TERTIVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002585"><emph type="center"></emph>De Cœlo.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002586">DICTVM eſt ſatis de Elemen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg286"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tis, nunc de Cœlo tractandum <lb></lb>eſt, ſeu illud æternum ſit, vt <lb></lb>putat Ariſtoteles: ſeu genitum, <lb></lb>vt Plato: ſeu factum, vt Theo<lb></lb>logi, variam ſubſtantiam videtur habere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002587">Iam primùm, quòd Albericus Veſputius <lb></lb>in ſua tertia ad Indos nauigatione diligen<lb></lb>ter hæc de ſtellarum magnitudine tradidit, <lb></lb>eſſe ſcilicet Canopos tres magnos, ſed haud <lb></lb>claros: primum ſcilicet, partibus nouem <lb></lb>cum dimidio ab auſtrali polo: ſecundum, <lb></lb>duodecim: tertium, qui triginta duabus <lb></lb>partibus ab eodem polo diſtat, maximum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg287"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed ſubnigrum. </s> <s id="s.002588">Conciliator refert, & ipſe <lb></lb>aliorum tum narrationi innitens, aſtra ibi <lb></lb>quædam magna eſſe ac parum ſplendi<lb></lb>da, qualia ſuprà retulimus. </s> <s id="s.002589">Ptolemæus <lb></lb>etiam Canopi mentionem facit vt præ<lb></lb>clari ſyderis, haud tamen magnitudinem <pb pagenum="412" xlink:href="016/01/061.jpg"></pb>deſcribit. </s> <s id="s.002590">Sed & hunc tum vltimum eſſe <lb></lb>reor deſcriptorum à Veſputio. </s> <s id="s.002591">Ille quidem <lb></lb>notiſſimus, & eſt in temone nauis. </s> <s id="s.002592">Verùm <lb></lb>duo illi proximiores auſtrali polo ignoti <lb></lb>quondam, nebulis aſſimilantur, in quarum <lb></lb>medio ſtella iacet, vt nebulæ illæ denſiorem <lb></lb>cœli partem eam eſſe doceant, & ſtellarum <lb></lb>chorum paruarum. </s> <s id="s.002593">Cæterùm vt Corſalus <lb></lb>Florentinus, refert, crux illa viginti par<lb></lb>tibus à polo auſtrali diſtans, more Vrſæ no<lb></lb>bis, aut Currus circumuertitur illi, ſed lon<lb></lb>gè ſplendidior. </s> <s id="s.002594">Sunt & ſex ſtellæ ſplendi<lb></lb>diſſimæ, litui formam referentes, è quibus <lb></lb>vna Canopus eſt, ex his qui dicti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002595">Stel<lb></lb>larum etiam colores diuerſi, tum magni<lb></lb>tudines, ac ſplendores tum Lunæ macula, <lb></lb>oſtendunt variam eſſe cœli ſubſtantiam, at<lb></lb>que in meridionali plaga maiores longè, & <lb></lb>quaſdam claritate non inferiores his fixas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002596">Nam maior Canis eſt vltra æquinoctialem <lb></lb>circulum, qui quantum luceat, omnes vi<lb></lb>dere poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.002597">Canopum verò magnum eſ<lb></lb>ſe conſtat, & minus ab Antarctico polo di<lb></lb>ſtare part. </s> <s id="s.002598">38. Sed & in Alexandria totum <lb></lb>cælum, partibus ſolum 41. exceptis, vide<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.002599">Longè enim plus de cœlo quàm terra <lb></lb>cognitum eſt, quòd cœlum in ſublimi po<lb></lb>ſitum ſit, & perpetuò moueatur. </s> <s id="s.002600">His dua<lb></lb>bus cauſis penè totum cognitum eſt: nam <lb></lb>ſolùm XXXI. partes circa polum auſtralem <lb></lb>cognitæ non fuêre Ptolemæo. </s> <s id="s.002601">Itaque ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg288"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Archimedis demonſtratione, fermè vna <lb></lb>parte ex tredecim, vel paulò minus inco<lb></lb>gnitum cogniti eſt: totius igitur cœli <lb></lb>quartadecima ſolùm pars Ptolemæo ignota <lb></lb>fuit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002602"><margin.target id="marg286"></margin.target>Subſtantia <lb></lb>cœli inæ<lb></lb>qualis & <lb></lb>varia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002603"><margin.target id="marg287"></margin.target>Iuſta Au<lb></lb>ſtralem po<lb></lb>lum ſydera <lb></lb>maxima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002604"><margin.target id="marg288"></margin.target>Lib. 1. de <lb></lb>Sph. & cy<lb></lb>lin. prepoſ. <lb></lb>40. & 41. <lb></lb>vel li. 2. pro <lb></lb>poſ. 3.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002610">Quæret forſan quiſpiam de Luna, an il<lb></lb>lius vniuerſum lumen à ſole pondeat? </s> <s id="s.002611">Non <lb></lb>equidem, at multò minus ſyderum reliquo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.002612">Conſtat enim in deliquiis maximis <lb></lb>eam rubere, vt ignis prunam quandam, & <lb></lb>hoc iam illi lumen proprium eſt: verum <lb></lb>cùm nocte nihil igne obſcurius procul vi<lb></lb>deatur, & flamma rubra appareat, cum <lb></lb>Luna tam procul in deliquiis nobis ſit, <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt Lunam quacunque flam<lb></lb>ma, & candela lumen clarius proprium <lb></lb>habere. </s> <s id="s.002613">Finge igitur maximæ flammæ at<lb></lb>que clariſſimæ, Lunam ſpontè & nullis <lb></lb>radiis Solis adiutam eſſe perſimilem: dein<lb></lb>de cogita, quantò Luna Solis adiuta lumi<lb></lb>nibus, vt in plenilunio, ſeipſa clarior eſt, in <lb></lb>deliquio poſita: facilè intelliges Lunam ra<lb></lb>diis Solis illuſtratam, Sole ipſo eſſe ſplen<lb></lb>didiorem ac clariorem, ita vt nec aquilæ <lb></lb>oculus, quam ferunt ſecurè Solem inſpi<lb></lb>cere, eam audeat intueri. </s> <s id="s.002614">Huius rurſus <lb></lb>comparationem ad Solis iubar facias, haud <lb></lb>dubię conſtat non falſum eſſe Prophetæ di<lb></lb>ctum, Solem & Lunam, ac ſtellas ea die <lb></lb>ſeptuplum luminis habituras, cùm nunc <lb></lb>in cœlo longè maius ſeptuplo quàm hic <lb></lb>cernatur, clarum obtineant, atque fœcun<lb></lb>dum lumen. </s> <s id="s.002615">Ergo ſupra ęthera adeò om<lb></lb>nia ſplendent ac coruſcant, vt ſi etiam <lb></lb>tempore deliquij Lunam in ipſo poſiti in<lb></lb>ſpiceremus, non ſecus ac innumeris cereis <lb></lb>ſplendidiſſimis accenſis, atque in eos ocu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg289"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lis defixis, ob ſplendorem cæcutiremus. </s> <s id="s.002616">Sed <lb></lb>cur ſcintillare videntur aſtra? </s> <s id="s.002617">Quoniam cœ<lb></lb>li ſubſtantia cùm ſit rariſſimà, radij ad nos <lb></lb>venientes ſępiùs, ſed tamen ſemper ad per<lb></lb>pendicularem franguntur: ob id cùm aër <lb></lb>moueatur, ſicut lapilli in imo fontis treme<lb></lb>re videntur ob motum fluentis aque, ita il<lb></lb>lę titubare videntur. </s> <s id="s.002618">Hoc autem in lumini<lb></lb>bus dicitur ſcintillare. </s> <s id="s.002619">Stellæ autem erran<lb></lb>tes & Luna non ſcintillant, quia robuſtis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg290"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>viribus radij ad nos perueniunt: ſunt enim <lb></lb>longè nobis fixis propiores. </s> <s id="s.002620">Indicio eſt ſic <lb></lb>eſſe, quòd cùm magis ſcintillant, & plane<lb></lb>tę etiam non ſcintillare, ſoliti, ventum fu<lb></lb>turum prędicunt. </s> <s id="s.002621">Nam medius aër qui eſt <lb></lb>in ſublimi dum vehementius agitatur, effi<lb></lb>cit vt frequentius, & magis ſcintillare vi<lb></lb>deantur. </s> <s id="s.002622">Mars verò cùm ſubobſcurus ſit, <lb></lb>ac rubens, & ipſe ſcintillat, apud eos ma<lb></lb>ximè qui debiliter cernunt. </s> <s id="s.002623">Nam & hoc <lb></lb>iuxta rationem conuenit, quòd qui debi<lb></lb>lius cernunt, ſcintillare plus ſtellas ſibi per<lb></lb>ſuadent. </s> <s id="s.002624">Eadem verò ratione quæ vltra <lb></lb>æquinoctialem ſunt ſtellæ plus ſcintillant, <lb></lb>ſunt enim remotiores. </s> <s id="s.002625">Vnde etiam Canis <lb></lb>maior, quæ minus ob ſplendorem ſcintil<lb></lb>lare deberet, & ob magnitudinem plus ſcin<lb></lb>tillat, abeſt enim plurimum. </s> <s id="s.002626">Et ſtellas vide<lb></lb>bis vna in parte cœli plus ſcintillare, in <lb></lb>alia minus, parum in vertice, & quæ mul<lb></lb>tum ſplendent, & magnæ & quę iuxta po<lb></lb>los, nam ibi minus aër mouetur, & ibi nul<lb></lb>li ſunt venti. </s> <s id="s.002627">Scintillant autem maximè quę <lb></lb>longè diſtant iuxta æquinoctialem ( nam <lb></lb>ibi æther celerrimè fertur ) & paruæ, & <lb></lb>maximè ſi ea parte ventus in ſublimi per<lb></lb>ſtet. </s> <s id="s.002628">Eiſdem verò rationibus etiam lon<lb></lb>gè minores videntur, & altiores quàm ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002629">Contraria verò ratione lapilli in qua & piſ<lb></lb>ces, maiores videntur quàm ſint: & aqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg291"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnis minor cùm à latere inſpicitur, & mi<lb></lb>nus profunda iudicatur. </s> <s id="s.002630">Ideoque non ani<lb></lb>maduertentes quidam, deceptique pericu<lb></lb>lum ſubmerſionis incurrerunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002631"><margin.target id="marg289"></margin.target>Cur aſtra <lb></lb>ſcintillare <lb></lb>videntur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002632"><margin.target id="marg290"></margin.target>Signum ven<lb></lb>ti futuri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002633"><margin.target id="marg291"></margin.target>Stellæ longè <lb></lb>minores & <lb></lb>altiores <lb></lb>quam ſint, <lb></lb>videntur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.061.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/061/1.jpg"></figure> <figure id="id.016.01.061.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/061/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002634">Huius itaque cauſam oſtendamus, & alio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg292"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum quæ dicenda ſunt, res quæ videntur, <lb></lb>quo in loco eſſe videantur. </s> <s id="s.002635">Itaque omnis res <lb></lb>quæ videtur, ibi eſſe apparet, vbi eſt concur<lb></lb>ſus perpendicularis rei viſæ, ducta ex ea ſu<lb></lb>per medium quod eſt cauſa videndi, & li<lb></lb>neæ per quam res viſa videtur, quæ ſemper <lb></lb>à re viſa ad oculum tendit. </s> <s id="s.002636">Sit igitur pri<lb></lb>mò oculus in A, & res in B, in eodem me<lb></lb>dio tunc videbitur B, in loco ſuo, quia linea <lb></lb>perpendicularis eſt eadem lineæ ad oculum <pb pagenum="413" xlink:href="016/01/062.jpg"></pb>tendenti. </s> <s id="s.002637">Sit rurſus A oculus in aëre, B <lb></lb>res viſa in aqua, perpendicularis ad aë<lb></lb>rem BE, rectà BFA, inflectatur à perpen<lb></lb>diculari ad oculum ex, F, vt fiat BFC, pro<lb></lb>ducatur CF, in D, & B, videbitur in <lb></lb>C, igitur aquæ altitudo videbitur ſolùm <lb></lb>DE, Rurſus ſtella in cœlo D cœlum quic<lb></lb>quid eſt ſupra EF, perpendicularis DE, ra<lb></lb>dius qui directè procedit DFC, cùm per<lb></lb>uenit ad F, medium denſius, id eſt, ad <lb></lb>aërem, inflectitur verſus cathetum, ſitque <lb></lb>DFA, per quem oculus A, videt D, ſtel<lb></lb>lam: producatur ergo AF, directè, & vi<lb></lb>debitur D in B, vbi ſcilicet concurrunt ca<lb></lb>thetus DE, ex re viſa ad medium, & li<lb></lb>nea B F A, cùm dirigitur à parte illa quæ <lb></lb>ad oculum pertingit, id eſt, pars AF, ocu<lb></lb>lum tangens. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg293"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002638"><margin.target id="marg292"></margin.target>Res quæ vi<lb></lb>detur vbi <lb></lb>ſemper appa<lb></lb>ret.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002639"><margin.target id="marg293"></margin.target>Cur ſtellæ <lb></lb>multò minus <lb></lb>ſublimes iu<lb></lb>dicentur <lb></lb>quàm ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002640">Sydera om<lb></lb>nia cur in <lb></lb>oriente & oc<lb></lb>cidente, ma<lb></lb>iora videan<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002641">At dices, ſtellæ multò propriùs videntur <lb></lb>eſſe quàm ſint, ſi vera ſunt quæ Aſtrologi <lb></lb>de illarum referunt altitudine: non igitur <lb></lb>altiores eſſe videntur quàm ſint. </s> <s id="s.002642">Fateor lon<lb></lb>gè eas propius exiſtimari: ſed alia cauſa, ea <lb></lb>ſcilicet quòd medium ſpatium inter nos & <lb></lb>illas non compræhenditur: ob id contra<lb></lb>ria ratione aſtra omnia dum oriuntur & <lb></lb>occidunt, maiora videntur, quàm in cœ<lb></lb>li medio, quoniam terræ magnitudo in<lb></lb>termedia facit, vt oculus ea plus diſtare <lb></lb>exiſtimet, & ob id eſſe maiora: nam & <lb></lb>turris vlna maior iudicatur ab oculo illius <lb></lb>diſtantiam compræhendente, tametſi mino<lb></lb>rem angulum in oculo faciat vlna ipſa. </s> <s id="s.002643">Ob <lb></lb>id igitur aſtra propinqua videntur quòd <lb></lb>nullum eſt medium corpus inter ipſa & <lb></lb>oculum, cuius longitudinem oculus depræ<lb></lb>hendere poſſit, atque ob id ipſa exiſti<lb></lb>mare procul abeſſe, quamvis ( vt dixi ) <lb></lb>medij ratio ea altiora oſtendat. </s> <s id="s.002644">Sed quòd <lb></lb>ſtellæ in Oriente, & Occidente maiores <lb></lb>videantur, facit & denſitas aëris, non in <lb></lb>qua nos ſumus, ſed quæ procul à nobis <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002645">Argumento id eſſe debet, quòd nebu<lb></lb>loſo tempore aſtra etiam longè maiora vi<lb></lb>dentur. </s> <s id="s.002646">Hoc autem eſſe non poſſet, ſi ob ſo<lb></lb>lam diſtantiam id contingeret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002647">Sed ad narrationem loci in quo res eſſe <lb></lb>videtur, exemplis peruenio. </s> <s id="s.002648">Sit oculus A, <lb></lb>res viſa B, ſpeculum CD, ducatur BF, per<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.062.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/062/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>pendicularis ad ſuperficiem ſpeculi intelli<lb></lb>gendo extenſam, non enim neceſſarium <lb></lb>eſt, vt tangat, & ducatur BE, reflexa ad <lb></lb>A, ita quòd angulus BEC ſit æqualis AED, <lb></lb>hoc enim neceſſarium eſt in omni radij re<lb></lb>flexione à ſpeculo cuiuſcunque generis: du<lb></lb>cta igitur parte reflexa AE, concurrat in <lb></lb>F, & ibi videbitur eſſe B, cui conſentit <lb></lb>experimentum. </s> <s id="s.002649">In cauo etiam ſpeculo CD, <lb></lb>cuius centrum E, res quæ videtur primò <arrow.to.target n="marg294"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ponatur B, per radium reflexum BCA ad <lb></lb>oculum, & manifeſtum eſt, quòd perpen<lb></lb>dicularis erit BF, cui occurrat AC, reflexa <lb></lb>in puncto F, & hîc erit locus vbi videbi<lb></lb>tur ab oculo A eſſe B, res quæ videtur, quò <lb></lb>fit vt non quemadmodum in priore figura <lb></lb>B appareat in F, in directo ſui. </s> <s id="s.002650">Hîc enim <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.062.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/062/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>plerunque videbitur non in directo F, ip<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg295"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſius B, eò quòd oculus iudicat ad compa<lb></lb>rationem plani cuiuſdam D K, ſuperiacen<lb></lb>tis ſpeculo, & tamen punctus F, & ca<lb></lb>thetus ſumitur à puncto E, quem oculus <lb></lb>nec videt, nec comprehendit. </s> <s id="s.002651">Sit rurſus <lb></lb>G, quod videtur in cauo ſpeculo, & per<lb></lb>pendicularis GEF, neceſſariò erit, & per <lb></lb>GDA, reflexum radium videatur ab A ocu<lb></lb>lo, igitur radius A D, occurret catheto in <lb></lb>H: igitur res videbitur in H, & ita in aëre <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.062.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/062/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>extra ſpeculum: & eſt mirabile, ſed con<lb></lb>ſentit tamen experimento. </s> <s id="s.002652">Verùm longè <lb></lb>meliùs in magnis ſpeculis hæc fieri vidi<lb></lb>mus, vt prorſus ſit res miraculo ſimilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002653">Sed fit etiam in aliis ſpeculorum ſpeciebus <lb></lb>velut conuexis, rotundis, ac columnari<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.002654">Additur miraculo maius miraculum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg296"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cùm res quæ non eſt in aëre videtur, dæ<lb></lb>monum imitatione propoſita, vt Vi<lb></lb>tellio docuit: cuius rationem inferius, <lb></lb>dum de luce & lumine loquemur, expo<lb></lb>nemus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002655"><margin.target id="marg294"></margin.target>In cauis ſpe<lb></lb>culis res ma<lb></lb>gis latere <lb></lb>videntur, <lb></lb>quàm ſint <lb></lb>plerumque.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002656"><margin.target id="marg295"></margin.target>Quomodo re <lb></lb>imago è ſpe<lb></lb>culo in aëre <lb></lb>videatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002657"><margin.target id="marg296"></margin.target>Lib. 7. cap. <lb></lb> vlt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002658">Igitur vt ad vltimum genus perueniam, <lb></lb>poſito rurſus conuexo ſpeculo CD, & ocu<lb></lb>lo A, & B, re viſa, cathetus ad centrum ſpe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg297"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>culi BD GE, & illi occurrit radius refle<lb></lb>xus AFC, in G, videbitur B. </s> <s id="s.002659">Eadem ratio <lb></lb>in colùmnaribus & conicis locum rei viſæ <lb></lb>oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.002660">Iam ergo tria ſunt, quæ neceſſa<lb></lb>ria ſunt ad viſum: locus rei viſæ, & vt res <lb></lb>non ſit minor ea quæ minima eſt, quæ ſub <lb></lb>ea diſtantia videre poteſt: eam enim in qua<lb></lb>cunque diſtantia inueniri eſt neceſſarium, <lb></lb>ſcilicet minimam, & quòd omnis res mini<lb></lb>ma minor, eſt ac ſi non eſſet. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="414" xlink:href="016/01/063.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002661"><margin.target id="marg297"></margin.target>Tria quæ ne<lb></lb>ceſſaria ſunt <lb></lb>ad viſus ra<lb></lb>tionem aſſe<lb></lb>quendam.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002662">Hoc enim modo haud difficile eſt cau<lb></lb>ſam cognoſcere, cur aſtra, cùm plana <expan abbr="videã-tur">videan<lb></lb>tur</expan>, ſint tamen rotunda: nam linea quæ à <lb></lb>puncto D ad A oculum dirigitur, non eſt <lb></lb>minor linea BA, nec CA, niſi in vna linea, <lb></lb>quæ minor eſt DE: eò fit vt cùm linea DE, <lb></lb>nullam habeat comparationem ad DA, <lb></lb>propter nimiam aſtrorum altitudinem, igi<lb></lb>tur non percipitur differentia vlla inter <lb></lb>AB, & AC, & AD, quare omnes vi<lb></lb>debuntur ab eodem plano erigi, igitur B <lb></lb>DC videbitur plana, omnia igitur rotunda <lb></lb>procul plana videbuntur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.063.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/063/1.jpg"></figure> <figure id="id.016.01.063.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/063/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002663">Eſſe autem aſtara maxima, generaliter <lb></lb>nunc oſtendatur, & quòd maximè diſtent <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg298"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>primò, inde quòd ſint maxima. </s> <s id="s.002664">Cùm igi<lb></lb>tur duæ lineæ AB, & AC, producuntur ab <lb></lb>eodem puncto A, & ipſæ ſunt æquales, & <lb></lb>ſecantur duæ æquales FB, & FD, & duæ il<lb></lb>lis etiam æquales GE, & GC, & ductæ <lb></lb>fuerint BC & FG, & perpendiculares DH, <lb></lb>EK, FL, & GM, erunt anguli L & H <lb></lb>æquales, quia recti, item BFL, & FDH, eò <lb></lb>quòd D H & FL, æquidiſtant, & linea DF, <lb></lb>recto oppoſita æqualis FB, oppoſitæ recto, <lb></lb>quare BL, æqualis FH, & MC, æqualis <lb></lb>KG eadem ratione. </s> <s id="s.002665">Sic igitur cùm BD ſit <lb></lb>maior FG, vt palam eſt ex quarta ſexti ele<lb></lb>mentorum Euclidis, erit vt BC poſſit augeri <lb></lb>tantùm, vt BL, & MC, quæ ſemper æqua<lb></lb>les manent, ſint minores in comparatione <lb></lb>diſtantiæ, data minima quantitate: igitur <lb></lb>tunc ex tertio ſuppoſito latente differentia <lb></lb>FB, & GC, vt æquidiſtantes habebuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002666">Hanc conatus eſt Vitellio oſtendere, quàm <lb></lb>non declarauit, multiſque tandem erroribus <lb></lb>admiſſis, quòd falſum oſtendere conatus eſt, <lb></lb>ſcilicet quòd BL eſſet minor FH: hoc au<lb></lb>tem falſum eſt: eſt enim, vt demonſtraui, æ<lb></lb>qualis, & ex hac æqualitate minorem ha<lb></lb>bet rationem ad BC ipſa BL, quàm FH ad <lb></lb>FG. </s> <s id="s.002667">Et hoc ſufficit ad propoſitum demon<lb></lb>ſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.002668">Cùm igitur Sol aut Luna, aut <lb></lb>aſtrum aliud vmbram faciat fermè æqua<lb></lb>lem in terra rei quæ videtur, aut ligno <lb></lb>quod radiis illius opponitur, ſeu ex vno <lb></lb>puncto radij procedant, ſeu ex toto corpo<lb></lb>re, permutata hac demonſtratione, conſtat <lb></lb>altitudinis ad FG proportionem eſſe in<lb></lb>comparabilem. </s> <s id="s.002669">Cùm hoc igitur contingat <lb></lb>etiam in turribus & montibus maximis, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, vt lineæ FB & GC ſint æquidi<lb></lb>ſtantes: quare altitudo A aſtri maxima, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg299"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maximum igitur etiam aſtrum quod tam <lb></lb>procul ſub illa magnitudine, quam videmus, <lb></lb>cernitur. </s> <s id="s.002670">Eſt autem deducta ratione ex vm<lb></lb>bra terræ in deliquiis Solis, dimetiens ex <lb></lb>his partibus, quibus rerræ dimetiens eſt duo, <lb></lb>vndecim: quare cùm terræ dimetiens ſit bis <lb></lb>quinque millia paſſuum, erit Solis dime<lb></lb>tiens vndecies quinque millia paſſuum, id <lb></lb>eſt, paſſus millies quinquagintaquinque <lb></lb>millia. </s> <s id="s.002671">Solis autem corpus ad terram pro<lb></lb>portionem habet, quam quæ 166. & tres ex <lb></lb>octo partibus ad vnum, ambitus maioris <lb></lb>circuli M. paſſuum 173000. inſuperque 250. <lb></lb>Terræ dimetiens ad Lunæ dimetientem, quę <lb></lb>eſt 17. ad 5. ratio: itaque terræ corpus Lu<lb></lb>næ corpus continet fermè trigeſies nouies, <lb></lb>ac inſuper duas tertias. </s> <s id="s.002672">Lunæ dimetiens paſ<lb></lb>ſuum millia 2941. ambitus maioris circuli <lb></lb><expan abbr="paſſuũ">paſſuum</expan> milia, 9000. & inſuper 264. Altitudo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg300"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam horum ex Ptolemæi demonſtratione <lb></lb>habita talis eſt. </s> <s id="s.002673">Solis quidem à terræ cen<lb></lb>tro M. paſſuum ſexies mille M. & inſuper <lb></lb>quingenta. </s> <s id="s.002674">Lunæ verò ab eodem centro <lb></lb>M. paſſuum trecenta viginti M. & inſuper <lb></lb>833. Coni autem vmbræ ab eodem M. paſ<lb></lb>ſuum millies trecenties quadraginta M. </s> <s id="s.002675">Vn<lb></lb>de deductis M. paſſuum quinquies mille pro <lb></lb>ſemidiametro terræ à ſingulis harum di<lb></lb>ſtantiarum, relinquentur diſtantiæ Solis ac <lb></lb>Lunæ, necnon coni vmbræ à ſuperficie ter<lb></lb>ræ, ſeu ab oculis noſtris. </s> <s id="s.002676">Diſtantia etiam <lb></lb>Solis à Luna, quando Sol deliquium pati<lb></lb>tur, ſeu meliùs orbis ſolaris à Lunari orbe, <lb></lb>erit mille paſſuum Italicorum <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam de his <lb></lb>ſermo eſt) quinquies mille ſexcenties octua<lb></lb>ginta quatuor millia atque inſuper 167. Il<lb></lb>lud verò mirum quod Philippus Melanthon <lb></lb>animaduertiſſe videtur: quòd cùm eccentri <lb></lb>Solis centrum Ptolemæi atque Hipparchi <lb></lb>ætate diſtaret à terræ centro diametris terræ <lb></lb>24. cùm quinta parte, ſeu M. paſſuum <lb></lb>242000. nunc ſolùm diſtet diametris terræ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg301"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>decem & octo, duabuſque partibus ex quin<lb></lb>que ſeu mille paſſuum centum octuaginta <lb></lb>quatuor millia ab eodem terræ centro. </s> <s id="s.002677">Ar<lb></lb>gumentum quaſi ſeneſcentis mundi. </s> <s id="s.002678">Sed <lb></lb>ratio deduci poteſt, vel ab inſtrumento<lb></lb>rum varietate, vel cœli ſolaris diſpoſitio<lb></lb>ne, vel æquinoctiorum obſeruatione, quæ <lb></lb>varietatem ſuſcipit & à locis, & à Solis <lb></lb>magnitudine, propter quam æquino<lb></lb>ctium aliquanto clariùs fit, quàm exiſti<lb></lb>metur. </s> <s id="s.002679">Hoc autem cùm obſeruatum eſſet <lb></lb>à multis, in Solis magnitudinem rela<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002680">Sol igitur A B, centrum eius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg302"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>C, terra DE, centrum eius F, linea <lb></lb>CHM, contingens Solem & terram, co<lb></lb>nus M. </s> <s id="s.002681">Quoniam igitur GH contingit So<lb></lb>lem & terram, erunt anguli G & H recti, <lb></lb>quare GC, æquidiſtans FH, & ideò portio <lb></lb>GB, ſimilis portioni HE. </s> <s id="s.002682">Si igitur CG, ad <lb></lb>FH, proportio cognita eſt: erit & GM, ad <lb></lb>MH, qualis CM, ad MF. </s> <s id="s.002683">Et quia CM, <pb pagenum="415" xlink:href="016/01/064.jpg"></pb>ſupponitur cognita in comparatione ad <lb></lb>F H, & C G, & H, rectus, erunt G H, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.064.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/064/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& G F, cognitæ, & angulus G C F, co<lb></lb>gnitus, ideóque G C B, atque ideò arcus <lb></lb>E H, conſimilis G B: ideóque exceſſus diei <lb></lb>tempore æquinoctij ſupra duodecim horas: <lb></lb>duplicato enim E N, propter D L, fit ar<lb></lb>cus L D E H, cognitus. </s> <s id="s.002684">Iuxta hoc igitur <lb></lb>poſita G C, quinque cum dimidio, & F H, <lb></lb>vnum erunt F C, 1200. & C M, 1468. <lb></lb>quare C M, erit partium 1467. minut. </s> <s id="s.002685">59. <lb></lb>ſecundorum 23. M H, igitur erit partium <lb></lb>267. minut. </s> <s id="s.002686">59. ſecund. </s> <s id="s.002687">53. Reſiduum igi<lb></lb>igitur G H, erit partium 1199. minut. </s> <s id="s.002688">59. <lb></lb>ſecund. </s> <s id="s.002689">30. igitur G F, partum 1199. mi<lb></lb>nut. </s> <s id="s.002690">59. ſecund. </s> <s id="s.002691">31. tertiorum 30. Ideò tri<lb></lb>gonus C F G, habet vnum latus quod eſt <lb></lb>C F, partium 1200. Secundum latus quod <lb></lb>eſt F G, part. </s> <s id="s.002692">1199. minut. </s> <s id="s.002693">59. ſecund. </s> <s id="s.002694">31. <lb></lb>tertiorum 30. Tertium latus quod eſt C G, <lb></lb>partium 5. minut. </s> <s id="s.002695">30. Manifeſtum eſt igi<lb></lb>tur quòd F C, & F G, ſunt fermè æqua<lb></lb>les, & quòd proportio vtriſque ad C G, <lb></lb>eſt, vt 218. & duarum vndecimarum ad <lb></lb>vnum. </s> <s id="s.002696">Statuatur igitur circulus circa tri<lb></lb>gonum C G F, & manifeſtum eſt quòd <lb></lb>diameter F N, cadet in medio, & ſecabit <lb></lb>C G, per æqualia in O, propter æquali<lb></lb>tatem F C, & F G. </s> <s id="s.002697">Igitur detracto qua<lb></lb>drato C O, quòd eſt 7 9/16. ex quadrato FG, <lb></lb>relinquetur quadratum F O. </s> <s id="s.002698">Quod eſt igi<lb></lb>tur latus eius? </s> <s id="s.002699">eſt F O, partium ſcilicet <lb></lb>1199. minut. </s> <s id="s.002700">59. ſecund. </s> <s id="s.002701">49. Cum hoc di<lb></lb>uiſo quadrato C O, quod eſt ( vt dixi ) <lb></lb>7 9/16. prodibit O N, minut. </s> <s id="s.002702">o. </s> <s id="s.002703">ſec. 23. qua<lb></lb>re F N, tota eſt part. </s> <s id="s.002704">1200. minut. </s> <s id="s.002705">o. </s> <s id="s.002706">ſe<lb></lb>cund. </s> <s id="s.002707">22. Hæc detrahemus ex omnibus <lb></lb>propter differentiam inſenſibilem, relin<lb></lb>quetur F E, partium 1199. minut. </s> <s id="s.002708">59. ſe<lb></lb>cundorum 37. & C G, partium 5. mi<lb></lb>nut. </s> <s id="s.002709">30. Deducta igitur F N, ad partes <lb></lb>120. & eſt diniſo numero per decem, fiet <lb></lb>F C, partium 119. minut. </s> <s id="s.002710">59. ſecundo<lb></lb>rum 58. Arcus igitur F C, eſt partium <lb></lb>179. minut. </s> <s id="s.002711">36. ſecundorum o. </s> <s id="s.002712">C N, igi<lb></lb>tur part. </s> <s id="s.002713">o. </s> <s id="s.002714">minut. </s> <s id="s.002715">24. ſecundorum o. </s> <s id="s.002716">Qua<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.064.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/064/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>re C G, part. </s> <s id="s.002717">o. </s> <s id="s.002718">minut. </s> <s id="s.002719">48. ſecundorum <lb></lb>o. </s> <s id="s.002720">Igitur duo arcus D L, & E H, huic <lb></lb>æquales, ſeu ſimiles: quia illi ſunt dupli <lb></lb>arcui B G, cui etiam eſt duplum C G, hîc, <lb></lb>quia in circumferentia. </s> <s id="s.002721">Totus igitur ar<lb></lb>cus L D E H, eſt, partium 180. minut. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002722">48. ſecundorum o. </s> <s id="s.002723">& ideò dies in æquino<lb></lb>ctio horarum 12. minut. </s> <s id="s.002724">3. ſecundorum <lb></lb>12. & nox horarum 11. minut. </s> <s id="s.002725">56. ſecun<lb></lb>dorum 48. Et ita ſub æquinoctio ſemper. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002726">Et æquinoctium nobis erit pridie quàm Sol <lb></lb>initium Arietis ingrediatur, imò perendie <lb></lb>& poſt tertiam diem in qua Sol ingreditur <lb></lb>initium Libræ, id eſt, die 8. Martij, & <lb></lb>15. Septembris. </s> <s id="s.002727">Reſpondet hoc perpulchrè <lb></lb>experimentis. </s> <s id="s.002728">Quòd ſi paulò elatior ſit re<lb></lb>gio, vt in altiſſimis montibus, adeò ante<lb></lb>cedit Solis ingreſſum in Arietis initium, <lb></lb>vt ratio Aſtronomica falſa videatur. </s> <s id="s.002729">Lon<lb></lb>gior etiam eſt duplo dies, quàm nox, 12. <lb></lb>Iunij. </s> <s id="s.002730">Primus dies æquinoctij ætate noſtra <lb></lb>eſt 10. Martij, hæc erit minut. </s> <s id="s.002731">6. maior <lb></lb>nocte. </s> <s id="s.002732">Accedit præter hæc colliſio luminis, <lb></lb>de qua poſteriùs dicemus. </s> <s id="s.002733">Illud non præte<lb></lb>ribo, quod etiam admiratione dignum eſt: <lb></lb>Solem quantò altiùs aſcendit, eóque plus <lb></lb>à nobis abeſt, eò magis nos calefacere, <lb></lb>quòd anguli rectis ſint propiores. </s> <s id="s.002734">Ob id<lb></lb>que hyemem eſſe longè frigidiorem, quòd <lb></lb>Sol terræ propinquior ſit. </s> <s id="s.002735">Sed cur ſola Lu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg303"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>na varias ſuſcipit figuras, reliqua aſtra om<lb></lb>nia perpetuò rotunda ſunt? </s> <s id="s.002736">An eò figuram <lb></lb>mutat, quòd opaca eſt, & lumen quod ha<lb></lb>bet proprium, lumine Solis adeò eſt imbe<lb></lb>cillius, vt qua parte à Sole non illumina<lb></lb>tur, lateat, & pars illa deeſſe videatur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002737">Eſt etiam Lunæ peculiare maculam habe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg304"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>re: vnde maxima apud antiquos quæſtio <lb></lb>orta eſt, exiſtimantibus non paucis Lunam <lb></lb>participem eſſe elementaris naturæ, & ob <lb></lb>id affici. </s> <s id="s.002738">Alii imaginem eſſe putant, vel <lb></lb>Oceani, vel orbis terræ, quaſi è ſpeculo re<lb></lb>lucentis. </s> <s id="s.002739">Nos verò illam, ſi corpus æter<lb></lb>num ſit, participem eſſe mortalitatis nega<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.002740">Nec tam procul imago ſeu ſpecies ali<lb></lb>qua in ſpeculo videri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.002741">Aut igitur ea <lb></lb>parte peruia maculam oſtendit, ſicut in ſpe<lb></lb>culis vbi plumbum abraſum fuerit, aut om<lb></lb>ninò illa eft terminus aſpectus: eadem enim <lb></lb>in parte cum videatur, peruia eſſe non po<lb></lb>teſt ibi Luna, niſi aliquo motu circumfe<lb></lb>ratur, ita vt redeat aduerſo parui circuli, <lb></lb>& eccentrici motu ad eandem faciem. </s> <s id="s.002742">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi terminus ſit viſus, cur non in alia par<lb></lb>te? </s> <s id="s.002743">Videtur igitur nihil mirum, hanc du<lb></lb>bitationem alios quidem fatigaſſe, alios <pb pagenum="416" xlink:href="016/01/065.jpg"></pb>verecundiores deterruiſſe. </s> <s id="s.002744">Ergo ſi ſine par<lb></lb>uis circulis atque eccentricis motus Lunæ, <lb></lb>quemadmodum Calippo & Eudoxo placuit, <lb></lb>abſoluatur, erit maculæ Lunæ comperta ra<lb></lb>tio, ſcilicet obſcuritas à perſpicuitate or<lb></lb>ta. </s> <s id="s.002745">Qua enim parte lumen ſolis non refle<lb></lb>ctitur, obſcura videtur. </s> <s id="s.002746">At ex perſpicuo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg305"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non reflectitur, tranſit enim. </s> <s id="s.002747">Varietas au<lb></lb>tem denſi, & rari manifeſtè in cœlo eſt, vt <lb></lb>etiam in lacteo circulo videmus. </s> <s id="s.002748">Eſt & alia <lb></lb>quæſtio de Luna magis ſenſibus conſpicua, <lb></lb>cur apud nos plena luminibus maiorem <lb></lb>æſtum maris, apud Indos vacua faciat. </s> <s id="s.002749">Vi<lb></lb>detur autem cauſa eſſe æſtus, calor tempe<lb></lb>ratus, & propinquitas Lunæ. </s> <s id="s.002750">In coniun<lb></lb>ctione autem, & plenilunio eodem loco. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002751">Luna eſt, ſcilicet Soli propinquior: in qua<lb></lb>dratis autem radiis cum Sole terræ: tempe<lb></lb>ratior autem in noſtris regionibus plena lu<lb></lb>na luminibus, ob aëris minorem calidita<lb></lb>tem, apud Indos autem vacua ob regionis <lb></lb>eius feruorem, attollit autem: cùm elatior <lb></lb>fuerit: elatior autem (vt dixi) in pleniluniis <lb></lb>ac nouiluniis. </s> <s id="s.002752">Et hîc temperata magis in ple<lb></lb>nilunio, apud Indos autem in nouilunio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002753">Tunc verò mutat faciem ex Solis propin<lb></lb>quitate, lumen ac vim, non ſolum luminis <lb></lb>cauſa, ſed etiam propinquitatis ad terras. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002754">Nihil autem refert, & ſi non eleuetur, cum <lb></lb>ad ſimilitudinem res referatur. </s> <s id="s.002755">Sed dices, cur <lb></lb>ſi luna mutat faciem ex acceſſu ad ſolem, aſtra <lb></lb>omnia reliqua rotunda ſunt? </s> <s id="s.002756">Hoc ideò con<lb></lb>tingit, quia vel lumen proprium adeò cla<lb></lb>rum eſt, vt Solis lumen, ſed imbecillius: vel <lb></lb>quia vndequaque peruia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002757">Ergo aſtra plu<lb></lb>rimum (vt dixi) a vobis diſtant compræhenſa <lb></lb>ratione: ſed quia diſtantia ſenſum latet, par<lb></lb>ua ob id exiſtimantur. </s> <s id="s.002758">Turrium verò diſtan<lb></lb>tia cum comprehendatur, & memoria etiam <lb></lb>magnitudinem teneamus, cum etiam angu<lb></lb>lus maior ſit quàm aſtrorum, turres aſtris <lb></lb>maiores iudicamus. </s> <s id="s.002759">Ob id turres, ſi ab imo <lb></lb>videamus, latiores apparebunt, quàm ſi ſo<lb></lb>lam liceat ſupremam partem inſpicere, quòd <lb></lb>dum radicem videmus, videamus etiam di<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg306"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtantiam. </s> <s id="s.002760">Sed quomodo cœli hi iuncti ſunt? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002761">nam ſi vna eſt ſuperficies caua ſuperioris, <lb></lb>& conuexa inferioris, quomodo in diuerſas <lb></lb>partes ſuperiùs, & inferiùs cœlum moueri <lb></lb>poterunt? </s> <s id="s.002762">Si duæ ſunt, indiuiſibile ab indi<lb></lb>uiſibili tangitur. </s> <s id="s.002763">Sed duas eſſe neceſſe, non <lb></lb>tamen quantitatem conſtituunt: hoc autem <lb></lb>ſufficit Ariſtoteli, ne continuum ex non con<lb></lb>tinuis componatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002764"><margin.target id="marg298"></margin.target>Cauſa cur <lb></lb>aſtra rotun<lb></lb>da, videan<lb></lb>tur plana. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002765">Aſtra, maxi<lb></lb>ma eſſe, & <lb></lb>maximè di<lb></lb>ſtare.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002766"><margin.target id="marg299"></margin.target>Solis & Lu<lb></lb>næ, & terræ <lb></lb>magnitudi<lb></lb>nis compara<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002767"><margin.target id="marg300"></margin.target>Altitudo <lb></lb>eorundem à <lb></lb>terra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002768"><margin.target id="marg301"></margin.target>Solis altitu<lb></lb>do minor, <lb></lb>quam olim <lb></lb>fuerit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002769"><margin.target id="marg302"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio, ſtendens <lb></lb>quòd æqui<lb></lb>noctij tempo<lb></lb>re dies eſt, <lb></lb>maior no<lb></lb>cte, & ita <lb></lb>ſub æquino<lb></lb>ctiali.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002770"><margin.target id="marg303"></margin.target>Cur ſola lu<lb></lb>na figuram <lb></lb>mutet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002771"><margin.target id="marg304"></margin.target>De lunæ ma<lb></lb>cula.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002772"><margin.target id="marg305"></margin.target>Luna in ple<lb></lb>nilunio cur <lb></lb>maiorem <lb></lb>æſtum maris <lb></lb>faciat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002773"><margin.target id="marg306"></margin.target>An cœlorum <lb></lb>ſe <expan abbr="tangentiũ">tangentium</expan>, <lb></lb>ſit vna ſu<lb></lb>perficies.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.065.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/065/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002774">Id quoque inquiſitione dignum eſt, an <lb></lb>poſitis iuxta eorum, quæ apparent exqui<lb></lb>ſitam veritatis rationem orbibus æquatio<lb></lb>nis, contingat eos, vt in Mercurio refe<lb></lb>runt geminari? </s> <s id="s.002775">Et ſi contingit, quomodo <lb></lb>ſeorsùm moueri poſſint? </s> <s id="s.002776">Sit igitur orbis <lb></lb>æquationis exterior A, interior B, inferio<lb></lb>rum intimus C, extimus D, extra centrum <lb></lb>E, centrum mundi F, & orbis extra cen<lb></lb>trum G, in quorum medio H, centrum <lb></lb>concauæ exterioris, & conuexæ intimi. </s> <s id="s.002777">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd ſi duo ſuperiores <lb></lb>orbes eſſent ſimul iuncti, & duo inferiores <lb></lb>ſimiliter, quòd poſſent moueri ſuper cen<lb></lb>tro F: & ita orbem extra centrum, eleua<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.002778">Et ſi mouerentur ſuper centro G, <lb></lb>frangerent cœlum Veneris, & Lunæ, in<lb></lb>ter quos cœlum Mercurij poſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002779">Om<lb></lb>nis enim ſuperficies orbis mota ſuper cen<lb></lb>tro ſuo, non violat orbem, quem tangit: <lb></lb>quia in eodem ſitu remanet. </s> <s id="s.002780">Sed ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies, quæ mouetur ſuper alieno centro ſi <lb></lb>tum mutat, & orbem, quem tangit, rum<lb></lb>pit. </s> <s id="s.002781">His cognitis, ſi A, & C, mouentur <lb></lb>ex dictis, ſuper centro F, neceſſariò mouen<lb></lb>tur: quare vel ſecum rapiant orbes B D, <lb></lb>quare diuiſi erunt fruſtrà, vel BCD, orbes <lb></lb>erunt tanquam vnus orbis, cuius centrum eſt <lb></lb>H, quare tota hæc machina eleuabitur, ac <lb></lb>ſubſidebit iuxta partium ſitum, vt in Sole: <lb></lb>orbes autem B, & D, nigri ſeorſum, præ<lb></lb>tereà moti ſuper centro H, moti abſidem E, <lb></lb>orbis deferunt: nam ſi ſeorsùm non mo<lb></lb>uerentur, fruſtrà eſſent ab E, diſiuncti. </s> <s id="s.002782">Si <lb></lb>verò mouerentur ſuper G, frangerent or<lb></lb>bes A, & C, igitur ſuper centro G, mouetur <lb></lb>orbis E. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002783">Iam verò illud maximè mirum, aſtris <lb></lb>quæ tam procul abſunt, maria & terras, <lb></lb>quæ coram oculis iacent innoteſcere, omit<lb></lb>to quòd antiqui illis ducibus ſulcarent ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg307"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ria. </s> <s id="s.002784">Illud magis admiratione dignum, quòd <lb></lb>tempeſtate acti in incognitas maris aut ter<lb></lb>ræ partes, aſtrorum auxilio vbi ſint agnoſ<lb></lb>cere queant. </s> <s id="s.002785">Poſtulauit hoc à nobis Ioan. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002786">Baptiſta de Ponte Vigo. </s> <s id="s.002787">Ratio ſic conſtat: <lb></lb>Sereno iam facto cœlo Solis de die, aut al<lb></lb>terius planetæ de nocte, collige altitudinem <lb></lb>cum planiſphærio, aut armillis dum aſtrum <lb></lb>meridiat, & ab hac detrahe declinationem <lb></lb>loci Solis, ſi Sol fuerit ab initio Arietis ad <lb></lb>initium Libræ: adde declinationem loci <lb></lb>Solis, ſi fuerit ab initio Libræ ad Arietis <lb></lb>initium, & quod fit detrahe ex 90. & ha<lb></lb>bebis latitudinem loci, quam & qui Indiam <lb></lb>nuper colunt, norunt inuenire. </s> <s id="s.002788">Sed pro <lb></lb>longitudine cum altitudine Solis, aut alte<lb></lb>rius ſtellæ cognitæ habita latitudine per <lb></lb>planiſphærium, horam diei inuenies. </s> <s id="s.002789">Inde <lb></lb>per armillas cum loci latitudine locum Lu<lb></lb>næ qualis videtur, quæres: cui addes, aut <lb></lb>detrahes, quantum eſt differentiæ ex aſpe<lb></lb>ctus diuerſitate, & habebis verum locum <lb></lb>Lunæ ea hora, iuxta quam ex tabulis Al<lb></lb>phonſi habebis locum Lunæ & motum, <lb></lb>ſecundùm ſingulos dies præſentes. </s> <s id="s.002790">Diffe<lb></lb>rentiam ergo locorum Lunæ inſtrumento, <lb></lb>& tabulis inuentorum conſidera, & cum <lb></lb>ea diuide motum diei, exibunt horæ, & <lb></lb>minuta, differentiæ pro ſingulis igitur ho<lb></lb>ris partes 15. pro ſingulis minutis quartam <pb pagenum="417" xlink:href="016/01/066.jpg"></pb>partem vnius aſſume, quas addes diſtantiæ <lb></lb>a Fortunatis loci tabularum Alphonſi, ſi lo<lb></lb>cus Lunæ inſtrumento inuentus poſterior <lb></lb>fuerit, id eſt, magis ab initio Arietis de<lb></lb>ſtiterit loco inuento per tabulas: aut mi<lb></lb>nues ab eodem, vbilocus tabularum partes <lb></lb>& minuta, eo qui per inſtrumentum inuen<lb></lb>tus eſt, plura obtineat, & quod relinquitur <lb></lb>aut cogitur, eſt longitudo a Fortunatis loci <lb></lb>incogniti, quàm in ſphæra regionum ſimul <lb></lb>cum latitudine quæres, noſcéſque vbi lo<lb></lb>corum ſis, quibúſque ventis in patriam re<lb></lb>gredi liceat: quod cùm ignorent, qui hiſto<lb></lb>riam Indicarum rerum ſcribunt, latitudine <lb></lb>appoſita longitudines locorum omittunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002791">Nam quòd declinatione curſus Solis, qui<lb></lb>cunque Indiam vtramque petunt, multùm <lb></lb>adiuuentur, nec non & ſtellarum, omnibus <lb></lb>qui cum Luſitanis ac Hiſpanis verſantur eius <lb></lb>nauigationis gnaris, compertum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002792">Iam ve<lb></lb>rò an vnus ſit mundus, an plures, an infini<lb></lb>ti, an infinitus vnus, & an aliquid extra ip<lb></lb>ſum, & an æternus, vel genitus, dictum <lb></lb>eſt in libris de Æternitatis arcanis: nunc <lb></lb>verò de Luce & Lumine, quæ ab aſtris pro<lb></lb>fluunt, dicemus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002793"><margin.target id="marg307"></margin.target>Regiones in<lb></lb>cognitæ, diſ<lb></lb>perſæque <expan abbr="tẽ-peſtatibus">tem<lb></lb>peſtatibus</expan> <lb></lb>naues, quo <lb></lb>pacto vbi <lb></lb>ſint, dignoſci <lb></lb>poſſint.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.066.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/066/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002794"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER QVARTVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002795"><emph type="center"></emph>De Luce & Lumine.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg308"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002796"><margin.target id="marg308"></margin.target>Aſtra omnia <lb></lb>habere <expan abbr="lumẽ">lumen</expan>, <lb></lb>& vmbram.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002797">HABENT omnia ſydera lumen, <lb></lb>motum, ac magnitudinem <lb></lb>propriam: & vt lumen minùs <lb></lb>à maiore tegitur, ſic vmbra <lb></lb>latet. </s> <s id="s.002798">Luna in die vmbram <lb></lb>non facit, noctu fecit. </s> <s id="s.002799">Si Luna luceat, <lb></lb>aſtrorum reliquorum vmbras non videbis: <lb></lb>vbi illa delituerit, quorundam quandoque <lb></lb>adeò vmbram videbis exquiſitam, vt Ve<lb></lb>neris ego lumen per feneſtram ingrediens, <lb></lb>Lunæ eſſe arbitrarer. </s> <s id="s.002800">Vnaquæque igitur <lb></lb>ſtella proprium habet lumen, cùm propriam <arrow.to.target n="marg309"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>habeat lucem: quo ſit vt ex frequentibus <lb></lb>ſyderibus lumen miſcentibus, lacteus cir<lb></lb>culus ab oculo æſtimetur. </s> <s id="s.002801">Adiuuat hoc cœ<lb></lb>li ſubſtantia denſa, & ſyderum rara, velut <lb></lb>in Cometa, qui caudam, aut crines habet: <lb></lb>nam cùm nunquam mutetur, conſtat ipſum <lb></lb>in cœlo eſſe, non infra. </s> <s id="s.002802">Sed quomodo radij <lb></lb>per inane tranſeuntes refracti videntur, <lb></lb>cùm Solis radij in aëre viſui <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſubiiciantur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg310"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Hæc eadem eſt cauſa, cur etiam vbi refle<lb></lb>xio radiorum in terra eſt, vt in vallibus, <lb></lb>longè maior ſit calor: nam ſi radius pene<lb></lb>trat, vnus tantùm eſt: cùm reflectitur, duo: <lb></lb>cùm iterùm reflectitur, tres radij in eodem <lb></lb>ſunt loco, quare calor magnus hîc procrea<lb></lb>tur: in lactea autem via non his, aut ter, <lb></lb>ſed tum ob propinquitatem ſtellarum, tum <lb></lb>ob denſitatem millies reflectuntur, cùm <lb></lb>etiam plurimæ ſint: igitur in medio cando<lb></lb>rem, vt lactis fieri neceſſe eſt, quod ego <lb></lb>etiam multis cum candelis caſu imitari pul<lb></lb>cherrimè vidi, vt euidenti rationi etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg311"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>experimentum ſubſcribat. </s> <s id="s.002803">Atque eadem ra<lb></lb>tione ignis in cauis ſpeculis accenditur, <lb></lb>quoniam in paruum ſpatium radij plurimi <lb></lb>coëunt, non tamen in candida materia, <lb></lb>quia rationem tollit, qua accendere poſſunt: <lb></lb>poſſunt enim, quia coëunt, ac candidum <lb></lb>diſſipat, & ſeparat. </s> <s id="s.002804">Ob hoc ab igne candi<lb></lb>da tela facilè vritur, imò à ſcintilla, à ſpe<lb></lb>culi concaui ſolaribus radiis non vritur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002805">Eadem ratio ad vnguem eſt in ſphærula <lb></lb>cryſtalli, & rotunda amphora vitrea aqua <lb></lb>plena. </s> <s id="s.002806">Sed vt in his radij ex aduerſo coëunt, <lb></lb>ita in cauis ſpeculis antè: verùm vrendi, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg312"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non vrendi par ratio in vtriſque. </s> <s id="s.002807">Cùm enim <lb></lb>rem candidam ſubieceris, conus ille mani<lb></lb>feſtè dilatatur, & ideò vrere non poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002808">Hoc autem quòd dilatetur, oculo etiam de<lb></lb>præhenditur. </s> <s id="s.002809">Sed cur lumen coactum hæc <lb></lb>inferiora maximè Solis calefacit, cùm Sol <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg313"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>calidus non exiſtimetur? </s> <s id="s.002810">Verùm ego cali<lb></lb>dum eſſe Solem ponere non vererer, cùm <lb></lb>nihil calidum aliud eo caloris genere exi<lb></lb>ſtimem: hoc enim ſuperiùs oſtenſum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002811">Nam putridus calor, & igneus non gene<lb></lb>rat, ſed corrumpit: Solis calor, & ſyde<lb></lb>rum generat. </s> <s id="s.002812">Calor autem rerum, quæ vita <lb></lb>carent nullus actu eſt, nec ſenſu tactus per<lb></lb>cipi poteſt. </s> <s id="s.002813">Solis calor tactui ſubiicitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002814">Sed nec animantium calor talis eſt, cùm <lb></lb>pabulo indigeat, ſyderum calor minimè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002815">Sed ſi velis placita Ariſtotelis tueri, dices <lb></lb>quòd aër & aqua dum lumen illud excipe<lb></lb>re conantur naturali quadam facultate, qua <lb></lb>grauia deſcendunt, leuia aſcendunt, mo<lb></lb>uentur ac diſſipantur. </s> <s id="s.002816">Calor quoque, qui <lb></lb>in eis iam potentia erat, ſuſcitatur, & ad <lb></lb>actum perducitur. </s> <s id="s.002817">Aqua verò ab aëre inca<lb></lb>leſcit, qui eſt ſeipſa calorem non habet: <lb></lb>proptereà ſuperficies ſumma, aut ſolùm <lb></lb>calida eſt, aut maximè. </s> <s id="s.002818">Motum hunc ra<lb></lb>ritas conſequitur, raritatem calor: hoc enim <lb></lb>ſuperiùs, quomodo fiat, oſtenſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.002819">Ca<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg314"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lor enim, motus, ac tenuitas circulo quo<lb></lb>dam mutuò ſibi cauſæ ſunt: nam ſubtilitas, <lb></lb>caloris cauſa eſt: calor dum depaſcitur, mo<lb></lb>tus: at motus ipſe ſubtilitatis rurſus cauſa <lb></lb>eſt: motus enim collidendo partes attenuat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002820">Subſtantia tenuis, quia magnam vim exci<lb></lb>pit radij, calida euadit, calidum verò at<lb></lb>trahendo, & diſcutiendo motum cit: quæ <lb></lb>viciſſitudo in animalibus vitam præbet, <lb></lb>& manifeſtiſſima eſt. </s> <s id="s.002821">Suprà enim docuimus, <lb></lb>frigidum nihil aliud eſſe, quàm quòd calo<lb></lb>re caret, nec recipit: rarum igitur admo<lb></lb>dum frigidum eſſe, eſt impoſſibile, videtur <lb></lb>igitur ipſe radius, ſeu lumen caloris ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia, hocque nobis ſufficeret, qui eatenùs ſo<lb></lb>lùm rationes ſectamur rerum, quatenus iu-<pb pagenum="418" xlink:href="016/01/067.jpg"></pb>uant ad experimentorum veritatem aſſe<lb></lb>quendam. </s> <s id="s.002822">Seu igitur ſolis ac ſyderum radios <lb></lb>per ſe calidos dixeris, ſeu ipſos non calidos, <lb></lb>ſed calefacere, nobis ex æquo ſatisfactum <lb></lb>erit. </s> <s id="s.002823">Mihi autem videtur, calorem eſſe ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam radij ſideris: nec tamen calorem <lb></lb>hunc, cùm à lumine ſit inſeparabilis, qua<lb></lb>litatem eſſe, quæ corrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.002824">Nec enim <lb></lb>calor, qui in elementis aut miſtis excipitur, <lb></lb>eſt cœleſtis, ſed cœleſtis imago ſolùm: igi<lb></lb>tur vt lux propria eſt ſideribus, ita calor, cui <lb></lb>nullum eſt frigus contrarium, ſed frigus ſo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg315"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>la caloris priuatio eſt. </s> <s id="s.002825">Verùm dices: Si mo<lb></lb>tus, caloris cauſa eſt, cur in lecto, & dum <lb></lb>maximè quieſcimus, maximè calemus? </s> <s id="s.002826">Ve<lb></lb>rùm motus calorem excitat, refrigerat au<lb></lb>tem dum locum mutando nos aëri frigidio<lb></lb>ri exponit. </s> <s id="s.002827">Itaque in hyeme magnus mo<lb></lb>tus excalefacit, exiguus refrigerat. </s> <s id="s.002828">Sed di<lb></lb>ces: Cur autem frigent, qui quieſcunt, in <lb></lb>lecto autem calent? </s> <s id="s.002829">Videtur autem aliquid <lb></lb>conferre pluma, aut cottum, vel lana, quæ <lb></lb>in lectis habentur. </s> <s id="s.002830">Verùm cauſa præcipua <lb></lb>eſt, quia non mutatur aër, qui nos tangit <lb></lb>ſub culcitra collectus: extra autem lectum <lb></lb>quieſcentibus aër mouetur. </s> <s id="s.002831">Ex motu autem <lb></lb>bifariam refrigeratur homo, tum quia aër <lb></lb>calefactus circum nos manens recedit, tum <lb></lb>quia motus (vt dictum eſt) refrigerat aërem. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg316"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sed ad lucis ac luminis hiſtoriam redeo. </s> <s id="s.002832">Lu<lb></lb>men igitur eſt lucis ſimilitudo, quæ clari<lb></lb>tas in ſe, & caloris ſubſtantiam adeò habet <lb></lb>annexam, vt propè nihil ſit aliud. </s> <s id="s.002833">Ob hoc <lb></lb>clariſſima ſydera etiam calidiſſima, vt Sol, <lb></lb>Canis vterque, & Iupiter: non igitur lu<lb></lb>men, & claritas, & calor tres ſunt res, ſed <lb></lb>vna, diuerſorum comparatione, diuerſa <lb></lb>nomina, & etiam diuerſam imaginem re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg317"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>præſentationem ſuſcipiens. </s> <s id="s.002834">Lux verò à qua <lb></lb>lumen profluit, claritas eſt ex illius tertio <lb></lb>genere: vtque in perſpicuo corpore à luce <lb></lb>fit lumen, ita in opaco color: & ipſa hæc <lb></lb>omnia ſui ſpeciem producunt: nam per pra<lb></lb>ta ambulantes, virides facies habere viden<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.002835">Potens igitur color cum hæc faciat in <lb></lb>aëre libero, quid in obſcuro faciet? </s> <s id="s.002836">vbi hæc <lb></lb>ſola lux ſit vitioſa, atque alieno colore in<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg318"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fecta. </s> <s id="s.002837">Sic igitur lucerna ex aqua ardente ſo<lb></lb>la, & ſale repræſentat ( dum omnis alia ab<lb></lb>ſit lux ) facies pallidas, vt mortuorum: hoc <lb></lb>enim expertus ſum. </s> <s id="s.002838">Et eadem ratione, ſi in <lb></lb>lampades virides oleum viride accendatur <lb></lb>(quod referunt fieri vna immatura in oleo <lb></lb>tandiu contenta, vt matureſcat ſub Sole) vi<lb></lb>ridia omnia apparebunt. </s> <s id="s.002839">Quid amplius, lu<lb></lb>cerna vitrea concluſa vndique colorem <expan abbr="trãs-fert">trans<lb></lb>fert</expan> validum, lumine in ea accenſo ad obie<lb></lb>ctas res. </s> <s id="s.002840">Sunt autem validi colores, niger, vi<lb></lb>ridis, albus, rubeus, cyaneus ſeu cœleſtis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002841">Ignis autem expreſſiùs hoc facere poteſt, & <lb></lb>longè maiora, vt ſerpentum imagines re<lb></lb>præſentare. </s> <s id="s.002842">Oportet autem vt potentia talis <lb></lb>ſit, & à fumo proprio ad rerum imagines <lb></lb>repræſentandas adiuuetur. </s> <s id="s.002843">Ergo lumen colo<lb></lb>rem, & magnitudinem, & formam mutare <lb></lb>poteſt, vt trabes ſerpentes videantur, alienam <lb></lb>tamen figuram recipere nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.002844">Neque <lb></lb>enim <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dicunt) homines abſque capitibus <lb></lb>videri poſſunt, aut cum canino capite: ſed ſi <lb></lb>lumen capita abſcondet, abſcondet & reli<lb></lb>qua. </s> <s id="s.002845">Neque formam mutare poteſt ſecun<lb></lb>dum luminis naturam, ſi pro forma figura <lb></lb>intelligatur. </s> <s id="s.002846">Quod verò occulta fit vi, aut <lb></lb>omninò non fiet, aut rariſſimè. </s> <s id="s.002847">Videntur au<lb></lb>tem mutari non ſolùm propria, ſed etiam <lb></lb>communia ſenſibilia: ac quædam eorum ma<lb></lb>gis ac faciliùs, vt magnitudo, numerus, quies, <lb></lb>motus, ac figura. </s> <s id="s.002848">Etenim in quadratis fora<lb></lb>minibus quædam rotunda videntur, quia <lb></lb>non per ſe ſentiuntur, nec adeò exquiſitè, <lb></lb>nec adeò vehementer in ſenſum imprimunt: <lb></lb>lumen autem, & calor viſus ſunt propria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002849">Verùm de coloribus ſuo loco dicemus, nunc <lb></lb>de lumine, & repræſentationibus tractatio <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002850">Eſt autem ( vt dictum eſt ) lumen lucis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg319"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>imago in corpore perſpicuo. </s> <s id="s.002851">Perſpicuum au<lb></lb>tem triplex: quoddam æquale, quoddam inæ<lb></lb>quale, ſeu in partibus ſuis diuerſum, & quod<lb></lb>dam ſola ſuperficie, cuiuſmodi ſunt ſpecula. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002852">Hoc autem nitorem dicimus. </s> <s id="s.002853">In perſpicuo <lb></lb>æquali lumen rectà procedit, in inæquali au<lb></lb>tem frangitur, à tenui reflectitur. </s> <s id="s.002854">Iuxta hoc <lb></lb>igitur conſtat, tres tantùm eſſe ſpecies lu<lb></lb>minis, rectam, reflexam, & refractam. </s> <s id="s.002855">Re<lb></lb>cta oſtendit res vt ſunt, refracta mutatas, re<lb></lb>flexa velut à ſpeculis debiles. </s> <s id="s.002856">Miſcentur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg320"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quandoque hæc, veluti cùm à craſſiore vi<lb></lb>tro oppoſito plumbo lumen ſimile refran<lb></lb>gitur, ac reflectitur. </s> <s id="s.002857">Optima igitur è chaly<lb></lb>be, vel argento ſpecula, de quibus inferiùs <lb></lb>agetur, docebimus, non è vitro, cryſtalló<lb></lb>ve: quamvis aliter homines credant. </s> <s id="s.002858">Sed <lb></lb>quia quæ è metallo ſunt, facilè vitiantur, ob <lb></lb>id creditum eſt, meliora eſſe vitrea. </s> <s id="s.002859">Metal<lb></lb>lica igitur exactiora, vitrea diuturniora, niſi <lb></lb>frangantur: leuis enim ille nitor non adeò in <lb></lb>vitro extinguitur, quoniam in materia ſic<lb></lb>ciore non tam facilè hæret. </s> <s id="s.002860">Cauſa enim cur <lb></lb>hæreat, eſt humidum: in humido enim vin<lb></lb>culum adhærentium. </s> <s id="s.002861">Sed & figura vitiantur, <lb></lb>quæ reflectunt, & ea in quibus lumen fran<lb></lb>gitur. </s> <s id="s.002862">Itáque ſpecula concaua, & conuexa, <lb></lb>item perſpicilia non æqualia, falſas reddunt <lb></lb>imagines. </s> <s id="s.002863">Hinc cauſa colligitur, cur non <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg321"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tam ex ſolo, quam è muris, nec tam è muris, <lb></lb>quam è ſpeculis reddantur imagines? </s> <s id="s.002864"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> non <lb></lb>niſi in perſpicuo fit lumen è luce: quæ autem <lb></lb>non nitent, non ſunt perſpicua, ideò lumen <lb></lb>perit: omne enim ſolidum perſpicuum nitet, <lb></lb>& omne nitens eſt perſpicuum. </s> <s id="s.002865">Quamobrem <lb></lb>in vndis etiam effigies relucent. </s> <s id="s.002866">Vnde Vir<lb></lb>gilianum illud: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Nec ſum adeò deformis, nuper me in littore vidi, <lb></lb>Cùm placidum ventis ſtaret mare: non ego Daphnim <lb></lb>Iudice te metuam, ſi nunquam fallit imago.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg322"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002867"><margin.target id="marg309"></margin.target>Lacteæ viæ <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002868"><margin.target id="marg310"></margin.target>Cur radij re<lb></lb>flexi videan<lb></lb>tur, & calo<lb></lb>rë augeant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002869"><margin.target id="marg311"></margin.target>Ignis cur ex <lb></lb>cauis ſpecu<lb></lb>lis accenda<lb></lb>tur, & non in <lb></lb>alba mate<lb></lb>ria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002870"><margin.target id="marg312"></margin.target>Ignis cur à <lb></lb>ſphærulis <lb></lb>cryſtallinis <lb></lb>in ſole poſitis <lb></lb>accendatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002871"><margin.target id="marg313"></margin.target>Sol quomodo <lb></lb>calefaciat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002872"><margin.target id="marg314"></margin.target>Subtilitas, <lb></lb>calor, ac mo<lb></lb>tus, cauſæ <lb></lb>viciſſim.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002873"><margin.target id="marg315"></margin.target>Cur in lecto <lb></lb>magis ca<lb></lb>leamus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002874"><margin.target id="marg316"></margin.target>Lux quid <lb></lb>ſit, & <expan abbr="lumẽ">lumen</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002875"><margin.target id="marg317"></margin.target>Ambulantes <lb></lb>per prata, fa<lb></lb>cies virides <lb></lb>habere vi<lb></lb>dentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002876"><margin.target id="marg318"></margin.target>Modus re<lb></lb>præſentandi <lb></lb>facies homi<lb></lb>num ſub di<lb></lb>uerſis colori<lb></lb>bus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002877"><margin.target id="marg319"></margin.target>Luminis tres <lb></lb>ſpecies.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002878"><margin.target id="marg320"></margin.target>Optima ſpe<lb></lb>cula quæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002879"><margin.target id="marg321"></margin.target>Cur à nitidis <lb></lb><expan abbr="tã">tam</expan>, cùm <expan abbr="lumẽ">lumen</expan> <lb></lb>reflectatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002880"><margin.target id="marg322"></margin.target>Cur aliqua <lb></lb>ſolida per<lb></lb>ſpicua.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002881">Videntur autem ab omnibus reflecti ra<lb></lb>dij, quia aliquis nitor in omni ſolido cor<lb></lb>pore eſt. </s> <s id="s.002882">Verùm illud mirum, cur calor, & <lb></lb>radij per ſolida, craſſa atque perſpicua ma<lb></lb>gis permeent, quàm per opaca, tenuia, ac <lb></lb>rariora: non enim meatibus implentur per<lb></lb>ſpicua, qui aër continuus eſt: & in vitro, & <lb></lb>cryſtallo meatus illi directi non poſſunt <lb></lb>eſſe, quia non conſiſteret: radij autem re<lb></lb>cti. </s> <s id="s.002883">Nec aqua patitur meatus, cùm tamen <lb></lb>ſit perſpicua. </s> <s id="s.002884">Omne igitur quòd lucis ima<lb></lb>ginem recipit, id autem fæculentum non <lb></lb>eſt, ſed clarum, perſpicuum dicitur. </s> <s id="s.002885">Non <pb pagenum="419" xlink:href="016/01/068.jpg"></pb>enim lumen corpus, ſed imago lucis, quæ <lb></lb>meatibus non indiget, velut nec calor: ca<lb></lb>lor autem magis corporeus eſt. </s> <s id="s.002886">Quia ergo <lb></lb>in ſolido recipiuntur radij, recipitur & ca<arrow.to.target n="marg323"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lor. </s> <s id="s.002887">Quomodo autem à ſyderibus reflecta<lb></lb>tur, dubitatio non parua eſt: nam ſi refle<lb></lb>ctitur lumen à ſydere, ſolidum ſydus eſſe <lb></lb>oportet: quòd ſi ſolidum, cur motu non <lb></lb>frangitur, & eum à quo mouetur non fa<lb></lb>tigat? </s> <s id="s.002888">Oportet autem quemadmodum & in <lb></lb>corpore animalium, animam ſpontè moue<lb></lb>re, & alacriter: at in nobis alacritas illa de<lb></lb>ficit, quia ibi ſolum eſt vis, quæ a corde <lb></lb>transfunditur, vbi anima habitas: at in <lb></lb>cœlo cùm vbique anima ſit, eſt alacritas <lb></lb>ſempiterna, ob id nec voluntate anima fa<lb></lb>tigatur, quòd nullo corporeo indigeat au<lb></lb>xilio: nec cor, quòd in eo ſit anima: ſed <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg324"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tamen ſpeciem habet fatigationis. </s> <s id="s.002889">Cœlum <lb></lb>autem cùm nunquam quieſcat, & vbique <lb></lb>præſentem habeat animam, nunquam fati<lb></lb>gari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.002890">Sed de Lunæ circulo, quòd ſe<lb></lb>cum æthera rapiat, non adeò clara quæſtio <lb></lb>eſt, fatigari enim deberet: melius verò eſt <lb></lb>dicere, toti ætheri hoc ineſſe ſpontè, vt <lb></lb>vnaquæque pars circumcirca feratur ab O<lb></lb>riente in Occidentem, & ſingulæ cùm ſuo <lb></lb>loco depulſæ fuerint ſpontè ad eam reuer<lb></lb>tantur. </s> <s id="s.002891">Hæc autem quæſtio pro nobis eſt, <lb></lb>qui mundum finem habiturum, habuiſſé<lb></lb>que initium, in libris de Æternitatis arca<lb></lb>nis cenſuimus. </s> <s id="s.002892">Aut forſan dicemus, quem<lb></lb>admodum aquam ad Lunæ motum, ſic æthe<lb></lb>ra ad primi cœli ſpontè circumferri, non ele<lb></lb>menti natura, ſed obedientia ad ſuperiora: vel <lb></lb>quòd ad motum conſeruandum hoc ſufficit <lb></lb>nullo nixu, initium verò non ſine labore fie<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.002893">Sed hic motus cùm ſit ſempiternus, ini<lb></lb>tio caruit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg325"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002894"><margin.target id="marg323"></margin.target>Sydera an <lb></lb>ſolida.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002895"><margin.target id="marg324"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>æther mo<lb></lb>ueatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002896"><margin.target id="marg325"></margin.target>Crepuſculo<lb></lb>rum ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002897">Verùm de his ſatis, ad lucis ac luminis <lb></lb>hiſtoriam reuertamur: vbi meritò forſan <lb></lb>quis quæret, cur ante Solis ortum, & poſt oc<lb></lb>caſum, aër luceat & clariùs ſit? </s> <s id="s.002898">quod tempus <lb></lb>crepuſculum vocatur. </s> <s id="s.002899">Sed cùm veſpertinum <lb></lb>crepuſculi nomen retinuerit, matutinum in <lb></lb>auroræ nomen tranſiit. </s> <s id="s.002900">Cuius meminit Vir<lb></lb>gilius duo decim claris experimentis. </s> <s id="s.002901">Pri<lb></lb>mùm referre ſat eſt: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Aurora Oceanum croceo velamine fulgens <lb></lb>Liquerat, & biiugis vecta rubebat equis: <lb></lb>Luce polum nitida perfudit candidus orbis, <lb></lb>Et clarum emicuit Sole oriente iubar.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.068.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/068/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002902">Ergo Solis radij cùm impediuntur à ter<lb></lb>ra, nullam claritatem afferunt, ſi non ali<lb></lb>quo ex loco reflectantur. </s> <s id="s.002903">Etenim cùm me<lb></lb>dia nox eſt, ponatur cœlum Solis ABF, Sol <lb></lb>A B, terra C D, ducantur contingentes <lb></lb>ACE: & BDE, concurrentes in E, totum <lb></lb>igitur quod continetur ſub cœlo ABF, & ſu<lb></lb>pra, à lumine Solis illuſtratur, præter tri<lb></lb>gonum CDE, & tamen partes F, & G, non <lb></lb>videntur claræ, quia Solis radij penetrant, <lb></lb>nec reflectuntur. </s> <s id="s.002904">Sed neque Sol magnitudi<lb></lb>ne ſua poteſt crepuſculum facere, tum quia <lb></lb>radij viderentur, & Solem videremus ipſum <lb></lb>tum quia, vt demonſtrauimus, ob maximam <lb></lb>altitudinem lineæ CE, & DE, fermè redde<lb></lb>rentur æquidiſtantes. </s> <s id="s.002905">Ergo crepuſculum fit, <lb></lb>quoniam pars quæ ſupra terram eſt, conten<lb></lb>ta ſub E, puncto, id eſt, ſub vmbra, terræ, à <lb></lb>vaporibus condenſata radios Solis excipit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002906">& ad nos reflectit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002907">Obſeruemus igitur Solem dum eſt ſub <arrow.to.target n="marg326"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>æquinoctiali circulo, qui crepuſculum in<lb></lb>choat partibus 19. ante ortum, id eſt, ho<lb></lb>ra fermè, & quarta ante Solis ipſius aſcen<lb></lb>ſum, & manifeſtum eſt, quòd tunc primum <lb></lb>Solis radius, qui aërem illuſtrat, terram <lb></lb>contingit: nam ſi non contingeret, ex ſum<lb></lb>mo loco vaporum contingens ad terram du<lb></lb>ctus perueniret ad locum inferiorem priore, <lb></lb>atque ſic crepuſculum antea quàm dictum <lb></lb>ſit, inchoaret. </s> <s id="s.002908">Hoc igitur poſito, conſti<lb></lb>tuatur circulus terram referens, cuius cen<lb></lb>trum C, contangens linea AD, ſumma pars <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.068.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/068/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>vaporum E, locus radij Soli F, & vbi ſecat <lb></lb>AD, ibi G, ponat: quia igitur Solis diſtan<lb></lb>tia maxima eſt ad terræ comparationem, an<lb></lb>gulus FGD, eſt, ac ſi eſſet in centro C, terræ, <lb></lb>quare eſt 19. partium, igitur & EGA, vt in <lb></lb>centro circuli: ſed A, & B, recti ſunt, igitur <lb></lb>cùm E, communis ſit duobus trigonis CBE, <lb></lb>& AEG, ipſi erunt ſimiles, & ideò ratio late<lb></lb>rum cognita: at BC, eſt millia paſſuum (vt <lb></lb>dictum eſt ) quinquies mille, igitur AE, eſt <lb></lb>millia paſſuum 288. & ad tantam altitudi<lb></lb>nem vapores aſcendunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002909"><margin.target id="marg326"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio oſtendens <lb></lb>ad quandam <lb></lb>altitudinem <lb></lb>à terra va<lb></lb>pores aſcen<lb></lb>dere poſſe.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002910">En vides humani ingenij ſubtilitatem <lb></lb>quouſque perueniat? </s> <s id="s.002911">Vitellionem haud ig<lb></lb>noro deceptum eſſe, qui aſcendere tantùm <lb></lb>ad 52. paſſuum millia tradiderit, cùm quintu<lb></lb>plo plus ac dimidio, quàm dixerit aſcendant: <lb></lb>verùm cùm ambitum terræ contrahat, & <lb></lb>paſſus ob id etiam maiores faciat aliquantò, <lb></lb>non tamen vſque ad quartam partem debitæ <lb></lb>altitudinis deducere eam poteſt. </s> <s id="s.002912">Quòd ſi vt <lb></lb>ad ſummum deducatur crepuſculum per <lb></lb>duas horas ante diem fiat, angulus C, in <lb></lb>circumferentia, qui æqualis eſt G, partium <lb></lb>60. & E, 120. quare linea AE, quæ altitudo <lb></lb>vaporum, erit paſſuum millia 772. & hoc <lb></lb>eſt maximum ad quod aſcendere vapores <lb></lb>poſſint è terra ſpatium. </s> <s id="s.002913">Vnde Irides, Vir<lb></lb>gæ incendia, hiatus cœli, non altiùs fie<lb></lb>ri poſſunt: vt nec triplicati Soles, geminatæ <pb pagenum="420" xlink:href="016/01/069.jpg"></pb>Lunæ, multóque minùs imbres, grandines, <lb></lb>niues, pruinæ, & quæcunque à vaporibus <lb></lb>ortum habent. </s> <s id="s.002914">Exiſtimandum eſt tamen in <lb></lb>diuerſis locis variam hanc eſſe altitudinem, <lb></lb>quæ tamen præſcriptum numerum paſſuum <lb></lb>minimè excedat. </s> <s id="s.002915">Ponamus igitur, vt nobis, <lb></lb>qui à circulo Capricorni diſtamus partibus <lb></lb>quaſi 68. oculus ſit in B, Mediolani: pun<lb></lb>ctus autem, qui videtur ſub circulo Capri<lb></lb>corni F. </s> <s id="s.002916">Conſtat igitur, quòd proportio CE, <lb></lb>ad C B, eſt, vt 8. ad 3. fermè. </s> <s id="s.002917">Cùm igitur <lb></lb>CA, ſit æqualis CB, erit proportio CB, ad <lb></lb>CA, etiam vt 8. ad 3. quare AC, ad AE, vt <lb></lb>5. ad 3. quare AE, eſt millia paſſuum 8000. <lb></lb>& inſuper 333. de quibus non curo. </s> <s id="s.002918">Satis <lb></lb>conſtat locum, qui à Mediolani incola vi<lb></lb>deri debet ſub hyemali circulo, à terra di<lb></lb>ſtare plus, quàm decies altitudo vaporum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg327"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pertingat. </s> <s id="s.002919">Sed ibi Cometes videntur à no<lb></lb>bis, igitur non fiunt ex vaporibus. </s> <s id="s.002920">Sed nec <lb></lb>ſuprà in æthere, cùm ibi non ſit materia, <lb></lb>quæ accendi poſſit. </s> <s id="s.002921">At ſi dicas raptum hu<lb></lb>morem eouſque trahi vi ſiderum, quamvis <lb></lb>altior ſit locus, quàm communis hic vapo<lb></lb>rum primùm quidem obſtat, quòd plerique <lb></lb>Cometes menſem excedunt ſecundum, aliqui <lb></lb>etiam nec in tertio finiuntur, huic conflagra<lb></lb>tioni nec tota terræ machina ſufficere. </s> <s id="s.002922"><expan abbr="Oſtẽ-ſum">Oſten<lb></lb>ſum</expan> eſt enim ſuperiùs, quòd ignis nunquam <lb></lb>in eadem eſt materia, ſed perpetuò nouam <lb></lb>requirit. </s> <s id="s.002923">Hoc autem ſidus cum cauda plerun<lb></lb>que eſt, & in æthere, quò fit vt minùs Luna <lb></lb>non ſit. </s> <s id="s.002924">Ardere autem tantam materiam, & <lb></lb>tribus durare menſibus, omninò impoſſibile <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002925">Accedit quòd aliqui humiliores eſſent, <lb></lb>qui abſconderentur ante occaſum, aut eſſent <lb></lb>immobiles, quorum neutrum adhuc viſum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002926">Multa præter id ſunt, quæ abſurditatem <lb></lb>huius opinionis oſtendunt: à quibus abſti<lb></lb>neo: quemadmodum illud Albumaſaris, Co<lb></lb>metem ſupra Venerem viſum fuiſſe: eſt au<lb></lb>tem Venus multò altior Luna. </s> <s id="s.002927">Sed depræ<lb></lb>hendere an Cometes in elementorum re<lb></lb>gione ſit, an in cœlo fiat: facilè eſt admo<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.002928">Nam ſi maiorem habeat diuerſitatem, <lb></lb>quàm Luna, in elementorum eſſe regione <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt: ſed ſi minorem, in cœlo fiet pro<lb></lb>cul dubio. </s> <s id="s.002929">Vides quàm leuibus artificiis hu<lb></lb>mana ſubtilitas ad detegenda cœli arcana <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg328"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>progrediatur. </s> <s id="s.002930">Communia ſunt omnibus Co<lb></lb>metis, quòd triplici motu moueantur. </s> <s id="s.002931">Vno <lb></lb>ab Oriente in Occidentem, velut & ſydera <lb></lb>omnia reliqua in horis 24. Altero ab Occi<lb></lb>dente in Orientem, paulò plus, minúſve par<lb></lb>te vna cœli, ad ſimilitudinem fermè Vene<lb></lb>ris. </s> <s id="s.002932">Nam Cometes anni M.D.XXXII. cùm <lb></lb>vigeſima ſecunda die Septembris exortus <lb></lb>eſſet, & tertia die Decembris occubuiſſet, in <lb></lb>71. diebus, ex 5. parte Virginis, in 8. Scor<lb></lb>pij proceſſit: quo factum eſt, vt ſolùm 63. <lb></lb>partibus, ſigniferi, ſecundùm longitudinem <lb></lb>in diebus 71. proceſſerit, minus ſcilicet parte <lb></lb>vna diebus ſingulis. </s> <s id="s.002933">Ex quo patet: ſub Luna <lb></lb>eum eſſe non poſſe, nam ſic motu primi <lb></lb>orbis velociùs, quàm Luna moueretur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg329"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Conſtat enim Lunam in horis 24. retroce<lb></lb>dere iuxta primi motus rationem partibus <lb></lb>13. Plinius exiſtimat Cometem non vltra <lb></lb>80. diem apparere, nec celeriùs 7. occulta<lb></lb>ri. </s> <s id="s.002934">Simili ratione refert Hieronymus Fra<lb></lb>caſtorius, prioris exempli auctor, in ſuo de <lb></lb>Homocentricis libro, die 8. Septembris, an<lb></lb>ni 1531. Cometem fuiſſe paulò Sole Orien<lb></lb>taliorem, id eſt, iuxta 24. partem Virginis <lb></lb>iuxta autem initium Octobris, cùm Iupiter <lb></lb>eſſet in tertia Scorpij parte, factus eſt illi <lb></lb>propinquus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002935"><margin.target id="marg327"></margin.target><expan abbr="Cometẽ">Cometem</expan> non <lb></lb>fieri in re<lb></lb>gione ele<lb></lb>mentorum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002936"><margin.target id="marg328"></margin.target>Tria quæ <lb></lb>ſunt cometis <lb></lb>omnibus <lb></lb>communia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002937"><margin.target id="marg329"></margin.target>Quantum <lb></lb>Cometes du<lb></lb>ret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002938">Sect.3.c.23.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002939">In menſe itaque vno <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam in explicando <lb></lb>negligentior fuit) partes circiter 40. Come<lb></lb>tes in longitudine ſuperauit, id eſt, à 22. Vir<lb></lb>ginis, ad ſecundam, vel tertiam Scorpij <lb></lb>progreſſus, qui motus Veneris motui parùm <lb></lb>eſt abſimilis, aut Mercurij. </s> <s id="s.002940">Tertius eſt mo<lb></lb>tus ſecundùm latitudinem maximus, vt ( ni <lb></lb>ille fallatur ) incredibili celeritate modò ad <lb></lb>Boream vnus, modò alter ad Auſtrum fera<lb></lb>tur: qui tum proceſſus fiunt, cùm Cometes <lb></lb>iuxta polos fuerint: nam tunc modica varie<lb></lb>tas loci ad ſigniferum comparata, latitudi<lb></lb>nem non parùm mutat. </s> <s id="s.002941">Aliud verò commu<lb></lb>ne Cometis eſt, quòd cauda ſemper ad vn<lb></lb>guem, partem Soli oppoſitam reſpicit: vt <lb></lb>cùm Sol occidit, Cometes caudam habet <lb></lb>ad amuſſim Orientem verſus, vt in obſcu<lb></lb>ra Lunæ parte nobis ſingulis diebus videre <lb></lb>licet. </s> <s id="s.002942">Tertium eſt, quòd plerunque Solem <lb></lb>longitudine comitatur ſic, vt in crepuſculis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg330"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tantùm videatur, non tamen ſemper. </s> <s id="s.002943">Quò <lb></lb>fit vt clarè pateat Cometem globum eſſe in <lb></lb>cœlo conſtitutum, qui à Sole illuminatus <lb></lb>videtur, & dum radij tranſeunt, barbæ aut <lb></lb>caudæ effigiem formant. </s> <s id="s.002944">Hic igitur in cœ<lb></lb>lo, ſi ibi eſt generatio fieri poteſt: ſi non <lb></lb>admittatur, dicere neceſſe eſt, quod & ve<lb></lb>rius eſt, cœlum eſſe ſyderibus pluribus, ſed <lb></lb>non admodum denſis, plenum: quòd cùm <lb></lb>aër ſicceſſit, & attenuatur, vel etiam aliis <lb></lb>ex cauſis, oculis noſtris ſe ſubiicit. </s> <s id="s.002945">Nam & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg331"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quandoque Venus media die videtur, quam <lb></lb>de nouo genitam non eſſe ſatis conſtat. </s> <s id="s.002946">Inde <lb></lb>fit vt ſicceſcente aëre maria multùm agiten<lb></lb>tur tempeſtatibus, & ventorum flatus per<lb></lb>ſæpè maximi ſuccedant, & nobiles ac Prin<lb></lb>cipes, qui curis, vigiliis, odoratiſque cibis, <lb></lb>tum vinis potentibus ſiccantur, mortem op<lb></lb>petant. </s> <s id="s.002947">Contingunt & hac cauſa aquarum <lb></lb>imminutio, & piſcium mors, & ſterilitates, <lb></lb>& legum mutationes, ac ſeditiones, & re<lb></lb>gnorum ſubuerſiones: quæ omnia ( vt dixi) <lb></lb>ab immodica tenuitate, ac ſiccitate aëris <lb></lb>fiunt, vt Cometes horum quidem poſſit eſſe <lb></lb>ſignum, cauſa autem minimè. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg332"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002948"><margin.target id="marg330"></margin.target>Quid ſit Co<lb></lb>metes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002949"><margin.target id="marg331"></margin.target>Cometarum <lb></lb>prodigia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.002950"><margin.target id="marg332"></margin.target>Iridis colo<lb></lb>ers quomodo <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002951">De iride verò quòd frequentior fit, & <lb></lb>quoniam palàm eſt ipſam in vaporum re<lb></lb>gione fieri, minor eſt dubitatio. </s> <s id="s.002952">Velut <lb></lb>enim aquæ gutta, cùm ex aduerſo Solis in<lb></lb>ſpicitur, multos refert ac omnes ſplendidos <lb></lb>colores: ita è nube denſa rorida, guttuliſ<lb></lb>que ſcatente fit iris. </s> <s id="s.002953">Omne enim obſcurum <lb></lb>eſt, veluti nigrum. </s> <s id="s.002954">Indicio ſunt vmbræ, quæ <lb></lb>ob id omnes nigræ videntur. </s> <s id="s.002955">Duplicéſque <lb></lb>cùm paries ſimul radios Soli rectos & ex <lb></lb>aqua reflexos receperit, ſic vt eorum pars <lb></lb>ab homine intercipiatur. </s> <s id="s.002956">Namque Solis ra<lb></lb>diis illuſtratur ſuperior vmbra, ob id non <lb></lb>adeò nigra eſt. </s> <s id="s.002957">Cùm verò obſcurum illumi<arrow.to.target n="marg333"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>natur, & id politum fuerit, ad colores <lb></lb>pro lucis multitudine tranſit. </s> <s id="s.002958">Obſcura <lb></lb>autem eſt nubes, & guttæ aquæ poli<lb></lb>tæ, ideò lucis varietate colores referunt. <pb pagenum="421" xlink:href="016/01/070.jpg"></pb>Cùm autem circulus interior proximior <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg334"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſit obſcuritati, cæruleus videtur: medius, <lb></lb>qui luminoſior eſt, viridis: exterior, qui & <lb></lb>maximus, ampliori luce illuſtratus, croceus <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.002959">Purpureus verò atque xanthus, non <lb></lb>principales ſunt colores: ſed cum varietate <lb></lb>luminis ex altero in alterum colorem ſit <lb></lb>tranſitus, coëuntibus terminis neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>in in medio, velut etiam in picturis, te<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg335"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nuiter colores alios apparere. </s> <s id="s.002960">Eſt autem <lb></lb>centrum Solis & oculi, & iridis in vna li<lb></lb>nea. </s> <s id="s.002961">Sic enim ex caua nebula perpendicu<lb></lb>lares radij reflectuntur: & quanquam ne<lb></lb>bula ipſa non ſit rotunda, ſoli tamen ra<lb></lb>dij, qui ex parte rotunda reflectuntur, quia <lb></lb>ſoli perpendiculares ſunt, Solis imaginem <lb></lb>referunt: quæ quia debilis eſt, & debili<lb></lb>ter reflectitur, colorum ſpeciem repræſen<lb></lb>tat: nam lux cùm debilis redditur, in <lb></lb>ſplendidum colorem tranſit: quæ ſi ma<lb></lb>gis debilitetur, in colores nigro propin<lb></lb>quiores mutatur: pòſt ſi plus etiam, ad <lb></lb>colores ſine luce peruenit: demùm ad ni<lb></lb>grum vbi minimum eſt de luce, vltimo <lb></lb>cùm deficit, tranſit in tenebras. </s> <s id="s.002962">Igitur <lb></lb>cùm ad centrum ex ſola rotunda, cauá<lb></lb>que parte radij reflectantur, & ſi nubes <lb></lb>non caua ſit, & plures guttæ antè, reli<lb></lb>qua quidem tota nubes conſpicitur, ſed à <lb></lb>caua, rotundáque reflexio fit perpendicula<lb></lb>ris, quæ iridem, id eſt, Solem repræſen<lb></lb>tat, non aliter, quam ex aquæ guttis vi<lb></lb>debis, colores ſcilicet varios atque ſplen<lb></lb>didos. </s> <s id="s.002963">Cùm igitur Sol eſt in finitore, & <lb></lb>oculus ( vt dixi ) in recta linea cum centro <lb></lb>iridis, centrum iridis in finitore, neceſſa<lb></lb>riò, erit, quare tunc ad vnguem iris ſub ſe<lb></lb>micirculi forma apparebit: nam reliqua <lb></lb>medietas neceſſariò tota eſt ſub finitore, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg336"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſi centrum in illo eſt. </s> <s id="s.002964">Cùm verò Sol al<lb></lb>tior extiterit, manifeſtum eſt, quod li<lb></lb>nea ducta à Solis centro per oculum infrà <lb></lb>finitorem cadet: igitur tunc centrum iridis <lb></lb>erit ſub finitore: & quò Sol extiterit al<lb></lb>tior, linea ducta à Sole per oculum hu<lb></lb>milior erit, quare & centrum iridis, quod <lb></lb>in hac linea eſt. </s> <s id="s.002965">Itáque quantò cen<lb></lb>trum iridis magis erit ſub finitore, eò ſu<lb></lb>perioris ſemicirculi pars maior abſconde<lb></lb>tur ab oculis noſtris: quare quantò altior <lb></lb>Sol, eò minorem portionem vnius circu<lb></lb>li iridem eſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.002966">Liquet autem ex <lb></lb>his, tum quòd iridis pars media abſque ne<lb></lb>bula eſt, tum quòd ſub terra latitet, iri<lb></lb>dem nihil eſſe: nam non ex centro nebulæ <lb></lb>radij reflectuntur, ſed centrum ſolum ima<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg337"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ginatione conſtat. </s> <s id="s.002967">Quòd etiam vna tantùm <lb></lb>videri poſſit, haud dubium eſt. </s> <s id="s.002968">Nam cùm <lb></lb>oculus in linea ſit, quæ à Sole procedit ad <lb></lb>centrum nebulæ, nulla alia, niſi idem ha<lb></lb>beat centrum iris videri poterit. </s> <s id="s.002969">Sed nec <lb></lb>ſub eodem centro, quoniam ex Sole refle<lb></lb>xio fieri nequit: nam oculus habet ratio<lb></lb>nem centri cauitatis: non quia ſit centrum, <lb></lb>ſed quia ex duobus punctis in eadem linea, <lb></lb>quæ à centro eſt, duæ lineæ ad eadem pun<lb></lb>cta ſub æquis angulis reflecti non poſſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg338"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Relinquitur igitur, vt ex prima alia refle<lb></lb>ctatur, quare ſecundam maiorem prima eſſe <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt, & debiliorem multò: itaque ex <lb></lb>ſecunda tertiam oriri eſt impoſſibile. </s> <s id="s.002970">Quia <lb></lb>igitur ex prima reflexa ſecunda oritur, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, vt lineæ ſeu radij circuli prioris <lb></lb>iridis interiores, cùm maiorem angulum <lb></lb>faciant, longiùs reſiliant, exteriores pro<lb></lb>piùs: quare cir coeruleus erit exterior circulus <lb></lb>ſecundæ iridis, medius viridis, vt primi ex<lb></lb>terior croceus, contraria ad vnguem prio<lb></lb>ri ratione. </s> <s id="s.002971">Planum etiam ex his eſſe exiſti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg339"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mo, quòd cùm Sol eſt in meridie iuxta æſti<lb></lb>uum ſolſtitium ſemicirculi maximam habet <lb></lb>altitudinem: quò fit, vt centrum iridis ſe<lb></lb>midiametro totius circuli eius ſit infra fini<lb></lb>torem viſus, quare iris non videbitur: ſed <lb></lb>cùm iuxta autumni æquinoctium, & per <lb></lb>totam hyemem, & poſt æquinoctium ver<lb></lb>num videbitur, ſed eò minor, quò ( vt di<lb></lb>ctum eſt <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſolſtitio æſtiuo, & meridie ma<lb></lb>gis appropinquabit. </s> <s id="s.002972">Cur autem dum iris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg340"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>modica eſt, & parùm à finitore eleuatur, eò <lb></lb>maioris circuli pars eſſe videtur? </s> <s id="s.002973">Cauſa eſt, <lb></lb>quòd oculus magis diſtare iridem, quò <lb></lb>humilior eſſe iudicat: quoniam diſtantiam <lb></lb>intelligit, vt de aſtris diximus. </s> <s id="s.002974">Sed cùm <lb></lb>diſtare verticem iridis plus iudicat, latio<lb></lb>rem etiam exiſtimat, velut etiam dixi, de <lb></lb>Sole, & Luna orientibus, at angulus maior <lb></lb>circuli maiorem illum eſſe oſtendit, quod <lb></lb>facilè quiſque intelligit, cùm minorem cir<lb></lb>culum maiori ita inſcribit, vt ſe tangant: <lb></lb>apparet enim maiorem in circumambiente <lb></lb>linea eſſe latiorem: ea de cauſa minor por<lb></lb>tio iridis, maioris circuli pars eſſe videtur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg341"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sed non ſolùm irides ex nebulis, verum ex <lb></lb>remis dum agitantur in mari lucis reflexio<lb></lb>ne, à guttis aquæ fiunt: & hyeme auſtro <lb></lb>ſtante circa lucernas, maximè ab his, qui <lb></lb>oculos habent humidos: & à guttis inſper<lb></lb>ſis parieti, dum à Sole illuminantur, in obſ<lb></lb>curo oculo è directo reſpiciente: omnium <lb></lb>enim vna eſt cauſa, vt rectè refert Ariſto<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg342"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teles. </s> <s id="s.002975">Sed Pareliæ, Virgæ, & Corona, quam <lb></lb>nos circa Solem vidimus, Halonem vo<lb></lb>cant, coloris cauſam eandem habent, quam <lb></lb>diximus: verùm, Pareliæ & ipſæ ſolum ex <lb></lb>reflexione ad oculum fiunt, nulla prorſus in <lb></lb>nubibus imagine: atque ideò ex guttilis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg343"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tunc nubes conſtat. </s> <s id="s.002976">Iris & igitur Pareliæ <lb></lb>plerumque pluuias nunciant leues, quia gut<lb></lb>tulæ ex aqua ſunt & diuiſæ, radiuſque Solis <lb></lb>penetrat. </s> <s id="s.002977">Corona autem ſubſtantiam habet <lb></lb>quippe quæ fit ex reflexione Solis, aut Lu<lb></lb>næ, aut ſyderis alterius, tanquam ex cen<lb></lb>tro à nube denſa in circuitum, rotunda fi<lb></lb>gura. </s> <s id="s.002978">Itaque non oculus eas fingit vt iridem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg344"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& Parelias, ſed factas videt, & in nubibus <lb></lb>conſiſtentes. </s> <s id="s.002979">Velut etiamſi cryſtallum, tri<lb></lb>gonum, ſeu priſma, vel hexagonam Soli <lb></lb>expoſueris, in aduerſo pariete colores non <lb></lb>fictos, ſed veros iridis videbis: & ſimiliter <lb></lb>ſub vaſe vitreo pleno atque Soli, vel etiam <lb></lb>lumini claro expoſi to, eoſdem conſpicere <lb></lb>licet. </s> <s id="s.002980">Sed ficti erunt, ſi cryſtallum inſpicias <lb></lb>aut vitrum: nam quales tu vides, & vbi <lb></lb>vides Sole præſente, ſocius non omninò <lb></lb>videbit: aut diſſimiles, aut non eodem lo<lb></lb>co, quia veræ non ſunt, ſed ab oculi aſpe<lb></lb>ctus ratione tantum proficiſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.002981">Quò fit <pb pagenum="422" xlink:href="016/01/071.jpg"></pb>vt mirer eos, qui affirmant, iridem vbi in<lb></lb>cubuerit, plantas illas efficere odoratas, tum <lb></lb>maximè ſi iam naturâ tales ſint: vt laurus, <lb></lb>iuniperus, myrtus: credo potiùs cauſam <lb></lb>eſſe, quam dixi, cur optima terra poſt ſicci<lb></lb>tatis imbre ſuperueniente benè oleat. </s> <s id="s.002982">Quis <lb></lb>enim vnquam irridem vidit arbori incum<lb></lb>bentem? </s> <s id="s.002983">cùm ſola <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) viſus imagi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg345"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne conſiſtat. </s> <s id="s.002984">Quod igitur dicere oportet, <lb></lb>cum Ariſtotele eſt, iridem apparere cum <lb></lb>ex guttulis nubes humilis eſt, quæ poſt lon<lb></lb>gas ſiccitates arboribus ſuperueniens iam <lb></lb>natura odoratis concocto protinus humido <lb></lb>guttularum tenui, in vapores mirum in <lb></lb>modum odoratos euaneſcit: nam hoc ego <lb></lb>quandoque in æſtate matutinò vidi, in ro<lb></lb>ſæ arbore iam areſcente: tantus enim ex <lb></lb>rore citra iridem fragrabat odor, vt vix ei <lb></lb>quanquam auſim comparare. </s> <s id="s.002985">Hac de cauſa, <lb></lb>qui iridem viderunt iam, & naturam eius ig<lb></lb>norant, odoris cauſam in eam referunt. </s> <s id="s.002986">Ma<lb></lb>tutinę imbres, veſpertinæ <expan abbr="ſerenitatẽ">ſerenitatem</expan> indicare <lb></lb>apud nos ſolent: quoniam nobis <expan abbr="tẽpus">tempus</expan> quale <lb></lb>cœlum plerumque occidente Sole, at ſere<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg346"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>num in iride veſpertina. </s> <s id="s.002987">At Corona, & Vir<lb></lb>gæ, vel diu manent inconcuſſæ, & nimbos <lb></lb>prædicunt, nam nubes eſt denſa, quæ tam<lb></lb>diu immota manet, & radiis ſyderis non <lb></lb>conſumitur, nec diſſipatur, quòd ſi pars <lb></lb>maneat, pars repentè diſſipatur, aut tota <lb></lb>ſimul diſſipetur, ventos prænunciat, ex ea <lb></lb>parte, quæ rectè imminet auulſæ parti, vt <lb></lb>ſit quaſi ventus chorda relicti arcus Halo<lb></lb>nis, vel æquidiſtans parti ſupremæ, aut la<lb></lb>teri auulſæ partis Virgæ: at ſi ſenſim emar<lb></lb>ceſcant, tenuitatis vaporum indicium præ<lb></lb>bent, atque ideò etiam ſerenitatis. </s> <s id="s.002988">Diffe<lb></lb>runt autem inter ſe Pareliæ, & Virgæ, quan<lb></lb>quam ambæ rectæ ſint ( nam inter Iridem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg347"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& Coronam, quum Corona ſit circulus <lb></lb>completus, haud obſcura eſt differentia) <lb></lb>quòd Virgæ oblongæ ſunt, & coloribus <lb></lb>Iridis diſtinctæ, vno, perſæpè duobus, plu<lb></lb>ribuſve, quandoque in ſummo nubium qua<lb></lb>ſi imminentes capiti, aliquando quaſi deſ<lb></lb>cendentes, iuxta nubium ſitum: non val<lb></lb>dè latæ, ſed anguſtæ, vnde nomen ſum<lb></lb>pſerunt. </s> <s id="s.002989">At Pareliæ rotundæ quaſi, aut <lb></lb>parum oblongæ, Solem aut Lunam gemi<lb></lb>natam oſtendunt: quandoque à lateribus <lb></lb>Solis vna ſingulis, ſic vt tres Soles quan<lb></lb>doque referant vt ego ſemel vidi: nec ſatis <lb></lb>noueram oculo, quis eſſet verus, adeò mica<lb></lb>bant, qui à lateribus erant radiis: aderant <lb></lb>tunc & Iris vna, & Corona etiam, in cœ<lb></lb>li medio ( dictum mirum<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quum nullus Sol <lb></lb>ibi eſſet, ſed omnes in Oriente: neque enim <lb></lb>fiunt hæc, niſi Sole occiduo, aut Orien<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg348"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te, dum nubes caua excipit, ac denſa ra<lb></lb>dios, atque remittit. </s> <s id="s.002990">Igitur quum tres Lu<lb></lb>næ fuerint, media erit vera. </s> <s id="s.002991">Accidit rarò <lb></lb>de Luna geminata, rariſſimè de triplici: <lb></lb>quòd non fiat, niſi Luna (vt dixi) in Orien<lb></lb>te, vel Occidente, ob cauſam de Iride aſſi<lb></lb>gnatam: nec niſi plenilunio fermè, cum <lb></lb>alio tempore ſit imbecillior: purum etiam <lb></lb>aërem & denſiſſimam nubem expoſtulat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002992">Cum verò trigemina futura eſt, manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt, quòd duas tales nubes, ac lo<lb></lb>cis opportunis conſtitutas adeſſe oportet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002993">Frequentior eſt Parelia Solis duplex, quàm <lb></lb>Lunę ſimplex. </s> <s id="s.002994">Simplex autem Solis frequens <lb></lb>eſt, ac nullis nautis penè, magno etiam cum <lb></lb>periculo, non viſa. </s> <s id="s.002995">Accedit ad Parelia<lb></lb>rum Lunæ raritatem, quod homines no<lb></lb>cte non adeò vigilant, & in locis manent <lb></lb>apertis, ac ſub diuo, ſicut de die, vt plu<lb></lb>res longè fiant forſan, quæ non videntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002996">Solis autem imaginem impoſſibile eſt om<lb></lb>nes latêre, tot ſub dio mortalibus. </s> <s id="s.002997">At<lb></lb>que ( vt reor ) eadem eſt cauſa, cur paucæ <lb></lb>irides Lunæ videantur: nam & hæ nocte <lb></lb>primum, Luna luminibus ſaltem fermè <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg349"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>plena, non multum circa æquinoctia<lb></lb>lem circulum, & finitori propinqua vi<lb></lb>deri poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.002998">Hanc ferunt in Germania, <lb></lb>vbi frequentius videtur ob poli altitu<lb></lb>dinem, & nubium denſitatem, bis vi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg350"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſam vna ætate, Candida eſt multò ma<lb></lb>gis ſolari iride, vt pro cæruleo obſcura viridi<lb></lb>tas, pro viridi croceus, pro crocea albus fer<lb></lb>mè ſubiiciatur. </s> <s id="s.002999">His rationibus palam eſt, <lb></lb>cùm Sol aut Luna nunquam retrò capita <lb></lb>noſtra agantur ad Boream, ſitque centrum <lb></lb>iridis in linea à Sole ad oculum, iridem in <lb></lb>Oriente in Occidente, & in Septentrione <lb></lb>tantùm ſpectari poſſe: in Auſtro nunquam <lb></lb>niſi quantum ex Solis, & finitoris diuerſi<lb></lb>tate contingit, æſtate parietes in mane ver<lb></lb>ſus Boream à primis radiis eius illuſtrari, <lb></lb>Cùm enim æſtate Sol oriatur, vbi circulus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg351"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cancri finitorem ſecat, ratio ſphæræ edo<lb></lb>cet, vt nobis auſtrum inſpicientibus, vm<lb></lb>bras adeò obliquas exporrigat, vt ad Au<lb></lb>ſtrum tendere videantur. </s> <s id="s.003000">Eadémque ratio <lb></lb>dum occidit, viget: nam verticis axis cùm <lb></lb>ad centrum terræ deſcendat: Sol verò citra <lb></lb>centrum terræ in circulo Cancri feratur, <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt, vt quantò magis finitori pro<lb></lb>pinquus eſt Sol, eò illum borealiorem no<lb></lb>bis videri, cùm lineæ, quæ ad verticem ten<lb></lb>dit noſtrum, partis imæ comparatione ve<lb></lb>rè ſit borealis. </s> <s id="s.003001">Sagitta enim ad circulum <lb></lb>Cancri perueniens in finitoris ſuperficie, <lb></lb>breuior eſt, quàm vt nos attingat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003002"><margin.target id="marg333"></margin.target>Vmbræ cur <lb></lb>nigræ vi<lb></lb>deantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003003"><margin.target id="marg334"></margin.target>Ratio ordi<lb></lb>nis colorum <lb></lb>in iride.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003004"><margin.target id="marg335"></margin.target>Cur iris ro<lb></lb>tundæ figu<lb></lb>ræ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003005"><margin.target id="marg336"></margin.target>Cur iris vi<lb></lb>deatur ſemi<lb></lb>circuli for<lb></lb>ma, dum ſol <lb></lb>eſt in finito<lb></lb>re. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003006">Cur iris dum <lb></lb>ſol altior <lb></lb>eſt, minor <lb></lb>videtur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003007"><margin.target id="marg337"></margin.target>Cur irides <lb></lb>tantum duo <lb></lb>videri ſimul <lb></lb>poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003008"><margin.target id="marg338"></margin.target>Iridis ſecun<lb></lb>dæ colorum <lb></lb>ordo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003009"><margin.target id="marg339"></margin.target>Cur iris in <lb></lb>meridie non <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003010"><margin.target id="marg340"></margin.target>Cur iris quò <lb></lb>minorem re<lb></lb>fert circuli <lb></lb>portionem, eo <lb></lb>maioris cir<lb></lb>culi pars vi<lb></lb>detur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003011"><margin.target id="marg341"></margin.target>Iris ex re<lb></lb>mis, & lu<lb></lb>cerna, & <lb></lb>guttulis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003012"><margin.target id="marg342"></margin.target>De corona, <lb></lb>pareliis, & <lb></lb>virgis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003013"><margin.target id="marg343"></margin.target>Iris, & pare<lb></lb>liæ quid ſi<lb></lb>gnificent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003014"><margin.target id="marg344"></margin.target>Colores iri<lb></lb>dis veræ, <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiant à cry<lb></lb>ſtallo, & vi<lb></lb>tro. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003015">Iris quomo<lb></lb>do bene olere <lb></lb>faciat arbo<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003016"><margin.target id="marg345"></margin.target>2.Problem.b <lb></lb>3.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003017"><margin.target id="marg346"></margin.target>Corona, & <lb></lb>virgæ quid <lb></lb>prænuncient.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003018"><margin.target id="marg347"></margin.target>Virgæ, & <lb></lb>pareliæ, in <lb></lb>quod diffe<lb></lb>rant, tum <lb></lb>iris, & coro<lb></lb>na.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003019"><margin.target id="marg348"></margin.target>Cur paraliæ, <lb></lb>& geminæ <lb></lb>lunæ rariſſi<lb></lb>mè contin<lb></lb>gant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003020"><margin.target id="marg349"></margin.target>Cur irides <lb></lb>lunæ raræ, <lb></lb>& quales.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003021"><margin.target id="marg350"></margin.target>Iridem in <lb></lb>auſtro à no<lb></lb>bis videri <lb></lb>non poſſe.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003022"><margin.target id="marg351"></margin.target>Æſtate ma<lb></lb>nè, & veſpe<lb></lb>ri vmbræ <lb></lb>quaſi au<lb></lb>ſtrales.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.071.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/071/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003023">Sed & ex his diſtantiam iridis viſæ à no<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg352"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtris pedibus iam metiri diſcamus. </s> <s id="s.003024">Sit ar<lb></lb>cus ſemicirculi AB tranſeuntis per Solem, <lb></lb>& oculos noſtros, ac verticem noſtrum, <lb></lb>& centrum iridis, tum illius verticem <lb></lb>A B: & ſit centrum mundi C, centrum <lb></lb>iridis D, cuius ſemidiameter, & ſinus ver<lb></lb>ſus ſeu ſagitto E F, medietas ima arcus <lb></lb>iridis viſa E F, Sol K: quia igitur ar<lb></lb>cus K A notus eſt, erit & angulus in C, <lb></lb>quaſi eſſet centrum mundi punctus C, ob <pb pagenum="423" xlink:href="016/01/072.jpg"></pb>diſtantiam cognitus: quare angulus DCF, <lb></lb>& F rectus eſt: igitur trigonus C F D co<lb></lb>gnitus ex tabula de chorda, & arcu. </s> <s id="s.003025">Du<lb></lb>cemus igitur C E H, & erit arcus B H ex <lb></lb>planiſphærio illicò notus: nam hæc eſt pri<lb></lb>ma operatio, & facillima illius inſtrumen<lb></lb>ti, quæ illicò nobis occurrit. </s> <s id="s.003026">Igitur an<lb></lb>gulus BCH notus: & eodem modo CFE re<lb></lb>ctus: igitur trigonus CFE, & proportio quin<lb></lb>que linearum CD, CE, CF, DE, EF, & quan<lb></lb>ta ſit portio ſemicirculi EG ex tabula de chor<lb></lb>da, & arcu: nam poſita DE, 60. duplicabi FG, <lb></lb>quam infrà docebo, & arcus illi chordæ è <lb></lb>directo ſcriptus, eſt totius iridis, quæ ap<lb></lb>paret, id eſt, dupli G E. </s> <s id="s.003027">Et ita habes iam <lb></lb>quantitatem iridis, quamuis non videas <lb></lb>imum illius, id eſt, punctum G, nam vix <lb></lb>vnquam poteſt eſſe certus de puncto G, an <lb></lb>ſit ima pars iridis, propter locorum inæ<lb></lb>qualitatem. </s> <s id="s.003028">Pòſt procedo ad L, & video <lb></lb>altitudinem B M per E punctum, igitur <lb></lb>angulus M E H eſt cognitus: quia ( vt de<lb></lb>claratum eſt<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vapores parum aſcendunt, ſed <lb></lb>longè minus nubes: vt Albertus Magnus <lb></lb>exiſtimat, non plus 15. ſtadiis: eſt igitur <lb></lb>ac ſi angulus HCM eſſet in centro terræ, <lb></lb>& ideò CEL cognitus, & F C E fuit co<lb></lb>gnitus igitur C L E & totus trigonus <lb></lb>C E L per eandem tabulam: & quia an<lb></lb>gulus F E C cognitus fuit, & LEC, erit <lb></lb>angulus FEL cognitus, quare cum F rectus <lb></lb>ſit, erit trigonus FCL cognitus: quare pro<lb></lb>portio FL ad LE cognita, & iam L E ad <lb></lb>LC cognita fuit ex trigono ELC, igitur <lb></lb>ratio FL ad L C cognita: ſed L C eſt co<lb></lb>gnita menſura, eſt enim proceſſus tuus, igi<lb></lb>tur FL cognita, & etiam FC ex ipſis com<lb></lb>poſita: F G autem cognita fuit & ED: ideò <lb></lb>cum duxeris EF in aggregatum ex E D & <lb></lb>D E & producti latus quadratum acce<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg353"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>peris, habebis G F ex S. ſexti, & 31. <lb></lb>tertij elementorum Euclidis. </s> <s id="s.003029">Ducta igi<lb></lb>tur C F in ſe, & F G in ſe, latus ag<lb></lb>gregati, eſt linea C G diſtantia à loco <lb></lb>iridis, vbi terram tangit. </s> <s id="s.003030">Conſpicuum <lb></lb>autem eſt, quòd ſi quis ſuper montem <lb></lb>aſcendat altiſſimum, iridem maiorem ſe<lb></lb>micirculo videbit, & eò maiorem, quò <lb></lb>mons altior extiterit: quod enim ha<lb></lb>bet ante oculos ſpatium, vacui habet <lb></lb>rationem Neque ignorare decet, maxi<lb></lb>mam iridem non vltra quadraginta duas <lb></lb>partes in noſtris regionibus ſupra finito<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg354"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rem eleuari. </s> <s id="s.003031">Maxima autem fit iris, <lb></lb>quum Sol in occaſu, vel ortu extite<lb></lb>rit, & linea C F fuerit longiſſima. </s> <s id="s.003032">Con<lb></lb>ſtat igitur etiam ſciri poſſe, quanta ſit <lb></lb>maxima iridis à nobis diſtantia, illius <lb></lb>ſuppoſita magnitudine, tum verò ex di<lb></lb>ſtantia ipſa magnitudinem, provt defi<lb></lb>nitum eſt, comparata F G linea ad C G <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg355"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iam cognitam. </s> <s id="s.003033">Iam verò ex reflexione <lb></lb>conſtat, quòd ſi ſpeculum ponatur ſub <lb></lb>aqua, imago Solis ab aqua reflectetur, <lb></lb>quæ Solem referet alia verò quæ ex a<lb></lb>quæ ſuperficie coanguſtatur ob medij den<lb></lb>ſitatem, à ſpeculo reflectetur, & ſy<lb></lb>deris exigui imaginem refert, putant<lb></lb>que homines ſydus aliquod eſſe Soli pro<lb></lb>pinquum, quod eo artificio detegatur, <lb></lb>cùm ſatis conſtet imaginem eſſe Solis, <lb></lb>ſed ab aqua in ſpeculum refractam, quam <lb></lb>plerumque in deliquiis Solis homines, dum <lb></lb>deliquium ſpectare ſtudent, in ſpeculo vide<lb></lb>re ſolent. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg356"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003034"><margin.target id="marg352"></margin.target>Quomodo di<lb></lb>ſtantiam iri<lb></lb>dis à noſtris <lb></lb>pedibus de<lb></lb>præhenda <lb></lb>mus, & illius <lb></lb><expan abbr="quãtitatem">quantitatem</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003035"><margin.target id="marg353"></margin.target>Quomodo iris <lb></lb>maxima poſ<lb></lb>ſit videri. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003036"><expan abbr="Quãtum">Quantum</expan> ſu<lb></lb>pra <expan abbr="finitorẽ">finitorem</expan> <lb></lb>eleuari poſſit <lb></lb>iris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003037"><margin.target id="marg354"></margin.target>in <lb></lb>aqua ob ſpe<lb></lb>culum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003038"><margin.target id="marg355"></margin.target>Cur dum Sol <lb></lb>deliquum pa<lb></lb>titur, figura <lb></lb>per angulare <lb></lb>foramen ra<lb></lb>diorum <expan abbr="trã-ſeuntium">tran<lb></lb>ſeuntium</expan> na<lb></lb>uis formam <lb></lb>referat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003039"><margin.target id="marg356"></margin.target>Cur radij <lb></lb>per <expan abbr="inciſurã">inciſuram</expan> <lb></lb>angularem <lb></lb>tranſeuntes, <lb></lb>in ſubiectum <lb></lb>planum ro<lb></lb>tundam fi<lb></lb>guram effin<lb></lb>gant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003040">Sed cur dum Sol deliquium pati<lb></lb>tur, illius imago per angulare foramen <lb></lb>delata, nauis formam refert? </s> <s id="s.003041">Mira nunc <lb></lb>à me ratio radiorum eſt explicanda, ſed <lb></lb>ſenſim ob difficultatem: nam cur pri<lb></lb>mò radij per inciſuram angularem tran<lb></lb>ſeuntes, in ſubiectum planum rotundam <lb></lb>figuram, non rectam oſtendant, & eò <lb></lb>rotundiorem, quò magis procul eſt pla<lb></lb>num ab inciſura, demonſtrandum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003042">Cauſa huius eſt duplex, quæ ſuperiùs <lb></lb>eſt enarrata. </s> <s id="s.003043">Nam lineæ quæ priùs coi<lb></lb>bant, quantò longiùs procedunt, tan<lb></lb>tò æquidiſtantium magis naturæ appro<lb></lb>pinquant: quò fit, vt ab angulorum na<lb></lb>tura abſcedentes, rotundæ magis acce<lb></lb>dant. </s> <s id="s.003044">Hoc igitur iam in ſuperiore figu<lb></lb>ra demonſtrauimus: atque eò magis, <lb></lb>quòd radij à toto Sole, non ab vno <lb></lb>puncto prodeunt. </s> <s id="s.003045">Altera eſt, quòd cùm <lb></lb>figura quò magis abſcedit, eò magis au<lb></lb>getur: oculus verò obiecti illam partem <lb></lb>relinquit, quæ debilior eſt minima par<lb></lb>te rei, quam videre poteſt, vt iam ſup<lb></lb>poſuimus ab initio. </s> <s id="s.003046">Cùm rotundior pars, <lb></lb>& ampla, lumine ſuo angulos obum<lb></lb>bret, neceſſe eſt, vt partes tenuiorum <lb></lb>virium, id eſt, angulares, priùs mo<lb></lb>uere viſum deſinant mediis, in quas co<lb></lb>pioſus emittitur radius: igitur figuræ il<lb></lb>læ rotundæ apparebunt, & eò rotundio<lb></lb>res, quò magis non ſolum ab inciſura <lb></lb>ea, per quam radij tranſeunt illam con<lb></lb>ſtituentes abfuerint, ſed etiam ab ocu<lb></lb>lis intuentium. </s> <s id="s.003047">Hæc igitur cum ſint cla<lb></lb>riſſima, & vbi lumen ſub propria qua<lb></lb>ſi quantitate excipitur, ſi quid ſit inter<lb></lb>medium, cum vmbra defertur: imagi<lb></lb>ne igitur Solis quaſi ſub magnitudine <lb></lb>redacta, quà ſubiicitur oculis inciſuræ <lb></lb>beneficio, cum Luna interpoſita ſit cor<lb></lb>pus denſum atque opacum, neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>vmbram etiam Lunæ in figuræ videri. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003048">Sed Lunæ vmbra rotunda eſt, quia Lu<lb></lb>na ipſa eſt rotunda, & forma à qua ab<lb></lb>ſcinditur rotunda: igitur cum à rotundo <lb></lb>rotundum ex vna parte aufertur, relin<lb></lb>quatur nauiculæ ſeu vacuæ Lunæ imago, <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt in deliquiis formas, quæ in <lb></lb>planis deſcribuntur, à radiis per angula<lb></lb>res inciſuras tranſeuntibus, nec angula<lb></lb>res nec rotundas eſſe, ſed lunares, ſeu <lb></lb>ad nauiculæ formam factas. </s> <s id="s.003049">Verum opus <lb></lb>eſt diligenti conſpectu, quoniam cum <lb></lb>Luna ſit peruia, rotunda videbitur eiuſ<lb></lb>modi figura. </s> <s id="s.003050">Sed clarior par lunarem for<lb></lb>mam ( vt dixi ) repræſentat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003051">Hæc volui ſubiicere, quoniam hoc in <lb></lb>libro, vt præfatus ſum, nihil falſum, aut <lb></lb>dubium ſcribere volui. </s> <s id="s.003052">Quòd ſi cui ea, quæ <lb></lb>proponimus, non ſuccedant, ſeipſum igno<lb></lb>rantiæ, non me accuſet mendacij. </s> <s id="s.003053">Sed ad <lb></lb>rem regredior. </s> <s id="s.003054">Eiuſdem deliquij tempore <pb pagenum="424" xlink:href="016/01/073.jpg"></pb>crocea omnia videntur: multis etiam dolor <lb></lb>non leuis capitis contingit. </s> <s id="s.003055">Cauſa eſt, quod <lb></lb>lumen paucum eſt, & ob id croceum. </s> <s id="s.003056">Indi<lb></lb>cat hoc aurora, quæ & ipſa crocea eſt, vnde <lb></lb>illud Virgilij: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Tithoni croceum linquens Aurora cubile.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003057">Antiqui enim, Seruio teſte, ex Varronis <lb></lb>authoritate, diem à prima luce inchoabant: <lb></lb>quem & in quatuor partes diuidebant. </s> <s id="s.003058">Ha<lb></lb>rum prima erat manè, quæ & aurora, à <lb></lb>Manum, quod eſt bonum: ſic enim ſalutare <lb></lb>ſe antiqui ſolebant, tempeſtiuè ſurgentes: <lb></lb>inde ortum ab ortu. </s> <s id="s.003059">Solis ad quartam horam <lb></lb>vſque: quòd Sol perpetuò aſcendere vide<lb></lb>retur, appellabat: à quarta ad octauam vſ<lb></lb>que meridiem, quaſi Sol meridiaret: & vſ<lb></lb>que ad 22. occaſum, quòd deſcenderet, ac <lb></lb>tandem occultaretur. </s> <s id="s.003060">Vnde horæ hæ æqua<lb></lb>les erant, ſcilicet 12. pars diei à Solis ortu <lb></lb>ad occaſum. </s> <s id="s.003061">Nox verò in quinque, veſpe<lb></lb>ra, quæ & crepuſculum nocturnum, ſeu lux <lb></lb>dubia: conticinium cum obtenebraretur <lb></lb>aër: hoc ſe quieti tradebant: intempeſta, <lb></lb>quæ metas vigilantium excederet, & neque <lb></lb>ſurgentibus eſſet accommodata: erátque <lb></lb>tempus à 4. ad 8. horam inde gallicinium <lb></lb>ad 10. fermè, à qua ad auroram lucifer. </s> <s id="s.003062">Sed <lb></lb>vt ad propoſitum redeam, eadem ratione <lb></lb>in aëre fieri permutationem neceſſe eſt ma<lb></lb>gnam, ob quam quibus caput eſt imbecil<lb></lb>le, dolet. </s> <s id="s.003063">Verùm dices, nonne dum Sol ori<lb></lb>tur, parum etiam luminis ad nos peruenit <lb></lb>& dum occidit, & tamen illud candidum <lb></lb>eſt, ſicut & quod paruo foramine per fe<lb></lb>neſtram in obſcurum cubiculum ingreditur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003064">Sed cauſa huius eſt, quòd dum Sol oritur <arrow.to.target n="marg357"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aut occidit, parum temporis abſumit, ma<lb></lb>net autem diu in deliquio: quòd ſi quis <lb></lb>primos radios orientis aut vltimos occiden<lb></lb>tis Solis, qui non ex centro veniunt, tum <lb></lb>maximè procul inſpiciat, croceos abſque <lb></lb>dubio illos eſſe videbit. </s> <s id="s.003065">Ex his igitur duo <lb></lb>perſpicua ſunt: Solem vndequaque non ex <lb></lb>ſolo centro radios emittere: & tamen ra<lb></lb>dios, qui ex centro emittuntur, eſſe vali<lb></lb>diores: quod etſi non fatearis, modò pri<lb></lb>mum concedas, nihil ad res demonſtrandas <lb></lb>detrimenti afferet. </s> <s id="s.003066">Verùm (vt dixi ) ex toto <lb></lb>Sole tanquam ex igne vndequaque radios <lb></lb>prodire claret, quoniam deliquij tempore <lb></lb>pars, quæ centro oppoſita eſt occupatur à <lb></lb>Luna, & tamen aër, & parietes illumi<lb></lb>nantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003067"><margin.target id="marg357"></margin.target>Solem totum <lb></lb>& vnde<lb></lb>quaque ra<lb></lb>dios emitte<lb></lb>re.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.073.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/073/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.003068"><emph type="italics"></emph>Speculum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg358"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003069"><margin.target id="marg358"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>ſpeculum <lb></lb>concauum <lb></lb>omnes radios <lb></lb>in vnum <lb></lb>colligat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003070">Eſt etiàm ratio ſpeculi concaui hoc <lb></lb>oſtendens, quoniam non aliter in vnum <lb></lb>punctum coire poſſent omnes radij, niſi à <lb></lb>toto Sole procederent. </s> <s id="s.003071">Finge tu ex centro <lb></lb>Solis ſolum illuſtrari ſpeculum, profectò <lb></lb>ſolus radius vnus in ſpeculi centrum reddi<lb></lb>bit. </s> <s id="s.003072">Vnde ergo fit, vt in centro ſpeculi con<lb></lb>caui ignis ſemper accendatur, & omnes ex <lb></lb>Sole radij coëant: hoc enim Euclides rectè <lb></lb>demonſtrauit in ſuis ſpecularibus. </s> <s id="s.003073">Nam ex <lb></lb>ABCDE in F centrum omnes radij inter K <lb></lb>& L reflectuntur, non ex vno tantùm cir<lb></lb>culo, vnde in F ignis accenditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003074">Sed meritò dubitabis: primò, cur radij, qui <arrow.to.target n="marg359"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in ſeipſos reflectuntur, hi autem ſoli ſunt <lb></lb>perpendiculares, validi ſint? </s> <s id="s.003075">Cauſa eſt mani<lb></lb>feſta: qui enim reflectitur à perpendiculo, in <lb></lb>ſeipſum redit, vt ex E in F, ex K, quare con<lb></lb>duplicatur radius ſecundum longitudinem <lb></lb>totus: qui autem ex alio puncto in EK re<lb></lb>flectitur, illum ſecat, & abit: at qui ſecat, in <lb></lb>puncto ſecat, igitur nullum præbet vim. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003076">Nam punctus cum careat quantitate, caret <lb></lb>& viribus: igitur etſi infiniti radij per eun<lb></lb>dem punctum reflectantur, nihilo ſunt ro<lb></lb>buſtiores. </s> <s id="s.003077">Nam quod eſt nihilum, quantum<lb></lb>uis ingemines, nihil producit: igitur radiis, <lb></lb>qui non reflectuntur à perpendiculo, nulla <lb></lb>prorſus eſt vis, vt ſecent. </s> <s id="s.003078">Proximis tamen <lb></lb>ac proximioribus eò maior eſt vis, quoniam <lb></lb>radius radio proximus eſt, non quia ſecet in <lb></lb>puncto: nam ſectio nihil refert, cùm (vt di<lb></lb>xi) in indiuiſibili fiat, ſed propinquitas: nam <lb></lb>iuxta longitudinem, diu & magno ſpacio, <lb></lb>ſi radius radio hæret, vtriuſque vis in vnum <lb></lb>coit, ac quaſi ingeminatur. </s> <s id="s.003079">Quaſi dixi, <lb></lb>quoniam ſolus a perpendiculo cùm in ſe re<lb></lb>deat, etiam ſolus vim ſuam exquiſitè du<lb></lb>plicat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003080"><margin.target id="marg359"></margin.target>Propoſitio <lb></lb>vltima, cur <lb></lb>radij perpen<lb></lb>diculares <lb></lb>ſoli ſint va<lb></lb>lidi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003081">Altera dubitatio erat, ſi ſpeculum ſit ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg360"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gnum ex parte KG, reflexi radij cur non il<lb></lb>luminant circumſtantes partes circa F, vt <lb></lb>ſaltem claritas reddatur, verùm omnes hi <lb></lb>radij infra F reflectuntur? </s> <s id="s.003082">Nam ſi ducatur <lb></lb>radius ex E in G, angulus F G K maior eſt <lb></lb>recto in angulo F G E, igitur reflectetur <lb></lb>infra FG per angulum FGE: quare quantò <lb></lb>maius eſt ſpeculum, & maior etiam ſuæ <lb></lb>ſphæræ portio, eò magis atque celeriùs ac<lb></lb>cendit. </s> <s id="s.003083">Huius tamen generis ſpeculum non <lb></lb>procul ignem accendere poteſt, cum ſemper <lb></lb>in centro radij cogantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003084"><margin.target id="marg360"></margin.target>Speculum <lb></lb>concauum <lb></lb>quò maius, <lb></lb>eò faciliùs <lb></lb>accendit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003085">Supereſt tertia dubitatio non leuis. </s> <s id="s.003086">Quo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg361"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>niam radij, qui ex parte E C à puncto <lb></lb>K reflectuntur, vt ex K procedens à <lb></lb>puncto D verſus H reflectetur, & ſaltem <lb></lb>illuminabit partes iuxta F, contra experi<lb></lb>mentum. </s> <s id="s.003087">Euidens eſt hoc magis in radiis <lb></lb>ex B & C in K deductis. </s> <s id="s.003088">Cauſa huius eſt, <lb></lb>quod ſparguntur, nullúſque eſt perpendicu<lb></lb>laris radius, luménque in F ingens obſuſcat <lb></lb>proximas partes: debilior enim eſt radius <lb></lb>ex concauo ſpeculo reflexus, quàm ex <lb></lb>plano, qui labitur, ſi non ſit perpendicu<lb></lb>laris. </s> <s id="s.003089">Cauſæ igitur roboris radiorum ſunt, <lb></lb>per ſe coitio à perpendiculari, vt in ca<lb></lb>uis ſpeculis. </s> <s id="s.003090">Proxima huic eſt reflexio à <lb></lb>perpendiculari abſque coitione, vt in pla<lb></lb>nis ſpeculis directè Soli expoſitis. </s> <s id="s.003091">Tertia ſuc<lb></lb>cedit, reflexio non à perpendiculari, ſed <pb pagenum="425" xlink:href="016/01/074.jpg"></pb>tamen ad angulos æquales, vt à plano ſpe<lb></lb>culo non directè Soli expoſito: nam nec <lb></lb>hanc oculus ſuſtinet. </s> <s id="s.003092">Quarta reddit imagi<lb></lb>nem ſed ſuſtineri poteſt, cùm radij ad æqua<lb></lb>lem angulum reflectuntur, ſed ſparguntur <lb></lb>vt in cauis ſpeculis extra pyramidem vtram<lb></lb>que, & quæ à centro ſpeculi ad ſpeculum, <lb></lb>& à centro ſpeculi ad rem viſam: vt ex<lb></lb>tra pyramidem FKL, & FAC. </s> <s id="s.003093">Quinta eſt, <lb></lb>cùm à corpore non polito reflectuntur ra<lb></lb>dij, ad viſum inutiles: non ad calorem: <lb></lb>nam & hi perpendiculares ( vt dixi) reflexi <lb></lb>ingeminant caliditatem propter coitionem <lb></lb>ſed imaginem haud reddunt. </s> <s id="s.003094">Cauſæ autem <lb></lb>roboris radiorum per accidens dicuntur, <lb></lb>magnitudo & propinquitas lucidi, & quòd <lb></lb>radius ille ex centro lucidi proficiſcatur: tum <lb></lb>ſynceritas medij, & radiorum ipſorum. </s> <s id="s.003095">His <lb></lb>cauſis accidit, vt lumen aliud alio euadat <lb></lb>validius: vnde reflexionem ſolarium radio<lb></lb>rum ex Luna & ſyderibus ob diſtantiam <lb></lb>quanquam puriorem toleramus, à cryſtal<lb></lb>lo, & aqua oculis ferre non poſſumus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003096"><margin.target id="marg361"></margin.target>Cur ſpecula <lb></lb>caua, cum <lb></lb>vbique <expan abbr="refle-ctãt">refle<lb></lb>ctant</expan> radios, <lb></lb>non tamen <lb></lb>vbique red<lb></lb>dunt imagi<lb></lb>nem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003097">Cauſæ robo<lb></lb>ris radio<lb></lb>rum per ſe, <lb></lb>& per acci<lb></lb>dens.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003098">Verùm cùm duo videantur eſſe modi ac<lb></lb>cendendi ignem ex ſpeculo: primus, vt om<lb></lb>nes radij in centrum ſpeculi incidentes col<lb></lb>ligantur in vno puncto per reflexionem, <lb></lb>qui fit ( vt dictum eſt ) cum cauo ſpeculo <lb></lb>ſphærico. </s> <s id="s.003099">Secundus eſt, vt omnes æquidi<lb></lb>ſtantes colligantur, qui è ſole prodeunt, in <lb></lb>punctum vnum, qui etiam fit parabole: ex<lb></lb>tare de hoc libros Archimedis, vbi docet <lb></lb>comburentia ſpecula parabole conſtare, <lb></lb>Franciſcum Maurolycum Meſſanenſem ſcri<lb></lb>pſiſſe, apud Conradum Geſnerum inuenio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003100">Res autem ſic ſe habet. </s> <s id="s.003101">Cùm ſuperficies <lb></lb>conum rectum ſecat, & ſuperficiei deme<lb></lb>tiens æquidiſtat lateri trigoni inſcripti ſu<lb></lb>perficiei conum per axem ex vertice ſecantis <lb></lb>ſuperficies illa parabole dicitur, quæ ſit <lb></lb>A B C. </s> <s id="s.003102">Cuius rectà à vertice B diuidens <lb></lb>AC rectam ſubiectam æquis lateribus, cur<lb></lb>uis BA & BC, vocetur <expan abbr="dimetiẽs">dimetiens</expan> BD. AC au<lb></lb>tem diameter, baſis coni K, medium B D: <lb></lb>dico HKL talem ſemper habere portionem <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.074.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/074/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ad perpendicularem quamcunque ex latere <lb></lb>ſuper dimetiens venientem, qualis eſt ip<lb></lb>ſius perpendicularis ad partem dimetientis <lb></lb>inter verticem, & perpendicularem inter<lb></lb>ceptam. </s> <s id="s.003103">Velut ſit perpendicularis F G, ta<lb></lb>lem habebit igitur H L proportionem ad <lb></lb>GF qualis FG ad GF, & vocabitur tunc HL <lb></lb>latus rectum, & omnes æquidiſtantes BD, <lb></lb>ſeu radij reflectentur in K. </s> <s id="s.003104">Eſt verò HL ſem<lb></lb>per quadrupla BK. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg362"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003105"><margin.target id="marg362"></margin.target>De ſpeculo, <lb></lb>quod combu<lb></lb>rit naues <lb></lb>procul ve<lb></lb>nientes 3.de <lb></lb>emperamen<lb></lb>tis, cap.3.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003106">Sed ſi propoſitum ſit facere ſpeculum, <lb></lb>quod procul comburat, qualem feciſſe Ga<lb></lb>lenus narrat Archimedem, qui hoſtium <lb></lb>triremes deuſſerit: manifeſtum eſt ſpecula <lb></lb>ſeu à parabole ſumpta fuerint, ſeu à circu<lb></lb>lo ac ſphæra, maxima eſſe oportere, id <lb></lb>eſt, proportiones maximarum ſphærarum, <lb></lb>aut conorum maximorum, parabolis par<lb></lb>tem non tamen maximam. </s> <s id="s.003107">Velut ſi ad mil<lb></lb>le paſſus extendere ignem libeat, circulum <lb></lb>deſcribemus, cuius dimetiens ſit duo millia <lb></lb>paſſuum, huius tantam aſſumemus portio<lb></lb>nem, vt rotunditas non lateat, partem ſci<lb></lb>licet ſexageſimam, cui dimetientem pro al<lb></lb>titudine in termino vno adiiciemus, & di<lb></lb>metiente fixo circumagemus circuli par<lb></lb>tem, quæ nobis portionem ſphæræ deſcri<lb></lb>bet: quam cùm expoliuerimus, ignem Soli <lb></lb>expoſita procul & validiſſimum ad paſſus <lb></lb>M. accendet, Nunc autem non adeò vtilis, ob <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.074.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/074/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.074.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/074/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>bellicas machinas: olim verò tutiſſima. </s> <s id="s.003108">Quæ <lb></lb>verò à parabole procedit, conflagratio <lb></lb>potentior eſt. </s> <s id="s.003109">Ea autem ſic fit. </s> <s id="s.003110">Sit locus <lb></lb>qui comburi debet mille paſſibus diſtans. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003111">Facio B K paſſuum mille, cui rectam co<lb></lb>æqualem adiicio K D, ipſi autem B D <lb></lb>æqualem ad perpendiculum facio A B, & <lb></lb>ex altera parte B C æqualem B A, & du<lb></lb>ctis D A & D C, facio D centrum ba<lb></lb>ſis coni, & A D axem, nam angulus ADC <lb></lb>rectus eſt, & circumuoluo AC, vt fiat co<lb></lb>nus, & deſcribetur circulus à linea D C <lb></lb>tanquam ſemidiametro pro coni baſi, hunc <lb></lb>diuido duabus diametris ad rectos angu<lb></lb>los ſe ſecantibus C E & F G in centro D. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003112">Erit etiam vt B punctus circumferentiam <lb></lb>circuli deſcribat circa conum quæ ſit H B. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003113">Duco igitur à vertice coni rectam ad ex<lb></lb>tremitatem vnius diametri baſis, puta ad <lb></lb>C, & vbi ſecat circuli peripheriam, vt <lb></lb>in B, ex illo puncto duco lineas rectas <lb></lb>ad extremitates alterius diametri B F, & <lb></lb>B C: ſuperficies igitur in qua eſt tri<lb></lb>gonus B F C, vbi ſecat ſuperficiem co<lb></lb>ni, facit duas obliquas lineas B F & B G, <lb></lb>quas ex chalybe optimo, ne flectantur, fieri <lb></lb>oportet, aſſumpta tantùm parte, puta BL & <lb></lb>BM æqualibus quæ ſunt latera paraboles. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003114">Inde aſſumes molem ex gypſo N maiorem <pb pagenum="426" xlink:href="016/01/075.jpg"></pb>latitudine L B M in vertice, quam ſenſim <lb></lb>cotibus atteres, donec impoſita parabole <lb></lb>LBM circumuerſáque vndique tangat, ſiné<lb></lb>que impedimento circumuertatur. </s> <s id="s.003115">Quod <lb></lb>cùm effeceris, huic moli vitrum candens <lb></lb>aptabis, efficiéſque parabolem, quæ à tergo <lb></lb>ſuperaſperſo plumbo radios omnes à Sole <lb></lb>æquidiſtantes, qui omnium ſunt robuſtiſſi<lb></lb>mi, in punctum K, id eſt, paſſibus mille <lb></lb>diſtantem reflectent, comburéntque ſtatim. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003116">Hæc autem ab Archimede planè demon<lb></lb>ſtrata ſunt, vt Antonius Gogaua ad nos <lb></lb>tranſtulit. <arrow.to.target n="marg363"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003117"><margin.target id="marg363"></margin.target>Speculum <lb></lb>quod occul<lb></lb>ta reualet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003118">Verùm poſtquam de ſpeculis res prodi<lb></lb>gioſas narrare aggreſſus ſum, ſpeculi quo <lb></lb>occulta videamus, compoſitionem docere <lb></lb>propoſui. </s> <s id="s.003119">Plana igitur duo ſpecula ex cry<lb></lb>ſtallo factitia, qualia Venetiis fiunt, quia <lb></lb>non adeò vt chalybea vitiantur, æqualia ad <lb></lb>vnguem iunge, ita vt alterius longitudini <lb></lb>reliqui ad amuſſim hæreat, & vt circa axem <lb></lb>poſſit, velut integumentum circumuolui, <lb></lb>ſic vt ſuperficies vnius cum alterius ſuper<lb></lb>ficie quandoque vnum planum efficiat: <lb></lb>quandoque ſolidum, rectum, obtuſum acu<lb></lb>túmque, vt libuerit. </s> <s id="s.003120">Tunc in ſublimi ſpecu<lb></lb>lum immobile è directo loci latentis ſuſpen<lb></lb>des, ita vt ſpeculi facies plano tuo ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum immineat, ſpeculi autem mobi<lb></lb>lis facies longitudinem loco quem deſide<lb></lb>ras oppoſitam habeat, tunc quicquid gere<lb></lb>tur in cubiculo illo modò lux adſit, circum<lb></lb>uoluto mobili ſpeculo, donec æqualem an<lb></lb>gulum faciat, quod oculus tibi declarabit, <lb></lb>dum quod quæris vides, ſpectabis omnia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003121">Quòd ſi locus quem videre deſideras ſubli<lb></lb>mior ſit, quàm ille, in quo es, editiore loco <lb></lb>ſuſpende. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003122">Eadem ratione ſi velis quod procul fit, <lb></lb>quinque M. paſſuum videre, & interiectis <lb></lb>muris, aut in hoſtili ciuitate, edito loco <lb></lb>ſpeculum ad perpendiculum ſeu finitori <lb></lb>æquidiſtans quàm maximum ſuſpende, aliud <lb></lb>verò in manu habens, cuius facies reſpi<lb></lb>ciat <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> non prorſus ſupina, neque ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum exquiſitè erecta) ſpeculum quod <lb></lb>ſuperius collocaſti, ſenſim te è directo pri<lb></lb>mi ſpeculi elongabis, paulatimque ac alter<lb></lb>natim, modò dextra, modò ſiniſtra infle<lb></lb>ctens, donec locum plenè conſpicias in <lb></lb>ſpeculo tuo, tunc illud vix mouens à ſitu, vi<lb></lb>debis quæcunque illic aguntur & fiunt: & <lb></lb>quanquam nullum aliud ſit huius rei impe<lb></lb>dimentum quàm machinarum ( vt dixi) ig<lb></lb>nearum, nihilominus paucis ex vſu eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt, quòd res magna tam exigua ſpecie ex<lb></lb>preſſa, non niſi acutiſſimo viſu deprehendi <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003123">Quòd ſi libeat ſpectare ea, quæ in via <lb></lb>fiunt, Sole ſplendente in feneſtra orbem è <lb></lb>vitro collocabis, inde occluſa feneſtra vide<lb></lb>bis imagines per foramen tranſlatas in op<lb></lb>poſito plano ſed tum obſcuris coloribus, ſub<lb></lb>iicies igitur candidiſſimam chartam eo loco <lb></lb>quo imagines vides, & intentam rem mira <arrow.to.target n="marg364"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ratione aſſequêris. </s> <s id="s.003124">Duplices facies & qua<lb></lb>ternos oculos, & ternos, & teipſum mono<lb></lb>culum, & auerſam effigiem, atque alia mira <lb></lb>innumera cauum ſpeculum oſtendet, non <lb></lb>ſolùm ſphæricum, ſed & conicum ac cylin<lb></lb>dricum. </s> <s id="s.003125">Hoc tamen vltimum longè etiam <lb></lb>maiora repræſentabit, velut quaternas fa<lb></lb>cies, oblongam etiam atque ſtrictiſſimam, <lb></lb>& modò perbreuem atque latiſſimam. </s> <s id="s.003126">Quid <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg365"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tandem? </s> <s id="s.003127">omnia fermè præterquam veram, <lb></lb>more hominum huius ætatis, qui omnia <lb></lb>nouerunt magis quàm benefacere, aut vera <lb></lb>dicere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003128"><margin.target id="marg364"></margin.target>Modus vi<lb></lb>dendi loca <lb></lb>cum ſuis co<lb></lb>loribus oc<lb></lb>culta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003129"><margin.target id="marg365"></margin.target>Specula va<lb></lb>rias res re<lb></lb>præſentan<lb></lb>tia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003130">Sunt & ſpecula quæ multas facies oſten<lb></lb>dunt, vt quæ è planis multis conſtant. </s> <s id="s.003131">Sed <lb></lb>hæc notiſſima: illa admiratione digna, quæ <lb></lb>vnica ſuperficie plures reddunt imagines. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003132">Erat mihi ſpeculum quadratum è vitro pla<lb></lb>num, quod vtramque aurem geminatam re<lb></lb>ferebat, quaſi ſecunda primæ eſſet imago: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg366"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>erat & remotior. </s> <s id="s.003133">Id effecit vt crederem, ſpe<lb></lb>culum fuiſſe in Hiſpania, & ipſum planum <lb></lb>quod duplicem referret imaginem faciei al<lb></lb>teram atque propinquiorem ſimillimam ve<lb></lb>ræ, reliquam quaſi mortui: nam eadem ra<lb></lb>tio in vtriſque. </s> <s id="s.003134">Demonſtremus autem cau<lb></lb>ſam huius, vt rem ſciamus, & conficere do<lb></lb>ceamus. </s> <s id="s.003135">Nam qui vident talia, perterren<lb></lb>tur non ſolùm miraculo rei, ſed etiam ima<lb></lb>gine ipſa. </s> <s id="s.003136">Nam & aures illæ poſteriores pal<lb></lb>lidæ admodum videbantur. </s> <s id="s.003137">Quia igitur pal<lb></lb>lidiores hæ figuræ & minus efficaces ac <lb></lb>conſpicuæ, ac ſimiles primis imaginibus, <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt quòd velut in iride duplici, <lb></lb>poſterior ex priore fit. </s> <s id="s.003138">Sed ex quo reflexio? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003139">Videtur etiam non ſemper duplex iris, nec <lb></lb>niſi in paucis ſpeculis duplices imagines. </s> <s id="s.003140">Sit <lb></lb>igitur oculus A, quod videtur B, ſpeculum <lb></lb>C, conuerſus ad angulos æquales in C pun<lb></lb>cto, concurſus cum recta ex B ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum ſupra ſpeculum in D, vbi videbi<lb></lb>tur & B. </s> <s id="s.003141">Cùm igitur inclinantur B & A <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.075.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/075/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>valde, quia ABC parum diſtat à ſpeculi ſu<lb></lb>perficie, refrangitur ex C, quia non ad vn<lb></lb>guem planum eſt ſpeculum, in E. </s> <s id="s.003142">Altius igi<lb></lb>tur E quàm C, igitur F videbitur ſupra D. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003143">Quòd verò altius videtur & ſub æquali an<lb></lb>gulo, etiam longius eſſe exiſtimatur: quare <lb></lb>F poſt D etiam eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.003144">Id verò Scaliger <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg367"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fieri poſſe affirmat, ſi ſplendido ſpeculo, è <lb></lb>chalybe clariſſimum vitrum ſuperinducatur <lb></lb>vt ex eodem opaco, gemina fiat reflexio: at<lb></lb>que ideò etiam gemina imago, vt de duplici <lb></lb>vmbra diximus. </s> <s id="s.003145">Verùm ſuperficiem à ſuper<lb></lb>ficie ſeparatam oportet inclinari. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003146"><margin.target id="marg366"></margin.target>Specula pla<lb></lb>na plures <lb></lb><expan abbr="repræſentã-tia">repræſentan<lb></lb>tia</expan> imagi<lb></lb>nes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003147"><margin.target id="marg367"></margin.target>Specula <lb></lb>imagines mi<lb></lb>ro modo in <lb></lb>aëre repræ<lb></lb>ſentantia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003148">Sunt & alia quæ ignem accendunt, quòd <lb></lb>è multis conſtent circulis, ac denique com<lb></lb>poſitorum infinita monſtra, quæ referre eſt <lb></lb>ſuperuacuum, illa nunc oſtendamus, quæ <lb></lb>in aëre imagines repræſentant. </s> <s id="s.003149">Superius <lb></lb>caua retulimus, ſunt & conuexa ſphærica, <pb pagenum="427" xlink:href="016/01/076.jpg"></pb>ſed exquiſitiſſima cylyndrica connexa. </s> <s id="s.003150">Con<lb></lb>ſeruatur rima feneſtræ è directo alicuius ta<lb></lb>bulæ pictæ, ſic vt è loco quopiam cubiculi <lb></lb>per rimam poſſit inſpici, eo verò in loco cy<lb></lb>lindricum ſpeculum conuexum ſtatuatur ſu<lb></lb>per tripodem ad planum perpendiculare: in<lb></lb>de oculum ſic colloca, vt è ſpeculo videre <lb></lb>poſſis tabulam quam extrà poſuiſti: eam <lb></lb>igitur imaginem vt in aere pendentem <lb></lb>videbis inter ſpeculum atque feneſtræ ri<lb></lb>mam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003151">Quod ad formam autem attinet: caua ma<lb></lb>iores oſtendunt rerum imagines, rotunda <lb></lb>multò minore, plana æqualia paulò, iuxta <lb></lb>verò magnitudinem & ſitum magna maio<lb></lb>res, & prope parua autem procul. </s> <s id="s.003152">Ergo ro<lb></lb>tunda prope ſimilia ſunt paruis planis, quo<lb></lb>niam reflexio exigua ex portione in eis fit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003153">Concurſus etiam radiorum cum ea, quæ ad <lb></lb>centrum tendit propinquior eſt, quapropter <lb></lb>baſis minor. </s> <s id="s.003154">Procul ergo grandeſcunt, etiam <lb></lb>vltra ipſius rei viſæ magnitudinem. </s> <s id="s.003155">Simili<lb></lb>ter & ob rei ſitum obliquum ſpeculi com<lb></lb>paratione, vt in ſecundo optices pater meus <lb></lb>adnotauit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg368"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003156"><margin.target id="marg368"></margin.target><expan abbr="ſpeculũ">ſpeculum</expan> quod <lb></lb>repræſentat <lb></lb>homines vo<lb></lb>lantes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003157">Quòd ſi homines volantes videri in ſpe<lb></lb>culo libeat, vt volare videantur, quatuor ſunt <lb></lb>neceſſaria, vt moueantur, vt brachia agitent: <lb></lb>hæc duo præſtabit homo, quem volantem <lb></lb>videre deſideras, ſeu ipſius fueris, ſeu alij <lb></lb>ſint, quanquam & motum aſſimilare poſſis <lb></lb>ſpeculi motu, ſed non leue eſt hoc incommo<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.003158">Tertium eſt, vt in ſublimi pendeat, ne <lb></lb>terræ hærere videantur: quartum, vt pedes <lb></lb>velut in volantibus auibus cum capite & <lb></lb>brachiis æquidiſtent pauimento: hæc igi<lb></lb>tur duo ſpeculum præſtabit pulcherrimè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003159">Duo igitur tigna æqualia ad angulum re<lb></lb>ctum iuncta, vt rectus angulus in ſublimi <lb></lb>ſit, ac leuia, modum gnominis compones: <lb></lb>iuxta angulum intus duo magna ſpecula pla<lb></lb>na ex aduerſo æquali altitudine conſtitues, <lb></lb>quæ pendula eſſe ſatis intelligis. </s> <s id="s.003160">Cùm ita<lb></lb>que ab his tantùm abſcedis, vt in altero cal<lb></lb>caneum ad vnguem aſſequaris, ex motu ſe<lb></lb>cundum rectam lineam, & brachiorum ia<lb></lb>ctatione, volantem inſpicere videberis. <arrow.to.target n="marg369"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003161"><margin.target id="marg369"></margin.target>Vt imaginem <lb></lb>tuam ſimul <lb></lb>accedentem <lb></lb>& receden<lb></lb>tem videas.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003162">Eiſdem rationibus quas diximus, ſi ſpecu<lb></lb>la duo ſe contangentia, atque in vna ſuper<lb></lb>ficie plana, ita collocaueris, vt altero ad te <lb></lb>accedente, reliquam abſcedat: quod fiet ſi ſu<lb></lb>per ttabe rectè, & ad perpendiculum collo<lb></lb>catis, vinculum quod inuolutum ſit ſenſim <lb></lb>explicetur: videbis imaginem tuam acceden<lb></lb>tem in altero, in reliquo retrocedentem. <arrow.to.target n="marg370"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Quòd ſi dorſum tuum videre velis, ſpeculis <lb></lb>duobus plane id commodè aſſequêris, quæ <lb></lb>quantò maiori fuerint, eò erunt etiam me<lb></lb>liora. </s> <s id="s.003163">Primùm retrò collocabis medio ſitu <lb></lb>inter ſupinum & erectum, alterum, ſublimio<lb></lb>re loco quàm tu ſis, medio ſitu inter pronum <lb></lb>& erectum ante oculos tuos, optiméque <lb></lb>quæcunque in tergo habes videre poteris. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003164">Memineris etiam ſi (gratia exempli annu<lb></lb>lum ex aduerſo ſpeculo collocaueris, annu<lb></lb>lus verò & ipſe ſpeculum ſit, velut incluſo <lb></lb>ſaphiro, videbis in ſpeculo imaginem annu<lb></lb>li, in cuius gemma imago tua apparebit: hoc <lb></lb>autem ex multiplici reflectione continget. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003165">Idem in duobus continget ſpeculis, & mul<lb></lb>tò maiore miraculo in tribus. </s> <s id="s.003166">At ſi profun<lb></lb>da obſcuráque, vt vterum, gulam, cubiculum <lb></lb>tenebroſum videre propoſitum ſit, ampho<lb></lb>ram magnam aqua plenam vitream colloca <lb></lb>è directo loci, & lumen poſt amphoram, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg371"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>amphora media ſit in recta linea inter lu<lb></lb>men ac locum quem videre deſideras: inde <lb></lb>omni alio ſublato lumine, oculum tuum col<lb></lb>loca vbi amphoræ lumen non impedias, lo<lb></lb>cum tamen inſpicere poſſis, videbíſque cun<lb></lb>cta vt in luce clara. </s> <s id="s.003167">Quòd ſi ſub faſtigio do<lb></lb>mus loca tuto illuminare velis, nec à parie<lb></lb>tibus excipere lumen ipſum liceat, implu<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.076.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/076/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>uium in tecto è regione oculi conſtitue, & <lb></lb>locum clatrata obducito, tectúmque ipſum <lb></lb>accliue vſque ad medium tegminis impluuij <lb></lb>deducito: ita neque fur, neque imber ingre<lb></lb>di poterit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003168"><margin.target id="marg370"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>dorſum tuum <lb></lb>ſpectare poſ<lb></lb>ſis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003169"><margin.target id="marg371"></margin.target>Quæ contin<lb></lb>gant ex duo<lb></lb>bus ſpeculis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003170">Quomodo <lb></lb><expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan> & gu<lb></lb>lam vide<lb></lb>mus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003171">Sunt & qui ſpecula finxerunt tot facies <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg372"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quot horæ diei ſunt oſtendentia, cuius rei <lb></lb>teſtis eſt Ptolemæus. </s> <s id="s.003172">Sed & pars imaginis <lb></lb>partem cuiuſque horæ declarabat. </s> <s id="s.003173">Sit igitur <lb></lb>quadrilaterum, rectangulum, tertia parte <lb></lb>longius quàm latum, diuiſum autem in duo<lb></lb>decim quadrata æqualia ABCDEFGHK <lb></lb>LM & N: conſtituatur <lb></lb>ſpeculum iuxta eandem <lb></lb>rationem diuiſum toti<lb></lb>dem interuallis, atque <lb></lb>ſuper eo velamen altius <lb></lb>in A quàm B, & in B <lb></lb>quàm C, & in C quam <lb></lb>D, ita vt D ſpeculum <lb></lb>tangat. </s> <s id="s.003174">Eadem ſit pro<lb></lb>portio E ad F, & K ad L, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.076.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/076/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quæ A ad B, & F ad G, & L ad M, quæ B ad <lb></lb>C, atque G ad H, & M ad N, quæ eſt C ad <lb></lb>D. </s> <s id="s.003175">Sint verò velaminis partes ita diſtinctæ, <lb></lb>vt altiores poſſint ſenſim transferri ſuper <lb></lb>humiliores, ita vt primò ex A in B, inde <lb></lb>vtraque velaminis pars ex B in C, inde par<lb></lb>tes omnes in D: quò fit vt cùm grauius fiat <lb></lb>pondus, eò breuiore rota circumferatur, vt <lb></lb>tempora tranſlationum fiant æqualia. </s> <s id="s.003176">Ad<lb></lb>dantur igitur horologiorum rotæ ſingulis <lb></lb>tetramorphis, vt ſint tres rotæ, atque in ſin<lb></lb>gulis diſcrimina æquationum, velut in Pla<lb></lb>netis, vt motus ſit eò velocior propter ro<lb></lb>tam breuiorem, quò pondus magis augetur: <lb></lb>ita fiet vt cùm poſt primam tetramorphim <lb></lb>ſecunda, inde tertia detegatur, atque in ſin<lb></lb>gulis facies ſingulæ, vt pro horarum nume<lb></lb>ro ac partium, facies ac partes facierum in <lb></lb>ſpeculo videantur. </s> <s id="s.003177">Hæc autem omnia facilè <lb></lb>in horologiis horarum inæqualium, quibus <lb></lb>Romani vtebantur, perſpiciuntur. </s> <s id="s.003178">Cùm <lb></lb>enim rota quæ voluitur, axem habuerit ſu<lb></lb>per quo mouetur extra centrum eius, tanto <lb></lb>celerius mouebitur in parte propinqua axi, <lb></lb>quò axis ab eadem parte à centro rotæ ma<lb></lb>gis remouebitur. <pb pagenum="428" xlink:href="016/01/077.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg373"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003179"><margin.target id="marg372"></margin.target><expan abbr="Speculũ">Speculum</expan> nu<lb></lb>mero <expan abbr="facierũ">facierum</expan> <lb></lb>horas oſten<lb></lb>dens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003180"><margin.target id="marg373"></margin.target>De cryſtalli<lb></lb>no priſmate <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003181">Cryſtalli priſma verò, multas ſpeculorum <lb></lb>vires habet, vt quod multas formas referat, <lb></lb>tum etiam auerſas capitibus in imo & pe<lb></lb>dibus ſuprà, vt caua ſpecula, & tum mono<lb></lb>culos, & quatuor oculis. </s> <s id="s.003182">In eo etiam colores, <lb></lb>maximè dum aduerſus Solem ſecundum lon<lb></lb>gitudinem collocatur, pulcherrimos & ini<lb></lb>mitabiles apparent: verùm oculis applica<lb></lb>tum, tum maximè vbi arbores ſint & prata, <lb></lb>pulchritudinem cœleſtem refert, coronas, <lb></lb>irides, tapeta vbique ſparſa, colores ſplen<lb></lb>didiſſimos, roſeos, candidos, virides, puni<lb></lb>ceos, cœruleos, aureos, miſtóſque omnes, ac <lb></lb>gratiſſimi aſpectus: aliam in ſublimi atque <lb></lb>auerſam effigiem rerum oſtendit, quaſi pla<lb></lb>nis in montes aſſurgentibus. </s> <s id="s.003183">Finitorem <lb></lb>etiam, ac regiones fingit, cùm diſtantia ma<lb></lb>xima atque iucundi viſus, vt illum non labe<lb></lb>factet, ſed recreet. </s> <s id="s.003184">Oportet autem ma<lb></lb>gnum eſſe priſma, puriſſimúmque cry<lb></lb>ſtallum. <arrow.to.target n="marg374"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003185"><margin.target id="marg374"></margin.target>Cur vna res <lb></lb>duæ <expan abbr="videã-tur">videan<lb></lb>tur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003186">At verò vt iam ſpeculis relictis & cry<lb></lb>ſtallo, ſinceri viſus aliquas falſas imagines <lb></lb>referam, ſcilicet quomodo res vna duæ vi<lb></lb>deri poſſint, tempus eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.003187">Contingit <lb></lb>autem hoc, quia viſus ſic rectè videt, vt ra<lb></lb>dij in pupillam cadant orthogonij, ſeu dicas <lb></lb>perpendiculares, & quaſi rectà in coniun<lb></lb>ctionem neruorum ferantur. </s> <s id="s.003188">Cùm igitur <lb></lb>obliquantur oculi, vt nerui ſurſum ac deor<lb></lb>ſum deprimantur, vna res duæ videbuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003189">Et generaliter quæcunque loco, forma, ma<lb></lb>gnitudine, aut colore diſtincta videbuntur, <lb></lb>duo apparebunt, etſi ſit vnum. </s> <s id="s.003190">Hoc autem <lb></lb>contingit, ſeu loco alter oculorum dimouea<lb></lb>tur, ſeu diuerſis mediis videamus: velut ſi <lb></lb>oculorum alteri conſpicilium obiiciatur, re<lb></lb>liquo per purum vidente aërem: vel ſi res in <lb></lb>aqua partim ſit, partim in aëre, nam fracta <lb></lb>vel duæ iudicantur: vel ſi inter oculos me<lb></lb>dium ſit obiectum, quod rem vnam videri <lb></lb>prohibeat, quæ ſi vel non rectè ad oculorum <lb></lb>poſita ſit, ſitum quaſi illis æquidiſtans, aut <lb></lb>colores varios oſtendat, tunc vna res duæ eſſe <arrow.to.target n="marg375"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>firmius exiſtimabuntur. </s> <s id="s.003191">Quædam enim res <lb></lb>propè oculum nihil impediunt, quoniam <lb></lb>minores ſunt diſtantia oculorum: procul & <lb></lb>propè rem viſam eam tegunt. </s> <s id="s.003192">Rurſus aliæ <lb></lb>oculis proximæ impediunt, procul autem <lb></lb>parum: quia angulus qui ex eis fit, ob diſtan<lb></lb>tiam iuxta oculum coanguſtatur. </s> <s id="s.003193">Situs au<lb></lb>tem, mutatio non ſolùm in oculis, ſed in di<lb></lb>gitis, nec ſolum in viſu ſed in tactu, duo pro <lb></lb>vno oſtendendo fallere ſolet. </s> <s id="s.003194">Indice enim ac <lb></lb>medio ſe inuicem ſuperequitantibus ſphæ<lb></lb>rula in vola ſubiecta, pro duobus iudicat, <lb></lb>adeò vt nonnulli pignore depoſito certa<lb></lb>uerint. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg376"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003195"><margin.target id="marg375"></margin.target>Diuerſitas <lb></lb><expan abbr="impedientiũ">impedientium</expan> <lb></lb>viſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003196"><margin.target id="marg376"></margin.target>Ratio ſolida <lb></lb>in plano pin<lb></lb>gendi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003197">Verùm & eadem ratione quæ in plano <lb></lb>pinguntur, ſolida apparent. </s> <s id="s.003198">Hoc autem ma<lb></lb>ximè duabus ex cauſis: altera eſt vmbra, à <lb></lb>quo oculus iudicium illud refert: Si vmbra, <lb></lb>igitur vmbroſum & ſolidum corpus. </s> <s id="s.003199">Adeò <lb></lb>enim ſenſus aſſueuêre iudicio ex diuturno <lb></lb>vſu contracto, vt referant in inſulis nuper <lb></lb>repertis, nec habitatis vnquam aliàs, aues <lb></lb>non refugientes, capi manibus. </s> <s id="s.003200">Altera eſt <lb></lb>vt conſideres quæ pars corporis videatur, <lb></lb>velut in cubo ſuprema anterior, dextra aut <lb></lb>ſiniſtra: latent reliquæ ſuperficies: inde vm<lb></lb>bram ad lumen quod ante te finges ad alti<lb></lb>tudinem dimidij recti collocabis, corpus au<lb></lb>tem pro lineis, quæ ab oculo ad cubum ſu<lb></lb>per planum extenduntur. </s> <s id="s.003201">Potes & ab angulo <lb></lb>intuitum conſtituere, & lumen à latere. </s> <s id="s.003202">Rur<lb></lb>ſus alia ratio eſt tabulæ, quæ in pariete pen<lb></lb>det, alia eius quæ ſub oculis ac manibus fi<lb></lb>nitori æquidiſtans iacet: verùm in omnibus <lb></lb>hoc commune eſt, vt rem ipſam conſtituas <lb></lb>eodem loco, & angulos ac puncta eadem in <lb></lb>plano, ad oculos, & ad lumen exprimas, vt <lb></lb>terminos rei viſæ. </s> <s id="s.003203">Cùm enim anguli fuerint <lb></lb>æquales, & coloribus, ac vmbris adiuuantur, <lb></lb>vt eadem corpora referant neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.003204">Idem <arrow.to.target n="marg377"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim idem refert, & ſimile ſimile. </s> <s id="s.003205">Memento <lb></lb>tamen vt locum viſus æqualis obſerues, is <lb></lb>eſt humanæ figuræ caput, cùm homo in ta<lb></lb>bella pictus fuerit: quæcunque enim infra <lb></lb>illud videbuntur, humilia: quæcunque ſuprà, <lb></lb>ſublimia, non ſecus quàm ſi verè tali in ſitu <lb></lb>forent, oculus iudicabit. </s> <s id="s.003206">Igitur vt ſolida re<lb></lb>feras, ſunt hæc quatuor abſoluenda: forma <lb></lb>rei ex radiis oculorum ſumpta, vmbra ex ra<lb></lb>diis lucis, colos qui non alius eſſe debet quàm <lb></lb>eius corporis ſub ea luce, & ſub eo ſitu col<lb></lb>locati: ac demum ſitus in tabella, ad hominis <lb></lb>depicti rationem, cuius vertex in directo ſit <lb></lb>tuorum oculorum, ſtatuendus eſt. </s> <s id="s.003207">Quid enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg378"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aliud eſt pictura, quàm imitatio affectuum <lb></lb>quæ ſunt in corporibus, ad luminis compa<lb></lb>rationem ex ſolo plano? </s> <s id="s.003208">Nam etſi animi <lb></lb>etiam diſpoſitione ex pictura liceat conie<lb></lb>ctari, non tamen aliter quàm vt per corpo<lb></lb>reos affectus exprimuntur: Dixi ad luminis <lb></lb>comparationem: vnde alia erit natantis fa<lb></lb>cies, alia eius qui eſt ſub radiis Solis, alia ve<lb></lb>rò noctis quadam obſcuritate, alia ſub lu<lb></lb>mine Lunæ, alia candelæ conſtituti, ob id de<lb></lb>cet admota lucerna experiri. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003209"><margin.target id="marg377"></margin.target>Ratio men<lb></lb>ſurarum in <lb></lb>picturis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003210"><margin.target id="marg378"></margin.target>Pictura <lb></lb>quid.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003211">Quid miraris de lumine? </s> <s id="s.003212">cùm quædam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg379"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>procul videantur, quæ propè latent: vt in <lb></lb>marſupio meo chalybeo diſtincta quadratis <lb></lb>figura nigris lineis à longè videtur, aliàs in<lb></lb>uiſa. </s> <s id="s.003213">Sic & ſtellæ noctæ videntur, quæ die <lb></lb>latent: vnde etiam reticulo adiuuant opus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003214">In paruo enim ſpatio error vel minimus la<lb></lb>tere non poteſt, & ad rectitudinem ma<lb></lb>nuum artificis dirigit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003215"><margin.target id="marg379"></margin.target>Quædam me<lb></lb>lius à longè <lb></lb>videntur <lb></lb>quam propè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003216">Auxilium ad <lb></lb>rectè pingen<lb></lb>dum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003217">Speculo pi<lb></lb>cturæ <expan abbr="protãdæ">protan<lb></lb>dæ</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003218">Eadem fermè ratione ſpeculo picturæ <lb></lb>probandæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.003219">Nam ſpeculum cùm euerſas <lb></lb>res oſtendat, multa quæ iam latuerant dete<lb></lb>git. </s> <s id="s.003220">Vt enim ordo multa abſcondis, vnde <lb></lb>gemmarij margaritas certo ordine collocant, <lb></lb>in medio maculatas conſtituentes, ac pul<lb></lb>cherrimas in extremis terminis, ac ſenſim <lb></lb>à pulcherrimis ad turpiores deſcendunt, ne <lb></lb>comparationes turpes agnoſcantur: quaſdam <lb></lb>interdum vitiorum mutatione gratiam reti<lb></lb>nentes, iuxta ponunt: ita contraria ratione <lb></lb>ſpeculum detegit mendas, conuerſo ordine <lb></lb>priore ob quem placebat pictura. </s> <s id="s.003221">Ita ſpeculo <lb></lb>quod omnia contrario ordine ac præpoſte<lb></lb>ro oſtendat, literas contrario ordine ſcriptas, <lb></lb>rectè illas eo repræſentante legibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003222">Cæterùm vt ad picturam reuertar, nec <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg380"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>obiter colores ſunt diſponendi, ſed inter cla<lb></lb>ros obſcuri, inter obſcuros clari ſedem ſi <lb></lb>habeant, decorem & ornamentum picturæ <lb></lb>adducunt. </s> <s id="s.003223">Ergo rubens inter cæruleum & <lb></lb>viridem, candidus inter cinereum & cro-<pb pagenum="429" xlink:href="016/01/078.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg381"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ceum interponendus erit. </s> <s id="s.003224">Sed cauendum eſt, <lb></lb>ne candido multum in picturis vtaris: eſt <lb></lb>enim velut illarum venenum: nam ſplendo<lb></lb>re ſua venuſtatem primò, ac grauitatem <lb></lb>quandam ab artis opere aufert, colores de<lb></lb>inde reliquos obſcurat, & vmbras rerum <lb></lb>vitiat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg382"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003225"><margin.target id="marg380"></margin.target>Ordo colorum <lb></lb>ſibi con<lb></lb>gruentium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003226"><margin.target id="marg381"></margin.target>Candidus <lb></lb>color <expan abbr="venenũ">venenum</expan> <lb></lb>picturis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003227"><margin.target id="marg382"></margin.target>Colorum no<lb></lb>mina.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003228">Sed poſtquam in colorum mentionem in<lb></lb>cidimus, de illorum generatione ac nomini<lb></lb>bus tum ſpeciebus dicendum eſt: ſed quia <lb></lb>res tractare difficile eſt, non intellectis no<lb></lb>minibus, nomina illorum prius exponenda <lb></lb>erunt, non equidem nunc antiquorum ex <lb></lb>opinione, ſed ita vt quæ tractantur intelli<lb></lb>gantur. </s> <s id="s.003229">Velle enim nunc in tanta illorum <lb></lb>confuſione de colorum nominibus tractare <lb></lb>iuxta antiquorum ſententiam, res eſt præter <lb></lb>id quòd difficillima & immenſi negotij, ex<lb></lb>tra propoſitum noſtrum. </s> <s id="s.003230">Rem igitur hanc <lb></lb>tametſi nouo, non tamen inutili exemplo <lb></lb>aggrediemur. </s> <s id="s.003231">Ergo quomodo de coloribus <lb></lb>agendum ſit, à manifeſtiſſimis ſumens ini<arrow.to.target n="marg383"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tium, nunc docebo. </s> <s id="s.003232">Niueus color qualis ſyn<lb></lb>ceræ niui in cumulum congregatæ, candore <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg384"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eximio, ac ſplendore non leui. </s> <s id="s.003233">Candidus in <lb></lb>calce eſt, colore niue non inferior, fed ſplen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg385"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dore. </s> <s id="s.003234">Lacteus in lacte, candore minore, <lb></lb>ſplendore fermè nullo: nam nullus candor <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg386"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> ſplendore. </s> <s id="s.003235">Hi tres, albi nomine intelli<lb></lb>guntur. </s> <s id="s.003236">Huic niger è directo opponitur. </s> <s id="s.003237">Hic <lb></lb>talis eſt, qualis in carbonibus qui tamen ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg387"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eo ſplendet. </s> <s id="s.003238">Prannius à gemma quæ talis vo<lb></lb>catur. </s> <s id="s.003239">Argenteus ab argento dictus, multum <lb></lb>habet ſplendoris, candoris parum. </s> <s id="s.003240">Plumbeus <lb></lb>verò minus candido eximius: nam obſcurior <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg388"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, & minus habet lucis. </s> <s id="s.003241">Aqueus aquæ ſi<lb></lb>millimus, non quidem maris, ſed fontium <lb></lb>atque fluminum: ſplendoris habet multum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg389"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>candoris parum: è directo contrarius cine<lb></lb>reo, qui colos eſt cinis, in quo candoris plus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg390"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lucis fermè nihil. </s> <s id="s.003242">Plumbeo proximus liuidus, <lb></lb>qualis eſt ad vnguem caro puerorum, qui lo<lb></lb>ris vapularunt: eſt enim veluti plumbeus <lb></lb>abſque ſplendore vllo, cùm ſanguis accurrit, <lb></lb>nec exit, ſed ſub cute colligitur. </s> <s id="s.003243">Palearis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg391"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qualis tritici paleæ. </s> <s id="s.003244">Splendidior ſolùm eſt <lb></lb>colos vrinæ bene valentium corporum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg392"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Flauus, qualis maturis aſtris. </s> <s id="s.003245">Aureus parum <lb></lb>differt à flauo, eſt tamen longè ſplendidior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003246">Inde luteus, qualis ouorum vitellis, quæ lu<lb></lb>tea etiam ſolemus vocare. </s> <s id="s.003247">Splendidior eſt eo <lb></lb>croceus, ac paulò rubicondior. </s> <s id="s.003248">Quo flam<lb></lb>meus à flamma dictus, vt à croco croceus, <lb></lb>longè clarior eſt. </s> <s id="s.003249">Eſt purperæ noſtræ color <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg393"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>purpureus, rubeo clarior. </s> <s id="s.003250">Nam rubro etiam <lb></lb>ſubrubens proximus eſt. </s> <s id="s.003251">Hic qualis vino ru<lb></lb>benti clariori. </s> <s id="s.003252">Manifeſtum eſt autem, quòd <lb></lb>paulò dilutior & clarior aliquantò ſanguinis <lb></lb>venalis colore, qui propriè Rubens mere<lb></lb>tur apellari. </s> <s id="s.003253">Ex albo, rubróque miſtis roſeus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg394"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>componitur, qui in roſis, tum pueris ac puel<lb></lb>lis effloreſcit, ac etiam inter reliqua in cera<lb></lb>ſiis fructibus. </s> <s id="s.003254">Vinoſus qualis amethyſto gem<lb></lb>mæ, non à vino dictus, ſed ab acinis vuarum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg395"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>originem traxit. </s> <s id="s.003255">Rubens pallidior, qualis <lb></lb>floribus mali punici, puniceus vocatur. </s> <s id="s.003256">Viri<lb></lb>dis, qualis in pratis veris tempore antequam <lb></lb>floreant: atque ſmaragdus gemma hunc, <lb></lb>cùm nobilis fuerit, pulcherrimè exprimit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg396"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Citreus, à citro ſeu malo medico non valde <lb></lb>maturo, ex viridi, & paleati intermiſtus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003257">Praſſius, à praſſio, quod marrubium vocant, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg397"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>deductus, viridi paulò obſcurior. </s> <s id="s.003258">Cui ærugi<lb></lb>noſus aduerſatur, tantò viridi clarior, qua<lb></lb>lis in ærugine purgata videri ſolet. </s> <s id="s.003259">Luridus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg398"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>venenis ac ſerpentibus quaſi peculiaris, ex <lb></lb>viridi & nigro intermiſtus, addito ſplendo<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.003260">Poſt hos ſunt obſcuriores: Ceruleus, à <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg399"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cera, ſimilis tranquillo mari, qui etiam Ve<lb></lb>netus ſolet appellari. </s> <s id="s.003261">Et cœruleus à cœlo de<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg400"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ductus, qualis in ſaphiris electis: vocabimus <lb></lb>hunc & cœleſtem, & cyaneum. </s> <s id="s.003262">Eſt & lapis <lb></lb>huius nominis quo vtuntur pictores, ſapphi<lb></lb>ro in totum ſimilis, niſi quòd nec nitet, nec <lb></lb>eſt perſpicuus. </s> <s id="s.003263">Ferrugineus à ferrò, quod ru<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg401"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>biginem contraxit. </s> <s id="s.003264">Et pullus: hic terræ quàm <lb></lb>nuper vomere vertit agricola, ſimilis, ferru<lb></lb>gineóque obſcurior: neuter autem eorum <lb></lb>nitet. </s> <s id="s.003265">Melongeneus, qualis ad vnguem car<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg402"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cinomatibus, à fructu herbæ qui eius coloris <lb></lb>eſt, ſic appellatus. </s> <s id="s.003266">Sunt igitur colores princi<lb></lb>pales quatuor, albus, rubens, viridis, & obſ<lb></lb>curus. </s> <s id="s.003267">Statuemus autem & ſeptem pòſt, iux<lb></lb>ta Ariſtotelis ſententiam. </s> <s id="s.003268">Sed iam de illo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg403"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum cauſis dicendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.003269">Generantur colo<lb></lb>res omnes ex tribus: primùm quidem ſub<lb></lb>iecta materia: inde luce, ſeu potius lumine, <lb></lb>quod ei miſcetur, & medio. </s> <s id="s.003270">Nam viſa per vi<lb></lb>ride vitrum, aut in vmbra arborum, viridia <lb></lb>perſæpè videntur, cùm tamen non ſint. </s> <s id="s.003271">Alia <lb></lb>etiam eſt rei ſpecies per aquam aut cryſtal<lb></lb>lum viſa, quàm per aërem. </s> <s id="s.003272">Lumen quoque <lb></lb>colorem mutat pro ſui magnitudine, vt co<lb></lb>lumbæ collo, quod diuerſis coloribus pro lu<lb></lb>cis varietate nitet. </s> <s id="s.003273">Res etiam etiam per ſe <lb></lb>ſubiecta colorem à propria miſtione expoſ<lb></lb>cit: quoniam neque calx nigra vllam ob lu<lb></lb>cem fiet, neque carbones albi. </s> <s id="s.003274">Hoc autem <lb></lb>quaſi contingit, quoniam potentia aut actu <lb></lb>lucem quandam retinent. </s> <s id="s.003275">Potentia quidem, <lb></lb>vt viridis: actu autem, vt niueus. </s> <s id="s.003276">Sunt autem <lb></lb>colores qui multum luminis retinent, niueus, <lb></lb>argenteus, aureus, candidus, viridis, puni<lb></lb>ceus, purpureus, & vinoſus: qui omnes fer<lb></lb>mè in ipſa iride, ſi rectè eam conſideremus, <lb></lb><expan abbr="ſpectãtur">ſpectantur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.003277">Facilè <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> eſt ſingulos colores, qui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg404"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>multum lucis continent, explorare. </s> <s id="s.003278">Vrceum <lb></lb>aqua plenum Soli expone, & quotquot ge<lb></lb>nerantur colores, omnes hi multum lucis <lb></lb>continent. </s> <s id="s.003279">Rurſus, qui in rebus nitidis ſpe<lb></lb>ctantur, vt auro, argento, & aqua, qui colos <lb></lb>communis etiam eſt cryſtallo, vitro ac ſpe<lb></lb>culis. </s> <s id="s.003280">Ergo argenteus fit ex cinereo, cùm <lb></lb>multum lucis exceperit: ſicut niueus ex al<lb></lb>bo multo lumini miſto: & puniceus ex ni<lb></lb>gro multa luce pleno, vt in pruna. </s> <s id="s.003281">Purpureus, <lb></lb>cùm album obſcurum radiis miſcetur Solis, <lb></lb>velut in aurora. </s> <s id="s.003282">Vinoſus è puro, nec diluto <lb></lb>nigro aëri ac ſplendori immiſto. </s> <s id="s.003283">Hic tamen <lb></lb>inter lucidos colores minus retinet lucis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003284">Aureus è flauo multa pura luce referto con<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> <s id="s.003285">Viridis fit duobus modis, aut humido <lb></lb>multo ſenſim excocto, vt in arborem foliis: <lb></lb>vel cùm humidum nigrum vlterius coqui<lb></lb>tur, vt cùm aquarum ſtantium nigra ſuper<lb></lb>ficies, aut terra ſub impluuiis nigra facta <lb></lb>vireſcunt. </s> <s id="s.003286">Cùm verò vireſcit aliquid, maio<lb></lb>re calore aër & lumen admiſcentur. </s> <s id="s.003287">Can<lb></lb>didus ex albo fit puro mediocri luce con<lb></lb>ſperſo. </s> <s id="s.003288">Aqueus ex mediocri luce perſpicui-<pb pagenum="430" xlink:href="016/01/079.jpg"></pb>tate: perſpicuum autem actu nullo colore <lb></lb>conſtat. </s> <s id="s.003289">Si obſcuritas quædam aqueo adiun<lb></lb>gatur, fit cœleſtis, vel cœruleus color: vt <lb></lb>in cœlo. </s> <s id="s.003290">Quidam colores luminis videntur <lb></lb>eſſe experteas, quia in rebus ſunt nitore ca<lb></lb>rentibus: vt liuidus, ater, & ferrugineus. </s> <s id="s.003291">Ater <lb></lb>eſt niger, omni ſplendore carens, vt atra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg405"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mentum & carbo. </s> <s id="s.003292">Pramnius (vt dixi) cùm <lb></lb>ſplendet, niger communis eſt illis. </s> <s id="s.003293">Eſt colos <lb></lb>nomine carens, qualis in lacca rubeus ob<lb></lb>ſcurus, hunc lacceum vocabis. </s> <s id="s.003294">Quidam co<lb></lb>lores lucem modò admittunt, modò non ha<lb></lb>bent, vt cœruleus & praſſius. </s> <s id="s.003295">Albus fit, cùm <lb></lb>humida exareſcunt, vt folia: vel ſi ſitum <lb></lb>contrahant, vt panes, & pili in ſenibus, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg406"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in morbis, & generaliter in debilibus. </s> <s id="s.003296">Nam <lb></lb>& capræ, & boues hoc colore habentur vi<lb></lb>liores atque imbecilliores nigris aut ferru<lb></lb>gineis. </s> <s id="s.003297">Canities enim fit, cùm humidum <lb></lb>putreſcit, & ob putredinem rareſcit, & ob <lb></lb>raritatem aër ingreditur. </s> <s id="s.003298">Declarauimus au<lb></lb>tem ſuprà, putredinem non fieri in ſitu per<lb></lb>fectam, ſed quòd à frigido moderetur. </s> <s id="s.003299">Fiunt <lb></lb>& alba à ſicco nimio, vt in calce, oſſibúſque <lb></lb>combuſtis. </s> <s id="s.003300">Quædam etiam alba fiunt humi<lb></lb>do non concocto, vt oſſa & radices. </s> <s id="s.003301">Item <lb></lb>medullæ quædam, vt ſpinæ, & cerebrum, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg407"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>oſſa. </s> <s id="s.003302">Niger fit aduſtione aërei, vel terrei hu<lb></lb>midi: aërei quidem, vt atramentum pro <lb></lb>typis, quod fiat fumo olei ſeminis lini: tum <lb></lb>verò carbones & fuligo, terrei. </s> <s id="s.003303">Fit & nigrum <lb></lb>excluſo omni aëre ob terram & aquam mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg408"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtam, vt ſub impluuiis vmbroſis. </s> <s id="s.003304">Hæ igitur <lb></lb>ſunt colorum cauſæ, quibus facilè eſt intel<lb></lb>ligere, cur animalibus non paucis color pi<lb></lb>lorum nigrior ſit ab ortu, quàm ætate pro<lb></lb>cedente: quoniam calor in vtero magis ef<lb></lb>ficax fuerat, & humidum pinguius, quod <lb></lb>temporis ſucceſſu dilutum eſt aqueo. </s> <s id="s.003305">Indi<lb></lb>cio eſt quòd ab ortu, nulli animali fiunt pili <lb></lb>nigri, inde tempore procedente, rufi aut fla<lb></lb>ui. </s> <s id="s.003306">Nos quidem, vt mater retulit, cum capil<lb></lb>lis craſſis ac nigris prælongis nati ſumus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003307">Sed cur nullis animalibus pili virides, neque <lb></lb>capilli non etiam purpurei, aut vinoſi? </s> <s id="s.003308">Quo<lb></lb>niam pilus cùm ſit denſa & craſſa ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia minimè lucis eſt capax: hi autem colo<lb></lb>res multa luce indigent, vt demonſtratum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.003309">Fiunt tamen aurei capilli, quia rari & <lb></lb>flaui ſunt, concipiúntque lumen, præſertim <lb></lb>ſi ſæpius lauentur. </s> <s id="s.003310">At aureus colos fit flauo <lb></lb>illuminato. </s> <s id="s.003311">Sunt autem colores principales, <lb></lb>albus, croceus, purpureus, puniceus, viridis, <lb></lb>cœruleus, niger. </s> <s id="s.003312">Fiunt autem diuerſis ex ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg409"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teriis, ſed metallica diuturniora, ſæpius <lb></lb>etiam viuaciora: albus ceruſſa, rubeus cin<lb></lb>nabari, cœruleus cyaneo lapide <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>lazuli vo<lb></lb>cant vulgares) flauus auripigmento, niger <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg410"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>terra eius coloris, viridis ærugine. </s> <s id="s.003313">Olim <lb></lb>purpureus fiebat è ſanguine muricis piſ<lb></lb>pis. </s> <s id="s.003314">Erat hoc purpuræ genus ſplendidum <lb></lb>valde, & regibus familiare, longéque aliud à <lb></lb>noſtro, quod cum cocco fit. </s> <s id="s.003315">Virgil. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Tyrióque ardebat murice læna.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003316"><margin.target id="marg383"></margin.target>Niueus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003317"><margin.target id="marg384"></margin.target>Candidus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003318"><margin.target id="marg385"></margin.target>Lacteus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003319"><margin.target id="marg386"></margin.target>Albus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003320">Niger.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003321"><margin.target id="marg387"></margin.target>Prannius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003322">Argenteus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003323">Plumbeus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003324"><margin.target id="marg388"></margin.target>Aqueus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003325"><margin.target id="marg389"></margin.target>Cinereus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003326"><margin.target id="marg390"></margin.target>Liuidus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003327"><margin.target id="marg391"></margin.target>Palearis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003328"><margin.target id="marg392"></margin.target>Flauus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003329">Aureus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003330">Luteus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003331"><margin.target id="marg393"></margin.target>Croceus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003332">Flammeus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003333">Purpureus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003334">Subrubens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003335"><margin.target id="marg394"></margin.target>Rubeus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003336">Roſeus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003337">Vinoſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003338"><margin.target id="marg395"></margin.target>Puniceus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003339">Viridis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003340"><margin.target id="marg396"></margin.target>Citreus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003341"><margin.target id="marg397"></margin.target>Praſſius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003342">Æruginoſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003343"><margin.target id="marg398"></margin.target>Luridus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003344"><margin.target id="marg399"></margin.target>Ceruleus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003345"><margin.target id="marg400"></margin.target>Cœruleus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003346"><margin.target id="marg401"></margin.target>Ferrugineus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003347">Pullus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003348"><margin.target id="marg402"></margin.target>Melonge<lb></lb>neus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003349"><margin.target id="marg403"></margin.target>Colores om<lb></lb>nes ex tribus <lb></lb>conſtant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003350"><margin.target id="marg404"></margin.target>Colores mul<lb></lb>tum lucis <expan abbr="ſe-cũ">ſe<lb></lb>cum</expan> habentes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003351"><margin.target id="marg405"></margin.target>Laceus co<lb></lb>lor.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003352"><margin.target id="marg406"></margin.target>Caniciei <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003353"><margin.target id="marg407"></margin.target>Atramentum <lb></lb>pro typis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003354"><margin.target id="marg408"></margin.target>Cur aliqua <lb></lb>animalia <lb></lb>naſcuntur <lb></lb>cum pilis ni<lb></lb>gris quæ æta<lb></lb>tis ſucceſſu <lb></lb>deſinunt eſſe <lb></lb>nigra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003355">Cur nulli <lb></lb>animali pili <lb></lb>virides.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003356"><margin.target id="marg409"></margin.target>Colorum <lb></lb>materia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003357"><margin.target id="marg410"></margin.target>Purpura <lb></lb>quæ ſit & <lb></lb>qualis fue<lb></lb>rit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003358">Non totus ſanguis huius conchæ ap<lb></lb>tior, ſed qui in faucibus tantùm colligeba<lb></lb>tur, & à viuente animali: cum vita enim <lb></lb>ſplendor, & gratia ſucco peribat. </s> <s id="s.003359">Concha <lb></lb>turbinata, intus rubens, exterius quaſi ſpi<lb></lb>culis ſparſim munita, in mucronem deſinit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003360">Africa cœruleam olim mittebat, Tyrus ru<lb></lb>bentem: nunc periit vſus, nec ſatis ſcio <lb></lb>cur. </s> <s id="s.003361">Bonum eſſet, ſi reuocaretur: precio<lb></lb>ſior enim & pulchrior tinctura quam coc<lb></lb>cus. </s> <s id="s.003362">At de cocco dicemus in plantarum hi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg411"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtoria, nunc ad ſermonem de lumine redea<lb></lb>mus: illud in dubium vertentes, cur ſcili<lb></lb>cet cùm ex toto Sole iam radios procedere <lb></lb>dixerimus, Solémque ipſum terra longè <lb></lb>maiorem, non vmbræ omnibus rectæ ſint, <lb></lb>& vndique etiam æſtas ſemper? </s> <s id="s.003363">At cauſa <lb></lb>huius eſt, quòd quanquam radij ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum in terram deferantur, vt plana eſt <lb></lb>(hoc enim confiteri neceſſarium eſt) haud <lb></lb>tamen in centrum hi radij terræ diriguntur: <lb></lb>vnde cùm rotunda ſit non plana terra, ra<lb></lb>dij qui ad nos veniunt ex ſitu rerum, quæ <lb></lb>terræ incumbunt, ad perpendiculum non <lb></lb>ſunt conſtituti: vnde ſolùm verticem, quaſi <lb></lb>ex puncto Sol à parte Boreali tangit, vm<lb></lb>bras igitur auſtrales efficere non poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003364">Facilè iſtud figura effinges, ſi duos circu<lb></lb>los, alterum minorem, maiorem alterum, <lb></lb>deſcribas. </s> <s id="s.003365">In minore autem à centro ductis <lb></lb>lineis, paululum extra circulum ipſum pro<lb></lb>feras, quicquid extra fuerit, homines, plan<lb></lb>tas, turres & montes exiſtima, videbis quàm <lb></lb>minimo ſpatio comprehendatur, quod ex <lb></lb>vtraque parte radios à maiore circulo exci<lb></lb>pere poteſt: ergo ſolùm hi, qui per dimi<lb></lb>diam partem, id eſt, per ſtadia trecenta quin<lb></lb>quaginta, quæ Soli è directo ſubiicitur, vm<lb></lb>bras habebunt rectas. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003366"><margin.target id="marg411"></margin.target>Cur cum ſol <lb></lb>ſit maior ter <lb></lb>ra, non <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> <lb></lb>radios & <lb></lb>vmbras re<lb></lb>ctas vbique <lb></lb>mittat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003367">Dubitabit autem aliquis quoniam par<lb></lb>tem Ptolemæus 500. ſtadiis definit, alij 700. <lb></lb>Hoc autem contigit, quoniam Ptolemæus <lb></lb>iter rectà definiuit, Eratoſthenes autem, <lb></lb>commune. </s> <s id="s.003368">Sed vt ad propoſitum redeam, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg412"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæri etiam ſolet, cur non vbique æſtas <lb></lb>ſit, cùm vbique ſuper planum terris radij ad <lb></lb>perpendiculum incidant. </s> <s id="s.003369">At dices, non ad <lb></lb>perpendiculum ſunt: non enim ad cen<lb></lb>trum terræ tendunt. </s> <s id="s.003370">At id non ſufficere vi<lb></lb>detur, cùm ratio reflexionis ex hoc robur <lb></lb>(vt oſtendimus) accipiat, quòd radius in ſe <lb></lb>redeat: at magnitudo terræ hoc facit: nam <lb></lb>& plana ſpecula ad perpendiculum refle<lb></lb>ctunt, ſi ſupina in terram ponantur. </s> <s id="s.003371">Verùm <lb></lb>hoc non eſt, imò aliò radij reflexi tendunt <lb></lb>ad aduerſam Solis partem. </s> <s id="s.003372">Quomodo igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg413"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur à planis ſpeculis ad perpendiculum fiet <lb></lb>reflexio? </s> <s id="s.003373">Cùm ſic Soli fuerit expoſitum, vt <lb></lb>illius ſuperficies ſi protracta quantum ve<lb></lb>lim intelligatur, ſemper æquidiſtet ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei planæ Solem contingenti in puncto, <lb></lb>per quam producta ex centro Solis ad ſuper<lb></lb>ficiem ſpeculi rectà tranſit. </s> <s id="s.003374">Finge igitur <lb></lb>ex terræ centro lineas ad illius ſuperficiem <lb></lb>venientes planis orthogonias incumbere, <lb></lb>intelliges ea plana nihil facere, vt radij <lb></lb>ex Sole, quamuis maior ſit longè terra, in <lb></lb>ipſa plana ſint orthogonij. </s> <s id="s.003375">Cùm igitur ad <lb></lb>nus Solis radij, noſtrámque planitiem ve<lb></lb>niant, nec ad perpendiculum centri ratione <lb></lb>terræ, cùm in terræ centrum non tendant: <lb></lb>nec velut ſuper erectam ſpeculi ſuperficiem, <lb></lb>cùm planum terræ ſit in quod quæ ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum ex centro terræ cadat: nec pla<lb></lb>num hoc plano Solis æquidiſtare illi poſſit, <lb></lb>in quod rectà è centro Solis ad <expan abbr="perpendiculũ">perpendiculum</expan> <pb pagenum="431" xlink:href="016/01/080.jpg"></pb>venit, neutro modo etiam ad perpendicu<lb></lb>lum ad nos venient: igitur æſtas non vbi<lb></lb>que erit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg414"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003376"><margin.target id="marg412"></margin.target>Cur non vbi<lb></lb>que ſemper <lb></lb>æſtas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003377"><margin.target id="marg413"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>plana ſpecu<lb></lb>la vt <expan abbr="reddãt">reddant</expan> <lb></lb>radium <expan abbr="per-pendicularẽ">per<lb></lb>pendicularem</expan>, <lb></lb>debeant col<lb></lb>locari in ſole.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003378"><margin.target id="marg414"></margin.target>Ædificia <lb></lb>quæ multum <lb></lb>excalefacere <lb></lb><expan abbr="aërẽ">aërem</expan> poſſunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003379">Liquet autem ex his, ædificia poſſe fieri, <lb></lb>quæ etiam hyeme non parum aërem exca<lb></lb>lefacient. </s> <s id="s.003380">Hæc verò non ad terræ centrum <lb></lb>erecta rectè eſſe oportet, ſed vt Solem hye<lb></lb>malem ad perpendiculum excipiant. </s> <s id="s.003381">Itaque <lb></lb>vt exemplum rei præbeam, ſit habitatio no<lb></lb>ſtra in A, ſuper plano AF, quæ ad perpendi<lb></lb>culum è noſtro vertice ad centrum terræ AB <lb></lb>quam conſtat diſtare ab æquinoctij circu<lb></lb>lo partibus 44. & media: ab hyemali igitur <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.080.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/080/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>diſtabit partibus 68. fiat igitur circuli pars <lb></lb>quarta BCF, & fiat BC partium 22. ex his <lb></lb>quibus BF ex nonaginta, diſtabit igitur pun<lb></lb>ctus C partibus nonaginta ab hyemali tro<lb></lb>pico: quare cùm Sol ibi erit, erecta plana <lb></lb>aut caua cylindrica ſuperficie A C, in meri<lb></lb>die radios ad perpendiculum excipiet. </s> <s id="s.003382">Fiat <lb></lb>etiam arcus CE partium 47. & iuxta decli<lb></lb>nationem cuiuſque diei Solis deſcribantur <lb></lb>partes, & moles AC retrò agatur: ſicque to<lb></lb>to anno radios ad perpendiculum ſtantes <lb></lb>excipiet, vt ante tempus olera & fructus <lb></lb>habere poſſis, reddatúrque iucunda manſio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003383">Iam his de cauſis intelligis non ſolùm <lb></lb>duplicem eorum, qui ad perpendiculum <lb></lb>ſtant radiorum rationem, ſed etiam vmbra<lb></lb>rum diſcrimina, quæ qui<lb></lb>dem in omnibus mutantur <lb></lb>corporibus ob ſitum cor<arrow.to.target n="marg415"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>poris, ſola ſphæra exce<lb></lb>pta: nam illa eodem lo<lb></lb>co manens, luce etiam qui<lb></lb>eſcente eandem vmbram <lb></lb>facit. </s> <s id="s.003384">At non ſic reliqua <lb></lb>corpora, ſed virgæ ſi ſe<lb></lb>cundum radiorum Solis <lb></lb>longitudinem extendantur, <lb></lb><expan abbr="nullã">nullam</expan> propemodum faciunt <lb></lb>vmbram, niſi quantam <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.080.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/080/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ipſa virga habuerit craſſitudinis. </s> <s id="s.003385">Si verò <lb></lb>virga ſic ſtatuatur, vt vmbra eius ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum ſit ſuper vmbram erectæ al<lb></lb>terius virgæ in plano, tunc erit hæc vm<lb></lb>bra media, æqualíſque ad vnguem ipſi vir<lb></lb>gæ, niſi quantum ex elongatione à plano <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg416"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>terræ propter Solis magnitudinem illi de<lb></lb>ceſſerit: quod perexiguum tamen eſt: ita <lb></lb>tamen perexiguum, quod omne corpus So<lb></lb>li expoſitum hac ratione vmbram finit in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg417"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tanta diſtantia, quanta eſt magnitudo di<lb></lb>metientis illius corporis centies ac nouies <lb></lb>ſumpta: talis enim proportio diſtantiæ So<lb></lb>lis à terra ad ſuam, ſcilicet Solis diametrum <lb></lb>fermè. </s> <s id="s.003386">Ex quo patet, non obſcura ratio co<lb></lb>gnoſcendi proportionem altitudinis, cuiuſ<lb></lb>cunque ſyderis ad ſuam magnitudinem. </s> <s id="s.003387">Nam <lb></lb>collocata ſphæra notæ diametri in ſummo <lb></lb>montis, videbis qua in diſtantia finiatur vm<lb></lb>bra, inde colliges eam eſſe proportionem al<lb></lb>titudinis ad diametrum ſy<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.080.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/080/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>deris, quæ eſt rectæ diſtantiæ <lb></lb>inter locum finis vmbræ, & <lb></lb>diametrum ſphæræ. </s> <s id="s.003388">Cum <lb></lb>igitur ſuper virgam plano <lb></lb>æquidiſtantem, quæ vmbram <lb></lb>ſibi æqualem faciat, virgam <lb></lb>aliam ſuper, ad perpendicu<lb></lb>lum conſtitues, ita quòd So<lb></lb>lis radius ſuper eam rectè <lb></lb>cadat, tunc maxima vmbra <lb></lb>fiet, quæ à tali magnitudi<lb></lb>ne, & Solis tali ſitu poſſit <lb></lb>prouenire. </s> <s id="s.003389">Hæc autem non <lb></lb>paulò maior erit ipſa virgæ <lb></lb>longitudine. </s> <s id="s.003390">Contingítque <lb></lb>hoc ob plani terræ inclina<lb></lb>tionem à ſitu ſuperficiei, in quam ex cen<lb></lb>tro Solis ad perpendiculum ductus radius <lb></lb>cadit: reliquæ omnes intra hos terminos <lb></lb>conſtituuntur, permiſcentúrque magnitudi<lb></lb>nis & paruitatis cauſæ, vt ad hos ſimpli<lb></lb>ces ſitus magis aut minus acceſſerint. </s> <s id="s.003391">Cæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg418"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>terum ſeu ex centro ſolo Solis, ſeu ex toto <lb></lb>ambitu radij dirigantur quodlibet opacum <lb></lb>quantumcunque magnum, æqualem facit <lb></lb>vmbram, ſi iuxta ſitum ad perpendiculum <lb></lb>ſteterit ſuper ſuperficiem, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.080.4.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/080/4.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quæ ex centro Solis ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum ſtat ſuper pla<lb></lb>num, illud diuidens iuxta <lb></lb>totam inclinationem, nam <lb></lb>radij ob diſtantiam opacum <lb></lb>amplectentes æquidiſtantes, <lb></lb>vtroque modo procedunt ex<lb></lb>quiſitè, ſi ex centro ob in<lb></lb>finitam proportionem A D <lb></lb>& A E ad D E, vel ſi ex to<lb></lb>to ſole ob maximam pro<lb></lb>portionem C E & B D ad <lb></lb>BC, aliquanto breuior fit in <lb></lb>longa diſtantia vmbra opa<lb></lb>co: quoniam radij C E H <lb></lb>& BDK minimùm ab æqui<lb></lb>diſtantibus differunt. </s> <s id="s.003392">Ita ſeu <lb></lb>ſtatuas hoc ſeu illud in illo <lb></lb>ſitu, vmbra ſemper opaco <lb></lb>æqualis eſſe videtur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003393"><margin.target id="marg415"></margin.target>Sola ſphæra <lb></lb>ſita <expan abbr="vmbrã">vmbram</expan> <lb></lb>non mutat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003394"><margin.target id="marg416"></margin.target>Omnis cor<lb></lb>poris vmbra <lb></lb>finitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003395"><margin.target id="marg417"></margin.target>Ratio cogno<lb></lb>ſcendi pro<lb></lb>portionem <lb></lb>cuiuſcunque <lb></lb>ſyderis ad <lb></lb>ſuam altitu<lb></lb>dinem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003396"><margin.target id="marg418"></margin.target>Seu radij ex <lb></lb>centro ſolis, <lb></lb>ſeu terminis <lb></lb>eius etiam <lb></lb>prodeant, <lb></lb>vmbræ erunt <lb></lb>eædem.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003397">Verùm, vt ad Solis altitu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg419"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dinem, cæterorumque aſtro<lb></lb>rum reuertar, illud demirari <lb></lb>contingit, cur aſtra omnia <lb></lb>nos iter agentes ſequi videantur, ripæ au<lb></lb>tem recedere à nobis ac retrò agi dum præ<lb></lb>teruehimur naui? </s> <s id="s.003398">Cauſa non obſcura eſt, <lb></lb>quoniam cùm aſtrorum diſtantia ad to<lb></lb>tam terræ magnitudinem maximam ha<lb></lb>beat proportionem, locum ſyderis progreſ<lb></lb>ſus noſter mutare non poteſt: quod enim <lb></lb>oculus non percipit eſſe, ac ſi non foret, <lb></lb>iam docuimus. </s> <s id="s.003399">Cum igitur ſydus, gratia <lb></lb>exempli, nos præcedit cubiti magnitudine, <lb></lb>cum per terna millia paſſ. </s> <s id="s.003400">proceſſerimus, <lb></lb>cubiti magnitudine ſydus etiam præcede<lb></lb>re nos oportet videri: quoniam terna <lb></lb>millia paſſ. </s> <s id="s.003401">cum ſyderis altitudine an-<pb pagenum="432" xlink:href="016/01/081.jpg"></pb>gulum nullum ſenſilem faciunt. </s> <s id="s.003402">Proce<lb></lb>dentibus igitur nobis, vt ſemper nos videa<lb></lb>tur cubito antecedere, ſydus neceſſe eſt, vt <lb></lb>nobiſcum moueri videatur: atque eadem ra<lb></lb>tione quæ poſt terga ſunt, vt ſequi videan<lb></lb>tur, pariter neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.003403">At ſi alium ambulan<lb></lb>tem inſpicias, tu autem quieſcas, illa non <lb></lb>moueri videbuntur. </s> <s id="s.003404">Verùm ſydera ob aſpe<lb></lb>ctus diuerſitatem, non eundum ſitum oculi <lb></lb>tui comparatione habebunt: nam aliqua vi<lb></lb>debitur poſt tergum reliquiſſe quæ ante <lb></lb>erant, quod cùm in nobis ipſis contingere <lb></lb>nequeat, ſed vt videamus ſydera ſemper ſub <lb></lb>eodem ſitu loci, noſtri comparatione ſub quo <lb></lb>prius fuerant, neceſſe eſt vt nobiſcum hac <lb></lb>de cauſa venire videantur, ac nos perpetuò <lb></lb>comitari. </s> <s id="s.003405">At in naui cùm quieſcere nobis vi<lb></lb>deamur, procedente autem naui, quæ ante <lb></lb>erant, poſt terga relinquuntur: cùm igitur <lb></lb>oculus motum percipiat, nos autem putat <lb></lb>quieſcere, quia in naui quieſcimus, neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt vt arbitretur ripas & arbores moueri <lb></lb>verſus nos, ac deinde poſt terga, contraria <lb></lb>ſyderum motus ratione. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg420"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003406"><margin.target id="marg419"></margin.target>Cur aſtra <lb></lb>nos iter <lb></lb>agentes ſe<lb></lb>quantur, ri<lb></lb>pæ autem re<lb></lb>trò fugiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003407"><margin.target id="marg420"></margin.target>Cur ſol & <lb></lb>aſtra <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> cœ<lb></lb>lum in 24<lb></lb>horis <expan abbr="circũ-eant">circun<lb></lb>eant</expan>, quieſ<lb></lb>cere tamen <lb></lb>videantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003408">Eadem de cauſa dubitare, ſed contrario <lb></lb>modo, contingit, cur Solis radij, cùm totum <lb></lb>terræ ambitum circumeat, & Sol cœlum, <lb></lb>neque Sol tamen in cœlo, neque radij in ter<lb></lb>ra moueri videntur, cùm ipſi radij millies <lb></lb>millena paſſuum ſingulis horis, ſi non plus, <lb></lb>ſaltem procedant? </s> <s id="s.003409">De Sole cauſa eſt, quia <lb></lb>circulus in quo circumfertur, haud magnus <lb></lb>oculo videtur, ideo motus videtur: moueri <lb></lb>autem non cùm ſenſim procedat, & mini<lb></lb>mum ſit ſpatium quod pertranſire cernitur, <lb></lb>& (vt clarius dicam) angulus quem facit ſin<lb></lb>gulis momentis ob motum eſt inſenſilis: igi<lb></lb>tur iuxta noſtra ſuppoſita, quæ antea docui<lb></lb>mus, Sol non videbitut moueri, nec vllum <lb></lb>aliud ſydus eadem ratione. </s> <s id="s.003410">Obiicies forſan, <lb></lb>quòd luna ſi in terræ ſuperficie circumfera<lb></lb>tur, celerrimè moueri videretur? </s> <s id="s.003411">at in cœlo <lb></lb>velocius, & iuxta eandem proportionem mo<lb></lb>uetur? </s> <s id="s.003412">Sit igitur mota ex A in B, oculus C <lb></lb>conſtat magnam eſſe proportionem ad DF. <lb></lb>moueatur etiam aliquid eodem tempore ex <lb></lb>D in G, ſic vt C ſit in linea BF. </s> <s id="s.003413">Dico igitur, <lb></lb>velocius motum videri ex D in G, quàm ex <lb></lb>A in B. nam angulus ACB, paulò maior eſt <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.081.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>angulo AFB, quia ángulus CBF, eſt inſenſi<lb></lb>lis fermè, ob paruitatem CF. ſi igitur pona<lb></lb>tur AFB, inſenſilis erit & A C B. primum <lb></lb>ergo quod depræhenditur ſit angulus ACB, <lb></lb>& arcus ACB, antea igitur inſenſilis fuit <lb></lb>motus. </s> <s id="s.003414">At quia C G eſt prorſus inſenſilis <lb></lb>comparata ad BC, & BG, erit angulus BCG <lb></lb>quaſi rectus, igitur & angulus DCG per <lb></lb>dicta primo elementorum D G igitur mul<arrow.to.target n="marg421"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>to maior quàm DC eò quòd D rectus eſt: <lb></lb>erit enim D G C angulus æqualis fermè an<lb></lb>gulo A C B, quare D manifeſtè videbitur <lb></lb>motum in G, ac longè velocius quàm ex <lb></lb>A in B. </s> <s id="s.003415">Ex hoc ſequitur, quòd quanto al<lb></lb>tiora erunt, tantò minus moueri videbun<lb></lb>tur, tametſi velocius verè & iuxta propor<lb></lb>tionem æqualiter mota videri debeant: nam <lb></lb>linea ex C ducta ad punctum in linea F B, <lb></lb>quo altius extendetur, minorem faciet an<lb></lb>gulum CBG: quare cùm F ſit idem, minor <lb></lb>erit ACB: BCG autem non augebitur, quia <lb></lb>inſenſibilis CG: ergo DCG augebitur, & <lb></lb>linea D G comparata ad D C. </s> <s id="s.003416">Similiter <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.081.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& in plano, quo magis procul mouetur ali<lb></lb>quid, eò tardius moueri videtur. </s> <s id="s.003417">Sint tres <lb></lb>lineæ AB, BD, DE æquales, oculus in C, <lb></lb>dico quod angulus ACB, maior eſt angulo <lb></lb>BCD, & BCD angulo DCE. nam pro<lb></lb>portio D C ad DE, maior eſt quàm B C <lb></lb>ad BD, quia BD & DE ſunt æquales, & <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.081.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>CD eſt maior CB, & ſimiliter CB eſt maior <lb></lb>CA, quia angulus A eſt rectus, & CBD, <lb></lb>& CDE obtuſi: igitur CD, maior CB, & <lb></lb>CB maior CA. </s> <s id="s.003418">Cùm igitur angulus ABC <lb></lb>ſit maior BCD & BDC maior DCE, ſe<lb></lb>quitur vt angulus ACB, ſit maior BCD: & <lb></lb>BCD maior DCE: igitur A B videbitur ma<lb></lb>ior BD, & BD quàm DE. </s> <s id="s.003419">Quòd ſi motus ſit <lb></lb>per tranſuerſum, adhuc eadem lex manet: <lb></lb>nam angulus ACB maior eſt angulo DCE, <lb></lb>igitur linea A B maior videtur linea D E <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.081.4.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/081/4.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Quòd ſi eadem diſtantia recta, ac per tranſ<lb></lb>uerſum aliqua moueantur, quod rectà mo<lb></lb>uebitur, velocius moueri videbitur: vt ex B <lb></lb>in D, quàm ex A in B. nam cum duæ lineæ <lb></lb>BC & BD æquales ſint duabus lineis BC & <lb></lb>BA, & anguli A, & CBD recti, erit ex dictis <lb></lb>angulus BCA maior angulo B C D: igitur <lb></lb>linea AB maior videbitur, quàm BD: quod <lb></lb>propoſuimus. </s> <s id="s.003420">Sed ſi motus ſit ex puncto eo<lb></lb>dem, puta B rectà in E, tranſuerſim in D: dico <lb></lb>quòd BD videbitur maior BE: ſuppoſito quòd <lb></lb>ſint æquales: nam duæ lineæ BE & BD æqua<lb></lb>les ſunt, & BC communis, & CE maior CD, <lb></lb>igitur angulus DCB maior eſt BCE: quo-<pb pagenum="433" xlink:href="016/01/082.jpg"></pb>niam DBC, eſt rectus, & CBE, obtuſus. </s> <s id="s.003421">Ve<lb></lb>rùm de radiis alia eſt ratio: etenim illi motu <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg422"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuo, angulum ſenſilem efficiunt in oculo, <lb></lb>ideóque moueri deberent videri. </s> <s id="s.003422">Cur autem <lb></lb>non videantur, cauſa hæc eſt, quia poſita ter<lb></lb>ra, cuius centrum A, & plano eius <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) <lb></lb>quod refert punctum D, ſed nobis ob ma<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.082.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/082/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>gnitudinem eſt BC, & turris quæ ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum eſt ſuper planum DE, & Sole in F, <lb></lb>qui producens radium FEC, producit CD, <lb></lb>cum autem Sol proceſſerit in G, producto <lb></lb>radio GEK, relinquit vmbram KD, igitur <lb></lb>cùm motus indicetur ex vmbra, Sol videbi<lb></lb>tur ſolum pertranſiſſe ex C, in K, dum moue<lb></lb>tur ex F, in G: ſed ſpatium CK, eſt paruum, <lb></lb>cùm ſit comparatum ad altitudinem D E, <lb></lb>quæ eſt parua: igitur cum ſenſim moueatur, <lb></lb>& tranſeat ſolùm ſpatium CK, puta in quar<lb></lb>ta horæ ſingulo momento, nullum ſpatium <lb></lb>tranſibit quod angulum ſenſilem efficiat. </s> <s id="s.003423">Igi<lb></lb>tur videbitur ex illo ſuppoſito ſæpius repe<lb></lb>tito, radius FC, <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> mouebitur ſemper quieſ<lb></lb>cere. </s> <s id="s.003424">Ponamus exemplum, cum Sol eſt in 7. <lb></lb>parte Tauri hora circiter 19. cum quarta, <lb></lb>vmbra æquatur gnomoni, 21. detracta quar<lb></lb>ta, dupla eſt: conduplicatur ergo vnius & di<lb></lb>midiæ horæ ſpatio. </s> <s id="s.003425">Ergo motus eſt iuxta gno<lb></lb>monis longitudinem, non Solis velocitatem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003426">Verum dices, cur non videtur moueri radius? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003427">cauſam intelligo: quomodò verò tantum ſpa<lb></lb>tij ſuperet, nec moueri videatur, cauſam non <lb></lb>intelligo. </s> <s id="s.003428">Conſtat enim ſub ortu occaſu vm<lb></lb>bras velociſſimè maximiſque incrementis, <lb></lb>aut decrementis variati. </s> <s id="s.003429">Sit igitur Sol occi<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.082.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/082/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>dens C, planum GE, corpus erectum AB, fi<lb></lb>nis vmbræ <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> qui idem eſt cum initio radio<lb></lb>rum) E, corpus aliud erectum EF: in quo mo<lb></lb>tus vmbræ inſenſilis ſit, quoniam ſolùm dum <lb></lb>Sol occidit radij deſinunt illuſtrare. </s> <s id="s.003430">Ipſi verò <lb></lb>clariſſimi erunt, quando angulus CEF, rectus <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.003431">At ex puncto E, nulli dubium eſſe poteſt, <lb></lb>quin in plano GAE, tum radij, tum vmbra <lb></lb>prope Solis occaſum incredibili velocitate <lb></lb>ferantur, <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> enim punctus in ſuperficie <lb></lb>terræ è regione centri Solis mouetur, tanto <lb></lb>magis neceſſe eſt vmbras promoueri. </s> <s id="s.003432">Sed <lb></lb>quoniam in priore figura, ſi F, ponatur in oc<lb></lb>caſu anguli FAE, FEA, erunt quaſi recti ob <lb></lb>paruitatem AE, & rationem trigonorum cir<lb></lb>culis inſcriptorum iuxta arcum & chordam, <lb></lb>vt vocant, erunt ergo anguli FC, lineæ, cum <lb></lb>duabus è centro A, exeuntibus ad illam al<lb></lb>teram, quarum eſt AD, altera velut AK, fer<lb></lb>mè recti: ergo vmbra quæ ſubtenditur quæ<lb></lb>que maxima eſt, minima eſt. </s> <s id="s.003433">Igitur non fiet <lb></lb>ille progreſſus maximus, niſi DE, fuerit lon<lb></lb>giſſima, quod eſſe non poteſt in comparatio<lb></lb>ne ad AD. </s> <s id="s.003434">Alia cauſa eſt, quoniam quantò <lb></lb>magis creſcit AE, eò radiorum vis minuitur <lb></lb>propter paruitatem anguli AEB: igitur nec <lb></lb>vmbra, nec radius dignoſcitur: quamobrem <lb></lb>in dubia luce, neque lux ipſa percipitur, ne<lb></lb>que multo minus vmbra quæ propter lucem <lb></lb>dignoſcitur, nec vmbræ magnitudo etiam <lb></lb>minus, nec tandem adhúcque minus vmbræ, <lb></lb>vel radiorum motus. </s> <s id="s.003435">Dices rurſus, quomodo <lb></lb>vmbra fiet infinita ſtatim ſi maxima parua <lb></lb>eſt? </s> <s id="s.003436">coniungitur illa vmbræ rotunditatis terrę <lb></lb>quæ maxima eſt, & ſic è parua fit infinita in <lb></lb>momento. </s> <s id="s.003437">Cùm verò nullum fuerit corpus in <lb></lb>plano, velociſſima fit & lucis & vmbrarum <lb></lb>diffuſio, ſed quia lux in vtroque crepuſculo <lb></lb>(vt ita dicam) dubia eſt, & ſpatium quod ab <lb></lb>oculo illuminatum videtur exiguum, ſtatim <lb></lb>vtraque facta mutatione latet motus, vt in <lb></lb>ſecunda cauſa demonſtratum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003438"><margin.target id="marg421"></margin.target>Propoſit. 13.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003439"><margin.target id="marg422"></margin.target>Cur ſolis ra<lb></lb>dij cum in <lb></lb>23. ſerie ter<lb></lb>ram circum<lb></lb>eant immo<lb></lb>biles vi<lb></lb>deantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003440">Dubium quoque eſt, cur hæc illuſtratio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg423"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in terra ſemper tremere videatur? </s> <s id="s.003441">& an ab <lb></lb>eorum quæ dicta ſunt aliquid? </s> <s id="s.003442">Cauſa igi<lb></lb>tur eſt, quòd mouetur, nec moueri videtur, <lb></lb>vt dictum eſt: medium igitur quippiam per<lb></lb>cipitur. </s> <s id="s.003443">Idem <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> & ex ambigua viſione, ter<lb></lb>minus enim vmbræ & luminis, neque vmbra <lb></lb>eſt neque lux, tremere autem exiſtimantur <lb></lb>quæcunque, an moueantur incertum eſt, hoc <lb></lb>autem ob cauſas dictas. </s> <s id="s.003444">Sed cur non in horo<lb></lb>logio index? </s> <s id="s.003445">Quoniam non eſt is motus ob <lb></lb>tarditatem vllo modo ſenſilis: quæ autem <lb></lb>tremere videntur, non adeò tardè moueri <lb></lb>oportet, vt omninò quieſcere videantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003446"><margin.target id="marg423"></margin.target>Cur ſolis il<lb></lb>luſtratio tre<lb></lb>mula videa<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003447">His cognitis maius quippiam ſuccedit, <lb></lb>quo humana ſubtilitas altitudinem omnium <lb></lb>ſyderum tam facilè metiri docuit, vt nemo <lb></lb>tam in promptu domus ſuæ partes habeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003448">Cum enim in figura motus Solis altitudo F, <lb></lb>nota fuerit, ſeu planiſphærio, ſeu armillis, <lb></lb>alióve inſtrumento, aut tabulis, ea detracta <lb></lb>ex 90. partibus habebimus angulum FAD, <lb></lb>ſed angulus CED, ratione & menſura notus <lb></lb>eſt, ſeu C, terminus ſit vmbræ, ſeu oculus: igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg424"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur angulus FEA, notus, quare ex traditis ab <lb></lb>Euclide in elementis, angulus F, & ratio FE, <lb></lb>altitudinis ad AE, dimidium dimetientis ter<lb></lb>ræ, quoſt ſuperius quantum eſſet, demonſtra<lb></lb>uimus. </s> <s id="s.003449">Eſt enim quinquies M. paſſ millia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003450">Virga autem DE, habere debet circulum in <lb></lb>imo chalybèum, cui inſiſtat orthogonia: tum <lb></lb>& planum ad vnguem inferna parte <expan abbr="circulũ">circulum</expan> <lb></lb>eſſe, vt cùm applicetur plano, intelligas an <lb></lb>illud verè planum ſit, habeat & ſuperius à <lb></lb>quatuor lateribus plumbea perpendicula: & <lb></lb>notæ ſit magnitudinis à ſummo verticis <expan abbr="vſq;">vſque</expan> <lb></lb>ad imam chalybei circuli ſuperficiem. </s> <s id="s.003451">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur virga fixa circulo tenus illóque hæren. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003452">te vndequaque plano etiam perpendicula <pb pagenum="434" xlink:href="016/01/083.jpg"></pb>adhæſerint virgæ, tunc planum illud, & <lb></lb>verè planum eſt, & tale in quod ducta ex <lb></lb>centro terræ linea perpendicularis eſt, & <lb></lb>hoc planum ad altitudinem ſumendam ido<lb></lb>neum eſt. </s> <s id="s.003453">Quòd ſi vel dum hæret circulus pla<lb></lb>no perpendicula non hærent, aut dum hæ<lb></lb>rent perpendicula, circulus ab aliqua parte <lb></lb>planum non tangit, planum illud non eſt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg425"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>idoneum. </s> <s id="s.003454">Quare ſi velis hac cura carere, <lb></lb>virgam tabulæ planæ & leni magnæ ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum infige, & tunc vbicunque tabu<lb></lb>lam collocaueris, vt perpendicula tangant <lb></lb>virgam, opportunum tibi planum inueniſſe <lb></lb>perſuadeto. </s> <s id="s.003455">Quòd ſi magnitudinem poſtmo<lb></lb>dum ſyderis etiam ſcire libeat, ex vmbræ <lb></lb>fine ( vt dixi ſuperius ) cùm iam altitudinem <lb></lb>noueris potes inuenire. </s> <s id="s.003456">Verum, quia ſcire <lb></lb>hunc vmbræ finem eſt operoſum, & non <lb></lb>omninò leue, <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> maximè in aliis ſyderibus à <lb></lb>Sole & Luna, hoc alia via facillimè aſſeque<lb></lb>ris. </s> <s id="s.003457">Sume in planiſpherio dimetientem ſyde<lb></lb>ris, quem duplica & ei decimamnonam par<lb></lb>tem adde, & cum hoc diuide ſemper ſeptem <lb></lb>millia & ducenta, & numerus proueniens <lb></lb>eſt proportio altitudinis ad dimentientem ſy<lb></lb>deris. </s> <s id="s.003458">Cùm igitur altitudinem ſyderis iam <lb></lb>cognitam habeas, & proportionem altitu<lb></lb>dinis ad dimentientem, palàm eſt dimentien<lb></lb>tem cognitam eſſe. </s> <s id="s.003459">Velut ponamus dime<lb></lb>tientem ſyderis minuta nouem cum dimidio, <lb></lb>duplicabo hæc, & fient minuta decem & no<lb></lb>uem: quibus addam ſemper partem deci<lb></lb>mam nonam, ob magnitudinem dimetien<lb></lb>tis in tabula, & fient minuta viginti: diuido <lb></lb>ſeptem millia ducenta. </s> <s id="s.003460">& ſunt minuta dime<lb></lb>tientis, & exeunt trecenta ſexaginta, & ideo <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt ex hoc, dimetientem eius ſy<lb></lb>deris eſſe ſuæ altitudinis partem trecenteſi<lb></lb>mam ac ſexageſimam. </s> <s id="s.003461">Ergo quantum vtili<lb></lb>tatis præbeat, & quàm ſubtilis ſit contem<lb></lb>platio radiorum, ex his omnibus patet: à <lb></lb>cæteris autem menſuris, vt de quibus tra<lb></lb>ctauerim in lib. 12. perfecti operis, nunc ab<lb></lb>ſtinebo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003462"><margin.target id="marg424"></margin.target>Lib.1. propo<lb></lb>ſitione 23.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003463"><margin.target id="marg425"></margin.target>Syderum <lb></lb>magnitudo <lb></lb>quomodo fa<lb></lb>cilè dignoſ<lb></lb>catur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.083.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/083/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003464"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER QVINTVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003465"><emph type="center"></emph>De Miſtione & Miſtis imperfectè, ſeu <lb></lb>Metallicis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003466">HACTENVS igitur quinque <lb></lb>fermè partes totius operis ſunt <lb></lb>abſolutæ, ſcilicet de principiis <lb></lb>occultioribus, materia, forma, <lb></lb>vacuo, corporum vnitione pri<lb></lb>mo. </s> <s id="s.003467">De elementis ſecundo, quoniam prin<lb></lb>cipia eſſent integra, abſoluta & manife<lb></lb>ſta. </s> <s id="s.003468">Tertio de cœlo. </s> <s id="s.003469">Quarto de lumine & <lb></lb>luce. </s> <s id="s.003470">Quintam partem, quæ eſt de his quæ <lb></lb>apparent, non plenè abſoluimus, cùm mul<lb></lb>ta deſint, quæ ad aures & alios ſenſus, tum <lb></lb>mentem & etiam ad oculos pertinent. </s> <s id="s.003471">Nunc <lb></lb>igitur de miſtis agendum erit: nam miſta <lb></lb>primis illis indigent, tum elementis de cœ<lb></lb>lo, & lumine, lucéque, propterea de illis <lb></lb>primùm tractauimus. </s> <s id="s.003472">Indigere autem miſta <lb></lb>ipſa cœlo, & quantum cœli conſtitutio in <lb></lb>hæc poſſit inferiora, manifeſtis argumentis <lb></lb>depræhendere licet. </s> <s id="s.003473">Nam farina quæ Augu<lb></lb>ſto menſe è frumento in mola confecta eſt, <lb></lb>toto anno apud nos ſeruari ſolet incorrupta. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg426"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Et zethum quod Martij luna fit, ferunt du<lb></lb>rare toto anno cum æſtate diebus 20. hyeme <lb></lb>duobus menſibus maneat incorruptum. </s> <s id="s.003474">Re<lb></lb>ferunt Gedanenſe zethum in decem annos, <lb></lb>nonnunquam in viginti perdurare, nec aceſ<lb></lb>cere, nec muceſcere, quod aqua Martia con<lb></lb>ficiatur: alia cauſa eſſe poteſt, quòd Martio <lb></lb>menſe ſemina adhuc viuunt lupi ſalictarij, <lb></lb>humidum autem tunc planè conſumptum <lb></lb>eſt: maximè enim diſtat à tempore, quo <lb></lb>collectum fuit ſemen illud, ob id efficacem <lb></lb>& minimè humidum biriam ſeu ceruiſiam <lb></lb>( ſic enim vocant Germani zethum ) effi<lb></lb>cere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.003475">Efficax eſt tunc ſemen, quo<lb></lb>niam ſoleat eo tempore pullulare. </s> <s id="s.003476">Infini<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg427"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta ſunt huius rei experimenta: nam Ver<lb></lb>giliæ herbæ cum ſtellis eiuſdem nomi<lb></lb>nis oriuntur & occidunt. </s> <s id="s.003477">Sed illud ſo<lb></lb>lum repetere cogor, miſta hæc omnia, <lb></lb>ſolo duntaxat homine excepto, terra & <lb></lb>aqua, & cœleſti calore conſtare. </s> <s id="s.003478">Ho<lb></lb>rum pars ſub terra latitat, alia in vndis, <lb></lb>alia verò ſupra terram: nunc autem de <lb></lb>his quæ natura latitant, dicere propoſitum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003479"><margin.target id="marg426"></margin.target>Lunæ pro ze<lb></lb>tho <expan abbr="conficiẽ-do">conficien<lb></lb>do</expan>, & farina <lb></lb>conſeruanda <lb></lb>obſeruatio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003480"><margin.target id="marg427"></margin.target>Vergiliarum <lb></lb>herbarum <lb></lb>mirum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003481">Plin. lib.18 <lb></lb>cap.27.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003482">Quæcunque igitur miſta ſub terra, aquiſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg428"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ve ſunt motus expertia, in quatuor genera <lb></lb>diuidunt, terras, ſuccos, lapides, metalla. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003483">Non poſſe autem plura eſſe, hoc oſtendi<lb></lb>tur argumento: nam vel liqueſcunt, & re<lb></lb>deuntia in propriam formam dura manent, <lb></lb>& hæc metalla vocantur. </s> <s id="s.003484">Nihil enim aliud <lb></lb>eſt metallum, quàm quod liqueſcere poteſt, <lb></lb>& cum redit, durum manet. </s> <s id="s.003485">Durum autem <lb></lb>duobus modis intelligo, quod non facilè ce<lb></lb>dat, nec facilè frangitur: tale autem omne <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt quod duci poteſt: vnde bitu<lb></lb>men ducitur, & non reſiſtit: cryſtallus reſiſtit, <lb></lb>& melius ſtibium, ſed non ducuntur, ideo <lb></lb>percuſſa facilè fraguntur. </s> <s id="s.003486">Quod verò liqueſ<lb></lb>cit, & dum redit, durum non eſt, ſuccus voca<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.003487">Quod omninò non liqueſcit, vel du<lb></lb>rum eſt, & vocatur lapis: vel molle, & <lb></lb>facillimè in minima tranſiens, & vocatur <lb></lb>terra. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003488"><margin.target id="marg428"></margin.target>Genera om<lb></lb>nia eorum <lb></lb>quæ ſub ter<lb></lb>ra <expan abbr="latẽt">latent</expan> qua<lb></lb>tuor eſſe de<lb></lb>monſtratur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003489">Præter hæc tamen quatuor, permiſta ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg429"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>his ſunt alia plura genera corporum. </s> <s id="s.003490">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi rectè qui numerare ſciat, vndecim, nec <lb></lb>plura eſſe comperiet. </s> <s id="s.003491">Simplicium exempla <pb pagenum="435" xlink:href="016/01/084.jpg"></pb>ſunt, ſucci ſulphur, lapidis cryſtallus, terræ <lb></lb>Lemnia, metalli argentum. </s> <s id="s.003492">Compoſitorum <lb></lb>autem exempla ſuo loco referam, ne inuti<lb></lb>liter repetere multa cogar. </s> <s id="s.003493">Simplicium au<lb></lb>tem neceſſaria exempla fuere, quia non de <lb></lb>omnibus primò ſum tractaturus: nam quæ<lb></lb>cunque ſolida manent, perfecta voco, vt <lb></lb>metalla & lapides, de quibus poſteriùs di<lb></lb>cturus ſum molliora autem, imperfecta, <lb></lb>tum miſta, tum ſuccos, & terras appel<lb></lb>lo, quæ metallica nuncupabo omnia, ad <lb></lb>differentiam lapidum & metallorum. </s> <s id="s.003494">De <lb></lb>metallicis igitur nunc primùm dicere aggre<lb></lb>diar, à terrarum generibus initium ducens. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg430"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003495"><margin.target id="marg429"></margin.target>Compoſita <lb></lb>corpora 11. <lb></lb>ſunt gene<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003496"><margin.target id="marg430"></margin.target>De terrarum <lb></lb>diſcrimini<lb></lb>bus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003497">Terrarum itaque genera ſunt, vel colo<lb></lb>ribus vel odore, vel vſu diſtantia. </s> <s id="s.003498">De his <lb></lb>quæ vſu diſtinguuntur generaliter ſuperius <lb></lb>dixemus. </s> <s id="s.003499">De aliis autem quæ colore diſtin<lb></lb>guuntur, etiam abſoluta eſt diſputatio: ſu<lb></lb>pereſt vt de vſu quarundam dicamus, tum <lb></lb>etiam de odore. </s> <s id="s.003500">Odoratæ terræ ſunt, quæ <arrow.to.target n="marg431"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>malè olent frequentes. </s> <s id="s.003501">Sunt enim omnes quæ <lb></lb>olent, metallicis partibus commiſtæ. </s> <s id="s.003502">Refert <lb></lb>tamen Agricola, Mariæbergi in Saxonia, <lb></lb>dum ex argentaria fodina diuorum Sebaſtia<lb></lb>ni & Fabiani, coram Henrico Saxonum <lb></lb>Principe erueretur argentum, tam fragran<lb></lb>tem odorem erupiſſe, vt Princeps exclama<lb></lb>uerit, Calecutum adeſſe: eſt enim ea vrbis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg432"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Indiæ, quæ odorata omnia mittit. </s> <s id="s.003503">In Mala<lb></lb>cha quoque orientalis Indiæ portu vaſa fiunt <lb></lb>è terra odorata valde, quæ tamen viliſſimo <lb></lb>venduntur pretio ob copiam. </s> <s id="s.003504">Aut forſan <lb></lb>etiam, quia magni omnes odores quantum<lb></lb>cunque boni, rerum tamen quæ eſui aptæ <lb></lb>non ſint, cibos reddunt inſuaues, ac quaſi <lb></lb>examinant. </s> <s id="s.003505">Cibi enim iucundi ſunt proprio <lb></lb>odore & moderato: hic ab externo tractus <lb></lb>ac euictus exhalat: quò fit vt rem relinquat <lb></lb>inſipidam & inſuauem. </s> <s id="s.003506">Experiri licet hoc <lb></lb>torta in cupreſſi vaſe recondita, vel ſi thus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg433"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>addatur. </s> <s id="s.003507">Alia verò gratiam addunt. </s> <s id="s.003508">At mali <lb></lb>odoris frequentiora ſunt exempla, adeóque <lb></lb>odores hi praui ſunt, vt etiam ſæuiant. </s> <s id="s.003509">An<lb></lb>næbergi enim in fodina argentea, cui nomen <lb></lb>erat Corona roſacea, vt idem refert, duode<lb></lb>cim homines repentè ſunt ſuffocati: vnde <lb></lb>relicta eſt magno metu, ne dæmones mali <lb></lb>illam inhabitarent: hoc enim illis perſua<lb></lb>ſum, cum ex odore terrarum, aut lapidum <lb></lb>hoc contingat: nam receptus in cerebro pro<lb></lb>tinus examinat: mirandum, ſubeſſe plera<lb></lb>que fœda in terræ viſceribus, velut & ani<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg434"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>malium ſtercora. </s> <s id="s.003510">Sed non ſolùm fœda, verum <lb></lb>& cuiuſcunque generis ſunt materiæ ſub illa <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg435"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>varij vſus. </s> <s id="s.003511">Vt olim in Britannia ex puteis ter<lb></lb>ra candida effodiebatur, non minus centum <lb></lb>paſſibus profundis, ex aqua poſtquam argen<lb></lb>tum detraxiſſes, inſperſi agri adeò fœcundi <lb></lb>reddebantur, vt ſemel in vita inſperſiſſe ſuffi<lb></lb>ceret. </s> <s id="s.003512">Itaque omnis terra quæ latet, velut & <lb></lb>hominum viſcera, alicui vſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.003513">Sed nos ha<lb></lb>rum rerum inquiſitionem, partim ob igno<lb></lb>rantiam, partim ob auaritiam negligere ſole<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.003514">Sunt vbique, dico etiam in vrbibus, ne<lb></lb>dum agris, lapides in terra varij, varijque <lb></lb>vſus terrarum genera, tum varij coloris me<lb></lb>tallica pleráque: ſed non in <expan abbr="mõtibus">montibus</expan> tantùm <lb></lb>quærimus. </s> <s id="s.003515">Indicio autem eſt ſic eſſe, cum quę <lb></lb>olim terræ infœcundæ haberentur, vt Ger<lb></lb>mania, argenti nunc ſit feraciſſima: aliæ de<lb></lb>ſierunt poſtquam feraces fuerant. </s> <s id="s.003516">Cauſa eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg436"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quod cum vbique metalla, & lapides, & ſucci <lb></lb>ſint, temporum ſucceſſu terra euaneſcente <lb></lb>deteguntur, alia creſcente occultantur, vt re<lb></lb>ctè videatur dixiſſe Anaxagoras, quaſi in om<lb></lb>nibus eſſe omnia, verùm in montibus præter <lb></lb>copiam, hoc eſt, vtilitatis, quæ aquæ ad hu<lb></lb>miliora loca, ſi quæ occurrant, facilè deriuan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.003517">In agris autem aquam quæ ſub terra ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg437"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nat, cùm exigua ſit, exhauriendo ſiccabimus <lb></lb>prius, inde muro aut ſaxis loca, ex quibus ma<lb></lb>nat, impediemus atque obſtruemus. </s> <s id="s.003518">Siçque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg438"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cuniculos ad euertenda oppida etiam ſub <lb></lb>aqua effodiunt, & foſſas ipſas fodiendo ſub <lb></lb>ipſis ſuperant. </s> <s id="s.003519">Alio modo per circuitus dedu<lb></lb>cta aqua, vt etiam apud Herodotum Cyrus <lb></lb>docetur à Crœſo flumina exinanimus, rurſus <lb></lb>tamen in priorem alueum inferius deducen<lb></lb>tes: eodem modo etiam ſub terra fluentes ri<lb></lb>uulos aliò auertere licebit, in eoſdem rurſus <lb></lb>deducentes, vt ſic effodere infra aquam poſ<lb></lb>ſimus. </s> <s id="s.003520">Sunt & loca humiliora, in quæ tradu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg439"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cimus <expan abbr="quandoq;">quandoque</expan> illam, non amplius reducen<lb></lb>tes: quo præſidio in montibus maximè vti <lb></lb>conceditur, ob loci altitudinem. </s> <s id="s.003521">Nam aqua <lb></lb>quæ paſſim ſub terra inuenitur, neque <expan abbr="admo-dũ">admo<lb></lb>dum</expan> profunda, nec æqualis, nec continua exi<lb></lb>ſtit. </s> <s id="s.003522">Quòd profunda non ſit, oſtendunt muro<lb></lb>rum fundamenta & ædium, quæ plerunque <lb></lb>ad terram quæ ſub aqua eſt, pertingunt. </s> <s id="s.003523">Quòd <lb></lb>non æqualis ſit altitudinis, diuerſitas profun<lb></lb>ditatis puteorum declarat. </s> <s id="s.003524">Quòd non conti<lb></lb>nua, ſed <expan abbr="frequẽtibus">frequentibus</expan> riuulis deriuetur, facilè <lb></lb>eſt intelligere, cùm duorum puteorum aquæ <lb></lb>vix ſenis paſſibus diſtantium admodum ſa<lb></lb>pore, & ſalubritate diſſideant. </s> <s id="s.003525">Deducuntur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg440"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>autem riuuli non recto tramite, ſed & ple<lb></lb>runque tortuoſi, vel ob alterius aquæ occur<lb></lb>ſum, vel ob lapides media in via conſtitutos, <lb></lb>vel quia cauitatem quandam in quam com<lb></lb>modius confluant aquæ inuenerunt. </s> <s id="s.003526">Ergo ſi <lb></lb>ſub ea fodere libeat, liceat (vt dixi) tribus mo<lb></lb>dis, tetráſque diuerſi generis, lapides, metal<lb></lb>la, ſuccos, ac reliqua huiuſmodi inuenire. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003527"><margin.target id="marg431"></margin.target>Terra bene <lb></lb>olens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003528"><margin.target id="marg432"></margin.target>Vaſa omnia <lb></lb>iucundi odo<lb></lb>ris qui <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> <lb></lb>à cibo ſit <lb></lb>alienus, cibos <lb></lb>reddunt in<lb></lb>ſuaues.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003529"><margin.target id="marg433"></margin.target>Terra malè <lb></lb>olens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003530"><margin.target id="marg434"></margin.target>Quid ſub <lb></lb>terra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003531"><margin.target id="marg435"></margin.target>Terra Bri<lb></lb>tannica.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003532"><margin.target id="marg436"></margin.target>Dies multa <lb></lb>detegit, alia <lb></lb>occultat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003533"><margin.target id="marg437"></margin.target>De aqua <lb></lb>ſub terra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003534"><margin.target id="marg438"></margin.target>Cuniculi ſub <lb></lb>aqua.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003535"><margin.target id="marg439"></margin.target>De aqua <lb></lb>quæ ſub ter<lb></lb>ra paſſim, <lb></lb>inuenitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003536"><margin.target id="marg440"></margin.target>Cur riuuli <lb></lb>aquarum <lb></lb>obliqui.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003537">Sed ad terrarum rurſus vſum deuenio. </s> <s id="s.003538">In <lb></lb>Valdeburgia Germaniæ, argillæ genus eſt <lb></lb>denſum ac pingue, tenuiſſimæque ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ, quod nec ignibus læditur, nec liquo<lb></lb>res ſorbet, nec exudat. </s> <s id="s.003539">Videntur enim fi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg441"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gulinorum vaſorum eſſe hæ quinque laudes, <lb></lb>vt ſint leuiſſima, vt non ſorbeant, vt non <lb></lb>exudent, vt non facilè frangantur, vt ignibus <lb></lb>reſiſtant. </s> <s id="s.003540">Mirum quàm parua diuerſitate, <lb></lb>quòd vaſa ſua ignibus non frangantur, Flo<lb></lb>rentini in condiendis cibis commodi aſſe<lb></lb>quantur: Mediolanenſes non: fiunt tamen <lb></lb>vbique, ſi quis rationem ſciat conficiendi <lb></lb>optima, ſcilicet è terra illa quæ ad figulina <lb></lb>vaſa pro liquandis metallis conficienda in <lb></lb>vſu eſt. </s> <s id="s.003541">Terra autem illa è lapide metallicam <lb></lb>partem continente fit. </s> <s id="s.003542">Quis enim dubitet, <lb></lb>vaſa quæ ſuſtinent auri & argenti liquati <lb></lb>vim, <expan abbr="coquẽdis">coquendis</expan> cibis non ſufficere? </s> <s id="s.003543">Itaque mi<lb></lb>hi ex tali terra lebetem pro vſu paraui, æter<lb></lb>nam propè rem, niſi concutiatur: nam ab ig<lb></lb>ne nihil patitur. </s> <s id="s.003544">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd <lb></lb>tenuem oportet eſſe argillam, imò tenuiſ<lb></lb>ſimam, & natura leuem ac pinguem. </s> <s id="s.003545">Hoc <lb></lb>genus ſi bene ſubigatur, ac diu, vaſa efficit <pb pagenum="436" xlink:href="016/01/085.jpg"></pb>myrrhinis proxima. </s> <s id="s.003546">Sunt autem myrrhina, <lb></lb>ea, quæ hodie vocantur Procellanæ, dicen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg442"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te Plinio: Oriens myrrhina mittit: inueniun<lb></lb>tur enim ibi in pluribus locis, nec inſigni<lb></lb>bus, maximè Parthici regni, præcipuè ta<lb></lb>men in Carmama. </s> <s id="s.003547">Humorem eſſe putant, ſub <lb></lb>terráque calore denſatum. </s> <s id="s.003548">Amplitudine nuſ<lb></lb>quam paruos excedunt abacos, craſſitudine <lb></lb>rarò quanta dictum eſt, neceſſaria vaſi po<lb></lb>torio: ſplendor his ſine viribus, nitórque ve<lb></lb>rius, quàm ſplendor. </s> <s id="s.003549">Sed in pretio varietas <lb></lb>colorum, ſubinde circumagentibus ſe macu<lb></lb>lis in purpuram, candorémque, & tertium <lb></lb>ex vtroque igneſcentem, veluti per tranſi<lb></lb>tum coloris purpura rubeſcente, aut lacte <lb></lb>candeſcente. </s> <s id="s.003550">Sunt qui maximè in his lau<lb></lb>dent extremitates, & quoſdam colorum re<lb></lb>percuſſus, quales in cœleſti arcu ſpectantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003551">His maculæ pingues placent. </s> <s id="s.003552">Tranſlucere <lb></lb>quicquam, aut pallere, vitium eſt. </s> <s id="s.003553">Item ſa<lb></lb>les, verrucæque non eminentes, ſed vt in <lb></lb>corpore etiam plerunque ſeſſiles. </s> <s id="s.003554">Aliqua & <lb></lb>in odore commendatio eſt. </s> <s id="s.003555">Ergo quis non <lb></lb>videt figulina hæc eſſe, & eius generis, quod <lb></lb>(vt dixi) hodie Procellanas ſolemus appella<lb></lb>re? </s> <s id="s.003556">conſtant enim & hæc, ex ſucco quo<lb></lb>dam ſub terra denſato, & ex Orien<lb></lb>te vehuntur. </s> <s id="s.003557">At noſtra pallidiora ſunt, & <lb></lb>odore carent, & quæ ex his etiam tranſlu<lb></lb>cent, magis probantur, foliiſque ac imagini<lb></lb>bus placent, nullúmque purpuræ veſtigium: <lb></lb>quæ omnia videntur ab antiqua myrrhina <lb></lb>diſſidere, verùm temporum varietas & opifi<lb></lb>cum, tum vſus, hoc pepererunt. </s> <s id="s.003558">Nam pre<lb></lb>tium fecit copiam, dum multitudinem auge<lb></lb>re ſtudent: cùm verò materia deeſſet nobi<lb></lb>lior, aliam ſuppoſuêre: inde excogitata pi<lb></lb>ctura, reſarciendæ vtilitatis cauſa, ita honos, <lb></lb>ac ſynceritas vaſis deceſſit. </s> <s id="s.003559">Aut enim vilior <lb></lb>materia, aut non eadem, vel omninò impu<lb></lb>rior, aut non adeò elaborata, aut vaſa ipſa <lb></lb>ante tempus eruta, ob lucri cupiditatem mo<lb></lb>ræ impatientibus: vtcunque res ſe habeat, & <lb></lb>pretium, & locus, & materia, & modus quo <lb></lb>fiunt, eadem eſſe docet hæc myrrhinis. </s> <s id="s.003560">Nunc <lb></lb>longo Indiæ tractu fiunt, maximè apud <lb></lb>Chinam: hi olim Seres, vt alibi dictum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003561">Fieri dicuntur ex conchyliorum, atque ouo<lb></lb>rum corticibus, ſepeliuntúrque conſtanti <lb></lb>fama in 80. vel 100. annos, quaſi hæredi<lb></lb>tatum loco. </s> <s id="s.003562">Inde eruta obducuntur vitro ne <lb></lb>combibant. </s> <s id="s.003563">Succi autem quibus cortices ex<lb></lb>cipiuntur, non ſatis noti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.003564">Pinguntur <lb></lb>etiam antequàm vitrum ſuperaddatur. </s> <s id="s.003565">In<lb></lb>certum eſt an excoquantur, ob nitorem ac <lb></lb>duritiem. </s> <s id="s.003566">Maiora in pretio ſunt, ſed multum <lb></lb>ab antiquis degenerant. </s> <s id="s.003567">Et quamvis ita ſit, <lb></lb>non tamen minus eſt ſuperbum his cœnare, <lb></lb>quàm auratis, atque argenteis vaſis, ſeu <lb></lb>quòd raritas, & labor ea commendauerint: <lb></lb>ſeu quòd conſtans fama ſit, non ferre ve<lb></lb>nenum. </s> <s id="s.003568">Atque huic & Lemniæ maior no<lb></lb>bilitas inter terrarum genera, aut argilla<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg443"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.003569">Lemnos inſula noſtri maris eſt: mons <lb></lb>qui eam gignit, nec lapidem habet, nec <lb></lb>arborem, vtilis cruentis fluxibus, & vlce<lb></lb>ribus, ſed magis venenis. </s> <s id="s.003570">Ob id arborem <lb></lb>non alit, quoniam ſicciſſima eſt: nec in lapi<lb></lb>dem coit, quoniam adeò eſt tenuis ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ, vt non excipiat aquam, ſed potius ab <lb></lb>aqua excipitur. </s> <s id="s.003571">Habet & pinguedinis ali<lb></lb>quid, qua venenis reſiſtat. </s> <s id="s.003572">Manifeſtum verò <lb></lb>ex his, quoniam arte talem efficere poſſu<lb></lb>mus: vt ſi argillam communem diu contun<lb></lb>damus, ac aquâ in aqua ſcordion & iunipe<lb></lb>ri ſemen incocta ſint, aſpergamus, in tu<lb></lb>mulóſque formemus, denuò etiam <expan abbr="tundẽtes">tundentes</expan>, <lb></lb>inſpergentes, ac in tumulos cogentes, ac ſic<lb></lb>cantes. </s> <s id="s.003573">Feret vtique temporis iactura com<lb></lb>modum, & ſarciet. </s> <s id="s.003574">Nam Lemniæ ſphragidis <lb></lb>pretium eſt pro auri pondere, adeò creuit in <lb></lb>immenſum res viliſſima, vbi deſiit ob rarita<lb></lb>tem eſſe communis: intercepta enim ambi<lb></lb>tione principalium medicorum, qui regi O<lb></lb>rientis aſſiſtunt, nobilior haberi cæpit. </s> <s id="s.003575">Nec <lb></lb>tamen olet, hoc enim rarum eſt terris, atque <lb></lb>aquis omnibus. </s> <s id="s.003576">Nam vt benè oleant, tenui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg444"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humido, ac bene concocto opus eſt. </s> <s id="s.003577">Aquæ <lb></lb>humidum bene concoctum eſſe non poteſt, <lb></lb>quòd plurimùm ſit terræ, quòd non ſit te<lb></lb>nuis. </s> <s id="s.003578">Odor (vt dixi) ſuauis non eſt: admiſtis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg445"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tamen quibuſdam, contingit terram, aut <lb></lb>aquam bene olere. </s> <s id="s.003579">Quamobrem manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt, terram & aquam etiamſi bene oleant, <lb></lb>breui odorem amittere, vt contingit aquæ <lb></lb>roſaceæ, & magis violaceæ. </s> <s id="s.003580">Terræ igitur, <lb></lb>& aquæ maxima pars odore caret, ma<lb></lb>gna eſt etiam quæ grauiter olet, minima quæ <lb></lb>bene. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003581"><margin.target id="marg441"></margin.target>Vaſa figuli<lb></lb>na optima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003582"><margin.target id="marg442"></margin.target>Lib. 37. na<lb></lb>tur. hiſtor. <lb></lb>cap.2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003583"><margin.target id="marg443"></margin.target>Lemnia <lb></lb>terra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003584"><margin.target id="marg444"></margin.target>Cur terra ra<lb></lb>rò benè oleat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003585"><margin.target id="marg445"></margin.target>Aquæ cur ce<lb></lb>leriter <expan abbr="odorẽ">odorem</expan> <lb></lb>bonum amit<lb></lb>tant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003586">Proxima Lemniæ eſt Armenia. </s> <s id="s.003587">Hæc ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg446"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rius Samia eſt, quàm Armenia: nam non <lb></lb>ex Armenia, ſed propius aduehitur. </s> <s id="s.003588">Nec ta<lb></lb>men Lemnia eſt. </s> <s id="s.003589">Samiæ autem deſcriptio<lb></lb>ne Galeni ad vnguem reſpondet: nam ſub<lb></lb>rubra eſt, & egregiè ſiccat: ob id peſtilen<lb></lb>tibus morbis & tabi illi quæ vlcere pulmo<lb></lb>nis prouenit, ſalutaris. </s> <s id="s.003590">Nam & ob eandem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg447"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cauſam carbunculi, ſmaragdi, ſapphyri, <lb></lb>hyacinthi, margaritæ, corallique vtiles ſunt <lb></lb>in peſte, quòd vehementer ſcilicet ſiccent: <lb></lb>verùm vt minus Armenio luto id agunt, <lb></lb>ita ſpiritui vitali reparando ſunt vtiliores <lb></lb>lapides. </s> <s id="s.003591">Eſt igitur Armenium lutum ſicciſ<lb></lb>ſimum, ac moderatè frigidum, minimè <lb></lb>acre, ſed tamen tenuiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.003592">Ob id etiam <lb></lb>venenis erodentibus ſalutare, vt cantha<lb></lb>ridibus: item putrefacientibus, vt marino <lb></lb>lepori. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003593"><margin.target id="marg446"></margin.target>Armenia <lb></lb>terra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003594"><margin.target id="marg447"></margin.target>Gemmæ cur <lb></lb>in peſte vti<lb></lb>les.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003595">Eſt & Apuliæ lutum rubrum, & Armenio <lb></lb>viribus non abſimile, eò tamen longè im<lb></lb>becillis. </s> <s id="s.003596">Quid tamen prohibet, ne meliùs <lb></lb>reddatur etiam Armenio? </s> <s id="s.003597">Elue igitur Apuli<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg448"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cum lutum, repurga ab arena, inde diligen<lb></lb>ter ſiccatum aceto accerrimo, & olei par<lb></lb>te ſexta excipe, vt in formam pultis redi<lb></lb>gatur. </s> <s id="s.003598">Sepelies autem humido loco in mul<lb></lb>tos annos. </s> <s id="s.003599">Ergo aduerſus venena <expan abbr="medicamẽ-ta">medicamen<lb></lb>ta</expan> tum vermes hac ratione conficies, terra <lb></lb>argillacea puriſſima, oleo, aceto, ſcordio, <lb></lb>iuniperi ſemine, gentiana, diptamo, con<lb></lb>tundendo diu, inde ſepeliendo in multos <lb></lb>annos. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003600"><margin.target id="marg448"></margin.target>Modus <expan abbr="faciẽdi ">facien<lb></lb>di</expan> lutum <expan abbr="armeniũ">ar<lb></lb>menium</expan> artifi<lb></lb>cioſum natu<lb></lb>rali præſtan<lb></lb>tius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003601">Quæret forſitan aliquis, quid iuuet ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg449"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vitam tam diuturna ſepultura? </s> <s id="s.003602">Eadem pro<lb></lb>fectò quæ in montibus ad metallicorum ge<lb></lb>nerationem cauſa conducit. </s> <s id="s.003603">Sed viuacior <lb></lb>in montibus tamen, ob plures cauſas. </s> <s id="s.003604">Nam <lb></lb>montes vitæ quandam habent ſpeciem, <lb></lb>cùm ſaxis conſtent. </s> <s id="s.003605">Saxa autem viuere do<lb></lb>cebimus: vbi autem vita, ibi etiam omnis <pb pagenum="437" xlink:href="016/01/086.jpg"></pb>naturalis generatio promptior eſt. </s> <s id="s.003606">Accedit <lb></lb>quòd montium vires non exhauriuntur li<lb></lb>gonibus, raſtris, aratro: nec vllo modo ho<lb></lb>minum induſtria perſpirate coguntur. </s> <s id="s.003607">Eſt <lb></lb>etiam montium ſolidior ſubſtantia, vnde ca<lb></lb>lor ille melius continetur, qui in agris ob <lb></lb>terræ mollitiem difflatur. </s> <s id="s.003608">Eſſe autem calo<lb></lb>rem illum cœleſtem, iam docuimus, tum <lb></lb>quia igneus, ac putridus parum alter, reli<lb></lb>quus nulla ex parte generationi vtilis eſt, <lb></lb>tum etiam, quod videmus, in Oriente, & Me<lb></lb>ridie gemmas nobiliores & aurum perfectiſ<lb></lb>ſimum magis generari. </s> <s id="s.003609">Quinetiam ſi quis <lb></lb>eiuſdem generis gemmas conferat in Orien<lb></lb>te, ac Meridie genitas, vt carbunculos & <lb></lb>amethyſtos, cum his quos Germania mittit, <lb></lb>mirum in modum differre, & duritie, & <lb></lb>ſplendore animaduertet, atque adeò vehe<lb></lb>menter, vt non eiuſdem generis eſſe putet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg450"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cauſa eſt, quòd Oriens calidior ſit, & humi<lb></lb>dior, pinguiórque. </s> <s id="s.003610">Ergo ſi ſeminibus hæc <lb></lb>generarentur, aut igneus ille calor eſſet, aut <lb></lb>putridus, quandoquidem & in Iſlandia inſu<lb></lb>la ſub Septentrione ardeant montes, quòd <lb></lb>prohiberet perfectiſſimas gemmas generari, <lb></lb>tum etiam auro abundare? </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003611"><margin.target id="marg449"></margin.target>Cur in mon<lb></lb>tibus metal<lb></lb>lica generen<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003612"><margin.target id="marg450"></margin.target>Cauſa cur <lb></lb>aurum & <lb></lb>gemmæ in <lb></lb>oriente, & <lb></lb>meridie ma<lb></lb>gis generen<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003613">Sunt etiam in montibus niues, & diutur<lb></lb>na glacies, quæ calorem in imo recundunt, <lb></lb>& læta omnia ob id faciunt, cùm in campis <lb></lb>calor diſſoluatur ab aëris externo calore: <lb></lb>quò fit vt ad montes redeam, vt hi metalli<lb></lb>corum generationi ſint magis parati, Nec <lb></lb>etiam illorum vis arboribus, herbiſve exina<lb></lb>nitur: ſteriles enim magis ſunt, montes cam<lb></lb>pis, etiamſi ſint fertiliſſimi. </s> <s id="s.003614">Aqua etiam & <lb></lb>humidum ob accliuem ſitum magis defluunt <lb></lb>ex montibus, quorum copia in ſuperficie <lb></lb>agrorum, generatio metallorum impe<lb></lb>ditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003615">At dices: modò inter cauſas cur campi <lb></lb>metallica non gignant, enumeraſti, quòd <lb></lb>humidum abſumitur, modò humidi copiam <lb></lb>in eis rurſus metallicorum generationi ob<lb></lb>ſtare cenſes. </s> <s id="s.003616">Et hercle vtrunque verum eſt: <lb></lb>nam humidum pingue, quò magis abun<lb></lb>dat, eò fertilius redditur ſolum, non ſo<lb></lb>lùm metallorum, ſed & plantarum: aqueum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg451"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>autem impedit. </s> <s id="s.003617">Cauſa huius eſt, quòd <lb></lb>humidum generationi aptum, calidum <lb></lb>etiam eſſe oportet. </s> <s id="s.003618">Aqueum autem humi<lb></lb>dum, frigidum eſt, & concoctioni con<lb></lb>tumax. </s> <s id="s.003619">Ideò calidæ regiones, vbi abunda<lb></lb>uerint aquis, omnes fertiliſſimæ: quoniam <lb></lb>aqueum humidum calore Solis celeriter in <lb></lb>pingue tranſint: in frigidis verò locis <lb></lb>aqua multa ſterilitatem parit, & agros re<lb></lb>frigerat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003620"><margin.target id="marg451"></margin.target>Humidum <lb></lb>pingue gene<lb></lb>rationi ido<lb></lb>neum, a<lb></lb>queum in<lb></lb>utile.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003621">Eadémque ratio fermè eſt in temporibus, <lb></lb>Nam Prata æſtate gaudent aquis: hyeme <lb></lb>autem tardiùs pullulare herbas, facit irri<lb></lb>gatio aſſidua: itaque conſtat campos, ſi ad <lb></lb>montes comparentur, aquei humidi plus ha<lb></lb>bere, & minùs pinguis. </s> <s id="s.003622">Itaque & montes <lb></lb>arborum, & vitium feraces, vix metallicis <lb></lb>abundare videbis, niſi in profundo, quòd <lb></lb>pingue humidum à plantis abſumatur: vbi <lb></lb>verò lapides maximi & ſolidi, humidum diu <lb></lb>ſaxis contentum, ac tenuiſſimum diſtillans, <lb></lb>concreſcit in nobiles gemmas. </s> <s id="s.003623">Et ob id <lb></lb>ſplendidiores gemmæ <expan abbr="plerũque">plerunque</expan> inter duriſſi<lb></lb>ma, & maxima ſaxa inueniuntur. </s> <s id="s.003624">Illud etiam <lb></lb>tot montium commodis ad metallicorum ge<lb></lb>nerationem adiicitur, quòd montes vbi du<lb></lb>centis, aut trecentis paſſibus effoderis, ad<lb></lb>huc ſuper terra eſſe dicere te poſſis: atque <lb></lb>inde aquas à latere, & terram iam effoſſam <lb></lb>faciliùs deriuare ac transferre, In plano <lb></lb>rurſus hic labor duplicatus eſt: nec vt in <lb></lb>montibus ruinis locum licet patefacere, nec <lb></lb>facilè diuinare potes vbi metallica ia<lb></lb>ceant, nec inuenta perſequi, vt in edito lo<lb></lb>co, quoniam nullis ſignis à lateribus iuuari <lb></lb>potes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003625">His tot tantiſque cauſis planis pauci ope<lb></lb>ram dant, etſi vbique ſint metallica: mon<lb></lb>tibus plurimi excauandis incumbunt. </s> <s id="s.003626">Nam <lb></lb>labor vnus eſt, inueniſſe locum & genus me<lb></lb>talli: alter longè maior, truncum fodinæ <lb></lb>ſcire. </s> <s id="s.003627">Hoc autem ex editiore loco cognouiſ<lb></lb>ſe ſolùm, laborioſiſſimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.003628">Etenim vt al<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg452"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tius rem ipſam repetam, quum ſub terra (vt <lb></lb>dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> paſſim aquæ riuuli fluant, ac rurſus <lb></lb>ſub aqua terra, in qua plerunque metallica <lb></lb>in planis iacent, rurſus etiam ſub terra il<lb></lb>la aquam plerique eſſe exiſtimant, vt etiam <lb></lb>ſub imo maris aquas dulces aliqui eſſe <lb></lb>crediderint, quamvis difficili experimen<lb></lb>to: aliáſque vt audio fruſtra tentatum Ve<lb></lb>netiis, nondum conſtante quæſito, an ſub <lb></lb>priore aqua alia ſit. </s> <s id="s.003629">Cuius rei argumentum <lb></lb>mihi eſſe videtur, quòd homini etiam in <lb></lb>imo corporis venæ ſint. </s> <s id="s.003630">Et Arethuſam flu<lb></lb>uium referunt ab Elide ſub Alphei nomine <lb></lb>venientem emergere in Sicilia iuxta Syracu<lb></lb>ſas mari præteruectum. </s> <s id="s.003631">Sunt qui fontem A<lb></lb>rethuſam vocent potius quam fluuium. </s> <s id="s.003632">Aquę <lb></lb>etiam inſulis dulces id perſuadere poſſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003633">Denique cùm in montium iugis aquam, <lb></lb>tum in imo etiam emergere videamus, quid <lb></lb>aliud de terra poſſumus coniectari? </s> <s id="s.003634">cùm <lb></lb>mons, ſeu terrâ ſit ſepultus, ſeu emineat, <lb></lb>eandem habeat rationem, in eóque indicio <lb></lb>hoc argumentum demonſtrat. </s> <s id="s.003635">Quid autem <lb></lb>prohibuerit, ne Venetiis aquam inuenerint <lb></lb>dulcem, non ſat ſcio. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003636"><margin.target id="marg452"></margin.target>An ſub aqua <lb></lb>prima quæ <lb></lb>ſub terra eſt, <lb></lb>alia ſit <lb></lb>aqua.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003637">Sed ſunt qui etiam modicum aquæ dulcis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg453"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hauriant è mari, auctore Ariſtotele, nec fal<lb></lb>ſo experimento. </s> <s id="s.003638">Demittitur enim vaſculum <lb></lb>cereum ſatis craſſum, & vndique occluſum, <lb></lb>quòd vbi diu in mari manſerit, aquam ad<lb></lb>mittit, ſal non admittit, inde dulcis aqua, <lb></lb>& potui commoda extrahitur: nam aqua <lb></lb>dum tenuis eſt, ingreditur: ſal quòd terre<lb></lb>ſtre ſit, prohibetur à cera. </s> <s id="s.003639">Inuentum refe<lb></lb>runt quod ſalem trahat velut lactis pinguius <lb></lb>à coagulo, magno nauium commodo, ſi ve<lb></lb>rum ſit, cùm ex ſalſa vbique dulcem aquam <lb></lb>efficere liceat. </s> <s id="s.003640">Neque valde mirum, ſalem <lb></lb>trahi ac cogi, cùm attractio in lacte (vt do<lb></lb>cebimus) <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> proprietate, ſed calore fiat. </s> <s id="s.003641">Dul<lb></lb>cis igitur aqua tot modis ex ſalſa conficitur, <lb></lb>quot modis à ſale aqua purgari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.003642">Poteſt <lb></lb>autem tribus modis: ſi deſcendat, ſi cogatur, <lb></lb>ſi percoletur. </s> <s id="s.003643">Forſan & quartum quendam <lb></lb>modum licebit inuenire, ſcilicet, ſi actis <lb></lb>vis ſalis obtundatur. </s> <s id="s.003644">Sed in pauco forſan <lb></lb>poſſibile eſt, in multo fieri non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.003645">Di<lb></lb>ximus nunc, tum aliàs, quomodo percole<lb></lb>tur: vt verò imum petat, longa quies facit, <lb></lb>ſed antea putreſcit: reliquum eſt igitur, vt <pb pagenum="438" xlink:href="016/01/087.jpg"></pb>doceamus quomodo cogatur. </s> <s id="s.003646">Cogitur autem <lb></lb>à calido, non quidem diſſipante, ſed attra<lb></lb>hente. </s> <s id="s.003647">Id autem inferius docebimus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003648"><margin.target id="marg453"></margin.target>2. Meteor. </s> <s id="s.003649">1. <lb></lb>Quomodo <lb></lb>aqua dulcis <lb></lb>in mari ha<lb></lb>beatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003650">Itaque vt ad rem propoſitam reuertar, ſub <lb></lb>aqua, prima fit miſtio in terra, & ( vt di<lb></lb>xi ) in montibus maximé, & miſtorum di<lb></lb>uerſorum generatio. </s> <s id="s.003651">Miſtio autem eſt pro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg454"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>priè hîc dicta. </s> <s id="s.003652">Nam cùm quatuor modis <lb></lb>contingat: alia enim eſt diſſimilium, for<lb></lb>mámque mutantium, & vocatur generatio <lb></lb>de qua hîc ſermonem habebimus: alia ve<lb></lb>rò eorum quæ ſunt diſſimilia, nec formam <lb></lb>mutant omnia, quæ ſi liquidorum ſit, vo<lb></lb>catur craſſis, vt cùm aqua & vinum miſcen<lb></lb>tur: ſi autem ſit ſiccorum, vocatur miſtio, vt <lb></lb>cùm milium, & triticum, & auena ſimul iun<lb></lb>guntur: & ſi ſimilia ſint, aceruus vocabi<lb></lb>tur: & hoc eſt quartum miſtionis genus, <lb></lb>vt cùm frumentum ſimul cogitur in cu<lb></lb>mulum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003653"><margin.target id="marg454"></margin.target>Quadruplex <lb></lb>miſtionis ge<lb></lb>nus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003654">Antequàm autem de perfecta loquar mi<lb></lb>ſtione, de craſi, vt ſenſui magis manifeſta, <lb></lb>ſermonem ſum habiturus. </s> <s id="s.003655">Diximus vinum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg455"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aquæ miſtum per craſim miſceri: nam cum <lb></lb>neutra ſubſtantia pereat, forma etiam vini <lb></lb>remanet. </s> <s id="s.003656">Itaque ne corporum mutuus da<lb></lb>retur ingreſſus, aut diuiſio ad minima, ita <lb></lb>vt corpora conſtarent ex indiuiduis parti<lb></lb>bus, neceſſe fuit, vt rectè Ariſtoteles de <lb></lb>augmento cenſet, formam augeri, non au<lb></lb>tem materiam. </s> <s id="s.003657">Nam cùm minimo aliquid <lb></lb>adiicitur, totum miſceri eſt impoſſibile. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003658">Nam ſi formæ corporeæ miſcerentur, cor<lb></lb>pora ſe penetrarent. </s> <s id="s.003659">Sed vt in vino aquæ mi<lb></lb>ſto forma vini vbique conſpicitur, tametſi <lb></lb>vini corpus vbique non ſit, ſic contingit in <lb></lb>vera miſtione: nam ( vt dixi ) aqua non ve<lb></lb>rè vino miſcetur. </s> <s id="s.003660">Eorum enim quæ verè <lb></lb>miſcentur, formas omnes ſaltem ex parte <lb></lb>perire neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.003661">At vini forma nequaquam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg456"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>perit. </s> <s id="s.003662">Oſtendit experimentum, aquam vino <lb></lb>non perfectè miſceri. </s> <s id="s.003663">Quòd ſi linteum vino <lb></lb>aquæ miſto imponatur, promineátque extra <lb></lb>vrceum, aqua è vaſe tota aſcendit per lin<lb></lb>teum, ſyncerúmque relinquit in calice vi<lb></lb>num. </s> <s id="s.003664">Quo experimento proditur dilutum <lb></lb>à puro: nec poſſet hoc fieri, ſi vnum, & <lb></lb>aqua miſcerentur. </s> <s id="s.003665">Rurſus aqua calicis imum <lb></lb>petit, ob idque inſipidus in fundo potus: & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg457"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>melius ong è, aquæ vinum, quàm vino <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> <lb></lb>ſuperinfundere. </s> <s id="s.003666">Atſi ſenſim vinum aquæ <lb></lb>imponas, ſupernatabit non ſolùm argumen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg458"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>to dicto, ſed quòd ſi aquæ panis cruſtulum <lb></lb>priùs ſuperimponens ſuper cruſtulum ſen<lb></lb>ſim effundas vinum, videbis non obſcurè <lb></lb>etiam detracto cruſtulo vinum aquæ ſu<lb></lb>pernatare, nulla prorſus miſtione inita. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003667">Ergo licet hæc tria ſeorſum in calice inſpi<lb></lb>cere: atque vinum ſub oleo, & ſub vino <lb></lb>aquam. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003668"><margin.target id="marg455"></margin.target>Craſis quo<lb></lb>modo fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003669"><margin.target id="marg456"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>aqua à vino <lb></lb>ſeparetur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003670"><margin.target id="marg457"></margin.target>Quo pacto <lb></lb>vinum miſ<lb></lb>cendum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003671"><margin.target id="marg458"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>aquæ vinum <lb></lb>in calce ſu<lb></lb>perſtet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003672">Oleum, vi<lb></lb>num, aqua, <lb></lb>quod ex his <lb></lb>tenuius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003673">Quamobrem quærere iurè licet, quid ex <lb></lb>his tenuius. </s> <s id="s.003674">Nam loci cauſa, ſi quòd le<lb></lb>uius eſt ſuperſtat, oleum vino, vinum aqua <lb></lb>leuius eſt. </s> <s id="s.003675">Suadet & hoc, quòd oleum <lb></lb>promptè ardeat, aqua nunquam, vinum <lb></lb>medio modo ſe habet. </s> <s id="s.003676">Accedit quòd vinum <lb></lb>oleo, Galeno teſte, parte nona eſt grauius: <lb></lb>cùm enim vas olei libras nouem continens, <lb></lb>effuſo oleo vino impleueris, vinum pondus <lb></lb>decem librarum æquabit. </s> <s id="s.003677">Itaque nihil oleo <lb></lb>ad vitæ longitudinem præſtantius, quòd te<lb></lb>nuiſſimum ſit, pinguiſſimum, ac excremen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg459"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>torum expers: vnde fit, vt propter pingue<lb></lb>dinem, ac tenuitatem, calorem naturalem <lb></lb>maximè accendat: ob ſinceritatem autem, <lb></lb>calorem ipſum minimè fatiget, & vias non <lb></lb>obſtruat. </s> <s id="s.003678">Quæ duo impedimenta, ad vitæ <lb></lb>breuitatem multum faciunt. </s> <s id="s.003679">Valeat igitur <lb></lb>mulſum, cum oleo, vti licuerit. </s> <s id="s.003680">Optimum <lb></lb>enim eſt, nulla prorſus excrementa gigne<lb></lb>re: quòd illi proximum eſt, genita protinus <lb></lb>eieciſſe. </s> <s id="s.003681">Tantum enim detrimenti affert ex<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg460"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>crementa retinuiſſe, vt vrina retenta lapi<lb></lb>dem ſoleat procreare: ob id ludo, lectioni<lb></lb>bus, ſcribendó que aſſueti, facilè eo morbi <lb></lb>genere corripiuntur. </s> <s id="s.003682">Non expellere verò <lb></lb>ſuperflua, quandoque etiam mortem affert <lb></lb>præſentaneum. </s> <s id="s.003683">Oleum igitur vitæ tot mo<lb></lb>dis conducit. </s> <s id="s.003684">Quartum tenuitatis olei argu<lb></lb>mentum eſt, quòd facilè penetret. </s> <s id="s.003685">Seris <lb></lb>ob id imponitur, vt facilè vertantur claues. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg461"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Contraria ratione halinitrum ceræ miſtum <lb></lb>liquefactæ prohibet, ne omninò ocreæ tranſ<lb></lb>mittant aquam, ſi ipſis diu ad ignem ac <lb></lb>diligenter imbuantur: oportet autem hali<lb></lb>nitrum tenuiſſimè contritum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.003686">At ſi ce<lb></lb>ræ pingue aliquid miſcueris, adhuc melius <lb></lb>erit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003687"><margin.target id="marg459"></margin.target>Oleum, pro<lb></lb>ducendæ vi<lb></lb>tæ maximè <lb></lb>conducere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003688"><margin.target id="marg460"></margin.target>Lapides ve<lb></lb>ſicæ cur ge<lb></lb>nerentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003689"><margin.target id="marg461"></margin.target>Ocreæ ab <lb></lb>aqua immu<lb></lb>nes quomodo <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003690">Sed ad propoſitam diſputationem redeo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003691">Namque tria ſunt, quæ aquam & oleo, & <lb></lb>vno tenuiorem eſſe oſtendunt. </s> <s id="s.003692">Primùm, <lb></lb>quòd ſi aqua & oleum miſceantur, ignique <lb></lb>in vaſe ſuperponantur, priùs tota abſumi<lb></lb>tur aqua, quàm olei fermè ſtilla, cùm ta<lb></lb>men aqua frigiditate ſua magis repugnet, & <lb></lb>in imo poſita minus recipiat caloris, cùm <lb></lb>lebes ibi frigeat, nec vix poſſit exhalare <lb></lb>oleo oppreſſa, etiamſi in aërem vertatur. </s> <s id="s.003693">Se<lb></lb>cundum, quòd vt quis aquam ebiberit æſta<lb></lb>te, protinus per ſudorem prodit: non ſic <lb></lb>oleum, vinúmve. </s> <s id="s.003694">Tertium, quòd ſit magis <lb></lb>perſpicua vtriſque. </s> <s id="s.003695">Sed perſpicuitatis cau<lb></lb>ſa eſt, quòd colore careat: celeris reſolu<lb></lb>tionis, quòd minimè pinguis ſit: ſudoris, <lb></lb>quòd non nutritat, & quòd ob frigus ca<lb></lb>lidum iam diſſolutum humorem foras pro<lb></lb>trudat: neque ipſa exit, ſed tantum mo<lb></lb>do expellit feruentem humoris ſeroſam par<lb></lb>tem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003696">At dices Ariſtotelem ſentire, quòd aqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg462"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>oleo ſit tenuior. </s> <s id="s.003697">Sed per tenue, rarum ac <lb></lb>minimè viſcidum, vel etiam non coactum <lb></lb>intellexit. </s> <s id="s.003698">Vinum forſan aquæ, quòd ſu<lb></lb>pernatet, præferet: id tamen non demon<lb></lb>ſtrat: nam & pinguedo aquæ ſuperſtat, quo<lb></lb>niam coacta eſt: nec enim deſcendit quod <lb></lb>tenax eſt, vt nec tenuis plumbea lamina: <lb></lb>nam quæ pinguia ſunt, non merguntur, <lb></lb>etiam ſi grauiora eſſent, non ſolùm quòd aë<lb></lb>rem contineant, ſed etiam quòd ſimul deſ<lb></lb>cendere coguntur. </s> <s id="s.003699">His omnibus ſerum eſt <lb></lb>longè tenuius, nam ſi ferueat, celerri<lb></lb>mè abſumitur: vnde plus multo aſſumere <lb></lb>ſolent in decoctis: aut his maximè con<lb></lb>gruit, quæ non diu coqui poſtulant. </s> <s id="s.003700">Ergo <lb></lb>talia cùm vix miſceantur, craſim nunquam <lb></lb>facient. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003701"><margin.target id="marg462"></margin.target>Lib. de ſenſu <lb></lb>& ſenſili.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003702">Eadem ratione nec vino lac miſcetur. </s> <s id="s.003703">So<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg463"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lent enim corruptum vinum in vas mun<lb></lb>dum transferre, lactiſque partem decimam <pb pagenum="439" xlink:href="016/01/088.jpg"></pb>ſenſim adiicere, inde poſt dies octo reſerato <lb></lb>vaſe minutim vendere, cumque clarum & <lb></lb>bonum videatur: ſi tamen diutiùs moretur <lb></lb>in calice, vel vaſe, denuò corrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.003704">Re<lb></lb>linquit etiam quòd effuſum eſt in calcis <lb></lb>margine butyroſam pinguedinem, ob quam <lb></lb>fraus detegitur. </s> <s id="s.003705">Eſt tamen lucroſa fraus. </s> <s id="s.003706">Si <lb></lb>tamen prohibere potiùs conſilium eſt an<lb></lb>tequam conturbetur, ne putreſcat, decima <lb></lb>pars ardentis aquæ immiſta, efficit: meliùs <lb></lb>longè ſulphur, ſed odore prodit dolum: me<lb></lb>mini me bibiſſe. </s> <s id="s.003707">Idem poteſt alumen: ſed <lb></lb>noxia ambo, valetudini vehementer ob<lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.003708">In vniuerſum autem, vt dicam, cla<lb></lb>rant vinum quæcunque grauia ſunt, aut <lb></lb>lenta: lenta, vt lac, & oui candidum: ob id <lb></lb>liquores omnes illo immiſto repurgantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003709">Grauia autem dum imum petunt, cuiuſmo<lb></lb>di ſunt lapides fluminum cocti, donec ſcin<lb></lb>dantur, & in puluerem redacti: quoniam <lb></lb>enim miſcentur, ſicci ſunt, trahunt quic<lb></lb>quid lutoſum eſt: ab hoc enim fit turbu<lb></lb>lentum. </s> <s id="s.003710">Cùm verò traxerint, deſcendunt in <lb></lb>vino ad fundum, & vinum repurgant. </s> <s id="s.003711">Igi<lb></lb>tur & hoc idem ſal efficere poterit, ſed ſa<lb></lb>pore prodit fraudem, & vinum inſuauius <lb></lb>reddit. </s> <s id="s.003712">Facilè eſt etiam omnia vina adultera<lb></lb>ta metallicis dignoſcere. </s> <s id="s.003713">Nam in calice ho<lb></lb>ris relicta 24. fundum ob grauitatem pe<lb></lb>tente metallico, vina inſtar vappæ red<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg464"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>duntur, colore euaneſcente. </s> <s id="s.003714">Sed ſi melle vi<lb></lb>num adulteratum ſit, illicò dignoſcitur, ſu<lb></lb>per candens ferrum conſperſis paucis gut<lb></lb>tulis: reſoluto enim vino mel reſidet. </s> <s id="s.003715">Te<lb></lb>nuior enim cùm ſit vini quàm mellis ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, illo reſoluto, hoc manet. </s> <s id="s.003716">Similiret <lb></lb>mel ſi adulteretur ( id ſolet fieri farina mi<lb></lb>lij) decoctum & deſpumatum, in vaſque vi<lb></lb>treum coniectum, remanet turbulentum ſu<lb></lb>periore parte. </s> <s id="s.003717">Atque ita mihi contigit anno <lb></lb>præterito ſeplaſiam mercatoris Pepiæ de<lb></lb>prehendere. </s> <s id="s.003718">Quòd ſi grauiore aliquo pul<lb></lb>uere ſit corruptum, in imo ſubſidet quod <lb></lb>additum eſt, atque ob id in fundo obſcurum <lb></lb>fit. </s> <s id="s.003719">Oleum verò ardendo fallaciam prodit: <lb></lb>aut enim crepitat, ac ſtridet, aut amurca ma<lb></lb>ior colligitur, quàm pro olei quantitate. </s> <s id="s.003720">Cur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg465"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igitur lac vinum emendat? </s> <s id="s.003721">quia craſi quaſi <lb></lb>facta pingue ſubſidet, lactis ſecum trahens <lb></lb>quod turbulentum eſt, aquea lactis in vi<lb></lb>no relicta parte, quæ vini vitia obſcuret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003722">Inde paruæ vini partes vitia detegunt, <lb></lb>quòd ob imbecillitatem celerius ab aëre de<lb></lb>nuò corrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.003723">At odoris vitium in gra<lb></lb>tiam etiam commutat garyophyli citran<lb></lb>gulo vndequaque infixi, ipſo verò ſuſpen<lb></lb>ſo in vaſe, ſic vt vinum non tangat. </s> <s id="s.003724">Ergo <lb></lb>quæ natura non ſunt ſimilia, craſim non <lb></lb>faciunt, vt vinum cum aqua, niſi imbecil<lb></lb>lem: multo minus cùm lacte vinum, mi<lb></lb>nus adhuc & nullo modo liquida hæc cum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg466"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>oleo. </s> <s id="s.003725">At lora magis verè miſta eſt, quòd <lb></lb>efferbuerit: nec tamen planè miſta, cùm miſ<lb></lb>cere naturæ ſit, non artis opus, nec etiam <lb></lb>ignis. </s> <s id="s.003726">Quæcunque igitur verè miſta ſunt, <lb></lb>vnam tantùm elementi formam, ſed non ex<lb></lb>quiſitam, oſtendunt: reliquorum ſolùm vi<lb></lb>res. </s> <s id="s.003727">Nam ſi non vbique elementa in miſto <lb></lb>eſſent, aceruus eſſet quod miſtum eſt, non <lb></lb>res genita: ſi vbique & ſecundum ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam, corpora mutuò ſe penetra<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.003728">Oſtenſum eſt autem hoc in Medicinæ <lb></lb>libris. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003729"><margin.target id="marg463"></margin.target>Vinum cor<lb></lb>ruptum quo<lb></lb>modo emen<lb></lb>detur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003730"><margin.target id="marg464"></margin.target>Vinum adul<lb></lb>teratum quo <lb></lb>modo di<lb></lb>gnoſcatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003731">Mel & <lb></lb>oleum adul<lb></lb>terata quo<lb></lb>modo de<lb></lb>præhendan<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003732"><margin.target id="marg465"></margin.target>Vinum quo<lb></lb>modo redda<lb></lb>tur odora<lb></lb>tum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003733"><margin.target id="marg466"></margin.target>Elementa <lb></lb>actu ſunt in <lb></lb>omnibus mi<lb></lb>ſtis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003734">Eſt igitur forma miſti victoris elemen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg467"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ti imperfecta. </s> <s id="s.003735">Atque ea ſenſim acquiritur: <lb></lb>in elementis quidem palàm, in aliis autem <lb></lb>id fieri Melanthon exiſtimat. </s> <s id="s.003736">Videtur autem <lb></lb>ex his rationi conſonum, cùm forma ſit ele<lb></lb>menti dominantis. </s> <s id="s.003737">At hæc ſenſim amittitur, <lb></lb>ſenſim enim acquiſita eſt. </s> <s id="s.003738">In quibuſdam au<lb></lb>tem nobilioribus Ariſtoteles non ſenſim <lb></lb>quidem omninò, ſed per gradus: quoniam <lb></lb>fœtus in vtero primò viuit, inde ſentit, <lb></lb>pòſt autem fit mentis capax. </s> <s id="s.003739">Anima autem, <lb></lb>in qua mens, poſterius perficitur. </s> <s id="s.003740">Mens au<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg468"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tem exterius aduenit. </s> <s id="s.003741">Atque hæc ſenſui pro<lb></lb>piora. </s> <s id="s.003742">Omnia autem miſta, aut terrea ſunt, <lb></lb>vt lapides & plantæ: vel aquea, vt lac & <lb></lb>oleum: vel planè miſta, vt animalium cor<lb></lb>pora. </s> <s id="s.003743">Nam igitur eodem modo fit miſtura, <lb></lb>quo nutricatio, vel augmentum. </s> <s id="s.003744">Nam in <lb></lb>miſtione aliquid alicui additur, in illis <lb></lb>quòd potentia eſt, ei quod eſt actu, & ſecun<lb></lb>dum quamlibet formæ partem fit augmen<lb></lb>tum, non autem materiæ: quoniam materia <lb></lb>ſine fine diuidi poteſt. </s> <s id="s.003745">Atque idem de nu<lb></lb>tricatione. </s> <s id="s.003746">Igitur augmentum & nutricatio <lb></lb>ſecundum formam verè fiunt: ſecundum ma<lb></lb>teriam autem eſt ſola additio, quoniam vn<lb></lb>dique aliquid iuxtà apponitur. </s> <s id="s.003747">Minima ergo <lb></lb>pars carnis, accedente nutrimento augetur <lb></lb>tota ſecundum formam, ſed ſecundum ma<lb></lb>teriam non, verùm tantùm in circuitu. </s> <s id="s.003748">Sed <lb></lb>neque hoc modo propriè: verum ( vt dixi) <lb></lb>augmenti & nutricationis fermè eadem eſt <lb></lb>ratio, imò & generationis: hæc enim fiunt <lb></lb>ab anima: ſolius enim animæ opus eſt, eo <lb></lb>modo poſſe attenuare, tum vnire ac tranſ<lb></lb>mutare. </s> <s id="s.003749">Etenim ſi quid aliud vita carens <lb></lb>hoc poſſet, illud maximè poſſet ignis: eſt <lb></lb>enim eorum omnium quæ non viuunt ro<lb></lb>buſtiſſimum, at non poteſt: vt enim iam do<lb></lb>cuimus, quòd accedit iuxtà apponitur ei <lb></lb>quod comburitur, non autem ſuſtantiam <lb></lb>priorem ingreditur: itaque omnia miſta, <lb></lb>vel viuere, vel vixiſſe neceſſarium eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg469"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003750"><margin.target id="marg467"></margin.target>2. Contra <lb></lb>dict. </s> <s id="s.003751">tract.1. <lb></lb>cont.1.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003752"><margin.target id="marg468"></margin.target>Miſtura in <lb></lb>quo ab aug<lb></lb>mento, & <lb></lb>nutricatio<lb></lb>ne differat</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003753"><margin.target id="marg469"></margin.target>Miſta omnia <lb></lb>viuere, octo <lb></lb>oſtenditur <lb></lb>rationibus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003754">Sumantur autem ratio hoc modo: quia <lb></lb>nutriuntur, & nutrimentum non fit niſi ab <lb></lb>anima, & quod animam habet, viuit. </s> <s id="s.003755">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi nutriri neges, concedes ſaltem generari: at <lb></lb>nihil generatur, niſi ab anima, quia ( vt di<lb></lb>xi) ſola illa miſcet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003756">Videmus etiam omnia miſta ſenſim de<lb></lb>generare ab elementis grauioribus, velut la<lb></lb>pides, & minus etiam metallicas terras, ma<lb></lb>gis autem ſuccos, inde metalla, pòſt plantas, <lb></lb>& animalia imperfecta, & deinde perfectio<lb></lb>ra ſenſim, donec ad hominem peruenia<lb></lb>mus, cuius compoſitio ab elementorum na<lb></lb>tura, ac ſubſtantia tantùm abeſſe videtur, <lb></lb>vt nullo modo ex eis illum conſtare quis <arrow.to.target n="marg470"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>credat. </s> <s id="s.003757">Igitur ſi homo, animalia, & plantæ <lb></lb>viuunt, cùm vnus ſit & idem calor cœle<lb></lb>ſtis, qui hæc omnia miſcet, ſed illa minus, <lb></lb>hæc magis, vt ſuo loco oſtendemus: mani<lb></lb>feſtum eſt quòd rectè dixit Hippocrates, <lb></lb>animam nihil aliud eſſe quàm cæleſte illud <lb></lb>calidum. </s> <s id="s.003758">Quòd & Ariſtotelis opinioni ad<lb></lb>hæret. </s> <s id="s.003759">dum vult ſpiritus calorem propor<lb></lb>tionem habere quandam cum elemento <pb pagenum="440" xlink:href="016/01/089.jpg"></pb>ſtellarum. </s> <s id="s.003760">Nam ſeu calor ſit anima, ſeu il<lb></lb>lius primum inſtrumentum, vbi calor hic <lb></lb>erit palàm eſt oportere adeſſe etiam ipſam <lb></lb>animam, quare & vitam: eſt enim vita nihil <lb></lb>aliud, quàm opus animæ. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003761"><margin.target id="marg470"></margin.target>2. degener <lb></lb>animalis <lb></lb>cap.3. <lb></lb>Vita quid ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003762">Plumbum <lb></lb>dum in ce<lb></lb>ruſſam ver<lb></lb>titur, auge<lb></lb>tur pondere.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003763">Clarius idem fit experimento: nam plum<lb></lb>bum cùm in ceruſſam vertitur, ac vritur, ter<lb></lb>tiadecima parte ſui ponderis augetur. </s> <s id="s.003764">Hoc <lb></lb>fit, quia calor ille cœleſtis euaneſcit: nam <lb></lb>certum eſt adiici nihil, & tamen creſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003765">Cùm igitur par ratio <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> in animalibus vi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg471"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>deatur, quæ grauiora morte fiunt, quoniam <lb></lb>exhalante anima ſecum calor etiam, ac quic<lb></lb>quid ab illo eſt laboratum, euaneſcit, ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt corpora metallica, & lapides <lb></lb>ipſos etiam viuere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003766"><margin.target id="marg471"></margin.target>Corpora <lb></lb>mortuorum <lb></lb>cur viuen<lb></lb>tium corpo<lb></lb>ribus gra<lb></lb>uiora.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003767">Ad dices: Quomodo ablata leuiore par<lb></lb>te, ſcilicet calore, ab animalibus, au metalli<lb></lb>cis, quòd relinquitur, grauius fit? </s> <s id="s.003768">Palàm eſt <lb></lb>hoc contingere, velut in ouis, vitreis, quæ <lb></lb>ſupernatant aquæ: imò chalybeis & plum<lb></lb>beis, aëre illa ſuſtinente, qui intus contine<lb></lb>tur, fracta autem hæc protinus deſcendunt: <lb></lb>at non in nobis aër, ſed quemadmodum in <lb></lb>aqua aër in illis, ita in animalibus & me<lb></lb>tallis in aëre pars ignea <expan abbr="põdus">pondus</expan> detrahit. </s> <s id="s.003769"><expan abbr="Sũt">Sunt</expan> <lb></lb>etenim ſubſtantiæ elementorum aliquæ ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) in miſtis, ſed fractæ: & qualitates alio<lb></lb>rum, vt in lacte ſubſtantia quidem aquea, <lb></lb>aër autem ac terra, & æthereum, ſeu igneum <lb></lb>elementum à calore concoctum ſecundum <lb></lb>qualitatem. </s> <s id="s.003770">Duobus enim modis elementa <lb></lb>in miſtis ſunt: vno quidem, vt à generatio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg472"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne, atque ita ſola terra & aqua: verùm vnius <lb></lb>eorum ſecundum ſubſtantiam, alterius ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia non apparet: vt autem cœleſtis ca<lb></lb>lor in illa egit, plura tam ſubſtantia, quàm <lb></lb>natura eſſe videntur. </s> <s id="s.003771">Eò fit vt denſa quæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg473"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dam leuia, & rara quædam grauia eſſe poſ<lb></lb>ſent: nam cùm parua quantitas terræ ca<lb></lb>leſcit, vt in aëris ſubſtantiam tranſmutetur, <lb></lb>nec tamen aër ingreditur, leue id eſt & den<lb></lb>ſum, vt pingue omne, & lignum aloës: at <lb></lb>contrà ſi terra parum elaboretur, magna au<lb></lb>tem fit aëris pars intus, ac vbique conſpi<lb></lb>cua, minutiſſimis tamen partibus, rarum di<lb></lb>cetur, & tamen graue non parum erit. </s> <s id="s.003772">Gra<lb></lb>ue autem denſum, & rarum lene, facilè in<lb></lb>telligimus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003773"><margin.target id="marg472"></margin.target>Elementa <lb></lb>quomodo in <lb></lb>miſto duobus <lb></lb>modis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003774"><margin.target id="marg473"></margin.target>Cur quædam <lb></lb>denſa leuia, <lb></lb>& rara gra<lb></lb>uia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003775">Ex hoc patet ſolutio non leuis quæſtio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg474"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nis, cur plumbum grauius ſit terra: nam in <lb></lb>plumbo nulla fermè eſt raritas, terra autem <lb></lb>cùm non cohæreat, admittit aërem, & ob id <lb></lb>plumbo videtur leuior, quòd aquam habet <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg475"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aëris loco. </s> <s id="s.003776">Terra etiam hæc ( vt dixi) non <lb></lb>pura eſt terra, ſed habet metallicam ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam admiſtam. </s> <s id="s.003777">Eò fit quod etiam de <lb></lb>cineribus teſtantur, vt vas illis plenum tan<lb></lb>tundem hauriat aquæ, cinere, non eiecto: pa<lb></lb>làm enim quòd aëris non paruam partem <lb></lb>adeſſe oportet, inde partis tenuioris etiam <lb></lb>cineris fit exhalatio: reliquum verò cineris <lb></lb>concreſcit ac cogitur, & aquæ pars calore <lb></lb>reſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.003778">Cùm enim aër aquâ calidior ſit, <lb></lb>quoniam ob raritatem plus excipit liminis, <lb></lb>ſicca, quæ aër continet liquidis calidiora <lb></lb>erunt. </s> <s id="s.003779">Ergo his miſtis tenuiorem humidi <lb></lb>partem in vaporem verti neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.003780">Vnde ſi <lb></lb>aqueum ſit humidum exhalat, ſi pingue in<lb></lb>tumeſcit. </s> <s id="s.003781">Ob id ſæpe melli, vel ſaccharo mi<lb></lb>ſta cogunt è pyxidibus effundi admirantibus <lb></lb>pharmacopolis: nam vapor exire nequit, & <lb></lb>humidum ipſum diſtendit. </s> <s id="s.003782">Itaque ob hæc <lb></lb>pulueribus miſta aqua minuitur, oleum au<lb></lb>tem creſcere videtur. </s> <s id="s.003783">Itaque vt ad rem pro<lb></lb>ſitam reuertar, metallica viuere etiam hoc <lb></lb>argumento deprehenditur, quòd in monti<lb></lb>bus non ſecus ac plantæ naſcuntur, patulis <lb></lb>ſiquidem ramis, radicibus, truncis, ac veluti <lb></lb>floribus, ac fructibus, vt non aliud ſit me<lb></lb>tallum, aut metallica ſubſtantia, quàm plan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg476"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta ſepulta, ac tota ſub terra naſcens: nec po<lb></lb>terat ſuper terram creſcere, quia aut fria<lb></lb>bilis erat, vt calchantum: vel nimis grauis, <lb></lb>vt plumbum. </s> <s id="s.003784">Ita & talpam inter animalia, <lb></lb>& vermes, & bufones ſub terra naſci cerni<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.003785">Sed non fuit commodum animalia ſub <lb></lb>terra gignere tot, quot plantas: quia vita <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg477"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& nutritio, quibus ſolis metalla indigent, <lb></lb>ſub terra fieri & perfici poſſunt, reſpiratio <lb></lb>verò qua perfecta animalia, difficulter ſatis; <lb></lb>ea de cauſa metallicorum genera etiam <lb></lb>longè plura quàm quis exiſtimet natura ſub <lb></lb>terra progenuit, vt auſim dicere ea nume<lb></lb>rari haud poſſe. </s> <s id="s.003786">Nam ſi plus quàm quin<lb></lb>gentis herbarum ſpeciebus natura orbem <lb></lb>exornat, animaliaque ſuper hæc induxit, ve<lb></lb>riſimile eſt, ſub terra non paucioribus luſiſ<lb></lb>ſe modis, imò longè pluribus, ſed multa la<lb></lb>tent in imo<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> alia autem ad proxima gene<lb></lb>ra ſimilitudine colorum, aut ſubſtantiæ tra<lb></lb>ducimus. </s> <s id="s.003787">Quædam rara ſunt, vt etiamſi ſupra <lb></lb>terram eſſent, vix inuenire liceret: velut & <lb></lb>noſtris temporibus ſtirpium non pauca <lb></lb>genera, quorum tamet Dioſcorides memi<lb></lb>nit. </s> <s id="s.003788">Alia etiam contemni cœperunt poſt <lb></lb>quàm inuenta eſſent, ignoto illorum vſu: ita <lb></lb>fit vt ex maximo metallicorum numero pau<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg478"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciſſima cognoſcamus. </s> <s id="s.003789">Eorum etiam quæ co<lb></lb>gnoſcimus genera, pauciora ſunt, quàm exi<lb></lb>ſtimemus, cùm alia aliorum ſint fructus, fo<lb></lb>lia, exhalationes, radices, atque ea ſunt quæ <lb></lb>nunquam diſiunguntur: dicemus autem ea <lb></lb>quæ ſint, & quorum, locis ſuis, nunc propo<lb></lb>ſitam quæſtionem proſequamur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003790"><margin.target id="marg474"></margin.target>An aliquod <lb></lb>miſtum ter<lb></lb>ra grauius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003791"><margin.target id="marg475"></margin.target>Quatuor <lb></lb>cauſæ quibus <lb></lb>fit, vt vas <lb></lb>cinere ple<lb></lb>num tantun<lb></lb>dem aquæ <lb></lb>excipiat <lb></lb>quantum <lb></lb>vacuum <lb></lb>poſſet conti<lb></lb>nere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003792"><margin.target id="marg476"></margin.target>Cur metal<lb></lb>lica multa <lb></lb>ſub terra, & <lb></lb>pauca ani<lb></lb>malia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003793"><margin.target id="marg477"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>penè eſſe ſpe<lb></lb>cie innume<lb></lb>rabilia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003794"><margin.target id="marg478"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>metallico<lb></lb>rum eſſe fru<lb></lb>ctus, folia, <lb></lb>radices, & <lb></lb>exhalatio<lb></lb>nes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003795">Dixeramus metallica, ac metalla, tum la<lb></lb>pides viuere. </s> <s id="s.003796">Quorum enim eſt maturitas, <lb></lb>& acerbitas, ac ſenium, eorum etiam eſt vi<lb></lb>ta. </s> <s id="s.003797">Nam lapides quidam immaturi, & colore <lb></lb>diluto, & ſubſtantia haud concocta inue<lb></lb>niuntur, pars quoque velut & in eiuſdem <lb></lb>arboris fructibus purior, alia impurior cerni<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.003798">Adſunt præterea venæ & inſtrumenta <lb></lb>nutritionis, & meatus non laxiores, ſed mol<lb></lb>liores, vt in lapidibus cernere licet, quibus <lb></lb>facilè poſſumus perſuaderi, non aliter quàm <lb></lb>plantas & oſſa in animalibus nutriri: nam <lb></lb>ſi per acceſſum & additionem augerentur, <lb></lb>his haud quaquam indigerent. </s> <s id="s.003799">Lapides <lb></lb>enim qui calore ſolùm concreſcunt, quos <lb></lb>tophos nominamus, & qui ſolo frigore, <lb></lb>haud venas habent ſubſtantiamque ordi<lb></lb>natam, velut in veris lapidibus, quique vi<lb></lb>tam habent: nam tophi vita carent. </s> <s id="s.003800">Eſt <lb></lb>etiam mors in eis, quare & vita, Herculeus <lb></lb>enim lapis apud me ſæpius in paucis annis <lb></lb>extinctus eſt: cùm enim traheret ferrum <lb></lb>alacriter, poſtmodum temporis ſucceſſu <lb></lb>trahere deſiit. </s> <s id="s.003801">Quid enim aliud eſt vita, <lb></lb>quàm operatio animæ? </s> <s id="s.003802">Oſtenſum eſt au-<pb pagenum="441" xlink:href="016/01/090.jpg"></pb>tem hoc in medicis tractationibus, quòd <lb></lb>ſolùm <expan abbr="viuẽtia">viuentia</expan> operationem habent. </s> <s id="s.003803">Viuunt <lb></lb>etiam elementa quoquo modo ( vt dictum <lb></lb>eſt ) cùm ad proprias regiones ſpontè fe<lb></lb>rantur, miſta autem omnia longè meliore <lb></lb>vita: nam natura ſemper melius aliquid <lb></lb>intendit, quàm id ex quo conſtituit. </s> <s id="s.003804">Ob id <lb></lb>igitur Simplicio haud crediderim dicenti, vt <lb></lb>ab Herculeo lapide ferrum trahitur, ita exi<lb></lb>ſtimari aurum ab oſſe piſcis milui trahi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003805">Hoc enim quod in Phyſicis expoſitionibus <lb></lb>ſcripſit, rationi repugnat, quandoquidem os <lb></lb>illud non viuit. </s> <s id="s.003806">Oſtenſum eſt autem omnem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg479"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>operationem eſſe viuentis, & vt viuit. </s> <s id="s.003807">Nam <lb></lb>etſi elementa etiam viuant, hoc opus ele<lb></lb>mentorum haud eſſe poteſt, ſed attractio <lb></lb>propriæ cuiuſdam rei. </s> <s id="s.003808">Viuentis eſt vita, quæ <lb></lb>nutrimento ſaltem vtatur: at os piſcis non <lb></lb>viuit, cùm detraxeris ab animali, vitæ eo ge<lb></lb>nere quod nutrimento vtitur. </s> <s id="s.003809">Sublata enim <lb></lb>anima eſt, ſentiens manifeſtè: at hæc nu<lb></lb>trici eadem eſt. </s> <s id="s.003810">Itaque adeò hac in demon<lb></lb>ſtratione confido, vt quamvis non ſim ex<lb></lb>pertus, auſim tamen dicere, impoſſibile eſſe, <lb></lb>vt os milui piſcis aurum non ſecus, ac fer<lb></lb>rum Herculeus lapis trahat: à viuente au<lb></lb>tem re alia quapiam, vt lapide, aut animali, <lb></lb>vel arbore, quamdiu vixerit, hoc fieri pro<lb></lb>culdubio poteſt. </s> <s id="s.003811">Quòd ſi quis obiiciat, quòd <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg480"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aculeus paſtinaceæ dolorem dentium tollat, <lb></lb>ſi ex eo gingiua ſacrificetur. </s> <s id="s.003812">Reſpondemus, <lb></lb>vim hanc quæ illi potentia, non actu ineſt, <lb></lb>non aliter quàm cantharidarum exulceran<lb></lb>tem, ad actum ab animæ humanæ facultate <lb></lb>deduci, Deinde dolorem magnum affert hic <lb></lb>aculeus: dolor autem dolorem obſcurat, cùm <lb></lb>non in eadem parte fuerit, vt inquit Hippo<lb></lb>crates, adeò vt acris dolor gingiuæ, dolorem <lb></lb>dentes haberet. </s> <s id="s.003813">Auocat & ob propinquita<lb></lb>tem doloris cauſam, quæ plerunque eſt in <lb></lb>neruo denti inſito: nec hoc ſemper, neque <lb></lb>omnibus contingit. </s> <s id="s.003814">Itaque vires viuentibus <lb></lb>cùm tantùm actu ſint, lapidibus qui vires <lb></lb>habent animam ineſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.003815">Sed dices, <lb></lb>Hoc tamen Philoſophus negat. </s> <s id="s.003816">Sed qui la<lb></lb>pides, aut generari, aut augeri concedunt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg481"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fateri etiam oportet illos viuere: facultatis <lb></lb>enim vegetatricis hæc communia ſunt, teſte <lb></lb>Galeno, generari, nutriri, & augeri. </s> <s id="s.003817">Vide<lb></lb>tur etiam natura ſenſim ab extremo ad ex<lb></lb>tremum tranſire, connectereque diſtincta <lb></lb>longius mediis ipſis: velut inter id quod non <lb></lb>nutritur, nec viuit, quodque viuit & nutri<lb></lb>tur, medium conſtitui poterat quod viueret <lb></lb>& non nutriretur, quoque nutriretur, & <lb></lb>non viueret. </s> <s id="s.003818">At non viuere, & nutriri quic<lb></lb>quam non poterat, cùm facultas eſſet abſ<lb></lb>que ſubiecto principioque. </s> <s id="s.003819">Oportebat igitur <lb></lb>medium potius eſſe quod non nutriretur & <lb></lb>viueret. </s> <s id="s.003820">Nam principium eſſe abſque facul<lb></lb>tate in his quæ natura læſa ſunt, contingit: <lb></lb>tales igitur lapides erunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003821"><margin.target id="marg479"></margin.target>Ratio de<lb></lb>monſtrans <lb></lb>contra Sim<lb></lb>plicium <lb></lb>quod os piſ<lb></lb>cis milui au<lb></lb>rum non tra<lb></lb>hit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003822"><margin.target id="marg480"></margin.target>Paſtinacæ <lb></lb>aculus dolo<lb></lb>rem dentium <lb></lb>tollit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003823"><margin.target id="marg481"></margin.target>1.Mag. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003824">Mor. </s> <s id="s.003825">cap.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003826">Ergo metallica in montibus non ſecus ar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg482"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bores iacent, cùm radicibus ſuis trunco, ra<lb></lb>mis, pluribus foliis: & ſunt tenues quæ<lb></lb>dam partes nonnunquam floribus ac fructi<lb></lb>bus: carent enim pleræque fructibus & flo<lb></lb>ribus, cùm videamus, & hoc etiam plan<lb></lb>tis contingere, quæ in puteis naſcuntur, & <lb></lb>in vmbra, vel arido nimis loco, vt adianto, <lb></lb>ſcolopendro, licheni, & non paucis capri<lb></lb>ficis, cùm in muris naſcuntur: palàm enim <lb></lb>eſt fructus & flores luxuriantis arboris ac <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg483"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fœcundæ eſſe ſigna. </s> <s id="s.003827">Fœcunditatis tum ab <lb></lb>humore, tum à calore Solis fit. </s> <s id="s.003828">Ob id igitur <lb></lb>nil mirum metallicis flores & fructus ſæ<lb></lb>pius deeſſe, cùm Sol ſemper, humor etiam <lb></lb>copioſus plerunque deſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003829"><margin.target id="marg482"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>quomodo in <lb></lb>montibus ia<lb></lb>ceant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003830"><margin.target id="marg483"></margin.target>Cur metal<lb></lb>lica plerum<lb></lb>que careant <lb></lb>floribus & <lb></lb>fructu.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003831">Vbi verò abundent metallica, ſi velis de<lb></lb>præhendere, certis & non paucis opus eſt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg484"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>coniecturis. </s> <s id="s.003832">Oſtendit primò ferax prouincia, <lb></lb>vt nunc argenti Germania. </s> <s id="s.003833">Sic in Italia ar<lb></lb>gentum vix, aurum nullo modo effodere li<lb></lb>cet. </s> <s id="s.003834">Vt igitur in fœcunda regione plures <lb></lb>fœcundi agri, ita in feracis metallorum <lb></lb>prouincia plerique montes etiam præter <lb></lb>ſpem metalla ferunt. </s> <s id="s.003835">Montes etiam altiſſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg485"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mi vt ad eruendum ſunt difficiliores, ita <lb></lb>ad largiendum ſunt liberaliores: rarò enim <lb></lb>in humilioribus collibus materia hæc co<lb></lb>pioſa inuenitur. </s> <s id="s.003836">Plerumque verò montium <lb></lb>cacumina, quæ ad meridiem tendunt, radi<lb></lb>cibus ad Boream ſpectantibus, argumentum <lb></lb>metalli præbent; & maximè argenti, cuius <lb></lb>fodinæ feraciores rectà ex Oriente in Occi<lb></lb>dentem tendere ſolent. </s> <s id="s.003837">Qui etiam montes <lb></lb>ſunt in calidis regionibus, gemmarum ſunt <lb></lb>feraciores: quòd in meridie, humor magis <lb></lb>ſiccetur & attenuetur: & ob id ſiccitate la<lb></lb>pides, at tenuitate gemmæ generantur, mul<lb></lb>tò autem humore & craſſo metalla fiunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003838">Hic autem iuxta Septentriones viget. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003839"><margin.target id="marg484"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>metallica <lb></lb>abundare in <lb></lb>montibus de <lb></lb>præhenda<lb></lb>mus 15. in<lb></lb>diciis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003840"><margin.target id="marg485"></margin.target>Curmeridies <lb></lb>gemmis Bo<lb></lb>reas metal<lb></lb>lis, abundent <lb></lb>magis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003841">Montes etiam ſteriles omnes metallici <lb></lb>ſunt, duabus ex cauſis: nam humor abſumi<lb></lb>tur intus vnde plantæ generari nequeunt, & <lb></lb>mali halitus iam natas etiam plantas occi<lb></lb>dunt. </s> <s id="s.003842">Color etiam montium, & lapidum, ac <lb></lb>terræ, non ſolùm metallica eſſe docet, ſed & <lb></lb>qualia ſint: viridis fit ære, niger ab argen<lb></lb>to, & auro, purpureus à pyritide, liuidus à <lb></lb>plumbo & ferro, luridus à calchanto & <lb></lb>eiuſmodi ſiccis, cinereus & obſcurus à ſul<lb></lb>phure. </s> <s id="s.003843">Oſtendit & odor: cùm enim duos <lb></lb>montis eiuſdem lapides ſimul attriueris, ſi <lb></lb>metallum monti ſubeſt, olent ſulphuris non <lb></lb>parum. </s> <s id="s.003844">Ob quod falsò creditum eſt, metalla <lb></lb>ſulphure conſtare, cùm ſit hic odor excre<lb></lb>menti metallici, & ſuperfluæ coctionis in<lb></lb>dicium. </s> <s id="s.003845">Grauiores etiam lapides, aut terra <lb></lb>quàm ratio poſtulet, certum eſt metallicæ <lb></lb>materiæ argumentum. </s> <s id="s.003846">Si etiam aliqua par<lb></lb>te nimis ſplendeant, vel ſi ſolidi careant <lb></lb>omni ſplendore, ſubeſſe metalli materiam <lb></lb>certò ſcias: demum ſi igni liquefeceris, de<lb></lb>præhendes ſimul & metallum eſſe, & genus <lb></lb>illius, & quantitatem. </s> <s id="s.003847">Aquæ etiam effluen<lb></lb>tes leuem quandam huius coniecturam af<lb></lb>ferunt: quæ ſi odorem, aut colorem, aut præ<lb></lb>ſe ferant alienum, haud dubiè metallum in <lb></lb>monte eſſe pronunciabis. </s> <s id="s.003848">Fundum etiam al<lb></lb>uei diligenter explorabis, nam partem me<lb></lb>talli inuenies: vix enim fieri poteſt, vt lon<lb></lb>go temporis ſucceſſu aliquid ſemper adden<lb></lb>te die, ex deſcenſu grauioris partis, veſtium <lb></lb>metalli non appareat. </s> <s id="s.003849">Mons etiam rimo<lb></lb>ſus, propter halitus acres metallicorum <lb></lb>fit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003850">Sunt etiam plantæ quæ metallorum ſo<lb></lb>cietate gaudent: & vt rariores ſunt, quæ <lb></lb>metallis gaudent, eò ſi adſint <expan abbr="euidẽtius">euidentius</expan> teſti-<pb pagenum="442" xlink:href="016/01/091.jpg"></pb>monium illorum præbent. </s> <s id="s.003851">Generaliter ta<lb></lb>les ſunt, quæ fructum non edunt, aut <lb></lb>exiguum: iuniperus humilis, hedera, ca<lb></lb>prificus, pinaſter etiam, & aculeatarum <lb></lb>pleræque; Sunt etiam folia arborum, aut <lb></lb>decidua, & trunci exiles, marcentque om<lb></lb>nia. </s> <s id="s.003852">Quid mirum, cùm velut lactanti puero <lb></lb>nutrix prægnans adhibetur, nam metallis & <lb></lb>plantis commune eſt alimentum idem, ideò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg486"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vix natura loci ambobus poterit ſatisface<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.003853">Sed metalla ampliùs hauriunt, cùm ar<lb></lb>bores: nam propago metallorum arboribus <lb></lb>longè maior eſt, vt etiam belluæ maris ipſis <lb></lb>animalibus terreſtribus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg487"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003854"><margin.target id="marg486"></margin.target>Comparatio <lb></lb>metallorum, <lb></lb>& planta<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003855"><margin.target id="marg487"></margin.target>Argentea <lb></lb>fodinæ mira <lb></lb>magnitudo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003856">Argenti fodinam, cùm etiam hoc ſit mi<lb></lb>nus fœcundum metallum inuenio apud <lb></lb>Agricolam fuiſſe pedum 30, in longitudi<lb></lb>ne, latitudine autem dodrantis, altitudine <lb></lb>60. Ex quo manifeſtum eſt ſimilem fuiſſe <lb></lb>arbori: nam arboris altitudo maxima, poſt<lb></lb>longitudo, ſeu ramorum diductio, minima <lb></lb>craſſitudo, quæ pro latitudine in fodinis ac<lb></lb>cipitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003857">Ergo ſi in argento tanta, quid in ære, <lb></lb>quid in plumbo, & ferro, quid in ſul<lb></lb>phure? </s> <s id="s.003858">demum quanta in ipſis lapidibus? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003859">Non tamen eadem ratione qua marinæ bel<lb></lb>luæ ſolùm præſtant magnitudine terreſtri<lb></lb>bus, copia ſcilicet humoris, ſed quia pon<lb></lb>dus in metallicis, ac lapidibus cùm non <lb></lb>pendeant, periculum nullum affert, in ar<lb></lb>boribus affert. </s> <s id="s.003860">Arbores enim quoniam <lb></lb>pendent, ventis facilè extirpantur, diligen<lb></lb>tiaque illa naturæ fruſtratur. <arrow.to.target n="marg488"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003861"><margin.target id="marg488"></margin.target>Partes neceſ<lb></lb>ſariæ metal<lb></lb>licis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003862">Quòd ad ſimilitudinem attinet, vt dixi, <lb></lb>tam arbores, quàm metalla aſpectu boreæ <lb></lb>gaudent: & quatuor habent neceſſarias fer<lb></lb>mè partes, radicem, corticem, ſubſtantiam, <lb></lb>& venas. </s> <s id="s.003863">Radix lapidi lapis alius eſt, aut <lb></lb>terra, vt ſuo loco docebimus: metallo metal<lb></lb>lum, aut metallicum, vel terra. </s> <s id="s.003864">Cortex ve<lb></lb>rò apertè diſſidet à reliqua ſubſtantia, loco <lb></lb>& duritie: venæ intra ſubſtantiam manife<lb></lb>ſtè apparent. </s> <s id="s.003865">Quid igitur aliud eſt fodina <lb></lb>quàm planta, terra & lapidibus obruta? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003866">hæc verò, vt dixi, aut terra metallica de <arrow.to.target n="marg489"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qua dixi, aut nobilior ſuccus, aut metallum, <lb></lb>aut lapis. </s> <s id="s.003867">Communia ſunt omnibus metal<lb></lb>licis vt durius reddant, ac frigidius. </s> <s id="s.003868">Eretria, <lb></lb>ac metalla, & lapides, & metallicorum plu<lb></lb>rima, frigida ſunt. </s> <s id="s.003869">Quædam tamen etſi <lb></lb>ſicca ſint, molliunt abundante pinguedine, <lb></lb>vt aſphaltum & gagates lapis. </s> <s id="s.003870">Sunt autem <lb></lb>ſicca, quia terrea. </s> <s id="s.003871">Ignis autem ſeu potiùs <lb></lb>calor calefacere poteſt, humectare non <lb></lb>poteſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg490"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003872"><margin.target id="marg489"></margin.target>Metallico<lb></lb>rum omnium <lb></lb>communia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003873"><margin.target id="marg490"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>omnia cur <lb></lb>fermè mali <lb></lb>aut nullius <lb></lb>ſaporis, odo<lb></lb>ris tamen <lb></lb>iucundi eſſe <lb></lb>poſſint <lb></lb>càuſæ duæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003874">Metallica etiam omnia mali ſaporis fer<lb></lb>mè eſſe neceſſe eſt, aut nullius: nullus, vt <lb></lb>puri lapides, & pura terra, mali reliqua. </s> <s id="s.003875">Cau<lb></lb>ſa eſt, quòd vix ab aduſtione abſoluuntur: <lb></lb>& ſicca ſunt, vt diximus: dulcia autem <lb></lb>humida. </s> <s id="s.003876">Quòd etſi humidum aliquod adſit, <lb></lb>& ſapor gratus cum prauo commiſceatur, <lb></lb>non obruit illum, ſed corrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.003877">Nam <lb></lb>ſi parum gentianæ multo lacti immiſcue<lb></lb>ris, ſaporem ingratum habebis. </s> <s id="s.003878">Non autem <lb></lb>ſic in odoribus: nam vehementior ſolet ob<lb></lb>ſcurare minorem, Aes amarum eſt, ac peſſi<lb></lb>mi ſaporis, ferrum verò ſubamarum, inde <lb></lb>plumbum album, quòd ſtannum vocamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003879">Aſtringit cum amaritudine alumen & cal<lb></lb>chantum, ſed magis amarum eſt, tum ve<lb></lb>rò reliqua, vt ſulphur & bitumen Argen<lb></lb>tum tamen iucundum, & ſubdulcem præbet <lb></lb>ſaporem, & longè meliorem habet aurum, <lb></lb>ſed non præſtat. </s> <s id="s.003880">Cognoſcuntur ſapores, ſi <lb></lb>vel vaſis talibus humidum aliquod exci<lb></lb>piatur, ac ſeruetur, vel diluatur pars me<lb></lb>tallici intra vinum, ius aut aquam, diuque <lb></lb>maneat in eis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003881">Metallica etiam omnia, ſi frigore con<arrow.to.target n="marg491"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>creto humido conſtent, igne ſoluuntur, vt <lb></lb>ſulphur & metalla: quædam cùm calore <lb></lb>congruerint, frigore ſoluuntur & aqua, vt <lb></lb>alumen, ſal, atramentum, nitrum: quædam <lb></lb>ſolùm molliuntur aqua, vt lapides plurimi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003882">Refert Agricola marmoris partem vidiſſe <lb></lb>mollem factam ab aqua, cùm in ea diu ia<lb></lb>cuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.003883">Hæc terrea eſſe neceſſe eſt, quæ <lb></lb>nunquam perfectè liqueſcunt. </s> <s id="s.003884">Itaque quæ <lb></lb>perfectè liqueſcunt, aquea ſunt, etiam ſi ab <lb></lb>humido, quæ non poſſunt perfectè liqueſ<lb></lb>cere terrea. </s> <s id="s.003885">Succi igitur aquea conſtant ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, vt alumen, bitumen, ſulphur, ſal, <lb></lb>& nitrum, & calchantum, multaque eiuſ<lb></lb>cemodi. </s> <s id="s.003886">Salem tum terram cum ſucco potius <lb></lb>dixerim: ſed non eſt præſentis inſtituti, ſin<lb></lb>gula tractare, verùm clarioris exempli, & <lb></lb>vtilitatis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003887"><margin.target id="marg491"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>omnia trifa<lb></lb>riam ſolui</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003888">Sunt etenim rariores quidam ſucci, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg492"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui Annæbergi inuentus eſt, in cuniculo <lb></lb>fodinæ Othonis Imperatoris durus & can<lb></lb>didus: atque adeò acris, vt erodendo mures <lb></lb>necaret. </s> <s id="s.003889">Sed nunc de notioribus ſermo erit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg493"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inter quos alumen Rochæ, pro antiquo<lb></lb>rum liquidò ſubſtitutum, aſtringentis virtu<lb></lb>tis, adeò vt ſi aquæ incoxeris, vſquequò diſ<lb></lb>ſoluatur, charta noſtra aquæ illi immerſa, <lb></lb>inde ſiccata, atramentum optimè retinet: <lb></lb>nec diffundi, aut ſpargi perperàm patitur, <lb></lb>etiamſi peſſima fuerit. </s> <s id="s.003890">Modus eſt, vnica alu<lb></lb>minis in ſingulas aquæ libras decoquantur, <lb></lb>donec tertia aquæ pars relinquatur: in<lb></lb>de charta ſuper tabulam leuem extendatur, <lb></lb>ſpongiaque ea infuſa vtrinque madeſcat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003891">Præſtantius ex alumine rubrum eſt. </s> <s id="s.003892">Indicum <lb></lb>eſt alumen combibiſſe, quòd ſplendeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003893">Eadem ratione pennas anſerum reddit me<lb></lb>liores, & coria: prohibetque vina ne tur<lb></lb>bentur in vaſis. </s> <s id="s.003894">Alumen quod Scaiolæ vo<lb></lb>cant, eſt Aſtrum Samium apud veteres, nec <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg494"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt ex ſuccorum genere: vt nec alumen <lb></lb>plumæ, quòd ex terrenis partibus conſtat, <lb></lb>atque ideò tenuiter ſi teratur, lectoque in<lb></lb>ſpergatur, pruritum commouet aſſiduum: <lb></lb>acutas enim ac pungentes partes habet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003895">Quòd ſi ex eo ellychnia fiant, haud ardent, <lb></lb>ſed perpetuò oleum conſumitur, ipſa autem <lb></lb>manent. </s> <s id="s.003896">Commune eſt hoc omni fermè ge<lb></lb>neri cruſtati lapidis. </s> <s id="s.003897">Nam & in Eiſleba ex <lb></lb>pyritide, tum lapide alio ſciſſili pyræ impo<lb></lb>ſitæ, liquor viridis emanat, qui cum igne <lb></lb>extincto cogitur, ignem amplius non ſen<lb></lb>tit. </s> <s id="s.003898">Sic & ex Amianto lapide Romæ map<lb></lb>pas, & in Verebergo Bohemiæ mantilia eſſe <lb></lb>affirmat Agricola, quæ non aqua, ſed igni<lb></lb>bus eluantur. </s> <s id="s.003899">Et ex Magneſia lapide ſquam<lb></lb>moſo, argentei, & plumbei coloris in Bol<lb></lb>decrana menſæ fiunt, quæ igne purgantur, <lb></lb>nec vitiantur: ex tenuiore autem parte <pb pagenum="443" xlink:href="016/01/092.jpg"></pb>thryalides prolucernis. </s> <s id="s.003900">Videbuntur hæc qui<lb></lb>buſdam incredibilia dictu quæ tamen non <lb></lb>ſolùm vera, ſed etiam neceſſaria ſunt, ac fa<lb></lb>cilia inuentu. </s> <s id="s.003901">Nam cùm omnes fermè lapi<lb></lb>des igni præſertim haud diuturno reſiſtant, <lb></lb>ſquamoſi plerunque nentur ob fila. </s> <s id="s.003902">Si igitur <lb></lb>neas iam igni materiam contumacem, map<lb></lb>pas, mantilia, & thryalides efficere licebit, <lb></lb>ignibus non obnoxias. </s> <s id="s.003903">Texi verò quæcun<lb></lb>que nentur, quis dubitat? </s> <s id="s.003904">vnde etiam non <lb></lb>ſolum ex lino & canabe, ſed ex ſparto quo<lb></lb>que, ſeu geniſta mappæ conficiuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003905">Nunc geniſta vtimur ſolùm ad verrendum: <lb></lb>ſed ſi artifex non deſit, vtilis eſt etiam ad <lb></lb>conficienda lintea: quicquid enim ductile <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg495"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, nere licet: quòd nere licet, licet & texere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003906">Ductile verò eſt, quicquid humido conſtat <lb></lb>tenaci, ac minimè fragili. </s> <s id="s.003907">Alumini verò <lb></lb>plumæ non tantum ineſt ſucci, vt nere <lb></lb>poſſis. </s> <s id="s.003908">Neque igitur pro miraculo ducen<lb></lb>dum, quòd turris lignea ignibus immiſſis <lb></lb>extiterit incorrupta, hoc aluminis genere <lb></lb>inſperſa, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg496"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003909"><margin.target id="marg492"></margin.target>Succus atris <lb></lb>& potens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003910"><margin.target id="marg493"></margin.target>Alumen Ro<lb></lb>chæ, & eius <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003911"><margin.target id="marg494"></margin.target>Alumen <lb></lb>Scaiolæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003912">Alumen plu<lb></lb>mæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003913">Ellychnia <lb></lb>quæ haud <lb></lb>conſumun<lb></lb>tur, & map<lb></lb>pæ, ab igne.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003914"><margin.target id="marg495"></margin.target>Geniſta vti<lb></lb>lis ad confi<lb></lb>cienda lin<lb></lb>tea.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003915"><margin.target id="marg496"></margin.target>Bituminis <lb></lb>genera 12. <lb></lb>nobiliora.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003916">Sed nec minor virtus bitumini quàm <lb></lb>alumini: verùm non vnum genus illius, ſed <lb></lb>eſt quòd propriè aſphaltum dicitur, & piſ<lb></lb>ſa ſphaltum, & napta, Gagates, Ampelites, <lb></lb>Maltha, Thracius lapis, carbones foſſiles, <lb></lb>ſuccinum, ambra, petroleum, camphora. </s> <s id="s.003917">Et <lb></lb>de omnibus ſatis conuenit, præterquam de <lb></lb>camphora, ſunt qui caphuram vocent: ma<lb></lb>num do, in ius non voco, de re ipſa eſt du<lb></lb>bitatio: nomen tibi, quicunque es adeò <lb></lb>faſtidioſus, concinnandum relinquo. </s> <s id="s.003918">Cùm <arrow.to.target n="marg497"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igitur in ea ligna inueniant, lachrymam <lb></lb>arboris, Capar nomine, quæ in inſula Bu<lb></lb>tei, aliàs Zebut vocata (hæc ab æquinoctia<lb></lb>li Boream verſus partibus quinque cum <lb></lb>quadrante diſtat, à Fortunatis centum octo<lb></lb>ginta ſex ) prouenit, potius quàm bitumen <lb></lb>eſſe credunt. </s> <s id="s.003919">Veruntamen ſi ſuccinum ar<lb></lb>deat, quòd bitumen proculdubio eſt, aqua<lb></lb>que, madida mappa fumus excipiatur, cam<lb></lb>phoram olet. </s> <s id="s.003920">Sed medico non multum re<lb></lb>fert hoc ſcire, ſed quòd camphora, ſuccinum <lb></lb>& ambra, è bituminis genere ſint. </s> <s id="s.003921">Atque <lb></lb>ea de cauſa etiam ſi quid horum fluat ex ar<lb></lb>boribus, nil prohibet quin etiam ei ſimile <lb></lb>in terræ viſceribus generetur. </s> <s id="s.003922">Sed videtur <lb></lb>camphora ex arboribus primam originem <lb></lb>ducere. </s> <s id="s.003923">Non tamen adeò alba natura eſt, ſed <lb></lb>deſtillatione talis fit. </s> <s id="s.003924">Deſtillatio enim deal<lb></lb>bare ſolet, non tantùm quia ſordes omnes <lb></lb>detrahat, ſed quia ſubſtantiam raram efficit, <lb></lb>atque ideò aëri peruiam. </s> <s id="s.003925">Camphora igitur <lb></lb>eſt immodicè ſicca, adeò vt in ſinu virginum <lb></lb>geſtata, iuuenes ad Venerem reddat impo<lb></lb>tentes. </s> <s id="s.003926">Eadem ſiccat vlcera, & dealbat; te<lb></lb>nuiſſimæ enim eſt ſubſtantiæ, hiſque de cau<lb></lb>ſis etiam ſomnum arcet. </s> <s id="s.003927">Gagatem vocat <lb></lb>vulgus ambram nigram. </s> <s id="s.003928">Fiunt globuli pro <lb></lb>precibus: ſplendet & lucidus eſt, adeò vt à <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg498"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pluribus inter lapides numeretur: niger co<lb></lb>los, trahitque paleas: ex Hiſſpania peregri<lb></lb>ni imagines ad nos ferunt: ardet, hoc enim <lb></lb>omni bituminis generi commune eſt, Fer<lb></lb>tur virgines, epotus cum aqua, non cogere <lb></lb>ad migendum, corruptas cogere: res pro<lb></lb>pior fabulæ, quàm veriſimili. </s> <s id="s.003929">Quaſdam ma<lb></lb>gis irritare, atque eas, quæ vitiatæ ſunt, nihil <lb></lb>prohibet. </s> <s id="s.003930">Nam cùm collum veſicæ collo <lb></lb>vteri inſeratur, quæcunque corruptæ ſunt, <lb></lb>vexantur magis ab his, quæ moleſtiam ve<lb></lb>ſicæ afferre conſuerunt. </s> <s id="s.003931">Ferunt etiam ac<lb></lb>cenſum oleo reſtingui, non aqua: id ſupe<lb></lb>riùs declarauimus. </s> <s id="s.003932">Bitumini enim hoc ge<lb></lb>nerale eſt, ac proprium fermè: ſed non <lb></lb>ab omni aqua tutus is eſt ignis, nec ab <lb></lb>omni oleo extinguitur: multa enim aqua <lb></lb>omnem ignem ſuffocat, & paucum oleum <lb></lb>nullum extinguit, vt quaſi hæc per meta<lb></lb>phoram dicta videri poſſint. </s> <s id="s.003933">Creditum eſt <lb></lb>etiam, nec fruſtrà, comitiales excitare, vt <lb></lb>ſuccinum. </s> <s id="s.003934">Sed & antiqui ſcripſerunt, illum <lb></lb>prouocare morbum: poteſtque vtrunque <lb></lb>facere. </s> <s id="s.003935">Vtrique cauſa communis eſt caliditas <lb></lb>modera, tenuitas ac ſiccitas. </s> <s id="s.003936">Porrò quod <lb></lb>pingue eſt, etiam odoratum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003937"><margin.target id="marg497"></margin.target>Camphora <lb></lb>quid ſit, & <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003938"><margin.target id="marg498"></margin.target>Gagates.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003939">De ſuccino magna ad hanc vſque diem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg499"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>contentio fuit: bitumen tamen eſt, & pin<lb></lb>guedo quædam terræ à maris æſtu. </s> <s id="s.003940">Copio<lb></lb>ſum piſcatur in Sudinis Pruſſiæ, cùm herba <lb></lb>quæ illi concreſcit pulegio ſimili. </s> <s id="s.003941">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>etiam à lachryma herbarum, aut arborum <lb></lb>duceret originem, bitumen tamen eſſet pin<lb></lb>guedine maris, & terrarum coactum, ac il<lb></lb>lorum calore temperatum. </s> <s id="s.003942">Eius plura ſunt <lb></lb>genera. </s> <s id="s.003943">Candidum precioſiſſimum, guſtu <lb></lb>dulce, & optimè olens, adeò vt ſuffitum in <lb></lb>conclauibus contra peſtem ( iuuat enim ) ad <lb></lb>tertiam vſque diem conclaue olere bene fa<lb></lb>ciat. </s> <s id="s.003944">Omne enim bene olens dum ſuffitur, <lb></lb>vapores abſumendo corruptos, aërem ab <lb></lb>omni vitio liberat: liberant ergo magis, quæ <lb></lb>magis fragrant, & quæ tardius conſumun<lb></lb>tur: quæ verò calida & ſicca ſunt, vapores <lb></lb>celerius abſumunt. </s> <s id="s.003945">Ob id magnus ignis præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſimum eſt, auxilium aduerſus peſtilen<lb></lb>tentem aëris ſtatum, vt etiam flabella: vi<lb></lb>tiant enim aërem vapores, tum natura loci <lb></lb>ex quo eleuantur, tum quia Solis radios pe<lb></lb>netrare prohibent. </s> <s id="s.003946">Ob id referunt in Ger<lb></lb>mania vallem Ioachimicam cùm ob ſyluas <lb></lb>denſas, & ſtagna inhabitabilis eſſet, deriua<lb></lb>tis aquis in cuniculos ac foſſas, <expan abbr="ſucciſiſq;">ſucciſiſque</expan> ne<lb></lb>moribus, ſalubrem factam eſſe. </s> <s id="s.003947">Itaque nil mi<lb></lb>rum eſt, duplici auxilio flagrans ſuccinum <lb></lb>aërem emendare, tum quia ſiccum tum quia <lb></lb>bene olens. </s> <s id="s.003948">Ita videntur bis olim Athenæ <lb></lb>ignis beneficio à duobus medicis Hippocra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg500"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te, & Acrone peſte liberatæ, flammis ſcili<lb></lb>cet beneolentium lignorum, non quidem <lb></lb>mediocribus, ſed maximis. </s> <s id="s.003949">A mediocribus <lb></lb>enim ignibus, & minimè odorata materia <lb></lb>ſuccenſis, tantum abeſt, vt peſtilens aër <lb></lb>emendetur, tum magis ſi beneficium vento<lb></lb>rum abſit, vt etiam vehementer exacerbe<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.003950">Quamobrem Thucydides refert, cùm ob <lb></lb>multitudinem cadauera rogis imponeren<lb></lb>tur, non parum auctam peſtilentiam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003951">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, eiſdem penè cauſis <lb></lb>ſuccinum eidem morbo medicamentis im<lb></lb>miſtum, plurimùm conferre. </s> <s id="s.003952">Miſcetur <lb></lb>enim aut propter odorem, aut ſiccandi cau<lb></lb>ſa, aut, quòd euidentius eſt auxilium in eo, <lb></lb>attrahendi: trahit enim omnia leuia, paleas, <lb></lb>feſtucas, ramenta tenuia metallorum, & ozi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg501"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mi folia, perperàm contradicente Theophra<lb></lb>ſto. </s> <s id="s.003953">Cauſa eſt huius, quòd humidum habeat <lb></lb>pingue & glutinoſum, quo emiſſo ad leuia <pb pagenum="444" xlink:href="016/01/093.jpg"></pb>quæcunque fertur, vt etiam ignis ad pabu<lb></lb>lum: vnde ſi fricetur, vehementiùs trahit ob <lb></lb>calorem. </s> <s id="s.003954">Indicio eſt quòd omnis gemma la<lb></lb>neo panno affricta & feſtucas, arborum ſicca <lb></lb>folia ad ſe rapit: quæ vbi adhæſerint, <expan abbr="mouẽ-tur">mouen<lb></lb>tur</expan>: quoniam pingue quod in lana latet <expan abbr="gẽ-mæ">gem<lb></lb>mæ</expan> annectitur, & affricando concaleſcit: <lb></lb>ſuccino verò diſſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.003955">Propterea gemmæ, <lb></lb>lineorum affrictu non <expan abbr="trahũt">trahunt</expan>, ſuccinum tra<lb></lb>hit. </s> <s id="s.003956"><expan abbr="Neq;">Neque</expan> enim lapidis Magnetis, & ſuccini <lb></lb>eadem trahendi ratio: nam ſuccinum omne <lb></lb>leue trahit, Magnes ferrum ſolùm Succinum <lb></lb>interpoſito corpore non mouet paleam, Ma<lb></lb>gnes ferrum. </s> <s id="s.003957">Succinum non trahitur viciſ<lb></lb>ſim à palea, Magnes trahitur à ferro etiam <lb></lb>Palea à ſuccino in nullam partem dirigitur, <lb></lb>ferrum modò ad Boream, modò ad Auſtrum <lb></lb>contactu Magnetis tendit, Denique ſuccini <lb></lb>attractio calido & frictione iuuatur <expan abbr="multũ">multum</expan>, <lb></lb>Magnetis eo ſolùm quòd purior pars lapidis <lb></lb>redditur. </s> <s id="s.003958">Quid <expan abbr="tãdẽ">tandem</expan>? </s> <s id="s.003959">ſuccini attractio haud du<lb></lb>biè eſt ſimilis illi, quæ à cucurbitula ab igne <lb></lb>& cæteris calidis, ob pingue illud <expan abbr="calidũ">calidum</expan> in<lb></lb>natum, quòd etiam adhærens parietibus ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) conclaui etiam in tertium diem bene <lb></lb>olere facit. </s> <s id="s.003960">Eſt enim in omni bitumine hu<lb></lb>midum pingue calidum, ob quod etiam faci<lb></lb>lè ardet. </s> <s id="s.003961">Sed in trahendo inter bitumina <lb></lb>ſuccinum, inter ſuccini genera cinereum, <lb></lb>quòd circa oſtium Viſtulæ ad Pucecam in <lb></lb>littore maris effoditur: hoc enim, vt Agricola <lb></lb>refert, dum ferro attereretur, folia ex humo <lb></lb>ad duos pedes in ſublime ad ſe trahit. </s> <s id="s.003962">Hoc <lb></lb>igitur vnguentis aptiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.003963">Candidum verò <lb></lb>è mari Germanico eruitur, è quo etiam lu<lb></lb>ſoriæ teſſerulæ fieri ſolent. </s> <s id="s.003964">Eſt & melleum, <lb></lb>& vinoſum, & aureum, quòd in fonte ſolet <lb></lb>inueniri Sueuiæ, iuxta cœnobium cui <expan abbr="nomẽ">nomen</expan> <lb></lb>eſt Degeræ lacus. </s> <s id="s.003965">In ſuccino relucent omnia <lb></lb>genera paruarum rerum, muſcæ, formicæ, <lb></lb>piſciculi, folia, ramenta: nam comprehenſa <lb></lb>humido ſuccini tenaci, euadere nequeunt, <lb></lb>inde affluente humore copioſo concreſcunt, <lb></lb>ſiccanturque, & ob id putreſcere nequeunt, <lb></lb>relucentque æterno ſepulchro, ac nobiliore <lb></lb>quàm Artemiſia Mauſoleo conſtruxerit. </s> <s id="s.003966">Pa<lb></lb>rum redolet ſuccinum ſpontè, ſed tamen cùm <lb></lb>vritur, myrrhæ odorem ſuauem mitit. </s> <s id="s.003967">Adul<lb></lb>teratur ſuccinum melleum oui candido, & <lb></lb>croco, & dragaganti lachryma. </s> <s id="s.003968">Vnde qui ſo<lb></lb>lertius agunt, formicas, culices, muſcas, & <lb></lb>ſcobem ferri, tum ramenta, paleaſque hinc <lb></lb>illincque miſcent, tum ſuccini veri partem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg502"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tenuiſſimam in puluerem redactam addunt, <lb></lb>vt bene oleat, & feſtuca, trahat. </s> <s id="s.003969">Sunt etiam <lb></lb>qui affirment non ſolùm candidum ouis <lb></lb>quod veriſſimum eſt, ſed etiam luteum co<lb></lb>ctum auræ expoſitum ſuper lapidem, adeò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg503"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dureſcere, vt ipſum in lapidis etiam ſpeciem <lb></lb>tranſeat. </s> <s id="s.003970">Dureſcit enim atque concreſcit <lb></lb>quod pingue eſt, niſi putreſcat. </s> <s id="s.003971">Non putreſ<lb></lb>cit quod expers eſt humidi aquei. </s> <s id="s.003972">Expers eſt <lb></lb><expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> aquei humidi oui <expan abbr="vitellũ">vitellum</expan>, cùm torretur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg504"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003973"><margin.target id="marg499"></margin.target>Succinum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003974"><margin.target id="marg500"></margin.target>Hippocra<lb></lb>tes & Acron <lb></lb>medici A<lb></lb>thenas à pe<lb></lb>ſte <expan abbr="liberarũt">liberarunt</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003975"><margin.target id="marg501"></margin.target>Cur ſucci<lb></lb>num paleas <lb></lb>trahat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003976"><margin.target id="marg502"></margin.target>Succini ad<lb></lb>ulteratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003977"><margin.target id="marg503"></margin.target>Oui vitel<lb></lb>lum quomo<lb></lb>do in lapi<lb></lb>dem <expan abbr="trãſeat">tranſeat</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.003978"><margin.target id="marg504"></margin.target>Ambra.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003979">Succino fragrantior eſt Ambra, vt cùm <lb></lb>precioſiſſimis conferatur mercibus. </s> <s id="s.003980">Naſcitur <lb></lb>iuxta Sichrim Arabiæ felicis oppidulum. <arrow.to.target n="marg505"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Mira illius vis ad cerebrum: multa graue <lb></lb>olet propter odoris magnitudinem: tenues <lb></lb>habet craſſis partes immiſtas. </s> <s id="s.003981">Creditum eſt <lb></lb>eſſe ſemen piſcis horrendi monſtroſique ex <lb></lb>cetaceo genere, cuius caput lapidis referat <lb></lb>duritiem Hic in Africæ Oceano oritur, eiufſ<lb></lb>que nomen ambar: vnde thymiamati nomen <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg506"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="inditũ">inditum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.003982">Sunt illius tria genera odore, colore <lb></lb><expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> pondere ſibi inuicem reſpondentia. </s> <s id="s.003983">Al<lb></lb>bum leuiſſimum, odoratum, optimumque: <lb></lb>nigrum grauiſſimum, odore carens, atque <lb></lb>ignauum: cinereum omnibus his mediocre. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg507"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sultanus olim Ægypti tyrannus ſolebat ce<lb></lb>reis immiſcere ambram, voluptati, atque <lb></lb>valetudini ſimul conſulens Nos quibus ca<lb></lb>rior eſt ambra, nec opes regiæ, laſeris ſuc<lb></lb>cum, aut thus poſſemus immiſcere: nam vt <lb></lb>illa regibus, ita hæc priuatis magnifica at<lb></lb>que decora, ac delitiis apta. </s> <s id="s.003984">Petroleum autem <lb></lb>oleum eſt, quòd ex bitumine caloris vi ſpon<lb></lb>tè fluit, tenuiſſimum & calidum, grauiter <lb></lb>olens: vocat vulgus oleum de Saxo: dolori<lb></lb>bus frigidis etiam diuturnis præſens auxi<lb></lb>lium. </s> <s id="s.003985">Minus malè olet, mihi bene ore vide<lb></lb>tur, quod propriè Aſphaltum dicitur, pici ſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg508"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mile, ſed durius, ſplendidius, & minus malè <lb></lb>olens, etiam quibus malè olet. </s> <s id="s.003986">Effoditur è <lb></lb>Paleſtinæ lacu. </s> <s id="s.003987">Tanta verò vis luto huic, vt <lb></lb>circumcirca per 15000. paſſuum, neque ar<lb></lb>bores vireſcant, neque floreant, nec fructum <lb></lb>edant, ira cœli quaſi in terras illas ſæuiente. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003988">Carbones conſtant terra pingui, leui, atra: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg509"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>per totam Miſenam effodiuntur in monte <lb></lb>iuxta Zuiccam vrbem ad Muldam ſitam. </s> <s id="s.003989">Fa<lb></lb>bris in vſu ſunt. </s> <s id="s.003990">Virtus minor quàm Aſ<lb></lb>phalto, ſed tamen generis eiuſdem. </s> <s id="s.003991">Vt verò <lb></lb>ſuccinum ac bitumen plerunque benè olet, <lb></lb>ita ſemper ſulphur malè. </s> <s id="s.003992">Communia ſunt <lb></lb>vtrique, ardere facilè: ſed ſulphur vt faci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg510"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>liùs, ita Aſphaltum diutius. </s> <s id="s.003993">Verùm caue, ne <lb></lb>pro Aſphalto bitumine, litera mutata Aſpa<lb></lb>lathum legas, arborem odoratam, quam no<lb></lb>ſtri <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt reor) Santhalum vocant. </s> <s id="s.003994">Vſus ſulphu<lb></lb>ris egregius eſt, ac multiplex: nam ex eo pri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg511"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mùm pyrius puluis fit, nec abſque eo: mate<lb></lb>ria eſt enim omni igni apta, vt ſuperiùs de<lb></lb>monſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.003995">Reſiſtit etiam aquis, vt illis <lb></lb>immerſum multis maneat ſeculis: ab hoſte <lb></lb>quod pleriſque nunc contingit, tutius aqua, <lb></lb>quam ab amico igne. </s> <s id="s.003996">Idem cælatas figuras <lb></lb>gemmis liquefactum, ſi quid aliud, ad amuſ<lb></lb>ſim reddit. </s> <s id="s.003997">Et illitum ac ſuffitum, ſerpentes, <lb></lb>formicas, ac culices necat, prohibet, fugat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003998">Illitum & potum, ſcabies, lepras, & Galli<lb></lb>cum morbum tollit. </s> <s id="s.003999">Sed vehementiore vi <lb></lb>oleum eius. </s> <s id="s.004000">Quomodo fiat, inferius docebi<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.004001">Refert Reinerius Solenander, purum <lb></lb>auri admotum leniter, carbonum inſtar ar<lb></lb>dentium crepitare. </s> <s id="s.004002">Cum enim propè ignis <lb></lb>natura accedat, aëre præſertim motum cien<lb></lb>te, vapores remittit. </s> <s id="s.004003">Vnde non ſemper, ſed <lb></lb>cùm frangitur, id contingit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004004"><margin.target id="marg505"></margin.target>Ambræ ele<lb></lb>ctio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004005"><margin.target id="marg506"></margin.target>Candelæ be<lb></lb>ne olentes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004006"><margin.target id="marg507"></margin.target>Petroleum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004007"><margin.target id="marg508"></margin.target>Aſphaltum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004008"><margin.target id="marg509"></margin.target>Carbones.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004009"><margin.target id="marg510"></margin.target>Sulphur, & <lb></lb>illius vſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004010"><margin.target id="marg511"></margin.target>Santhalum <lb></lb>eſt Aſphala<lb></lb>tum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004011">Sal terræ magis ſulphure eſt particeps: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg512"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vnde ſuccus cum terra dici poteſt. </s> <s id="s.004012">Oleum in <lb></lb>ſe continet, ſi bitumini immiſceatur. </s> <s id="s.004013">Vnde <lb></lb>Arrianus refert, apud Ichthyophagos, in In<lb></lb>dica, ex ſale <expan abbr="oleũ">oleum</expan> illos excipere: Indicio quo<lb></lb>que eſt, quòd oliuæ littore maxis gaudeant: <lb></lb>nam ſalſum ſolùm etiam, non leuiter pingue <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.004014">Sed (vt dixi ) oleum omnia ſic continent, <lb></lb>quòd vi ignis detrahi poteſt. </s> <s id="s.004015">At multum <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>poteſt continere, niſi bitumen admiſtum ha<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg513"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>beat. </s> <s id="s.004016">Eſt genus ſalis foſſile, vt quòd Sal pe<lb></lb>træ dicimus, & Ammoniacum. </s> <s id="s.004017">Hoc omnium <pb pagenum="445" xlink:href="016/01/094.jpg"></pb>eſt amariſſimum, vt quod ſub arena arden<lb></lb>tiſſima eruitur. </s> <s id="s.004018">Salſum enim cùm vlteriùs <lb></lb>decoquitur, Galeno teſte, amarum euadit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004019">Itaque Ammoniacum ſal, etiam arte confi<lb></lb>ci poteſt: quamuis multi in hoc fruſtra labo<lb></lb>rauerint, Sal gemma ſplendet cryſtalli in mo<lb></lb>rem, acutius ſale factitio. </s> <s id="s.004020">Nam in omnibus <lb></lb>quæ arte fiunt, & elaborantur, <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> compoſi<lb></lb>tione, natura ſimile efficit: vnde ſulphur quod <lb></lb>ſpontè naſcitur, carius longè reliquo, quàm <lb></lb>ſit vtilius: ita in calchanto & cæteris. </s> <s id="s.004021">Te<lb></lb>nuiſſimum inter ſalis genera halinitrum eſt: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg514"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hoc medium inter ſal eſt ac nitrum. </s> <s id="s.004022">Nitrum <lb></lb>inuenitur in arena Nili præcipuè. </s> <s id="s.004023">Albertus, <lb></lb>Magnus cognomento, narrat in Goſelaria <lb></lb>aquam collectam in imo montis, qui Cyprio <lb></lb>abundabat ære, dum cogeretur, in <expan abbr="nitrũ">nitrum</expan> ver<lb></lb>ti. </s> <s id="s.004024">Huius candidior pars quædam ac laxa <expan abbr="pẽ-det">pen<lb></lb>det</expan> in ſpeluncis Stiriarum inſtar: quandoque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg515"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam è ſolo reſudat: <expan abbr="vocatúrq;">vocatúrque</expan> <expan abbr="Aphronitrũ">Aphronitrum</expan>, <lb></lb>quaſi nitri ſpuma. </s> <s id="s.004025">Vtrunque horum periiſſe <lb></lb>noſtra tempeſtate falsò creditum eſt, vnde <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg516"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>turbata compoſitio Diaſpolitici. </s> <s id="s.004026">Amarius eſt <lb></lb>ſale nitrum, & minus ſalſum: in quorum me<lb></lb>dio (vt dixi) <expan abbr="halinitrũ">halinitrum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.004027">Tenuibus partibus ac <lb></lb>ſicciſſimis conſtat, quòd putredine quadam <lb></lb>coaleſcat: vnde in cęmentis vetuſtis exoritur, <lb></lb>& vbi excrementa iumentorum in terra <expan abbr="cõ-">con<lb></lb></expan><arrow.to.target n="marg517"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>putruerunt. </s> <s id="s.004028">Mirum illud, quòd detracto ha<lb></lb>linitro è terra, ſi illa in cumulum redigatur, <lb></lb>pòſt quinque, aut ſex annos copioſius fœnus <lb></lb>reddit. </s> <s id="s.004029">Nec omninò abſurdum dici debet, ſa<lb></lb>lem ſerere. </s> <s id="s.004030">Nam (vt dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſeu cumuli terræ, è <lb></lb>quo detractum fuerit, ſub tuguriis ſeruentur, <lb></lb>ſeu halinitrum aqua diſſolutum in cumulos <lb></lb>terræ ſpargatur, non ſecùs ac ſato tritico, poſt <lb></lb>quinquennium copioſior fructus redditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004031">Sunt enim vires omnibus rebus, vt potentia <lb></lb>tale aliquid reddant, qualia actu priùs <expan abbr="fuerãt">fuerant</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004032">Quòd verò potentia eſt, ad actum etiam per<lb></lb>uenit vi Solis: vnde vermes & muſcæ in lo<lb></lb>cis, in quibus manent, id relinquunt, quo ad <lb></lb>aliorum ſimilium generationem, ac generis <lb></lb><expan abbr="multiplicationẽ">multiplicationem</expan> facultas ſuppeditatur. </s> <s id="s.004033">Exci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg518"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pitur autem hoc modo: In ciſtas perforatas, <lb></lb>lenáſque bouino, equinouè fimo, aut quod <lb></lb>melius eſt, <expan abbr="colũbino">columbino</expan> ſtercore aqua ſuperfun<lb></lb>ditur, quæ deinde excepto conſumitur ad ter<lb></lb>tiam ſui partem, inde hæc tertia pars alteri <lb></lb>fimo ſuperfunditur <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> excoquitur, excepta <lb></lb>denuò: <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> relicta tertia pars ſub diuo po<lb></lb>ſita, concreſcit in halinitrum. </s> <s id="s.004034">Quod verò elu<lb></lb>tum eſt, denuò alia aqua repurgatur, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ea<lb></lb>dem ratione, quod vtile eſt, excipitur. </s> <s id="s.004035">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi voluptatis cauſa, vt inferius docebimus, <lb></lb>halinitrum in aquam tranfierit, excocta per <lb></lb>horam fermè aqua excipitur cochleari: <lb></lb>cúmque primùm in pauimento gelaſcere <lb></lb>cœperit, ab igne amota, concreſcere ſi<lb></lb>nitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004036"><margin.target id="marg512"></margin.target>Sal continet <lb></lb>oleum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004037"><margin.target id="marg513"></margin.target>Genera ſalis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004038"><margin.target id="marg514"></margin.target>Nitrum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004039"><margin.target id="marg515"></margin.target><expan abbr="Aphronitrũ">Aphronitrum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004040"><margin.target id="marg516"></margin.target>Halinitrum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004041"><margin.target id="marg517"></margin.target>Halinitrum <lb></lb>generatio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004042"><margin.target id="marg518"></margin.target>Halinitrum <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>colligatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004043"><expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan> vt ad halinitri naturam redeam, in eo <lb></lb>tenuis pars eſt, tum in ſale aquæ & terræ im<lb></lb>miſta, quæ dum ardet, cogit terreas partes <lb></lb>diſſipari: ideóque ſubſilit ſal & halinitrum in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg519"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igne poſitum, & crepitat. </s> <s id="s.004044">Et cùm ſocero meo <lb></lb>igni aſſiſtenti, tegulæ peruertuſtæ fruſtum <lb></lb>igni impoſitum eſſet, repentè crepuit, & in <lb></lb>diuerſas partes magno impetu fragmenta <lb></lb>proſilierunt, nemine ex adſtantibus, quòd <lb></lb>mirum fuit, læſo. </s> <s id="s.004045">Cauſa huius fuit modica, <lb></lb>vt reor, halinitri pars (quòd tegula antiqua <lb></lb>eſſet) illi incluſa. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004046"><margin.target id="marg519"></margin.target>Cur ſal igne <lb></lb>crepitet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004047">Eadem ratione candelę è ſepo, aut cera ſali<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg520"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta crepitant, verùm cæteris longè diutius du<lb></lb>rant. </s> <s id="s.004048">Inter ſalis genera, ſalchali, ſeu alumen <lb></lb>catina reponi ſolet, vitri non ſolùm medica<lb></lb>mentum, vt quòd ductile efficiat, ſed etiam <lb></lb>materia. </s> <s id="s.004049">Aduehitur ex Oriente: ſed Braſauo<lb></lb>lus Ferrarienſis affirmat ex herba fieri poſſe <lb></lb>optimum, quæ iuxta Comum in ripa ſalſa<lb></lb>rum aquarum exoritur. </s> <s id="s.004050">Quòd ſi, vt illi credi<lb></lb>mus, vera eſt hiſtoria, propagata herba non <lb></lb>paruum compendium rei pecuniariæ fieret, <lb></lb><expan abbr="eſſétq;">eſſétque</expan> ars hæc admodum lucroſa. </s> <s id="s.004051">Illud ſatis <lb></lb>conſtat, hoc ſalis genus fieri ex Vſnen herba <lb></lb>arboreæ magnitudinis, ſaporis ſalſi, quàm <lb></lb>quidam exiſtimant eſſe Anthyllidis primum <lb></lb>genus. </s> <s id="s.004052">Salis ſubſtantia tenuior eſt materia <lb></lb>chalcanthi: cuius adeò ſunt variæ ſpecies, vt <lb></lb>illas explicare non leue ſit. </s> <s id="s.004053"><expan abbr="Chalcanthũ">Chalcanthum</expan> vul<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg521"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gus vitriolum vocat: denigrat adeò, vt ex ip<lb></lb>ſo fiat atramentum quo ſcribimus. </s> <s id="s.004054">Puluis hic <lb></lb>cineri coloris eſt, poſtquam triueris, immiſ<lb></lb>ſum vino, vel aquæ, illicò nigerrimam efficit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004055">Cauſa huius eſt quòd ſuccus eſt, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> denſus <lb></lb>admodum, tum ex partibus conſtans tenui<lb></lb>bus, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> exuſtis: quia ſuccus eſt, ideò reſolui<lb></lb>tur in humidam ſubſtantiam, & hærere po<lb></lb>teſt, nec calamo negotium faceſſit: quòd non <lb></lb>contingeret terreo, vbi terreum eſſet, etiamſi <lb></lb>in puluerem tenuiſſimum redigeretur. </s> <s id="s.004056">Cùm <lb></lb>verè deuſtus ſit, lumen prohibet, & nigrum <lb></lb>efficit: quia verò ex tenuiſſimis partibus con<lb></lb>ſtat, glutinoſum minimè reddit ſcriptorium <lb></lb>atramentum. </s> <s id="s.004057"><expan abbr="Atq;">Atque</expan> ex his facilè eſt coniicere <lb></lb>quarum ſit virium. </s> <s id="s.004058">Elegantius eo eſt Miſy, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg522"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quòd Romanum vocant vitriolum: eius fu<lb></lb>mus adeò grauis, vt etiam arbores ipſas ne<lb></lb>cet, & ſyluas deformet: ſplendet quandoque <lb></lb>Miſy, & aureis quaſi guttulis ſcintillat. </s> <s id="s.004059">In <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg523"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omni enim <expan abbr="foſſiliũ">foſſilium</expan> genere aliquid eſt, quòd <lb></lb>ſcintillat: vt inter ſuccos Miſy, inter metalla <lb></lb><expan abbr="aurũ">aurum</expan>, inter lapides gemmæ & marmora, inter <lb></lb>terras argentaria. </s> <s id="s.004060">Fit enim nitor, cùm denſa <lb></lb>materia ab arte, vel natura expolitur: at in <lb></lb>omni genere foſſilium aliquid denſum inue<lb></lb>niri neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.004061">Quæ vero pars chalchanti aut <lb></lb>Miſy quaſi ſpuma eruitur, nec elaboratur, di<lb></lb>citur Cuperoſa: à Galeno autem ac cæteris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg524"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>antiquis, chalcitis. </s> <s id="s.004062">Eſt autem candida, proxi<lb></lb>ma naturæ calcanthi, haud ſplendida, & <lb></lb>ciens egregiè vomitum. </s> <s id="s.004063">Exuſto chalcantho <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg525"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aut Miſy, vi ignis per vitrea vaſa oleum de<lb></lb>trahitur acutiſſimum, & calidiſſimum, aliter <lb></lb><expan abbr="chalcãthi">chalcanthi</expan> libras binas in vitreo vaſe, vas vi<lb></lb>treum in ferreo reponito: deſtilla, vbi aqua <lb></lb>non amplius exit, collum vaſis alterius vitrei <lb></lb>collo inſerito, ſic vt <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> reſpiret. </s> <s id="s.004064">Lutum vtri<lb></lb>que ignibus inuiolabile obducito, & follibus <lb></lb>oleum educito: ita totum hoc opus die vna <lb></lb>abſoluere licebit: ſi quis iam ſaucitas ver<lb></lb>rucas tangat, abſcedent illæ. </s> <s id="s.004065">Idem guſta<lb></lb>tum, ferit linguam, haud ſecùs quàm can<lb></lb>dens ferrum: eſt tamen illius vtilis ad <lb></lb>ſiccanda vlcera interiora deplorata, vbi <lb></lb>non multùm ſordida fuerint, vt in qui<lb></lb>buſdam contingit phthoë laborantibus abſ<lb></lb>que dolore. </s> <s id="s.004066">Facit ad præſcindendos can<lb></lb>cros, & corrupta membra, ligno oliuæ il<lb></lb>lito ex eo. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="446" xlink:href="016/01/095.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004067"><margin.target id="marg520"></margin.target>Candidæ <lb></lb>quod tardiſ<lb></lb>ſimè abſu<lb></lb>muntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004068">Sal chali, ſeu <lb></lb>alumen cati<lb></lb>na.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004069"><margin.target id="marg521"></margin.target><expan abbr="Chalcanthũ">Chalcanthum</expan> <lb></lb>cur adeò de<lb></lb>nigret.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004070"><margin.target id="marg522"></margin.target>Miſy.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004071"><margin.target id="marg523"></margin.target>In omni foſ<lb></lb>ſilium genere <lb></lb>eſt aliquid <lb></lb>quod ſplen<lb></lb>det.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004072"><margin.target id="marg524"></margin.target>Cuperoſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004073"><margin.target id="marg525"></margin.target>Oleum vl <lb></lb>trioli.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004074">Proxima <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dixi) ſuccis mixta reliqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg526"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>metallica, vt Pyrites, Marcheſitam vocat <lb></lb>vulgus: is componitur ex lapide & ſucco. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004075">Tot habet genera fermè, quot metalla inue<lb></lb>niuntur: dictus pyrites, quòd colliſus ignem <lb></lb>mittat ob duritiem: eſt plerunque argenti <lb></lb>coloris, ſplendens: qui ſi accendatur inſper<lb></lb>ſa acri aceto, lienem prædurum colliquat, ſi <lb></lb>quid aliud. </s> <s id="s.004076">Cauſa eſt partium tenuitas ac <lb></lb>caliditas, quæ lienem per cutim & perito<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg527"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>neum ingrediens extenuat. </s> <s id="s.004077">Idem per ſe vix <lb></lb>liqueſcit, adiecto plumbo ſoluitur, quòd om<lb></lb>nibus aridioribus metallicis contingit: cùm <lb></lb>enim humidum paucum fuerit, aut aqueum, <lb></lb>ſine plumbo ſi in ignem mittatur, priùs ab <lb></lb>ſumitur, quàm liqueſcat: illo adiecto, non <lb></lb>abſumitur: quare cùm concretum ſit frigore: <lb></lb>igni liquari neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.004078">Ob id cùm aurum, <lb></lb>argentumve lapide continetur, ſi plumbo <lb></lb>adiecto colliquentur, non perierit impenſa: <lb></lb>ſemper enim ſi per ſe hæc ignibus commit<lb></lb>tantur aliquid perit, quod vix adeò exiguum <lb></lb>eſſe poteſt, vt non plumbi iacturam ſuperet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg528"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Porrò pyritidis aliud eſt fterile, aliud quod <lb></lb>metallum continet, æs plerunque, quod ſte<lb></lb>rile non eſt, argentum, etiam nonnunquam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004079">Creditum eſt, ob ſterile genus eſſe halitum <lb></lb>potiùs, quàm metallicam materiam: ſed con<lb></lb>ſtat eſſe ex metalli genere: nam cum plum<lb></lb>bo miſtum, efficit notularum pro typis vir<lb></lb>gulas. </s> <s id="s.004080">Vidi in candidiſſimi marmoris fruſto <lb></lb>tantam aureæ pyritidis copiam, vt totum <lb></lb>metallo ſcatere videretur, ne ſcires propè an <lb></lb>magis aurum lapidi, an lapis auro innatus <lb></lb>eſſet. </s> <s id="s.004081">Eruitur plerunque confracto lapide, <lb></lb>quod pyrites durior ſit marmore, ſilice, ſaxo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004082">Eſt & fragilis: quoniam leuis: ſæpè enim hæc <lb></lb>ob ſiccitatem ſociantur. </s> <s id="s.004083">Candidus purior, <lb></lb>ideò grauior. </s> <s id="s.004084">Quò fit vt quidam lapidis par<lb></lb>tem eſſe putent metalli vapore exuſtam, cui <lb></lb>locus eſt argumento: verticibus enim mon<lb></lb>tium naſcitur: ſed abundantia oſtendit cru<lb></lb>dum eſſe metallum: auream æris informem <lb></lb>materiam. </s> <s id="s.004085">Hæc eadem tum locorum natura <lb></lb>ex imbrium caſu ſuper lapides, & exhalatio<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.004086">Sint igitur hæ omnes ſimul horum cauſa <lb></lb>imbres, quorum caſu etiam metalla, lapides, <lb></lb>tæ, animalia, & præcipuè piſces generantur, <lb></lb>exhalatione ac vi metallorum excocti: nam <lb></lb>in ſuperficie monitum talia abundant colo<lb></lb>rata, & exuſta, quæ & in metallum temporis <lb></lb>curſu tranſeunt, & metallum continent, nam <lb></lb>à matrice ſeparata ſunt. </s> <s id="s.004087">Eſt igitur huiuſmo<lb></lb>di materia tanquam mola fœtus compara<lb></lb>tione, & ſemen alieno loco effuſum. </s> <s id="s.004088">Ex eius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg529"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>genere eſt Ciſum, medium quaſi inter pyri<lb></lb>tidem & galenam. </s> <s id="s.004089">Effloreſcit ex pyritide <lb></lb>nonnunquam ſory, melanteria, & chalcitis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg530"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>at ex his myſi. </s> <s id="s.004090">Atramentum eſt melanteria <lb></lb>& ex vitrioli genere, vt dictum eſt: ſed quod <lb></lb>ex illo eſt cæruleum, mirum in modum nitet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg531"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>In atramento ſutorio alumen contineri, haud <lb></lb>obſcurum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004091">Nam ſi lutum eius aqua dilua<lb></lb>tur, concreſcit in eo alumen, & oleum atra<lb></lb>menti odorem aluminis ſpirat. </s> <s id="s.004092">Ex pyritide & <lb></lb>argento cadmiæ <expan abbr="quoddã">quoddam</expan> genus conſtat, quod <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg532"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocatur cobaltum. </s> <s id="s.004093">Hæc adeò acris eſt, vt pe<lb></lb>des fodientium exurat: cauſa eſt calor haud <lb></lb>paruus, ſed mediocris. </s> <s id="s.004094">Si tamen eſſet ma<lb></lb>gnus, ſpontè eiiceretur, non foderetur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004095"><margin.target id="marg526"></margin.target>Marcheſita.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004096"><margin.target id="marg527"></margin.target>Cur metalli<lb></lb>ca adiecto <lb></lb>plumbo li<lb></lb>queſcant, et ſi <lb></lb>per ſe arida <lb></lb>ſint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004097"><margin.target id="marg528"></margin.target>Pyrites <expan abbr="ar-gentũ">ar<lb></lb>gentum</expan> quan<lb></lb>doque conti<lb></lb>net, ſæpius <lb></lb>æs.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004098"><margin.target id="marg529"></margin.target>Ciſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004099"><margin.target id="marg530"></margin.target><expan abbr="Atramentũ">Atramentum</expan> <lb></lb>cæruleum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004100"><margin.target id="marg531"></margin.target>In atramento <lb></lb>ſutorio alu<lb></lb>men contine<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004101"><margin.target id="marg532"></margin.target>Cobaltum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004102">Sed eſt & tepor in foſſilibus, velut in his, <lb></lb>quæ in valle fodiuntur vocata Ioachimica: <lb></lb>quamuis enim natura talia frigida ſint, eru<lb></lb>ta tamen calida videntur, ob bitumen, aut <lb></lb>ſulphur, aut acrem aliquem ſuccum de na<lb></lb>tura illorum, aut calcis. </s> <s id="s.004103">Porrò pyritidis for<lb></lb>ma nunquam, vt teſſeræ, imò quandoque <lb></lb>etiam, vt cubi vel aleæ diceres naturam con<lb></lb>tendiſſe cum arte. </s> <s id="s.004104">Eſt & ex eo fuluus, quem <lb></lb>aureum vocant. </s> <s id="s.004105">Proximum ei ſtibium, colori, <lb></lb>plumbei, ſplendido fulgore, ſquamoſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004106">Oleum ex eo elicitur rubrum, <expan abbr="acutúmq;">acutúmque</expan> val<lb></lb>dè: ſulphur olet, & vim eius retinet oleum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004107">Ipſum antimonium (nam ſic nunc vocant <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg533"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtibium<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ob ſubſtantiæ craſſitudinem ad pau<lb></lb>ca vtile. </s> <s id="s.004108">Et vt ipſum plumbi, ita pyrites æris <lb></lb>particeps eſſe videtur: ob quam cauſam <lb></lb>etiam pyrites (vt dixi) ſplene extenuat. </s> <s id="s.004109">Vide<lb></lb>tur enim pyrites eſſe immatura ſubſtantia <lb></lb>æris, non exhalatio: nam in Ocris montibus <lb></lb>iuxta Tergeſtum tam longè <expan abbr="latéq;">latéque</expan> patet py<lb></lb>ritidis fodina, vt ſi exhalatio eſſet pyrites <lb></lb>æris, montem totum æreum eſſe oporteret. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004110"><margin.target id="marg533"></margin.target><expan abbr="Antimoniũ">Antimonium</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004111">Sed ad Cadmiam reuertor: ex ea eſt, quæ <lb></lb>allium vſta olet, adeò fœtet, vt quæ Anne<lb></lb>bergi effoditur. </s> <s id="s.004112">Cadmia ipſa crocei plerun<lb></lb>que coloris eſt, & conficiendo ob id auri<lb></lb>chalco aptiſſima. </s> <s id="s.004113">Inſunt & metallicis me<lb></lb>talla, vt ſtibio quandoque argentum, quod <lb></lb>tamen ſolo igne ſeparari queat. </s> <s id="s.004114">Ipſum verò <lb></lb>ſtibium in vaſe excoctum, tranſit in plumbi <lb></lb>quoddam genus quod quartum poteſt dici. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004115">Cauſa eſt, quòd Antimonium ſit plumbi ma<lb></lb>teria, vt æris pyrites. </s> <s id="s.004116">Sic chryſocolla ſucci <lb></lb>genus eſt, aurum continens, à quo nomen <lb></lb>ſumpſit. </s> <s id="s.004117">Eroſione quadam fiunt aquarum <lb></lb>acutarum, chryſocolla auri, & cæruleum, ſi<lb></lb>múlque naſcuntur, altero alterum vincente, <lb></lb><expan abbr="plerunq;">plerunque</expan> tamen cæruleo, vt author eſt Theo<lb></lb>phraſtus: <expan abbr="chalchantũ">chalchantum</expan> ex æris, aquæ ſtygiæ ex <lb></lb><expan abbr="auripigmẽto">auripigmento</expan>. </s> <s id="s.004118">Alia igitur <expan abbr="fiũt">fiunt</expan> ex materia <expan abbr="me-tallũ">me<lb></lb>tallum</expan>, alia ex ipſis metallis: ex <expan abbr="metallorũ">metallorum</expan> mate<lb></lb>ria diximus <expan abbr="pyritidẽ">pyritidem</expan>, & ſtybium: ex metallis <lb></lb>eroſis chalcanthum, chalcitidem, chryſocol<lb></lb>lam, & ſtygiam aquam, miſy, ſory, taliáque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004119">Quæ autem erodunt, acuta partim, aut ſalſa, <lb></lb>aut acida, nam & in artificis hoc idem li<lb></lb>cet intueri: verùm ſufficiet etiam ſola mate<lb></lb>ria, quæ erodatur: nam verius chalcan<lb></lb>tum, & chalcitis ex æris materia fiunt, <lb></lb>quàm ex ære, vt oſtendemus, fit potiùs <lb></lb>ærugo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004120">Auripigmentum & ipſum videtur au<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg534"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ri particeps eſſe, ſed impenſa ſuperat lu<lb></lb>crum. </s> <s id="s.004121">Eius tria genera ſunt: Natiuum <lb></lb>eſt croceum, eo & ſale fit album, quod vo<lb></lb>cant Arſenicum. </s> <s id="s.004122">Hoc cùm veteraſcit, lu<lb></lb>cidum efficitur, ideóque omnium deterri<lb></lb>mum, vocàntque Roſagallum. </s> <s id="s.004123">Nihil enim <lb></lb>prohibet ſimile fieri natura arte miſtura, <lb></lb>idem autem eſſe non poteſt: nec propter id, <lb></lb>quòd ſint plura genera, vnum in alterius <lb></lb>colorem tranſire prohibetur, quandoqui<lb></lb>dem iuxta caloris & humidi multitudi<lb></lb>nem, calores in vnaquaque ſpecie natura <lb></lb>vel arte mutentur. </s> <s id="s.004124">Nam & igne non ſe<lb></lb>cùs ac natura auripigmentum mutatur <lb></lb>in ſandaracham, colore quidem, non autem <lb></lb>ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.004125">Nihil enim prohibet ab igneo <lb></lb>calore genereri etiam ſub terra, non vt <pb pagenum="447" xlink:href="016/01/096.jpg"></pb>ſpeciem, aut perfectum aliquid, ſed vt ex<lb></lb>crementum quoddam. </s> <s id="s.004126">Sunt autem & colo<lb></lb>res viuaces in excrementis: tales enim etiam <lb></lb>ab igne fiunt. </s> <s id="s.004127">Si igitur aliqua ſub terra fiunt <lb></lb>ab igneo calore, quid prohibet etiam eadem <lb></lb>arte fieri? </s> <s id="s.004128">Omnia tamen hæc venena ſunt <lb></lb>præſentanea: mitius tamen ex his croceum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg535"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quod nomen antiquum retinuit. </s> <s id="s.004129">Nec ſolùm <lb></lb>hominibus venena hæc ſunt, ſed plantis, ani<lb></lb>malibúſque. </s> <s id="s.004130">Suffitu plantæ pereunt. </s> <s id="s.004131">Verùm <lb></lb>& mures non ſolùm, ſed etiam lupi, ſi ex eo <lb></lb>ederint, nec aquam bibere poſſint, non ſo<lb></lb>lùm moriuntur, ſed in rabiem adeò efferun<lb></lb>tur, vt ſui generis animalia inuadant: & quæ<lb></lb>cunque momorderint, in eandem rabiem in<lb></lb>cidant, vt totum genus breui pereat: cuius <lb></lb>rei quandoque feci experimentum. </s> <s id="s.004132">Sed ta<lb></lb>men periculoſum eſt, ne etiam cicurada per<lb></lb>das, & innoxia animalia, & ne aqua inuenta <lb></lb>fruſtreris. </s> <s id="s.004133">Verùm parua re, ſi benè cedat, do<lb></lb>mum muribus plenam expurgabis. </s> <s id="s.004134">In lupis <lb></lb>difficilius eſt, cùm aquam celeriùs inueniant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg536"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sed nec his ſolùm venenum eſt, ſed auro, <lb></lb>argentó que auripigmentum, & reliqua ſic<lb></lb>ca, vt ſtibium, ærugo, ſulphur, contraria ra<lb></lb>tione, qua plumbum illis eſt ſalutare: nam <lb></lb>humidum illorum abſumunt, vt non poſſint <lb></lb>benè liquari: verùm agente igne, cùm non <lb></lb>ſit, quòd reſiſtat illius ſiccitati, vritur me<lb></lb>talli ſubſtantia, & in fumum tranſit. </s> <s id="s.004135">Itaque <lb></lb>celerius æs abſumunt auro & <expan abbr="argẽto">argento</expan>, ſed ta<lb></lb>men & hæc immiſta pinguedine ſua eua<lb></lb>neſcere cogunt. </s> <s id="s.004136">Quum enim pinguem par<lb></lb>tem habeant, quæ ardet intus metallis im<lb></lb>miſta, proprium humidum metalli in fu<lb></lb>mum agunt: quo abſumpto, metallum & ip<lb></lb>ſum euaneſcit, quod non niſi eo humido <lb></lb>conſtat: vt enim arborum nodi magni non <lb></lb>vruntur per ſe, adiunctis lignis ſocietate ar<lb></lb>dent: in humidum auri, & argenti, quod per <lb></lb>ſe vri non eſt aptum, addito auripigmento, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg537"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſulphuræ ac talibus, ardet & conſumitur. </s> <s id="s.004137">Ex <lb></lb>horum igitur genere eſt, quod monetam de<lb></lb>corticat, non ſecus ac ſerpens ſolet corticem <lb></lb>amittere, manente imagine. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004138"><margin.target id="marg534"></margin.target>Auripigmë<lb></lb>tum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004139">Arſenicum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004140">Roſagallum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004141"><margin.target id="marg535"></margin.target>Modus mu<lb></lb>res necandi, <lb></lb>& lupos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004142"><margin.target id="marg536"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>ſicca auro, & <lb></lb>argento ſunt <lb></lb>venenum, ſi <lb></lb>cum his li<lb></lb>quentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004143"><margin.target id="marg537"></margin.target>Moneta de <lb></lb>corticari po. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004144">teſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004145">Chryſocolla <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004146">Redeo ad chryſocollam, quam boracem <lb></lb>nunc dicunt: eius eſt genus factitium, quod <lb></lb>alumine ſciſſo, & ammoniaco ſale fieri ſolet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004147">Exiſtimat Galenus etiam vrina pueri in æreo <lb></lb>mortario aſſiduè agitata ſub caniculæ ortu <lb></lb>confici poſſe. </s> <s id="s.004148">Colos factitiæ croceus, ſplen<lb></lb>dens: vtuntur aurifices ad auri fruſta iun<lb></lb>genda, inde inditum nomen. </s> <s id="s.004149">At cœruleus vel <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg538"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cyaneus lapis, quem lazuli vocant noſtri, <lb></lb>pulcherrimus eſt, cœli colore intermicanti<lb></lb>bus aureis maculis. </s> <s id="s.004150">Inde è rei natura mira <lb></lb>occaſio artifici data dum cælatur: aurum or<lb></lb>nat, veſtes, vel ſydera refert. </s> <s id="s.004151">Oportet autem <lb></lb>eligere aptum & benè diſtinctum, cælaréque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg539"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>figuram ſculturæ ſimilem, non cauam. </s> <s id="s.004152">San<lb></lb>daracha eſt, quam vulgus vocat auripigmen<lb></lb>tum rubeum, ſed auripigmentum non eſt, <lb></lb>ſulphureum quid olet, & exterius crocea, <lb></lb>non ſplendens, intus rubra, ſpleudida, odor <lb></lb>tamen non eſt admodum ingratus: exterioris <lb></lb>coloris ſimilitudine croceo admiſtam auri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg540"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pigmento vendunt. </s> <s id="s.004153">Sydera, quam Manga<lb></lb>nenſem Itali vocant, terra eſt repurgando <lb></lb>nitro aptiſſima, illud tingens cæruleo colo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg541"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.004154">Eſt alia etiam, quæ ſic vitrum tingit cæ<lb></lb>rulei coloris, quam Zapharam quidam ap<lb></lb>pellant. </s> <s id="s.004155">Eſt & metallici generis terra viri<lb></lb>dis, quam Itali Azurrum viride vocant, nos <lb></lb>chlorogeam. </s> <s id="s.004156">Naſcitur in fodinis æris, & ar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg542"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>genti feracibus, vnde veriſimile eſt ex halitu <lb></lb>fieri æris ac argenti: ſplendet, & ob id cœ<lb></lb>ruleo lapidi perſimilis, ſed non tamen adeò <lb></lb>vtilis ad opera. </s> <s id="s.004157"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> cærulei lapidis color, nec <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg543"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igne, nec aquâ vitiatur, & vix vlla vetuſtate. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004158">Vnde illi honos & pretium. </s> <s id="s.004159">Cauſa eſt, quòd <lb></lb>denſiſſimus ſit, & tenuiſſimæ ſubſtantiæ. </s> <s id="s.004160">Vn<lb></lb>de modica quantitas tabulæ magnæ ſatisfa<lb></lb>cit, velut & de auro, & argento dicemus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004161">Cauſa tenuitatis ac denſitatis, diuturna co<lb></lb>ctio & ſeparatio partium inutilium. </s> <s id="s.004162">Ob <lb></lb>hanc cauſam pſeudo cæruleæ honos nullus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg544"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fermè: hæc ex Hiſpaniis aduehitur, ſed longè <lb></lb>cæruleo lapide inferior: quòd non tam te<lb></lb>nuis, nec denſa, ob id plus exigitur in opere, <lb></lb>nec vetuſtati aut ignibus, vel aquæ ſuſtinen<lb></lb>dæ paruis. </s> <s id="s.004163">Verùm chlorogeæ adhuc honos <lb></lb>eſt, quoniam non vicaria, ſed principalis vi<lb></lb>ce fungitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004164"><margin.target id="marg538"></margin.target>Lazuli.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004165"><margin.target id="marg539"></margin.target>Sandaracha.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004166"><margin.target id="marg540"></margin.target>Syderea.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004167"><margin.target id="marg541"></margin.target>Cærulea.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004168"><margin.target id="marg542"></margin.target>Chlorogea. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004169"><margin.target id="marg543"></margin.target>Color ex la<lb></lb>zulo igni, & <lb></lb>aquæ, & ve<lb></lb>tustati haud <lb></lb>obnoxius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004170"><margin.target id="marg544"></margin.target>Pſeudo cæru<lb></lb>lea.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004171">Sunt & terræ miſtæ metallis, vt Galena, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg545"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quam Ocriam vocant Itali, plumbo, & ter<lb></lb>ra conſtat: materia eſt plumbi haud perfe<lb></lb>cti proculdubio, atque ideò liquandis metal<lb></lb>lis aptiſſima, tum maximè cùm ex matrice <lb></lb>ſunt eruendi. </s> <s id="s.004172">Eſt autem lapis cum metallo <lb></lb>iunctus matrix. </s> <s id="s.004173">Nam pleraque nobiliora <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg546"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>metalla in lapidoſa materia iacent, quam <lb></lb>matricem: nuncupare liceat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004174"><margin.target id="marg545"></margin.target>Galena.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004175"><margin.target id="marg546"></margin.target>Matrix.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004176">Verùm inter metallica nullum excellen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg547"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tius argento viuo inuenire licet, ſolerti in<lb></lb>duſtria vbi oriatur, depræhendunt. Menſibus <lb></lb>Aprilis ac Maij ſub aurora ſereno cœlo in <lb></lb>montibus ſpèctant aſcendentes vapores, ac <lb></lb>veluti nebulam non altius ſe attollentem, <lb></lb>ſed humillimam, ac quaſi hærentem terræ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004177">Quò fit, vt coniectores argenti viui ibi ſe<lb></lb>dem aſſequantur. </s> <s id="s.004178">Grauiſſimum eſt ac tenuiſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg548"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſimum, quæ duo cùm etiam auro conueni<lb></lb>rent, ſperabant quidem ex vno alterum con<lb></lb>fici poſſe. </s> <s id="s.004179">Nempe non ſolum inter metalla, <lb></lb>ſed inter omnia quod ſciam hucuſque au<lb></lb>rum ſolum in eo mergitur, ac deſcendit, cùm <lb></lb>cætera ſupernatent. </s> <s id="s.004180">Idem viuum argentum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg549"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cum aurum combiberit, ſeu etiam per ſe <lb></lb>corium ceruinum, quod craſſiſſimum eſt, pe<lb></lb>netrat. </s> <s id="s.004181">Hoc enim modo aurum ſeligunt: ca<lb></lb>lefaciunt argentum viuum, atque ei impo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg550"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nunt veſtium fragmenta inaurata, aut alia, <lb></lb>quæ aurum continent, & (vt dixi) breui au<lb></lb>rum ipſum ab argento viuo abſorbetur, in<lb></lb>de exprimitur argentum viuum corio, ma<lb></lb>net autem in imo quod modico igne colli<lb></lb>quatum concreſcit. </s> <s id="s.004182">Sunt & alij modi aurum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg551"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>colligendi, ſed non ſine acutis aquis, aut <lb></lb>ſulphuræ, & opera haud leui. </s> <s id="s.004183">Oleum co<lb></lb>rium non tranſit adeò celeriter, vt videatur <lb></lb>argentum viuum etiam oleo eſſe tenuius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004184">Erodit omnia metallica vaſa, æs, argen<lb></lb>tum, plumbum perforat: vnde ligneis vaſ<lb></lb>culis tutius, quàm metallicis committitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004185">Incredibile eſt dictu, ſed tamen quod quiſ<lb></lb>que, vt ego feci, poteſt experiri. </s> <s id="s.004186">Narrabat <lb></lb>mihi hoc Hieronymus Gemmarius ab oculis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg552"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dictus, ſed fidem non poteram adhibere ci<lb></lb>tra experimentum. </s> <s id="s.004187">Aurum ſcilicet argento <lb></lb>viuo illitum fragilius euadere oui cortice, <pb pagenum="448" xlink:href="016/01/097.jpg"></pb>vt etiam rimas contrahat per ſe, nec abſi<lb></lb>mile reddatur cæmento vel molliſſimo. </s> <s id="s.004188">Cùm <lb></lb>verò in aureo coronato expertus eſſem, to<lb></lb>tum in plurima fruſta perfregi: quamo<lb></lb>brem qui annulos aureos geſtant, diligenter <lb></lb>cauere decet, ne argento viuo <expan abbr="coinquinẽtur">coinquinentur</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004189">Sola enim vmbra illius, metalla obnoxia <lb></lb>reddit, ſed tamen aurum magis longè argen<lb></lb>to, Cauſam huius eſſe neceſſe eſt, quòd ſub<lb></lb>tilitate ſua intus penetrat, & frigiditate co<lb></lb>git, vnde friabile redditur. </s> <s id="s.004190">Oſtendit hoc <lb></lb>aquæ frigiditas in chalybe: nam in ea fre<lb></lb>quenter extinctus adeò fragilis redditur, <lb></lb>tum maximè ſi aqua ſit frigidiſſima, vt ſpon<lb></lb>tè rumpatur. </s> <s id="s.004191">Eſſe verò frigidiſſimum ar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg553"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gentum viuum, tactus oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.004192">Vnde Mauri, <lb></lb>& qui in Africa habitant, ſummis illis calo<lb></lb>ribus requiem quærentes, vas lapideum, li<lb></lb>gneumve argento viuo replent, cui corium <lb></lb>ſuperponunt, atque corio inde incubant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004193">Quod etiam ferro experimentum ſi fiat, con<lb></lb>ducet. </s> <s id="s.004194">Sed cur quaſi ſolum aurum frangitur, <lb></lb>ac maximè inter metalla? </s> <s id="s.004195">Quia ipſum etiam <lb></lb>ſolum, vt infrà oſtendemus, expers eſt pin<lb></lb>guedinis craſſioris: illius enim humidum eſt <lb></lb>tenuiſſimum, quod autem tenuiſſimum eſt, <lb></lb>& minimè pingue, facillimè gelaſcit. </s> <s id="s.004196">Oleum <lb></lb>enim & pinguia omnia concreſcunt qui<lb></lb>dem, ſed minimè congelantur. </s> <s id="s.004197">Et ideò qui <lb></lb>aquam in glaciem vertere ſtudent, coquunt <lb></lb>eam, vt tenuior facta faciliùs congeletur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004198">Frigus igitur argenti viui cùm folida pene<lb></lb>trare ſoleat (ſubſtantia enim caret) humidum <lb></lb>auri congelat. </s> <s id="s.004199">Ideoque aurum admodum fit <lb></lb>fragile. </s> <s id="s.004200">Omne enim quod congelatur, etiam <lb></lb>fragile fit. </s> <s id="s.004201">Indicio ſunt glacies, ligna, piſces, <lb></lb>adeò vtin vehementibus frigoribus conge<lb></lb>lati artus integri ab hominibus ipſis deci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg554"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>derint. </s> <s id="s.004202">Sed ad rem reuertar. </s> <s id="s.004203">Ob grauitatem <lb></lb>argentum viuum in vnum coit, petit enim <lb></lb>imum: hoc autem plerunque vnum eſt, ob id <lb></lb>etiam in vnum coit. </s> <s id="s.004204">Coit & alia ratione: nam <lb></lb>humidum eſt atque pingue, hócque dum <lb></lb>mouetur in via relinquit, vnde ea facilior <lb></lb>ac pronior tranſitus, ob quem in vnum, & <lb></lb>in vnam etiam ſedem fertur. </s> <s id="s.004205">Quia verò gra<lb></lb>ue & rotundum, quacunque ex cauſa & ce<lb></lb>lerrimè illud ferri neceſſe eſt: vnde vix quie<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg555"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſcit, inde nomen ei inditum. </s> <s id="s.004206">Eſt igitur ar<lb></lb>gentum viuum quaſi metallum non concre<lb></lb>tum: vt igitur metallum ad argentum vi<lb></lb>uum, ſic ad aquam glacies: & vt non antè <lb></lb>glacies euaneſcit, quàm diſſoluatur, ita nec <lb></lb>metalla antequam liqueſcant. </s> <s id="s.004207">Sed argentum <lb></lb>viuum celerrimè, cùm ſit ſpontè vt aqua li<lb></lb>quidum, euaneſcit: vt verò aqua dum eua<lb></lb>neſcit, velut in diſtillationibus, frigore de<lb></lb>nuò concreſcit, ita argentum viuum poſt<lb></lb>quam igne euanuerit, hæret tectis, & la<lb></lb>quearibus: vtque argentum viuum, & me<lb></lb>talla minore indigent frigore, quàm aqua, & <lb></lb>glacies: nam metallo ſufficit, ne immodica <lb></lb>caliditate impediatur, vt concreſcat, aquæ <lb></lb>vt gelu concipiat immodica frigiditate eſt <lb></lb>opus, ita aquæ vt euaneſcat minor calor eſt <lb></lb>neceſſarius, quàm argento viuo. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg556"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004208"><margin.target id="marg547"></margin.target><expan abbr="Argentũ">Argentum</expan> vi<lb></lb>uum quomo<lb></lb>do inuenia<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004209"><margin.target id="marg548"></margin.target>Aurum <expan abbr="ſolũ">ſolum</expan> <lb></lb>in argento <lb></lb>viuo mergi<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004210"><margin.target id="marg549"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>viuum co<lb></lb>rium cerui<lb></lb>num tranſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004211"><margin.target id="marg550"></margin.target>Modus ſeli<lb></lb>gendi au<lb></lb>rum, quod in <lb></lb>fragmentis <lb></lb>eſt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004212"><margin.target id="marg551"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>viuum om<lb></lb>nia metalli<lb></lb>ca vaſa per<lb></lb>forat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004213"><margin.target id="marg552"></margin.target>Aurum ar<lb></lb>gento viuo <lb></lb>illitum per <lb></lb>ſe frangitur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004214"><margin.target id="marg553"></margin.target>Mauri quo<lb></lb>modo refri<lb></lb>gerationem <lb></lb>aſſequantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004215"><margin.target id="marg554"></margin.target>Hominibus <lb></lb>ab gelu ar<lb></lb>tus decide<lb></lb>runt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004216">Cur argen<lb></lb>tum <expan abbr="viuũ">viuum</expan> in <lb></lb>vnum coëat <lb></lb>ſpontè.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004217"><margin.target id="marg555"></margin.target>Argenti vi<lb></lb>ui, & aquæ <lb></lb>comparatio, <lb></lb>& quadri<lb></lb>plex ſimili<lb></lb>tudo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004218"><margin.target id="marg556"></margin.target>Quid ſi ar<lb></lb>gentum vi<lb></lb>uum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004219">Eſt ergo argentum viuum, aqua quædam <lb></lb>denſata, non calore, nam non cogitur: nec <lb></lb>frigore, eſſet enim lapis, vel metallum: ſed <lb></lb>tenuiſſima parte ac puriſſima terrea, quò fit, <lb></lb>vt grauiſſimum ſit, frigidiſſimum, ſplendens, <lb></lb>ac liquidum: miſtum eſt autem potiùs, quàm <lb></lb>concretum, cùm (vt dixi) liquidum ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004220">Simile eſt igitur aquæ argentum viuum <lb></lb>quatuor modis: vtrunque frigidiſſimum, & <lb></lb>cùm euanuerit ob calorem, frigore ad ſe re<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.004221">Fluit ad decliuia vtrunque, & in rotun<lb></lb>dam formam coëunt ambo, dum ſiccum re<lb></lb>fugiunt. </s> <s id="s.004222">Cauſa verò, cur in puluere atque <arrow.to.target n="marg557"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam in ſicco rotunda euadunt <expan abbr="argentũ">argentum</expan> vi<lb></lb>uum, aqua, eſt, quoniam refugiunt <expan abbr="contactũ">contactum</expan> <lb></lb>ſicci: at in nulla parte minore poteſt corpus, <lb></lb>corpus aliud tangere, quam in puncto: igitur <lb></lb>argentum viuum, & aqua conantur ſiccum <lb></lb>in puncto tangere: hoc autem manifeſtè <expan abbr="cõ-tingit">con<lb></lb>tingit</expan>, ſi rotunda euadant: nam ſphæra pla<lb></lb>num in ſolo puncto tangit: igitur partes <lb></lb>aquæ, & argenti viui dum ſuper puluerulen<lb></lb>tam tabulam ſparguntur, rotundæ euadent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004223">Sed cùm magnæ moles non id efficiant, nec <lb></lb>in conum pronum formentur, ſignum eſt <lb></lb>eam rotunditatem, in qua extrema à latere <lb></lb>pendent, & graue præter rationem ſuſtine<lb></lb>tur, ab humido lento contineri: atque ideò <lb></lb>cùm argentum viuum in maiores orbes <lb></lb>eo eat aquâ, atque etiam grauius ſit lentum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg558"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maximè eſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.004224">Spargitur etiam ſi <lb></lb>quid aliud, & oleo tenuius hærentibus par<lb></lb>tibus, quod eſt lentoris argentum. </s> <s id="s.004225">Quòd igi<lb></lb>tur in orbem coëat argentum viuum, facit <lb></lb>odium ſicci, quòd manere poſſit lentor. </s> <s id="s.004226">At<lb></lb>que ob id longè minùs aquæ partes eam ro<lb></lb>tunditatem ſeruant, quòd etiam longè mi<lb></lb>nùs lenta ſit aqua, quàm argentum viuum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004227">Cùm verò parum differant aqua, & argen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg559"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tum viuum, conſimilíſque ſint naturæ, ob id <lb></lb>montes, in quibus oritur, & virent pulchrè, <lb></lb>& fontibus ſcatent. </s> <s id="s.004228">Lentore autem aurum, <lb></lb>& reliqua metalla fœdat: aut ſaltem, ſi mi<lb></lb>tiore vti nomine placet, dealbat, adeóque vt <lb></lb>ſeipſum velut grauia prodat. </s> <s id="s.004229">Operæ pretium <lb></lb>autem eſſe duco, vt hiſtoriam narrem eo<lb></lb>rum, quæ mihi contigerunt, poſtquam de<lb></lb>nuò in patriam è gymnaſio reuerſus ſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004230">Medebar in domo Nigrolorum: hi erant <lb></lb>armorum fabri, non quidem vulgarium, ſed <lb></lb>quæ à regibus expeterentur. </s> <s id="s.004231">Ibi fortè cùm <lb></lb>uerſarer, contigit, vt annulum, quem in in<lb></lb>dice digito geſtabam, hyacintho decorum, <lb></lb>ſæpius album factum viderem: quod ani<lb></lb>maduertens, nec cauſam intelligens, ſuſpicio<lb></lb>nem iniecerat, ne ab aliquo venenum acce<lb></lb>piſſem: memineram enim non me tractaſſe <lb></lb>talia. </s> <s id="s.004232">Sed nullum immicum tunc mihi eſſe <lb></lb>perſuadebam: næ æmulatio quamuis maxi<lb></lb>ma, in vrbe noſtra eò progreditur, vt ad per<lb></lb>niciem tendat, ſed calumniis, ſuſpicionibus, <lb></lb>infamia, iudiciíſque falſis homines perſe<lb></lb>quuntur: éſtque hoc in ciuitate noſtra opti<lb></lb>mum, ad necem ob ſolam inuidiam non ſæ<lb></lb>uire. </s> <s id="s.004233">Itaque dum hæc mecum verſo, animad<lb></lb>uerto maculam hanc ſola aqua elui. </s> <s id="s.004234">Inde me<lb></lb>cum reuoluens cauſam, ſuſpicabar aliquem <lb></lb>è meis ægris argentum viuum, aut ſublima<lb></lb>tum hauſiſſe. </s> <s id="s.004235">Interim dum hæc cogito, ani<lb></lb>maduero, me è domo illa egredientem annu<lb></lb>lum habere dealbatum. </s> <s id="s.004236">Mentem adhi<lb></lb>beo diligentius, audio à puero meo ar<lb></lb>gentum viuum ea in domo muris hærere: <lb></lb>tandem cognoui, diligenter rem obſeruans, <pb pagenum="449" xlink:href="016/01/098.jpg"></pb>aurum ex ſolo tranſitu eius domus, in qua <lb></lb>caſſides, galeæ, cæteráque ornamenta equi<lb></lb>tum inaurantur, fœdari. </s> <s id="s.004237">Id toties obſeruaui, <lb></lb>vt iam dubitare de hac re minimè poſſim. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004238">Sed vnum occurrit, dubium tamen in hac <lb></lb>re, quòd cùm quinque annulos in manibus <lb></lb>haberem, vnus tantum, aut quandoque duo <lb></lb>fœdabantur: hi ambo in indice, alter dex<lb></lb>træ, alter ſiniſtræ manus. </s> <s id="s.004239">Cauſa, vt reor, erat, <lb></lb>quòd hi in ſuprema parte manus erant, & <lb></lb>à nullo tegebantur: vnde grauem vaporem <lb></lb>deſcendentem excipiebant: reliqui qui in <lb></lb>minimis erant digitis, ab aliis digitis tege<lb></lb>bantur. </s> <s id="s.004240">Potuit & alia eſſe cauſa, quoniam <lb></lb>ſcilicet, qui in indice erant annuli, è puro <lb></lb>erant auro: qui in aliis digitis, Smalto eſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg560"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſent elaborati. </s> <s id="s.004241">Itaque conſtat, argeńtum <lb></lb>viuum tenuiſſimæ eſſe ſubſtantiæ: & eos, <lb></lb>qui vbi elaboratur, verſantur, obnoxios eſ<lb></lb>ſe his morbis, qui per ipſum creantur: va<lb></lb>por enim ille tenuis per nares trahitur ad <lb></lb>cerebrum, creátque tremorem, reſolutio<lb></lb>némque, tum etiam ad pulmones, efficítque <lb></lb>phthoem. </s> <s id="s.004242">Hoc ego argumento deprehendi, <lb></lb>quòd plurimos vidi, qui argentum viuum <lb></lb>tractabant, dico fermè centum, tabidos fa<lb></lb>ctos auri fabros, capulóſque enſium auro <lb></lb>ornantes, & eos præcipuè, vt reor, qui æru<lb></lb>ginem, aliáque medicamenta metallice miſ<lb></lb>cerent. </s> <s id="s.004243">Nam qui robuſtius pectus habebant, <lb></lb>reſolutis neruis facti ſunt paralitici: & alij <lb></lb>tremuli, neruos ingrediente metallico va<lb></lb>pore Conſtat autem, poſtquam reſoluuntur, <lb></lb>nerui, antequam exiccentur, illos potiùs re<lb></lb>frigerari, quàm exiccari, atque id iure meri<lb></lb>to: metallica enim omnia frigida ſunt, nec <lb></lb>niſi vi ignis exacuuntur. </s> <s id="s.004244">Ignis autem vis <lb></lb>non tam breui imprimit, vt ex frigido in <lb></lb>calidum fiat tranſmutatio, niſi mutata ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia. </s> <s id="s.004245">Ob hoc igitur manifeſtum, quàm <lb></lb>periculoſum ſit tractare argentum viuum, <lb></lb>maximè cum igne, aut per loca tranſire, vbi <lb></lb>tractatur, hærent enim muris granula eius, <lb></lb>& ſubito ingreſſu aurum fœdatur: maláque <lb></lb>maxima, & à quibus vix quiſquam curatur, <lb></lb>adducere ſolet. </s> <s id="s.004246">Vnde etiam mulieres, quæ eo, <lb></lb>aut ſublimato vtuntur, refrigerato cerebro <lb></lb>dentes amittunt: qui verò relinquuntur, ſca<lb></lb>bri fiunt, ac nigri. </s> <s id="s.004247">Pectus verò conſtringi<lb></lb>tur, anhelitúſque fœtidus efficitur. </s> <s id="s.004248">Narrant <lb></lb>in oſſe caluariæ mulieris, quæ iam biennio <lb></lb>ex capitis dolore mortua fuerat, nec quic<lb></lb>quam agentibus medicis, inuentum argen<lb></lb>tum viuum pondere duarum vnciarum. </s> <s id="s.004249">Ne<lb></lb>que me ædepol tam mirum, quàm videtur: <lb></lb>colligebatur enim ſenſim in cerebro, cùm <lb></lb>quotidie fuco vteretur ob humidum, quod <lb></lb>ſicco cogitur. </s> <s id="s.004250">Ea igitur eſt vis argenti viui, <lb></lb>vt in ſubtiliſſimum halitum tranſeat. </s> <s id="s.004251">Et ne<lb></lb>que mirum fiet, ſi quid deuorauerit, annulos <lb></lb>inficiat ſpiritu atque ex hoc argumento de<lb></lb>præhendatur. </s> <s id="s.004252">Videtur autem, quoniam faci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg561"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lè fluit, & quia neruos labefactat, poteſtate <lb></lb>humidum potiùs, quàm ſiccum, actu autem <lb></lb>tale omninò eſt. </s> <s id="s.004253">Firmatur his omnibus, quæ <lb></lb>illius humidum abſumunt: nam ſi quoniam <lb></lb>humidum ſit, ac tenue, ob id fluit, ab his om<lb></lb>nibus firmabitur, quæ humidum illud tenue <lb></lb>ſiccabunt. </s> <s id="s.004254">Firmabitur ergo ab <expan abbr="aſtringẽtibus">aſtringentibus</expan>, <lb></lb>tum etiam terrenis, modò ea intus penetrent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004255">Non igitur difficulter ſiſtitur, quia in argen<lb></lb>tum, ſi ſiſteretur, tranſiret: ſed quoniam dif<lb></lb>ficile eſt inuenire rem adeò <expan abbr="tenuẽ">tenuem</expan>, vt illi per <lb></lb>totum immiſceatur. </s> <s id="s.004256">Ergo ſulphuræ cogitur: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg562"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nam humidum illius tenuiſſimum vrit. </s> <s id="s.004257">Co<lb></lb>gitur & ſubſtantia metallorum, cùm eam <expan abbr="cõ-biberit">con<lb></lb>biberit</expan>, & fumo: nam cogitur à quibuſdam, à <lb></lb>quibuſdam etiam lentore cohibetur. </s> <s id="s.004258">Quò fit, <lb></lb>vt nihil mirum ſit, herbarum, & ſi ſuccis fir<lb></lb>metur. </s> <s id="s.004259">Sed nihilo melius euadet. </s> <s id="s.004260">Eadem fer<lb></lb>mè ratione & à ſaliua, ob <expan abbr="lentorẽ">lentorem</expan>, fluere pro<lb></lb>hibetur. </s> <s id="s.004261">Cùm enim, vt diximus, ipſum per ſe <lb></lb>ſolùm ſit lentum, quid mirum ſi ab alia re <expan abbr="lẽ-ta">len<lb></lb>ta</expan> cohibeatur? </s> <s id="s.004262">Sed aliud eſt cogi, aliud à mo<lb></lb>tu cohiberi quidquid enim cogitur à motu <lb></lb>cohibetur: non quicquid à motu cohibetur, <lb></lb>ſtatim cogitur. </s> <s id="s.004263">Cogi dico, cùm durum eua<lb></lb>dit: víxque hoc abſque ſulphuris, aut alterius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg563"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>corporis miſtione fit. </s> <s id="s.004264">Sed cohibetur facilè, <lb></lb>quandoquidem (vt dixi) à ſola ſaliua id fiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004265">Igitur ob immenſum frigus, & pondus, & <lb></lb>erodendi vim, arbores necat: tardè, & <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſe<lb></lb>curè, ſi ad medullam non perueniat: celerrimè <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg564"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& certò, cùm ad eam peruenerit. </s> <s id="s.004266">Idem muſ<lb></lb>cas, pulices, cimices, <expan abbr="inſectáq;">inſectáque</expan> omnia, maxi<lb></lb>mè cum ſapone nigro perimit. </s> <s id="s.004267">Sunt qui ne<lb></lb>gent ipſum & minium in Oriente olim in<lb></lb>uenta. </s> <s id="s.004268">In Elbogano Bohemiæ Scombachi <lb></lb>vena minij inuenta eſt. </s> <s id="s.004269">Sed quod olim illi <lb></lb>fuit pretium & autoritas, ſupplente cinnaba<lb></lb>ri factitia deceſſit. </s> <s id="s.004270">Eſt & Cinnabaris alia, <lb></lb>quæ naſcitur, cuius nunc meminiſſe haud <lb></lb>opus eſt. </s> <s id="s.004271">Sed Minium Sandarachæ perſimile <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg565"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, nec ab ea differt, niſi quòd argentum vi<lb></lb>uum excutit, & ſpontè, & magis etiam igne <lb></lb>excalefactum, quod etiam ſi non ſeparetur, <lb></lb>rurſum combibit, <expan abbr="Sãdaracha">Sandaracha</expan> <expan abbr="argentũ">argentum</expan> viuum <lb></lb>non mittente. </s> <s id="s.004272">At qualis ſit ſandaracha, ſupe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg566"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rius diximus. </s> <s id="s.004273">Illud etiam de <expan abbr="argẽto">argento</expan> viuo me<lb></lb>miniſſe velim, quòd vitreo vaſe, vel lapideo <lb></lb>concluſum, ſi non poſſit reſpirare, non ſecùs <lb></lb>ac pyrius puluis, eadem ratione tamen igni <lb></lb>admotum vehementiori, vas diſrumpit, ac te<lb></lb>nui calore commouet. </s> <s id="s.004274">Vnde immiſſo vaſe, <lb></lb>quod argentum viuum in ſe contineat ani<lb></lb>mali feruenti, animal mouetur: inde admira<lb></lb>tio cauſam ignorantibus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004275"><margin.target id="marg557"></margin.target>Cauſa cur <lb></lb>aqua, & ar<lb></lb>gentum vi<lb></lb>uum obſint <lb></lb>cum fiunt <lb></lb>rotunda.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004276"><margin.target id="marg558"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>viuum te<lb></lb>naciſſimum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004277"><margin.target id="marg559"></margin.target>Loca in qui<lb></lb>bus abundat <lb></lb>viuum ar<lb></lb>gentum <expan abbr="vi-rẽt">vi<lb></lb>rent</expan>, & aquis <lb></lb>abundant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004278">Argentum <lb></lb>viuum <expan abbr="aurũ">aurum</expan> <lb></lb>fœdat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004279"><margin.target id="marg560"></margin.target>Argenti vi<lb></lb>ui tractatio <lb></lb>quos morbos <lb></lb>creet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004280"><margin.target id="marg561"></margin.target>Tribus modis <lb></lb><expan abbr="argentũ">argentum</expan> vi<lb></lb>uum firmari <lb></lb>poteſt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004281"><margin.target id="marg562"></margin.target>Quibus re<lb></lb>bus argentum <lb></lb>viuum ſiſti<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004282">Quomodo <lb></lb><expan abbr="argentũ">argentum</expan> vi<lb></lb>uum à ſali<lb></lb>ua extingua<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004283"><margin.target id="marg563"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb><expan abbr="viuũ">viuum</expan> immiſ<lb></lb>ſum arbori<lb></lb>bus eas ne<lb></lb>cat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004284"><margin.target id="marg564"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>viuum occi<lb></lb>dit omnia <lb></lb>inſecta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004285"><margin.target id="marg565"></margin.target>Minium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004286"><margin.target id="marg566"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>viuum ex<lb></lb>caleſactum <lb></lb>vaſa fran<lb></lb>git.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004287">Hactenus itaque de nobilioribus metal<lb></lb>licis, quæ natura profert: nunc verò quan<lb></lb>tum valeat ars naturam imitando videa<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.004288">Nam & ars habet ſua metallica, & <lb></lb>metalla etiam, nec non lapides, vt myr<lb></lb>rhina, de quibus iam actum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004289">Ergo me<lb></lb>tallica ſunt factitia, Cinnabaris, argentum <lb></lb>ſublimatum, præcipitatum, pſoricum, ſmal<lb></lb>tem, recrementum, lapis, diphryges, cad<lb></lb>mia, pompholyx, ſpodos, æris flos, tum <lb></lb>ſquama, ærugo, vermicularis, ſtomoma, fer<lb></lb>rugo, cæruleum, ceruſſa, ſandix, ochra, plum<lb></lb>bago, argenti ſpuma, purpurina, vitrum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004290">Cinabaris ſeu cinabrium: ſulphur in ol<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg567"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lam pone, liqua, duplum adde argenti viui, <lb></lb>perpetuò miſce ſuppoſito igne, donec ar<lb></lb>genti viui nulla ſpecies appareat: inde re<lb></lb>frigerari permitte. </s> <s id="s.004291">Denuò verò excoques, & <lb></lb>ſenſim, vſquequo non ſtrideat: tunc verò <lb></lb>ignibus auctis eodem coquere expedit, do<lb></lb>nec ruber fumus exierit. </s> <s id="s.004292">Facit ad ſcriben<lb></lb>dum ac pinguendum rubro colore, cinnaba<lb></lb>rímque natiuam æmulatur. <pb pagenum="450" xlink:href="016/01/099.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg568"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004293"><margin.target id="marg567"></margin.target>Cinabrium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004294"><margin.target id="marg568"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>ſublimatum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004295">Argentum ſublimatur hoc modo: de viuo <lb></lb>loquor, nec pudet nomine barbaro vti: ſed <lb></lb>ſi Libet Latinè proferre, non tamen adeò <lb></lb>clarè, excoctum argentum vocetur. </s> <s id="s.004296">Argen<lb></lb>tum viuum, & ſutorium atramentum in <lb></lb>mortarium pari pondere coniice, & aceto <lb></lb>albo acerrimo eouſque miſce, donec argen<lb></lb>tum viuum videri deſierit, inde vitreo vaſe <lb></lb>luto oblito excoque, donec concreſcat. </s> <s id="s.004297">Si <lb></lb>quid ſubterfugerit nec coëat, iterum in mor<lb></lb>tario addito aceto, terito, & denuò exco<lb></lb>quito. <arrow.to.target n="marg569"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004298"><margin.target id="marg569"></margin.target><expan abbr="Præcipitatũ">Præcipitatum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004299">Argentum coctum rubrum ſic fit, vocant <lb></lb>Præcipitatum. </s> <s id="s.004300">Alumeu, chalcanhum æquis <lb></lb>portionibus ſumito, quibus adde ſalis dimi<lb></lb>dio plus altero eorum, & diſtilla hoc totum <lb></lb>cum vitreis vaſis: huius aquæ pondo vnum, <lb></lb>argenti autem viui tria in vas vitreum po<lb></lb>ne, inde diſtilla: & auctis ignibus perſeuera <lb></lb>eouſque, donec fumus, & vas rubeſcant, nec <lb></lb>aquæ quicquam ſuperſit: demùm fracto <lb></lb>vaſe collige argentum viuum, quod coire <lb></lb>iam videbis inſtar lapidis, hoc tenuiſſimè teri, <lb></lb>to in porphyritide tabula, & denuò exco<lb></lb>que ac diſtilla, donec ſiccetur in vaſe vitreo: <lb></lb>rurſus fracto vaſe, materiam, quæ ſupereſt, <lb></lb>collige: ac denuò tere in tabula eadem ſub<lb></lb>tiliſſimè: pòſt ipſum in æneo vaſe repone, <lb></lb>ſuppoſitóque igne valido, cum æneo baculo <lb></lb>miſce ac agita per ſpatium horarum dua<lb></lb>rum, donec ſplendorem fermè ac rubedi<lb></lb>nem minij acquirat: túncque exceptum ſer<lb></lb>ua vitreis vaſis. </s> <s id="s.004301">Vt verò hoc inter omnia <lb></lb>quæ citra dolorem carnes erodunt, & ſiccant <lb></lb>putreſcentia vlcera, ſi ritè factum fuerit, eſt <lb></lb>præſtantiſſimum, nec vlli alio vſui eſt quòd <lb></lb>ſciam: ita argento excocto ad fucum vtun<lb></lb>tur, dealbat enim, & ſplendorem addit mu<lb></lb>lierum vultibus: ſed dentes elidit, & fœto<lb></lb>rem gignit oris. </s> <s id="s.004302">Cæterùm ad argenti vſum, <lb></lb>& aurifabrorum artem, in non paucis con<lb></lb>ducit. <arrow.to.target n="marg570"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004303"><margin.target id="marg570"></margin.target>Auripigmen<lb></lb>tum coctum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004304">Vertunt colorem pleraque metallica vel <lb></lb>ſolo igne: vt auripigmentum, quod ſubci<lb></lb>trini coloris eſt, in vitreo vaſe excoctum, <lb></lb>donec adhæreat vaſi, rubeſcit, vires præci pi<lb></lb>tati ſuſcipit, nec tantò inferiores, quantò fa<arrow.to.target n="marg571"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cilitate conficiendi vtilius eſt. </s> <s id="s.004305">Pſoricum ex <lb></lb>duabus partibus chalcitidis, & vna cadmiæ, <lb></lb>vel ſpumæ argenti conſtat. </s> <s id="s.004306">Miſcentur, addi<lb></lb>tóque aceto candido acri teruntur, inde ſe<lb></lb>pelitur Caniculæ tempore fimo equino qua<lb></lb>draginta diebus: erutum teſta noua ſubie<lb></lb>ctis carbonibus torretur, donec rubeſcat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg572"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Smaltum vitri genus eſt, quo aureæ cauita<lb></lb>tes implentur, variato colore, venuſtate exi<lb></lb>mia: calores omnis generis recipit, ſplendét<lb></lb>que optimum, & cui par non eſt, fit alumine, <lb></lb>& chalcantho, & lapidoſo ſale: alij vitro <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg573"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>colores miſcent. </s> <s id="s.004307">Recrementum eſt, quòd à <lb></lb>metallo, dum excoquitur, detrahitur, ſpu<lb></lb>mam vulgus vocat: vires, & materiam reti<lb></lb>net metallici cuius eſt: ob id argenteum & <lb></lb>aureum denuò excoqui ſolet, ne quicquam <lb></lb>hominum auaritiæ pereat. </s> <s id="s.004308">Quod verò non <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg574"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>liqueſcit metallo liquato, lapis eſt: retinet <lb></lb>& hic metalli quippiam, ac vires: ſed in no<lb></lb>bilioribus metallis tunditur lapis diligenter, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg575"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>atque excoquitur. </s> <s id="s.004309">Dyphryges fit dum lapis <lb></lb>qui cum ære iunctus erat, vritur: eſt autem <lb></lb>ſaporis ærei, vt par eſt. </s> <s id="s.004310">Cæruleum colorem <lb></lb>aut æris aqua inſperſus contrahit: quòd ſi <lb></lb>non aſpergatur, purpureus eſt, aut ſubniger. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004311">Cadmiam diximus eſſe natiuam, ſed etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg576"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fit, dum metallum excoquitur hærens for<lb></lb>naci, vt botrus. </s> <s id="s.004312">Optima ex pyritide cæruleo <lb></lb>dum eſt in fruſtis, eſt candida, & quæ cùm <lb></lb>teritur, eſt candidiſſima, quoniam ex argen<lb></lb>to, vel etiam ex auro fit. </s> <s id="s.004313">Pompholyx adhæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg577"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ret, vt bulla dum metallum excoquitur, ſi<lb></lb>millima lanarum penniculis. </s> <s id="s.004314">Parietibus li<lb></lb>cet hæreat, poſterior tamen eſt cadmia: can<lb></lb>dida eſt, cùm teritur maximè. </s> <s id="s.004315">Tutia vocatur <lb></lb>à vulgaribus. </s> <s id="s.004316">Sed & Tutiæ appellatione in<lb></lb>telligunt Spodon, quandoquidem inter Spo<lb></lb>don, & Pompholigem haud multum inter<lb></lb>ſit, cùm Pompholygis ſpecies fermè ſit Spo<lb></lb>don, aut eius vice fungatur: nam Spodon <lb></lb>ignobilior eſt Pompholyx, vtraque ad medi<lb></lb>camenta ocularia vtilis. </s> <s id="s.004317">Eſt Spodos, quod <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg578"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hæret parietibus fornacum ſecundis, in qui<lb></lb>bus metalla ſeparantur, concreſcítque fumo <lb></lb>auri, argenti, ac plumbi terræ miſto, vnde im<lb></lb>purior redditur Pompholyge ac debilior: <lb></lb>non enim vt Cadmia, vel Pompholyx ex fu<lb></lb>mo, & prima materia metallorum, quæ & <lb></lb>ipſa eſt metallica, ſed ex ſolo fumo, & pul<lb></lb>uere haud metalli participe concreſcit: vnde <lb></lb>Cadmia, & Pompholyx iuxta fodinas ſo<lb></lb>lùm in fornacibus: Spodos verò in vrbi<lb></lb>bus plærunque inuenitur. </s> <s id="s.004318">Flos æris fit, aqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg579"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuperæs, dum ex prima fornace ignitum <lb></lb>eruitur, affuſa. </s> <s id="s.004319">Dum enim cogitur, expuit <lb></lb>granula quædam æri ſimillima, ſed tamen <lb></lb>quæ trita in puluerem facillimè redigantur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg580"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Squama verò ab ære deciditur, dum malleis <lb></lb>percutitur: quòd verò <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan> modo à ferro ex<lb></lb>cidit, vocatur Stomoma, id eſt, ferri ſquama. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004320">Ærugo fit caſu pauca, plurima verò ſic: <lb></lb>Æreum vas deterſum, alteri vaſi velut oper<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg581"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>culum imponito, in ipſum vas inferius, <lb></lb>quod etiam poteſt eſſe lapideum, vel li<lb></lb>gneum, aut ferreum, acetum acerrimum im<lb></lb>pone, in decem diebus è fundo ærei vaſis, <lb></lb>quod velut operculum impoſuiſti, optimam <lb></lb>detrahes æruginem. </s> <s id="s.004321">Colligitur autem multa <lb></lb>è vaſis amplioribus, pluribúſque, ac iterato <lb></lb>opere. </s> <s id="s.004322">Et vt ex ære ærugo, ita ex ferro ferru<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg582"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>go colligitur: & vt ærugo non ſolùm aſtrin<lb></lb>git, ſiccat, ſed etiam erodit: ita ferrugo aſtrin<lb></lb>git, & ſiccat vehementiùs ærugine, eroſio<lb></lb>nis expers. </s> <s id="s.004323">Nam in ærugine partes ſunt te<lb></lb>nues atque acres ob calorem, in ferrugine, <lb></lb>nec calidum quicquam, nec tenue: quamo<lb></lb>brem neque color venuſtus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004324"><margin.target id="marg571"></margin.target>Pſoricum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004325"><margin.target id="marg572"></margin.target>Smaltum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004326"><margin.target id="marg573"></margin.target><expan abbr="Recrementũ">Recrementum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004327"><margin.target id="marg574"></margin.target>Lapis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004328"><margin.target id="marg575"></margin.target>Dyphryges.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004329"><margin.target id="marg576"></margin.target>Cadmia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004330"><margin.target id="marg577"></margin.target>Pompholyx, <lb></lb>ſeu tutia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004331"><margin.target id="marg578"></margin.target>Spodos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004332"><margin.target id="marg579"></margin.target>Æris flos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004333"><margin.target id="marg580"></margin.target>Æris ſqua<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004334"><margin.target id="marg581"></margin.target>Ærugo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004335"><margin.target id="marg582"></margin.target>Ferrugo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004336">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, in his metallicis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg583"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ igne conſtituuntur, colorem ineſſe ſub<lb></lb>tiliori ſubſtantiæ ſi non ſit niger: cúmque <lb></lb>tenuis ſubſtantia craſſæ haud poſſit immiſ<lb></lb>ceri, niſi naturæ beneficio, vt demonſtratum <lb></lb>eſt, omnem colorem nigro excepto eſſe deci<lb></lb>duum. </s> <s id="s.004337">Atniger poteſt conſiſtere, cùm ſit pri<lb></lb>uatio luminis, quæ in terreo conſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.004338">Igitur <lb></lb>ærugini vermicularis proxima eſt. </s> <s id="s.004339">Cùm <lb></lb>enim aceti albi <expan abbr="partẽ">partem</expan> ſumpſeris, atque vrinæ <lb></lb>veteris <expan abbr="duplũ">duplum</expan>, <expan abbr="miſcueríſq;">miſcueríſque</expan> in vaſe æris Cyprij, <lb></lb><expan abbr="agitaueríſq;">agitaueríſque</expan> piſtillo tandiu, donec ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam quandam tenaciorem ſuſceperint, inde <lb></lb>addideris ſalis, & aluminis partem ex ſingu<lb></lb>lis vigeſimam quartam, in Sole verò 40. <pb pagenum="451" xlink:href="016/01/100.jpg"></pb>diebus, dum caniculæ ſydus torret terras <lb></lb>perpetuò miſcendo, agitandóque permiſ<lb></lb>cueris, vermicularem habebis ab initio mel<lb></lb>lis habentem craſſitudinem, æruginis au<lb></lb>tem colorem, ſed longè ſplendidiorem: detra<lb></lb>cta verò è vaſe, atque tabulæ impoſita, for<lb></lb>matáque in vermiculorum ſimilitudinem, <lb></lb>vnde nomen ſumpſit, etiam æruginis ſub<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg584"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtantiam acquiret. </s> <s id="s.004340">Cæruleum fit ſic: In fer<lb></lb>reum vas aceti acerrimi pondo tria infunde, <lb></lb>ſed prius in eo ſalis Ammoniaci <expan abbr="qualiſcunq;">qualiſcunque</expan> <lb></lb>vnciæ quadrantem diſſolue, inde bracteas <lb></lb>tenues argenti, vnicuique perforatis paruis <lb></lb>foraminibus, ac viuo argento oblitas bacu<lb></lb>lo innecte, ipſum baculum ita ſuſpende ſu<lb></lb>per vas, ne multum abfit ab aceto, nec ta<lb></lb>men tangat illud: inde omnia fimo equino <lb></lb>calidiore contege: poſt 20. dies ex argento <lb></lb>cæruleum detrahes, inde repone rurſus: & ſi <lb></lb>opus eſt, argento obline argenti bracteas: <lb></lb>& poſt alios 20. dies, quod collectum cæ<lb></lb>rulei fuerit, erades: repete hoc ſæpius: tan<lb></lb>dem quicquid ex cæruleo collectum fuerit <lb></lb>in vas prius argenti ſpuma, lithargyrium <lb></lb>vocant, oblitum coniice, & paululùm <lb></lb>torreto: inde refrigeratum fontis aqua el<lb></lb>uito, vt puluis abſcedat, ſiccatóque in <lb></lb>Sole. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg585"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004341"><margin.target id="marg583"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>igne conſtitu<lb></lb>ta non reti<lb></lb>nent colores <lb></lb>præter ni<lb></lb>grum. </s> <s id="s.004342">Vermi<lb></lb>cularis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004343"><margin.target id="marg584"></margin.target>Cæruleum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004344"><margin.target id="marg585"></margin.target>Ceruſſa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004345">Ceruſſa fit iniecto aceto acri in vas, inde <lb></lb>ſarmenta impone, ſarmentis plumbi tenues <lb></lb>bracteas pondo vnius. </s> <s id="s.004346">Sepeli in fimo equi<lb></lb>no, poſt 25. dies colliges ceruſſam: vel ſi <lb></lb>diligentior cuſtos eſſe volueris, poſt primos <lb></lb>decem dies eradito, & reponito rurſus, ac <lb></lb>ter repetito. </s> <s id="s.004347">Aliud genus fuco aptiſſimum, <lb></lb>candidiſſimumque, vehitur ex hiſpania. </s> <s id="s.004348">In <lb></lb>vrinam bracteas pone tenues è plumbo can<lb></lb>dido, hoc autem nos vocamus ſtannum, & <lb></lb>diſtilla vrinam totam, interim plumbum <lb></lb>tranſit in ceruſſam, ſiccatur, teritur, cri<lb></lb>bratur. <arrow.to.target n="marg586"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004349"><margin.target id="marg586"></margin.target>Sandix.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004350">E ceruſſa ſandix fit, coloris rubicundi ve<lb></lb>nuſtiſſimi. </s> <s id="s.004351">Ceruſſam igitur in ferream pati<lb></lb>nam pone: agitáque iuxta ignem tamdiu, <lb></lb>donec rubeſcat, ac ſplendeat. </s> <s id="s.004352">Manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt igitur ex optima ceruſſa optimam fie<lb></lb>ri oportere. </s> <s id="s.004353">Ochra, id eſt, pallida naſci<lb></lb>tur, velut & ſandix: vnde Virgilius, <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Sponte ſua ſandix paſcentes veſtiet agnos.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><arrow.to.target n="marg587"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004354"><margin.target id="marg587"></margin.target>Ochra.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004355">Sed nos eam quæ arte fit, docemus. </s> <s id="s.004356">Itaque <lb></lb>plumbum nigrum tamdiu in vaſe excoqui<lb></lb>to, donec calorem ochræ contraxerit: nati<lb></lb>uæ autem ochræ color eſt flammeus. </s> <s id="s.004357">Fit & <lb></lb>ex rubrica ochra, dum vaſe fimo oblito tor<arrow.to.target n="marg588"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>retur. </s> <s id="s.004358">Argenti ſpuma, quam vocamus Li<lb></lb>thargyrium, fit dum ab argento plumbum <lb></lb>ſeparatur, eſtque plumbum impurum: atque <lb></lb>ex vtroque viciſſim in alterum tranſitus eſt: <lb></lb>retinet tamen argenti quandam vim, & <lb></lb>quæ colore eſt flauo, aurea ob id appellatur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg589"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Plumbago & ipſa ex plumbo fit: nam plum<lb></lb>bum cùm vexatur ignibus, in hæc duo tran<lb></lb>ſit; præſertim argento iunctum, argenti ſpu<lb></lb>mam atque plumbaginem. </s> <s id="s.004359">Aliquantulum <lb></lb>ſplendet plumbago, cæterùm argenti ſpu<lb></lb>mæ exterius ſimilis, infima parte colore ci<lb></lb>nereo, media miſto, cum in puluerem, au<lb></lb>rumque imitatur, ſi optima fuerit: hoc ſo<lb></lb>lo differt, quòd non reſiſtit iniuriis cœli, nec <lb></lb>diuturna admodum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004360">Conſtat autem ex <lb></lb>plumbi albi, argentique viui, paribus por<lb></lb>tionibus: ſalis rurſus Ammoniaci & ſulphu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg590"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>phuris paribus iterum inter ſe portionibus, <lb></lb>ſed quæ ſint priorum ſextantes, aut qua<lb></lb>drantes. </s> <s id="s.004361">Sal, & ſulphur ſubtiliter teruntur, <lb></lb>plumbumque album, & argentum viuum <lb></lb>miſcentur: nam plumbum album tenuiſſi<lb></lb>ma in folia redactum eſſe oportet: miſcen<lb></lb>tur omnia in vitreo vaſe, diſtillatóque: & <lb></lb>quod in imo remanſerit, purpurina vo<lb></lb>catur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004362"><margin.target id="marg588"></margin.target>Lithargy<lb></lb>rium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004363"><margin.target id="marg589"></margin.target>Plumbago.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004364"><margin.target id="marg590"></margin.target>Purpurina.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004365">Omnis metallica materia, quæ arte con<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg591"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtat, duabus ex partibus componitur: altera <lb></lb>quidem tenui & ignea, quæ plerunque vrit, <lb></lb>& coloris egregij eſt: altera terrea, quæ im<lb></lb>modicè ſiccat: tota verò vt eſt compoſita, <lb></lb>meta lis mutandis conducit: igitur metalli<lb></lb>ca factitia ad tres vſus parantur, ad mede<lb></lb>lam humani corporis, ad picturam, & adul<lb></lb>teranda metalla, gemmaſve: addi poteſt <lb></lb>quartus, qui præter propoſitum eſt, ſcilicet <lb></lb>ad venena. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004366"><margin.target id="marg591"></margin.target>Tres vtili<lb></lb>tates metal<lb></lb>licorum arte <lb></lb>conſtantiam.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004367">Succedit omnibus his maiore miraculo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg592"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vitrum, artis opus tale, vt gemmeæ natu<lb></lb>ræ, atque ob id mirum, quòd cùm omnes <lb></lb>ille ſeorſum, candidum, cæruleum, nigrum, <lb></lb>purpureum, viride, vitrum ſimul hæc obti<lb></lb>neat. </s> <s id="s.004368">Memini me vidiſſe olim ſplendore ac <lb></lb>colorum varietate, tenacitatéque adeò ele<lb></lb>gans, vt cælatum imitaretur Achatem. </s> <s id="s.004369">Mi<lb></lb>ro ingenio nunc candido adeò ſubtiliter ac <lb></lb>ordinatè diſtinguitur, vt dicere poſſis non <lb></lb>facilius, aut ſubtilius ceram elaborari poſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004370">Vnicum hoc eſt fragilitatis humanæ exem<lb></lb>plum, quod inter cæteros non ſolùm oculis, <lb></lb>ſed mente Principes perpetuò debent con<lb></lb>templari: verùm fragilior eſt longè vitro <lb></lb>vita humana, atque tantò, quantò res, quæ <lb></lb>ſponte frangitur, ea quæ non niſi alieno im<lb></lb>petu. </s> <s id="s.004371">Fiunt ex eo organa vocata, inſtrumen<lb></lb>ta muſicæ, ſuauicæ admodum voce, & quæ <lb></lb>faſtum pulchritudine humani regni oſten<lb></lb>dunt. </s> <s id="s.004372">Hinc colores iucundi, vox dulciſona, <lb></lb>ſplendor gratus, omnia leui caſu momento <lb></lb>pereuntia. </s> <s id="s.004373">Conſtat vitrum ex tribus lapidi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg593"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bus ſcilicet lucidis, vel arena, ſale chali, & <lb></lb>ſyderea: horum memini ſuperiùs me natu<lb></lb>ram recitaſſe. </s> <s id="s.004374">Trita hæc omnia magno igni <lb></lb>mandantur in vaſis, cogunturque vi ignis <lb></lb>in vitrum, quod extractum denuò vaſis mi<lb></lb>noribus in fornace excoquitur, & elabora<lb></lb>ratur. </s> <s id="s.004375">Sed iam his relictis, quæ vel arte <lb></lb>conſtant, vel imperfecta ſunt, ad perfectiora <lb></lb>tranſeamus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="452" xlink:href="016/01/101.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004376"><margin.target id="marg592"></margin.target>Vitrum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004377"><margin.target id="marg593"></margin.target>Viri compo<lb></lb>ſitio.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.101.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/101/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004378"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER SEXTVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004379"><emph type="center"></emph>De Metallis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004380">DICO autem perfecta, vt me<lb></lb>talla, ac lapides: ſed priùs de <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg594"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>metallis agendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004381">Metalla <lb></lb>ſunt, aurum, argentum, ele<lb></lb>ctrum, æs cyprium, & plum<lb></lb>bum, ac ferrum. </s> <s id="s.004382">Factitia verò chalybs, & <lb></lb>ſtannum, & aurichalcum, tum etiam cy<lb></lb>prium æs aliud. </s> <s id="s.004383">Septem ſunt naturalia, qua<lb></lb>tuor autem præter naturam artis vi. </s> <s id="s.004384">Quòd <lb></lb>tot ſint, nec plura eſſe poſſint, oſtendere <lb></lb>maximæ ſubtilitatis opus eſt: oſtendam ta<lb></lb>men: ſed priùs, quòd aurum & perfectiſſima <lb></lb>quæque in oriente inueniantur, ferrum au<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg595"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tem in occidente. </s> <s id="s.004385">Quod hoc contingat, quia <lb></lb>oriens calidior ſit, & humidior, abundè ſu<lb></lb>prà declaratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004386">Hoc autem oſtendere <lb></lb>erat neceſſarium, quòd oriens occidente ca<lb></lb>lidior atque humidior ſit: hoc enim oſten<lb></lb>ſo, patet meliorem fieri ibi concoctionem <lb></lb>atque generationem. </s> <s id="s.004387">Inde quæ vocant Græ<lb></lb>ci aromata, & odores, & gemmæ, & au<lb></lb>rum, ac argentum, deliciæque omnes hu<lb></lb>mani generis: contingit hoc quia vapor <lb></lb>maris ab oriente defertur ſuper terras, & <lb></lb>motu ſolis concoquitur: in occidente autem <lb></lb>defertur verſus oceanum. </s> <s id="s.004388">Quòd & ſi ventis <lb></lb>ad terras impelleretur, celeriter autem mo<lb></lb>tu ſolis in oceanum rurſus rediret, vel non <lb></lb>aſſiſtente ſole concoqui non poſſet. </s> <s id="s.004389">Accedit <lb></lb>quòd Solis motus ſimilem quandam ex <lb></lb>æterna conuerſione vim in terris imprimit, <lb></lb>vt rerum initia in oriente ſint. </s> <s id="s.004390">Hæc autem <lb></lb>meliora, & gratiora, vnde etiam multò plus <lb></lb>radiis lætamur ſolis matutinis, quàm veſ<lb></lb>pertinis, Quòd ſi montes ab occidente ſint, <lb></lb>radij ſolis humore pleni, tum ſtellarum, & <lb></lb>Lunæ terras implent, nec ab occiduis radiis <lb></lb>quæ nimium vrunt, cùm aër iam ſit torri<lb></lb>dus, ſperanda eſt aliqua vtilitas. </s> <s id="s.004391">At contrà <lb></lb>in occidente montes ab eadem parte prohi<lb></lb>bent ſolem, ex aduerſa autem vrunt, & pla<lb></lb>nitie ſunt deteriores: multò etiam antè illu<lb></lb>ſtrat orientis terras, quàm occidentis, quòd <lb></lb>in mari nulli ſint montes, in terra autem <lb></lb>plurimi. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004392"><margin.target id="marg594"></margin.target>Metalla quæ</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004393"><margin.target id="marg595"></margin.target>Cur oriens <lb></lb>occidente <lb></lb>calidior, & <lb></lb>humidior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004394">quatuor ra<lb></lb>tiones.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004395">Sed iam ad metallorum numerum reuer<lb></lb>tamur. </s> <s id="s.004396">Metallum eſt quicquid (vt diximus) <lb></lb>ductile eſt & durum: nam cera duci poteſt, <lb></lb>& lutum, ſed non dura ſunt: contrà lapides <lb></lb>& pyrites duri, ſed minimè duci poſſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg596"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Hæc ſeptem eſſe iuxta planetarum nume<lb></lb>rum quis exiſtimabit? </s> <s id="s.004397">vt Sol aurum, Luna <lb></lb>argentum, Mercurius electrum, Mars fer<lb></lb>rum, Saturnus plumbum, Venus æs, Cy<lb></lb>prium verò æs accipiat Iupiter. </s> <s id="s.004398">Sed melius <lb></lb>eſt, vt ſic diſtinguamus: Metallum omne <lb></lb>aut perfectum, molle, purum, & ſic eſt au<lb></lb>rum: vel purum, ſed durum, & ſic eſt ar<lb></lb>gentum: vel durum, & impurum, & ſic eſt <lb></lb>ferrum vel molle & impurum, & ſic plum<lb></lb>bum. </s> <s id="s.004399">Sed electrum ex auro & argento con<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> <s id="s.004400">Æs Cyprium ex ære ac ferro, vnde du<lb></lb>rius vtroque euadit: ſicut & quod confici<lb></lb>tur ex ære & plumbo, nam & illud durius <lb></lb>eſt vtroque, & muli aſinis ac æquis ſunt ro<lb></lb>buſtiores. </s> <s id="s.004401">Æs verò ipſum, ferro eſt melius <lb></lb>concoctum, & validiore calore: vnde ſul<lb></lb>phur magis olet, Indicio eſt ferrum tranſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg597"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>re in æs. </s> <s id="s.004402">In carpato enim monte Pannoniæ <lb></lb>Smolinitio oppido refert Agricola, quod & <lb></lb>ab aliis audiui, æſque ſecum pro miraculo <lb></lb>detulerant, quod mihi oſtenderunt, puteum <lb></lb>eſſe ex quo aqua in tres canales hauſta ef<lb></lb>funditur, & ferrum illis impoſitum verti<lb></lb>tur in æs. </s> <s id="s.004403">Quòd ſi tenuia fruſtula fuerint, in <lb></lb>lutum tranſeunt, quod ignibus excoctum, <lb></lb>in puriſſimum æs tranſit. </s> <s id="s.004404">Cauſa eſt, quoniam <lb></lb>materia eadem ferro, & æri. </s> <s id="s.004405">Vnde cùm am<lb></lb>pliùs excoquitur ac tingitur, ferrum tranſit <lb></lb>in æs. </s> <s id="s.004406">Mons adiacet puteo ferax lapidei cal<lb></lb>chanti, liquet vim hanc calchanto, quod <lb></lb>etiam vidimus, ineſſe. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg598"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004407"><margin.target id="marg596"></margin.target>Metalla eſſe <lb></lb>ſeptem de<lb></lb>monſtratur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004408"><margin.target id="marg597"></margin.target>De ferro, <lb></lb>quod in æs, <lb></lb>tranſmuta<lb></lb>tur hiſtoria <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004409"><margin.target id="marg598"></margin.target>An metalla <lb></lb>inuicem poſ<lb></lb>ſint tranſmu<lb></lb>tari, maxi<lb></lb>mè deſidera<lb></lb>ta quæſtio, <lb></lb>quæ inferiùs <lb></lb>ſoluitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004410">Aurum quo<lb></lb>modo inue<lb></lb>niatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004411">Itaque orta dubitatio illa adeò famoſa, an <lb></lb>metalla inuicem poſſint artis beneficio tranſ<lb></lb>mutari. </s> <s id="s.004412">Antequam verò hæc definiatur, au<lb></lb>ri præſtantiam demonſtrare oportet. </s> <s id="s.004413">Naſci<lb></lb>tur autem multis modis: tum primò arenæ <lb></lb>commiſtum, vt in Bohemia, & iuxta <expan abbr="Bohe-miã">Bohe<lb></lb>miam</expan> in Ligis, in riuis iuxta Goldeburgum, & <lb></lb>Riſegrundum, quod Latinè Vallis gigan<lb></lb>tum dicitur, & in ripa Ticini, & abduæ in <lb></lb>Italia: tum verò etiam in lapidibus argenti <lb></lb>feracibus, vt in colle Montifregij: nam cùm <lb></lb>liquantur, argentum manat, in cuius libra <lb></lb>ſaltem auri ſemuncia latet. </s> <s id="s.004414">Albertus narrat <lb></lb>in ſolidiſſimis lapidibus inter terram exu<lb></lb>ſtam iacentibus, aurum inueniri. </s> <s id="s.004415">Scribit & <lb></lb>quandoque aurum inuentum inter dentes <lb></lb>ſuperiores humani capitis ſcobis tenuioris <lb></lb>forma, ex quo credidiſſe certum eſt in ca<lb></lb>pillis humanis latêre aurum. </s> <s id="s.004416">Exiſtimauerim <lb></lb>ego, quod verſimilius eſt, aurum inter lapi<lb></lb>des gigni, inde vi currentium aquarum <lb></lb>quando in parua concreſcit fruſtra delatum, <lb></lb>inter arenas reperiri: atque eadem ratione <lb></lb>inuentum facta alluuione inter dentes hu<lb></lb>mani capitis: hæſit enim ob oſſis impedi<lb></lb>mentum & illorum ſpiſſitatem inter rimas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004417">Aſtipulatur huic opinioni, quod Gonſa<lb></lb>lus Ferdinandus Ouiedus Hiſpanus reci<lb></lb>tat, in Indiæ Peru vocatæ parte, aurum in <lb></lb>montium radice inuentum imperfectum eſſe <lb></lb>atque eò impurius, quò monti proximius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004418">Nec in profundo terræ: ſed iuxta illius ſu<lb></lb>perficiem inuenitur: quare ſi in agris, vel are<lb></lb>na naſceretur, in imo terræ latêret. </s> <s id="s.004419">Et velut <pb pagenum="453" xlink:href="016/01/102.jpg"></pb>carbones, qui in ſummis montium cacumi<lb></lb>nibus fiunt, ſub terrra in radice reperiuntur, <lb></lb>ſic & aurum. </s> <s id="s.004420">Solet & hac cauſa inueniri in <lb></lb>alueis fluminum inter ſaxa. </s> <s id="s.004421">Quamobrem <lb></lb>cùm viliſſima metalla in imo recondita ſint <lb></lb>terræ, atque plerunque impura, natura auri <lb></lb>liberalis, ac veluti prodiga, purum illud ac <lb></lb>calore nitens proprio, nullíſque ignibus <lb></lb>aut arte indigens, in ipſa ſuperficie colloca<arrow.to.target n="marg599"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uit. </s> <s id="s.004422">Gignitur in ſummis montium verticibus <lb></lb>plerunque modico æri miſtum: nam & hoc <lb></lb>fatentur, qui illius hiſtoriam, quod in India <lb></lb>ſolet reperiri, ſcripſerunt. </s> <s id="s.004423">Immaturum verò <lb></lb>perſæpè aquarum incrementis ad plana de<lb></lb>ducitur: & vt ſolidæ ac validæ ſubſtantiæ <lb></lb>eſt concoquitur, maturatur ac perficitur. </s> <s id="s.004424">Si<lb></lb>mul verò attritu arenæ, & lapidum, aut ter<lb></lb>ræ, æs ipſum, ac quicquid inutile eſt, abſu<lb></lb>mitur. </s> <s id="s.004425">Denuò verò influxu aquarum elui<lb></lb>tur: atque eo modo inter arenas ſplendet, <lb></lb>ac ea ratione colligi ſolet. </s> <s id="s.004426">Nec patitur eius <lb></lb>paucitas, vt montes effodiantur, incerto lo<lb></lb>co, & nimis interrupto, interuallis, vt to<lb></lb>tum montem effodi neceſſe eſſet ob auri li<lb></lb>bras paucas, quas etiam ignis abſumeret, <lb></lb>dum eruere illud è lapidibus niterentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004427">Exoritur Abdua ex Lario lacu, vt Ticinus <lb></lb>ex Verbano, ambo fluuij arenas excipiunt <lb></lb>ex montibus, qui ſuos ambiunt lacus, ac cum <lb></lb>his lapides atque aurum: quod in imo la<lb></lb>cuum excoquitur, perficitur, & repurgatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004428">Sic in montium editis locis vi Solis aurum <lb></lb>generatur purum. </s> <s id="s.004429">Generatur & aliis miſtum <lb></lb>metallis, præſertim inter argenti <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg600"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fruſta. </s> <s id="s.004430">Nam metalla ſimul miſta ſunt, in ar<lb></lb>gento aurum, in auro æs, argentum cum <lb></lb>plumbo plerunque eſt. </s> <s id="s.004431">Sed quod cum aliis <lb></lb>effoditur aurum metallis, ignibus, & arte <lb></lb>non parua indiget vt purum fiat. </s> <s id="s.004432">Inuenitur <lb></lb>& aurum, aut potiùs eruitur ex his, quibus <lb></lb>arte hæſit: vt è vaſis auratis, tum etiam ve<lb></lb>ſtibus, vt ſuprà docuimus: ſic & ſepultum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg601"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>effoditur, & emerſum aquis expiſcatur. </s> <s id="s.004433">Ita <lb></lb>vt tribus modis aurum colligere liceat: vel <lb></lb>quod iam fuit in lucem, & maſſam redigen<lb></lb>do, vel à metallis, inter quæ latet ſeparan<lb></lb>do, vel purum colligendo. </s> <s id="s.004434">Italia purum au<lb></lb>rum hac ætate non colligit, niſi modicum <lb></lb>illud, quod dixi, nuper inter arenas Ticini <lb></lb>atque Abduæ reperiri. </s> <s id="s.004435">Quandoque & in Ita<lb></lb>lia effoditur aurum purum, multa <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) <lb></lb>vice: nam quæ in imo ſunt, ad ſuperfi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg602"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciem perueniunt. </s> <s id="s.004436">Vnde in Germania argen<lb></lb>tum fodiunt aliquibus in locis, puteis quin<lb></lb>gentis orgiis ſeu paſſibus fermè profundis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004437">Magnitudo auri puri in noſtris regionibus, <lb></lb>ac in Germania ab auellanæ nucis magnitu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg603"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dinem accedit, vt Aldeburgi, Carpatis <lb></lb>agris, & Slota oppido quandoque inuentum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.004438">Sed ſi fides Gonſaluo habenda eſt, in In<lb></lb>diæ parte, quam nuper diximus, auri fru<lb></lb>ſtum Obrizi effoſſum eſt, quod pondo qua<lb></lb>draginta duo cum dotrante æquabat. </s> <s id="s.004439">Fre<lb></lb>quens eſt, quod quatuor pondo eſt, & quan<lb></lb>doque etiam ſeptem accedit: tanta eſt natu<lb></lb>ræ in regionibus illis liberalitas, locique ro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg604"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bur ac benignitas. </s> <s id="s.004440">Sed vt auro abundant (vt <lb></lb>dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſic aliis metallis præſertim ferro ca<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.004441">Nitet inter omnia metalla aurum ma<lb></lb>ximè, in de argentum, pòſt æs, inde album <lb></lb>plumbum, electrum vt auro minus, ita ar<lb></lb>gento magis: parum admodum æs cyprium, <lb></lb>ac ferrum, tum nigrum plumbum, reliqua<lb></lb>que huius generis. </s> <s id="s.004442">Nam nitor fit ex humido <lb></lb>puro, leui ac ſolido, in quo lux colligitur, vt <lb></lb>in ſpeculis. </s> <s id="s.004443">Nullum metallum tranſlucet <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg605"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>præter rude argentum tubri coloris, nec ta<lb></lb>men ſemper: hoc enim quandoque carbun<lb></lb>culo calore ac ſplendore haud eſt abſimile: <lb></lb>efficiuntque ex eo aliquid minio ſimile. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004444"><margin.target id="marg599"></margin.target>Aurum quo<lb></lb>modo gene<lb></lb>retur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004445"><margin.target id="marg600"></margin.target>Metalla ple<lb></lb>rumque miſta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004446"><margin.target id="marg601"></margin.target>Aurum tri<lb></lb>bus modis <lb></lb>habetur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004447"><margin.target id="marg602"></margin.target>Profundit as <lb></lb>mira fodina<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004448"><margin.target id="marg603"></margin.target>Auri obrizi <lb></lb>incredibilis <lb></lb>magnitudo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004449"><margin.target id="marg604"></margin.target>Metallorum <lb></lb>ſplendor, & <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004450"><margin.target id="marg605"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>quæ perſpi<lb></lb>cua, & cur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004451">Quomodo verò hoc ſolùm inter metalla <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg606"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>perſpicuum ſit, curque pura metalla perſpi<lb></lb>cua eſſe non poſſint, nunc eſt <expan abbr="demonſtrandũ">demonſtrandum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004452">Perſpicuum fit, cùm lux, & lumen peruia <lb></lb>ſunt: quæ peruia luci ſunt ac lumini, aër ſunt, <lb></lb>& aqua. </s> <s id="s.004453">Terram non eſſe perſpicuam, cla<lb></lb>rum eſt: eadem vbi miſcetur, perſpicuitatem <lb></lb>impedit: cumque humidum exuritur: quia <lb></lb>terreum euadit, amittit etiam perſpicuita<lb></lb>tem: igitur oleum cum perſpicuum ſit, in <lb></lb>lampade poſitum, opacum redditur ob fuli<lb></lb>ginem, quæ illi propter ignem miſcetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004454">Metallica omnia perfecta aqueæ ſunt, ac te<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg607"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nuis ſubſtantiæ: nam concreſcunt frigore, vt <lb></lb>dictum eſt, vbi de glacie egimus, & igne li<lb></lb>quida euadunt. </s> <s id="s.004455">Liquidum autem eſſe, ſolius <lb></lb>aquæ inter elementa proprium eſt. </s> <s id="s.004456">Tenuita<lb></lb>tis metallicæ ſubſtantiæ argumentum præ<lb></lb>ter cætera hoc ſit, quòd ignibus conſumitur <lb></lb>euaneſcítque cum aqueo pars illa terrea: <lb></lb>tum quòd ex vna parte glebæ miſtæ ſupra <lb></lb>totam argumentum facimus. </s> <s id="s.004457">Nam ſi in li<lb></lb>bris centum plumbi argenti vncia ſit, liceát<lb></lb>que ex ſcrupulo argumentum ſumere ſupra <lb></lb>maſſam, vt faciunt artifices, neceſſe eſt ar<lb></lb>genti vnciam centum libris plumbi immiſ<lb></lb>ceri vndequaque: ergo milleſima ducenteſi<lb></lb>ma pars ſcrupuli argenti etiam æqualiter <lb></lb>miſta erit. </s> <s id="s.004458">Hæc autem grani vnius pars <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg608"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quinquageſima eſt, igitur fieri non poteſt, <lb></lb>quin metallum tenuiſſimæ ſit ſubſtantiæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004459">Nec tamen huic experientiæ fidere ex toto <lb></lb>ſecurum eſt, cùm magna fuerit moles: ſed ſi <lb></lb>mediocris error, nulli damno eſſe poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004460">Neque tutum eſt experiri in precioſis, niſi <lb></lb>in maiore pondere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004461"><margin.target id="marg606"></margin.target>Nullum ve<lb></lb>hementer co<lb></lb>loratum per<lb></lb>ſpicuum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004462"><margin.target id="marg607"></margin.target>Metalla om<lb></lb>nia aqueæ <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ, <lb></lb>ac tenuis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004463"><margin.target id="marg608"></margin.target>Experimen<lb></lb>tum metal<lb></lb>lorum in mi<lb></lb>nima parte <lb></lb>vt ſolet fieri <lb></lb>fallax eſt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004464">Eſt & tertium argumentum tenuitatis <lb></lb>metallorum, quòd auro grana duo ferri, aut <lb></lb>æris miſta, vt paulò plus quadrageſima par<lb></lb>te ſint, adeò colorem, & duritiem mutant <lb></lb>illius, vt aliud propè eſſe dixeris. </s> <s id="s.004465">Nam pu<lb></lb>rum aurum ſplendet non parùm, & fului co<lb></lb>loris eſt, molle ac maximè tractabile: at mi<lb></lb>ſta ferri parte vix quadrageſima, contumax <lb></lb>ſubnigrum, & ſplendore obteſo redditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004466">Itaque ſi aquea ſunt omnia metalla, tenuia, <lb></lb>vel exuſta eſſe oportet, vel terræ mixta, <lb></lb>cùm non tranſluceant. </s> <s id="s.004467">Denſitas obſtare ne<lb></lb>quit, cùm adamas, & cryſtallus denſa ſint, <lb></lb>& perſpicua. </s> <s id="s.004468">Si igitur nigræ amurcæ, opa<lb></lb>cæque penitùs pauculam partem multæ <lb></lb>aquæ miſcueris, rubra aqua euadet, mane<lb></lb>bitque perſpicua, non tamen adeò, vt antè <lb></lb>erat. </s> <s id="s.004469">Igitur cùm argentum nigrum per ſe ſit <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>quod tractantibus ex macula apparet, nam <lb></lb>candidum videtur ob ſoliditatem, vt etiam <lb></lb>ſpecula, quorum materia nigra eſt) ſi aqueo <lb></lb>humori miſceatur, non ſecùs ac olei amurca <pb pagenum="454" xlink:href="016/01/103.jpg"></pb>aquæ rubrum euadet, ac perſpicuum, tum <lb></lb>ſplendens ob argenti nitorem: vocamuſque <lb></lb>hoc miſtum carbunculum à ſimilitudine: vt<lb></lb>que amurcam plurimam, quæ aquæ miſcea<lb></lb>tur, non oportet rubram fieri, ſed opaca, vt <lb></lb>nigra aqua efficeretur, ita argenti pars mi<lb></lb>nor eſt, aquei humoris plurima, ſi perſpi<lb></lb>cuum hoc genus rudis argenti magna ex <lb></lb>parte eſſe debeat. </s> <s id="s.004470">Sed ſi vel ſubnigrum fue<lb></lb>rit, vel copioſius, quàm pro aquea parte, vel <lb></lb>impurum, non erit perſpicuum. </s> <s id="s.004471">Cur igitur <lb></lb>rubrum eſſe neceſſe ſit, quod perſpicuum eſt, <lb></lb>& ex quibus conſtet, abundè dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004472">Nec <lb></lb>prohibet, quin etiam alia metallica à plum<lb></lb>bo, vel ære perſpicua ſint: ſed contingit ra<lb></lb>riùs, ob impuritatem illorum: nam argen<lb></lb>tum ære & plumbo purius eſt. </s> <s id="s.004473">Ergo & hac <lb></lb>ratione gemmas fingere adulterinas licet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004474">Sed quod ab initio propoſueramus, proſe<lb></lb>quamur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004475">Tranſlucent igitur è lapidibus magneſia, <lb></lb>armatura, ſpecularis lapis, gypſi flos, quem <lb></lb>alium eſſe à ſpeculari lapide putat Agrico<lb></lb>la. </s> <s id="s.004476">E marmorum generibus aliquid in vno<lb></lb>quoque, ſolus tamen phengites generaliter, <lb></lb>ac totus luci peruius eſt. </s> <s id="s.004477">Gemmæ etiam plu<lb></lb>res, adeóque magna ex parte gemmarum ge<lb></lb>nus, vt multi credant eas, quæ non tranſlu<lb></lb>cent, haud gemmas dici debere. </s> <s id="s.004478">Vitrea etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg609"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnia. </s> <s id="s.004479">Ex ſuccis quatuor, ſal, alumen, ni<lb></lb>trum, & ſutorium atramentum. </s> <s id="s.004480">Terrarum <lb></lb>genus nullum eſt perſpicuum: nam ſi aquæ <lb></lb>multæ miſceretur, terra eſſe deſineret: con<lb></lb>creta etiam humido in lapidem verteretur, <lb></lb>nec terra amplius eſſet. </s> <s id="s.004481">Terra etiam ob te<lb></lb>nuitatem tranſlucere nequit: nam & nitrum <lb></lb>& gemmæ quantumuis perſpicuæ, in pulue<lb></lb>rem redactæ, perſpicuæ eſſe deſinunt. </s> <s id="s.004482">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur terra non cohæreat, ſed tenuiſſima ſit, <lb></lb>non poteſt eſſe perſpicua. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg610"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004483"><margin.target id="marg609"></margin.target>Terra nulla <lb></lb>cur perſpi<lb></lb>cua.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004484"><margin.target id="marg610"></margin.target>Auri odor, <lb></lb>& metallo<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004485">Sed ad auri hiſtoriam reuertor. </s> <s id="s.004486">Solum <lb></lb>ipſum inter metalla exiguum bonum ſpirat <lb></lb>odorem: cui ſuccedit argentum: æs peſſimum <lb></lb>cauſa eſt magnitudo caloris adurentis. </s> <s id="s.004487">In au<lb></lb>ro, quòd ſuaui calore generetur eius ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia, nullus odor malus relinquitur: ob id mul<lb></lb>torum annorum ſpatio auri generatio indi<lb></lb>get, reliqua breuiore omnia conficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.004488">A <lb></lb>moderato autem calore paruam duritiem <lb></lb>fieri neceſſe eſt, atque ob id molle aurum, & <lb></lb>quæcunque benè olent, mollia erunt, vt am<arrow.to.target n="marg611"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bra. </s> <s id="s.004489">Quòd ſi Geodes Miſenus ( quem falsò <lb></lb>Ætitem dicunt, quòd in eo alius reſonet la<lb></lb>pis) violam redoleat, & Aldenbergij lapidis <lb></lb>fragmenta, & Berningerij lapis videantur <lb></lb>benè olere à muſco, qui eis circundatur, hoc <lb></lb>eis aduenit: nam illorum ſubſtantiam, aut <lb></lb>aliorum duorum benè olere vix poſſibile eſt, <lb></lb>quemadmodum etiam ſuprà docuimus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg612"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004490"><margin.target id="marg611"></margin.target>Geodes Mi<lb></lb>ſenus benè <lb></lb>olet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004491"><margin.target id="marg612"></margin.target>Auri & ar<lb></lb>genti mira <lb></lb>tenuitas in <lb></lb>filo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004492">Tenuiſſimum igitur aurum ſubſequitur <lb></lb>argentum, quod etiam experimento depre<lb></lb>henditur. </s> <s id="s.004493">Denarius ſeu ſcrupulus, grana 24. <lb></lb>argenti in filum 134. pedum producitur: ſunt <lb></lb>hi è noſtris brachia 100. fermè. </s> <s id="s.004494">Hoc totum <lb></lb>vndequaque (dictu incredibile, ſed omnibus <lb></lb>eius rei artificibus notum) circumambit auri <lb></lb>pars tertia grani vnius: nam auri vnciæ duæ <lb></lb>in pondo 12. ac ſemis argenti diſtribuuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004495">Argenti vncia in pedes 3200. ſeu brachia <lb></lb>noſtrà 2400. quæ à granis ſex auri circum<lb></lb>ueſtiuntur vndequaque. </s> <s id="s.004496">Atque hæc de du<lb></lb>ctili: quæ verò tenuitas auro concedatur, <lb></lb><expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> malleo ſuper argenti bracteas extenditur, <lb></lb>haud minore digna eſt admiratione: nam au<lb></lb>ri vncia, octo argenti pondo tegit. </s> <s id="s.004497">Cùm ve<arrow.to.target n="marg613"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rò in folia tranſierint, nequeas quid ſit te<lb></lb>nuius cognoſcere, aurumne, an argentum: <lb></lb>itaque incomprehenſibili argenti tenuitate <lb></lb>aurum centuplo tenuius eſſe neceſſe eſt, ita <lb></lb>fit vt auri vncia plus, quam decem terræ iu<lb></lb>gera tegere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.004498">Contingit hoc ob ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ puritatem, longámque coctionem: ob <lb></lb>id auro cælaturas ferri, ac chalybis parua <lb></lb>impenſa ornant, cuius pars maior eſt opere, <lb></lb>quàm auri. </s> <s id="s.004499">Multiplex hæc ratio, tres tamen <lb></lb>modos faciliores explicabo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004500"><margin.target id="marg613"></margin.target>Auri tenui<lb></lb>tas in foliis</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004501">Aurum in bracteas redactum argento vi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg614"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uo miſcetur, inde cùm igne excalefactum <lb></lb>fuerit, in aquam effunditur, pòſt argento vi<lb></lb>no, ſi vas argenteum ſit, illinitur argentum <lb></lb>viuum: pòſt incaleſcit vas, & pectitur, donec <lb></lb>vbique hæreat, inde igne abſumpto argento <lb></lb>viuo, aurum manet argento adhærens. </s> <s id="s.004502">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi æri, vel ferro iungi aurum debet, hoc mo<lb></lb>do facies. </s> <s id="s.004503">Lauabis vas priùs vino, in quo <lb></lb>ſal ammoniacum, & ærugo æquis partibus <lb></lb>cum duplo fæcis vini ſint diſſoluta: inde ar<lb></lb>gento viuo, poſtquam ſiccata fuerint, vt <lb></lb>priùs illines. </s> <s id="s.004504">Modus alius aqua ſeparationis, <lb></lb>cuius hiſtoriam ſcripſiſſe me memini ſupe<lb></lb>riùs, conſtat. </s> <s id="s.004505">Tertius eſt, vt candenti ferro <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg615"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>auri folia ſuperponantur, inde hæmatite Hiſ<lb></lb>pano, cuius color exterius ſanguineus eſt, vn<lb></lb>de nomen traxit, interiùs ferreus, cum duri<lb></lb>tie tanta, vt vix limam ſentiat, confricetur, <lb></lb>non hic eſt Germanus ille mollis. </s> <s id="s.004506">Vnde li<lb></lb>quet Hiſpanum eſſe, qui ſanguinem ſiſtat: <lb></lb>nam duritie in tenuiſſimum puluerem redigi <lb></lb>poteſt, & vim habet ſiccantem ac aſtringen<lb></lb>tem eximiam. </s> <s id="s.004507">Medici autem fruſtrato opere <lb></lb>vtuntur Germanico, cuius nulla penitùs vti<lb></lb>litas eſt. </s> <s id="s.004508">Itaque in pollinem redigere opor<lb></lb>tet lapidem illum, ſi hæmoptoicos ſanare op<lb></lb>timo auxilio propoſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004509">Ita me in ma<lb></lb>nifeſtis adeò etiam cæcutiunt medici noſtræ <lb></lb>ætatis, vt nunquam vel vnum, qui verè vſus <lb></lb>ſit, animaduerterem, cùm coloris & ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ ſimilitudine decipiantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004510"><margin.target id="marg614"></margin.target>Inaurandi <lb></lb>modi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004511"><margin.target id="marg615"></margin.target>Hæmatites <lb></lb>Hiſpanus, & <lb></lb>eius vſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004512">His igitur relictis, quæ ſunt extra propo<lb></lb>ſitum, ad rem ipſam reuertamur. </s> <s id="s.004513">Quod Hæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg616"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>matitæ faciunt, licet Ophyte etiam leuiſſi<lb></lb>mo perficere. </s> <s id="s.004514">Itaque omnium horum cauſa <lb></lb>eſt auri tenuitas maxima, quæ illi eſt pro <lb></lb>priuilegio. </s> <s id="s.004515">Alterum, quod ignibus minimè <lb></lb>cedat, niſi venenis iungatur: per ſe enim ſi <lb></lb>maneat, vel cum plumbo etiam diebus vi<lb></lb>ginti in igne liquatum, non minuitur tanta <lb></lb>parte, vt ſenſui ſit manifeſta, quippe nihil <lb></lb>minui ipſum dicere non auſim. </s> <s id="s.004516">Cauſam igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg617"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur horum ante omnia perdiſcere oportet: ſi<lb></lb>mul & cur aurum non tingit. </s> <s id="s.004517">Hæc enim tria <lb></lb>ſunt auro peculiaria, non conſumi igne, non <lb></lb>tingere, & eſſe tenuiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.004518">Verùm pingue<lb></lb>do fœdat & vritur, & vri cogit ea, quibus <lb></lb>miſcetur, ſolum igitur aurum pinguedine ca<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.004519">Quæ etiam aquea ſunt, euaneſcunt igni<lb></lb>bus expoſita, aurum nullis euaneſcit ignibus <lb></lb>aut igitur non aquea ſubſtantia conſtat, aut <pb pagenum="455" xlink:href="016/01/104.jpg"></pb>ab aliquo continetur. </s> <s id="s.004520">Aquea autem ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia omne metallum conſtare docuimus, qua<lb></lb>re terreum habet admixtum adeò tenue & <lb></lb>purum, vt contineatur: tale autem ſi vſtum <lb></lb>eſſet, malè oleret, & facilè vreretur: itaque <lb></lb>cùm neque facilè vratur, nec malè oleat, pu<lb></lb>rum eſt illud terreum, & aduſtionis expers. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004521">Sunt igitur auro propria, benè olere, non fœ<lb></lb>dare ignibus non conſumi, tenuiſſimum eſſe, <lb></lb>ac grauiſſimum, tum verò maximè lentum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg618"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004522"><margin.target id="marg616"></margin.target>Aurum igna<lb></lb>bus minimè <lb></lb>cedit, & ar<lb></lb>gentum pa<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004523"><margin.target id="marg617"></margin.target>Auri priui<lb></lb>legia omnia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004524"><margin.target id="marg618"></margin.target>Aurum au<lb></lb>ro perfectius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004525">Eſt etiam aurum auro perfectius: quod in <lb></lb>omni non ſolùm mortalium, ſed immorta<lb></lb>lium genere contingit: nec dico purius, ſed <lb></lb>perfectius: nam puriſſimum, quod ex India <lb></lb>aduehitur, melius eſt puriſſimo, quod alibi <lb></lb>inuentum fuerit, atque ideò noſtro vulgato <lb></lb>auro: latet tamen diſcrimen ob cuiuſcunque <arrow.to.target n="marg619"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>auri excellentiam. </s> <s id="s.004526">Separatur aurum ab ar<lb></lb>gento aqua ſeparationis: nam illa reliqua <lb></lb>metalla colliquat, auri grana in imum vaſis <lb></lb>deſcendunt, inde collecta liquantur. </s> <s id="s.004527">Modus <lb></lb>alius: Liquatur maſſa ex auro, & argento, <lb></lb>& poſtquam liquata fuerit, additur ſtibium, <lb></lb>aut ſulphur, & æris pars vigeſimaquarta: in<lb></lb>de abſumpto ſulphure concutitur vaſculum <lb></lb>ter aut quater, aurum deſcendit in imum <lb></lb>ob grauitatem, quod tamen nondum liqua<lb></lb>tum eſt, inde eſtuſo argento aurum collides. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004528">Liquatur autem argentum facilius, quia mi<lb></lb>nùs denſum: eſt enim auro longè leuius. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg620"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004529"><margin.target id="marg619"></margin.target>Ratio ſepa<lb></lb>randi aurum <lb></lb>ab aliis me<lb></lb>tallis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004530"><margin.target id="marg620"></margin.target>Auri pur<lb></lb>gandi ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004531">Purgatur etiam aurum à ſordibus hac ra<lb></lb>tione: tuſum, & in lata ac tenuia folia reda<lb></lb>ctum, mergitur in vrina vel aceto, in quo <lb></lb>ſal Ammoniacum diſſolutum fuerit: pòſt va<lb></lb>ſi imponitur puluis è tribus laterculorum <lb></lb>partibus, atque vna ſalis tenuiſſimus, ſuper<lb></lb>ponitur folium auri, auro rurſus puluis, at<lb></lb>que alternatim eadem ratione, donec vas <lb></lb>impleatur, inde horis 24. igne ſuppoſito om<lb></lb>nia abſumuntur, aurum liquatur, argentum <lb></lb>ſi adſit, ſeruatur inter cineres: cum ignem <lb></lb>ſupponi dixi, vt etiam circumponatur intel<lb></lb>ligo, nam ſi ſolùm ſupponatur vaſi, ægrè diſ<arrow.to.target n="marg621"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſoluetur, aut vix. </s> <s id="s.004532">Eſt aurum perfectio metal<lb></lb>lorum, atque conatus, argentum autem illi <lb></lb>proximum: vtrumque igitur in metallo om<lb></lb>ni ſolet latêre: dico in plumbo argentum, in <lb></lb>ære aurum, ſed in argento aurum: nam ar<lb></lb>genti optima pars eſt aurum ipſum. </s> <s id="s.004533">Itaque <lb></lb>repurgatum aurum eſt res puriſſima, aquea <lb></lb>ſubſtantia tenui atque denſata, terreæ parti <lb></lb>ſynceriſſimæ admiſta, frigore coacta abſ<lb></lb>que pinguedine, vnde liqueſcit, nec exuritur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004534"><margin.target id="marg621"></margin.target>Aurum & <lb></lb>argentum <lb></lb>omnibus me<lb></lb>tallicis con<lb></lb>tinetur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004535">An igitur ex argento viuo, vel alio me<lb></lb>tallo, quod à principio dubitatum eſt, aurum <lb></lb>conficere liceat, nunc demonſtrare tentan<lb></lb>dum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004536">Sed prius illud videndum, ex qui<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg622"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>buſnam metalla componantur. </s> <s id="s.004537">Exiſtimarunt <lb></lb>multi, ob odorem ac ſubſtantiam ex ſulphu<lb></lb>re, & argento viuo ea conſtare: cùm enim <lb></lb>vruntur, ſulphur olent, præcipuè æs: & ma<lb></lb>teria eorum perſimilis eſt argento viuo, nam <lb></lb>colore plumbum, & argentum æmulatur, <lb></lb>pondere plumbum nigrum, & aurum. </s> <s id="s.004538">Sed <lb></lb>ex duobus, quæ iam exiſtunt, tertium fieri <lb></lb>non poteſt, non igitur ex ſulphure, & ar<lb></lb>gento viuo metalla conſtant. </s> <s id="s.004539">In locis etiam <lb></lb>in quibus metalla inueniuntur, neque argen<lb></lb>tum viuum eſt, neque ſulphur: & vbi ſul<lb></lb>phur, ſqualentes montes: vbi argentum, <lb></lb>virides ac læti, vt non eodem in loco ambo <lb></lb>oriantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004540"><margin.target id="marg622"></margin.target>Metalla ex <lb></lb>quibus con<lb></lb>ſtent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004541">Quòd tamen permutari metalla poſſint, <lb></lb>multis viſum eſt ob experimentum æris iam <lb></lb>ſuperiùs adductum. </s> <s id="s.004542">Videntur etiam permu<lb></lb>tare colorem, & pondus ob ignem, quare & <lb></lb>ſubſtantiam veriſimile eſt poſſe permutare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004543">Cumque herbarum ſpecies quædam inui<lb></lb>cem viciſſim permutentur, haud mirum vi<lb></lb>deri debet metalla permutari poſſe. </s> <s id="s.004544">Verùm <lb></lb>non ita res ſe habet: nam aut nulla, aut non <lb></lb>omnia poſſunt inuicem permutari. </s> <s id="s.004545">Ferrum <lb></lb>enim, & æs cùm ambo pondere, & tenuitate <lb></lb>ſimilia exiſtant, nullúmque eorum ignibus <lb></lb>reſiſtat, ſi colorem mutent, & puritiem, ex <lb></lb>altero in alterum poſſunt traduci, aut verè, <lb></lb>aut ſaltem abſque manifeſto diſcrimine. </s> <s id="s.004546">Re<lb></lb>liquorum metallorum nullum in aurum, aut <lb></lb>argentum mutari poteſt: ſolum illud dubium <lb></lb>eſt, an argentum in aurum poſſit mutari: <lb></lb>quod fieri poſſe exiſtimo: nam argento, vt <lb></lb>aurum fiat, deſunt denſitas, ob quam pon<lb></lb>deroſius fieri oportet, & color: at hæc me<lb></lb>tallo addi poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.004547">Si denſius reddatur ar<lb></lb>gentum, pinguedo abolebitur, & ignibus <lb></lb>melius reſiſtet, atque <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt duxi) pondus acqui<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.004548">Itaque cùm ex amicis noſtris quidam <lb></lb>hoc feciſſe nuper glorientur, duorum alte<lb></lb>rum eſt neceſſarium, vel vt in argento actu <lb></lb>aurum contineatur, aut poteſtate. </s> <s id="s.004549">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>poteſtate, ab ignibus generatio fiet: oſten<lb></lb>ſum eſt autem ignem nihil generare. </s> <s id="s.004550">Si ve<lb></lb>rò actu, cur aqua ſeparationis vniuerſum <lb></lb>colliquatur, cùm conſtent in ea aurum non <lb></lb>diſſolui? </s> <s id="s.004551">Neutro igitur modo ineſſe poteſt, <lb></lb>ſed exigua pars actu, quæ dum ſeparari ne<lb></lb>quit, ab aqua ſuperatur, & colliquatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004552">Hoc igitur ab ignibus euicto argento ſepa<lb></lb>ratur, quoniam ad perfectionem prius ali<lb></lb>quid deerat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004553"><expan abbr="Cæterũ">Cæterum</expan> quod ad alia attinet metalla, tranſ<lb></lb>mutari nequeunt in aurum, neque argentum <lb></lb><expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> metalla illa iam exuſta <expan abbr="sũt">sunt</expan>: & quod <expan abbr="exuſtũ">exuſtum</expan> <lb></lb>eſt, non poteſt amplius redire ad <expan abbr="priſtinã">priſtinam</expan> pu<lb></lb>ritatem. </s> <s id="s.004554">Perfectorum etiam in ſpecie ac na<lb></lb>tura differentium nulla eſt commutatio: at <lb></lb>aurum perfectum eſt, & ſpecie differt ab <lb></lb>aliis metallis, cùm ignibus ex toto reſiſtat, <lb></lb>cùm nullum aliud (vt dixi) metallum ab igne <lb></lb>non corrumpatur, argento excepto. </s> <s id="s.004555">Rurſus <lb></lb>aurum tenuiſſimum eſt, ac longè tenuius <lb></lb>omnibus aliis metallis: argentum nunc <lb></lb>prætermitto: ignis verò vel non ſeparando <lb></lb>condenſat, aut ſeparando attenuat: quorum <lb></lb>neutrum ad auri generationem conducit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004556">Eſt etiam ignibus ( vt dixi) aurum non <lb></lb>obnoxium, quòd pinguedine careat: at ſe<lb></lb>parare pinguedinem cùm in qualibet parte <lb></lb>metalli ſit, non opus eſt ignis: nam ab igne <lb></lb>vritur, & cum ea ſubſtantia tota metalli. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004557">Metallum enim omne pingue eſt, ſolo auro <lb></lb>excepto: hoc enim ſuperius iam diximus ſub <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg623"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aliis verbis & obſcurius: nam omne etiam <lb></lb>metallum præter aurum fœdat tractantes, & <lb></lb>ignibus abſumitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004558"><margin.target id="marg623"></margin.target>Metalla <lb></lb>omnia pin<lb></lb>guia eſſe, <lb></lb>præter au<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004559">Fiunt autem metalla ex eadem materia, <lb></lb>ex qua ſulphur & argentum viuum: ſed <lb></lb>ſulphur ex tenuiore parte fit, atque aduri-<pb pagenum="456" xlink:href="016/01/105.jpg"></pb>tur: argentum viuum ex craſiſſima, & pa<lb></lb>rum elaborata: metalla ex miſta, & à calo<lb></lb>re temperatiore. </s> <s id="s.004560">Quòd ſi vir atque mulier <lb></lb>& mola ex eodem fiant ſanguine, & eodem <lb></lb>in loco, attamen non neceſſe eſt, imò ne<lb></lb>que poſſibile, ex altero alterum generari. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004561">Non enim quæ ex eiſdem generantur poſt<lb></lb>quam genita fuerint, neceſſe eſt poſſe inui<lb></lb>cem commutari: quare & ſi metalla omnia <lb></lb>ex eiſdem generentur ſubſtantiis, & argen<lb></lb>tum viuum ac ſulphur, non tamen neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt, aut poſſibile ex altero fieri alterum: niſi <lb></lb>fortè cùm ambo ſpecie <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> differunt, ſed ſolis <lb></lb>accidentibus, vt de ære & ferro dictum eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg624"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004562"><margin.target id="marg624"></margin.target>Chymiſtæ <lb></lb>quid poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004563">Ergo chymiſtæ poſſunt mutare colorem <lb></lb>ac pondus, ſubtilitatem autem & firmita<lb></lb>tem mutare nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.004564">Cùm igitur ſubtili<lb></lb>tatis experimentum operoſum ſit atque am<lb></lb>biguum, maluerunt aurum igne experiri, <lb></lb>eſtque hoc certum huius rei argumentum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004565">Id verò apertum eſt, quòd ſi argentum in <lb></lb>aurum conuerti debeat, ab aqua efficaci in <lb></lb>lutum prius conuerti oportere, inde lutum <lb></lb>in aurum tranſire poteſt. <arrow.to.target n="marg625"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004566"><margin.target id="marg625"></margin.target>Argentum <lb></lb>viuum auro <lb></lb>proximius <lb></lb>quàm ar<lb></lb>gento.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004567">Sed argentum viuum auro proximius eſſe <lb></lb>videtur quàm argento: nam auro ſimile eſt <lb></lb>pondere & tenuitate, argento autem colore <lb></lb>ſolo ab vtriſque differt, quòd fluit, & igni<lb></lb>bus euaneſcit: ob id vt argentum euadat, <lb></lb>quatuor neceſſaria erunt, vt firmetur, vt <lb></lb>leuius euadat, & craſſioris ſubſtantiæ. </s> <s id="s.004568">Vt ve<lb></lb>rò argentum viuum in aurum tranſmutetur, <lb></lb>neceſſarium eſt, vt firmetur, ignibuſque re<lb></lb>ſiſtat, & tingatur. </s> <s id="s.004569">Hæc autem longè cùm <lb></lb>ſint faciliora his quæ ad tranſmutationem <lb></lb>in argentum neceſſaria erant, fit vt multi <lb></lb>magis ſperauerint permutationem argenti <arrow.to.target n="marg626"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>viui, hydrargyrion Græci vocant, in aurum, <lb></lb>quàm argentum. </s> <s id="s.004570">Quod videtur aſſecutus <lb></lb>pharmacopolla ille Taruiſinus, qui coram <lb></lb>Principe, & ſapientibus reipublicæ Venetæ, <lb></lb>argentum viuum in aurum commutauit, cu<lb></lb>ius miraculi quædam adhuc extant veſtigia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004571">Sed quomodocunque id contigerit, certum <lb></lb>eſt argentum viuum non poſſe in aurum, <lb></lb>multóque minus in argentum commutari. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg627"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Argentum verò tametſi æs colore, plumbum <lb></lb>pondere, auro proximiora ſint, attamen <lb></lb>tenuitate ſubſtantiæ & puritate, & firmitate <lb></lb>auro ſimile adeò eſt, vt optimum argentum <lb></lb>ſit aurum ſubſtantia imperfectum, & colore <lb></lb>deficiens: ob idque longis temporum pe<lb></lb>riodis, ſi purum ſit argentum, aliqua ex par<lb></lb>te commutatur in aurum, vt etiam vetuſta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg628"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te plumbum nigrum in argentum. </s> <s id="s.004572">Si tamen <lb></lb>exquiſitiſſimè ab ære ac plumbo argenti ſe<lb></lb>mina tollantur, argentum non generabitur <lb></lb>vllis ſeculis, neque ex argento aurum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg629"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004573"><margin.target id="marg626"></margin.target>Experimen<lb></lb>tum mirum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004574"><margin.target id="marg627"></margin.target>Argenti na<lb></lb>tura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004575"><margin.target id="marg628"></margin.target>Metallorum <lb></lb>commutatio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004576"><margin.target id="marg629"></margin.target>Metallorum <lb></lb>amicitia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004577">Inde etiam metallorum amicitia: nam au<lb></lb>rum & argentum plumbum nigrum dili<lb></lb>gunt, & cùm liquantur immiſcentur plum<lb></lb>bo: æs autem refugit plumbum, & tam <expan abbr="aurũ">aurum</expan> <lb></lb>quàm argentum edit plumbum album, ſeu <lb></lb>illud mauis ſtannum appellare: modò enim <lb></lb>certa res oculis ſubiiciatur, nominibus pro <lb></lb>arbitrio vti liceat. </s> <s id="s.004578">Itaque cùm plumbum al<lb></lb>bum liquatur, nigro & argento ſupernatat, <lb></lb>criſpante vnda in fornacibus, atque ſic bacu<lb></lb>lis ferreis ſolet extrahi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004579">Illud magis mirum, quòd plumbum ni<arrow.to.target n="marg630"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>grum argento, dum fuſum eſt, ſupernatet, <lb></lb>quamuis grauius: atque ea ratione plumbum <lb></lb>effundunt ſupernatans, & argentum ſubſi<lb></lb>ſtens in imo colligunt vaſis. </s> <s id="s.004580">Cauſa huius eſt, <lb></lb>quòd plumbum licet dum concretum eſt <lb></lb>grauius fit argento, dum tamen liquatur, te<lb></lb>nuius redditur, cùm in fumum tranſire pa<lb></lb>ratum ſit, atque perpetuò euaneſcat: argen<lb></lb>tum verò cùm igne non abſumatur, neque <lb></lb>etiam attenuatur: ſi enim attenuaretur, & <lb></lb>vt abſumeretur prorſus neceſſe foret. </s> <s id="s.004581">Igitur <lb></lb>cùm plumbi ſubſtantia media ſit inter pro<lb></lb>priam ac fumi, argenti autem eadem quæ <lb></lb>ante colliquationem, nihil mirum eſt plum<lb></lb>bum liquatum argento liquato ſupernatare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004582">Plumbum verò album duplici ratione etiam <lb></lb>ſupernatabit: nam & ipſum abſumitur igne, <lb></lb>& leuius eſt nigro, quare non ſolùm argen<lb></lb>to, ſed & plumbo nigro album ſuperſtat. </s> <s id="s.004583">In<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg631"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>de ſeparatio metallorum inuenta effunditur <lb></lb>plumblum nigrum prius albo detracto, ni<lb></lb>grum autem æs ac ferrum ſecum trahit, nec <lb></lb>exquiſitè effunditur, ne argentum ſecum ela<lb></lb>batur: quicquid autem reliquum eſt plum<lb></lb>bi, pòſtquàm maxima pars effuſa fuerit, igni<lb></lb>bus abſumitur. </s> <s id="s.004584">Inde argentum manet, & ſi <lb></lb>quid auri ineſt argento immiſtum, quod <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt <lb></lb>dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> aqua ſeparationis, vel alia propoſita ſu<lb></lb>perius ratione ab argento ſeparatur. </s> <s id="s.004585">Plum<lb></lb>bum verò quod effuſum eſt denuò excutitur <lb></lb>vt quid argenti contineat, pereatque tantum <lb></lb>lucrum artifici. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004586"><margin.target id="marg630"></margin.target>Plumbum <lb></lb>ſupernai at <lb></lb>argento, cam <lb></lb>ſit grauius <lb></lb>tamen.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004587"><margin.target id="marg631"></margin.target>Separatio <lb></lb>metallorum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004588">Æs autem à plumbo ſeparatur, vt rectè <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg632"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>doceat Vannocius Biringutius Senenſis in <lb></lb>ſua pyrotechna, impoſita maſſa ſuper crati<lb></lb>culam ferream atque igne circundata: nam <lb></lb>facilè plumbum liqueſcit, ſecumque ducit <lb></lb>aurum & argentum, ſi quid eorum plumbo <lb></lb>in hæreat, atque æs quaſi aduſtum inter cine<lb></lb>res relinquitur. </s> <s id="s.004589">Hoc igitur ignibus admo<lb></lb>tum validioribus repurgato metallo à ſordi<lb></lb>bus, dum fuerit colliquatum, in maſſam co<lb></lb>ge, æſque puriſſimum habebis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004590"><margin.target id="marg632"></margin.target>Lib.3.c.5.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004591">Cæterùm pleraque metalla arte aliqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg633"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vertuntur in aquam: nam vrere oportet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004592">Vruntur celerius & commodius <expan abbr="auripigmẽ-to">auripigmen<lb></lb>to</expan> addito, vſta & in calcis ſpeciem redacta, <lb></lb>ſiccantur diligenter, inde vaſe vitreo clauſa <lb></lb>optimè, aut in terra ad tres paſſus humida <lb></lb>defodiuntur per menſem, aut ſuſpenduntur <lb></lb>ſuper vas aqua plenum feruente per horas <lb></lb>24. ita vt perpetuò ebulliat: abſit ab aqua <lb></lb>duorum tantùm, aut trium digitorum ſpatio: <lb></lb>par eſt autem quod ex aqua genitum fuit in <lb></lb>aquam reuerti, ſed aurum & argentum vix <lb></lb>in aquam tranſeunt, ob ſubſtantiæ, velut di<lb></lb>ctum eſt ſoliditatem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004593"><margin.target id="marg633"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>quomodo in <lb></lb>aquam ver<lb></lb>tantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004594">Argentum verò quatuor modis oritur aut <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg634"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in terra, quæ iguibus coacta illud reddit, <lb></lb>vel plumbo, atque æri immiſtum, vel in <lb></lb>lapidibus, quæ ſimiliter igne vexata illud <lb></lb>emittunt: plerunque etiam cupro permi<lb></lb>ſtum, vt in Alſatia iuxta Rhenum, in mon<lb></lb>tibus ſanctæ Annæ, ac Miſnenſibus, ibi enim <lb></lb>lapides cupro prægnantes, & in cupro ar<lb></lb>genti mira copia: vel in lapidibus purum, ac <lb></lb>quaſi herba quædam virgulis è lapide or<lb></lb>tum habentibus quale apud me eſt. </s> <s id="s.004595">Ego, quod <pb pagenum="457" xlink:href="016/01/106.jpg"></pb>frequens eſt, arbores vidi, ſeu potius arbu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg635"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſta, ex eo rude quod è Germania aduehitur, <lb></lb>ibi inuenitur, & in Bohemia Abertami, & <lb></lb>in Miſena Annæbergi & Snebergi adeò de<lb></lb>fæcatum, vt ad examen ſynceritatis dedu<lb></lb>ctum, decima tantum ſui ponderis parte de<lb></lb>creſcat. </s> <s id="s.004596">Georgius Agricola refert, in Bohe<lb></lb>mia inuentum fruſtum argenti ponderis duo<lb></lb>rum talentorum. </s> <s id="s.004597">Eſt autem hoc pondo cen<lb></lb>tum & quadraginta. </s> <s id="s.004598">Quod purum eſt dum <lb></lb>eruitur refert varias figuras, ligonum, mal<lb></lb>leorum, raſtrorum. </s> <s id="s.004599">Refert ille idem vidiſſe <lb></lb>ſe Snebergi quod ſpeciem ſtatuæ viri infan<lb></lb>tem geſtantis referret. </s> <s id="s.004600">Fingitur arte argen<lb></lb>tum, atque ex ære conficitur, adeò vt oculos <lb></lb>ac cotem Lydiam fallat multis modis: ſed in <lb></lb>re ſordida duos narraſſe ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.004601">Auripig<lb></lb>menti albi ſeu arſenici communis, halinitri <lb></lb>ponderibus æquis partes in vas coniice vi<lb></lb>treum concluſum, & per horam ſuper car<lb></lb>bones ardentes permitte vt totum commi<lb></lb>nuatur, huius quoque pulueris vnciam ac<lb></lb>cipe, argenti viui tantundem, fæcis vini ſic<lb></lb>catæ, ac in puluerem ignis vi redactæ ſemun<lb></lb>ciam. </s> <s id="s.004602">Inde ergo duos habes pulueres: pri<lb></lb>mum, qui ex auri pigmento & ſale nitro <lb></lb>conſtat: alterum, qui ex eo & argento viuo <lb></lb>ac fæce vini eſt compoſitus. </s> <s id="s.004603">Igitur ære colli<lb></lb>quato, in ſingulas libras adde primi pulue<lb></lb>ris à ſemuncia ad vnciam vſque donec re<lb></lb>purgetur miſcendo: inde poſt quàm purga<lb></lb>tum fuerit, alterius pulueris quadrantem <lb></lb>immitte, miſceto, & in mel protinus effun<lb></lb>dito. </s> <s id="s.004604">Eſt & modus compendioſior cum ar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg636"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gento ſublimato albo. </s> <s id="s.004605">Sunt qui, vt Pom<lb></lb>ponius Gauricus, in binas libras æris, hali<lb></lb>nitri & arſenici vncias ſingulorum ternas <lb></lb>miſceant, ac percoquant. </s> <s id="s.004606">Res hæc aliis lu<lb></lb>cro, aliis creſſit ſupplicio, cùm ſit ſedes adul<lb></lb>terinæ monetæ. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg637"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004607"><margin.target id="marg634"></margin.target>Argenti or<lb></lb>tus quadru<lb></lb>plex.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004608"><margin.target id="marg635"></margin.target>Magnitudo <lb></lb>argenti ru<lb></lb>dis mira. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004609">Figuræ ru<lb></lb>dis argenti <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004610"><margin.target id="marg636"></margin.target>Aeris in ar<lb></lb>gentum mu<lb></lb>tatio non <lb></lb>vera, quomo<lb></lb>do.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004611"><margin.target id="marg637"></margin.target>In argentan<lb></lb>di ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004612">Verùm in argentandi ratio ars eſt, & <lb></lb>probata ab autoribus, conceſſaque ab omni<lb></lb>bus probis. </s> <s id="s.004613">Ollam argenti ſpuma illine, inde <lb></lb>argenti bracteas tenues cum alumine, & ſa<lb></lb>le & fæce vini arida in cote tere, & in vas <lb></lb>coniice. </s> <s id="s.004614">Ignibus autem omnia liquantur ſi<lb></lb>mul, & in aquam effunduntur. </s> <s id="s.004615">Quod verò <lb></lb>inargentare cupis, aceto prius in quo ſal <lb></lb>Ammoniacum ſit excoctum laua ſedulò, at<lb></lb>que argento viuo vel albo plumbo illito, & <lb></lb>ei addito quod iam in aquam effuderas, de<lb></lb>mum ignibus facile vt exhalet argentum <lb></lb>viuum, vel album plumbum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004616">Alij verò plumbo albo vaſa intus ærea <lb></lb>oblinunt, vt inargentata videantur, qui mos <lb></lb>apud nos frequens eſt: nam amarum ſapo<lb></lb>rem non reddunt, nec ſunt adeò inſalubria, <lb></lb>iucundiora verò viſu. </s> <s id="s.004617">Vas ipſum pice ni<lb></lb>gra oblinunt, inde candenti ferro tangunt <lb></lb>plumbum album, hæret aliquid ex eo quòd <lb></lb>pici ſtatim imponunt, ignis feruore pix <lb></lb>conſumitur, plumbum hæret. <arrow.to.target n="marg638"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004618"><margin.target id="marg638"></margin.target>De electro.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004619">Media inter aurum & argentum natura <lb></lb>electri eſt. </s> <s id="s.004620">Sunt & qui electrum appellent: <lb></lb>ſed nobis de metallo ſermo eſt. </s> <s id="s.004621">Aliud eſt <lb></lb>quod fit, aliud quod naſcitur: ſed natiuo <lb></lb>gratia & vires conſtat ex auro, & argenti <lb></lb>parte quinta. </s> <s id="s.004622">Si plures habeat argenti, incu<lb></lb>dibus non reſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.004623">Formatur in vaſe pul<lb></lb>chritudinis cauſa & vtilitatis: nam quod <lb></lb>ſponte oritur, venena prodit duplici via: <lb></lb>ſtridet enim, & arcus emittit. </s> <s id="s.004624">Quid mirum? <arrow.to.target n="marg639"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cum ſtannum & album plumbum, & his <lb></lb>magis omnibus aurichalcum, ſolo veneno<lb></lb>rum contactu alienum contrahant colorem, <lb></lb>& ſplendorem repentè amittant. </s> <s id="s.004625">Humidum <lb></lb>igitur tenue electri dum abſumitur, ſtrido<lb></lb>rem facit, & mutato colore, ob inſignem ni<lb></lb>torem, macula arcum videtur imitari. </s> <s id="s.004626">Ergo <lb></lb>vt diuitiæ electrum, ita paupertas ſuum ha<lb></lb>bet aduerſus venena aurichalcum, quod illo<lb></lb>rum prodat inſidias. </s> <s id="s.004627">Sed diuitiæ electrum, <lb></lb>foſſile amiſerunt: quod quanquam inue<lb></lb>niantur, & nunc, ſtudio tamen auaritiæ & <lb></lb>ignorantia virium, dum aurum ab argento <lb></lb>ſeparant, electrum eſſe deſinit. </s> <s id="s.004628">Nec magna <lb></lb>res eſt adeò à venenis electrum mutari, cùm <lb></lb>etiam argentum vitietur: nec duram ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam pati ab externo veneno, cùm (vt di<lb></lb>xi) ab argento viuo ſolo contactu aurum <lb></lb>adeò fragile euadat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg640"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004629"><margin.target id="marg639"></margin.target>Electrum ve<lb></lb>nena perdit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004630"><margin.target id="marg640"></margin.target>Plumbi qua<lb></lb>tuor ſpecies.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004631">Argento ſimile ( vt dixi) plumbum eſt: <lb></lb>illius autem quatuor ſpecies, nigrum, vul<lb></lb>gare, ac precij vilioris, album, quod ple<lb></lb>rumque vulgus vocat ſtannum: biſemu<lb></lb>tum hucuſque incognitum, quaſi medium <lb></lb>inter nigrum & album. </s> <s id="s.004632">Nec tamen illud <lb></lb>etiam noſtra ætate vulgatum, cùm tantùm <lb></lb>in Sudnis Bohemiæ montibus inueniatur. <arrow.to.target n="marg641"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Quartum genus è ſtibio fit. </s> <s id="s.004633">Creſcere omne <lb></lb>plumbum exiſtimatur ſpontè, atque ideo te<lb></lb>cta labefactare grauitate ſua. </s> <s id="s.004634">Galenus reci<lb></lb>tat, ſepultum humidis locis ſub terra augeri <lb></lb>magnitudine, & pondere. </s> <s id="s.004635">Differt album <lb></lb>plumbum à ſtanno, quòd album plumbum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg642"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>per ſe oritur, ſtannum cum argento ſemper: <lb></lb>eſtque ſtannum quaſi plumbum argento de<lb></lb>albatum. </s> <s id="s.004636">Odit metalla omnia plumbum al<lb></lb>bum: auroque, & argento vel ex centeſimà <lb></lb>additum, fragilia reddit ea. </s> <s id="s.004637">Fit & ſtannum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg643"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>arte, & quod nobilius eſt, recipit in pondo <lb></lb>viginti & quinque ſtanni naturalis, aut can<lb></lb>didi plumbi, pondo vnum plumbi nigri. </s> <s id="s.004638">Si <lb></lb>verò in pondo nouem plumbi alibi, pondo <lb></lb>vnum nigri miſceatur, durum euadit, & ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg644"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vaſa conficienda, optimum. </s> <s id="s.004639">Laudatur etiam <lb></lb>vſque ad octauam partem plumbo addito <lb></lb>nigro: plus verò ſi addatur, vile fit: hoc pel<lb></lb>trum Mediolanenſes vocant. </s> <s id="s.004640">Fiebat & ſtan<lb></lb>num olim ære & plumbo miſtis. </s> <s id="s.004641">Stridet <lb></lb>ſtannum quod ab argento defluit: ſtridet & <lb></lb>album plumbum, & ſtannum etiam artificio <lb></lb>factum. </s> <s id="s.004642">Creſcit durities in ſtanno, quia <lb></lb>plumbum nigrum durius euadit ob album: <lb></lb>album minus obnoxium rimis & fracturæ ob <lb></lb>nigri mollitiem ac ſubſtantiam à qua re<lb></lb>pletur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg645"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004643"><margin.target id="marg641"></margin.target>Libro 9. de <lb></lb>Simplic. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004644">medic.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004645"><margin.target id="marg642"></margin.target><expan abbr="Plumbũ">Plumbum</expan> al<lb></lb>bum odit <lb></lb>alia metalla.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004646"><margin.target id="marg643"></margin.target>Stannum ar<lb></lb>tificioſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004647"><margin.target id="marg644"></margin.target>Stannum na<lb></lb>tiuum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004648"><margin.target id="marg645"></margin.target>Mirum <lb></lb>plumbi li<lb></lb>quefacti ex<lb></lb>perimentum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004649">Dum hæc ſcriberemus, vir quidam publicè <lb></lb>Mediolani liquefacto <expan abbr="plũbolauabat">plumbo lauabat</expan> manus ac <lb></lb><expan abbr="vultũ">vultum</expan>, ſed prius aqua <expan abbr="quadã">quadam</expan> partes eas ablue<lb></lb>bat. </s> <s id="s.004650">Conſiderandum eſt autem in hoc, nam <lb></lb>duobus vtebatur præſidiis tractationis, ce<lb></lb>leritate & aqua. </s> <s id="s.004651">In aqua oportuit eſſe exi<lb></lb>miam quandam frigiditatem, & vim non <lb></lb>obſcuram, craſſam, qua plumbi calorem ar<lb></lb>ceret, & prohiberet, ne corpori hære<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.004652">Dicunt quidam fieri hoc ſucco por<lb></lb>tulacæ, tum mercurialis, ob lentorem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004653">Ego quandoquidem <expan abbr="illũ">illum</expan> adeò parcè vti aqua <lb></lb>conſpicerem, vt nonnunquam vultum <pb pagenum="458" xlink:href="016/01/107.jpg"></pb>aliqua ex parte lædi pateretur, arbitror po<lb></lb>tius metallicam fuiſſe, velut ſtibij: nam lu<lb></lb>crum abundabat, & in ſingulas vices de auro <lb></lb>non minus colligebat pecuniarum, vt ſi ex <lb></lb>tam vilibus herbis collecta fuiſſet, haud tam <lb></lb>parcè ea vti debuerit. <arrow.to.target n="marg646"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004654"><margin.target id="marg646"></margin.target>Æs.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004655">Poſt plumbum æs ſuccedit: cuius vſus <lb></lb>antiquo tempore non ſolùm ad arma, qui<lb></lb>bus teguntur homines, & clypeos, ſed etiam <arrow.to.target n="marg647"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lanceas vtilis fuit. </s> <s id="s.004656">Itaque Homerus Mene<lb></lb>laum perſequentem Paridem dixit, <foreign lang="grc">ἔγχει <lb></lb>χαλκείῳ. </foreign></s> <s id="s.004657">Æternam habet in conſtructioni<lb></lb>bus perſeuerantiam, quòd non vt ferrum, <lb></lb>chalybſue tangatur rubigine. </s> <s id="s.004658">Cùm enim tria <lb></lb>ſint, elementa quæ humorem mittunt, ter<lb></lb>ra, aqua, aër: corrumpuntur autem & fer<lb></lb>ruginem ducunt metalla ab humore, quod <lb></lb>ab humoris iniuria tutum eſt, tutum eſt <lb></lb>etiam ſiue ſub dio ſit, ſeu in aquis merſum, <lb></lb>ſeu ſepultum in terra. </s> <s id="s.004659">Superius verò de<lb></lb>monſtrauimus, omnem materiam quæ plus <lb></lb>iuſto exuſta ſit, ab humoris iniuria eſſe tu<lb></lb>tam, velut eſt æs, quod vel ſolo odore pro<lb></lb>dit vſtionem: neceſſe eſt igitur in conſtru<lb></lb>ctionibus æs ipſum æternum eſſe: ob quam <lb></lb>cauſam in pretio antiquo tempore fuiſſe <lb></lb>magis exiſtimo ferro, quòd non atterere<lb></lb>tur æuo, nec vſu. </s> <s id="s.004660">Nunc cùm auaritiæ con<lb></lb>ſulatur, ferro minus vtiliter vtuntur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg648"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004661"><margin.target id="marg647"></margin.target>Æs in con<lb></lb>ſtructionibus <lb></lb>cur æter<lb></lb>num.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004662"><margin.target id="marg648"></margin.target>Muſicorum <lb></lb>organorum <lb></lb>varia imi<lb></lb>tatio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004663">Ære etiam fiſtulæ fiunt organorum mu<lb></lb>ſicorum: quædam plumbo candido, aliæ li<lb></lb>gno: atque ita in eodem organo audies tu<lb></lb>bas, cornua, fiſtulas, tibias, tympana, lyram, <arrow.to.target n="marg649"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teſtudinem, citharam, mira varietate, tum <lb></lb>etiam alias voces alternatis modis reſonan<lb></lb>tes. </s> <s id="s.004664">Solum deerat humana, quæ eò diffici<lb></lb>lius imitatur, quòd ſuauior eſt cæteris. </s> <s id="s.004665">Æs <lb></lb>propriè tubis conuenit, vt Doricam muſi<lb></lb>cam alacri & maximo ſtrepitu excitet, at<lb></lb>que ob id homines ad prælium accendat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004666">Ære noſtro durius Cyprium: duplex hoc, <lb></lb>naturàle, interlucentibus aureis maculis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg650"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt vidi. </s> <s id="s.004667">Inuentum referunt in Hiſpania <lb></lb>noui orbis inſula fruſtum ponderis librarum <lb></lb>200. alibi ferri vel æris legitur: adeò in <lb></lb>magnam molem excreſcit. </s> <s id="s.004668">Arte etiam con<lb></lb>ſtat, vocatur cuprum, vocis ſimilitudine: <lb></lb>nobilius in ſingulas æris, libras quatuor ha<lb></lb>bet, candidi plumbi, quod ſtannum voca<lb></lb>mus libram: & vſque ad octauam partem <lb></lb>æris immiſtum plumbum candidum, nobi<lb></lb>le reddit cuprum. </s> <s id="s.004669">Quòd ſi aurichalcum albi <lb></lb>plumbi loco ſubiiciatur, vilius erit. </s> <s id="s.004670">Si ni<lb></lb>grum impenſæ vitandæ ( vt ſolet) cauſa, <lb></lb>plumbum loco candidi æri miſceatur, vi<lb></lb>liſſimum fit. </s> <s id="s.004671">Cupri vſus ad machinas ma<lb></lb>gnas igneas, ad ollas, & ad lebetes. </s> <s id="s.004672">Præſtat <lb></lb>in hoc æri multum, quòd etiam abſque <lb></lb>ſtanno non inficiat edulia ſapore vllo, vel <lb></lb>odore. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg651"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004673"><margin.target id="marg649"></margin.target>Æs cyprium <lb></lb>naturale.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004674"><margin.target id="marg650"></margin.target>Aes cyprium <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004675"><margin.target id="marg651"></margin.target>Aurichal<lb></lb>cum, & eius <lb></lb>compoſitio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004676">Aurichalcum & ipſum arte conſtat, & <lb></lb>antiquum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004677">Apollonius in Argonau<lb></lb>tica: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><foreign lang="grc">Λαμπετίη δ´ ἐπὶ βουσὶν ὀρειχάλκειο φαεινοῦ, <lb></lb>Πάλλεν ὀπιδέουτα ἠναλαύρόπα</foreign>.<emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><arrow.to.target n="marg652"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004678"><margin.target id="marg652"></margin.target>Ariſtotelis <lb></lb>liber de Ar<lb></lb>canis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004679">Refert ad tempora Argonautarum, vo<lb></lb>catque Orichalcum, Plautus aurichalcum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004680">Cælius recitat Ariſtotelem dixiſſe in arca<lb></lb>nis, aurichalcum ſeu orichalcum nuſquam <lb></lb>effodi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004681">Ferrum verò effoditur contraria ratione, <lb></lb>nec eſt factitium viliſſimum, nobiliſſimum, <lb></lb>bonis ac malis vſibus æquè inſeruiens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004682">Molleſcit ſucco corticum fabæ aut maluæ, ſi <arrow.to.target n="marg653"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in his, non aqua, extinguatur. </s> <s id="s.004683">Vt verò cùm <lb></lb>foditur, ductile fiat, torretur gleba, ac ſub <lb></lb>dio exponitur: imbribus molleſcit quod <lb></lb>terreum eſt, ſole colliquatur quod eſt hu<lb></lb>midum, ignibus acrior pars, & quæ quaſi <lb></lb>illi venenum eſt, abſumitur. </s> <s id="s.004684">Ita dum ſæ<lb></lb>piùs torretur, dio exponitur, molle fit ac <lb></lb>quantumvis tractabile. </s> <s id="s.004685">Fila etiam ferrea ſi <lb></lb>ignita per ſe refrigerati permittantur, adeò <lb></lb>ductilia euadunt, vt vice lini ad vincien<lb></lb>dum vti poſſis. </s> <s id="s.004686">Præſtat tamen filum per ſe <lb></lb>molle ac tenax primò elegiſſe, quale refe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg654"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>runt apud Suedones Germaniæ populos <lb></lb>eſſe, quod Oſemutum vocant. </s> <s id="s.004687">Molle itaque <lb></lb>ferrum hoc modo cælatur: pingitur quod <lb></lb>fingere cupis in ferro, ex aduerſo pila plum<lb></lb>bea ſubiicitur, inde malleolo tunditur pars <lb></lb>quam compreſſam cupis: quæ prominere <lb></lb>debet, plumbo excepta non ſubſidet: ita <lb></lb>animalium & plantarum ſubtiliter imagi<lb></lb>nes referunt, vt cera expreſſas & elaboratas <lb></lb>acutis ſcapellis diceres. </s> <s id="s.004688">Si verò aqua frigida <lb></lb>ferrum dum candet, extinguatur, & durum, <lb></lb>& minimè ductile, & fragile euadere neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt: nam aquæ frigore cogitur ignis qui in<lb></lb>tus eſt, humidumque innatum ferri celeri<lb></lb>ter abſumit: quo cùm ductile eſſet, ac ob <lb></lb>id molle, ſublato, fragile & durum euade<lb></lb>re neceſſe eſt: vnde patet, nihil quod tenax <lb></lb>ſit, durum valde eſſe poſſe. </s> <s id="s.004689">Refert Gonzalus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg655"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Fernandus Ouiedus in ſeptimo Indicarum <lb></lb>rerum noui orbis orbis ( autor inſignis, ac <lb></lb>meo iudicio verax atque eruditus, adeò vt <lb></lb>hunc ſolùm antiquis inter hiſtoricos noſtræ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg656"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ætatis adnumerari dignum cenſeam, cuius <lb></lb>librum dedit mihi vir illuſtris Franciſcus <lb></lb>Duardus Hiſpanus, Cæſaris in Italia quæ<lb></lb>ſtor, patritius, humanitatis, iuſtitiæ, pruden<lb></lb>tiaque ſingularis, & erga eruditos mirum in <lb></lb>modum animo propenſus ) Indos captiuos <lb></lb>Cabuiæ herbæ filo & arena compedes ſeca<lb></lb>re, atque ita fugæ conſulere: eſſeque hoc <lb></lb>frequens in ea inſula Hiſpaniola. </s> <s id="s.004690">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>ita eſt, contumax oportet eſſe filum illud <lb></lb>Cabuiæ, vt trahi poſſit multum, & celeriter <lb></lb>duci, tum latum & planum, ne arena ſubſi<lb></lb>liat: arenam verò tenuem, & aſperam, ac <lb></lb>duram, qualis vt dicemus Smirij lapidis: nam <lb></lb>non aliter ferrum ſcindi poterit. </s> <s id="s.004691">Sic etiam <lb></lb>anchoras diuiſas refert: nam diuturno, aſſi<lb></lb>duo, celerique tractu, ſi duriores lapides di<lb></lb>uiduntur, quid mirum de ferro? </s> <s id="s.004692">Præſtat limæ <lb></lb>modus hic, quòd non exaudiatur: vnde limæ <lb></lb>ſurdæ, quæ tenues, <expan abbr="lẽtè">lentè</expan>, ſed <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> ſono <expan abbr="ſecãt">ſecant</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004693"><margin.target id="marg653"></margin.target>Ferrum quo<lb></lb>modo mol<lb></lb>leſcat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004694"><margin.target id="marg654"></margin.target>Ferrum quo<lb></lb>modo cæle<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004695"><margin.target id="marg655"></margin.target>Ferrum quo<lb></lb>modo filo di<lb></lb>uidetur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004696"><margin.target id="marg656"></margin.target>Franciſcus <lb></lb>Duardus <lb></lb>Cæſareus <lb></lb>Quæſtor.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004697">Sed ferro nobilior chalybs, duplex, natiuus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg657"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>atque factitius, vrerque duriſſimus, atque ea <lb></lb>(vt dixi) cauſa, eo ferro fragilior. </s> <s id="s.004698">Factitius ex <lb></lb>duriſſimo ferro repurgato, & marmore con<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> <s id="s.004699">Optimus, qui minutiſſimis granis ac ni<lb></lb>tentibus lucet, ferrugine nulla, nullis rimis <lb></lb>ferroque leuior. </s> <s id="s.004700">Repurgatus optimè, inde <lb></lb>candens, extinctus ſucco raphani & aqua <lb></lb>terreſtrium vermium pari menſura terue <lb></lb>quaterve, ferrum vt plumbum ſcindit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004701">Nam expertum hoc Albertus ſe, refert. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004702">Contingit hoc, cuius experimentum adhuc <pb pagenum="459" xlink:href="016/01/108.jpg"></pb>extat, ſic chalybs immodicè ſiccus, duruſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg658"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que ac tenuis, eo medicamento reddatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004703">Quodcunque tale eſt, ferrum vt lignum ſe<lb></lb>care poteſt. </s> <s id="s.004704">Vtilius multò quod inuenit Ga<lb></lb>leaz Rubeus amicus meus, vt ferrus thorax <lb></lb>igneum ſuſtineret tormentum. </s> <s id="s.004705">Tantum po<lb></lb>teſt ars: iam vbi rationem conceperis, deſi<lb></lb>nes admirari. </s> <s id="s.004706">Eadem eſt durities, vbi eadem <lb></lb>materia eſt, & aliquando validior vbi coa<lb></lb>cta fuerit hæc, <expan abbr="cõduplicata">conduplicata</expan> <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ſæpius mul<lb></lb>tiplicata: velut faſciculus lignorum contu<lb></lb>maciſſimum reddit ferrum: longis igitur <lb></lb>ictibus ac via aquarum denſum ferrum <expan abbr="quã-vis">quan<lb></lb>vis</expan> tenue, eò quòd terreum, aqueumque <lb></lb>excrementum per ignes conſumat, neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt inuiolatum reddi ad quoſcunque penè <lb></lb>ictus, paruarum verò machinarum ſemper. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004707">Sunt chalybis, ferriue genera nobiliſſima, <lb></lb>quæ aurum æquato pondere pretio vincunt, <lb></lb>Agiambina, Azimina, Charmanina, Da<lb></lb>maſnena, omnia à regionibus quæ nunc <lb></lb>ſic materna noſtra lingua vocantur, nomen <lb></lb>ſumpſerunt. </s> <s id="s.004708">Suadet mihi regionem etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg659"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aliquid addere præter artem, quòd cùm <lb></lb>Virgilij tempore paſſim in Italia, Germa<lb></lb>nia, Hiſpaniaque chalybs haberetur, ille ta<lb></lb>men dixerit, At Chalybes nudi ferrum: vt <lb></lb>ſuſpicer eos inter ſupradictos populos con<lb></lb>tineri. </s> <s id="s.004709">Exeditur tam chalybs, quàm ferrum <lb></lb>à mari ob ſalis non ſolùm vim, ſed æſtum: <lb></lb>atque ventos: vt in Diomedeæ inſulæ cla<lb></lb>tratis, tum loricis thoracibus armiſque <lb></lb>aliis videre licet, nec eſt remedio locus ni à <lb></lb>vapore arceantur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg660"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004710"><margin.target id="marg657"></margin.target>Chalybs fa<lb></lb>ctitius quo<lb></lb>modo fiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004711">Chalybis op<lb></lb>tima cogni<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004712"><margin.target id="marg658"></margin.target>Chalybs vt <lb></lb>ferrum ſcin<lb></lb>dat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004713"><margin.target id="marg659"></margin.target>Chalybis fer<lb></lb>riue genera <lb></lb>nobiliſſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004714"><margin.target id="marg660"></margin.target>Ferrum quo<lb></lb>modo arte <lb></lb>repurgetur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004715">Arte verò ferrum repurgari, & nobile <lb></lb>reddi, Ariſtoteles in Meteoris docet, dicens: <lb></lb>Ferrum ſæpius excoctum repurgatur: & <lb></lb>quod illi ineſt terrei, tranſit in ſquamam, <lb></lb>ipſum verò tranſit in chalybem. </s> <s id="s.004716">Verùm hoc <lb></lb>refugiunt artifices, quòd quantò plus abſce<lb></lb>dat ſquamæ, eo ferrum minus reddatur & <lb></lb>leuius. </s> <s id="s.004717">Conſtat tamen paucis additis in ali<lb></lb>quod ex ſupradictis generibus nobiliſſimis <lb></lb>hac arte tranſire. </s> <s id="s.004718">Nam cùm purius, ac du<lb></lb>rius, ac leuius fiat, euadit & ſubtilius, atque <lb></lb>ideo denſius. </s> <s id="s.004719">Denſum autem dupliciter, aliud <lb></lb>vt plumbum, aliud autem vt agallochum, <lb></lb>hoc autem vt ferrum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004720">Sed ſunt præter hæc artificioſa metallo<arrow.to.target n="marg661"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum genera, quędam minus vulgata, vt quod <lb></lb>ex argenti partibus duabus atque vna plum<lb></lb>bi conſtat, ad ſpecula fabricanda optima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004721">Sicut ſi in treis aurum ſupponatur, meliora <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg662"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in eo genere euadunt. </s> <s id="s.004722">Et bracteæ, quæ gem<lb></lb>mis ſupponuntur, auro, argento, æreque con<lb></lb>ſtant, ſuperponunturque prunis, ſuſpenſæ <lb></lb>tamen ne tangant, inde ex varia illorum pro<lb></lb>portione diuerſorum colorum ſplendorem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg663"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>accipiant. </s> <s id="s.004723">Quæ carbunculum excipiunt, <lb></lb>ære & auri parte vigeſimaquarta conſtant, <lb></lb>vnde nullæ minus diuturnæ. </s> <s id="s.004724">Aurichalcum <lb></lb>etiam fit nobiliſſimum, auro pulchritudine <lb></lb>par. </s> <s id="s.004725">Calaminaris lapis ſeu magneſia, argen<lb></lb>tum, & æs cyprium, vel illius loco æs addito <lb></lb>vitro. </s> <s id="s.004726">Superponitur vitrum, ne magneſia <lb></lb>euaneſcat: nec ſemel addidiſſe contentus <lb></lb>eris vitrum atque magneſiam. </s> <s id="s.004727">Hîc argen<lb></lb>tum pro albo plumbo, magneſiam pro cad<lb></lb>mia, cyprium æs pro communi ære ſubii<lb></lb>cimus, repetimuſque magneſiam ac vitrum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004728">Fiunt ex his vaſa præcipui vſus, ſed & ex <lb></lb>metallis omnibus, quæ in cuſtodita parum <lb></lb>durant. </s> <s id="s.004729">Tribus modis franguntur: ignis ea <lb></lb>colliquat, terebrat & fragilia reddit argen<lb></lb>tum viuum. </s> <s id="s.004730">Percuſſa aut pondere preſſa fle<lb></lb>ctuntur. </s> <s id="s.004731">Flexa rimam ducunt, aut rumpun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.004732">Ne flectantur dum lauantur, curæ ſit vt <lb></lb>terna, quaternave ſimul lauentur: primoque <lb></lb>purgato, poſtremum anteponatur: atque ita <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg664"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mutata vice, & omnibus ex æquo ſimul <lb></lb>compreſſionem ſuſtinentibus, omnia deter<lb></lb>guntur abſque vitio flexuræ. </s> <s id="s.004733">Quòd ſi flexu<lb></lb>ram duxerint, illicò malleolo ſenſim emen<lb></lb>dentur: ſicque æterna manent. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004734"><margin.target id="marg661"></margin.target>Specula ex <lb></lb>argento opti<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004735"><margin.target id="marg662"></margin.target>Bractearum <lb></lb>quæ gemmis <lb></lb>ſupponuntur <lb></lb>ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004736"><margin.target id="marg663"></margin.target>Aurichal<lb></lb>cum nobiliſ<lb></lb>ſimum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004737"><margin.target id="marg664"></margin.target>Metallica <lb></lb>vaſa vt diu <lb></lb>ſeruentur il<lb></lb>læſa.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.108.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/108/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004738"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER SEPTIMVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004739"><emph type="center"></emph>De Lapidibus.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg665"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004740"><margin.target id="marg665"></margin.target>Lapidum ge<lb></lb>nera omnia <lb></lb>quinque.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004741">ABSOLVTA metallorum ratio<lb></lb>ne, ſupereſt vt de Lapidibus <lb></lb>loquamur. </s> <s id="s.004742">Sunt autem omnia <lb></lb>illorum genera quinque nu<lb></lb>mero, gemma, marmor, eos, ſi<lb></lb>lex, & ſaxum. </s> <s id="s.004743">Præter hæc ſunt factitij lapi<arrow.to.target n="marg666"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>des, de quibus naturalium ſermone abſoluto <lb></lb>dicemus. </s> <s id="s.004744">Gemmam vulgi more nunc appel<lb></lb>lamus, lapidem omnem nitentem, natura <lb></lb>rarum atque paruum. </s> <s id="s.004745">Raritate lapilli om<lb></lb>nes littoris excluduntur: paruitate marmora <lb></lb>quæ nitent, & quorum genera quædam ra<lb></lb>ra ſunt inuentu, quæ tamen non ſunt gem<lb></lb>mæ, quia parua non ſunt, ſed in vnoquoque <lb></lb>genere eximiæ magnitudinis quædam in<lb></lb>ueniuntur. </s> <s id="s.004746">Nitere etiam diximus: nam lima<lb></lb>cius ac borax parui lapilli ſunt, & rari non <lb></lb>tamen gemmæ, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> nitent: aut ſi <expan abbr="nitẽt">nitent</expan> <expan abbr="parũ">parum</expan> <lb></lb>nitent. </s> <s id="s.004747">Hoc igitur modo margaritæ etiam, <lb></lb>& coralli, & turcheſiæ, & lapides om<lb></lb>nes non in Oriente nati, vt carbunculus <lb></lb>& chryſolithus Germanicus, tum etiam to<lb></lb>pazius Orientalis, cerulæuſque lapis, de quo <lb></lb>ſuprà loquuti ſumus, necnon & ſmarag<lb></lb>dus, tum etiam cryſtallus, quamvis li<lb></lb>mam vix ſentiant, gemmæ veræ non ſunt: <lb></lb>nam veræ dicuntur hæ ſolùm quæ eam pe<lb></lb>nitus non ſentiunt: atque ea de cauſa omnes <lb></lb>quas nuper adiecimus <expan abbr="gẽmas">gemmas</expan> verè nominare <lb></lb>non liceat Dicantur igitur hæ ſimilitudine <lb></lb><expan abbr="gẽmæ">gemmæ</expan>: quæ verò nitent, & <expan abbr="limã">limam</expan> non <expan abbr="ſentiũt">ſentiunt</expan>, <lb></lb>gemmæ: quæ autem ſentiunt & nitent, non <pb pagenum="460" xlink:href="016/01/109.jpg"></pb>tamen paruæ ſunt, toto genere marmora. </s> <s id="s.004748">Si <lb></lb>autem ſquamis conſtent, ſilices: ſi granulis, <lb></lb>cotes: ſi nihil horum adſit, ſaxa vocentur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg667"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004749"><margin.target id="marg666"></margin.target>Gemma quæ <lb></lb>vocetur, & <lb></lb>quæ verè ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004750"><margin.target id="marg667"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004751">Gemmarum genera tria: perſpicuum vt <lb></lb>adamas, opacum vt onyx plerunque, mi<lb></lb>ſtum vt ſardonyx & iaſpis: quorum par<lb></lb>tes quædam perſpicuæ, quædam verò opa<lb></lb>cæ. </s> <s id="s.004752">Aliæ etiam reddunt imaginem vt Sap<lb></lb>phirus quem ego habeo, & ſmaragdus, <lb></lb>tum carbunculus illo in Orchomeno Arca<arrow.to.target n="marg668"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diæ inuentus. </s> <s id="s.004753">Cauſa cur reddant gemmæ <lb></lb>imaginem, eſt nitor primum, inde duri<lb></lb>ties, tertiò opacitas, quartò color dilutus: <lb></lb>vix enim cum calore perfecto poteſt imago <lb></lb>reddi. </s> <s id="s.004754">Inter ſaxa plerunque generantur <lb></lb>gemmæ, deſtillante è lapidibus ſucco in con<lb></lb>caua, velut infans materno ſanguine. </s> <s id="s.004755">Vi<lb></lb>dimus in lapidibus ferreis, quos ad confi<lb></lb>cienda metallica vaſa conterebant, ame<lb></lb>thyſtos & carbunculos eius generis, quos <lb></lb>vocant granatos, ſed minimè duros, quòd <lb></lb>è Germania deferrentur: vt appareret gem<lb></lb>mas è ſucco metallico inter lapides puriore <lb></lb>generari. </s> <s id="s.004756">Pretioſiores quidem ex auro & <lb></lb>argento, ignobiles ex ære & ferro, at<lb></lb>que plumbo. </s> <s id="s.004757">In noſtris igitur regionibus <lb></lb>gemmæ nobiles non fiunt, quia auro non <lb></lb>abundant: & ſi auro abundare poſſent, ob<lb></lb>ſtat cœli frigus. </s> <s id="s.004758">Pro natura igitur metal<lb></lb>lorum differentiæ fiunt lapidum atque gem<lb></lb>marum. </s> <s id="s.004759">Auri quidem adamas, carbuncu<lb></lb>lus, ſmaragdus, opalus, ſapphirus autem <lb></lb>argenti, ferri verò carbunculus, granatus <lb></lb>& amethyſtus: hos cùm duri non fuerint <lb></lb>inferius, ſuccos potius quàm gemmas ap<lb></lb>pellabimus. </s> <s id="s.004760">Chryſtallus cùm magnitudi<lb></lb>ne, & mollitie multum abſit à gemmarum <lb></lb>natura, illud quoque habet quòd abſque <lb></lb>metallica natura oriatur. </s> <s id="s.004761">Viſne exemplum <lb></lb>gemmarum ortus? </s> <s id="s.004762">Vt nodi in lignis, vt in <lb></lb>hominibus glandulæ: vt in herbis ſemina <lb></lb>quædam, imò verius vt fungi in arboribus, <lb></lb>& qui pertioſiores ſunt in roſarum truncis: <lb></lb>quod enim liquidum eſt, cogitur: quod te<lb></lb>nue & purum, ſplendet: quod impurum, <lb></lb>tantùm nitet: quod longo tempore inter <lb></lb>ſaxa duratur, in lapidis etiam duritiem tran<lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.004763">Tranſit & in gemmæ duritiem, quòd te<lb></lb>nue ſit admodum: nam id nitet, quia æqua<lb></lb>le eſt & ſolidum: parum enim abeſt, præcipuè <lb></lb>ſi poliatur, quod tenuiſſimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004764"><expan abbr="Gemmarũ">Gemmarum</expan> <lb></lb>igitur ortus talis eſt, atque <expan abbr="pretioſiorũ">pretioſiorum</expan> in ca<lb></lb>lidis regionibus quòd ſuccus ille ſit tenuiſſi<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.004765">Ob id igitur gemmæ omnes tantum ha<lb></lb>bent duritiei, quantum & nitoris. </s> <s id="s.004766">Aliæ verò <lb></lb>in animalibus generantur, vt ſuo loco ex<lb></lb>plicabitur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg669"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004767"><margin.target id="marg668"></margin.target>Cauſa cur <lb></lb>gemmæ red<lb></lb>dunt imagi<lb></lb>nem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004768">Gemmarum <lb></lb>ortus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004769"><margin.target id="marg669"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>matrices.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004770">Cæterùm quæ inter lapides generan<lb></lb>tur, non paſſim, ſed habet vnaquæque <lb></lb>gemma ſuam matricem. </s> <s id="s.004771">Smaragdus praſ<lb></lb>ſio innaſcitur, & iaſpidi quandoque, ſi<lb></lb>lici, iaſpis. </s> <s id="s.004772">Carbunculum ferunt balaſſio, <lb></lb>cryſtallus marmori, onychi ſarda, qua<lb></lb>lis apud me eſt, vbi in imo videas ony<lb></lb>chem expreſſam, Sardam in ſupremo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004773">Cognoſcuntur gemmæ, tactu, viſu, li<arrow.to.target n="marg670"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ma, ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.004774">Tactu, quia grauiores <lb></lb>vitro ſunt ac frigidiores. </s> <s id="s.004775">Vnde Indi gens <lb></lb>hoc in genere ſolertiſſima, linguæ conta<lb></lb>ctu eas probare ſolent. </s> <s id="s.004776">Sunt autem optimæ, <lb></lb>quæ frigidiſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.004777">Viſu, quòd ſplendor niti<lb></lb>dior ſit, conſtantior, ac magis oculos im<lb></lb>plens, nec lucernæ lumine adeò vt vitrum <lb></lb>hebetatur. </s> <s id="s.004778">Subſtantia verò viuacior ac ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg671"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gis leuis. </s> <s id="s.004779">Lima, quia (vt dixi) non atte<lb></lb>runtur. </s> <s id="s.004780">Inde factum eſt vt gemmæ pleræque <lb></lb>interdiu locis in quibus naſci ſolent, ſolis <lb></lb>ſplendore detegantur: nocte Lunæ, vel ſy<lb></lb>derum: aliæ caſu, aliæ effoſſis locis certis ar<lb></lb>gumentis quæruntur, inueniuntúrque. </s> <s id="s.004781">Gem<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg672"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>marum vitia plurima: alia tamen coloris, vt <lb></lb>fumus, vmbra, nubecula: alia corporis, vt <lb></lb>ſcabrities, capillus, ſal, punctum, ſcobs, <lb></lb>plumbago, ferrugo, rubigo, vomica. </s> <s id="s.004782">Fu<lb></lb>mus obſcurior, nubecula candidior, vm<lb></lb>bra tenuior ac nigrior. </s> <s id="s.004783">Capillus in ſuper<lb></lb>ficie quaſi exeſus, vt lima tactus lapis vi<lb></lb>deatur. </s> <s id="s.004784">Sal obſcurum intus, glaciem vo<lb></lb>cant, Scabrities aſperitas quædam, quæ <lb></lb>tamen à profundo originem ducit. </s> <s id="s.004785">Pun<lb></lb>ctum eſt, vt bulla parua in corpore gem<lb></lb>mæ. </s> <s id="s.004786">Scobs velut fragmenta ſparſa. </s> <s id="s.004787">Plum<lb></lb>bagine obtuſus ſplendor redditur, ferru<lb></lb>gine etiam cum colore obſcuro. </s> <s id="s.004788">Vomica <lb></lb>puſtula videtur profunda, denſa. </s> <s id="s.004789">Nuper <lb></lb>vidi tuberculo ſimilem, cum exterior ſuper<lb></lb>ficies leuis eſſet, & tuber in ſolido. </s> <s id="s.004790">Id ve<lb></lb>rò admirabile quod intus prominere vide<lb></lb>retur. </s> <s id="s.004791">Vt quòd erat, eſſe vix poſſe cre<lb></lb>das, nec vlla arte poſſe imitari. </s> <s id="s.004792">Vitian<lb></lb>tur gemmæ non plus animalibus, plantiſ<lb></lb>ve, imò minus: ſed tamen rariores ſine <lb></lb>vitio videntur eſſe gemmæ animalibus & <lb></lb>plantis, quòd in gemmis ob ſplendorem, <lb></lb>& paruitatem vitia magis conſpicua ſint, <lb></lb>& animaduerſione digna. </s> <s id="s.004793">Ob id pleroſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg673"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que eruditos magis vitiis grauioribus ob<lb></lb>noxios exiſtimamus, fallente ſenſu: nam <lb></lb>non ſic eſt, ſed ob ſplendorem nominis <lb></lb>& formæ humilitatem magis ſunt in illis <lb></lb>conſpicua, & magis animaduertuntur. </s> <s id="s.004794">At <lb></lb>plebeios homines obſcuritas tegit: non enim <lb></lb>tot hominum oculos habent in ſe conuer<lb></lb>ſos, vt ſapientes. </s> <s id="s.004795">Magnitudo autem in <lb></lb>Principibus facit, vt non animaduerta<lb></lb>tur vitium, velut nec in ampla veſte exi<lb></lb>gua macula: eò factum eſt, vt anſa præ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg674"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>beretur populis maledicendi de ſapienti<lb></lb>bus: tum verò viciſſim illis irritatis, in<lb></lb>uidia non leuis patriæ conflata eſt, à qua <lb></lb>nonnunquam excidium & calamitates in<lb></lb>gentes prouenêre. </s> <s id="s.004796">Quantum obfuit etiam <lb></lb>citra diuinum iudicium Iudæis, quòd <lb></lb>Chriſtum & Iacobum occiderint? </s> <s id="s.004797">Athe<lb></lb>nienſibus, quòd Socratem? </s> <s id="s.004798">Romanis, <lb></lb>quòd Scipionem Africanum in exilium <lb></lb>ſpontaneum coëgerint? </s> <s id="s.004799">Sed omittamus <lb></lb>obſcuriora: ab euidentibus ſumamus <lb></lb>exemplum. </s> <s id="s.004800">Pericles vir maximi inge<lb></lb>nij, inſimulatus ab æmulis quòd pe<lb></lb>cuniam publicam apud ſe repoſitam con<lb></lb>ſumpſiſſet, ne apud iudices infenſos ca<lb></lb>lumniæ rationem reddere cogeretur, ſua<lb></lb>dendo & impellendo, populum Athenien<lb></lb>ſem bello Peloponenſi implicuit, in quo <lb></lb>pecuniæ omnes tam publicæ, quam pri<lb></lb>uatæ abſumptæ ſunt: iuuentus tota par<lb></lb>tim bello, partim cum toto populo pe<lb></lb>ſte ſublata eſt: agri vaſtati: vrbes Athe<lb></lb>narum imperio ſubiectæ, exciſæ euerſæ, ac in <pb pagenum="461" xlink:href="016/01/110.jpg"></pb>hoſtium colonias tranſlatæ: amiſſum etiam <lb></lb>imperium primò, inde libertas: demum <lb></lb>muris euerſis, quod deterrimum fuit, vrbs <lb></lb>ipſa in triginta tyrannorum poteſtatem re<lb></lb>dacta eſt. </s> <s id="s.004801">Neſcio quàm ſanctè rempubli<lb></lb>cam ſuam tractarit: quàm callidè vltus ſit <lb></lb>inimicos, omnibus conſpicuum eſt, vt nun<lb></lb>quam poſthac Athenienſium ciuitas im<lb></lb>perium recuperare potuerit, autor eſt <lb></lb>Diodorus Siculus in duodecimo Biblio<lb></lb>thecæ ſuæ. </s> <s id="s.004802">Itaque vt ad rem redeam, <lb></lb>ſplendor in gemmis & perſpicuitatis cau<lb></lb>ſa ſunt, vitia fiant manifeſtiora. </s> <s id="s.004803">Perſpi<lb></lb>cuitatis cauſa in gemmis ( nam ſuperius <lb></lb>de metallis egimus ) eſt, vt colore ca<lb></lb>reant, & aqueam habeant ſubſtantiam. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg675"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Oſtendit hoc experimentum Chalcedonij, <lb></lb>qui onychis ſpecies eſt: nam in aquam in<lb></lb>iectus, eſt perſpicuus, & coloris aquei: <lb></lb>ſiccatus candidus & minimè perſpicuus, <lb></lb>raræ enim ſubſtantiæ eſt, atque ideo aquam <lb></lb>combibit. </s> <s id="s.004804">Eius permiſtione opacitas tolli<lb></lb>tur, color enim candidus nunquam po<lb></lb>teſt eſſe perfectè perſpicuus, quoniam ra<lb></lb>dios diſſipat, & permutat à propria na<lb></lb>tura, vt vel non poſſint penetrare: vel ſi <lb></lb>penetrent, rei imaginem colore vitiàto <lb></lb>oſtendere nequeant. </s> <s id="s.004805">His igitur de cauſis <lb></lb>aqueus color, vt qui aquæ, vitri, cryſtal<lb></lb>li, adamantis perſpicuitati ſuper omnes alios <lb></lb>colores conuenit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004806"><margin.target id="marg670"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>propria ſi<lb></lb>gna.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004807"><margin.target id="marg671"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>inuentio <lb></lb>quomodo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004808"><margin.target id="marg672"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>vitia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004809"><margin.target id="marg673"></margin.target>Sapientes <lb></lb>cur magis <lb></lb>vitiis dediti <lb></lb>videantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004810"><margin.target id="marg674"></margin.target>Sapientes cur <lb></lb><expan abbr="plerunq;">plerunque</expan> ſuæ <lb></lb>patriæ perni<lb></lb>ciem attule<lb></lb>runt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004811"><margin.target id="marg675"></margin.target>Perſpicuita<lb></lb>tis in gem<lb></lb>mis cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004812">Præcipuæ inter gemmas, Smaragdus vi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg676"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ridis, carbunculus rubens, adamas can<lb></lb>didus, margarita lactea, ſapphirus cæru<lb></lb>leus, chryſolithus aureus, opalus varius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004813">Pretia eo ordine nunc apud nos ſe ha<lb></lb>bent, niſi quòd opalus ſmaragdum ſequi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.004814">His hyacinthus addatur, & Pran<lb></lb>nium, altera purpurei, reliqua nigri colo<lb></lb>ris, quanquam pretij non parua ſit diſſimi<lb></lb>litudo. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg677"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004815"><margin.target id="marg676"></margin.target>Gemmæ præ<lb></lb>cipuæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004816"><margin.target id="marg677"></margin.target>Lapidibus <lb></lb>morbos, ſe<lb></lb>nium ac <lb></lb>mortem ad<lb></lb>uenire.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004817">Viuere ſuperius omnia quæ miſcentur <lb></lb>demonſtrauimus, hoc autem maximè lapi<lb></lb>dibus conuenit. </s> <s id="s.004818">Neque ſolùm viuunt, ſed <lb></lb>morbos, & ſenectutem, & pòſt etiam <lb></lb>mortem patiuntur. </s> <s id="s.004819">Nam ſenio confectus <lb></lb>Herculeus lapis, ferrum non trahit: pe<lb></lb>ctore etiam ac ſqualore debilitatur, vt etiam <lb></lb>animal. Neque enim qualitate id agunt, <lb></lb>ſed vita: nam piper prius piper eſſe de<lb></lb>ſinit, quàm quòd ſumptum ab homine <lb></lb>non excalefaciat, etſi ſit vetuſtiſſimum: at <lb></lb>lapides nulla ex parte carioſi propriis viri<lb></lb>bus deſtituuntur. </s> <s id="s.004820">Obſcuriora hæc ſunt om<lb></lb>nia in lapidibus quàm in plantis, quantò <lb></lb>etiam vita in his minus, & vitæ opera <lb></lb>ſunt manifeſta. </s> <s id="s.004821">Sed ſi tamen animaduer<lb></lb>tas, & pallere, & obfuſcari, & propriis <lb></lb>viribus deſtitui, cariemque pati videbis <lb></lb>Creſcunt & hac de cauſa lapides exciſi, <arrow.to.target n="marg678"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quoniam viuunt. </s> <s id="s.004822">Nam & plantarum par<lb></lb>tes, & chelæ cancrorum, & lacertarum cau<lb></lb>dæ auulſæ reparantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004823"><margin.target id="marg678"></margin.target>Lapides cur <lb></lb>exciſi denuò <lb></lb>creſcant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004824">Lapidibus <lb></lb>cur vires <lb></lb>maiores <lb></lb>quàm ani<lb></lb>malibus & <lb></lb>plantis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004825">Dubitabit autem meritò aliquis, cur <lb></lb>lapidibus ipſis maiores vires eſſe videantur, <lb></lb>quàm animalibus, aut plantis, cùm anima<lb></lb>lia & plantæ clariore viuant vita? </s> <s id="s.004826">Ergo <lb></lb>plures huius rei cauſæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.004827">Prima, quòd <lb></lb>dum animal & plantam multis functioni<lb></lb>bus aptam parare neceſſe fuerit, non licuit <lb></lb>miſtionem adeò temperare, vt vires illas <lb></lb>admirabiles aſſequeretur. </s> <s id="s.004828">Indicio eſt, quòd <lb></lb>inter animalia viliſſima quæque clarioribus <lb></lb>virtutibus prædita ſunt, vt ſalamandra, <lb></lb>bombyx, cicendula, chamæleon. </s> <s id="s.004829">Et inter <lb></lb>lapides non gemmæ trahunt ferrum, aut <lb></lb>illud ad polos dirigunt, ſed obſcurus ac <lb></lb>omni carens pulchritudine Herculeus lapis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004830">Altera eſt, quòd mollis materia tantam <lb></lb>vim ſuſpicere non poterat, vt nec dura fa<lb></lb>cilè varietatem figurarum: ob hoc nec la<lb></lb>pidibus folia, flores, aut fructus adſunt vel <lb></lb>crura, aut oculi, nec animalibus, aut plan<lb></lb>tis tam validæ, aut admirabiles vires. </s> <s id="s.004831">Ac<lb></lb>cedit quòd generatio lapidum in longo tem<lb></lb>pore ſit, in breui plantarum & animalium: <lb></lb>itaque maius aliquid temporis longitudine <lb></lb>adiuta molliri natura poteſt. </s> <s id="s.004832">Plures etiam <lb></lb>vires animalibus ſunt, quæ vel à voluntatis <lb></lb>arbitrio procedere putantes non miramur: <lb></lb>aut ob illorum captinitatem nos latent. </s> <s id="s.004833">Qua<lb></lb>mobrem apertè de lapidum viribus iudicare <lb></lb>licet illas nec agnoſcere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004834">Hyacintho tribuunt non paucas laudes <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg679"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>viri autoritate digni, inter quos Serapio, <lb></lb>quem Ioannem Damaſcenum in commento <lb></lb>ſuper Artem medicam eſſe docuimus: quòd <lb></lb>à fulgure tutos reddat geſtantes, atque adeò <lb></lb>tutos, vt vel cera quæ illius cœlaturæ ſubie<lb></lb>cta fuerit, etiam illud geſtata arceat. </s> <s id="s.004835">Exper<lb></lb>tumque eſſe in regionibus illis, in quibus <lb></lb>plures fulmine pereunt, cùm nemo quia hya<lb></lb>cinthum ferat, tangatur ab eo. </s> <s id="s.004836">Simili mira<lb></lb>culo geſtantes, à peſtis periculo liberat, <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>in aëre peſtilenti habitantes. </s> <s id="s.004837">Tertium eſt, <lb></lb>quòd ſomnum conciliat, hocque ſe exper<lb></lb>tum fatetur Albertus Magnus. </s> <s id="s.004838">Ego præ<lb></lb>grandem ſoleo geſtare, videturque aliquid, <lb></lb>non tamen multum conferre ad ſomnum: <lb></lb>verùm non puniceus hic meus eſt, atque ex <lb></lb>illo optimo genere, ſed aureus, multum<lb></lb>que ab optimo dehiſcens. </s> <s id="s.004839">Optimus enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg680"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>puniceus eſt, qui rarò lentis ſuperat magni<lb></lb>tudinem. </s> <s id="s.004840">Hic dum iuxta ignem eſt, id eſt, <lb></lb>ſuper prunas poſitus, obſcurior fit ac rubi<lb></lb>cundior, ab igne remotus ſplendeſcit. </s> <s id="s.004841">Verùm <lb></lb>parum hoc genus à carbunculo nobilitate <lb></lb>differt, rariſſima ( vt dixi ) mediocri magni<lb></lb>tudine. </s> <s id="s.004842">Referunt ad hoc genus vires omnes <lb></lb>manifeſtè, obſcurè verò ad aureum, nullo <lb></lb>modo ad aqueum, hic enim vili, eſt, & effœ<lb></lb>tarum virium: augere præterea diuitias ac <lb></lb>autoritatem exiſtimant, cor verò confir<lb></lb>mare admodum, lætitiamque non obſcu<lb></lb>ram gignere. </s> <s id="s.004843">Horum igitur cauſam non <lb></lb>tanquam verorum, ſed vt poſſibilium af<lb></lb>feramus. </s> <s id="s.004844">Frigidi temperamenti eſt: atque <lb></lb>hoc fermè omnibus commune gemmis, & <lb></lb>ſpiritui humano commodus, ſeu ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ ſimilitudine, ſeu claritate, ſeu colo<lb></lb>re qui ſimillimus eſt, ſeu alia cauſa, vn<lb></lb>de illum reparans & confirmans hilarem <lb></lb>reddit: nihil enim aliud eſt triſtitia, quàm <lb></lb>vel contractio ſpiritus, vel paucitas, vel <lb></lb>obſcuritas. </s> <s id="s.004845">Eadem igitur ratione, vt qui<lb></lb>dam ſe expertos retulerunt, ſi quid aliud <lb></lb>cor confirmat: peſtem quoque arcet, <lb></lb>quæ maximè contingit ob metum & <lb></lb>cordis imbecillitatem, quæ duo hyacin<lb></lb>thus abolet: ob hoc pueri, & mulieres, & <pb pagenum="462" xlink:href="016/01/111.jpg"></pb>timidi, peſte corripiuntur celerrimè: iuuenes <lb></lb>& fortes, non niſi valde ſæuiente, multum <lb></lb>igitur iuuabit arcendo peſtem. </s> <s id="s.004846">Sed & ob ſpi<lb></lb>ritus iucunditatem, gratum & manſuetum <lb></lb>reddet & boni conſilij: vnde autoritatem au<lb></lb>gebit, ad cuius incrementum plerunque <lb></lb>etiam diuitiæ augentur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg681"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004847"><margin.target id="marg679"></margin.target>Hyacinthus <lb></lb>& vires il<lb></lb>lius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004848"><margin.target id="marg680"></margin.target>Species hya<lb></lb>cinthorum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004849"><margin.target id="marg681"></margin.target>Hyacinthus <lb></lb>quomodo à <lb></lb>fulmine ho<lb></lb>minem tueri <lb></lb>poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004850">Viri clari <lb></lb>fulmine ex<lb></lb>tincti.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004851">Reliquum igitur hoc vnum eſt, vt à ful<lb></lb>mine reddat tutos. </s> <s id="s.004852">Neque hoc exiguum eſt <lb></lb>munus, quandoquidem clari viri multi, hoc <lb></lb>mortis genere tam repentino perierint: Zo<lb></lb>roaſtres Bactrianorum rex, Capaneus bello <lb></lb>Thebaico, Aiax poſt Troiæ excidium, Ana<lb></lb>ſtaſius imperator poſt 27. imperij annum: <lb></lb>Carus quoque tum Cæſares etiam alij. </s> <s id="s.004853">Id er<lb></lb>go quot modis fieri poſſit, doceamus. </s> <s id="s.004854">Vel <lb></lb>enim prohibet ne veniat, vel vt conſilium <lb></lb>gerentis dirigat, aut quòd ſolis his in men<lb></lb>tem veniat hyacinthum ferre, quos <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> <lb></lb>fulmen læſurum eſt, vel vt prohibeat ne læ<lb></lb>datur qui fert hyacinthum, etiamſi fulmine <lb></lb>tactus fuerit. </s> <s id="s.004855">Plures excogitari modos poſſe <lb></lb>non video, Tangi fulgure nec lædi vix eſt ve<lb></lb>riſimile: neque qui ſcribunt, non lædi, ſed <lb></lb>non tangi ſcripsêre. </s> <s id="s.004856">Rurſus prohibere etiam <lb></lb>ne veniat, maius miraculum erit quàm hoc: <lb></lb>actiones enim ſaltem conſpicuæ & magnæ <lb></lb>contactu fieri ſolent. </s> <s id="s.004857">Fato verò ita eſſe con<lb></lb>ſtitutum, proximum fabulæ eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.004858">Il<lb></lb>lud igitur melius eſt dicere, exhilaratum <lb></lb>ſpiritum cordis etiam hoc commodi aſſequi, <lb></lb>vt hominem eò arrigat, quò omninò à ful<lb></lb>gure tutus ſit. </s> <s id="s.004859">Dicere autem, quod etiam ſi <lb></lb>tangatur, non lædatur, medicum eſt ac ma<lb></lb>gis naturale: quanquam miraculo euidenti <lb></lb>proximius ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004860">Diximus in his, morem Philoſophi ſecu<lb></lb>ti, qui in tam arduis quæſtionibus ſatis eſſe <lb></lb>putat, ſi magis abſurda deuitemus. </s> <s id="s.004861">At quòd <lb></lb>lapides nos tueantur à caſu, velut de Erano, <lb></lb>vocata Turcheſia <expan abbr="referũt">referunt</expan>, quę annulo geſta<arrow.to.target n="marg682"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta, ſi ex equo cadat homo, excipere omnem <lb></lb>ictum creditur, atque frangi etiam in fru<lb></lb>ſta ſeruato homine, minus difficilem ha<lb></lb>bet cauſam, tametſi arduam: adiiciunt, <lb></lb>oportere dono eſſe acceptam. </s> <s id="s.004862">Lapis hic co<lb></lb>lore cœli conſpicuus eſt, nitetque. </s> <s id="s.004863">Probatur <lb></lb>autem, quòd nocte ſubviridis videatur, <lb></lb>quòd pars auerſa & quæ in imo eſt, nigra <lb></lb>ſit, quòd venas ex inferiore parte recipiat, <lb></lb>quòd lenis ſit nec admodum frigidus, quòd <lb></lb>denique diluta calx & ei ſuperpoſita cærulea <lb></lb>videatur, coloremque gemmæ excipiat. </s> <s id="s.004864">Et <lb></lb>cùm talis etiam fuerit, nec perſpicuus, nec <lb></lb>gemma: lima enim tangitur. </s> <s id="s.004865">Quinetiam <lb></lb>ignibus propè admoto effloreſcit color, & <lb></lb>ſolo manuum vdo flacceſcit, & diluitur. </s> <s id="s.004866">Ob <lb></lb>hoc incertum eſt, an ſeplaſia gemmariorum <lb></lb>vulgata ſit fama tantæ virtutis, vt magni <lb></lb>pretij, ac modicæ pulchritudinis, ac caducæ, <lb></lb>lapis reperiet emptores. </s> <s id="s.004867">Nec hi apud quos <lb></lb>naſcitur alias ei eſſe putant vires, quàm ad<lb></lb>uerſus veneficia & lymphaticos. </s> <s id="s.004868">Ergo ſi <lb></lb>prohibeat cadentium damna, hoc fiet homi<lb></lb>ne minus preſſo: nam & hanc cauſam ca<lb></lb>dentibus vilioribus ac macilentis equis non <lb></lb>periclitamur. </s> <s id="s.004869">Sed lapidem ipſum ictum <lb></lb>excipere, ſupra fidem eſt: forſan adeò <lb></lb>mollis eſt, vt celerius equite ipſo caden<lb></lb>te lædatur. </s> <s id="s.004870">Eſt mihi Erano, & dono <lb></lb>quidem accepta, nec experiri contigit, nec <lb></lb>tanti eſt voluiſſe ſcire, vt experiri velim. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg683"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Minore miraculo hyænam & ſmaragdum <lb></lb>futura prænoſcere faciunt, ſi id faciant: <lb></lb>nam nunc de ea re quæ facit diſſerere <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg684"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nolo, ſed quòd facere poſſit, & cur, & <lb></lb>quomodo. </s> <s id="s.004871">In annulo enim geſtata gem<lb></lb>ma, vel collo appenſa, quod validius eſt, <lb></lb>aut etiam ſub lingua retenta, quod maxi<lb></lb>mè tunc efficere poteſt confirmat rei ven<lb></lb>turæ opinionem, non venturæ autem ex <lb></lb>animo delet. </s> <s id="s.004872">Id quomodo faciat, ſi ſcire <lb></lb>cupis, non ſecus ac per ſomnium ani<lb></lb>mam diuinare dicas: at quomodo per <lb></lb>ſomnium diuinare contingit, in libello <lb></lb>de Animi immortalitate, docuimus. </s> <s id="s.004873">Poſ<lb></lb>ſunt & lapides ſub lingua retenti, diui<lb></lb>nationem facere, augendo iudicium & <lb></lb>prudentiam: horum autem maximè eſt <lb></lb>diuinatio, vt in libris de Sapientia, de<lb></lb>monſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.004874">Frangi verò ſmaragdum in <lb></lb>coitu quandoque experimento compræ<lb></lb>henſum dicunt. </s> <s id="s.004875">Vtut res ſe habet, fra<lb></lb>gilior omnium gemmarum eſt ſmaragdus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004876">Cùm verò abundanti, tenuique humido <lb></lb>concoctio acceſſerit, calore vexata diſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg685"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rumpitur. </s> <s id="s.004877">nam humidum concalefactum in <lb></lb>aërem tranſit, maiuſque occupat ſpatium, <lb></lb>inde diſrumpit: hoc enim demonſtratum <lb></lb>eſt ſuperius. </s> <s id="s.004878">Incaleſcere plurimùm cor<lb></lb>pus in Venere, & anhelitus frequentia, <lb></lb>& ſudoris aduentus etiam quandoque do<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg686"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cet, calorque hic magis imprimit, quia <lb></lb>non quemadmodum in exercitationibus <lb></lb>ſenſim diſſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.004879">Venenis maximè reſi<lb></lb>ſtit epota hæc gemma, quoniam mollitie <lb></lb>vincitur à natura, plus omni alia gem<lb></lb>ma: perſpicuitate ſubſtantiam ſpiritus re<lb></lb>creat: humidi concocti abundantia, na<lb></lb>turæ humanæ confert, & veneni naturam <lb></lb>retundit: quia verò lapis, ſtabiles vires re<lb></lb>tinet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004880"><margin.target id="marg682"></margin.target>Turcheſia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004881"><margin.target id="marg683"></margin.target>Smaragdus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004882"><margin.target id="marg684"></margin.target>Gemmæ quo<lb></lb>modo poſſint <lb></lb>facere diui<lb></lb>bationem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004883"><margin.target id="marg685"></margin.target>Cur ſmarag<lb></lb>dus in coitu <lb></lb>quandoque <lb></lb>frangatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004884"><margin.target id="marg686"></margin.target>Cur ſma<lb></lb>ragdus præ<lb></lb>cipuè reſiſtit <lb></lb>venenis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004885">Eſt & Occidentalis Indiæ ſmaragdus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg687"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Peru, à Prouincia vocata, paulò antiqua, <lb></lb>durior, non adeò ſatura colore, verùm <lb></lb>iucundioris aſpectus. </s> <s id="s.004886">Geſtata mihi viſa <lb></lb>eſt triſtitiam afferre, & ſomnia mœroris, <lb></lb>timoriſque plena. </s> <s id="s.004887">Ob id petulantibus ac<lb></lb>commodata. </s> <s id="s.004888">Nam prudentiores efficit, & <lb></lb>pacatiorem animum reddit: vt contrà, hya<lb></lb>cinthus mœſtis àc timidis vtilior. </s> <s id="s.004889">Eorum <lb></lb>verò quæ viſui grata ſunt, fermè nullum <lb></lb>homini non vtile eſt. </s> <s id="s.004890">Dico autem gemmas, <lb></lb>aurum, argentum, ſericum, purpuram, <lb></lb>modò ars aſpectum non decipiat. </s> <s id="s.004891">Itaque <lb></lb>ſmaragdus cùm pulchritudine præſtantiſſi<lb></lb>ma ſit gemmarum, vt duritia & ſolidita<lb></lb>te adamas, gratia ſapphirus, alacritate car<lb></lb>bunculus, ac ſplendoris varietate opalus, <lb></lb>nitore chryſolithus, diuerſitate achates, <lb></lb>ita etiam ſmaragdus hominis ſalubritati <lb></lb>plus confert: verùm vt molliſſima eſt, ita <lb></lb>obnoxia omnibus maximè caſibus. </s> <s id="s.004892">Vitia<lb></lb>tur ab igne & æſtu, à contactu duriorum <lb></lb>gemmarum, præcipuè adamantis, à cha<lb></lb>lybe aurichalco, ære communi, tum <lb></lb>cyprio, ab ictibus, attritu: denique nul<lb></lb>lis non obnoxia iniuriis hæc gemma eſt, <lb></lb>hacque cauſa paucis eſt in digitis, ob pre<lb></lb>tium grande. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="463" xlink:href="016/01/112.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004893"><margin.target id="marg687"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>nobilium <lb></lb>propriæ lau<lb></lb>des.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004894">Probatur maximè, qui maximè ſplendet, <lb></lb>ac quaſi vt Sol quidam, qui neque lucos, <lb></lb>& virentia prata imitando oculos alacrita<lb></lb>tate implet: neque vlla eſt alacrior gemma. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004895">Optimos etiam referunt coti Lydiæ affrica<lb></lb>tos, æream maculam relinquere. </s> <s id="s.004896">Somnia <lb></lb>verò & imagines mouere longè minus mi<lb></lb>rum eſſe conſtat, quàm præbere diuinatio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg688"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nem. </s> <s id="s.004897">Sic lapis ille qui apud me eſt, imagi<lb></lb>nes mouet in ſomnis aſſiduas, & minuit <lb></lb>ſomnium, ac memoriam auget. </s> <s id="s.004898">Palàm eſt <lb></lb>hoc facere ſiccitate maxima, quam habet: <lb></lb>magnitudo vt piſi non mediocris aut parui, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg689"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed magni: color ferrugineus in ſupremo <lb></lb>cum maculis ſanguineis cum nitore, duri<lb></lb>tie maiore quàm achatis, in imo vt turbidi, <lb></lb>candidi oui: maculæ illæ ſanguineæ limacis <lb></lb>corticem repræſentant: vbi lapis eſt candi<lb></lb>dior, pars quaſi tunicæ interioris oua intus <lb></lb>ſpectatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004899"><margin.target id="marg688"></margin.target>Gemmæ quo<lb></lb>modo imagi<lb></lb>nes in ſomnis <lb></lb>oſtendant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004900"><margin.target id="marg689"></margin.target>Gemma in<lb></lb>certi generis <lb></lb>mirabilis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004901">Simili cauſa amethyſtum referunt ſom<lb></lb>nia mouere, vnde Chalam dicitur Hebraï<lb></lb>cè, quod eſt ſomniare, teſte Rabbi Aben <lb></lb>Ezra. </s> <s id="s.004902">Quædam verò alia permutatione ſom<lb></lb>nia mouent, vt onyx, cuius nomen vulgò <lb></lb>Nicolus, nam ſpiritum mutat & agitat: vel <lb></lb>pulchritudine alia id agunt, vt carbunculi, <lb></lb>opali, achates: quædam rurſus proprietate. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004903">Manifeſtum eſt igitur quatuor modis exci<lb></lb>tari ſomnia à lapidibus: nam & ab aliis cau<lb></lb>ſis ſi excitentur quam à lapidibus, in hæc <lb></lb>quatuor genera facilè rediguntur. </s> <s id="s.004904">Sic enim <lb></lb>vigiliæ, cùm ſomnus ſuccedit leuis, ob ſic<lb></lb>citatem mouent imagines, & cepæ, caules, <lb></lb>ac ſinapis, ob vapores: & timor, gaudium, <lb></lb>viridiaria, amor, quia animum mouent: <lb></lb>& quæ ſpontè mouent, de quibus in primo <lb></lb>libro de Inſomniis diximus. </s> <s id="s.004905">Audaciam ve<lb></lb>rò aut promptitudinem præſtare, vel igna<lb></lb>uiam etiam, longè facilius quàm ſomnia <lb></lb>mouere. </s> <s id="s.004906">Et rurſus ſanguinem ſiſtere, aut <lb></lb>confirmare ventriculum, quemadmodum <lb></lb>Iaſpidem facere videmus, admiratione fer<lb></lb>mè omni carere debet: quandoquidem ad <lb></lb>primas, aut ſecundas ſaltem qualitates hæc <lb></lb>referri poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.004907">Atque hæ in nobis vires. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg690"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Porrò lapidum ſubſtantia dura, vtque durior <lb></lb>eò pretioſior, velut metallorum quò fuerit <lb></lb>magis ductilis, vnde inter metalla auro pre<lb></lb>tium ſummum, & adamanti ſubſtantiæ ra<lb></lb>tione: nam colore cedit carbunculo, opalo, <lb></lb>& ſmaragdo. </s> <s id="s.004908">Illud præcipuum adamanti, <lb></lb>quòd eius ramenta etiam ſunt pretioſa: nam <lb></lb>ſcrupulus ſex aureis coronatis venditur: du<lb></lb>ritie enim omnes gemmas diuidit, cælaturæ <lb></lb>non tantùm commodus, ſed & neceſſarius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004909">Non ab alio fermè quàm à ſuo ſcobe atte<lb></lb>ritur & expolitur Adamas, ob duritiem. </s> <s id="s.004910">Ma<lb></lb>gnitudo eius vncia rariſſimè excedit. </s> <s id="s.004911">Indicio <lb></lb>eſt quidem, qui nunc Antuerpiæ habetur <lb></lb>ſexagies ſeſtertio, id eſt, aureis coronatis cen<lb></lb>tum quinquaginta millibus æſtimatur: cùm <lb></lb>tamen ſctupulo ab vnciæ pondere deficiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004912">Formatus & expolitus non minùs quàm qua<lb></lb>tuor aureis talentis ex more, quamvis opera <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg691"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vix dimidij. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004913"><margin.target id="marg690"></margin.target>Lapides vt <lb></lb>duriores, me<lb></lb>talla vt ma<lb></lb>gis ductilia <lb></lb>pretioſiora. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004914">Adamas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004915"><margin.target id="marg691"></margin.target>Cuſpis teli <lb></lb>puluere illi<lb></lb>ta <expan abbr="adamãtis">adamantis</expan>, <lb></lb>arma omnia <lb></lb>facilè perfo<lb></lb>rat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004916">Eadem etiam cauſa referunt, quòd non <lb></lb>obſcuram habet rationem, cuſpidem illitam <lb></lb>puluere adamantis, ſeu teli ſit, ſeu ſariſſæ, aut <lb></lb>gladij, vel ſagittæ, facilè omnia arma, vt <lb></lb>loricam, galeámque poſſe traiicere: incaleſ<lb></lb>cit enim ictuferrum ſeu chalybs, & obuium <lb></lb>ferrum penetrat. </s> <s id="s.004917">Hoc igitur & tenuitatis <lb></lb>ſummæ, & duritiei in adamante argumen<lb></lb>tum ſit. </s> <s id="s.004918">Aliud, quòd maximè inter gemmas <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg692"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nitet expolitum. </s> <s id="s.004919">Tertium, quòd ignibus re<lb></lb>ſiſtit vſque ad nonum diem omninò nihil <lb></lb>patiens: pòſt etiam ad multos dies illæſus <lb></lb>manet. </s> <s id="s.004920">Poſt illum carbunculus atque gra<lb></lb>natus, ad quintum vſque diem perſeuerant <lb></lb>abſque moleſtia: nec tamen omnes, nec <lb></lb>ſemper: igitur hi poſt adamantem ignibus <lb></lb>minimè obnoxij, & ſubtilium maximè par<lb></lb>tium: nam niſi tenuiſſimarum eſſent par<lb></lb>tium, admitterent poros, per quos ingre<lb></lb>diens ignis, vt demonſtratum eſt, facilè eos <lb></lb>diſſiparet. </s> <s id="s.004921">Adiuuat ad tenuitatem, & ſolidi<lb></lb>tatem etiam ipſa frigiditas, vt hi lapides ig<lb></lb>nibus maximè reſiſtant, quò ſit vt ſapphi<lb></lb>rus, & ipſe non facilè ignibus cedat, & du<lb></lb>rior ſit carbunculo, attamen tertius in ordine <lb></lb>eorum lapidum, qui iniuriæ ignis minimè <lb></lb>ob noxij ſint, collocetur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004922"><margin.target id="marg692"></margin.target>Gemmæ quæ <lb></lb>ignibus reſi<lb></lb>ſtunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004923">Ergo ſi quis interrogat: In quibus ada<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg693"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mas a cryſtallo differt, cùm vterque niteat, <lb></lb>& coloris ſit candidi, vel potius aquei? </s> <s id="s.004924">di<lb></lb>cemus nitorem adamantis eſſe viuacem & <lb></lb>robuſtum, vt non ſolùm niteat ac ſplendeat, <lb></lb>ſed rutilet ac micet: præterea ferro, vdo, <lb></lb>igne, vetuſtate, vſu impermutabilem eſſe, <lb></lb>quorum <expan abbr="nullũ">nullum</expan> cryſtallo conuenit celerrimè <lb></lb>ſeneſcenti. </s> <s id="s.004925"><expan abbr="Idẽ">Idem</expan> brachio ſiniſtro vt carnes <expan abbr="tã-">tan<lb></lb></expan><arrow.to.target n="marg694"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gat alligatus, nocturnos cohibet timores, vt <lb></lb>ſæpe ſum expertus. </s> <s id="s.004926">Fruſtra creditum eſt non <lb></lb>frangi ictu, cum malleolo in ſcobem redi<lb></lb>gatur: paulò enim quod ad ictus attinet du<lb></lb>rior eſt cryſtallo. </s> <s id="s.004927">Sed nec magnetem impe<lb></lb>dit, quin ferrum trahat, quæ duo falſo illi <lb></lb>attributa ac toties refricata etiam à nouis <lb></lb>ſcriptoribus, vulgatáque paſſim quid aliud <lb></lb>quàm ingentem ſocordiam ſcriptorum ac te<lb></lb>meritatem oſtendunt: nam temeritatis eſt <lb></lb>maximæ, ſcribere abſona, quæ non probaue<lb></lb>ris: maioris vecordiæ, non experiri, quæ tam <lb></lb>facilè poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004928"><margin.target id="marg693"></margin.target>Adamantis <lb></lb>& cryſtalli <lb></lb>differentia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004929"><margin.target id="marg694"></margin.target>Adamantis <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004930">Virides verò gemmæ non ſolùm ſmarag<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg695"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dus, ſed & omnes aliæ, vt praſſius, & to<lb></lb>pazius, ignibus obnoxiæ ac ſupra alias om<lb></lb>nes ſunt. </s> <s id="s.004931">Cauſa eſt humoris ſemicocti abun<lb></lb>dantia. </s> <s id="s.004932">Nam vt Philoſophus inquit, metal<lb></lb>la ex humida exhalatione, lapides è ſicca <lb></lb>generantur: nutriuntur autem <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vtdiximus) <lb></lb>& clara ratione, cùm augeantur: quod enim <lb></lb>augetur non vt tophus, nutrire neceſſe eſt, <lb></lb>vt Galenus inquit. </s> <s id="s.004933">Vt verò generantur à <lb></lb>diuerſa exhalatione, ita colorem ac ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam ſuſcipiunt. </s> <s id="s.004934">Fuſci igitur è terreo exuſto, <lb></lb>candidi è puro aëreo, aqueóve, virides è <lb></lb>copioſo humore, rubei à calore vehementi, <lb></lb>materia tamen minimè humida, cærulæi è <lb></lb>rubra ſubſtantia cùm alterius quàm par eſt <lb></lb>excoquitur, varij ex variis. </s> <s id="s.004935">Indicio eſt nu<lb></lb>triri etiam, quòd naturam primam coloris <lb></lb>vndequaque ſeruent, velut & plantæ: quòd <lb></lb>ſi continua fieret acceſſio, varia ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia illorum ſemper eſſet, cùm tamen va<lb></lb>ria non ſit, niſi vel ob venas, vt etiam <lb></lb>in arboribus: vel ob naturam lapidis, vt in <lb></lb>achate. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004936"><margin.target id="marg695"></margin.target>Virides gem<lb></lb>mæ omnes ob<lb></lb>noxiæ igni<lb></lb>bus & cur<lb></lb>3. Meteorum <lb></lb>in fine. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004937">De lapidum <lb></lb>generatione, <lb></lb>& cauſa co<lb></lb>lorum eo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.004938">Libro <lb></lb>de medico<lb></lb>rum nomi<lb></lb>num expoſi<lb></lb>tione vlti<lb></lb>mo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004939">Sed hæc varietas etiam in plantis, vt in <pb pagenum="464" xlink:href="016/01/113.jpg"></pb>oliua, eſt manifeſta, cum haud tum dubiè <lb></lb>oliua nutriatur, nec acceſſione creſcat. </s> <s id="s.004940">Er<lb></lb>go non fortuita eſt hæc exhalatio, ſed lapis, <lb></lb>velut & arbos, quod ſibi maximè conuenit, <lb></lb>id maximè ad ſe trahit. </s> <s id="s.004941">Pellucidæ erunt, <lb></lb>cum à terra fuerint repurgatæ aqueæ partes, <lb></lb>& quæ remanſerint tenues, ac aqueo hu<lb></lb>mori miſtæ perfectiſſimè. </s> <s id="s.004942">Ea ergo cauſa con<lb></lb>tingit, nullum lapidem ſplendidiſſimum eſſe <lb></lb>grauem, neque ex illis quemquam alicuius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg696"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>egregiæ virtutis expertem eſſe. </s> <s id="s.004943">Itaque aliæ <lb></lb>gemmæ vitæ longitudini, aliæ incolumitati, <lb></lb>quædam diuitiis, aliæ amori, aliæ diuinatio<lb></lb>ni, aliæ robori, aliæ bonæ fortunæ fauent, aliæ <lb></lb>etiam ſunt infelices: quædam pigros, quæ<lb></lb>dam timidos, quædam lætos, quædam triſtes <lb></lb>faciunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004944"><margin.target id="marg696"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>nulla expers <lb></lb>alicuius in<lb></lb>ſignis virtu<lb></lb>tis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004945">At dices: ſi ſplendidi lapides è tenui con<lb></lb>ſtant humido, pauco etiam terreo, qui fit vt <lb></lb>tamen grauiores ſint vitro? </s> <s id="s.004946">hoc enim ſi<lb></lb>gnum inter ea, quibus falſæ à veris diſtin<lb></lb>guuntur, appoſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.004947">Sed cauſa eſt, quòd <lb></lb>vitrum ſubſtantia grauius eſſet: nam & craſ<lb></lb>ſius adamante: verum adamantis ſubſtantia <lb></lb>cum maximè ſolida ſit, vitri autem rara ac <lb></lb>poris plena, eò fit vt adamas grauior ſit <lb></lb>vitro: nulla tamen gemma grauior nobi<lb></lb>lis eſſe poteſt, vt grauitas ſemper addat vti<lb></lb>litatem. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg697"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004948"><margin.target id="marg697"></margin.target>Cur tenuis <lb></lb>ac diluti co<lb></lb>loris gemmæ <lb></lb>multæ ma<lb></lb>gnæ raræ au<lb></lb>tem optimi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004949">coloris.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004950">Dubitabit forſan quiſpiam, cur diluti co<lb></lb>loris ac vitioſi, tum etiam maculoſæ gem<lb></lb>mæ prægrandes non paucæ inueniantur, ele<lb></lb>gantes ac ſine vitio paruæ quidem multæ, <lb></lb>magnæ admodum raræ? </s> <s id="s.004951">Cauſa eſſe poteſt, <lb></lb>quòd materiæ vilioris in vnoquoque gene<lb></lb>re ſemper maior fuit copia, quàm perfectæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004952">Altera, quòd plures ſunt immaturæ gem<lb></lb>mæ, quàm quæ perfectam ſint aſſecutæ ma<lb></lb>turitatem. </s> <s id="s.004953">Tertia, quæ etiam plurimum ad <lb></lb>rem facit, quòd res parua à natura melius <lb></lb>elaborari poteſt, ac ad finem deduci: ob id <lb></lb>magnæ gemmæ vix vnquam ad exactam <lb></lb>maturitatem perduci poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.004954">Accidit quòd <lb></lb>reges ipſi, apud quos gemmæ ipſæ gignun<lb></lb>tur, quaſcunque magnitudine, & pulchri<lb></lb>tudine eminere cernunt, apud ſe retinent: <lb></lb>ſolùm paruas, aut diluti coloris, aut vitio<arrow.to.target n="marg698"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſas ad nos deferri permittunt. </s> <s id="s.004955">Refert Ludo<lb></lb>uicus Vartomanus Romanus, regem Pege <lb></lb>( hæc eſt ciuitas in India ) Pyropos habere <lb></lb>tantæ magnitudinis & ſplendoris, vt ſi quis <lb></lb>regem ipſum in tenebris conſpicatus fuerit, <lb></lb>non aliter lumine claro eum ſplendere vi<lb></lb>deat, quàm ſi Solis radiis illuſtretur. </s> <s id="s.004956">Pyro<lb></lb>pum vocare conſueuerunt Carbunculi genus <lb></lb>nobilius: quippe tria ſunt illius genera: pri<lb></lb>mum, quòd in tenebris ſplendet, qualem <lb></lb>vidiſſe ſe Albertus teſtatur: hunc igitur Py<lb></lb>ropum vocant. </s> <s id="s.004957">Proximus illi, qui dum in <lb></lb>vaſe nigro ſplendido ponitur, ſuperfuſa <lb></lb>aqua in tenebris ſplendet. </s> <s id="s.004958">Tertius autem vi<lb></lb>lior, cuius ſolùm lux eſt conſpicua alie<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg699"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>no lumine, ſcilicet diei aut candelæ. </s> <s id="s.004959">Pro<lb></lb>prium eſt carbunculi, animum incitare, & <lb></lb>alacrem facere: colores enim ſpiritus iuuant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004960">Latet tamen illius vtilitas, cùm lapis fue<lb></lb>rit vitioſus, aut paruus, aut qui geſtauerit <lb></lb>inconſtans, vt puer, aut nimiis ac grauio<lb></lb>ribus curis obſtrictus, vt Principes ſunt ac <lb></lb>ſapientes. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004961"><margin.target id="marg698"></margin.target>Carbuncu<lb></lb>lus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004962"><margin.target id="marg699"></margin.target>Carbunculo <lb></lb>propria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004963">Sunt & carchedonij carbunculi, quales <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg700"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Germania mittit, pulchri, ſed molles, & <lb></lb>ob id nullius penè vſus. </s> <s id="s.004964">Sub fluorum ge<lb></lb>nere ob teneritudinem continentur. </s> <s id="s.004965">Theo<lb></lb>phraſtus <foreign lang="grc">ἐκ συῤῥόης</foreign>, id eſt, confluxu illos fie<lb></lb>ri exiſtimat, colore quidam aqueo, quidam <lb></lb>amethyſtino, alij hyacintho, alij rubeo <lb></lb>ſunt, quos carbunculos vocant. </s> <s id="s.004966">Omnibus <lb></lb>ineſt carbunculis, vt cælati rapiant ce<lb></lb>ram ſecum, ob hoc ſcalpere illos nefas eſt, <lb></lb>tum maximè quòd alacri illo nitore deſti<lb></lb>tuuntur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004967"><margin.target id="marg700"></margin.target>Gemmæ <lb></lb>molles.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.004968">Pulchrior carbunculo eſt opalus: adii<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg701"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciam in re tam præclara, vt ſi contingat in<lb></lb>uenire, non neſcius ſis quanti debeat exi<lb></lb>ſtimari, Plinij verba: is inquit, Eſt opalo <lb></lb>carbunculi tenuior ignis, eſt amethyſti ful<lb></lb>gens purpura, eſt ſmaragdi virens mare, & <lb></lb>cuncta pariter incredibili miſtura lucentia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004969">Alij ſummo fulgoris argumento colores pi<lb></lb>gmentorum æquauêre, aliis ſulphuris ar<lb></lb>dentem flammam, aut etiam ignis oleo ac<lb></lb>cenſi. </s> <s id="s.004970">Magnitudo eius vt auellanæ: propter <lb></lb>hunc lapidem Nonium Senatorem ab An<lb></lb>tonio propſcriptum recitat. </s> <s id="s.004971">Nihil igitur in<lb></lb>ter gemmas pulchrius eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.004972">Inuenitur <lb></lb>in inſula Zeilam orientalis Indiæ, arte po<lb></lb>tius naturam adiuuante, quàm quod talis <lb></lb>ſpontè naſcatur. </s> <s id="s.004973">Ignibus enim tam multi<lb></lb>plex color paratur, vt referunt. </s> <s id="s.004974">Sed videtur <lb></lb>mihi certum genus lapidis eſſe, ſi is eſt, <lb></lb>quem nunc habeo. </s> <s id="s.004975">Septem enim conditio<lb></lb>nibus dignoſcitur: primum quod (vt dixi) <lb></lb>diuerſis coloribus intermiſtis niteat, velut <lb></lb>viridi aureo, rubróque præcipuè, quod nul<lb></lb>li alij conuenit gemmæ. </s> <s id="s.004976">Sed & nitet pluri<lb></lb>mum ac fulget: in medio autem conuexita<lb></lb>tis linea niue candidior nobis refertur, quæ <lb></lb>mutato paululum aſpectu, vt multa alia de<lb></lb>liteſcit, nec vllibi conſpicitur. </s> <s id="s.004977">Eſt quoque <lb></lb>ponderoſiſſima gemma: vt cum noſtra bre<lb></lb>uior ſit faba, alioqui non maior, tamen de<lb></lb>narios duos, id eſt, frumenti pene quinqua<lb></lb>ginta grana pendeat: quo fit, vt ſui gene<lb></lb>ris omninò ſit: non notarum aliqua igne <lb></lb>elaborata, mirúmque ſit adeò eſſe perſpi<lb></lb>cuam, tum ob id, tum ob colorum varieta<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.004978">Solent enim gemmæ bene coloratæ <lb></lb>non admodum eſſe perſpicuæ, vt ſmaragdus <lb></lb>hyacinthus, carbunculus, ſapphirus: ſed <lb></lb>& duritie eximia huic ſimilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.004979">Vnde ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, vt aquea ſubſtantia, tenui ac den<lb></lb>ſa admodum vmbra ( vt ita dicam <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſolùm <lb></lb>terræ permiſta conſtet. </s> <s id="s.004980">Atque ideo grauem <lb></lb>efficiat, & neſcio quid diuinum geſtanti in<lb></lb>fluat. </s> <s id="s.004981">Ego aureis 15. coronatis emi: nec ta<lb></lb>men minorem voluptatem capio, quam ex <lb></lb>adamante pretij 500. aureorum: at non tan<lb></lb>ti æſtimatur? </s> <s id="s.004982">Fateor: ſed incognita eſt gem<lb></lb>mariis, & vulgò putant nihil aliud eſſe quam <lb></lb>pſeudopalum. </s> <s id="s.004983">Sed hæc ſi gemma eſt mollis, <lb></lb>eſt nec vlla in parte illi comparabilis, vtrum <lb></lb>verò opalus ſit? </s> <s id="s.004984">exiſtimarim, etſi nec ame<lb></lb>thyſti purpura fulgeat eum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.004985">Siquidem <lb></lb>nulla in gemma alia tot colorum varietates <lb></lb>intermiſtæ, támque nitentes inueniuntur <lb></lb>plures etiam eſſe ſpecies credendum. </s> <s id="s.004986">Et in <lb></lb>quibus pro albo colores illi refulgent, eas <lb></lb>præcellere, hanc tamen ex Germanis vn<lb></lb>ciam eſſe crediderim: quod nec antiquus <pb pagenum="465" xlink:href="016/01/114.jpg"></pb>opalus, qui ſit ſcitur: nec is quem nunc <lb></lb>habeo, ſit opalus verus non eſt, quænam <lb></lb>gemma fuerit apud maiores coniectari poſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg702"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſumus, Auro incluſa multum hebeſcit, ob <lb></lb>id 4. aureis vncis comprehendi debet. </s> <s id="s.004987">Mul<lb></lb>tum enim ab hac pſeudopalus degenerat, <lb></lb>candidus hic eſt & nitet, ſed non perſpi<lb></lb>cuus, oculum vocant cati, ſeu felis. </s> <s id="s.004988">In eo <lb></lb>quem ego habeo hoc mirum videtur quòd <lb></lb>altera ex parte candidus ac lacteus videtur <lb></lb>totus, ex altera autem fuſcus admodum totus, <lb></lb>adeóque fuſcus vt etiam obſcurus appareat: <lb></lb>nec hoc illi contingit lucis varietate, quan<lb></lb>doquidem ſeu ad lumen, ſeu verſus tenebras <lb></lb>conuerteris eum, albus ex ea parte, qua al<lb></lb>bus videri ſolet, ſemper eſt, fuſcus verò ex <lb></lb>alia. </s> <s id="s.004989">Itaque eadem ſuperficies ſola aſpectus <lb></lb>varietate ex aduerſis partibus conſpecta, <lb></lb>colores duos penè ex toto contrarios oſten<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.004990">Horum lapidum quidam molliores, <lb></lb>quidam duri, vt is quem ego habeo. </s> <s id="s.004991">Tam <lb></lb>mirabilis igitur proprietatis cauſam redde<lb></lb>re oportet. </s> <s id="s.004992">Ea eſt, quod criſpus lapis eſt, <lb></lb>atque partibus peruiis, aliis autem mini<lb></lb>mè: partibus non peruiis lumen recipit ſed <lb></lb>reddit, eóque fit vt candida ac velut nix <lb></lb>ſplendens reluceat: contraria conuerſione <lb></lb>lumen excipit, ſed non reddit, atque ea de <lb></lb>cauſa obſcurus lapis videtur ac fuſcus. </s> <s id="s.004993">In<lb></lb>dicio eſt ſubſtantia <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) illius mini<lb></lb>mè æqualis. </s> <s id="s.004994">At dices: Cur non excipit lu<lb></lb>men, ſi peruia eſt gemma? </s> <s id="s.004995">Melius itaque <lb></lb>eſt, vt dicamus perſpicuam totam eſſe in <lb></lb>ſuperficie, altera quidem tamen parte ſca<lb></lb>bram, atque ideo nigram: altera verò po<lb></lb>litam, atque ea de cauſa ſplendidam atque <lb></lb>albam. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg703"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004996"><margin.target id="marg701"></margin.target>Opali mira <lb></lb>pulchritudo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.004997">Lib.37.c.6.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004998"><margin.target id="marg702"></margin.target>Opali degene<lb></lb>ris mira na<lb></lb>tura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.004999"><margin.target id="marg703"></margin.target>Sapphirus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005000">Proximus adamanti ac quintus in ordine <lb></lb>nobilium gemmarum eſt ſapphirus, duritie <lb></lb>maxima, colore cæruleo, atque admodum <lb></lb>ſi ſit non dilutus nec vitioſus, iucundo ocu<lb></lb>lis: quamobrem nullæ res magis recreant <arrow.to.target n="marg704"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>viſum ſmaragdo & ſapphiro: recreat etiam <lb></lb>hominem, & epotus bili nigræ & melan<lb></lb>cholicis, ac ſcorpionum ictibus auxiliatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005001">Refert Albertus Magnus bis expertum, quòd <lb></lb>Sapphirus ſolo contactu anthraces curat: <lb></lb>optimum & grandem eſſe, ac diu carni <lb></lb>hærere illum oportet. </s> <s id="s.005002">Id efficit quòd ale<lb></lb>xipharmacam habeat vim, & vt ictu di<lb></lb>pſadis ſitis inuehitur, & torpedinis con<lb></lb>tactu obſtupeſcit manus, ita contactu diu<lb></lb>turno Sapphiri virus anthracis extingui<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg705"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005003"><margin.target id="marg704"></margin.target>Sapphiro <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005004"><margin.target id="marg705"></margin.target><expan abbr="Heliotropiũ">Heliotropium</expan> <lb></lb>& vires eius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005005">Heliotropium gemma eſt viridis, iaſpidi <lb></lb>haud abſimilis: ſed iaſpidi maculæ, aut <lb></lb>guttæ ſanguineæ hærent, at Heliotropium <lb></lb>ſanguineis venis interſtinguitur, expoſitus <lb></lb>Soli ſub aqua ob viuacem rubedinem aut <lb></lb>viriditatem colorem croceum ſpargit, vt <lb></lb>aërem obnubilare videatur, atque deliquium <lb></lb>Solis oſtendere. </s> <s id="s.005006">Hunc vſque ad hanc diem <arrow.to.target n="marg706"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>videre non licuit, ſicut nec verum Aſtri<lb></lb>tem Hæc gemma eſt dura, quæ Solem dum <lb></lb>circumuertitur oſtendit inus lucem. </s> <s id="s.005007">Ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg707"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rùm gemmarij ex Chalcedonio Onyche <lb></lb>eam æmulantur, quæ nitorem & vires bre<lb></lb>ui amittit, maximè ſi calore, aut ſudore <lb></lb>vitietur. </s> <s id="s.005008">Melior eſt quæ fit ex Sarda ſplendi<lb></lb>diore, quam Carncolum vocant: optima <lb></lb>fit ex ea, tum ex aliis lapidibus durioribus <lb></lb>cauis, nam cauitate colligitur lumen: ſola ta<lb></lb>men vera Atrites pulchritudinem ac deco<lb></lb>rem retinet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005009"><margin.target id="marg706"></margin.target>Aſtrites.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005010"><margin.target id="marg707"></margin.target>Pſeudoaſtri<lb></lb>tes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005011">Stellaris ſignificati ratione parum viribus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg708"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& ſubſtantia, multum differt ab aſtrite, nam <lb></lb>nec gemma eſt, nec perſpicua, maculis ci<lb></lb>nerei coloris tota diſtincta eſt, vnde nomen <lb></lb>ſumpſit. </s> <s id="s.005012">Spontè in aceto ac etiam vino <lb></lb>mouetur, ac animalium inceſſum imita<lb></lb>tur, procedens inde ad latus, inde retro<lb></lb>gradiens. </s> <s id="s.005013">Hunc lapidem cognouit ac il<lb></lb>lius vires olim Rabbi Aben Ezra: frequens <lb></lb>eſt apud nos, ac vilis pretij. </s> <s id="s.005014">Ego cùm mo<lb></lb>tus illius ſæpius conſideraſſem, lapidem te<lb></lb>nui conſtare humido; & quod ab aceti ac <lb></lb>vini vi in vaporem conuerti poſſet intelle<lb></lb>xi, vnde quærens exitum, nec inueniens, <lb></lb>huc illúcque lapidem alioquin etiam leuem <lb></lb>facilè impellit: nam tenuitatis vaporis in<lb></lb>dicium eſt, quòd bullas non mittit: vnde <lb></lb>nec metuas habere magnos illum credere <lb></lb>oportet. </s> <s id="s.005015">Sunt qui geſtantes collo appenſos, <lb></lb>exiſtiment victores efficere. </s> <s id="s.005016">Ego quæ ſo<lb></lb>lùm expertus ſum, hic ſcribere agreſſus ſum: <lb></lb>verùm hoc adiicere non piguit, vt quiſque <lb></lb>poſſit experiri: nam de motu ( vt dixi ) in <lb></lb>vino & aceto ego ſæpiùs experimentum <lb></lb>feci. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005017"><margin.target id="marg708"></margin.target>Aſtrites & <lb></lb>illius vis ad<lb></lb>mirabilis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005018">Iaſpis ſimilis eſt heliotropio: hunc, vi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg709"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ridis ſi ſit, & è directo ventriculi ſuſpen<lb></lb>ſus, ventriculum non leuiter confirmare <lb></lb>ſcripſit Galenus: nos ſiſtere etiam hoc mo<lb></lb>do ſanguinem vndequaque manantem, ſed <lb></lb>è naribus præcipuè, vidimus: nec mirum, <lb></lb>quandoquidem vim maximam habeat <lb></lb>aſtringentem. </s> <s id="s.005019">Eligitur ex oriente non ad<lb></lb>modum paruus, ſplendens, viridis, ſan<lb></lb>guineis guttulis plurimis ac valde vinum <lb></lb>ſanguinem æmulantibus conſperſus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005020"><margin.target id="marg709"></margin.target>Iaſpis, & <lb></lb>eius vires.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005021">Omnibus tamen gemmis vnus opponi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg710"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur lapis achates, & ipſe è gemmarum nu<lb></lb>mero, ſed tam varij generis, vt vnum la<lb></lb>pidem eſſe non credas: candidus, rubens, <lb></lb>croceus, cinereus, viridis, niger, varius, <lb></lb>cæruleus. </s> <s id="s.005022">Quid moror? </s> <s id="s.005023">huic vni nec om<lb></lb>nium aliarum gemmarum colores ſatisfa<lb></lb>ciunt: ille lucos, prata, animalia, flumi<lb></lb>na, flores, arbores, natura ludente refert. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005024">Celeberrimus in hiſtoriis eſt achates Pyr<lb></lb>rhi regis, nouem Muſas cum Appolline in <lb></lb>medio citharam pulſante referens, ſingu<lb></lb>láſque cum propriis ornamentis, vt videa<lb></lb>tur tunc natura cum pictore certaſſe: atque <lb></lb>hic miraculum dici potiùs debet quàm gem<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.005025">Nobis tres ſunt achates, in quorum <lb></lb>vno natura hemiſphærium pinxit cœli, di<lb></lb>ſtinctis orbibus: in medio terra rotunda, <lb></lb>quaſi aquis ſupereminens. </s> <s id="s.005026">Secundus, ex <lb></lb>hiatu fumum emittere videtur, qui aërem <lb></lb>obumbret: atque illud in eo admiratio<lb></lb>ne dignum, quòd alius fumi color, alius <lb></lb>aëris, qui ex eo obſcuratur: fumus can<lb></lb>didus quaſi ac denſus, aër ſubrubens, ac <lb></lb>mediocriter perſpicuus. </s> <s id="s.005027">Tertius, cæteris <lb></lb>longè admirabilior, ſcilicet Galbæ fer<lb></lb>mè imaginem huiuſmodi depictam ha<lb></lb>bet: nec in ſuperficie, ſed quaſi ſub <lb></lb>vitro: & tamen vera gemma eſt, non <lb></lb>vitrum: quoniam tamen qua parte tangit <pb pagenum="466" xlink:href="016/01/115.jpg"></pb>digitum, totus rubet: iaſpidis refert ſpe<lb></lb>ciem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005028"><margin.target id="marg710"></margin.target>Achates, & <lb></lb>eius mira <lb></lb>varietas.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.115.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/115/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.005029">Expertus, quòd ſomnum conciliat:</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005030">Et ſomnia plena grauitatis oſtendit om<lb></lb>nia, vanitate remota, prudentiam quoque <lb></lb>auget. </s> <s id="s.005031">Nihilominus quia dum ferre multa <lb></lb>paſſus ſum infortunia, præter errorem ac <lb></lb>expectationem, iam ſecundò illum depo<lb></lb>ſui. </s> <s id="s.005032">Alij etiam achates referunt auium ocu<lb></lb>los, & nos talem habemus: alij autem piſ<lb></lb>cium. </s> <s id="s.005033">Ponticus, qui ſanguineis guttis in<lb></lb>terſtinguitur, aut atris, montium refert & <lb></lb>conuallium imagines. </s> <s id="s.005034">Quidam humanos <lb></lb>oculos, leucophthalmi: quidam lupi, ly<lb></lb>cophthalmi: quidam capræ, ægophthalmi <lb></lb>vocati. </s> <s id="s.005035">Vidi & viridem perſpicuum lineis <lb></lb>duabus candidis pulcherimè diſtinctum, <lb></lb>quem dubiæ naturæ eſſe crediderim, potius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg711"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inter achatem & praſſium. </s> <s id="s.005036">Nam velut in <lb></lb>animalibus muli ex aſino & equa, & ly<lb></lb>ciſca è lupo & cane, ita & lapides quan<lb></lb>doque miſcentur è vario genere, miſta <lb></lb>eorum materia, cauſiſque illos producen<lb></lb>tibus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005037"><margin.target id="marg711"></margin.target>Lapides è <lb></lb>duobus gene<lb></lb>ribus quem<lb></lb>admodum & <lb></lb>animalia <lb></lb>gignantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005038">Cæterùm quod ad achatem Pyrrhi regis <lb></lb>attinet, nimis ridiculum puto, caſu illum <lb></lb>adeò ad amuſſim ornatum, ac diſtinctum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg712"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.005039">Hoc igitur ſic contingit. </s> <s id="s.005040">Pictor va<lb></lb>lidis coloribus lapidem aliquem è marmo<lb></lb>rum genere pinxit, vt nouem Muſæ pul<lb></lb>ſantem in medio Apollinem mirarentur. </s> <s id="s.005041">In<lb></lb>de ſeu caſu, ſeu ex induſtria lapis ille ſe<lb></lb>pultus iacuit per multos annos, eo in loco <lb></lb>vbi achatis gigni lapides ſolent: contin<lb></lb>git itaque circumcirca gigni achatem per<lb></lb>ſpicuum & aqueum, inde inuentus refere<lb></lb>bat Muſas & Apollinem illum quaſi natu<lb></lb>ræ induſtria fabricatum, cùm achates iam <lb></lb>gemma eſſet. </s> <s id="s.005042">Nam ſi ſpicæ & muſcus ar<lb></lb>boribus hærens in achatem tranſeunt tra<lb></lb>ctu temporis, vt ego achatem habuerim, <lb></lb>cum quinque ſpicis, quas diceres nunc è tri<lb></lb>tico excidiſſe, & tamen lapis erant, imò gem<lb></lb>ma: ſic etiam muſci non parua pars ad<lb></lb>erat: quantò facilius pictus lapis mollis <lb></lb>ille, in achatem potuit tranſire? </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005043"><margin.target id="marg712"></margin.target>Modus <expan abbr="faciẽ">faciem</expan> <lb></lb>di achatem <lb></lb>mirabilem.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005044">Itaque ſi loca achatum quis obſeruare ve<lb></lb>lit, & maximè vbi perſpicui generantur (hoc <lb></lb>enim eſt neceſſarium <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſepeliat verò pictu<lb></lb>ram ex coloribus perpetuis, quales ſunt cæ<lb></lb>ruleus & aureus, metallo conſtans, tum ma<lb></lb>ximè ſi cera punica pauco oleo temperata <lb></lb>alióve perpetuo, ſed perſpicuo tamen vn<lb></lb>guento opus liniat, quale eſt quod apud nos <lb></lb>Vernix liquida vocatur, quæ picturis abſo<lb></lb>lutis pretioſioribus ſolet induci, achates naſ<lb></lb>cetur ſic pictus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005045">Verùm dices, Frequens hic eſſet acha<lb></lb>tes ſic pictus, ſi tam parua arte parari poſ<lb></lb>ſet? </s> <s id="s.005046">At non animaduertis primò oportere <lb></lb>ſepeliri, vbi gignantur achates, tum verò <lb></lb>achatem, qui circumducitur eſſe ſplendi<lb></lb>dum & perſpicuum: ac intra paucos an<lb></lb>nos tranſire in gemmam, antequam pereat <lb></lb>pictura, nec dilui prius aliquo externo hu<lb></lb>more, ne aboleatur imago, demum con<lb></lb>tingere, vt abſolutus effodiatur. </s> <s id="s.005047">Quot enim <lb></lb>piſces ſunt, quos nemo vnquam piſcatur, <lb></lb>& ferè in nemoribus aues quas nullus vn<lb></lb>quam cepit, ſpontéque ſua in propriis lo<lb></lb>cis obeunt, tot eſſe exiſtima gemmas, quæ <lb></lb>latitantes locis quo genitæ ſunt, nunquam <lb></lb>in lucem prodeunt, ſed in primam matrem <lb></lb>terram, vt coaluerunt vetuſtate, ita in ean<lb></lb>dem reuertuntur. </s> <s id="s.005048">Tametſi achates varie<lb></lb>tate nobilis ſit, quia tamen parum ſplen<lb></lb>det, rarò pretium ingens habet inter gem<lb></lb>mas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005049">Chryſolithus verò longè nobilior eſt <lb></lb>æſtimatione achate, hunc vocant noſtri <lb></lb>topazium, ſicut verum topazium, chryſo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg713"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lithum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005050"><margin.target id="marg713"></margin.target>Topazius, <lb></lb>qui eſt ve<lb></lb>rè chryſoli<lb></lb>thus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005051">Inquit enim Plinius: Chryſolithus au<lb></lb>tem, gemma eſt aurei coloris, micans. </s> <s id="s.005052">At<lb></lb>que hæc ipſa de noſtro topazio vulgari ve<lb></lb>ra ſunt: quanquam enim topazius Germa<lb></lb>nicus, vt pleræque aliæ gemmæ, quæ ſub <lb></lb>frigida zona inueniuntur, mollior ſit: quòd <lb></lb>calor non poſſit adeò ſuccum illum attenua<lb></lb>re, atque durare gemmam ( nam, vt dixi, <lb></lb>duritiei cauſa eſt perfecta concretio, quæ <lb></lb>fit dum minutiſſimæ partes inuicem com<lb></lb>miſcentur) attamen non de illo chryſolitho, <lb></lb>ſed de Orientali loquitur Plinius, quem pa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg714"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>làm eſt prædurum eſſe, ac tantæ duritiei, vt <lb></lb>ſapphiro parum, aut nihil cedat. </s> <s id="s.005053">Itaque <lb></lb>hanc ob cauſam ego in chryſolitho effigiem <lb></lb>meam cælari iuſſi, cum prima nominis, ac <lb></lb>prænominis litera. </s> <s id="s.005054">Elegi hunc lapidem, <lb></lb>quòd ſit duriſſimus, atque ob id æternum <lb></lb>opus, ſplendeátque non parum. </s> <s id="s.005055">Rarus ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg715"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>men eſt chryſolithus abſque maculis qui<lb></lb>buſdam nigris, à quibus vitiatur: alioquin <lb></lb>gemma non vulgaris. </s> <s id="s.005056">Creditum eſt libidi<lb></lb>nem ſupra omnem opinionem coërcere, ſi <lb></lb>tangens carnem geſtetur. </s> <s id="s.005057">Albertus ſcribit, <lb></lb>in aqua feruentem immiſſum, illius feruo<lb></lb>rem tollere: quod haud verum eſt, ſed mul<lb></lb>ta ( vt ſolet <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> in his fabulatur: quædam ta<lb></lb>men quæ expertum ſe ait de gemmis, ac la<lb></lb>pidibus, ſuo loco retulimus, ac referemus: <lb></lb>neque enim mendax fuit, ſed minimum cre<lb></lb>dulus, vt mos eſt eorum, qui talia ſectantur, <lb></lb>aut ſcribunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005058"><margin.target id="marg714"></margin.target>Cur gemmæ <lb></lb>boreales ple<lb></lb>runque <expan abbr="limã">limam</expan> <lb></lb>ſentiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005059"><margin.target id="marg715"></margin.target>Chyſolithi <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005060">Cæterum, gemmam eſſe ingentis frigo<lb></lb>ris exiſtimo, hoc argumento, quòd ſitim <lb></lb>ſub lingua poſita febricitantium mitiget: <lb></lb>quòd quamvis etiam cryſtallo, & aliis pluri<lb></lb>bus gemmis commune ſit, non tamen adeò <lb></lb>euidenter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005061">Ergo topazium nunc habemus, qui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg716"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fuit antiquorum chryſolithus: atque con<lb></lb>traria ratione, quem nunc vocamus chry<lb></lb>ſolithum, Topazius eſt verus antiquorum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005062">Inquit enim Plinius: Topazium ſubuiri<lb></lb>dem eſſe gemmam, quæ ſola inter gem<lb></lb>mas à cote poliatur, ob mollitiem, li<lb></lb>máque tangatur. </s> <s id="s.005063">Quæ omnia de chryſoli<lb></lb>tho à noſtris vocato, ſunt veriſſima: nam <lb></lb>lima tangitur, & eſt aurei coloris, non <lb></lb>ſynceri, ſed ſubuiridis, & ob mollitiem <lb></lb>rota ſtannea expoliunt ipſum: nitorem etiam <pb pagenum="467" xlink:href="016/01/116.jpg"></pb>per ſe amittit, adeò vt pulchra quamvis ſit, <lb></lb>ob id nemo dignetur eam geſtare. </s> <s id="s.005064">Vocant <lb></lb>piradotum, & natum adagium inter gemma<lb></lb>rios, nimium eſſe vnum habere Piradotum, <lb></lb>ſcilicet quòd ob mollitiem minimè vena<lb></lb>lis ſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005065"><margin.target id="marg716"></margin.target>Chryſolithus <lb></lb>qui antiquo<lb></lb>rum topa<lb></lb>zius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005066">Expertus tamen ſum, quindecim illius <lb></lb>grana epota, auxilio præſenti melancholicis <lb></lb>eſſe. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg717"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005067"><margin.target id="marg717"></margin.target>Topazij vis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005068">Cæterùm, antequàm egrediar topazij <lb></lb>& chryſolithi narrationem, illud etiam <lb></lb>animaduertere decet, gemmas quaſdam <lb></lb>eſſe, quæ rapiant ceram, quaſdam quæ nul<lb></lb>lo pacto, atque inter has ſarda eſt præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſima: nam nec chryſolithus ab hac <lb></lb>labe omninò eſt immunis. </s> <s id="s.005069">Itaque vt ad rem <arrow.to.target n="marg718"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>reuertar, Sarda lapis eſt rubei coloris, cu<lb></lb>ius ſpecies quæ dilutior eſt, & minus ru<lb></lb>bra, vocatur carneolus, inde litera muta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg719"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta Corneolus: cùm verò imo habet ony<lb></lb>chem, vocatur ſardonyx, qualem ego ha<lb></lb>beo, in cuius imo videtur onyx, in ſupre<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg720"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mo ſarda: ex onyche enim <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt diximus ) <lb></lb>ſarda plerunque naſcitur. </s> <s id="s.005070">Aptiſſima ſigillis <lb></lb>ſarda, carneolus & ſardonyx, ob tria: pri<lb></lb>mum, quòd ceram non rapiat: ſecundum, <lb></lb>quòd facilè celetur, nam tenax eſt, & me<lb></lb>diocris duritiei: tertium, quòd humores <lb></lb>non facilè hebetentur. </s> <s id="s.005071">Onyx autem gem<lb></lb>ma eſt mollis, ab vnguis ſimilitudine ita <lb></lb>appellata. </s> <s id="s.005072">Eius plura ſunt genera, Chal<lb></lb>cedonium ab vrbe Bithyniæ, in quam de<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg721"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ferebatur, ita appellatum: aſſimilatur co<lb></lb>lore & perſpicuitate propriè vngui. </s> <s id="s.005073">Refert <lb></lb>Albertus expertum eſſe, ſi lapis hic è col<lb></lb>lo ſuſpendatur, vires omnes corporis robo<lb></lb>rare, quòd haud eſt incredibile: nam fri<lb></lb>giditate ſua conſtringit ſpiritus atque vnit, <lb></lb>luce verò illos confirmat & caloris tempe<lb></lb>rie. </s> <s id="s.005074">Eadem ratione, Venerem collo ſu<lb></lb>ſpenſum cohibere fertur, atque in hunc <lb></lb>vſum Indi ferre paſſim conſueuerunt. </s> <s id="s.005075">Sed <lb></lb>ille quidem nobilior eſt quòd orientalis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005076">Ex hoc genere eſt cæruleum, quod pre<lb></lb>tioſiſſimum eſt, & ego tantum ſemel vi<lb></lb>di. </s> <s id="s.005077">Genus eſt aliud cæruleum, pallens in <lb></lb>ſummo & opacum, in imo autem ni<lb></lb>grum, quod vocatur Nicolus: geſtantem <lb></lb>facit triſtem & audacem, & ſomniis ter<lb></lb>ribilibus agitat: nam ſpiritus adeò cogit, <lb></lb>vt triſtitiam & turbationem moueat. </s> <s id="s.005078">Ter<lb></lb>tium genus ferruginei eſt coloris in ſupre<lb></lb>mo, in imo nigri, in medio candidi, vo<lb></lb>catur à pleriſque Oculus. </s> <s id="s.005079">Si fruſtra duo <lb></lb>ex onyche inuicem confricentur, calorem <lb></lb>tantùm concipiunt, vt vix ferri queat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005080">Fruſta namque magna inueniuntur ex illo, <lb></lb>adeò vt non gemma, ſed potiùs marmo<lb></lb>ris genus eſſe videatur: nam Romæ in æde <lb></lb>B. </s> <s id="s.005081">Petri ſex ſunt columnulæ ex hoc lapide. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005082">In Colonia Agrippina Onyx adhuc extat <lb></lb>latior palmo, de quo Albertus olim, nunc <lb></lb>verò Agricola refert, candidas venas ſic <lb></lb>illum diſtinguere, vt duorum iuuenum ca<lb></lb>pita exprimant, rurſus nigras quæ ſerpen<lb></lb>tem effingunt è ſummo capitis vertice <lb></lb>vnius in imum alterius deſcendentem. </s> <s id="s.005083">In <lb></lb>mandibula quoque vnius ex iuuenibus, <lb></lb>imago apparet capitis Æthiopis cum ni<lb></lb>gra barba, reliquum lapidis vnguis co<lb></lb>lorem, vt plerunque ſolent hi lapides, ex<lb></lb>primit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005084"><margin.target id="marg718"></margin.target>Sarda.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005085"><margin.target id="marg719"></margin.target>Corncolus</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005086"><margin.target id="marg720"></margin.target>Cur corneolo <lb></lb>ad ſigilla <lb></lb>vtamur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005087">Onyx & il<lb></lb>lius genera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005088"><margin.target id="marg721"></margin.target>Onychis vi<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005089">Verùm iure quiſpiam dubitet, vnde fi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg722"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>guræ hæ in gemmis & lapidibus proue<lb></lb>niant? </s> <s id="s.005090">neque enim credendum eſt omnem <lb></lb>figuram caſu contingere, cùm (vt inferiùs <lb></lb>dicemus ) lapides multi ex eodem genere <lb></lb>eaſdem retineant figuras. </s> <s id="s.005091">Itaque meo iudi<lb></lb>cio dicendum eſt, duo eſſe figurarum, & <lb></lb>imaginum genera: alterum, quòd ſemper <lb></lb>in eiſdem lapidibus apparet, & hoc à na<lb></lb>tura prouenit, quæ non ſecùs ac in plantis <lb></lb>foliorum, & fructuum numerum ſeruat & <lb></lb>rationem: hoc figurarum genus vim habet, <lb></lb>& aliquid ſignificat. </s> <s id="s.005092">Tale genus figuræ in<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg723"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uentum eſt in lapide nigro, forma coni, cu<lb></lb>ius ſumma pars præciſa fuit: hic ſerpentem <lb></lb>in ſuprema parte pulcherrimè expreſſum, <lb></lb>quaſi pictus eſſet habuit, infima parte pal<lb></lb>lidior, nullibi autem perſpicuus. </s> <s id="s.005093">Qui hunc <lb></lb>Alberto dono dedit, affirmabat ſuper illum <lb></lb>coïſſe plus quàm quingentos ſerpentes: in <lb></lb>prato enim inuentus fuit inter Sueuiæ mon<lb></lb>tes poſito, atque ibi occiſis ſerpentibus, ſub <lb></lb>quibus latebat, à militibus Principis ſu<lb></lb>blatum cum capite maximi ſerpentis cuiuſ<lb></lb>dam qui lapidem tangebat, tranſlatúmque <lb></lb>domum. </s> <s id="s.005094">Exiſtimandum eſt igitur huic la<lb></lb>pidi à natura vim inditam, quæ ſerpentes <lb></lb>ad ſe traheret. </s> <s id="s.005095">Sed hæc mira videri poſſent, <lb></lb>ni Plinij teſtimonio conſtaret inueniri oua <lb></lb>ſerpentum, circa quæ illi coëant: vnde etiam <lb></lb>caduceis pingi ſolet. </s> <s id="s.005096">Sic enim inquit: Vi<lb></lb>dimus ouum mali orbiculati, parui forma, <lb></lb>cruſta cartilaginis, velut acetabulis brachio<lb></lb>rum polypi crebris inſigne Druidis. </s> <s id="s.005097">Hoc fe<lb></lb>runt in Gallia ſalinis & ſpuma conuoluto<lb></lb>rum ſerpentum cogi. </s> <s id="s.005098">Videtúrque ad con<lb></lb>cordiam ex generationis ratione potius fa<lb></lb>cere quàm ad lites, quamquam ferant ad <lb></lb>gratiam principum, & litium victoriam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005099">Nam conſtat equitem Romanum Vocunt iis <lb></lb>euocatum, & occiſum à Claudio Princi<lb></lb>pe, quòd ouum anguinum in ſinu geſtare <lb></lb>depræhenſus eſſet. </s> <s id="s.005100">Ego Plinium non men<lb></lb>tiri ſcio: vera an dicat vir Philoſophiæ rudis <lb></lb>neſcio. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005101"><margin.target id="marg722"></margin.target>Figuræ in <lb></lb>lapidibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005102"><margin.target id="marg723"></margin.target>Hiſtoria la<lb></lb>pidis iuxta <lb></lb>quæ ſerpen<lb></lb>tes congre<lb></lb>gabuntur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005103">Credendum eſt etiam, lapides inuentos <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg724"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in agro Veronenſi, in quibus, vt Leo Ba<lb></lb>ptiſta, Albertus refert, ſigilli Salomoni ima<lb></lb>go ad amuſſim depicta inueniebatur, à na<lb></lb>tura ex propoſito agente ſic depictos, non <lb></lb>fortuitò, atque inde vim illis ineſſe pecu<lb></lb>liarem quandam. </s> <s id="s.005104">Harum verò duo ſunt ge<lb></lb>nera. </s> <s id="s.005105">Primùm, quod quaſi caſu ſit, & tamen <lb></lb>neceſſariò: velut rotunditatis eorum qui in <lb></lb>mari naſcuntur: rotundi enim fiunt longo <lb></lb>fluctuum attritu, quicquid prominet exe<lb></lb>dente. </s> <s id="s.005106">Sed hi non exactè, neque in om<lb></lb>nibus: nam quum ante perfectionem ex<lb></lb>trahuntur, nihil tale proponente natura, <lb></lb>rotundi minimè ſunt. </s> <s id="s.005107">Qui verò in Polonia <lb></lb>extrahuntur forma ollarum, cauſam ean<lb></lb>dem habere poſſunt, quòd circumpoſiti al<lb></lb>teri lapidi oriantur: vel quòd, vt in Aetitis <lb></lb>quodam genere, terra incluſa non coaleſcat: <lb></lb>calor enim exterior, vaſa formare poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005108">Non cogitur autem à calore, quia humi<lb></lb>dum ſolum circumfunditur. </s> <s id="s.005109">Vel quia na<lb></lb>tura hanc formam propriè delegit, & ſibi pro <pb pagenum="468" xlink:href="016/01/117.jpg"></pb>fine proponit, vt in retundis, Cubæ inſulæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005110">Earum rurſus, quas proponit natura, quæ<lb></lb>dam ſunt velut figuræ ſubſtantiæ ac formæ, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg725"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aliæ quaſi picturæ. </s> <s id="s.005111">Quæcunque verò for<lb></lb>mæ loco ſunt, caſu etiam fiunt, ſed non <lb></lb>in omnibus. </s> <s id="s.005112">Illæ ergo quæ non ſemper in <lb></lb>eiſdem lapidibus inueniuntur, ſed rarò, <lb></lb>fortuitò non ſecùs, ac in nubibus generan<lb></lb>tur, nulliúſque virtutis ſunt, quales in ala<lb></lb>bandico lapide ſimiæ inuento Fribergi, <lb></lb>& qui ex eodem genere ſcutulum habuit ru<lb></lb>brum, quòd quatuor lineæ circumambie<lb></lb>bant, quarum prima, tertiaque albæ, ſe<lb></lb>cunda & quarta rubræ. </s> <s id="s.005113">Et Annæbergi ala<lb></lb>bandicus alius formam habuit crucis, ſed <lb></lb>hæc potiùs fuit forma quàm imago. </s> <s id="s.005114">Et in<lb></lb>ter lapides bituminoſus Hercinij nemoris <lb></lb>pyrites inuenitur, qui aurearum macula<lb></lb>rum diſtinctione refert formas varias, ve<lb></lb>lut marini paſſeris, ſalamandræ, galli, pon<lb></lb>tificis barbati, tum beatæ Mariæ Virginis <lb></lb>filium in vlnis geſtantis. </s> <s id="s.005115">Similiter & in Al<lb></lb>ſatiæ lacu iuxta Miſnenſes montes rana<lb></lb>rum, ac piſcium figuræ è cupro in lapidem <lb></lb>ſuperficie delineatæ inueniuntur: adeò ve<lb></lb>rò frequenter, adeò diligenter, vt caſu <lb></lb>contigiſſe vix poſſe dicas. </s> <s id="s.005116">Munſterus refert <lb></lb>habere apud ſe effigiem olruppæ: hunc ( ni <lb></lb>fallor ) nos bottam vocamus. </s> <s id="s.005117">Certè huic <lb></lb>piſci prægrande iecur eſt, nec abſimilis <lb></lb>gobio: Fluuiatilem gobium liceat voca<lb></lb>re, poſtquam olruppa, quod ſciam, La<lb></lb>tinum nomen non eſt. </s> <s id="s.005118">An igitur quòd hic <lb></lb>piſcis aliquando lapidi hæſerit, ideò cu<lb></lb>prum rariore facto lapide eruperit ea parte? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005119">an potius quod aqua ſemine piſcis infecta <lb></lb>tranſeat in metallum? </s> <s id="s.005120">in aqua enim ipſa <lb></lb>metalla fiunt. </s> <s id="s.005121">Seu ſydere aliquo formam <lb></lb>illam imprimente? </s> <s id="s.005122">Sed minus auguſto ter<lb></lb>mino vis ſyderis contineretur. </s> <s id="s.005123">An ſimi<lb></lb>litudine aliqua hoc natura finxit, velut <lb></lb>& in animalium generatione? </s> <s id="s.005124">Ergo me<lb></lb>liùs eſt hæc ad certas lapidum ſpecies trans<lb></lb>ferre, velut in animalibus & plantis, cùm <lb></lb>rectè figuræ delineatæ fuerint, & frequens <lb></lb>euentus. </s> <s id="s.005125">At ſi rarus caſus, atque figuræ <lb></lb>non exactæ, vt in noſtro Achate facies <lb></lb>humana quædam, tunc talia inconſtanti <lb></lb>ratione fiunt, & fortuita erunt: velut & <lb></lb>in nebulis, & plumbo liquefacto in aquam <lb></lb>conniecto, & oſſibus lucij piſcis ad in<lb></lb>ſtrumentorum ruſticorum formam com<lb></lb>paratis. </s> <s id="s.005126">Ergo ex hoc genere ſunt figuræ <lb></lb>achatum, atque in his vis nulla, ſcilicet <lb></lb>figuris, ſed naturalibus tantùm. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg726"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005127"><margin.target id="marg724"></margin.target>Lapides in <lb></lb>ſignes ſigille <lb></lb>Salomonis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005128"><margin.target id="marg725"></margin.target>Figuræ in <lb></lb>lapidibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005129"><margin.target id="marg726"></margin.target>Figuræ fa<lb></lb>ctitiæ quo<lb></lb>modo vim <lb></lb>habeant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005130">De factitiis autem non parua dubitatio: <lb></lb>nulla enim ratio id ſuadere poteſt, & ta<lb></lb>men vires habere videntur. </s> <s id="s.005131">Exemplo igi<lb></lb>tur potiùs id quàm vlla ratione compro<lb></lb>batum. </s> <s id="s.005132">Cauſa igitur eſſe poteſt, vel quia <lb></lb>vis illa lapidi inſita ſit, quam perperàm fi<lb></lb>guræ ignari tribuunt, velut de iaſpide Ga<lb></lb>lenus inſculpto referebat: vel quoniam fa<lb></lb>to id contingit: nam nullus habet quin, <lb></lb>gratia exempli, tutus fuerit ab inimicis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005133">Sed non ob id tutus, quia ſculptum habeat <lb></lb>annulum, ſed annulus id poſſe videtur: <lb></lb>quoniam eius eſt qui fortunam hanc fa<lb></lb>to eſt conſecutus: vel quia tales natura <lb></lb>ſumus, prompti, fortes, ſagaces, non <lb></lb>quidem lapidis inſculpti beneficio, ſed na<lb></lb>tura hominis: vel quia inani ſpe pericu<lb></lb>lis ſe exponentes, aut negotia amplexan<lb></lb>tes, à fortuna iuuantur, ob id à ſigillis <lb></lb>factum putant. </s> <s id="s.005134">Tot igitur modis contin<lb></lb>git credere vim eſſe factitiis figuris. </s> <s id="s.005135">Quòd <lb></lb>verò neque plaſtices, aut domus, aut aliud <lb></lb>quicquam manu factum præter vim for<lb></lb>tunæ vires aliquas habere poſſit, nunc <lb></lb>demonſtrandum eſt. </s> <s id="s.005136">Cùm enim figuræ ma<lb></lb>themathicæ agere quicquam nequeant, <lb></lb>neque magis principia ſint rerum, quàm <lb></lb>numeri, manifeſtum eſt ſpontè nihil ac <lb></lb>per ſe poſſe, ad actiones naturæ agendas, <lb></lb>aut permutandas. </s> <s id="s.005137">Quòd ſi à cœlo per ob<lb></lb>ſeruationes vim conſequi eas ſperes ( hoc <lb></lb>enim affirmant plerique <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> neceſſe eſt, vt <lb></lb>principium aliquod ſit formæ: formæ enim <lb></lb>naturalis actio eſt. </s> <s id="s.005138">Formam igitur natura<lb></lb>lem mutari non figuram eſt neceſſarium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005139">Memorabile illud eſſe ſcio quod referunt de <lb></lb>Hermionis monili, quod qui geſtarent, in<lb></lb>feliciter omnes perirent. </s> <s id="s.005140">Recentius ac verius <lb></lb>de equo Seiano, cuius poſſeſſores Cn. </s> <s id="s.005141">Seius <lb></lb>primò inde Dolobella, pòſt Craſſius atque <lb></lb>Antonius, iudicio, aut caſu crudeliter ac mi<lb></lb>ſerabiliter periêre. </s> <s id="s.005142">Erat autem forma inſignis <lb></lb>ac virtute, colore autem admirabili, nempe <lb></lb>puniceo. </s> <s id="s.005143">Sic de Toloſano auro fertur, quod <lb></lb>cum Cepio Romanus ſuſtuliſſet, & ipſe <lb></lb>malè periit. </s> <s id="s.005144">Non igitur hæc ſunt figura<lb></lb>rum exitia, ſed fati, de quo aliàs diximus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005145">Fortuita igitur, & quæ arte fiunt, attigiſſe <lb></lb>ſufficiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005146">At cryſtallus cur habeat ſex ſuperficies <arrow.to.target n="marg727"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>( vix enim vnquam plures, aut pauciores <lb></lb>habet ) nunc dicendum. </s> <s id="s.005147">Cauſa eſt, quòd <lb></lb>velut & apum caſulæ ab aliis circumdantur, <lb></lb>atque ideò & ipſæ hexagonæ ſunt, cryſtalli <lb></lb>fruſta aliis fruſtis. </s> <s id="s.005148">Sed cur quæ ab aliis cir<lb></lb>cumdantur, ſunt hexagona forma, cùm <lb></lb>ſphæra à 12. ſimilibus Sphæris, non au<lb></lb>tem ſenis circumambiatur? </s> <s id="s.005149">Meliùs igitur <lb></lb>erit vim hanc in naturam corporis referre: <lb></lb>nam corpus omne quod ſuperficiebus recti<lb></lb>lineis circumambitur, longitudine, latitu<lb></lb>dine, & altitudine diſtinguitur: at hæc con<lb></lb>ſtat ſenis oppoſitis ſuperficiebus, quam<lb></lb>obrem ſenas ſuperficies habent cryſtal<lb></lb>lus, & reliquæ huius generis gemmæ, vt <lb></lb>beryllus. </s> <s id="s.005150">Rurſus natura hoc conſtituit ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) generationis cauſa, vt in plantis <lb></lb>dicemus: nam & in Cuba inſula orbis alte<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg728"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rius, lapides exactè ſphærici naturæ ſolius <lb></lb>beneficio abundant. </s> <s id="s.005151">At obſcurior eſt in il<lb></lb>lis vtilitas, non autem minus certa. </s> <s id="s.005152">Sed cry<lb></lb>ſtallus ex aquea conſtat ſubſtantia atque <lb></lb>ideò facillimè liqueſcit in igne, tranſitque <lb></lb>è veſtigio in vitrum. </s> <s id="s.005153">Simili ratione dicen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg729"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dum eſt, ipſum non ex glacie fieri, quam<lb></lb>vis inter niues ſoleat inueniri, ſed humore <lb></lb>ſui generis: nam glacies quæ è montibus <lb></lb>pendet, cùm deciderit igne excalefacta li<lb></lb>queſcit, non cryſtallus, niſi ignibus cir<lb></lb>cumdetur, aſſiduéque vento & flamma vr<lb></lb>geatur. </s> <s id="s.005154">Quòd promineat è ſummis mon<lb></lb>tium cacuminibus, non ob id contingit, <lb></lb>quòd ita genitum ſit, aut quòd glacies vn<lb></lb>quam fuerit: ſed quoniam terra & lapides <lb></lb>molliores imbribus, ventis & niue liquefacta <pb pagenum="469" xlink:href="016/01/118.jpg"></pb>defluunt, & ſaxum nudatur: quamobrem cry<lb></lb>ſtallus, qui inter lapides, ac ſub terra geni<lb></lb>tus eſt, quomodocunque hæreat, pendere <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg730"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>videtur. </s> <s id="s.005155">In mucrone rarius, frequenter in <lb></lb>corpore cryſtalli generatur argentum rude: <lb></lb>quòd non inter illius vitia, ſed egregias <lb></lb>laudes reponitur: namque ſic pulchrior ha<lb></lb>betur, & rarioris exempli <expan abbr="gẽma">gemma</expan>. </s> <s id="s.005156">Inuenitur & <lb></lb>ex eo ſpecies amethyſto ſimilis, adeò obſcura <lb></lb>eſt, quàm quidam beryllum eſſe putant. </s> <s id="s.005157">Vi<lb></lb>di & aquam cryſtallo ingenitam, atque in <lb></lb>aqua corpus tenue nigrum, quod motu aquæ <lb></lb>ad contrariam ferebatur, quòd eſſet illa le<lb></lb>uius, itaque dum conſideret cryſtallus ſpon<lb></lb>tè aſcendebat: ludentes igitur dicebamus, & <lb></lb>perſuadebantur aliquid dæmonem cryſtallo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg731"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>incluſum. </s> <s id="s.005158">Sed cur non multùm nitet? </s> <s id="s.005159">quia <lb></lb>mollis: nulla enim gemma mollis nitet. </s> <s id="s.005160">Sed <lb></lb>cur molle non nitet? </s> <s id="s.005161">quia radios non om<lb></lb>nes, aut plurimos reflectit: igitur quod plu<lb></lb>rimum nitet, non adeò perſpicuum eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt: itaque magis perſpicuus eſt cryſtallus <lb></lb>adamante, quia adamas multò magis <lb></lb>nitet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg732"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005162"><margin.target id="marg727"></margin.target>Chryſtallus <lb></lb>cur ſex ha<lb></lb>beat ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005163"><margin.target id="marg728"></margin.target>Lapides ro<lb></lb>tundi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005164"><margin.target id="marg729"></margin.target>Cryſtallum <lb></lb>non eſſe gla<lb></lb>ciem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005165"><margin.target id="marg730"></margin.target>In cryſtallo <lb></lb>argentum <lb></lb>rude genera<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005166">Aqua in <lb></lb>cryſtallo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005167"><margin.target id="marg731"></margin.target>Gemmarum <lb></lb>durities quo<lb></lb>modo cognoſ<lb></lb>catur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005168"><margin.target id="marg732"></margin.target>Prannium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005169">Eſt & alia cauſa, quòd vbi exactè leuis <lb></lb>eſt ſuperficies, ad eundem penitus angu<lb></lb>lum radij reflectuntur, atque ideò validio<lb></lb>res fiunt. </s> <s id="s.005170">Si autem non ſit dura, non erit <lb></lb>exactè plana ſuperficies: quamobrem radij <lb></lb>diuerſis angulis incident & reflectentur, diſ<lb></lb>ſipabunturque, ac impedientur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005171">Vt verò cryſtallus gemma eſt alba, ita <lb></lb>pranium nigra & perſpicua, quòd rarum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.005172">Huius radix è genere cryſtalli eſſe vi<lb></lb>detur, & in Saxonia inuenitur. </s> <s id="s.005173">Aliquan<lb></lb>do verò contingit radici nigræ fermè adnaſ<lb></lb>ci gemmas alias, vt ſarda in Cypro è tranſ<lb></lb>lucido non exactè nigro, & hyacinthus in <lb></lb>Miſena Volcheſtein ſic exoritur. </s> <s id="s.005174">Exoriun<lb></lb>tur & quemadmodum diximus, rubræ, viri<lb></lb>des, cæruleæ, ac amethyſtinæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005175">Nebrites gemma non eſt, ſed rarus ta<lb></lb>men lapis, opacus, colorem pellis cerui ad <lb></lb>vnguem referens: vocant noſtri gemmarij <arrow.to.target n="marg733"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Garatronium: creditur geſtantem omninò <lb></lb>tueri, ne poſſit vulnerari. </s> <s id="s.005176">Vulgaris & vilis, <lb></lb>pulcher tamen. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg734"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005177"><margin.target id="marg733"></margin.target>Garatronius</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005178"><margin.target id="marg734"></margin.target>Pazar lapis <lb></lb>ſeu bezar.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005179">Nobilior hoc, ſed non ei tamen valdè diſ<lb></lb>ſimilis eſt pazar lapis, quem corrupto no<lb></lb>mine vocant bezar. </s> <s id="s.005180">Gemma nec hic eſt, ſed <lb></lb>mollis ac cinerei coloris, auellanæ magni<lb></lb>tudine, omnibus venenis egregiè reſiſtit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005181">Hic eſt ille lapis ab omnibus laudatus, & à <lb></lb>nemine fermè cognitus: <expan abbr="quẽ">quem</expan> Scribonius Lar<lb></lb>gus, quamuis Cæſaris medicus, falsò ſcripſit <lb></lb><expan abbr="lachrymã">lachrymam</expan> eſſe ceruorum in Cicilia inuentam <lb></lb>cùm conſtet in Pely Orientalis Indiæ regio<lb></lb>ne ſolitam inueniri. </s> <s id="s.005182">Vbi etiam <expan abbr="referũt">referunt</expan> <expan abbr="radi-cẽ">radi<lb></lb>cem</expan> eſſe venenoſiſſimam, nomine bezar, quæ <lb></lb>ſtatim occidat<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> cuius fructus non ſolùm ad<lb></lb>uerſus radicem, ſed etiam quæcunque alia <lb></lb>venena, præſtantiſſimum ſit auxilium: voca<lb></lb>tur autem fructus nirabri. </s> <s id="s.005183">Sed quomodo ale<lb></lb>xipharmacum, atque venenum ex eodem <lb></lb>oriri poſſint, dictum eſt aliàs. <arrow.to.target n="marg735"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005184"><margin.target id="marg735"></margin.target>Amethyſtus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005185">Amethyſto color vini, & grata gemma <lb></lb>vilis pretij, etiamſi ſit orientalis: creditur <lb></lb>ebrietatem alligatus vmbilico prohibere: & <lb></lb>(quod diximus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ſuperius) ſomnia mouere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005186">Corallius verò gemma non eſt: eius ſpe<lb></lb>cies ſunt, candida, rubens, & nigra quæ ta<arrow.to.target n="marg736"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>men omnes in eadem planta conſpiciuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005187">Quò fit vt nec ætate, nec ſpecie differant, ſed <lb></lb>velut lapides reliqui vapore maris tingan<lb></lb>tur: tener eſt, atque arbuti inſtar in imo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg737"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maris inter lapides & ſaxa oritur. </s> <s id="s.005188">Nobiliſſi<lb></lb>mus rubens, & qui ex eo rubet, vt purpu<lb></lb>ra, igneum quendam emittens ſplendorem, <lb></lb>è directo ventriculi ſuſpenſus illum vehe<lb></lb>menter confirmat, quod Albertus, Galeno <lb></lb>& Auicennæ adſcribere nititur: tenuis eſt <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ, & inter ea, quæ in mari con<lb></lb>creſcunt etiam tenuiſſimæ, ideóque confir<lb></lb>mat membra, & ſpiritus temperat. </s> <s id="s.005189">Vnde <lb></lb>qui talis eſt qualem ſuprà eſſe debere di<lb></lb>ximus, cor & cerebrum confirmat, men<lb></lb>tem exhilarat, & morbo comitiali aduerſa<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.005190">Sed cùm frequentiſſimus ſit illius pro<lb></lb>uentus, optimi certè rariſſimus. </s> <s id="s.005191">Nam quæ <lb></lb>abundant, facilè abſoluuntur: & quæ fa<lb></lb>cilè abſoluuntur, perfecta eſſe non poſſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg738"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Itaque optima quæque rara eſſe neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005192">Concreſcit & duratur aëre poſtquam è <lb></lb>mari extractus fuerit, quoniam aër quod <lb></lb>tenue eſt illius humidum ſiccat, & frigus <lb></lb>etiam partes cogit. </s> <s id="s.005193">Refrigeratur autem ab <lb></lb>aëre etiam æſtate media, quia pars, quæ <lb></lb>intus penetrat, frigida euadit: oſtenſum <lb></lb>enim eſt aërem cum diſſipatur refrigerari. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005194">Vnde Ouidius: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Nunc quoque coraliis idem natura remanſit, <lb></lb>Duritiem tacto capiantur ab aëre, quoque, <lb></lb>Vimen in æquore erant, fiant ſuper æthera ſaxum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005195"><margin.target id="marg736"></margin.target>Corallius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005196"><margin.target id="marg737"></margin.target>Vires coral<lb></lb>li.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005197"><margin.target id="marg738"></margin.target>Cur optima <lb></lb>quæque raræ <lb></lb>ſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005198">Proprium rubei ac ſynceri, fulgentiſque, <lb></lb>vt carbunculus, eſt quòd ſi annectatur collo, <lb></lb>vt carnem tangat, cùm ægrotat homo, aut <lb></lb>breui ægrotaturus eſt, aut ſi venenum hau<lb></lb>ſerit, quod nondum ſentiat, impalleſcere, & <lb></lb>nitorem amittere, adeò vt mireris, atque hoc <lb></lb>non ſemel obſeruaui. </s> <s id="s.005199">Cauſa eſt, quod vapor <lb></lb>ille, qui nondum moleſtiam homini afferre, <lb></lb>poteſt, ſubſtantiam teneriorem corali affli<lb></lb>git miro experimento. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg739"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005200"><margin.target id="marg739"></margin.target>Morbis fu<lb></lb>turis digno<lb></lb>ſcendis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005201">Hæ igitur nobiliores ac magis vulgates <lb></lb>ſunt gemmæ. </s> <s id="s.005202">Cæterùm adulterantur miris <lb></lb>modis, qui tamen in tres numero modos de<lb></lb>ducuntur. </s> <s id="s.005203">Horum autem primus eſt vulgaris, <lb></lb>vt inter duas planas tabulas cryſtalli color, <lb></lb>cum glutine perſpicuo ponatur, inde coaleſ<lb></lb>centibus his gemma annulo clauditur, vt ri<lb></lb>ma coniunctionis lateat: atque hic modus <lb></lb>vulgaris ac vilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.005204">Copia hàrum gemma<lb></lb>rum, imò emporium eſt ipſa vrbs noſtra in <lb></lb>qua virtus eadem cum gemmis colitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005205">Peſſima eſt fraus quæ ſubiicitur, nec vul<arrow.to.target n="marg740"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>garis ad fallendum, cuius autor Zocolinus ex <lb></lb>vrbe noſtra, quem ob adulterinam monetam <lb></lb>Princeps debito ſupplicio affici iuſſit, quan<lb></lb>quam omnes gemmarij pro illo <expan abbr="ſupplicarẽt">ſupplicarent</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005206">Vides ingenia <expan abbr="hominũ">hominum</expan>, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ex vno collegio <lb></lb><expan abbr="argumentũ">argumentum</expan> multitudinis accipe: cui ſi diſpli<lb></lb>ceo, non <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> pudet, aut pœnitet, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> gratulor, <lb></lb>quòd <expan abbr="horũ">horum</expan> morum hominibus odio habitus <lb></lb>ſim. </s> <s id="s.005207">Igitur ille inclytus vir, tabellam ex vero <lb></lb>lapide, veluti pro carbunculo ex carbunculo, <lb></lb>pro ſmaragdo ex ſmaragdo <expan abbr="nitidã">nitidam</expan>, ac vilem <pb pagenum="470" xlink:href="016/01/119.jpg"></pb>ob tenuitatem ac coloris diluti, quarum (vt <lb></lb>dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> maxima erat copia, eritque ſemper, vt <lb></lb>& hominem eius conditionis, accipiebat, <lb></lb>cui coæqualem ac craſſam ex cryſtallo ſub<lb></lb>iiciebat, glutinóque quàm tenuiſſimè pote<lb></lb>rat, iungebat, interpoſito colore proprio, vt <lb></lb>rubro ſplendido pro carbunculo, viridi pro <lb></lb>ſmaragdo, cæruleo pro ſapphiro, & vt ri<lb></lb>ma latêret, auro claudebat, quò etiam ſuſ<lb></lb>Picio doli tolleretur. </s> <s id="s.005208">Vetitum enim eſt in <lb></lb>vrbibus nobilioribus gemmam adulterinam <lb></lb>auro claudere. </s> <s id="s.005209">In hac fraude nihil præter <lb></lb>venditoris autoritatem deſideratur. </s> <s id="s.005210">Rima <lb></lb>latet auro abdita, & ob tenuitatem color <lb></lb>illuſtrem facit: ſumma ſuperficies, cùm ex <lb></lb>genere ſit veræ gemmæ, nitorem proprium <lb></lb>reddit. </s> <s id="s.005211">Ita mirificus hic artifex, gemmariis <lb></lb>etiam ipſis imponebat, donec agnita, frau<lb></lb>de cum fuga ſibi conſuleret, exilio ab om<lb></lb>nibus nobilioribus vrbibus damnaretur, at<lb></lb>que ſic minima auri quantitate pudorem <lb></lb>vrbis noſtræ proſtituit vndique: nec tamen <lb></lb>ſpernendum latrocinium, gemma trium au<lb></lb>reorum coronatorum, trecentis perſæpe, <lb></lb>etiam longè pluris vendebatur. </s> <s id="s.005212">Ergo agni<lb></lb>ta fraude, cùm deeſſet lucri immoderati <lb></lb>& abſque labore modus, ad egregiam illam <lb></lb>adulterinæ monetæ inuentionem ſe conuer<lb></lb>tit, eoque pœnas dedit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg741"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005213"><margin.target id="marg740"></margin.target>Adulterandi <lb></lb>gemmas tres <lb></lb>modi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005214"><margin.target id="marg741"></margin.target>Sapphirus <lb></lb>quomodo in <lb></lb>adamantem <lb></lb>vertatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005215">Tertius gemmas adulterandi modus lon<lb></lb>gè nobilior, ac minus damnatus eſt, arte <lb></lb>cum natura luctante. </s> <s id="s.005216">Gemma in gemmam <lb></lb>mutatur ignis ope. </s> <s id="s.005217">Sapphirus nitidus, ſed <lb></lb>alioquin diluti coloris, cùm auro iungitur, <lb></lb>apponitur igni ſenſim donec liqueſcat: fer<lb></lb>uet aurum horis tribus, aut quatuor, inde <lb></lb>gemma tollitur, & ſenſim refrigerari per<lb></lb>mittitur, inuenies adamantem: gemma enim <lb></lb>manet, nec lima tangitur: quicquid autem <lb></lb>eſt coloris cærulei perit. </s> <s id="s.005218">Ideò coloris ditiſ<lb></lb>ſimi ſapphiros quærimus: ſunt enim vilio<lb></lb>res & celeriùs in adamantem tranſeunt, at<lb></lb>que perfectiùs mutantur. </s> <s id="s.005219">Qui primùm in<lb></lb>uenit hoc, ditatus eſt valde, breuique tem<lb></lb>pore. </s> <s id="s.005220">Inde detecta re, adhuc lucrum arti <lb></lb>relictum eſt: nitet enim plurimùm ob ſap<lb></lb>phiri duritiem. </s> <s id="s.005221">Sunt qui ex aqua marina <lb></lb>gemma viliore & molliore faciant adaman<lb></lb>tes pulchros. </s> <s id="s.005222">Sunt & qui ſapphirum non <lb></lb>incoquant auro, ſed creta inuolutum in <lb></lb>igne ſolùm, eodemque modo res ſuccedit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005223">Obſeruandum tamen eſt, vt gemmæ fri<lb></lb>gidæ ignis ſenſim circumdetur, & rurſus vt <lb></lb>peracto opere permittatur refrigerari ignis <lb></lb>extinctione: nam detrahere ex igne haud <lb></lb>tutum eſt Vitium eſt, ſi quicquam reman<lb></lb>ſerit veſtigij coloris cærulei. <arrow.to.target n="marg742"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005224"><margin.target id="marg742"></margin.target>Carbunculi <lb></lb>adulterini.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005225">Carbunculi finguntur Auripigmento de<lb></lb>ſtillato, ſed præter ſplendorem, & colorem <lb></lb>nihil eſt quod non deſideretur. <arrow.to.target n="marg743"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005226"><margin.target id="marg743"></margin.target>Smaragdus <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005227">Maiore negotio ſmaragdus conficitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005228">Teritur cryſtallus tenuiſſimè, additur Mar<lb></lb>tia cocta & ærugo ſplendidiſſima, vel ver<lb></lb>micularis, foditur later crudus, imponun<lb></lb>tur hæc tria, ac in fornace laterum excoqui<lb></lb>tur inter alios ſigno addito, inde ex trahi<lb></lb>tur gleba ſmaragdo ſimilis, exſcinditur, por<lb></lb>tur, vitrum tamen eſt, ſed adeò elegans, <lb></lb>t niſi qui primò inuenerunt ( inuentum <lb></lb>enim hoc, eſt nouum, noſtræque ætatis) <lb></lb>magnis fruſtis nimis celeriter voluiſſent <lb></lb>ditari, indéque ſuſpicionem copia, & magni<lb></lb>tudine inieciſſent, potuiſſet & nunc latêre <lb></lb>fraus maximo ac incredibili inuentorum lu<lb></lb>cro, quanquam nec ſine lucro fuerint. </s> <s id="s.005229">Vidi <lb></lb>adeò pulchros, vt auro circundati natiuos <lb></lb>ſplendore vincerent. </s> <s id="s.005230">Optimè ſuccedit, ſi <arrow.to.target n="marg744"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omninò bullis careant: nam bullæ vitrum <lb></lb>eſſe declarant, & ſordidum lapidem faciunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005231">Tangitur tamen lima, nam vitrum eſt. </s> <s id="s.005232">Om<lb></lb>nis enim gemma plumbi odore tranſit in vi<lb></lb>trum, præcipuè verò cùm fuerit tenuem in <lb></lb>puluerem redacta. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005233"><margin.target id="marg744"></margin.target>Gemma om<lb></lb>nis odore <lb></lb>plumbi tran<lb></lb>ſit in <expan abbr="vitrũ">vitrum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005234">Porrò in Martiacocta plumbum conti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg745"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>neri palàm eſt, Martiacocta enim conſtat <lb></lb>ſale chali, alumine & arena, tum plumbo <lb></lb>nigro, vel albo in calcem redacto: hac va<lb></lb>ſa figulina intinguntur, & in fornacibus <lb></lb>poſita nitorem vitri recipiunt ſimul ac ſo<lb></lb>liditatem: neque enim humorem conten<lb></lb>tum combibunt, aut tranſmittunt. </s> <s id="s.005235">Hoc au<lb></lb>tem maximè ſuccedit in figulinis quibuſdam <lb></lb>Germaniæ, quæ ob terram ſolam ſpontè ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg746"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.005236">Itaque Martiacocta & plumbi <lb></lb>odore gemmæ in vitrum tranſeunt, colo<lb></lb>rem tamen recipiunt: igne ſolo gemmæ eſ<lb></lb>ſe non deſinunt, ſed colorem amittunt, non <lb></lb>recipiunt. </s> <s id="s.005237">Si quid igitur medium inuenia<lb></lb>tur, quo gemma colorem recipiat, molleſ<lb></lb>cat etiam, ſed non adeò vt in nitrum tran<lb></lb>ſeat, tunc lucrum maximum ſuccedet. </s> <s id="s.005238">Opor<lb></lb>tet igitur vt minus molle reddat plumbo, & <lb></lb>magis quàm ignis ſolus: ſic enim ſapphirus <lb></lb>in carbunculum tranſire poterit, cùm ſit du<lb></lb>rior carbunculo: & ſi magis mollis euadat, <lb></lb>in ſmaragdum, addito viridi colore: rurſus <lb></lb>carbunculus in ſmaragdum, eſt enim longè <lb></lb>etiam durior eo, etſi ſit non parum ſapphi<lb></lb>ro mollior: tum multa huiuſce generis, quæ <lb></lb>beatum facerent inuentorem, proculdubio <lb></lb>eſſe poſſunt & latent: vbi enim extrema, <lb></lb>ibi etiam medium eſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.005239">Vidi nu<lb></lb>per cryſtalli vnam ſuperficiem cæruleo per<lb></lb>fuſam, vt nec aqua dilueretur, nec ferro <lb></lb>abradi poſſet. </s> <s id="s.005240">Vtile inuentum ſi continuato <lb></lb>opere obducatur. </s> <s id="s.005241">Nam concors gemmæ in<lb></lb>ductus color, nullo tempore ſeneſcit: nec <lb></lb>concluſa annulo, vlla arte dignoſci poteſt, <lb></lb>cùm non ſecus ac natiua colorem reddat: <lb></lb>quamuis in ſola ſuperficie aduerſa ſparſum: <lb></lb>ſpargitur autem igne. </s> <s id="s.005242">Porrò inter vitri ge<lb></lb>nera, quæ Martia cocta & cryſtallo fiunt, <lb></lb>color ſi addatur rubens, carbunculus eua<lb></lb>dit: ſi cæruleus, ſapphirus: ſed omnes, vi<lb></lb>liores ſmaragdo: quia plus ab illarum natu<lb></lb>ra diſtant, quam vitrum, quod ſmaragdum <lb></lb>imitatur: nulla enim gemma non durior eſt <lb></lb>ſmaragdo, quemadmodum diximus ſupe<lb></lb>rius: ea de cauſa ſmaragdum ſolùm conan<lb></lb>tur imitari, quòd ſolùm vitrum ſmaragdo <lb></lb>poſſit aſſimilari, ob magnam ipſius ſma<lb></lb>ragdi mollitiem: conficiuntur tamen etiam <lb></lb>illæ in latere, quemadmodum & ſmaragdus <lb></lb>adulterinus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005243"><margin.target id="marg745"></margin.target>Martiacoctæ <lb></lb>compoſitio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005244"><margin.target id="marg746"></margin.target>Tranſmuta<lb></lb>tio vtiliſſi<lb></lb>ma nondum <lb></lb>inuenta.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005245">Sed illud mirum, quod <expan abbr="quidã">quidam</expan> aiunt, lateres <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg747"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>coctos grauiores eſſe, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <expan abbr="antequã">antequam</expan> in forna<lb></lb>cem ponerentur Cauſa eſſe poteſt, quòd vbi <lb></lb>facti ſunt, in ſole ficcantur, concipiuntque <pb pagenum="471" xlink:href="016/01/120.jpg"></pb>aëris non parum, qui intrò latens, multò le<lb></lb>uiores eos reddit, iidem excocti, aërêque re<lb></lb>ſoluto grauiores efficiuntur, quamque humi<lb></lb>dum abſumptum ſit. </s> <s id="s.005246">Etenin ſi pluſquàm par <lb></lb>ſit torreantur, ferro ſimiles colore, pondere, <lb></lb>duritiéque euadunt: ſed cùm minores fiant, <lb></lb>autoritati Leonardi Iacchini inniti cogor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005247">An verò paruitas illa fiat grauitatis & colo<lb></lb>ris cauſa eadem eſſe poteſt: prauitas pro ra<lb></lb>tione materiæ, at paruitas ipſa fit coacto <lb></lb>per vim, & liqueſcente terra, quæ metal<lb></lb>licum quid retinet, vnde fermè ſemper plus <lb></lb>quàm par ſit excocti inflectuntur, atque in<lb></lb>curuatur. </s> <s id="s.005248">Illud verò magna dubitatione di<lb></lb>gnum, cur intermiſſo igne in fornacibus, vel <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg748"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>breui momento lateres frangantur. </s> <s id="s.005249">Id verò <lb></lb>non ſemper, ſed cùm calor immodicus igne <lb></lb>ceſſante contrahitur frangit lateres. </s> <s id="s.005250">Ideò <lb></lb>cùm denuò accenditur etiam frangit: nam <lb></lb>quæ iam ſicca ſunt, cùm nouo calore fer<lb></lb>uent, diſrumpuntur: ſicut de viro patet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005251"><margin.target id="marg747"></margin.target>Later crudus <lb></lb>dum exco<lb></lb>quitur pon<lb></lb>dere auge<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005252"><margin.target id="marg748"></margin.target>Lateres in<lb></lb>termiſſo in <lb></lb>fornacibus <lb></lb>igne ſran<lb></lb>guntur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005253">Cauſa eſt, quoniam antequàm liqueſcat, <lb></lb>& molliatur quod durum eſt, flatu diſtenden<lb></lb>te rumpitur. </s> <s id="s.005254">Ob eam igitur inæqualitatem <lb></lb>magna iactura figulis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005255">Nec verò, vt ad primum reuertar in<lb></lb>ſtitutum, gemmas ſolùm ars fabricat adul<lb></lb>terinas, ſed & lapides atque etiam cotes. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg749"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ex Smiri primò cotes fiunt, quæ gemmas <lb></lb>atterunt, & ex Geode geodes, & ex co<lb></lb>tibus alijs cotes ſui generis: teruntur tenui<lb></lb>ter ſingula horum, provt libuerit aliquid <lb></lb>conficere tale, & candido oui, oleo lini, <lb></lb>& l iuniperi lachryma excipiuntur, ſiccantúr<lb></lb>que ſub arena. </s> <s id="s.005256">Fit & lithoſtroton, quo pa<lb></lb>uimenta templorum figuris variantur ho<lb></lb>minum, ferarum arborúmque, vt Conſtan<lb></lb>tinopoli in æde Sapientiæ, Venetiis beati <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg750"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Marci, & Florentiæ beati Ioannis Baptiſtæ: <lb></lb>aut muri, vt Mediolani in æde beati Lau<lb></lb>rentij, ex fruſtulis lapidum diuerſorum co<lb></lb>lorum, albis, rubris, cæruleis, viridibus, ni<lb></lb>gris, glutino tenaci inuicem iunctis, vt non <lb></lb>ſolam formam, ſed & colorem imagines <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg751"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>referant. </s> <s id="s.005257">Fit Maltha perpetua pro hoc ope<lb></lb>re ex calce & ſuillo adipe, vel pice, aut oui <lb></lb>candido: hæc præcipuè aquis reſiſtit, vnde <lb></lb>etiam canales producendis aquis iunguntur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg752"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ea. </s> <s id="s.005258">Alia ad eundem vſum optima, conſtat <lb></lb>calce, oui candido, oleo, ferri ſcobe, ma<lb></lb>rinis vmbilicis: ac canales ipſi fiunt ex li<lb></lb>gnis abietis, vel alni, aut piceæ, vel picea<lb></lb>ſtri: habent enim hæc ligna humidum pin<lb></lb>gue valde & calidum, vnde aquarum iniu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg753"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>riis maximè reſiſtunt. </s> <s id="s.005259">Fiunt & è plumbo, <lb></lb>ſed optimi atque æterni ex ære. </s> <s id="s.005260">Pro regula <lb></lb>enim haberi poteſt, quòd omnia quæ ignis <lb></lb>iuſtò plus exuſſit, vt carbones, æs, ſulphur, <lb></lb>ab aqua nunquam, etiamſi millibus anno<lb></lb>rum in ea perſiſterent, corrumpuntur. </s> <s id="s.005261">Sed ad <lb></lb>iungendos lapides, aut marmoris fragmenta <lb></lb>Maltha ſufficit, ex puluere marmoris, & oui <lb></lb>candido, aut pice confecta. </s> <s id="s.005262">Palàm igitur eſt, <lb></lb>cur aliqua in aquis incorrupta maneant, & <lb></lb>quæ: alia tamen ob denſitatem aquarum <lb></lb>iniuriæ obnoxia minimè ſunt, ſed tamen in <lb></lb>illis cortex corrumpitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005263"><margin.target id="marg749"></margin.target>Cotes adul<lb></lb>terinæ quæ <lb></lb>gemmas at<lb></lb>terunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005264"><margin.target id="marg750"></margin.target>Lithoſtroton.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005265"><margin.target id="marg751"></margin.target>Maltha pe<lb></lb>rennis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005266"><margin.target id="marg752"></margin.target>Aquarum <lb></lb>ductus è <lb></lb>quibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005267"><margin.target id="marg753"></margin.target>Omnis mate<lb></lb>ria in <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb>plus iuſtò <lb></lb>agit ignis <lb></lb>armarum in <lb></lb>iuriis perpe<lb></lb>tuò reſiſtet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005268">Sed his relictis ad gemmarum hiſtoriam <lb></lb>redeo. </s> <s id="s.005269">Cùm verò de his dictum abundè ſit, <lb></lb>quæ ſub terra & in aquis<emph type="italics"></emph>;<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> aut inter lapi<lb></lb>des concreſcunt, nunc de his quæ in ani<lb></lb>malibus naſcuntur ſermo habendus eſt. </s> <s id="s.005270">Et <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg754"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quamuis gemmas veras in animalibus inue<lb></lb>niri poſſe credatur, nullam tamen veram <lb></lb>gemmam è corpore animalis alicuius detra<lb></lb>ctam ad hanc vſque diem vidi: raráſque <lb></lb>omninò eſſe oportet illas, quòd à frigore <lb></lb>concreſcant. </s> <s id="s.005271">Indicio eſt à frigore gemmas <lb></lb>concreſcere: primùm, quòd inter lapides & <lb></lb>locis frigidiſſimis oriantur. </s> <s id="s.005272">Deinde, quòd <lb></lb>etiam à frigore ſeruentur, à calore debili<lb></lb>tentur, & vitientur: aquea etiam ſubſtantia <lb></lb>non niſi gelu concreta ſplendet, velut in <lb></lb>glacie: at gemmæ omnes nitent, pleræque <lb></lb>etiam perſpicuæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.005273"><expan abbr="Molleſcũt">Molleſcunt</expan> etiam igni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg755"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bus, adeò vt poſſint perforari: vt adamas alię <lb></lb><expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> magis, <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> etiam liqueſcunt: molleſ<lb></lb>cit & liquatur, ſed difficillimè, hyacinthus, <lb></lb>facilè verò cryſtallus. </s> <s id="s.005274">Eſt etiam frigiditatis <lb></lb>omnium lapidum argentum haud dubium, <lb></lb>& ſi reliqua deeſſent, cactus ipſe. </s> <s id="s.005275">Ergo ſi fri<lb></lb>gore concreſcunt lapides, gemmæ autem vt <lb></lb>duriores maiore, nihil mirum eſt non gene<lb></lb>rari gemmas in animalibus, vbi nihil eſſe <lb></lb>poteſt frigidiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.005276">Sed ſi omninò gene<lb></lb>ratur aliquis lapis, qualis Alectorius, ſi gem<lb></lb>ma ſit, aut vires habeat, vita carere non po<lb></lb>teſt. </s> <s id="s.005277">Gemma enim quòd durior ſit, cùm li<lb></lb>ma haud tangatur, calore concreſcere non <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.005278">Quòd verò frigore fit impenetrabile, <lb></lb>viuere neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.005279">Non igitur dura poteſt <lb></lb>eſſe in animali gemma, nam non tam li<lb></lb>quido humore nutriri poſſet, quale eſt id <lb></lb>quod in animali ſecernitur: neque mollis, <lb></lb>quia gemma non eſſet, imò neque lapis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005280">Ab initio igitur per ſpiritum & humorem <lb></lb>gemmam viuere neceſſe eſt, atque mollem <lb></lb>ob id eſſe: inde paulatim hebetata vita, ve<lb></lb>lut in vteri mola concreſcere calore, donec <lb></lb>adeò dura reddatur, vt non poſſit amplius <lb></lb>augeri: tunc verò frigore concreſcere, do<lb></lb>nec extracta, vel mertuo animali abſolua<lb></lb>tur: nam eo viuente, perfici & perfectè du<lb></lb>reſcere non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005281"><margin.target id="marg754"></margin.target>Cur verè <lb></lb>gemmæ ra<lb></lb>riſſima in <lb></lb>animalibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005282"><margin.target id="marg755"></margin.target>Lapides om<lb></lb>nes frigore <lb></lb>concreſcere, <lb></lb>quinque ra<lb></lb>tionibus <lb></lb>oſtenditur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005283">Precioſiſſima autem, quod ſciam, ex his <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg756"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt margarita, quæ corticibus quibuſdam <lb></lb>conſtat rotundis. </s> <s id="s.005284">Naſcuntur ex conchyliis <lb></lb>rotundis nobiliores, ſed tamen minus ro<lb></lb>tundæ: aliæ ignobiles rotundæ ex oblon<lb></lb>gis, quaſi contraria ratione. </s> <s id="s.005285">Striatum ge<lb></lb>nus conchyliorum vtrumque, & in imo ma<lb></lb>ri moram ducens. </s> <s id="s.005286">Fabuloſum itaque eas ex <lb></lb>cœli rore concipere. </s> <s id="s.005287">Ignobile margarita<lb></lb>rum genus ex Nacaronibus (ſic enim oſtrea <lb></lb>vocant longa) ſeu melius dicam conchylia, <lb></lb>quòd ſtriata ſint, naſcitur. </s> <s id="s.005288">Seneſcit celerri<lb></lb>mè margarita, nec in hoc lapidibus ſimilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005289">Mittit Indicum mare Boreale iuxta Cuba <lb></lb>gua inſulam, auſtrale iuxta Terarequi: naſ<lb></lb>cuntur & aliis pluribus locis. </s> <s id="s.005290">Maxima laus <lb></lb>eſt in candore, ſplendore, ac rotundita<lb></lb>te. </s> <s id="s.005291">Inuenitur in conchyliis, oſtreiſve iuxta <lb></lb>Britanniam, <expan abbr="frequẽtior">frequentior</expan> in Indico mari. </s> <s id="s.005292">Vna <lb></lb>in theca plurimæ ſunt margaritæ, <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> maximè <lb></lb><expan abbr="minimarũ">minimarum</expan>, vnde harum copia ſuprà <expan abbr="fidẽ">fidem</expan>: ma<lb></lb>gnæ raræ ſunt: quæ vitio careant: & magnæ, <lb></lb>ſunt rariſſimæ<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> repurgant <expan abbr="ſanguinẽ">ſanguinem</expan>, tenuem<lb></lb>que habent <expan abbr="ſubſtantiã">ſubſtantiam</expan>. </s> <s id="s.005293">Sed colos eis vt pſeu-<pb pagenum="472" xlink:href="016/01/121.jpg"></pb>doopalo, ſcilicet qui ex aſpectu mutetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005294">Cauſa iam dicta eſt, nam corticibus con<lb></lb>ſtant margaritæ, quæ ſuperficie vna politæ <lb></lb>ſunt, altera rudes. </s> <s id="s.005295">Experimentum ſume plu<lb></lb>ribus ſpeculis ſimul iunctis eodem ordine, <lb></lb>ita vt nitida ſuperficies tegat rudem alterius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005296">Inde ſi paruas eas finxeris, atque adeò te<lb></lb>nues, vt ſolùm ſcabrum non diuiſum, aut <lb></lb>varium corpus efficiant, intelliges tandem <lb></lb>qua de cauſa aſpectus ratio colorem, ac <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg757"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſplendorem mutet. </s> <s id="s.005297">Colos tamen margaritæ <lb></lb>plerunque eſt candidus, nitidus, modicè fuſ<lb></lb>cus: hunc à ſuis conchyliis mutuantur. </s> <s id="s.005298">Non <lb></lb>abſimilis hic eſt cochleis, quas India ( vt di<lb></lb>cunt ) mittit. </s> <s id="s.005299">De colore, forma ac ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia dicere poſſum, quòd eas viderim ſæpiùs <lb></lb>vnde veniant, non ſat dicere poſſum. </s> <s id="s.005300">Eſt <lb></lb>igitur forma triremis cùm alta puppi, in qua <lb></lb>vaſculum aliud, diceres poculum à natura <lb></lb>excogitatum, nam & magnitudo tanta eſt <lb></lb>eius quam vidi, vt facilè cotylam capiat, <lb></lb>res profectò vſus elegantiſſimi, & pulcher<lb></lb>rimæ formæ, conſtat eſſe nautilum. </s> <s id="s.005301">Eſt & <lb></lb>limacis concha margaritarum conchis, <expan abbr="quã-tò">quan<lb></lb>tò</expan> Indicus aër, ac terra, tum aqua, noſtris <lb></lb>elementis ſunt præſtantiora: multorum enim <lb></lb>ſeculorum curſus meliores euadunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg758"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005302"><margin.target id="marg756"></margin.target>Margarita.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005303"><margin.target id="marg757"></margin.target>Cochlea <lb></lb>Indica.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005304"><margin.target id="marg758"></margin.target>Borax.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005305">Borax, inuenitur ) vt aiunt ) in capi<lb></lb>te bufonis ſenis ac magni. </s> <s id="s.005306">Braſauolus re<lb></lb>fert, in capite illius animalis inueniſſe, <lb></lb>eſſéque os potius quàm lapidem. </s> <s id="s.005307">Duplex <lb></lb>eſt, cauus oſſique perſimilis, colore fuſ<lb></lb>co pallente, & alter qui in oſſe lapidem <lb></lb>continet: verùm os capitis eſt, vt Braſa<lb></lb>uolus refert, quod vetuſtate concreſcit, <lb></lb>quia terra alitur. </s> <s id="s.005308">Sed vires non noui: ad<lb></lb>uerſus calculum valere putant, ego incer<lb></lb>tus ſum, an prohibeat lapidis generationem: <lb></lb>at omninò prohibere non poteſt, neque om<lb></lb>nis: an verò aliquis retardet, dignum dubi<lb></lb>tatione eſt. <arrow.to.target n="marg759"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005309"><margin.target id="marg759"></margin.target>Limacius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005310">Limacius lapis in capite limacis, quæ <lb></lb>cortice non integitur, ſolet generari. </s> <s id="s.005311">Hunc <lb></lb>vt oſtendere poſſum, candido colore, & <lb></lb>aſpera ſuperficie eſſe oportet, quòd ex <lb></lb>aquea ſubſtantia coactus ſit frigore, & ob <lb></lb>id etiam paruus, quòd in paruo animali <lb></lb>inuentus. </s> <s id="s.005312">Putant alligatum, quartanam pa<arrow.to.target n="marg760"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tientibus prodeſſe non parum. </s> <s id="s.005313">In perca piſ<lb></lb>ce paruo, hunc coruum vocant, cùm ca<lb></lb>put magnum habeat, duo lapides inue<lb></lb>niuntur candidi, oblongi, plani, altera <lb></lb>parte quaſi dentati, quos lithiaſi conferre <lb></lb>creditum eſt. </s> <s id="s.005314">Auxiliatur & podagricis ( vt <lb></lb>ferunt ) doloribus, & quantò maior fuerit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg761"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005315"><margin.target id="marg760"></margin.target>Perca lapis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005316"><margin.target id="marg761"></margin.target>Quomodo in <lb></lb>animalibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005317">lapides gene<lb></lb>rentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005318">Oriuntur lapides in animalibus, duobus <lb></lb>modis: altero quidem, frigore, vt in lima<lb></lb>ce, perca, cancris, bufone, & ( vt aiunt) <lb></lb>Indicis teſtudinibus: altero, à calore, vt in <lb></lb>taurorum veſica fellea ſæpe, & in homi<lb></lb>num etiam aliquando: nam inuentus eſt <lb></lb>annis ab hinc paucis antè lapis in fellea <lb></lb>veſica hominis; eo ſcabiei genere quod le<lb></lb>pra vocatur laborantis. </s> <s id="s.005319">Gignitur & in veſi<lb></lb>ca, ac renibus magno illorum malo: tum <lb></lb>etiam apud me eſt, genitus in pulmone bo<lb></lb>uis, lenis, ac cinerei coloris. </s> <s id="s.005320">Lapides om<lb></lb>nes qui in cancris, limacibus, de piſcibus <lb></lb>gignuntur, vt coruo, manati, aliiſque plu<lb></lb>ribus, prohibent generationem lapidum in <lb></lb>renibus, genitóſque diſſoluunt. </s> <s id="s.005321">Nam hi la<lb></lb>pides in his animalibus immodico frigore <lb></lb>concreſcunt: epoti igitur renes refrigerant: <lb></lb>aut in hominibus lapides calore generan<lb></lb>tur immodico: talis autem materia lapidea <lb></lb>eſt & frigidiſſima: conuenit igitur vt etiam <lb></lb>vrinæ abundantiæ, quæ vel calore renum, <lb></lb>vel ſiccitate fit, præſens afferat auxilium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005322">Ferunt etiam in ventre galli generari ale<lb></lb>ctorium lapidem, quaſi dicas gallinaceum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005323">Sed tamen ſarda, vel achate fingitur, in <arrow.to.target n="marg762"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quo flammea macula appareat. </s> <s id="s.005324">Verùm ale<lb></lb>ctorium generari in galli, aut galli gallina<lb></lb>cei ventre, penitùs non poſſe reor. </s> <s id="s.005325">Nam <lb></lb>cùm gallorum ventriculus ſit valde capax, <lb></lb>atque ſorditie ſemper plenus, humor ille <lb></lb>paulatim diſtillare non poteſt, ſed nec col<lb></lb>ligi, nec concreſcere. </s> <s id="s.005326">Si verò concreſcat, in <lb></lb>meatibus potiùs id fiet: at ſic lapis mini<lb></lb>mus eſſet. </s> <s id="s.005327">Nec omninò quieſcere poſſet, <lb></lb>donec coaleſcat. </s> <s id="s.005328">In iecore autem manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt generari lapides, quia meatus ſunt <lb></lb>anguſti, & caro denſa. </s> <s id="s.005329">Refertque Georgius <lb></lb>Agricola, prægrandem gallo inuentum, & <lb></lb>magnitudinis incredibilis albus erat, & ruf<lb></lb>fus, & qua parte iecur extuberat fuſcus: <lb></lb>inferiore pumicoſus, vt à gemmæ natura <lb></lb>plurimum abeſſet: longitudo vnciæ, latitu<lb></lb>do digiti, altus ſeſquunciæ. </s> <s id="s.005330">Inueniuntur ta<lb></lb>men in ventriculis gallorum gemmæ, quas <lb></lb>fortuitò deuorarunt: atque hæ ſatis pul<lb></lb>chræ, quoniam à calore ventriculi purgan<lb></lb>tur, & nitorem acquirunt: nam & gemma<lb></lb>rij ſolent margaritas columbis offerre, vt <lb></lb>expoliantur. </s> <s id="s.005331">Quid mirum eſt igitur, diutur<lb></lb>niore mora & calore robuſtiore in ventre <lb></lb>galli puriores gemmas expoliri? </s> <s id="s.005332">Vtrum ve<lb></lb>rò in iecore gemma, dubium eſt: nam calor <lb></lb>auium maior eſt calore quadrupedum, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg763"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humor tenuior. </s> <s id="s.005333">Inueniuntur & in aliis ani<lb></lb>malium partibus lapides, vt in chelis gam<lb></lb>mari nodo ſuperiore, atque ego ſemel re<lb></lb>peri: minorem reperit vnus è noſtris con<lb></lb>tubernalibus: quos ego ambos ſeruo. </s> <s id="s.005334">Colos <lb></lb>ex albo, rubeóque miſtus, leuis ac lenis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005335">Maximi non excedunt granum piſi, imò nec <lb></lb>æquant. </s> <s id="s.005336">Forma milicæ imò (ſi neſcias <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> mili<lb></lb>cam eſſe credas, vt nihil habeat commune <lb></lb>cum lapillis, qui in cancrorum oculis inue<lb></lb>niuntur. </s> <s id="s.005337">Raritas facit, vt augurij loco ſit <lb></lb>illorum inuentio. </s> <s id="s.005338">Quædam etiam ſunt lapi<lb></lb>dibus ſimilia, quæ in animalibus inueniun<lb></lb>tur, nec tamen ſunt lapides, vt ouum bouis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005339">Hoc ſanè in <expan abbr="vẽtriculo">ventriculo</expan> illius inuenitur magni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg764"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tudine anſerini, ferrugineo colore, <expan abbr="leuiſſimũ">leuiſſimum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005340">ac <expan abbr="leniſſimũ">leniſſimum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.005341">Cogitur ex cibi excrementis, & <lb></lb>motu rotunditatem acquirit, pituita cogente. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005342">Vnde ſi frangatur, ex pilis conſtare videtur: <lb></lb>durus eſt pro leuitate tanta. </s> <s id="s.005343">Ita natura ludit, <lb></lb>vt etiam quandoque boues oua pariant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005344"><margin.target id="marg762"></margin.target>Lapis in gal<lb></lb>li iecore.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005345"><margin.target id="marg763"></margin.target>Lapis in che<lb></lb>la gamnari</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005346"><margin.target id="marg764"></margin.target>Ouum in <lb></lb>boue inueni<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005347">Sunt & lapides recepti in numero gem<lb></lb>marum cùm longè abſint, vt Geodes, quem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg765"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ætitem, quòd prægnans ſit, falſo vocant. </s> <s id="s.005348">Fer<lb></lb>rugineus è Galliis, è Cannis in Italia defer<lb></lb>tur pallidus. </s> <s id="s.005349">Tecolithos duplex eſt, quaſi di<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg766"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cas lapidem conſumens, Indicus, & quem <lb></lb>Agricola ſpongiæ lapidem vocat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005350"><margin.target id="marg765"></margin.target>Geodes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005351"><margin.target id="marg766"></margin.target>Tecolithos.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005352">Proxima gemmis <expan abbr="marmorũ">marmorum</expan> eſt gloria, pul-<pb pagenum="473" xlink:href="016/01/122.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg767"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>chritudo, gratia: genera illius nobiliora, <lb></lb>phengiticum, parium, zeblicum, porphy<lb></lb>rites & ophites. </s> <s id="s.005353">Probantur omnia vel vi<lb></lb>tuperantur, colore, nitore, duritie, perſ<lb></lb>picuitate. </s> <s id="s.005354">Phengiticum nitet maximè, ima<lb></lb>ginéſque reddit. </s> <s id="s.005355">Vnde Nero ædem Fortu<lb></lb>næ olim à Seruio Tullio inchoatam, quàm <lb></lb>Setam vocauit, in domo aurea abſoluit, ita <lb></lb>vt intus conſtructa eſſet hoc marmoris ge<lb></lb>nere, lucem ſic excipiente, concluſis vn<lb></lb>dique foribus, vt diuturna claritas ſeruata <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg768"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ibi videretur. </s> <s id="s.005356">Zeblicum in Miſena inueni<lb></lb>tur, quod aduerſus venena prodeſſe credi<lb></lb>tum eſt: an iuuet, neſcio: quòd iuuare <lb></lb>poſſit, certum eſt, quandoquidem molle <lb></lb>admodum ſit: nam ſi ex vaſis è ſeruino cor<lb></lb>nu bibamus, edamuſque, pocula vaſaque <lb></lb>contracta iam mora in illis venenorum <lb></lb>plerumque haud tamen omnium vires he<lb></lb>betabunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg769"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005357"><margin.target id="marg767"></margin.target>Marmorum <lb></lb>genera. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005358">Marmorum <lb></lb>ſigna. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005359">Phenigiti<lb></lb>cum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005360"><margin.target id="marg768"></margin.target>Zeblicum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005361"><margin.target id="marg769"></margin.target>Parium, & <lb></lb>eius ſpecies.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005362">Parij marmoris ſpecies plurimæ ſunt, à <lb></lb>colore differentiam ſumentes. </s> <s id="s.005363">Condidiſſi<lb></lb>mum, quod vbique cernitur in Italia: ci<lb></lb>nereum in Hildesheimio tractu, qui eſt in <lb></lb>Germania: viride, vt in æde B. </s> <s id="s.005364">Ioannis Ba<lb></lb>ptiſtæ Florentiæ. </s> <s id="s.005365">Ferreum, ſuper quo Stol<lb></lb>pa arx Epiſcopi Miſeni fundata eſt: hoc <lb></lb>tantæ duritiei eſt, vt Agricola referat in <lb></lb>Miſena fabros ex eo fabricare incudes: pa<lb></lb>làm verò tenax eſſe oportere, & tenuioris <lb></lb>ac denſioris ſubſtantiæ, itaque etiam gra<lb></lb>ue. </s> <s id="s.005366">Eſt & nigrum ſplendidum, ac nitens, <lb></lb>quo conſtat ſepulchrum Cardinalis Carra<lb></lb>cioli, viri ſingularis probitatis, & præſu<lb></lb>lis prouinciæ noſtræ, in æde noſtra magna, <lb></lb>ad dextram conſtitutum altaris. </s> <s id="s.005367">Eſt & va<lb></lb>rium generis diuerſi, quòd fragile plerun<lb></lb>que eſt, & ſpontè rumpitur, quoniam par<lb></lb>tes in eo quædam crudæ, quædam nimium <lb></lb>exuſtæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.005368">Eſt & ſubruffum marmor. </s> <s id="s.005369">Quid <lb></lb>moror? </s> <s id="s.005370">nullus color marmori conceſſus non <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.005371">Senæ ſuper altari ſeptem ſimul genera <arrow.to.target n="marg770"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>marmoris Parij ( Parium ſic appello, vt æs <lb></lb>Corinthium: nam ab inſula quod pul<lb></lb>chrum eſt valde, ſic ſolet vocari ) viſun<lb></lb>tur: candidum, cinereum, ſubruffum, vi<lb></lb>ride, nigrum, porphyriticum, & ophites. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005372">Eſt autem porphyrites marmor rubeis, ac <lb></lb>quaſi candidis maculis diſtinctum, ſeu po<lb></lb>tiùs rubeum cum maculis internitentibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005373">Sunt ex eo columnæ duæ Mediolani inſi<lb></lb>gnes in æde B. </s> <s id="s.005374">Ambroſij ante altare, nec<lb></lb>non & ſepulchrum B. Dionyſij, quod tranſ<lb></lb>latum eſt ad templum maius vrbis noſtræ <lb></lb>magnitudinis corporis humani, non paruæ <lb></lb>etiam craſſitudinis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg771"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005375"><margin.target id="marg770"></margin.target>Porphyrites.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005376"><margin.target id="marg771"></margin.target>Ophites.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005377">Ophites verò viride eſt, maculis totum <lb></lb>plerunque albis, tum verò alterius coloris <lb></lb>diſtinguitur. </s> <s id="s.005378"><expan abbr="Frequẽtes">Frequentes</expan> vidi ex eo columnas, <lb></lb>tum menſas: ſicut & ex eo alio genere <lb></lb>varij coloris menſa eſt apud Andream Al<arrow.to.target n="marg772"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciatum non mediocris pulchritudinis. </s> <s id="s.005379">Inue<lb></lb>niuntur quandoque in pario formæ conſpi<lb></lb>cuæ venarum varietate ac concurſu, quæ <lb></lb>effigiem picta haut inferiorem referunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005380">Nam præter reliquas in æde Sapientiæ <lb></lb>Conſtantinopoli imago B. </s> <s id="s.005381">Ioannis Baptiſtæ <lb></lb>tergore cameli tecti videtur, quæ abſolu<lb></lb>tiſſima eſt in omnibus, præterquàm quòd <lb></lb>alterum ex pedibus non adeò vt pictura po<lb></lb>teſt, exprimit. </s> <s id="s.005382">Cauſam horum iam diximus <lb></lb>fortuitam eſſe, non propriam. </s> <s id="s.005383">Sunt & mar<lb></lb>morum genera à regione nobilitate, velut <lb></lb>Numidicum: hoc enim cùm ex ſubtiliſſi<lb></lb>ma lachryma conſtet, ob regionis ardorem <lb></lb>ſplendidiſſimum eſt, ac maximè nitens, & <lb></lb>quòd facilè cælari poſſit ob mollitiem, & <lb></lb>æqualitatem. </s> <s id="s.005384">Silex enim & cotes, quia par<lb></lb>tibus conſtant craſſioribus, ideò ſculpi com<lb></lb>modè nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.005385">Itaque & nunc marmor <lb></lb>Numidicum eſt elegantiſſimum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005386"><margin.target id="marg772"></margin.target>Imagines na<lb></lb>turales in <lb></lb>marmore.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005387">E marmorum generibus eſt Alabaſtrum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg773"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>perſpicuum, & plerunque candidum, quo <lb></lb>pyxides pro odoratis vnguentis fiunt, robu<lb></lb>ſtius vitro, metallicis purius: figulinis præ<lb></lb>ſtat, quòd minus combibat, aut remittat <lb></lb>vnguenti, ergo & illius neceſſarius vſus fuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005388">Quòd ex eo perſpicuitatem acquirit aquæ <lb></lb>immerſum, magis combibit ſuccos ac remit<lb></lb>tit, cuius cauſam ſuperiùs diximus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005389"><margin.target id="marg773"></margin.target>Alabaſtrum</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005390">Proximæ marmori cotes: nobiliores ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg774"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>his Lydia & Damaſcena. </s> <s id="s.005391">Lydia nigra, ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia admodum tenui, ſplendens, mira <lb></lb>ſubtilitate refert metallorum colores: quo <lb></lb>auxilio auri & argenti puritatem aurifices <lb></lb>intelligunt: tenuitate quidem ſua detrimen<lb></lb>tum non afferunt, vt liceat millies experi<lb></lb>ri etiam ſine vnius grani iactura: nigredine <lb></lb>autem oſtendunt colorem metalli: nam ni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg775"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gredo colligit nitorem, ac colorem. </s> <s id="s.005392">Cotis <lb></lb>dotes ſunt, celerrimè ſenſim & omnia ab<lb></lb>ſumere, nec abſumi. </s> <s id="s.005393">Ob id Damaſcenæ <lb></lb>præſtantiſſimæ: cùm enim chalibem affri<lb></lb>catæ, quantumuis durum celerrimè abſu<lb></lb>mant, tum ſenſim ipſæ minimè atteruntur, <lb></lb>temporis tamen ſucceſſu & longo attritu, ac <lb></lb>frequenti etiam ipſæ pereunt & abſumun<lb></lb>tur: prauæ, molles, carioſæ, venenoſæ, no<lb></lb>doſæ, aſperæ nimis. </s> <s id="s.005394">E genere cotis lapis eſt <lb></lb>mollis, è quo vaſa fiunt Comi excoquendis <lb></lb>cibis: tener eſt hic, vt poſſit cælari, & ta<lb></lb>men humido lento conſtat, quò fit vt igni<lb></lb>bus diu reſiſtat: cinerei eſt & ſubfuſci co<lb></lb>loris. </s> <s id="s.005395">Omnibus cotibus illud proprium eſt, <lb></lb>ſed præcipuè Lydiæ, vt ſupina parte optimæ <lb></lb>ſint, quia à Sole perficiuntur: peſſimæ pro<lb></lb>na, qua terræ & humori incubant, in la<lb></lb>teribus non parum duriores eſſe ſolent. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005396"><margin.target id="marg774"></margin.target>Cos, & eius <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005397"><margin.target id="marg775"></margin.target>Cotes in qui<lb></lb>bus proban<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005398">Cotis memoria adductus ſum in nauicu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg776"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>læ recordationem. </s> <s id="s.005399">Lapis eſt apud Indos fla<lb></lb>ui coloris, perſpicuus, qui nouaculæ inſtar <lb></lb>ſcindit: par autem eſt vt vitrum, & cryſtal<lb></lb>lum chalibeam nouaculam ob tenuitatem <lb></lb>ſuperare. </s> <s id="s.005400">Sed quod addunt mirum eſt, non <lb></lb>cote, aut mola, alterove lapide, ſed aqua ipſa <lb></lb>acui. </s> <s id="s.005401">Id verò contingit, ob ſubſtantiæ tenui<lb></lb>tatem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005402"><margin.target id="marg776"></margin.target>Lapis inci<lb></lb>dens.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005403">Onyx, eſt forma cuſpidis, potius quàm <lb></lb>gladij, & neque ſatis affabre: ſi omnes ſunt, <lb></lb>quales hi, quos ego vidi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005404">Proximus marmori ac cotibus, craſſiore <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg777"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tamen ſubſtantia, eſt Silex, & ipſe varij ge<lb></lb>neris, tener, durus, tenax, friabilis, grauis, <lb></lb>leuis, ignibus imperuius, & qui celeriter in <lb></lb>cineres tranſit, ſqualens, rubens, coloris <lb></lb>quoque varij. </s> <s id="s.005405">Squamoſus ſilex eſt, imbrium <lb></lb>ac frigoris patiens, liqueſcit plerumque, <lb></lb>demum in cineres vertitur: lapides reliqui <pb pagenum="474" xlink:href="016/01/123.jpg"></pb>vt plurimum tranſeunt in calcem. </s> <s id="s.005406">Norim<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg778"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bergenſis è fodina extractus dureſcit, cum <lb></lb>reliqua eius genera potiùs frangantur. </s> <s id="s.005407">Eſt & <lb></lb>lapis marmori natura ſimilis, quippe quòd <lb></lb>ſectilis ſit, ſed coloris cinerei, & mollitiei <lb></lb>incredibilis, vnde ferra, non ſecus ac li<lb></lb>gnum ſecatur ad opera. </s> <s id="s.005408">Copia eius in regio<lb></lb>ne Veneta. </s> <s id="s.005409">Sed ob coloris obſcuritatem, & <lb></lb>quia nitorem non admittit ad ſilicem refer<lb></lb>ri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.005410">Propria enim omni ſilici ſunt, ſqua<lb></lb>moſum eſſe, nec leue perfectè, vt marmori <lb></lb>nitor, & quòd ſecari poſſit. </s> <s id="s.005411">Huic autem la<lb></lb>pidi pars vna ex vtroque deeſt: non nitet, <lb></lb>ideò marmor non eſt: ſquamis caret, ideò <lb></lb>non eſt ſilex. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg779"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005412"><margin.target id="marg777"></margin.target>Silex & eius <lb></lb>differentiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005413"><margin.target id="marg778"></margin.target>Marmor ſe<lb></lb>ctile.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005414"><margin.target id="marg779"></margin.target>Saxa ſex <lb></lb>generum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005415">Cæterorum lapidum nomen vnum ſaxum <lb></lb>ſit, genera autem ſex: a proprietate vnum <lb></lb>vt magnetis ſumptum: à viribus, vt calamo<lb></lb>chus: à colore, vt amochryſos: pictura vt <lb></lb>alabandicus: forma vt trochites: ignium, vel <lb></lb>aquarum reſiſtentiæ nobilitate, vt magneſia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005416">Igitur à primo genere incipiemus. <arrow.to.target n="marg780"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005417"><margin.target id="marg780"></margin.target>Magnetis <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005418">Magnes, ſeu lapis Herculeus duorum aut <lb></lb>trium generum eſſe videtur: nam ex eo fer<lb></lb>rugineum eſt, & candidum: & quod candi<lb></lb>dum, eſt diſtinctum leuibus, ac tenuibus fer<lb></lb>rugineis venis, quòd tamen fermè vndequa<arrow.to.target n="marg781"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que eſt leue. </s> <s id="s.005419">Ferruginei generis magnes <lb></lb>duas habet primò vires, nullis fermè ſecu<lb></lb>lis incognitas: trahit enim ferrum, & illitum <lb></lb>magnete. </s> <s id="s.005420">ferrum aliud trahit ferum, adeò vt <lb></lb>quandoque contigerit magnetem <expan abbr="quinq;">quinque</expan> aut <lb></lb><expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> plures annulos perpetua ſucceſſione tra<lb></lb>here Poſt ætatem <expan abbr="illã">illam</expan> vetuſtiſſimam Ariſto<lb></lb>telis æuo, ſi quid Alberto credendum eſt, in<lb></lb>notuit magnetis duo eſſe genera, alterum <lb></lb>quod ferrum ad Boream dirigit, reliquum <lb></lb>autem quod ad Auſtrum. </s> <s id="s.005421">Hoc autem modo <lb></lb>res ſe habet. </s> <s id="s.005422">Affricatur magneti ferrum te<lb></lb>nue in cuſpide, inde ſuſpenditur in æquili<lb></lb>brio, tum circumuoluitur ferrum ſpontè, ſi<lb></lb>cut cuſpis Boream, aut Auſtrum reſpiciat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005423">Iam ergo hæc quatuor nota antiquo fuêre <lb></lb>tempore. </s> <s id="s.005424">Sed & illud cognitum eſt Alberti <lb></lb>ætate Magnetis eſſe genus quod vocant <lb></lb>Theamedem, adnatum ipſi Magneti, quòd <lb></lb>abigat ferrum. </s> <s id="s.005425">Sed & illud, quòd à ferro <lb></lb>etiam Magnes trahitur, quodque virtus <lb></lb>eius corpora penetrat, vt interpoſita tabula <lb></lb>etiam ferrum ad ſe alliciat. </s> <s id="s.005426">Ergo plurima, <lb></lb>vt mos eſt, iamdiu fuêre cognita, quæ non <lb></lb>panci noſtro tempore inuenta exiſtimauêre: <lb></lb>nam pyxidis nauticæ rationem cuidam Fla<lb></lb>uio tribuunt, quam conſtat cognitam ſal<lb></lb>tem ante Alberti Magni ætatem. </s> <s id="s.005427">Eius enim <lb></lb>ille meminit non tamen Ariſtoteli pyxidis <lb></lb>vſum notum fuiſſe crediderim. </s> <s id="s.005428">Aut quòd <lb></lb>fetrum ad Boream dirigat, cùm Galenus & <lb></lb><expan abbr="Alexãder">Alexander</expan> Aphrodiſrenſis, qui nullum, naturæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg782"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="miraculũ">miraculum</expan> tametſi leue prętermiſerunt, harum <lb></lb>rerum adeò admirabilium & vtilium haud <lb></lb>meminerint. </s> <s id="s.005429">Conſtat etiam tempore Roma<lb></lb>norum hæc fuiſſe ignota, tot naufragiis ob <lb></lb>hanc cauſam illis ſubeuntibus: vnde non <lb></lb>ſemel attritæ vires, dum aduerſus Pœnos <lb></lb>dimicant, & Octauij claſſis diſiecta ad<lb></lb>uerſus Sex. </s> <s id="s.005430">Pompeium. </s> <s id="s.005431">Ergo iam vires de<lb></lb>nuò ferruginei magnetis aggrediamur, in<lb></lb>de rationes explicemus, initio ab experi<lb></lb>mento facto. </s> <s id="s.005432">Magnes igitur ferrum trahit, <lb></lb>trahit & chalybem. </s> <s id="s.005433">Refert & Hieronymus <lb></lb>Fracaſtoreus vidiſſe quòd <expan abbr="argẽtum">argentum</expan> traheret: <lb></lb>generaliter autem argentum haud quaquam <lb></lb>trahit. </s> <s id="s.005434">Cauſa cur ferrum trahat eſt, quo<lb></lb>niam illius eſt pabulum: nam ( vt dixi ) la<lb></lb>pides viuunt: ob id etiam optimè in ſcobe <lb></lb>ferri ſeruatur. </s> <s id="s.005435">Quid mirum eſt igitur cha<lb></lb>lybem, in quo maxima pars ferrum eſt, <lb></lb>trahi? </s> <s id="s.005436">Sed & ferrum ſi à magnete tangatur <lb></lb>priùs faciliùs trahitur: argentum verò vel <lb></lb>ferri aliquid continuit, vel genus erat aliud <lb></lb>magnetis, de quo, vt mihi incognita, ver<lb></lb>ba facere non decreui. </s> <s id="s.005437">Attamen hoc no<lb></lb>ſtris ſatisfacit principiis, argentum & re<lb></lb>liqua metalla à valido lapide ſi ferri quic<lb></lb>quam contineant, trahi poſſe. </s> <s id="s.005438">Nec ex om<lb></lb>ni parte magnes trahit, ſed vbi cortice <lb></lb>tenui eſt, magiſque vna parte quàm alia, <lb></lb>ferrúmque nitidum potius quàm rubigine <lb></lb>obſitum: Nec, vt fabulantur, allio, cæ<lb></lb>piſve impeditur, multò minus adamante: <lb></lb>niſi forſan adeò leuiter, vt in minimis ſo<lb></lb>lùm ac debilibus depræhendatur, in reliquis <lb></lb>autem ſenſum effugiat. </s> <s id="s.005439">Ferrum verò quod <lb></lb>cum lapide confricatum fuerit, non ſolùm <lb></lb>celeriùs trahitur à magnete, ſed & aliud <lb></lb>ferrum facilius ad ſe trahit, quàm ipſe la<lb></lb>pis. </s> <s id="s.005440">Videtur enim vis magnetis à ferro ro<lb></lb>borari: nam in ſuperficie ferri tenuiores la<lb></lb>pidis partes hærentes ferrum ad ſe alliciunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005441">Sed & ferrum magnum fruſtum magnetis <lb></lb>modicam partem vice verſa trahit ad ſe, <lb></lb>eóque magis ſi ferrum à magnete, & ma<lb></lb>gnes à ferro contacta ſint. </s> <s id="s.005442">Hoc ideò con<lb></lb>tingit, quoniam ferrum magnes, vt pa<lb></lb>bulum deſiderat: qui cùm illud ad ſe tra<lb></lb>here nequeat, ad ipſum mutata vice fer<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.005443">Duas habet partes ex aduerſo poſitas <lb></lb>hic lapis: alteram quæ iacet ad meridiem, <lb></lb>alteram ad Boream. </s> <s id="s.005444">Cùm verò eruitur, vim <lb></lb>eandem ſeruat, vt quemadmodum anima<lb></lb>lia, ad ſitum proprium & naturalem ſpon<lb></lb>tè redeant. </s> <s id="s.005445">Cùm verò ob grauitatem ne<lb></lb>queat ſeipſum mouere, ferro affricatum <lb></lb>mouet illud in æquilibrio poſitum ob faci<lb></lb>litatem: & etiam quoniam principium eſt <lb></lb>quoddam naturale. </s> <s id="s.005446">Nihil ſeipſum mouere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005447">Ergo cùm duæ ſint partes, ferrum quod a <lb></lb>Boreali tangitur, cuſpidem illam ad Bo<lb></lb>ream dirigit: quòd ſi Auſtralem contigant, <lb></lb>ad Auſtrum etiam impellitur, non ad Bo<lb></lb>ream. </s> <s id="s.005448">Falſum eſt igitur, vt in noſtris la<lb></lb>pidibus luce clarius ſpectare licet, Hercu<lb></lb>leum lapidem ferrum ſemper ad Boream <lb></lb>dirigere, quandoquidem pars illius ſit non <lb></lb>parua in ſingulis fruſtis, quæ non minus <lb></lb>ferrum dirigat ad Auſtrum, quàm notiſſi<lb></lb>ma illa ad Boream. </s> <s id="s.005449">Quò fit vt ſerò videan<lb></lb>tur vires eius homines animaduertiſſe. </s> <s id="s.005450">Sed <lb></lb>nec ad vnguem diriguntur partes ad Bo<lb></lb>ream, Auſtrumve, ſed ſingulæ ad locum <lb></lb>quinque partibus cœli diſtantem. </s> <s id="s.005451">Quò ſit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg783"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt in horologiis non eadem ſit linea ſuper <lb></lb>quam ferrum quieſcere debet in pyxide, & <lb></lb>meridie, vbi vmbræ ſignificant horas: <lb></lb>nam linea pyxidis, ſi horologium perfectum <lb></lb>ſit, paululum ad Orientem inflectitur à linea <lb></lb>meridiei. <pb pagenum="475" xlink:href="016/01/124.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg784"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005452"><margin.target id="marg781"></margin.target>Ferrugineus <lb></lb>magnes quas <lb></lb>habeat vi<lb></lb>res. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005453">Lib. 2. Me<lb></lb>tal. </s> <s id="s.005454">tract. 3, <lb></lb>cap.6.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005455"><margin.target id="marg782"></margin.target>Cauſæ no<lb></lb>uem experi<lb></lb>mentorum <lb></lb>ferruginei <lb></lb>magnetis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005456"><margin.target id="marg783"></margin.target>Cur in horo<lb></lb>logiis non <lb></lb>eadem ſit li<lb></lb>nea pyxidis <lb></lb>& meridiei.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005457"><margin.target id="marg784"></margin.target>Horologia, <lb></lb>quæ lineam <lb></lb>meridiei abſ <lb></lb>que pyxide <lb></lb>oſtendunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005458">Nuper verò inuenta ſunt horologia, quæ <lb></lb>abſque pyxide, & horas, & Meridiei lineam <lb></lb>oſtendunt: nam ſupra, ante, & à lateribus, <lb></lb>cùm eandem ſemper horam referant, & di<lb></lb>uerſa ratione, fieri non poteſt, vt alter idem <lb></lb>contingat, quàm cùm ſemper meridiei li<lb></lb>neam media horologij fuerit conſtituta: Ad<lb></lb>mirabile ſanè Germanorum inuentum. </s> <s id="s.005459">At <lb></lb>verò de Herculeo lapide, quod ab Oriente <lb></lb>ad dextram inflectatur, cauſa alia non eſt, <lb></lb>quàm ſitus lapidis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005460">Lapis autem ea parte vires recipit, quo<lb></lb>niam ortum ſtellæ in cauda Vrſæ minoris, <lb></lb>quæ quinque partibus orientalior eſt Polo <lb></lb>mundi, reſpicit. </s> <s id="s.005461">Verùm ratione oppoſita, non <lb></lb>à ſtellis Auſtralibus, ſed ab eadem cauſa Vr<lb></lb>ſæ, ſed ortu ſuo pars in magnate, quæ Au<lb></lb>ſtrum reſpicit, vires acquirit: ita fit, vt lapis <lb></lb>hic contrarius habere vires habeatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005462">Nihil mirum eſt igitur, ortam eſſe <lb></lb>ſuſpicionem Theamedis, quòd ferrum re<lb></lb>pellat, cùm magnes ſit. </s> <s id="s.005463">Res autem ita ſe <lb></lb>habet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005464">Magnetis pars vna ferrum ad Boream, <lb></lb>altera ad Auſtrum (quemadmodum dictum <lb></lb>eſt) impellit: quòd ſi pars quæ ad Auſtrum <lb></lb>dirigitur, ferro quod partem Borealem petit <lb></lb>applicetur, inſita inimicitia illud maiore im<lb></lb>petu propellit à ſe, quàm ferrum ad Auſtrum <lb></lb>tendens trahat: & rurſus pars Magnetis, quæ <lb></lb>Boream reſpicit, applicata ferro ea parte qua <lb></lb>Magnetem ad Auſtrum tendentem tetigit à <lb></lb>ſe repellit. </s> <s id="s.005465">Simile ferrum, atque ad eandem <lb></lb>partem tendens ad ſe trahit vehementer, <lb></lb>Magnetis expers ferrum mediocriter. </s> <s id="s.005466">Cauſa <lb></lb>huius luce ipſa clarior eſt: nam diſſimilia re<lb></lb>pelluntur, ſimilia trahuntur. </s> <s id="s.005467">Itaque non iam <lb></lb>ferrum abigitur ab vllo lapide Herculeo, <lb></lb>ſed vt particeps contrariæ qualitatis, aut <lb></lb>quoniam cuſpis alterius lateris ſimili ma<lb></lb>gnete contacta eſt: vnde dum illa trahitur, <lb></lb>reliqua fugatur. </s> <s id="s.005468">Ergo ſi ferri vtraque cuſpis <lb></lb>à Boreali parte tangatur, vtraque ab Auſtra<lb></lb>li repelletur, quaſi totum ferrum propellat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005469">Sunt qui affirment, partem in eo lapide eſſe, <lb></lb>quæ ad Orientem, & aliam quæ rurſus ad <lb></lb>Occidentem ferrum impellat: de quo nihil <lb></lb>certi afferre poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.005470">Verùm ſimili ratione <lb></lb>qua ferrum à magnete, aut trahitur, aut im<lb></lb>pellitur, ſimili etiam ratione à ferro, cui ma<lb></lb>gnes contactu inhæſerit, ferrum aliud, aut <lb></lb>trahitur, aut impellitur. </s> <s id="s.005471">Dico cuſpis ferri <lb></lb>magnetis parte Auſtrali illita, ferro fixo cuſ<lb></lb>pidem aliam à ſe propellit, quæ in æquili<lb></lb>brio poſita <expan abbr="Borealẽ">Borealem</expan> partem magnetis conti<lb></lb>gerit. </s> <s id="s.005472">Atque eadem ratione magnetis fruſtu<lb></lb>la à magnete trahuntur, cùm vires ferri ma<lb></lb>gnes, aut illius fruſta combiberint. </s> <s id="s.005473">Itaque <lb></lb>non magnes magnetem trahit, ſed ferrum <lb></lb>magneti hærens occultè. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005474">Accedit his tot præclaris partibus, quòd <lb></lb>magnes ſub tabula poſitus, ferrum ſuper ta<lb></lb>bulam in æquilibrio poſitum, quanquam <lb></lb>interpoſita tabula, celerrimè circumagit, non <lb></lb>ſine leui aſtantium admiratione. </s> <s id="s.005475">Vnde peluis <lb></lb>lignea aqua plena ſuperponitur tabulæ, in <lb></lb>ea nauicula collocatur, tenuiſſimis tabellis <lb></lb>compaginata, ſine ferro, ſed glutine tantùm: <lb></lb>in prora muliercula formoſa flexa remo na<lb></lb>uiculam agens, ita vt illius nauiculæ motu <lb></lb>remus moueatur, & cùm eo mulieris imago: <lb></lb>ſub pede poſtremo mulieris clauiculus lato <arrow.to.target n="marg785"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>capite, cuius pars illa latior, pileus vocata, <lb></lb>promineat è tabula, ſic figatur, vt lateat ſub <lb></lb>prora, nec tamen aquam tangat: optimi tan<lb></lb>dem magnetis fruſtulum capiti virgæ lineæ <lb></lb>ex abiete, vel cornu inſeratur, qua circumdu<lb></lb>catur lapis ipſe ſub tabula poſitus, atque ſic <lb></lb>ſuppoſito magnete claui capiti producetur <lb></lb>nauis lapidis motu quocunque voles, vide<lb></lb>bitúrque his qui virgam non poſſunt conſ<lb></lb>picere imago illa quaſi animata, nauim quo<lb></lb>cunque velis circumagere, ac ducere, audien<lb></lb>ti quidem ac remiganti ſimilis: non igitur <lb></lb>materia ipſa tranſit, ſed aliquid ſpiritui ſi<lb></lb>mile: nam tabula impediret motum, cùm cor<lb></lb>pora ſe inuicem nequeant penetrare. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005476"><margin.target id="marg785"></margin.target>Statua quæ <lb></lb>quolibet fer<lb></lb>ri videtur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005477">Simili ratione Dæmon reſponſa dabit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg786"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Fit ſtatua parua ex orichalcho coronati viri, <lb></lb>aurea veſte, cùm cornibus in capite, facie, <lb></lb>pedibus ac manibus nigris, pedes ac manus <lb></lb>gryphis. </s> <s id="s.005478">Huic imagini ſceptrum ex ferro <lb></lb>diligenter inaurato, ac viribus magnetis im<lb></lb>buto, in dextra manu collocetur. </s> <s id="s.005479">Sedeat ima<lb></lb>go hæc ſuper ſolio ex ære ſplendenti, aut cæ<lb></lb>ruleo. </s> <s id="s.005480">Toti fabricæ vitrum in forma colum<lb></lb>næ circumponatur, vt quandoque tale in <lb></lb>manibus habuerim ſolidum, vel ſi placet <lb></lb>inane & ſolum ſolio vitrum iungatur. </s> <s id="s.005481">Inde <lb></lb>ſuſpendatur machina tenui filo ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum, vt pro arbitrio poſſit circumuolui. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005482">Deinde in cacumine elegantis virgæ con<lb></lb>ſtituto occultè fruſto magnetis virga mota <lb></lb>ad partes interrogetur imago. </s> <s id="s.005483">Pulchræ virgæ <lb></lb>ignotæ notæ, ac characteres tum figuræ <lb></lb>adiiciuntur. </s> <s id="s.005484">Poteſt & magnes annulo aureo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg787"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>abſcondi. </s> <s id="s.005485">Eodem exemplo ſtatuam ſuper al<lb></lb>tare collocabimus è leuiſſima materia, atque <lb></lb>in ea ferrum magnetæ imbutum, lapis au<lb></lb>tem magnes ea parte muri collocetur, vt cùm <lb></lb>ferrum illum reſpiciat facies imaginis con<lb></lb>uertatur ac ſacrificium. </s> <s id="s.005486">Veriſimile autem eſt <lb></lb>talibus technis, nondum hominibus adeò <lb></lb>ſolertibus, ſacerdotes antiquos plebi ignaræ <lb></lb>ſæpius illuſiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005487"><margin.target id="marg786"></margin.target>Dæmon vt <lb></lb>reſponſum <lb></lb>dare videa<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005488"><margin.target id="marg787"></margin.target>Statua ſem<lb></lb>per <expan abbr="reſpiciẽs">reſpiciens</expan> <lb></lb>ſacrificium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005489">Succedit ferrugineo magneti candidus, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg788"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>creagus, quaſi ſi carnem ducens: experimen<lb></lb>tum eſt quòd labiis hæret leuis, & venis <lb></lb>quibuſdam diſtinctus, rarus etſi, tamen <lb></lb>etiam nunc inuenitur, cùm nihil voluerit <lb></lb>nobis natura occultum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.005490">Trahitur for<lb></lb>ſan ſiccus ab humido, hærétque labiis, <lb></lb>non alia ratione quàm feſtucæ ſolent ſuc<lb></lb>cino. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005491"><margin.target id="marg788"></margin.target>Magnes car<lb></lb>neus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005492">Non abſimilis huic videtur magnes alius, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg789"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cuius ego experimentum tale vidi. </s> <s id="s.005493">Attule<lb></lb>rat Laurentius Guaſcus Cheraſcius, prouin<lb></lb>ciæ Turonenſis medicus empiricus, his die<lb></lb>bus hunc lapidem, pollicebatúrque poſſe, ſi <lb></lb>vel ſtylum, aut acum tangeret, carnem to<lb></lb>tam abſque vllo dolore penetrare: quòd cùm <lb></lb>nobis, vt par eſt, ridiculum videretur, rem <lb></lb>experimento in meis contubernalibus con<lb></lb>firmauit. </s> <s id="s.005494">Ego tandem, vt tam incredibilis rei <lb></lb>periculum facerem, acum ipſam priùs lapidi <lb></lb>affricatam cuti adiutorij brachij inutili, ſen<lb></lb>ſique primò leuiſſimam punctionis imagi<lb></lb>nem: pòſt cùm totum muſculum quaſi di<lb></lb>rectà penetraret: acum quidem in profun<lb></lb>dum, quà pererrabat penetrare ſentiebam, <pb pagenum="476" xlink:href="016/01/125.jpg"></pb>dolorem nullum penitùs ſenſi: túncque fa<lb></lb>miliaribus, quod in me fueram, expertus <lb></lb>credidi. </s> <s id="s.005495">Dimiſi verò longo ſpatio flectens <lb></lb>vndique brachium, nec quicquam mole<lb></lb>ftum ſenſi, nec detracto effluxit ſanguis: nec <lb></lb>foramen vllum relictum eſt: quandoque ſe<lb></lb>miguttula leuis cruoris, non autem ſangui<lb></lb>nis, effluit, qua veſtigium vulneris deprehen<lb></lb>ditur. </s> <s id="s.005496">Nec qui autor rei huius erat, loco ner<lb></lb>uorum, aut venarum obſeruari volebat, vt <lb></lb>planè intelligeremus vim lapidi ineſſe. </s> <s id="s.005497">La<lb></lb>pis faba parua minor fuit, candidus, buxeúſ<lb></lb>que potiùs, quàm candidus, venis ferrugi<lb></lb>neis diſtinctus, lenis admodum ac leuis, vt <lb></lb>totus pondus granorum 13. tritici impleret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005498">Ipſa verò acus, quam ei obtuleram, confri<lb></lb>cata, etſi duriſſima eſſet, vt priùs, adeò ta<lb></lb>men apparebat lenis, vt non ampliùs ferri <lb></lb>naturam retinere videretur. </s> <s id="s.005499">Ergo cùm con<lb></lb>ſiderarem, tria mihi occurrebant. </s> <s id="s.005500">Primùm, <lb></lb>vt non arcus ingrederetur, ſed permutata <lb></lb>ſimilitudine cum noſtra aliam obtuliſſet, <lb></lb>quæ in ſe rediret, artificio non difficili, ſed <lb></lb>huic obſtabat, quòd acum ima penetrare <lb></lb>ſentiebamus: & dum extraheretur, magno <lb></lb>labore opus fuit. </s> <s id="s.005501">Secundum, quòd cum ſub <lb></lb>cute ſit pinguedo inter cutem, & carneam <lb></lb>membranam, inducta acu inter membra<lb></lb>nam, & cutem per ipſam pinguedinem, ſit <lb></lb>introitus ſine dolore eſſet. </s> <s id="s.005502">Sed enim huic <lb></lb>rationi ſubſcribere poterat, quòd acum in <lb></lb>ſummitate paululum inflexerat, ſeu dum la<lb></lb>pidi affricat, ſeu dum in muſculum per vim <lb></lb>immittit. </s> <s id="s.005503">Verùm ratio hæc haud ſatisfacit, <lb></lb>propter multa. </s> <s id="s.005504">Primùm, quòd ſenſu perci<lb></lb>piebamus vſque ad os penetraſſe. </s> <s id="s.005505">Secun<lb></lb>dùm, quòd ſummitas, quæ prominebat ex<lb></lb>tra carnem, angulum fermè rectum conſti<lb></lb>tuebat, vt ratio mathematica non pateretur <lb></lb>ſtante acu tota recta, niſi in ſummitate, at<lb></lb>que ibidem etiam paululum flexa, non mul<lb></lb>tum, ſitum habere cuti ipſi fermè æquidi<lb></lb>ſtantem: accedit, quòd acus ſub cute iuxta <lb></lb>foramen relucebat, nigræque virgulæ for<lb></lb>mam referebat. </s> <s id="s.005506">Quòd ſi tota adhæſiſſet cuti, <lb></lb>nigra illa virgula acus longitudini fermè <lb></lb>fuiſſet coæqualis. </s> <s id="s.005507">Vltimò adiiciatur, quòd <lb></lb>curuitas illa vix potuiſſet ſine læſione cutis <lb></lb>aut membranæ carneæ penetrare, tum præ<lb></lb>cipuè, quòd hanc operationem cuicunque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg790"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>libuiſſet demandabat. </s> <s id="s.005508">Ergo ad tertium in<lb></lb>uentum confugi, quo pueri vti ſolent, ſcili<lb></lb>cet cùm cutim abſque dolore digitis com<lb></lb>prehenſam brachij perforant acu, & car<lb></lb>neam auris prominentiam inferiorem prius <lb></lb>attritam digitis. </s> <s id="s.005509">Attritione ipſa quatuor vi<lb></lb>dentur commoda haberi ad dolorem leuan<lb></lb>dum: raritas partis, per quam abſque dolore <lb></lb>acus præterlabitur: caliditas, quæ dolorem <lb></lb>non permittit ſentiri: vnde calida omnia <lb></lb>acopa: & quoniam dolor, qui atterendo ſuſ<lb></lb>citatur, dolorem punctionis leuat. </s> <s id="s.005510">Scriptum <lb></lb>eſt enim, duorum dolorum, qui ſecundùm <lb></lb>eandem partem fiunt, maior minorem obſ<lb></lb>curat. </s> <s id="s.005511">Sed hoc non ſolum contingit, verum <lb></lb>& minor maiorem, cum non ex eodem fue<lb></lb>rint genere. </s> <s id="s.005512">Denique è parte illa, quæ magis <lb></lb>ſentit, & eſt neruus, attritione ſpiritus exclu<lb></lb>ditur, ſicque pars ea ſenſu carere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.005513">Sed <lb></lb>tamen in priore experimento cutis ipſa ne<lb></lb>que atterebatur, imò paululum ſenſu dolo<lb></lb>ris retinebat, neque in ſummo hæſit acus, ſed <lb></lb>muſculum tranſgreſſa eſt. </s> <s id="s.005514">Quid ergo? </s> <s id="s.005515">aliò <lb></lb>ducenda ratio. </s> <s id="s.005516">Docet experimentum, ſepo <lb></lb>illitam acum dolorem penetrando non ex<lb></lb>citare, aut leuem: an forſan in lapide illo vis <lb></lb>erat pinguior, aut adeò frigida, quæ ſenſum <lb></lb>omnem ac ſanguinis fluxum prohiberet? <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg791"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>an illud proprium omninò huic lapidi, ve<lb></lb>lut & ferrugineo, quod ferrum (vt dixi) ad <lb></lb>eas partes, quæ iuxta polos ſunt, dirigatur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005517">an forſan præcantationi locus. </s> <s id="s.005518">Sed quis dicat <lb></lb>hoc commento quantum lucri liceat facere? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005519">aut quis poſſit excogitare? </s> <s id="s.005520">Multa hîc narra<lb></lb>mus, quæ parua videntur, & tamen ſi ad <lb></lb>vſum humanum conuertantur, magnam af<lb></lb>ferent vtilitatem, pleraque verò turpe lu<lb></lb>crum. </s> <s id="s.005521">Eadem arma ſunt pro tuenda patria, <lb></lb>& quibus latrones vtuntur ad peregrinos <lb></lb>occidendos. </s> <s id="s.005522">Nam quis non diceret, non tan<lb></lb>ti eſſe habere fundum quingentorum iuge<lb></lb>rum, imò neque mille, quanti eſt ſcire hanc <lb></lb>technam? </s> <s id="s.005523">Idque oſtendit Alexander Vero<lb></lb>nenſis nuper Mediolani. </s> <s id="s.005524">Nam vulneratis <lb></lb>ferro hac arte præſtigioſo ſeruis, tum pue<lb></lb>ris & tota pectoris carne transfoſſa, tum <lb></lb>verò coxis, illíſque vulnere perterritis, ac <lb></lb>nec cogitantibus, quod non dolerent (erant <lb></lb>autem vulnera non ex acu, ſed gladiis præ<lb></lb>grandibus) oleo impoſito, quod vel modi<lb></lb>cum ſarcocollæ, aut thuris, aut aloës, aut al<lb></lb>terius cuiuſpiam rei, quæ oleum non eſſe <lb></lb>ſimplex oſtenderet, ſtatim ſanabantur. </s> <s id="s.005525">Sa<lb></lb>nabantur autem (vt dixi) ob vulneris præſti<lb></lb>gioſi naturam: & cùm nihil conferret oleum, <lb></lb>omnis tamen vis ſanationis in ipſum con<lb></lb>ferebatur. </s> <s id="s.005526">Quamobrem tanti vendebatur, <lb></lb>quanti ille licitator æſtimaret. </s> <s id="s.005527">Facilè eſſet <lb></lb>hoc vel naſuto cuique perſuadere, has præ<lb></lb>ſtigias ac <expan abbr="venefaciã">venefaciam</expan> ignoranti, quòd oleo illi <lb></lb>tam repentè perſanarentur. </s> <s id="s.005528">Addebat in tam <lb></lb>procliui mortalium lapſu alias vires, vtpo<lb></lb>te ſedandi dolores, comitialem morbum de<lb></lb>pellendi, vermes occidendi, finiendi febres, <lb></lb>quæ tum fides ipſa, tum caſus, tum impoſi<lb></lb>ta illa medicamenta iuuabant. </s> <s id="s.005529">Amara enim <lb></lb>pleraque & odorata multos poſſunt finire <lb></lb>dolores, flatus diſcutere, coctionem iuuare, <lb></lb>vermes occidere, ſoluere lentas febres, & <lb></lb>comitialibus prodeſſe: hæc enim omnia in <lb></lb>humore pituitoſo, vt plurimùm, ſedem ha<lb></lb>bent. </s> <s id="s.005530">Itaque medicamentoſum hoc oleum, <lb></lb>omnium opinione erat. </s> <s id="s.005531">Tantum verò ex eo <lb></lb>vendebatur, & tanti æſtimabatur, vt ſenos <lb></lb>fermè aureos circulator ille indies collige<lb></lb>ret, præter id, quód ad ægros curandos non <lb></lb>ſecus ac medicus quiſpiam famoſiſſimus vo<lb></lb>cabatur. </s> <s id="s.005532">Indutus purpura, aſturcono gene<lb></lb>roſo, multis comitatus famulis, ſycophantiæ <lb></lb>fidem faciens, & lucri exuberantis terras <lb></lb>circuibat. </s> <s id="s.005533">Neque minore potuiſſet tantum <lb></lb>impenſæ ferræ. </s> <s id="s.005534">At egregium illud oleum <lb></lb>vulneribus aliis adhibitum cum ille abeſſet, <lb></lb>prodebat dolum, nihilo aut certè valdè pa<lb></lb>rum melius oleo puro oliuarum: nam & pu<lb></lb>rum oleum, vt aliàs docuimus, vulnera re<lb></lb>centia ſanare poteſt, quoniam (vt anteà di<lb></lb>ximus) non putreſcit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005535"><margin.target id="marg789"></margin.target>Magnes alius <lb></lb>carneus miræ <lb></lb>virtutis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005536"><margin.target id="marg790"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>auris abſque <lb></lb>dolore perfo<lb></lb>retur, & cu<lb></lb>tis, & cauſa <lb></lb>huius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005537"><margin.target id="marg791"></margin.target>Fraus maxi<lb></lb>mi quæſtus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005538">Sed iam de his ſatis dictum eſt, quemad<lb></lb>modum & de cauſis lapidis Herculei, quibus <pb pagenum="477" xlink:href="016/01/126.jpg"></pb>ad boream ferrum dirigit, vel ad auſtrum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005539">Relinquere etiam aliquas dubitationes po<lb></lb>ſteris licet. </s> <s id="s.005540">Nunc ad ferrugineum magnetem <lb></lb>oratio ipſa retrahatur. </s> <s id="s.005541">Naſcitur in Hiſpania <lb></lb>& Ilua etiam inſula, quæ inter Cyrnum ſeu <lb></lb>Corſicam, atque Italiam iacet. </s> <s id="s.005542">Elba nunc <lb></lb>dicitur, pluribúſque aliis regionibus: ſed <lb></lb>propinquioribus adduximus, vt manifeſti <lb></lb>erroris arguantur, qui ob regiones ipſas, in <lb></lb>quibus oritur ferrum, dirigi putant: neque <lb></lb>enim regiones ipſæ vbi oritur hic lapis, re<lb></lb>ſpiciunt oras eas, quas ferrum magnete illi<lb></lb>tum, neque vna eſt tantùm regio, quæ illum <lb></lb>ferat. </s> <s id="s.005543">Eſt & ſubſtantia ferro ac pondere ſi<lb></lb>milis, vt maſculus quaſi dicatur. </s> <s id="s.005544">Porrò in <lb></lb>his, quæ ſenſu prædita ſunt, maſculus ad fœ<lb></lb>minam mouetur: ſenſu enim trahitur. </s> <s id="s.005545">In his <lb></lb>quæ ſenſu carent, fœmina à maſculo trahi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.005546">Ob id igitur ferrum à magnete trahitur <lb></lb>ac rapitur: mutuò tamen (vt dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> feruntur <lb></lb>alterum ad alterum. </s> <s id="s.005547">Sed cur nullum aliud <lb></lb>metallum à lapide vllo alio trahitur? </s> <s id="s.005548">quo<lb></lb>niam nullum metallum adeò frigidum eſt, <lb></lb>quemadmodum ferrum, neque forſan om<lb></lb>ninò eſſe non poteſt, vt metalla alia ab aliis <lb></lb>trahantur lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.005549">Viribus celebrantur, <lb></lb>ſarcophagus, calamochus, halcyonium, pu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg792"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mex, ſmiris, tripolis. </s> <s id="s.005550">Sarcophagus quaſi car<lb></lb>nes edens, leuis, candidus, ſubcinereus, fria<lb></lb>bilis, in cuius ſuperficie ſumma velut ferina <lb></lb>quædem leuis reſidet, in imo autem at<lb></lb>que intus vt venæ luteæ. </s> <s id="s.005551">Ex hoc antiqui ſe<lb></lb>pulchra faciebant, quòd in quadraginta <lb></lb>diebus corpora ipſa præter dentes abſume<lb></lb>rentur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005552"><margin.target id="marg792"></margin.target>Sarcophagus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005553">Eadem verò ratione calx viua in cryptas <lb></lb>concameratas iniecta, ſuperfuſa aqua, ſi in <lb></lb>ea cadauera ſepeliantur, exedi ſolent, tum <lb></lb>verò à cadmia cum terra mixta: immodicè <lb></lb>enim omne tenue atque ſiccum, & quod vre<lb></lb>re poteſt, abſumit, non ſolùm carnes mor<lb></lb>tuorum, ſed etiam oſſa: atque non ſolum mor<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg793"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tuorum, ſed etiam viuentium: vnde fit eſcha<lb></lb>roticum abſque dolore, facilè quod autem <lb></lb>pertundit in horis 24. Si ſana eſt cutis, ipſum <lb></lb>ſolum corio circumdatum imponitur: ſin au<lb></lb>tem ſanies, vt in ſuppurationibus ſubeſt, lo<lb></lb>cus aceto acerrimo lauatur. </s> <s id="s.005554">Conſtat medi<lb></lb>camentum è tenore ſapone, & calce viua <lb></lb>tenuiſſimè miſtis, adeò vt in vnguenti mol<lb></lb>lis formam tranſeat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005555"><margin.target id="marg793"></margin.target><expan abbr="Eſcharoticũ">Eſcharoticum</expan> <lb></lb>ſine dolore.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005556">Ergo eadem ratione ſarcophagus confert, <lb></lb>ſi quid aliud doloribus podagricorum, hu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg794"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mores extenuando. </s> <s id="s.005557">Sed & acetum verum <lb></lb>quantò acrius, eò magis vt dolore, ita & ſen<lb></lb>ſu priuat: nam euocant hæc quod intus eſt, <lb></lb>& attenuat, & diſſoluit: ideò ſtrenuè ſiccat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg795"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Calamochus ſeu adarces, harundinum ſpu<lb></lb>ma, in humidis ac paluſtribus locis circa ha<lb></lb>rundines, & cremia naſcitur, in ſiccitati<lb></lb>bus ſapore ſubſalſo, viribus ſarcophago <lb></lb>non abſimilis. </s> <s id="s.005558">Colos alij lapidis, fora<lb></lb>minibus plenus, calidiſſimus eſt, & acer<lb></lb>rimus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg796"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005559"><margin.target id="marg794"></margin.target><expan abbr="Podagricorũ">Podagricorum</expan> <lb></lb>doloribus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005560"><margin.target id="marg795"></margin.target>Calamochus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005561"><margin.target id="marg796"></margin.target>Halcyo<lb></lb>nium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005562">Huic ſimile viribus, & forma ferè quod <lb></lb>vocatur halcyonium, id eſt, maris ſpuma: & <lb></lb>eſt copioſum, at in vſu. </s> <s id="s.005563">Videtur autem à ni<lb></lb>do auium deductum nomen, de quo dicemus <lb></lb>inferius. </s> <s id="s.005564">Sed non ſolùm nidum verùm maris <lb></lb>recrementum quoddam vile hoc nomine <lb></lb>appellamus: & vt in vniuerſum dicam, Hal<lb></lb>cyonium homonymum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005565">Pumicem conſtat eſſe genus lapidis mol<arrow.to.target n="marg797"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lioris, igne ſulphureo exuſti, ac per auras de<lb></lb>lati. </s> <s id="s.005566">Prohibere dicitur muſtum ne ferueat, <lb></lb>& præſumptum ebrietatem, ſed non abſque <lb></lb>iactura vehementi. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005567"><margin.target id="marg797"></margin.target>Pumex.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005568">Smiris è genere eſt lapidum Oſtracoſo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg798"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum: atterit ænea rota, gemmas pleraſque, & <lb></lb>dentes mundat fricando. </s> <s id="s.005569">Porrò lapide, & <lb></lb>fragmentis Obſidianæ cælabant gemmas <lb></lb>Romani. </s> <s id="s.005570">Quòd ſi non ſit Smiris Potus lapis, <lb></lb>ignotum illis eum fuiſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.005571">Te<lb></lb>nuium partium ac denſarum, ſolidæque ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ eſt Smiris, adeò vt ferrum poliat & <lb></lb>exacuat: nitorémque illi, & chalybi addit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005572">Nitor enim fit deraſa ſuperficie, donec <lb></lb>æqualis ac denſa reddatur. </s> <s id="s.005573">Quamobrem <lb></lb>quædam nitent, quædam non. </s> <s id="s.005574">Nitent quæ<lb></lb>cunque dura, ac vt magis, & denſa. </s> <s id="s.005575">Itaque <lb></lb>lapilli pretioſi magis metallis, & metalla li<lb></lb>gnis. </s> <s id="s.005576">Et inter lapides adamas, quòd ſit duriſ<lb></lb>ſimus: inter metalla aurum, quòd ſit denſiſ<lb></lb>ſimum: inter ligna ebenus, inter oſſa ebur, <lb></lb>inter cornua buffali, eiſdem rationibus, & <lb></lb>quæcunque his erunt denſiora ac duriora, <lb></lb>magis ſplendebunt. </s> <s id="s.005577">Additur ergo ſplendor <lb></lb>polita ſuperficie, auróque ilito, quod aurum <lb></lb>quantumuis tenue ſit, ſit ſemper denſiſſi<lb></lb>mum. </s> <s id="s.005578">Quæ verò expoliunt, dura omnia at<lb></lb>que æqualia ſunt: quod verò æquale eſt, <lb></lb>idem tenue, vel ex tenuibus. </s> <s id="s.005579">Quamobrem <lb></lb>exactiùs expolit ſmiride tripolis: hæc gleba <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg799"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ferruginea eſt croceo proximior, aut ſi vis <lb></lb>tener lapis: non ob duritiem, ſed ob tenui<lb></lb>tatem ſubſtantiæ. </s> <s id="s.005580">Multa autem videntur in <lb></lb>his molliora, cùm dura ſint. </s> <s id="s.005581">Quædam ex <lb></lb>mollibus dura conſtant tenaci glutino, vt ſi<lb></lb>lex: alia ex duris mollia, vt tripolis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005582"><margin.target id="marg798"></margin.target>Smiris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005583"><margin.target id="marg799"></margin.target>Tripolis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005584">Fit & tartarum ex vini fæce, quod in de<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg800"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tergendo compar non habet: ob id ſordida, <lb></lb>& duris nata locis, & carnis excreſcentia <lb></lb>purgat, ac viuam carnem oſtendit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005585"><margin.target id="marg800"></margin.target>Tartarum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005586">Gypſum terra candida, tenax, leuis, fin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg801"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gendis operibus idonea, glutinans vlcera, & <lb></lb>illius flos à pluribus talchum vocatur. </s> <s id="s.005587">Sunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg802"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui talchum lapidem alium a ſpeculari eſſe <lb></lb>velint. </s> <s id="s.005588">Quicquid ſit talchum, eſt ſimile vitro <lb></lb>ſquamoſum, & perſpicuum, ac quaſi ſpecu<lb></lb>lare. </s> <s id="s.005589">Epotum talchum vnius auellanæ pon<lb></lb>dere, difficultati inteſtinorum mirum in <lb></lb>modum prodeſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005590"><margin.target id="marg801"></margin.target>Gypſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005591"><margin.target id="marg802"></margin.target>Talchum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005592">Ex eodem genere lapis eſſe videtur cru<lb></lb>ſtaceus, coloris nigri, aureis diſtinctus vęnis, <lb></lb>ex quo tabulæ fiunt, quæ ex Norimberga <lb></lb>deferuntur. </s> <s id="s.005593">Forma lapides inſignes ſunt abſ<lb></lb>que numero. </s> <s id="s.005594">Cauſa varietatis ea, quæ in <lb></lb>herbis atque arboribus dicetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005595">Trochites ſtriatus in plano: & in plani <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg803"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>medio punctus eſt, ex quo diriguntur ſtriæ: <lb></lb>ſed planum illud leui tympano circumanbi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.005596">In aceto poſitus non ſecùs ac Aſtroites <lb></lb>mouetur ſpontè. </s> <s id="s.005597">Entrochos verò ex multis <lb></lb>Trochitis componitur: éſtque vis eius qua<lb></lb>lis partium ex quibus conſtat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005598"><margin.target id="marg803"></margin.target>Trochites.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005599">Pentacrinos quinque lilia refert, ſtria<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg804"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tus lapis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005600"><margin.target id="marg804"></margin.target>Pentacrines.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005601">Encrinos è pluribus conſtat Pentachrinis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg805"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ruber lapis, nigro adnaſcens. </s> <s id="s.005602">Sic Belenites <lb></lb>forma eſt ſagittæ, rimam habens intùs <pb pagenum="478" xlink:href="016/01/127.jpg"></pb>ſecundùm longitudinem: alium continet la<lb></lb>pidem, qui aurea ei iungitur armatura. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005603">Cúmque ex his quidam paleas trahant, fru<lb></lb>ſtra creditum eſt Lyncurios eſſe, cùm his naſ<lb></lb>cantur locis, quibus procul ſunt Lynces. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg806"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005604"><margin.target id="marg805"></margin.target>Encrinos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005605">Belenites.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005606"><margin.target id="marg806"></margin.target>Conchites.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005607">Conchites conchæ ſimilitudine, liris in<lb></lb>curuis, atque aurea decorus armatura. </s> <s id="s.005608">Eſt <lb></lb>& aliud Conchitis genus, marmoríſque ſpe<lb></lb>cies, candida, mollitia, in qua conchyliorum <lb></lb>teſtæ ſemper inueniri ſolent: olim nullibi <lb></lb>niſi apud Megaram vrbem, teſte Pauſania. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005609">Atque hoc certum indicium, perfuſam an<lb></lb>teà mari regionem illam. </s> <s id="s.005610">Nam conchylio<lb></lb>rum teſtæ cùm diuturnæ ſint, inter lapides <lb></lb>ac ſub terra multis in locis lapideſcunt, for<lb></lb>ma retenta, ſubſtantia verò mutata. </s> <s id="s.005611">Cur ve<lb></lb>rò armaturis plerique muniantur aureis vel <lb></lb>argenteis, cauſa eſt materia ſalſedinis mini<lb></lb>mè expers: nitet enim ſal: & ex pura qua<lb></lb>dam parte conſtant. </s> <s id="s.005612">Quæ verò ex conchiliis <lb></lb>fiunt, è ſalſa quadam parte conſtant: hæc ex<lb></lb>terius eiecta, immenſo loci frigore armatu<lb></lb>ram conficit, quoniam aquea pars ſplendet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005613">Quoniam verò aqueum benè immiſtum eſt <lb></lb>terreo tenui, non abſumitur. </s> <s id="s.005614">Sunt verò ho<lb></lb>rum quædam ſagacis naturæ, & certum fi<lb></lb>nem ſpectantis, quædam perennis mundi <arrow.to.target n="marg807"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>argenta. </s> <s id="s.005615">Oſtracis verò oſtreis ſimilis, vt ſpe<lb></lb>cularis foditur. </s> <s id="s.005616">Sic onychites odoratis vn<lb></lb>guibus forma haud abſimilis. </s> <s id="s.005617">Et Ctenites in <lb></lb>pectinis effigiem ſtriatus. </s> <s id="s.005618">Strombites verò <lb></lb>in cochleæ formam turbinatus, atque in <lb></lb>acutum tendens. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg808"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005619"><margin.target id="marg807"></margin.target>Oſtracis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005620">Onychites. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005621">Ctenites <lb></lb>Strumbites.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005622"><margin.target id="marg808"></margin.target>Porphoroi<lb></lb>des. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005623">Myites. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005624">Rhonbytes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005625">Porphyroides cinerei coloris, aculeis, pur<lb></lb>pureis inſtar armaturæ clauis ſcatens. </s> <s id="s.005626">Myi<lb></lb>tes muſculo ſimilis eſt, extremis tenuioribus, <lb></lb>medio tumens. </s> <s id="s.005627">At rhombites duorum eſt <lb></lb>generum: alius ſquamis conſtat rhombi ſi<lb></lb>militudinem habentibus, à quibus nomen <lb></lb>accepit, hic candidus eſt: alius habet cylin<lb></lb>dri compreſſi figuram, verùm ſtriatus infrà, <lb></lb>ſupráque, adeò vt rhombi figuram refe<lb></lb>rant. <arrow.to.target n="marg809"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005628"><margin.target id="marg809"></margin.target>Pentagonus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005629">Hexagonus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005630">Pentagonus, hexagonúſque marginem <lb></lb>habent, & in medio planitiem vt fritillus, <lb></lb>in qua punctus eſt, à quo vt in trochitis ra<lb></lb>diis vſque ad extrema deferuntur. </s> <s id="s.005631">Omnes <lb></lb>hos Hildesheimius Saxoniæ tractus mittit, <lb></lb>detulítque ad Georgium Agricolam Vale<lb></lb>rius Cordus herbarum vir ſcientiſſimus, <lb></lb>quem ſtudio varia diſcendi Romæ degen<lb></lb>tem, cùm Germanus eſſet, mors immatura <lb></lb>præuenit, omnium eruditorum ac bonorum <lb></lb>dolore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005632">Hic idem alios etiam detulit lapides, for<lb></lb>ma ſingulari ac mirabili: quemadmodum <arrow.to.target n="marg810"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gloſſopetram pici linguæ ſimilem, Lunæ<lb></lb>bergi in aluminoſis fodinis inuentam: & Se<lb></lb>leniten forma renaſcentis in cornua lunæ: <lb></lb>hic aurea modò, modò argentea, vel ada<lb></lb>mantina armatura integitur, inuenitúrque <lb></lb>in Mariæburgo. </s> <s id="s.005633">Sicut in agro Treuirenſi <lb></lb>hyſterapetra, quæ formam pudendi refert <lb></lb>muliebris: nigérque hic eſt lapis, ac prædu<lb></lb>rus. </s> <s id="s.005634">Et iuxta Salphedam Truringiorum in <lb></lb>puteo viginti orgiis profundo effoſſus lapis, <lb></lb>qui ad vnguem pectoris humani integri for<lb></lb>mam referebat, cum coſtarum diſcrimini<lb></lb>bus: erat tamen paulò pectore humano an<lb></lb>guſtior. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005635"><margin.target id="marg810"></margin.target>Gloſſo petra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005636">Selenites. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005637">Hyſterape<lb></lb>tra, lapis mi<lb></lb>ras.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005638">Detulit ille idem lapides colore conſpi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg811"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cuos. </s> <s id="s.005639">Amochryſum aurei coloris, ſquamo<lb></lb>ſum ex qua arena fit aurei coloris literis ſic<lb></lb>candis apta: expertus ſum, ſi in igne conti<lb></lb>neatur die vna tota, vberiorem arenæ co<lb></lb>piam reddere, ac meliorem, pulchriorémque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005640">Sic & Armaturam: ſquamoſus eſt & hic la<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg812"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pis, verùm coloris argentei, eidem vſui, ſi <lb></lb>non alteri ſaltem aptus. </s> <s id="s.005641">Hieracites quoque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg813"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtriis & colore pennas accipitris, aut perdi<lb></lb>cis imitatur. </s> <s id="s.005642">Et pyrauſtus, qui rutilus eſt co<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg814"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lore, aurea inſignis armatura, cauus, nitens: <lb></lb>vnde non ſecùs ac ſpeculum cauum Soli ex<lb></lb>poſitus, ignem accendit: in Hildesheimio <lb></lb>tractu hic etiam ab illo inuentus eſt. </s> <s id="s.005643">Porrò <lb></lb>de Alabandico, quòd diuerſas referat figuras <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg815"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pictas, ſatis eſt ſcire. </s> <s id="s.005644">Diximus & de onyche, <lb></lb>& lapidibus, qui in agro Veronenſi inue<lb></lb>niuntur: nam & in marmore quandoque re<lb></lb>gij capitis figura cum diademate viſa eſt: at<lb></lb>que hæc (vt dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quandoque fortuitò, quan<lb></lb>doque ob naturam lapidis contingunt. </s> <s id="s.005645">Di<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg816"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ximus & de cruſtaceis lapidibus, qui igni re<lb></lb>ſiſtunt: & de ſilice, qui etiam aduerſus aquas <lb></lb>reſiſtit, & ab ignibus liquatur, <expan abbr="quódq;">quódque</expan> mon<lb></lb>tium cacumina ob ventos, & frigora fran<lb></lb>guntur, lapidum fruſtis decidentibus. </s> <s id="s.005646">Super<lb></lb>eſt, vt de nigris ſectilibus agamus, quorum <lb></lb>in Italia copia maxima eſt, pretium nullum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005647">Molles ſunt, & fruſtis eiuſdem lapidis albæ <lb></lb>lineæ in eis deſcribuntur. </s> <s id="s.005648">Lituram ſola ſali<lb></lb>ua facit. </s> <s id="s.005649">Nec diu tamen retinent, etiamſi <lb></lb>non deleas. </s> <s id="s.005650">Vtiles meditationibus, ſi non <lb></lb>tam facilè frangerentur. </s> <s id="s.005651">Ob id tabulæ exco<lb></lb>gitatæ è tenui lino obducto gypſo, ac ſuper <lb></lb>gypſum vernice (ſic enim hoc liquoris ge<lb></lb>nus vocant) quæ flectuntur, nec franguntur: <lb></lb>atramentúmque ſcriptorium recipiunt, diú<lb></lb>que retinent, nec remittunt niſi madida <lb></lb>ſpongia: quod olim tabularum genus cogni<lb></lb>tum fuiſſe credo, atque in vſu, ex Auguſti <lb></lb>ioco, quòd Aiax in ſpongiam incubuiſſet: <lb></lb>quamuis frequens vſus eſſet ceræ ac ſtyli pro <lb></lb>epiſtolis ac medicationibus: æterna autem <lb></lb>monumenta ære cælabantur. </s> <s id="s.005652">Alij nunc ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg817"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bellis ex ligno ficus ac cinere oſſium, quod <lb></lb>antiquitus ex M. </s> <s id="s.005653">Marcelli elogio cognitum <lb></lb>fuiſſe perſpicuum eſt, pro abacis vtuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005654">Quòd verò animam lapidibus ineſſe neceſſe <lb></lb>ſit, hoc abundè ſuperiùs demonſtratum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005655">Atque vtinam non ineſſet vita lapidibus, ni<lb></lb>hil enim prohiberet puluere è multis ſma<lb></lb>ragdis ſepulto ſub terra, <expan abbr="additóq;">additóque</expan> humore pel<lb></lb>lucido, magnam gemmam procreari. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005656"><margin.target id="marg811"></margin.target>Amochryſo</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005657"><margin.target id="marg812"></margin.target>Armatura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005658"><margin.target id="marg813"></margin.target>Hieracites.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005659"><margin.target id="marg814"></margin.target>Pyrauſtus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005660"><margin.target id="marg815"></margin.target>Alabandi<lb></lb>cus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005661"><margin.target id="marg816"></margin.target>Tabulæ ſcri<lb></lb>ptoriæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005662"><margin.target id="marg817"></margin.target>Ni lapides <lb></lb>viuerent, <lb></lb>gemmæ ar<lb></lb>te fieri poſ<lb></lb>ſent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005663">Duplici autem modo augeri lapides, ex <lb></lb>dictis intelligere poſſumus: vel quòd per <lb></lb>venas materia accedat ſemper, nutriatúrque <lb></lb>lapis non ſecùs atque humo: vel quòd po<lb></lb>tentia tale ſit, velut in generatione pulli ex <lb></lb>ouo, fiat actu tale: nam ſucceſſione dierum <lb></lb>totus pullus abſoluitur: partes autem in ma<lb></lb>teria eodem tempore cum magnitudine ſua <lb></lb>fermè tota initium ſumunt, vt prius candi<lb></lb>dum rubeſcat, inde concreſcat in neruos, <lb></lb>oſſa, membranas, ac talia. </s> <s id="s.005664">Nec etiam quòd <lb></lb>in aqua deſcendant lapides, terrei dici me<lb></lb>rentur, ſed ſufficit concreto humido quan<lb></lb>tulacunque pars terræ ad deſcenſum. </s> <s id="s.005665">Pellu<lb></lb>cidi tamen omnes aquea ſubſtantia ſunt, <lb></lb>vel frigore concreti, quamobrem ab igne <pb pagenum="479" xlink:href="016/01/128.jpg"></pb>diſſoluuntur. </s> <s id="s.005666">Silex autem non pellucet, quia <lb></lb>terreus eſt: diſſoluitur tamen, quia frigore <lb></lb>concreuit. </s> <s id="s.005667">At lapides opaci, quales plerique <lb></lb>ſunt, & qui in calcem vertuntur, nec frigo<lb></lb>re omninò concrenerunt, nec aquea ſunt <lb></lb>ſubſtantia: aut ſi modò frigore concreue<lb></lb>runt, quoniam frigidi eſſe videntur, terræ <lb></lb>multum, aquæ autem parum continent. </s> <s id="s.005668">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt igitur cryſtallum, quòd ſit per<lb></lb>ſpicuus hic lapis, & facilè liqueſcat, aquea <lb></lb>ſubſtantia pura ac frigore concreta con<lb></lb>ſiſtere. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg818"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005669"><margin.target id="marg818"></margin.target>Lapis qui <lb></lb>percuſſus la<lb></lb>pillo imagi<lb></lb>nem ſonæ ci<lb></lb>tharæ refert.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005670">Atque hæc clara quidem ratione con<lb></lb>ſtant. </s> <s id="s.005671">Cæterùm aliqua ſunt ſubtilioris ac <lb></lb>obſcurioris contemplationis, vt propè ad <lb></lb>miraculum accedere videantur. </s> <s id="s.005672">Quale illud <lb></lb>eſt, quod Pauſanias refert, fuiſſe in arce Me<lb></lb>garæ iuxta focum lapidem, qui percuſſus <lb></lb>lapillo cithatæ plectro pulſatæ ſonum re<lb></lb>ferret. </s> <s id="s.005673">Id ſcio, quàm multi ridebunt me nu<lb></lb>gas, & etiam antiquas nugas, Plinij more <lb></lb>referentem: ſed nos quòd hoc contigerit, <lb></lb>quamuis locuplete teſte, non contendimus: <lb></lb>quòd verò contigiſſe potuerit, quódque in <lb></lb>poſterum contingere poſſit, non dubitamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005674">Illud potiùs diligenter perquirendum, quo<lb></lb>modo hoc fieri poſſit. </s> <s id="s.005675">Quòd verò natura, aut <lb></lb>arte, nullum eſt diſcrimen. </s> <s id="s.005676">Ab arte igitur, <lb></lb>tanquam nobis notiore ac faciliore, ſuma<lb></lb>mus exemplum. </s> <s id="s.005677">Cùm enim citharæ reſo<lb></lb>nent, ob id quòd lignum cauum eſt, & ca<lb></lb>uernis plenum, ac ſpongioſum, atque multi<lb></lb>pliciter per anfractus diuiſum, illud idem in <lb></lb>lapide oportet excogitare. </s> <s id="s.005678">Vt verò tale eſſet, <lb></lb>præter cauernas & cauitatem, metallicam <lb></lb>materiam ſono aptam immiſtam fuiſſe, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe fuit. </s> <s id="s.005679">Inter autem metalla ſolùm & ma<lb></lb>ximè æs reſonat: nam cuprum diximus eſſe <lb></lb>æs Cyprium. </s> <s id="s.005680">Fabulabatur igitur antiquitas <lb></lb>illic Apollinem citharam repoſuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.005681">Sed eſt <lb></lb>aliud oſtenti genus, quod non parum admi<lb></lb>rabatur antiquitas. </s> <s id="s.005682">Lapis erat in Olympia, <lb></lb>qui adeò perterrebat equos, vt currus fran<lb></lb>gerent, & ſeſſores excuterent, aurigarum lo<lb></lb>cis ac minis contemptis: vnde lapidi nomen <arrow.to.target n="marg819"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inditum Taraxippus, quaſi equorum con<lb></lb>turbator, & formido. </s> <s id="s.005683">Nec in eo veneficium, <lb></lb>ſiquidem ars nulla: ſed talis ſpontè lapis, vt <lb></lb>qui ruberet ac ſplenderet flammæ in modum <lb></lb>ingens, ex quo imago relucebat equorum: <lb></lb>vnde illi vel ignem imaginati, vel propria <lb></lb>ſpecie decepti, vertebantur in fugam. </s> <s id="s.005684">Ignem <lb></lb>enim maximè equi formidant. </s> <s id="s.005685">Succurrit me<lb></lb>moriæ, quod mihi contigerit propè iam <lb></lb>triennio exacto. </s> <s id="s.005686">Eram Genuæ, cœnaueram <lb></lb>apud illuſtrem virum Franciſcum Duardum <lb></lb>Cæſareum quæſtorem, à cœna pluit imbres <lb></lb>maximos: pileo, ocreis, gabanio, cùm mihi <lb></lb>eſſem oneroſus. </s> <s id="s.005687">Dat ille, vt eſt merè huma<lb></lb>nus, equos generoſos, conſcendimus: aderat <lb></lb>autem mecum Ludouicus Ferrarius. </s> <s id="s.005688">Dum <lb></lb>viam quandam tranſimus, ſuccedunt nobis <lb></lb>viri, faces ferentes: flabat ventus ab ea parte, <lb></lb>& ſcintillas ferebat ante nos, quamuis pro<lb></lb>cul: ob id exterritis equis tamen magno <lb></lb>fuimus in periculo, vt iam vix contineri <lb></lb>poſſent ab his, qui nobiſcum erant ſeruis, <lb></lb>etiam arreptis frænis ne erigerentur. </s> <s id="s.005689">Et erat <lb></lb>callis anguſtus laterum ſtructura quaſi in <lb></lb>fornicem procliuum, vt ſi erecti fuiſſent, <lb></lb>actum de nobis eſſet, præcipuè quòd ob plu<lb></lb>uias neque pediſſe qui, nec equi ſtare po<lb></lb>tuiſſent, quin laberentur. </s> <s id="s.005690">Et cum de his aliàs <lb></lb>dixerimus, nunc ſatis fuerit monuiſſe, equos <lb></lb>ignibus maximè terreri, atque ob id Tara<lb></lb>xippum non miraculo aliquo, ſed certa ra<lb></lb>tione illos in fugam compuliſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005691"><margin.target id="marg819"></margin.target>Taraxippus <lb></lb>lapis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005692">Sed vt tandem metallicorum omnium <lb></lb>narrationi finem imponam, docere operæ <lb></lb>pretium eſt, quomodo veræ gemmæ à falſis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg820"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dum in annulis latent dignoſcantur. </s> <s id="s.005693">Docuit <lb></lb>autem nos primo hoc Hieronymus Gueri<lb></lb>nus ab oculis gemmarius, de quo ſuperius <lb></lb>mentionem fecimus, demonſtrationem au<lb></lb>tem nos addidimus. </s> <s id="s.005694">Annulo conuerſo angu<lb></lb>li, & latera inſpiciantur, & videbuntur di<lb></lb>lutioris coloris: nam ſit co<lb></lb>lor C, oculus D, anguli A <lb></lb>& B, manifeſtum eſt, quòd <lb></lb>D non videbit A colore <lb></lb>C, quia linea DC cadit in<lb></lb>fra punctum A. </s> <s id="s.005695">Et rurſus ſi <lb></lb>conuertatur annulus, idem <lb></lb>continget. </s> <s id="s.005696">Quòd ſi AB ſu<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.128.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/128/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>perficies vngui ſupponatur, non videbitur <lb></lb>color in angulis, ſed erit dilutior: refran<lb></lb>guntur enim radij potentes in vera gemma <lb></lb>ex vnguis plano. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005697"><margin.target id="marg820"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>falſæ gemmæ <lb></lb>dignoſci fa<lb></lb>cilè poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005698">Eſt & alia non leuis lucri ſeplaſia, cùm <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg821"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ex concha margaritarum pulcherrimi fin<lb></lb>guntur vniones. </s> <s id="s.005699">Adeò autem rectè fraus <lb></lb>hæc ſuccedit, quòd nec à gemmariis dignoſ<lb></lb>cuntur: color, ſplendor, ſubſtantia, pon<lb></lb>dus reſpondent. </s> <s id="s.005700">Sunt qui etiam ex duobus <lb></lb>fruſtis ob conchæ tenuitatem vniones con<lb></lb>ficiunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005701"><margin.target id="marg821"></margin.target>Margarita<lb></lb>rum adulte<lb></lb>ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005702">Dum hæc ſcriberem, lis agebatur de mar<lb></lb>garita 68. aureis empta à gemmario, quæ ex <lb></lb>concha facta erat: pretium æſtimationis au<lb></lb>rei ducenti. </s> <s id="s.005703">Sperabant imponere Germanis <lb></lb>aut Gallis, quòd ingenio, & arte minùs va<lb></lb>lere eos exiſtimant: hos enim barbaros pu<lb></lb>tant: cùm nos veriùs ſimus barbari: ſiquidem <lb></lb>magis barbarum eſt decipere, quàm decipi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005704">Sed ſatis de metallicis actum eſt: nunc au<lb></lb>tem ad plantas tranſeamus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="480" xlink:href="016/01/129.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.016.01.129.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/129/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005705"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER OCTAVVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005706"><emph type="center"></emph>De Plantis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005707">NOBILIORES metallicis <lb></lb>plantæ ſunt, atque in his quæ<lb></lb>dam ſenſus imago relucet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005708">Etenim & odiſſe, & amare <lb></lb>plantas, & membra habere <lb></lb>functionibus opportuna, ſatis clarum eſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg822"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>puto. </s> <s id="s.005709">Nam vitem oderunt olea, ficus, caules, <lb></lb>atque adeò, vt frequentes ſatæ apud eam <lb></lb>vinum in vappam vertant: & cucumis oleam <lb></lb>fugit, & vlmum diligit vitis. </s> <s id="s.005710">Sic Myrtus <lb></lb>iuxta punicam malum conſita, eam fructuo<lb></lb>ſiorem reddit, ipſa odoratior, vtraque mi<lb></lb>rum in modum læta prouenit ac luxuriat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005711">Vna tamen eſt cauſa generalis, cur plantæ <lb></lb>quædam aliis ſibi vicinis pernicioſæ ſint: <lb></lb>nam cum Solis calore, & humido terræ lu<lb></lb>xurient, neceſſe eſt arborem omnem opacam <lb></lb>noxiam eſſe aliis, tum etiam multifidæ radi<lb></lb>cis: nam multifida radice exhauritur humor <lb></lb>vitalis, quo planta vicina atque imbellis ali <lb></lb>debet: vmbra verò refrigerantur, & plantæ, <lb></lb>& ſolum, vt tabeſcere ob id ipſæ videantur <lb></lb>arbores, aut herbæ, quæ vmbræ ſubiacent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005712">Itaque nux noxia eſt vtroque vitio: conſita <lb></lb>habet enim folia, & multiplicem radicem: <lb></lb>ficus verò prægrandia. </s> <s id="s.005713">Animaduerti dum <lb></lb>hæc ſcriberem triticum iuxta ſepem in agro <lb></lb>natum, humile, aridum ac rarum, & mini<lb></lb>mè fruticoſum fuiſſe, cum ſeps humilis, & <lb></lb>rara orientem aut occidentem Solem, nec <lb></lb>diu tamen, nec ex toto prohiberet. </s> <s id="s.005714">Ergo <lb></lb>generalia hæc, alia quidem (vt diximus) <lb></lb>propria. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg823"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005715"><margin.target id="marg822"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>odium, & <lb></lb>amicitia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005716"><margin.target id="marg823"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005717">Genera plantarum quatuor, arbores fru<lb></lb>tices, ſuffrutices, herba. </s> <s id="s.005718">Arbor eſt, cuius <lb></lb>truncus aut denuò, aut perpetuò vireſcit, & <lb></lb>ad egregiam peruenit magnitudinem, vt <lb></lb>pyrus. </s> <s id="s.005719">Frutex, cuius truncus manet, ſed non <lb></lb>in iuſtam creſcit magnitudinem, vt roſa, & <lb></lb>myrtus. </s> <s id="s.005720">Suffrutex, qui & ipſe manet trunco, <lb></lb>ſed tamen herbarum magnitudinem non <lb></lb>excedit, vt bruſcus. </s> <s id="s.005721">Herba, quæ caule caret, <lb></lb>vt aizoum, id eſt, ſemperuiua, & ſaluia: vel <lb></lb>caulem in ſingulos annos mutat, vt fœnicu<lb></lb>lus. </s> <s id="s.005722">Poteſt & quintum genus addi medium <lb></lb>inter herbam, & fruticem, velut ruta: hæc <lb></lb>enim arboreſcit quandoque, quandoque her<lb></lb>ba manet. </s> <s id="s.005723">Quòd etiam cauli contigit. </s> <s id="s.005724">Caulis <lb></lb>verò maximè capitatus creſcit in immen<lb></lb>ſum, vt in Pannonia. </s> <s id="s.005725">Sed arte arbores, her<lb></lb>bæque tum fructus creſcunt plurimùm, vt <lb></lb>punica, & citonia, tum perſica. </s> <s id="s.005726">Et ex oleribus <lb></lb>quæcunque virent, etiam hyeme, in fruticem <lb></lb>induſtria tranſeunt. </s> <s id="s.005727">Sed nullum aptius ruta, <lb></lb>vt de qua Ioſephus Hebræus ſcriptum reli<lb></lb>querit, vidiſſe ſe in Machæro Iudææ rutam, <lb></lb>quæ proceritate, & magnitudine nulla ficus <lb></lb>planta eſſet inferior. </s> <s id="s.005728">Vidimus & nos in vi<lb></lb>ridario medici Mediolani rutam, quæ mul<lb></lb>torum annorum beneficio in arbuſtum tran<lb></lb>ſierat. </s> <s id="s.005729">Itaque manifeſtum eſt, plantas, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> <lb></lb>ob magnitudinem, neque viuacitatem ſpe<lb></lb>cie differre. </s> <s id="s.005730">Sed neque ob id, quòd folia ma<lb></lb>gnitudinem non eandem retineant, vel quòd <lb></lb>huic perpetua, illi decidua ſint, aut quòd flo<lb></lb>ris colos non vnus ſit, aut quòd ſterilis ſit <lb></lb>altera, reliqua fructum ferat. </s> <s id="s.005731">Ergo planta<arrow.to.target n="marg824"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum diſcrimen ex quatuor rebus ſumendum, <lb></lb>quarum præcipua eſt facultas, ſeu vis: vires <lb></lb>enim à forma proueniunt: forma autem eſt, <lb></lb>quæ ſpecies ipſas diſtinguit. </s> <s id="s.005732">Fieri enim mul<lb></lb>tò minùs poteſt, vt ſalix ſit vitex, quàm vt <lb></lb>aſinus ſit bos, tametſi ſalix, ac vitex frondi<lb></lb>bus, & cortice ſint ſimiles. </s> <s id="s.005733">Nam vitex calida <lb></lb>eſt, & ſicca in tertio ordine. </s> <s id="s.005734">Indico eſt pri<lb></lb>mùm, quòd flatus diſcutiat, & quòd prima <lb></lb>inter arbores floreat: cùm ſalix humida ſit ac <lb></lb>frigida, ſeróque floreat, & flatum gignat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005735">Produnt etiam odores temperiem. </s> <s id="s.005736">Ergo quæ<lb></lb>cunque eiuſdem ſpeciei ſunt, etiam ſi alte<lb></lb>rum in India, reliquum in Scythia naſcatur, <lb></lb>eiſdem viribus præcipuis neceſſariò partici<lb></lb>pant. </s> <s id="s.005737">Ideò abſurdum eſt credere, eiſdem <lb></lb>plantis diuerſas <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> contrarias vires ineſſe, <lb></lb>vt diuerſis eaſdem, aliámque eſſe rationem <lb></lb>plantarum, & animalium. </s> <s id="s.005738">Secunda diſcrimi<lb></lb>nis ratio ab odore, tertia à ſapore ſumenda <lb></lb>eſt: quarta verò, quæ & ipſa præcipua, à fi<lb></lb>gura foliorum, florum, fructus, ſtipitis, corti<lb></lb>cis radicum, denique totius plantæ. </s> <s id="s.005739">Nam <lb></lb>quod ad magnitudinem attinet quænam ar<lb></lb>bor ceraſo procerior? </s> <s id="s.005740">Sunt tamen ex illis Ma<lb></lb>cedonicæ vocatæ, palma non altiores. </s> <s id="s.005741">Itaque <lb></lb>dubitatio ea ceſſat, quæ olim de bugloſſo, & <lb></lb>boragine habita eſt. </s> <s id="s.005742">Nam cum forma, & <lb></lb>viribus, odore atque guſtu penè pares ſint, <lb></lb>vtraſque ſub eadem ſpecie collocari debere, <lb></lb>palam eſt. </s> <s id="s.005743">Etenim cùm propter vires nomina <lb></lb>illarum quæramus, palam eſt apud medicum <lb></lb>illas eodem nomine dignas cenſeri debere, <lb></lb>quæ eiſdem viribus præditæ ſint: herbario <lb></lb>non item, ſed iuxta figuræ rationem, me<lb></lb>dico verò non. </s> <s id="s.005744">Sed vbi iam hæc duo con<lb></lb>ſenſerint, reliqua etiam adeſſe neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005745">Erga ipſa rerum natura potiùs, quàm Dioſ<lb></lb>coridis verba ſunt exploranda: is enim <lb></lb>quanquam egregius fuerit in dignoſcendis <lb></lb>medicamentis, & diligentiſſimus in tractan<lb></lb>dis, & clariſſimus in explicandis, fuit tamen <lb></lb>doctrinæ genere empiricus, diſciplina verò <lb></lb>miles, & cuius ſcripta ad poſteros multis <lb></lb>vitiis macula tranſierint. </s> <s id="s.005746">Vnde tot illorum <lb></lb>contentiones, vt iam pudeat inconſtan<lb></lb>tiæ. </s> <s id="s.005747">Exploranda ſunt igitur medicamen<lb></lb>ta non à nominibus, aut magnitudine, vel <lb></lb>colore, aut fœcunditate, aut his, quæ <lb></lb>pro regionum varietate mutantur, ſed à vi<lb></lb>ribus atque figura, odoréque ac ſapore. <pb pagenum="481" xlink:href="016/01/130.jpg"></pb>Illa verò eiuſdem ſpeciei cenſenda, erunt, <lb></lb>quæ in his conueniunt, diuerſarum, quæ <lb></lb>diſſident. </s> <s id="s.005748">Specie autem idem multis modis <lb></lb>dicitur, alia quidem vltima, alia cuius rur<lb></lb>ſus diuerſæ ſunt differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.005749">His autem ca<lb></lb>rere, aut illis abundare, non eſt differentiæ <lb></lb>ſpeciei, ſed locorum argumentum: quan<lb></lb>doquidem magis & minùs ſpeciem non va<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg825"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>riare certum ſit. </s> <s id="s.005750">Vnde fraxinum & linguam <lb></lb>auis, quam quidam fraxinellam vocant, & <lb></lb>diptamum, quo vtimur, non antiquum il<lb></lb>lum Dioſcoridis, ſed neque Virgilij, de quo <lb></lb>ille: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Diptamum genitrix Cretæa carpit ab Ida, <lb></lb>Puberibus caulem foliis & flore comantem <lb></lb>Purpureo.——<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005751"><margin.target id="marg824"></margin.target>Differentia <lb></lb>plantarum, <lb></lb>in quibus <lb></lb>conſtituta <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005752"><margin.target id="marg825"></margin.target>Fraxinus, <lb></lb>lingua auis, <lb></lb>& diptamus <lb></lb>eiuſdem ſpe<lb></lb>ciei.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005753">Verùm ( vt dixi ) hunc noſtrum, eiuſdem <lb></lb>ſpeciei eſſe non dubito: ſiquidem vires eæ<lb></lb>dem, & forma. </s> <s id="s.005754">Sed fraxinus arbor eſt, fra<lb></lb>xinella arbuſtum, diptamus herba, omnes <lb></lb>immodicæ ſiccitatis plantæ, & ob id ſer<lb></lb>pentibus inimicæ, & vermibus admodum <lb></lb>lethiferæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005755">Fraxinus verò vt robuſtior, etiam vm<lb></lb>bra ſola ſerpentes abigere fertur. </s> <s id="s.005756">Extenuant <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg826"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& ob id omnes præter modum. </s> <s id="s.005757">Vnde re<lb></lb>ferunt Sanctium Hiſpaniarum Regem, <lb></lb>cùm adeò obeſus eſſet, vt neque equita<lb></lb>re, neque manus circumuertere commodè <lb></lb>poſſet, tædio quaſi vitæ aduocaſſe medi<lb></lb>cum egregium à rege quodam Africæ, cu<lb></lb>ratúmque ſemine herbæ, quam exiſtimo <lb></lb>fuiſſe linguam auis: ſed ſeu veneno adie<lb></lb>cto, ſeu mutata ex contrario contemperie, <lb></lb>corporis, breui obiit. </s> <s id="s.005758">Itaque extenuare im<lb></lb>modicè omnia hæc genera conſtat, cùm <lb></lb>ſplenem abſumant: digerunt enim vehe<lb></lb>menter quæcunque attenuarint. </s> <s id="s.005759">Hoc autem <lb></lb>obeſorum iure merito medicamentum opti<lb></lb>mum eſt. </s> <s id="s.005760">Sed dices: Non regio his eſt <lb></lb>cauſa paruitatis, quandoquidem omnia <lb></lb>hæc genera in eadem regione reperian<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="s.005761">Verum non ex ſola regione hæc con<lb></lb>tingunt, cùm ceraſiorum Macedoniorum <lb></lb>plantæ primùm in ea regione originem <lb></lb>duxerint: inde tranſlatæ, eandem paruita<lb></lb>tem retinent. </s> <s id="s.005762">Idem contingit in fraxini <lb></lb>ſpeciebus, & ſabina, cupreſſo, atque ſan<lb></lb>tonica. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005763"><margin.target id="marg826"></margin.target>Sanctij Regis <lb></lb>Hiſpania<lb></lb>rum hiſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005764">Extenuantur etiam arbores alimentis, ve<lb></lb>lut & canes, quos è magnis ſubtracto alimen<lb></lb>to in mediocres, & horum prolem in par<lb></lb>uos, atque ex his in minimos mutamus. </s> <s id="s.005765">Nec <lb></lb>aliud magis norunt mulieres. </s> <s id="s.005766">Eadem igi<lb></lb>tur ratio in plantis, quas ex alio loco, <lb></lb>ſeu regione, ſeu montibus atque arido ſo<lb></lb>lo agreſtes, & tenues tranſplantamus, qua<lb></lb>ſi noui generis arbores, aut herbas. </s> <s id="s.005767">At di<lb></lb>ces: Non omnia quæ conueniunt forma, <lb></lb>viribus, odore, atque ſapore, eiuſdem ſunt <lb></lb>ſpeciei? </s> <s id="s.005768">Namque ſalix, & vitex folia, & <lb></lb>truncum ac corticem habent ſimillima: <lb></lb>item odorem grauem ambæ, ambæ amaræ, <lb></lb>ambæ infructuoſæ, ambæ viros effœminant, <lb></lb>& ſteriles reddunt. </s> <s id="s.005769">Sed vitex quia calida, <lb></lb>& ſicca, ſalix quia humida, & frigida, hoc <lb></lb>faciunt. </s> <s id="s.005770">Amarus ſapor, & odoris grauitas <lb></lb>non ſunt ſimilia, ſed diuerſæ ratione in <lb></lb>vtriſque hæc fiunt. </s> <s id="s.005771">Salix quoque lachry<lb></lb>mam mittit, licet concretam, & pappos <lb></lb>poſtquam floruerit: quorum vtroque vitex <lb></lb>omninò caret. </s> <s id="s.005772">Pappus autem fit humido <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg827"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>putreſcente, vel ob tenuitatem, vt in car<lb></lb>dis: vel ob frigus, vt in ſoncho, & ſalice. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005773">Parte autem ea, quà per aëra fertur, eadem <lb></lb>ventos, & tempeſtates prænunciare ſolet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005774">Eſt autem pulmoni ac ſpiritui inimicus pap<lb></lb>pus. </s> <s id="s.005775">Sed redeo ad plantarum differentias: <lb></lb>hæ non ex florum colore, vt dixi, ſed aliis <lb></lb>cauſis ſumendæ ſunt: luſit enim natura mi<lb></lb>rum in modum in florum coloribus. </s> <s id="s.005776">Sunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg828"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>alibi, vt cucurbitæ, lilij: & arborum mul<lb></lb>tarum, velut pyri, cotonij, fraxini: ru<lb></lb>bei, vt amaranthi: punicei, vt mali puni<lb></lb>cæ, & papaueris eius, quod inter ſegetes, <lb></lb>vt in maceriis murorum naſcitur: ita enim <lb></lb>vocatur, etſi papauer non ſit. </s> <s id="s.005777">Iris cæru<lb></lb>leos fert, crocus croceos, & calendula vo<lb></lb>cata herba, quæ etiam in extremis frigori<lb></lb>bus floret, vnde nomen, quòd ſingulis ca<lb></lb>lendis floreat, ſumpſit. </s> <s id="s.005778">Aureum fert cheli<lb></lb>donia, miſtum malua, & diptamus ille, de <lb></lb>quo nuper verba fecimus. </s> <s id="s.005779">Varios in flori<lb></lb>bus colores edunt roſæ primùm, inde vio<lb></lb>læ, & garyophyli vocati, tum iaſemin, & <lb></lb>helleborus: ille enim & albos, & virides, <lb></lb>& puniceos ferre ſolet. </s> <s id="s.005780">Sed admirabitur <lb></lb>quiſpiam, cur cum tam variè in floribus na<lb></lb>tura luſerit, neque virides tamen, neque <lb></lb>nigros flores produxerit? </s> <s id="s.005781">Sed de viridibus <lb></lb>parua quæſtio eſt: nam ſalix, & vitis flores <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg829"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>habent virides, hos ob ſimilitudinem, quam <lb></lb>cum foliis habent, dedignamur quaſi flores <lb></lb>appellare, cùm tamen vitium floribus tam <lb></lb>egregius fructus ſuccedat. </s> <s id="s.005782">Verùm de nigris <lb></lb>altior eſt contemplatio. </s> <s id="s.005783">An quòd nigri ſint <lb></lb>aliqui? </s> <s id="s.005784">Sed ſi ſunt, cùm rariſſimi ſint, ad<lb></lb>huc dubitatio manet. </s> <s id="s.005785">An ſplendor copioſus, <lb></lb>qui in floribus eſt, nigrum cæruleum eſſe <lb></lb>oſtendit? </s> <s id="s.005786">Vel quia nigrum in craſſa ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia neceſſariò eſt, omnis autem flos è <lb></lb>tenuiſſimo ſuæ plantæ ſucco fit? </s> <s id="s.005787">Sed cùm <lb></lb>omnium plantarum differentiæ, quaſi nu<lb></lb>mero careant, noſtri propoſiti non eſt de <lb></lb>his diffusè tractare, velut de metallicis fe<lb></lb>cimus: nam obſcuriora tantùm, non quæ <lb></lb>ſubiiciuntur oculis, attingere deſtinauimus: <lb></lb>ob hoc breuiſſima plantarum, & anima<lb></lb>lium hiſtoria erit. </s> <s id="s.005788">Aliæ igitur plantæ vr<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg830"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>banæ ſunt, aliæ ſylueſtres, aliæ in mari, <lb></lb>aliæ in fluminibus, aliæ in ripa, quædam <lb></lb>in paludibus, aliæ inter ſaxa, aliæ medio<lb></lb>cri terra, aliæ etſi raræ, inter arenas na<lb></lb>ſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.005789">Sunt & quæ in puteis, vt lichen: <lb></lb>quæ in nemoribus, quæ in aprico proue<lb></lb>niunt. </s> <s id="s.005790">Quædam etiam peregrinæ tantùm, vt <lb></lb>Garyophylum, & caſſia, & agallochum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005791">Creditum eſt & de terebintho & lentiſco, <lb></lb>quanquam in Italia tamen inueniantur. </s> <s id="s.005792">Sunt <lb></lb>rurſus fructiferæ, ſteriles, & quæ carent ra<lb></lb>dice, & quæ foliis, & aliæ ramis, aliæ flo<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.005793">Et quæ vix vnum ex his habent, vt tube<lb></lb>ra fungi polytrichum. </s> <s id="s.005794">Sunt & benè odora<lb></lb>tæ, & malè olentes, & nihil olentes. </s> <s id="s.005795">Item <lb></lb>quæ ſemper frondent, quæ amittunt folia? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005796">aliæ item raræ, aliæ denſæ, vt cupreſſus: aliæ <lb></lb>& patulæ, vt lotos, & fagus. </s> <s id="s.005797">Sunt & ſubli<lb></lb>mes, & humiles, enodes & nodoſæ, vt arun<lb></lb>do: ſolidœ quædam, vt ſancti ligni arbos: quæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg831"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dam penitùs inanes, vt calamus: quædam <pb pagenum="482" xlink:href="016/01/131.jpg"></pb>mediæ, vt ſambucus. </s> <s id="s.005798">Sunt & quæ ſpontè <lb></lb>proueniunt, & quæ ſeruntur, & quæ in<lb></lb>ſitione aut ſurculis defoſſis, vt ſalix, & <lb></lb>vitis: vel alieno ſemine. </s> <s id="s.005799">Hærent quædam, <lb></lb>vt hedera: aliæ innaſcuntur, vt viſcum: <lb></lb>aliæ repunt, vt chamæciſſos: aliæ terræ ad<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg832"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>naſcuntur, vt muſchus, & lichen. </s> <s id="s.005800">Sed muſ<lb></lb>chus etiam arboribus hæret, & aquis. </s> <s id="s.005801">Sunt <lb></lb>& ſalubres, & noxiæ: nam taxus, nux, cau<lb></lb>les, & ſabina, & ſpartum ac lipum, & ge<lb></lb>neraliter omnia malè olentia, vt bombyces, <lb></lb>& cuniculi, & his magis ſues, aërem vitiant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005802">In quibuſdam eſt videre ſexum, vt in quer<lb></lb>cu, & robore, ac ilice: in quibuſdam nequa<lb></lb>quam, velut oleis ac vitibus. </s> <s id="s.005803">Quædam <lb></lb>propriam quandam habent ſubſtantiam, vt <lb></lb>palma. </s> <s id="s.005804">Quædam fructus habent hærentes <lb></lb>ramis, quædam ſiliquo, quædam tegmi<lb></lb>ne alio, vt caſtanea, incluſos: quædam <lb></lb>pediculo annexos, vt ceraſa. </s> <s id="s.005805">Quædam non <lb></lb>niſi certis regionibus inueniuntur, aliæ au<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg833"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tem paſſim. </s> <s id="s.005806">Nam buxus, rebus, & filix, <lb></lb>frigido cœlo, atque eò vbi ſæuiat hyems, <lb></lb>ſpontè, meliúſque proueniunt: de rubo mo<lb></lb>ra ferente loquor, ideò argumenta ſunt <lb></lb>frigidæ prouinciæ, vt triticum temperatæ: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg834"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& odorata vehementer, quæ aromata Græ<lb></lb>ci vocant, calidæ. </s> <s id="s.005807">Nam vehementer cali<lb></lb>da ſemina in frigido aëre, cùm tenuiſſimæ <lb></lb>ſint ſubſtantiæ, adoleſcere nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.005808">Nec <lb></lb>natura abſque aëris auxilio adeò poteſt <lb></lb>fructuum ſubſtantiam concoquere, ſiccare <lb></lb>& attenuare: poteſt hoc tamen in radici<lb></lb>bus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg835"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005809"><margin.target id="marg827"></margin.target>Pappus vnde <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005810"><margin.target id="marg828"></margin.target>Florum co<lb></lb>lores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005811"><margin.target id="marg829"></margin.target>Flores cur <lb></lb>virides, net <lb></lb>nigri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005812"><margin.target id="marg830"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>differentiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005813"><margin.target id="marg831"></margin.target>Modi <expan abbr="quibu">quibus</expan> <lb></lb>proueniunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005814"><margin.target id="marg832"></margin.target>Plantæ <expan abbr="aërẽ">aërem</expan> <lb></lb>vitlantes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005815"><margin.target id="marg833"></margin.target>Rubus, & fi<lb></lb>lix arguunt <lb></lb>aſperam <lb></lb>hyemem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005816"><margin.target id="marg834"></margin.target>Cur aroma<lb></lb>ta ſolum in <lb></lb>calidiſſimis <lb></lb>regionibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005817"><margin.target id="marg835"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>partes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005818">Porrò plantarum partes ſunt, radix, <lb></lb>truncus, rami, folia, fructus, pediculi, vm<lb></lb>bellæ, acini, ſemina, flores, lanugo, lig<lb></lb>num, cortex, neruus, membrana, vena, <lb></lb>matrix, ſeu medulla, humor, lachryma, <lb></lb>nodus, & alia multa: his igitur atque aliis <lb></lb>cauſis arbores, & herbæ inuicem diffe<lb></lb>runt. <arrow.to.target n="marg836"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005819"><margin.target id="marg836"></margin.target>Tenuitatis <lb></lb>ratio in ar<lb></lb>boribus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005820">Lib. 1. de <lb></lb>plantar. cau. <lb></lb>cap. 1.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005821">Ergo tenuiores ſunt arbores: primò quæ<lb></lb>cunque fronde perpetua circumueſtiuntur, <lb></lb>vt quæ calidiores ſint ac ſicciores, vel Theo<lb></lb>phraſto teſte, velut palma, oliua, cedrus, <lb></lb>myrtus. </s> <s id="s.005822">Hæc tamen ratio haud in herbis <lb></lb>conſtat, cùm ſemperuiuum craſſioris ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ ſit, & tamen hyeme folia reti<lb></lb>neat: in vtriſque tamen, & agreſtes dome<lb></lb>ſticis, & odoratæ olentibus grauiter, aut <lb></lb>omninò nihil olentibus, ſunt tenuiores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005823">Similiter, ſi in montibus naſcantur: vnde <arrow.to.target n="marg837"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hæ omnes à medicis præferuntur. </s> <s id="s.005824">Sed cur <lb></lb>radices frequentiùs cæteris partibus, flori<lb></lb>bus duntaxat exceptis, odoratiores? </s> <s id="s.005825">ve<lb></lb>lut in ſanamunda. </s> <s id="s.005826">At cauſa eſt, quoniam <lb></lb>in radicibus melior concoctio perficitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005827">Olent autem benè, quæcunque humidum <lb></lb>benè concoctum habent, tale enim tenuiſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg838"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſimum eſt ac denſiſſimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.005828">Quocirca flo<lb></lb>res omnes fermè benè olent, quoniam te<lb></lb>nuiſſimus eſt humor, ac admodum exi<lb></lb>guus, qui in eis continetur, vnde facilli<lb></lb>mè concoquitur. </s> <s id="s.005829">Sed vt facillimè conco<lb></lb>quitur, ita etiam eadem cauſa faciliùs pe<lb></lb>rit: manet in radicibus, & truncis, ve<lb></lb>lut aſpalatho, ſanthalum nos vocamus: <lb></lb>nam terreæ ſubſtantiæ firmiter tenuis illa <lb></lb>humidi concocti ſubſtantiæ hæret. </s> <s id="s.005830">Itaque <lb></lb>pueris quibuſdam, & iuuenibus, etiam <lb></lb>benè olere aliquando non fruſtrà ſpiritum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg839"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>perperàm poſſe ſenibus aut intemperatis <lb></lb>creditum eſt: nam in pueris humidum te<lb></lb>nue, in iuuenibus modicum à magno calore <lb></lb>optimè, benè poteſt concoqui. </s> <s id="s.005831">Senibus ca<lb></lb>loris paruitatis, intemperatis certè humidi <lb></lb>qualitas obſtat, quò minùs perfecta con<lb></lb>coctio poſſit abſolui. </s> <s id="s.005832">Atque ea ratione re<lb></lb>ferunt quidam Alexandro ſpiritum olim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg840"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuauem fuiſſe, quòd corpus ſiccius haberet, <lb></lb>& colorem vehementiſſimum: quamobrem <lb></lb>multis diebus inter ſummos calores cada<lb></lb>uer illius abſque odore tetro ſeruatum eſt: <lb></lb>quanquam non negauerim aut arte ſerua<lb></lb>tum, aut veneni eadem vi, qua etiam extin<lb></lb>ctus fuiſſe creditur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005833"><margin.target id="marg837"></margin.target>Cur radices <lb></lb>plerunque <lb></lb>odoratæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005834"><margin.target id="marg838"></margin.target>Cur flores <lb></lb>omnes fermè <lb></lb>benè olent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005835"><margin.target id="marg839"></margin.target>Pueris & iu<lb></lb>uenibus ſpi<lb></lb>ritus benè <lb></lb>olere poteſt, <lb></lb>non ſenibus, <lb></lb>nec intempe<lb></lb>ratis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005836"><margin.target id="marg840"></margin.target>Alexandro <lb></lb>ſpiritum be<lb></lb>nè olentem <lb></lb>fuiſſe.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005837">Verùm vt ad partes plantarum redeam, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg841"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ animalibus ſingulæ ac illorum par<lb></lb>tibus reſpondent: radices ventri vt exiſti<lb></lb>mat Theophraſtus, nos tamen potiùs ori <lb></lb>illas aſſimilamus, caudicis verò, & trunci <lb></lb>partem imam, ventri, folia pilis, cortex <lb></lb>corio ac cuti, lignum oſſibus: venæ venis, <lb></lb>ac nerui arborum, & herbarum, his qui <lb></lb>verò ſunt in animalibus: viſceribus anima<lb></lb>lium in quibuſdam matrix, quæ ſine matrice <lb></lb>viuere nequeunt: in aliis autem, vt ſalice, <lb></lb>quarum vita eſt in cortice, cortex non ma<lb></lb>trix, imò in ſalicibus matricis pinguedinis <lb></lb>loco habenda: oua floribus, ſemen ſemini, <lb></lb>extremitates autem animalium, ramis: fru<lb></lb>ctus ipſe ſanguinem menſtruum refert, cui <lb></lb>includitur plerunque ſemen. </s> <s id="s.005838">Sunt verò & <lb></lb>partium partes dignæ conſideratione, ve<lb></lb>lut radicis: ipſius enim eſt lignoſa media, <lb></lb>ex qua plerunque planta germinat. </s> <s id="s.005839">Ea ma<lb></lb>ioribus ob id viribus prædita eſt. </s> <s id="s.005840">Vnde ſi ex <lb></lb>allio auferatur, neque adeò quod relinqui<lb></lb>tur acre eſt, nec tam malè olet, videtúr<lb></lb>que minùs certè ſuccoſa. </s> <s id="s.005841">Secunda eſt tuni<lb></lb>ca, quæ tenuis eſt admodum: tertia verò, <lb></lb>ipſum pericarpium: quarta, tunica exterior <lb></lb>pericarpium circundans. </s> <s id="s.005842">Pericarpium voco <lb></lb>non propriè, cùm tamen dicatur de eo, <lb></lb>quod ſemen in fructu, imo fructum cir<lb></lb>cundat, ſed quod lignum in radice ſeminis <lb></lb>loco ambit. </s> <s id="s.005843">Vnde in decoctis malè faciunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg842"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>medici, qui ligneam partem abiiciunt, cùm <lb></lb>ſit omnium præſtantiſſima: quod enim ger<lb></lb>men effundit, hoc ſolùm habet vires, quia <lb></lb>ſolùm vixit. </s> <s id="s.005844">Ideò lignoſa pars, aut ſola, <lb></lb>aut maximè medicamentoſa eſt: pullulat <lb></lb>enim ſolùm quod viuit, atque ea parte, qua <lb></lb>viuit. </s> <s id="s.005845">In cichorea autem ac ſimilibus, fo<lb></lb>lia quædam etiam è cortice germinant, ſed <lb></lb>ſemen, & flos maximè è ligno. </s> <s id="s.005846">Ergo vt <lb></lb>folia ſtipiti, ita cortex ligno: vtrunque enim <lb></lb>tutelæ gratia. </s> <s id="s.005847">Mutatur autem ima parte ſuc<lb></lb>cus in radicem, media nutritur radix, ſu<lb></lb>prema quod radicis eſt in germen. </s> <s id="s.005848">Opti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg843"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ma igitur ſuprema radicis pars, & à terræ <lb></lb>naturæ magis aliena. </s> <s id="s.005849">Similiter & in flo<lb></lb>ribus: eſt enim ſolium floris, quod ſem<lb></lb>per nitet, & in omnibus, quoniam ex te<lb></lb>nuiſſima ſubſtantia conſtat: & calix ſeu va<lb></lb>ginulæ, quibus flos continetur: & ſemen, <lb></lb>cuius cauſa flos factus eſt, ſicut illud genera<lb></lb>tionis, & pediculus, in quo omnia hæc im<lb></lb>plantantur. </s> <s id="s.005850">Quærendum eſt igitur forſan, cur <pb pagenum="483" xlink:href="016/01/132.jpg"></pb>floribus omnibus calix adſit? </s> <s id="s.005851">Sed non A<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg844"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pollinis flori, hic nanque calice caret, & <lb></lb>croceus eſt, ſenis in eo foliis: ſub vtroque <lb></lb>crepuſculo clauditur, meridie totus patet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005852">Sunt qui dicant nocte media arctè conſtrin<lb></lb>gi, vt ſint velut erraticis in paruo circulo <lb></lb>mutationes quatuor, geminæ, quæ ad cre<lb></lb>puſcula, mediæ & inuicem ſimiles, reliquæ <lb></lb>contrariæ. </s> <s id="s.005853">Vnus caulis, vnus flos, bulboſa <lb></lb>radix, folia velut ari. </s> <s id="s.005854">Vidimus hunc apud <lb></lb>Gulielmum Caulium nobilem Gallum. </s> <s id="s.005855">Cæ<lb></lb>terùm cur plerique flores calicem habeant, <lb></lb>ratio eſt, quoniam antequam perficiantur, <lb></lb>à ſole tenuis florum ſubſtantia diſſiparetur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg845"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Quocirca Apollinis craſſæ ſubſtantiæ neceſ<lb></lb>ſariò eſt, ac quaſi folium. </s> <s id="s.005856">Sed colore ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) & ſemine medio multùm à folio dif<lb></lb>fert. </s> <s id="s.005857">Flos enim fructus cauſa, imò potiùs <lb></lb>ſeminis. </s> <s id="s.005858">Sed cur ſeminis? </s> <s id="s.005859">Videtur autem <lb></lb>ſemen ex terrea parte concocta eſſe, aliter <lb></lb>neque in illo vis genitalis eſſe poſſet, nec <lb></lb>conſeruari. </s> <s id="s.005860">Omni autem terreo, vt coaleſ<lb></lb>cat humidi tenuioris aliquid ineſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.005861">Hu<lb></lb>midum autem, præſertim ſi totum conti<lb></lb>neatur, impedit & genitalem vim, & con<lb></lb>ſeruationem. </s> <s id="s.005862">Cùm verò ſit in eo, quod <lb></lb>concoquitur, & celeriùs ob ſubſtantiæ te<lb></lb>nuitatem concoquatur, fructus omnes ali<lb></lb>quis flos antecedet. </s> <s id="s.005863">Priùs ergo ſemen ge<lb></lb>neratur, quàm flos, ſi quidem illius gra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg846"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tia, ſed tardiùs abſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.005864">Neque verò cre<lb></lb>dendum eſt, odoratas plantas inodores flo<lb></lb>res ſemper mittere: nam quædam olent om<lb></lb>ni parte, vt nardus, medica malus, in qua <lb></lb>folia, flores, fructus præcipuè olent opti<lb></lb>mè, nec reliqua odoris ſunt expertia. </s> <s id="s.005865">Sunt <lb></lb>autem medicæ mali plures ſpecies, notiſſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg847"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mæ autem quinque. </s> <s id="s.005866">Prima quidem, quæ <lb></lb>propriè medica malus dicitur, prægrandis <lb></lb>fructus & humani capitis magnitudinem <lb></lb>perſæpè ſuperans etiam in Italia. </s> <s id="s.005867">Secunda <lb></lb>vocatur arantium, ſeu deducta appellatio<lb></lb>ne corrupta ab aurantio, quòd aurei colo<lb></lb>ris cortex ſit, ſeu ab Arantia Corinthia<lb></lb>cæ regionis vrbe iuxta Aſopum flumen. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005868">Tertia limunium, quòd in eo genere ſuc<lb></lb>cum habet acidiſſimum, adeò vt illius con<lb></lb>tactu dentes ſtupeant. </s> <s id="s.005869">Quarta limuniata, <lb></lb>ex malo medica primæ ſpeciei, & limunio <lb></lb>per inſitionem commiſta, cuius odor, & <lb></lb>ſapor iucundiſſimus eſt. </s> <s id="s.005870">Quinta Adami <lb></lb>malus vocatur, quòd ſingula poma mor<lb></lb>ſus imaginem in cortice retineant. </s> <s id="s.005871">Quòd <lb></lb>verò eiuſdem ſpeciei ſint hæc omnia, pri<lb></lb>mùm quidem partes oftendunt, quæ om<lb></lb>nibus eædem numero ſunt, cortex, caro, <lb></lb>ſuccus, tunicæ, ac ſemen. </s> <s id="s.005872">Planta omni<lb></lb>bus etiam ſpinoſa, perpetua fronde virens, <lb></lb>tota redolens: fructus aureus omnibus: ſed <lb></lb>in citrio dilutior color ob magnitudinem, <lb></lb>in luminio autem ob frigiditatem. </s> <s id="s.005873">Tran<lb></lb>ſeunt etiam inſitione mutua altera in alte<lb></lb>ram, & ligna in frondes, & flores adeò ſi<lb></lb>miles, vt non niſi à peritis ſine fructu al<lb></lb>tera ab altera ſecernatur. </s> <s id="s.005874">Sunt & vires <lb></lb>omnibus eædem, & ſapor acidus omnibus <lb></lb>communis eſt. </s> <s id="s.005875">Diu quoque ſeruari fructum, <lb></lb>ſeróque matureſcere, omnibus conuenit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005876">Lædi quoque ab eiuſdem cauſis omnibus <lb></lb>contingit, ſcilicet frigore. </s> <s id="s.005877">Seruantur, & <lb></lb>vnà omnes vbique, modò calor non deſiit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005878">Vnde magno orbi beneficio non ſolum in <lb></lb>Europa, & Aſia ac Africa, ſed etiam tota <lb></lb>in Æthiopia, Indiáque ſingulæ hæ ſpecies <lb></lb>inueniuntur: nec vllus tam communis in or<lb></lb>be fructus, neque adeò frequens. </s> <s id="s.005879">Nomen <lb></lb>etiam ipſum vnicum mali medicæ, docet <lb></lb>vnam fuiſſe olim arborem. </s> <s id="s.005880">Nam neque <lb></lb>arantium, aut limunium. </s> <s id="s.005881">Latinæ voces <lb></lb>ſunt, nec Græci ipſi horum nominum loco <lb></lb>quicquam habent. </s> <s id="s.005882">Conſtat igitur pro re<lb></lb>gionum, & artis varietate, tum ſapori gra<lb></lb>tia, nominum diſcrimina inuenta, non ab <lb></lb>antiquis, ſed parùm ante nos. </s> <s id="s.005883">Nam Adami <lb></lb>pomum inſitione ex citro, arantióque con<lb></lb>ſtat, arte morſum æmulante, inde propa<lb></lb>gatum, vt docebimus inferiùs. </s> <s id="s.005884">Viſum eſt <lb></lb>enim memoria primi parentis vile pomum <lb></lb>iam abundantia factum, carius vendi poſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005885">Sed malè quidem technam, quicunque il<lb></lb>le fuit, excogitauit, in tam inſuaui fructu <lb></lb>tantùm mulieris incontinentiæ exprimens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005886">At dices: Arantij cortex inſuauis valde eſt, <lb></lb>citrij ſuauis: caro quoque citrio craſſiſſima, <lb></lb>arantio propè nulla. </s> <s id="s.005887">Sed à regionibus diſ<lb></lb>crimina ſumpta fuêre: calidior enim & ſic<lb></lb>cior, & agreſtis magis arantij fructus, ma<lb></lb>lus autem medica, quaſi domeſtica plan<lb></lb>ta, vt arantij ſylueſtris. </s> <s id="s.005888">Propagantur au<lb></lb>tem vtræque, & eiſdem modis. </s> <s id="s.005889">Odoratiſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg848"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſimæ plantarum, quod ſciam ( nam dies no<lb></lb>ua ſemper afferre ſolet ) ſunt agallochum, <lb></lb>ſeu xyloaloës, cinamomum, aſpalathum, <lb></lb>nardus, laſer, & crocus. </s> <s id="s.005890">Piper & zingiber <lb></lb>etſi ſint calidiſſima, parùm tamen olent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005891">Arbores tenuioris ſubſtantiæ ſunt herbis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg849"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed & denſiores: nam temporis longitu<lb></lb>do vim Solis adiuuat, vnde concocta te<lb></lb>nuiora redduntur, & denſiora: arbores <lb></lb>enim diu viuunt, herbæ pereunt citò. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005892">Quæ etiam benè olent ex herbis, odorem <lb></lb>niſi in radicibus ob tenuitatem diu retine<lb></lb>re nequeunt, & quæ retinent, vt nardus, <lb></lb>ad arbuſculas potiùs, quàm herbas debent <lb></lb>referri. </s> <s id="s.005893">Sed tamen egregiæ tenuitatis eſt <lb></lb>ſiliquaſtrum, ſeu piperitis, aut occiden<lb></lb>tale piper. </s> <s id="s.005894">Herba eſt caule longo, & qua<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg850"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſi rubro, crebris geniculis, foliis lau<lb></lb>ri, floribus candidis, radice vnica ſub<lb></lb>alba, capillamentis fibrata, ſiliquis ob<lb></lb>longis, magnis ac rubentibus admodum <lb></lb>vt purpura, cum non leui ſplendore, vt <lb></lb>virulentum quid referant, ſemine intùs <lb></lb>flaueſcente, molli: adeò acri, vt longè <lb></lb>piper ſuperet, vnde in vltimo caliditatis, <lb></lb>ac ſiccitatis, tùm tenuitatis conſiſtere ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.005895">Acrius etiam vrget, dum imma<lb></lb>tura eſt ſiliqua, & ipſe cortex ſiliquæ: vn<lb></lb>de tametſi in vſum venerit, & Hiſpanio<lb></lb>la inſula orbis alterius in noſtrum aduecta <lb></lb>anno 1493. veneni haud eſt expers. </s> <s id="s.005896">Ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg851"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nenum enim plantæ plerunque retinent, <lb></lb>aut natura, aut caſu: ſed natura in his po<lb></lb>tentior eſt. </s> <s id="s.005897">Natura pernitioſæ ſunt, quæ <lb></lb>odorem habent grauiſſimum, aut ſapo<lb></lb>rem, qui ferri non poſſit, qualem huic ſi<lb></lb>liquaſtro eſſe diximus: aut quæ ſuccum non <lb></lb>viridem emittunt, vt tithymalorum ge<lb></lb>nera omnia. </s> <s id="s.005898">Sed & ficus lac exedens <lb></lb>mittit, & lactuca cùm ob ſenium immodicè <pb pagenum="484" xlink:href="016/01/133.jpg"></pb>frigida euaſerit. </s> <s id="s.005899">Nam cùm ſuccus ad alie<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg852"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>num transfertur colorem à viridi, neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt, vt vel ab immodica frigiditate, aut ſic<lb></lb>citate, aut putredine corrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.005900">Frigidi<lb></lb>tas enim opus caloris impedit: ſiccitas verò, <lb></lb>ne mutetur, quod concoquitur, facit. </s> <s id="s.005901">Vn<lb></lb>de ſicca priùs ac potiùs vruntur, quàm con<lb></lb>coquantur: putredo verò, quod iam fa<lb></lb>ctum eſt, euertit. </s> <s id="s.005902">Candidus quidem ex <lb></lb>omnibus his colos in ſuccis fit, à quibus <lb></lb>etiam croceus, ſed non à frigiditate: ſicut <lb></lb>& niger, ſed non ob putredinem. </s> <s id="s.005903">Quam<lb></lb>obrem omnis color ſucci in plantis, viri<lb></lb>di excepto, venenoſæ qualitatis eſt argu<lb></lb>mentum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg853"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005904"><margin.target id="marg841"></margin.target>Partes <expan abbr="plan-tarũ">plan<lb></lb>tarum</expan>, & ani<lb></lb>malium ſibi <lb></lb>inuicem ſi<lb></lb>miles. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005905">Radicum <lb></lb>partes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005906"><margin.target id="marg842"></margin.target>Decocta ex <lb></lb>lignoſa parte <lb></lb>fieri debent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005907"><margin.target id="marg843"></margin.target>Florum <lb></lb>partes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005908"><margin.target id="marg844"></margin.target>Apollinis <lb></lb>flos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005909">Cur calix <lb></lb>floribus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005910"><margin.target id="marg845"></margin.target>Flores cur <lb></lb>neceſſarij.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005911"><margin.target id="marg846"></margin.target>Quæ plantæ <lb></lb>ex toto odo<lb></lb>ratæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005912"><margin.target id="marg847"></margin.target>Mali medi<lb></lb>cæ ſpecies.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005913"><margin.target id="marg848"></margin.target>Quæ plantæ <lb></lb>maximè <lb></lb>odoratæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005914"><margin.target id="marg849"></margin.target>Arbores her<lb></lb>bis <expan abbr="plerunq;">plerunque</expan> <lb></lb>tenuioris <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005915">ſunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005916"><margin.target id="marg850"></margin.target>Siliqua<lb></lb>ſtrum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005917"><margin.target id="marg851"></margin.target>Venenoſæ <lb></lb>plantæ qua <lb></lb>ſunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005918"><margin.target id="marg852"></margin.target>Lac in plan<lb></lb>tis cur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005919"><margin.target id="marg853"></margin.target>Lac planta<lb></lb>rum cur te<lb></lb>nax. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005920">Viſci compo<lb></lb>ſitio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005921">Sed cur omne plantarum lac admodum <lb></lb>tenax? </s> <s id="s.005922">Quoniam viſcidum fit, quoties ca<lb></lb>lor in humidum tenue ac pingue terreo mi<lb></lb>ſtum plus iuſto egerit. </s> <s id="s.005923">Itaque ex planta<lb></lb>rum radicibus, quæ lac emittunt, fit viſ<lb></lb>cum: lac enim <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) plantarum tenax <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.005924">Miſcentur autem ſuccus radicis plantæ <lb></lb>lac ferentis cum laricis lachryma, & Græ<lb></lb>ca pix cum olei modico: & tandiu ſimul co<lb></lb>quuntur, donec diſtrahendo non frangatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005925">Reſiſtit hoc aquæ, quia oleum prohibet, <lb></lb>ne aqua illi hæreat, aut miſceatur: Gigni<lb></lb>tur autem viſcum in radice è lacte putrefa<lb></lb>cto, velut & lac in plantis è ſitu quodam ſuc<lb></lb>ci, vnde in lactucis, & cichorea, & ob hu<lb></lb>midi abundantiam in ficu. </s> <s id="s.005926">Indicio eſt, quòd <lb></lb>vbi viſcum generatur in radice, generantur <lb></lb>& vermes. </s> <s id="s.005927">Plantæ plures generant ex his, <lb></lb>ſed præcipua quæ florem candidum profert, <arrow.to.target n="marg854"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& poſtquam effloruerit pappos. </s> <s id="s.005928">Sunt & quæ <lb></lb>in radicibus generant alia, velut tuſſilago <lb></lb>lanam, ex qua optima fit eſca. </s> <s id="s.005929">Et alia co<lb></lb>lores gignunt: nihil enim prohibet multa <lb></lb>ſub terra generari, cùm ſuper terram nemo <lb></lb>admiretur: terra enim parens omnium. </s> <s id="s.005930">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque tamen ſub terra gignuntur ad ſuc<lb></lb>cos pertinentia: clariora euadunt in germi<lb></lb>ne: vnde tithymalus album <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) ſuc<lb></lb>cum, chelidonia verò croceum emittit: Sunt <lb></lb>& quæ ſplendeant, vt ranunculorum ſpecies <lb></lb>omnes, & præcipuè aconitum, quod maxi<lb></lb>mè exitiale eſt: nam ſplendor ille ob immo<lb></lb>dicam prouenit ſiccitatem. </s> <s id="s.005931">Caſu verò natæ <lb></lb>plantæ in metallorum fodinis, aut iuxta cu<lb></lb>bicula ſerpentum, & quæ iuxta æs aut fer<lb></lb>rum rubigine obſitum adoleuerint, & in <lb></lb>paludibus, ſtagnis; cloacis, ac ſepulchris. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg855"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Fungi etiam iuxta oleas. </s> <s id="s.005932">Malè & grauiter <lb></lb>olent ſolani omnes ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.005933">Neſcio ſtramo<lb></lb>niam, ſeu malum ſpinoſum, ac inter ſolani <lb></lb>ſpecies adnumerem, certè folia ſuccum ni<lb></lb>gri papaueris olent: ipſa verò poma cocta <lb></lb>ſi edantur, præſentem inſaniam, ac ridicu<lb></lb>lam quaſi excitant. </s> <s id="s.005934">Herba eſt radice mul<lb></lb>tifida, ferruginea, caule digitali, & craſ<lb></lb>ſiore etiam longè, quaſi rotundo, folio am<lb></lb>plo, ex aduerſa parte ſubnigro: domeſtica <lb></lb>viridi flaueſcente, oblongo, molli, tenui <lb></lb>quaſi ad vitis inſtar: flores candidi è vagi<lb></lb>nis prodeuntes calathi modo, ſuaue olentes <lb></lb>liliaceum. </s> <s id="s.005935">Sed nulla certior nota, quàm po<lb></lb>morum, quæ Armeniaca æquant magnitu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg856"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dine, & forma, cæterùm viridia ac ſpino<lb></lb>ſa: intùs complentur ſemine ferruginei co<lb></lb>loris, magnitudine erui. </s> <s id="s.005936">Sunt autem quæ<lb></lb>dam, quæ figura ipſa vires produnt: velut <lb></lb>echij ſemen, quod capiti ſerpentis ſimile <lb></lb>eſt, aduerſus etiam venena viperarum præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſimum auxilium præbet: & napelli <lb></lb>flores antequàm aperiantur, capitis humani <lb></lb>mortui ſeu potiùs caluariæ effigiem præbent: <lb></lb>etenim radix ipſa lethifera admodum eſt. </s> <s id="s.005937">An <lb></lb>hoc quidem caſu, an ratione quadam natu<lb></lb>rali conſtat? </s> <s id="s.005938">an melior aliqua mens hoc præ<lb></lb>ſtitit? </s> <s id="s.005939">Nam & in animalibus hoc idem mani<lb></lb>feſtum: ſiquidem canes norunt herbam, quæ <lb></lb>illis vomitum cit: & capræ diptamum Cre<lb></lb>tenſe, teſte Virgilio: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>——Non illa feris incognita capris <lb></lb>Gramina, cum tergo volucres hæsêre ſagittæ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005940"><margin.target id="marg854"></margin.target>Eſca ex tuſ<lb></lb>ſilagine.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005941"><margin.target id="marg855"></margin.target>Malum ſpi<lb></lb>noſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005942"><margin.target id="marg856"></margin.target>Plantæ quæ<lb></lb>tlam forma <lb></lb>vires pro<lb></lb>dunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005943">Aſini quoque ſi quando atra bile labora<lb></lb>uerint, edunt aſplenum, ſpleniſque tumo<lb></lb>rem finiunt. </s> <s id="s.005944">Feruntur & hirundines cheli<lb></lb>doniam agnoſcere, & vires illius experiri <lb></lb>reparatis oculis. </s> <s id="s.005945">Eadem ratione cardueles eu<lb></lb>fragiam, viperæ fœniculum reparandi viſus <lb></lb>cauſa norunt. </s> <s id="s.005946">Sæpè enim cardueles matuti<lb></lb>nis horis viſi ſunt oculos eufragiæ affricare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005947">Plura ſunt huius rei exempla. </s> <s id="s.005948">Sed in proui<lb></lb>dentiam referre cuncta, abſurdum, cùm ca<lb></lb>ſu pleraque contingant: abſurdius autem, ni<lb></lb>hil: non enim efſet prouidentia. </s> <s id="s.005949">Quæ igitur <lb></lb>prouidentia fiant, & quæ non, alibi diſſe<lb></lb>remus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005950">Verùm his relictis ad olentes plantas re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg857"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>deamus, eáſque quæ potiùs vſui ſunt, quàm <lb></lb>iacturæ: Ergo Laſeri primo tanta iucundi<lb></lb>tas ac illius floribus, vt cogantur, Ariano <lb></lb>teſte, pecus incolæ arcere, ne diſrumpatur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg858"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Naſcitur in Paropaniſo monte, quamvis <lb></lb>Macedones iactarent in Caucaſo eum vidiſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.005951">Caulem habet ferulæ ſimilem, folia <lb></lb>Apij, ſemen latum, quaſi foliaceum, radi<lb></lb>cem nigram. </s> <s id="s.005952">Affinem ſuccum habemus <lb></lb>Belzoi, ſed non eundem: nam præter id, <lb></lb>quod nec tenuis, aut calidus ſit, aut acris, <lb></lb>in ſummo ex arbore etiam oritur. </s> <s id="s.005953">Vnde <lb></lb>Vertomanus erroris cauſam dedit. </s> <s id="s.005954">Simili <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg859"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fermè diſcrimine ferunt lignum eſſe aloën <lb></lb>vocatum, hoc noſtro, quod ad nos defer<lb></lb>tur longè fragrantius. </s> <s id="s.005955">Sunt enim illius tria <lb></lb>genera: optimum quod colampat dicitur, <lb></lb>adeò fragrans, vt in manu detentum om<lb></lb>nem alium odorem obſcuret: huius rei cau<lb></lb>ſa ad nos non vehitur. </s> <s id="s.005956">Naſcitur enim in <lb></lb>Taprobana inſula, quæ noſtra ætate Suma<lb></lb>tra, tùm ab incolis, tùm a Luſitanis dici<lb></lb>tur, vbi præter opes egregias luxus etiam <lb></lb>prohibet, ne thymiamata pretioſiora ad <lb></lb>nos deferantur. </s> <s id="s.005957">Hoc illud eſſe exiſtimo, <lb></lb>quod accenſum, in lachrymam totum ver<lb></lb>titur, licet lignum ſit. </s> <s id="s.005958">Idque nobis ſpectan<lb></lb>tibus oſtendit Gulielmus Caſanatus Beſun<lb></lb>tinus medicus. </s> <s id="s.005959">Secundum quod in aqua <lb></lb>mergitur, vt buxus, lignum ſanctum, li<lb></lb>cet leue, cùm robur innater, aëris enim ex<lb></lb>pers eſt. </s> <s id="s.005960">Meminit huius experimenti D. <lb></lb>Eraſmus, & nos periculum fecimus illius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005961">Huius quàm primi maior copia eſt, minor <lb></lb>tamen, quàm viliſſim; Hoc eſt, quod neque <lb></lb>ſoluitur in lachrymam ab igne, nec in aquam <lb></lb>deſcendit: ſed tamen dum flagrat, fragrat <lb></lb>mirum in modum: quapropter cùm inter <lb></lb>odorata odore præſtet, medica ratione inter <pb pagenum="485" xlink:href="016/01/134.jpg"></pb>aromata meritò mirantur. </s> <s id="s.005962">Iam loco agal<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg860"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lochi diu vendiderunt oleaſtrum. </s> <s id="s.005963">Hic enim <lb></lb>Rhodonatus, ſeu regionis natura, ſeu <lb></lb>quòd planta ſit alterius generis, colore re<lb></lb>fert agallochum: nec videtur omninò odo<lb></lb>ris expers, ſuauiter enim, ſed parum olet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005964">Videtur autem hoc haud difficilè, cùm rara <lb></lb>ligna à calore proprio meliùs concoquantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005965">Odor autem bonus, eſt humidi benè conco<lb></lb>cti exhalatio. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg861"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005966"><margin.target id="marg857"></margin.target>Lazer ex quo <lb></lb>Belzoi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005967"><margin.target id="marg858"></margin.target>Lib. 3. de ge<lb></lb>ſtis Alexan<lb></lb>dri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005968"><margin.target id="marg859"></margin.target>Xyloaloes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005969"><margin.target id="marg860"></margin.target>Oliuaſtes <lb></lb>Rhodius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005970"><margin.target id="marg861"></margin.target>Ligna cur <lb></lb>prona ad <expan abbr="ſu-perficiẽ">ſu<lb></lb>perficiem</expan> aquæ <lb></lb>maneant non <lb></lb>recta.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005971">Sed cur ligna in aqua non erecta ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum manent, ſed prona ac aquæ ſu<lb></lb>perficiei æquidiſtantia, quum tamen ex al<lb></lb>tis locis præcipitantur, deſcendunt in aëre <lb></lb>altero capite ac rectè? </s> <s id="s.005972">Cauſa eſt, quòd ſo<lb></lb>let è capite altero præcipitari, vnde in aëre <lb></lb>ob temporis breuitatem & impetum non <lb></lb>poteſt ſe conuertere: at in aqua quum ob <lb></lb>illius craſſitiem lentè deſcendat, caput reli<lb></lb>quum ligni, & ipſum petit fundum, vnde <lb></lb>in aqua totum lignum ad æquilibrium ma<lb></lb>net. </s> <s id="s.005973">Hac ratione firmantur naues, ancho<lb></lb>ra A B C, fune F, naui alligata proiicitur <lb></lb>in mare, ita vt imo B, tangat fundum: <lb></lb>protracta igitur ne trabs DE, infixa iaceat <lb></lb>ſublimis, & ad perpendiculum ſuperficiei <lb></lb>aquæ, mariſque fundum ( nam DE, iacet <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.134.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/134/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ad perpendiculum ſuperficiei A C, ita <lb></lb>quòd ſi eſſet in B, faceret crucem cum vn<lb></lb>cis ) igitur quum A C, iaceat ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum ſuperficiei D E, & D E, ſit æqui<lb></lb>diſtans fundo maris, erit ( ex conuerſa quar<lb></lb>tæ decimæ vndecimi Elementorum ) A C, <lb></lb>iacens, neceſſariò perpendicularis ſuper <lb></lb>fundum maris, quare vncorum alter A, vel <lb></lb>C, infigetur ob grauitatem maris fundo, <lb></lb>nauiſque retinebitur. </s> <s id="s.005974">Ergo ſi tignum DE, <lb></lb>non adeſſet, ratione propoſita A C, cade<lb></lb>ret ſemper æquidiſtans fundo maris, qua<lb></lb>re nunquam figi poſſet, nec nauim retinere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005975">Ea de cauſa fiunt & anchoræ vncis quatuor <lb></lb>in crucem actis, ſed minùs tutò committun<lb></lb>tur his, qui binos habent tigno tranſuerſo, <lb></lb>quòd ſi hæreant, etiam longè ſunt imbe<lb></lb>cilliores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005976">Sed ad plantarum hiſtoriam redeo. </s> <s id="s.005977">Ci<arrow.to.target n="marg862"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>namomum lauri arbori haud abſimile eſt, <lb></lb>folia foliis truncus trunco ſimilis, niſi quòd <lb></lb>humilis eſt, & latè vt ſalix diffunditur. </s> <s id="s.005978">Sed <lb></lb>& cinamomi baccæ lauri baccis: verun<lb></lb>tamen illæ his minores ſunt, & candi<lb></lb>cantes. </s> <s id="s.005979">Vnde licet coniectari arborem <lb></lb>vnam eſſe, ſed regionibus ſolùm diſtingui. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005980">Calor enim Indiæ humorem corticis con<lb></lb>coquere optimè poteſt, Europæ nequit. </s> <s id="s.005981">Eſt <lb></lb>autem cinamomum cortex ramorum detra<lb></lb>ctus <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> truncum enim non violant, ne pe<lb></lb>reat arbor ) ſiccatus: nam menſis ſpatio <lb></lb>odoris ea ſuauitas, poſtquàm delibratum <lb></lb>fuerit: abſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.005982">Sunt qui cinamomum <lb></lb>arbori mali punici ſimile dicant. </s> <s id="s.005983">Surculo<lb></lb>ſum eſt, ſiccitate gaudens. </s> <s id="s.005984">E baccis quo<lb></lb>que velut è lauri oleum effunditur effica<lb></lb>ciſſimi ac iucundiſſimi odoris. </s> <s id="s.005985">Cinamo<lb></lb>mum appello, quod in vſu eſt: non olim <lb></lb>ab antiquis quæſitum. </s> <s id="s.005986">Illud enim iucun<lb></lb>diſſimi, & fragrantiſſimi odoris erat, no<lb></lb>diſque plenum, & coloris ex candido, cæ<lb></lb>ruleo, nigróque miſti. </s> <s id="s.005987">Sed & tunc rarum <lb></lb>etiam apud Cæſarem. </s> <s id="s.005988">Noſtrum verò caſſiæ <lb></lb>nomine potiùs dignum videtur. </s> <s id="s.005989">Quod ve<lb></lb>rò tale erat, tenuiſſimæ ſubſtantiæ eſſe ne<lb></lb>ceſſe fuit: eſt enim fragrantia, & ipſa ſub<lb></lb>tilitatis donum. </s> <s id="s.005990">Myriſtica verò nux in in<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg863"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſula Bandan naſcitur, vt cinamomum in <lb></lb>alia inſula nomine Zailon, Indiæ vtræque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.005991">Porrò arbor ex toto perſico caudice ramis <lb></lb>ac folio eſt perſimilis, niſi quòd arbos ma<lb></lb>ior, & folia anguſtiora paulò ſunt. </s> <s id="s.005992">Flore <lb></lb>quodam & ipſæ myriſticæ nuces circundan<lb></lb>tur, vt cortice, tum alio etiam non ſecùs ac <lb></lb>iuglandes. </s> <s id="s.005993">Porrò interior cortex, qui etiam <lb></lb>tenuior eſt ac reticulatus ſub nucamento, ſo<lb></lb>let vocari Macer, & ipſe odoris iucundi, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg864"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nobis frequenti in vſu: aſtringit enim, nec <lb></lb>multùm excalefacit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005994"><margin.target id="marg862"></margin.target>Cinamo<lb></lb>mum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005995"><margin.target id="marg863"></margin.target>Myriſtica <lb></lb>nux.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.005996"><margin.target id="marg864"></margin.target>Macer.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.005997">Garyophylum in Moluchis inſulis, quæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg865"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quinque ſunt paruæ ſub æquinoctij circu<lb></lb>lo, naſcitur. </s> <s id="s.005998">Naſcitur & in Gilo inſu<lb></lb>la, quæ Sicilia maior eſt non parùm: atque <lb></lb>in parua quadam alia inſula vltra Tidorem, <lb></lb>quæ vna eſt ex quinque Moluchis. </s> <s id="s.005999">Sunt <lb></lb>enim Moluchæ, Tarenas, Tidor, Muttir, <lb></lb>Macchiam, Bacchiam. </s> <s id="s.006000">Verùm quod in inſula <lb></lb>parua oritur proxima Moluchis, non verum <lb></lb>eſt garyophylum. </s> <s id="s.006001">Cortex lignum & folia <lb></lb>garyophyli non minùs ipſo fructu acria ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006002">Naſcitur in collibus, ac collium accliui<lb></lb>bus: nebuláque quotidie circundantur, quæ <lb></lb>illis non parùm ad maturitatem confert. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006003">Arbor hæc alio tranſlata areſcit, vt ſa<lb></lb>tis conſtet aromatum eſſe nobiliſſimam, <lb></lb>vt thymiamatum vltimam. </s> <s id="s.006004">Planta eſt bu<lb></lb>xeo caudice, foliis lauri paulò rotundiori<lb></lb>bus, denſatúrque arbores adeò vt lucum effi<lb></lb>ciant. </s> <s id="s.006005">E ſummitate ramuſculorum garyo<lb></lb>phylum naſcitur maius, quod vocant cla<lb></lb>uum, corolla prius tamen in ea flos per<lb></lb>ſimilis floribus citranguli: cuſpis fructus <lb></lb>garyophyli ſtipiti inſidet, parte verò latio<lb></lb>re abſcedit à planta: rubeſcit initiò, mox <lb></lb>deinde nigreſcit. </s> <s id="s.006006">Mittunt Moluchæ etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg866"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>zingiber, quod paſſim naſcitur: ſed & ali<lb></lb>bi pluribus in locis: vilius inde, tum quia <lb></lb>herba eſt. </s> <s id="s.006007">radices iridis ad modum habens, <lb></lb>è cuius genere ipſam eſſe reor, multipli<lb></lb>ces & prægrandes, adeò vt quædam vncias <lb></lb>duodecim pondere æquent: relinquitur vna <lb></lb>ad propagationem. </s> <s id="s.006008">At piper hederæ haud <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg867"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>abſimile eſt, humilis arbuſcula, & quæ <lb></lb>per ſe nequeat conſiſtere, ſed aliis inhæreat <lb></lb>arboribus, nec tamen pediculis putant an<lb></lb>necti, ramos emittit plures duorum, aut <lb></lb>trium palmorum longitudine: è ſingulis mal<lb></lb>leolis ſeni dependent racemi palmo haud <lb></lb>maiores, & vuis è quibus paſſulæ fieri <lb></lb>ſolent haud abſimiles, verùm granis crebrio<lb></lb>ribus ac magis confertis, quæ Octobri ac <pb pagenum="486" xlink:href="016/01/135.jpg"></pb>Nouembri menſe adhuc viridia colligunt, <lb></lb>ac expoſita ſub Sole triduo, nigra efficiunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006009">Cæterum arboris folium plantaginis folio <lb></lb>quaſi perſimile, quod pediculo admodum <lb></lb>breui adhæret ſurculo iunctum: ſed qua <lb></lb>parte pediculo iungitur, folium ea rotundum <lb></lb>eſt, in ſummo autem vertice mucronatum, <lb></lb>non ſecùs ac medicæ mali, folia illa quæ in <lb></lb>mucronem deſinunt: à tergo folij ſeptem <lb></lb>nerui ſunt, vt in plantagine: ſed non oriun<lb></lb>tur qui à lateribus, ab eo qui eſt in medio, <lb></lb>verùm ex interuallis, ab imo ad ſupremum <lb></lb>folij tendentes, medium ſepiunt, obliquè <lb></lb>quaſi diſpoſiti, nec ex æquo, nec craſſitu<lb></lb>do illa quæ folio mali medici. </s> <s id="s.006010">Longi autem <lb></lb>piperis procerior arbor, & folia maiora <lb></lb>quàm rotundi, attamen ſimillima. </s> <s id="s.006011">Satis au<lb></lb>tem conſtat vt cinamomum arborem lauri <lb></lb>eſſe docuimus, ita piper hederæ ſpeciem, <lb></lb>regionis cœlo perfectam ac excultam: quip<lb></lb>pe in Calechuto Indiæ naſcitur, atque etiam <lb></lb>in agro ſuburbano. </s> <s id="s.006012">Huius quod diximus ar<lb></lb>gumentum erit, quòd tranſlata ad nos hæc <lb></lb>arbor, paucis propagationibus in hederam <lb></lb>tranſibit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006013"><margin.target id="marg865"></margin.target>Garyophy<lb></lb>lum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006014"><margin.target id="marg866"></margin.target>Zingiber.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006015"><margin.target id="marg867"></margin.target>Piper.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006016">Scio hæc aduerſari Dioſcoridi: ſed anti<lb></lb>qui audita ſcripſerunt: audaciores, neceſſi<lb></lb>tate & ſtudio gloriæ, cuius cauſa venia <lb></lb>digni ſunt? </s> <s id="s.006017">alioqui neque laboribus, nec <lb></lb>diligentiæ, aut pecuniæ parcentes. </s> <s id="s.006018">Sed à ga<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg868"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ryophylo fructu flos quidam apud nos ſua<lb></lb>uitate odoris nomen ſumpſit. </s> <s id="s.006019">Candidus <lb></lb>eſt, alius rubens, alius è duobus colori<lb></lb>bus miſtus: humilis herba, porri foliis, <lb></lb>ſed anguſtioribus: maxima cura in vaſis <lb></lb>educatur, nec minus iucundus aſpectu quàm <lb></lb>odore. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg869"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006020"><margin.target id="marg868"></margin.target>Garyophy<lb></lb>lus flos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006021"><margin.target id="marg869"></margin.target>Thus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006022">Eſt & thuris planta, cuius lachryma ſuffiri <lb></lb>templa ſolent, quòd odore ſit iucundiſſimo, <lb></lb>dum ardet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006023">Abies, hæc eſt puſilla: quæ apud Sabæos, ob <lb></lb>ſiccitatem cœli, lachrymam hanc mittit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006024">Vnde Mutuanus Poëta: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>——Molles ſua thura Sabæi.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006025">Validior quæ ſpontè fluit, imbecillior <arrow.to.target n="marg870"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ ex ſaucia arbore: quod in omnibus li<lb></lb>quoribus obſeruatione dignum. </s> <s id="s.006026">Sed apud <lb></lb>nos, abieti vnica laus eſt, quòd rectà ma<lb></lb>ximè inter arbores aſſurgat: propterea in <lb></lb>plaſtices proplaſmatis atque fabrili omni <lb></lb>alio opere cunctis aliis lignis præfertur, vt <lb></lb>quod vix in aliis nec tutò conſequi arte poſ<lb></lb>ſis, in huius arboris trunco natura optimè <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg871"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>præſtet. </s> <s id="s.006027">In tantam verò magnitudinem cre<lb></lb>ſcit, vt in Zofingen, Bernenſis Prouinciæ <lb></lb>Heluetiorum, pleræque centum & triginta <lb></lb>pedes longitudine ſuperent. </s> <s id="s.006028">Pars verò re<lb></lb>cta, craſſa, vndique æqualiter & eno<lb></lb>dis, pedes centum & decem. </s> <s id="s.006029">Vnde tam <lb></lb>longo tractu Ianuam ( ſeu Genuam appel<lb></lb>lare malis ) ad malos nauium fabricandos, <lb></lb>vehi merentur: ſiquidem primùm per Aro<lb></lb>lam fluuium adducuntur, inde Rhenum, po<lb></lb>ſtea per mare Anglicum, inde Hiſpanum, <lb></lb>demum Mediterraneum deducuntur. </s> <s id="s.006030">Vidi<lb></lb>mus nos dum Genuæ eſſemus, plures incre<lb></lb>dibili proceritate, rectitudine, æqualitate <lb></lb>atque craſſitie, vt mirari neceſſe eſſet natu<lb></lb>ræ conatum. </s> <s id="s.006031">Naſcitur in montibus, teſte <lb></lb>Virgilius. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>——Abies in montibus altis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006032"><margin.target id="marg870"></margin.target>Abies ſola ex <lb></lb>arboribus, <lb></lb>ſpontè recta. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006033"><margin.target id="marg871"></margin.target>Abietis ma<lb></lb>gnitudo in<lb></lb>credibilis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006034">Cauſa horum eſt primùm ſucci copia: ne<lb></lb>que enim ſine materia quicquam magnum <lb></lb>eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.006035">Inde viuacitas: nam tempore <lb></lb>augmentum indiget. </s> <s id="s.006036">Eſt etiam minimè mul<lb></lb>tifida natura neruorum, quibus arboris cau<lb></lb>dex conſtat, ſed ſimplex, & enodis, quia <lb></lb>humidi ſubſtantia æqualis eſt, & terreo <lb></lb>æqualiter miſta. </s> <s id="s.006037">Quòd verò nerui ſimplices <lb></lb>ſint, hoc contingit ex vi propriæ ſpeciei: <lb></lb>nam hypericum vndequaque bifidum eſt, <lb></lb>alia ſimiliter in neruorum multitudine ean<lb></lb>dem ſeruant rationem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006038">Sed ad thuris redeo hiſtoriam. </s> <s id="s.006039">Vt ſabina <lb></lb>cupreſſo, ita libanotis abieti proxima eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg872"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quòd arbuſculoſa ex arboris genere ſit: ita<lb></lb>que in Apennino herbam, aut potius ſuf<lb></lb>fruticem libanotidi ſimile, imo ex illius ge<lb></lb>nere, anguſtioribus foliis, acri ſapore, vi<lb></lb>di, quod ita thuris odorem, ſaporémque <lb></lb>refert, vt non dubium ſit, thus non ex alio <lb></lb>plantæ genere fluere. </s> <s id="s.006040">Ergo thuris arbor, <lb></lb>abies, libanotiſque, eiuſdem ſunt generis, <lb></lb>ſed <expan abbr="regionũ">regionum</expan> qualitate & naturæ robore dif<lb></lb>ferunt, Thus in Arabia fœcunditate ſoli <lb></lb>prodit è planta: frigore cœlo abies in arbo<lb></lb>rem creſcit, & lachrymam minus effica<lb></lb>cem, copioſiorem tamen, emittit. </s> <s id="s.006041">Liba<lb></lb>notis nomine thus referens, ſiccior abiete, <lb></lb>non excreſcit in arborem, frigidior thure <lb></lb>lachrymam emittere nequit. </s> <s id="s.006042">Vires tamen <lb></lb>ex his coniectari & vſum transferre licet, <lb></lb>mirarique naturæ in his opera: nam eadem <lb></lb>fermè ratio in cunctis arborum, & herba<lb></lb>rum generibus. </s> <s id="s.006043">Thus verò ipſum ſeu lachry<lb></lb>ma non eiuſdem generis, nec æqualis apud <lb></lb>omnes. </s> <s id="s.006044">Æthiopicum nanque adeò fragrat, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg873"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt noſtrum hoc thus dici non mereatur: ſed <lb></lb>non omne, verùm ſpecies tantùm quædam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006045">Indicio eſt quòd rarum id ſit, & etiam apud <lb></lb>illos in pretio: quamobrem eo ſolùm vtun<lb></lb>tur Reges, quos Neguz materna lingua vo<lb></lb>cant, ad ſuffitus ceremoniarum. </s> <s id="s.006046">Neque mi<lb></lb>rum: ſpecies enim ſunt & equorum, & ca<lb></lb>num, atque ſingulorum quædam genero<lb></lb>ſiores, nonnihil conferente ſolo. </s> <s id="s.006047">Facit & ad <lb></lb>id arborum cultus, vt quæ inter lapides, & <lb></lb>in apricis locis, & colligendi ſucci modus, <lb></lb>aut quoniam ſyncerum omnino eſt, aut quia <lb></lb>ſpontè manat, velut de vinis, quorum diſ<lb></lb>crimina colligendi atque extrahendi ratione <lb></lb>tam multa ac varia ſunt, atque adeò ma<lb></lb>gna, vt vix credere cuiquam liceat, qui non <lb></lb>experiatur. </s> <s id="s.006048">Nam plerique ſucci igne adu<lb></lb>runtur: & qui inter eos arteriaci vocantur, <lb></lb>peſſimi: vt liquiritiæ ſeu glycyrrhizæ. </s> <s id="s.006049">Op<lb></lb>timus ſuccus omnis, qui tranſlucet & con<lb></lb>ſiſtit: nam quia tranſlucet, purus eſt, & <lb></lb>minimè aduſtus: quum conſiſtit, pingui hu<lb></lb>mio abundat. </s> <s id="s.006050">Sic aloës optima, & reliqui <lb></lb>ſucci, tum lachrymæ. </s> <s id="s.006051">Sed thymiamatum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg874"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ratio longè diuerſa: nam odor eſt in ſiccato <lb></lb>humido: nec comburi debet, ignis enim <lb></lb>non olet, ſed fumus: non igitur puluis, <lb></lb>exuritur enim, & non emittit fumum. </s> <s id="s.006052">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque igitur olent, craſſa eſſe oportet: & <lb></lb>quæ ſubſtantia ſunt craſſiore, vt thus, mo<lb></lb>dicè contrita. </s> <s id="s.006053">Puluis autem tenuiſſimus ni<lb></lb>hil olet, & quanto rei fuerit ſubſtantiæ te<lb></lb>nuioris. </s> <s id="s.006054">Sed & aqueum humidum impedit <pb pagenum="487" xlink:href="016/01/136.jpg"></pb>odores: dum enim manet, non redolet: dum <lb></lb>abſumitur, vritur quod pingue eſt: facilius <lb></lb>enim abſumitur igne pingue humidum <lb></lb>aqueo. </s> <s id="s.006055">Pingue verò humidum eſt, quod vri<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006056">Sic Virgil. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>In pingui feruent incendia ſucco.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006057"><margin.target id="marg872"></margin.target>Libanotis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006058"><margin.target id="marg873"></margin.target>Thus Æthio<lb></lb>picum nobi<lb></lb>liſſimum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006059"><margin.target id="marg874"></margin.target>Aloes opti<lb></lb>ma. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006060">Odorum ra<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006061">Antequam igitur humidum aqueum ab<lb></lb>ſumatur, vritur pingue, atque ita tollitur <lb></lb>fragrantia. </s> <s id="s.006062">Sed ad lachrymas arborum atque <lb></lb>herbarum reuertor: quarum nobilitas eſt, <lb></lb>vel ab odore, vt laſeris, vel à colore, vt lac<lb></lb>ca, quæ ex arbore ceroſa ſimili oritur in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg875"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>orientali India: vel ab vſu, vt laricis, quæ <lb></lb>phthiſicis & leproſis maximè confert. </s> <s id="s.006063">Vnde <lb></lb>æſtuarium ex laricis arboris lignis concale<lb></lb>factum, hos quidem perſanat, illis autem <lb></lb>non parum confert, atque adeò vt aqua di<lb></lb>ſtillatione excepta etiam egregiè iuuet <lb></lb>vtrumque morbum. </s> <s id="s.006064">Sed larix ipſa ad opera <lb></lb>melior, cùm non flectatur pluuiis, aut ven<lb></lb>tis. </s> <s id="s.006065">Videntur autem abies, larixque, tum pi<lb></lb>nus, eiuſdem eſſe ſpeciei. </s> <s id="s.006066">Sed nobilior la<lb></lb>chryma abietis, picea deterior, media lari<lb></lb>cis: conueniunt enim ſucco & forma, & om<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg876"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nibuſque penè accidentibus. </s> <s id="s.006067">Succus verò <lb></lb>hic adeò pinguis, velut in animalibus ſan<lb></lb>guis: vnde dilutior in tenerioribus plantis, <lb></lb>obſcurior in antiquis, lucidus & pinguis in <lb></lb>adultis: ideoque calidior & humidior la<lb></lb>chryma quæcunque ſplendet, frigidior di<lb></lb>luta, ſiccior verò obſcura. </s> <s id="s.006068">In larice præcipuè, <lb></lb>quaſi fungus quidam extuberat agaricum, <lb></lb>qui cùm leuiſſimum fuerit, & candidiſſi<lb></lb>mum, tum minimè lignoſum, tum ab amari<lb></lb>tate dulce, optimum erit. </s> <s id="s.006069">Dulcia enim quæ<lb></lb>dam poſt amaritatem, velut cubebarum fru<lb></lb>ctus, & agaricum, ficut poſt dulcedinem <lb></lb>amara aloës. </s> <s id="s.006070">Cauſa dulcedinis poſt ama<lb></lb>ritatem, eſt ſubſtantia tenuis terra cum hu<lb></lb>mido benè concocto: ſiquidem tenue illud <lb></lb>citò expirat dulcior verò pars manet: velut <lb></lb>in aloë humidi quidem ſubtilis benè conco<lb></lb>cti pars modica, multum verò terrei craſſi <lb></lb>atque exuſti. </s> <s id="s.006071">Fit verò vetuſtate in aëre aga<lb></lb>ricum candidius, & leuius ac minus contu<lb></lb>max, vt fermè nihil in ipſo ad perfectio<lb></lb>nem deſiderare poſſe videaris, cùm tamen eo <lb></lb>ſit deterius, quo videtur elegantius. </s> <s id="s.006072">Hoc au<lb></lb>tem intereſt, vt diſtinguas dulcedine non <lb></lb>parua in optimo conſpicua: nam & ex vetu<lb></lb>ſtate fit amarius. </s> <s id="s.006073">Oritur igitur quaſi ex ſitu <lb></lb>lacrymæ lariciæ. </s> <s id="s.006074">Eadem natura fungorum, <lb></lb>qui arboribus glandiferis innaſcuntur, vt <lb></lb>Ilici, ſed non eadem perfectio, neque enim <lb></lb>idem calor, ob id nigri, quibus pro eſca vta<lb></lb>mur. </s> <s id="s.006075">Ergo & aliis arboribus commune eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006076">Conſentaneum autem rationi, pinguiſſimi <lb></lb>ſucci ſolidiſſimum eſſe mucorem: vt verò <lb></lb>magis exaruerit, & ſuccus tenuior fuerit, <lb></lb>erit quaſi magis concoctus. </s> <s id="s.006077">Itaque eſt & <lb></lb>modus quidam coctionis, in his quæ ſitum <lb></lb>contrahunt: demonſtratum eſt enim, in ſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg877"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tu non perfectam eſſe putredinem. </s> <s id="s.006078">Porrò la<lb></lb>ricis planta decora, flore rubenti, atque odo<lb></lb>rato. </s> <s id="s.006079">Inter lachrymas pulchritudine ipſa no<lb></lb>biles, eſt ſanguinis draconis ſuccus: à ſimili<lb></lb>tudine ſanguinis animalis dictus. </s> <s id="s.006080">Hic oritur <lb></lb>in inſula Soquotra, ambitus ſexaginta mil<lb></lb>lia paſſuum in Æihiopico mati poſita, iuxta <lb></lb>Gingim promontorium. </s> <s id="s.006081">Arbor ipſa mirabi<lb></lb>lis: ſenſim enim in cuſpidem aſcendit, velut <lb></lb>ſalis, aut ſacchariconus, ex lato ab imo in <lb></lb>anguſtum tendens: quercus folio. </s> <s id="s.006082">Lachry<lb></lb>ma huius eſt antiquorum thymiama canca<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.006083">Lacce, quam pro draconis ſanguine <lb></lb>quidam ſubſcripſerunt, copia noſtro æuo <lb></lb>eſt, ſanguinis draconis autem penuria maxi<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.006084">Adnumeratur odoribus etiam lignum <lb></lb>aſpalathi, quod ſuaue eſt, ac refrigerat, non <lb></lb>ſecus ac roſa vaciniaque, atque ideo inter <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg878"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rara. </s> <s id="s.006085">Cauſa quòd odor iucundus rarò ſit fri<lb></lb>gidus, quia calore perficitur: ob idque calo<lb></lb>rem vincere neceſſe eſt: ob hocque plera<lb></lb>que odorata, quæ aromata Græci vocant <lb></lb>calida. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006086"><margin.target id="marg875"></margin.target>Laricis la<lb></lb>chrymæ vi<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006087"><margin.target id="marg876"></margin.target>Agaricum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006088">Amara cur <lb></lb>quædam, in<lb></lb>de dulcia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006089"><margin.target id="marg877"></margin.target>Sanguinis <lb></lb>draconis ar<lb></lb>bor.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006090"><margin.target id="marg878"></margin.target>Santhalum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006091">Odorata cur <lb></lb>plerumque <lb></lb>calida.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006092">In ſanthalo autem & vaciniis, quæ vio<lb></lb>las cæruleas vocamus, calor eſt in tenuiore <lb></lb>tantùm parte, reliquum totum eſt frigidum <lb></lb>quod craſſum eſt, moleque ſuperat. </s> <s id="s.006093">Sed in <lb></lb>his obſcura non eſt frigiditas, velut in ro<lb></lb>ſis, cùm hæ in quibuſdam odore excitent <lb></lb>capitis dolorem, in aliis etiam ſanguinem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg879"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>proliciant è naribus. </s> <s id="s.006094">Eſt & è frigidarum <lb></lb>plantarum bene olentium genere myrtus, <lb></lb>arbuſtum ob elegantiam Veneri dicatum: <lb></lb>olet bene totum, ligno, fronde, fructu. </s> <s id="s.006095">Sed ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg880"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fructu defrutum. </s> <s id="s.006096">Liquor hic ſeruatur in <lb></lb>annum, non minus ſalubris vſu, quàm odo<lb></lb>re iucundus. </s> <s id="s.006097">Adnumerari poteſt his ex parte <lb></lb>muſcus odorata planta: ſerpit arbores, & vir<lb></lb>tutem illarum quibus hæret: retinet. </s> <s id="s.006098">Cedro <lb></lb>optimus innaſcitur: poſt larici, demum po<lb></lb>pulo albæ & quercui. </s> <s id="s.006099">Quercui deterior. </s> <s id="s.006100">Qui <lb></lb>larici hæret, facillimè ardet, & ardendo fra<lb></lb>gat ac ſcintillas mittit. </s> <s id="s.006101">Verùm muſcus inter <lb></lb>herbas potius quam inter arbores adnume<lb></lb>rari meretur: imò ne herba quidem omninò <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.006102">Sed aſpalathum arbor eſt in India pro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg881"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cera, quæ in frigidiore cœlo, arbuſcula eſt <lb></lb>ſpinoſa. </s> <s id="s.006103">In calidis enim ac humidis regio<lb></lb>nibus omnia proceriora, ſuccoſiora, viuacio<lb></lb>raque, niſi propria plantæ natura obſtet, adeò <lb></lb>vt nemora etiam in occidentali India aſpa<lb></lb>lathi inueniantur. </s> <s id="s.006104">At in calidis ac ſiccis re<lb></lb>gionibus minores ſunt plantæ & ſicciores, <lb></lb>validæ tamen in humidis ac frigidis imbe<lb></lb>cilles, ſucci plenæ: at quæ natura calidæ ſunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg882"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>proceræ, amplæque: frigidæ, paruæ. </s> <s id="s.006105">Quamvis <lb></lb>quædam natura etiam frigidæ, vt cicuta, lo<lb></lb>co humido, vmbroſoque melius proueniant, <lb></lb>viribus etiam efficaciora. </s> <s id="s.006106">Talem enim elige<lb></lb>bant Chij, cuius cortice iam detracto ſuc<lb></lb>cum aquæ miſtum damnatis propinabant, <lb></lb>ad mortem abſque vllo dolore accerſen<lb></lb>dam, Theophraſti teſtimonio. </s> <s id="s.006107">Imitabantur <lb></lb>enim mortem quæ in extremo ſenio contin<lb></lb>git. </s> <s id="s.006108">Nanque dolor qui in morte ſentitur, <lb></lb>contingit aut ob ſpirandi difficultate, aut ob <lb></lb>ſpiritus vitalis reſolutionem. </s> <s id="s.006109">At ſpiritus cùm <lb></lb>ſpontè diſſoluuntur, dolorem nullum affe<lb></lb>runt, velut in laboribus. </s> <s id="s.006110">Sed cauſa quæ ſpiri<lb></lb>tum diſſoluit, vt febris, vulnus, plerunque <lb></lb>ipſa dolorem affert. </s> <s id="s.006111">Cicutæ igitur ſuccus ſtu<lb></lb>porem grauem inducens, frigiditate immo<lb></lb>dica ſpiritus ipſos abſque dolore extinguit: <lb></lb>difficultatem verò ſpirandi non maiorem <lb></lb>ea, quæ ſpirituum paucitati ſatisfaciat. </s> <s id="s.006112">Quò <lb></lb>fit vt non acerba mors accidat, velut his qui <lb></lb>aqua ſuffocantur, multò verò minus quàm <lb></lb>ſtrangulatis. </s> <s id="s.006113">Itaque mors hæc quæ ex cicutæ <pb pagenum="488" xlink:href="016/01/137.jpg"></pb>ſucco paratur, & quæ ex morſu viperæ ſui <lb></lb>generis, de qua Plutarchus in M. </s> <s id="s.006114">Antonij <lb></lb>vita, cum ſapore graui fit, & ſimillima eſt ei, <lb></lb>quæ in vltima contingit ſenecta, vnde etiam <lb></lb>abſque dolore eſt. </s> <s id="s.006115">Itaque nihil mirum, ſi <lb></lb>Chij, Athenienſeſque viros egregios quos <lb></lb>morte damnaſſent, cicutæ ſucco perimerent, <lb></lb>vt quod adimerent vitæ ac dignitati illo<lb></lb>rum, mortis lenitate compenſaretur. </s> <s id="s.006116">Sunt <lb></lb>& poma mortis in prouincia Peru occiden<lb></lb>talis Indiæ nuper inuenta: ſorba ſunt odora<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg883"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>taque, quod mirum eſt: arborque ipſa <lb></lb>fruticoſa, pyri foliis, denſis, crebris ac viri<lb></lb>dioribus nec mirum varietate regionis adeò <lb></lb>pernicioſam hanc plantam euadere. </s> <s id="s.006117">Nam <lb></lb>Perſeæ poma in Perſide vbi primum orta <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg884"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nomen ſumpſerunt, & inde tranſlata cùm <lb></lb>ibi pernicioſa eſſent, in Ægypto innoxia fa<lb></lb>cta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.006118">Arbor hæc ligno ſolido, procerior <lb></lb>pyro, cui ſimillima eſt. </s> <s id="s.006119">Viret perpetua fron<lb></lb>de, fructu amygdalæ non diſſimili, prælongo <lb></lb>& viridi. </s> <s id="s.006120">Nucleus pruni, ſed minor ac mol<lb></lb>lior. </s> <s id="s.006121">Anni ſpatio maturantur, altero alteri <lb></lb>ſuccreſcente. </s> <s id="s.006122">Adeò facilè concoquitur, vt <lb></lb>nec copia grauet. </s> <s id="s.006123">Vnde alium longè à Perſi<lb></lb>co eſſe certum eſt: quandoquidem conſtet <lb></lb>eius arbores, à perſici arbore multum differ<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.006124">Miteſcunt ergo pleraque tranſlata, alia <lb></lb>etiam deteriora euadunt: itaque cùm mortis <lb></lb>pomum exitialem ſuccum ferat, quo illitæ <lb></lb>ſagittæ mortem afferant illicò, atque nullo <lb></lb>redimitam auxilio: arbos verò vmbram quæ <lb></lb>faciem totam, & palpebras inflet ac oculos <lb></lb>àbſcondat: ros ex arbore decidens ſi in ocu<lb></lb>lum incidat, corneam exedendo cæcitatem <lb></lb>pariat: lignum dum vritur capitis dolorem <lb></lb>excitat, odoremque teterrimum. </s> <s id="s.006125">Simile quip<lb></lb>piam apud Sardos efficit rhododaphne: nam <lb></lb>non ſolùm dum editur pernicioſa eſt, & ſi <lb></lb>quis ſub illius vmbra quieſcat amens fit, <lb></lb>æſtuat, & inquies fit, patiturque in ventre <lb></lb>rugitum: ſed ſi qui balneum ex illius lignis <lb></lb>concalefactum ingrediantur, ſyncopen pati <lb></lb>conſueuêre. </s> <s id="s.006126">Petrus enim Apponenſis maxi<lb></lb>mam horum partem teſtatur ſe vidiſſe: talia <lb></lb>verò contingunt, quòd humidum tenue, mo<lb></lb>dicumque bene coctum atque odoratum, <lb></lb>multo craſſo & pernicioſo miſceatur. </s> <s id="s.006127">In no<lb></lb>ſtra regione ſorba ſolùm guſtu ingrata red<lb></lb>duntur, quoniam materia exitialis humi<lb></lb>di à calore aëris ambientis putrefieri ne<lb></lb>quit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006128"><margin.target id="marg879"></margin.target>Myrtus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006129"><margin.target id="marg880"></margin.target>Muſcus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006130"><margin.target id="marg881"></margin.target>Arborum <lb></lb>differentiæ <lb></lb>ex regioni<lb></lb>bus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006131"><margin.target id="marg882"></margin.target>Mors abſque <lb></lb>dolore.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006132"><margin.target id="marg883"></margin.target>Poma mor<lb></lb>tis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006133"><margin.target id="marg884"></margin.target>Perſica in <lb></lb>Perſide ve<lb></lb>neno præ<lb></lb>dita.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006134">Verùm, poſtquam vmbram arboris huius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg885"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>noxiam eſſe diximus, quum etiam exitialem <lb></lb>nucis multi ſint experti, haud ab re fuerit <lb></lb>huius cauſam docere. </s> <s id="s.006135">Nucis planta tota fri<lb></lb>gida eſt, & malè olet, præcipuè folia & etiam <lb></lb>ſurculi, vnde multi vapores ab ipſa <expan abbr="prodeũt">prodeunt</expan>, <lb></lb>quorum maxima copia ſub ipſa arbore per<lb></lb>petuò eſt, nec foliorum multitudo ac denſi<lb></lb>tas patitur vim Solis illos abſumere, vnde <lb></lb>dormientibus noxia vmbra, imò potius locus <lb></lb>eſt: frigidiores enim qui dormiunt cerebro <lb></lb>ſunt, atque externis partibus, calore ad cor <lb></lb>reuocato. </s> <s id="s.006136">Indicio eſt, Lunæ lumen in eis <lb></lb>hæmoptoim excitare, non in vigilantibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006137">Facit ad hæc incommoda laſſitudo, & æ<lb></lb>ſtus præcedens, & corpora imbecillia & hu<lb></lb>mida, vt ſunt puerorum corpora, & malis <lb></lb>humoribus plena, & diuturna mora: cùm <lb></lb>enim hæc acceſſerint, ſydere percuſſi viden<lb></lb>tur: alij fiunt attoniti, alij in longas inci<lb></lb>dunt febres. </s> <s id="s.006138">Vnde nata opinio, ſub nucibus <lb></lb>mortuos habitare. </s> <s id="s.006139">Non igitur vmbra noxia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006140">ſed propinquitas: nam vmbra, priuatio quæ<lb></lb>dam eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006141"><margin.target id="marg885"></margin.target>Vmbra nucis <lb></lb>cur exitia<lb></lb>lis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006142">Proximæ venenis ſunt lympathicæ plan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg886"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tæ, cuiuſmodi in Hiſpaniola inſula occiden<lb></lb>talis Indiæ Cohobba, quæ ſolo odore ine<lb></lb>briat, & phanaticos reddit. </s> <s id="s.006143">Herba hæc eſt <lb></lb>credo è ſtrimoniæ genere, quæ ſi bibatur, in <lb></lb>furorem vertit: nullo modo viribus abſimi<lb></lb>lis ei quam Turcæ aſſeral vocant, cuius vſus <lb></lb>apud eos plurimus eſt, quòd non ſolùm lætos <lb></lb>reddat & alacres, ſed etiam curam omnem <lb></lb>ac metum pellat, vt ad munia etiam belli <lb></lb>ſint promptiores. </s> <s id="s.006144">Eiuſmodi apud nos cro<lb></lb>cus eſt: nam vt & aſſerat ſi copioſius eda<lb></lb>tur, non iam ſolùm alacres, ſed temulentos <lb></lb>reddit: inde etiam copioſius ſumpta occidit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006145">Talia ſunt vinum, & quæ è vino aqua ardens <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg887"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& fax bibita, & vt fertur olim œnopia ra<lb></lb>dix, à vini quadam ſimilitudine nomen <lb></lb>adepta. </s> <s id="s.006146">Olim Ioſepho Hebræo teſte, Baara <lb></lb>radix erat colore ac ſplendore flammæ, quæ <lb></lb>niſi muliebri ſanguine, lotióve perfundere<lb></lb>tur, mortem iis, qui eam tractarent affere<lb></lb>bat. </s> <s id="s.006147">Sed & ſic exitialem fuiſſe auellentibus, <lb></lb>quare à cane auelli ſolitam: qui & ipſe ea <lb></lb>auulſa periret. </s> <s id="s.006148">Eadem ſuſpenſa curabat dæ<lb></lb>moniacos atque lymphaticos. </s> <s id="s.006149">An igitur hoc <lb></lb>fabuloſum penitus? </s> <s id="s.006150">Nequaquam tam gra<lb></lb>ui autore. </s> <s id="s.006151">An hiſtoria vera? </s> <s id="s.006152">neque id: pro<lb></lb>ximum enim nimis miraculo: ſed æſtiman<lb></lb>da eſt ratio rei, ex qua veritatis imago re<lb></lb>fulgebit. </s> <s id="s.006153">Eſt Iudæa primùm regio vehemen<lb></lb>ter calida, atque tota fermè montuoſa. </s> <s id="s.006154">Baa<lb></lb>ram verò vallis, vnde radix ſic vocata, bitu<lb></lb>mine abundans, cuius pars excocta immo<lb></lb>dicè ac tenuiſſima defluebat è montibus. </s> <s id="s.006155">Ex <lb></lb>hac igitur ardenti materia ac tam tenui, in<lb></lb>ter ardores Solis maximos neque paſſim in <lb></lb>valle naſci veriſimile fuit, ſed vel ſub ipſis <lb></lb>Solis ardoribus, à quibus exacueretur ſimul <lb></lb>& concoqueretur, aut in ipſa perpetua vm<lb></lb>bra, vt nihil veneni illius penitùs, exhalaret, <lb></lb>herba hæc oriebatur & alebatur, ignea ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia: quæ cùm auellebatur, vapor ille ar<lb></lb>dens & putridus ( diximus enim putridum <lb></lb>vni eſſe quod alteri ſit naturale ) cerebro <lb></lb>exceptus illicò enecabat auellentes ſeu ho<lb></lb>mines, ſeu canes proximè adſtantes. </s> <s id="s.006156">Perfu<lb></lb>ſa verò radix muliebri ſanguine, obtunde<lb></lb>batur venenum ab ea putredine, vel acredi<lb></lb>ne lotij, ſi lotio atque ita tractabilior erat.<lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006157">Superſtitioſa verò gens addiderat, quòd <lb></lb>quomodocunque, etiamſi procul auellere<lb></lb>tur, occideret, vt res à naturalibus cauſis ad <lb></lb>religionem traduceret, qui mos ſemper fuit <lb></lb>gentis, cùm tamen hoc falſum eſſet: niſi for<lb></lb>ſan, vt in venenis diximus, quædam tradu<lb></lb>cantur continuitate rei, quòd etiam in torpe<lb></lb>dinis ſtupore docebimus, atque ita vis exi<lb></lb>tialis per funem ſerpens procul etiam quan<lb></lb>tumvis occidat: fieri enim id potuit. </s> <s id="s.006158">Quòd <lb></lb>verò ſuſpenſa collo lymphaticos curaret, aut <lb></lb>dæmoniacos, id partim ob id creditum eſt, <lb></lb>quòd tantis prædita viribus eſſet, idque per<lb></lb>ſuaſum ſit optima quæque difficillimè & <lb></lb>maximo cum periculo haberi, cùm tamen <pb pagenum="489" xlink:href="016/01/138.jpg"></pb>non omnia quæ maximo cum periculo ha<lb></lb>bentur, & difficillimè, optima ſint. </s> <s id="s.006159">Auxit <lb></lb>hanc opinionem ſuperſtitio gentis, quæ ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) maxima ſemper fuit & ruditas: nam <lb></lb>nullus populus adeò à diſciplinis abhorruit <lb></lb>vt Iudaicus, totus in ceremonias ac legem <lb></lb>intentus. </s> <s id="s.006160">Neque ergo mirum tantùm po<lb></lb>tuiſſe Baaram, nam nec tutum omninò eſt <lb></lb>nunc napellum effodere. </s> <s id="s.006161">Compara modò <lb></lb>ſpeciem plantarum, & regiones, & alimen<lb></lb>ta, quid probabilius eſſe poteſt quàm, quòd <lb></lb>miraculi loco hucuſque, aut fabulæ habi<lb></lb>tum eſt? </s> <s id="s.006162">Nihil mirum verò ali plantam bi<lb></lb>tumine, nam & ſulphure alitur. </s> <s id="s.006163">Narrat Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteles, in ſulphureis fontibus herbas puſil<lb></lb>las gigni: flantibus enim ventis ab ære exci<lb></lb>dit fæs, quam vocant auripigmentum, ea pu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg888"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>treſcit, & ideo herba oritur. </s> <s id="s.006164">Propagantur <lb></lb>enim plantæ quinque modis, ſemine, radi<lb></lb>ce, ſtolonibus, ablaqueatione ac putredine, <lb></lb>quam caſum meritò poſſumus appellare. </s> <s id="s.006165">Se<lb></lb>mine quidem pleræque, vt abies & larix: ra<lb></lb>dice, vt glycyrrhiza ac lilium. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006166"><margin.target id="marg886"></margin.target>Lymphaticæ <lb></lb>plantæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006167"><margin.target id="marg887"></margin.target>Baara radix <lb></lb>admirabilis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006168"><margin.target id="marg888"></margin.target>Herbæ in <lb></lb>aquis ſul<lb></lb>phureis naſ<lb></lb>centes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006169">Modi gene<lb></lb>rationis <expan abbr="plã-tarum">plan<lb></lb>tarum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006170">Liliarum hi<lb></lb>ſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006171">Eſt autem lilio tanta viuacitas, vt ſurculi <lb></lb>eius ſuſpenſi radicem emittant. </s> <s id="s.006172">Exiſtimat <lb></lb>autem Theophraſtus lachrymam cogi, & ex <lb></lb>lachryma propagari: quod verius eſt. </s> <s id="s.006173">Nodi <lb></lb>quoque huius plantæ ſub camino ſuſpenſi, <lb></lb>abſque foliis etiam, inde ſiccati obruuntur <lb></lb>fæce rubentis vini, ſepultique in ſimo cum <lb></lb>eadem fæce flores edunt purpureos. </s> <s id="s.006174">Seruati <lb></lb>quoque botri in vaſis fictilibus, vel toto an<lb></lb>no quum aqua tepida perfuſi fuerint, flo<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.006175">Neque id mirum: cauſa enim omnium <lb></lb>vna eſt, humidum ſcilicet valde pingue. </s> <s id="s.006176">In<lb></lb>dicio eſt, quòd in cubiculis flores quaſi toto <lb></lb>menſe ſeruantur, & quòd lenta quaſi humo<lb></lb>ris ſubſtantia eſt. </s> <s id="s.006177">Pulcherrimus flos hic vel <lb></lb>ipſo Deo teſte: candidiſſimus ſpontè. </s> <s id="s.006178">Sed & <lb></lb>iridis flos in Italia quandoque candidus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006179">Quædam plantæ omnibus modis propagan<lb></lb>tur, vt olea & ficus, quæ ſola inter nobilioris <lb></lb>fructus plantas, non floret. </s> <s id="s.006180">Sed ſpontè naſci <lb></lb>omnes plantas poſſe docuimus, quoniam <lb></lb>concoctio vbique & ſola anima ſtirpes in<lb></lb>digere videntur. </s> <s id="s.006181">Sol autem anima eſt. </s> <s id="s.006182">Surcu<lb></lb>lo prouenit ſalix, ſed & vitis. </s> <s id="s.006183">Ablaqueatio<lb></lb>nis genus eſt, & peculiare quoddam viti, <lb></lb>quum ſepelitur in biennium truncus, effuſa<lb></lb>que radice à priore præſcinditur. </s> <s id="s.006184">Idem fieri <lb></lb>docent veteres ex arbore in arborem. </s> <s id="s.006185">Con<lb></lb>ſtat igitur pingui humido nutriri plantas, <lb></lb>quod & inferiùs docebimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006186">Sed vt ad odorata reuertar, lilia, nardus & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg889"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>crocus ex eorum ſunt genere. </s> <s id="s.006187">Italica nardus <lb></lb>ſuffrutex eſt foliis roriſmarini longioribus, <lb></lb>anguſtioribus, craſſiuſculis, mollioribus, odo<lb></lb>ratis: flos paruus admodum inter cæruleum <lb></lb>ac purpureum. </s> <s id="s.006188">Truncus & rami lignoſi, vi<lb></lb>ret hyeme: hæc ſi ſit grauior, moritur. </s> <s id="s.006189">Ea <lb></lb>tamen quam vocamus Indicam, alterius ge<lb></lb>neris eſt. </s> <s id="s.006190">Nardus enim illa non hæc ſed plan<lb></lb>ta ſui generis, odoris ſuauitate nomen ade<lb></lb>pta: caret enim ſpica. </s> <s id="s.006191">Communia omnibus <lb></lb>folia anguſta ob ſiccitatem, odorque iucun<lb></lb>dus. </s> <s id="s.006192">Eadem cauſa eſt omnibus plantis folia <lb></lb>amittendi frigus ipſum: ob id in frigidis re<lb></lb>gionibus obducta ramis & trunco palea, ra<lb></lb>dicibus equi fimo, tota arbore in hypocauſto <lb></lb>collocata, non ſolùm illarum ſeruari nihil <lb></lb>mirum eſt, folia ne decidant, ſed arbores, & <lb></lb>fructus edere. </s> <s id="s.006193">Seruantur & ſpontè calidio<lb></lb>ribus, ſiccioribuſque plantis etiam apud nos <lb></lb>folia (vt dixi) nardo, rorimarino, ſaluiæ, iu<lb></lb>nipero, lauro, cupreſſo: buxo verò ob ſolam <lb></lb>vehementem ſiccitatem, mediocremque ca<lb></lb>liditatem, amara enim eſt. </s> <s id="s.006194">Sed in India, quòd <lb></lb>calidiſſima ſit regio, nulli arbori folia deci<lb></lb>dunt, præterquam ſiliquæ, quam vocamus <lb></lb>caſſiam. </s> <s id="s.006195">Hanc conſtat cùm radices mittat <lb></lb>ſubtus ad aquam vſque, natura eſſe frigi<lb></lb>dam, & humidam triplici ratione: exhau<lb></lb>ſerit enim copioſius humidum, abeſt pluri<lb></lb>mùm à Solis calore radix, & frigore aquæ <lb></lb>quam tangit, perfrigeratur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006196"><margin.target id="marg889"></margin.target>Nardus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006197">Vt verò ex foliorum natura differentiæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg890"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſumantur in plantis, earum quinque ſunt <lb></lb>genera. </s> <s id="s.006198">Quædam enim perpetua, ſed non ea<lb></lb>dem virent fronde, velut laurus, & me<lb></lb>dicæ mali omnes ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.006199">Succreſcentibus <lb></lb>enim aliis, primæ decidunt. </s> <s id="s.006200">Aliæ eadem ſem<lb></lb>per fronde virent, vt palma eſt: eſtque id <lb></lb>rariſſimum. </s> <s id="s.006201">Quædam ſemper virent, at non <lb></lb>eiſdem foliis neque ramis, vt ſaluia & ai<lb></lb>zoum. </s> <s id="s.006202">Nonnullæ, vt ceraſus iiſdem manenti<lb></lb>bus foliis & ramis frondem amittunt. </s> <s id="s.006203">Quæ<lb></lb>dam etiam truncis exuuntur, vt fœniculus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006204">E quibus quædam prorſus intereunt, vt <lb></lb>cucurbita. </s> <s id="s.006205">Tot igitur genera accepiſſe <lb></lb>oportet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006206"><margin.target id="marg890"></margin.target>Folia arbo<lb></lb>ribus cur de<lb></lb>cidant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006207">Sed vt ad odorata redeam: croco radix <lb></lb>bulboſa, copioſa, viuax, folia porracea, ſed <lb></lb>adeò anguſta vt capillata dici poſſint. </s> <s id="s.006208">Cau<lb></lb>lis maculoſus: flores coloris vinoſi, colchicis <lb></lb>ſimiles in quorum medio ſtamina croci <lb></lb>flammea ſurgunt. </s> <s id="s.006209">Erat & olim balſamus <lb></lb>in pretio. </s> <s id="s.006210">Conſtat fuiſſe arbuſtum ſanſuci <lb></lb>quidem folio, atque ex eodem genere fer<lb></lb>mè, nec vlla res propior, iaſemino planta <lb></lb>non valde abſimili. </s> <s id="s.006211">Sed periiſſe arbuſta om<lb></lb>nia penitus, affirmat Petrus Martyr Ange<lb></lb>rius ciuis noſter, legationis vice functus pro <lb></lb>regibus Hiſpaniarum apud Sultanum Ægy<lb></lb>pti dominum, annis abhinc penè quinqua<lb></lb>ginta. </s> <s id="s.006212">Referunt alij adeò propagatum, vt <lb></lb>paſſim in hortis Chairi habeatur. </s> <s id="s.006213">Sed cur <lb></lb>Angerius regibus ſuis, quibus opus inſcri<lb></lb>bit, mentiatur, aut in re tanti momenti oſci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg891"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tauerit, non video. </s> <s id="s.006214">Illud ſatis conſtat om<lb></lb>nium teſtimonio, etiam eorum qui propa<lb></lb>gatum eſſe volunt, iam ab eo tempore ne<lb></lb>que fructum, neque lignum, nedum ſuc<lb></lb>cum illum celebratiſſimum ad nos defer<lb></lb>ri: vnde verum balſamum interiiſſe exiſti<lb></lb>mandum eſt, ſuppoſitum verò eius loco plan<lb></lb>tam aliam, incolarum ambitione, vel aua<lb></lb>ritia. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006215"><margin.target id="marg891"></margin.target>Balſamum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006216">Porrò iaſemini flos candidiſſimus eſt at<lb></lb>que odoratus, alius cœleſtis, luteus alius, <expan abbr="quẽ">quem</expan> <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg892"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vidiſſe me memini. </s> <s id="s.006217">Vere florere cum roſis, <lb></lb>aliiſque coronariis ſolet: vidi tamen qui <lb></lb>Septembri menſe, ex Hiſpania aduectum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006218">Frutex eſt, ſed diſtentus, & pertractus, alli<lb></lb>gatuſque: quamvis exilis, arbores æquat ma<lb></lb>gnitudine: neque tamen è ſerpentium ge<lb></lb>nere eſt, cùm ei non ſint capreoli, vt viti, <lb></lb>brioniæ, cucurbitæ, neque radicoſa arbos, <lb></lb>vt hedera. </s> <s id="s.006219">Vnde facilè in erectam arborem <lb></lb>cura non magna atque elegantem tranſire <lb></lb>poſſet. </s> <s id="s.006220">Folio viridi, molli, tenui, ſubnigro, <pb pagenum="490" xlink:href="016/01/139.jpg"></pb>oleæ fermè ſimili: flos in vmbellis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006221"><margin.target id="marg892"></margin.target>Iaſeminum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006222">Illud admiratione certè dignum, quòd <lb></lb>huic nullus fructus, aut nullius vſus, vt nec <lb></lb>alteri nobiliori flori, non lilio, non croco, <lb></lb>roſæ, vaciniis, garyophylo. </s> <s id="s.006223">Cauſa eſſe <expan abbr="putãt">putant</expan>, <lb></lb>quòd virtus tota in flore abſumitur: vel <lb></lb>quum ſint tempora florum & fructus di<lb></lb>uerſa, fructus humida, & craſſa ſubſtantia <lb></lb>conſtant, vt egregij ſint, flores calida & ſic<lb></lb>ca: ita difficillimum arborem inuenire tam <lb></lb>diuerſa temperie, vt vtrique ſui temporibus <lb></lb>ſatisfacere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.006224">Sic rarò patri egregio cla<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg893"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rus filius, & pueritiæ præter ætatem genero<lb></lb>ſæ, ſenectus decora: quod in Hermogene <lb></lb>Tarſenſi ſophiſta etiam Philoſtratus ani<lb></lb>maduertit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006225"><margin.target id="marg893"></margin.target>Floribus o<lb></lb>doratis cur <lb></lb>nulli fructus <lb></lb>nobiles ſuc<lb></lb>cedant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006226">Vt verò plantarum bene olentium hiſto<lb></lb>riam abſoluam, Ocymi mentio habenda eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg894"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quòd hæc herba bene oleat, & paſſim oria<lb></lb>tur, adeò vt vniuerſa Æthiopia illo abundet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006227">Videtur autem non abſque ratione vtilium <lb></lb>copiam natura excogitaſſe. </s> <s id="s.006228">Et <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> quum <lb></lb>vbique abundent, mutato colore, diuerſa eſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg895"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>videntur quemadmodum Cyperus in Italia, <lb></lb>Galanga in Babylonia, & Curcuma mediis <lb></lb>in regionibus: facultate quidem & natura <lb></lb>eadem, formâ verò & viribus diſſimilia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006229">Nam Galanga quantò robuſtior eſt Curcu<lb></lb>ma, tantò Cyperus eadem imbecillior. </s> <s id="s.006230">Vide<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg896"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur tamen Cyperus Curcuma odoratior. </s> <s id="s.006231">Sed <lb></lb>cœlo, ſoloque variari plantas ſuperiùs do<lb></lb>cuimus. </s> <s id="s.006232">Similiter & fructibus: nam Myrabo<lb></lb>lani ( non ego dicam falsò Myrobalanum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg897"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vnguentariam glandem ) è prunorum ſunt <lb></lb>genere, atque hi, vt Ariſtoteles refert, dul<lb></lb>ces ſunt ante maturitatem: in calidiſſimis <lb></lb>enim regionibus orti aqueo, nec pingui hu<lb></lb>mido, raraque ſubſtantia, celerrimè conco<lb></lb>quuntur & abſoluuntur, contraria ratione <lb></lb>Tamarindorum, qui ob humidum pinguius <lb></lb>ac terreum ſemper acerbi manent & acidi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006233">Oriuntur hi in Æthiopiæ parte, quam vo<lb></lb>cant Bernagaſſum, vltra Cancri circulum <lb></lb>iuxta mare Rubrum, parte Occidentaliore <lb></lb>inter nemora, ex arbore prægrandi fructum <lb></lb>vuarum racemis ſimilem ferente. </s> <s id="s.006234">Oſſa, fabis <lb></lb>magnitudine & forma ſimillima: cortice <lb></lb>etiam, niſi quòd colos ferrugineus eſt, ac <lb></lb>fuſcus: vtraque pars oui figuram <lb></lb>refert: lineis nigris, vt à latere <lb></lb>vides, per tranſuerſum ductis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006235">Cortex oſſis amarus valde, nu<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.139.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/139/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cleus candidus, durus, inſipidus. </s> <s id="s.006236">Fructus <lb></lb>oblongus, magnus, pruno non abſimilis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006237"><margin.target id="marg894"></margin.target>Ocymum <lb></lb>fermè vbi<lb></lb>que naſci<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006238"><margin.target id="marg895"></margin.target>Cyperus, Ga<lb></lb>langa & <lb></lb>Curcuma <lb></lb>eiuſdem <lb></lb>ſpeciei.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006239"><margin.target id="marg896"></margin.target>Myrabolani.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006240"><margin.target id="marg897"></margin.target>Tamarindi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006241">Mirabilia ſunt naturæ opera, atque illius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg898"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>induſtria in memoriam reuocauit Balſami<lb></lb>næ fructum à virium & plantæ ſimilitudine <lb></lb>ſic appellatum. </s> <s id="s.006242">Fructus enim vulnera recen<lb></lb>tia celerrime ſanat fructus, & arbos ipſa ſer<lb></lb>pit, vt olim balſamus, palos ſcandens, qui<lb></lb>bus ſuffulta eſt. </s> <s id="s.006243">Mirum, quòd fructus eius, <lb></lb>qui ruber eſt, & Halicacabo, quaſi perſimi<lb></lb>lis, quum in terram decidens paululùm diſ<lb></lb>rumpitur, ſpontè totus ſcindatur. </s> <s id="s.006244">Cauſa eſt, <lb></lb>quòd ſubſtantia teneriore conſtat, & nul<lb></lb>lis villis ſecundum latitudinem contineatur, <lb></lb>ob id ab impetu ſcinditur videtur & glacies <lb></lb><expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan> modo abrupta parte diuidi quod enim <lb></lb>villis caret omninò, & grauitate dehiſcit, ob <lb></lb>illam, fractum neceſſariò totum diſrumpi<lb></lb>tur: partes enim prægràuant, & rectæ cùm <lb></lb>ſitn, diſtant æqualiter, igitur ſecundum to<lb></lb>tum diuiduntur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006245"><margin.target id="marg898"></margin.target>Balſamina.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006246">Ob has igitur duas cauſas, cùm villis <lb></lb>ſecundum latitudinem caruerint, ſecun<lb></lb>dum longitudinem diuiduntur. </s> <s id="s.006247">Quamo<lb></lb>brem medicamentum ſiccum eſſe neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt: ligna enim ſicca ſic parte diuiſa diui<lb></lb>duntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006248">Sed in lignis, quòd villos habeant ſecun<lb></lb>dum latitudinem, pars integra diuiſam in <lb></lb>vnum cogit, in balſaminæ fructu diuiſa ſe<lb></lb>parat integram. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006249">Balſamum verò, vt ad rem redeam, nihil <lb></lb>cum hoc commune verè habet, ſed ſuccus <lb></lb>ipſe aureo colore erat, & ipſe vulneribus ſa<lb></lb>nandis aptiſſimus: rugas tollebat, & mor<lb></lb>tuorum faciem à corruptione vindicabat, <lb></lb>lapidemque renum comminuebat, delebat <lb></lb>oculorum maculas, venenis reſiſtens, ma<lb></lb>ximè aconito, & rigoribus febrium ipſa<lb></lb>rum, atque in his omnibus vires Balſami <lb></lb>excellebat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006250">Nunc verò ex Hiſpaniola genus aliud <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg899"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Balſami defertur colore iuiubarum, ſplen<lb></lb>dens ac tenax, odoris ſuauitate admirabi<lb></lb>li, adeò vt quiſquam exiſtimare nequeat <lb></lb>quam iucundus ſit. </s> <s id="s.006251">Vidimus ipſum apud <lb></lb>Sebaſtianum Serlium Bononienſem archi<lb></lb>tectum regium Lugduni, virum certè inge<lb></lb>nioſum, noſtrique amantem, ibique tracta<lb></lb>uimus. </s> <s id="s.006252">Alias Ianuæ ( ſiue Genuæ ) videra<lb></lb>mus, quod linguam feriret vt piper: ſed <lb></lb>illud ( opinor ) corruptum erat ab igne: <lb></lb>exuſtum enim quippiam & grauè ole<lb></lb>bar. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006253"><margin.target id="marg899"></margin.target>Balſamum <lb></lb>Indum, & <lb></lb>eius vires.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006254">Hoc verò qualecunque ſit, vulnera & <lb></lb>ipſum recentia celerrimè ( ſi quid aliud ) ſa<lb></lb>nat, & rugas tollit. </s> <s id="s.006255">Crediderim, ſi non cer<lb></lb>tè ad omnia, ad plurima ſaltem, id olei ge<lb></lb>nus eſſe efficax: ad quæ & Balſamum <lb></lb>verum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006256">Inueniſſe fertur Codrus medicus Italus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg900"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui auidus eò vſque fuit nouarum rerum <lb></lb>quærendarum, vt cùm eſſet prædiues, mor<lb></lb>tuus tamen ſit ſenex in Orbis noui Auſtra<lb></lb>li parte, iuxta Pumidæ portum, inſuraſque <lb></lb>Zorobari. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006257"><margin.target id="marg900"></margin.target>Codrus me<lb></lb>dicus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006258">Igitur vt ad hiſtoriam reuertar, arbos <lb></lb>quæ oleum iſtud parit Goacomax, Puni<lb></lb>cæ forma & magnitudine fermè ſimilis, ſed <lb></lb>tamen folio paulò maiore, tenuioreque <lb></lb>cortice quaſi arido, ligno quod ardet vt tæ<lb></lb>da, fructus vt vuarum racemi, rarioribus ta<lb></lb>men & paulò maioribus acinis, vinoſi co<lb></lb>loris, qui cum ſurculis aquæ diu incocti, id <lb></lb>olei genus reddunt. </s> <s id="s.006259">Sic facilè oleum odo<lb></lb>rem, ac vires plantæ referens, in his quæ <lb></lb>oleum abundè continent, exprimitur. </s> <s id="s.006260">Oleæ <lb></lb>enim fiunt, aut ſeruandæ ſubſtantiæ, aut vi<lb></lb>rium excipiendarum cauſa. </s> <s id="s.006261">Vix excipitur <lb></lb>alieno oleo: aut repentè, velut cùm oleo <lb></lb>quadruplum aquæ adiungitur pluſve, aut <lb></lb>minus: minus quidem, pro floribus aut fo<lb></lb>liis: plus autem, pro lignis: mediocriter, <lb></lb>pro radicibus atque fructibus: inde igne <lb></lb>tamdiu excoquuntur, vt quicquid eſt aquæ <lb></lb>abſumatur. </s> <s id="s.006262">Si verò non repentè excipere <lb></lb>conſilium eſt, id commodius fiet calore tem<lb></lb>perato: is erit aut Solis, aut cineris, vel bal-<pb pagenum="491" xlink:href="016/01/140.jpg"></pb>nei, aut fimi, aut vinaceorum, aut <lb></lb>fracium: omnibus his etenim vnguenta <lb></lb>fiunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg901"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006263"><margin.target id="marg901"></margin.target>Olea odorata <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiant, modi <lb></lb>tres.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006264">Vulgatiore itaque hoc ſecundo modo <lb></lb>atque antiquiore Dioſcoridis, in purum <lb></lb>oleum flores quadriduo infundebantur, ex<lb></lb>ponebanturque in Sole: inde expreſſo oleo <lb></lb>diligentiſſimè tantundem florum recentium <lb></lb>addebatur, ac rurſus ſub torrente Sole ex<lb></lb>ponebatur: totieſque id facere licebat, do<lb></lb>nec odorem oleum combiberet: addebantur <lb></lb>& ſpiſſamenta pro vnguentis, vt ex melle, <lb></lb>tum aliis odoratis. </s> <s id="s.006265">Tertius modus vt calo<lb></lb>re nullo indiget, ſic repetitione numero<lb></lb>ſiore, & diuturniore mora. </s> <s id="s.006266">Itaque flores hoc <lb></lb>exemplo reddunt. </s> <s id="s.006267">Flores ſuper amygdalas, <lb></lb>vel, quod longè melius eſt, ſuper myrobo<lb></lb>lani grana purgata, ea enim non <expan abbr="ranceſcũt">ranceſcunt</expan>, <lb></lb>aut etiam cinamomum vel crocum ( modus <lb></lb>enim omnium vnus eſt ) conſpergito, ac <lb></lb>ſub ipſis, alternaque diſpone florum, & <lb></lb>amygdalarum folia, compreſſaque tandiu <lb></lb>tene, donec florum odor euaneſcat: quibus <lb></lb>abiectis, pro eis alios flores ſuppone, eadem <lb></lb>ratione: & hoc toties repete: nam non vna <lb></lb>eſt ratio in omnibus, donec amygdalæ ma<lb></lb>ximum contraxerint odorem, inde illas tor<lb></lb>culari ſubiicito. </s> <s id="s.006268">Oportet autem prius cortice <lb></lb>nudare eas, & paululum torrere: hoc modo <lb></lb>plus contrahit virium oleum, & minus cor<lb></lb>ruptioni obnoxium fit, quòd ſucci nihil in <lb></lb>eo relinquatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006269">Subſtantia verò olei totidem modis exci<lb></lb>pitur, quot modis etiam vires ipſæ. </s> <s id="s.006270">Sed <lb></lb>non ſine viribus ſubſtantia, at ſine ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia vires habentur. </s> <s id="s.006271">An verò oleum aliquod <lb></lb>abſque viribus? </s> <s id="s.006272">Dubium non eſt excepta <lb></lb>enim igne plurimo, vruntur, nec vim pro<lb></lb>priam retinent. </s> <s id="s.006273">Talia verò quæ repentè ac <lb></lb>vi ipſa ignis excipiuntur, ad primum modum <lb></lb>pertinent. </s> <s id="s.006274">Verùm is floribus aptus non eſt, <lb></lb>ſed lignis, & his quæ illis ſimilia ſunt, velut <lb></lb>garyophylis. </s> <s id="s.006275">In vitreo vaſe A contrita po<lb></lb>nuntur, & quantò leuiore licet igne diſtil<lb></lb>lantur: & ſi liceat, aqua feruente cir<lb></lb>cum vas poſita oleum elicere, longè erit <lb></lb>melius. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.140.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/140/1.jpg"></figure> <figure id="id.016.01.140.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/140/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006276">Summitati vaſi pileus vitreus C impo<lb></lb>nitur, qui quantò latior, eò melior ad vi<lb></lb>res, odorem ſaporemque transferendos: at<lb></lb>que idem in vtriſque canalibus. </s> <s id="s.006277">Ergo pileus <lb></lb>luto, ne reſpiret, aptatur: cui de more, cana<lb></lb>lis adiacet C, cui alter canalis vitreus adiun<lb></lb>gitur D, ita luto ſeptus, vt nihil poſſit reſpi<lb></lb>rare: hic per vas ligneum E tam ſit, quod <lb></lb>aqua perpetuò frigidiſſima repletum habere <lb></lb>oportet: cannula H detrahentes quicquid <lb></lb>iam calorem contraxerit, aliam nuper hau<lb></lb>ſtam denuò addendo: nam D infrigidatur, <lb></lb>fumique non vruntur, ſed in aquam, vel <lb></lb>oleum tranſeunt, conuerſique per F cana<lb></lb>lis partem obliquam, & vltra vas aqua <lb></lb>plenum exporrectam, guttatim in vas G <lb></lb>cadunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006278">Vt igitur vidi, primò turbidum quod<lb></lb>dam effluit, ſubſtantiam rei tenuiorem ef<lb></lb>ferens, pòſt aqua clarior exit, demum oleum, <lb></lb>quod exuſti potius odorem refert, quàm rei <lb></lb>illius à qua defluxit. </s> <s id="s.006279">Poteſt & canalis D in <lb></lb>ſerpentis figuram effingi, atque ſic minus è <lb></lb>rei ſubſtantia tum virtute peribit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006280">Secundus modus proportione reſpondet <lb></lb>alteri, cùm beneficio temperatioris caloris <lb></lb>aquæ incocta oleum reddunt, velut de Indi<lb></lb>co balſamo nuper à nobis dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.006281">Atque <lb></lb>eadem ratione è lauri baccis oleum quoque <lb></lb>excipitur. </s> <s id="s.006282">Ergo generaliter in his ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam pinguem, & facilè ſeparabilem eſſe <lb></lb>oportet: ſed & frigore ac ſiccitate coactam, <lb></lb>neque aliter calido & humido ſolueretur, <lb></lb>aut ſepararetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006283">Tertius non calore, ſed vi conſtat: com<arrow.to.target n="marg902"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>munis eſt omnibus fructibus, velut amyg<lb></lb>dalis, piſtaciis, nucibus, ſeu iuglandibus, <lb></lb>ſeu auellanis, ſeu etiam Indicis, tum myricis <lb></lb>ſeu moſchatis, aliiſque innumeris, puta pi<lb></lb>neis, piperi, hederæ fructui, perſici & ceraſi <lb></lb>nucleis: tum etiam ſeminibus omnibus, ve<lb></lb>lut raparum, ricini, raphani, lini, Apollinaris <lb></lb>herbæ, papaueris: hæc enim famoſa, conti<lb></lb>nentque oleum tum hæc, tum ſemina omnia <lb></lb>alia. </s> <s id="s.006284">Nam in omni ſemine vita eſt, vita au<lb></lb>tem omnis in humido pingui, pingue autem <lb></lb>omne, aut in animalibus, & vocatur pingue<lb></lb>do, cuius tres ſint ſpecies: pinguedo generis <lb></lb>nomine, adeps qui circa certas partes, non <lb></lb>communis eſt toti, vt renum adeps, aut <lb></lb>omenti: & ſeuum, quod ſiccius vtroque eſt, <lb></lb>ob id ſolùm fermè in cornigeris animalibus, <lb></lb>& maximè: & quod in ſenſu carentibus, vt <lb></lb>lapidibus, & partibus plantarum, imò totis <lb></lb>plantis, tum bitumine ſaleque, metallis, aliiſ<lb></lb>que pluribus, oleumque vocatur. </s> <s id="s.006285">Eſt autem <lb></lb>lachryma vniuſcuiuſque arboris oleum ter<lb></lb>reo miſtum. </s> <s id="s.006286">In omni igitur ſemine oleum <lb></lb>continetur. </s> <s id="s.006287">Viuere autem omnia ſemina ex <lb></lb>hoc conſtat, quòd ex omnibus, iuxta Theo<lb></lb>phraſti opinionem, plantæ ſui generis pro<lb></lb>creantur: aut ergo ex omnibus id fiet, aut <lb></lb>maxima parte, ſiquidem nihil prohibet ali<lb></lb>qua ſemina oblæſa eſſe etiam toto genere, <lb></lb>cùm etiam quædam animalia talia ſint, vt <lb></lb>talpæ, atque plantæ illæ putredine, aut radi<lb></lb>ce, vel alio modo quàm ſemine prouenient. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006288">Semen autem dico, quod aliquo tegmine <lb></lb>concluditur: fructum, qui nullo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006289"><margin.target id="marg902"></margin.target>Semina o<lb></lb>leum conti<lb></lb>nent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006290">Oleum & <lb></lb>pinguedinis <lb></lb>diſcrimen.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006291">Ob hoc, ſemina quædam vaginulis, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg903"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>phaſelli, cicereſque: quædam ariſtis <expan abbr="hærẽtia">hærentia</expan>, <pb pagenum="492" xlink:href="016/01/141.jpg"></pb>pleraque tenui cortice, vt frumentum: quæ <lb></lb>verò in fructibus ſunt pericarpio continen<lb></lb>tur velut melonum, pomorumque, ac pyro<lb></lb>rum ſemina. </s> <s id="s.006292">Omne etiam ſemen, plantæ <lb></lb>ſuæ pars calidiſſima eſt, quod generationis <lb></lb>cauſa factum ſit, non tamen acerrima: ne<lb></lb>que enim tenuiſſimum, nec ſicciſſimum: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> <lb></lb>multorum radix, vt fœniculi? </s> <s id="s.006293">multarum lo<lb></lb>bus & cortex, vt vniadis, quo Indi incolæ <lb></lb>inſulæ ſancti Thomæ, zinziberis loco vtun<lb></lb>tur, acris vehementer eſt, cùm ſemen ſit in<lb></lb>ſipidum. </s> <s id="s.006294">Multitudine enim pinguis humidi <lb></lb>calor obtunditur: vnde ex illo copia olei <lb></lb>emanat. </s> <s id="s.006295">In cortice verò aduritur, vt in <lb></lb>diſtillatione, quoniam plus terrei ineſt, at <lb></lb>non ſimpliciter: nam Indici phaſelli cortex, <lb></lb>de quo inferiùs agimus, multo abundat oleo, <lb></lb>nucleus non ita: quoniam ob humidi abun<lb></lb>dantiam illud concoquere nequeat, nec in <lb></lb>olei formam cogere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006296"><margin.target id="marg903"></margin.target>Seminis ac <lb></lb>fructus diſ<lb></lb>crimen.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006297">Seminum igitur quædam multum oleum <lb></lb>continent, vt nux & lini, ac heliotropij ac <lb></lb>rapæ. </s> <s id="s.006298">Nucem enim appello, partem quæ in <lb></lb>toto fructu continetur, quæ ( vt dictum eſt ) <lb></lb>quod contineatur ſemen eſt: quamvis <expan abbr="quo-niã">quo<lb></lb>niam</expan> edi ſoleat, à pleriſque fructus appelletur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006299">Fructum enim dicunt alij magnum ſe<lb></lb>men, alij quicquid vltimò à plantis produ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg904"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>citur & editur, quod verò vltimò produci<lb></lb>tur, & <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> editur, ſemen. </s> <s id="s.006300">Verùm hæc ( vt di<lb></lb>xi ) non eſt ſeminum & fructuum propria <lb></lb>differentia. </s> <s id="s.006301">Rapæ igitur ſemen tantùm pro<lb></lb>ducit olei, vt in regionibus quibuſdam Ger<lb></lb>maniæ, non ſolùm indigenarum neceſſitati <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg905"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſatisfaciat, ſed mercis loco in finitimas vr<lb></lb>bes conuehatur. </s> <s id="s.006302">In Æthiopia, copia maxima <lb></lb>eſt herbæ Henæ, è cuius ſemine oleum non <lb></lb>ſolùm abundantiſſimum, ſed & optimum <lb></lb>elicitur. </s> <s id="s.006303">Ratio docet, ea quæ plurimum con<lb></lb>tinent oleum, optimum etiam continere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006304">Nam plurimùm calore bene temperato, & <lb></lb>humido etiam abundanti indiget à quibus <lb></lb>etiam optimum, non ſolùm copioſum gi<lb></lb>gnitur. </s> <s id="s.006305">In quibuſdam autem quæ paucum <lb></lb>continent, optimum eſſe poteſt, nihil pro<lb></lb>hibet tamen eſſe deterrimum. </s> <s id="s.006306">Optimum igi<lb></lb>tur, & cum abundantia & paucitate eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt, prauum autem cum ſola fermè pauci<lb></lb>tate: nam <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) in omnibus monſtra <lb></lb>quædam contingunt, quæ à natura fiunt. </s> <s id="s.006307">Ni<lb></lb>hil enim probet aliquid eſſe quod oleo <expan abbr="abũ-det">abun<lb></lb>det</expan> plurimo, atque eodem prauo vel fœtido <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg906"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vel inutili, quia non abſoluto. </s> <s id="s.006308">Abſoluitur <lb></lb>autem quicquid plenè concoquitur. </s> <s id="s.006309">Sed ad <lb></lb>rem redeo. </s> <s id="s.006310">Elicitur oleum vi torcularis: & <lb></lb>quamvis multiplex ſit hæc ratio, ſufficiat <lb></lb>tamen eam tribus exemplis declaraſſe. </s> <s id="s.006311">Pri<lb></lb>mum erit myriſticæ nucis, quæ in parua di<lb></lb>uiditur fruſta, diuiſa vino Crettico per tri<lb></lb>duum infunduntur, ſiccantur biduo in vm<lb></lb>bra, & in ſartagine caleſcunt, aquaque ro<lb></lb>ſacea conſperguntur & exprimuntur. </s> <s id="s.006312">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi copioſius oleum, ſed minus efficax atque <lb></lb>iucundum, extrahere velis, diuiſam contun<lb></lb>des, inſperſamque vino Cretico infundes, in<lb></lb>fuſam Soli exponito, donec contrahat cru<lb></lb>ſtam, iterum miſcebis non amplius infun<lb></lb>dens, ſed aſpergens Creticum, ac denuò ſic<lb></lb>cabis, idque toties repetes, donec quaſi pu<lb></lb>treſcat, tunc enim copioſum reddit oleum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006313">Atque hic modus etiam ſemini Apollinaris <lb></lb>herbæ, tum papaueri ſatisfaciet: ſed vini lo<lb></lb>co aquam adhibeto, & permittito, donec <lb></lb>putreſcat, tunc verò ſub torculari ponatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006314">Licet autem putredinem expectare in his <lb></lb>quæ non bibuntur. </s> <s id="s.006315">Hocque ſecundum eſt <lb></lb>exemplum, quòd ſemen Apollinaris longè <lb></lb>ſit humidius myriſtica nuce, velut amygdala <lb></lb>pinguior eſt eo ſemine. </s> <s id="s.006316">Inde tertium exem<lb></lb>plum in amygdalis, quæ duplici purgatæ <lb></lb>cortice torrentur paululùm, inde quinta <lb></lb>aquæ parte perfunduntur, qui modus eſt <lb></lb>communis ſeminibus etiam, tum vini pro <lb></lb>nuce myriſtica, inde maſſa ab igne caleſcat, <lb></lb>& exprimatur ſtatim: nam quia bibitur, <lb></lb>ranceſcit dum moram patitur. </s> <s id="s.006317">Manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt autem, quòd calore & aqua hi modi in<lb></lb>digent: nam oleum niſi liqueſcat, non fluit, <lb></lb>nam congelatum fluere non poteſt: quod <lb></lb>verò liqueſcit, calore indiget, calor autem <lb></lb>conſumit oleum, ob id aquam adiicere ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, aliter oleum, & paucum, & toſtum <lb></lb>effluet. </s> <s id="s.006318">Hoc verò magis neceſſarium in ſic<lb></lb>cioribus corporibus, vt nuce myriſtica: ad<lb></lb>ditur ibi vinum, quod odorem exacuat po<lb></lb>tius, quàm obtundat: aliorum verò grauis <lb></lb>eſt odor. </s> <s id="s.006319">Sed & vinum magis ad intima pe<lb></lb>netrat, & diſſoluit, quod ignis calori com<lb></lb>mune eſt: verùm ignis etiam trahit ex in<lb></lb>timis partibus ad exteriores. </s> <s id="s.006320">Non igitur ex <lb></lb>aqua, aut vino oleum fit, ſed eius ſunt propu<lb></lb>gnacula. </s> <s id="s.006321">Vtrum verò pars aquæ, an vini, in <lb></lb>oleum tranſire poſſit, dignum dubitatione <lb></lb>eſt: nam oleum aqueo & aëreo humido con<lb></lb>ſtat: vbi efficax ſit humidum aëreum, facilè <lb></lb>aqua: faciliùs autem etiam vinum tranſit in <lb></lb>oleum, nam & vinum ardet. </s> <s id="s.006322">Sunt verò quæ <lb></lb>adeò oleoſa ſunt, vt tuſa & calore naturali <lb></lb>temperato fota, in oleum abſque expreſſio<lb></lb>ne tranſeant, quia præpinguia ſunt, & oleo <lb></lb>copioſo, ac non multum excrementi terrei <lb></lb>habente abundant. </s> <s id="s.006323">Velut ſambuci flores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006324">Oleum quoque quod ſine igne ex amydalis <lb></lb>extrahitur, multò ſuauius eſt, & pectori <lb></lb>vtilius. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006325"><margin.target id="marg904"></margin.target>Seminis rap & <lb></lb>oleum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006326"><margin.target id="marg905"></margin.target>Hena herba.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006327"><margin.target id="marg906"></margin.target>Nucis myri<lb></lb>ſtica oleum <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006328">Sed eſt alius humor mucoſus, in omnibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg907"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>radicibus fermè atque ſeminibus: quæ verò <lb></lb>inter hæc magis celebrantur, ſunt lini, al<lb></lb>theæ, pſilij, marrubij, cotoneorum, pyro<lb></lb>rum, pomorum, fœnugræcique ſemina: in<lb></lb>ter radices verò quæcunque magis mucoſæ, <lb></lb>vt altheæ atque ariſtolochiæ: ab his omni<lb></lb>bus hanc partem, tanquam illis naturaliter <lb></lb>inſitam detrahere licet. </s> <s id="s.006329">Mundata hæc repo<lb></lb>nuntur in vaſe, & quadruplum ponderis <lb></lb>aquæ calidæ iniicitur, manentque per no<lb></lb>ctem: inde reiecta aquâ radices, aut ſemi<lb></lb>na ſacculo ex canabe linóve rarò excipiun<lb></lb>tur, ligatoque ore ſuperiore & vaſe ſuppo<lb></lb>ſito, modò concutiendo cum baculo, modò <lb></lb>exprimendo manu, ſuccus mucoſus colligi<lb></lb>tur: vt collectum fuerit quicquid ex eo tum <lb></lb>effluxit, faciliùs arctiùs conſtringitur, atque <lb></lb>eadem ratione exprimitur ſenſim, ac denuò <lb></lb>arctiùs religatur, donec ipſum ſemen ſolum <lb></lb>relinquatur. </s> <s id="s.006330">Præſtat igitur conſiderare, quæ<lb></lb>nam ſit hæc materia, quæ ſic effluit. </s> <s id="s.006331">Atque <lb></lb>illud à viribus ac ſubſtantia, tum modo ex<lb></lb>trahendi, coniectari licet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006332"><margin.target id="marg907"></margin.target>Mucoſi hu<lb></lb>moris ratio <lb></lb>& modus <lb></lb>detrahendi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006333">Cùm enim emolliat & glutinoſa ſit, cali<pb pagenum="493" xlink:href="016/01/142.jpg"></pb>doque humido detrahatur, conſtat partem <lb></lb>& ipſam eſſe pinguioris ſucci, hoc ſolùm <lb></lb>ob oleo diſtantem, quòd terream partem ſe<lb></lb>cum contineat: at pars hæc craſſa eſt ſi ad <lb></lb>oleum comparetur, in quo minimum eſt ter<lb></lb>ræ. </s> <s id="s.006334">Propterea detracta parte hac, minus <lb></lb>continent olei ſemina ſeu radices. </s> <s id="s.006335">Radices <lb></lb>igitur & ipſæ oleum continent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006336">Eſt & aliud diſcrimen, quòd mucoſus <lb></lb>ſuccus ſit frigidior & crudior oleo, ob id <lb></lb>copioſior in radicibus in quibus parum <lb></lb>eſt olei. </s> <s id="s.006337">Fit igitur oleum quaſi ex mu<lb></lb>coſo ſucco, ſic vt quod in ſeminibus eſt, <lb></lb>iampridem fuerit in radicibus. </s> <s id="s.006338">Vnde li<lb></lb>ni ſemen, quod hoc mucoſo abundet ſuc<lb></lb>co, oleum etiam ſine aqua emittit, quòd <lb></lb>ſuccus in loco aquæ ei ſit: atque hoc oleo <lb></lb>ad dolores tanquam puriore vti ſolemus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006339">Eadem ratio, ſed non adeò tamen euidens, <lb></lb>in amygdalis: parum enim mucoſi conti<lb></lb>nent humoris, ſed aqua addita ſemper ſi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg908"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non melius, ſaltem copioſius oleum excipi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006340">Horum memoria me reuocat ad ſcri<lb></lb>bendum, quibus modis pinguedines im<lb></lb>buantur odoribus, v iam deſueta multis ſe<lb></lb>culis quod ſtudium nobis ſemper fuit, in <lb></lb>vtilem vſum reuocarentur. </s> <s id="s.006341">Igitur pingue<lb></lb>dine à membranulis omnibus purgata ad<lb></lb>dantur ſanſuci tantundem cum floribus con<lb></lb>tuſi, ſerpillum, myrtus, cyperus, & aſpa<lb></lb>lathum citrinum octaua ponderis: parte vi<lb></lb>ni albi odorati & aquæ pro pondere om<lb></lb>nium: ſimul hæc coquantur, ſed non diu: <lb></lb>inde maneant diei ſpacio, & defæcata pin<lb></lb>guedine omnia percolentur: denuò eadem <lb></lb>addantur, aut duo triáve ex his, aut vnum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg909"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pro odoris natura, additiſque vino & aqua <lb></lb>vt prius, eadem ratione ferueant, reſideant, <lb></lb>defæcentur ac percolentur: totieſque id fiat, <lb></lb>donec pinguedo odorem combiberit. </s> <s id="s.006342">Sic <lb></lb>aliis etiam odoribus imbuitur, ſeruatur<lb></lb>que non ſolùm calore ignis, ſed expreſſa di<lb></lb>ligenter aqua, ſiccataque in vmbra: nam <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) humidum ſolum aqueum putreſ<lb></lb>cit: quod verò corrumpitur pingue, pu<lb></lb>treſcere neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.006343">Sunt igitur humida <lb></lb>quæ in miſtis continentur quatuor gene<lb></lb>rum: aut penitus cruda, vocanturque aquea: <lb></lb>vel concocta perfectè, vocanturque pinguia: <lb></lb>vel mediocriter concocta, hæc autem muco<lb></lb>ſa dicuntur: aut præter modum, hanc par<lb></lb>tem ignem alchymiſtæ vocant, præſertim ſi <lb></lb>dum extrahitur hæc pars, multo igne indi<lb></lb>geat, velut in metallicis, dum igne reflexo <lb></lb>humidum acre excipitur. </s> <s id="s.006344">Manifeſtum eſt <lb></lb>igitur, quòd neque plura, neque pauciora <lb></lb>poſſunt eſſe humidorum genera. </s> <s id="s.006345">At in qui<lb></lb>buſdam miſtis non omnia eſſe nihil prohi<lb></lb>bet: ſed quæcunque miſta ſunt verè, tria <lb></lb>prima ſaltem habent. </s> <s id="s.006346">Latet autem in me<lb></lb>tallicis pleriſque quod medium eſt ex illis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006347">Vltimum verò quoniam terreo iungitur, ex<lb></lb>trahi non facilè poteſt: vnde ignibus adhi<lb></lb>bitis incertum redditur an ſpontè acre ſit, <lb></lb>an ob vim ignis ſolam, an vtroque modo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006348">Vt verò à primo humidi genere magis di<lb></lb>ſtant, eò putredini etiam minus ſunt obno<lb></lb>xia. </s> <s id="s.006349">Aquea igitur & celeriter & perfectè <lb></lb>putreſcunt: mucoſa perfectè, ſed ſerò: pin<lb></lb>guia ſerò etiam ſed non perfectè: exuſta au<lb></lb>tem nec perfectè, nec imperfectè. </s> <s id="s.006350">E carni<lb></lb>bus quicquid eſt pingue, quo ego modo vti <lb></lb>ſoleo extrahitur, inciſis his in fruſta, & vaſe <lb></lb>vitreo concluſis: hoc contectum pergamena <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg910"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>charta feruenti aquæ per ſex ſeptemve ho<lb></lb>ras immittitur, totaque caro fermè in pin<lb></lb>guedinem tranſit & colliquatur. </s> <s id="s.006351">Tartarum <lb></lb>verò humido colliquatur, ſeu in marmore <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg911"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſub terra ſepultum, ſeu in vitro fumum fer<lb></lb>uentis aquæ excipiens. </s> <s id="s.006352">Aliter, vt pater meus: <lb></lb>ollam cum tartaro accenſam in aquam in<lb></lb>funde, ſtatimque oleum ſupernatabit: quibus <lb></lb>modis multa igne in calcem redacta mutan<lb></lb>tur in oleum. </s> <s id="s.006353">Vnde incertum, an tartari ſuc<lb></lb>cus ille oleum ſit, an potius aqua. </s> <s id="s.006354">Sulphur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg912"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verò ardendo tranſit in oleum: fumus enim <lb></lb>qui colligitur dum refrigerantur, oleum ef<lb></lb>ficitur, vt expertus ſum. </s> <s id="s.006355">Opus eſt autem va<lb></lb>ſe vnico tantùm vitreo, quod nolam vocant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006356">Et vt ſenſim vratur, induſtria eſt. </s> <s id="s.006357">Sed cur <lb></lb>exuſta metallica faciliùs oleum reddunt, & <lb></lb>aquam etiam retinent? </s> <s id="s.006358">aqua autem acerrima <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.006359">An quia terreum admiſtum, vt prohibet <lb></lb>pingue humidum conſumi, ita etiam aquam <lb></lb>non totam? </s> <s id="s.006360">an verò quòd non exuruntur, <lb></lb>ſed potius torrentur? </s> <s id="s.006361">nam in cineres <expan abbr="redirẽt">redirent</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006362">Videtur ergo aqua ſublata, maxima ex par<lb></lb>te celerior exitus olei: quod autem celerius <lb></lb>exit, non adeò vim patitur ignis, quia non <lb></lb>adeò incaleſcit, ob id faciliùs oleum extra<lb></lb>hitur, ac copioſiùs. </s> <s id="s.006363">Modus autem horum ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg913"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>librum Secretorum pertinet. </s> <s id="s.006364">Sunt & lachry<lb></lb>mæ, & ligna quæ oleum mittunt abſque co<lb></lb>ctione, atque illud efficaciſſimum eſt, vt te<lb></lb>rebinthi, vel lentiſci. </s> <s id="s.006365">Cùm enim partes te<lb></lb>nuiores ſolùm educantur, quòd exit, eſt im<lb></lb>becille: nam neque abſque ſubſtantia perfe<lb></lb>ctæ vires eſſe poſſunt, nec modus eſt vt ſcia<lb></lb>mus cum perfectè eductę fuerint. </s> <s id="s.006366">Quod verò <lb></lb>ignibus extrahitur, non puras rei à qua ex<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.142.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/142/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>trahitur, nec incorruptas vires retinet. </s> <s id="s.006367">Op<lb></lb>timum igitur cuius ſubſtantia abſque co<lb></lb>ctione effluit: pòſt tutiſſimum quod per in<lb></lb>fuſiones fit: efficaciſſimum quod per coctio<lb></lb>nes: coctionem dico ſiccam, non in aqua, <lb></lb>ea enim ſecundo loco habenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.006368">Quarto <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg914"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igitur ordine quod amygdalis excipitur, <lb></lb>quinto antiquus, vltimò qui oleo & aqua <lb></lb>per coctiones fit. </s> <s id="s.006369">Aquarum verò diſtillatio <lb></lb>eodem modo fit: ſed longè melius odorem <lb></lb>retinet, ſi hac vtaris arte: nam roſacea, fra<lb></lb>grans mirum in modum euadit. </s> <s id="s.006370">Accipe vas <lb></lb><expan abbr="figulinũ">figulinum</expan> A, ſuper quod linteum <expan abbr="lineũ">lineum</expan> rarum B <pb pagenum="494" xlink:href="016/01/143.jpg"></pb>extende & ſuper ipſam roſas, aut vacin ia, <lb></lb>floreſve alios, aut herbas ſparge, inde ha<lb></lb>beas patellam C, quæ vas integat, & ſu<lb></lb>per fundum D ignem pone, diſtillatur odo<lb></lb>ratiſſima non ſolùm, ſed etiam efficaciſſi<lb></lb>ma aqua Roſacea in Sole concluſa poni <lb></lb>ſolet vt fumi odore priuetur, cùm tamen <lb></lb>odorem roſæ retineat. </s> <s id="s.006371">Conficitur & re<lb></lb>pentè aqua, dum calefacto, aut feruente <lb></lb>ſucco cyathus ſuperponitur vitreus, in quo <lb></lb>fumus tranſit in guttas, guttæ inde collectæ <lb></lb>in aquam coguntur: ſic acetum in aquam <lb></lb>facilè vertitur. </s> <s id="s.006372">Vtilis hæc ad oculorum ma<lb></lb>culas, & ſuffuſiones detergendas, maximè <lb></lb>ſi albo aceto ruta incoquatur. </s> <s id="s.006373">Sunt qui in <lb></lb>primo modo iuxta F moſchum ponunt, alia<lb></lb>que precioſiora odoramenta, retinetque <lb></lb>aqua odores non ſolùm proprios, ſed <lb></lb>etiam moſchi, & aliorum quæ appo<lb></lb>nuntur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg915"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006374"><margin.target id="marg908"></margin.target>Modus quo <lb></lb>pinguedines <lb></lb>odoribus im<lb></lb>buuntur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006375"><margin.target id="marg909"></margin.target>Humida in <lb></lb>miſtis qua<lb></lb>tuor.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006376"><margin.target id="marg910"></margin.target>Carnes quo<lb></lb>modo colli<lb></lb>quentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006377"><margin.target id="marg911"></margin.target>Tartari o<lb></lb>leum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006378"><margin.target id="marg912"></margin.target>Sulphuris <lb></lb>oleum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006379"><margin.target id="marg913"></margin.target>Oleorum <lb></lb>comparatio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006380"><margin.target id="marg914"></margin.target>Aqua odo-<lb></lb>rata.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006381"><margin.target id="marg915"></margin.target>Cur diſtilla<lb></lb>tione non <lb></lb>omnes odores <lb></lb>retineantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006382">Sed cur odor florum quorundam non <lb></lb>retinetur in aquis, verùm vt in iaſemino <lb></lb>& garyophylo flore ac lilio, aqua euadit <lb></lb>odoris expers? </s> <s id="s.006383">Dictum eſt alibi, quoniam <lb></lb>tam tenui ſubſtantiæ nulla pars craſſior iun<lb></lb>gitur. </s> <s id="s.006384">Ergo in his iuuabit, ſi foliis herba<lb></lb>rum quæ odore careant alternatim poſitis, <lb></lb>materiæ craſſiori, non tamen quæ vratur, <lb></lb>adiungatur odor, inde diſtilletur: atque hæc <lb></lb>vnica ſpes proliciendi odoris, cùm aquis in<lb></lb>fuſa non remittant odorem, ſed putreſcant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006385">Ignis autem ſi non moderatè adhibea<arrow.to.target n="marg916"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur, exurit ea quæ terreæ ſunt naturæ: ſi <lb></lb>tamen moderatè, ſolùm exacuit. </s> <s id="s.006386">Vnde <lb></lb>aqua ex auena diſtillata vtuntur Moſcho <lb></lb>uitæ, quòd vino careant: nec minus ex<lb></lb>calefacit, aut inebriat quàm vinum. </s> <s id="s.006387">Cùm <lb></lb>enim auena craſſioris ſit ſubſtantiæ, neceſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg917"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſe eſt vt ex diſtillatione incaleſcat, attenue<lb></lb>tur ac exacuatur, & ad naturam aquæ ar<lb></lb>dentis accedat. </s> <s id="s.006388">Canabis folia in farinam <lb></lb>verſa, quòd caput feriant, potum ſuauiter <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg918"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inebriantem efficiunt. </s> <s id="s.006389">Eadem ratione de<lb></lb>cocta folia eius ac ſemina, quod etiam <lb></lb>de viridiore nucum cortice fertur, ſi ſu<lb></lb>per terram effundatur aqua illa, vermes <lb></lb>ad terræ ſuperficiem trahit, ſeu odore <lb></lb>alliciat illos, ſeu expellat. </s> <s id="s.006390">Vnde piſcato<lb></lb>res ea vti ſolent. </s> <s id="s.006391">Idem ſemen gallinas, <lb></lb>ſi ab his edatur, fœcundas hyeme reddit: <lb></lb>calefacit enim & attenuat. </s> <s id="s.006392">Sed ad rem re<lb></lb>deo. </s> <s id="s.006393">Apud Tartaros referunt, aquam è <lb></lb>lacte diſtillato inebriare: oportet igitur <lb></lb>lac denſius eſſe, & moram apud ignem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg919"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>contraxiſſe. </s> <s id="s.006394">Itaque ex lacte forſan equo<lb></lb>rum id contingit. </s> <s id="s.006395">Cæterùm quid amplius <lb></lb>dubitandum? </s> <s id="s.006396">omnis aqua cùm ſæpiùs di<lb></lb>ſtillatur, hoc poteſt efficere: nam incaleſ<lb></lb>cit, attenuatur, & vim ignis magis reci<lb></lb>pit: vnde ardens ſæpiùs diſtillata eò acui<lb></lb>tatis deducitur, vt bibi non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.006397">Li<lb></lb>quet igitur ex his manifeſtè, & quòd <lb></lb>vinum igneam vim habet, & quòd ex <lb></lb>omni fermè re, tum maximè denſa, po<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg920"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tus repetita diſtillatione fieri poteſt, qui <lb></lb>plus vino excalefaciet & inebriabit. </s> <s id="s.006398">Potus <lb></lb>enim ratio eſt, vt ſuauis ſit atque potens: <lb></lb>ſuauitate quidem guſtum, robore olfactum <lb></lb>delectat, & ventriculum confirmat. </s> <s id="s.006399">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque verò diſtillantur, & iucunda, & <lb></lb>odorata euadunt: iucunda quidem, inſuaui <lb></lb>omni ſublata parte: odorata, ob vim ignis, <lb></lb>& acuitatem ſubſtantiæ. </s> <s id="s.006400">Quæ enim tenuium <lb></lb>ſunt partium, magis redolent: odor enim <lb></lb>eſt vaporis, vapor autem in tenui ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia fundatur. </s> <s id="s.006401">Eadem verò ratio inuenta eſt <lb></lb>in potibus, qui abſque diſtillatione fiunt, & <lb></lb>tamen inebriant, vt Medo apud Moſcho <lb></lb>uitas. </s> <s id="s.006402">Conſtat autem melle & lupuli ſemi<lb></lb>ne, ſeruaturque in picatis vaſis, quum ta<lb></lb>men nullum horum fermè ad inebriandum <lb></lb>ſufficeret. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006403"><margin.target id="marg916"></margin.target>Aqua ex a<lb></lb>uena quæ in<lb></lb>ebriat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006404"><margin.target id="marg917"></margin.target>Canabis vi<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006405"><margin.target id="marg918"></margin.target>Vermes vt è <lb></lb>terra <expan abbr="exeãt">exeant</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006406">Galinæ vt <lb></lb>hyeme oua <lb></lb>edant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006407">Aqua lactis <lb></lb>diſtillatione <lb></lb>excepta ine<lb></lb>briare poteſt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006408"><margin.target id="marg919"></margin.target>Potus ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006409"><margin.target id="marg920"></margin.target>Medo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006410">Modus alius nobilioris potus, radioſque, <lb></lb>veluti <expan abbr="cãdens">candens</expan> ferrum emittentis. </s> <s id="s.006411">Zethi par<lb></lb>tes quatuor, mellis vnam, ſeminum myrti <lb></lb>mediam: ſimul excoquuntur ac deſpuman<lb></lb>tur, donec ſpuma eſſe deſierit: inde additur <lb></lb>zethi ſex, & quadraginta horis contecta <lb></lb>ſeruantur. </s> <s id="s.006412">In vulgari Medone, pro zetho <lb></lb>tantundem aquæ aſſumitur, cætera vt in <lb></lb>nobiliore. </s> <s id="s.006413">Sed & ſeminum myrti loco lupu<lb></lb>li ſemina aſſumuntur: quæ & ſeorſum co<lb></lb>quuntur, modus donec amaritas non inſua<lb></lb>uis ſentiatur. </s> <s id="s.006414">Hic ſæpiùs repetitis iudicibus, <lb></lb>ſenſibus, ratione magiſtra, odor, vires, ac ſua<lb></lb>uitas comparantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006415">Lupuli ſemen cum hordeo vel ſiligine <lb></lb>aut tritico, zethum aut zythum facit, quod <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg921"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocatur apud Germanos birra. </s> <s id="s.006416">Modus hic <lb></lb>eſt, vt Nicolaus Poll. </s> <s id="s.006417">Cæſaris medicus ſcri<lb></lb>ptum reliquit: Hordeum infundito in aquam <lb></lb>donec diſrumpatur, inde ſiccatur, teritur <lb></lb>tenuiter, imò molæ ſubiicitur. </s> <s id="s.006418">Alij, triduo <lb></lb>tantùm in cumulis madefaciunt: & vt ger<lb></lb>minare cœperit, ſparſum alio triduo ſiccant: <lb></lb>poſtea linteis ſubſtratis, in clibano torrent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006419">Incredibile dictu: referunt hoc torrendi mo<lb></lb>do ſuauitatem ac dulcedinem melleam adi<lb></lb>piſci. </s> <s id="s.006420">Huius partes duas, aquæ ſeptem ſumi<lb></lb>to, coquuntur ſimul donec aqua tertia par<lb></lb>te decedat: deinde ſumunt dimidium illius <lb></lb>aquæ, cui quadrageſimam partem ſeminis <lb></lb>lupulorum addunt, hordeique tantundem <lb></lb>quantum prius, coquuntur omnia horis cir<lb></lb>citer tribus aut quatuor: inde reliquam me<lb></lb>dietatem aquæ excolatam priori miſcent, ac <lb></lb>denuò coquunt donec ad dimidium rediga<lb></lb>tur: vltimò proiectam in ligneum vas, ad<lb></lb>dito modico fermento, diſtribuunt. </s> <s id="s.006421">Vt verò <lb></lb>neceſſariò, qui Boream inhabitant, zethum <lb></lb>ex hordeo, & ſiligine & tritico faciunt: ita <lb></lb>qui Auſtrum, cùm vino vti non liceat, legis <lb></lb>ſuperſtitione, conficiunt zethum ex oryza, <lb></lb>atque hi omnes potus inebriant: ſed mitior <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg922"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt qui fit ex oryza, non quòd oryza ſit hor<lb></lb>deo frigidior, ſed quia lupulis caret zethi id <lb></lb>genus: nam hi haud mediocriter calidi ſunt <lb></lb>atque ſicci igitur nulli voluptas potus ne<lb></lb>gata eſt: nam oryza nullibi non naſcitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006422">Multò verò iucundius hoc vinum ex oryza, <lb></lb>atque ſalubrius alio zetho. </s> <s id="s.006423">Efficaciſſimum <lb></lb>in quo ſeminum copia myrti, aut lupulo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.006424">Ideo Daci ac Sarmatæ plus iniiciunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006425">Omnibus igitur mortalibus vinum atque <lb></lb>incundum conceſſum eſt imò duplex: nam <lb></lb>& mel vbique fit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006426"><margin.target id="marg921"></margin.target>Zethi confi<lb></lb>ciendi ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006427"><margin.target id="marg922"></margin.target>Zethum ex <lb></lb>oryza.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006428">Salubrius autem omni zetho eſſet anti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg923"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quum oxymel, quanquam paulò carius. </s> <s id="s.006429"><expan abbr="Cõ-ſtabat">Con<lb></lb>ſtabat</expan> ex mellis triginta, aceti <expan abbr="vigintiquinq;">vigintiquinque</expan> <lb></lb>aquæ nouemdecim, ſalis tribus thymbram <pb pagenum="495" xlink:href="016/01/144.jpg"></pb>addebant, decies feruefaciebant, elutria<lb></lb>bantur, & in vaſe inueterabantur. </s> <s id="s.006430">Quidam <lb></lb>aquam augebant. </s> <s id="s.006431">Alij ſine thymbra confi<lb></lb>ciebant. </s> <s id="s.006432">Quum verò tantundem aquæ di<lb></lb>luendo, vt vinum admitteret, ſalubrius erat, <lb></lb>ac minoris impenſæ. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg924"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006433"><margin.target id="marg923"></margin.target>Oxymel an<lb></lb>tiquum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006434"><margin.target id="marg924"></margin.target>Vinum Æ<lb></lb>thiopum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006435">Æthiopes, credo quòd vina non ſeruen<lb></lb>tur, & Chriſtum colant, paſſas vuas aqua <lb></lb>per diem madefaciunt, ſiccantque modicè, <lb></lb>ac exprimunt. </s> <s id="s.006436">Hic potus eò melior, quò mi<lb></lb>nus ſuauis. </s> <s id="s.006437">Deeſt robur, deſunt mala vini: <lb></lb>quodque maximum eſt, in eo ſuauitas ni<lb></lb>mia ad perniciem hominis & ebrietatem <lb></lb>nata. </s> <s id="s.006438">Videtur & ob id natura mel potius <lb></lb>quàm vinum paraſſe ad potum. </s> <s id="s.006439">Nam mel, <lb></lb>nulla regio non gignit. </s> <s id="s.006440">Idem vinum efficit, <lb></lb>nam temporis auxilio, ex melle & aqua pa<lb></lb>ratis vinum fit. </s> <s id="s.006441">At vina vuarum, neque fri<lb></lb>gidiſſimæ regiones ferunt, nec calidiſſi<lb></lb>mæ ſeruant: reliquorum fructuum vix ſer<lb></lb>uantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006442">Fiunt enim ex cotoneis, punicis, pyris, <arrow.to.target n="marg925"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>malis, prunis, herberis, moris, præſertim a<lb></lb>greſtibus, meſpilis, ſorbis, & generaliter ex <lb></lb>omni fructu ſuauem ſuccum, ſalubrem, & <lb></lb>qui ſeruari poſſit habente. </s> <s id="s.006443">Nam qui ſeruari <lb></lb>non poteſt, quum clareſcere nequeat, vinum <lb></lb>fieri non poteſt: vnde neque ex ceraſo, nec <lb></lb>perſico. </s> <s id="s.006444">Ob id zinziber, piper, garyophylos, <lb></lb>cinamomum, macerem, nucemque myriſti<lb></lb>cam addere ſolent. </s> <s id="s.006445">Qui autem ſucci ad me<lb></lb>tam coquuntur, ſeruantur: ſed dum ſpiſſeſ<lb></lb>cunt, neque potus ſunt, nedum vinum: erunt <lb></lb>ergo defruta. </s> <s id="s.006446">Sed vinum ex vuis album ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg926"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tuſtate flaueſcit, quia pars aquea reſolui<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006447">Nigrum autem potens conditum, in <lb></lb>multos annos odorem & ſaporem ardentis <lb></lb>aquæ acquirit, & fit fermè album, minus <lb></lb>certè habens coloris flauo: nam craſſior <lb></lb>pars ſeparatur reliqua attenuatur. </s> <s id="s.006448">Ita fit ar<lb></lb>dens aqua. </s> <s id="s.006449">Reconditur autem frigidis locis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006450"><margin.target id="marg925"></margin.target>Vinorum ra<lb></lb>tio & ſpe<lb></lb>cies.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006451"><margin.target id="marg926"></margin.target>Vinum ve<lb></lb>tuſtate in <lb></lb>aquam ar<lb></lb>dentem tran<lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006452">Vidi reconditum annis ſeptuaginta antè, <lb></lb>quod ex vigintiquinque amphoris, ad quin<lb></lb>decim redierat, pallidum ex nigro euaſerat, <lb></lb>eoque ardente aqua ſuauius, quo infirmius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006453">Vtile crudis humoribus, frigidiſque ac hu<lb></lb>midis morbis. </s> <s id="s.006454">Audio Lubicenſem Sena<lb></lb>tum gloriari, quòd Rhenenſia vina du<lb></lb>centorum annorum in penubus ſeruet. </s> <s id="s.006455">Olim <lb></lb>Falerno, inde Surrentino, pòſt Setino pre<lb></lb>cium maximum, quòd alioqui egregia & <lb></lb>chara, in multos annos conderentur. </s> <s id="s.006456">Tran<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg927"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſeunt & vina nigra in candida, amiſſo etiam <lb></lb>ſapore odoreque, percolata lapide Indico: <lb></lb>nam craſſior pars ac nigra retinetur in lapi<lb></lb>de: quod tranſit, immutatur ab egregia il<lb></lb>lius frigiditate. </s> <s id="s.006457">Marmoris igitur genus eſſe <lb></lb>oportet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg928"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006458"><margin.target id="marg927"></margin.target>Lapis quo <lb></lb>vinum in <lb></lb>aquam tran<lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006459"><margin.target id="marg928"></margin.target>Mignol po<lb></lb>tus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006460">Sunt & alij potus iucundi & inebriantes, <lb></lb>vt Mignol apud Senegam, quæ vltra For<lb></lb>tunatas inſulas paulò verſus meridiem ex<lb></lb>tenditur. </s> <s id="s.006461">Succus eſt hic, ſero lactis ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia & colore, niſi quòd magis ad ci<lb></lb>nereum vergit, haud abſimilis, arboris <lb></lb>ſauciæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006462">Alius è cocco ( palmæ id eſt genus ) eli<arrow.to.target n="marg929"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>citur hoc præſtantior. </s> <s id="s.006463">Naſcitur copioſa in <lb></lb>Chimam prouincia Sureni litoris hæc ar<lb></lb>bos, excelſa palmæ foliis, fructus illius ma<lb></lb>ior capite humano. </s> <s id="s.006464">Hic à ſumma ſuperficie <lb></lb>ad medium vſque membranis ac ſtupa obſi<lb></lb>tus eſt: ex huius craſſiore parte funes, è te<lb></lb>nuiore veſtes contexunt: iuxta medium cor<lb></lb>tex vt iuglandis ſub quo medulla tenuis & <lb></lb>candida, guſtu, ſubſtantia naturaque amyg<lb></lb>dalis recentibus ſimili. </s> <s id="s.006465">Ipſa rurſus medulla <lb></lb>recens contrita lac emittit nihilo minus dul<lb></lb>ce lacte animalium. </s> <s id="s.006466">In medio igitur medul<lb></lb>læ huius ſuccus continetur ſuauitate nulli <lb></lb>alij potui comparandus. </s> <s id="s.006467">Porrò ex cortice qui <lb></lb>medullam circumit, quoniam nitet, & ni<lb></lb>ger eſt ac durus, procula fiunt gratiſſi<lb></lb>mi vſus. </s> <s id="s.006468">Fructum hunc Itali nucem Indi<lb></lb>cam appellant. </s> <s id="s.006469">Integer venalis apud nos ha<lb></lb>betur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006470"><margin.target id="marg929"></margin.target>Coccus, pal<lb></lb>mæ genus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006471">Sed poſtquam in cocci mentionem inci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg930"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dimus, cùm nulla arbor tot vſus præſtet, de <lb></lb>illa referre tempeſtiuum erit. </s> <s id="s.006472">Hanc igitur <lb></lb>mittit India, quam Auguſto menſe putant, <lb></lb>effluitque interim lachryma candida, vt è <lb></lb>putatis etiam vitibus ſolet, quæ toto triduo <lb></lb>vinum refert. </s> <s id="s.006473">Sed ſi hanc coxeris ad tertias, <lb></lb>mel fit ſuauiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.006474">At ſi nec coquatur, nec <lb></lb>bibatur, tranſit in acetum. </s> <s id="s.006475">Rurſus mel ip<lb></lb>ſum ſi aqua purgetur, in diebus viginti, <lb></lb>tranſit in vinum. </s> <s id="s.006476">E fructus nucleis <expan abbr="oleũ">oleum</expan> ex<lb></lb>primunt: aut iuglandium vice ad amygda<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg931"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>larum eduntur. </s> <s id="s.006477">Fiunt & carbones ex exte<lb></lb>riore cortice, vt ex libro dum nentur ve<lb></lb>ſtes, etiam goſſipinis delicatiores, ſericeis <lb></lb>fermè pars. </s> <s id="s.006478">Foliis tegularum vice ad domos <lb></lb>tegendas vtuntur. </s> <s id="s.006479">Itaque cùm omnia pal<lb></lb>marum genera ſint multi vſus, præſtantiſſi<lb></lb>mum coccum. </s> <s id="s.006480">Eſt palma foliis prælongis, <lb></lb>aculeatis viridibus, & ob longitudinem cur<lb></lb>uatis, collectiſque in ſuprema parte comæ <lb></lb>in morem: cortex mollis ac per ſquamas <lb></lb>prægrandes, inuicemque ſuperequitantes <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg932"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inæqualis totus, non ſecus ac piſcium qui <lb></lb>ſquamis integuntur tergus. </s> <s id="s.006481">Talem in æde <lb></lb>pacis vidi Genuæ, ſed haud fructiferam. </s> <s id="s.006482"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> <lb></lb>arbores quæ transferuntur, aliæ non <expan abbr="viuũt">viuunt</expan>, <lb></lb>vt in Italia ex India <expan abbr="lignũ">lignum</expan> aloës: aliæ <expan abbr="viuũt">viuunt</expan>, <lb></lb>ſed non edunt fructum, vt Genuæ palmæ: <lb></lb>aliæ edunt fructum, ſed oblæſum, vt piper <lb></lb>apud nos: & quædam fructum reddunt per<lb></lb>fectum, quòd vtriuſque cœli ſunt patien<lb></lb>tes, vt vites ex Hiſpania in Indiam tranſla<lb></lb>tæ. </s> <s id="s.006483">Summa caudicis palmæ pars vbi toro fo<lb></lb>lia iunguntur & rami, mollis eſt, & amputa<lb></lb>ta non ſolùm manditur, ſed etiam habetur <lb></lb>in deliciis: ſapore tamen inſipido, & ſuba<lb></lb>maro: carnea ſubſtantia toti ex ligno, ſed <lb></lb>hac ſolùm in parte adeò mollis, vt edi poſ<lb></lb>ſit maximè iuuencularum arborum. </s> <s id="s.006484">Iuuenis <lb></lb>diu eſt, quòd qui palmam ſerit, vix vnquam <lb></lb>illius fructum videt, tam ſerò fructificat. </s> <s id="s.006485">Vi<lb></lb>deturque planta hæc <expan abbr="magnã">magnam</expan> ſenſus ſpeciem <lb></lb>præferre. </s> <s id="s.006486">Nam in Data Numidiæ vrbe, vbi <lb></lb>abundat, niſi maſculi florentis, ramus flo<lb></lb>rentis fœminæ ramis miſceatur, fructus <lb></lb>macilenti, ac inſuauis ſaporis oſſe præ<lb></lb>grandi naſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.006487">Quòd ſi nullum auxi<lb></lb>lium à maſculo ſuſcipiat, fiunt fructus <lb></lb>decidui: at vel cinere, vel foliis, vel <lb></lb>cortice illius confirmata, fructus ad ma<lb></lb>turitatem producit. </s> <s id="s.006488">Nec mirum ſimilibus <lb></lb>confirmari, quòd ſimilibus alitur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="496" xlink:href="016/01/145.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006489"><margin.target id="marg930"></margin.target>Palmæ de<lb></lb>cem vſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006490"><margin.target id="marg931"></margin.target>Palmæ for<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006491"><margin.target id="marg932"></margin.target>Arborum <lb></lb>quæ tranſ-<lb></lb>feruntur <lb></lb>differentiæ <lb></lb>quatuor.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006492">Melius igitur eſt cum Platone, ſenſum <lb></lb>quendam ineſſe plantis exiſtimare. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg933"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006493"><margin.target id="marg933"></margin.target>Palmites <lb></lb>qui eduntur, <lb></lb>ſeu Chiphil<lb></lb>tum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006494">Palmites eundem guſtum referunt: ea<lb></lb>demque ſubſtantia carnea, candida, ſolida, <lb></lb>ſed illorum pars ima, quæ radici iungitur, <lb></lb>manditur ſolùm: ſurculi, qui palmæ folia <lb></lb>referunt, candidi & ipſi, ſed lignoſi, non <lb></lb>apti cibo. </s> <s id="s.006495">Sapor idem qui palmæ ſummo <lb></lb>caudici, ideoque cum ſale, pipere oleo edi <lb></lb>ſolet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006496">Differunt tamen plurimùm à palma Pal<lb></lb>mites: quemadmodum enim Palma procera <lb></lb>eſt arbor, & dactylos ferens, ſic illi race<lb></lb>mos: inſtar vuarum, edunt: cætera palmæ <lb></lb>ſimilia. </s> <s id="s.006497">Verùm, hoc vno illa præſtantior, <lb></lb>quòd Venerem mirum in modum, ac vehe<lb></lb>mentiùs omnibus aliis philtris, excitat. </s> <s id="s.006498">Nam <lb></lb>plurimùm excrementi in concoctione ter<lb></lb>tia, plurimumque flatus gignit, & mul<lb></lb>tùm ſtimulat, & diu manet in ventri<lb></lb>culo. <arrow.to.target n="marg934"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006499"><margin.target id="marg934"></margin.target>Bdelium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006500">Sicilia hoc ſuffrutice abundat, è quo etiam <lb></lb>Bdelium excipitur, ſed ſubnigrum & mi<lb></lb>nus efficax: vim tamen habet iucundi odo<lb></lb>ris. </s> <s id="s.006501">Optimum adeò olim in precio erat, vt <lb></lb>Moſes plantam hanc in Geneſi inter præci<lb></lb>puas, auro illam iungens, collocarit: ſeu <lb></lb>lachrymæ excellentia ſolùm, ſed etiam vſu <lb></lb>plantæ. </s> <s id="s.006502">Viſum eſt profectò illi, vt planta <lb></lb>hæc tam egregia, & è cuius fructu thy<lb></lb>miama elegans effunderetur, iuxta hortum <lb></lb>deliciarum collocaretur. </s> <s id="s.006503">Sed videtur, Mo<lb></lb>ſes aliud genus plantæ intellexiſſe, atque <lb></lb>regionem Bactrianam: ſiquidem ibi Bde<lb></lb>lium ex arbore, non è frutice naſcitur. </s> <s id="s.006504">Hæc <lb></lb>oleæ magnitudine, nigraque folio, roboris <lb></lb>eſt, ac fructu caprifici: ex hoc inquam po<lb></lb>tius quàm ex palmite naſcitur Bdelium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006505">Nam quod à Moſe laudatur, ſingularis fra<lb></lb>grantiæ erat: noſtrum hoc malè olet, ne<lb></lb>dum vt inter thymiamata poſſit numerari. <arrow.to.target n="marg935"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006506"><margin.target id="marg935"></margin.target>Aloës hepati <lb></lb>ca cur pin<lb></lb>guibus fo<lb></lb>liis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006507">Cæterùm, vt palmites aridis ſurculis ſunt, <lb></lb>ita nonnullæ aliæ herbæ pinguibus admo<lb></lb>dum foliis, vt aloës & ſemperuiuum, & <lb></lb>arbor Indica folio admodum grandi, non <lb></lb>tamen adeò pingui vt aloës, ſed ſpinoſa in <lb></lb>dorſo, quod mirum eſt, paruis tamen ſpinis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006508">Ergo vt pingues humoris multum conti<lb></lb>nent ſic aculeata olera, vt ſunt carduorum <lb></lb>genera omnia, vrinam prouocant, quòd <lb></lb>igneum humidum in eis neceſſariò abun<lb></lb>det. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006509">Sed cur aloës cùm amariſſima ſit, folia ha<lb></lb>beat pinguiſſima? </s> <s id="s.006510">nam ſemperuiuo ſimilli<lb></lb>ma, ſed nigricanti, & cubiti magnitudine, vt <lb></lb>ſæpe vidi. </s> <s id="s.006511">Cauſa eſt, quòd cúm & ipſa <lb></lb>aculeata ſit in extremitate foliorum, neceſ<lb></lb>ſe eſt, vt in tam copioſo humido calor abun<lb></lb>det ac ſiccitas, quæ ſpinas efficere poſſit: <lb></lb>quamobrem cùm parum prodeant compa<lb></lb>ratione magnitudinis foliorum, exuſtum <lb></lb>oportet eſſe humidum quod intus eſt, ſuc<lb></lb>cumque reddi amariſſimum. <arrow.to.target n="marg936"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006512"><margin.target id="marg936"></margin.target>Ligni ſancti <lb></lb>deſcriptio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006513">Sed ad arbores reuertor, raras maximè, è <lb></lb>quibus eſt lignum ſanctum vocatum, quod <lb></lb>ex Indiæ occidentalis inſulis aduehitur, vn<lb></lb>de morbus etiam irrepſit. </s> <s id="s.006514">Et quamvis de <lb></lb>morbi illius natura libros octo ediderimus, <lb></lb>formam tamen hic arboris deſcribere pro<lb></lb>poſui. </s> <s id="s.006515">Naſcitur in Hiſpania, circumque ia<lb></lb>centibus inſulis noui orbis, iuglandæ pau<lb></lb>lò minor, cortice maculoſo alternantibus <lb></lb>viridi, ac cinereo, folio arbuti minore, ac <lb></lb>viridiore. </s> <s id="s.006516">Flos candidus, croceus fructus, <lb></lb>forma cuius ac magnitudo duobus iunctis <lb></lb>lupinis ſimilis eſt: arbor adeò frequens, vt <lb></lb>luci paſſim, vt apud nos quercea nemora <lb></lb>videantur. </s> <s id="s.006517">Extrahimus ex hoc non ſolùm, <lb></lb>ſed etiam quocunque alio ligno lachrymam, <lb></lb>quæ pretioſior eſt ipſo ligno, hoc modo<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Secatur lignum in fruſta digiti craſſitudine, <lb></lb>exponunturque igni, inde colligitur quic<lb></lb>quid ineſt lachrymæ in ligno. </s> <s id="s.006518">Eſt autem <arrow.to.target n="marg937"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lachrymæ genus duplex, liquidum atque ſic<lb></lb>cum: & rurſus crudum, vt ceraſi ac pruni: <lb></lb>& pingue, vt tædarum omnium: ardet enim <lb></lb>Cur autem hæ ardeant, illæ non, dictum eſt <lb></lb>priùs. </s> <s id="s.006519">Sed cur hæ liqueſcant, aliæ rema<lb></lb>neant ſiccæ, nondum dictum. </s> <s id="s.006520">Liqueſcunt <lb></lb>quæ parum continent terrei: nam lateres, <lb></lb>quia plurimum habent terræ, non liqueſ<lb></lb>cunt. </s> <s id="s.006521">Igitur concocta magis tædarum la<lb></lb>chryma, & maturando aptior: non ta<lb></lb>men calidior, nam Euphorbij calidiſſi<lb></lb>ma, quamvis è lactis genere, non tædarum <lb></lb>lachryma. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006522"><margin.target id="marg937"></margin.target>Modus la<lb></lb>chrymam e <lb></lb>quocunque <lb></lb>ligno extra<lb></lb>hendi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006523">Lachryma<lb></lb>ram arbo<lb></lb>rearum ge<lb></lb>nera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006524">Eſt autem Euphorbium ſpinoſæ plantæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg938"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lac, ſed non exquiſitè candidum, tempore <lb></lb>tamen quia ſiccatur, vt lentiſci lachryma, <lb></lb>& dentes flaueſcit: quòd etiam ſignum ve<lb></lb>tuſtatis. </s> <s id="s.006525">Simile quiddam habet cum barbara <lb></lb>radice dum colligitur, acris enim ſuccus, <lb></lb>tum quia lac, vt dictum eſt, omne planta<lb></lb>rum, aut ex putredine, aut ex frigiditate, vel <lb></lb>ſiccitate. </s> <s id="s.006526">Verùm cùm non exquiſitè ſit can<lb></lb>didus hic ſuccus, ſed ſubcroceus, non à fri<lb></lb>giditate ſit. </s> <s id="s.006527">Declarabimus autem inferiùs <lb></lb>omnem plantam aculeatam eſſe immodicè <lb></lb>ſiccam: ſicciſſimum igitur Euphorbium. </s> <s id="s.006528">Eſt <lb></lb>verò calidiſſimum, atque ob id ſuper impoſi<lb></lb>tum nudis oſſibus vna die, ea deſquamare <lb></lb>ſolet, tanta eſt ill ius vis. </s> <s id="s.006529">Eadem ratione & <lb></lb>lac tithymalorum dentes frangit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006530"><margin.target id="marg938"></margin.target>Euphorbium</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006531">Sed dices: Cùm quatuor ſint tantùm <lb></lb>humida in miſtis, lachryma ad quódnam <lb></lb>genus reducetur? </s> <s id="s.006532">Eſt autem lachryma in <lb></lb>arboribus, quòd mucoſus ſuccus in herbis: <lb></lb>nam hic in plantis vix eſt, rara quoque <lb></lb>in herbis lachryma. </s> <s id="s.006533">Mucoſus ſuccus im<lb></lb>perfectus eſt ad olei pinguedinem compa<lb></lb>ratus: lachryma verò pingue humidum <lb></lb>aqueo miſtum ac terreo. </s> <s id="s.006534">In omni igitur <lb></lb>lachryma oleum, ideoque facilè extrahi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006535">Siccæ autem lachrymæ, qualis ſtyrax <lb></lb>& pix Græca, naualiſque. </s> <s id="s.006536">Excipiuntur hæ <lb></lb>ex fruſtis pini in fornacem coniectis, dum <lb></lb>diutiùs ardent: diftillat enim pix, quam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg939"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocant naualem, nigra lucidaque, con<lb></lb>ſumit oleum, & ab illo eluitur? </s> <s id="s.006537">lachry<lb></lb>mæ enim ab oleo, oleum à furfure de<lb></lb>tergitur. </s> <s id="s.006538">Picata igitur vaſa oleum ſi im<lb></lb>ponatur abſumunt, ob ſiccitatem cum <lb></lb>tenuitate iunctam. </s> <s id="s.006539">Quia verò omne gum<lb></lb>mi pingue eſt, atque ex aquea ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia, perſpicuum eſt etiam omne, & vbi <lb></lb>abundat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006540"><margin.target id="marg939"></margin.target>Pix cur o<lb></lb>leum abſu<lb></lb>mal</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006541">Vndæ larigneæ tabulæ tenues, ſi ex his ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg940"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bernacula <expan abbr="fiãt">fiant</expan>, impoſitis luminibus exteriùs <pb pagenum="497" xlink:href="016/01/146.jpg"></pb>adeò relucent, vt tota ardere videantur. </s> <s id="s.006542">Eſt <lb></lb>enim laricis lignum rubicundum & perſpi<lb></lb>cuum: propter id facilè fuit barbaris, & an<lb></lb>tiquis his experimentis turbæ imponere, <lb></lb>nunc ſatis ſit ad ſcenas vti. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006543"><margin.target id="marg940"></margin.target>Tabernacu<lb></lb>lum ardens.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006544">Pix autem Græca fit è piceæ lachryma, <lb></lb>& quam vocant colophoniam, apta ple<lb></lb>ctris. </s> <s id="s.006545">Pinus igitur lachryma cruda colo<lb></lb>phonia, excocta pix Græca: quod verò re<lb></lb>ſudat è ligno in fornacibus excocto, pix <lb></lb>naualis. </s> <s id="s.006546">Reſtat igitur ſolùm vt doceamus, <lb></lb>cur pingue omne humidum ſit perſpicuum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006547">Eſt autem tale, quia in illo viget calor <lb></lb>cœleſtis, ab illo enim concoctio: calor au<lb></lb>tem cœleſtis claritatem affert, vt de Sole, <lb></lb>Luna, ſtellis, earumque lumine conſtat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006548">Si igitur plurimum terræ miſceatur, ni<lb></lb>tet: ſi parum, & nitet, & ſplendet, ac <lb></lb>perſpicuum eſt. </s> <s id="s.006549">Sed de his ſatis, ad propoſi<lb></lb>tum redeamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006550">Eſt & fructus, quem Caſſiam vocant fi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg941"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtulam in illis regionibus, ſiliqua teres, fer<lb></lb>ruginea, nigrave, pollicis magnitudine, cu<lb></lb>bito nonnunquam longior, obliqua, ſucco <lb></lb>prædulci, ſed ingrato, nucleis paruis, lupi<lb></lb>niſque ſimilibus, ſed longè durioribus: ar<lb></lb>bor procera, folio fermè nucis, anguſtiore <lb></lb>tamen ac tenuiore: flore luteo, geniſtæ per<lb></lb>ſimili, frigoris impatiens, humoris auidiſ<lb></lb>ſima, vnde radices vſque in ſubiectam <lb></lb>aquam profert. </s> <s id="s.006551">Nec ob id naſcitur in no<lb></lb>ſtris regionibus, quòd ab initio, cœli in<lb></lb>clementia obſtet, creſcenti deſit humor: <lb></lb>nam in noſtris regionibus, profundiores <lb></lb>ſunt latices. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg942"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006552"><margin.target id="marg941"></margin.target>Caſſia fiſtula <lb></lb>cur in noſtris <lb></lb>regionibus <lb></lb>non creſcat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006553"><margin.target id="marg942"></margin.target>Vmbræ quàm <lb></lb>ſalutares, & <lb></lb>quàm morti<lb></lb>feræ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006554">Sunt & arborum vires etiam ex vmbra <lb></lb>admirabiles: exitiales namque (vt diximus) <lb></lb>toxico, iuglandi, tithymalo, adultæ ficui, <lb></lb>ſorbo indicæ, aconito, taxo, rhododaphni: <lb></lb>hæc arbos apud nos frequens fructum, <lb></lb>caſſis nigræ, non amygdalæ ſimilem fert: <lb></lb>geniculis ſtipes abundat: quod cùm Dioſ<lb></lb>corides prætermiſerit, in fructu verò de<lb></lb>ceptus ſit, effecit, vt hanc quam habe<lb></lb>mùs, rhododaphnen eſſe non exiſtimarem: <lb></lb>verùm ob fructus ſimilitudinem, caſſiam <lb></lb>nigram: at caſſiam non eſſe conſtat, ſed <lb></lb>cùm iumentis, ouibus, capris, ſuibus, <lb></lb>folio, ac flore exitialis ſit, cuperem de his <lb></lb>ſententiam eorum, qui in minimis adeò <lb></lb>ſunt curioſi, audire: nam & hominibus <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) noxia eſt, licet haud exitialis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006555">Salutares verò loto, fago, & Indicæ ho<lb></lb>bio. </s> <s id="s.006556">Quibus ob odorem vtilis, vt roſæ, <lb></lb>myrto, nardo, malo medico, iunipero, ve<lb></lb>lut mala buxo. </s> <s id="s.006557">Certauit & in his colorum <lb></lb>varietate laudatiſſimum braſilium, alij ver<lb></lb>zinum vocant. </s> <s id="s.006558">Prouincia eſt Braſilia, à <lb></lb>nemoribus, quæ hoc ligno conſtant, voca<lb></lb>ta, arbos non magna, Enzinæ ſimilis, ſed <lb></lb>tenuior, & magis obliqua: folium querci<arrow.to.target n="marg943"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>num, non tamen aſperum: cortex ex arbo<lb></lb>re potius propter ſiccitatem ſpontè excidit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg944"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006559"><margin.target id="marg943"></margin.target>Braſilium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006560"><margin.target id="marg944"></margin.target>Enzina ar<lb></lb>bor.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006561">At quia diximus Enzinæ ſimilem, eſt <lb></lb>enzina quercus in Hiſpania genus, minus, <lb></lb>& non adeò rectum, cuius glandes ob ſua<lb></lb>uitatem eduntur: vetuſtate braſilium fit me<lb></lb>lius, rubeſcitque magis, quo differt ab adul<lb></lb>terino: leue eſt, ſubdulce, aſtringentiſque <lb></lb>ſaporis. </s> <s id="s.006562">Præclara vis ad tincturam, & ad <lb></lb>ſcribendum, multiſque modis hoc rubrum <lb></lb>atramentum paratur: alij lixiuio potenti, & <lb></lb>adhuc feruente illius ſcobem immittunt: de<lb></lb>raſum vitro ſufficit ligni pars octaua, addi<lb></lb>toque modico aluminis inter cineres cali<lb></lb>dos, per horam excoquitur, protinuſque in <lb></lb>vſum admittitur, nec deſideratur lachryma <arrow.to.target n="marg945"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Arabica. </s> <s id="s.006563">Conſueui & aliter parare: lignum <lb></lb>in tenuiſſima fila deductum ſeco in fruſtula, <lb></lb>quæ aquæ decuplo pondere immitto, relin<lb></lb>quens infuſum horis ſaltem ſex, inde exco<lb></lb>quitur aqua cum ligno, donec tres è qua<lb></lb>tuor partibus decedant, fitque colos ru<lb></lb>beus, ſplendidus: ſi paulò plus exco<lb></lb>quas, ſanguineus ruber: ſi adhuc diutiùs, <lb></lb>cæruleus. </s> <s id="s.006564">Neutro tamen modo, ni protinus <lb></lb>in vſum admittatur, diu ſeruari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.006565">Pro<lb></lb>prium eſt enim omnibus coloribus, qui è <lb></lb>plantarum fiunt partibus, tempore muta<lb></lb>ri, nec purum omninò eſſe, quòd materia <lb></lb>plantarum imbecillis ſit, & humoris plena. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006566">Vnde ex eadem planta, Indi omnes colores <lb></lb>coquendo diutiùs, aut breuiori tempore <lb></lb>excipiunt. </s> <s id="s.006567">Certior & viuacior ruber color, <lb></lb>qui ex cinnabare conficitur: diſſoluitur in <lb></lb>aqua Arabica iam lachryma imbuta, vel oui <lb></lb>candido longa agitatione ad aquæ ſpeciem <lb></lb>deducto. </s> <s id="s.006568">Sed & huic ſuum vitium: nam ſi <lb></lb>humoris plurimum miſceas, ſubſidente cin<lb></lb>nabare colos dilutior redditur: ſi parum ce<lb></lb>lerrimè abſumitur humor, quòd cinnabaris <lb></lb>immodicè ſiccet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006569"><margin.target id="marg945"></margin.target>Atramenti <lb></lb>rubri deſcri<lb></lb>ptio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006570">Inter arborum genera quæ colorum va<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg946"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rietate præſtant, radix eſt vlmi, pòſt oleagi<lb></lb>na. </s> <s id="s.006571">Ex his ob id vaſa & tabulæ gratiſſimi <lb></lb>vſus, non ſolùm ob colorem, ſed & ob <lb></lb>ſplendorem. </s> <s id="s.006572">Varietatis colorum cauſa, va<lb></lb>rietas caloris & pars oleagina. </s> <s id="s.006573">Vt enim in <lb></lb>veſtibus, ſic & in his dum vitiat oleum, <lb></lb>priſtinos colores mutat. </s> <s id="s.006574">Sed in veſtibus ma<lb></lb>cula dicitur, in his grata & varietas, quia <lb></lb>cum nitore coniuncta eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006575"><margin.target id="marg946"></margin.target>Vlmi radix <lb></lb>lignorum <lb></lb>pulcherri<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006576">Betullæ primus honos eſſet, ſi tam nobis <lb></lb>quàm Getis, ac Sarmatis communis foret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006577">Depictas enim in radicibus imagines ha<lb></lb>bet, plantarum, volucrum, quadrupedum: <lb></lb>ipſa arbos quaſi media inter populum ac <lb></lb>pinum, capreolos auellanarum inſtar edit: <lb></lb>fructum, ex quo panes conficiunt: ſub cor<lb></lb>tice liquor latet ſuauis, qui ſitim leuat: <lb></lb>cortice domos tegunt. </s> <s id="s.006578">Virgæ contumaces, <lb></lb>ob id Romanorum lictoribus in vſu: lignum <lb></lb>& ipſum non facilè frangitur, ob id materia <lb></lb>ſcutorum? </s> <s id="s.006579">mirabili candore, ac quòd in fru<lb></lb>ſta tenuiſſima pro tabulis ſcindi ſe patiatur: <lb></lb>virgis etiam pro vinculis ruſtici vtuntur: <lb></lb>adeò lenta ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.006580">Locis frigidiſſimis <lb></lb>gaudet: & amica ſerpentibus, quorum copia <lb></lb>in radicibus perſæpe inueniri ſolet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006581">Sic ſuccus limunij colorem in coriis al<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg947"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>terna varietate mutans commendat: nam <lb></lb>priorem dum vitiat, retento nitore, va<lb></lb>rium dicitur reddere, non maculoſum. </s> <s id="s.006582">Sunt <lb></lb>& cannarum Indicarum radices varietate <lb></lb>coloris ac nitore gratæ. </s> <s id="s.006583">Atque in om<lb></lb>nibus his præſtant arborum, quæ in mon<lb></lb>tibus naſcuntur, his quæ in humiliori<lb></lb>bus locis. <pb pagenum="498" xlink:href="016/01/147.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg948"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006584"><margin.target id="marg947"></margin.target>Coria vt va<lb></lb>rium color <lb></lb>recipiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006585"><margin.target id="marg948"></margin.target>Naxus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006586">Numerantur inter pulchra ligna Naxi <lb></lb>arboris, ex quo arcus fiunt: roſeus in illis <arrow.to.target n="marg949"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>colos ac ſplendens. </s> <s id="s.006587">Sed Fraxini truncus om<lb></lb>nium eſt pulcherrimus: ſecatur in tenues <lb></lb>bracteas, fiunt ex eo tabulæ, ac menſæ pre<lb></lb>cioſi vſus: natiuum decorem, qui vndarum <lb></lb>varietate ſubtili conſtat, illito oleo è lini ſe<lb></lb>mine adeò augent, vt aureæ videantur. </s> <s id="s.006588">Com<lb></lb>bibunt ipſum intus ob calorem, & tenuita<lb></lb>tem illarum, ſubſtantiæque olei ſubtilita<lb></lb>tem: quod vt combiberint, ſplendor & colos <lb></lb>additur non deciduus, ſed æternus: omne <lb></lb>enim oleum ( vt dixi ) ſplendet, ſed hoc <lb></lb>maximè, vnde etiam ligna alia pulchriora <lb></lb>reddit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006589"><margin.target id="marg949"></margin.target>Fraxinus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006590">Fraxinus è Germania eligitur, vt naxus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg950"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>è Medera inſula Occidentis. </s> <s id="s.006591">Verùm, vt hæ <lb></lb>ligna pulcherrima edunt, ita arborum pul<lb></lb>cherrima platanus eſt. </s> <s id="s.006592">Hæc aliquando re<lb></lb>gum regem Xerxem meruit amatorem. </s> <s id="s.006593">Pri<lb></lb>mùm enim admiratus eam eſt: deinde ada<lb></lb>mauit ita, vt in expeditione proficiſcens diem <lb></lb>vnam integram ſub illa conſumpſerit: inde <lb></lb>diſcedens, cuſtodes amaſiæ reliquit, & do<lb></lb>na: etenim armillas, torques, chlamy<lb></lb>des, cæteraque nobilitatis ornamenta, <lb></lb>in amoris ſui teſtimonium ramis illius ap<lb></lb>pendit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg951"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006594"><margin.target id="marg950"></margin.target>Platanus <lb></lb>arborum <lb></lb>pulcherri<lb></lb>ma. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006595">Xerxes rex <lb></lb>amauit pla<lb></lb>tanum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006596"><margin.target id="marg951"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>pulchritudo <lb></lb>quibus con<lb></lb>ſtet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006597">Quæres forſan, Vnde plantis tanta pul<lb></lb>chritudo? </s> <s id="s.006598">Hæc conſtat fronde denſa, ſem<lb></lb>perque virente, ramis patulis atque robu<lb></lb>ſtis, vmbra ſalubri, copioſaque trunco te<lb></lb>rete, craſſo ac firmo, profundis radicibus, <lb></lb>quas limpidus fons perpetuò irriget, læta <lb></lb>viriditatis ſpecies, concutienteſque aſſiduè <lb></lb>venti. </s> <s id="s.006599">Hæc inquam, potuerunt maximum <lb></lb>regem in ſui amorem trahere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006600">Ob quæ, loto arbori ſecundus pulchritu<lb></lb>dinis honos debetur. </s> <s id="s.006601">Non eſt hæc adeò in <lb></lb>Italia frequens: exoritur tamen & in illa, <arrow.to.target n="marg952"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnium bonorum ſimul atque malorum <lb></lb>parente. </s> <s id="s.006602">Eſt lotos arbor procera, patula, am<lb></lb>pla, cortice leni cæruleo, fructu ceraſij <lb></lb>parui, dulci & odorato. </s> <s id="s.006603">Gratia tanta ar<lb></lb>bori, vt etiam ad nomen vſque peruenerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006604">Nam herba eſt eiuſdem nominis, de qua <lb></lb>fabulantur Poëtæ, eos qui ederint, tanta af<lb></lb>fici voluptate, vt è loco illo vbi abundet, <lb></lb>diſcedere nequeant. </s> <s id="s.006605">Sed non eſt hîc locus <lb></lb>fabulis, hiſtoria peragatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006606"><margin.target id="marg952"></margin.target>Lotos arbor.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006607">Diximus itaque, colores omnes plantas <lb></lb>excipere, non ita ſapores, nam ſalſo carere <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg953"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>videntur: reliquos habent, amarum, dulcem, <lb></lb>acrem, acidum. </s> <s id="s.006608">Amaræ, gentiana, aloës, ſan<lb></lb>tonicum abſynthij genus dulces, glycyrrhi<lb></lb>za, ſaccharum, polypodium: acres, ſiliqua<lb></lb>ſtrum, piper, naſturtium, allia, cepe: acidæ, vt <lb></lb>oxalis, oxyla pathum: inſipidæ, vt rapæ, mal<lb></lb>ue, betæ: at ſalſi ſaporis nullas eſſe Theo<lb></lb>phraſtus putat, quanquam muſcus ſalſus ſit, <lb></lb>ſed non admodum. </s> <s id="s.006609">Cauſam huius eſſe dicit, <lb></lb>quòd alimentum ipſum plantarum ne<lb></lb>quaquam ſalſum eſſe poſſit. </s> <s id="s.006610">At cùm plures <lb></lb>ſint terræ ſalſæ, nec quæ naſcuntur herbæ <lb></lb>in maris littore tamen ſalſæ ſint, exiſti<lb></lb>mandum non eſt, cauſam eſſe inopiam ſal<lb></lb>ſi alimenti. </s> <s id="s.006611">Ergo plures plantas ſalſas eſſe <lb></lb>dicimus, non tamen tot quot amaræ, vel <lb></lb>dulces: nec tam euidenter. </s> <s id="s.006612">Cùm verò ſal<lb></lb>ſus ſapor ſolus erodat, plantæ verò tardè <lb></lb>eiiciant excrementa, ob id vix fieri po<lb></lb>teſt, vt planta egregiè ſalſa ſit: humida enim <lb></lb>eſt, & ſalſum erodit humida, vt etiam <lb></lb>in animalibus videmus, quæ à ſolo humo<lb></lb>re ſaporem hunc præferente eroduntur & <lb></lb>exeduntur. </s> <s id="s.006613">Quædam verò plantæ cùm non <lb></lb>vehementer ſalſam ferant terram, vt ci<lb></lb>trangula, limunia, mala medica, ſi non <lb></lb>ſæpiùs aqua perfundantur, areſcunt ſta<lb></lb>tim, quoniam non miteſcens ſalſugo plan<lb></lb>tam illicò perimit. </s> <s id="s.006614">Accedit quòd cùm om<lb></lb>nes ſapores in tenui poſſint eſſe ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia, præter ſalſum, tenue alimentum ſo<lb></lb>lùm trahente planta, omnes ſapores <lb></lb>etiam trahere poterit, præter ſalſum. </s> <s id="s.006615">Sal<lb></lb>ſugo etiam imbecillima eſt ſaporum: <lb></lb>nam multa quantitas ſalis, vt aqua ſalſa <lb></lb>reddatur, eſt neceſſaria: cùm igitur & pa<lb></lb>rum nutriat quod ſalſum eſt, & diffici<lb></lb>lè trahatur, quia craſſum, & multum <lb></lb>offendat, & parum guſtum afficiat, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt paucas plantas, ac quæ tales ſit, <lb></lb>tenuiter ſalſas videri. </s> <s id="s.006616">Nutrit tamen Indi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg954"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cum mare ſalſam herbam, quam vocant <lb></lb>ſalgazum, quæ in eius ſuperficie perpe<lb></lb>tuò natat, adeoque copioſam, vt floren<lb></lb>tia prata referat: nam viridis partim eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg955"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>partim crocea: alitur tamen non ſalſo, ſed <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) gingni humido, quod ſali con<lb></lb>iunctum eſt. </s> <s id="s.006617">Noſtrum quoque mare mol<lb></lb>liſſimum herbæ genus alit, algam voca<lb></lb>tum, quæ ſimili ratione relicta ſalſugi<lb></lb>ne, nutritur ex pingui, quare & vere <lb></lb>pullulat, & æſtate viret, & hyeme emo<lb></lb>ritur, ob id etiam quòd ex pingui alatur <lb></lb>ferendis vrceis accommodata, vnde in <lb></lb>illa ſepulta vaſa vitrea Veneti ad nos <lb></lb>tranſmittunt. </s> <s id="s.006618">Eſt & coralina, muſci ma<lb></lb>rini genus, egregiè ſalſa, ſed in exte<lb></lb>riore ſuperficie tantùm: vnde cùm manſa <lb></lb>fuerit, aſtringens ſolùm ſapor apparet in <lb></lb>fine. </s> <s id="s.006619">Herba eſt exili caule, minuto folio: <lb></lb>optima punicea, purpureáve ac ſplen<lb></lb>dens. </s> <s id="s.006620">Contra vermes maximo præſidio, <lb></lb>maximè cum lacte. </s> <s id="s.006621">Itaque ſalſus ſapor ei <lb></lb>inhæret, potiùs quàm inſitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.006622">Sed <lb></lb>vnde origo plantarum in aquis? </s> <s id="s.006623">Inquit A<lb></lb>riſtoteles, & rectè, quòd quieſcente aqua, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg956"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſumma pars à calore aëris corrumpitur, <lb></lb>atque putreſcit, atque ſic vitam recipit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006624">Sed quia contingit, aquam moueri, herba <lb></lb>ſine foliis, ac radice generatur. </s> <s id="s.006625">Indicio <lb></lb>eſt, ob quietem herbas generari, quòd in <lb></lb>fluminibus aqua perpetuò fluit, herba nul<lb></lb>la generatur. </s> <s id="s.006626">Quum igitur herbam vide<lb></lb>ris in aquis naſcentem, indicium ti<lb></lb>bi erit aquas illas quieſcere & putreſ<lb></lb>cere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006627"><margin.target id="marg953"></margin.target>Omnia ſapo<lb></lb>rum genera <lb></lb>in plantis, <lb></lb>præter ſal<lb></lb>ſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006628"><margin.target id="marg954"></margin.target>Salgazus <lb></lb>herba maris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006629"><margin.target id="marg955"></margin.target>Alga maris <lb></lb>herba.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006630"><margin.target id="marg956"></margin.target>Origo plan<lb></lb>tarum in <lb></lb>aquis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006631">Rurſus quia ſuperſtare aquis abſque fo<lb></lb>liis herba non poteſt, diximus autem ca<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg957"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rere illam foliis, ipſa planta foliorum <lb></lb>conſitorum inſtar erit. </s> <s id="s.006632">Carere verò foliis, <lb></lb>indicio eſt herbas, quæ aquis inaſcun<lb></lb>tur: quoniam iunci fronde carent, quam<lb></lb>vis non aquæ: ſed aquarum alueis tum ri<lb></lb>pis inaſcantur: ob fluctus enim neceſſe eſ<lb></lb>ſet, vt frondes, foliave, ſi qua eſſent ex<lb></lb>ciderent. <pb pagenum="499" xlink:href="016/01/148.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg958"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006633"><margin.target id="marg957"></margin.target>Iuncus cur <lb></lb>flexilis, & <lb></lb>fronde ca<lb></lb>rens.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006634"><margin.target id="marg958"></margin.target>Dantes Al<lb></lb>digerio Flo<lb></lb>rentinus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006635">Simili ratione flexiles ſunt, vt Dantes in <lb></lb>Purgatorio eleganter docet, & quæcunque <lb></lb>aliæ plantæ fluctibus aquarum exponuntur, <lb></lb>vt cannæ: nam aquarum fluctibus frange<lb></lb>rentur, aut extirparentur, ſi non flexiles <lb></lb>eſſent. <arrow.to.target n="marg959"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006636"><margin.target id="marg959"></margin.target>Cannæ & ca<lb></lb>lami cur <lb></lb>inanes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006637">Præſtitit autem omni calamorum generi, <lb></lb>tum cannarum, vt eſſent inanes: nam craſ<lb></lb>ſum flecti non poteſt, niſi ſit inane. </s> <s id="s.006638">At fin<lb></lb>ge cannas craſſas & ſolidas, ac flexiles, num <lb></lb>ſua grauitate ſponte torquebuntur? </s> <s id="s.006639">Vt igi<lb></lb>tur rectæ eſſe poſſent, & grandes, inanes, <lb></lb>ac duræ factæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.006640">Vnde baculi ſenum tum <lb></lb>ex his, tum ex ferulis elegantes fiunt. </s> <s id="s.006641">Ve<lb></lb>rùm cannæ Indicæ quædam enodes viden<lb></lb>tur, ſiue ſit genus aliud, certè inane atque <lb></lb>leuiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.006642">Creſcunt autem ibi in incredi<lb></lb>bilem magnitudinem: mediocriter dum vi<lb></lb>rent molles, dum ſiccantur duræ. </s> <s id="s.006643">Pingui au<lb></lb>tem, non ſalſo aluntur humido: ob id pin<lb></lb>guiſſimum & minimè ſalſum Indiæ ſolùm <lb></lb>exiſtimandum eſt, quòd in immenſum ibi <arrow.to.target n="marg960"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>creſcant arbores. </s> <s id="s.006644">Referunt enim ibi quan<lb></lb>dam inuentam è Ceibæ genere <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam hoc <lb></lb>eſt arboris genus omnium maximæ ) trifi<lb></lb>dam inter cæteras, cui ſinguli trunci vigin<lb></lb>ti pedum ambitu cingebantur. </s> <s id="s.006645">Spatia verò <lb></lb>ipſa inter truncos iuxta terram totidem pe<lb></lb>dibus diſtabant: per ipſa verò ſpatia currus <lb></lb>onuſtus pulchrè duci poterat. </s> <s id="s.006646">At vbi trunci <lb></lb>in vnum coïbant, hoc autem a terra procul <lb></lb>fermè pedibus quindecim, craſſitudo arbo<lb></lb>ris pedum erat quadragintaquinque. </s> <s id="s.006647">Ab <lb></lb>ima parte craſſioris trunci, vſque ad locum <lb></lb>vbi primò prodibant rami, pedes octogin<lb></lb>ta: ſuperior pars, ex qua rami pendebant, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg961"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>abſque menſuræ modo. </s> <s id="s.006648">Huius tantæ proce<lb></lb>ritatis cauſa ſolùm fœcundum, cœli robur <lb></lb>arboris natura: nam lignum eius leuiſſimum <lb></lb>eſt, terræ modicum & tenuioris habens, <lb></lb>humidi plurimùm. </s> <s id="s.006649">Innituntur plerunque <lb></lb>radicibus profundioribus magnæ arbores, <lb></lb>quò fit vt vbi ſicca eſt regio, tribus, aut <lb></lb>tantùm quatuor cubitis radix procedit in <lb></lb>profundum: nec arbores ſolidioris materiæ <lb></lb>in immenſum creſcere poſſunt, velut in <lb></lb>Hiſpania inſula Noui orbis. </s> <s id="s.006650">Atque ibi tum <lb></lb>in montibus, vbi arbores radices in imum <lb></lb>terræ non demittunt, homines infidi ſunt <lb></lb>& inconſtantes, ſeu quòd immodica ſic<lb></lb>citas, ſeu mutatio ventorum frequens, mo<lb></lb>bilia & leuia mortalium ingenia reddit, <lb></lb>atque ideò infida & inconſtantia. </s> <s id="s.006651">Homi<lb></lb>nes enim plerunque ſui cœli naturam ſe<lb></lb>quuntur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg962"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006652"><margin.target id="marg960"></margin.target>Arborum <lb></lb>magnitudo <lb></lb>incredibilis, <lb></lb>nomine Cei<lb></lb>barum, ab <lb></lb>Hiſpanis <lb></lb>Gordarum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006653"><margin.target id="marg961"></margin.target>Solum quod <lb></lb>arborum ra<lb></lb>dices in pro<lb></lb>fundum mer<lb></lb>gi non pati<lb></lb>tur, homines <lb></lb>gignit infi<lb></lb>dos & incon<lb></lb>ſtantes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006654"><margin.target id="marg962"></margin.target>Arborum <lb></lb>vile.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006655">Ipſæ verò arbores, quæ ob ſoli ſiccita<lb></lb>tem profundas non mittunt radices, diu vi<lb></lb>uere nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.006656">Quippe arborum natura <lb></lb>ſponte ſua in immenſum æuum producitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006657">Narrat enim Ioſephus, quercum Abra<lb></lb>hæ ſua adhuc ætate manſiſſe: Interſunt inter <lb></lb>excidium Hieroſolymę & Abrahæ ſomnium, <lb></lb>anni ad vnguem bis mille. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006658">Poſt quercum, palma, plantanus, fagus, <lb></lb>olea, pinus, vlmus. </s> <s id="s.006659">Aliter ſentit Theo<lb></lb>phraſtus: ſed rebus ipſis magis credendum, <lb></lb>quàm Græcorum nugis. </s> <s id="s.006660">Oſtendit plerun<arrow.to.target n="marg963"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que ſenectutem longam, arborum magni<lb></lb>tudo, radicúmque amplitudo. </s> <s id="s.006661">Cauſa diu<lb></lb>turnioris vitæ, paucitas fructus, ac <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt ita <lb></lb>dicam) ſterilitas, tum verò ſolida ſubſtantia <lb></lb>ligni. </s> <s id="s.006662">Vnde etiam quercus lignum ſub aqua <lb></lb>illæſum perpetuò manet, tantummodóque <lb></lb>denigratur: ſolidum enim cùm ſit, nec cor<lb></lb>rumpitur ab aqua, necdum viuit facilè ab<lb></lb>ſumitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006663"><margin.target id="marg963"></margin.target>Quercus li<lb></lb>gnum aquæ <lb></lb>minimè ob<lb></lb>noxium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006664">Contraria ratione arbor, quæ poma fert <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg964"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>paradiſi, breuiſſimæ eſt vitæ, anno enim <lb></lb>ſecunda truncus, areſcit: fructus fert in bo<lb></lb>tris, vt ſunt acini vuæ, ſed mali magnitu<lb></lb>dine, ac in botro vno quandoque centenos, <lb></lb>vnde ciſtæ magnitudinem refert botrus: cro<lb></lb>ceo verò velatur amictu, quo detracto fru<lb></lb>ctus prædulcis, ac ſuauis ſubeſt folium tam <lb></lb>longum fert, vt hominem ſtantem æquet: <lb></lb>latum non parum. </s> <s id="s.006665">Ita fructuum multitudi<lb></lb>ne, ac magnitudine tum foliorum exhau<lb></lb>ritur. </s> <s id="s.006666">Vnde nulli propemodum arbori lon<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg965"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gæuæ folia ampla: ſed potiùs herbis, cauli, <lb></lb>lapatho, cucurbitæ: nec huic prodeſt pro<lb></lb>ceritas, cùm anno eodem quo nata eſt in<lb></lb>tereat, nam humido copioſo indigent ma<lb></lb>gna folia: hoc autem cùm plurimùm ſit nec <lb></lb>pingue, mortem affert celeriter: ob id <lb></lb>etiam agreſtes cultis, & quæ naſcuntur <lb></lb>in terra, his quæ in aquis, vitæ diutur<lb></lb>nioris. </s> <s id="s.006667">His de cauſis breuis vitæ ſunt lau<lb></lb>rus, ligno ſpongioſo, punica malus, tum <lb></lb>ficus, & quæ mala etiam fert: omnes enim <lb></lb>fructibus pro arboris magnitudine nimis <lb></lb>luxuriant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006668"><margin.target id="marg964"></margin.target>Poma Para<lb></lb>diſi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006669"><margin.target id="marg965"></margin.target>Cur arbores <lb></lb>non habeant <lb></lb>tam lata fo<lb></lb>lia vt olera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006670">Inter fructiferas, ne vitem ſilentio præ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg966"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teream, quæ quandoque ter in anno ferat <lb></lb>fructum, vnde trifera vocata eſt, vltima <lb></lb>tamen vua non matureſcit. </s> <s id="s.006671">Ficui familiare <lb></lb>eſt, bis anno eodem ferre fructum, primò <lb></lb>rariorem ac maiorem, ſecundò tantò fre<lb></lb>quentiorem, quantò etiam minorem. </s> <s id="s.006672">Pa<lb></lb>làm eſt autem, omnem arborem præter fi<lb></lb>cum toties florere, quoties fructum editu<lb></lb>ra eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006673"><margin.target id="marg966"></margin.target>Fructifera <lb></lb>maximæ ar<lb></lb>bores.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006674">Sunt & arbores arboribus inhærentes, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg967"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hædera: aliæ etiam innaſcuntur, vt viſ<lb></lb>cum: huius ſemen à pica, aut turdo cùm <lb></lb>comeditur, haud concoquitur, ſed ſtercori <lb></lb>immiſtum calore, ac humore dum arbori in<lb></lb>ciderit, radices gignit. </s> <s id="s.006675">Tria ex arbore com<lb></lb>moda habet: quòd plus ſtercoris habeat, <lb></lb>non enim plurimùm in terra colligi poteſt: <lb></lb>quòd nec imbre, nec Sole ramis intectum <lb></lb>facilè læditur. </s> <s id="s.006676">quòd humore ſoli non dilui<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006677">Eſt igitur denſum valde, quòd non co<lb></lb>quatur in ventribus auium, paucóque indi<lb></lb>get humido, multóque calore: innaſcitur <lb></lb>optimum abieti, quercui, pinóque: per<lb></lb>petuò viret, etiam in arboribus, quibus fo<lb></lb>lia decidunt: videtur enim vim habere <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">γενάρχιον. </foreign></s> <s id="s.006678">Narrat Ariſtoteles lincoſtim her<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg968"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bam fuiſſe multum aculeatam, quæ aliam <lb></lb>ex ſe pareret, hac ratione. </s> <s id="s.006679">Nam cùm in <lb></lb>aqua oriretur, & eſſet aculeata, multum <lb></lb>humoris inter ſpinas colligebat, qui tem<lb></lb>poris ſucceſſu putreſcens, à calore Solis aliud <lb></lb>herbæ genus producebat. </s> <s id="s.006680">Perſpicuum igi<lb></lb>tur, quomodo & cur planta plantæ innaſ<lb></lb>catur: illud dubitatione dignum, an quæ <lb></lb>innaſcitur, ſemper ſit, eadem videtur enim <lb></lb>herba, quæ alteri innaſcitur, certis generi<lb></lb>bus definiri: non enim omnis innaſci poteſt: <lb></lb>vt plurimùm ergo eadem, ſemper non. </s> <s id="s.006681">Vi-<pb pagenum="500" xlink:href="016/01/149.jpg"></pb>dentur autem omnes plantæ quæ aliis innaſ<lb></lb>cuntur, quippiam habere nobilioris natu<lb></lb>ræ, ac viribus præſtare: nam ſolet natura <lb></lb>ea nobiliora facere, quæ aliis indigent. </s> <s id="s.006682">Finis <lb></lb>enim <expan abbr="rationẽ">rationem</expan> habet, quòd in altero & ex al<lb></lb>tero fit. </s> <s id="s.006683">Quæ verò celeriter pereunt, vt vene<lb></lb>ris labrum, licet aquam contineat & rorem, <lb></lb>nihil aliud generant. </s> <s id="s.006684">Obiter autem in om<lb></lb>nibus arboribus plantas generari commune <lb></lb>eſt, dum cortex dehiſcit, aut ſcinditur, aut <lb></lb>vetuſtate deficit, vel cum quomodolibet ob <lb></lb>planitiem ſuccus aliquis, vel aqua colligi<lb></lb>tur cum terra. </s> <s id="s.006685">Dico autem ſuccum, quia <lb></lb>perſæpe ex proprio plantæ humido nutriun<lb></lb>tur, vt hedera: vnde etiam illud, vt hede<lb></lb>ra ſerpens vires arbor eas necat, Comico <lb></lb>ſignificante, Adnatam plantam matri fore <lb></lb>pernicioſam. </s> <s id="s.006686">Definiunt igitur ortus plan<lb></lb>tarum genera certo modo, non tamen ne<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg969"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que ſemper, neque exquiſitè. </s> <s id="s.006687">Cupreſſus <lb></lb>enim cùm magna arbor ſit valde, attamen <lb></lb>in Creta, aut ſpontè naſcitur, aut è ſemine <lb></lb>minimo, atque ob id triplex miraculum vi<lb></lb>deri poſſet, niſi ſuprà docuiſſemus, eadem <lb></lb>in plantis & ſpontè, & ex ſemine fieri. </s> <s id="s.006688">Sed <lb></lb>tantam arborem ex tam paruo naſci ſemine, <lb></lb>aut ſine ſemine, quid admirabilius ſit, non <lb></lb>ſat ſcio. </s> <s id="s.006689">Eſt autem ſicciſſima arborum, pin<lb></lb>guiſſimum habens humidum & maximè <lb></lb>concoctum: vnde odit fimum. </s> <s id="s.006690">ſtercora, & <lb></lb>iuxta aquas areſcit. </s> <s id="s.006691">Eſt lignum illius odora<lb></lb>tum, nec vetuſtate odorem amittit. </s> <s id="s.006692">nec <lb></lb>tineis eroditur, nec corrumpitur aliter. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006693">Quinimò folia illius tuſa veſtibus, aut gra<lb></lb>nis permiſta, omnem ab animalibus his, <lb></lb>qualia ſunt tineæ, blattæque, iniuriam pro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg970"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hibeat. </s> <s id="s.006694">Illud tamen mirum, quòd ſemen <lb></lb>eius ametur à formicis. </s> <s id="s.006695">Lachrymam & hoc <lb></lb>ipſum lignum emittit, atque vt par eſt <lb></lb>acrem. </s> <s id="s.006696">Igitur non ſpeciem mutant planta<lb></lb>rum principia, ſed potiùs magnitudinem, <lb></lb>formam, viréſque augent, aut minuunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006697">Sunt autem duo plantarum principia, locus <lb></lb>& ſolum: atque ob id alia aliis locis, vel <lb></lb>ſolo proueniunt, velut apud Ambroſſenſes <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg971"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in Phocide coccus naſcebatur olim, quo <lb></lb>etiam nunc noſtra purpura tingitur. </s> <s id="s.006698">Frutex <lb></lb>eſt, vt Pauſanias veridicus vir refert, rham<lb></lb>ni magnitudine, iunco ſimilis, ſed mollio<lb></lb>ribus, ac nigrioribus foliis: fructus qualis <lb></lb>ſolano, magnitudine erui: cùm præmatu<lb></lb>rus eſt, naſcitur ex eo animal culici ſimile, <lb></lb>ſed minus, quòd euolat: ob hoc igitur col<lb></lb>ligi ſolet antequàm erumpat. </s> <s id="s.006699">Simile ratio<lb></lb>ne in campis Galliæ abundat herberis, ma<lb></lb>ximè Lugdunenſi Prouincia: & in monti<lb></lb>bus buxus: nam Gallia, vt dici ſolet, ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg972"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ximè pars illa, ſaxoſa eſt & ventoſa & ri<lb></lb>xoſa. </s> <s id="s.006700">Buxus igitur ſolo lapidoſo, cœlo pau<lb></lb>lò frigidiore, ventiſque gaudet. </s> <s id="s.006701">Pinaſter <lb></lb>autem frigidioribus in vallibus, montibúſ<lb></lb>que naſci ſolet. </s> <s id="s.006702">Sic frumentum contraria <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg973"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ratione in inſula B. Thomæ, quæ ſub æqui<lb></lb>noctij circulo poſita eſt, ob ſoli & cœli <lb></lb>temperiem in herbam tranſit fruſtratis agri<lb></lb>colis. </s> <s id="s.006703">Idem contingit in noſtris regionibus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg974"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cùm nimis imbribus abundauerint. </s> <s id="s.006704">Et vi<lb></lb>tes eadem ratione ob nimias pluuias vuas <lb></lb>mutant in capreolos. </s> <s id="s.006705">Ergo cùm cœlum mu<lb></lb>tare non liceat, ſolum mutetur. </s> <s id="s.006706">Id fiet, ſi <lb></lb>certo cinere, aut terra effoſſa, aut fimo <lb></lb>pingueſcant arua. </s> <s id="s.006707">Vt enim fluuij omnes pe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg975"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>culiares herbas alunt, aut arbores, ita & <lb></lb>putreſcentes materiæ, aut cineres alij aliis <lb></lb>conueniunt. </s> <s id="s.006708">Generaliter tamen omnes ſuis <lb></lb>ramentis plantæ haudent: quoniam dum <lb></lb>corrumpitur materia, aliquid prioris natu<lb></lb>ræ ſeruat, atque ob id ſimile manet. </s> <s id="s.006709">Tranſ<lb></lb>mutatio autem & nutritio melior, atque fa<lb></lb>cilior ex ſimilibus. </s> <s id="s.006710">Maximè autem hac ſimi<lb></lb>litudine gaudet ceraſus. </s> <s id="s.006711">Nec ſolùm plan<lb></lb>tis hæc ratio conuenit, ſed animalibus ple<lb></lb>riſque, quæ ex putrida materia ortum ha<lb></lb>bent. </s> <s id="s.006712">Vnde vermium cinis fomitem ver<lb></lb>mium retinet, atque alios generat vermes, <lb></lb>& ſcorpionum ſordes ſcorpiones: & gene<lb></lb>raliter ſimilia à ſui generis putredine gene<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg976"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rantur, vt etiam ſuperiùs docuimus. </s> <s id="s.006713">Mu<lb></lb>tant igitur alimenta plantas, adeò vt ana<lb></lb>cardus fructum ferat exurentem rubeum, <lb></lb>fabæ ſimilem, ſeu paruæ amygdalæ, mel <lb></lb>intus continentem. </s> <s id="s.006714">Gignitur inter Siciliæ <lb></lb>incendia, & rarò alibi. </s> <s id="s.006715">Poterat forſan amyg<lb></lb>dalæ arbore comparari, nam præter mel nu<lb></lb>cleus in fructum paruæ amygdalæ ſimilis <lb></lb>continetur candidus. </s> <s id="s.006716">Nigreſcit totus vetu<lb></lb>ſtate, ita Solis & loci qualitate planta mi<lb></lb>tiſſima in venenum tranſit. </s> <s id="s.006717">Nec ſolùm re<lb></lb>gio, ſed ſitus multum facit: nam plantæ, <lb></lb>quæ exorientem excipiunt ſolem, celeriter <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg977"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>creſcunt: quæ occidentem, ſerò. </s> <s id="s.006718">Chryſo<lb></lb>comos quòd auream habeat comam, foliis <lb></lb>ac fructu caret, corymbis aureis, & radice <lb></lb>nigra: naſcitur locis aridis & opacis: frigi<lb></lb>da igitur & ſicca, & ob id foliis & fructu <lb></lb>carens. </s> <s id="s.006719">Videntur igitur in plantarum gene<lb></lb>re velut animalium, manca quædam atque <lb></lb>oblæſa: ſic igitur alimentum omnia mutat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006720">In Hiſpania lac ſerum, aut nullum habet, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg978"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aut perquàm exiguum. </s> <s id="s.006721">Vnde dum coagula<lb></lb>re ſtudent, etiam aquam addunt: ſunt enim <lb></lb>paſcua aridiora: ideò non vbique, neque <lb></lb>ſemper, quæ regula generaliter intelligen<lb></lb>da eſt, cùm de erroribus naturæ loquimur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006722">Aberrat autem natura non ſpontè quidem, <lb></lb>ſed materiæ vitio. </s> <s id="s.006723">Aſininum <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> lac ob ani<lb></lb>malis naturam caſei habet minimum, at<lb></lb>que ob id egregiè purgat, & ſalutare eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006724">Sunt enim in lacte partes ſex, ſpuma, pin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg979"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>guedo, butyrum, caſeus, coloſtra, ſerum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006725">Neque prohibet quicquam, quin etiam plu<lb></lb>res numero ſint. </s> <s id="s.006726">Serum eſt pars aquea, quæ <lb></lb>pingui omni extracta materia remanet. </s> <s id="s.006727">Co<lb></lb>loſtra alij vocant recoctam, quòd extracto <lb></lb>butyro, caſeóque coquendo ſerum colliga<lb></lb>tur, ſomnifera & vehementer humida, ac <lb></lb>frigida. </s> <s id="s.006728">Porrò ſpuma, butyrum, & pingue<lb></lb>do eadem conſtant materia, quamobrem de<lb></lb>tracto vno, reliqua eſſe deſinunt. </s> <s id="s.006729">Pinguedo <lb></lb>dulciſſima atque iucundiſſima: cùm verò <lb></lb>embola lac agitatur in modiolo inani pin<lb></lb>guedinis pars melior cogitur in butyrum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006730">Eadem agitata facit ſpumam. </s> <s id="s.006731">In vniuerſum <lb></lb>autem, quemadmodum & in vino & ſan<lb></lb>guine, lac partes tres continet: aqueam, <lb></lb>quæ eſt ſerum: terream, caſeum: aëream, <lb></lb>butyrum. </s> <s id="s.006732">Vnde etiam manifeſtum eſt, <lb></lb>quod aliàs ſæpe diximus, tria tantùm eſſe <lb></lb>elementa: nam plures his ſubſtantias, ne<lb></lb>que in oleo, neque melle, lacte, vino, <pb pagenum="501" xlink:href="016/01/150.jpg"></pb>ſanguine, liquoréve vllo alio licet inuenire. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006733">Sed etſi quarum eſſet elementum, nulli eſſet <lb></lb>vſui. </s> <s id="s.006734">Neque tamen tria ſunt verè in miſtis <lb></lb>elementa, ſed duo tantùm verè, plura verò <lb></lb>actionis cœleſtis habita ratione. </s> <s id="s.006735">Pingue <lb></lb>enim humidum ex aqueo, & ignea pars ex <lb></lb>terreo conſtat. </s> <s id="s.006736">Quæret forſan aliquis, quid ſit <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg980"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hoc humidum pingue, de quo toties ſermo<lb></lb>nem habuimus? </s> <s id="s.006737">Eſt autem humidum <lb></lb>aqueum, quod caloris cœleſtis tamdiu vim <lb></lb>ſuſtinuit, vt eum contineat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006738"><margin.target id="marg967"></margin.target>Viſcum cur <lb></lb>aliis innaſ<lb></lb>catur arbori<lb></lb>bus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006739"><margin.target id="marg968"></margin.target>Lincoſtis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006740"><margin.target id="marg969"></margin.target>Cupreſſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006741"><margin.target id="marg970"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>duo princi<lb></lb>pia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006742"><margin.target id="marg971"></margin.target>Cocceus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006743"><margin.target id="marg972"></margin.target>Euxus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006744"><margin.target id="marg973"></margin.target>Inſulæ B. <lb></lb>Thomæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006745"><margin.target id="marg974"></margin.target>Modus quo <lb></lb>plantæ omnes <lb></lb>omnibus in <lb></lb>locis proue<lb></lb>nire poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006746"><margin.target id="marg975"></margin.target>Plantæ om<lb></lb>nss fermà ſuis <lb></lb>ramentis <lb></lb>gaudent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006747"><margin.target id="marg976"></margin.target>Anacardus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006748"><margin.target id="marg977"></margin.target>Chryſoco<lb></lb>mos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006749"><margin.target id="marg978"></margin.target>Lac Hiſpa<lb></lb>niæ minus <lb></lb>habet ſeri,</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006750"><margin.target id="marg979"></margin.target>Lactis par<lb></lb>tes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006751"><margin.target id="marg980"></margin.target>Pingue hu<lb></lb>midum quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006752">Manifeſtum eſt igitur hoc tale eſſe, vt ad <lb></lb>animam, & vitam ſit paratum, & ob id <lb></lb>etiam nitorem in ſe continet. </s> <s id="s.006753">Cùm enim <lb></lb>aqua immota quieuerit, calorem concipit, à <lb></lb>quo immutatur, & nutritioni, ac generatio<lb></lb>ni plantarum, & animalium apta fit. </s> <s id="s.006754">Sed <lb></lb>tunc denſior redditur, quia tenuior, vt pin<lb></lb>guedo olei comparatione, oleum lachrymæ <lb></lb>arborum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006755">Pingue enim lapidum ac metallicorum <lb></lb>omnium, ac metallorum, ſimile eſt oleo te<lb></lb>nuiſſimo, ſolidiſſimo, atque pauciſſimo: <lb></lb>nec nomen obtinuit apud Græcos, Lati<lb></lb>nóſve, quia incognitum fermè ad hanc vſ<lb></lb>que diem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006756">Pingue herbarum & pericardij fru<lb></lb>ctum mucoſus ſuccus: omnis enim ſuc<lb></lb>cus herbarum, & foliorum talis: ſed <lb></lb>mucoſum vocamus ſolùm ab excellen<lb></lb>tia, in in quo manifeſta apparet muci ſimi<lb></lb>litudo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006757">Pingue autem lignorum lachryma, pin<lb></lb>gue ſeminum oleum, pingue animalium <lb></lb>adeps pinguedóve, aut ſeuum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006758">Cùm verò homo aliquid excellentius ſit <lb></lb>animalibus, illius pinguedinem aliis præ<lb></lb>ſtare veriſimile eſt. </s> <s id="s.006759">Nitet autem plena calo<lb></lb>ris temperati vixque ſiccatur, aut abſumi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006760">Verùm in tenuiſſimas partes extenditur, <lb></lb>æqualis vndique, ac ſibi ſimilis: nec refri<lb></lb>geratur, nec putreſcit, nec ardet, aut vix. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006761">Vt enim ad ignem metallicus adeps, ita <lb></lb>ad febris incendium humanus: neque enim <lb></lb>diuiditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006762">In lacte igitur & ouis multa eſt copia <lb></lb>pinguis humidi: in hoc quidem, vt ali<lb></lb>menti, in his verò vt ſeminis: quamobrem <lb></lb>& hæc vicem alimenti ſubeunt, nam ho<lb></lb>mines & carniuora animalia, oua non ſe<lb></lb>cus, quàm animalia deuorant. </s> <s id="s.006763">Sunt igitur <lb></lb>in lacte partes plures, quæ coagulatione <lb></lb>ſeparantur. </s> <s id="s.006764">Coagulatur autem lac à calore <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg981"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>proprietate vlla: nam non viuit, nec à vi<lb></lb>uente re cogitur. </s> <s id="s.006765">Calor autem hoc modo <lb></lb>lac cogit: dum enim tenuiorem pinguis hu<lb></lb>midi partem reſoluit, reſoluit & vinculum <lb></lb>quo pingue humidum aqueo nectitur. </s> <s id="s.006766">Ex <lb></lb>hoc igitur manifeſtum eſt, quot modis poſ<lb></lb>ſit coagulari: nam vel calore ſolo, dum <lb></lb>in ſtanneis vaſis caleſcit, inde vas in frigi<lb></lb>dam mergitur: qui modus eſt ſynceriſſimus: <lb></lb>vel admiſto coagulo hœdi, vel ſemine cni<lb></lb>ci, ſerúmque detrahit pituitam, vel lacte <lb></lb>ficus, túncque & bilem, & pituitam pur<lb></lb>gat. </s> <s id="s.006767">Manifeſtum eſt etiam ex his, quæ <lb></lb>nunc dicta ſunt, quòd ab omni plantæ la<lb></lb>cte coagulatur: coagulatur & flore ruben<lb></lb>ti cardui, qui in pappos exire ſolet necnon <lb></lb>oxymelite, atque hic modus ſalutaris eſt <lb></lb>hominis. </s> <s id="s.006768">Mutatur autem ſubſtantia lactis <lb></lb>poſt ſanguinem ab alimentis: itaque empta <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg982"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>capra, vel aſina, pabulo poteſt lac effice<lb></lb>re medicamentoſum, ſeu polypodium dede<lb></lb>ris pro nigra bile, ſenam ad omnem humo<lb></lb>rem detrahendum, ſeu agaricum, aut ti<lb></lb>thymalum pro hydropicis, aut fumum ter<lb></lb>ræ, vel lupum ſalictarium ad purgandum <lb></lb>ſanguinem, vel mercurialem ac maluam, vt <lb></lb>aluum, tantùm exoneres. </s> <s id="s.006769">Mutantur enim <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) corpora ex alimentis, atque pri<lb></lb>mùm ſanguis & mores, inde lac & ſemen, <lb></lb>ac fœtus, vltimò carnes & vires propriè ſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg983"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>miles præcantationibus. </s> <s id="s.006770">Itaque Germani <lb></lb>cùm magna ex parte lacte belluarum maxi<lb></lb>mè vaccarum alantur, iracundi ſunt, intre<lb></lb>pidique, atque agreſtes. </s> <s id="s.006771">Tauri enim tales <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg984"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſunt, qui eodem alimento vtuntur. </s> <s id="s.006772">Et Cor<lb></lb>ſicæ inſulæ accolæ cùm catulis paruis non <lb></lb>ſolùm cicuribus, ſed etiam agreſtibus veſ<lb></lb>cantur, iracundi ſunt, crudeles, infidi, au<lb></lb>daces, prompti, agiles, robuſti: talis enim <lb></lb>eſt natura canum. </s> <s id="s.006773">Quòd ſi quis luporum <lb></lb>carnibus vtatur & maximè corde, adhuc <lb></lb>euadet longè magis ferus & audax, ac perfi<lb></lb>dus. </s> <s id="s.006774">Euidentius autem hoc in animalibus, <lb></lb>quàm hominibus, & plantis quàm anima<lb></lb>libus, quia non aliunde mutantur. </s> <s id="s.006775">Et cùm <lb></lb>arbores ab alimento mutentur, magis etiam <lb></lb>& frequentius herbæ, lolium in triticum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg985"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& triticum rurſus in lolium, ſimili fermè <lb></lb>ratione, qua ex cæcis ac claudis, cæci ac <lb></lb>claudi non gignuntur, ſed ſani, & tamen <lb></lb>ex ſanis rurſus cæci claudique. </s> <s id="s.006776">Robore ſo<lb></lb>li ſoliſque, lolium in triticum tranſit, & <lb></lb>imperfecta in ea quæ perfecta ſunt: imbe<lb></lb>cillitate vtriuſque perfecta in obleſa. </s> <s id="s.006777">Hanc <lb></lb>commutationem pulchrè tuus ô Princeps <lb></lb>Poëta expreſſit cùm dixit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Infelix lolium & ſteriles dominantur auenæ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006778"><margin.target id="marg981"></margin.target>Modi coagu<lb></lb>landi lac.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006779"><margin.target id="marg982"></margin.target>Lac medica<lb></lb>mentoſum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006780"><margin.target id="marg983"></margin.target><expan abbr="Germanorũ">Germanorum</expan> <lb></lb>mores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006781"><margin.target id="marg984"></margin.target>Corſicorum <lb></lb>mores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006782"><margin.target id="marg985"></margin.target>Triticum cur <lb></lb>in lolium <lb></lb>vertatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006783">Tranſit & triticum in ſiliginem, tertio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg986"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>anno, ſi frigido & humido loco ſeratur. </s> <s id="s.006784">Vt <lb></lb>noſtra ſiligo pro ſegete eadem antiquæ ſint: <lb></lb>licet conſtet tritici quoddam eſſe genus, <lb></lb>quod toſellam vocant, craſſius ac rotundius, <lb></lb>ex quo panis leuior, ac ſuauior longè fit: ip<lb></lb>ſa verò planta ſine ariſtarum aculeis, vt pro<lb></lb>ximior videatur. </s> <s id="s.006785">Sunt qui exiſtiment zeam <lb></lb>eſſe ſiliginem, certè ex ea leuiſſimus fit pa<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.006786">Vtut ſit, cùm quædam etiam muten<lb></lb>tur præciſa, vt quercus, quæ nec periit, <lb></lb>nec integra renaſcit: ſed plerunque tranſit <lb></lb>in quercus humilius genus, nonnunquam <lb></lb>in geniſtam multis cauſis hoc contingit. </s> <s id="s.006787">Sed <lb></lb>tamen inſitæ euidentiùs arbores, cùm ſur<lb></lb>culi alienis tunicis inſeruntur, vt perſicus <lb></lb>iuglandi, ferente arbore Perſica parua, vi<lb></lb>ridia, ſubamara, dura, non ſecùs miſta <lb></lb>vtriuſque plantæ natura, quàm in mulis aſi<lb></lb>ni & equæ. </s> <s id="s.006788">Oportet autemtempora feren<lb></lb>di ſructum, vt etiam in animalibus, fic in <lb></lb>plantis conuenire: nam præcox ceraſus, me<lb></lb>ſpilo ſerotinè inſerta, cùm trahit alimentum, <lb></lb>ſtipes haud ſuppeditat, cùm ſuppeditat ſur<lb></lb>culus, quod proprium tempus pręterierit non <lb></lb>trahit, nempe qui iam refrigeratus ſit, ac fo<lb></lb>lia amiſerit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006789"><margin.target id="marg986"></margin.target>Inſerendi <lb></lb>ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006790">Dicunt tamen, vitem inſitam ceraſo vuas <lb></lb>præcoces ferre: quod neque ſemper, nec <pb pagenum="502" xlink:href="016/01/151.jpg"></pb>vbique contingit. </s> <s id="s.006791">Sed eſt modus in his præ<lb></lb>ſtantior: Triennis aut paulò antiquioris ce<lb></lb>raſi truncum terebra transfodito: per id <lb></lb>foramen bimæ vitis, quæ iuxta nata ſit, ra<lb></lb>mum traducito, locum diligenter com<lb></lb>plens fimo, vnde cera & ſtupa claudens, <lb></lb>ſic vt qui prominet ſurculus ab vtraque <lb></lb>planta trahat alimentum: inde poſt bien<lb></lb>nium in calidæ regione, in frigida poſt <lb></lb>triennium: præcinde ramum à vite iuxta ce<lb></lb>raſum, vt vitis à ſola ceraſo trahat alimen<lb></lb>tum: vtque vitis hæc præcoces feret vuas, <lb></lb>ſic eodem modo inſita, mala, roſa, flores, ſub <lb></lb>bruma. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006792">Eiuſdem rationis eſt, quum ſemen li<lb></lb>ni cepis inditum profert herbam lini fo<lb></lb>lio, ſapore verò acri. </s> <s id="s.006793">Oportet autem & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg987"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>alimentum conuenire. </s> <s id="s.006794">Atque ea ratione <lb></lb>excogitatam puto ſcalongiam, quæ tuni<lb></lb>cis ac forma allium refert, odore autem & <lb></lb>ſapore tum ſubſtantia cepam: vt inter hæc <lb></lb>duo media, ad vnguem videatur: medium <lb></lb>enim prorſus eſt inter omnia, ſeu natura, <lb></lb>ſeu arte. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg988"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006795"><margin.target id="marg987"></margin.target>Scalongia, <lb></lb>ſeu macro<lb></lb>cronion.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006796"><margin.target id="marg988"></margin.target>Conuerſio fo<lb></lb>liorum in <lb></lb>plantis an<lb></lb>nua diurna<lb></lb>que.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006797">Vertunt & arbores quædam folia ſolſti<lb></lb>tio, vt olea, tilia, vlmus, ſalix, populus <lb></lb>alba: alia verò ad curſum Solis toto ſemi<lb></lb>circulo ſingulo die, vt lupinus, heliotro<lb></lb>piúmque, vnde nomen illi impoſitum. </s> <s id="s.006798">Cau<lb></lb>ſa huius conuerſionis poſtremæ, eſt hu<lb></lb>midum tenue ad Solis calorem ſe habens, <lb></lb>vt corij ad ignem: quoniam & ipſum iux<lb></lb>ta ignem poſitum, inflectitur ad illum. <arrow.to.target n="marg989"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006799"><margin.target id="marg989"></margin.target>Flores cur <lb></lb>matutinò <lb></lb>aperiantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006800">Eadem ferme ratione, flores quum te<lb></lb>nues ſint, ac ſpongioſi, calore Solis ſicca<lb></lb>ti, ſuperueniente frigore conſtringuntur <lb></lb>Solis occaſu. </s> <s id="s.006801">At poſtquàm humorem noctis <lb></lb>combiberint, impleti ſucco, ac tumidi ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò à Solis calore matutino aperiuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006802">Verùm plantæ, quarum folia ſolſtitio in<lb></lb>uertuntur, aliam rationem habent ſui mi<lb></lb>raculi. </s> <s id="s.006803">Quum enim folia prope caſum <lb></lb>ſunt, quod humidum ſit, tenacius con<lb></lb>uertuntur: conſpicuáque fit foliorum ob id <lb></lb>mutatio. </s> <s id="s.006804">Itaque omnibus arboribus id con<lb></lb>tingit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006805">Verùm animaduertimus ſolùm in ea<lb></lb>rum foliis, quarum domeſtica à ſylueſtri, <lb></lb>pars colore multùm differt. </s> <s id="s.006806">Sed neque cre<lb></lb>dideris, hanc conuerſionem totam ſolſti<lb></lb>tij die fieri ( propè enim ad miraculum res <lb></lb>accederet ) ſed quod paulatim factum eſt, <lb></lb>dum perficit, id totum ad tempus in quo per<lb></lb>fectum eſt, referunt mortales. <arrow.to.target n="marg990"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006807"><margin.target id="marg990"></margin.target>De nucibus <lb></lb>florentibus <lb></lb>ia feſto B. Io. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006808">Baptiſtæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006809">Velut & de genere quodam pumilio<lb></lb>num iuglandum, quòd folia, flores, aut <lb></lb>fructus ſimul emittere creditur nocte illa, <lb></lb>quæ feſtum Beati Ioannis Baptiſtæ præcedit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006810">Quòd ſi ita eſſet, quod aliud ( quæſo ) argu<lb></lb>mentum illuſtrius noſtræ religionis aduerſus <lb></lb>pertinaces Iudæos, aut ſuperbos Mahumeti <lb></lb>cultores, aut garrulos Philoſophos deſidera<lb></lb>remus? </s> <s id="s.006811">Verùm (vt dixi) quod natura arboris <lb></lb>iuxta illud tempus contingit, id totum in <lb></lb>religionem diui illius clariſſimi verſum <lb></lb>eſt. <arrow.to.target n="marg991"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006812"><margin.target id="marg991"></margin.target>Arbores quæ <lb></lb>ex herbarum <lb></lb>genere ſunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006813">Sunt & quædam ex genere arborum, at<lb></lb>que herbarum, vt ruta, de qua iam di<lb></lb>ximus, ſaluia, caulis: arboreſcit & pha<lb></lb>ſellus in Senegæ regno, de quo iam di<lb></lb>ctum eſt: ex arbore copioſiſſimus proue<lb></lb>nit: ſunt autem parui, rubri, oculóque ni<lb></lb>gro. </s> <s id="s.006814">Alius verò Indicus eſt, magnitudi<lb></lb>ne amygdali, quem apud me ſeruo, & cu<lb></lb>ius feci periculum. </s> <s id="s.006815">Is nulla in parte à ve<arrow.to.target n="marg992"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ri phaſelli forma deficit: magnitudine ve<lb></lb>rò atque ſubſtantia tam corticis, quàm nu<lb></lb>clei amygdalis perſimilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.006816">Cortex qua<lb></lb>cunque tæda melius ardet: olei enim plu<lb></lb>rimùm continet, atque id adeò acre, vt li<lb></lb>guam feriat magis quàm piper: & ob id <lb></lb>creditum: mirum in modum prodeſſe vul<lb></lb>neribus. </s> <s id="s.006817">Nucleus, piſtacij ſaporem refert. </s> <s id="s.006818">Ob <lb></lb>id ſi ex herba naſceretur, non leuis lucri pro<lb></lb>uincia eſſet illum transferre: nam impenſam, <lb></lb>oleum corticibus exceptum ad lampadum <lb></lb>vſum, ſuperaret: toto medulla vſuræ loco <lb></lb>eſſet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006819"><margin.target id="marg992"></margin.target>Phaſellus <lb></lb>Indicus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006820">Herbæ enim quum ſingulis annis proue<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg993"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>niant ex cœli varietate, non ideò mutantur, <lb></lb>vt vel ſemine careant, vel ſemen edunt in fœ<lb></lb>cundum: multorum tamen annorum curſu, <lb></lb>viribus deficientibus, ſemina proculdubio <lb></lb>degenerant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006821"><margin.target id="marg993"></margin.target>Herbarum <lb></lb>tranſlatio <lb></lb>tutior ad lu<lb></lb>crum, quam <lb></lb>arborum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006822">Igitur re ex voto ſuccedente, licet ſequenti <lb></lb>anno vberem induſtriæ tuæ tibi fructum col<lb></lb>ligere: fruſtratus annua iactura parum po<lb></lb>teſt afferre detrimenti. </s> <s id="s.006823">At in arboribus <lb></lb>haud tanti eſt experimentum multarum <lb></lb>plantarum, pereunte agri vſu, & labore <lb></lb>irrito. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006824">Quicquid enim detrimenti multis herba<lb></lb>rum ſationibus irritis ſuccedere poſſet, hoc <lb></lb>totum vna in arborum iactura eſſet, ſi vel ſa<lb></lb>tæ non orirentur, aut ortæ non adoleſcerent, <lb></lb>vel adultæ fructum non ederent, vel ſi fru<lb></lb>ctus edantur inutiles. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006825">Ergo experiri in arborum multitudine, <lb></lb>periculoſum: in paucis, ob temporis lon<lb></lb>gitudinem inutile: & ſi etiam benè ceſſe<lb></lb>rit, ingratum. </s> <s id="s.006826">Longa enim expectatio<lb></lb>ne dum iterare nobis rem, neceſſarium eſſe <lb></lb>intelligimus, ſpes homines torquet, non <lb></lb>allectat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006827">Qui tamen primus in agro Mediolanen<lb></lb>ſi moros plantauit, lucrum tulit non tam <lb></lb>ſapientis inuenti, quàm audacis: ſed præ<lb></lb>mium potius tulerunt ſucceſſores, quàm <lb></lb>auctor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006828">Sed vt ad phaſellum Indicum redeam, in <lb></lb>regione naſcitur, cui nomen eſt Benin. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006829">Cortex eius ſolùm apud incolas in vſu pro <lb></lb>gingibere, vocatúrque ab eis Vnias. </s> <s id="s.006830">Be<lb></lb>nin regio in Oriente poſita, in itinere re<lb></lb>ctà ad Calecutum è Luſitania ducente. </s> <s id="s.006831">No<lb></lb>ſter verò phaſellus herbæ ſemen eſt, vt reli<lb></lb>qua legumina. </s> <s id="s.006832">Cauſa igitur eſt, quòd quæ <lb></lb>herba eſt, ob humidum copioſius in calidio<lb></lb>re, ac ſicciore tum cœlo, tum ſolo, in arbo<lb></lb>rem vertitur. </s> <s id="s.006833">Oſtendimus enim iam herba<lb></lb>rum genus generaliter eſſe humidius arbo<lb></lb>rum genere. </s> <s id="s.006834">Nihil autem prohibet, vt in ca<lb></lb>nibus, puſillas herbas ac morticinas cum <lb></lb>viuacibus, ac magnis arboribus ſpecie con<lb></lb>uenire. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006835">Memoria horum me admonet, vt de <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg994"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>olei in Senegæ regno naſcentis natura re<lb></lb>feram. </s> <s id="s.006836">Colore crocum imitatur, magiſque <lb></lb>illo dapes tingit, odore violæ, ſapore noſtri <lb></lb>olei quod ex oliuis conficitur. </s> <s id="s.006837">Optimum <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> <pb pagenum="503" xlink:href="016/01/152.jpg"></pb>olim oleum Titorenſium in Phocide, colo<lb></lb>re atque dulcedine Hiſpano præſtantius: vn<lb></lb>de ad coquenda vnguenta ipſum ſolum ve<lb></lb>lut rex habebatur. </s> <s id="s.006838">Omne igitur ſemen cùm <lb></lb>oleum emittat, eligitur quod vel copio<lb></lb>ſum, vel optimum habet. </s> <s id="s.006839">Optimum ſim<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg995"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pliciter oliuæ. </s> <s id="s.006840">Quædam verò ad morbos, <lb></lb>vt lini, vel heliotropij. </s> <s id="s.006841">Copia præſtant <lb></lb>oliuæ, lini ſemen, nuces, amygdalæ, he<lb></lb>liotropij ſemen, & rapæ, & henæ herbæ. </s> <s id="s.006842">Sed <lb></lb>& plura alia, quæ ob ignorantiam abiiciun<lb></lb>tur: nam & nuclei omnes, vt ceraſi & pru<lb></lb>ni, oleum continent. </s> <s id="s.006843">Octauo igitur loco <lb></lb>cortex phaſelli Benin adnumeretur. </s> <s id="s.006844">Atque <lb></lb>hæc de oleis compendij familiaris rei cau<lb></lb>ſa, dicta ſint. </s> <s id="s.006845">Naſcitur & arbos in inſula <lb></lb>Portus ſancti, quæ prima eſt ab Hiſpa<lb></lb>nia in Indiam tendentibus, fructum fe<lb></lb>rens ceraſo perſimilem, ſed coloris cæru<lb></lb>lei: exiſtimo eam ex genere ceraſi eſſe, ſed <lb></lb>regionum varietas efficit, vt illius lachry<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg996"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ma pro lacca in vſu ſit, admodum enim <lb></lb>rubet, ac ſplendet: digeritur in paſtillos, <lb></lb>creditúrque tum maximè antiqua firmare <lb></lb>dentes. </s> <s id="s.006846">Sed lachryma hæc vel ſpontè fluit, <lb></lb>vel etiam ſauciata arbore, quæ inferior eſt <lb></lb>prima. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg997"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006847"><margin.target id="marg994"></margin.target>Oleum ad<lb></lb>mirabilis <lb></lb>naturæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006848">Oleum opti<lb></lb>mum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006849"><margin.target id="marg995"></margin.target>Quæ copiam <lb></lb>olei emit<lb></lb>tunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006850"><margin.target id="marg996"></margin.target>Laccæ arbor.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006851"><margin.target id="marg997"></margin.target>Iſatis incre<lb></lb>dibilis merx.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006852">Proximus huic è plantis colori honos eſt <lb></lb>iſatidi, quo cæruleo colore panni inficiun<lb></lb>tur, Guadum vocat vulgus, nec pro vlla her<lb></lb>ba tantum impenditur argenti: cùm ex tam <lb></lb>vili merce vectigal ad multa aureorum mil<lb></lb>lia aſcendat. </s> <s id="s.006853">Vt verò hæc herba lucroſior, <lb></lb>ita pulcherrima omnium Lithoſpermon, in<lb></lb>ter cuius folia ſemina, lapidea duritie, can<lb></lb>dore margaritarum nitent. </s> <s id="s.006854">Cretenſe di<lb></lb>co: nam Italicum ab hoc non parum de<lb></lb>generat. <arrow.to.target n="marg998"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006855"><margin.target id="marg998"></margin.target>Lithoſpermi <lb></lb>pulchritudo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006856">Sed quæret forſan quiſpiam de palmarum <lb></lb>ligno, cur in fornicem incuruetur, quum <lb></lb>alia pondere preſſa flectantur in ſinum? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006857">Vulgaris eſt fama, & tanti etiam miracu<lb></lb>li Theophraſtum teſtem inuenio. </s> <s id="s.006858">Id verò <lb></lb>etiam cantheliis aſinis contingere, auctor <arrow.to.target n="marg999"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt Xenophon. </s> <s id="s.006859">Cauſam eſſe reor, quòd <lb></lb>prius flectatur, quam prematur: dum verò <lb></lb>iam curuata eſt, inflectitur ſurſum: habet <lb></lb>enim neruos, qui ad vnam partem incli<lb></lb>nantur. </s> <s id="s.006860">Aut ſi modò ad vtramque partem <lb></lb>flecti poteſt, ob ſiccitatem id contingit, velut <lb></lb>& in coriis: nam pondus ſiccare poteſt pre<lb></lb>mendo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006861"><margin.target id="marg999"></margin.target>Palma cur <lb></lb>in fornicem <lb></lb>incuruetur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006862">Plutarchus verò cenſet, quoniam ignea <lb></lb>vi polleat, irnitari pondere, atque ſiccatum <lb></lb>reparatis viribus contrahi: vel quia aëre ex<lb></lb>cuſſo robuſtius fiat, & magis flectatur in <lb></lb>aduerſum. </s> <s id="s.006863">Atque vt ex multis vna fiat ſen<lb></lb>tentia, lignum hoc quum pondere vexatur, <lb></lb>diſcutit, ſeu humidum, ſeu aqueum, ſeu <lb></lb>aërem: v unde breuius factum, retrahit ſe<lb></lb>ipſum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1000"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006864"><margin.target id="marg1000"></margin.target>Sicomori li<lb></lb>gnum quod <lb></lb>in aqua ſic<lb></lb>catur, & non <lb></lb>in aëre.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006865">Videtur enim ſimili ratione fieri hoc, ve<lb></lb>lut & de ſycomoriligno, quòd in aëre nun<lb></lb>quam ſiccatur, in alueis tamen fluminum <lb></lb>& aquarum gurgitibus celeriter. </s> <s id="s.006866">Nam <lb></lb>quum humido præpingui abundet, aëri re<lb></lb>ſiſtit, ne ſiccetur: ab aqua autem multis <lb></lb>modis diſſipatur humidum, motu primùm <lb></lb>abradente, frigore verò partim cogente, <lb></lb>& experimente, partim congelante. </s> <s id="s.006867">Ipſum <lb></lb>verò lignum pulchrum eſt, ſolidum atque <lb></lb>nigrum, & ob id, ad multa opera vtile. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006868">Vtrunque igitur horum, à contrariis contra<lb></lb>ria patitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006869">Minore admiratione dignum eſt, quòd <arrow.to.target n="marg1001"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtatuæ ſudent: nam ratio in promptu eſt, <lb></lb>quum humidum pingue, vi caloris ex<lb></lb>preſſum, ſudoris imaginem præſter. </s> <s id="s.006870">Ob id <lb></lb>maximè ſudant, quæ ligno conſtant cedri, <lb></lb>oliuæ, vitis ac cupreſſi. </s> <s id="s.006871">Contingit hoc ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1002"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gis Auſtris flantibus, quòd humor ſit co<lb></lb>pioſior, ac tenuior. </s> <s id="s.006872">At quæ in terra ſulphu<lb></lb>rea, ac bituminoſa naſcuntur, ſi aërea ac <lb></lb>ignea ſubſtantia ſint, parúmque terræ, ac <lb></lb>aquæ contineant, quales ſunt alnus, abies, <lb></lb>pinus, piceáque dum franguntur, maximè <lb></lb>ſi iam putruerint ſcintillas igneas emitte<lb></lb>re ſolent. </s> <s id="s.006873">Conſimili ratione cortices qua<lb></lb>rundam adeò redduntur vetuſtate candidi <lb></lb>ac ſplendentes, vt nocte prunæ inſtar lu<lb></lb>ceant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006874"><margin.target id="marg1001"></margin.target>Ligneæ ſta<lb></lb>tuæ <expan abbr="ſudãtes">ſudantes</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006875"><margin.target id="marg1002"></margin.target>Ligna quæ <lb></lb>cùm <expan abbr="frãgun-tur">frangun<lb></lb>tur</expan>, ſcintil<lb></lb>las igneas <lb></lb>emittunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006876">Nec verebor inter plantarum miracula <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1003"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>reponere, quòd Theophraſtus in quarto re<lb></lb>citat de fruticibus, herbam ab Indo allatam, <lb></lb>qua commanducata coïtum ſeptuagies ille <lb></lb>in die explere poſſet. </s> <s id="s.006877">Sitne hoc verum vel <lb></lb>non, nolim affirmare: quòd tantum eſt præ<lb></lb>ſentis inſtituti, adiiciam, in Venere ſcili<lb></lb>cet duo eſſe neceſſaria, flatum & ſemen. </s> <s id="s.006878">Er<lb></lb>go vt in ſatyriaſi citra coëundi appetitum <lb></lb>immodicè tenditur veretrum, ita nihil pro<lb></lb>hibet herbam eſſe, quæ guſtata idem effi<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.152.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/152/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ciat: quòd ſi ſenſim edatur, ſen<lb></lb>ſim etiam ſemen procreabit. </s> <s id="s.006879">In<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1004"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>di nunc, Bethel in ore, perpe<lb></lb>tuò ferunt huius cauſa: quan<lb></lb>quam non admodum ſalaces, <lb></lb>forſan repugnante loci natura, <lb></lb>quæ nimio calore illos eneruat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006880">Viride autem Veneri plurimum <lb></lb>prodeſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.006881">Denigrat au<lb></lb>tem dentes, ſi maſticetur. </s> <s id="s.006882">Ser<lb></lb>pit eius planta vt hedera: fo<lb></lb>lium lauro ſimile, quinque li<lb></lb>neis, vt in figura vides, diſtinctum. </s> <s id="s.006883">Ma<lb></lb>gnitudine palmum excedit, & ſapore lau<lb></lb>rum ad vnguem refert, nerui interiores <lb></lb>margini, quàm medio propinquiores: ſyl<lb></lb>ueſtri parte multum prominent: non er<lb></lb>go malabathrum: nec Dioſcoridi nota <lb></lb>planta. </s> <s id="s.006884">Diligentius tamen eius explica<lb></lb>tionem proſequutus ſum, quòd aſſumptum <lb></lb>illius folium copioſius, mirum in modum <lb></lb>hominem exhilaret: adeóque vehemen<lb></lb>ter, vt inſtantis mortis curam omnem <lb></lb>tollat, ſenſu tamen ſtante. </s> <s id="s.006885">Hoc autem il<lb></lb>li præcipuum: nam ſenſum ſi auferas, au<lb></lb>feres & triſtitiam, & timorem, vt in <lb></lb>ebriis, ſtultis, & his qui halicacabum, <lb></lb>aut ſtrimoniæ fructus ederint. </s> <s id="s.006886">At ſtante <lb></lb>ſenſu, omnem poſſe abiicere curam, om<lb></lb>némque timorem, hac mirum eſt, atque <lb></lb>rarum. </s> <s id="s.006887">Turcæ huius cauſa opio vti di<lb></lb>cuntur. </s> <s id="s.006888">Sunt qui croco hoc tribuunt. </s> <s id="s.006889">Iti<lb></lb>dem Indi ad Venerem excitandam Am<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1005"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>phiam medicamento, quod Hiſpani opium <lb></lb>eſſe dicunt, vti ſolent. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006890"><margin.target id="marg1003"></margin.target>Herba quæ <lb></lb>coitum ad <lb></lb>70. vices in <lb></lb>die excitat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006891"><margin.target id="marg1004"></margin.target>Folium Be<lb></lb>thel.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006892"><margin.target id="marg1005"></margin.target>Amphiam.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006893">Quærunt igitur iurè meritò quidam, <lb></lb>quomodo meconium, cùm immodicè ſit <lb></lb>frigidum, atque adeò vt occidat, poſſit <pb pagenum="504" xlink:href="016/01/153.jpg"></pb>Venerem excitare? </s> <s id="s.006894">Itaque aliud meco<lb></lb>nium ab amphiam eſſe exiſtimant. </s> <s id="s.006895">Sed & <lb></lb>amphiam venenum eſt apud Indos, atque <lb></lb>ex eorum genere, quæ abſque moleſtia oc<lb></lb>cidunt: quod meconio proprium eſſe, ne<lb></lb>mo ignorat. </s> <s id="s.006896">Sed forſan aliud eſt quippiam <lb></lb>quod & curas leuat, & Venerem ſti<lb></lb>mulat, & ſomnum affert, quale amo<lb></lb>mum & crocus. </s> <s id="s.006897">Ergo quòd ſint quædam, <lb></lb>quæ Venerem immodicam excitent, do<lb></lb>cuimus: quænam autem ſint illa, per<lb></lb>fecta plantarum hiſtoria etiam explica<lb></lb>bimus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1006"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006898"><margin.target id="marg1006"></margin.target>Flores cur <lb></lb>varij. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006899">Folia plan<lb></lb>tarum cur <lb></lb>omnia viri<lb></lb>dia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006900"><expan abbr="Partiũ">Partium</expan> plan<lb></lb>tarum <expan abbr="tẽpe-ramentum">tempe<lb></lb>ramentum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006901">Nunc docere expedit cur floribus non <lb></lb>vnus eſt colos velut foliis: id contingit, <lb></lb>quoniam ſiccatur humidum, nec aliud ſup<lb></lb>peditatur. </s> <s id="s.006902">Folia namque cùm humidum per<lb></lb>petuum ſubminiſtretur, agente calore om<lb></lb>nia neceſſariò ſunt viridia, qua de cauſa & <lb></lb>ſuprema ſuperficies ſtantium aquarum talis <lb></lb>eſt, & vda loca, quæ ſub ſtillis tectorum in <lb></lb>terra poſita ſunt, vbi Solis radij non ap<lb></lb>parent. </s> <s id="s.006903">Igitur humidiſſima totius plantæ <lb></lb>ſemper, & plerunque frigidiſſima, fo<lb></lb>lium: calidiſſima & ſicciſſima, ſemen: in <lb></lb>quarum medio flos eſt collocandus. </s> <s id="s.006904">Sunt <lb></lb>tamen & flores parte aliqua virides, cæ<lb></lb>tera cærulea: calathi forma: & hyacintho<lb></lb>rum genere eſſe aiebant. </s> <s id="s.006905">Parùm odorati, <lb></lb>atque humidiores. </s> <s id="s.006906">Frigidiſſima rurſus ac ſic<lb></lb>ciſſima radix: vt calidiſſima, ac humidiſſi<lb></lb>ma, fructus: in quorum medio truncus, pro<lb></lb>pius tamen ad radicem accedens. </s> <s id="s.006907">Trunci <lb></lb>denuò calidiſſima ac ſicciſſima pars, cor<lb></lb>tex: humidiſſima ac frigidiſſima, matrix: <lb></lb>lignum quaſi in horum medio collocatur: <lb></lb>totus tamen ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> truncus frigidus ma<lb></lb>nifeſtè ac ſiccus. </s> <s id="s.006908">Folia tegunt ſtipitem, <arrow.to.target n="marg1007"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>flores, fructus, ſemen: lignum velut in <lb></lb>animalibus oſſa omnia ſuſtinet, integitur <lb></lb>à cortice defenſionis cauſa: at in quibuſ<lb></lb>dam etiam cortex eſt, per quem defertur <lb></lb>alimentum: matrix & ipſa in quibuſdam eſt <lb></lb>nutrimenti cauſa: in omnibus humectat <lb></lb>lignum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006909"><margin.target id="marg1007"></margin.target>Partium in <lb></lb>arboribus <lb></lb>vſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006910">Quamobrem quæ matrice carent omnia <lb></lb>lachryma abundant, vt lignum ſanctum: quæ <lb></lb>copioſam habent matricis ſubſtantiam, la<lb></lb>chryma carent, vt ſambucus. </s> <s id="s.006911">Radix tra<lb></lb>hendi gratia alimenti à terra: flores ob fru<lb></lb>ctum, vel ſemen, nam in illa ſemper ver<lb></lb>tuntur: fructus verò propter ſemen, nam in <lb></lb>omni fructu ſub pericarpio ſemen contine<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.006912">Igitur fructus perfectio videtur plantæ, <lb></lb>ſemen verò ad propagandam ſpeciem. </s> <s id="s.006913">At in <lb></lb>quibus fructus non eſt, ſemen commoda & <lb></lb>vſus præſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006914">In hoc videtur natura plantis inclemen<lb></lb>tior fuiſſe quàm animalibus, cùm plantis <lb></lb>hyeme veſtes decidant, animalibus creſcant, <lb></lb>ſcilicet pili. </s> <s id="s.006915">Armauit & plantas velut & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1008"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>animalia, duritie, magnitudine, flectendi <lb></lb>facilitate, tum ſpinis. </s> <s id="s.006916">Muniuit enim qua<lb></lb>drifariàm follia, ſpinis ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> roſarum, <lb></lb>minoribus aculeis. </s> <s id="s.006917">vt boraginis: lanugine, <lb></lb>vt mentaſtri: pilis, vt violæ, & piloſellæ <lb></lb>vtriuſque. </s> <s id="s.006918">Lanugine denſior pilus, ideò ad <lb></lb>vulnera conſolidanda nil par. </s> <s id="s.006919">Sed & errores, <lb></lb>vt in animalibus, atque eò ftequentiores, <lb></lb>quò viliores. </s> <s id="s.006920">Inde fit vt etiam in paruis ani<lb></lb>malibus, in his quæ à materia gignuntur <lb></lb>putrida, in piſcibus, in metallicis abundent, <lb></lb>velut in plantis. </s> <s id="s.006921">Sed in animalibus propriè <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1009"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>perfectioribus monſtra ob raritatem, à mon<lb></lb>ſtrando dicta ſunt: licet tamen & hoc no<lb></lb>men etiam ad plantas transferre. </s> <s id="s.006922">Nam ſi <lb></lb>plantæ ſuum ſeruent ordinem, non ſolùm <lb></lb>partibus certis conſtant, ſed etiam numero <lb></lb>foliorum. </s> <s id="s.006923">Adeò ſolers etiam in minimis na<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1010"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tura fuit, cuius cauſam intellige: cùm motus <lb></lb>plantis deeſſet ad generationem, vtrunque <lb></lb>ſexum coëgiſſe neceſſe fuit, vnde plures per<lb></lb>ſæpe in vnum coëunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006924"><margin.target id="marg1008"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>arma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006925"><margin.target id="marg1009"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>monſtra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006926"><margin.target id="marg1010"></margin.target>Plantas om<lb></lb>nes certo nu<lb></lb>mero folio<lb></lb>rum conſta<lb></lb>re, & quo<lb></lb>modo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006927">Cùm igitur in animalibus velut in cari<lb></lb>nis ſpina vna eſſet neceſſaria, in quam om<lb></lb>nia oſſa implantarentur, atque in plantis <lb></lb>neruis vice ſpinæ fungerentur, neceſſe fuit, <lb></lb>vt & in neruo plantarum ſi vnus eſſet, aut <lb></lb>in ſingulis ſi plures folia altrinſecus dextra <lb></lb>ac ſiniſtra pari ratione, tum rami exoriren<lb></lb>tur: nam & in animalibus omnia duplica<lb></lb>ta, vt rectè Ariſtoteles dicit, videntur. </s> <s id="s.006928">Er<lb></lb>gò cùm in ſummo cacuminis loco folium <lb></lb>eſſet neceſſarium, gemina verò hinc inde <lb></lb>in nodis cuilibet plantæ vnicam ſpinam ha<lb></lb>benti, neceſſaria fuit ratio ordinis hu<lb></lb>ius, vt in ſingulis nodis duo folia, in <lb></lb>ſummo tria haberet. </s> <s id="s.006929">Itaque cùm arida <lb></lb>fuerit planta, nec folia emittere poſſit iux<lb></lb>ta nodos efficitur enophyllum, cuius eſt hæc <lb></lb>forma. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.153.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/153/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006930">Folium vnum breui ſtipiti <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1011"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>adnaſcitur abſque venis, ner<lb></lb>uiſque hederaceo molliori per<lb></lb>ſimili tamen, vbi folium ſtipi<lb></lb>ti iungitur, prodit ſimul vagi<lb></lb>na criſpia tenuis ac viridis, fo<lb></lb>lio procerior, in qua ſemina <lb></lb>parua continentur, viridis ad<lb></lb>modum tota herba, radix vni<lb></lb>ca forma capitis ſerpentis: cúmque Aprili <lb></lb>menſe in pratis oriatur, iuxta Papiam Ma<lb></lb>io areſcit: odore nullo, ſaporeque Vul<lb></lb>neribus prodeſſe creditur. </s> <s id="s.006931">Itaque cùm <lb></lb>hic non ſuppeditaret materia, è neruo <lb></lb>naſci oportuit folium, atque in cacu<lb></lb>mine: nam aliter tota planta tegi non <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006932"><margin.target id="marg1011"></margin.target>Enopyhlli <lb></lb>forma mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006933">Hac ratione pinguis, & pauca in eno<lb></lb>phyllo, in trifolio mediocris, paucáque, <lb></lb>ſed pinguior in helleboro ( non enim ſi te<lb></lb>nuis fuiſſet, tot folia neceſſarium fuiſſe fa<lb></lb>cere ) in pentaphyllo verò tenuiſſima ac he<lb></lb>ptaphyllo: nam in pauciora redacta fuiſ<lb></lb>ſet pauca materia, ſi fuiſſet craſſa. </s> <s id="s.006934">Quar<lb></lb>tò enim plura ſunt folia ſi ſtipes craſſus non <lb></lb>fuerit eò tenuiora eſſe neceſſe eſt: vbi <lb></lb>etiam materia ſicca pauca, pauci nerui, <lb></lb>aut nulli. </s> <s id="s.006935">vt in enophyllo, trifolio, pen<lb></lb>taphyllo: vbi plurima, plures nerui, vt in <lb></lb>arboribus. </s> <s id="s.006936">Quilibet autem neruus ordinem <lb></lb>ſuum ſeruat: cùm plures fuerint, ordinem & <lb></lb>numerum foliorum confundere videntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006937">Ita ſyderum motus cùm pluribus æqualibus <lb></lb>motibus conſtent, confuſi & inæquales ap<lb></lb>parent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006938">Ergo quòd folia in ſummitate plantarum <lb></lb>imparia numero eſſe neceſſe ſit, iam manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt. </s> <s id="s.006939">Nam vel à ſolis neruis prodeunt, <lb></lb>& fit enophyllum: vel hinc inde, fiuntque <pb pagenum="505" xlink:href="016/01/154.jpg"></pb>trifolium, pentaphyllon, heptaphyllon, hel<lb></lb>leborus qui nouem habet folia: nam ſi plura <lb></lb>ſint, melius eſt, vt per totam plantam iuxta <lb></lb>nodos bina ac bina digerantur, nec tantùm <lb></lb>oneris cacumen ſubeat. </s> <s id="s.006940">At contraria ratio<lb></lb>ne ſi pauca, melius fuit totam ad ſummum <lb></lb>plantæ traduci: nam folia ibi melius totam <lb></lb>plantam, atque ideò etiam flores & fructus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1012"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tegunt. </s> <s id="s.006941">Indicio eſt, folia propter flores, & <lb></lb>multò ante fructus naſcuntur: quibuſque <lb></lb>perpetua ſunt, his etiam toto tempore anni <lb></lb>fructus, aut flores: & quòd ſi folia ſeriùs <lb></lb>floribus naſcantur, his maxima pars fru<lb></lb>ctuum perit: hyeméque cum folia decidunt, <lb></lb>nulli flores, ac fructus naſcuntur, viden<lb></lb>turque ob id ſolum nata: nam cum hyeme <lb></lb>non pariat arbos, decidunt folia. </s> <s id="s.006942">Ergo im<lb></lb>paria ſunt folia plantarum, quoniam quæ <lb></lb>in cacumine ſunt, imparia eſſe neceſſe eſt, <lb></lb>inde hinc de alia prodire æqualiter dextra <lb></lb>ac ſiniſtra. </s> <s id="s.006943">Indicio primum eſt, quòd nul<lb></lb>la planta, quæ nudum habeat truncum, pa<lb></lb>ria habeat in vertice: deinde, quòd medium <lb></lb>folium ſemper ſit maius, pinguius ac ro<lb></lb>buſtius reliquis, tum illi proximiora remo<lb></lb>tioribus, quodque ex aduerſo nerui ſemper <lb></lb>cauitas in ſtipite adiacet, ipſeque truncus <lb></lb>faciliùs inflectitur in ipſam cauitatem, quàm <lb></lb>in neruum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1013"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006944"><margin.target id="marg1012"></margin.target>Folia pro<lb></lb>pter flores & <lb></lb>fructus facta <lb></lb>eſſe oſtendi<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006945"><margin.target id="marg1013"></margin.target>Nerui folio<lb></lb>rum cur <lb></lb>impares.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006946">Eadem ratione nerui foliorum etiam im<lb></lb>pares ſunt, vt in plantagine: nam vel qui<lb></lb>ni, vel ſepteni, vel etiam plures: nam præ<lb></lb>ter eos, qui bini à lateribus ſtant, medius <lb></lb>adiicitur. </s> <s id="s.006947">Sed ſi plantarum materia pro fo<lb></lb>liis abundauerit vnico cum neruo, adhuc <lb></lb>eadem ratione in cacumine imparia, per to<lb></lb>tam plantam bina ac bina in ſingulis no<lb></lb>dis. </s> <s id="s.006948">Quòd ſi plures nerui in trunco vt bini, <lb></lb>erunt quaterna folia in nodis: aut bina ac <lb></lb>bina, ſed non è regione: in cacumine verò <lb></lb>ſena vel dena. </s> <s id="s.006949">Eadem ratio in ramis, vnde <lb></lb>niſi quid oblæſum fuerit, aut monſtrificum <lb></lb>quod (vt dixi) frequenter contingit in plan<lb></lb>tis, foliorum numerum in omnibus certa <lb></lb>ratione colligere licet. <arrow.to.target n="marg1014"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006950"><margin.target id="marg1014"></margin.target>Mala omnia <lb></lb>certo grano<lb></lb>rum numero <lb></lb>conſtant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006951">Simili modo & in fructibus: atque vt à <lb></lb>difficiliori ſumam exemplum, mala punica <lb></lb>quæque pro ſuo genere, & quæ ex eadem <lb></lb>arbore naſcuntur, certum granorum nume<lb></lb>rum retinent, quædam nongenta quadra<lb></lb>gintaquatuor, alia centum viginocto, atque <lb></lb>alia alio numero, omnibus certo ordine ex <lb></lb>ambitu latiore corticis in anguſtum verſus <lb></lb>centrum tendentibus. </s> <s id="s.006952">Sic pyrorum ſemina, <lb></lb>ſic malorum, aut meſpilorum. </s> <s id="s.006953">Annectun<lb></lb>tur pediculis omnes, quia humidum, ſic <lb></lb>aqueum melius ab aëre diſſipatur, & fructus <lb></lb>etiam ob id melius nutriuntur. </s> <s id="s.006954">Semina ve<lb></lb>rò in his contenta, & quorum gratia fructus <lb></lb>facti ſunt, robuſtiora euadunt, & magis apta <lb></lb>generatio. <arrow.to.target n="marg1015"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006955"><margin.target id="marg1015"></margin.target>Sycomori <lb></lb>fructus & <lb></lb>biferarum <lb></lb>plantarum</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006956">Indicio eſt huic, quòd ſycomori fructus <lb></lb>abſque pediculo innaſcuntur trunco: nam <lb></lb>cùm hæc arbor valde pingue habeat (vt dixi) <lb></lb>humidum, non indiget, vt in pediculo hu<lb></lb>mor amplius ſiccetur. </s> <s id="s.006957">His de cauſis fructus <lb></lb>quater in anno edit, & quæ niſi ſaucietur <lb></lb>arbor non maturantur. </s> <s id="s.006958">Quòd iudicium in <lb></lb>ficu & vitibus, quæ ſæpius in anno fructifi<lb></lb>cant, facere debemus: abundant enim co<lb></lb>pia pinguis humidi, & ſerò vel vix matu<lb></lb>rantur, & ventriculo graues ſunt, velut & <lb></lb>ſycomori. </s> <s id="s.006959">Oportebat autem talem eſſe arbo<lb></lb>rem, quæ fructum adeò vberem ferret, vt <lb></lb>frumenti vice apud incolas haberetur, ſatiſ<lb></lb>facerétque hominum vitæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006960">Quæ igitur plantæ fructum vnicum edunt <lb></lb>& celeriter maturantur, parum habent pin<lb></lb>guis humidi, & adeò maturantur, vt facilè <lb></lb>putreſcant, vt ceraſa: quæ verò non matu<lb></lb>rantur, vnicum tamen habent fructum, fri<lb></lb>gida ſunt & ſicca, vt ſorba, ac meſpila: quæ <lb></lb>verò multiplicem edunt fructum, vt ficus, <lb></lb>vitis, ſycomorus, omnia difficulter ad ma<lb></lb>turitatem perducunt extremos fructus, ſunt<lb></lb>que humida valde, & humido quidem pin<lb></lb>gui, & multum nutriunt, & ſerò conco<lb></lb>quuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006961">Quidam verò fructus poſtquàm decerpti <arrow.to.target n="marg1016"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>defuerint ſeruantur & areſcunt, vt iuglan<lb></lb>des, auellanæque alij ſeruantur, nec areſ<lb></lb>cunt, vt punica: quidam non ſeruantur, vt <lb></lb>ceraſa. </s> <s id="s.006962">Reuireſcunt, qui ſeruantur aridi, vt <lb></lb>quaſi nuper decerpti è planta, ſi perforato <lb></lb>cortice in ſacculo per octo dies in puteum <lb></lb>demittantur, aut quindecim diebus ſub hu<lb></lb>mida terra ſepeliantur. </s> <s id="s.006963">Cato verò & hos, & <lb></lb>vuas nondum maturas vaſis vitreis ſub terra <lb></lb>reconditis ſeruari docuit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006964"><margin.target id="marg1016"></margin.target>Fructus du<lb></lb>ri corticis <lb></lb>quomodo re<lb></lb>uireſcant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006965">Multa ſunt quæ ad hæc pertinent, non <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1017"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tamen ſunt ex his de quibus, vt ſermo ſit <lb></lb>completus, nunc dicendum erit. </s> <s id="s.006966">Huiuſcemo<lb></lb>di ſunt, quomodo transferantur plantæ è <lb></lb>regione in regionem, vt ex India in Ita<lb></lb>liam: aliæ quidem ſemine tranſlatæque aliæ <lb></lb>in vaſis integræ, ac terra obſitæ, aliarum <lb></lb>ſurculi in melle ſepulti: quandoquidem mel<lb></lb>lis humidum, tenue eſt, dulce ac tempera<lb></lb>tum, non pingue, non putredini obnoxium <lb></lb>hoc autem alendis teneris germinibus com<lb></lb>modiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.006967">Quamobrem & iuglandes to<lb></lb>to anno virides in eo ſeruantur, fructus <lb></lb>verò & caro non paucis diebus abſque pu<lb></lb>tredine. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006968"><margin.target id="marg1017"></margin.target>Plantæ quo<lb></lb>modo tranſ<lb></lb>ferantur in <lb></lb>longinquas <lb></lb>regiones.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006969">Sed ſucci poſtquàm efferbuerint <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>ſic enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1018"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humidum aqueum, quod eſt putredinis prin<lb></lb>cipium, reſoluitur ) ſuperiniecto oleo ſer<lb></lb>uantur. </s> <s id="s.006970">Fumi terræ ſuccus tamen, vel ſic <lb></lb>ex amaro in acerbum tranſit & acidum, <lb></lb>quoniam pars terrea, quæ cauſa eſt amari<lb></lb>tudinis, deſcendens ſuccum inſipidum relin<lb></lb>quit: hic cùm ab aere vitiatur, tranſit in <lb></lb>acidum, vt omnia dulcia, & inſipida. </s> <s id="s.006971">Præ<lb></lb>ſtat igitur & diu coxiſſe, & loco frigidiſſi<lb></lb>mo condidiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006972"><margin.target id="marg1018"></margin.target>Succi quo<lb></lb>modo ſer<lb></lb>uantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006973">Putredo etiam (vt dixi) omnis, calida eſt: ob <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1019"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>id tubera naſcentia, niues in directo ſuper<lb></lb>ſtantes colliquant: calor enim putridus dum <lb></lb>terreum humidum ſecernit, radices gignit <lb></lb>ſine germine, quæ tubera vocantur: contra<lb></lb>ria ratione cùm frigidam, & humidam, te<lb></lb>nuemque materiam concoquit, germina ſi<lb></lb>ne radicibus emittit, quę fungos appellamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006974">Ideóque fungi humidiores, tubera ſecuriora. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006975"><margin.target id="marg1019"></margin.target>Tubera vbi <lb></lb>ſunt, niues <lb></lb>diſcutiunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006976">Generaliter autem conſeruamus, ne pu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1020"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>treſcant, vel ſiccatis, vel refrigeratis, vel hu<lb></lb>mido pingui obratis. </s> <s id="s.006977">Quod enim putreſ<lb></lb>cit, vt humidum habeat, aqueum neceſſe <pb pagenum="506" xlink:href="016/01/155.jpg"></pb>eſt, & vt à calore putreſcat. </s> <s id="s.006978">Sicca igitur aut <lb></lb>omninò frigida, aut pinguiſſima putreſcere <lb></lb>non poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.006979">Siccantur autem trifariàm om<lb></lb>nia vel, calore viuaci, hic autem triplex, <lb></lb>ignis, fumus, & Sol: vel abrodente humi<lb></lb>dum, vt vento, vel ſale: vel ſenſim ſiccan<lb></lb>te, vt aloë, atque myrrha. </s> <s id="s.006980">Refrigeratis au<lb></lb>tem putredo non contingit, ob id gelu mul<lb></lb>ta non putreſcunt. </s> <s id="s.006981">Et piſces apud Sarmatas <lb></lb>ſeruantur recentes, in quinque menſes. </s> <s id="s.006982">Et <lb></lb>anguillæ vento ſiccatæ, ſi crudæ edantur, <lb></lb>ſuaues ſunt. </s> <s id="s.006983">Sed & corpora mortuorum ar<lb></lb>gento viuo obruta ſeruantur: ſic tamen, vt <lb></lb>& intùs penetret metallicum. </s> <s id="s.006984">Seruantur au<lb></lb>tem humido pingui quæcunque parum pu<lb></lb>tredini obnoxia ſunt, vt farcimina, ſalitæ<lb></lb>que carnes oleo, & piſces aſſati, ſeu potius <lb></lb>frixi: quanquam hic modus etiam ad com<lb></lb>poſitos reduci mereatur. </s> <s id="s.006985">Quædam verò mi<lb></lb>ſta cauſa, vt quæ vel melle, quod pingue <lb></lb>ſit, & ſiccet, vt fructus plerique: vel aceto <lb></lb>quod ſiccet ſimul atque refrigeret. </s> <s id="s.006986">Quam<lb></lb>uis igitur putredo ad incendium via ſit, non <lb></lb>tamen quæ putreſcunt, quia humidum ad<lb></lb>huc habent aqueum, verum quæ ex putre<lb></lb>dine relinquuntur, ardent. </s> <s id="s.006987">Sed fungi: vt tu<lb></lb>bera non ardent, quia putredo pingui, & <lb></lb>aqueo miſta genita, non à putredine reli<lb></lb>cta ſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1021"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006988"><margin.target id="marg1020"></margin.target>Modi præ<lb></lb>ſeruandi à <lb></lb>putredine.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006989"><margin.target id="marg1021"></margin.target>Lauri, & iu<lb></lb>niperifolia <lb></lb>igne conce<lb></lb>pto cur cre<lb></lb>pitent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006990">At lauri folia, quæ à quadam putredine <lb></lb>relinquuntur, & ſicca ſunt, celerrimè ar<lb></lb>dent: iuniperi quoque, ſed ob vehementem <lb></lb>ſiccitatem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006991">Sed quia concipiunt ignem celeriter an<lb></lb>tequam aqueum humidum vel eiiciatur, vel <lb></lb>ſiccetur, crepitum neceſſariò emittunt. </s> <s id="s.006992">Ob <lb></lb>id igitur lauri folia, & iuniperi, dum ardent, <lb></lb>valde crepitant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006993">Sed ſunt qui ardentibus lauri foliis diui<lb></lb>nationem ineſſe putant, ſeu quòd arbos ipſa <lb></lb>ſacra ſit Apollini, ſeu quòd hæc flamma in <lb></lb>varias formas diducatur: ſiue quòd natura <lb></lb>aliquid contineat, mentem mouens. <arrow.to.target n="marg1022"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006994"><margin.target id="marg1022"></margin.target>De iuniperi <lb></lb>ligno.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006995">Fuerunt qui exiſtimauerint truncum li<lb></lb>gni iuniperi accenſum, & proprio cinere <lb></lb>contectum, ignem annuum ſeruare. </s> <s id="s.006996">Tamdiu, <lb></lb>certè mirum: at diu, nihil mirum, ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia enim denſa & pingui admodum eſt, & <lb></lb>ad opera incorruptibili, niſi quod noſtris in <lb></lb>regionibus haud multum creſcit: & vbi creſ<lb></lb>cit, cedrus dicitur. <arrow.to.target n="marg1023"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.006997"><margin.target id="marg1023"></margin.target>Cedrus iuni<lb></lb>peri ſpecies. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.006998">Vernix.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.006999">Sola enim fructus rubedine cedrus à iuni<lb></lb>pero differt ac magnitudine. </s> <s id="s.007000">Iuniperi lachry<lb></lb>ma vernix vocatur: ne diffluat atramentum <lb></lb>ſuper chartam commodè ſpargitur: quia <lb></lb>enim ſicca, & tenuis, combibit liquorem ac <lb></lb>ſiſtit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007001">Pumex quamuis ſiccus, non combibit: <lb></lb>quia craſſum, & ſine calore. </s> <s id="s.007002">Quinimò ſi ſolo <lb></lb>pollicis vngue, chartam comprimas iam de<lb></lb>raſam, minus ſpargetur atramentum, quàm <lb></lb>ſi pollinem pumicis addas. </s> <s id="s.007003">Ob id igitur è <lb></lb>ſicca vernice, & lini oleo, fit liquida vernix <lb></lb>ad omnes cœli impetus coërcendos aptiſſi<lb></lb>ma: vnde picturis addi ſolet. </s> <s id="s.007004">Olim loco eius <lb></lb>cera tenuiſſima, vel oui albo, ac ſandice <lb></lb>factitio, vel creta, cum nitro vtebantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007005">Cera aduerſus Solis calores, ventoſque <lb></lb>ac ſalſi imbris, tum vaporum iniuriam, pi<lb></lb>cturæ defendebantur. </s> <s id="s.007006">Oui albo, & ſandice, <lb></lb>etiam calor purpureus præter tutelam adde<lb></lb>batur. </s> <s id="s.007007">Sed creta, ac nitro, ſplendor iucundiſ<lb></lb>ſimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007008">Apelles verò atramento tenuiſſimo ( ſic <lb></lb>enim ab vſu, non à calore, vocabatur li<lb></lb>quor ille) præter id, quod picturas à pulue<lb></lb>re ac ſordibus, iniuriiſque cæteris tueretur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007009">claritatem magnam addebat eis, etiam re<lb></lb>percuſſo lumine. </s> <s id="s.007010">Quæ omnia, vernix noſtra <lb></lb>ætate, commoda etiam præſtat. </s> <s id="s.007011">Probatur <lb></lb>autem pura, quæ colores non vitiet, perſpi<lb></lb>cua, tenuiſſima, ſplendida, adeò vt colores <lb></lb>illuminet, non obtundat. </s> <s id="s.007012">lumen verò ipſum <lb></lb>repercutiat: & ſolida ac firma, ſicut aquę vdo, <lb></lb>ſalſugini, ventis, pulueri, Solíque incorru<lb></lb>pta maneat, & æterna. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007013">Sed vt ad plantarum hiſtoriam redeam, <lb></lb>quæri ſolet, cur quibuſdam folia criſpa, aliis <lb></lb>etiam capitata, vt caulibus? </s> <s id="s.007014">Cauſa eſt, hu<lb></lb>midum terreum abundans. </s> <s id="s.007015">Nerui enim <lb></lb>quia terrei, ſeriùs creſcunt: at folij ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, humidior: quum quod ineſt, ob <lb></lb>denſitatem non facilè reſoluatur, ſinuatur, <lb></lb>neceſſarioque criſpatur. </s> <s id="s.007016">Quæ igitur criſpa <lb></lb>habent folia, talia ſunt: vt lactuca, inula, <lb></lb>lapathum. </s> <s id="s.007017">Quæ autem extenſa, vel tenui vel <lb></lb>pauco humido prædita ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007018">Capitata verò <lb></lb>criſpa valdè, vel lenta magis, propterea non <lb></lb>ſeparantur, ſed in eodem, & iuxta idem ex<lb></lb>tenſa coëunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007019">Abſoluiſſe iam plantarum hiſtoriam ſcio <arrow.to.target n="marg1024"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed quoniam attamenti rubri atque puni<lb></lb>nci compoſitionem docui, cæterorum etiam <lb></lb>adiiciam. </s> <s id="s.007020">Cœruleum, à cœrulea terra, vel <lb></lb>lapide Cyaneo, tum aureum è purpurina, <lb></lb>vel auro: reliquique omnes è metallicis co<lb></lb>lores, vtriuſque ad vnguem modis, quibus <lb></lb>rubrum è cinnabari ſuprà miſceri docuimus, <lb></lb>perficiuntur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007021"><margin.target id="marg1024"></margin.target>Atramenti <lb></lb>ſcriptorij <lb></lb>aurei, & cœ<lb></lb>rulei ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007022">At nigrum quod commune eſt, ſic fit: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1025"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Gallæ confractæ recentis libram vnam: la<lb></lb>chrymæ Arabicæ, baccarum liguſtri ma<lb></lb>turarum, ſingulorum libræ dimidium: octo <lb></lb>diebus in ſex libris aquæ macerentur: pòſt <lb></lb>coquantur, donec aquæ pars tertia dece<lb></lb>dat: feruenti, amotóque ab igne addantur <lb></lb>calchanti tenuiſſimè triti libram vnam, <lb></lb>miſceanturque omnia, donec frigeſcat: & <lb></lb>poſt dies decem, linteo denſiore coletur ac <lb></lb>ſeruetur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007023"><margin.target id="marg1025"></margin.target><expan abbr="Atramentũ">Atramentum</expan> <lb></lb>nigrum ſcri<lb></lb>ptorium con<lb></lb>ficiendi ra<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007024">Antiquo tempore pro ſcribendis libris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1026"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fuligo balneorum & fornacum in vſu erat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007025">Et nunc typhographi fuligine olei lini cum <lb></lb>ipſo oleo vtuntur. </s> <s id="s.007026">Scio qui fecerit optimum <lb></lb>quod tamen poſt ſex menſes ex toto euaneſ<lb></lb>cere è chartis magna fraude. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007027"><margin.target id="marg1026"></margin.target>Literæ quæ <lb></lb>ſponte eua<lb></lb>neſcunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007028">Quærenda igitur ratio huius. </s> <s id="s.007029">Scimus quo<lb></lb>niam terrea manent, humida non manent: <lb></lb>& quæ tenuia ſunt, euaneſcunt celerri<lb></lb>mè<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vnde aqua ardens ſtatim diffugit. </s> <s id="s.007030">Cal<lb></lb>chantem igitur in ſpiritum redactum, & hu<lb></lb>midæ, tenacique materiæ miſtum, hoc effi<lb></lb>cere poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007031">Vnde quæ pro magno miraculo referun<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1027"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur de Apollonio Tyanæo, quòd bis accuſa<lb></lb>tus chartam ſynceram ac puram accuſator <lb></lb>inuenerit, ſeu Imperator, ſeu Tigillinus: ſi <lb></lb>modò vera ſunt hæc inter tot Philoſtrati <pb pagenum="507" xlink:href="016/01/156.jpg"></pb>impudentia mendacia & meras fabulas, mi<lb></lb>raculo omni carere potuit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007032"><margin.target id="marg1027"></margin.target>Literas quæ <lb></lb>deleant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007033">Sed literæ, quæ arte hac carent, multis <lb></lb>modis delentur: aut tenuiſſimo gladio cha<lb></lb>lybeo, aut puluere noſtri aluminis, quem ſæ<lb></lb>pè vtilem expertus ſum, aut aqua deſtilla<lb></lb>tionis calchanti, & halinitri, lachrymæ quæ <lb></lb>larignæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007034">Delentur & aqua ſecunda, quæ inferiùs <lb></lb>deſcribentur ad tollendos pilos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007035">Verùm, plus eſt ſcientiæ in vſus modo, <lb></lb>quàm in inuentione. </s> <s id="s.007036">Siquidem, ſi pulue<lb></lb>re delendæ ſunt, affricandus eſt digitis mol<lb></lb>liter. </s> <s id="s.007037">Si ferro, celerrimè, & leuiſſimè tra<lb></lb>ctandus gladius. </s> <s id="s.007038">Si aqua, caue, ne dum <lb></lb>literas ſtudes abradere, chartam laceres. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007039">Et ad ſummum, ne tam accuratum nego<lb></lb>tium ruditer tractes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007040">Dictum hucuſque de Elementis, Cœlo, <lb></lb>Luce, Miſtione, Metallis, Lapidibus, & <lb></lb>Plantis: tranſeamus iam ad Animalium hi<lb></lb>ſtoriam, & primò ad inſecta. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.156.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/156/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007041"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER NONVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007042"><emph type="center"></emph>De animalibus, quæ ex putredine <lb></lb>generantur.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1028"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007043"><margin.target id="marg1028"></margin.target>De <expan abbr="inſectorũ">inſectorum</expan> <lb></lb>differentia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007044">ANIMALIVM genera prima <lb></lb>duo ſunt, alterum, quod præ<lb></lb>ciſa parte vitam in ea retinet, <lb></lb>inſectumque dicitur: atque id <lb></lb>ad imperfectionem attinet, <lb></lb>quòd plantis idem contingat. </s> <s id="s.007045">Alia ſunt ani<lb></lb>malia perfecta, quibus id minimè conuenit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007046">Verùm altius communis animalium hiſto<lb></lb>ria petenda eſt: ac primò quærendum, cur <lb></lb>animalia non in rectum adeò creſcant, vt <lb></lb>plantæ, ſed potiùs in latum atque profun<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.007047">Deinde cur natura animalium quæ<lb></lb>dam ex ſemine genuit, alia verò abſque ſe<lb></lb>mine? </s> <s id="s.007048">Demùm, cur quædam animalia aliis <lb></lb>veſcuntur, quædam verò plantis ſolis? </s> <s id="s.007049">Ne<lb></lb>que idem eſſe credendum eſt, animalia è <lb></lb>putri materia generari, aut imperfecta eſſe, <lb></lb>aut inſecta. </s> <s id="s.007050">Nam lacertæ, & ſerpentes in<lb></lb>ter inſecta: numerantur, & tamen non ex <lb></lb>putri materia generantur, ſed ex ouis. </s> <s id="s.007051">Atque <lb></lb>viperæ etiam prodeunt ex vtero, quamuis ex <lb></lb>ouis neſcantur: ſed animal tamen, non ouum <lb></lb>naſcitur, quia in vtero ex ouo abſoluitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007052">Mures etiam, qui ex materia putrida gene<lb></lb>rantur, inter inſecta non ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007053">Serpentum <lb></lb>etiam multi omnes ſenſus habent, cùm ta<lb></lb>men ex putri materia ortum habuerint. </s> <s id="s.007054">Ita<lb></lb>que ex putredine perfectum animal oriri <lb></lb>haud eſt inconueniens ſicut verſa vice talpa <lb></lb>imperfecta oritur ex animali ſui generis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007055">Cùm igitur hîc deſerpentibus ſermo habea<lb></lb>tur, tum de inſectis, non eſt tractatio hæc <lb></lb>pura ac generalis, ſed quoniam inſectorum <lb></lb>maxima pars eo modo naſcitur abſque ouo, <lb></lb>& abſque vtero, ne dicam parente, ſimiliter <lb></lb>ſerpentum plurimi eodem modo, ideò de <arrow.to.target n="marg1029"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnibus his tractandum hîc cenſui. </s> <s id="s.007056">Porrò <lb></lb>vt ad inſtitutum ſermonem reuertar, cauſa <lb></lb>cur plantæ directè plerumque ſursùm creſ<lb></lb>cant, animalia verò non, ſed in latum potiùs <lb></lb>atque profundum, eſt, quoniam humor ani<lb></lb>malium eſt pinguior, ideò vndequaque ma<lb></lb>gis extenditur: plantarum verò calor eſt in <lb></lb>radice, ideò impellit, quà erumpere magis <lb></lb>poteſt: cùm igitur eruperit non tam facilè à <lb></lb>priore motus forma recedere poteſt: vnde fit <lb></lb>vt in molli terra plantæ magis craſſæ, & mi<lb></lb>nùs altæ euadant, & in ſolida tamen iuxta <lb></lb>aquas contrario modo: humor enim ille mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1030"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nùs pinguis eſt. </s> <s id="s.007057">Cur verò animalia quædam <lb></lb>ſolis plantis veſcantur, alia verò ipſis ani<lb></lb>malibus, demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.007058">Animalia fuiſſe <lb></lb>ſola, quæ aliorum carnibus veſcerentur, poſ<lb></lb>ſibile non fuit: nam altero alterum <expan abbr="comedẽ-te">comeden<lb></lb>te</expan>, nec alio cibo ſuppetente, cum ſemper ali<lb></lb>quid loco excrementi ſuperabundet, quanti<lb></lb>tate primùm moles tota animalium & nu<lb></lb>mero minueret, demum etiam imò breui de<lb></lb>ficeret. </s> <s id="s.007059">Quòd ſi plantis omnia animalia veſ<lb></lb>cerentur, non adepta fuiſſet natura perfe<lb></lb>ctionem quoniam ſanguis ille, & caro non <lb></lb>ex elementis confractis, & optimè tempera<lb></lb>tis conſiſteret. </s> <s id="s.007060">Ob id nullum animal, quod <lb></lb>carne non veſcatur, ſagax eſt, & prudens, ex<lb></lb>cepto elephante. </s> <s id="s.007061">Non ergo aues ſagaces, <lb></lb>non piſces, non animalia pedibus ſolis præ<lb></lb>dita, ſolicita, ſagacia & moribus humanio<lb></lb>ribus facere poterat. </s> <s id="s.007062">Nam quæ carnibus <lb></lb>vtuntur, ſenſu proximioria homini ſunt <lb></lb>quàm quæ plantis, vt canes, vulpes, cercopi<lb></lb>theci, feles, leones, delphini, vrſi, aquilæ. </s> <s id="s.007063">Tria <lb></lb>igitur animalium genera ſunt ciborum va<lb></lb>rietate diſtincta: quædam enim ſolis plantis <lb></lb>veſcuntur, vt equi, aſini, boues, oues, capræ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007064">Quædam ſolis animalibus, vt leones, delphi<lb></lb>ni, pantheræ. </s> <s id="s.007065">Quædam vtroque genere, vt <lb></lb>homines, cercopitheci, gallinæ, ſues. </s> <s id="s.007066">Quæ <lb></lb>animalibus veſcuntur, ſi animalia excipias, <lb></lb>quæ illis loco cibi ſunt, cum reliquis ciuilia <lb></lb>ſunt, velut coruo cum vulpe, pifici cum mil<lb></lb>uis, vulpi cum ſerpente, crocodilo cum regu<lb></lb>lo, aut lupo piſci cum mugili. </s> <s id="s.007067">Sed quæ plan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1031"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tis veſcebantur, dentibuſque obtuſioribus <lb></lb>indigebant: alia vngulis armauit, vt equos, <lb></lb>aſinos, & camelos, alia cornibus, vt <lb></lb>boues, & capras. </s> <s id="s.007068">Et quoniam paruis <lb></lb>animalibus vngularum, & cornuum præ<lb></lb>ſidium fugam retardaſſet, & ob virium <lb></lb>imbecillitatem parum attuliſſet auxilij, ob <lb></lb>id vtrumque illis negauit, vt leporibus, cu-<pb pagenum="508" xlink:href="016/01/157.jpg"></pb>niculiſque Fera autem omnia, & quæ car<lb></lb>veſcuntur, dentibus, & præacutis armauit, <lb></lb>præter aues: in his verò roſtrum fecit adun<lb></lb>cum. </s> <s id="s.007069">Sed vniuerſis fermè quibus aut den<lb></lb>tes non dedit, vt auibus: aut minùs firmos, <lb></lb>vt felibus, ac his, quæ ſimilia illis ſunt, vn<lb></lb>gubus curuos & robuſtos largita eſt. </s> <s id="s.007070">Carni<lb></lb>uora igitur dentibus, & vnguibus mitia cor<lb></lb>nibus, aut vngulis, ſi magna erant parua <lb></lb>celeritate ſola muniuit. </s> <s id="s.007071">Reliquum eſt igitur <lb></lb>his intellectis, vt doceamus, cur quædam <lb></lb>animalia è putredine generentur, alia per <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1032"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>propagationem. </s> <s id="s.007072">Cauſa igitur huius diffe<lb></lb>rentiæ eſt, quia natura generationem pau<lb></lb>ciſſimis indigere voluit: ob id principaliter <lb></lb>generationem ex putrida materia in omni<lb></lb>bus animalibus quæſiſſet: ſed quoniam per<lb></lb>fecta, vt abſoluerentur, longo tempore in<lb></lb>digebant, non potuiſſet materia tamdiu <lb></lb>abſque motu conſeruari, maximè ob tem<lb></lb>porum viciſſitudines abſque conceptaculo: <lb></lb>itaque neceſſarius fuit vterus, vel oui cor<lb></lb>tex, in quo ſeruaretur fœtus, donec perfi<lb></lb>ceretur: atque ideò etiam generatio ex ſe<lb></lb>mine. </s> <s id="s.007073">Itaque manifeſtum eſt, ſolam gene<lb></lb>rationem ex putredine intentam eſſe à na<lb></lb>tura, eamque exiguo tempore abſolui: reli<lb></lb>quam coactam eſſe, nec primò à natura in<lb></lb>tentam, atque tardiorem. </s> <s id="s.007074">In quibus igitur <lb></lb>liberum fuit generare abſque auxilio vllo <lb></lb>nihil exegit, vt in fructuum vermibus: in <lb></lb>aliis vtitur colluuie abſque certa materia, vt <lb></lb>in muſcis. </s> <s id="s.007075">Perfectiora his generantur cer<lb></lb>ta materia, quam animal ipſum coinqui<lb></lb>nat, vt apes ex melle, quod proluunt ſorte <lb></lb>ſua: & crabones ſimiliter agreſti melle, <lb></lb>Alia indigent ouo. </s> <s id="s.007076">Perfectiſſima autem <lb></lb>ſunt, quæ in vtero generantur. </s> <s id="s.007077">Atque his <lb></lb>quinque ordinibus natura ad ſummum per<lb></lb>fectionis acceſſit. </s> <s id="s.007078">An verò eorum, quæ ex <lb></lb>putri generantur materia, generatio perpe<lb></lb>tua ſit, & an vnquam deficiant, ad libros <lb></lb>de Arcanis æternitatis inquirere pertinet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007079">Libri enim dum leguntur, aut ſcribuntur, <lb></lb>mens ſunt: hæc autem æterna. </s> <s id="s.007080">Hoc igitur <lb></lb>differunt, generationes ex ſemine, & putri <lb></lb>materia, quia in ſemine eſt materia, quæ <lb></lb>calorem excipit ſemper ſimilem ei, ex quo <lb></lb>ſemen generatur: in aliis calor quidam eſt, <lb></lb>ſed materiam contingit hîc vel illic eſſe, vt <lb></lb>ſit generatio talium fortuita: ob id ergo <lb></lb>pleraque horum puſilla ſunt, & impercta: <lb></lb>puſilla quidem, quia parum materiæ adeſt <lb></lb>generationi aptæ cùm fortuitò collecta ſit, <lb></lb>imperfecta autem, quia paruam habet quie<lb></lb>tem talis generatio, & ob id breui perfici<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1033"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.007081">Quod verò breui perficitur, vt in ope<lb></lb>ribus etiam artis perfectum eſſe nequit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007082">Ob id nullum penitùs animal ex putredine <lb></lb>genitum, quamuis omnes habeat ſenſus, <lb></lb>poteſt illos habere perfectos, & abſolu<lb></lb>tos. </s> <s id="s.007083">Sed in omnibus exterioribus ſenſibus <lb></lb>deficiunt, & multò magis in interioribus, <lb></lb>imò etiam carent prudentia penitùs, & ſtu<lb></lb>pida ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007084">Apes verò prudentes: nam ex <lb></lb>certa materia generantur, nec ſine paren<lb></lb>te. </s> <s id="s.007085">Aut ſi ex vitulo generantur, non eſt <lb></lb>opus earum proprium, ſed naturæ: vt pi<lb></lb>ctura florum hyacinthi, quam nemo men<lb></lb>te ſanus prudentiæ, plantæ tribuet, ſed na<lb></lb>turæ. </s> <s id="s.007086">Formicæ autem prudentes videntur, <lb></lb>ſed ex ſemine, & ouis fiunt. </s> <s id="s.007087">Itaque ob eas <lb></lb>cauſas nullum animal è putri materia ge<lb></lb>nitum, diſciplinæ capax eſt, neque manſueſ<lb></lb>cit. </s> <s id="s.007088">Principium enim cognitionis non eſt <lb></lb>intus. </s> <s id="s.007089">Magnitudines verò alia ratio, incer<lb></lb>táque meta, & ſi pleraque ( vt dixi ) parua <lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="s.007090">Etenim ea animalium genere debetur, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1034"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non generationi. </s> <s id="s.007091">Sed generare animalia talia <lb></lb>negat Philoſophus, & rectè: verùm non quia <lb></lb>animal alterius generis naſcatur, materiæ <lb></lb>ratione. </s> <s id="s.007092">Sed huius cauſam propriam do<lb></lb>cebo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007093"><margin.target id="marg1029"></margin.target>Plantæ cur <lb></lb>in longum <lb></lb>creſcant ma<lb></lb>gis anima <lb></lb>vndequa<lb></lb>que.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007094"><margin.target id="marg1030"></margin.target>Animalium <lb></lb>cur diuerſus <lb></lb>cibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007095"><margin.target id="marg1031"></margin.target>Animalium <lb></lb>arma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007096"><margin.target id="marg1032"></margin.target>Animalia <lb></lb>ex putrida <lb></lb>materia cur <lb></lb>facta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007097"><margin.target id="marg1033"></margin.target>Animalia è <lb></lb>putredine <lb></lb>genita ſem<lb></lb>per ſunt de<lb></lb>bilibus ſen<lb></lb>ſibus & ple<lb></lb>rumque par<lb></lb>ua.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007098"><margin.target id="marg1034"></margin.target>Vermis auel<lb></lb>lanæ nucis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007099">Virtus generandi robuſtis, & perfectis <lb></lb>animalibus debetur. </s> <s id="s.007100">Indicio eſt, quòd mu<lb></lb>tila, & læſa, & valdè parua non generant, <lb></lb>aut rarò, nec ſibi ſimilia. </s> <s id="s.007101">Ex imperfectis, <lb></lb>quæ ſenio aut morbo debilitata ſunt, aut ad<lb></lb>huc non adoleuerint, generare non poſſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1035"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Igitur animalia è putrida materia genita, <lb></lb>quum plerumque ſunt imbecillia, non gene<lb></lb>rant, aut ſi generant, debilius parente ge<lb></lb>nerant, vt pediculi, lendes, & mures alios <lb></lb>mures, in quibus ceſſat vis generandi quo<lb></lb>niam imbecilliora ſunt parentibus, in qui<lb></lb>bus vis generandi adeò debilis erat, vt non <lb></lb>poſſent ſibi ſimile generare. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007102"><margin.target id="marg1035"></margin.target>Animalia è <lb></lb>putredine <lb></lb>genita an <lb></lb>generent & <lb></lb>on eiuſdem <lb></lb>ſpecisi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007103">Relinquitur igitur, vt animalia è putre<lb></lb>dine genita, vt plurimùm non generent <lb></lb>penitùs: quædam verò generant, at imbe<lb></lb>cilliùs, nec ſibi ſimile: pauca verò calore <lb></lb>regionis, vt in Ægypto, vel bona fortuna, <lb></lb>robuſta in ſpeciem continuam tranſeunt, <lb></lb>propaganturque vt reliqua animalia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007104">Quæ igitur non generant, non ideò ſunt <lb></lb>ſterilia, quia è putri materia ſint genita: <lb></lb>ſed quia ex illa genita, à perfectione pro<lb></lb>priæ ſpeciei deficiunt: plerumque & ob id <lb></lb>monſtra ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007105">Ob id quæſtio illa ceſſat, an <lb></lb>mures è putrida materia geniti, alterius ſint <lb></lb>ſpeciei, ab his, qui ſucceſſione ſunt gene<lb></lb>rati: certè non, forma enim eadem, & ope<lb></lb>rationes, ſed ſolùm differunt, vt mon<lb></lb>ſtrum ab animali ſuæ ſpeciei integro. </s> <s id="s.007106">Ne<lb></lb>que enim dicet quiſpiam hominem vnocu<lb></lb>lum, aut ſedigitum, aut ex cuius vtero in<lb></lb>fantis poſtrema pars promineret, eſſe al<lb></lb>terius ſpeciei animal ab homine, ſed ho<lb></lb>minem monſtroſum. </s> <s id="s.007107">Ita murem illum è pu<lb></lb>tri materia genitum, murem dicemus de<lb></lb>bilem atque monſtroſum. </s> <s id="s.007108">Ita lendes ſunt <lb></lb>monſtra pediculorum, & quæcunque talia <lb></lb>monſtra enim non conſtituunt ſpeciem. </s> <s id="s.007109">De<lb></lb>mirorque ſatis de Ariſtotele, quòd cùm in <lb></lb>omnibus tantùm formæ tribuat, tam parùm <lb></lb>verò materiæ, hæc in cauſa formæ mate<lb></lb>riam prætulerit, cum manifeſtum ſit in hac <lb></lb>animalium differentia nihil ad plenam for<lb></lb>mam atque figuram, tum mores deficere, <lb></lb>præter quàm vim generandi, quæ etiam de<lb></lb>ficit in caſtratis animalibus, debilibus, ſen<lb></lb>ſibus, nimiumque iuuenculis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007110">Sed ſi modò fuit Ariſtotelis error, & non <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1036"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aliquid in eius contextu deficiat, vt ſit potiùs <lb></lb><expan abbr="argumentũ">argumentum</expan> aliorum, certè hunc <expan abbr="errorẽ">errorem</expan> <expan abbr="emẽ-dauit">emen<lb></lb>dauit</expan> Theophraſtus, vir ſanè qui à Galeno <lb></lb>iudicio præfertur Ariſtoteli, & meritò, ſi <expan abbr="ſo-lũ">ſo<lb></lb>lum</expan> ad ſcripta, quæ habemus, reſpicimus. </s> <s id="s.007111">Nam <pb pagenum="509" xlink:href="016/01/158.jpg"></pb>de litera Ariſtotelis, quòd multis in locis <lb></lb>corrupta ſit, non obſcuræ ſunt coniecturæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007112">Itaque anima calore cœleſti determinatur, <lb></lb>& numerum ſuum ſpecies omnes habent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007113">Nec ex materia ſpecies mutatur, medò for<lb></lb>mam ſuſcipere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.007114">Varietates autem ex <lb></lb>materia, vt etiam in his, quæ à parentibus <lb></lb>generantur, ad monſtra referendæ ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007115">Quòd ſi ad ſpecies referas, fient prorſus ſpe<lb></lb>cies infinitæ. </s> <s id="s.007116">Eſt etiam aliud argumentum, <lb></lb>cùm videamus muſcas in Italia, in Germa<lb></lb>nia, Indiâque, & Æthiopia, tum aliis regio<lb></lb>nibus tam procul inter ſe diſtantibus, & ex <lb></lb>tam diuerſa materia genitis, forma, & mo<lb></lb>ribus ſimiles eſſe. </s> <s id="s.007117">Quòd ſi hæc vis in cœlo <lb></lb>non eſſet materiaque diuerſa, ſpecies diuer<lb></lb>ſæ generarentur, propemodum tot eſſent <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1037"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſpecies muſcarum, quot muſcæ. </s> <s id="s.007118">Quòd verò <lb></lb>genita è putri materia in perpetuum pro<lb></lb>pagari poſſint, aliàs demonſtratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007119">Quæ <lb></lb>igitur diuerſæ ſint ſpeciei, & quæ ſolùm <lb></lb>deficiant, & monſtra mereantur appellari, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1038"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iam dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007120">Reliquum eſt, vt oſtenda<lb></lb>mus, nullum animal ex putredine genitum <lb></lb>manſueſcere: ſed omnia talia admodum <lb></lb>agreſtia eſſe. </s> <s id="s.007121">Quod primò contingit, quia <lb></lb>(vt dictum eſt) ſenſus habent interiores de<lb></lb>biles: quæ autem manſueſcunt, imaginatri<lb></lb>cem vim & memoriam conſpicuam habere <lb></lb>debent: tum quia exanguia, ideóque timi<lb></lb>da: timor autem, vt inferiùs docebimus, <lb></lb>impedit, ne cicura fiant. </s> <s id="s.007122">Sunt etiam ple<lb></lb>runque breuis vitæ: tempore autem indigent <lb></lb>quæcunque manſueſcere debent. </s> <s id="s.007123">Demùm <lb></lb>nullum eſt contractus huius manſuetudinis <lb></lb>imò neque conſuetudinis veſtigium à paren<lb></lb>tibus, quod plurimùm facit ad propoſitum <lb></lb>animalium, quæ cicurare volumus: hoc au<lb></lb>tem infrà docebimus. </s> <s id="s.007124">Etſi aliquid in rem <lb></lb>facit, talia omnia cùm fœda ſint aſpectu, <lb></lb>& horribilia, nemo illorum conſuetudi<lb></lb>nem deſiderabit, etiamſi intentum aſſequi <lb></lb>poſſe ſperet. </s> <s id="s.007125">Sed quædam horum planè no<lb></lb>bis vtilia ſunt, vt apes: quas tractare ob <lb></lb>commodum cogimur. </s> <s id="s.007126">Sunt autem potiùs <lb></lb>inſecta, quàm è putri materia genita. </s> <s id="s.007127">Inſe<lb></lb>ctorum enim alia volant, vt muſcæ, & apes: <lb></lb>alia in terra degunt vt vermes, & lacertæ: <lb></lb>alia ambigui generis, vt formicæ: alia vi<lb></lb>uunt in aquis, vt ſcolopendræ: aliæ volant <lb></lb>& in aquis tamen viuunt, vt muſcæ fluuia<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1039"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tiles: alia in aquis, & terra, vt crocodili. </s> <s id="s.007128">No<lb></lb>biliſſima ſunt omnium tria genera: ſerpen<lb></lb>tes ob magnitudinem, apes, & bombyces <lb></lb>ob opus. </s> <s id="s.007129">Serpentes in immenſam magnitu<lb></lb>dinem creſcere teſtatur euentus, cùm M. </s> <s id="s.007130">At<lb></lb>tilius Regulus ad Bagradam fluuium, tor<lb></lb>mentis atque baliſtis in Africa vnum lon<lb></lb>gitudinis pedum 120. occiderit. </s> <s id="s.007131">Et in ven<lb></lb>tre Boæ temporibus Claudij Cæſaris inte<lb></lb>ger inuentus infans, Boa interfecta. </s> <s id="s.007132">Alitur <lb></lb>hoc genus lacte, ſugitque vaccas lactantes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007133">Dracones etiam eſſe referunt, qui elephan<lb></lb>tem totum exugant, & interimant. </s> <s id="s.007134">Sunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1040"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& in Calecuto Indiæ orientalis animalia <lb></lb>ſerpentibus ſimilia, ſcilicet ore, oculis, <lb></lb>cauda prælonga, abſque pilis, aprorum <lb></lb>magnitudine, aliquando etiam vaſtiore ca<lb></lb>pite, ſed pedes habent quatuor venen ó<lb></lb>que carent. </s> <s id="s.007135">Alia his ſimilia edunt in Hiſ<lb></lb>paniola inſula occidentalis Indiæ, vocata <lb></lb>Hyuana, dorſo ſpinoſa, aphona ſeu abſque <lb></lb>voce, quatuor pedibus, lacertarum cauda, <lb></lb>dentibus acutiſſimis, cuniculis maiora, ceu <lb></lb>leporum magnitudine, in arboribus, terra, <lb></lb>& aquis abſque diſcrimine degentia, famis <lb></lb>ad multos dies patientia, pelle coloribus va<lb></lb>riis diſtincta ac leui, vt ſerpentibus cæte<lb></lb>ris, venter ſupremus qualis auibus eſt, ſed <lb></lb>ampliſſimus à mento ad pectus. </s> <s id="s.007136">Sunt & <lb></lb>quos vocant Bardatos à phaleratorum equo<lb></lb>rum ſimilitudine, teſtudinei generis, iu<lb></lb>cundi guſtu, magnitudine cuniculi, colore <lb></lb>albo, & cinereo diſtincto: in terræ foueis, <lb></lb>quas pedibus excauant, habitare ſolent, & <lb></lb>ipſi quatuor pedibus, anguina pelle, & cau<lb></lb>da: fert hos India occidentalis, iuxta ean<lb></lb>dem inſulam. </s> <s id="s.007137">In aurea Caſtiglia frequentes <lb></lb>ſunt viperæ, quæ longitudine 20. pedes <lb></lb>æquent, quibus caput non minus eſt, quàm <lb></lb>hœdo. </s> <s id="s.007138">In regno etiam Senegæ, miræ ma<lb></lb>gnitudinis ſerpentes abſque pedibus, & aliis <lb></lb>inueniuntur, quales Boas eſſe diximus. </s> <s id="s.007139">Ma<lb></lb>iores mittit Taprobana. </s> <s id="s.007140">Olim Epidaurij <lb></lb>maximos ſerpentes nutriebant, & cicura<lb></lb>bant, vnde nata etiam fabula Alexandri <lb></lb>apud Lucianum. </s> <s id="s.007141">Et Romani in ſuperſtitio<lb></lb>nem conuerſi, cùm in Æſculapij ſtatua la<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1041"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.007142">Latêre autem hoc genus ſerpentum <lb></lb>ſolet, & diu poteſt, quoniam exiguo con<lb></lb>tentum eſt cibo, propter viſcerum anguſtiam <lb></lb>& paucitatem caloris natiui, temperaturæ<lb></lb>que ſiccitatem. </s> <s id="s.007143">Atque hoc norunt circula<lb></lb>tores, qui eos in pyxide lignea circumfe<lb></lb>runt, cumque commodiſſimè, modico furfu<lb></lb>re appoſito. </s> <s id="s.007144">Sed magnitudinis ſerpentum <lb></lb>cauſa eſt calor regionis: nam ſerpentes du<lb></lb>ra ſunt carne, ob id in immenſum creſcere <lb></lb>apti: nam & arbores plurimùm <expan abbr="creſcũt">creſcunt</expan>, quia <lb></lb>denſiores ſunt ſubſtantia: ſic & elephantes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007145">Sed ſerpentibus frigida natura obſtabat, ob <lb></lb>id non niſi in calidiſſimis regionibus illi ad <lb></lb>tantam poſſunt peruenire magnitudinem. </s> <s id="s.007146">At <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1042"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui nequeunt creſcere calore auxiliante, ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò ſicciſſima ſunt natura, atque ob id <lb></lb>pernicioſiſſimi. </s> <s id="s.007147">Regulum ſeu baſilicum fe<lb></lb>runt, vel voce ſola, vel intuitu homines oc<lb></lb>cidere: quòd ſi ita eſt, infici aërem in vtro<lb></lb>que ſpiritu eſt neceſſe: nam ſimulachrum <lb></lb>illud quod lucis auxilio mittit, veneni par<lb></lb>ticeps eſſe non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007148">Igitur non ſecùs ac <lb></lb>mulieres ſpecula vitiant dum menſibus de<lb></lb>tinentur, homines ac animalia voce, vel in<lb></lb>tuitu ſerpentum affici poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.007149">Obſeruatum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1043"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt ſerpentes, anguéſque, & quibus vene<lb></lb>num adeſt, in trifolio non habitare, lateréve, <lb></lb>quod herba illis exitio ſit, vt illi cæteris, ob <lb></lb>id commodè in locis calidioribus ſeritur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007150">Viperæ etiam, quæ aquas inhabitant, parum <lb></lb>aut nihil veneni retinent, non enim poſſunt <lb></lb>eſſe ſiccæ. </s> <s id="s.007151">At venenum aut eſt immodica ſic<lb></lb>citas, aut cum immodica ſiccitate coniun<lb></lb>ctum. </s> <s id="s.007152">Itaque vt non omnes ſerpentes vene<lb></lb>noſi, ita neque omnia animalia, quæ veneno <lb></lb>prædita ſunt ſerpunt. </s> <s id="s.007153">Nam & ſcorpij, & buſ<lb></lb>fones, & araneæ, & cancrorum genera quæ<lb></lb>dam in India occidentali, & formicarum <lb></lb>nonnullæ quamuis pedes <expan abbr="habeãt">habeant</expan>, non tamen <pb pagenum="510" xlink:href="016/01/159.jpg"></pb>veneno carent, vt neque veſpæ, & alia <lb></lb>multa. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1044"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007154"><margin.target id="marg1036"></margin.target>Theophraſtus <lb></lb>Ariſtoteli <lb></lb>præferendus <lb></lb>in his, quæ <lb></lb>ad ſerſum <lb></lb>pertinent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007155"><margin.target id="marg1037"></margin.target>3. Contr ad. <lb></lb>tr. 2. cont. 19</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007157"><margin.target id="marg1038"></margin.target>Animalia è <lb></lb>putri mate<lb></lb>ria genita, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>manſueſcunt <lb></lb>propter 4. <lb></lb>cauſas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007158"><margin.target id="marg1039"></margin.target>Serpentum <lb></lb>mira magni<lb></lb>tudo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007159"><margin.target id="marg1040"></margin.target>Serpentes <lb></lb>quadrupedes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007160"><margin.target id="marg1041"></margin.target><expan abbr="Serpẽtes">Serpentes</expan> cur <lb></lb>diu ſine cibo <lb></lb>viuant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007161">cauſa cur <lb></lb>ſerpentes in <lb></lb>immenſam <lb></lb><expan abbr="magnitudinẽ">magnitudinem</expan> <lb></lb>creſcant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007162"><margin.target id="marg1042"></margin.target>Serpentes <lb></lb>parui cur <lb></lb>omnes perni<lb></lb>cioſiſſimi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007163"><margin.target id="marg1043"></margin.target>Serpentes <lb></lb>non inue<lb></lb>niuntur in <lb></lb>trifolio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007164"><margin.target id="marg1044"></margin.target>Tarantula.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007165">Sed nihil mirabilius eo aranei genere, <lb></lb>quod vocant Tarantulam, qui demorſos <lb></lb>morte per lethargum occupat. </s> <s id="s.007166">Remedium <lb></lb>palàm eſt ex muſica, quòd ad ſaltandum in<lb></lb>citentur: nam ſaltando veternus diſcutitur, <lb></lb>ac cum eo ſimul venenum, quod natura <lb></lb>frigidiſſimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007167">Nam & apud Platonem <lb></lb>in Phædone inducitur quies Socrati à car<lb></lb>nifice imperata, vt cicuta illum occidere <lb></lb>valeat. </s> <s id="s.007168">Non igitur muſica, ſed labore ve<lb></lb>nenum diſcutitur: at ad laborem incitantur <lb></lb>vario muſicæ genere. </s> <s id="s.007169">Genus enim illud ve<lb></lb>neni ſpiritus ad intima contrahit, naturali<lb></lb>rer verò à muſica ſpiritus incitantur, vt in <lb></lb>equis, pueris, & ſtultis: quamobrem dupli<lb></lb>ci ratione ab ea iuuantur. <arrow.to.target n="marg1045"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007170"><margin.target id="marg1045"></margin.target>Cur anima<lb></lb>lia vencno<lb></lb>ſa alis & <lb></lb>pedibus ca<lb></lb>reant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007171">Cur igitur tam paucis animalibus pedes <lb></lb>habentibus venenum, atque illud perexi<lb></lb>guum natura dedit? </s> <s id="s.007172">quoniam ſi pedibus <lb></lb>valerent, nimis pernicioſa eſſent, ob id <lb></lb>etiam tarda, & puſilla ea genuit. </s> <s id="s.007173">Aranea <lb></lb>in India occidentali ad poſſeris magnitu<lb></lb>dinem creſcit, quùd natura hoc animal <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) ſit frigidum, quod etiam ex ve<lb></lb>neni auxilio docuimus. </s> <s id="s.007174">Sed ibi vt maior <lb></lb>eſt, eò minùs venenoſa. </s> <s id="s.007175">Ea de cauſa nul<lb></lb>lam auem venenoſam natura fecit: aut ſi <lb></lb>fecit, facietve, debile venenum illius <lb></lb>erit, vt veſpæ, aut non erit magna, aut <lb></lb>non frequens, & puſilla, aut in deſertis <lb></lb>locis habitabit. </s> <s id="s.007176">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, cur <lb></lb>ſerpentes ſine alis & pedibus ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007177">Sed hoc ad finem pertinet: ratio quæri<lb></lb>tur propria? </s> <s id="s.007178">Diximus ſicca eſſe immodice, <lb></lb>quæ veneno prædita ſint, ob hoc cornua, <lb></lb>& vngues, & oſſa carni immiſcuit, nec <lb></lb>plumis ornauit, ſic enim ſiccius corpus ef<arrow.to.target n="marg1046"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>finxit. </s> <s id="s.007179">Ideóque & ſerpentum ſtercus ple<lb></lb>runque bone olet, & lacertorum maximo<lb></lb>rum, quos crocodileos vocant: hi ſunt <lb></lb>crocodilis magnitudine, & forma ſimiles, <lb></lb>& in India occidentali, alibi etiam, ſed ra<lb></lb>riùs longè naſcuntur: anguibus quippe, qui <lb></lb>calicem quaſi depictum habent in fronte, <lb></lb>ſtercus optimè olet: nam odor ( vt dixi)bo<lb></lb>nus à ſiccitate prouenit: at ſerpentes ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) natura ſicca ſunt, ideò ſtercus eorum <lb></lb>optimè concoquitur tum ob viſcerum angu<lb></lb>ſtiam, atque bene olet, hac cauſa. </s> <s id="s.007180">Huius <lb></lb>generis etiam eſſe exiſtimantur duces vipe<lb></lb>rarum, quæ ſub quercubus habitant: hos <lb></lb>referunt in capite candidam criſtam, ve<lb></lb>lut coronam gerere. </s> <s id="s.007181">Abundant in antris <lb></lb>ambuſtarum domuum etiam apud extre<lb></lb>mos Sarmatas, adeò vt nouos habitatores <lb></lb>earum terreant. </s> <s id="s.007182">Refert Olaus Magnus, ſer<lb></lb>pentes euomere venenum varij coloris: ſi<lb></lb>bique dum puer eſſet conſpurcatam ex eo <lb></lb>veſtem: nudóſque homines ab eis non at<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1047"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tingi. </s> <s id="s.007183">Sunt & quibus ſpiritus procul adeò <lb></lb>redolet, vt moſchus videatur: atque hi in <lb></lb>orientali India inter Calecutum, & Cano<lb></lb>nor. </s> <s id="s.007184">Duplici autem ratione eadem, quæ <lb></lb>ſtercus ſpiritus redolet. </s> <s id="s.007185">Sunt verò alij ibi <lb></lb>pernicioſiſſimi, qui ſtatim occidunt, Manda<lb></lb>lique vocantur hi. </s> <s id="s.007186">Porrò è viperarum ge<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1048"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nere ſunt, quoniam viperas appellamus per<lb></lb>nicioſiſſimos ſerpentes. </s> <s id="s.007187">Præſtantiſſimæ in <lb></lb>hoc genere ſunt, quibus caput latum, ca<lb></lb>uumque, & in rhombi figuram diſpoſitum, <lb></lb>oculi viuaces, duoque dentes tantùm cani<lb></lb>ni, vnguis in nare, vel cauda: cauda verò <lb></lb>breuis, breuéque corpus, cuius color luri<lb></lb>dus, inceſſus, motuſque celer, & caput ere<lb></lb>ctum. </s> <s id="s.007188">Tales enim tranſeunte in mortuas <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1049"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam veneno, carnem habent ad theriacæ <lb></lb>compoſitionem aptam. </s> <s id="s.007189">Quædam enim ſunt, <lb></lb>quæ cum morte venenum amittunt, vt ra<lb></lb>bidi canes, ſcorpiique: quædam ſeruant, vt <lb></lb>viperæ: neque enim aliter prodeſſe poſſent <lb></lb>carnes earum in theriaca, ſi omninò ex<lb></lb>pertes fierent veneni. </s> <s id="s.007190">Et vnde ab eſu ea<lb></lb>rum excoriatio illa in elephantiaſi, ſi nihil <lb></lb>omninò ſeruatur virutis in illis? </s> <s id="s.007191">Quibuſdam <lb></lb>verò contigit, vr cùm boues veneno ani<lb></lb>malis enectos atque tumidos excoriarent, <lb></lb>conſimili correpti morbo interierint, alij <lb></lb>non ſine maximo labore euaſerint. </s> <s id="s.007192">Videtur <lb></lb>autem contagium hoc deſcendere ad corpo<lb></lb>ra putrefacta. </s> <s id="s.007193">Sed in viperis alia ratio eſt: <lb></lb>nam potentia venenum manet, ob vehe<lb></lb>mentem ſiccitatem, vt ſecurè tractare mor<lb></lb>tuas poſſis, non edere. </s> <s id="s.007194">In quibus verò non <lb></lb>caro tota, ſed pars ſolùm veneno affecta eſt, <lb></lb>vt in ſcorpiis aculeus, in canibus dentes, <lb></lb>hi cum morte venenum amittunt. </s> <s id="s.007195">Fiunt verò <lb></lb>deteriores viperæ, aut regione, vt in Nu<lb></lb>midia, vbi & ferociores ſunt, & pernicio<lb></lb>ſiores, & ſcorpij ſimiliter: velut & mon<lb></lb>tanæ nemoralibus: aliæ cibo, vt quæ ra<lb></lb>nis rubetis, quas buffones vocant, veſ<lb></lb>cuntur. </s> <s id="s.007196">Inficitur enim ſanguis alimento, <lb></lb>tum membra: ſed magis omnibus ſaliua fit <lb></lb>peſtilens, vnde inuentat ratio ſagittas in<lb></lb>ficiendi veneno. </s> <s id="s.007197">Dentes autem pro ſagit<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1050"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tis habentur. </s> <s id="s.007198">Ob ſiccitatem etiam arida cu<lb></lb>tis exuitur verè ab ipſis, vocantque ſene<lb></lb>ctam. </s> <s id="s.007199">Contingit enim illis, quod & homi<lb></lb>nibus elephantiaſi laborantibus, ſcilicet vt <lb></lb>ex vapore corrupti humoris curis, ſiccet ac <lb></lb>eleuetur. </s> <s id="s.007200">Ob id verè exuunt illa diuturna <lb></lb>fame, ſiccati. </s> <s id="s.007201">Fames enim ſiccat corpus, <lb></lb>humoriſque corrumpit: initium autem à <lb></lb>capite faciunt. </s> <s id="s.007202">Quoniam verò viperarum ha<lb></lb>bitus ſecundùm naturam ei, qui elephanti<lb></lb>cis præter naturam ineſt, ſimilis eſt neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt, viperarum carnes elephantiaſim patien<lb></lb>tibus auxilio eſſe, ſicut comitialibus aſino<lb></lb>rum, ceruorum bile perfuſis. </s> <s id="s.007203">Senecta an<lb></lb>guis ſi oculi confricentur ſingulo mane, ne<lb></lb>gant omninò corripi hebetudine viſus, aut <lb></lb>ſuffuſione. </s> <s id="s.007204">Sed vt minùs verum, ita magis <lb></lb>mirum crematam ſenectam, dum Luna ple<lb></lb>na luminibus in prima Arietis parte fuerit <lb></lb>cinerémque collectum ſi inſpergatur capiti <lb></lb>ſomnia terribilia mouere. </s> <s id="s.007205">Si ex eo cum aqua <lb></lb>diluto facies lauetur, terribilem videri: ſi <lb></lb>ſub lingua teneatur: ſapientem & eloquen<lb></lb>tem: ſi ſub planta pedis, gratioſum <expan abbr="corã">coram</expan> prin<lb></lb>cipibus ac magiſtratu. </s> <s id="s.007206">Serpentum verò qui<lb></lb>cunque etiam vel in cauda vulgulam, vel in <lb></lb>fronte cornu habent, immodicè ſicci ſunt, at<lb></lb>que ideò pernicioſiſſimi. </s> <s id="s.007207">Vt igitur ſerpentes <lb></lb>veneno præditi eſſent, pilis, plumis, cruribus, <lb></lb>aliiſque carere debuerunt, & parum etiam <lb></lb>bibere his neceſſe fuit, & vt oculi ruberent, <pb pagenum="511" xlink:href="016/01/160.jpg"></pb>Hac de cauſa nulli fermè piſces veneno<emph type="italics"></emph>ſi:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>quòd ſi ſint ſicciſſima parte tales ſunt, vt <lb></lb>lepores marini felle, & ſpinis aranei piſces. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007208">Quinetiam veſpæ, aculeo, quòd ſicciſſima <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1051"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pars earum ſit. </s> <s id="s.007209">Indicio rurſus eſt quantum <lb></lb>poſſent afferre perniciem animalibus cæte<lb></lb>ris, ſi vel curſu, vel volatu valerent ſerpentes, <lb></lb>quòd præter tigridem nullum animal fermè <lb></lb>rapax pernix fuit: & in regionibus vbi ia<lb></lb>culi arbores aſcendunt, vix homines poſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1052"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſint habitare. </s> <s id="s.007210">Multæ verò in ſerpentibus non <lb></lb>ſecùs ac in piſcibus, variæque formæ, adeò <lb></lb>vt hac varietate freti quidam noſtris tem<lb></lb>poribus, auſi ſint oſtendere ſerpentem pe<lb></lb>dibus duobus, capitibus ſeptem: velut in <lb></lb>Apocalypſi legitur: medium quidem caput <lb></lb>longius, craſſiúſque, reliqua vt æqualiter ab <lb></lb>illo diſtabant paria atque æqualia: vt verò <lb></lb>magis recedebant ab illo, ſic etiam colla <lb></lb>erant tenuiora ac breuiora. </s> <s id="s.007211">Capita quidem <lb></lb>viperarum, oculi poſt aures, hiatus maximus, <lb></lb>dentes caninis dentibus ſimillimi, ſed gra<lb></lb>ciliores, anteriores autem exigui cum his, <lb></lb>qui à lateribus ſunt longioribus: lingua la<lb></lb>ta, vt homini, capútque humano capite ſi<lb></lb>mile: cutis duriſſima, continua, cum ſudibus <lb></lb>cartilagineis velut in ſturione maculoſa. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007212">Colla inter ſe diuiſa è corpore prodibant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007213">Cauda dimidio longior corpore toto, ſer<lb></lb>pentum caudæ ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.007214">Pedes parui, longis <lb></lb>vnguibus: magnitudo cuniculi: ſub ventre <lb></lb>candidus, in dorſo citreus ad vnguem, id eſt, <lb></lb>viridi diluto, palearíque intermiſtus. </s> <s id="s.007215">Adde<lb></lb>bant inuentos viuos, & vtriuſque ſexus: ſed <lb></lb>cùm ego commentum eſſe exiſtimarem, hac <lb></lb>ductus ratione, quòd duo principia in ani<lb></lb>mali eiuſdem generis, aut plura multò mi<lb></lb>nùs eſſe nequeant, ac fictitiam hydram, vir <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1053"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>doctus Ioannes Meona Piſanus rem mihi <lb></lb>totam aperuit. </s> <s id="s.007216">Mantuæ ſcilicet diſfectum <lb></lb>narrabat hoc monſtrum, fictúmque inuen<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.007217">Quanquam neſcio quodnam maius mi<lb></lb>raculum dici debeat, an naturæ produxiſſe, <lb></lb>an artis tam appoſitè finxiſſe. </s> <s id="s.007218">Tantum po<lb></lb>teſt auri ſacra fames. </s> <s id="s.007219">Sed an animali duo, <lb></lb>aut plura poſſint eſſe principia, à pluribus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1054"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dubitatum eſt: quia Salamandra animal no<lb></lb>tiſſimum, & lacertæ fermè ſimillimum, quod <lb></lb>in fontibus, maceriis murorum & ſub terra <lb></lb>inuenitur. (Eſt autem frequentiſſima in Ita<lb></lb>lia, maximè prope Patauium, vbi aliquando <lb></lb>tranſiens riuulorum fundum, non ſecùs ac <lb></lb>lapillus conſperſum vidi) maculoſo colore, <lb></lb>& lurido, cauda verò ſerpentis fermè, quæ <lb></lb>etiam paruis ignibus admota vix ſentit, & <lb></lb>humore effuſo illos reſtinguit per medium <lb></lb>diuiſa parte anteriore antè progreditur, po<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1055"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſteriore autem retrorſum incedit: ob id verò <lb></lb>duo credita eſt, habere motus principia. </s> <s id="s.007220">Sed <lb></lb>quomodo animali duo poſſint eſſe principia <lb></lb>motus, & quomodo non apertè demonſtran<lb></lb>dum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007221">Itaque monſtra quædam duplici <lb></lb>capite naſci nihil prohibet, quandoquidem <lb></lb>etiam pueri tales quoque inuenti ſint, vt in<lb></lb>frà docebimus. </s> <s id="s.007222">Quod autem natura in ho<lb></lb>minibus quibuſdam facit, in imperfectis ſpe<lb></lb>ciebus poteſt efficere. </s> <s id="s.007223">Oſtenſum eſt autem <lb></lb>ſuprà ſpecies eſſe monſtrificas, genitas qui<lb></lb>dem ab his animalibus, quæ à putredine ge<lb></lb>nerantur. </s> <s id="s.007224">Sunt igitur talia ad ſimilitudinem <lb></lb>ſpeciei, ſed non ſunt, verùm animalia à ge<lb></lb>nerationis principio mutila Impoſſibile <lb></lb>enim eſt, naturam non rectè iuxta finis ra<lb></lb>tionem operari, ſi nullo prorſus medo impe<lb></lb>diatur. </s> <s id="s.007225">Eſt igitur fortuitum inueniri animal <lb></lb>duplici capite, quamuis ſit in pluribus ani<lb></lb>malibus ſecundùm eandem formam. </s> <s id="s.007226">Nam <lb></lb>talia omnia ab eiſdem ſpecie generantur, & <lb></lb>ab his, quæ in eodem deficiunt inſtrumento. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007227">Sed ſalamandræ neque monſtra ſunt, neque <lb></lb>ſui motus habent plus quàm vnum princi<lb></lb>pium: verùm cùm diuiduntur, imaginatri<lb></lb>cem virtutem habent imperfectiſſimam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007228">Quid mirum cùm dum valent, ſint hebetis <lb></lb>ſenſus? </s> <s id="s.007229">exterioris dico: quid de interiore di<lb></lb>cendum eſt? </s> <s id="s.007230">Cauſa igitur huius inceſſus eſt, <lb></lb>quòd cùm imaginatricem habeant debiliſ<lb></lb>ſimam, hæcautem virtus dolorem, & malum <lb></lb>effugere docet, vtraque pars autem dolo<lb></lb>rem ſentit, vbi præciſum eſt corpus, & al<lb></lb>tera ab altera diuiſa, anterior igitur verſus <lb></lb>poſteriorem vulnus habet, poſterior verſus <lb></lb>partem anteriorem: quare vt dolorem vtra<lb></lb>que pars effugiat, anterior anterius moue<lb></lb>bit, poſterior poſterius: ob ídque ſpeciem re<lb></lb>fert animalis duo principia motus habentis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007231">Nullum igitur animal niſi monſtrificum, & <lb></lb>natura imperfectum, duo poteſt habere ca<lb></lb>pita, tum quia quod paucioribus abſolui po<lb></lb>teſt, natura plurimis haud perficit: tum quia <lb></lb>id animal ſibiipſi poſſet diſſentire, & aduer<lb></lb>ſari. </s> <s id="s.007232">Atque hæ ſunt rationes perſuaſoriæ, de<lb></lb>monſtratiuæ autem in libris de Arcanis æter<lb></lb>nitatis adducentur. </s> <s id="s.007233">At dices: Cancri tamen <lb></lb>ad vtranque partem mouentur: ſed pedes <lb></lb>habent antè reſpicientes, ob id non mouen<lb></lb>tur in vtranque partem ex principio. </s> <s id="s.007234">Si <lb></lb>enim haberent principium motus vtrinque, <lb></lb>haberent & vtrinque ſenſus, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> etiam <expan abbr="in-ſtrumẽta">in<lb></lb>ſtrumenta</expan> motus. </s> <s id="s.007235">Animalia verò natura diui<lb></lb>ſa, ſunt dextra ac ſiniſtra, & ſenſus etiam <lb></lb>per partes diſtributi, tum etiam antè retró<lb></lb>que: & ideò diuiſa viuunt, perfecta autem <lb></lb>parum, quia multo calore indigent. </s> <s id="s.007236">Signum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1056"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>huius eſt, quòd Ioannes Leo refert in Ægy<lb></lb>pto diuidi homines ſupplicij cauſa à carni<lb></lb>fice, ſuperpoſitáque ſuperiore parte foco, <lb></lb>vbi calx viua ſparſa ſit, ſuperuiuere per quar<lb></lb>tam horæ partem, agnoſceréque ac reſponſa <lb></lb>dare. </s> <s id="s.007237">Animal igitur ſenſum vbique retinet, <lb></lb>modò per calorem liceat, atque etiam fun<lb></lb>ctionem omnem, cui inſtrumentum non pe<lb></lb>rierit. </s> <s id="s.007238">Inde ſedari tot controuerſias quorun<lb></lb>dam nolentium animal ſine capite, aliorum <lb></lb>ſine corde viuere: nam ſine capite non ſen<lb></lb>tiunt, ſed viuunt: ſine corde ſentiunt, ſed ce<lb></lb>lerrimè calor deficit atque motus ac vita. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007239">Omne igitur animal ſi diuidatur, modò ſer<lb></lb>uetur calor, ſeruatur & ſenſus. </s> <s id="s.007240">Inſecta verò <lb></lb>qui paruo indigent calore, tantiſper viuunt <lb></lb>ac mouentur, & imaginantur imperfectè, <lb></lb>quantiſper vita perſeuerat, ſeu calor vitalis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007241">Et autem vis imaginandi futurorum, vt ſen<lb></lb>ſus præſentium. </s> <s id="s.007242">Dolorem igitur fugiendo <lb></lb>(hoc autem ad futurum tempus pertinet) ſa<lb></lb>lamandræ partes (vt dictum eſt) in diuerſa <lb></lb>mouentur. </s> <s id="s.007243">Sed vt ad propoſitum redeam, <lb></lb>circulator ille alium oſtendit ſerpentem, <lb></lb>quem draconem vocabat, priore dimidio <lb></lb>minorem: cruribus duobus, pedes vetuſtas <pb pagenum="512" xlink:href="016/01/161.jpg"></pb>exederat, collum, capútque vt ſerpenti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007244">Huic alæ duæ paruæ atque cartilagineæ ve<lb></lb>lut veſpertilioni: nec volaturum eum credi<lb></lb>derim, etiamſi viueret, ob alarum prauita<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.007245">Sed haud dubium eſſe debet, fuiſſe pi<lb></lb>ſcem draconem, ſed alterius generis nuncu<lb></lb>patum inſertis pedibus: nam draconem ve<lb></lb>rum apud Madios amicos noſtros vidimus <lb></lb>longa cauda, & collo: in quo altrinſecùs ge<lb></lb>minæ ſpinæ, & in cauda totidem pennæ, ſed <lb></lb>ſpinæ: hæ tum omnes aliæ parui catuli den<lb></lb>tibus ſimiles erant. </s> <s id="s.007246">Erant autem in cauda <lb></lb>triplici ordine diſpoſitæ, numero ſexaginta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007247">Et inter alas, & in dorſo aliquot, & ante <lb></lb>caudæ initium ſingulæ altrinſecùs, in lateri<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.007248">Alæ prægrandes ex membrana, velut <lb></lb>veſpertilionibus. </s> <s id="s.007249">Ea corio ſquatinæ perſimi<lb></lb>lis erat, qua etiam totum corpus integeba<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.007250">Caput paruum, ipſúmque cum tota ſpina <lb></lb>eadem membrana, ſed quaſi roſtrata muni<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.007251">Sed in capite ſpeciem pilei referebat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007252">Os amplum <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> <expan abbr="diductũ">diductum</expan>: labia oſſeis granu<lb></lb>lis denſata. </s> <s id="s.007253">Canini dentes altrinſecùs gemi<lb></lb>ni: vnus ſiquidem in ſuperiore, alter inferio<lb></lb>re mandibula. </s> <s id="s.007254">Medij vt canibus, admodum <lb></lb>breues. </s> <s id="s.007255">Molares in ſuperiore mandibula ſin<lb></lb>guli altrinſecùs in inferiore gemini lingua <lb></lb>locus erat, non lingua exiſtimo exeſam. </s> <s id="s.007256">Ocu<lb></lb>lorum ſpacia ampla valde. </s> <s id="s.007257">Cæterum circu<lb></lb>lator ille duos ſerpentes viuos etiam habuit, <lb></lb>qui è viperarum genere erant, duorum lon<lb></lb>gitudine cubitorum, cauda purpurea, ſplen<lb></lb>dentéque ac lurida, vngula ſeu cornu in naſi <lb></lb>ſummitatem ſuperiùs reflexum: cætera vipe<lb></lb>rarum communia, caput, oculi dentes. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007258"><margin.target id="marg1046"></margin.target>Serpentum <lb></lb>ſtercus olet <lb></lb>benè.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007259"><margin.target id="marg1047"></margin.target>Serpentes <lb></lb>quibus ſpiri<lb></lb>tus redolet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007260">Serpentes <lb></lb>Mandali <lb></lb>pernicioſiſſi<lb></lb>mi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007261"><margin.target id="marg1048"></margin.target>Viperæ quæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007262"><margin.target id="marg1049"></margin.target>Cur vene<lb></lb>num <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> <lb></lb>cum vita <lb></lb><expan abbr="amittãt">amittant</expan> quæ<lb></lb>dam non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007263"><margin.target id="marg1050"></margin.target>Cur angui<lb></lb>bus excidat <lb></lb>ſenecta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007264"><margin.target id="marg1051"></margin.target>Cur in aquis <lb></lb>pauca ani<lb></lb>malia vene<lb></lb>noſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007265"><margin.target id="marg1052"></margin.target>Serpentum <lb></lb>varia for<lb></lb>mæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007266"><margin.target id="marg1053"></margin.target>Ioannes <lb></lb>Meona Piſa<lb></lb>nus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007267"><margin.target id="marg1054"></margin.target>Salamandræ <lb></lb>duo mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007268"><margin.target id="marg1055"></margin.target>Animal an <lb></lb>duo poſſit ha<lb></lb>bere capita.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007269"><margin.target id="marg1056"></margin.target>Homines di<lb></lb>uiſi ſuperui<lb></lb>uunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007270">Similem fermè huic, & ab omni ſuſpicio<lb></lb>ne confictæ artificio fermè alienum in ma<lb></lb>nibus habui: ſed alæ nullæ erant, inuentum <lb></lb>in maceriis domus dirutæ Mediolani. </s> <s id="s.007271">Ca<lb></lb>put oui magnitudine, ac pro corporis ratio<lb></lb>ne prægrande Os ex illo mihi retinui. </s> <s id="s.007272">Den<lb></lb>tes in vtraque mandibula, vt viperis: corpore <lb></lb>ſtellioni magnitudine, & forma ſimili: ſed <lb></lb>pedes tantùm duo, cruráque breuia, vt con<lb></lb>ſtet non ſatis commodè à natura fabrica<lb></lb>tum, cùm tantæ longitudini quatuor pedes <lb></lb>fuiſſent neceſſarij: ſed tamen grandes erant, <lb></lb>& vngulis magnis, vt felium. </s> <s id="s.007273">Cauda totius <lb></lb>animalis longitudinem æquabat: in cuius ex<lb></lb>tremo tuber capiti Italici ſtellionis magni<lb></lb>tudine æquale, ac quaſi rotundum aderat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007274">Crediderim ego hunc è baſiliſci genere fuiſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.007275">Nam cùm ſtaret gallo ſimilis videri po<lb></lb>tuit, niſi quòd corio, non plumis, tectus eſ<lb></lb>ſet, carerétque alis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1057"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007276"><margin.target id="marg1057"></margin.target>Animalia è <lb></lb>putrida ma<lb></lb>teria fermè <lb></lb>tot generum, <lb></lb>quot ea, quæ <lb></lb>putreſcunt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007277">Sed his relictis, ad apum genus reuerta<lb></lb>mur. </s> <s id="s.007278">Gignuntur propagatione, & ex putre<lb></lb>dine non omnium, ſed boum, vt ex equis <lb></lb>veſpæ, ex aſinis fuci, & crabrones ex mulis: <lb></lb>quare videntur ſingula cum putreſcunt ani<lb></lb>malis genus quoddam proprium generare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007279">E ſolani foliis vermis oritur, tum in iaſemi<lb></lb>ni planta, viridi, palearíque colore diſtinctus, <lb></lb>pollicis ambitu, minore palmo, longior, ſu<lb></lb>pina parte viridis, ternis vtrinque nigris iux<lb></lb>ta caput pedibus. </s> <s id="s.007280">Sub ventre quaternis al<lb></lb>trinſecùs apophiſidibus, quibus manum loco <lb></lb>adhærens ſtringit: caudæ loco, cornu hac <lb></lb>forma <figure id="id.016.01.161.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/161/1.jpg"></figure> magnitudinéque gerit: colo<lb></lb>ris crocei granulis candidis conſperſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007281">Hoctamen, mirumdictu, cum animali ta<lb></lb>beſcente euaneſcit, nouem vtrinque à lateri<lb></lb>bus maculas nigras gerit, adeò ementientes <lb></lb>foramina totidem, vt acu opus fuerit ad fal<lb></lb>laciam <expan abbr="depræhendendã">depræhendendam</expan>. </s> <s id="s.007282"><expan abbr="Roſtrũ">Roſtrum</expan> nigrum, te<lb></lb>nuéque cum duobus altrinſecùs, quaſi vn<lb></lb>cis, tantum foliorum iaſemini in ſingulos <lb></lb>dies deuorat: vt eorum pondus vermis pon<lb></lb>deri æquetur. </s> <s id="s.007283">Quò fit, vt etiam paulò minus <lb></lb>ſtercoris emittat: hoc ſine odore, nigrum, le<lb></lb>ue, teres, ſtriatum, craſſitudine fermè vermis: <lb></lb>fœmina vnco in cauda caret, in capite vtrin<lb></lb>que maculas habet nigras. </s> <s id="s.007284">Tranſit vt reliqua <lb></lb>eiuſdem generis in necydalum cinereo co<lb></lb>lore puluerulentum maximum ſui generis, <lb></lb>ac pro more deſidem. </s> <s id="s.007285">Salix quoque ſuos ha<lb></lb>bet cimices: vermiculos pernicioſos ruta: po<lb></lb>pulus alia, alia habet abies. </s> <s id="s.007286">Itaque rectè de <lb></lb>apum ortu Virgil ceciniſſe videtur: <arrow.to.target n="marg1058"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Tum vitulus bima curuant iam cornua fronte <lb></lb>Quæritur: huic geminæ nares, & ſpiritus oris <lb></lb>Multa reluctanti obſtruitur: plagiſque perempto <lb></lb>Tenſa per integram ſoluuntur viſcera pellem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007287">Sic poſitum in clauſo linquunt: & ramea coſtis <lb></lb>Subiiciunt fragmenta, thymum, caſiáſ<lb></lb>que recentes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007288">Hoc geritur Zephyris primùm impellentibus vndas, <lb></lb>Antè nouis rubeant, quàm prata coloribus: antè <lb></lb>Garrula uàm tignis nidum ſuſpendat hirundo, <lb></lb>Interea teneris tepefactus in oſſibus humor <lb></lb>Æſtuat, & viſenda modis animalia miris, <lb></lb>Trunca pedum primo, mox & ſtridentia pinnis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007289">Miſcentur, tenuémque magis, magis aëre carpunt: <lb></lb>Donec, vt æſtiuis effuſus nubibus imber <lb></lb>Erupêre, aut vt neruo pulſante ſagittæ, <lb></lb>Prima leues ineunt, ſi quando prælia <lb></lb>Parthi.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007290"><margin.target id="marg1058"></margin.target>De apum ge<lb></lb>neratione.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007291">Verùm cùm de harum generatione Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteles ſatis dubitet, conſtat tamen nec <lb></lb>mel, nec ceram alio ex animali gigni potuiſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.007292">Nam mel neceſſariò ex humido tenui, <lb></lb>pinguíque roríque miſto, gigni oportuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007293">Animalia igitur parua, quæ inſiderent, vo<lb></lb>lantia, quæ citò redirent, multa quæ collige<lb></lb>rent, quòd minimum eſt, ſollicita, quæ opus <lb></lb>celeriter implerent, eſſe debuerant. </s> <s id="s.007294">At talia <lb></lb>ouum incubare non poterant: gignuntur igi<lb></lb>tur è melle apes. </s> <s id="s.007295">Creſcit hoc genus etiam in <lb></lb>frigidiſſimis regionibus ſagaci naturæ in<lb></lb>uento: nam hyeme latent. </s> <s id="s.007296">Itaque in Moſcho<lb></lb>uia mellis, & ceræ vſque ad contemptum <lb></lb>abundantia. </s> <s id="s.007297">Frigus regionis mitigat diei <lb></lb>prolixitas: eſt enim horarum decem & octo, <lb></lb>ac plurium. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1059"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007298"><margin.target id="marg1059"></margin.target>Bombyces ab <lb></lb>Aristotele <lb></lb>cogniti. </s> <s id="s.007299">Lib. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007300">5 de Hiſter. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007301">animal.c.19.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007302">Non ſecùs è foliis mori bombyces in ca<lb></lb>lidiore cœlo, quam ex bobus apes gignun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.007303">Hos cognouiſſe Ariſtotelem palam, eſt <pb pagenum="513" xlink:href="016/01/162.jpg"></pb>inquit enim: Pamphyla Platis filia in Cô <lb></lb>inſula, prima docuit veſtes bombycinas te<lb></lb>xere, ex filo quod à bombyce fit. </s> <s id="s.007304">Naſcitur <lb></lb>hoc animal verme ſui generis, quod cornua <lb></lb>habet, inde ex illo eruca, pòſt bombyx, inde <lb></lb>necydalus, ſpatio ſemeſtri, abſoluta tota hac <lb></lb>mutatione. </s> <s id="s.007305">Eſt autem papilioni ſimile, ſed <lb></lb>oua edit congreſſi maſculi fœminæque: nec <lb></lb>edit interim quicquam, ſed ouis editis ta<lb></lb>beſcit. </s> <s id="s.007306">Nec volat niſi vt ſaltum videatur imi<lb></lb>tari. </s> <s id="s.007307">Et autem mirum, quomodo eo cognito <lb></lb>olim ſericea veſtis tanto in pretio fuerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007308">Verùm quamuis Procopius narret, mona<lb></lb>chos ex vrbe Indiæ Serinda Iuſtiniano Im<lb></lb>peratori oua vermiculorum quorundam at<lb></lb>tuliſſe, atque ita poſt Ariſtotelem annis fer<lb></lb>mè 840 dicátque Virgil. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ignoti facie, ſed noti vellere Seres.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.007309"> Tum alibi: <lb></lb>——<emph type="italics"></emph>foliis depectunt vellere Seres.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007310">Et Plinius: Seres lanico ſyluarum nobiles <lb></lb>perfuſam aqua depectentes frondium cani<lb></lb>tiem. </s> <s id="s.007311">Exiſtimo tamen, hoc noſtrum ſericum <lb></lb>illud eſſe, quod ab antiquis celebratur, Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteli <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dixi) cognitum, ſed in certa nu<lb></lb>triendi ratione, intermortuo diſciplina, ſeu <lb></lb>quòd Pamphyla docuerit, delata ex India <lb></lb>fila, & iam victoria Alexandri Magni co<lb></lb>gnita, non tamen tranſlatis vermibus, texe<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.007312">Inde primùm ſub Iuſtiniano, & oua, & <lb></lb>artem educandi per monachos ad nos per<lb></lb>ueniſſe. </s> <s id="s.007313">Interim verò dum latuêre, perſua<lb></lb>ſum eſt antiquis è frondium lanugine depe<lb></lb>cti: ſiue quod hoc veriſimilius videretur, ſeu <lb></lb>quòd bombyces ibi ſpontè in ſyluis proue<lb></lb>niant, ſeu quòd ſic incolæ occultare origi<lb></lb>nem ſerici melius poſſe ſperarent. </s> <s id="s.007314">Verùm vt <lb></lb>Cæſaris huius ac materni aui aut beneficio <lb></lb>totus orbis innotuit, patuit apertè præter <lb></lb>hoc ſerici genus nullum aliud eſſe. </s> <s id="s.007315">Vtiliſſimi <arrow.to.target n="marg1060"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>igitur poſt apes, bombyces. </s> <s id="s.007316">Aduehuntur ad <lb></lb>nos nunc animalia pro purpureo colore ſeri<lb></lb>ci conficiendo, ſimilia cimicibus, à quibus <lb></lb>ſublata ſunt capita, vnde pretium ſerico ru<lb></lb>benti imminutum fermè ad dimidium, cùm <lb></lb>olim è bibinellæ herbævermiculis radici ad<lb></lb>naſcentibus fieret. </s> <s id="s.007317">Animalia eſſe & quæ de<lb></lb>feruntur, & quæ ex bibinella colliguntur: in<lb></lb>dicio eſt, pinguedo fœda in bibinellæ, etiam <lb></lb>vermiculis fœtida admodum. </s> <s id="s.007318">Eſt autem pin<lb></lb>guis hæc materia, vt tenaciter hæreat, & <lb></lb>ſanguinea, vt viuidum colorem retineat: <lb></lb>nam & purpuræ color olim ex animali ſu<lb></lb>mebantur. </s> <s id="s.007319">Cæterùm vermiculi è bibinella <lb></lb>in Germania oriuntur, miſcentúrque buty<lb></lb>ro, ita tamen vt nihil præter putrem ſordem <lb></lb>percipere poſſis: ſed pingue pingui colorem <lb></lb>ſeruat, putreſcente ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.007320">Quatuor libræ <lb></lb>ex hac materia in ſingulas ſerici libras exi<lb></lb>guntur: ex Indica vix ſelibra, quòd pura ſit, <lb></lb>& ſicca: <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ideò minùs tenax hic colos, <expan abbr="mi-núſq;">mi<lb></lb>núſque</expan> viuidus. </s> <s id="s.007321">Quòd ſi aliqua pingui materia <lb></lb>feruaretur, dubio ſine, nitidior color ac diu<lb></lb>turnior redderetur, neceſſe eſt enim, vt cum <lb></lb>inutili humido vtilis aliquid euaneſcat. </s> <s id="s.007322">Ad<lb></lb>di ſolent multa dum conficitur purpura hæc, <lb></lb>tam ſagax eſt hominum induſtria ad lucrum: <lb></lb>atque inter reliqua, Arſenicum, alumen, vini <lb></lb>ſex, galla mirobalani, zedoaria, ſpuma ſapo<lb></lb>nis, & furfuris cremor. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007323"><margin.target id="marg1060"></margin.target>Tinctura <lb></lb>purpurea <lb></lb>noua pro ſe<lb></lb>rico.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007324">Aduerſus humanum genus contraria ra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1061"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tione locuſtæ paratæ videntur: non paſſim <lb></lb>abundant, ſed Africa fermè ſola hac peſte, <lb></lb>& quod magis mirum eſt, alternis ferme an<lb></lb>nis laborat. </s> <s id="s.007325">Cœlum pro oſtento, non ſecùs <lb></lb>ac denſa nubes obtegunt. </s> <s id="s.007326">Prouinciæ in quas <lb></lb>calamitas hæc deciderit, ſatis ac germine <lb></lb>omni vna nocte ſpoliantur: diceres enim ni<lb></lb>uem decidiſſe nocte tota, ſi candidæ tam eſ<lb></lb>ſent, quàm ſunt nigræ. </s> <s id="s.007327">Forma earum eſt, vt <lb></lb>locuſtarum Italicarum: ſed rubro obſcuro <lb></lb>colore, maiores paulò, & volandi facultate <lb></lb>præditæ. </s> <s id="s.007328">Sunt qui ventis illas ad nos ferri <lb></lb>ſupra mare, non ſpontè, ob multitudinem, & <lb></lb>regionis diſtantiam, exiſtiment. </s> <s id="s.007329">Gignuntur <lb></lb>iuxta paludes, & cum in cultam. </s> <s id="s.007330">Africæ ter<lb></lb>ram volant, non generant, vel parùm. </s> <s id="s.007331">Quæ <lb></lb>in paludibus relinquuntur, non poſſunt adeò <lb></lb>multiplicari, vt euolare ad pabulum neceſſe <lb></lb>ſit, ſed contentæ ſunt ſarmentis, algáque pa<lb></lb>luſtri, ob id cùm frequentiſſimè, non niſi al<lb></lb>ternis annis, plerunque etiam rariùs in pro <lb></lb>uinciam graſſantur. </s> <s id="s.007332">Quæ verò exeunt abſum<lb></lb>ptis ſatis, cùm euolare cogantur quærendi <lb></lb>cibi gratia, tandem à ventis præcipitantur <lb></lb>in mare. </s> <s id="s.007333">Quandoque verò ventorum perſe<lb></lb>uerantia, roboréque earum vſque ad aduer<lb></lb>ſas Africæ regiones deferuntur: cuius mali <lb></lb>Sicilia primùm, pòſt Italia haud expers eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007334">Anno 1543. vidimus in Italia: obieri in Tu<lb></lb>ronenſi agro omine magis infauſto, quàm <lb></lb>iactura vlla: ſiquidem ea regio iam 15. pòſt <lb></lb>annis perpetuo bello deſolatur: cùm antea <lb></lb>ſeptem aliis laboraſſet. </s> <s id="s.007335">à prima hora, ad ſex<lb></lb>tam tranſeuntes turmæ Solem perpetuò <lb></lb>obumbrarunt. </s> <s id="s.007336">Experimento compertum eſt, <lb></lb>curam ad oua delenda ignibus profuiſſe, <lb></lb>nam ſobole priuantur. </s> <s id="s.007337">Si tamen cura non <lb></lb>adhibeatur, hoc malum viſum eſt ſequenti <lb></lb>anno repullulare, non leui incommodo: nam <lb></lb>præter certam ſterilitatem, periculum etiam <lb></lb>peſtilentiæ afferunt, ac omen ad futurum <lb></lb>bellum. </s> <s id="s.007338">Quibuſdam tamen vtiles: adeò nihil <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1062"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ex quaque parte aut beatum, aut integra<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.007339">Arabes enim, & Libyæ populi ſiccatas <lb></lb>Sole redigunt in panes: recentes <expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan> edunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007340">Nec mirum, cùm Moſes in ſeligendis cibis <lb></lb>diligentiſſimus, locuſtas Hebræis, vt ſaluta<lb></lb>res comedere permiſerit. </s> <s id="s.007341">Et Ioannes Bapti<lb></lb>ſta illis cum agreſti melle in deſerto veſce<lb></lb>batur. </s> <s id="s.007342">Naturæ autem rerum imperiti, igna<lb></lb>ríque, de hoc admirantur, & multa perperam <lb></lb>fabulantur, ne vir ſolitarius locuſtas ederet <lb></lb>in deſerto: cùm Germani quidam milites <lb></lb>bombyces noſtros in ſerici ſpem nutritos, in <lb></lb>tanta etiam rerum copia deliciarum cauſa <lb></lb>frixos ederint, ídque iure: nam quæ innoxia <lb></lb>ſunt, & ſapore, & odore tetro carent, ſola opi<lb></lb>nione conſtant. </s> <s id="s.007343">Itali enim muſtelas ſolo co<lb></lb>lore à vermibus diſtinctas, cùm hæ nigræ <lb></lb>ſint, vermes rubri comedant, atque inter cu<lb></lb>pedias ponunt, cùm tamen ex putredine, <lb></lb>non ex ouis, quemadmodum locuſtæ ac <lb></lb>bombyces, generentur. </s> <s id="s.007344">Simili ratione oſtrea, <lb></lb>conchyliáque tam auidè, vt etiam cruda de<lb></lb>uoremus, quæ ex putredine procreari ſcimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007345">Nec tamen ſcio præter hæc tria, vllum ani<lb></lb>mal quod ex ſola putri materia ortum ha<lb></lb>beat, in vſu eſſe culinarum. </s> <s id="s.007346">Sed ranas cano<lb></lb>ros piſces abominantur Germani, noſtri <pb pagenum="514" xlink:href="016/01/163.jpg"></pb>edunt abſque diſcrimine ſimiles buffonibus, <lb></lb>& ſola ſpecie horribiles, & ob ſimilitudi<lb></lb>nem etiam periculoſas: adeò vſus in omnibus <lb></lb>plurimùm poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007347">Sed tamen nihil mirum <lb></lb>e locuſtis panem fieri: ſiccæ enim in farinam <lb></lb>commodè tranſeunt, & leuem habent ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam, & pinguæ continent humidum: <lb></lb>hoc enim declaratum eſt commune eſſe om<lb></lb>nibus animalibus: igitur ſi molantur, pin<lb></lb>ſentúrque ac decoquantur, panem optimum <lb></lb>efficere poterunt. </s> <s id="s.007348">Optimum dico, non ſim<lb></lb>pliciter, ſed illis regionibus, hominibúſque <lb></lb>agreſtibus ac feris, quibus nihil boni eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1063"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Seruatur enim humidum pingue, ſiccato à <lb></lb>ſole aqueo: nec mirum, nam eſt humidi ge<lb></lb>nus, quod etiam ab igne <expan abbr="tutũ">tutum</expan> eſt, nec ardet: <lb></lb>aliter calchantum exuſtum oleum non mit<lb></lb>teret, mittit tamen, quia humidum id ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ coniunctum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007349">Cùm enim later <lb></lb>ferreus ardet, ſi prorſus humidum eius totum <lb></lb>arderet, extinctum non eſſe ferrum, ſed ci<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.007350">Eſt igitur olei genus quoddam, & pin<lb></lb>gue humidum, quod non facilè ardet. </s> <s id="s.007351">Tale <lb></lb>autem metallicorum ſolidorum, vt ferri, au<lb></lb>ri, calchanthi, argenti viui. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1064"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007352"><margin.target id="marg1061"></margin.target>Locuſtæ, & <lb></lb>earum <expan abbr="dãna">danna</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007353"><margin.target id="marg1062"></margin.target>Locuſte cibi <lb></lb>loco ſunt <lb></lb>Afris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007354"><margin.target id="marg1063"></margin.target>Humidum <lb></lb>pingue <expan abbr="quoddã">quod<lb></lb>dam</expan>, quod non <lb></lb>ardet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007355"><margin.target id="marg1064"></margin.target>Locuſtæ, for<lb></lb>micæ, papi<lb></lb>liones cur <lb></lb>oua gignant, <lb></lb>non tamen <lb></lb>apes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007356">Verùm cur hæc <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> etiamſi quædam mino<lb></lb>ra ſint apibus) formicæ ſcilicet, papiliones, <lb></lb>locuſtæ oua gignunt, apes non poſſunt? </s> <s id="s.007357">Cau<lb></lb>ſa eſt, quòd cùm pariunt, non volant, ſed for<lb></lb>mam retinent erucæ, aureliæve, aut cum <lb></lb>his commoriuntur, vt bombyces ac locuſtæ: <lb></lb>nam oua in tam paruis animalibus volatui <lb></lb>impedimento erant: igitur cùm apes præ<lb></lb>ſtaret ob egregiam vtilitatem viuaces eſſe, <lb></lb>in ſeptimum enim aut etiam octauum an<lb></lb>num earum vita producitur, oua parere im<lb></lb>poſſibile fuit. </s> <s id="s.007358">Necſolùm tam minuta, ſed <lb></lb>& maiora animalia è putredine, imò omnia <lb></lb>credendum eſt originem ducere, cùm iam <lb></lb>de muribus conſtet, & prſces in aquis re<lb></lb>centibus ſpontè generentur. </s> <s id="s.007359">Cum enim (vt <lb></lb>dixi) putredo præceſſerit, pingue ſeparatur à <lb></lb>cinere, calórque confeſtim animam infun<lb></lb>dit illi materiæ aptam. </s> <s id="s.007360">Vnde fit vt animalia <lb></lb>omnia, quæ è putri generantur materia, vt <lb></lb>blattæ, vermes, <foreign lang="grc">ὄνοι</foreign> dolores vbique natos ſi <lb></lb>quid aliud finiant: ſunt enim è calidiſſima, <arrow.to.target n="marg1065"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humidiſſimáque materia. </s> <s id="s.007361">Ob id canthari<lb></lb>des ſi id non faciunt, nihil mirum, ex ouis <lb></lb>enim generantur. </s> <s id="s.007362">Attamen & ipſis vires <lb></lb>aliæ pro his adſunt: menſura enim mediocri <lb></lb>tentiginem, & erectionem veretri faciunt <lb></lb>maximam: maiore excoriant veſicam, & ſan<lb></lb>guinis mictum faciunt: maiore adhuc inſa<lb></lb>nos reddunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007363"><margin.target id="marg1065"></margin.target>Animalia <lb></lb>omnia è pu<lb></lb>tri materia <lb></lb>genita cur <lb></lb>finiant dolo<lb></lb>res. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007364">Cantharida<lb></lb>rum varia <lb></lb>vis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007365">Cicendulæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007366">Eadem ratione Cicendulæ, lampytis <lb></lb>apud Græcos, quas Italia mittit muſcarum <lb></lb>magnitudine, exiliores tantò, quantò lon<lb></lb>giores, æſtiuis noctibus volantes ac mican<lb></lb>tes, pedes habentes ſenos, alas duriores muſ<lb></lb>cis, è crabronum enim genere ſunt, viſcera <lb></lb>candidiſſima, exteriore cute polita, adeóque <lb></lb>dum viuit ſplendente: vt in tenebris literas <lb></lb>nonnunquam velut candela ardente adiutus <lb></lb>legerem, ex eruca in crabrones, aut quod <lb></lb>vero ſimilius eſt, è crabronibus in erucas <lb></lb>tranſeunt. </s> <s id="s.007367">Quandoquidem eruca maior eſt <lb></lb>crabrone, minúſque lucet, velut tunc ſenio <lb></lb>conſecta: túncque verò ſimile eſt, oua, non <lb></lb>cum volat, parere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007368">Docet nos animantium genus hoc, li<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1066"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quorum fieri poſſe, qui reluceat in tenebris: <lb></lb>fit autem putreſcentibus his, quæ cando<lb></lb>rem, lucem ac perſpicuitatem ſummam ha<lb></lb>bent. </s> <s id="s.007369">Fieri poſſe non dubito: è quibus & <lb></lb>quomodo, adhuc mihi incertum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007370">Ratio <lb></lb>à pulmone marino tamen ſumenda eſt: hic <lb></lb>enim lignis illitus facit vt nocte ſplendeant <lb></lb>facum inſtar. </s> <s id="s.007371">Cauſa igitur humidum pin<lb></lb>gue, quod nitere facit, & vis luminis in eo <lb></lb>contenta. </s> <s id="s.007372">Quæ enim nitent, & non diu ab <lb></lb>actione caloris cœleſtis receſſerunt, nocte <lb></lb>ſplendent. </s> <s id="s.007373">Talium igitur ratio hæc erit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007374">Vnde quercus cortices, & quæcunque hu<lb></lb>midum pingue, & ſolidum putredine acqui<lb></lb>runt nocte ipſa velut ignis putrefacta lu<lb></lb>cent. </s> <s id="s.007375">Non ſecus ac marcida ligna, & aga<lb></lb>ricus: candida enim ſunt vehementer & <lb></lb>ſicca. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007376"><margin.target id="marg1066"></margin.target>Aqua quæ <lb></lb>in tenebris <lb></lb>ſplendorem <lb></lb>afferat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007377">Pulmo mari<lb></lb>nus nocte <lb></lb>ſplendens.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007378">Cicendula maius miraculum præſtat Co<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1067"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>coyum: animal hoc mittit Hiſpana noui or<lb></lb>bis inſula, è ſcarabeorum genere haud obſ<lb></lb>curè: magnitudo qualis ſcarabeis noſtris, <lb></lb>quos ceruiuos à ceruorum longitudine vo<lb></lb>camus. </s> <s id="s.007379">Volat non minus quàm <expan abbr="Cicẽdula">Cicendula</expan>, lu<lb></lb>cetque corpore, ſed oculis multò magis, <lb></lb>adeò vt candelam referat, ſunt enim præ<lb></lb>grandes pro corporis magnitudine atque <lb></lb>prominentes: legitur, ſcribitur, Indi quo<lb></lb>que eo ſolo lumine conuiuia agere ſolebant, <lb></lb>adeò magnam, & claram lucem in ſe con<lb></lb>tinent, nec in hoc maius miraculum licet, <lb></lb>vel inuenire, vel deſiderare. </s> <s id="s.007380">Extinguitur ſen<lb></lb>ſim illorum marceſcente vita, vt cum illa <lb></lb>etiam lumen pereat totum, adeò vis hæc vi<lb></lb>tali animæ coniungitur: remanet tamen li<lb></lb>quor ille qui reſplendebat in oculis ac ven<lb></lb>tre: quo peruncti, ſeu quòd luminis aliquid <lb></lb>adhuc retineat, ſeu quòd calore ſuo cutem <lb></lb>accendat, cutem ipſam velut prunam reddit <lb></lb>adeò rubicundam ac ſplendidam. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1068"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007381"><margin.target id="marg1067"></margin.target>Cocoyum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007382"><margin.target id="marg1068"></margin.target>Pyrauſta in <lb></lb>igne viuens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007383">Vermes pi<lb></lb>loſi in niue.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007384">Mirabilis eſt & generatio pyrauſtæ, vt <lb></lb>lumen cicendulæ: nam pyrauſtam inter ignes <lb></lb>Cypri, qui ſunt in fornacibus viuere, retulit <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles: vt etiam de vermibus rubris, <lb></lb>piloſiſque in niuibus prodidit. </s> <s id="s.007385">Pyrauſtam in <lb></lb>igne generari, vel alibi genitam in illis du<lb></lb>cere vitam, quod veriſimilius eſt, & credere <lb></lb>oportet, quoniam ignis nihil poteſt gene<lb></lb>rare. </s> <s id="s.007386">Ex recrementis igitur in imo ignis, & <lb></lb>niuium generantur: vtque vermes ſunt ca<lb></lb>lidiſſimi, & ob id frigoris tanti patientes, <lb></lb>ita pyrauſta frigidiſſima. </s> <s id="s.007387">E putredine igitur <lb></lb>humidi ſolidiſſimi metallorum generatur <lb></lb>pyrauſta, in ignis vicina parte, vt non cor<lb></lb>rumpatur humidum ab igne, nec procul na<lb></lb>ta cum adulta fuerit ignis ſit impatiens. </s> <s id="s.007388">Eo<lb></lb>dem quoque modo in niue vermes gene<lb></lb>rantur, collectis vaporibus quibuſdam cali<lb></lb>dis, qui à frigore concluſi putrefaciunt, re<lb></lb>liquum humidi ſecum coacti. </s> <s id="s.007389">Atque eo mo<lb></lb>do fit talium generatio, qui quum in ſum<lb></lb>mo frigore geniti ſint, in eodem quoque <lb></lb>ſeruari nihil mirum, quum tamen nullum <lb></lb>frigus aliquid generet. </s> <s id="s.007390">Nece enim magis in <lb></lb>ſummo frigore quicquam poteſt generari, <lb></lb>vt viuis aut glaciei, quàm in igne. </s> <s id="s.007391">A tempe<lb></lb>rato igitur calore cuncta generari neceſſe eſt: <lb></lb>ſed non omnibus idem eſt temperamentum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007392">Referunt autem in Armeniæ montibus præ-<pb pagenum="515" xlink:href="016/01/164.jpg"></pb>grandes naſci, quos teredines vocant, hi ſub <lb></lb>niuibus geniti, aquam ſuauiſſimam contine<lb></lb>re feruntur: vnde qui eos capiunt, tunica <lb></lb>rupta bibunt. </s> <s id="s.007393">Similiter & in media niue <lb></lb>glebas eſſe concauas membranam continen<lb></lb>tes, in qua aqua potui iucunda latet. </s> <s id="s.007394">Horum <lb></lb>authores Apollonides, & Theophanes, apud <lb></lb>Strabonem. <arrow.to.target n="marg1069"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007395"><margin.target id="marg1069"></margin.target>Ephemerum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007396">Notiſſima quoque apud Ciceronem Ephe<lb></lb>meri hiſtoria, quod animal quaternis pedi<lb></lb>bus, totidem alis naſcitur apud Hippanin <lb></lb>Boſphori fluuium: vitam à mane ad veſpe<lb></lb>ram, vnde illi inditum nomen eſt, ducens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007397">Manè puer, meridie iuuenis, ſenex veſperi, <lb></lb>occidente ſole commoritur: vt multò plus <lb></lb>laboris ac temporis ad generationem, quàm <lb></lb>ad vitæ vſum natura impendiſſe videatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007398">Demirari itaque tantam conditricis ſolici<lb></lb>tudinem licet, & in tam breuis vitæ animali <lb></lb>tot inſtrumenta, tot facultates. </s> <s id="s.007399">Videt, audit, <lb></lb>volat, ambulat. <arrow.to.target n="marg1070"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007400"><margin.target id="marg1070"></margin.target>Culex.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007401">Culicem armauit in noſtram iniuriam: <lb></lb>animal exiguum & frequens, adeò vt vix <lb></lb>iuxta aquas commodè liceat habitare. </s> <s id="s.007402">Ro<lb></lb>buſta promuſcidæ, vt natura elephantem <lb></lb>meditari, dum hoc generat animal videa<lb></lb>tur: terebrat non humanam tantùm carnem, <lb></lb>ſed & equorum pellem, hauriens ſanguinem <lb></lb>acri dolore, denique bombo egregio ſomnos <lb></lb>diſturbat æſtiuis noctibus, vt nihil ſit odio<lb></lb>ſius. </s> <s id="s.007403">Nec obiter ferit, vt muſcæ, quæ paſſim <arrow.to.target n="marg1071"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnes impetunt, ſed deligit, quos feriat, <lb></lb>nam ſolùm ſanguine dulci gaudet. </s> <s id="s.007404">Inuiſa <lb></lb>eſt muſca, ſed reticulis è filo arcetur: timet <lb></lb>enim alas implicare, atque id experimento <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1072"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſatis conſtat. </s> <s id="s.007405">Quæ ratio etiam in culicibus <lb></lb>arcendis obſeruanda erit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007406"><margin.target id="marg1071"></margin.target>Muſcæ omnes <lb></lb>feriunt, culi<lb></lb>ces non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007407"><margin.target id="marg1072"></margin.target>Calices, & <lb></lb>muſcas quo<lb></lb>modo prohi<lb></lb>beamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007408">Formicarum <lb></lb>genera mira <lb></lb>Scorpij alati.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007409">Formicularum genus & ipſum cùm ſeneſ<lb></lb>cit alatum efficitur. </s> <s id="s.007410">Neque mirum, cùm & <lb></lb>in Phrygia ſcorpiones alas habeant. </s> <s id="s.007411">Et nos <lb></lb>quandoque magno timore à ſcorpio alato <lb></lb>tacti ſumus, non tamen pupugit, neque mali <lb></lb>quicquam paſſi ſumus. </s> <s id="s.007412">Fuit autem hoc in <lb></lb>Patauino agro iuxta oppidum Saccenſe, an<lb></lb>no ni fallor 1527. Itaque multa talia & bom<lb></lb>byces (vt dixi) cum formicis ſeneſcentes alas <lb></lb>mittunt: conſolatur enim illorum imbecilli<lb></lb>tatem natura volatu addito. </s> <s id="s.007413">Sed ab editis alis <lb></lb>parum ſuperuiuunt. </s> <s id="s.007414">Ouidius magis admi<lb></lb>rabilem de ipſis transformationem narrat, <lb></lb>dicens: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Concaua littoreo, ſi demas brachia cancro, <lb></lb>Cætera ſupponas terræ, de parte ſepulta <lb></lb>Scorpius exibit, caudáque minabitur vnca.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007415">Videtur autem formicarum genus natura <lb></lb>non neglexiſſe, tunc ob hanc mutationem, <lb></lb>tum ob vitæ longitudinem, tum ob tot illa<lb></lb>rum diuerſa genera, & politiam etiam, quam <lb></lb>ſeruant. </s> <s id="s.007416">Vt verò apes regnum, ita formi<lb></lb>cæ popularem ſtatum cuſtodiunt. </s> <s id="s.007417">Creſcunt <lb></lb>quædam admodum in calidis regionibus, <lb></lb>adeò vt Raſis referat, in Suſide inclyta <lb></lb>vrbe Perſidis regionis, fuiſſe nutritam for<lb></lb>micam publicè, ſiquidem in foro Auiano, <lb></lb>quæ ſingulis diebus libram carnis ederet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007418">Aliæ verò in Iſthmo Sur & Nort occiden<lb></lb>talis Indiæ caſulas adeò duras efficiunt <lb></lb>apum ſimilitudine, vt vix ſecuribus tandem <lb></lb>rumpi queant, atque ſic arboribus perni<lb></lb>ciem afferunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007419">Inter plantarum genera, quæ alis carent, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1073"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>frumentaceæ præſtant, quæ ſi inter furfures <lb></lb>nutriantur, mirum dictu in quantam excreſ<lb></lb>cant multitudinem: vt ex decem in trecen<lb></lb>tas, paucorum dierum interuallo. </s> <s id="s.007420">Aluntur ad <lb></lb>nutriendos melanocephalos, philomenáſque <lb></lb>nec eſt illis hyeme cibus ſalubrior, tonſori<lb></lb>bus pleriſque hanc curam habentibus: pur<lb></lb>gant enim & calefaciunt animalia tenui vi<lb></lb>tæ fomite prædita. </s> <s id="s.007421">Mutantur verò blattarum <lb></lb>quarundam genera non ſecùs ac bombyces <lb></lb>magno naturæ miraculo: neque enim has <lb></lb>neglexiſſe videtur tam multiplici metamor<lb></lb>phoſi. </s> <s id="s.007422">Atque inter reliquas genus eſt eruca<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1074"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum, quod dum in aurelias tranſit, formam <lb></lb>æmulatur infantis faſciis inuoluti facie qui<lb></lb>dem humana propè cum mitra, & cornibus, <lb></lb>aliæ quidem aureo, aliæ argenteo colore, vt <lb></lb>nihil mirum ſit, ſi aliquid in illis ſit egregij, <lb></lb>quod nos lateat. </s> <s id="s.007423">Seu forſan hoc fortuitum <lb></lb>ſit: ſed in tota ſpecie fortuitum eſſe non po<lb></lb>teſt. </s> <s id="s.007424">Eſt autem ſpecies quidem earum, quæ ex <lb></lb>ouis generantur perpetua ſucceſſione, vel ex <lb></lb>putredine tantùm. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007425"><margin.target id="marg1073"></margin.target>Blatta. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007426"><margin.target id="marg1074"></margin.target>Erucarum <lb></lb>quarundam <lb></lb>mirabilis <lb></lb>forma.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007427">Animalium minimaetiam ex hoc genere <lb></lb>ſunt cognitorum Ariſtoteli, Acaris qui in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1075"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cera naſcitur: nunc India occidentalis no<lb></lb>uum aliud genus mittit Garapatem, contri<lb></lb>to ſale tenuius. </s> <s id="s.007428">Sed & è pulicum genere Ni<lb></lb>guam, peſtem quandam atrocem. </s> <s id="s.007429">Minus eſt <lb></lb>multò pulice hoc animal, quòd hærens ho<lb></lb>mini adeò lancinat, dum nec videre poteſt, <lb></lb>nec præhendi, vt pedes quibuſdam, aliis <lb></lb>etiam manus excîdant. </s> <s id="s.007430">Inuentum auxi<lb></lb>lium, ſi locus oleo perungatur, nouaculáque <lb></lb>radatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007431"><margin.target id="marg1075"></margin.target>Aceris mini<lb></lb>mum anima<lb></lb>lium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007432">Garapates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007433">Nigua.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007434">Non contemnenda prorſus harum pe<lb></lb>ſtium noxa eſt, quippe quantò minora ſunt <lb></lb>hæc animalia, eò ſunt frequentiora, & ma<lb></lb>gis tædioſa. </s> <s id="s.007435">Vnde Myuſcij olim Achaiæ po<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1076"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>puli, cùm iuxta mare habitarent, eorúmque <lb></lb>regio illius aſſiduo æſtu repurgaretur, in<lb></lb>fluens Mæander arenam congeſſit, conclu<lb></lb>ſitque paludem: inde copia tanta culicum <lb></lb>emerſit, vt oppidum deſerere coacti ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007436">Nam talia (vt diximus) multitudine, tædió<lb></lb>que ac fœditate omnia inficiunt. </s> <s id="s.007437">Sed culices <lb></lb>præter reliqua etiam infeſtum addunt bom<lb></lb>bum, & truculenter feriunt, adeò vt iuxta <lb></lb>paludes & ſtagna (nam his gaudent culices) <lb></lb>moleſtum ſit admodum die, moleſtiſſimum <lb></lb>verò noctu habitare. </s> <s id="s.007438">Quamobrem veteres <lb></lb>multa aduerſus has infœlicitates ſcripsêre <lb></lb>auxilia. </s> <s id="s.007439">Sed vna primum ratio generalis à <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1077"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tactu, alia ab odore, tertia à guſtu ſumenda <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.007440">A viſu quidem generalis eſſe nequit, ne<lb></lb>que ab auditu, quòd hi ſenſus in his ſint val<lb></lb>de imbecilles. </s> <s id="s.007441">Cùm enim (vt dictum eſt) ſen<lb></lb>ſus omnes his ſint imbecilles, ob generatio<lb></lb>nis tempus breue, & etiam ob corporis pra<lb></lb>uitatem, viſus tamen & auditus, quoniam <lb></lb>minus ad vitam neceſſarij ſunt, vt infrà do<lb></lb>cebimus, ſunt in his omninò hebetes, adeò <lb></lb>vt prudentiſſima animalium, & maximè po<lb></lb>litica, ſcilicet apes & formicæ, quemadmo<lb></lb>dum nuper dictum eſt, vno ſenſu ex his ex to<lb></lb>to priuentur: apes auditn, quòd volantes viſu <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1078"></arrow.to.target><pb pagenum="516" xlink:href="016/01/165.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1079"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>indigerent, & formicæ viſu, quòd terreſtre <lb></lb>animal non adeò viſu indigerent, cornibus <lb></lb>auxiliantibus, quæ illis loco baculi ſunt ad <lb></lb>prætentandam viam, velut & limacibus: hæ <lb></lb>enim ob ſiccam temperiem, illæ ob paruita<lb></lb>tem oculis priuatæ, cornua pro baculo ac<lb></lb>ceperunt vt cæci. </s> <s id="s.007442">Nullum autem animal vo<lb></lb>lans poterat eſſe cæcum, nam adeò ſenſim <lb></lb>animal volare poteſt, quin impingat & ex<lb></lb>cidat, ſi viſu careat: Apibus verò cùm paruæ <lb></lb>eſſent, & oculis indigerent, ſuſtulit auditum, <lb></lb>ne in tam paruo capite ambo ſenſus collo<lb></lb>cati fierent, ob imperfectionem inutiles. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007443">Formicæ igitur cæcæ, apes verò ſurdæ meri<lb></lb>tò fuerunt: retinent tamen forſan vræque <lb></lb>imaginem quandam ſenſus deficientis. </s> <s id="s.007444">Sed <lb></lb>alij tres ſenſus, tametſi imperfecti ſint, ma<lb></lb>gis tamen ob vitæ neceſſitatem vigent. </s> <s id="s.007445">Sunt <lb></lb>autem, vt dixi, guſtus, odoratus, & tactus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007446">Iuxta hos igitur inuenta ratio depellendi <lb></lb>hæc animalia. </s> <s id="s.007447">Tactu quidem metalla refu<lb></lb>giunt, & lapides ob frigus: cùm enim ſint <lb></lb>exanguia, frigida ſunt, & à frigore ob calo<lb></lb>ris inopiam maximè læduntur. </s> <s id="s.007448">Calce illita <lb></lb>cimices necantur, quoniam in parietum fo<lb></lb>raminibus viuunt: ob id inuat lectos à pa<lb></lb>rietibus remouere: viuunt & in libris adeò <lb></lb>ſanguine pleni vt haud dubium ſit natura <lb></lb>non hauſtu tales eſſe: quamobrem ſpiritu <lb></lb>humano maximè eorum generatio conſtat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007449">Ab odore, quoniam omnia refugiunt odo<lb></lb>rem, qui fit animalibus ſui generis exuſtis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007450">Ita locuſtæ fugiunt, docente natura, locuſta<lb></lb>rum nidorem, & formicæ formicarum, cra<lb></lb>brones crabronum. </s> <s id="s.007451">Fugiunt & omnem im<lb></lb>modicè ſiccum odorem, ob ídque cedriam <lb></lb>etiam non exuſtam, & cerui cornu dum cre<lb></lb>matur. </s> <s id="s.007452">Cùm enim ſint ſicca hæc animalia, <lb></lb>vt dixi, à ſiccis vehementer offenduntur. </s> <s id="s.007453">Gu<lb></lb>ſtu verò amara refugiunt, vt abſinthium <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1080"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>abrotonúmque. </s> <s id="s.007454">Et ob id talia in veſtibus <lb></lb>ſparſa, tum folia citrij, & nardi, & ſabina <lb></lb>cedria & duplici ratione, altera quidem <lb></lb>quòd amara ſunt, reliqua quòd ſiccum odo<lb></lb>rem atque vehementem ſpargunt. </s> <s id="s.007455">Eadem <lb></lb>ratione aceti odor culices, & ſimilia pellit, <lb></lb>eſt enim acris: non tamen muſcas, quo<lb></lb>niam (vt dictum eſt) culex dulci magis ma<lb></lb>teria gaudet, nam in aquis & humidioribus <lb></lb>locis gignitur quàm muſca. </s> <s id="s.007456">Ob id referunt, <lb></lb>ſpongiam acri, aceto plenam in medio cu<lb></lb>biculi ſuſpenſam, arcere culices ne cubicu<lb></lb>lum illud ingrediantur. </s> <s id="s.007457">In locis vbi abun<lb></lb>dant, claudunt cubiculi feneſtras antequam <lb></lb>lumen referatur. </s> <s id="s.007458">Nam ad claritatem lucis <lb></lb>hoc animal, vt pleraque talia, accedit liben<lb></lb>ter, adeò vt genus ſit quoddam papilionis, <lb></lb>quod non ceſſat ad lumen toties ac tam pro<lb></lb>pè accedere, donec conſumptis ab igne alis <lb></lb>decidat & moriatur. </s> <s id="s.007459">Vocant hoc genus vul<lb></lb>gari ſermone farfallam: erophon Græcè li<lb></lb>ceat appellare, ſi Latinum nomen non ha<lb></lb>beat. </s> <s id="s.007460">Quæ verò illa arcent, cùm (vt dixi) acria <lb></lb>omnia & amara, peculiari tamen ratione <lb></lb>ſtaphiſagria quaſi dicas vua ſylueſtris, adeò <lb></lb>vt intrita oleo atque filo eo imbuto ſi cir<lb></lb>cundetur capiti, omnes pediculi refugiunt, <lb></lb>aut moriuntur. </s> <s id="s.007461">Culices verò cannabe foren<lb></lb>ſe indita cubiculo. </s> <s id="s.007462">Pilo etiam equino ante <lb></lb>cubiculum ſuſpenſo non ingredi putant: fa<lb></lb>bulæque hoc propius quam præſtigiæ eſſe <lb></lb>videtur In priore genere eſt cucumer agre<lb></lb>ſtis, elleborus niger, maius dracontium & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1081"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>raphanus, cuius ſucco perunctos negant à <lb></lb>ſerpentibus vulnerari. </s> <s id="s.007463">Corij quoque cremati <lb></lb>odor, quo etiam hyſtericæ mulieres reuocari <lb></lb>ſolent, ſerpentes fugat. </s> <s id="s.007464">Referunt, quendam <lb></lb>qui viperam dormiens deuorauerat fumo <lb></lb>corij liberatum, illa refugiente fumum quem <lb></lb>æger ore excipiebat. </s> <s id="s.007465">Certum eſt igne omnes <lb></lb>fugari ſerpentes, & non ſolùm ſerpentes, ſed <lb></lb>ferarum pleraſque. </s> <s id="s.007466">Et quæ ſerpentes fugant, <lb></lb>ea omnia inſecta occîdunt, fugántque. </s> <s id="s.007467">Pu<lb></lb>ſillum tamen ignem & lucem multa inſe<lb></lb>ctorum genera amant, vt muſcæ, culices, pa<lb></lb>piliones: amant & cancri, & mugiles perni<lb></lb>cie ſua. </s> <s id="s.007468">Omnia tamen hæc magnum ignem <lb></lb>timent. </s> <s id="s.007469">Ignis etiam illa occîdit, & oua delet <lb></lb>atque illuuiem qua genus eorum (vt dixi) <lb></lb>reparatur. </s> <s id="s.007470">Quæcunque etiam in hudo latita<lb></lb>re ſolent, ſub ſole celerrimè pereunt. </s> <s id="s.007471">Nuper <lb></lb>cùm menſe Iulio ſcilicet, ſcorpiones in <lb></lb>oleum (quod aduerſus febres parare ſoleo) <lb></lb>immittere vellem, in ſole repoſui, ſtatim è <lb></lb>furfuribus diſcurrere cœperunt: erant autem <lb></lb>circiter decem. </s> <s id="s.007472">Ego exiſtimabam, ipſo calo<lb></lb>re viuidiores factos: verùm momento extin<lb></lb>ctos omnes inueni: vt res miraculo proxima <lb></lb>exiſtimari poſſet, ſi idem in talpis non con<lb></lb>tingeret. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007473"><margin.target id="marg1076"></margin.target>Myuſcij ob <lb></lb>culices oppi<lb></lb>dum deſer<lb></lb>uerunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007474"><margin.target id="marg1077"></margin.target>Inſecta om<lb></lb>nia quomodo <lb></lb>pellantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007475"><margin.target id="marg1078"></margin.target>Apes ſurda. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007476"><margin.target id="marg1079"></margin.target>Formicæ cæ<lb></lb>cæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007477"><margin.target id="marg1080"></margin.target>Panni ne ti<lb></lb>nei, <expan abbr="inſeſtãtur">inſfſtan<lb></lb>tur</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007478"><margin.target id="marg1081"></margin.target>Serpentes <lb></lb>quibus fu<lb></lb>gentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007479">Quædam verò proprietate quadam ea re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1082"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pellunt, vt platanus fertur veſpertiliones: ne<lb></lb>que enim hoc animal ad eam arborem ac<lb></lb>cedere affirmant. </s> <s id="s.007480">Inuentum vtiliſſimum fuit <lb></lb>amurcam olei calci miſcuiſſe ad illiniendas <lb></lb>tabernas pannorum, ne araneæ, blattæve <expan abbr="pã-nos">pan<lb></lb>nos</expan> <expan abbr="infeſtẽt">infeſtent</expan>: <expan abbr="prohibétq;">prohibétque</expan> vdum. </s> <s id="s.007481">Et forſan pro<lb></lb>prietate quadam inſecta omnia arcet amur<lb></lb>ca, aut odore id facit, vel quia vdum prohi<lb></lb>bet illorum originem: ab vdo enim generan<lb></lb>tur, aut ab omnibus his. </s> <s id="s.007482">Quædam verò etiam <lb></lb>de his inferius exponemus, peculiariter qui<lb></lb>dem aduerſus cimices ingratum animal, prę<lb></lb>ter reliqua <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> odore tetro: & aduerſus for<lb></lb>micas. </s> <s id="s.007483">Nunc ſatis ſit de his <expan abbr="ſermonẽ">ſermonem</expan> habuiſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.007484">Adeò verò ante nos non perſpecta ratione <lb></lb>cæcutierunt veteres, vt Plinius neget locu<lb></lb>ſtis oculos eſſe, quaſi nunquam locuſtas vi<lb></lb>derit: conſpicui enim ſunt ac prægrandes: he<lb></lb>beti tamen ſunt viſu, vt diximus. </s> <s id="s.007485">Nos verò <lb></lb>etiamſi locuſtas non vidiſſemus, prouincia<lb></lb>re tutò auſi eſſemus, oculos illas habere, quòd <lb></lb>eſſe <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> poſſit, vt animal volatu <expan abbr="præditũ">præditum</expan> <expan abbr="cæcũ">cæcum</expan> <lb></lb>ſit: imò ſi animali volanti oculos effodias, vo<lb></lb>lare deſinet, ſui periculi memor. </s> <s id="s.007486">Hæc igitur <lb></lb>atque alia demonſtrando intelligere licet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1083"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007487"><margin.target id="marg1082"></margin.target>Veſpertilio <lb></lb>non accedit <lb></lb>ad <expan abbr="platanũ">platanum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007488"><margin.target id="marg1083"></margin.target>Cur quibuſ<lb></lb>dam anima<lb></lb>libus præciſa <lb></lb>membra re<lb></lb>generentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007489">Proprium videtur eſſe animalibus è putre<lb></lb>dine genitis, quòd inſecta ſint, vt pręciſa <expan abbr="mẽ-bra">menm<lb></lb>bra</expan> illis renaſcantur: vt caudæ ſerpentum & <lb></lb>lacertorum, chelæ cancrorum, oculi hirundi<lb></lb>num certè, & vt multi exiſtimant, etiam ſer<lb></lb>pentum. </s> <s id="s.007490">Cauſa huius eſt, quòd imperfecta <lb></lb>ſunt: vnde non hirundinibus, ſed pullis hi<lb></lb>rundinum oculi renaſcuntur, & in fœtibus <lb></lb>etiam perſæpè, dum in vtero ſunt membra <lb></lb>oblæſa reſtaurantur. </s> <s id="s.007491">Medici ob id quòd hu<lb></lb>midiora ſunt, dicerent. </s> <s id="s.007492">Forſan vtraque cauſa <lb></lb>vera dici poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007493">In genere igitur inſecto<lb></lb>rum erunt teſtudines, & crocodili, & cha<lb></lb>mæleontes, & quæcunque quadrupeda <pb pagenum="517" xlink:href="016/01/166.jpg"></pb>ex ouis generantur: non enim hæc neceſſi<lb></lb>tate quadam ex ouis, vt piſces, vel volu<lb></lb>cres (vt inferiùs demonſtrabimus) generan<lb></lb>tur, ſed ob naturæ imperfectionem. </s> <s id="s.007494">Igitur <lb></lb>his ex talibus, membra præciſa reſtauran<lb></lb>tur, ignobilis enim natura oui, & ſeminis <lb></lb>veſtigium vix in his diſcernitur. </s> <s id="s.007495">Porrò hæc <arrow.to.target n="marg1084"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tria naturam habent admirabilem. </s> <s id="s.007496">Primum <lb></lb>igitur de crocodilo dicendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007497">Animal <lb></lb>hoc lacertæ ſimillimum, ſed dentes habet <lb></lb>acerrimos, exteriuſque prominentes, ma<lb></lb>gnóſque, vngues validos, cutim vt corticem <lb></lb>quendam impenetrabilem, caudámque ro<lb></lb>buſtiſſimam. </s> <s id="s.007498">Solus primùm mouet ſuperio<lb></lb>rem mandibulam, inferiorem verò habet <lb></lb>immobilem. </s> <s id="s.007499">Secundum in eo miraculum, <lb></lb>quòd tandiu creſcat, quandiu viuat. </s> <s id="s.007500">Viuit <lb></lb>autem ad annum ſexageſimum, totque den<lb></lb>tes habet, totidémque diebus ex ouo exclu<lb></lb>ditur, totque numero oua parit, vt cum hoc <lb></lb>numero maximè conuenire videatur. </s> <s id="s.007501">Creſcit <lb></lb>autem ex ouo anſerino ſimillimo in longitu<lb></lb>dinem cubitorum 18. quandoque. </s> <s id="s.007502">Quintum <lb></lb>habet præcipuum hoc animal, quòd cùm <lb></lb>terreſtre ſit, vitam agit vt piſcis: ſemper enim <lb></lb>fermè in aquis latitat, maximè autem in <lb></lb>Nilo flumine. </s> <s id="s.007503">Vbi & illud admiratione di<lb></lb>gnum, quòd ſupra Chairum vrbem ſæuiat, <lb></lb>hominéſque occidat, infra autem mitè. </s> <s id="s.007504">Re<lb></lb>ferunt à ſeptingentis annis, quibus Mahu<lb></lb>meti cultores eam regionem obtinent, factos <lb></lb>longè ferociores quàm antea: huiúſque cau<lb></lb>ſam eſſe, quòd in fundamentis templi cu<lb></lb>iuſdam, hi ſtatuam plumbeam crocodili in<lb></lb>uenerunt cum literis Ægyptiis, qua confla<lb></lb>ta crocodilos in poſterum deſæuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.007505">Cicu<lb></lb>rabant autem eos ſacerdotes mirum in mo<lb></lb>dum, cum tamen nullum animal quod in <lb></lb>aquis degat, verè manſueſcat, tum minus <lb></lb>hoc quod crudeliſſimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007506">Libet autem ex <lb></lb>Strabone ipſa verba, de hac re ab Ariſto<lb></lb>tele etiam ac poſteris confirmata, citare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007507">Ea ſunt: In præfectura Arſinoë crocodilus <lb></lb>mirum in modum colitur, & eſt ſacer apud <lb></lb>eos, in lacu quodam nutritus ſeorſum, & <lb></lb>ſacerdotibus manſuetus, & Suchus voca<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.007508">Hoſpes itaque vir inter alios honora<lb></lb>tiſſimus, qui nobis ſacra commonſtrabat, <lb></lb>ad lacum veniens placentulam & carnem <lb></lb>aſſam, & quoddam mulſi vaſculum ex cœ<lb></lb>na attulit. </s> <s id="s.007509">Belluam in ripa lacus inuenimus: <lb></lb>ex ſacerdotibus alius os eius aperuit, alius <lb></lb>bellaria iniecit, inde carnes ac mulſum: il<lb></lb>le in lacum exiliens in vlteriorem partem <lb></lb>traiecit. </s> <s id="s.007510">Hæc tam robuſta tamen ac grandis <lb></lb>bellua Tentyritas ( Ægyptij & hi ſunt ) ti<lb></lb>met ac formidat. </s> <s id="s.007511">Strabo enim inquit poſt <lb></lb>pauca: Cúmque crocodili Romam allati <lb></lb>eſſent vt viderentur, Tentyritæ eos ſeque<lb></lb>bantur. </s> <s id="s.007512">Facta eſt illis piſcina quædam, & <lb></lb>foramen in vno laterum, vt ex aqua in <lb></lb>apricum egredi poſſent: Tentyritæ aderant <lb></lb>qui eos interdum reti educebant ad ſolem, <lb></lb>vt à ſpectatoribus viderentur, interdum in <lb></lb>aquam intrantes eos in piſcinam retrahe<lb></lb>bant. </s> <s id="s.007513">Credendum eſt medicamento dato <lb></lb>ab his crocodillos hebetari: nam paruas <lb></lb>belluas occidunt medicamenta, magnas <lb></lb>prius ſolent hebetare. </s> <s id="s.007514">Igitur in hoc animali <lb></lb>tot taliáque admiratione digna ſpectare li<lb></lb>cet. </s> <s id="s.007515">Viſu extra aquam eſt acutiſſimo, & <lb></lb>cùm non facilè ſe circumuertat, ſi quis fu<lb></lb>giendo obliquè currat, non aſſequitur, aliàs <lb></lb>euadere difficillimum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007516">Deferuntur ad nos <lb></lb>multi mortui, dignoſcuntúrque à lacertis <lb></lb>maioribus qui in India naſcuntur, & quo<lb></lb>rum ſtercus optimè olet, ſeu corpus eo<lb></lb>rum, mandibula inferiore immobili, den<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1085"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tibúſque. </s> <s id="s.007517">Rarior chamæleon, minórque <lb></lb>multo, ſed longè maiore miraculo huic li<lb></lb>bro inſeritur. </s> <s id="s.007518">Referam igitur primùm quæ <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles de ipſo ſcripſit, quem cognouiſ<lb></lb>ſe, diligentérque attrectaſſe, diſſecuiſſe quo<lb></lb>que, ex eius verbis facilè licet deprehende<lb></lb>re: demum quæ ex aliis accepimus, adiicie<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.007519">Sunt autem Ariſtotelis verba hæc: <lb></lb>Chamæleon figurà totius corporis lacertam <lb></lb>planè repræſentat: latera deorſum ducta <lb></lb>ventri iunguntur vt piſcibus, & ſpina mo<lb></lb>do piſcium eminet: roſtrum ſimiæ porca<lb></lb>riæ ſimillimum: cauda prælonga in tenue <lb></lb>deſinens, & longis multiſque lori modo <lb></lb>implicata in ſe orbibus. </s> <s id="s.007520">Elatior eſt à <lb></lb>terra quàm lacerta, crurum inflexus quales <lb></lb>lacertæ. </s> <s id="s.007521">Pedes ſinguli bipartitò ſecantur, <lb></lb>partéſque talem inter ſe habent ſitum, qua<lb></lb>lem pollex digitus ad reliquam manus par<lb></lb>tem obiectam. </s> <s id="s.007522">Sed ipſæ etiam reliquæ partes <lb></lb>paulotenus in digitos quoſdam finduntur, <lb></lb>videlicet anteriores triplici interitus fiſſura, <lb></lb>exterius duplici: poſteriores autem inte<lb></lb>rius duplici, exterius triplici. </s> <s id="s.007523">Vnguiculi <lb></lb>adunci, corpus totum aſperum, vt crocodi<lb></lb>lo. </s> <s id="s.007524">Oculi in receſſu cauo intus recepti, præ<lb></lb>grandes, rotundi, cute ſimili atque reli<lb></lb>quum corpus obducti: media ſui parte per <lb></lb>quàm exigua detecti qua videant. </s> <s id="s.007525">Quæ qui<lb></lb>dem videndi ſedes nunquam cute operitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007526">Nec pupillæ motu, ſed totius oculi conuer<lb></lb>ſione atque in orbem mutatione quoquo <lb></lb>verſus aſpicit quæ velit. </s> <s id="s.007527">Mutat colorem ſuum <lb></lb>inflatus. </s> <s id="s.007528">Verùm niger, non longè crocodilo <lb></lb>diſſimilis, & pallidus vt lacertæ, & maculis <lb></lb>diſtinctus nigris vt pardi. </s> <s id="s.007529">Mutatur autem <lb></lb>color toto in corpore, nam & cauda, & ocu<lb></lb>li concolores fiunt corpori. </s> <s id="s.007530">Motus qualis te<lb></lb>ſtudini tardus, & cum moritur palleſcit, nec <lb></lb>mortuus amplius colorem mutat. </s> <s id="s.007531">Gulam, <lb></lb>arteriámque ſitu eodem habet quo lacerta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007532">Carnem nuſquam, niſi in capite & maxil<lb></lb>lis, & poſtremò caudæ perquàm exiguam <lb></lb>poſſidet. </s> <s id="s.007533">Nec alibi ſanguinem quàm in cor<lb></lb>de & oculis, & loco corde ſuperiore, & ve<lb></lb>nulis hinc tendentibus. </s> <s id="s.007534">Verùm nec in his <lb></lb>copia vlla ſanguinis, ſed pauxillum tantùm <lb></lb>continetur. </s> <s id="s.007535">Cerebrum propè oculos ſuperius <lb></lb>poſitum, ac penè contiguum illis, cingi<lb></lb>tur oculus quodam circulo tenui lucido qua<lb></lb>ſi æneo annulo, qui detracta exteriore ocu<lb></lb>li cui videtur. </s> <s id="s.007536">Membranæ in omnes corporis <lb></lb>partes multæ ac validæ, longæque firmio<lb></lb>res quàm in reliquis animalibus tendunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007537">Diſſectus quamvis totus, diu ſpirare poteſt, <lb></lb>motu perquàm exiguo adhuc circa cordis <lb></lb>ſedem ſeruato. </s> <s id="s.007538">Et cùm omnes corporis partes <lb></lb>contrahit, tum vel maximè coſtas cogere at<lb></lb>que adducere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007539">Lienem conſpicuum <lb></lb>non habet. </s> <s id="s.007540">Subit autem cauernas, & <lb></lb>latitat lacertarum more. </s> <s id="s.007541">Hæc inquam Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteles tam multa, in aliis adeò breuis, ad-<pb pagenum="518" xlink:href="016/01/167.jpg"></pb>ductus magno rei miraculo. </s> <s id="s.007542">Sed qui noſtra <lb></lb>ætate illos viderunt, hæc addunt: Corpus <lb></lb>eius viride fermè eſt cum ſplendore quo<lb></lb>dam, maculis ex albo cæruleóque diſtinctis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007543">Sub ventre tamen dilutior eſt color viridis, <lb></lb>& maculæ ipſæ vbicunque ſunt, clauorum <lb></lb>formam quaſi referunt, cùm rotundæ pau<lb></lb>liſper prominere videantur. </s> <s id="s.007544">Aſpectus eius <lb></lb>admodum alacris eſt, ac lætus, quòd oculi <lb></lb>illius virides, & ex candido luteóque miſti <lb></lb>multam lucem contineant, ideóque hilarior <lb></lb>videtur. </s> <s id="s.007545">Sed cùm ſuprà viridem colorem, <lb></lb>aut album, vel cæruleum ponitur, colos <lb></lb>ſimilis iam natiuus viget, & magis efflo<lb></lb>reſcit, reliquis duobus non mutatis. </s> <s id="s.007546">Sed <lb></lb>quiſque ſuis in partibus ſeruatur. </s> <s id="s.007547">At cùm <lb></lb>ſuper nigrum ponitur colorem, pars viridis <lb></lb>mirum in modum obſcuratur & hebeſcit, <lb></lb>maculæque mutantur. </s> <s id="s.007548">Idem etiam ei abſ<lb></lb>que coloribus contingit: vexatus enim aut <lb></lb>detentus vi, maculas in nigrum commutat, <lb></lb>& viridis color obſcuratur. </s> <s id="s.007549">Idem lætus & <lb></lb>alacris ſpontè colores natiuos ingeminat & <lb></lb>accendit: adeò vt non obſcurum ſit hanc co<lb></lb>lorum mutationem illi contingere ob animi <lb></lb>affectus. </s> <s id="s.007550">Conuerſus ad ſolem, illius radios <lb></lb>hianti ore excipit, & aërem deuorat. </s> <s id="s.007551">Nam <lb></lb>ſenſim primò turget collum, inde partes re<lb></lb>liquæ, donec aëre ad ventris imum deſcen<lb></lb>dente pars etiam illa intumeat. </s> <s id="s.007552">Naſcitur in <lb></lb>Soquotra inſula orientalis Indiæ. </s> <s id="s.007553">Cæterùm <lb></lb>quòd aërem deuoret, Ariſtoteles in verbis <lb></lb>ſuprà ſcriptis teſtatur, ſed quòd nullo alio <lb></lb>vtatur nutrimento, non dixit. </s> <s id="s.007554">At igitur <lb></lb>verum non eſt, aut hoc non nouit. </s> <s id="s.007555">Quidam <lb></lb>conſtanter affirmant veſci cibo, non aëre, <lb></lb>quòd egerat. </s> <s id="s.007556">Dicet forſan quiſpiam: Quor<lb></lb>ſum quæ ab Ariſtotele ſcripta ſunt, tot <lb></lb>verbis in hunc transferre librum? </s> <s id="s.007557">At no<lb></lb>ſtri propoſiti eſt, cauſas rerum obſcuriſſi<lb></lb>marum reddere quare niſi tanti viri teſti<lb></lb>monio effectus fides corroboraretur, vana <lb></lb>eſſet diſputatio. </s> <s id="s.007558">Cur igitur hoc animal co<lb></lb>lorem mutet, & cur abſque cibo viuere <lb></lb>poſſit, demonſtrandum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007559">At non ſine ci<lb></lb>bo viuit, dices. </s> <s id="s.007560">Non contendo: ſed diu vi<lb></lb>uere multa animalia abſque cibo, vt vrſo, <lb></lb>buffones, ſerpentéſque, omnibus comper<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007561">Videntur quoque cicadæ ſic viuere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007562">Quot igitur modis animal abſque cibo viue<lb></lb>re poſſit ſi edocuero, operæpretium facturum <lb></lb>me arbitror. </s> <s id="s.007563">Sed prius altera quæſtio diſſol<lb></lb>uenda erit. </s> <s id="s.007564">Proponitur igitur hoc nobis, <lb></lb>cur chamæleon colores ſuos mutet? </s> <s id="s.007565">non <lb></lb>quidem latet quenquam homines in ira fie<lb></lb>ri rubicundiores, & quaſi nigreſcere, in ti<lb></lb>more autem paleſcere, adeò vt quidam <lb></lb>mortuis ſimiles eſſe videantur. </s> <s id="s.007566">In verecun<lb></lb>dia autem totus ſanguis concutitur, it, re<lb></lb>ditque calor, & maximè in pueris, quod tuus <lb></lb>inquam Poëta Mantuantus docuit pulchrè, <lb></lb>dicens: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>At ſi virgineum ſuffuderit ore ruborem.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007567"><margin.target id="marg1084"></margin.target>Crocodilli <lb></lb>hiſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007568"><margin.target id="marg1085"></margin.target>Chamæleon.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007569">Itaque vbi tenuis cutis ſit atque ſanguis <lb></lb>ipſe facilè moueatur ſuffundi, diuerſum co<lb></lb>lorem neceſſe eſt: taliſque mutatio in prima <lb></lb>hominum ætate videtur, & eò frequentior, <lb></lb>quò humor tenuior extiterit. </s> <s id="s.007570">Vbi igitur cu<lb></lb>tis tenuis ac perſpicua, & humor tenuis, <lb></lb>ibi ſi affectus multum poſſint, nec adſint pi<lb></lb>li coloris mutationem fieri neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.007571">At <lb></lb>hæc omnia in chamæleonte ſunt, cutis per<lb></lb>ſpicua, ac tenuis, humor tenuis, pili nulli, & <lb></lb>affectibus magnis, vt timori ac triſtitiæ, ſub<lb></lb>iicitur: eſt enim animal pauci admodum ſan<lb></lb>guinis, & ob id natura timidum, & ea cauſa <lb></lb>etiam ex lætitia in mœrorem facillimè tran<lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.007572">Itaque nihil mirum ab affectibus cha<lb></lb>mæleontem immutari. </s> <s id="s.007573">At dicet quiſpiam: <lb></lb>Non ex affectibus ſolùm, ſed etiam ex colo<lb></lb>ris præſentia mutatur, atque in ſimilem co<lb></lb>lori præſenti. </s> <s id="s.007574">Verùm (vt dictum eſt) non in <lb></lb>omnem colorem mutatur, ſed ea tantùm ra<lb></lb>tione quæ dicta eſt. </s> <s id="s.007575">Fingamus igitur adeſſe <lb></lb>album colorem, dum illum videt pars ea quæ <lb></lb>alba eſt accenditur, atque ſic colorem inge<lb></lb>minat. </s> <s id="s.007576">Videmus enim in hominibus, ſi mu<lb></lb>lierem quam amant, mente conceperint, eri<lb></lb>gitur membrum virile, aliis omnibus parti<lb></lb>bus penitus immutatis. </s> <s id="s.007577">Si rem <expan abbr="formidolosã">formidolosam</expan>, <lb></lb>cor ilicò palpitat, non pes, virile membrum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007578">Itaque idem contingit in chamæleonte: par<lb></lb>tes enim colori ſimiles humorem aqueum, <lb></lb>& clarum ad ſe trahunt, vnde omnes colores <lb></lb>illuſtrantur. </s> <s id="s.007579">Exemplum cape ab aurifabris: <lb></lb>carbunculis, ſmaragdiſque ac ſapphiris ar<lb></lb>genteas ſupponunt bracteas, & tamen om<lb></lb>nes illuſtrantur, colorémque ſuum ſplendi<lb></lb>diorem reddunt gemmæ. </s> <s id="s.007580">Accedit his omni<lb></lb>bus diuerſitas aſpectus lucis, quæ ob cutis <lb></lb>nitorem fit, velut in columbæ collo: ex mo<lb></lb>dica enim conuerfione ſplendorem diuerſo <lb></lb>modo excipit. </s> <s id="s.007581">Plurimùm tamen ad hoc facit <lb></lb>aëris copia qua turget: nam & in galli pauo<lb></lb>rum Indorum ingluuie (qui adeò cucullæ co<lb></lb>lores mutant in album, rubrum phœniceum, <lb></lb>aliis etiam maculis intermicantibus) tantus <lb></lb>flatus continetur vt inflata tympana eſſe di<lb></lb>ceres. </s> <s id="s.007582">Ita hæc duo animalia & flatu turgent, <lb></lb>& magnis affectibus torquentur, & perſpi<lb></lb>cuè colores mutant. </s> <s id="s.007583">Potior igitur cauſa in <lb></lb>qua conueniunt, flatus ſcilicet contentus, at<lb></lb>que ex eo diſtentio quædam. </s> <s id="s.007584">Sed cur abſque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1086"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cibo viuat, alia quærenda ratio: nam (vt di<lb></lb>xi) cicadæ, auctore Ariſtotele, etiam abſque <lb></lb>cibo viuunt. </s> <s id="s.007585">Indicio etiam eſt quòd ore ca<lb></lb>rent, & diſſectæ: nihil in ventre habent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007586">Illudque magis mirum, quia totis diebus ple<lb></lb>ræque ex his ſtrepunt, & oua pariunt, & au<lb></lb>gentur, & cortice ſunt duro, & coëunt, quæ <lb></lb>omnia ſunt opera alimenti. </s> <s id="s.007587">Olim cicadæ an<lb></lb>tequam exurent corticem tettigometram, <lb></lb>ſuaues cùm eſſent, edebantur, & ſimiliter <lb></lb>oua illarum Ariſtotele teſte. </s> <s id="s.007588">Cicada enim <lb></lb>primò vermis eſt ex ouo natus, inde tettigo<lb></lb>metra, vltimò cortice exuto cicada, tuncque <lb></lb>durior eſt. </s> <s id="s.007589">Oua candida ſunt, & valde ſuauia <lb></lb>guſtu. </s> <s id="s.007590">Manifeſtum eſt igitur eas nutriri, & <lb></lb>abſque cibo potúve. </s> <s id="s.007591">Nam & temporibus <lb></lb>ſiccis, & calidis regionibus, abſque pluuia vi<lb></lb>gent, & oliuam diligunt ob vmbræ paruita<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.007592">Nutriuntur igitur è cœli rore: nam ex <lb></lb>rore manna fit, qua populus Hebræus nutri<lb></lb>tus eſt in deſerto. </s> <s id="s.007593">Et nunc etiam nutriri ho<lb></lb>mines manna perſpicuum eſt, quantò magis <lb></lb>tam exili animali nutrimentum eſſe poterit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007594">Nutriuntur igitur è rore, vel etiam ex aëre <lb></lb>ipſo: nam aër humidum quiddam <expan abbr="corpulentũ">corpulentum</expan> <lb></lb>ſemper continet. </s> <s id="s.007595">Indicio ſunt lapides è ſili<lb></lb>cum, vel marmorum genere, qui ſemper ma-<pb pagenum="519" xlink:href="016/01/168.jpg"></pb>dent, & radij Solis. </s> <s id="s.007596">Igitur cùm calor tenuiſ<lb></lb>ſimus fuerit, colligitur hic humor, qui aliàs <lb></lb>digeritur, collectus concoquitur, eſt enim <lb></lb>pinguis. </s> <s id="s.007597">Indicio eſt dulcedo mannæ. </s> <s id="s.007598">Viue<lb></lb>re autem cibo copioſius aſſumpto conuenit <lb></lb>& ſerpentibus ( vt dictum eſt ) & buffoni<lb></lb>bus, & vrſis, & muribus auellaneis, atque <lb></lb>omnibus his animalibus, quæ hyeme cùm <lb></lb>lateant, nihil habent reconditum. </s> <s id="s.007599">Duplici <lb></lb>igitur ratione animal abſque cibo, & potu <lb></lb>viuere ſemper poteſt: aut quia voracitatis <lb></lb>priſtinæ reliquias ſeruet, aut quia aëre qua<lb></lb>licunque nos vtimur. nutriatur. </s> <s id="s.007600">Atque hoc <lb></lb>perpetuum, illud verò ad <expan abbr="tẽpus">tempus</expan>, vt dici ſolet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007601">Quandoque verò hæ cauſæ iunguntur, vt <lb></lb>quidam homines diu ſine cibo vixerint: de <lb></lb>his autem hiſtoria ſuo loco recitanda erit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007602">Quamobrem demiror quoſdam qui adeò <lb></lb>anxiè illud euertere conati ſunt, quod de <lb></lb>chamæleonte dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007603">Nam etſi cha<lb></lb>mæleon ſine cibo non viueret, viuere <lb></lb>tamen poſſet, quandoquidem cicadæ ſi<lb></lb>militer viuunt. </s> <s id="s.007604">At non viuit? </s> <s id="s.007605">Certè hæc, <lb></lb>vt iuriſconſulti dicunt, quæſtio facti eſt, <lb></lb>quæ non diſputat an fieri poſſit, ſed an ita <lb></lb>ſit: atque in hoc credendum forſan hiſto<lb></lb>riæ eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1087"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007606"><margin.target id="marg1086"></margin.target>Animal abſ<lb></lb>que cibo quo<lb></lb>modo viuere <lb></lb>poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007607">Cicadarum <lb></lb>hiſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007608"><margin.target id="marg1087"></margin.target>Teſtudo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007609">His igitur demonſtratis, ſupereſt vt <lb></lb>oſtendamus teſtudinis miracula: namque <lb></lb>primùm hoc animal abſciſſo capite per diem <lb></lb>integram viuit, nec vllum aliud animal tan<lb></lb>diu. </s> <s id="s.007610">Idem execto etiam corde, vt etiam te<lb></lb>ſtatur Ariſtotele, cùm tamen ſine ſanguine <lb></lb>ſit, diu tamen viuit. </s> <s id="s.007611">Triplex genus earum: <lb></lb>terreſtre, quod in lucis: aquaticum, quod <lb></lb>in mari: & paluſtre, quod in paludibus naſ<lb></lb>citur. </s> <s id="s.007612">Marinæ pedum loco totidem habent <lb></lb>latas cartilagines: adeò natura pro vſu vni<lb></lb>cuique membra apta fabricauit. </s> <s id="s.007613">Creſcunt <lb></lb>in immenſum marinæ atque aliæ in regioni<lb></lb>bus calidis, vt in Africa. </s> <s id="s.007614">Humidum enim <lb></lb>pingue (vt declaratum eſt) in calidis regio<lb></lb>nibus multum extenditur: vnde teſtudines, <lb></lb>piſces, ſerpentes, elephantes, omnia hæc in <lb></lb>immenſum angentur. </s> <s id="s.007615">Oceanus Indiæ occi<lb></lb>dentalis maximas mittit, adeò vt ſeni homi<lb></lb>nes vnam vix deferre poſſint. </s> <s id="s.007616">Harum vnam <lb></lb>vidi Patauij, quæ & ibi mortua eſt: ſed illa <lb></lb>ſcutum tantùm æquabat. </s> <s id="s.007617">Vidiſſe quidam af<lb></lb>firmant corticem ponderis librarum centum <lb></lb>& trium: tu modò cogita quanta tota eſſe <lb></lb>debuerit. </s> <s id="s.007618">Adeò cortices magnos eſſe con<lb></lb>ſtat, vt minoribus Indi pro ſcutis vtantur, <lb></lb>maioribus integant domos. </s> <s id="s.007619">Olim apud Ro<lb></lb>manos in pretio erant tegmina teſtudinum <lb></lb>Indicarum, quæ diſſecta in fruſta digerebant <lb></lb>in tabulas varij vſus, limbis ex ebore at<lb></lb>que auro additis: quæ ars adhuc in vſum <lb></lb>reuocari poſſet. </s> <s id="s.007620">Africanarum caro ſeptem <lb></lb>diebus continuis ſumpta cum pane, elephan<lb></lb>tiaſim eius qui non plus ſeptem annis eo <lb></lb>morbo laborauerit, magno miraculo curare <lb></lb>creditur. </s> <s id="s.007621">Cuius rei cauſa eſt, ſiccitas earum <lb></lb>carnium cum robore & temperamento hu<lb></lb>midi tenuis ac bene pinguis. </s> <s id="s.007622">Noſtrarum ve<lb></lb>rò teſtudinum albumina igne cocta non <lb></lb>concreſcunt, quamobrem illa parum terrea <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt eſſe: quæcunque enim terrea ſunt, <lb></lb>vt lateres & gypſum, concreſcere manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007623">Vita earum creditur eſſe diutur<lb></lb>na, ſed de hoc nihil certi afferre poſſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007624">Illud veriſſimum eſt, huic animali prægran<lb></lb>de eſſe iecur, & ſolam inter ouipara habe<lb></lb>re veſicam. </s> <s id="s.007625">Quamobrem quiſpiam meritò <lb></lb>dubitabit, cur tot miracula in his imperfe<lb></lb>ctis animalibus ſint, tam pauca in plantis & <lb></lb>perfectis animalibus? </s> <s id="s.007626">Cauſa duplex eſt: al<lb></lb>tera, quòd primùm in his defectus mira<lb></lb>culi loco ſunt: plura enim ex his monſtrifica, <lb></lb>vt declaratum eſt: reliqua, quòd hæc anima<lb></lb>lia non in ſucco conueniunt vt perfecta, per<lb></lb>fectorum enim omnium vnus eſt ſuccus, ſci<lb></lb>licet ſanguis: at hæc ſingula ſuum habent <lb></lb>ſuccum, atque ideo ſingula etiam proprias <lb></lb>& peculiares vires, quæ cùm toti generi non <lb></lb>conueniunt, mirabiles videntur: ſemper <lb></lb>enim raritas admirationem parit. </s> <s id="s.007627">Frequen<lb></lb>tia facit, vt naturale videatur. </s> <s id="s.007628">Adeò verò <lb></lb>videtur hos ſuos proprios partus dilexiſſe <lb></lb>natura, vt ſuauiſſimos è piſcium genere, ſine <lb></lb>ſemine, & ſine <expan abbr="parẽte">parente</expan> naſci voluerit, vt mu<lb></lb>ſtelas de quibus dictum eſt, & anguillas. </s> <s id="s.007629"><expan abbr="Solũ">Solum</expan> <arrow.to.target n="marg1088"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hoc animal inter ſanguinea ex putredine <lb></lb>gignitur, cui nullus ſexus eſt, nec etiam ge<lb></lb>nerationis initium: & diu viuit ſine aqua, <lb></lb>etiam ad quinos, vel ſex dies, quoniam par<lb></lb>ua refrigeratione indiget, & tenui gaudet <lb></lb>aqua. </s> <s id="s.007630">Aër autem <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dictum eſt ) aquæ te<lb></lb>nuioris ſemper partem aliquam continet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007631">Generari creditur ex muſtellis, quas terræ <lb></lb>inteſtina vocant: & certè ſimilitudo magna <lb></lb>eſt inter eas, & coniectura euidens, quòd ne<lb></lb>que origo alia anguillarum, nec finis alius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1089"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>muſtelarum inuenitur. </s> <s id="s.007632">Sed tamen muſtelas <lb></lb>bilibres ſæpe Lugduni comedimus atque <lb></lb>maiores: ſed non ex paruarum noſtrarum <lb></lb>Italicarum genere, noſtræ enim rotundio<lb></lb>res ſunt, neque ad eam magnitudinem per<lb></lb>ueniunt, neque in aqua, ſed limo degunt, ni<lb></lb>grioréſque ſunt Gallicarum guſtus anguillis <lb></lb>ſuauitate inferior. </s> <s id="s.007633">Commune eſt vtrique ge<lb></lb>neri, oſſibus penitus carere: nam pro ſpina <lb></lb>nerueam membranam rotundam habent fu<lb></lb>nis inſtar. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007634"><margin.target id="marg1088"></margin.target>Anguilla. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007635"><margin.target id="marg1089"></margin.target>Muſtelæ <lb></lb>piſces.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007636">Multis ob raritatem in Italia meliores <lb></lb>magnæ muſtelæ videntur anguillis. </s> <s id="s.007637">Rho<lb></lb>danus fluuius & Ligeris verno tempore plu<lb></lb>rimas afferunt. </s> <s id="s.007638">Ita in omni genere natura <lb></lb>luſit, & ſumma infimis, & infima ſupre<lb></lb>mis coæquauit: nam & in tam vili gene<lb></lb>re mortuorum, reſurrectionis exemplum non <lb></lb>de eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007639">Etenim muſcas & apuas reuiuiſcere cre<lb></lb>ditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007640">De muſcis mirum, de apuis non valde ſo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1090"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>licitor: è putri enim fimo adeò facilè gene<lb></lb>rantur, & colluuie multorum aliorum piſ<lb></lb>cium, vt nihil mirum ſit, è ſeipſis putridis <lb></lb>integras alias generari. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007641"><margin.target id="marg1090"></margin.target>Apud.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007642">Multa ſunt in his mirabilia, ſed alia & <lb></lb>maiora ſuccedens ætas oſtendet: nobis ſatis <lb></lb>ſit attigiſſe præcipua, totámque hiſtoriam <lb></lb>per capita, cauſas connectens, vt ex his <lb></lb>ad reliqua quæ hîc præmittuntur, quæ ſi <lb></lb>ſpeciatim enumerare voluero, infinita fu<lb></lb>tura ſunt, tranſire liceat: ſciréque quid <lb></lb>verum ſit, quid abſurdum, quidve eſſe <lb></lb>poſſit, & quid non, fabulam ab hiſtoria <lb></lb>diſcernere, quod præſentis proprium inſti<lb></lb>tuti eſt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="520" xlink:href="016/01/169.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007643">Solùm id forſan admiratione dignum vi<lb></lb>deri poterit multis, cur natura his quidem <lb></lb>nullius propemodum vſus, multa & præ<lb></lb>clara dederit ad ſe tuendum auxilia, aliis <lb></lb>autem fermè nulla: vt chamæleonti qui<lb></lb>dem, cuius nomen leonem humilem ſeu <lb></lb>terrenum ſonat, non dentes, non curſum, <lb></lb>non robur, non vngues: crocodilo tam im<lb></lb>mani feræ aciem videndi acrem, peracutos <lb></lb>& validos vngues, & dentes truculentos, <lb></lb>celeritatem tantam, vt etiam canes minus <lb></lb>generoſos aſſequatur: vnde etiam ratum <lb></lb>adagium: ſicut canis ad Nilum bibit & fu<lb></lb>git: corium impenetrabile, caudæ tantum <lb></lb>roboris vt nauigia parua euertat, crura <lb></lb>equorum omnia vno ictu atterat, vt nihil <lb></lb>amplius ad illius ſalutem videatur excogi<lb></lb>tari poſſe. </s> <s id="s.007644">Illud demum addidit, quod ma<lb></lb>ximum eſt, vt ſcilicet in vtroque viueret <lb></lb>elemento abſque diſcrimine, quod priuile<lb></lb>gium nulli alij animali tam liberè conceſ<lb></lb>ſum eſt: vt ſi vis aliqua in terris eum oppri<lb></lb>mat, tutus ſit in aquis: & ſi in aquis à poten<lb></lb>tiore infeſtetur, ſecurè ad terram ſe recipiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007645">Verum forſan hoc animal inter perfecta nu<lb></lb>merari debet, & vt elephas inter quadrupe<lb></lb>da, aquila inter aues, aut ſit quid melius <lb></lb>aquila eſt, cete inter piſces, homo inter vni<lb></lb>uerſa animalia: inter ſerpentes (ni fabuloſum <lb></lb>ſit ) regulus, ita inter amphibia crocodilus <lb></lb>eminet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007646">In vniuſcuiuſque autem generis coryphæo <lb></lb>natura conatum quendam effecit. </s> <s id="s.007647">Neque ex <lb></lb>ouo generatur crocodilus ob ignobilitatem, <lb></lb>vt erucæ araneique ac lacertæ, ſed vt aues, ob <lb></lb>commodum: de his autem ſequenti libro <lb></lb>tractabimus, quare ad reliquum diuiſionis <lb></lb>membrum tranſeamus. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.169.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/169/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007648"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007649"><emph type="center"></emph>De Perfectis Animalibus.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007650">ANIMALIVM perfectorum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1091"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quædam in ſolo habitare aë<lb></lb>re, pedibúſque carent, ta<lb></lb>metſi hæc Ariſtoteles non co<lb></lb>gnouerit, vt Manucodiata: <lb></lb>alia in aëre & terra, vt aquila, & pleræ<lb></lb>que aliæ aues: alia terreſtria, ſed aui<lb></lb>bus ſimilia, vt ſtruthio camelus: alia aquæ <lb></lb>terræque communia, vt fiber: alia aues, <lb></lb>natantes, vt olores: alia piſces volan<lb></lb>tes, vt marinæ hirundines: alia purè ter<lb></lb>reſtria, vt canis, alia ſub terra habitant, vt <lb></lb>talpa: alia in aquis ſolùm degunt, vt dephin. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007651"><margin.target id="marg1091"></margin.target>Animalia <lb></lb>perfecta no<lb></lb>biliora <expan abbr="nouẽ">nouem</expan> <lb></lb>differentiis <lb></lb>comprehen<lb></lb>duntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007652">Nec noſtri inſtituti eſt, omnes differen<lb></lb>tias, ſed tantùm genera hæc nouem, <lb></lb>contentáſque ſub illis nobiliores ſpecies <lb></lb>attingere. </s> <s id="s.007653">Eſt verò alia diuiſio iuxta mo<lb></lb>res, alia iuxta viuendi rationem, alia iux<lb></lb>ta generationis modum. </s> <s id="s.007654">Iuxta mores, quo<lb></lb>niam alia fera, alia manſueta, alia cicu<lb></lb>ra, alia agreſtia. </s> <s id="s.007655">Iuxta viuendi rationem, <lb></lb>alia carne viuunt, alia autem plantis ac <lb></lb>eiuſcemodi. </s> <s id="s.007656">Verùm iuxta generationis mo<lb></lb>dum, alia ex ouis, alia ex putredine, <lb></lb>alia ex animalibus generantur. </s> <s id="s.007657">Ex ouis <lb></lb>autem quadrifariàm, aues, piſces, ſer<lb></lb>pentes, & inſecta quædam vilia, vt bom<lb></lb>byces, cicadæ, erucæ. </s> <s id="s.007658">Demonſtranda ſunt <lb></lb>igitur primò tria. </s> <s id="s.007659">Vnum eſt, cur aues cùm <lb></lb>ſint animalia perfecta, ex ouis omnes gene<lb></lb>rentur. </s> <s id="s.007660">Secundò, cur piſces: tertiò, quare quæ <lb></lb>imperfecta ſunt, animal generare nequeant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1092"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007661"><margin.target id="marg1092"></margin.target>Cur aues om<lb></lb>nes ex ouis <lb></lb>generentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007662">Primùm igitur ratione magna factum vi<lb></lb>detur: nam aut paucos pullos, aut multas <lb></lb>aues generare neceſſarium erat. </s> <s id="s.007663">Paruæ ſi <lb></lb>paucos generaſſent, breui genus illarum <lb></lb>periiſſet, quoniam aues paruæ à magnis de<lb></lb>uorantur, & retibus capiuntur, & à ſer<lb></lb>pentibus antequam volare poſſint, rapiuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007664">Interdum oua abſumuntur, pereunt fame, <lb></lb>frigore, milléque aliis incommodis. </s> <s id="s.007665">Omnes <lb></lb>igitur paruæ aues, imò omnia animalia par<lb></lb>ua, multos generant pullos ſeu catulos. </s> <s id="s.007666">Ma<lb></lb>gnæ magnos pullos generant: ob id, ſi magnę <lb></lb>aues magnos fœtus in ventre geſtarent, ma<lb></lb>gno & diuturno pondere fatigarentur, aut <lb></lb>breui pullum abſolui neceſſe eſſet, atque ſic <lb></lb>aues non perfecta, ſed imperfecta animalia <lb></lb>neceſſariò eſſent. </s> <s id="s.007667">Rurſus in paruis, ſi omnes <lb></lb>ſimul fœtus mater in ventre geſtaret, immo<lb></lb>dico grauaretur pondere: ſi vnum poſt alium, <lb></lb>toto anno implicita eſſent in alendis geren<lb></lb>diſque pullis: adde, quòd in tempora anni <lb></lb>grauia incideret, eſſétque obnoxia, feris, & <lb></lb>auibus rapacibus. </s> <s id="s.007668">Non igitur fieri potuit, vt <lb></lb>aues ex auibus, vt ex belluis belluæ, procrea<lb></lb>rentur. </s> <s id="s.007669">Sed dum ex ouo prodeunt pulli, qua<lb></lb>druplex commodum conſequitur. </s> <s id="s.007670">Nam mas <lb></lb>toto anno coire non cogitur: coitus autem <lb></lb>maximè auium generi inimiciſſimus, ob ſic<lb></lb>citatem: vnde paſſer non vltra biennium vi<lb></lb>uit. </s> <s id="s.007671">Breui etiam mater à pondere liberatur, <lb></lb>nam ouum vna die ex paruo ad integram per<lb></lb>uenit magnitudinem, vel ad ſummum in duo<lb></lb>bus diebus: quod manifeſtum eſt diſſecanti<lb></lb>bus gallinas, quæ ſingulo die ouum parere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007672">ſolent. </s> <s id="s.007673">Nam vnum ouum magnum videbis, <lb></lb>alterum mediocre, ſcilicet quod perendie edi<lb></lb>tura erat, reliqua multitudo granis ſorgi ſeu <lb></lb>milicæ perſimilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.007674">Oua autem edita pri<lb></lb>mùm abſque incommodo diu ab aue fota, <lb></lb>animal perfectum gignere poſſunt: & plura <lb></lb>ſimul fouentur, ita vt quod in quatuor, aut <lb></lb>ſex menſibus pullos in vtero geſtando vix <lb></lb>perficeretur, in ouis vno menſe abſoluitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007675"><expan abbr="Manifeſtũ">Manifeſtum</expan> eſt igitur cur aues non pullos, ſed <lb></lb>oua pariant. </s> <s id="s.007676">Quædam tamen animal, vt veſ<arrow.to.target n="marg1093"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pertilio: hęc enim ſola inter volucres animal, <pb pagenum="521" xlink:href="016/01/170.jpg"></pb>non ouum, parit: quoniam parùm volat, <lb></lb>tota enim hyeme latet reliquis anni parti<lb></lb>bus, non niſi ſub crepuſculo: dentes habet <lb></lb>non roſtrum, mammas cum lacte quibus <lb></lb>filios nutriat, & alas membrana quadam <lb></lb>contextas, non pennis. </s> <s id="s.007677">Sed & hoc vulpe<lb></lb>culæ commune eſt inter volucres. </s> <s id="s.007678">At hæ <lb></lb>aues non ſunt, licet volent: quæ enim <lb></lb>aues ſunt, pluma integuntur, roſtrum ha<lb></lb>bent non dentes, veſica & mammis ac lacte <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1094"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>carent: & ouum pariunt. </s> <s id="s.007679">Oua autem auium <lb></lb>bicolora ſunt, piſcium autem vnius tantùm <lb></lb>locoris. </s> <s id="s.007680">Piſces verò imperfecta <expan abbr="edũt">edunt</expan> oua, quæ <lb></lb>exteriùs perficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.007681">Cauſa imperfectio<lb></lb>nis ouorum, & vnitatis coloris, & quòd <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1095"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>piſces ex ouis plerique generentur, eſt mul<lb></lb>titudo illorum: nam tot animalia: quot <lb></lb>oua parere piſcis non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007682">Gignit etiam <lb></lb>piſcis oua, quia animal ſi generaretur in <lb></lb>vtero, ex ſanguine generaretur, eſſétque <lb></lb>piſcis ſanguineus & calidus, quare pulmo<lb></lb>ne indigeret & aëre, non igitur eſſet piſ<lb></lb>cis. </s> <s id="s.007683">Ob hoc vitulus marinus cùm animal <lb></lb>non ouum generet, etiam reſpirat, & cu<lb></lb>tem piloſam habet, propter caliditatem. </s> <s id="s.007684">In <lb></lb>elemento etiam tam frigido difficile eſſet <lb></lb>tantam caliditatem ſeruari, ex qua poſſet <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1096"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>animal generari perfectum. </s> <s id="s.007685">Cauſa verò <lb></lb>multitudinis piſcium eſt elementi facilitas, <lb></lb>aqua enim generationis principium. </s> <s id="s.007686">Et <lb></lb>quia eſca ſunt parui piſces maiorum: non <lb></lb>enim ibi tot ſunt plantæ, grana, fructus, <lb></lb>quibus piſces veſci poſſint, ſicut in terra: <lb></lb>ſed idem fermè cibus & animal: ex ani<lb></lb>malibus enim fermè alimentum: de ma<lb></lb>ioribus dico. </s> <s id="s.007687">Piſces etiam parui ſunt ſen<lb></lb>ſus, & animalia cognitione carentia, vn<lb></lb>de fœtus negligi à parentibus neceſſe erat: <lb></lb>ob idque maiorem illorum partem perire, <lb></lb>quamobrem multa generatione opus fuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007688">Animalia enim pro ſenſus magnitudine & <lb></lb>prudentiæ, fœtum ſuum diligunt atque cu<lb></lb>ſtodiunt: ſiquidem cuſtodia fit propter di<lb></lb>lectionem, dilectio à cognitione oritur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007689">Quamobrem quæ imperfecta ſunt valde, <lb></lb>curam fœtus ſolùm gerunt, donec in <lb></lb>vtero eos continent. </s> <s id="s.007690">Quæ perfectiora, do<lb></lb>nec in lucem ex ouo prodierint: oua enim <lb></lb>cuſtodiunt, natum animal negligunt. </s> <s id="s.007691">Quæ <lb></lb>verò perfecta, donec robuſta ſint, vt ca<lb></lb>nes, & aquilæ, & corui. </s> <s id="s.007692">Sed perfectiſſima, <lb></lb>vt homo & elephas, perpetuò fermè natos <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1097"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuos diligunt. </s> <s id="s.007693">Verùm animalia quæ imper<lb></lb>fecta ſunt, animal nunquam ex ſe generant, <lb></lb>nedum vt genita diligere poſſint. </s> <s id="s.007694">Sed gene<lb></lb>rantur hæc vel ex ouis, vel putredine. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007695">Quoniam enim perfectum eſt aliquid in om<lb></lb>ni genere, aliqua quoque generatio perfe<lb></lb>cta erit: hæc autem neque ex ouis, nec ex <lb></lb>putredine: multa enim quæ ſic generan<lb></lb>tur, imperfecta ſunt, quamobrem ſola <lb></lb>quæ in vtero fit generatio, perfecta eſſe <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007696">Imperfecta autem animalia gene<lb></lb>rantur, vel quia natura perfectius non po<lb></lb>tuit, aut noluit. </s> <s id="s.007697">Sed non poteſt natura bo<lb></lb>nis inuidere, nec nolle quicquam quod bo<lb></lb>num ſit: relinquitur igitur vt imperfecta <lb></lb>generentur, quia perfecta eſſe non po<lb></lb>tuerint. </s> <s id="s.007698">At perfecta eſſe non poſſe per<lb></lb>fecta ex generatione, impoſſibile eſt, at<lb></lb>que repugnans: quare ex generatione per<lb></lb>fecta, & quæ ex animali fit, animal im<lb></lb>perfectum generari non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.007699">Perfecta <lb></lb>etiam generatio pluribus indiget & ma<lb></lb>ioribus, quàm ſenſuum inſtrumenta & fa<lb></lb>cultates: nam hæc virtus neque ſtatim <lb></lb>natis functionem habet correſpondentem <lb></lb>ſibi, ſed ætate indiget. </s> <s id="s.007700">Quibus igitur ge<lb></lb>nerandi facultas conceſſa eſt, his & ſen<lb></lb>ſus omnes: talia autem perfecta anima<lb></lb>lia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007701">Propter hæc igitur, & alia nul<lb></lb>lum animal imperfectum in vtero genera<lb></lb>tur, ſed eſt hæc generatio animalium ſo<lb></lb>lùm perfectorum. </s> <s id="s.007702">At talpam forſan quis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1098"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nobis opponat, quæ cæca ex talpa genera<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.007703">Sed talpa quinque ſenſus habet, viſum <lb></lb>tamen hebetem ratione finis. </s> <s id="s.007704">Cùm enim <lb></lb>ſub terra habitet, ſi oculos præacutos ha<lb></lb>beret, nil videns contriſtaretur: non enim <lb></lb>in obſcuro videret. </s> <s id="s.007705">Quòd ſi acri eſſet in<lb></lb>tuitu, molles haberet oculos, & facilè à <lb></lb>terra læderetur quacunque occaſione, nec <lb></lb>tamen quicquam videret iucundum: ceſ<lb></lb>ſátque finis in habitantibus ſub terra per<lb></lb>petuò, quorum cauſa facti ſunt oculi, vt <lb></lb>ſcilicet à longè ſentiret: ipſa verò non in <lb></lb>cauernis habitat, ſed ſolidam terebat ter<lb></lb>ram. </s> <s id="s.007706">Auditu igitur potius indiguit: nam <lb></lb>quum in terræ ſuperficie habitare cogatur, <lb></lb>ob cibum foſſorum pericula, & aliorum <lb></lb>animalium vim effugere auditu debuit: <lb></lb>quamobrem commodiſſimè tranſlata eſt <lb></lb>facultas videndi in acutiorem auditum: Au<lb></lb>dit enim optimè. </s> <s id="s.007707">Sed neque oculis omninò <lb></lb>caret, verùm habet paruos admodum & pro<lb></lb>minentes, ac nigros ſub piliſque latentes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007708">Omne igitur quod generatur ex animali, <lb></lb>perfectum eſt animal, cuius membri diuiſio <lb></lb>iam explicata eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007709"><margin.target id="marg1093"></margin.target>Veſpertilio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007710"><margin.target id="marg1094"></margin.target>Auium pro<lb></lb>pria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007711"><margin.target id="marg1095"></margin.target>Piſces cur ex <lb></lb>ouis generen<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007712"><margin.target id="marg1096"></margin.target>Piſces cur <lb></lb>adeò multi<lb></lb>plicentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007713"><margin.target id="marg1097"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio oſtendens <lb></lb>nullum ani<lb></lb>mal imperfe<lb></lb>ctum animal <lb></lb>generare ex <lb></lb>ſe.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007714"><margin.target id="marg1098"></margin.target>Talpa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007715">Præter hæc autem diſcrimina, ſunt ani<lb></lb>malium perfectorum à forma ſumpta: quæ<lb></lb>dam enim abſque pedibus, quædam binis, <lb></lb>quædam quaternis ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007716">Quæ alas ha<lb></lb>bent, bipeda plerunque ſunt: quatuor ta<lb></lb>men habet veſpertilio. </s> <s id="s.007717">Et quæ pinnas. </s> <s id="s.007718">Et <lb></lb>piſcibus tamen ſunt, quæ plures habent <lb></lb>pedes, ſed non propriè pedes ſunt vocan<lb></lb>di. </s> <s id="s.007719">Cancri plures habent pedes quàm qua<lb></lb>tuor. </s> <s id="s.007720">Sed hic numerus animalibus ſatis<lb></lb>facit pedes verè habentibus. </s> <s id="s.007721">Homo loco <lb></lb>duorum anteriorum pedum habet bracchia <lb></lb>manúſque, vt aues alas. </s> <s id="s.007722">Differunt & for<lb></lb>ma oris, & cute, quæ quibuſdam & cum <lb></lb>pilo, aliis ſquama, aculeis, cortice, <lb></lb>pluma. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007723">Quædam verò varij generis ſunt, incer<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1099"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tæque naturæ, vt animal, quod præſenti <lb></lb>anno decimanona menſis Ianuarij, Papiæ <lb></lb>vidimus. </s> <s id="s.007724">Vulpis magnitudo, aliquantò lon<lb></lb>gius, ore & rictu leporino, cum pilis lon<lb></lb>gis, duobúſque dentibus prælongiis: ſi<lb></lb>quidem digiti humani longitudine promi<lb></lb>nentibus admodum ſciuri: oculis ſerpenti<lb></lb>nis, quippe qui angulis carerent, nigri eſ<lb></lb>ſent. </s> <s id="s.007725">Pileus inerat capiti hircinæ barbæ ſi<lb></lb>millimus, ſed non aliter quàm criſta pauo<lb></lb>ni. </s> <s id="s.007726">Pilus muſtellinus ac pulcher, niſi quòd <lb></lb>ſuper collum velut lana candida videba<lb></lb>tur, anteriores pedes vt taxi, aures & <lb></lb>poſteriores nihilo differentes ab humanis: <pb pagenum="522" xlink:href="016/01/171.jpg"></pb>niſi quòd pedibus vngula vrſi pro humana <lb></lb>erat. </s> <s id="s.007727">In dorſo poſtremáque parte ſpinæ <lb></lb>circiter centum, quarum quædam in apice <lb></lb>curuabantur, prominebant emiſſitiæ, quum <lb></lb>moueretur ſtrepitum, dum ſe colliderent, <lb></lb>edebant. </s> <s id="s.007728">Cauda anſerina, ſed in ſpinas plu<lb></lb>mæ finiebantur. </s> <s id="s.007729">Si reliqua non videas, an<lb></lb>ſerem dices: candidis ac cinereis ſpinis plu<lb></lb>marum inſtar: latiſque clunibus anſerem <lb></lb>æmulantibus. </s> <s id="s.007730">Vox ſubobſcura, rauca quaſi <lb></lb>latrantis canis. </s> <s id="s.007731">Iracundum animal, ſed ta<lb></lb>men quod facilè à circulatore tractaretur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007732">Canes odio proſequebatur maximo, ſexus <lb></lb>fœminei, ætatis iuuenilis Potus nullus, ci<lb></lb>bus panis aqua madefactus. </s> <s id="s.007733">Hiſtricum hunc <lb></lb>fuiſſe conſtat, aut ex hiſtrice natum, vtpo<lb></lb>te cum vrſa, aut ſimia miſto. </s> <s id="s.007734">Sed hiſtrix <lb></lb>olim Africæ proprius fuit, nunc Gallia & <lb></lb>Italia ſues habet cum ſpinis, quas eiacula<lb></lb>ri aduerſus canes ſolent: vt forſan alius ſit à <lb></lb>ſuibus hic hiſtrix: ſpinæ tamen non his ſui<lb></lb>bus minores: quippe palmi longitudine, præ<lb></lb>acutæ, leues, albo nigróque diſtinctæ. </s> <s id="s.007735">Sunt & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1100"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>erinaceo ſpinæ, ſed toto corpore paruæ, im<lb></lb>mobiles, & ipſum animal hiſtrice longè mi<lb></lb>nus: quod etiam in orbem circumuoluitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007736">Sed ædepol ad hominis ſalutem natum: ſicci<lb></lb>tate ac temperie ſua iuuat iecur, renes, veſi<lb></lb>cam, ventriculum, pulmones. </s> <s id="s.007737">Huic tanquam <lb></lb>è regione ouis opponitur vellere molliſſimo. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1101"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Pabula ſterilia ſubtilitatem lanæ augent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007738">Vnde Virgilius: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Si tibi lanicium curæ, primùm aſpera ſylua, <lb></lb>Lappæque, <expan abbr="tribuliq;">tribulique</expan> abſint, fuge pabula læta.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007739"><margin.target id="marg1099"></margin.target>Hiſtrix.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007740"><margin.target id="marg1100"></margin.target>Erinaceus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007741"><margin.target id="marg1101"></margin.target>Ouium vtili<lb></lb>tas, lib. 3. <lb></lb>Georg.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007742">Ideóque Anglica lana nunc vt olim Mile<lb></lb>ſia celebratur. </s> <s id="s.007743">Quare iterum ille: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>——Eam circùm Mileſia vellera nymphæ Carpebant.——<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007744">Ergo nunc Britannia inclyta vellere eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1102"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Nec mirum, cùm nullum animal venenatum <lb></lb>mittat, imò nec infeſtum præter vulpem <lb></lb>olim & lupum: nunc verò exterminatis <lb></lb>etiam lupis, tutò pecus vagatur. </s> <s id="s.007745">Rore cœ<lb></lb>li ſitim ſedant greges, ab omni alio potu <lb></lb>arcentur, quòd aquæ ibi ouibus ſint exitia<lb></lb>les: quia tamen in pabulo humido vermes <lb></lb>multi abundant. </s> <s id="s.007746">Cornicum adeò multitudo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1103"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>creuit vt ob frugum damna nuper publico <lb></lb>conſilio illas perdentibus propoſita præmia <lb></lb>ſint: vbi enim pabulum, ibi animalia ſunt, <lb></lb>quæ eo veſcuntur, atque immodicè, tunc <lb></lb>multiplicantur cùm vbique abundauerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007747">Caret tamen ( vt dixi ) ſerpentibus, tribus <lb></lb>ex cauſis, nam pauci poſſunt generari ob <lb></lb>frigus immenſum: quia verò optimè coli<lb></lb>tur, qui geniti ſunt exterminantur. </s> <s id="s.007748">Cùm au<lb></lb>tem ſemel illis vacua fuerit, non potuerunt <lb></lb>aliunde aduenire, prohibente mari cùm in<lb></lb>ſula ſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007749"><margin.target id="marg1102"></margin.target>Britanniæ <lb></lb>laus, & mi<lb></lb>ra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007750"><margin.target id="marg1103"></margin.target>Cornicum <lb></lb>multitudo in <lb></lb>Britannia <lb></lb>cur ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007751">Cur Britan<lb></lb>nia ſerpenti<lb></lb>bus caveat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007752">Lucij piſcis <lb></lb>mirum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007753">Eadem in lupis fermè ratio eſt. </s> <s id="s.007754">Mirum <lb></lb>eſt illud, quòd à tot audiui viris, vt impu<lb></lb>dentius fuerit tot teſtibus mendacium non <lb></lb>credere, quàm veritatem aduerſus eorum <lb></lb>auctoritatem tueri: lupum piſcem fluuiati<lb></lb>lem, quem lucium Itali vocant, ſciſſo ventre <lb></lb>oſtendendi lactis cauſa, inde conſuto, atque <lb></lb>inter tinchas in viuariis repoſito ſanari hu<lb></lb>more earum, dum ſe illis lupus ventre affri<lb></lb>cat. </s> <s id="s.007755">Hoc tamen cauſam habet manifeſtam, <lb></lb>cùm viſcera non ſint oblæſa, & humor ipſe <lb></lb>glutinoſus ſit, aërque ad corruptionem mi<lb></lb>nimè paratus. </s> <s id="s.007756">Nec ſcio an in Italia experien<lb></lb>ti hoc ſit ſucceſſurum. </s> <s id="s.007757">Quid demum? </s> <s id="s.007758">nonne <lb></lb>illud, vt ad ouium hiſtoriam redeam, mirabi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1104"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lius euenit ob regiones, quòd in calidis re<lb></lb>gionibus veruecum caudæ adeò in immen<lb></lb>ſum creſcunt, vt Ioannes Leo vidiſſe ſe refe<lb></lb>rat in Arſioë Ægypti ciuitate vnam <expan abbr="librarũ">librarum</expan> <lb></lb>80. quaſdam ad 150. creuiſſe referunt. </s> <s id="s.007759">Ad 15. <lb></lb>aut 20. creuiſſe, vulgare eſt. </s> <s id="s.007760">Ego <expan abbr="vnã">vnam</expan> vidi li<lb></lb>brarum circiter trium, vt æſtimatione aſſe<lb></lb>qui, non experientia potui. </s> <s id="s.007761">Sed propriis in <lb></lb>regionibus caudæ noſtros arietes plerunque <lb></lb>ſuperant incredibili magnitudine. </s> <s id="s.007762">Contin<lb></lb>git hoc quia humidiſſimum eſt hoc animal <lb></lb>& inter quadrupedia frigidum. </s> <s id="s.007763">Cúmque cæ<lb></lb>tera oſſa extendi nequeant, ne pinguedine <lb></lb>propria obruatur animal, totum humorem <lb></lb>in caudam tranſmittit, fitque carne, & pin<lb></lb>guedine immenſa, extenſis etiam oſſibus, ac <lb></lb>neruis non parum, quæ humida natura ve<lb></lb>lut & piſces ſemper incremento apta ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007764">Sed nónne illud etiam dignum admiratio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1105"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne, quòd veruecibus quibuſdam quatuor <lb></lb>ſint cornua, & tamen tales Mediolani ha<lb></lb>bemus: in Scotia res vulgaris eſt, vt apud <lb></lb>Sarmatas cum ſenis aut octo: rarus cum <lb></lb>quinque ſepteniſve quod impar ſit numerus: <lb></lb>quandoque etiam cum vno, ſed non in me<lb></lb>dio. </s> <s id="s.007765"><expan abbr="Atq;">Atque</expan> hæc minore miraculo quàm refe<lb></lb>rat Ariſtoteles, viſam capram in cruce cor<lb></lb>nu habentem. </s> <s id="s.007766">Accidit hoc errore procul. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007767">dubio naturæ, & materiæ ad cornua gene<lb></lb>randa aptæ multitudine defectuve: at in his <lb></lb>quòd caput eſſe imbecille, maluit natura <lb></lb>diuidere onus, quàm moleſtè grauare verue<lb></lb>cem. </s> <s id="s.007768">Contingit quandoque naſci arietem <lb></lb>cum vnico cornu in media fronte, vt in villa <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1106"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Periclis dum ipſe rebus Athenienſium præ<lb></lb>eſſet. </s> <s id="s.007769">Aruſpices pronunciarunt futuram om<lb></lb>nium rerum confuſionem, & diminutionem <lb></lb>potentiæ vrbis. </s> <s id="s.007770">Atque id meritò: nam duo <lb></lb>natura diſtincta in vnum coierant, diminu<lb></lb>to numero armorum: idque in eius villa con<lb></lb>tigerat, qui vrbi præeſſet. </s> <s id="s.007771">Contigit autem <lb></lb>hoc ad vnguem: primùm quidem grauiſſi<lb></lb>mo ballo Peloponnenſi, quòd fames, inde <lb></lb>peſtis ſæuiſſima ſubſequutæ ſunt, demum <lb></lb>etiam ſeruitus. </s> <s id="s.007772">Sed Anaxagoras rem callidè <lb></lb>texit, ſuaſu credo Periclis, qui ei erat diſ<lb></lb>cipulus, dicens hoc ideo factum, quòd cere<lb></lb>bri ventres in vnum coiſſent. </s> <s id="s.007773">Diſſecto verò <lb></lb>animali ita eſſe oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.007774">Sed ſi ob hoc ſo<lb></lb>lum id contigit, decuit ſuo tempore naſci <lb></lb>cornu, non cùm aries natus eſt. </s> <s id="s.007775">Deinde ni<lb></lb>hil prohibet errorum naturæ proprias eſſe <lb></lb>cauſas, & futuri præſagia. </s> <s id="s.007776">Itaque omnium <lb></lb>vt aliarum rerum, ſic & Philoſophiæ al<lb></lb>terna viciſſitudo, ac perniciem ſcilicet hu<lb></lb>mani generis ac ſalutem. </s> <s id="s.007777">Quamobrem mi<lb></lb>nus demiror Neronem quandoque Roma <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1107"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>expuliſſe Philoſophos, vt in Neronis enco<lb></lb>mio diximus: quorundam enim ob auaritiam <lb></lb>non magis eſt ſalutaris quàm pernicioſa ſa<lb></lb>pientia. </s> <s id="s.007778">Nihilque aliud eſt Philoſophia in <lb></lb>animo prauo, quàm in latronis manibus <lb></lb>gladius. </s> <s id="s.007779">Quid boni enim affert Philoſophus, <lb></lb>docens principes, populóſque, mundum <lb></lb>æternum eſſe, mortalem animum, proui-<pb pagenum="523" xlink:href="016/01/172.jpg"></pb>dentiam Dei nullam? </s> <s id="s.007780">nónne eſt ac ſi dice<lb></lb>ret, Palàm fœnerare adulter eſto, ſicarius, ve<lb></lb>neficus, proditor, omnia denique mala pe<lb></lb>ragas, modò clanculum liceat. </s> <s id="s.007781">Ergo aries <lb></lb>ſtultus conſuluit. </s> <s id="s.007782">Athenienſium duplex ſa<lb></lb>pientia, ducis ſcilicet atque Philoſophi, pa<lb></lb>triam euertit. </s> <s id="s.007783">Nam ne mirere, dixiſſe me <lb></lb>arietem eſſe ſtultum: quæ enim bifida ſunt <lb></lb>vngula, omnia ſunt ſimpliciora ſolipedis, vt <lb></lb>ſolipeda his qui digitos habent in pedibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007784">Animalium enim differentia vna eſt pro<lb></lb>pria, à pedum natura ſumpta: quædam enim <lb></lb>ſolipeda, quædam bifidas habent vngules, <lb></lb>quædam autem digitos. </s> <s id="s.007785">Solipeda quædam <lb></lb>robuſta, ſed non laboris patientia, vt equi: <lb></lb>quædam patientia laboris, ſed non robuſta, <lb></lb>vt aſini: quædam tolerant laborem & ſunt <lb></lb>robuſta, vt cameli. </s> <s id="s.007786">Aſini vt patientes eſſent <lb></lb>admodum laboris, ſtupidi facti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007787">Iidem <lb></lb>parcè admodum mergunt bibendo os, prop<lb></lb>ter vmbram aurium quam prægrandem in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1108"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aqua videntes timent, ne aures madeſcant <lb></lb>aqua, & ne vmbra aurium oculos feriat. </s> <s id="s.007788">Eſt <lb></lb>etiam animal hoc natura ſiccum, & ob id <lb></lb>aquæ non amicum. </s> <s id="s.007789">Fert aſina pullum, an<lb></lb>no, quòd aſinus 30. annis viuat, tametſi ob <lb></lb>labores rarò vitæ proprium curſum poſſit <lb></lb>implere. </s> <s id="s.007790">Commune eſt illi cum equo, & <lb></lb>ceruo ac damæ, imò etiam camelo, carere <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1109"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>felle. </s> <s id="s.007791">Sed tamen camelus indiſcretum ha<lb></lb>bet. </s> <s id="s.007792">Cauſa eſt, vt carnem habeant ſicciorem, <lb></lb>laboriſque magis patientem. </s> <s id="s.007793">Sed equi ge<lb></lb>neroſiores ſunt aſinis, minus tamen ſicci, & <lb></lb>ob id minus laborem tolerant. </s> <s id="s.007794">Hi quos bar<lb></lb>baros vocant, ſuntque perniciſſimi educa<lb></lb>tione, in Africa fiunt. </s> <s id="s.007795">Nam emittunt equas, <lb></lb>quæ timore ferarum agreſtes factæ quoti<lb></lb>die ſe exercent. </s> <s id="s.007796">Inde pullos ereptos lacte ca<lb></lb>melarum alunt: vbi adoleuerint palea & ſti<lb></lb>pula: ita cibo, aëreque, exercitatione fiunt <lb></lb>velociſſimi. </s> <s id="s.007797">Fieret & in noſtris regionibus, <lb></lb>ſed poſt aliquot generationes. </s> <s id="s.007798">Ceruarum <lb></lb>quoque lacte nutriti multum proficerent, <lb></lb>nanque nutrimento animæ nedum corpo<lb></lb>ra mutantur. </s> <s id="s.007799">Animal hoc ſenſum habet & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1110"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gloriæ, & officiorum. </s> <s id="s.007800">In Hibernia inſula <lb></lb>referunt, equos adeò eſſe moribus bonis ac <lb></lb>dociles, vt ita ſe accommodent, qua me<lb></lb>lius ſeſſorem parte excipere poſſint. </s> <s id="s.007801">Indi<lb></lb>cium prudentiæ equorum eſt dilectio maxi<lb></lb>ma ſobolis: nullum enim animal adeò fi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1111"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lios ſuos diligit, vt pullum ſuum equa. </s> <s id="s.007802">In<lb></lb>certa meta vitæ illorum, ob labores: qui<lb></lb>dam enim ad nos etiam 50. peruenerunt, <lb></lb>rarò tamen 30. annum excedunt. </s> <s id="s.007803">Fœminæ <lb></lb>diutiùs viuunt. </s> <s id="s.007804">Vixiſſe equam ad annos <lb></lb>ſexaginta quinque prodidit Ariſtoteles. </s> <s id="s.007805">Miſ<lb></lb>centur hæc duo animalium genera naturæ <lb></lb>ſimilitudinem quaſi commodum humanum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1112"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>curante opifice: fiuntque muli patientia aſi<lb></lb>norum, robore autem equorum. </s> <s id="s.007806">Aſini agre<lb></lb>ſtes onagri vocati frequentiores ſunt equis <lb></lb>agreſtibus, quorum carnes in cibis com<lb></lb>mendantur: nam & domeſticorum aſino<lb></lb>rum caro, modò iuuenes ſint, proxima vi<lb></lb>tulinæ eſt, non vt equorum viſcida & abo<lb></lb>minabilis. </s> <s id="s.007807">Impropriè ædepol vocant aſinos <lb></lb>agreſtes animalia cornibus prælongis ar<lb></lb>mata & iuba, alioquin deformia, biſontes <lb></lb>aliàs dicti. </s> <s id="s.007808">Igitur genere quidem plura <lb></lb>eſſe non poterant tribus, ſpecie nihil pro<lb></lb>hibet: nam & mulos eſſe ſui generis in <lb></lb>Phœnicia fœcundos tradit Ariſtoteles: in <lb></lb>his <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> plus minuſve, vel alacritatis, & ro<lb></lb>boris agilatiſque, vel patientiæ ad labores <lb></lb>ſuſtinendos. </s> <s id="s.007809">Sed camelus omnium eſt præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.007810">Africus vnicam habet gib<lb></lb>bam ſeu tuber, Bactrianus duas, vtraque <lb></lb>enim ſpecies mihi nota eſt. </s> <s id="s.007811">Africi etiam <lb></lb>aſinis colore fermè ſimiles, Bactriani fer<lb></lb>rugineo. </s> <s id="s.007812">Non ſolipedes ſunt propriè came<lb></lb>li, ſed quaſi biſulci: nec exquiſitè biſulci, <lb></lb>ſed quinum digitorum pes quandam leuem <lb></lb>effigiem exprimit, parte etiam veſtigij <lb></lb>carnoſus, ob id per ſaxa iter habentibus <lb></lb>inutilis. </s> <s id="s.007813">Cæterùm, quod mirum eſt, cùm <lb></lb>cornua non habeat, ſolus caret anteriori<lb></lb>bus dentibus ſuperioris mandibulæ, vt <lb></lb>ceruus atque bos. </s> <s id="s.007814">Ruminat quoque illorum <lb></lb>more, quod neceſſe eſt: nam animalia non <lb></lb>ob id ruminant, quia cornua habeant, ſed <lb></lb>ſed quia dentibus carent anterioribus ſupe<lb></lb>rioribus, quibus etiam camelus caret. </s> <s id="s.007815">Vri<lb></lb>nam ex auerſo reddit, nam genitale retro <lb></lb>habet. </s> <s id="s.007816">Equos naturali odio perſequitur, & <lb></lb>grandis eſt altitudine fermè elephanti, ſed <lb></lb>ob colli! longitudinem: vnde aui nomen <lb></lb>etiam inditum ſtruthiocameli. </s> <s id="s.007817">Corpore ta<lb></lb>men toto camelus equo exilior eſt, capite <lb></lb>paruo, oculis magnis, prominentibuſque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007818">Roſtrum, vt ita dicam, quale bobus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007819">Differunt tamen non parum inter ſe, & prę<lb></lb>ſertim magnitudine, adeò vt iuxta hanc ra<lb></lb>tionem tria genera numerentur. </s> <s id="s.007820">Hugium <lb></lb>maximi dicuntur vnica gibba, minimi Ra<lb></lb>guahil, qui centum milla paſſuum in ſingu<lb></lb>los dies peragunt, ſunt enim leuiſſimi, ap<lb></lb>tioreſque ad itinera quàm ad onera. </s> <s id="s.007821">Cur<lb></lb>runt etiam celeriùs cameli equis Niſſanis, <lb></lb>propter crurum longitudinem diſtantiam<lb></lb>que. </s> <s id="s.007822">Medium genus Becheti vocantur, du<lb></lb>plici gibba. </s> <s id="s.007823">Sed omnium optimi Africi: hi <lb></lb>enim ex Bactrianis Bibunt ſingulis quin<lb></lb>que diebus: & ſi <expan abbr="ãntea">antea</expan>, læduntur: tolerant <lb></lb>tamen ſitim ad dies vſque quindecim, tum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1113"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ex vſu, tum quia animal ſit ſiccum, tum <lb></lb>quòd natura rectè cauerit vt animal quod <lb></lb>in deſertis vitam ageret, frequenti potu <lb></lb>minimè indigeret, vbi potus copia rarò eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007824">Similiter & inediæ patientiſſimus eſt. </s> <s id="s.007825">Vbi <lb></lb>verò contigerit ipſum extenuari, primùm <lb></lb>quidem gibba, ob onus & ſolem, dorſoque <lb></lb>extenuatur, pòſt ventre, quòd ea pars mol<lb></lb>lior ſit, & plurimo calore abundet: demum <lb></lb>cruribus ipſis, tuncque iam laborat. </s> <s id="s.007826">Caro <lb></lb>illius ſuauiſſima eſt, lac verò ſuauiſſimum <lb></lb>& ſaluberrimum. </s> <s id="s.007827">Sed bibitur vt vinum, pa<lb></lb>ri aquæ pondere, vel etiam duplo miſtum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007828">Saltat hoc animal ad tibiam, videturque <lb></lb>muſica gaudere: verùm ars & vſus eſt po<lb></lb>tius quàm harmoniæ ſenſus. </s> <s id="s.007829">Attamen can<lb></lb>tu feſſus ſpontè ad iter peragendum exci<lb></lb>tatur. </s> <s id="s.007830">Iuuenculus autem collocatur in paui<lb></lb>mento calido, homine pulſante tibiam ci<lb></lb>tharámve, camelus ob calorem pedes eleuat: <lb></lb>ita ſingulis diebus huic rei operam dat. </s> <s id="s.007831">Mo<lb></lb>dus congruit pedum eleuationi. </s> <s id="s.007832">Vbi annus <lb></lb>hac forma exactus fuerit, pedes eleuat ad <lb></lb>rhythmum, quanquam frigente ſolo: ita <lb></lb>camelus ſaltare diſcit. </s> <s id="s.007833">Sed quid mirum de <pb pagenum="524" xlink:href="016/01/173.jpg"></pb>camelo, vt dixi animali ſolerti, quod diſ<lb></lb>ciplina erudiatur, cum aſini ipſi ad tibiam <lb></lb>ſaltent? </s> <s id="s.007834">& voce in aurem inſuſurrata con<lb></lb>cidant ſupini ſpontè? </s> <s id="s.007835">Clauſis etiam oculis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1114"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inflantur quaſi venenum bibiſſent, nec mi<lb></lb>nis nec verberibus adduci queunt, vt ſur<lb></lb>gere velint. </s> <s id="s.007836">Sed blanditiis, adulationibuſ<lb></lb>que, ac ſpe vehendi formoſas mulieres pro<lb></lb>poſita, ſubitò exurgunt alacres: vbi verò <lb></lb>audierint vehendas eſſe anus, demiſſis au<lb></lb>ribus claudicant. </s> <s id="s.007837">Interroganti etiam an for<lb></lb>moſæ iuuenculæ illis placeant capite an<lb></lb>nuunt. </s> <s id="s.007838">Demum etiam formiſſimum in <lb></lb>cœtu circumſtantium deligunt. </s> <s id="s.007839">Ita parum <lb></lb>videtur hic aſinu. </s> <s id="s.007840">Ægyptius ab illo Lu<lb></lb>cianico differre. </s> <s id="s.007841">Sed tamen vera eſt hi<lb></lb>ſtoria, quam Ioannes Leo Africanus nar<lb></lb>rat, vidiſſe non ſemel in ſuburbio ciuita<lb></lb>tis Chairi nomine, Bebelloch, in quo <lb></lb>circulatores fermè ſingulis diebus Veneris <lb></lb>( eſt autem hic feſtus Mahumetanis, vt Iu<lb></lb>dæis ſabbathum, Chriſtianis Dominicus) <lb></lb>ac arte magnam ſtipem corradunt. </s> <s id="s.007842">Nec <lb></lb>adeò res mira videri debet erudire aſinum, <lb></lb>nam pars ſenſibilis omnis vſus eſt capax. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007843">Eſt autem aſinus & ipſe anima ſenſitiua <lb></lb>præditus. </s> <s id="s.007844">Oſtendit hoc in cheli manus, quæ <lb></lb>tot diuerſis modis abſque vlla cogitatione <lb></lb>propter ſolum vſum mouetur. </s> <s id="s.007845">Quomodo au<lb></lb>tem ſenſim ad hoc perueniant, tum ex his <lb></lb>quæ de camelo nuper dicta ſunt, tum <lb></lb>quæ de cane inferiùs docebuntur, intellige<lb></lb>re licet. </s> <s id="s.007846">Conſtat autem tota hæc ars eru<lb></lb>diendorum animalium in duobus, vſu & <lb></lb>actionum concurſu. </s> <s id="s.007847">Itaque conſtat anima<lb></lb>lia ſolipeda prudentiora eſſe biſulcis, atque <lb></lb>inter ſolipeda, biſulcaque camelum eſſe <lb></lb>præſtantiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.007848">Vnde meritò quis dubita<lb></lb>bit, quodnam perfectius animal dici de<lb></lb>beat, canis an camelus. </s> <s id="s.007849">Equidem ſi ad vitæ <lb></lb>longitudinem reſpicimus, camelus proxi<lb></lb>mior eſt homini quàm canis: nam came<lb></lb>lus centum quandoque annis viuit, canum <lb></lb>vita vigeſimo anno terminatur: vnde Ho<lb></lb>merus rectè finxiſſe exiſtimatur canem <lb></lb>Vlyſſis extremo anno mori. </s> <s id="s.007850">Verùm vt ca<lb></lb>melus rarò ſexageſimum, ita canis rariùs <lb></lb>quartum decimum ſuperat annum. </s> <s id="s.007851">Cameli <lb></lb>quoque muſica delectantur, canes minimè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007852">Sed canes capaciores ſunt diſciplinæ. </s> <s id="s.007853">Dixe<lb></lb>rim igitur cameli humidum eſſe pinguius, <lb></lb>canis autem ſubſtantiam eſſe tenuiorem, <lb></lb>hiſque de cauſis alterum altero viciſſim ho<lb></lb>mini propiorem eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007854"><margin.target id="marg1104"></margin.target>Veruecum <lb></lb>candæ <expan abbr="immẽ-ſi">immen<lb></lb>ſi</expan> ponderis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007855"><margin.target id="marg1105"></margin.target>Verueces <lb></lb>cum quatuor <lb></lb>cornibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007856"><margin.target id="marg1106"></margin.target>Aries cum <lb></lb>vno cornu in <lb></lb>medio <expan abbr="ſrõtis">ſrontis</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007857"><margin.target id="marg1107"></margin.target>Neronis En<lb></lb>comium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007858"><margin.target id="marg1108"></margin.target>Aſinus cur <lb></lb>ſtupidus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007859">Aſini cur <lb></lb>bibendo pa<lb></lb>rùm mer<lb></lb>gant os.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007860"><margin.target id="marg1109"></margin.target>Equi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007861"><margin.target id="marg1110"></margin.target>Onagri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007862"><margin.target id="marg1111"></margin.target>Biſontes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007863"><margin.target id="marg1112"></margin.target>Camelus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007864"><margin.target id="marg1113"></margin.target>Extenuatio<lb></lb>nis ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007865"><margin.target id="marg1114"></margin.target>Afinorum <lb></lb>mira diſci<lb></lb>plina.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007866">Sed adhuc dubitatio alia emergit: quo<lb></lb>niam camelus videtur hominum cauſa, non <lb></lb>ſuiipſius, vel magis ſaltem factus, quod ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1115"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>men falſum eſſe nemo dubitat, qui quæ à <lb></lb>nobis inferiùs ſcripta ſunt, legit: attamen ſic <lb></lb>prorſus eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.007867">Nam quorſum in ter<lb></lb>go gibba illa, niſi ad pondera ſuſtinenda? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007868">quorſum quatuor genua, cùm equus & aſi<lb></lb>nus duo tantùm habeant, & boues & cer<lb></lb>ui? </s> <s id="s.007869">nam cameli crura poſteriora anterius <lb></lb>flectuntur, ſinuanturque poſterius vt homi<lb></lb>num crura, & anteriora equorum: quor<lb></lb>ſumque tuber illud cui inſiſtit, dum in ge<lb></lb>nua flectitur inferius poſitum? </s> <s id="s.007870">niſi vt cùm <lb></lb>prælongis eſſet cruribus, poſſet flecti in ge<lb></lb>nua, tandiuque manere donec onus excipe<lb></lb>ret? </s> <s id="s.007871">Itaque camelus & canis ob conuictus <lb></lb>facilitatem, ſi modò aliquod animal homi<lb></lb>nis cauſa factum eſt, geniti videntur illius <lb></lb>cauſa. </s> <s id="s.007872">Sed tamen ( vt dixi ) abſurdum eſt <lb></lb>talia credere: melius igitur eſt, vt exiſtime<lb></lb>mus camalo gibbam eſſe factam, quòd cùm <lb></lb>animal eſſet vitam in ſolitudine ducens, lo<lb></lb>cus is humore repletus ad ſitim famemque <lb></lb>ſuſtinendam plurimum conferret. </s> <s id="s.007873">Indicio <lb></lb>eſt quòd etiam hominibus gibbus ex hu<lb></lb>more crudo aduenire ſoleat: quodque, vt di<lb></lb>ctum eſt, dum conficitur labore, inedia, ſiti<lb></lb>que, ea primùm in parte extenuetur. </s> <s id="s.007874">Cauſa <lb></lb>verò genuum & anterioris gibbi ſeu infe<lb></lb>rioris fuit, quòd cum habiturus eſſet crura <lb></lb>gracilia longaque & longum iter agere co<lb></lb>geretur, hoc animal in aridis atque incul<lb></lb>tis locis viuens quærendi cibi potuſque <lb></lb>cauſa, quiete indiguit, quam ob crurum <lb></lb>longitudinem ſternendo vt aſini equique <lb></lb>tutò aſſequi non poterat: ob id igitur in <lb></lb>genua & tuber inferius recumbens quieſ<lb></lb>cit. </s> <s id="s.007875">Talis eſt huic animali ſitus, qualis ho<lb></lb>mini cum ſedet. </s> <s id="s.007876">Non igitur hominis gratia <lb></lb>hæc facta ſunt, ſed cameli: nimis enim <lb></lb>oportuit naturam eſſe ſollicitam, ſi ob tam <lb></lb>breue tempus ſuſcipiendi oneris, tot tanta<lb></lb>que in hoc animali molita fuiſſet, cùm <lb></lb>etiam homo ipſe prudentia, ſcabellis, ſca<lb></lb>lis, aliiſque modis altitudinis incommodo <lb></lb>ſatisfacere potuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.007877">Formæ igitur animali<lb></lb>bus propriæ, proprij etiam commodi cauſa <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007878">Verùm dicet quiſpiam: Cur omnia <lb></lb>hæc animalia præſtantiſſima formam ha<lb></lb>bent longè ab aliis diſſimilem? </s> <s id="s.007879">vt, homo, <lb></lb>elephas, camelus, crocodilus, & delphin <lb></lb>inter piſces. </s> <s id="s.007880">Conſtat enim abſque dubio hæc <lb></lb>eſſe animalium nobiliſſima, ſi modò homo <lb></lb>animal mereatur appellari. </s> <s id="s.007881">Cauſa huius tri<lb></lb>plex eſt: prima quidem, quòd oporteret ani<lb></lb>malia hæc eſſe longæua, ſi deberent eſſe per<lb></lb>fecta: quare humido pingui multumque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1116"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>permixto prædita. </s> <s id="s.007882">Non igitur vires aſſequi <lb></lb>ex temperamento poterant, indigebant au<lb></lb>tem viribus, quamobrem forma exquiſita <lb></lb>opus fuit. </s> <s id="s.007883">Secunda cauſa eſt, quia extre<lb></lb>mum plus à medio diſtat, quàm media in<lb></lb>ter ſe: duplum enim medij, aut maius du<lb></lb>plo eſt extremum: perfectiſſimum autem <lb></lb>extremum eſt, ob id plurimùm ab aliis di<lb></lb>ſtat, atque obid peculiarem formam habe<lb></lb>re videtur. </s> <s id="s.007884">Tertia, quoniam perfectiſſima <lb></lb>animalia multorum generum colligunt vti<lb></lb>litates, ob id quaſi in medio illorum conſti<lb></lb>tuta videntur, quamobrem & formam ſibi <lb></lb>propriam, Nam camelus medius videtur in<lb></lb>ter biſulca, ſolipedaque, abſque cornibus <lb></lb>etiam cornutis ſimillimus: gibbam præter <lb></lb>id propriam habet. </s> <s id="s.007885">Homo inter bipeda <lb></lb>quadrupedaque, glaber tamen eſt, atque <lb></lb>hoc ei proprium non ab alio animali ſum<lb></lb>ptum, niſi ſerpentes, aut piſces adducas, à <lb></lb>quorum natura vel plurimum abeſt, vel om<lb></lb>nium naturam induit, vtpote omnium etiam <lb></lb>particeps. </s> <s id="s.007886">Crocodilus medius inter piſces & <lb></lb>quadrupeda lacertaſque. </s> <s id="s.007887">Proprium habet vt <lb></lb>maxillam ſuperiorem moueat, inferiorem <lb></lb>habeat firmam. </s> <s id="s.007888">Elephas medius inter cor<lb></lb>nua animalia, carentiaque cornibus, digitos <lb></lb>habentia in pedibus, & ſolipeda, propriam <pb pagenum="525" xlink:href="016/01/174.jpg"></pb>nactus eſt promuſcidem: & ſi licet dicere <lb></lb>dentes, illos adeò magnos, & adeò exte<lb></lb>teriùs prominentes. </s> <s id="s.007889">Eadem dico de delphi<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.007890">Sed iam aliò properat oratio: nec mo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1117"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ram pateretur, niſi hoc vnum occurreret <lb></lb>quod nuper dixi, ſcilicet, cur mulæ ſint <lb></lb>ſteriles. </s> <s id="s.007891">Fatigat hoc Ariſtotelem, cæte<lb></lb>roſque philoſophos, nos minimè in hoc <lb></lb>quæſito laboramus. </s> <s id="s.007892">Declaratum enim ſu<lb></lb>prà eſt, quæcunque generationem habent <lb></lb>imperfectam, eſſe ſterilia: at cùm ſemen <lb></lb>equi aſinique multum diſſideant, adeò vt <lb></lb>ſint in terminis extremis eorum quæ ſi<lb></lb>mul ad generandum conuenire poſſunt, <lb></lb>liquet quæ generantur ex horum commi<lb></lb>ſtione eſſe ſterilia. </s> <s id="s.007893">Minus autem his canes <lb></lb>Indicos, qui è tigride, & cane generantur: <lb></lb>minus etiam lyciſcas, è cane & lupo geni<lb></lb>tas. </s> <s id="s.007894">Similiter & laconicos ex vulpe & ca<lb></lb>ne: nam hi cùm parentum naturæ parum <lb></lb>diſſideant, prolifici ſunt, & in alteram <lb></lb>parentum ſpeciem tranſeunt continua ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſione. </s> <s id="s.007895">Quod equidem fieri non poſſet, <lb></lb>ſi mulæ aliqua propria cauſa ſumpta, ex <lb></lb>parentum diſſimilitudine ſterileſcerent. </s> <s id="s.007896">Sed <lb></lb>eſt, vt dixi, cauſa hæc communis omnibus, <lb></lb>quæ generatione imperfecta procreantur, <lb></lb>ſeu ex putredine, ſeu multum diſſidente na<lb></lb>tura ſeminis maris à ſanguine fœmellæ. </s> <s id="s.007897">Vn<lb></lb>de ex hoc generalis cauſa ſterilitatis habe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1118"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.007898">Cum enim ſemina maſculi fœminæque <lb></lb>intra limites temperamenti fuerint, genera<lb></lb>tio fit, & quod naſcitur prolificum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007899">Si <lb></lb>verò ambo ſemina contrariis fuerint qua<lb></lb>litatibus generabunt, ſed quod generabi<lb></lb>tur, ſterile erit. </s> <s id="s.007900">Si verò ſimili laborent in<lb></lb>temperie, nihil generabunt. </s> <s id="s.007901">Sunt & ſteriles, <lb></lb>in quibus virga non erigitur. </s> <s id="s.007902">Hic autem, ſi <lb></lb>natura contingat, parentibus ſenibus ſunt <lb></lb>geniti. </s> <s id="s.007903">In quibuſdam ſemen vitioſum eſt, <lb></lb>vt in his quibus auulſi ſunt teſtes. </s> <s id="s.007904">Permu<lb></lb>tantur igitur hac commixtione ſpecies, ac <lb></lb>deſinunt eſſe. </s> <s id="s.007905">Forſan ex hoc genere erant <lb></lb>alces, quos fuiſſe Cæſaris ætate certum eſt: <lb></lb>at nunc an ſint, & quid ſint, incertum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007906">Similiter & cameli Indici Pauſaniæ tempo<lb></lb>ribus pardis colore, & varietate ex toto ſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1119"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>miles: at nunc, aut nulli ſunt, aut rari ad<lb></lb>modum: inconſtans enim ( vt dixi) eſt cu<lb></lb>iuſque imperfecti animalis generatio, natu<lb></lb>raque. </s> <s id="s.007907">Sed iam tempus eſt, vt his relictis, <lb></lb>ad genus perfectiorum animalium ( hæc au<lb></lb>tem digitos habent in pedibus, non vngu<lb></lb>las) tranſeamus. </s> <s id="s.007908">Perfectiora verò nobis ini<lb></lb>tium dabunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007909"><margin.target id="marg1115"></margin.target>Camelus <lb></lb>magis omni<lb></lb>bus aliis <lb></lb>animalibus <lb></lb>videtur ho<lb></lb>minum cau<lb></lb>ſa factus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007910"><margin.target id="marg1116"></margin.target>Cur anima<lb></lb>lia nobiliora <lb></lb>formam ha<lb></lb>beant pro<lb></lb>priam aliis <lb></lb>omnibus <lb></lb>abſimilem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007911"><margin.target id="marg1117"></margin.target>Mulæ cur <lb></lb>ſteriles.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007912"><margin.target id="marg1118"></margin.target>Sterilitatis <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007913"><margin.target id="marg1119"></margin.target>Cameli In<lb></lb>dici.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007914">Perfectiores autem in hoc genere canes <lb></lb>ſunt, atque hi è lupis olim ortum habue<lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.007915">Cùm verò efferantur, primò quidem <lb></lb>in agreſtes, inde in lupos, ſicut & lupi ci<lb></lb>cures poſt multas generationes in canes <lb></lb>tranſeunt. </s> <s id="s.007916">Vnde lyciſca è lupo caneque nec <lb></lb>obſtat vocis varietas, quandoquidem in <lb></lb>occidentalis Indiæ Hiſpana inſula canes ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1120"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>toto muti ſint, quantò magis vlulare poſ<lb></lb>ſunt, cùm etiam aliqui canes domeſtici <lb></lb>vlulent, tametſi inter oſtenta habeatur. </s> <s id="s.007917">In<lb></lb>dicio quoque eſt canes è luporum genere <lb></lb>eſſe, rabies, vtriſque communis morbus, <lb></lb>atque pernicioſiſſimus: ſed tamen in lupo <lb></lb>etiam grauior, ac prorſus immedicabilis, <lb></lb>adeò vt furens lupus ad ſexaginta animalia <lb></lb>diuerſi generis occiderit, in quibus homi<lb></lb>nes erant plus quàm viginti: nec quiſquam <lb></lb>euaſit, qui ab eo læſus eſſet, neque animal <lb></lb>vllum, cùm etiam equus vix vngue, non <lb></lb>dentibus ſcalptus perierit: niſi vir quem <lb></lb>multis vulneribus confecerat. </s> <s id="s.007918">Cauſam fuiſ<lb></lb>ſe credo, quòd illi multus effluxerit ſan<lb></lb>guis. </s> <s id="s.007919">Eſt autem rabies morbus ex putredine <lb></lb>ſicca: ob id in fero animali, & ſponte ſua <lb></lb>iam ſicciore, ſæuior. </s> <s id="s.007920">Omnis tamen rabies, <lb></lb>vbi ad aquæ timorem peruenerint, inſana<lb></lb>bilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.007921">Vnde Ouidius: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Nec formidatis vlla medetur aquis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007922"><margin.target id="marg1120"></margin.target>Derabie</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007923">Miſcetur canis vulpi & tigridi commu<lb></lb>nibus filiis, qui vtriuſque referunt formam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007924">Nam cùm tempora geſtationis vteri conue<lb></lb>nerint, miſceri poſſunt, vt in arboribus di<lb></lb>ctum eſt, & cibus communis extiterit. </s> <s id="s.007925">Alo<lb></lb>peca è cane ac vulpe, quem vidi, maſculus <lb></lb>erat & mutus, neſcio an tales ſint omnes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007926">Hoc animal ingenioſiſſimum videtur natu<lb></lb>ra homini conſultò copulaſſe, quòd ſemper <lb></lb>natura ſimilia ſimilibus nectere nitatur, & <lb></lb>morum ſimilitudo pariat, ac retineat amici<lb></lb>tiam. </s> <s id="s.007927">Grauis enim eſſet canis homini, ni <lb></lb>adeò ſolers natura eſſet: amatur ob diligen<lb></lb>tiam & ingenium, quibus placet. </s> <s id="s.007928">Ferociſ<lb></lb>ſimi, & robuſtiſſimi maximique ſunt in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1121"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Corſica inſula, tum ob aërem, humido enim <lb></lb>creſcunt quæ natura ſunt ſicca tum ob <lb></lb>exercitationem & educationem. </s> <s id="s.007929">Caput ha<lb></lb>bent maximum, corporis comparatione, <lb></lb>quod etiam magum eſt. </s> <s id="s.007930">Cibus, pugna, aër, <lb></lb>educatio, natura illos immutant, adeò vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1122"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſpecie differre videantur. </s> <s id="s.007931">Docentur odiſſe <lb></lb>genera quædam hominum, vt quondam <lb></lb>Rhodi Turcas, Bezerillus Indos. </s> <s id="s.007932">Hic erat <lb></lb>canis, qui homines Indos ab Hiſpanis diſ<lb></lb>cernebat, autore Gonzalo Fernando Ouie<lb></lb>do. </s> <s id="s.007933">Humanis carnibus maximè efferantur, & <lb></lb>ſenſum ſupra naturam acuunt: vt ille doctus <lb></lb>eſſet, volentes ducere, nolentes lacerare, <lb></lb>proſtratis parcere. </s> <s id="s.007934">Quod illi in Dei volun<lb></lb>tatem & indulgentiam transferunt, ego vel <lb></lb>cibo humanæ carnis tribuo, vel vſui, vel <lb></lb>potius dæmonum auxilio. </s> <s id="s.007935">Neque enim pla<lb></lb>cere Deo tantam crudelitatem mihi perſua<lb></lb>ſerim. </s> <s id="s.007936">Hic vocem pugnantium, retrahen<lb></lb>tiumque intelligebat, doctus, & digito vel <lb></lb>nomine demonſtratos aggredi, lacerare, <lb></lb>trahere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007937"><margin.target id="marg1121"></margin.target>Canes acer<lb></lb>rimi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007938"><margin.target id="marg1122"></margin.target>Canis mi<lb></lb>rabilis ſen<lb></lb>ſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007939">Naſci animalia, hominum moribus ſimi<lb></lb>lia, in ſingulis fermè regionibus, edocet in <lb></lb>Lithuania Roſomacha, ſeu Gulo animal <lb></lb>quantitate canis, facie felis, dorſo & cauda <lb></lb>vulpis: pedes & vngues aſperi, ac firmi, <lb></lb>tum dentes. </s> <s id="s.007940">Atque adeò vt canes qui lupos <lb></lb>non reformidant, ab eis abſtineant. </s> <s id="s.007941">Pellis <lb></lb>albicat fuſco admiſto, variaſque formas li<lb></lb>neis quibuſdam deductis exprimit. </s> <s id="s.007942">Eiuſmodi <lb></lb>videre licet in his pannis, qui ex Aſia ad<lb></lb>uehuntur, vocanturque Zambeloti. </s> <s id="s.007943"><expan abbr="Conſtãt">Conſtant</expan> <lb></lb>hi ( vt fertur) caprarum pilis, vndulato ope<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1123"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.007944">Tales figuras natura finxit in gulonum <lb></lb>pellibus, quæ vbi calorem conceperint, re<lb></lb>tinent: ſtatim verò concipiunt: ob id tum <lb></lb>propter pulchritudinem, tum rarietatem <lb></lb>principum geſtamen eſt. </s> <s id="s.007945">Quamvis ſomnia <lb></lb>fera immittant. </s> <s id="s.007946">Nam & inſidias moliri <pb pagenum="526" xlink:href="016/01/175.jpg"></pb>videntur, & comedere, timorque illos exa<lb></lb>gitat: vt enim cibi ſomnia gignunt pro <lb></lb>naturæ qualitate, odorati plerunque ignes, <lb></lb>dulces aquas, ſic pelles humores atque va<lb></lb>pores mouent. </s> <s id="s.007947">Vngulæ quoque geſtatæ tin<lb></lb>nitui & vertigini conferunt. </s> <s id="s.007948">Recentes ſeu <lb></lb>odore, ſeu aſpectu, canes ac feles terrent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007949">Dentibus magica vis ineſſe creditur: adeps <lb></lb>vulnera quæcunque efficaciter ſanat. </s> <s id="s.007950">San<lb></lb>guinem melli & aquæ miſtum bibunt in <lb></lb>nuptiis, incertum pro nectare an amuleto. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007951">Fides ex eorum inteſtinis aſperiorem in ly<lb></lb>ris ſonum edunt. </s> <s id="s.007952">Ipſum autem animal adeò <lb></lb>eſt vorax, vt cùm cadauera depaſcatur, ple<lb></lb>num iam ventre toto, inter duas arbores, <lb></lb>quæ parum inuicem diſtent aluo compreſ<lb></lb>ſa emittat quod ederit, inde ad ſaginam re<lb></lb>uertatur. </s> <s id="s.007953">Sic Lithuani hominum ſunt vo<lb></lb>raciſſimi. </s> <s id="s.007954">Aut igitur potentia pellis talis <lb></lb>eſt, ad actum autem calore hominis dedu<lb></lb>citur: aut refrigerato ventriculo id con<lb></lb>tingit: ventriculus enim calore plurimo, at<lb></lb>que exiguo abundans vix ſatiatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007955"><margin.target id="marg1123"></margin.target>Roſomacha.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007956">Sed & reuertar ad canes, nullum animal eſt <lb></lb><expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> docile docetur venari, explorare, & ferre. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007957">Vt eſſe ingenioſum, ſiccum eſſe oportuit: In<lb></lb>genioſiores ſunt, qui caput rotundum ha<lb></lb>bent, & naſum admodum depreſſum. </s> <s id="s.007958">Do<lb></lb>centur vertere veru, vt in caupona Leonis <lb></lb>Papiæ: nam ibi plures inſtructos videas. </s> <s id="s.007959">Na<lb></lb>tura illi odoratum acerrimum dedit: eò ma<lb></lb>gni venationibus apti, parui in lectis & <lb></lb>obſcuro dominis ſuis blandiuntur. </s> <s id="s.007960">Vbi feles <lb></lb>ſepultus ſit, vel ſi illius pellem ſiccam inue<lb></lb>nerint, reuoluunt ſe: delectantur enim <lb></lb>odore mortuæ, quàm viuam oderunt. </s> <s id="s.007961">Pu<lb></lb>treſcentem tamen refugiunt: odor enim <lb></lb>ſiccæ carnis cùm putruerit, illis grauis eſt, <lb></lb>hominibus autem omnis. </s> <s id="s.007962">Iracundum ani<lb></lb>mal eſt, & non ſecus ad homines rixis <lb></lb>aſſuetum. </s> <s id="s.007963">Accurrit enim ſpontè ad <expan abbr="pugnã-tes">pugnan<lb></lb>tes</expan>, fugientes atque clamantes inſequitur, <lb></lb>& vrget, quamvis omninò incognitos. </s> <s id="s.007964">No<lb></lb>larum ſtrepitu atque tubarum clangore, tum <lb></lb>aſinorum rudentium voce, aliiſque multis <lb></lb>magnis ſonis vlulant: hæc autem vox illis <lb></lb>fletus eſt, ob iræ impatientiam. </s> <s id="s.007965">Quàm etiam <lb></lb>ob cauſam lunam inſpicientes latrant & <lb></lb>vlulant, quòd ſe ab illa contemni exiſti<lb></lb>ment, at que id ægrè ferant. </s> <s id="s.007966">Sic enim & <lb></lb>pueri, & mulieres, cùm vlciſci iniurias <lb></lb>nequeunt, plorant. </s> <s id="s.007967">Quum membrum <lb></lb>oſſeum ſit, ne ventrem vrina conſper<lb></lb>gant, mingentes pedem eleuant. </s> <s id="s.007968">Indicio <lb></lb>eſt, quòd nec fœminæ, nec catuli id fa<lb></lb>ciunt. </s> <s id="s.007969">Nam fœminis nullum eſt membrum, <lb></lb>catulis verò adeò molle, vt verſus terram <lb></lb>flecti poſſit, atque ſic meiendo haud ven<lb></lb>trem conſpurcant. </s> <s id="s.007970">Sagacitate tanta ſunt, <lb></lb>vt ceruum laſſum in gregem fugientem ab <lb></lb>aliis ſeligant, vt fatigatum vexantes ſtimu<lb></lb>lanteſque faciliùs aſſequantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007971">Venantur fermè ſponte, docentur explo<lb></lb>rare. </s> <s id="s.007972">Quidam odore aues explorant, quos ſa<lb></lb>gaces dicunt, vulgus brachos: alij lepores & <lb></lb>ceruos, qui primùm retinent nomen. </s> <s id="s.007973">Sunt <lb></lb>& retiarij, qui intuitu terrent perdices, ac <lb></lb>coturnices, donec retibus capiantur. </s> <s id="s.007974">Com<lb></lb>mune omnibus canibus eſt domum tueri, <lb></lb>oblatrare aduenis, & perſequi pauperes, & <lb></lb>qui laceris veſtibus ſunt. </s> <s id="s.007975">Inſtruuntur ſen<lb></lb>ſim ad ferendum: primò proiecto pane, <lb></lb>ſed ſicut parêre imperanti, & ad ſe vocan<lb></lb>ti cogatur: pòſt panis pyxidi clauo includi<lb></lb>tur, vt cùm panem famelicus inuaſerit, py<lb></lb>xidem forat vocatus, ne panem relinquat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007976">Senſim verò à clauo panis aufertur, vt tan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1124"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dem conſuetudine pyxidem clauo modicè <lb></lb>capto referat. </s> <s id="s.007977">Sic tandem ferrum reportat, <lb></lb>eademque ratione lapides, & quicquid eſt <lb></lb><expan abbr="difficillimũ">difficillimum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.007978">Tandem aquis tabella immitti<lb></lb>tur cum pane, inde clauus cum pane: eadem <lb></lb>induſtria panis clauo adiicitur muro infixo, <lb></lb>vt canis non ceſſet, donec clauum eruerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.007979">In omnibus fame opus eſt magiſtra, iuxta <lb></lb>Perſianum illud: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Venter negatas artifex ædi voces.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007980"><margin.target id="marg1124"></margin.target>Modus quo <lb></lb>canes docen<lb></lb>tur ferre.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007981">Semeſtri ſpatio temporis ſic canem eru<lb></lb>diui, vt nec puer docilior videri poſſet, aut <lb></lb>ad mandata promptior, cùm nutus ipſos <lb></lb>intelligerent. </s> <s id="s.007982">Et quamvis totum in docentis <lb></lb>induſtria ſit repoſitum, eliguntur tamen pi<lb></lb>loſi, ac pilo minimè recto, ſed tenui atque <lb></lb>molli, tum prono: ingenioſiores hi viden<lb></lb>tur, & patientiores laborum, ac magis obe<lb></lb>dientes, qui & parum latrant, vt melitei <lb></lb>gratiores, nullius tamen vſus ob paruita<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.007983">Certa non eſt canum magnitudo, nec <lb></lb>ingenium, nec color vnus, nec vox. </s> <s id="s.007984">Alij bo<lb></lb>ues fermè æquant, magnitudine, alij muri<lb></lb>bus non ſunt maiores, muti alij, alij clamoſi, <lb></lb>alij vlulant etiam. </s> <s id="s.007985">Rubei, candidi, ruffi, nigri, <lb></lb>varij, alij obeſi, alij curſores, alij macilenti, <lb></lb>rudes alij, ac quaſi ruſtici, alij manſueti, cru<lb></lb>deles, alij feroces, timidi alij, & quidem <lb></lb>apti ad omnia, ſeu ſenſibus, ſeu ingenio va<lb></lb>leant. </s> <s id="s.007986">Ita denique nihil moribus & va<lb></lb>rietate hominum diſcrimina, adeò æmula<lb></lb>tur vt canis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007987">Verùm quidam præferunt elephantes, âlij <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1125"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cercopithecos canicos canibus, induſtria & <lb></lb>ſagacitate. </s> <s id="s.007988">Elephantem vidiſſe ſe refert Ar<lb></lb>rianus, qui cùm in auribus bina haberet <lb></lb>cymbala, promuſcide alternatim ea tange<lb></lb>bat ad rhythmum, ſaltabatque pro rhythmi <lb></lb>ratione, cæteris eum imitantibus, choream<lb></lb>que ducentibus. </s> <s id="s.007989">Iidem tanguntur miſericor<lb></lb>dia, & regem adorant, & iuramentum no<lb></lb>runt & exigunt, & ſydera venerantur, & ſui <lb></lb>miſeret: agnoſcunt ſeſſorem, & vltionem <lb></lb>expetunt ab his, à quibus iniuſtè vexantur, <lb></lb>& nihil ad humanitatem deeſſe ei videtur, <lb></lb>præter ſermonem, quum multi etiam ho<lb></lb>mines bruti & diſciplina, & moribus ipſis <lb></lb>elephantis magis videantur. </s> <s id="s.007990">Vidimus nos <lb></lb>elephantem reginæ Mariæ Bohemorum, fi<lb></lb>liæ Caroli Quinti Cæſaris, iuuenculum, an<lb></lb>num ſcilicet agentem decimum tertium: <lb></lb>nam florent circiter annum ſexageſimum, <lb></lb>viuunt ad ducentos certè: referunt pluri<lb></lb>mi, ad trecentos, quod verum exiſtimo, <lb></lb>ſed rarò: velut in hominibus, quorum <lb></lb>etſi ſit plerunque longiſſima vita octogin<lb></lb>ta annorum, viuunt tamen aliqui rariſ<lb></lb>ſimo exemplo ad centum viginti, plures <lb></lb>tamen excedunt octoginta. </s> <s id="s.007991">Is igitur adeò <lb></lb>docilis erat, vt ſeſſorem ſuum planè non <lb></lb>ſecus, quàm homo alius intelligeret. </s> <s id="s.007992">Im<lb></lb>perabat, admonebat, vno verbo opus tan<lb></lb>tùm erat. </s> <s id="s.007993">Inter reliqua cùm aſcendere vellet, <pb pagenum="527" xlink:href="016/01/176.jpg"></pb>dextrum crus flectebat: vtque ſenſim aſcen<lb></lb>deret, illud eleuabat: baculum quo rege<lb></lb>batur vbi excidiſſet, promuſcide acceptum <lb></lb>porrexit ſeſſori, quem adeò diligebat, vt <lb></lb>ab illo admonitus quòd abſconditurus eſſet <lb></lb>ſe in cœnaculo maiore, cùm quiſpiam di<lb></lb>ceret, Seſſorem tuum quærito, ad illum re<lb></lb>cta iuit, <expan abbr="inuenitq;">inuenitque</expan> inuento mirum in modum <lb></lb>blandiabatur. </s> <s id="s.007994">Vbi Archiepiſcopus Mediola<lb></lb>nenſis adeſſet, monitus illum inclinatis ante<lb></lb>rioribus cruribus & capite ſalutauit. </s> <s id="s.007995">Vbi ille <lb></lb>diceret, Effare aliquid, mugiuit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.007996"><margin.target id="marg1125"></margin.target>Elephantis <lb></lb>forma.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.007997">Sed præſtat formam ad amuſſim deſcri<lb></lb>bere. </s> <s id="s.007998">Primùm quidem illius altitudo tanta <lb></lb>erat, vt homo erectis manibus non attin<lb></lb>geret dorſum, & erat ( vt dixi) iuuencu<lb></lb>lus. </s> <s id="s.007999">Craſſities duorum boum. </s> <s id="s.008000">Sed adultis <lb></lb>& maximis ( nam & in his velut equis <lb></lb>aliiſque animalibus non exiguum diſcri<lb></lb>men ſecundum regiones & ſtirpes) pro vi<lb></lb>gintiquinque quandoque bobus corporis <lb></lb>moles eſt. </s> <s id="s.008001">Altitudo maximis vſque ad de<lb></lb>cem cubitos, quod facilè eſt etiam con<lb></lb>iectari ex dentium magnitudine: huic <lb></lb>enim cùm tantus eſſet, dentes cubitum <lb></lb>cum dimidio non excedebant, cùm ta<lb></lb>men viderim ego non ſemel, qui fermè <lb></lb>ſex cubitos, vel incurui æquarent: qui ſi <lb></lb>recti fuiſſent, longiores plane fuiſſent ſep<lb></lb>tem cubitis. </s> <s id="s.008002">Narrat enim Ludouicus Ver<lb></lb>tomanus vidiſſe duos, qui pondus 325. libra<lb></lb>rum æquabant. </s> <s id="s.008003">Poteſt vnuſquiſque ſecum <lb></lb>reputare, quanta debuerit eſſe animalis il<lb></lb>lius magnitudo. </s> <s id="s.008004">Sed ad ordinem reuertor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008005">Longitudo elephantis minimè altitudini <lb></lb>reſpondet: eſt enim multò altior, quàm <lb></lb>pro longitudinis ratione. </s> <s id="s.008006">Crura habet tere<lb></lb>tia, ac ad columnarum modum, atque in his <lb></lb>iuncturas. </s> <s id="s.008007">Coxæ rectæ deſcendunt, nec in <lb></lb>anteriorem partem, vt bobus exporrigun<lb></lb>tur: hocque ideò contingit, quòd iuncturæ <lb></lb>genuum ſunt æquales, atque adeò æquales, <lb></lb>vt niſi flectere crura videas, iunctura ca<lb></lb>rere credas. </s> <s id="s.008008">Inde natam exiſtimo opinio<lb></lb>nem, quòd iuncturis careant, quàm ſuſpi<lb></lb>cionem auxit illius inceſſus: nam diſtentis <lb></lb>cruribus, ac ſi iuncturis omninò careat, <lb></lb>ambulat. </s> <s id="s.008009">Sunt autem illius crura anteriora <lb></lb>poſterioribus longiora. </s> <s id="s.008010">Porrò inceſſus ille <lb></lb>cruribus diſtentis, maximi roboris argumen<lb></lb>tum eſt, & cauſa velocioris inceſſus: nam <lb></lb>difficiliùs mouetur quod à longiore ſpacio: <lb></lb>vt in haſtis, quæ difficiliùs mouentur ex <lb></lb>imo quàm ex medio, & æqualis angulus <lb></lb>tantò maius ſpacium intercipit, quantò cru<lb></lb>ris ſuprema pars à genu ipſo longius diſtite<lb></lb>rit. </s> <s id="s.008011">Pedes rotundi in quinque digitos diuiſi, <lb></lb>ſed diuiſio ea obſcura eſt. </s> <s id="s.008012">Sunt autem pla<lb></lb>ni & abſque munimento vllo, vnde exco<lb></lb>gitata ratio ſecandi pedes ſecuribus à Ro<lb></lb>manis: ſunt enim lati, vt orbes plum<lb></lb>bei, quibus ad veſcendum vtimur. </s> <s id="s.008013">Maſ<lb></lb>culus maximum habet membrum genitale, <lb></lb>quòd fermè vſque ad terram attingit, licet <lb></lb>alij hoc negent. </s> <s id="s.008014">Fœminæ duæ mammæ tan<lb></lb>tùm, atque adeò paruæ, vt ſub armis lati<lb></lb>tent. </s> <s id="s.008015">Cauda vt ſuis pro ratione, ſed fer<lb></lb>mè abſque pilis vllis, & prælonga, adeò <lb></lb>vt à terra imum eius ne palmo diſtet. </s> <s id="s.008016">Cu<lb></lb>tis quoque imò corium duriſſimum, & ſi<lb></lb>militer abſque pilis: rariſſimus enim eſt, vt <lb></lb>vnus aut alter hincinde colligatur. </s> <s id="s.008017">Cancellis <lb></lb>verò totam contexta videtur. </s> <s id="s.008018">Piloſus eſt <lb></lb>dorſi ſuprema parte: quæ etiam aliqualiter <lb></lb>iuxta renes in gibbam aſcendit: & auribus <lb></lb>ipſis, quæ prægrandes ſunt, ac quaſi duo<lb></lb>rum palmorum, abſque forma aurium, ſed <lb></lb>quaſi quadratæ ſunt: his in duobus locis <lb></lb>frequens pilus eſt, ac vt cæteris animali<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.008019">Color toti corpori vnus, ſcilicet fuſ<lb></lb>cus cinereo immiſtus, ita vt non alter ab <lb></lb>altero diſtingui queat. </s> <s id="s.008020">Collum breue. </s> <s id="s.008021">Ca<lb></lb>put vix à collo diſtinguitur. </s> <s id="s.008022">Oculi val<lb></lb>de parui, ſed tamen acutè cernit. </s> <s id="s.008023">E ſu<lb></lb>prema parte frontis naſus exporrigitur, non <lb></lb>vt in aliis animalibus iunctus capiti, ſed <lb></lb>diſiunctus, qui vſque ad terram exporrigi<lb></lb>tur, vt tanta ſit fermè eius longitudo, quan<lb></lb>ta animalis altitudo: proboſcidem vocant, <lb></lb>aliqui etiam promuſcidem, plerique ma<lb></lb>num. </s> <s id="s.008024">Hanc ( vt dixi ) narium loco eſſe ne<lb></lb>mo dubitat, poſtquàm diuiſa eſt, vt naris, <lb></lb>& ea reſpirat elephas, atque odorat. </s> <s id="s.008025">Imum <lb></lb>eius quale porci naſus, color, rotunditas, di<lb></lb>uiſo. </s> <s id="s.008026">Sed ſubſtantia proboſcidis multùm à <lb></lb>naſi ſubſtantia differt: vſus verò multiplex. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008027">Nam tota neruea eſt & coriacea, adeò vt <lb></lb>eam colligat, atque remittat quomodo li<lb></lb>bet: breuem enim quandoque adeò facit, vt <lb></lb>vix cubitum ſuperet, atque tunc latiſſima <lb></lb>eſt: quandoque verò ita extendit, vt angu<lb></lb>ſta deſcendat ad terram, non craſſior fermè <lb></lb>humano brachio: eſt tamen mollioris ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ, quàm reliqua cutis. </s> <s id="s.008028">Atque ideò <lb></lb>Romani præſcindere eam aggrediebantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008029">Circumuoluit eam vndique, atque maxi<lb></lb>ma cum celeritate: ſi libet, ea haurit po<lb></lb>tum, cibum quoque capit, & in os mit<lb></lb>tit: nam promuſcide non edit, ſed ore: nec <lb></lb>ore edere, aut bibere poteſt abſque promuſ<lb></lb>cide. </s> <s id="s.008030">Os itaque latitat ſub capite, ſimile <lb></lb>ori ſuis: ſed dentibus omnibus tam ſupe<lb></lb>rioribus, quàm inferioribus caret: nudaſ<lb></lb>que habet gingiuas, nec vllos habet alios <lb></lb>dentes, quàm molares quibus edit, & duos <lb></lb>illos prælongos qui altrinſecus prominent, è <lb></lb>mandibula nati ſuperiore, & verſus terram <lb></lb>deſcendentes, proboſcidemque in medio <lb></lb>habentes. </s> <s id="s.008031">Atque hi ita deſcendunt, vt ca<lb></lb>ua dentis pars anterior ſit: quæ animal reſ<lb></lb>picit, gibba. </s> <s id="s.008032">Ideoque acies ipſa ſurſum <lb></lb>reſpicit, vt ſi caput eleuet, facilè in ſinu <lb></lb>dentium poſſit trabem, aut tranſuerſum ho<lb></lb>minem ſuſtinere. </s> <s id="s.008033">Porrò proboſcidi tantum <lb></lb>roboris ineſt, vt arbores quas viginti homi<lb></lb>nes euertere nequeunt, proboſcide circum<lb></lb>data vno, vel altero ictu proſternant. </s> <s id="s.008034">Vidi<lb></lb>mus nos capite illum, quæ cupit euertere, <lb></lb>prementem: iuuatur & dentibus illis pro<lb></lb>minentibus. </s> <s id="s.008035">Linguam adeò paruam ha<lb></lb>bet, vt vix conſpici queat. </s> <s id="s.008036">Vocem dupli<lb></lb>citer emittit: ex promuſcide velut tubæ <lb></lb>raucam, & ex ore velut hominis loquentis <lb></lb>ſimul, ac ſpirantis, vnde ſpirabundam eam <lb></lb>vocat Ariſtoteles. </s> <s id="s.008037">Palàm eſt autem hanc ad <lb></lb>affectus exprimendos, & maximè commiſe<lb></lb>rationem eſſe accommodatam: ob id nil <lb></lb>mirum equos non tam animal, quàm vo<lb></lb>cem vtranque maximè formidare. </s> <s id="s.008038">Cæte<lb></lb>rùm in bello ſolebant. </s> <s id="s.008039">Indi enſem duorum <pb pagenum="528" xlink:href="016/01/177.jpg"></pb>cubitorum promuſcidis imo alligare, cùm <lb></lb>quo hoſtes occideret. </s> <s id="s.008040">Solet enim ſola vo<lb></lb>ce rectoris monitus noſcere, quos ferire <lb></lb>debeat, & à quibus debeat abſtinere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008041">Tantum verò etiam corpori ineſt robo<lb></lb>ris, vt duo ex his iuncti nauem maximam <lb></lb>onuſtam in terram trahant. </s> <s id="s.008042">Olim quoque <lb></lb>& nunc Indi ſolent duabus catenis ferreis <lb></lb>circumligatis ſub ventre duas addere cli<lb></lb>tellas alteram hincinde, illiſque ligneum <lb></lb>ſuperimponere caſtellum, in quibus ſeni <lb></lb>homines erecti, & quandoque etiam vſ<lb></lb>que ad quatuordecim, pugnantes omni <lb></lb>telorum genere, ſtant. </s> <s id="s.008043">Sed nunc ob tor<lb></lb>menta bellica euiluit id pugnæ genus, tum <lb></lb>maximè quòd elephantes ignem formi<lb></lb>dant: ideoque aduerſus illos Indi faces <lb></lb>ferre ſolent, à quibus adeò terrentur, vt <lb></lb>longè plus mali fugiendo ſuis, quàm ho<lb></lb>ſtibus pugnando inferant. </s> <s id="s.008044">Fœminæ ira<lb></lb>cundiores ſunt, ac ſæuiores, robuſtioreſ<lb></lb>que maſculis, licet corpore minores. </s> <s id="s.008045">Et, <lb></lb>quòd mirum eſt, cùm tam tardè ad iu<lb></lb>uentutem perueniant, à duodecimo tamen <lb></lb>anno geſtare fœtum, cùm celerrimè: à de<lb></lb>cimoquinto, cùm tardiſſimè incipiunt: fe<lb></lb>runt autem toto biennio. </s> <s id="s.008046">Similiter maſculus <lb></lb>quinto anno Venere vti incipit, coitque ve<lb></lb>re, nec niſi ſingulo triennio redit ad Ve<lb></lb>nerem: & quàm ſemel grauidam relique<lb></lb>rit, inire ampliùs non ſuſtinet. </s> <s id="s.008047">Catulus <lb></lb>ipſe cùm naſcitur trimeſtrem vitulum æ<lb></lb>quat: cumque ambulat adeò gradatim pro<lb></lb>greditur, vt mula edocta, aut aſturco vi<lb></lb>deatur. </s> <s id="s.008048">Grandiores autem adeò molliter in<lb></lb>cedunt, vt velut nauigantibus per mare, <lb></lb>his qui non aſſueti inſederint, aut in li<lb></lb>gneis caſtellis vehuntur, nausea commo<lb></lb>ueatur propter corporis magnitudinem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008049">Licet leniter incedat: homo greſſu conci<lb></lb>tato vix eum aſſequi poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008050">Cibum maxi<lb></lb>mum capiunt & potum, ſupra quàm cre<lb></lb>di poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008051">Regionibus frigidioribus alunt <lb></lb>eos frumento cocto & melle, vt cœli in<lb></lb>iuriam ſuſtinere poſſint: in propriis autem <lb></lb>regionibus, herbis & ramis tum fructibus <lb></lb>veſcuntur: vnde arbores ob id proſter<lb></lb>nunt: habitant locis paluſtribus, atque <lb></lb>limoſis, regionibuſque calidis. </s> <s id="s.008052">Sunt cupidi <lb></lb>gloriæ: & quæ diſcunt die, ſolent nocte <lb></lb>meditari. </s> <s id="s.008053">Ferunt aprorum vocem formare, <lb></lb>vt ab equis formidantur. </s> <s id="s.008054">Sed hunc quem <lb></lb>hîc vidimus adeò non formidare equi vi<lb></lb>debantur, vt mulæ alioquin timidiſſimæ ad <lb></lb>eum ſpontè accederent: quamobrem de ira<lb></lb>tis elephantis & in pugna, ac de voce ip<lb></lb>ſa eius, id intelligendum eſſe reor. </s> <s id="s.008055">Pro<lb></lb>boſcidi <expan abbr="tantã">tantam</expan> facilitas tractandi, vt etiam <lb></lb>ſtipem colligat: vnde illud Auguſti ada<lb></lb>gium, Tanquam ſtipem <expan abbr="elephãto">elephanto</expan> porrectu<lb></lb>rus: conſtringit enim eam in imo vt libet, <lb></lb>parteſque alias extendit, alias contrahit, <lb></lb>vt non melius digitis homo quicquam ap<lb></lb>prehendat. </s> <s id="s.008056">Precioſiſſima in illis ſunt, den<lb></lb>tes hi qui prominent, & virga, apud In<lb></lb>dos etiam, vt maximi veneat, neſcio in <lb></lb>quem vſum niſi ob Venerem, ideoque ex<lb></lb>petita regibus. </s> <s id="s.008057">Dentes verò ipſi, quia ex <lb></lb>his ebur optimum conſtat, nam ex om<lb></lb>nibus elephantorum oſſibus fit: ſed præci<lb></lb>puum ex his dentibus, viliſſimum ex oſſi<lb></lb>bus: medium eſt, quod ex dentibus mola<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1126"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ribus. </s> <s id="s.008058">Omne ebur tenax eſt, ſolidum & <expan abbr="cã-didum">can<lb></lb>didum</expan>, ideoque ad pectines nihil melius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008059">Nobilitas illi tanta: vt inter gemmas & au<lb></lb>rum ſedeat, quamvis copia viliorem effice<lb></lb>re deberet. </s> <s id="s.008060">Seruatur oleo, vel aqua, aliter <lb></lb>ſiccatur: ſiccatum primò nitorem amittit, <lb></lb>inde exeditur, demum etiam frangitur. </s> <s id="s.008061">De<lb></lb>fenditur igitur ab aëris iniuria vapore olei, <lb></lb>aut aquæ. </s> <s id="s.008062">Iuuenculis candidiores & mollio<lb></lb>res, vt in omni animalium genere dentes: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1127"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſenibus grandiores, duriores, ſicciores, ni<lb></lb>griores: optimi ad opera quæque in adui<lb></lb>tis. </s> <s id="s.008063">Incertum eſt an mutentur dentes hi: <lb></lb>ſed ſi mutantur, ſemel omninò tantùm <lb></lb>mutari neceſſe eſt: ob id nata diſputatio <lb></lb>inter Pauſaniam & Philoſtratum: Pauſa<lb></lb>nias cornua, Philoſtratus dentes eſſe con<lb></lb>tendit: diſputatio ſanè pulchra, ſed more <lb></lb>Græcorum, maximeque oratorum, inutilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008064">Iuba & Pauſanias cornua eſſe aiunt. </s> <s id="s.008065">Pri<lb></lb>mùm dicit Iuba, cornua nunquam mu<lb></lb>tantur, vt in bobus, & capris: dentes mu<lb></lb>tantur. </s> <s id="s.008066">Elephantorum dentes non mutan<lb></lb>tur non igitur ſunt dentes, ſed potius cor<lb></lb>nua. </s> <s id="s.008067">Pauſanias aſſumpto contrario idem <lb></lb>concludit, inquit enim: Cornua mutantur, <lb></lb>vt in ceruis: maiores dentes nunquam, ne<lb></lb>que enim apris hi qui prominent mutantur: <lb></lb>at dentes elephantorum mutantur: non igitur <lb></lb>dentes elephantorum, dentes ſunt, ſed potius <lb></lb>cornua. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008068"><margin.target id="marg1126"></margin.target>Ebur quid <lb></lb>ſit, etiam <lb></lb>quot gene<lb></lb>rum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008069">Ebur quomo<lb></lb>do ſeruetur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008070"><margin.target id="marg1127"></margin.target>Pauſanie & <lb></lb>Philoſtrati <lb></lb>diſputatio de <lb></lb>dentibus ele<lb></lb>phantorum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008071">Dentes quoque è mandibulis naſcuntur, <lb></lb>cornua ex temporibus: at elephantorum <lb></lb>dentes ex temporibus naſcuntur, non ex <lb></lb>mandibulis, hocque vidiſſe in elephanti <lb></lb>caluaria affirmat Pauſanias. </s> <s id="s.008072">Deinde dentes, <lb></lb>qui fulmina in apro vocantur, in mandibu<lb></lb>la inferiore naſcuntur: at in elephanto pa<lb></lb>làm eſt, ſi modò ex mandibula oriantur, ex <lb></lb>ſuperiore oriri. </s> <s id="s.008073">Elephas quoque exacuere il<lb></lb>los ſolet, vt tauri cornua, quod in dentibus <lb></lb>inſuetum eſt. </s> <s id="s.008074">Denique elephantorum den<lb></lb>tes igne molliuntur & diriguntur, quod <lb></lb>proprium eſt cornibus: nam dentes potius <lb></lb>vruntur ab igne, quàm molliantur. </s> <s id="s.008075">His <lb></lb>quinque rationibus tum Iuba, tum Pauſa<lb></lb>nias vtuntur, ad demonſtrandum, elephanti <lb></lb>dentes, dentes non meritò appellari debe<lb></lb>re, ſed cornua potius. </s> <s id="s.008076">Nos quoque duas ra<lb></lb>tiones firmiores adiicimus. </s> <s id="s.008077">Primum, quòd <lb></lb>elephantorum dentes teretes ſunt, exacte<lb></lb>que rotundi, abſque acie, quòd cornibus <lb></lb>proprium eſt. </s> <s id="s.008078">Nam dentes omnes mucrona<lb></lb>ti ſunt, vt apri, & canum atque aliorum om<lb></lb>nium. </s> <s id="s.008079">Elephas etiam dentibus ( vt dictum <lb></lb>eſt caret in anteriore parte, non ſolùm ſu<lb></lb>periore mandibula, ſed inferiore etiam, quòd <lb></lb>proprium eſt ſolùm cornigeris animalibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008080"><expan abbr="Elephãti">Elephanti</expan> igitur cornua illa erunt. </s> <s id="s.008081">Philoſtra<lb></lb>tus autem tres adducit rationes, ad demon<lb></lb>ſtrandum quòd hi dentes ſint, non cornua. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008082">Primam quòd cornibus iuxta annorum nu<lb></lb>merum circuli quidam innaſcuntur in radi<lb></lb>ce, vt in bobus, ac capris: dentibus nihil, <lb></lb>ſed ſunt vndique leues, nec annorum nu<lb></lb>mero quicquam accedit præter magnitudi<lb></lb>nem: at elephantorum dentes tales ſunt ſci<lb></lb>licet leues & abſque circulis. </s> <s id="s.008083">Hi etiam ſolidi <pb pagenum="529" xlink:href="016/01/178.jpg"></pb>ſunt vndequaque, nec inane habent quic<lb></lb>quam præter exiguum foramen, quod pro<lb></lb>prium eſt dentibus. </s> <s id="s.008084">Cornua verò vacua ſunt <lb></lb>intus, vt in bobus ſpectare licet. </s> <s id="s.008085">Nullum <lb></lb>etiam animal eſt cornibus præditum, niſi <lb></lb>quòd vngulas habet, & bifidas, vt cerui, ca<lb></lb>preoli, boues, capræ: at elephas neque vn<lb></lb>gulam habet in pedibus, ſed digitos: nec <lb></lb>bifidos, ſed in quinque partes diſtinctos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008086">Talia nugantur Græci ſtupore maximo le<lb></lb>uitatis, & imperitiæ: nam prima ratio di<lb></lb>centium cornua eſſe, adeò abſurda eſt, vt <lb></lb>oppoſita ſuppoſita aſſumant ad idem con<lb></lb>cludendum. </s> <s id="s.008087">Alter enim ſcilicet Iuba vult, <lb></lb>nunquam mutari elephantorum dentes, Pau<lb></lb>ſanias vult mutari: nec ſi alterutrum conce<lb></lb>datur, quicquam concludere poteſt, cùm <lb></lb>tam dentium, quàm cornuum quædam mu<lb></lb>tentur, quædam nunquam: vt in cornibus <lb></lb>cerui mutantur, boum non mutantur. </s> <s id="s.008088">In <lb></lb>dentibus apri fulmina non mutantur, nec <lb></lb>molares anteriores autem mutantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008089">Illud verò ſtuporis ingentis argumentum <lb></lb>quod Philoſtratus dicit, dentes elephanto<lb></lb>rum ob id mereri dentes appellari, quòd <lb></lb>ſolidi ſint, non inanes, vt cornua: primùm <lb></lb>quòd non omnia cornua ſunt inania, imò <lb></lb>pleraque ſolidiora, vt caprarum & ceruo<lb></lb>rum: inania ſunt boum & bubalorum. </s> <s id="s.008090">Dein<lb></lb>de quod maius eſt, quodque illum arguit <lb></lb>adeò fuiſſe in ſcribenda illa fabella negli<lb></lb>gentem, & oſcitantem, vt nunquam ne <lb></lb>dentem elephantis viderit, cuius ſemper <lb></lb>maxima fuit copia, vt audeat dicere, ele<lb></lb>phantorum dentes non eſſe intus vacuos, <lb></lb>cùm manifeſtè ſint vacui, vt aprorum ful<lb></lb>mina tota illa parte qua tempori inſerun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008091">Sed neque dentes omnes ſolidi ſunt, <lb></lb>quod ille præſupponit, cùm dentes ( vt di<lb></lb>xi) aprorum, qui prominent tota ea parte, <lb></lb>qua mandibulæ iunguntur, ſint inanes & <lb></lb>vacui. </s> <s id="s.008092">Itaque pudet iam tantæ ſtupiditatis <lb></lb>illorum: tum verò quæſitum illud nullius <lb></lb>propemodum vſus, & quod à ſubſtantia rei <lb></lb>quærendum erat: nam duobus verbis res <lb></lb>abſolui potuit. </s> <s id="s.008093">Conſtat enim eſſe dentes: <lb></lb>nam ſubſtantia eſt alba, minimè perſpicua, <lb></lb>nec flecti ſponte apta: ſed ſi cogatur, rum<lb></lb>pitur. </s> <s id="s.008094">Ecce quod habes quæſiti propriam <lb></lb>diſſolutionem atque perutilem. </s> <s id="s.008095">At igne ta<lb></lb>men ducitur: <expan abbr="cõcedo">concedo</expan>, docebimus & oſſa igne <lb></lb>duci, ſed non adeò faciliter vt cornua. </s> <s id="s.008096">Illud <lb></lb>potiùs præſtabat quærere, cur elephas tali <lb></lb>ſit forma præditus, atque eò maximè quòd <lb></lb>dentes maris prorſum cauitate reſpiciunt, </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.178.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/178/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.008097"><emph type="italics"></emph>Fœmina,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.178.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/178/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.008098"><emph type="italics"></emph>Mas,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>fœminæ autem gibba, vt in figura vides. </s> <s id="s.008099">Hoc <lb></lb>de fœmina nos haud vidimus, ſed credimus <lb></lb>Ariſtoteli conſtanter id affirmanti. </s> <s id="s.008100">Quæren<lb></lb>dum eſt igitur hoc diligenter: neque enim <lb></lb>obiter hæc naturam feciſſe credendum eſt, <lb></lb>ſed magna cum neceſſitate, maioreque ſa<lb></lb>pientia. </s> <s id="s.008101">Hoc autem fieri non poteſt, niſi <lb></lb>propoſito fine. </s> <s id="s.008102">Eſt autem finis, vt poſte<lb></lb>riùs docebimus, naturæ optimam aſſequi <lb></lb>perfectionem in cunctis: id autem eſt aſſi<lb></lb>milari diis, vt ita dicam. </s> <s id="s.008103">Illi autem præci<lb></lb>puè præcellunt longitudine vitæ, probita<lb></lb>te, beatitudine, ſapientia, & ſecuritate, Na<lb></lb>turæ igitur conatus erat vt animal ſimile <lb></lb>quanto magis poſſet effingere. </s> <s id="s.008104">Vt igitur <lb></lb>longæuum eſſet, principiis vitæ plurimùm <lb></lb>indigebat: ea ſunt calor & humidum. </s> <s id="s.008105">Si<lb></lb>militer & magnitudine, non ſolùm vt tu<lb></lb>tum eſſet ab iniuria cunctorum aliorum <lb></lb>animalium, ſed vt aëris violentiæ reſi<lb></lb>ſteret. </s> <s id="s.008106">Nullum enim animal paruum po<lb></lb>teſt eſſe valde longæuum. </s> <s id="s.008107">Nam ſi tenuium <lb></lb>ſit partium, ab aëris circumambientis aſ<lb></lb>ſidua pulſatione atteritur, & diſſipatur. </s> <s id="s.008108">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi craſſa ſit ſubſtantia, ſpontè citò interit, vt <lb></lb>boues. </s> <s id="s.008109">Erat & magnitudo ad ſecuritatem <lb></lb>commoda, ſicut & bonitas temperamenti ad <lb></lb>ſapientiam ſimul & vitæ longitudinem, ac <lb></lb>probitatem neceſſaria erat. </s> <s id="s.008110">At vt calor & <lb></lb>humidum abundaret, in calidis regionibus <lb></lb>ipſum naſci oportuit, & habitare in palu<lb></lb>ſtribus locis: quò fit, vt in India ſolùm & <lb></lb>Africa inueniatur: nam hæ ſunt calidiſſimæ <lb></lb>regiones: Indique multò robore & mole <lb></lb>corporis Africos <expan abbr="antecellãt">antecellant</expan>, quia India aquis <lb></lb>abundet: Africa autem aridior ſit. </s> <s id="s.008111">Opor<lb></lb>tuit autem vt plantis, & fructibus, & herbis <lb></lb>veſceretur, nam aliter probum animal eſſe <lb></lb>non potuiſſet: animalia enim omnia quæ <lb></lb>carne veſcuntur, ſunt iracunda, fraudulenta, <lb></lb>crudelia & ſuperba. </s> <s id="s.008112">Accedebat quòd tantæ <lb></lb>moli plurimus fuiſſet neceſſarius cibus, vt <lb></lb>vel perpetuò eſurire, vel animalia cuncta <lb></lb>deſtruere cogeretur. </s> <s id="s.008113">Erat etiam neceſſarium, <lb></lb>vt in perpetuo motu ad perſequendas feras <lb></lb>eſſet quòd tantæ moli fuiſſet incommodum: <lb></lb>Sed herbæ tamen cùm exigui ſint alimen<lb></lb>ti, breuem vitam effeciſſent, vt inquit Hip<lb></lb>pocrates: quamobrem oportebat eum trun<lb></lb>cis arborum & fructibus veſci. </s> <s id="s.008114">At his terræ <lb></lb>plurimùm admiſcetur, & lapillorum quan<lb></lb>doque, ob id neceſſarium fuit, vt illius cor<lb></lb>pus à talium eſu haud offenderetur, aliter <lb></lb>perpetuò ægrotaſſet. </s> <s id="s.008115">Non igitur terra aut <lb></lb>lapidibus deuoratis offenditur. </s> <s id="s.008116">At fructus <lb></lb>& rami arborum perſæpe altiores ſunt, quàm <lb></lb>vt animal efficere poſſet tantæ magnitudi<lb></lb>nis quod poſſet illos attingere: duritie igi<lb></lb>tur capitis proboſcidiſque & dentibus illum <lb></lb>muniuit ad euertendas arbores. </s> <s id="s.008117">Adiuuat & <lb></lb>proboſcidis longitudo ad decerpendos fru<lb></lb>ctus & ramos, ne vniuerſas arbores euer<lb></lb>tere cogeretur, quòd illi laborioſum fuiſſet, <lb></lb>atque damnoſum, nec ſolùm ipſi, ſed aliis, <lb></lb>ſublato alimento in poſterum. </s> <s id="s.008118">Vt ve<lb></lb>rò tutum eſſet à leonibus, dentes illos <lb></lb>effecit: nam cornua inepta erant prop<lb></lb>ter duas cauſas: tum quia coguntur col<lb></lb>lum inflectere, tum quia hoſtem non <lb></lb>tam bene vident. </s> <s id="s.008119">At colli flexura lon<lb></lb>gitudinem expoſtulat: vt igitur eſſet ro<lb></lb>buſtiſſimum, collo breui opus fuit, ac <lb></lb>minimè flexili: vnde & leones ceruicem <lb></lb>rarò, aut parum flectunt. </s> <s id="s.008120">Eſtque id <lb></lb>etiam ſignum in hominibus, ſi à natura <pb pagenum="530" xlink:href="016/01/179.jpg"></pb>ſit roboris, & fortitudinis. </s> <s id="s.008121">Dentes igitur <lb></lb>illos antè finxit, vſque eſſent robuſtiſſimi & <lb></lb>commodi, non iam mandibulæ inferiori, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1128"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>imò nec ſuperiori, ſed temporibus inſeruit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008122">Nam mandibula inferior ſola edendo mo<lb></lb>uetur, dentes ſuperiores nunquam: quam<lb></lb>vis plurimi hoc nec in ſeipſis animaduer<lb></lb>tant. </s> <s id="s.008123">Si igitur dentes in inferiori mandibu<lb></lb>la fuiſſent inſiti, robur ob illius paruitatem <lb></lb>habere non potuiſſent, & periculum luxa<lb></lb>tionis in magno niſu attuliſſent, & come<lb></lb>dendo mirum in modum fatigaſſent, & <lb></lb>tardaſſent elephantem. </s> <s id="s.008124">At quia materia den<lb></lb>tium opus erat ad tam prægrandes dentes <lb></lb>fingendos, ſuſtulit dentes omnes anterio<lb></lb>res tam ſuperiores, quàm inferiores, vt ex <lb></lb>his illos conficeret. </s> <s id="s.008125">At dentibus illis impe<lb></lb>diebatur, ne os in terram exporrigere poſ<lb></lb>ſet, ſimul ac breuitate colli: & quia denti<lb></lb>bus anterioribus careret, ob id neque ci<lb></lb>bum ex terra, neque potum è fontibus <lb></lb>haurire poterat: his omnibus longa ipſa <lb></lb>proboſcide, & inani, & admodum manus <lb></lb>comprehendente omnia, tum firmiſſimo <lb></lb>corio & neruis, tum vinculis & cartila<lb></lb>ginibus ſucurrit, effecitque ob id vt con<lb></lb>traheretur ad libitum, vel extenderetur, vel <lb></lb>circumuolueretur vndequaque: vnde illa & <lb></lb>cauda muſcas, & crabrones elidit. </s> <s id="s.008126">Sed cùm <lb></lb>ibi maior copia ſit harum infelicitatum, <lb></lb>quam vt cauda, vel proboſcide poſſit omnes <lb></lb>excutere ſimul <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> propter loca <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan>, quæ <lb></lb>neque cauda, neque proboſcis commodè po<lb></lb>teſt attingere, his incommodis duobus mo<lb></lb>dis natura ſecurrit: primùm cute, cancella<lb></lb>ta, qua illa comprehenſas collideret: ſecun<lb></lb>dum, vt cutis eſſet duriſſima, atque craſſiſ<lb></lb>ma, quod etiam ad arcendas iniurias aëris, <lb></lb>& ad ſecuritatem tum leonum, tum aliarum <lb></lb>grandiorum ferarum fuit non ſolùm vtiliſ<lb></lb>ſimum, ſed etiam neceſſarium. </s> <s id="s.008127">Quo fa<lb></lb>ctum eſt, vt tanta & tam dura cute non <lb></lb>fuerit commodum edere pilos: nam mate<lb></lb>ria pilorum in cutem tranſlata duriorem <lb></lb>illam efficit, & minus etiam erant pili ob <lb></lb>id neceſſarij: qui tamen ſi adfuiſſent, ma<lb></lb>gnum incommodum attuliſſent in aquis, & <lb></lb>paludibus verſanti. </s> <s id="s.008128">Vnde ſic ſemel excuſſo <lb></lb>tergore, totus nitet, & celerrimè ſicceſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008129">At cùm lingua ſit ob dentes, elephas autem <lb></lb>dentibus anterioribus careat, lingua parua <lb></lb>& intus recondita opus fuit, quoniam den<lb></lb>tibus molaribus inſeruire debuit. </s> <s id="s.008130">Simul ſi <lb></lb>magna fuſſet impedimentum afferret ne <lb></lb>proboſcis cibum, vſque ad dentes molares <lb></lb>porrigeret. </s> <s id="s.008131">Sed quia opus erat ad vitæ lon<lb></lb>gitudinem, vt optimè cibos manderet, qui <lb></lb>cùm ab anterioribus dentibus, quibus caret <lb></lb>diſſecari non poſſent, molares adeò robu<lb></lb>ſtos, & tam commodè fabricauit, vt que<lb></lb>madmodum teſtatur Ariſtoteles, cibum om<lb></lb>nem confeſtim redigat in farinam. </s> <s id="s.008132">Simul <lb></lb>etiam conſuluit, vt diu geſtaretur catulus <lb></lb>in vtero, tum propter vitæ longitudinem, <lb></lb>tum etiam ipſius vitæ longitudo cauſa fuit, <lb></lb>vt quamvis biennio fœmina in vtero ferat, <lb></lb>multos tamen poſſit generare. </s> <s id="s.008133">Neque enim <lb></lb>vllum animal quod parum in ventre ma<lb></lb>tris geſtetur, longæ vitæ eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008134">Ocu<lb></lb>lorum paruitas fuit, vt cum non recondi <lb></lb>poſſent, tutioies forent ab ictibus. </s> <s id="s.008135">Recondi <lb></lb>non poterant, quia à lateribus poſiti non <lb></lb>vidiſſent ea, quæ antè occurrerent: neceſſa<lb></lb>rium fuit autem eſſe à lateribus, ne ob ni<lb></lb>xum dentium & proboſcidis propinquita<lb></lb>tem læderentur, atque ita animal ante ſe<lb></lb>nium cæcum efficeretur, tum maximè quia <lb></lb>longiſſimæ vitæ futurum erat. </s> <s id="s.008136">Cumque ob <lb></lb>robur, ac dentes caput magnum efficere <lb></lb>cogeretur, informe, vt ita dicam, & ſine ro<lb></lb>tunditate efficit: qualiſcunque enim additio <lb></lb>ad ornamentum facta capiti, ipſum in im<lb></lb>menſum auxiſſet: ob id valde deforme ca<lb></lb>put habent elephantes. </s> <s id="s.008137">Diximus de illius vi<lb></lb>tæ longitudine ac ſecuritate, quæ etiam <lb></lb>cum ſummo robore coniuncta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008138">Sapien<lb></lb>tia verò ex temperamento procedit, vitæ <lb></lb>diuturnitate augetur & confirmatur. </s> <s id="s.008139">Vnde <lb></lb>ſenes ſapientiores, & qui ex eis naſcuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008140">Et nullum animal breuis vitæ valde ſapiens <lb></lb>eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008141">Vnde ſapientiſſima animalia <lb></lb>ſunt, camelus elephas & homo. </s> <s id="s.008142">Sed & ea<lb></lb>dem omnibus aliis longitudine præſtant. </s> <s id="s.008143">De <lb></lb>ſapientia loquor, quæ ex habitu acquiritur, <lb></lb>non quæ ingenita eſt, qua etiam inſecta <lb></lb>prædita ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008144">Ex ſapientia verò probitas <lb></lb>procedit: hoc enim demonſtratum eſt à no<lb></lb>bis in libris de Sapientia. </s> <s id="s.008145">Sed & ab eiſdem <lb></lb>cauſis, vt dixi, ex quibus vitæ longitudo & <lb></lb>ſapientia ipſa. </s> <s id="s.008146">Vt verò felix eſſet probi<lb></lb>tate ac ſapientia conſultum eſt: ſimul etiam <lb></lb>vt eſſet gregale, quod etiam ad ſecuritatem <lb></lb>multum conducit. </s> <s id="s.008147">Soliuaga enim animalia <lb></lb>omnia ſunt infeliciſſima: omnis enim feli<lb></lb>citas, quæ eſt præter contemplationem, <lb></lb>conſuetudine habetur, qua charos noſtros <lb></lb>tuemur & fouemus, & ab illis mutuò coli<lb></lb>mur. </s> <s id="s.008148">Itaque iam manifeſtum eſt, cur ele<lb></lb>phantem ſimul maximum, robuſtiſſimum, <lb></lb>longæuiſſimum, ſapientiſſimum, manſuetiſ<lb></lb>ſimum, ſecuriſſimum, & feliciſſimum om<lb></lb>nium belluarum natura crearit, quoniam <lb></lb>ſcilicet quinque ex his partes erant ſummæ <lb></lb>perfectionis ad imitationem illius ſummæ, <lb></lb>quæ in Deo eſt: reliqua duo ad illa quinque <lb></lb>neceſſaria erant. </s> <s id="s.008149">Ex quo patet, hominem <lb></lb>ipſum eſſe alterius generis ab omni bellua<lb></lb>rum natura diſiunctum, immortaleque quip<lb></lb>piam: nam vltimam perfectionem, quæ ex <lb></lb>mortali materia confici poterat, natura ele<lb></lb>phanto largita eſt. </s> <s id="s.008150">Videtur autem hoc ani<lb></lb>mal cum ſue aliquid habere ſimilitudinis, <lb></lb>cauda, proboſcide, cute, temperamento & <lb></lb>moribus: irritatum enim efferum eſt, aliàs <lb></lb>mite: & ſues ipſi gregatim incedunt, & loca <lb></lb>paluſtria diligunt, & oculos habent paruos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008151">Cæterùm ſues biſidam habent vngulam, ele<lb></lb>phantes <expan abbr="quinq;">quinque</expan> digitos haud diuiſos, ſed ſo<lb></lb>lùm leuiter diſcretos. </s> <s id="s.008152">Carent & dentibus an<lb></lb>terioribus <expan abbr="elephãtes">elephantes</expan>, ſues habent & fulmina <lb></lb>etiam in inferiore maxilla, non in ſuperio<lb></lb>re, neque in temporibus. </s> <s id="s.008153">Gerit hoc animal <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1129"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inimicitias maximas cum Rhinocerote: <lb></lb>hic eſt Indicus taurus. </s> <s id="s.008154">Corpus habet ele<lb></lb>phanti fermè magnitudine, cruribus bre<lb></lb>uioribus, colore buxeo. </s> <s id="s.008155">totus teſtis qui<lb></lb>buſdam in modum clypei armatus eſt à <lb></lb>natura. </s> <s id="s.008156">In maris extremo iuxta nominis <pb pagenum="531" xlink:href="016/01/180.jpg"></pb>etiam ſui ſignificatum cornu gerit palmi <lb></lb>longitudine paulò maius, duriſſimum, fir<lb></lb>miſſimum rectum atque præacutum, ſed <lb></lb>quod verſus frontem torqueatur, quodque <lb></lb>pugnaturus exacuit. </s> <s id="s.008157">Sunt & quidam ex his, <lb></lb>qui aliud exiguum etiam cornu habeant <lb></lb>in tergore. </s> <s id="s.008158">Referunt anno ſalutis milleſi<lb></lb>mo, quingenteſimodecimotertio, delatum <lb></lb>vnum ad Luſitaniæ Regem calendis Maij, <lb></lb>quem Rex biennio pòſt ſpectaculi cauſa <lb></lb>Vlyſiponæ cùm elephanto commiſit, vicit<lb></lb>que Rhinoceros. </s> <s id="s.008159">Adeò nihil natura voluit <lb></lb>omninò ab incommodis eſſe tutum: nam <lb></lb>elephantem hic ſolus exagitat, dicunt qui<lb></lb>dam & ſerpentem: ſed ſocietas elephantem <lb></lb>tutum ab vtroque reddit, nec periculo ſub<lb></lb>iacet, niſi cum cauſa aliqua à grege ſuo <lb></lb>diſiungitur. </s> <s id="s.008160">Rhinocerotem Pauſanias vidit, <lb></lb>agnouit & Plinius, non tamen Ariſtote<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1130"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>les. </s> <s id="s.008161">Conſtat hunc longè alium eſſe à Mo<lb></lb>nocerote, cum quo ſolùm nominis ſimi<lb></lb>litudine colludit. </s> <s id="s.008162">Eſt autem Monoceros <lb></lb>animal rarum, equi magnitudine, pilo <lb></lb>muſtelæ ſimillimo, capite ceruino, in quo <lb></lb>cornu creſcit vnicum, cubitorum trium lon<lb></lb>gitudine, media in fronte atque rectum, in <lb></lb>imo autem amplum, tendens in aciem. </s> <s id="s.008163">Col<lb></lb>lum breue, iuba rariſſima, & in alteram <lb></lb>tantùm partem tendente, crura velut ca<lb></lb>preolo tenuia poſteriorum exterior pars <lb></lb>multo pilo villoſa, vngulæ bifidæ: in vni<lb></lb>uerſum ſi quis aduertat cerui naturæ non <lb></lb>eſt abſimilis præter cornu illud: ferum eſt <lb></lb>valdè. </s> <s id="s.008164">Naſcitur in Æthiopia inter ſolitudi<lb></lb>nes, ſqualentemque terram, atque inter ſer<lb></lb>pentes, mirumque in modum venenis cornu <lb></lb>eius aduerſari creditur. </s> <s id="s.008165">Exiſtimo hoc eſſe <lb></lb>animal, quod ab Ariſtotele oryx appel<lb></lb>latur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1131"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008166"><margin.target id="marg1128"></margin.target>Mandibula <lb></lb>inferior <expan abbr="edẽ-do">eden<lb></lb>do</expan> ſolum <lb></lb>mouetur ſu<lb></lb>perior ſemper <lb></lb>quieſcit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008167"><margin.target id="marg1129"></margin.target>Rhincceres.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008168"><margin.target id="marg1130"></margin.target>Monoceros.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008169"><margin.target id="marg1131"></margin.target>Magnim <lb></lb>animal.At contraria aëris qualitate penitus ſub <lb></lb>Boreali polo animal naſcitur, ceruo ſimile, <lb></lb>cruribus anterioribus longioribus, carneam <lb></lb>habens appendicem, breuem tamen, cuius <lb></lb>vngula ſi collo <expan abbr="appẽdatur">appendatur</expan> comitiales ſanare <lb></lb>ſi quid aliud poſſe creditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008170"><expan abbr="Quoniã">Quoniam</expan> dum hoc <lb></lb>morbo laborat animal ipſum <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam comi<lb></lb>tiali morbo laborat <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> non priùs excitatur, <lb></lb>quam vngulam poſterioris pedis auri intu<lb></lb>lerit: tunc enim protinus excitatur à mor<lb></lb>bo. </s> <s id="s.008171">Timidum eſt & imbecille ſupra quàm <lb></lb>credi poſſit, & ex quocunque minimo vul<lb></lb>nere moritur. </s> <s id="s.008172">Eſt enim cordis frigidiſſimi, <lb></lb>ac cerebri non ſolùm frigidi, ſed pituita re<lb></lb>dundantis. </s> <s id="s.008173">Habet autem cornua peculiari <lb></lb>quadam forma prædita, & nulli fermè ani<lb></lb>mali ſimilia: nam craſſa ab imo, vbi aſcen<lb></lb>dunt latiora palmo ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008174">Onagrum quidem <lb></lb>vocant, quòd longas habeat aures, vngu<lb></lb>lam etiam nonnunquam ſolidam, tametſi ra<lb></lb>rò, velociſſimum ſanè eſt, vt quod ducenta <lb></lb>millia paſſuum vigintiquatuor horarum <lb></lb>ſpatio ſuperet. </s> <s id="s.008175">Hoc autem toto ſpatio ſine <lb></lb>cibo, & potu viuit, zethicum manſueſcit <lb></lb>auidum. </s> <s id="s.008176">Abundat apud Dacos, finitimaſque <lb></lb>regiones, vulgarique nomine Magnum vo<lb></lb>cant animal. Cæterùm ab alce plurimùm <lb></lb>differt. </s> <s id="s.008177">Alces enim, vt Cæſar eum deſcrip<lb></lb>ſit, capro ſimilis eſt, & maculoſa pelle, & <lb></lb>crura ſine iunctura habet. </s> <s id="s.008178">Huius verò iun<lb></lb>cturas videmus, & pellem ceruo ſimi<lb></lb>lem. </s> <s id="s.008179">Sed de alce inferiùs dicemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008180">Animal aliud mittit Æthiopia, parte an<arrow.to.target n="marg1132"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teriore vulpi perſimile, cauda & poſteriore <lb></lb>cercopitheco, pedibus anterioribus huma<lb></lb>nis, auribus veſpertilionis, quod crumenam <lb></lb>habet ſub ventre, qua catulos vndequaque <lb></lb>gerit, nec dimittit, niſi dum lactare vult. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1133"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Mittit & India occidentalis Chiurcam è mu<lb></lb>ſtelino genere, quæ eodem modo filios ſe<lb></lb>cum fert. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008181"><margin.target id="marg1132"></margin.target>Animal mon<lb></lb>ſtroſum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008182"><margin.target id="marg1133"></margin.target>Chiura.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008183">In eadem Æthiopia aliud eſt genus bouis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1134"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pilo ſubnigro, ſed cornibus ceruinis. </s> <s id="s.008184">Sed ſi <lb></lb>velim omnium boum genera referre, opus <lb></lb>erit prolixiore oratione, quàm huic libro <lb></lb>conueniat. </s> <s id="s.008185">Nam Hiſpanos duos nuper Bo<lb></lb>hemiæ regina ſecum duxit, quorum alteri <lb></lb>cornua binorum cubitorum erant. </s> <s id="s.008186">Sunt bo<lb></lb>maſi ex eodem, quorum ( vt dixi ) hiſtoria <lb></lb>ab Ariſtotele recitatur. </s> <s id="s.008187">Sunt boues in Ita<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1135"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lia nigri, cornibus nigris, atque ad opera <lb></lb>maximè gratis, Buffalos vocant incolæ, nam <lb></lb>non tota Italia habentur, ſed vltra Apen<lb></lb>ninum tantùm. </s> <s id="s.008188">Agreſtes ſunt valde, adeò vt <lb></lb>annulo ferreo naribus indito ſolùm circum<lb></lb>ducantur: rubro, varioque colore irritantur: <lb></lb>homineſque feriunt, adeò robuſti, vt duo<lb></lb>rum boum pondera trahant. </s> <s id="s.008189">Ductilia ma<lb></lb>gis, & ad opera accommodata cornua, ha<lb></lb>bent bobus nigro præſertim adiuuante colo<lb></lb>re: paruo ſunt pilo & cauda breui. </s> <s id="s.008190">Et caro <lb></lb>illorum cùm ſenuerint, vix edi poteſt: tan<lb></lb>tùm à communi boum genere differre vi<lb></lb>dentur. </s> <s id="s.008191">Sed quid ego tamdiu his immoror? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008192">præſtat potius, ſcire omnium animalium <lb></lb>cornua habentium differentias, vſumque ac <lb></lb>naturam, altiùs (vt decet) repetito principio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008193"><expan abbr="Quoniã">Quoniam</expan> <expan abbr="demonſtratũ">demonſtratum</expan> eſt antè, animalia quæ <lb></lb>herbis <expan abbr="veſcebãtur">veſcebantur</expan>, dentes habere obtuſos, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>præacutos, atque ea cauſa, tum natura ipſa, <lb></lb>quæ à carnium eſu abhorret, inepta, defen<lb></lb>ſioni, quæ dentibus fit: ob id igitur armata <lb></lb>partim cornibus, partim vnguibus craſſiori<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.008194">At de vnguibus iam dictum eſt: reli<lb></lb>quum eſt igitur, vt oſtendamus, animalia <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1136"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ cornibus prædita ſunt, alia ſolidis, alia <lb></lb>inanibus eſſe munita. </s> <s id="s.008195">Quæcunque autem <lb></lb>inanibus cornibus armata ſunt, duo habent, <lb></lb>vt boues: quæ autem ſolidis, alia quidem <lb></lb>vno, vt Monoceros Rhinoceroſque: alia <lb></lb>duobus, vt capræ, damæque: alia pluribus, <lb></lb>vt cerui, & quæ ex eorum ſunt genere, vt <lb></lb>capreoli: nam hæc ramoſa, cùm habeant cor<lb></lb>nua, plurium loco ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008196">Hoc autem primò <lb></lb>demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.008197">Nam cùm plura cornua gi<lb></lb>gnere natura propoſuiſſet, ſi toto capite ſpar<lb></lb>gerentur omnia, primum præter duo omnia <lb></lb>inutilia fuiſſent ad defenſionem: deinde non <lb></lb>fuiſſent proxima auribus, aures autem natu<lb></lb>ra ſiccæ, reliqui ſenſus à cornuum materia <lb></lb>impedimentum recepiſſent: ob id nullum <lb></lb>animal plura cornua toto capite ſparſa ha<lb></lb>bet, præter verneces quoſdam, de qui<lb></lb>bus iam diximus. </s> <s id="s.008198">Referunt tamen ran<lb></lb>giferos tria habere cornua, ceraſtas au<lb></lb>tem cornua ſeptem, Plinius dicit quadrige<lb></lb>mina: cochleis certè quatuor ſunt, ſed duo <lb></lb>prælonga, duo breuia, & quæ omnia <lb></lb>contrahantur. </s> <s id="s.008199">Sunt & plura duobus inſe<lb></lb>ctorum quibuſdam generibus: ſed co<lb></lb>chleis ad prætentandum, ceraſtæ ad deci-<pb pagenum="532" xlink:href="016/01/181.jpg"></pb>piendum, data fuêre: dum enim in arena <lb></lb>reliquum corpus latitat, cornua vt ceſpitum <lb></lb>germina prominent, itaque non ad defenſio<lb></lb>nem & pugnam, ſed ( vt dixi ) ad fallen<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.008200">Eadem ratio in his quæ inſecta di<lb></lb>cuntur cornuum fuit, aut alia omnia præ<lb></lb>terquàm pugnæ, niſi quibuſdam ſcarabeo<lb></lb>rum generibus: certum eſt & illis, & aliis, <lb></lb>ſi qua ſunt, quæ cornibus pugnent, nam <lb></lb>ſcarabei mobilia habent, ea quæ pro ar<lb></lb>mis illis ſunt, tantùm duo eſſe. </s> <s id="s.008201">Referunt <lb></lb>etiam quædam eſſe animalia pluribus prædi<lb></lb>ta generibus cornuum atque diuerſis, quæ <lb></lb>etiam à diuerſis animalium generibus pro<lb></lb>creata eſſe exiſtimandum eſt. </s> <s id="s.008202">Sed vt ad prio<lb></lb>rem diuiſionem reuertar, cornua ceruis ra<lb></lb>moſa ſunt, & tarandis in eodem genere <lb></lb>Scythicis. </s> <s id="s.008203">Capreoli ramoſa habent etiam, <lb></lb>& ( vt dixi ) hæc multorum cornuum loco <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1137"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008204">Quæcunque igitur ramoſa habent <lb></lb>cornua, eadem multa quaſi habent: hoc <lb></lb>enim naturæ intentum. </s> <s id="s.008205">Atque hæc eadem <lb></lb>ſolida habet neceſſariò & dura: eadem timi<lb></lb>da ſunt, & ſtulta, & velocia pedibus. </s> <s id="s.008206">De<lb></lb>monſtrandum eſt igitur hoc. </s> <s id="s.008207">In omnibus <lb></lb>autem demonſtrationibus aſſumere debe<lb></lb>mus tria ſuppoſita. </s> <s id="s.008208">Primùm quidem, quòd <lb></lb>natura omnia membra diuiſionis impleuit, <lb></lb>quoad licuit, aliter inſipiens fuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.008209">Nam <lb></lb>cùm decretum eſſet ornare mundum, non <lb></lb>melius id facere poterat, quàm ſi omne <lb></lb>genus animalium quod ſub prima diuiſione <lb></lb>continetur fabricaret, non ſecus ac ſi hor<lb></lb>tum inſtruat, atque illum floribus omnis <lb></lb>generis exornet. </s> <s id="s.008210">Secundum eſt, naturam <lb></lb>animalium, quæ non adeò munita ſit, vt <lb></lb>ſtare poſſit, neceſſariò deficere: nec ob id <lb></lb>talium animalium ſpeciem vllam ſupereſſe: <lb></lb>omnibus igitur ſpeciebus tantum eſt, quan<lb></lb>tum ad earum tutelam ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.008211">Tertium, <lb></lb>animalia ſui ipſius gratia, atque vniuerſi or<lb></lb>natus cauſa, non aliorum, genita fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.008212">Id <lb></lb>igitur ſupponentes, cùm decretum eſſet <lb></lb>animalia cornibus quaſi arboribus munita <lb></lb>facere, & primum diuiſionis membrum <lb></lb>abſoluere, neceſſe fuit primùm non plura <lb></lb>duobus eſſe, ſed ramoſa: ramoſa autem <lb></lb>dura, & ſolida, ne frangerentur: cùm <lb></lb>enim non viuant, nam venis & neruis <lb></lb>oportuiſſet eſſe prædita, atque adeò mol<lb></lb>lia, at mollia pugnæ apta non fuiſſent, <lb></lb>flecti non poterant: ob id igitur dura ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò fuerunt. </s> <s id="s.008213">Molle enim omne inep<lb></lb>tum nixibus, niſi ſit flexile: flexile au<lb></lb>tem humidum & viuens, vt rami arbo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.008214">Vnde ligna aut ſicca ſunt, cùm non <lb></lb>viuunt, aut flexilia quæcunque ſunt dura. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008215">Cornua igitur & dura, & ſicca neceſſa<lb></lb>riò fuerunt & ſolida: nam ex inani, ne<lb></lb>que ſolidum quicquam naſci poteſt, nec <lb></lb>inane quod firmum ſit. </s> <s id="s.008216">Cornua igitur ra<lb></lb>moſa, ſolida ſunt, & ſicca, & dura. </s> <s id="s.008217">Qua<lb></lb>propter cùm ex cerebro talis materia ef<lb></lb>fundatur, & ex ſanguine generetur, ſan<lb></lb>guinem & cerebrum ſiccum habebunt, & <lb></lb>multo elemento terreo abundans. </s> <s id="s.008218">Tale au<lb></lb>tem omne crudum eſſe demonſtrauimus: <lb></lb>ob id igitur ſtulta omnia talia ſunt, & ti<lb></lb>mida: hi enim affectus ſunt melancholiæ, <lb></lb>ſeu in cerebro, ſeu in ſanguine abundan<lb></lb>tis. </s> <s id="s.008219">Cùm igitur ſtulta, ac timida ſint, per<lb></lb>nicia eſſe oportuit, vt ſeruarentur: nam (vt <lb></lb>diximus) quæ ſeruari non poſſunt, ſpeciem <lb></lb>non conſtituunt. </s> <s id="s.008220">Fiunt, & velocia, conſuetu<lb></lb>dine & metu. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008221"><margin.target id="marg1134"></margin.target>Boues Ae<lb></lb>thiopici.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008222"><margin.target id="marg1135"></margin.target>Buffali.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008223"><margin.target id="marg1136"></margin.target>Cur quædam <lb></lb>animalia <lb></lb>vnum, quæ<lb></lb>dam duos & <lb></lb>quædam plu<lb></lb>ra habeant <lb></lb>cornua, & de <lb></lb>illorum na<lb></lb>tura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008224"><margin.target id="marg1137"></margin.target>Animalia <lb></lb>omnia <expan abbr="habẽ-tia">haben<lb></lb>tia</expan> cornua, <lb></lb>ramoſa, dura <lb></lb>ac ſolida ha<lb></lb>bent, & ſunt <lb></lb>ſtulta ac ti<lb></lb>mida.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008225">Quæcunque verò duobus tantùm corni<lb></lb>bus, atque his ſolidis armantur, & ipſa ſtul<lb></lb>ta ſunt, & timida, & cornua habent dura <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1138"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſiccaque. </s> <s id="s.008226">Sed non adeò timida, neque adeò <lb></lb>ſtulta pernicia ſunt & hæc, ob cauſas di<lb></lb>ctas. </s> <s id="s.008227">Sunt autem in hoc genere multa, ca<lb></lb>præ, damæ, capricorni, ſeu ibices colore <lb></lb>cinereo, in iugis montium viuentes, qui <lb></lb>niſi locis frigidiſſimis viuant, obcæcantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008228">Horum cornua quandoque octodecim ha<lb></lb>bent internodia, ſingulis ( vt creditur ) no<lb></lb>dis annum deſinantibus. </s> <s id="s.008229">Cornuum verò ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1139"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gnitudo quandoque pondus librarum 14. ſu<lb></lb>perat: vnde vaſa ad bibendum fiunt grati <lb></lb>vſus. </s> <s id="s.008230">Vidimus Sicini & in villa B. Mauri<lb></lb>tij, ſeu apud Seduſios & Antuertes: niger<lb></lb>rima autem ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008231">Damæ verò leues & ca<lb></lb>pris ſimiles in Germania latiora habent cor<lb></lb>nua, quoniam ſicca & debilia animalia, te<lb></lb>nuiora redduntur à frigore: latum verò im<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1140"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>becille, vt teres robuſtum. </s> <s id="s.008232">Hæc igitur in ru<lb></lb>pibus degunt, quia neque grauantur corni<lb></lb>bus in capite, neque ad leuitatem & firmi<lb></lb>tatem quicquam deeſt, cùm ſint ſicciſſima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008233">Capræ autem dociliores ſunt ramoſa geren<lb></lb>tibus cornua, adeò vt viderim capram edo<lb></lb>ctam ſcandere ſeptem tubulos ligneos vno <lb></lb>ſuper alterum impoſito, donec ac laquearia <lb></lb>ſcanderet. </s> <s id="s.008234">Ferrandus enim Turca olim, nunc <lb></lb>Chriſtianus factus, tubulum offerebat li<lb></lb>gneum erectum pugni, nec ampliùs latitu<lb></lb>dine, illa primùm pedem vnum, deinde alte<lb></lb>rum ex anterioribus imponebat, pòſt poſte<lb></lb>riores ordine eodem: vbi conſcendiſſet, of<lb></lb>ferebat Ferrandus tubulum alium, <expan abbr="ſupponẽs">ſupponens</expan> <lb></lb>pedi: inde illa ſenſim alterum ex anteriori<lb></lb>bus imponebat, atque poſteriores eodem <lb></lb>modo, donec ſenſim etiam tubulus tubulo <lb></lb>ſuperſtaret. </s> <s id="s.008235">Illo verò continente tubulos vſ<lb></lb>que ad ſeptimum, eodem modo capra aſcen<lb></lb>debat, donec ſub laquearibus fermè dorſo <lb></lb>conſiſteret. </s> <s id="s.008236">Itaque non tam indocile vide<lb></lb>tur hoc animal, vt doceri omninò nequeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008237">Quin imò eadem ſuper lateres ordine diſ<lb></lb>poſitos tranſire didicerat, imitatrix ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1141"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>giſtri ſui, qui funambulus erat. </s> <s id="s.008238">Oderunt ca<lb></lb>præ proprietate naturæ hominis ſaliuam, <lb></lb>nec quicquam edunt quod ab homine priùs <lb></lb>deguſtatum fuerit, contraria lacertatum na<lb></lb>tura, quæ auidè lambunt eam. </s> <s id="s.008239">Sed vt capra <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1142"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inter habentia cornua ſolida docilior eſt, ita <lb></lb>rangiferi inter habentia plura, ramoſaque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008240">Cicurant eos in Laponia captos: naſcuntur <lb></lb>enim ibi, & eſſedis iunguntur, ſuperantque <lb></lb>equorum loco 150. millia paſſuum in die: <lb></lb>ſunt enim corpore robuſtiore, cornibus au<lb></lb>tem tenuioribus quàm cerui. </s> <s id="s.008241">Et forſan duo <lb></lb>tantùm cornua habent ſecundum naturam: <lb></lb>plura autem, vt in veruecibus <expan abbr="dictũ">dictum</expan> eſt, caſu: <lb></lb>vel cùm ramoſa ſint, & ramis frequentiori<lb></lb>bus fulta, quàm cerui, creditum eſt fruſtra <lb></lb>plures ordines habere cornuum. </s> <s id="s.008242">Aut velut in <lb></lb>plantis quæ germinant vberius, vt poma ac <lb></lb>auellana, rami è pede & ſurculi prodeunt, qui <lb></lb>è ſtolonibus naſci conſueuere: ita è radice <pb pagenum="533" xlink:href="016/01/182.jpg"></pb>duorum cornuum ſurculi naſcuntur, qui è <lb></lb>trunco naſci deberent, atque eo modo ima<lb></lb>ginem multorum ordinum præbent. </s> <s id="s.008243">In vni<lb></lb>uerſum tria habent cornua generaliter ran<lb></lb>giferus, duo à lateribus pręlonga, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> in me<lb></lb>dio vnum, exiguumque: omnia verò ramoſa. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008244">Cæterùm cur paria ſint pleriſque animali<lb></lb>bus, vnum autem orici aſino Indico, & tau<lb></lb>ris Æthiopicis, ex diſſectione cauſa peten<lb></lb>da eſt: nam cùm in omnibus ſit dextrum <lb></lb>& ſiniſtrum, par eſt etiam bina eſſe tan<lb></lb>tùm cornua, vt foliorum numero in plan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1143"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tis ratio reſpondeat: bina autem tantùm, ob <lb></lb>pondus. </s> <s id="s.008245">Sed vbi in vnum coeunt cerebri <lb></lb>partes, vnum præſtitit eſſe cornu, non duo, <lb></lb>ob robur. </s> <s id="s.008246">Omnia igitur animalia vno tan<lb></lb>tùm cornu prædita, illud durum habent, <lb></lb>ſolidum atque magnum. </s> <s id="s.008247">Commune autem <lb></lb>videtur animalibus plura, quàm duo cor<lb></lb>nua habentibus, vt fœmina cornibus ca<lb></lb>reat. </s> <s id="s.008248">Quamobrem creditum eſt à Plinio, <lb></lb>dentium materiam in cornua non tranſire, <lb></lb>cùm fœmellæ etiam dentibus ſuperioris <lb></lb>mandibulæ anterioribus carentes cornua <lb></lb>non habeant. </s> <s id="s.008249">Ratio eſt duplex, à fine ſci<lb></lb>licet & efficiente, cauſa deducta. </s> <s id="s.008250">Cùm <lb></lb>enim matres fœtus in aluo gerunt, leuitate <lb></lb>& agilitate opus habent, vnde cornua præ<lb></lb>grandia, & ramoſa illis eſſent impedimen<lb></lb>to. </s> <s id="s.008251">Eſt etiam genus illorum animalium ti<lb></lb>midum, vt fœminæ ſint timidiſſimæ, qua<lb></lb>mobrem illis cornua nulli eſſent vſui. </s> <s id="s.008252">Deeſt <lb></lb>etiam calor, qui materiam cornuum gigne<lb></lb>re poſſit, & genitam extrudere ſimul at<lb></lb>que extendere: ob id velut hominibus barba, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1144"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ita ceruis cornua, vt ad ſolum ornatum fa<lb></lb>cta videantur, & neutrum abſit fœmini<lb></lb>no ſexui illorum. </s> <s id="s.008253">Quæ ratio etiam in pe<lb></lb>cudibus ob eruanda eſt: cornuti enim ma<lb></lb>res, fœminæ abſque cornibus ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008254">In iugis <lb></lb>tamen montium frigidiſſimarum regionum <lb></lb>alicubi, quoniam ob frigus aëris calor na<lb></lb>turalis confirmatur, etiam fœminæ cornua <lb></lb>habent. </s> <s id="s.008255">Pugnant arietes cornibus, vt in his <lb></lb>animalibus cornua ſint armorum vmbræ & <lb></lb>imagines, non arma. </s> <s id="s.008256">Veròm dices: Quid er<lb></lb>go illis eſt ad ſalutem, cornua non ſint? </s> <s id="s.008257">Aut <lb></lb>igitur ouium nulla eſt ſpecies, vel oues pro<lb></lb>pter homines, non propter ſe factæ viden<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008258">Sed ouis originem habet è Sarmatia, ibi <lb></lb>Snas vocatur. </s> <s id="s.008259">Greges ſunt velociſſimarum <lb></lb>ferarum, lana cinerei coloris, carne adeò <lb></lb>ſuaui, vt reges Parthorum Scytharumve <lb></lb>( nam vtraque regio nunc Tartariæ nomine <lb></lb>intelligitur ) venati eas non dedignentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008260">Par eſt autem ex ea ratione ortum habuiſ<lb></lb>ſe, & factas cicures, quòd lana veſtiantur <lb></lb>aduerſus frigora, vt reliquæ feræ aliarum <lb></lb>regionum pellibus precioſioribus. </s> <s id="s.008261">Sed cur <lb></lb>lana cinerei coloris ſit, non videtur res du<lb></lb>bitatione digna: ſiquidem in regionibus <lb></lb>frigidis animalia pleraque albo ſunt colore, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1145"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt in Cyllene rupe Coſphy aues penitùs al<lb></lb>bæ, & in Sipylo circa paludem Tantali a<lb></lb>quilas candidas vidit Pauſanias. </s> <s id="s.008262">Eſt autem <lb></lb>Sipylus mons in minore Aſia iuxta Phry<lb></lb>giam maiorem, Cyllene autem in Arcadia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008263">Idem vidiſſe ſe memorat apros & vrſas can<lb></lb>didas in Thracia natas, & ceruos Romæ <lb></lb>candidos, & lepores in Libia natos. </s> <s id="s.008264">Aquilas <lb></lb>candidas Cycneas vocare ſolebant, quòd <lb></lb>eſſent exquiſitiſſimæ candidæ, & cycnis ſi<lb></lb>millimæ. </s> <s id="s.008265">Sed cur in frigidis regionibus can<lb></lb>dida fiant animalia, cauſa obſcura non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008266">Canities enim à mucore fit, mucor à ſitu, ſi<lb></lb>tus à caloris imbecillitate, caloris imbecil<lb></lb>litas ab aëris immodica frigiditate, in cute <lb></lb>propriè, quæ & aëri exponitur perpetuò, & <lb></lb>paruum calorem continet ex ſe. </s> <s id="s.008267">Fit & quan<lb></lb>doque, licet rarò, ob calorem externum, ex<lb></lb>halante innato calore: ob id in calidis regio<lb></lb>nibus, vt Libya, lepores albos fuiſſe non ab<lb></lb>ſurdum. </s> <s id="s.008268">In montium Germaniæ iugis & <lb></lb>lépores albos, & capreas, & ceruos candi<lb></lb>dos non ſolùm non mirum, ſed rationi con<lb></lb>ſentaneum. </s> <s id="s.008269">Quanquam Pauſanias affirmet, <lb></lb>vidi eſſe <expan abbr="quidẽ">quidem</expan> ceruos Romæ candidos, vnde <lb></lb>autem aduecti ſint, neſcire. </s> <s id="s.008270">Romæ talium <lb></lb>copia & aliorum olim fuerat, cùm impera<lb></lb>rent, orbi. </s> <s id="s.008271">Subiit recordatio, ob id car<lb></lb>minum T. </s> <s id="s.008272">Calphurnij Siculi in Buco<lb></lb>lico: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>——vidi genus omne ferarum <lb></lb>Hîc, niueos lépores, & non ſine cornibus apros. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008273">Manticoram ſyluis etiam quibus editur Alcem <lb></lb>Vidimus, & tauros quibus ex ceruice leuata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008274">Deformis ſcapulis torus eminet, at quibus hirtæ <lb></lb>Iactantur per colla iubæ, quibus aſpera mento <lb></lb>Barba iacet, tremuliſque rigent palearia ſetis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008275">Nec ſolùm nobis ſylueſtria cernere monſtra <lb></lb>Contigit æquoreos ego cùm certantibus vrſis <lb></lb>Spectaui vitulos, & equorum nomine dignum, <lb></lb>Sed deforme pecus, quòd in illo naſcitur amni, <lb></lb>Qui ſata riparum venientibus irrigat vndis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008276"><margin.target id="marg1138"></margin.target>Capricorni.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008277"><margin.target id="marg1139"></margin.target>Damæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008278"><margin.target id="marg1140"></margin.target>Capræ mi<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008279"><margin.target id="marg1141"></margin.target>Capræ odio <lb></lb>habent hu<lb></lb>manam ſa<lb></lb>liuam.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008280"><margin.target id="marg1142"></margin.target>Rangiferi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008281"><margin.target id="marg1143"></margin.target>Cur ceruæ <lb></lb>ſœminæ cor<lb></lb>nibus ca<lb></lb>reant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008282"><margin.target id="marg1144"></margin.target>Oues in <lb></lb>iugis mon<lb></lb>tium regio<lb></lb>num frigi<lb></lb>darum cor<lb></lb>nutæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008283">Oues cur <lb></lb>facta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008284"><margin.target id="marg1145"></margin.target>Animalia in <lb></lb>frigidis re<lb></lb>gionibus cur <lb></lb>albu.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008285">Nihil hîc fabuloſum deſcriptum eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1146"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quamvis à Poëta, mira forma ac quaſi <lb></lb>incredibili: nam de equis Niloticis hiſto<lb></lb>riam notam eſſe ſcimus. </s> <s id="s.008286">Hi à quibuſdam <lb></lb>etiam marini dicuntur. </s> <s id="s.008287">Et dentes illorum <lb></lb>eburneis eſſe ſimiles docebimus: parte au<lb></lb>tem anteriore equos referunt, poſterio<lb></lb>re in piſcem deſinunt. </s> <s id="s.008288">Vitulos marinos <lb></lb>inferiùs deſcribemus. </s> <s id="s.008289">Tauri quibus iubæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1147"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſunt hirtæ Pæonij ſunt quibus toto corpo<lb></lb>re pilus eſt hirſutus, præcipuè tamen in <lb></lb>pectore, & mandibula: hoc Pauſanias <lb></lb>vidiſſe ſe refert. </s> <s id="s.008290">Quibus verò mento bar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1148"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ba prominet. </s> <s id="s.008291">Vri dicuntur. </s> <s id="s.008292">Hi ſunt tauri <lb></lb>Germaniæ robuſti, quibus ſub mento ve<lb></lb>lut hircis barba iacent. </s> <s id="s.008293">Habent enim re<lb></lb>giones quædam propria, vt Sardinia Mu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1149"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>flum ſimillimum ceruo, imò ceruum, ſed <lb></lb>arietis cornibus, quem iure ſubulonem <lb></lb>etiam dicere poſſumus. </s> <s id="s.008294">Sed ſi differunt ſu<lb></lb>bulo mufloque, hac ratione differunt, quòd <lb></lb>ſubuloni longiora ſunt cornua, & ſoli<lb></lb>da, vt capræ: Mufloni autem breuio<lb></lb>ra, contorta, & ab initio inania, vt arieti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008295">Miſcentur enim ſpecies miris modis: vel <pb pagenum="534" xlink:href="016/01/183.jpg"></pb>coitu, vt de animali illo admirabili iam <lb></lb>dictum eſt: vel regione: nam ( vt dixi) <lb></lb>tauris Germanicis longa barba prominet, <lb></lb>maiuſque eſt corpus, Pæoniis hirſutum, Li<lb></lb>bycis quos Lant vocant lingua materna <lb></lb>ſua, corpus candidum, vngues nigri, ſeu <lb></lb>potius vngulæ corio impenetrabili, atque <lb></lb>ob id, & ob pulchritudinem precioſo. </s> <s id="s.008296">Eſt <lb></lb>autem hoc animal velox ob conſuetudi<lb></lb>nem, pabulumque. </s> <s id="s.008297">Variantur etiam regio<lb></lb>nibus ſerpentum colores. </s> <s id="s.008298">In Æthiophia <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1150"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim, & Libya viperæ nigræ ſunt, velut <lb></lb>& homines, quod etiam Pauſanias teſtatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008299">Nam cùm pilo careant, aduritur cutis, vt ho<lb></lb>minum ab immodico calore, quare non eſt <lb></lb>maior ratio de hominibus quòd nigri ſint, <lb></lb>his in regionibus, quàm de viperis. </s> <s id="s.008300">Va<lb></lb>riantur etiam ætate, vt mures, qui caneſ<lb></lb>cunt ſenio. </s> <s id="s.008301">Et non ſolùm animalia ipſa, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1151"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed ex ipſis genita ſenectutis extremæ veſti<lb></lb>gia oſtendunt: vtin equis, & hominibus, <lb></lb>quorum facies cùm ex decrepitis parentibus <lb></lb>nati ſunt, rugoſa eſt: vis enim cordis vbi <lb></lb>hebetata eſt, contrahit cutim, atque hoc <lb></lb>eſt indicium iam debilium membrorum <lb></lb>principalium. </s> <s id="s.008302">Illud verò ſæpe nos animad<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1152"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uertimus. </s> <s id="s.008303">Itaque primum mutationis prin<lb></lb>cipium eſt ex miſtione diuerſarum ſpecie<lb></lb>rum, ſecundum ex regionibus, tertium ex æ<lb></lb>tate, & generatione à parentibus nimis <lb></lb>iuuenibus, aut ſenio confectis. </s> <s id="s.008304">Maxima <lb></lb>verò mutatio in regionibus ad Auſtrum, vel <lb></lb>Boream tendentibus, inde ab Oriente in Oc<lb></lb>cidentem, pòſt in paludibus, aut ſiccis lo<lb></lb>cis, vltimò montium, ac planitiei diuerſi<lb></lb>tate. </s> <s id="s.008305">Libya verò multa monſtra mittit, non <lb></lb>ſolùm ob calorem immenſum, & ſiccitatem, <lb></lb>ſed ob aquarum penuriam, qua animalia di<lb></lb>uerſi generis miſcentur: vt tauri quidam, <lb></lb>quos Rhinocerotes eſſe diximus: alij etiam <lb></lb>gibbo inſignes, vt cameli, quorum meminit <lb></lb>hîc poëta. </s> <s id="s.008306">De alce ſuperiùs dictum eſt, & <lb></lb>quòd rarò viſa ſit: cuius rei cauſam Pauſa<lb></lb>nias docet, dicens: Hominem procul odo<lb></lb>ratur, & cùm præſenſerit, in conualles & <lb></lb>profundiſſimas ſpeluncas ſe abſcondit: nec <lb></lb>illam venari, ob id licet ſolam, ſed caſu, <lb></lb>cùm venatores ſpatium mille ſtadiorum <lb></lb>alias feras quærentes circumdederint. </s> <s id="s.008307">Me<lb></lb>diam ille eſſe refert inter ceruum & ca<lb></lb>melum, quòd forſan gibbam habent in dor<lb></lb>ſo. </s> <s id="s.008308">Aut hæc alia eſt ab ea quam Cæſar deſ<lb></lb>cripſit. </s> <s id="s.008309">Manticora autem non habet certum <lb></lb>autorem, ſed poëticæ adiectam exiſtimo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008310">Cteſias, quem Plinius ſequitur, eam deſcri<lb></lb>bit, cuius etiam autoritate Ariſtoteles me<lb></lb>minit, illi non ſatis fidens. </s> <s id="s.008311">Sed non viſam <lb></lb>tot luſtris Romanorum, nec à Pauſania, mi<lb></lb>rum eſt. </s> <s id="s.008312">Indiæ illam tribuunt. </s> <s id="s.008313">Sed ( vt dixi) <lb></lb>Libya in eodem tractu eſt, & Æthiopia, in <lb></lb>quibus tigrides, vt apud nos lupi, abundant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008314">Maculoſa pelle creditur eſſe tigris. </s> <s id="s.008315">Nos duas <lb></lb>vidimus Florentiæ, quas tigres eſſe dice<lb></lb>bant, cùm pardis eſſent ſimiles. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1153"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008316"><margin.target id="marg1146"></margin.target>Equi mari<lb></lb>ni.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008317"><margin.target id="marg1147"></margin.target>Tauri pæonij</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008318"><margin.target id="marg1148"></margin.target>Vri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008319"><margin.target id="marg1149"></margin.target>Muflo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008320"><margin.target id="marg1150"></margin.target>Lant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008321"><margin.target id="marg1151"></margin.target>Viperæ Li<lb></lb>bycæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008322"><margin.target id="marg1152"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>cognoſcun<lb></lb>tur filij de<lb></lb>crepitorum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008323"><margin.target id="marg1153"></margin.target>Leo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008324">Naſcitur & Leo eiſdem in locis, fermè <lb></lb>animalium quadrupedum audaciſſimum, cu<lb></lb>ius oſſa ignem colliſa creduntur excutere: <lb></lb>ſunt enim duriſſima & ſolida, ac quaſi abſ<lb></lb>que medulla, longo corpore, colore fuluo, <lb></lb>acri intuitu, longa cauda quam quatit per<lb></lb>ſæpe, pilus non rectus anterius, ſed mollis, ac <lb></lb>flexus: corio prorſus impenetrabili: breuior <lb></lb>parte poſtrema, capite magno, rictu oris am<lb></lb>plo: tanto ceruicis ac dentium robore, vt <lb></lb>camelum ore arreptum ferat: tanta fortitu<lb></lb>dine, imò audacia potiùs, vt ſolus ducentos <lb></lb>aggrediatur equites: vnguibus maximis, ac <lb></lb>duriſſimis armatus, rugitus aſper. </s> <s id="s.008325">Iracun<lb></lb>dum genuit, quia fortiſſimum: atque ob <lb></lb>naturam tam calidam, alternis diebus la<lb></lb>borat morbo, quibus iacet proſtratus & <lb></lb>rugit, non totis diebus, ſed ſtatutis horis: nec <lb></lb>omnes forſan, ſed qui captiui detinentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008326">Sed etiam animalia pellibus nobiliora, <arrow.to.target n="marg1154"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt lynces, & è muſtelarum genere plurimæ, <lb></lb>martes varij, lardironi, viuerræ, piroli, her<lb></lb>meli, ginetæ. </s> <s id="s.008327">Has Hiſpania mittit, forma <lb></lb>& moribus domeſticis muſtelis, quas nos fo<lb></lb>dinos vocamus, ſimiles, pelle varia, ac ni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1155"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gris & cinereis alternantibus maculis di<lb></lb>ſtincta. </s> <s id="s.008328">Sed Zebellinæ, alias ſabellæ, om<lb></lb>nium longè precioſiores pulchritudine, ac <lb></lb>raritate. </s> <s id="s.008329">Has mittunt ſub extremis Septen<lb></lb>trionibus Lapones, Soli expoſitæ, pluri<lb></lb>mùm depilantur, quòd hæc animalia in <lb></lb>vmbra, & vbi Solis vis debilis admodum <lb></lb>eſt, degant. </s> <s id="s.008330">Creduntur veneris deſiderium <lb></lb>mulieribus augere. </s> <s id="s.008331">Hæ etiam mardurorum <lb></lb>pellibus nobiliores ſunt, molliore & denſio<lb></lb>re pilo, quique vtrinque conuerſus ordi<lb></lb>nem retineat. </s> <s id="s.008332">Vtrumque animal vngulis, & <lb></lb>dentibus acutiſſimis, præcipuè ſabellæ: <expan abbr="vtrũ-que">vtrun<lb></lb>que</expan> cauda piloſa, ac veluti ſciuro vtitur, <lb></lb>tanquam velo, vt ex arbore in arborem ſal<lb></lb>tu ſe transferat. </s> <s id="s.008333">Abundant autem maximè <lb></lb>prope polum, vſque ad tredecim partes, <lb></lb>quòd regio illa inhoſpita ſit, & frequens hu<lb></lb>milibus ſyluis. </s> <s id="s.008334">Pelles quoque ibi pulchrio<lb></lb>res & meliores, nec verò numerus horum <lb></lb>generibus, ſi ad pellium colores varios reſ<lb></lb>picias, & ad llorum naturam moreſque, <lb></lb>tanta eſt copia muſtelarum. </s> <s id="s.008335">Pelles colli diu<lb></lb>turniores plerunque, vt in vulpem <expan abbr="viuerrã">viuerram</expan>, <lb></lb>ſardirolo: nam partem eam cute ſolidiore, ob <lb></lb>periculum natura muniuit, inde factum eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1156"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt pili diutius contineantur. </s> <s id="s.008336">Negauerat A<lb></lb>riſtoteles, animalibus iucundos ineſſe odo<lb></lb>res, adeoque conſtanter, vt pantheram <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1157"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>benè olere tantùm quibuſdam animalibus <lb></lb>affitmet, non autem verè, neque ab hoc <lb></lb>diſſentit Theophraſtus. </s> <s id="s.008337">Sed ſtercus anima<lb></lb>lium: quoniam multum & humidum erat <lb></lb>impedire odoris ſuauitatem poteſt, in plan<lb></lb>tis nominata cùm ſit modicum, & ſiccum, <lb></lb>atque concoctum. </s> <s id="s.008338">Quamobrem animali<lb></lb>bus, quibus ſtercus benè olet, modicum eſſe <lb></lb>oportet, & ſiccum, vt lacertis magnis, de <lb></lb>quibus ſuprà diximus, quos etiam croco<lb></lb>dilos vocauimus, & anguibus. </s> <s id="s.008339">Igitur vt na<lb></lb>tura nihil intactum relinquet, ſtuduit dili<lb></lb>genter, vt odoratum animal efficeret, neque <lb></lb>vnum, ſed diuerſa ratione. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008340"><margin.target id="marg1154"></margin.target>Muſtella<lb></lb>rum genere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008341"><margin.target id="marg1155"></margin.target>Sabellæ pel<lb></lb>les.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008342"><margin.target id="marg1156"></margin.target>Pelles colli <lb></lb>cur diutur<lb></lb>niores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008343"><margin.target id="marg1157"></margin.target>13. Proble<lb></lb>mat. </s> <s id="s.008344">40. Lib. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008345">6. de planta<lb></lb>rum cauſis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008346">Cur anima<lb></lb>lia pauca <lb></lb>iucundi odo<lb></lb>ris.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008347">Zibethum igitur finxit feli perſimilem, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1158"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed maiorem: animal quod Hiſpania mittit <lb></lb>dentibus armatum, etiam ferum valde, quòd <lb></lb>nulla temporis longitudine miteſcat. </s> <s id="s.008348">Pilo <lb></lb>aſperiere, ore <expan abbr="oblõgo">oblongo</expan>, vt meli animali: in hu<lb></lb>ius tam maſculi, quàm fœminæ genitali<lb></lb>bus folliculum genuit, è quo ſemen ar<lb></lb>genteo cochleari excipitur: adeò odoris <pb pagenum="535" xlink:href="016/01/184.jpg"></pb>fragrantis, vt vel grana tria pondus libra<lb></lb>rum plurium cuiuſque arboris odoratiſſimæ <lb></lb>vincat. </s> <s id="s.008349">Oportebat enim in tanto conatu <lb></lb>aduerſus difficillimam rem, naturam aliquid <lb></lb>magnum efficere. </s> <s id="s.008350">Solent enim & homines <lb></lb>conari, cùm rem difficilem aggrediuntur, <lb></lb>vt admiratione dignum aliquid efficiant, <lb></lb>cúmque meta ſuperanda eſt, haud medio<lb></lb>cri interuallo illud efficere conamur. </s> <s id="s.008351">Quam <lb></lb>eandem regulam in moſcho etiam obſerua<lb></lb>uit: hoc mortuum tantùm vidi in via Ve<lb></lb>xillorum Mediolani, eùm zebethum vi<lb></lb>uens, imò viuentia viderim maſculum, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1159"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fœminam. </s> <s id="s.008352">Moſchus igitur magnitudine & <lb></lb>farma, ac pilo, niſi quòd coloris eſt magis <lb></lb>glauci, capreolo ſimilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.008353">Pilus tamen & <lb></lb>craſſior eſt, pilo capreoli. </s> <s id="s.008354">Supra binos, & <lb></lb>totidem infrà dentes habet: hocque ſolo <lb></lb>differt, & odore à capreolo: nam pili va<lb></lb>rietas à regione ortum habere poſſet, cùm <lb></lb>animalia tranſlata filios longè ſibi magis diſ<lb></lb>ſimiles, quàm pro hac varietate pili ex re<lb></lb>gionis diuerſitate pariant. </s> <s id="s.008355">Ferunt ergo illi <lb></lb>in veſicam infrà vmbilicum ſanguinem col<lb></lb>ligi, qui omnem rem ad hanc vſque diem <lb></lb>cognitam, magnitudine, & ſuauitate odo<lb></lb>ris vincit, & exuperat. </s> <s id="s.008356">Quamvis etiam non <lb></lb>ſyncerus ille ad nos deferatur, ſed tota ca<lb></lb>ro, cum oſſibus contuſa ſoleat vetuſtioribus <lb></lb>veſicis imponi, atque pro genuina vendi. </s> <s id="s.008357">In<lb></lb>dicio eſt paſſim in noſtro moſcho parua <lb></lb>oſſium fruſta inueniri, & tamen vel ſic adeò <lb></lb>redolet, vt manifeſtum ſit huiuſmodi ani<lb></lb>malia, neque Ariſtoteli, neque Theophra<lb></lb>ſto nota fuiſſet: neque mirum, cùm & Ga<lb></lb>lenus, ad quem magis pertinebant, cùm nul<lb></lb>lum nunc vnguentum horum expers ſit, <lb></lb>quique plus quadringentis annis poſterior <lb></lb>illis fuit, ea minimè cognouerit. </s> <s id="s.008358">Hanc igi<lb></lb>tur ob veſicam totum animal quantum mit<lb></lb>tat iucundi odoris, vix dicere queam, ta<lb></lb>metſi ( vt dixi) non ſolùm mortuum, ſed <lb></lb>iamiam diu eſſet. </s> <s id="s.008359">Sed & folliculo illo per <lb></lb>multos annos arcis indito, omnes quæ in <lb></lb>his veſtes ſeruantur, miro fragrant odore. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008360">Ipſum moſchum è Perſide aduehitur: vbi <lb></lb>ſi recens fuerit, & neque adulteratum, tam <lb></lb>vehementis odoris eſſe fertur, vt ieiunis na<lb></lb>ribus admota, veſica, ex eo ſtatim ſangui<lb></lb>nem proliciat. </s> <s id="s.008361">Quod Vartomanus quatuor <lb></lb>viris vni poſt alium contigiſſe affirmat. </s> <s id="s.008362">Quo <lb></lb>fit, vt credamus non niſi adulteratum ad <lb></lb>nos deferri. </s> <s id="s.008363">Seneſcit poſt decennium. </s> <s id="s.008364">Olet, <lb></lb>vt animaduerti, cercophitecorum genus <lb></lb>gracile ac fuſcum, ingenioſiſſimum: ni ſe<lb></lb>plaſia me decepit: nam neque omnes Moſ<lb></lb>chum olent. </s> <s id="s.008365">Redolent, ſed quaſi ex aduerſo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1160"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fibri teſtes. </s> <s id="s.008366">Ferunt animal eſſe canis magni<lb></lb>tudine, ſed oblongum manſueſcit, pilo ni<lb></lb>gro, ac ſplendido: nam pellem illius vidi, <lb></lb>quæ pretioſas inter annumeratur: atque hoc <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1161"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>primùm à luthra differt, quæ aſperum pi<lb></lb>lum habet, & prælongum, cùm fibri hu<lb></lb>milis ſit. </s> <s id="s.008367">Cauda lata, & in modum ſoleæ <lb></lb>extenſa, ſed præpingui, qua etiam a luthra <lb></lb>dicitur, quæ piloſam, & acutam habet: nam <lb></lb>fibro ſquamoſam eſſe ferunt. </s> <s id="s.008368">Crura breuia <lb></lb>pedibus anterioribus, ſimiæ in modum, qui<lb></lb>bus etiam pro manibus ( vti dicitur ) poſte<lb></lb>rioribus anſeriniata, duplici auxilio pedum, <lb></lb>ſcilicet poſtremorum, & caudæ aquis inna<lb></lb>tat, domos ex ligno miro artificio conſtruit: <lb></lb>acumine enim dentium, quos habet robu<lb></lb>ſtos, non aliter quàm ſerra ad ſecanda ligna <lb></lb>vtitur. </s> <s id="s.008369">Referunt fœminam ereptis catulis <lb></lb>ferrea clauſtra dentibus confregiſſe, præci<lb></lb>pitémque ſe ediſſe. </s> <s id="s.008370">Erat enim manſueta, & <lb></lb>in domo educata. </s> <s id="s.008371">Regem quoque habere, <lb></lb>cuius cauda ſit hac forma, cùm cæterorum <lb></lb>ſit obtuſa: certè cùm apud Moſcho<lb></lb>uitas nunc maximi greges habean<lb></lb>tur, & ruſticos, quorum pelles rudes <lb></lb>ſunt, & opera ſeruilis, vt affirmant, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.184.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/184/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& nobilis molliore pilo, quem in pellibus <lb></lb>triplicem eſſe animaduertimus, deprehen<lb></lb>ſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.008372">Teſtes paruos, & vt gallorum, at<lb></lb>que intus reconditos habet. </s> <s id="s.008373">Quod adeò olet, <lb></lb>vt pro medicamento vendatur. </s> <s id="s.008374">Humor eſt, <lb></lb>qui in meatu varicoſo, inſtar capreoli in<lb></lb>torto inuenitur, velut & in felis ſpecie illa, <lb></lb>quæ zibethum fert. </s> <s id="s.008375">Hic humor primùm <lb></lb>oleo ſimilis eſt, inde concreſcit in mellis ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam. </s> <s id="s.008376">Atque hi humores magni ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008377">Hos etiam in auibus, vt aliàs diximus, eſſe <lb></lb>animaduertimus. </s> <s id="s.008378">Maius etiam eſt quòd re<lb></lb>ferunt, quamvis iuxta aquas habitent, mi<lb></lb>nimè tamen alipiſcibus, ſed frondibus atque <lb></lb>virgultis. </s> <s id="s.008379">Quæ ſi non conficta ſint, neceſ<lb></lb>ſe eſſet fibrum ſpecie à lutra differre. </s> <s id="s.008380">Sin <lb></lb>falſa, erunt vnius generis, quamvis etiam <lb></lb>cauda & pilo differant: hoc enim ſatis con<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> <s id="s.008381">Vtcunque verò res ipſa ſe habeat, ip<lb></lb>ſius lutræ teſtes ad eadem valent, ad quæ <lb></lb>caſtorei: nam & caſtoreum Orientis, & in <lb></lb>calidis regionibus ortum, longè validiori<lb></lb>bus eſt viribus. </s> <s id="s.008382">At humor qui ſeminis loco <lb></lb>eſt, & genitalia ipſa in quolibet animali ca<lb></lb>lidiſſima ſunt, multò verò magis in anima<lb></lb>libus, quæ ob calorem iuxta aquas & in <lb></lb>aquis verſantur, cuiuſmodi fiber & lutra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008383">Lutræ autem proprium eſt, vt aduerſus aquas <lb></lb>feratur, vt cùm plena fuerit, ſecundo flu<lb></lb>mine ad cubiculum reuertatur. </s> <s id="s.008384">Quæcunque <lb></lb>enim animalia non facilè prædam inue<lb></lb>niunt, vt lupus, & vulpes, & lutra: cùm <lb></lb>ei occurrerint, ita ſe replent, vt rumpi vi<lb></lb>deantur: quòd his non contingit, quæ fru<lb></lb>ctibus, aut herbis veſcuntur: quoniam vbi<lb></lb>que cibus in promptu eſt. </s> <s id="s.008385">Hæc igitur anima<lb></lb>lia, terræ & aquæ communia ſunt, velut & <lb></lb>crocodilus, contraria tamen ratione, quàm <lb></lb>equus fluuialis, ſiquidem & hic communis <lb></lb>eſt terræ, & aquæ, ſed è piſcium genere, <lb></lb>illa verò inter terreſtria numerantur. </s> <s id="s.008386">Viuit <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1162"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in Nilo, & Nigro fluminibus. </s> <s id="s.008387">Nilus in Æ<lb></lb>gypto, & Æthiopia. </s> <s id="s.008388">Niger in ea parte <lb></lb>Africæ, quæ caput Nigrum, & vide inter<lb></lb>iacet ( vocatúrque Manſa ) fluunt. </s> <s id="s.008389">Piſcis <lb></lb>hic quatuor habet pedes, breuibus cruri<lb></lb>bus, vaccæ figura, ambulat in terra. </s> <s id="s.008390">Promi<lb></lb>nent ei duo dentes trium palmorum longitu<lb></lb>dine, elephanti dentibus ſimillimi, ſed can<lb></lb>didiores, duriores, & diutiùs nitorem reti<lb></lb>nentes, ob idque etiam pretioſiores, iuba, & <lb></lb>voce equi, vnde nomen ſumpſit, vngula & <lb></lb>talo veluti bubus, <expan abbr="roſtrũ">roſtrum</expan> reſimum, cauda apri <lb></lb>magnitudo, & viſcera & equo paruo, ſeu aſi<lb></lb>no ſimilia: tergoris tanta craſſitudo, vt ex eo <lb></lb>venabulum fiant. </s> <s id="s.008391">Conſtat tam diligenti deſ<lb></lb>criptione ab Ariſtotele viſum hoc animal. <pb pagenum="536" xlink:href="016/01/185.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1163"></arrow.to.target><margin.target id="marg1158"></margin.target>Zibethus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008392"><margin.target id="marg1159"></margin.target>Moſchus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008393"><margin.target id="marg1160"></margin.target>Fiber.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008394"><margin.target id="marg1161"></margin.target>Luthra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008395"><margin.target id="marg1162"></margin.target>Equus flu<lb></lb>uialis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008396"><margin.target id="marg1163"></margin.target>Fera anima<lb></lb>lia quæ cicu<lb></lb>rent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008397">Fera omnia animalia cicurant ſtatim vbi <lb></lb>ſunt nata, admouentes mulierum, aut ca<lb></lb>num vberibus. </s> <s id="s.008398">Sic enim feles manſuetiores <lb></lb>fiunt, & dominum comitantur. </s> <s id="s.008399">Sed & edu<lb></lb>catione, viſæ ſunt lutræ, quæ digito demon<lb></lb>ſtrato piſces è piſcina captantes coquo affe<lb></lb>rebant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008400">Eſt & formæ raræ ſimiæ genus, non cau<lb></lb>datum, hominis magnitudine, formáque <lb></lb>faciei præſertim, membrique virilis, pilis <lb></lb>tamen vndequaque in dorſo obſitum: nec <lb></lb>vllum animal perſeuerat plus ſtando illo, <lb></lb>homine ſolo excepto. </s> <s id="s.008401">Amat pueros, & mu<lb></lb>lieres, non ſecùs ac homines ſuæ regionis, <lb></lb>conatúrque cùm vincula effugerit palàm <lb></lb>cum his concumbere, quod nos vidimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008402">Cæterùm ferum eſt, ſed talis induſtriæ, vt <lb></lb>homines aliquos minùs ingenio valere di<lb></lb>cas, non quidem è noſtris, ſed barbaris, <lb></lb>qui inclementes cœli regiones habitant, ve<lb></lb>lut Æthiopes, Numidæque quidam, & La<lb></lb>pones. <arrow.to.target n="marg1164"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008403"><margin.target id="marg1164"></margin.target>Canis leuis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008404">Sed ad alia tranſeamus, è quibus eſt ca<lb></lb>nis leuis: animal hoc India occidentalis ſo<lb></lb>lùm mittit, magnitudine leporis, ſed fer<lb></lb>mè craſſum vt longum, adeò pingueſcit, <lb></lb>crura tenuiſſima habet, vt eum ambulat, <lb></lb>præ pondere ventrem trahat ſuper humum: <lb></lb>neque enim grauiſſimum corpus ab imbe<lb></lb>cilliſſimis cruribus poteſt ſuſtineri. </s> <s id="s.008405">Vngues <lb></lb>tamen quaternos, ſed indiuiſis imò iunctis <lb></lb>digitis in ſingulis habet pedibus, acutos, <lb></lb>ac auium inſtar aduncos, quibus ſcandit ar<lb></lb>bores: & quod vix humi graditur, quippe <lb></lb>paſſibus quinquaginta in ſingulos dies, au<lb></lb>det tamen arbores aſcendere. </s> <s id="s.008406">Oculis & ore <lb></lb>paruis, ob idque haud mordet: facie rotun<lb></lb>da, vt bubonis, collo tereti, vndequaque, <lb></lb>quod velut attonitum mouet in partes di<lb></lb>uerſas. </s> <s id="s.008407">Faciem ambit corona è pilis, quæ il<lb></lb>lam in longum traducere videtur, cauda ca<lb></lb>ret, pilo inter candidum ac cinereum. </s> <s id="s.008408">Hæc <lb></lb>omnia quamvis mirabilia, non tamen à na<lb></lb>tura prorſus abſona videntur. </s> <s id="s.008409">At quòd aëre, <lb></lb>roréque veſci videatur, quodque nocte tota <lb></lb>fermè canat ſenis vocibus perpetuò deſcen<lb></lb>dentibus, vt muſica proportio ſeſquioctauæ <lb></lb>ſeruetur cum ſemitonio in medio, illud <lb></lb>prorſus miraculo non abſimile eſt: die ſilet, <lb></lb>parúmque videt, vnde hoc ſolùm inter qua<lb></lb>tuor <expan abbr="habẽtia">habentia</expan> pedes animalia, nocturnum di<arrow.to.target n="marg1165"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ci poteſt: alia eſſe poſſunt, ſed tamen aues <lb></lb>nocturnæ frequentiores, bubo, veſpertilio, <lb></lb>noctua, aliæque plures. </s> <s id="s.008410">Cauſa eſt, quòd <lb></lb>in aëre non adeò impedimenta ſunt volan<lb></lb>tibus auibus, vt in terra ambulantibus qua<lb></lb>drupedibus. </s> <s id="s.008411">Cúmque maiore negotio cibus <lb></lb>quæratur nocte: quam die, præſertim his, <lb></lb>quæ rapto viuunt animalibus, cùm reli<lb></lb>qua lateant, & tuta ſint, vel robore pro<lb></lb>prio, vt apri: vel loci oportunitate, vt phi<lb></lb>lomelæ inter dumeta ac vepres: vel loci al<lb></lb>titudine, vt corui, ac cornices in turribus: <lb></lb>vel nidi anguſtia, vt auiculæ: vel munitio<lb></lb>ne: vt vulpes: oportuit quòd nocte ſolùm <lb></lb>vagari debuit animal alis eſſe præditum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1166"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aliter fame conſumi. </s> <s id="s.008412">Etenim feles, cative, <lb></lb>& lupi, & vulpes nocte quidem, tum ca<lb></lb>preoli, cibum quærunt, ſed tam illis dies <lb></lb>communis eſt, quàm nox. </s> <s id="s.008413">Itaque aues no<lb></lb>cturnas, quadrupedia autem non poſſumus <lb></lb>dicere nocturna, præter hoc deſcriptum <lb></lb>animal. Diſcrimina igitur animalium, <lb></lb>quamvis plurima ſint, ad duo tamen redu<lb></lb>cuntur, ſcilicet corporis, & animæ diffe<lb></lb>rentias. </s> <s id="s.008414">Aimæ quidem, cicur, & ferum, <lb></lb>nocturnum atque diurnum: atque hoc ma<lb></lb>ximè in auium genere. </s> <s id="s.008415">Sunt etiam in aui<lb></lb>bus mediæ, vt qualea, quam quidam imò <lb></lb>plerique coturnicem eſſe putant, & gallus, <lb></lb>hortulanúſque. </s> <s id="s.008416">Auis enim hæc cinerei co<lb></lb>loris, & carduele maior, nocte canit, in <lb></lb>Hetruria notus: gallus etſi nocte canat, <lb></lb>non tamen videt. </s> <s id="s.008417">Infauſti ominis habentur <lb></lb>nocturnæ aues, non tamen mediæ. </s> <s id="s.008418">Auium <lb></lb>quoque propria eſt differentia: canere <lb></lb>enim quædam, quædam mutæ, aliæ me<lb></lb>diæ. </s> <s id="s.008419">Sarau nobiliſſima canentium, & pſit<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1167"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>taco proxima. </s> <s id="s.008420">Pſittacus loquatium prima, <lb></lb>poſt quam eſt pica, inde turdus, meru<lb></lb>la, atque ſturnus. </s> <s id="s.008421">Sunt & corui loquaces, <lb></lb>& paſſeres ſolitari. </s> <s id="s.008422">Oderunt homines paſſe<lb></lb>res ob ſolitudinem, creditúmque in domi<lb></lb>bus cauea retendam, licet dulciter admo<lb></lb>dum canat, exitium portendere. </s> <s id="s.008423">Oderunt <lb></lb>& coruos ea ratione, qua vultures quòd hæ <lb></lb>aues veſcantur cadaueribus etiam humanis <lb></lb>Tria auium genera infauſta habentur, ſo<lb></lb>litaria, nocturna, & quæ cadaueribus in<lb></lb>hiant. </s> <s id="s.008424">Loqui docentur tenebris ac lucerna, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1168"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fame ac vino: eliguntúrque iuuenculæ, & <lb></lb>lingua latiore, & ex pſittacis, qui quinos <lb></lb>habent in pedibus digitos: aptiores enim <lb></lb>hi ad ſermonem. </s> <s id="s.008425">Porrò fames, præcipuum <lb></lb>eſt neceſſitatis diſcendi vinculum, vt Perſius <lb></lb>dixit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Quis expediuit pſittaco ſuum<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <foreign lang="grc">χᾱιρε</foreign>, <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Picáſque docuit noſtra verba conari <lb></lb>Magiſter artis, ingeniiſque largitor <lb></lb>Venter, negatas artifex edi voces.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008426"><margin.target id="marg1165"></margin.target>Cur plures <lb></lb>aues noctur<lb></lb>næ, quàm <lb></lb>animalia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008427"><margin.target id="marg1166"></margin.target>Felis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008428"><margin.target id="marg1167"></margin.target>Sarau auis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008429"><margin.target id="marg1168"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>aues loqui <lb></lb>doceantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008430">Tenebræ aues magis reddunt ſolicitas, & <lb></lb>ſenſum ac memoriam colligunt. </s> <s id="s.008431">Vnde etiam <lb></lb>homines melius in tenebris recordantur, & <lb></lb>cogitant atque deliberant. </s> <s id="s.008432">Lucerna verò <lb></lb>adhibetur, quia in exquiſitis tenebris aues <lb></lb>dormiunt, timéntque, vt ſenſus excutiatur, <lb></lb>non augeatur. </s> <s id="s.008433">Tenui igitur lucerna opus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008434">Conati ſunt quidam auibus præſtigias face<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1169"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>re, vt Anon Carthaginenſis: pluribus enim <lb></lb>captis pullis earum docuit dicere, Anon <lb></lb>Deus: inde dimiſſis in ſyluas ſperabat hoc <lb></lb>commento homines in ſuperſtitionem ad<lb></lb>ductos, in illius tyrannidem, quam medi<lb></lb>tabatur conſenſuros: quod forſan ſucceſſiſſet, <lb></lb>niſi aues vbi libertatem adeptæ fuerunt lo<lb></lb>qui, oblitæ eſſent: oportebat enim diu in li<lb></lb>bertate habitas fame cogere, vt quod vellet, <lb></lb>proferrent. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008435"><margin.target id="marg1169"></margin.target>Anonis com<lb></lb>mentum ad <lb></lb>occupandam <lb></lb>tyrannidem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008436">Ergo vt ad feles redeam, quòd animalia <lb></lb>hæc media eſſent natura, glaucum oculum <lb></lb>ac fulgentem dedit, vt nocte videre poſſent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008437">Vident & equi, lupique nocte melius, quàm <lb></lb>homines. </s> <s id="s.008438">Homini ratio lumina monſtra<lb></lb>uit: ob id neglexit natura tantam viden<lb></lb>di curam etiam in nocte. </s> <s id="s.008439">Quamobrem feli<lb></lb>bus etiam creſcere pupillam creditum eſt <lb></lb>Lunæ ratione. </s> <s id="s.008440">Oſeruatum eſt etiam, vt mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1170"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nùs mirum videatur non ſolùm diebus di<lb></lb>uerſis, ſed eodem, hominum pupillas mu<lb></lb>tari, vt quandoque magnæ, hinc poſt paucas <pb pagenum="537" xlink:href="016/01/186.jpg"></pb>horas diminutæ videantur. </s> <s id="s.008441">Pupillam dico <lb></lb>partem in medio nigram: quæ verò circum<lb></lb>iacet, variáque eſt pro hominum, & anima<lb></lb>lium differentia, vocatur Iris. </s> <s id="s.008442">Peſſi verò cir<lb></lb>ca iridem, & circa peſſos candidum oculi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008443">Interiores anguli fontes vocantur, exte<lb></lb>riores hirci ſeu paropiæ, & oculi ambitus <lb></lb>Eon. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008444"><margin.target id="marg1170"></margin.target>Oculi partes <lb></lb>conſpicuæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008445">Sed vt ad feles reuertar, varia ſunt illius <lb></lb>genera, aut quia ſimilitudine omnia fer<lb></lb>mè animalia ſæua & ſimilia ſunt, panthe<lb></lb>ræ, lyncei, pardi, tigrides. </s> <s id="s.008446">Commune <lb></lb>enim eſt vnguium magnitudo, & robur, <lb></lb>pellis diſtincta, verſicolor ac pulchra, caput <lb></lb>rotundum: facies breuis, cauda prolixa, <lb></lb>agilitas corporis, feracitas, & cibus, qui <lb></lb>venatione acquiritur. </s> <s id="s.008447">Commune eſt omni <lb></lb>animanti, vt veſcatur his, è quibus genera<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1171"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008448">Quum enim ab initio imbecillum ſit, <lb></lb>vnde illi victus alibi, quàm vbi natum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008449">Sed in his, quæ ex putrida materia gignun<lb></lb>tur, manet conſuetudo fermè ſemper, quum <lb></lb>ad robur minimè proueniant: ſic muſcilio<lb></lb>nes vino, & vermes cœno, & erucæ ac reli<lb></lb>qua foliis iiſdem, quibus genitæ ſunt: aues ve<lb></lb>rò & quadrupedes roſtro duriore, vel iam na<lb></lb>tis dentibus aliud cibi genus ſolidius quæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1172"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.008450">Quum verò animal aliquod abundat, <lb></lb>plerunque aliud natura gignit, quod illo paſ<lb></lb>catur, duplici commodo, ne multitudo prio<lb></lb>rum damnum ingens afferat loco, & aliis <lb></lb>etiam, quæ ex his veſcuntur pabuli commo<lb></lb>dum accedat. </s> <s id="s.008451">Sic quum formicæ nimiùm <lb></lb>abundent quibuſdam in occidentalis Indiæ <lb></lb>partibus genitum eſt animal, quod vocant <lb></lb>vrſum formicarium, quòd lingua ea rapiat, <lb></lb>depaſcatúrque: atque ſic regionis iacturæ <lb></lb>prouiſum eſt, quum ad nullum alium vſum <lb></lb>hoc animal paratum videatur: neque enim <lb></lb>ferum eſt nec mordax, dictúmque potiùs <lb></lb>vrſus à ſimilitudine corporis, quàm à ro<lb></lb>bore vel feritate: hoc linguæ humore diſcu<lb></lb>tit ac diſiicit ſolidiſſimas formicarum do<lb></lb>mos, inde etiam his diſiectis linguæ hæ<lb></lb>rentes ad ſe trahit ac deuorat. </s> <s id="s.008452">Animalibus <lb></lb>verò, quæ non facilè eſca eſſe poſſent, aliis <lb></lb>prouidit, vel paucitate fœtus, vel vitæ bre<lb></lb>uitate, vel neceſſitate aëris aſperioris, vel <lb></lb>difficultate aliqua pariendi, aut educan<lb></lb>di, ne in immenſam creſcerent multitudi<lb></lb>nem. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1173"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008453"><margin.target id="marg1171"></margin.target>Omne ani<lb></lb>mal veſcitur <lb></lb>his, è quibus <lb></lb>generatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008454"><margin.target id="marg1172"></margin.target>Cùm animal <lb></lb>aliquod <lb></lb>abundat, gi<lb></lb>gnituraliud, <lb></lb>quod eo veſ<lb></lb>catur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008455">Vrſus formi<lb></lb>carius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008456"><margin.target id="marg1173"></margin.target>Piſces in ca<lb></lb>lidis ac ſul<lb></lb>phureis <lb></lb>aquis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008457">Sed ad piſces iam veniamus: qui non<lb></lb>nunquam in aquis ſulphureis calidis inue<lb></lb>niuntur, vt apud Budam Pannoniæ vrbem: <lb></lb>nonnunquam verò in aluminoſis, vt apud <lb></lb>Iulium carnicum. </s> <s id="s.008458">Immenſa ſunt animan<lb></lb>tium in aquis, præſertim mari, ac magis in <lb></lb>Oceano, præcipuè ſub torrida zona quoniam <lb></lb>ibi calor, & humor ad incrementum faciunt, <lb></lb>ſalſedo ad conſeruationem. </s> <s id="s.008459">Vaſtitas qua<arrow.to.target n="marg1174"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rundam, vt Cete incredibilis, rugiunt oſ<lb></lb>culis cubitalibus iuxta nares poſitis tantum <lb></lb>aquæ effundunt, vt naues etiam prægran<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1175"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>des obruant. </s> <s id="s.008460">Ex earum pinnis virgæ ſunt <lb></lb>pulcherrimæ, quæ oſſeæ ſeu corneæ viden<lb></lb>tur: ſunt enim nigræ, ſimiles cornibus bu<lb></lb>balorum, & adeò flexiles, vt nunquam rum<lb></lb>pantur: nitent præcipuè in ſole, ſic vt au<lb></lb>reæ videantur. </s> <s id="s.008461">Singula fila virgam vnam ha<lb></lb>bent, atque ob id in vna pinna plurimę: virgis <lb></lb>enim pinnæ conſtare videntur. </s> <s id="s.008462">Os verò ca<lb></lb>pitis adeò patens, vt ex eo nauiculam effi<lb></lb>cere queas. </s> <s id="s.008463">Conſopiuntur, vt Munſterus ait, <lb></lb>caſtoreo aquis diluto, nam protinus mer<lb></lb>guntur. </s> <s id="s.008464">Odiſſe odorem feræ piſces inſectan<lb></lb>tis veriſimile eſt: itaque hoc vnum aduerſum <lb></lb>vaſtas belluas præſidium nauibus eſt. </s> <s id="s.008465">Nam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1176"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& reliquas caſtorei odore terreri poſſe cre<lb></lb>dendum eſt, velut & ſtrepitu machinarum <lb></lb>ignearum. </s> <s id="s.008466">Sunt enim aliæ etiam belluæ in <lb></lb>mari tum monſtra, vt inter reliquas orcas, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1177"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ duabus alis ingentibus volitat ſuper <lb></lb>maria, terrorem potius, quàm periculum <lb></lb>triremibus afferens: atque hæ ambæ præto<lb></lb>rias domos vaſtitate quandoque æquant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008467">Vnde luſus ille Lucianicus in Veris narra<lb></lb>tionibus. </s> <s id="s.008468">Eſt ziphus tantæ magnitudinis in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1178"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Getico mari, vt phocam deuoret. </s> <s id="s.008469">Eſt autem <lb></lb>phoca marinus vitulus, inferiùs ob egre<lb></lb>giam formam deſcribendus. </s> <s id="s.008470">Eſt & in eodem <lb></lb>mari Orcadis genus quoddam gibbero, & <lb></lb>agilitate inſigne ſpringual vocatum, ob ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1179"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gnitudinem autem immenſam è genere or<lb></lb>cadum eſſe creditur: piſces enim maximos <lb></lb>& incredibilis vaſtitatis orcades vocant, ſi<lb></lb>mili nomine inſularum, quæ Britanniæ in <lb></lb>Oceano adiacent. </s> <s id="s.008471">Inimicæ ſunt hæ balenis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008472">Priſtis quoque & phyſeter & arbor, & rota <lb></lb>omnia è cetaceo genere: <foreign lang="grc">μοῦτος</foreign> enim Græcè <lb></lb>dum cete ſignificat, ſignificat & immen<lb></lb>ſum atque ingens, & vaſtum: vnde <foreign lang="grc">μουτόεις</foreign>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008473">Sunt autem diuerſæ huius generis formæ, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1180"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>barbati piſcis, cui cornua bina ſunt, po<lb></lb>ſterior pars anguſtior ac breuior, caput qua<lb></lb>dratum, oculi ambitus 16. aut 20. pedum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008474">Rhinoceros quoque faſtigiatum dorſum ha<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1181"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bet, & narem occultam, & in cornu deſi<lb></lb>nentem: pedes habet duodecim, & can<lb></lb>cros deuorat. </s> <s id="s.008475">Sed & vacca piſcis cornuta eſt, <lb></lb>aliúſque corpore oſſeo toto, tum alij plures. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008476">Sed omnium admirabilior monſtrorum tri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1182"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ton eſt. </s> <s id="s.008477">In bacchi templo vidiſſe apud Ta<lb></lb>nagreos Bœotię populos Pauſanias tritonem <lb></lb>refert, aliúmque apud Romanos, cuius hæc <lb></lb>erat forma: Capillos habent tritones in ca<lb></lb>pite, ranularum inſtar in paludibus degen<lb></lb>tium: tum colore, tum quia diuiſi inter ſe <lb></lb>non ſint, ſimilitudinem referentes. </s> <s id="s.008478">Reli<lb></lb>quum corpus in tenuem ſquamam deſinit, <lb></lb>roboréque eo munitum eſt, quo rhinas piſ<lb></lb>cis. </s> <s id="s.008479">Branchias ſub auribus habent, & na<lb></lb>ſum humanum. </s> <s id="s.008480">Os latius, & dentes ferinos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008481">Oculi glauci Pauſaniæ viſi ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008482">Manus iti<lb></lb>dem habent, digitos, & vngues, cochlea<lb></lb>rum acetabulis ſimiles. </s> <s id="s.008483">Sub pectore, & ven<lb></lb>tre caudam habent pro pedibus, vt delphi<lb></lb>ni. </s> <s id="s.008484">Referunt multa huiuſcemodi in Septen<lb></lb>trionali Oceano videri, ſed piſcatorum lege <lb></lb>dimitti: quod falſum eſſe reor: nam ſi gre<lb></lb>gatim incederent, regum anxia cupiditas <lb></lb>illos cogeret, ſpreto periculo, ſi ſolitarij <lb></lb>piſcatorum auaritia nullo metu coërcita. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008485">Hæc tamen cùm videntur in maris ſuperfi<lb></lb>cie, tamen quæ cetatij generis ſunt, graues <lb></lb>tempeſtates nuntiant: & in homines maxi<lb></lb>mè graſſantur. </s> <s id="s.008486">Sunt & in mari Indico iux<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1183"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ta Burneam, quæ ad æquinoctij circulum <lb></lb>poſita eſt, oſtrea magna adeò, vt pleræque <lb></lb>carnem contineant, ponderis librarum 25. <lb></lb>Inuentæ ſint etiam, quarum caro 44. libras <pb pagenum="538" xlink:href="016/01/187.jpg"></pb>æquauerit. </s> <s id="s.008487">Itaque & in mari figuræ omnes <lb></lb>effictæ videntur animalium, & non ſolùm <lb></lb>animalium, ſed etiam inſtrumentorum. </s> <s id="s.008488">Et <lb></lb>in Indico præcipuè monſtra immenſæ ſunt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1184"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& incredibilis magnitudinis. </s> <s id="s.008489">Cauſam tam <lb></lb>multiplicium figurarum eſſe reor facilitatem <lb></lb>generationis, & vitæ. </s> <s id="s.008490">Nam cùm ad genera<lb></lb>tionem concurrant calor & humidum, ad <lb></lb>vitam alimentum, in mari calor abundat & <lb></lb>humidum, atque pabulum irimari enim ſal, <lb></lb>in ſale oleum, oleum autem humidum eſt <lb></lb>pingue, ob id etiam alimentum. </s> <s id="s.008491">Propter <lb></lb>motum etiam non contingit peſtis, velut in <lb></lb>aëre: mare enim quotidie mouetur, aër au<lb></lb>tem aliquando tranquillitas eſt. </s> <s id="s.008492">Ob id quæ<lb></lb>libet forma piſcis conſeruari facilè poteſt, <lb></lb>non ita in aëre. </s> <s id="s.008493">Mouentur etiam piſces in <lb></lb>mari abſque labore, terreſtria animalia non: <lb></lb>vnde terreſtria animalia, vel eſurire cogun<lb></lb>tur, vel labore nimio confici neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.008494">Ne<lb></lb>que mare gelaſcit, aut feruet, vt terra, & <lb></lb>aquæ fluuiorum, niſi extrema parte, qua ab <lb></lb>aëre tangitur. </s> <s id="s.008495">His tot commodis, tum mi<lb></lb>ſtione diuerſarum ſpecierum, plurima mon<lb></lb>ſtra in mari generantur, adeò vt aliquando <lb></lb>propter æſtum exundante mari copioſius, <lb></lb>ad trecenta genera animalium monſtrifi<lb></lb>corum in littore Oceani occidentalis relicta <lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="s.008496">Ratio quoque, qua monſtra, mon<lb></lb>ſtroſique partus, & octimeſtres in Ægypto <lb></lb>viuant eadem eſt cur, quæ in mari debilis <lb></lb>ſint vitæ, tamen ſuperſint. </s> <s id="s.008497">Qui verò piſces <lb></lb>non viuunt, aliis piſcibus faciliùs miſcen<lb></lb>tur, quàm animalia terreſtria, quæ herbis <lb></lb>paſcuntur, quia commodiùs iunguntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008498">Qui verò carnes, & piſces deuorant, diffi<lb></lb>ciliùs carniuoris feris, quoniam minùs ha<lb></lb>bent ſenſus, & minùs ob id amant: amor <lb></lb>enim cum ſenſu fit: ob piſces non miſeren<lb></lb>tur, vt leones, neque vllis parcunt, qui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1185"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>prædæ loco ſint. </s> <s id="s.008499">Referunt tamen raiam piſ<lb></lb>cem homini ſub aquis periclitanti auxiliari, <lb></lb>ne vel ſubmergatur, vel à belluis maris diſ<lb></lb>cerpatur. </s> <s id="s.008500">Sed raia primùm ſi hoc agit, pe<lb></lb>culiari quadam proprietate facit: nam & ſo<lb></lb>la inter piſces marinos, quod ſciamus, alteri <lb></lb>generi miſcetur, ſquatinæ ſcilicet. </s> <s id="s.008501">Deinde <lb></lb>raia, viua animalia non perſequitur, nec for<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1186"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſan carnes edit. </s> <s id="s.008502">Cur verò ſola raia, & ſqua<lb></lb>tina ſimul diuerſo genere miſceantur, cauſa <lb></lb>eſt, quòd pleraque alia animalia in maris <lb></lb>profundo lateant. </s> <s id="s.008503">Carniuoræ etiam prædæ <lb></lb>non Veneri ſtudent. </s> <s id="s.008504">Pleraque ob timorem <lb></lb>non fidunt ex mitibus: talia etiam gregatim <lb></lb>plerunque incedunt, vt non deſit ſocius è ge<lb></lb>nere ſuo, præſertim tempore, quo ad Vene<lb></lb>rem procliuia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008505">Ob tot cauſas ſolus piſcis <lb></lb>ex raia, ſquatinam miſtus forma in mari cer<lb></lb>nitur. </s> <s id="s.008506">Eſt autem raia piſcis magnitudine ſcu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1187"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ti, planè atque cartilagineus. </s> <s id="s.008507">Eadem verò <lb></lb>ratio de magnitudine belluarum in mari, <lb></lb>præcipuéque Indico, quæ de forma. </s> <s id="s.008508">Nam ob <lb></lb>humidum & calorem, & alimentum fermè <lb></lb>vbique præſens, tum quia abſque pedibus <lb></lb>ſuſtinentur, & grandia ſuperant maris ſpa<lb></lb>tia abſque labore, ideò maximi ſunt piſces <lb></lb>terreſtrium animalium comparatione, auium <lb></lb>autem longè magis. </s> <s id="s.008509">Nam finge vaſtum ani<lb></lb>mal, & elephanto quadruplo maius, ſi eſſe <lb></lb>poteſt, in terra nónne plurimo cibo indige<lb></lb>bit, quo abſumpto cogetur magnum illud <lb></lb>pondus maximo incommodo alias quærere <lb></lb>terras: itaque facilè contracto morbo peri<lb></lb>bit, aut inedia, ſi ſenſim & lentè ex vna <lb></lb>regione in aliam tranſierit. </s> <s id="s.008510">Deinde etiam <lb></lb>ſi tutò tranſeat & abſque labore, quis mo<lb></lb>dus erit, ne hominum inſidiis capiatur? </s> <s id="s.008511">Ho<lb></lb>rum nullum eſt periculorum aut incommo<lb></lb>dorum in mari: nam <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> cibus deeſſe piſci<lb></lb>bus, nec tranſitus ex vna regione in aliam <lb></lb>cum labore eſt, nec vllis hominum inſidiis <lb></lb>medio mari, etiam ſi monarcha orbi impe<lb></lb>rat, ſubiici poterunt. </s> <s id="s.008512">Ob id igitur piſces ma<lb></lb>ximos inter animalia, aues minimæ: terre<lb></lb>ſtria, magnitudine ſunt mediocria. </s> <s id="s.008513">Nam cur <lb></lb>aues minores ſint terreſtribus animalibus, <lb></lb>ratio non obſcura eſt, cùm faciliùs ſubie<lb></lb>ctis pedibus in terra ſuſtineatur animal, <lb></lb>quàm in aëre expanſis alis. </s> <s id="s.008514">Medij inter ter<lb></lb>reſtria, & marina animalia piſces ſint la<lb></lb>cuum. </s> <s id="s.008515">Vnde in Algoiæ Sueuiæ regione lacu<lb></lb>bus piſcis Vualmin inuenitur: cui ſub men<lb></lb>to duo funes ſunt, qui quandoque ad pon<lb></lb>dus librarum 40. perueniunt. </s> <s id="s.008516">Hic piſces <lb></lb>alios his funibus venatur, tum etiam aues. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008517">Sunt enim illi loco promuſcidis in elephan<lb></lb>to: meritóque ob magnitudinem balena la<lb></lb>cuum dici poteſt, tantò minor balena ma<lb></lb>ris, quantò mari lacus minores ſunt: & aquæ <lb></lb>lacuum ob frigiditatem, & lacus ipſi ob ma<lb></lb>credinem, ad generationem, & alimentum <lb></lb>ipſo mari ſunt inferiores. </s> <s id="s.008518">Omnium igitur <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dictum eſt) terreſtrium animalium for<lb></lb>mas piſcibus expreſſit natura, hominem Tri<lb></lb>tone, mulierem Nereide (hæc enim non fa<lb></lb>buloſa, Sirenes autem fabuloſæ) elephan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1188"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tem elephante, atque alia eiuſcemodi. </s> <s id="s.008519">Sed <lb></lb>omnes piſces parte anteriore licet videan<lb></lb>tur ſimiles animalibus pedeſtribus, poſte<lb></lb>riore tamen in piſcem deſinunt, vel nullis <lb></lb>fermè exceptis. </s> <s id="s.008520">Cauſa eſt, quòd velut in <lb></lb>nauis puppi temo illam dirigit, ita cauda <lb></lb>piſcis iter ſuum. </s> <s id="s.008521">Propterea piſcibus omni<lb></lb>bus fermè cauda bifida. </s> <s id="s.008522">Tanta verò illorum <lb></lb>multitudo, vt referant in Narbonenſi Gal<lb></lb>liæ parte aliquando vno retium tractu (in<lb></lb>credibile dictu) captos piſces tot, tantóſque, <lb></lb>vt pondo ſeu libras CCCXCM. æquarent: <lb></lb>quod & ex magnitudine, & multitudine <lb></lb>contigiſſe potuit. </s> <s id="s.008523">In vniuerſum autem piſ<lb></lb>cium genus, & multitudine, & magnitu<lb></lb>dine, & robore, & formæ varietate reli<lb></lb>qua animantium genera præcellit, vt ſunt <lb></lb>etiam ex illis, quibus non deſint pedes, ve<lb></lb>lut polypis, à pedum multitudine ſic voca<lb></lb>tis. </s> <s id="s.008524">Hos paruos atque aſſatos ſuper prunas <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1189"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ad concipiendum meritò dabat Hippocra<lb></lb>tes, quoniam polypus facilè concipit & fert, <lb></lb>nerueáque ſubſtantia præditus eſt, & tardè <lb></lb>concoquitur: ob id etiam eius caput mala <lb></lb>ſomnia mouet: quòd durum concoctione <lb></lb>atros vapores mittat non ſecùs ac cepe, ſed <lb></lb><expan abbr="lõgè">longè</expan> validius. </s> <s id="s.008525">Alij ſunt informes, velut quod <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1190"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>corio eſt, quaſi ſuillo, magnitudine fermè <lb></lb>elephantis, ſuillo etiam capite, pedibus lora<lb></lb>ceis, ſine dentibus, paruis oculis, ſub ventre <lb></lb>duo foramina habet iuxta caudam. </s> <s id="s.008526">Cauda <lb></lb>prælonga, brachij menſura latiore, quam <lb></lb>menſuram longitudine, & latitudine im<lb></lb>plent ſingulæ auriculæ, corio craſſiore, quàm <pb pagenum="539" xlink:href="016/01/188.jpg"></pb>digitus ſit, carere dentibus multis contingit <lb></lb>piſcibus, velut ſturioni, ſed cibum non cape<lb></lb>re paucis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1191"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008527"><margin.target id="marg1174"></margin.target>Cete.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008528"><margin.target id="marg1175"></margin.target>Virgæ pul<lb></lb>cherrimæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008529"><margin.target id="marg1176"></margin.target>Nauium à <lb></lb>monſtris ma<lb></lb>rinis deſen<lb></lb>ſio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008530"><margin.target id="marg1177"></margin.target>Orcas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008531"><margin.target id="marg1178"></margin.target>Ziphus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008532"><margin.target id="marg1179"></margin.target>Springual.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008533"><margin.target id="marg1180"></margin.target>Piſcis bar<lb></lb>batus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008534"><margin.target id="marg1181"></margin.target>Rhinoceros <lb></lb>piſcis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008535"><margin.target id="marg1182"></margin.target>Triton.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008536"><margin.target id="marg1183"></margin.target>Oſtrea ma<lb></lb>gnitudinis <lb></lb>immenſæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008537"><margin.target id="marg1184"></margin.target>Cur in mari <lb></lb>monſtra plu<lb></lb>rima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008538"><margin.target id="marg1185"></margin.target>Raia homini <lb></lb>amica.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008539"><margin.target id="marg1186"></margin.target>Cur ſola <lb></lb>raia alterius <lb></lb>generis pi<lb></lb>ſcibus mi<lb></lb>ſceatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008540"><margin.target id="marg1187"></margin.target>Piſces mari<lb></lb>ni cur adeò <lb></lb>magni.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008541"><margin.target id="marg1188"></margin.target>Piſces omne; <lb></lb>cur poſtrema <lb></lb>parte ſimiles <lb></lb>inter ſe ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008542">Piſcium in<lb></lb>credibilis <lb></lb>captura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008543"><margin.target id="marg1189"></margin.target>Vt ſterilis <lb></lb>concipiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008544"><margin.target id="marg1190"></margin.target>Monſtroſus <lb></lb>piſcis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008545"><margin.target id="marg1191"></margin.target>Mors.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008546">Contrà mors, quem Roſmarum quidam <lb></lb>vocant, piſcis eſt è vitulorum genere, pilo, <lb></lb>forma, moribus, in Iachis è boreali Oceani <lb></lb>latere iuxta Moſchouiam: dentibus adeò ma<lb></lb>gnis, vt capulos enſium ex eis faciant: nam <lb></lb>ebori candore ſimillimi ſunt, verùm ſolidio<lb></lb>res, grauiores, firmiores. <arrow.to.target n="marg1192"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008547"><margin.target id="marg1192"></margin.target>Animalia <lb></lb>bene olentia, <lb></lb>ſed tamen <lb></lb>parui vſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008548">Sunt & piſces odorati, vt polyporum ge<lb></lb>nus quoddam nimium & ſcarabeorum vo<lb></lb>lantium ſpecies certa inter inſecta, tum in<lb></lb>ter aues gallinæ Indiæ occidentalis, imò <lb></lb>potiùs vulturis genus: nam cadauera, & <lb></lb>res corruptas ſectatur: olet tamen benè, <lb></lb>ob caloris vehementiam, & ſiccitatem tem<lb></lb>periei. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008549">Sunt & piſces viribus admirandis: Tor<lb></lb>pedo quam Genuenſes vocant tremorizam, <lb></lb>ex raiarum genere: quod os Lunæ figura ha<lb></lb>bet: cuius contactu, vel etiam ipſorum re<lb></lb>tium manus obſtupeſcunt: doloréſque ſe<lb></lb>dantur: ſed à morte ſoluitur tanta vis: Et <lb></lb>echineis ex concharum genere, quem Re<lb></lb>moram vocant Latini: dictus echinus, <foreign lang="grc">ἀπὸ <lb></lb>τοῡ ἔχειν τὴν ναῦν</foreign>, quòd naues ſiſtat, fundo <lb></lb>illarum hærens. </s> <s id="s.008550">Vnde C. </s> <s id="s.008551">Caligulæ Cæſaris <lb></lb>triremen moratus eſt, malo illius omine. </s> <s id="s.008552">Li<lb></lb>maci magnæ perſimilis eſt, rarúſque, vt <lb></lb>qui poſt ea tempora non viſus ſit. </s> <s id="s.008553">Referunt <lb></lb>etiam in Arotan flumine beatiſſimæ inſulæ <lb></lb>Zeilam, quam inferiùs deſcribemus, eſſe <arrow.to.target n="marg1193"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>piſcium genus, quod manu deprehenſum, <lb></lb>febrem accendat, illicóque qui talem piſ<lb></lb>cem tetigerit, febre corripiatur. </s> <s id="s.008554">Et quam<lb></lb>vis incerto auctore res tam mira paruam <lb></lb>habitura ſit fidem, nihilominùs tamen hoc <lb></lb>minùs mirum, quàm quòd de torpedine, <lb></lb>& remora dictum eſt ſuperiùs: animæ <lb></lb>enim viribus variis præditæ ſunt, & ma<lb></lb>re ( vt dictum eſt ) totum vitale ac monſtris <lb></lb>ſcatens: minimúmque in animalibus, quæ <lb></lb>in eo gignuntur natura laborauit vt ſapien<lb></lb>tiam, aut ſenſum egregium conſequeren<lb></lb>tur, ob loci in quo ſunt qualitatem. </s> <s id="s.008555">Adeò <lb></lb>verò hebetes ſunt ſenſu piſces, vt multas <lb></lb>eorum ſpecies neſcias, an inter animalia, <lb></lb>an plantas numeres, vt ſpongias atque vr<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1194"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ticas: affixæ enim lapidibus nullum animalis <lb></lb>veſtigium præ ſe ferunt, quàm quòd tra<lb></lb>ctæ contrahunt ſeſe, manifeſtéque mouen<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008556">Nec in arborum partibus hoc forſan <lb></lb>negandum eſſe poſſe, vt in palmarum trun<lb></lb>cis obſcurè, in foliis autem arboris cuiuſ<lb></lb>dam, cuius folia ſimilia mori foliis, præter<lb></lb>quam quòd duos habeant pedes, manifeſtè <lb></lb>ac conſpicuè cerni affirmant: hanc enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1195"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>arborem in Limbulon inſula iuxta Molu<lb></lb>chias octo partibus ab æquinoctij circulo di<lb></lb>ſtantem, natam in nemoribus folia habere <lb></lb>dicunt, quæ excuſſa ab arbore vſque ad <lb></lb>dies octo ſi vexentur, ambulent, fitque ar<lb></lb>bos hæc ſenſitiua atque animalis, vt vrticæ, <lb></lb>pulmonéſque marini ac ſpongiæ animalia <lb></lb>arborea: tametſi pulmones haud in planta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1196"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum genere ſunt collocandi. </s> <s id="s.008557">Cùm enim mo<lb></lb>tus ſenſu & in illis conſtet, nihil prohibet <lb></lb>in calida regione, & pingui ſolo partes plan<lb></lb>tarum: quæ auelli ſolent, motum habere: hu<lb></lb>midum enim quo nutriuntur, pingue, & te<lb></lb>nue, quale animalibus his eſſe poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008558">Sed cur <lb></lb>non alia animalia immobilia præter quàm <lb></lb>in mari, in eo autem tot genera, tantáque <lb></lb>copia, vt præter vrticas, & ſpongias con<lb></lb>chyliorum tanta multitudo, totque illorum <lb></lb>diuerſa genera, velut & oſtrearum? </s> <s id="s.008559">Quo<lb></lb>niam neceſſe eſt alimento veſci animal, ob <lb></lb>idque vel animali, vel alimento motum in<lb></lb>eſſe: in aqua autem motus, in alimento igi<lb></lb>tur atque in eo, quod alimentum defert. </s> <s id="s.008560">Ob <lb></lb>id etiam animalia fructibus innata, quando<lb></lb>que manifeſtè motu, progrediendi loquor, <lb></lb>carent. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008561"><margin.target id="marg1193"></margin.target>Piſces qui <lb></lb>tacti tangen<lb></lb>tes, febre affi<lb></lb>ciant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008562"><margin.target id="marg1194"></margin.target>Vrticæ, & <lb></lb>ſpongiæ inter <lb></lb>plantas ani<lb></lb>malia me<lb></lb>diæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008563"><margin.target id="marg1195"></margin.target>Folia quæ <lb></lb>vexata mo<lb></lb>uentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008564"><margin.target id="marg1196"></margin.target>Cur nullum <lb></lb>animal im<lb></lb>mobile præ<lb></lb>terquam in <lb></lb>aquis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008565">Inter marina etiam animalia quædam <lb></lb>ſunt, quæ non mouentur, velut oſtrea con<lb></lb>chilia, in quibus natura luſiſſe mirum in mo<lb></lb>dum colorum varietate cernitur. </s> <s id="s.008566">Cauſa eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1197"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quòd velut arbores, herbæque pro ſua quæ<lb></lb>que ſpecie formas, & colores excipiunt, ſed <lb></lb>colores poſtmodum non retinent humidi <lb></lb>abundantia, ſic in conchyliis ob terrenam <lb></lb>ſubſtantiam color manet, & confirmatur. </s> <s id="s.008567">Fit <lb></lb>autem varietas tum ſtriæ certo ordine, quo<lb></lb>niam res parua variata ac miſta etiam obi<lb></lb>ter, dum æqualiter creſcunt, ſpatia certo ſem<lb></lb>per ordine elaborata videtur. </s> <s id="s.008568">Sed commune <lb></lb>eſt verè omnibus animalibus aliis, vt vngu<lb></lb>læ, & chelæ, tum pili, cornua, roſtra, colorem <lb></lb>cutis ſequantur, nec tamen hoc ſemper eſt <lb></lb>neceſſarium. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008569"><margin.target id="marg1197"></margin.target>Cauſa varie<lb></lb>tatis coloris <lb></lb><expan abbr="conchyliorũ">conchyliorum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008570">Vngulæ, che<lb></lb>læ, pili, cor<lb></lb>nua roſtra, <lb></lb>colorem ſe<lb></lb>quuntur cu<lb></lb>tis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008571">Sed ad mare reuertar, ipſum enim eſt <lb></lb>monſtrorum pater. </s> <s id="s.008572">Salſedine verò, quæ fixa <lb></lb>manent, obdurant, ſic oſtrea, & conchylia, <lb></lb>& corallum, quamvis hic dum ſub aqua lati<lb></lb>tat tener ſit. </s> <s id="s.008573">Sed cur dureſcunt conchylia, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1198"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non alga, quæ & ipſa in mari naſcitur? </s> <s id="s.008574">Cauſa <lb></lb>eſt, quòd alga creſcit, ob id fluctibus maris <lb></lb>reſiſtere non poteſt, atque ideò tenuis à na<lb></lb>tura creata eſt, vt maris impetum obſequens <lb></lb>effugiat ac deuitet: conchylia & oſtrea in <lb></lb>imo manent, & craſſa ab initio creantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008575">Diximus ſuprà, cur mollis alga ſit, conſtát<lb></lb>que contraria ratione duras eſſe conchas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008576">Optimus eſt piſcis ibi Manatus, & qui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1199"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>plauſtro vix à duobus iunctis bobus veha<lb></lb>tur: huius caro adeò vituli carnem imita<lb></lb>tur, vt ſi piſcem quis non te doceat eſſe, car<lb></lb>nem iuraueris. </s> <s id="s.008577">Contingit id, quoniam ca<lb></lb>lor magnus concoquit humidum: hoc enim <lb></lb>differ caro à piſcis ſubſtantia, quòd piſcis <lb></lb>humidum ab exiguo calore concoctum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008578">Referunt in huius piſcis capite lapidem in<lb></lb>ueniri calculo renum ſaluberrimum. </s> <s id="s.008579">Mam<lb></lb>mas habet, quibus raro exemplo editos fi<lb></lb>lios admouet: parit autem geminos pro <lb></lb>mammarum numero. </s> <s id="s.008580">Sunt qui Boa illum <lb></lb>vocent, quòd capite bouillo ad vnguem ſit <lb></lb>duobus, qua ſi brachiis, dorſo plano, ſqua<lb></lb>ma, & duriſſima pelle, docilis, vt canis, man<lb></lb>ſueſcit admodum, & recordatur iniuriarum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008581">Eſt & Tiburo ibi captu facilis ob voracita<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1200"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tem, vtilis ob magnitudinem, & carnis ſa<lb></lb>lubritatem ac ſuauitatem. </s> <s id="s.008582">Hic inter maris <lb></lb>maxima miracula eſt, cui duplex genitale <lb></lb>maſculo, vnica vulua fœminæ: duplicem ha<lb></lb>bent dentium ordinem, paritque piſcem ſui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1201"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>generis non oua. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008583"><margin.target id="marg1198"></margin.target>Cur mane <lb></lb>conchylia <lb></lb>dura reddat, <lb></lb>non tamen <lb></lb>algam.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008584"><margin.target id="marg1199"></margin.target>Manatus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008585"><margin.target id="marg1200"></margin.target>Tiburo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008586"><margin.target id="marg1201"></margin.target>Vituli mari<lb></lb>ni mira na<lb></lb>tura: variæ<lb></lb>que vires.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008587">Vituli marini maior eſt longè admiratio: <lb></lb>mammas habet, habet & pilos, ſtertit mi-<pb pagenum="540" xlink:href="016/01/189.jpg"></pb>rum in modum dormiens in littoribus. </s> <s id="s.008588">Hi<lb></lb>ſpani, lupi potiùs nomine illum ſignificant: <lb></lb>Erigi ac ſubſidere pilos in pellibus pro ma<lb></lb>ris vario affectu tam multi etiam nunc affir<lb></lb>mant, vt plinio huius rei authori gratias de<lb></lb>beamus. </s> <s id="s.008589">Sed forſan naturale eſt omninò: ſi<lb></lb>quidem auſtrinis flatibus implentur, & ob <lb></lb>id eriguntur, borealibus exinaniuntur, & <lb></lb>ſubſident: ſic enim obſeruauit Rondelle<lb></lb>tius. </s> <s id="s.008590">Nos ex illius corio cingulum habemus, <lb></lb>quo enſis dum equitamus accingitur. </s> <s id="s.008591">Serò <lb></lb>amittit pilum: corium bubalo ſimile: colos <lb></lb>pili varius: ac lyncei pelli quoquo modo <lb></lb>ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.008592">Dextram pinnam capiti ſuppoſitam <lb></lb>affirmant, ſomnum conciliare, firmaré<lb></lb>que. </s> <s id="s.008593">Atque hic eſt piſcis, cuius pellem di<lb></lb>ximus ſuprè non tangi è fulminibus: atque <lb></lb>ſi de eo, quæ referuntur omnia vera ſunt, <lb></lb>neſcio an aliud mirabilius natura fecerit: <lb></lb>quandoquidem & quoſdam morbos eadem <lb></lb>pellis geſtata ſanare credatur. </s> <s id="s.008594">Ocreæ quæ <lb></lb>illius adipe oblinuntur, aquam non remit<lb></lb>tunt. </s> <s id="s.008595">Nec nauium tabulis infeſta glacies, ſi <lb></lb>eo inungantur. </s> <s id="s.008596">Commune etiam eſt hoc <lb></lb>cetaceorum omni generi. </s> <s id="s.008597">Refert Olaus <lb></lb>Magnus coria eo inuncta, à muribus non <lb></lb>arrodi: atque ob id equorum ornamenta, <lb></lb>eo inungi ſolere: in cauſa odorem eſſe ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.008598">Halicibus infeſti præcipuè ſunt, <lb></lb>quorum maximam multitudinem deuorant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008599">Diuturnæ vitæ eſſe exiſtimandum eſt, quod <lb></lb>magnum ſit, ſanguineum ac ſpiret. </s> <s id="s.008600">Senio<lb></lb>ribus honorem deferre videntur, illis enim <lb></lb>in mare deſcendentibus ſequuntur iuniores: <lb></lb>nam ſeorſum in littore iuuenes ac ſenes <lb></lb>degere ſolent. </s> <s id="s.008601">Captum aut percuſſum vnum <lb></lb>è ſociis, cæteri tanquam auxilium laturi <lb></lb>ſequuntur, ſuum more, quibus etiam vo<lb></lb>ce aſſimilantur, Ob id ergo dolis piſcato<lb></lb>rum obnoxij ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008602">Piſcatores enim nigra <lb></lb>pelle induti, dum fœminæ vitulæ vocem <lb></lb>referunt, multos mares in inſidias trahunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008603">Nullum mare fermè horum genere caret: <lb></lb>ſed parum inter ſe differunt, qui in Medi<lb></lb>terraneo, & Auſtrali, atque Boreali Ocea<lb></lb>no, tum alibi inueniuntur, quemadmo<lb></lb>dum & ſues. </s> <s id="s.008604">Erudiri etiam dicunt, & diſcipli<lb></lb>næ eſſe capacem, agnoſceréque familiares, <lb></lb>& populum mugitu Romanum ac geſtu, <lb></lb>quandoque ſalutaſſe, vt videatur natura non <lb></lb>ſecùs ac fortuna, aliis omnia negaſſe, aliis <lb></lb>conceſſiſſe. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1202"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008605"><margin.target id="marg1202"></margin.target>Pedes cur <lb></lb>piſcibus qui<lb></lb>buſdam.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008606">Nihil tamen fermè toti piſcium gene<lb></lb>ra natura negaſſe videtur, præter exquiſi<lb></lb>tum ſenſum. </s> <s id="s.008607">Nam licet ad natationem <lb></lb>pedes eſſent piſcibus inutiles, atque ob id <lb></lb>paucis opportuni: quibuſdam tamen etiam <lb></lb>illorum pedes natura conceſſit, aut quia <lb></lb>in imo aquarum gradiantur, aut in litto<lb></lb>re: aut armorum cauſa, aut vt in tem<lb></lb>peſtatibus firmius petris hærerent, aut tan<lb></lb>quam manus, vt in cancris chelæ. </s> <s id="s.008608">Viden<lb></lb>tur autem in polypis, & cancris, ac gam<lb></lb>maris, tum locuſtis, ſquilliſque pedes om<lb></lb>nium horum cauſa dati: propterea etiam <arrow.to.target n="marg1203"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lentè natant. </s> <s id="s.008609">Vidimus in fonte paruulo <lb></lb>Lugduni piſciculos cum duobus pedibus <lb></lb>in parte anteriore quaſi ſub alis. </s> <s id="s.008610">Erant <lb></lb>autem veri piſces, quos ego capitones li<lb></lb>benter à capitis magnitudine, quod ra<lb></lb>nis ſimile habent, lato ſcilicet & humi<lb></lb>li, ac magno ore appellauerim. </s> <s id="s.008611">In his vi<lb></lb>detur natura prouidiſſe, vt è ripa firmius <lb></lb>cibum ſumere poſſent. </s> <s id="s.008612">An verò à rana<lb></lb>rum naſcentium numero? </s> <s id="s.008613">an Cordylus A<lb></lb>riſtotelis? </s> <s id="s.008614">ſed Cordylus quatuor pedes <lb></lb>habet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008615"><margin.target id="marg1203"></margin.target>Piſces bipe<lb></lb>des.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008616">Contrà inutilis eſt piſcis, quem viuellam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1204"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocant, alij priſtim, quamvis magnus, nam <lb></lb>caro eius haud iucunda eſt, forma tamen <lb></lb>mirabilis eſt hic piſcis, vt qui enſis imagine <lb></lb>cartilagineum quoddam in fronte ferat pal<lb></lb>morum quatuor longitudine, aut etiam am<lb></lb>pliùs, ab imo vſque ad ſupremum dentatum <lb></lb>acutis, robuſtiſque dentibus. </s> <s id="s.008617">Serram Bello<lb></lb>nius appellauit: qui etiam quinquaginta <lb></lb>octo <expan abbr="dẽtes">dentes</expan> habere eam affirmat. </s> <s id="s.008618">Serram ſæpè <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1205"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vidi, piſcem nunquam. </s> <s id="s.008619">Piſces etiam volantes <lb></lb>ibi naſcuntur: parui ſunt, & alati, alas habent <lb></lb>iuxta branchias longas, vt ipſi piſces palmo <lb></lb>ſcilicet amplius, quæ dum hument, piſcem <lb></lb>ſuſtinent, cùm ſiccantur, decidunt. </s> <s id="s.008620">Grega<lb></lb>tim eunt, & cum Oratis inimicitia interce<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.008621">Multi iuxta Bermudam ſeu Garzam in<lb></lb>ſulam inueniuntur. </s> <s id="s.008622">Multa horum genera mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1206"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hi cognita ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008623">Parùm manſueſcunt piſces, <lb></lb>quoniam paruo, & hebeti ingenio ſunt: ob <lb></lb>id igitur maximè manſueſcunt delphini, qui <lb></lb>etiam celerrimi ſunt piſcium, vt ingenioſiſ<lb></lb>ſimi, & affectuum humanorum haud exper<lb></lb>tes, præcipuè miſericordiæ. </s> <s id="s.008624">Eadem ratione <lb></lb>aues omnes fermè cicurant: quadrupedia vt <lb></lb>ſunt medio ingenio inter aues, & piſces, ita <lb></lb>aliqua manſueſcunt, aliqua non. </s> <s id="s.008625">Quædam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1207"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam timor, non ſinit vt manſueſcant, vt <lb></lb>mures, & lepores: quomodo enim amabis, <lb></lb>quem inſidiari vitæ tuæ ſit perſuaſum? </s> <s id="s.008626">at hoc <lb></lb>ſibi perſuadent, qui timent: propterea ty<lb></lb>ranni etiam ſi beneficio multos afficiant, à <lb></lb>nullis tamen ob timorem aſſiduum arman<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008627">Sic Neroni contigit, nec tamen exiſti<lb></lb>mes non in multos Neronem fuiſſe bene<lb></lb>ficium. </s> <s id="s.008628">Itaque piſces ob ingenij ruditatem, <lb></lb>& incommodam tractationem vix manſueſ<lb></lb>cunt, & parùm: accedit <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1208"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>plerunque timor. </s> <s id="s.008629">Cùm igitur delphinus in<lb></lb>genio valeat, ſicque audaciſſimus, & ſpiret, <lb></lb>atque ob id tractari poſſit commodè, neceſ<lb></lb>ſe eſt, vt vel ſolus, vel etiam maximè inter <lb></lb>omnes piſces manſueſcat: qui ſi traduci poſ<lb></lb>ſet in piſcinas, parùm manſuetudine à cane <lb></lb>differret. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008630"><margin.target id="marg1204"></margin.target>Viuella.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008631"><margin.target id="marg1205"></margin.target>Piſces vo<lb></lb>lantes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008632"><margin.target id="marg1206"></margin.target>Cur piſces <lb></lb>vix man<lb></lb>ſueſcant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008633">Delphini.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008634"><margin.target id="marg1207"></margin.target>Lepores & <lb></lb>mures cur <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>cicurentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008635"><margin.target id="marg1208"></margin.target>Delphini cur <lb></lb>maximè in<lb></lb>ter piſces <lb></lb><expan abbr="mãſueſcant">manſueſcant</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008636">Sed poſtquàm in murium ſermonem inci<lb></lb>dimus, de illis, illorúmque generibus, quæ <lb></lb>plurima ſunt: aliqua dicenda ſunt, altiùs re<lb></lb>petitio principio. </s> <s id="s.008637">Nam cùm animalia pluri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1209"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bus modis diſtinguantur, ex alimentorum <lb></lb>etiam diſcrimine differentias ſumi docuimus <lb></lb>generaliter quidem herbarum, arborúmque, <lb></lb>tum carnium, propriè autem quatuor mo<lb></lb>dis: aut enim elementorum humido veſcun<lb></lb>tur, vt chamæleon aëris, ſturio, & multi <lb></lb>piſces alij aquæ, buffones terræ: quamvis <lb></lb>enim terram edant, terra tamen non eſt illis <lb></lb>alimentum, ſed exiguum illud pingue humi<lb></lb>dum, quod in terra continetur: aut plan<lb></lb>tis, vt ſolipeda, pleraque tum etiam corni<lb></lb>gera, atque hæc prioribus nobiliora: aut car<lb></lb>nibus, vt leones, & canes præcedentibus am<lb></lb>bobus præſtantiora. </s> <s id="s.008638">Quarum genus fru-<pb pagenum="541" xlink:href="016/01/190.jpg"></pb>ctibus veſcitur, hócque nobiliſſimum eſt: <lb></lb>atque in eo genere eſt homo, elephas, ſus, & <lb></lb>vrſus, tum etiam mures, auéſque omnes fer<lb></lb>mè præter carniuoras: ſeminibus enim ac <lb></lb>fructibus omnes veſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.008639">Ex ex his omnia <lb></lb>etiam præter elephantem carnes deuorant, <lb></lb>exceptis auibus, quarum etiam quædam, vt <lb></lb>gallinæ, & picæ, & cornices, carnibus alun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008640">Quæ verò animalia carnibus veſcuntur, <lb></lb>edunt etiam & oua, lac, & ſanguinem Igitur <lb></lb>quæcunque talia ſunt, mortuis ſolùm dele<lb></lb>ctantur, non tamen occîdunt quicquam <lb></lb>præter aues: aues enim quæ carnibus vtun<lb></lb>tur, eædem deuorant animalia, ſi liceat etiam <lb></lb>uiuentia, vt gallinæ vermes. </s> <s id="s.008641">Cùm verò ex <lb></lb>his ſint in frigidis quidem regionibus mi<lb></lb>nores, & agreſtibus ſimiles, in temperatis <lb></lb>maximi, vt etiam Erymanthij apri, qui re<lb></lb>giones deuaſtare auſus eſt, memoria maneat, <lb></lb>mirum cur in calidis regionibus minimi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1210"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſint: habemus enim Indicos forma, voce, <lb></lb>moribus aliis ſimiles, tum etiam vteri ge<lb></lb>ſtatione: nam duobus menſibus, non vt cuni<lb></lb>culi tribus abſoluuntur ſeptimanis, cunicu<lb></lb>lis tamen non parum minores: quorum caro <lb></lb>ſuauis eſt: ipſi verò nec mordent, nec man<lb></lb>ſueſcunt, ſed velociſſimè, vt pleraque parua <lb></lb>animalia, currunt. </s> <s id="s.008642">Non tam facilè moriun<lb></lb>tur, vt cuniculi, raróque & parum bibunt: <lb></lb>non eſt illis <expan abbr="lõga">longa</expan> vita: frigore etiam pereunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008643">Itaque eos Indicos non auſim dicere, ſed po<lb></lb>tiùs ob ſiccitatem paruos, quia forſan origo <lb></lb>ex Africa ſit. </s> <s id="s.008644">Calor enim non poteſt ma<lb></lb>gnitudini obſtare, nec humidum, ſed frigus <lb></lb>aut ſiccitas, ob id frigore moriuntur, nec bi<lb></lb>bunt. </s> <s id="s.008645">Veſcuntur autem maximè caulibus, <lb></lb>furfure & auena. </s> <s id="s.008646">Erigunt etiam ſeſe contra <lb></lb>aliorum morem, & vt cuniculi fœtus ſuos <lb></lb>deuorant ob ſalacitatem: digitos quinos, ſe<lb></lb>noſve habent in pedibus, aut etiam plures: <lb></lb>pilum molliorem, color omnis generis qua<lb></lb>drupedium: os habent non roſtrum, atque <lb></lb>nitus recondita genitalia: dentes etiam cu<lb></lb>niculorum more, & tamen abſolutos fœtus <lb></lb>pariunt, quíque vt ſues: matrem ſtatim co<lb></lb>mitant (pariunt autem plerunque ternos<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>oculos murium oculis ſimiles, vnde qui<lb></lb>dam mures Indicos eſſe exiſtimant, ſed cau<lb></lb>da fermè cùm careant, miſtum quaſi genus <lb></lb>dicas. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008647"><margin.target id="marg1209"></margin.target>Animalium <lb></lb>differentiæ <lb></lb>ex ciborum <lb></lb>diſcrimine.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008648"><margin.target id="marg1210"></margin.target>Sus Indicus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008649">Sed cùm de muribus tractaſſe deſtinaſſem, <lb></lb>ad ſues tranſieram. </s> <s id="s.008650">Illud non omittens, ani<lb></lb>malia quæque magnitudinem ciborum co<lb></lb>pia, aut paucitate, dum ablactantur commu<lb></lb>tare, vt etiam canes ac ſues, tum alia omnia: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1211"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>itaque ad mures redeundum. </s> <s id="s.008651">Neque vulga<lb></lb>ris hiſtoria tam vile animal, etiam in mini<lb></lb>mis tam egregiè ludente natura: ſiquidem <lb></lb>adeò primùm fœcundum eſt, vt Theophra<lb></lb>ſtus referat: in Perſide mures fœminas etiam <lb></lb>in vtero matris concipere. </s> <s id="s.008652">Res prorſus in<lb></lb>credibilis, niſi facilitas procreandi ad vtilita<lb></lb>tem potiùs, quàm ad præſtantiam referre<lb></lb>tur: viliſſima enim quæque facillimè gene<lb></lb>rantur, & abſoluuntur, & celerrimè, & om<lb></lb>nibus modis: non ita elephas, aut delphin, <lb></lb>aut homo. </s> <s id="s.008653">Itaque & pluuis adeò multipli<lb></lb>cantur, vt neſcias quid magis mirum ſit, an <lb></lb>tam facilè genus illorum propagari, an inte<lb></lb>rire: non enim minùs celeriter intereunt, <lb></lb>quàm augeantur. </s> <s id="s.008654">Cauſa (vt dictum eſt)ma<lb></lb>nifeſta: viliſſima enim quæque vt colluuie <lb></lb>propria ac ſorde generantur, ita minimis <lb></lb>quibuſcunque cauſis intereunt: eadem enim <lb></lb>facilitas interitus, generationíſque. </s> <s id="s.008655">Nam <lb></lb>quòd facilè generentur, ratio vna eſt, quia <lb></lb>facilè abſoluuntur. </s> <s id="s.008656">Facilè autem abſoluun<lb></lb>tur parua vnoquoque genere, & imbecilla. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008657">talia ergo facilè etiam interire neceſſarium <lb></lb>eſt: quod non ſolùm in ſpeciebus, ſed homi<lb></lb>nibus ſingulis intelligendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.008658">Videtur <lb></lb>enim homo quaſi ſpecies vna, non æternita<lb></lb>te, aut nobilitate, ſed potentia atque perfe<lb></lb>ctione. </s> <s id="s.008659">In Giaro quoque inſula Archipelagi <lb></lb>referunt metalla erodere, & arbores denti<lb></lb>bus tactas occidere. </s> <s id="s.008660">Hoc autem rabiei cuiuſ<lb></lb>dam, & immodicæ ſiccitatis argumentum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.008661">Cur igitur ad tantam ſiccitatem facilli<lb></lb>mè ferantur, cauſa eſt, quòd facillimè mu<lb></lb>tantur. </s> <s id="s.008662">Mutantur autem facillimè, quod ſint <lb></lb>imbecilliſſima natura: recipiunt autem ac <lb></lb>retinent vim quia alioquin ſunt perfecta <lb></lb>atque ſanguinea. </s> <s id="s.008663">Species verò eorum innu<lb></lb>meræ, domeſtici, agreſtes, ſciuri, à caudæ ma<lb></lb>gnitudine vocati glires, auellanei reliquis <lb></lb>minores, qui totam hyemem dormiunt: al pi<lb></lb>ni quoque, quos vocant Mediolanenſes mar<lb></lb>motas, ad hoc genus referuntur. </s> <s id="s.008664">Commune <lb></lb>eſt alpinis ac ſciuris, tum gliribus, auella<lb></lb>neíſque manſueſcere. </s> <s id="s.008665">Omnes etiam hi præ<lb></lb>ter ſciuros gyeme dormiunt: ſed auellanei, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1212"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui inter corylos degunt, rubri ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008666">Sciuri <lb></lb>hyeme latent potius, quàm dormiant. </s> <s id="s.008667">Om<lb></lb>nibus his etiam commune eſt, vt erecti co<lb></lb>medant, pedibus anterioribus pro manibus <lb></lb>vtentes. </s> <s id="s.008668">Pingueſcunt glires maximè hyeme, <lb></lb>vt ſomno potiùs, quàm cibo pingueſcere vi<lb></lb>deantur: quamuis tamen recondant in arbo<lb></lb>ribus caſtanearum, nucúmque immenſam <lb></lb>plerunque copiam. </s> <s id="s.008669">Sciuri auxilio caudæ, & <lb></lb>leuitate agiles adeò ſunt, vt ex arbore in ar<lb></lb>borem ſaliant. </s> <s id="s.008670">Flumina tranant, cauda pro <lb></lb>velo vtentes ramuſculis innixi: caro eorum, <lb></lb>qui iuxta polum capiuntur: quoniam ibi pin<lb></lb>gueſcere ſolent, ſuauis eſt. </s> <s id="s.008671">Creditum eſt, <lb></lb>dentes illorum appenſos, pro amuleto eſſe ad <lb></lb>diuinationem omnium maximi alpini, ſaga<lb></lb>ces admodum, & nihil præter nomen com<lb></lb>mune cum muribus habentes. </s> <s id="s.008672">Speculatorem <lb></lb>enim in montibus vnum è ſuis habent, qui <lb></lb>gregem moneat, alioqui ſarmentis colligen<lb></lb>dis intentum: ex his enim mollia colligen<lb></lb>tes, ac pedibus ſupini amplexantes, onuſtus <lb></lb>ab altero cauda trahi, plauſtri inſtar ſe pati<lb></lb>tur, vt lectulum ſuum ſecum auehat, quem <lb></lb>aliter deferre non poſſet. </s> <s id="s.008673">Creditum eſt eui<lb></lb>dendi ratione, cùm plurimùm pingueſcant, <lb></lb>& in cibo minimè ſint ingrati illorum car<lb></lb>nes ad ſomnum conciliandum plurimùm <lb></lb>conferre. </s> <s id="s.008674">Manſueſcunt hi maximè & ſciuri: <lb></lb>ſed glires, & auellanei parum, ob paruita<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.008675">Videntur alpinis è directo cuſetæ (ſic <lb></lb>enim ſciuros vocant ciues noſtri) contrarij: <lb></lb>alpini enim tardi motu, & quietis amatores, <lb></lb>ſciuri autem nunquam quieſcunt: vnde im<lb></lb>modicè carnem illorum calidam, & ſiccam <lb></lb>eſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.008676">Nuper ex Aſia murem, quem <lb></lb>Indicum eſſe affirmabant, aduexerunt, <lb></lb>ore, & cauda muribus noſtris exquiſitè ſi<lb></lb>milem, ſed colore, & magnitudine taxi. <pb pagenum="542" xlink:href="016/01/191.jpg"></pb>Eſt autem taxus ſeu melis vulpe maior, co<lb></lb>lore cineris, longíſque pilis, rictu fero, & <lb></lb>præacutis dentibus moxdax. </s> <s id="s.008677">Itaque vt ad<lb></lb>mures redeam, vidimus ex his candidiſſimos: <lb></lb>ſenio enim caneſcunt: frigore etiam, tum <lb></lb>cibis candidis, candidi euadunt. </s> <s id="s.008678">Olaus ſac<lb></lb>charo expertum ſe ait: apes nigras eſſe pu<lb></lb>tat, quod vno nutriantur cibo: verſiculores <lb></lb>veſpas, quod variis. </s> <s id="s.008679">Vtcunque ſit, imbecillia <lb></lb>alimento multum mutantur, colore, corpore <lb></lb>ac moribus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1213"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008680"><margin.target id="marg1211"></margin.target>Murium hi<lb></lb>ſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008681"><margin.target id="marg1212"></margin.target>Sciuri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008682"><margin.target id="marg1213"></margin.target>Mare aliqui<lb></lb>bus in locis <lb></lb>cur ſterile.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008683">Eſt & illud conſiderandum, quod in mari <lb></lb>non ſecùs, quàm in terra contingit, regiones <lb></lb>eſſe quaſdam in eo ſteriles, alias piſcoſiſſi<lb></lb>mas: nam in quibuſdam pabulum abundat, <lb></lb>in aliis autem non adeſt: tum verò diuerſa <lb></lb>terrarum genera odore, ac ſapore vario aquas <lb></lb>inficiunt, quos piſces aut ſequuntur aut fu<lb></lb>giunt. </s> <s id="s.008684">Littora tamen piſcibus plerunque <lb></lb>abundant ob pabulum, & gurgites, ob ſecu<lb></lb>ritatem. </s> <s id="s.008685">Adeò verò magnum eſt aquarum <arrow.to.target n="marg1214"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diſcrimen in mari, vt iuxta Indiam in Æ<lb></lb>thiopiæ directo paſſuum millibus fermè tre<lb></lb>centis, albeſcat vt lac, alibi cœruleum ſit, ali<lb></lb>bi nigrum, alibi viride. </s> <s id="s.008686">Album, eſt cum are<lb></lb>na alba ſubeſt mari minimè profundo: vi<lb></lb>ride, cùm mediocris fuerit profunditatis: cœ<lb></lb>ruleum cum magnæ, <expan abbr="mouetúrq;">mouetúrque</expan> ſed ſi quieſ<lb></lb>cat, color fit argenteus. </s> <s id="s.008687">Vidimus in Verbano <lb></lb>lacu, cùm Lutetiam Pariſiorum proficiſ<lb></lb>ceremur, inter fluctuantes vndas totius la<lb></lb>cus, partem non procul à nobis immotam, <lb></lb>argenteíque coloris, cum reliquum totum <lb></lb>eſſet cœruleum. </s> <s id="s.008688">Cauſa eſt, quòd ventus à <lb></lb>montis cacumine impeditur, nec aliter quàm <lb></lb>vmbra altitudine finitur. </s> <s id="s.008689">Parte verò illa, <lb></lb>quæ vrgebat ad montem (neque enim tran<lb></lb>quillitas ad montis radicem perueniebat) <lb></lb>initium ſumpſit, vbi impetus iuxta rupem <lb></lb>ceſſabat: nam impetu colliſa ad latera per<lb></lb>miſcebat eam, quæ in medio erat. </s> <s id="s.008690">Nigra au<lb></lb>tem fit, quoties arena nigra ſubeſt aquis <lb></lb>haud profundis, aut cùm profunda fuerit <lb></lb>turbulenta. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1215"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008691"><margin.target id="marg1214"></margin.target>Mare vt lac <lb></lb>album.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008692"><margin.target id="marg1215"></margin.target>Cur <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> <lb></lb>iuxta Cale<lb></lb>chutum pe<lb></lb>ſtis,</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008693">Itaque illud idem contingit in piſcibus ex <lb></lb>aqua, quod hominibus ex aëre: referunt enim <lb></lb>in Calechuto Indiæ cum ciuitate, tum regio<lb></lb>ne, nunquam peſtem ſæuire, ob aëris tempe<lb></lb>riem credo, ciborúmque ſalubritatem, ac <lb></lb>forſan victus moderationem: ita in partibus <lb></lb>quibuſdam maris piſces abundant, quòd vi<lb></lb>ctus ibi, & aqua ſint ſaluberrima. </s> <s id="s.008694">Nam de <lb></lb>ratione viuendi non eſt, vt diſputemus in <lb></lb>piſcibus, cùm in ea peccare homini tantum<lb></lb>modò proprium ſit. <arrow.to.target n="marg1216"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008695"><margin.target id="marg1216"></margin.target>Auium om<lb></lb>nis generis <lb></lb>abundantia, <lb></lb>ſalubritatis <lb></lb>aëris maxi<lb></lb>mum argu<lb></lb>mentum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008696">Manucodia<lb></lb>ta.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008697">Eadem ratione, & aër auibus abundat, <lb></lb>alius (vt ita dicam) ſterileſcit. </s> <s id="s.008698">Indicio eſt, <lb></lb>auium omnis generis abundantia duplici <lb></lb>modo ſalubritatis aëris, & quòd ipſæ ſen<lb></lb>tiant maximè aëris qualitates, & quòd pau<lb></lb>lulum etiam ſuppetat. </s> <s id="s.008699">Verùm hoc ſignum <lb></lb>ad regiones referri debet, non ad illarum <lb></lb>partes: eſſe enim poteſt, vt in valle etiam <lb></lb>abundent aues, & tamen ibi grauis erit aër, <lb></lb>camporum, & collium comparatione. </s> <s id="s.008700">Ve<lb></lb>rum colles, & campi optimam obtinebunt <lb></lb>aëris ſalubritatem. </s> <s id="s.008701">Vnde & Moluchis inſu<lb></lb>lis ſub æquinoctio auis mortua in terra, aut <lb></lb>mari colligitur, quæ viuens nunquam videri <lb></lb>ſolet, quoniam pedibus careat, tametſi neget <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles auem vllam pedibus carere. </s> <s id="s.008702">Hæc <lb></lb>igitur, quam ter videre iam contigit, ſola (vt <lb></lb>ita dicam)ob id pedibus caret, quòd in ſubli<lb></lb>mi aëre, atque procul ab omni viſu humano <lb></lb>habitet. </s> <s id="s.008703">Corpus eius, roſtrúmque magnitu<lb></lb>dine, & forma ſimile hirundini, pennæ ala<lb></lb>rum, & caudæ accipitrem magnitudine, dum <lb></lb>alas extendit, ſuperant, æquant verò fermè <lb></lb>aquilam. </s> <s id="s.008704">Pennarum craſſitudinem excogita<lb></lb>re potes, tanta enim eſt, qualem pro auiculæ <lb></lb>paruitate conuenire ratio docet. </s> <s id="s.008705">Sunt igitur <lb></lb>tenuiſſimæ, & perſimiles, præter tenuitatem <lb></lb>pennis pauonum fœminarum ex toto: neque <lb></lb>maſculorum pauonum pennis aſſimilantur, <lb></lb>quòd non ſint oculatæ, vt quæ in maſculi <lb></lb>pauonis cauda cernuntur. </s> <s id="s.008706">Maſculi dorſum <lb></lb>auiculæ huius ſinuatur intus, in eámque ca<lb></lb>uitatem oua fœmina facere, ratio ipſa do<lb></lb>cet, cùm & ipſa fœmina cauum habeat ven<lb></lb>trem, vt ſic vtraque cauitate poſſit oua in<lb></lb>cubare. </s> <s id="s.008707">Maſculo hæret in cauda filum lon<lb></lb>gius tribus palmis coloris nigri, medium in<lb></lb>ter quadratum, rotundúmve, neque craſſum, <lb></lb>neque admodum tenue, verum ei non ab<lb></lb>ſimile, quo crepidas cerdones conſuere ſo<lb></lb>lent. </s> <s id="s.008708">Hoc exiſtimamus dum fœmina oua in<lb></lb>cubat alligari firmius illam maſculo: neque <lb></lb>mirum eſt in aëre perpetuò habitare, nam <lb></lb>cauda, & alis in orbem extenſis, haud du<lb></lb>bium eſt ſpontè ſuſtineri. </s> <s id="s.008709">Viciſſitudo etiamſi <lb></lb>quid eſt laſſitudinis, illam excutere poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008710">Cibum nullum eſſe puto præter cœli rorem, <lb></lb>qui ſimul ſit cibus, & potus, & ita natura pro<lb></lb>uidiſſe diligenter tanto miraculo videtur, vt <lb></lb>in aëre habitare poſſit. </s> <s id="s.008711">Veſci autem aëre pu<lb></lb>ro haud veriſimile eſt, quòd nimis tenuis ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008712">Veſci animalculis, neque id, quòd ibi non <lb></lb>fiat congregatio ad generationem illorum <lb></lb>haud dubiè neceſſaria: neque in auium ven<lb></lb>tribus illa cernuntur, qualia in hirundi<lb></lb>num: ſed tamen hoc non cogit, cum Ma<lb></lb>nucodiatas ſolo ſenio confici credendum <lb></lb>ſit: at nec vapore, cum infrà copioſior ſit, <lb></lb>vnde deſdendentes viderentur: vapor etiam <lb></lb>nonnunquam pernicioſus eſt, rore igitur <lb></lb>per noctem veſci veriſimile eſt. </s> <s id="s.008713">Vt verò Ma<lb></lb>nucodiata, ita auis eſt, vt nullo modo inha<lb></lb>bitet terram, ita contraria ratione ſtruthio <arrow.to.target n="marg1217"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>camelus ſic à terra non diſcedit vnquam, vt <lb></lb>auem dicere non poſſis, niſi ad formam reſ<lb></lb>picias. </s> <s id="s.008714">Nomen, vt reor, ſumpſit, quòd colli, <lb></lb>& crurium longitudine camelum imitetur: <lb></lb>eſt enim homine ipſo paulò procerioris ſta<lb></lb>turæ. </s> <s id="s.008715">Struthio autem paſſerculus dicitur <lb></lb>Græcè, quaſi per ironiam nomine compoſi<lb></lb>to, velut ſi quis pigmæum Gigantem diceret <lb></lb>ſimul, vel homunculum giganteum. </s> <s id="s.008716">Ex <lb></lb>auium genere eſt Struthiocamelus, ſed ca<lb></lb>meli magnitudine collum, roſtrum, oculi, <lb></lb>caput anſeri, ſed pro magnitudine propria <lb></lb>reſpondent, alæ & cauda pennis verſicolo<lb></lb>ribus, cinereis, candidis, nigris: nam tres hi <lb></lb>colores, quòd parum niteant, ſunt in eis <lb></lb>natiui rubei rarus ac vix conſpicuus, & ta<lb></lb>men nulli auium vel ſic: nec vlli auium in <lb></lb>pennis tanta iucunditas aut pulchritudo, <lb></lb>ob id galeas milites non aliis ornant. </s> <s id="s.008717">Quan<lb></lb>quam ſint, qui ob raritatem nunc Manuco<lb></lb>diatæ, tum alas, tum caudam in criſtas fi<lb></lb>gant, addita etiam ſuperſtitione, qui ſecum <pb pagenum="543" xlink:href="016/01/192.jpg"></pb>habeat, in bello non vulnerari. </s> <s id="s.008718">Corpus igi<lb></lb>tur raris plumis, rarioribus crura teguntur, <lb></lb>adeò vt humana crura non auis videantur: <lb></lb>nam magnitudine, rotunditatéque, ac quòd <lb></lb>in anguſtum, nec admodum, ſed ſenſim iuxta <lb></lb>genu finiantur, humanum femur, quódque <lb></lb>plumis careant, candida carne, imitantur: <lb></lb>pedes bifidi, vt bobus cum vngulis, crus vt <lb></lb>anſeri, ſed pro magnitudine, lentus inceſſus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008719">Illa quam vidi, mitis erat, reliquarum mores <lb></lb>ignoro. </s> <s id="s.008720">Oua caput infantis magnitudine re<lb></lb>ferunt, rotunda, cùm ſeneſcunt, ebur effin<lb></lb>gunt. </s> <s id="s.008721">Suſpendi ſolent in templis, diu enim <lb></lb>manent, quòd duriſſima ſint, humoréque <lb></lb>exempto, quaſi oſſea redduntur. </s> <s id="s.008722">Pilos habet <lb></lb>in ſuperiore palpebra, currit vt equus adeò <lb></lb>celeriter: ferunt equum illam refugere, nec <lb></lb>intueri audere: currit erectis alis, ſed tamen <lb></lb>haud volat, ferúntque pedibus lapides vi<lb></lb>brare, concoquere ferrum, quod ob calidita<lb></lb>tem vehementem, & ventriculi contingit <lb></lb>craſſitudinem, ouáque oculis fouere: ſed non <lb></lb>fouet, verùm obſeruat, calore enim Solis pul<lb></lb>li educuntur. </s> <s id="s.008723">Vocem eius nunquam audiui: <lb></lb>maximam auium, ſi modò auis appellari de<lb></lb>bet, eſſe hanc certum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008724"><margin.target id="marg1217"></margin.target>Struthio ca<lb></lb>melus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008725">Verùm volantium apud nos maxima, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1218"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quam cunctæ timent, eſt aquila omnibus <lb></lb>nota, generoſiſſima: anſere etiam multò eſt <lb></lb>maior, maximè tamen alis, & cauda potiùs, <lb></lb>quàm corpore ipſo ac pondere. </s> <s id="s.008726">Veſcitur <lb></lb>etiam ſerpentibus, à quibus inuoluta impe<lb></lb>ditur & decidit nonnunquam. </s> <s id="s.008727">Cæterùm ge<lb></lb>neroſiores ſolem non conniuentes intuentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008728">Verùm in Iurrha Scythiæ Bialozor auis eſt <lb></lb>ſub ventre candida cum quodam quaſi ſplen<lb></lb>dore, alis & caudam etiam ipſa Aquila ma<lb></lb>ior, quam cæteræ volucres adeò formi<lb></lb>dant, vt ea viſa etiam Aquila ipſa exani<lb></lb>metur, cùm tamen corpore Aquilam non <lb></lb>excedat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1219"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008729"><margin.target id="marg1218"></margin.target>Aquila.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008730"><margin.target id="marg1219"></margin.target>Auis maxi<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008731">In India etiam referunt auem eſſe rapa<lb></lb>cem, longè aquila maiorem, nigram, purpu<lb></lb>reámque, intercurſantibus pennis candidis: <lb></lb>cuius roſtrum fuluum, cæruleóque ſeu phœ<lb></lb>niceo colore diſtinctum, adeò pulchrè, vt <lb></lb>nil iucundius viſu eſſe poſſit: vnde & ob <lb></lb>pulchritudinem, & ob magnitudinem, ca<lb></lb>puli ex roſtro huius auis fieri ſolent: con<lb></lb>ſtat autem prædurum hoc roſtrum eſſe opor<lb></lb>tere. </s> <s id="s.008732">Hanc volantium auium maximam <lb></lb>eſſe conſtat. </s> <s id="s.008733">Vnde alas ingentes talibus <lb></lb>eſſe neceſſe eſt: quò enim maiores ac du<lb></lb>riores, eò celeriùs volant. </s> <s id="s.008734">Si autem mol<lb></lb>les, præſtat eſſe mediocres, quoniam maio<arrow.to.target n="marg1220"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>res flectuntur, & impediunt: velut & olo<lb></lb>ribus, qui ſola fermè magnitudine ab an<lb></lb>ſere diſtinguuntur, quamuis candidi toti <lb></lb>ſint, & inter omnes aues ſuauiſſimè occi<lb></lb>nant: vox tamen, vt ſæpiùs audiens conſi<lb></lb>deraui, anſerina eſt. </s> <s id="s.008735">Atque hoc genus <lb></lb>auium tam laudatum, diſcerpit ſuos, ac <lb></lb>deuorat, in morte verò dulcè canit. </s> <s id="s.008736">Vnde <lb></lb>Ouidius: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Sic vbi fata vocant vdis abiectus in herbis, <lb></lb>Ad vada Mæandri concinit albus olor.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008737"><margin.target id="marg1220"></margin.target>Olor.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008738">Genus auium piſcoſum eſt etiam roſtri <lb></lb>magnitudine, & corporis celebre in occi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1221"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dentali India alcatraz dictum, cinerea, cro<lb></lb>ceáque pluma diſtinctum, roſtro duorum <lb></lb>palmorum in acutum tendente, cùm tamen <lb></lb>parum ab hac magnitudine abſit roſtrum, <lb></lb>tum ciconiæ, tum gruis. </s> <s id="s.008739">Sed picuto roſtrum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1222"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maius eſt toto corpore, corpus autem cotur<lb></lb>nice paulò maius. </s> <s id="s.008740">Roſtrum igitur longius, <lb></lb>latum vbi capiti iungitur tribus digitis <lb></lb>aduncum, quo terebrat arbores, atque ibi à <lb></lb>caudatis ſimiis arte ac roſtro quanquam pu<lb></lb>ſillum, ſe tuetur pulchrè. </s> <s id="s.008741">Illud in eo mirum, <lb></lb>quòd pennam habeat loco linguæ, vnde à <lb></lb>natura aliarum auium multùm diſſidet: ſibi<lb></lb>lat vehementer: hunc & eadem terra alit, <lb></lb>quæ Alcatraz. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008742"><margin.target id="marg1221"></margin.target>Alcatraz.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008743"><margin.target id="marg1222"></margin.target>Picutus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008744">Sunt & inter aues nobiles vultures augu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1223"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rio Romuli, tum magnitudine, & raritate, <lb></lb>adeò vt quædam nidos eorum nunquam vi<lb></lb>ſos affirment, cùm tamen in rupibus eius <lb></lb>partis Angliæ, quæ Scotia nunc vocatur, <lb></lb>iuxta arcem maximè plures nidi conſpician<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008745">Vultur carnes edit, nec tamen animal <lb></lb>vllum occidit, ob ídque ſacer creditus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008746">Plumę cum cute pro pellibus aptantur, adeó<lb></lb>que excalefaciunt, vt exurant. </s> <s id="s.008747">Aptantur & <lb></lb>auium reliquarum plumæ eadem ratione, <lb></lb>præcipuè olorum. </s> <s id="s.008748">Procul vident maximè <lb></lb>vultures: <expan abbr="aciéſq;">aciéſque</expan> inſtructas proſequuntur exi<lb></lb>tiali augurio cladis eius partis iuxta quam <lb></lb>inſederint. </s> <s id="s.008749"><expan abbr="Atq;">Atque</expan> hæc auis multùm ab antiquis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1224"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>celebrata etiam nunc viſitur. </s> <s id="s.008750">At Phœnicem <lb></lb>prædicarunt multi auem, fabulæ quàm veri<lb></lb>tati propriorem: quamuis dicat Ouidius, <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Vna eſt quæ reparet, ſéque ipſa reſeminet ales, <lb></lb>Aſſyrij Phœnica vocant.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008751"><margin.target id="marg1223"></margin.target>Vultures.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008752"><margin.target id="marg1224"></margin.target>Phœnix an <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008753">Referunt tamen quidam in interiore In<lb></lb>dia auem eſſe nomine Semendam, quæ ro<lb></lb>ſtrum habet triplici ordine, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> vt in elly<lb></lb>chiniis vndequaque perforatum, quæ mori<lb></lb>tura dulcè canat cygnorum exemplo, inde <lb></lb>collectis ſarmentis motu alarum accendat <lb></lb>illa, <expan abbr="vratúrq;">vratúrque</expan> ex cuius cinere vermis, tum ex <lb></lb>verme auis denuò renaſcatur: quæ his malui <lb></lb>addere, ſubtilem ob hiſtoriæ ſenſum, qui ad <lb></lb>orbis, qui ad virtutis originem ſpectat, quàm <lb></lb>ob rei ipſius deſcriptæ incredibilem narra<lb></lb>tionem prætermittere. </s> <s id="s.008754">Sed vt magnitudine, <lb></lb>ita paruitate diſſident regiones. </s> <s id="s.008755">Apud nos <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1225"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>certè auium minima eſt regulus, qui per du<lb></lb>meta volitat, paſſerculo dimidio minor. </s> <s id="s.008756">Sed <lb></lb>eadem India mittit muſcatum paſſerem, <lb></lb>quem qui volantem viderit, tum ob celerita<lb></lb>tem, tum ob paruitatem, crabronem, aut veſ<lb></lb>pam iure exiſtimet: pennis aureis, <expan abbr="viridibúſq;">viridibúſque</expan> <lb></lb>aliíſque verſicoloribus ornatur: magnitudo <lb></lb>ape paulò maior: roſtro velut acus eſt tenuiſ<lb></lb>ſima: totus cum nido grana tritici 24. vix <lb></lb>pondere æquat, hunc è cotto conficit: audax <lb></lb>eſt, & nidum petentibus oculos inuadit, ce<lb></lb>leritate & paruitate tutior. </s> <s id="s.008757">Conſtat itaque <lb></lb>auem hanc tenuiſſimæ eſſe ſubſtantiæ, cali<lb></lb>dámque, ob id & audacem: nam cùm roſtrum <lb></lb>pedes, linguam, alas, viſcera, plumam, vn<lb></lb>gulas, cerebrúmque habeat, tum alia mul<lb></lb>ta, ſubtilem ſubſtantiam illius ac bene ela<lb></lb>boratam eſſe oportuit: atque (vt reor) hæc eſt <lb></lb>auium omnium minima. </s> <s id="s.008758">Velut ſolertiſſima <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1226"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in eadem Inoia habitat, quam ſtultum vo<lb></lb>cant paſſerem, à contrario ſenſu: nigra <lb></lb>eſt auis, intermicantibus pennis albis in <pb pagenum="544" xlink:href="016/01/193.jpg"></pb>collo, turdi magnitudine, quæ aduerſus cau<lb></lb>datas ſimias: quarum ibi numerus eſt in<lb></lb>credibilis, hoc modo ſe munit, vt nec homo <lb></lb>tot commoda aduerſus periculum inuenire <lb></lb>queat. </s> <s id="s.008759">Eligit primò arborem excelſam ac <lb></lb>ſpinis obſitam, vt metu terreatur ob altitu<lb></lb>dinem, & à ſpinis arceatur ob incommo<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.008760">Ramis huius arboris maximè aculeatis <lb></lb>ſuſpendit nidum prædurum, ne frangi ab <lb></lb>inimico poſſit: inſtruit aditum anguſtum, vt <lb></lb>hoſtis arceatur, ipſa ingredi: latum in imo, <lb></lb>vt commodè cum pullis degere poſſit, tum <lb></lb>maximè quòd in eodem excrementa illo<lb></lb>rum colligere cogitur, nullo exitu patente <lb></lb>alio, quàm is, per quem in ſuprema parte eſt <lb></lb>ingreſſus. </s> <s id="s.008761">Verùm quia hoſtem vti nouit, ma<lb></lb>nu non ſecùs, quàm hominem nidi longitu<lb></lb>dinem ad quatuor palmos extendit, vt cùm <lb></lb>manum immiſerit, etiam procul abſit ab <lb></lb>imo, atque ea ratione oua, vel pullos, qui in<lb></lb>tùs latent, tuatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008762"><margin.target id="marg1225"></margin.target>Regulus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008763">Paſſer muſ<lb></lb>catus auium <lb></lb>minimus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008764"><margin.target id="marg1226"></margin.target>Paſſer ſtul<lb></lb>tus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008765">Præſtant aures mirum in modum genera<lb></lb>liter ingenio, ſagacitatéque, quòd fructibus <lb></lb>non plantis, aut deteriore aliqua colluuie <lb></lb>nutriantur, & in aëre puriore degant. </s> <s id="s.008766">Atque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1227"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inter cæteras pſittacus, quòd grandi ſit ca<lb></lb>pite, atque in India cœlo ſyncero naſcatur: <lb></lb>vnde etiam didicit non ſolùm loqui, ſed me<lb></lb>ditari. </s> <s id="s.008767">Meditantur ob ſtudium gloriæ, parti<lb></lb>cipes enim ſunt, & huius, & amoris, vnde <lb></lb>memoria non vulgaris illis. </s> <s id="s.008768">Eſt varietas eo<lb></lb>rum in coloribus magna, vnde pulcherrimi <lb></lb>etiam apud Indos exiſtimantur: nam præ<lb></lb>ter colorum aptam varietatem illam, ſplen<lb></lb>dor etiam quidam affulget. </s> <s id="s.008769">Roſtri partem <lb></lb>ſuperiorem ſola hæc auis mouet, ſed non <lb></lb>adeò frequenter aut euidenter, vt inferio<lb></lb>rem: ipſa verò inferior pars, quæ collo iungi<lb></lb>tur, diuiſa eſt: his duobus ad omni anima<lb></lb>lium genere pſittacus diſtinguitur. </s> <s id="s.008770">Vt Cæſar <lb></lb>Scaliger, partim benedixerit, quòd ſuperio<lb></lb>rem partem moueat, partim malè cum cro<lb></lb>codilo eum aſſimilauerit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1228"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008771"><margin.target id="marg1227"></margin.target>Pſittacus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008772"><margin.target id="marg1228"></margin.target>Pauo noſter.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008773">Nullam tamen auem pulchriorem pauo<lb></lb>ne noſtro fingere naturam poſſe credam, niſi <lb></lb>cùm videro, tot oculis in cauda tam longa <lb></lb>atque denſa plumis, tanta colorum varietate <lb></lb>tanto nitore, tam ſelectis etiam colorum ge<lb></lb>neribus, vt nec album, quòd is alios obſcuret <lb></lb>colores, nec nigrum, quòd triſtior ſit, reci<lb></lb>piat. </s> <s id="s.008774">Sunt tamen qui toto corpore candidi <lb></lb>ſint, atque pulcherrimi. </s> <s id="s.008775">Cuſtodes optimi <lb></lb>ædium, & vbi fures, aut ignem viderint, non <lb></lb>deſinunt clamoribus dominum admonere, <lb></lb>tum domeſticos. </s> <s id="s.008776">Verùm alioqui moleſti te<lb></lb>gulas frangunt, totámque viciniam voce in<lb></lb>quietant. </s> <s id="s.008777">Diu ob lucrum ſpectaculo in Græ<lb></lb>cia fuit ex oriente, Alexandri iuſſu tranſla<lb></lb>tus in Europam: qui illi ob decorem parci <lb></lb>imperauit. </s> <s id="s.008778">Sentit ipſe pulchritudinem ſuam, <lb></lb>exclamátque dum pedes intuetur, deformita<lb></lb>tem eorum aſpernatus, caudámque in rotam <lb></lb>erigit, exponítque Soli, vt pulchrior videa<lb></lb>tur, gaudétque hominum admiratione, qui <lb></lb>illam intuentur, ob id vſque ad laſſitudinem <arrow.to.target n="marg1229"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eam continet. </s> <s id="s.008779">Quòd fit, vt pauo Indus, & ipſe <lb></lb>caudam ſuam miretur, in orbem conuerſam <lb></lb>geſtiens, quamuis pulchritudine multùm à <lb></lb>noſtro pauone decedat. </s> <s id="s.008780">Decoratur & pelle <lb></lb>circa caput, cuius colorem pro voluntatis ar<lb></lb>bitrio mutat. </s> <s id="s.008781">Cùm enim varij coloris ſit, al<lb></lb>bóque ac cinereo, quaſi diſtincti, aduenien<lb></lb>te ſanguine modò carulea, modò rubra fit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008782">Et cùm ſit iracundum, ſpeciem ac effectum <lb></lb>irati hominis præbet, pellem illam pro facie <lb></lb>habens. </s> <s id="s.008783">Sed aliud eſt maius, quod eam pel<lb></lb>lem <expan abbr="quandoq;">quandoque</expan> colligit, vt vix videatur, <expan abbr="túncq;">túncque</expan> <lb></lb>pallet: aliquando verò eam extendit, adeò vt <lb></lb>roſtrum totum integat, túncque purpurea <lb></lb>plerunque videtur. </s> <s id="s.008784">Indicio eſt igitur illam <lb></lb>vnà cum ſanguine extendi: quanquam & <lb></lb>viderim ſimul pallentem atque extenſam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008785">Colligitur igitur ac contrahitur, quoniam <lb></lb>tenuis eſt, & laſſa, vt ſcroti etiam cutis, quæ <lb></lb>quandoque tota contracta videtur quando<lb></lb>que verò extenſa multùm. </s> <s id="s.008786">Igitur laxitas, & <lb></lb>tenuitas, extenſionis, & contractionis cauſæ <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008787">At de his ſuperiùs diximus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008788"><margin.target id="marg1229"></margin.target>Zamo Indus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008789">At gallus noſter exertam ſemper habet <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1230"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>criſtam, atque rubentem, niſi malè valeat, etſi <lb></lb>rarum eſſet hoc animal, non ſolùm forma, <lb></lb>ſed cantu admiratione digniſſimum eſſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008790">Exultat voce, procúlque ea exauditur, & no<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1231"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctu etiam ad mille atque ampliùs paſſus: <lb></lb>cùm expergiſcitur à cibo canit: plerunque <lb></lb>tamen Sole meridiante, mediáque nocte, ac <lb></lb>cùm radij primum auroram effingere inci<lb></lb>piunt: robur igitur Solis ſequitur, & in octo <lb></lb>partes totum diuidit diem naturalem, non <lb></lb>tamen oriente Sole, ſed cùm accedit ad au<lb></lb>roræ terminos, ſic & ante meridiem. </s> <s id="s.008791">Cre<lb></lb>duntur, apud boreales horarum metam ex<lb></lb>quiſitiſſimè ſeruare: ab eius cantu homines <lb></lb>à nocturnis terriculis ſe tutiores putant. </s> <s id="s.008792">Sa<lb></lb>ginantur ac odoris ſuauitatem, & gratiam <lb></lb>ſaporis iuniperi granis. </s> <s id="s.008793">Præliis ac partubus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1232"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fauſtè occinunt, ſi prodigioſum ſit. </s> <s id="s.008794">Inſeri<lb></lb>tur cum ſerpente, cane, & ſimia, culeo parri<lb></lb>cidæ: inſons tamen huius culpæ, in maréque <lb></lb>præcipitatur. </s> <s id="s.008795">Vt enim ſimia homo non eſt, <lb></lb>attamen videtur, ſic qui proprium occide<lb></lb>rit patrem. </s> <s id="s.008796">Serpens inſidiis anteit, inimi<lb></lb>ciſſimúmque humano generi non ſecùs <lb></lb>ac parricida, Canes omnes odiſſe videntur, <lb></lb>ſolúmque hoc animal nulli penitus parcit, <lb></lb>neque proprio generi. </s> <s id="s.008797">Gallus inſons huius <lb></lb>culpæ, forſan ob gentis ſimilitudinem adii<lb></lb>citur, quàm maximè Romani oderunt, ſeu <lb></lb>quòd ſuperbiſſimus ſit: præcipitatur in ma<lb></lb>re, velut omni indignum elemento, & cuius <lb></lb>ſocietate aër, terra, aquáque inficerentur, <lb></lb>ob id culeo inſuitur, virgis ſanguineis priùs <lb></lb>verberatus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008798"><margin.target id="marg1230"></margin.target>Gallus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008799"><margin.target id="marg1231"></margin.target>Galli cantus <lb></lb>cur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008800"><margin.target id="marg1232"></margin.target>Cur gallus <lb></lb>ſimia, <expan abbr="ſerpẽs">ſerpens</expan> <lb></lb>canis cul <lb></lb>parricidæ in <lb></lb>ſerantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008801">Sed his relictis ſuperſtitionibus ad natu<lb></lb>ræ leges ſanctiſſimas, ac prudentiſſimas re<lb></lb>uertamur. </s> <s id="s.008802">Decretum erat, aues facere, quæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1233"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>volarent, aërémque hunc decorarent (nam <lb></lb>hoc de auibus pro cæterorum etiam anima<lb></lb>lium ratione exemplum ſumptum ſit (ob id <lb></lb>capite leuiſſimo illas eſſe oportuit: quamob<lb></lb>rem inter cuncta animantia aues minimo ca<lb></lb>pite ſunt: & quæ magnum inter aues habent, <lb></lb>tenue os, ac cerebro inane ſortiuntur, aláſque <lb></lb>magnas. </s> <s id="s.008803">Ad capitis paruitatem duo <expan abbr="ſequebã-">ſequeban<lb></lb></expan><arrow.to.target n="marg1234"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur detrimenta, alterum vt ſtolidæ eſſent, al<lb></lb>terum, vt dentibus carerent: nam <expan abbr="roſtrũ">roſtrum</expan> par<lb></lb>uum capiti paruo neceſſarium fuit, <expan abbr="dentéſq;">dentéſque</expan> <lb></lb>ob id nulli vſui, tum quòd robur non eſſe <lb></lb>illis poterat, tum quia roſtri, & oris par<lb></lb>uitas, ne mandere poſſent, impediebat. <pb pagenum="545" xlink:href="016/01/194.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1235"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Primum incommodum caliditate, & ſiccita<lb></lb>te temperamenti ſuſtulit: quod etiam pro<lb></lb>fuit ad pennarum generationem, & totius <lb></lb>corporis leuitatem. </s> <s id="s.008804">Inde vt ſiccum eſſet to<lb></lb>tum corpus, paruo potu ſatiati voluit, atque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1236"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ea cauſa etiam carere veſica. </s> <s id="s.008805">Sed dentium de<lb></lb>fectui geminato ventriculo occurrit, vt dura <lb></lb>in illo ſenſim conquoquerentur: cùm enim <lb></lb>dura non poſſent comminui, tempore indi<lb></lb>gebant longiore, & ſolidiore, <expan abbr="arctioréq;">arctioréque</expan> ven<lb></lb>triculo, in quo paruus poterat contineri ci<lb></lb>bus, qui corpori haud ſuffeciſſet. </s> <s id="s.008806">Igitur alte<lb></lb>rum ſuſtitui neceſſe fuit, in quo & ex dimi<lb></lb>dio concoqueretur, & quartum ſatis eſſet ci<lb></lb>bi poſſet contineri. </s> <s id="s.008807">Pedes etiam paruos fecit, <lb></lb>quòd inutile eſſet hoc pondus ad volatum: & <lb></lb>aciem videndi acutam, quòd procul videre, <lb></lb>ex altóque conſpicere, illis opus eſſe. </s> <s id="s.008808">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>aues aliquæ à norma aberrant, non tamen <lb></lb>vſum perfectum aſſequuntur: nam Diome<lb></lb>deas dentes habere quidam volunt, atque ta<lb></lb>lia potiùs ad varietatem, quàm ad vſum ſunt <lb></lb>neceſſaria. </s> <s id="s.008809">Veſpertilio dentes habet, ſed plu<lb></lb>mis caret, totæque alæ ac corpus cartilagi<lb></lb>nea ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008810">Verùm cùm deciderit, vix exurgere <lb></lb>ad volandum poteſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1237"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008811"><margin.target id="marg1233"></margin.target>Cur aues ca<lb></lb>put paruum <lb></lb>habeant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008812"><margin.target id="marg1234"></margin.target>Aues cur <expan abbr="dẽ-tibus">den<lb></lb>tibus</expan> <expan abbr="careãt">careant</expan></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008813"><margin.target id="marg1235"></margin.target>Cur aues ve<lb></lb>ſica careant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008814"><margin.target id="marg1236"></margin.target>Cur aues <lb></lb>duos habeant <lb></lb>ventriculos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008815"><margin.target id="marg1237"></margin.target>Aues cicu<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008816">Aues omnes cicures natura fermè, & ma<lb></lb>ximè quæ carne haud veſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.008817">Nam in <lb></lb>orbe nouo, cùm primùm naues ad incultas <lb></lb>inſulas ſe applicuiſſent, multæ aues tum ma<lb></lb>ximè è columborum genere manu capi ſe <lb></lb>permittebant: nec aues metuunt hominum <lb></lb>ſocietatem, niſi exemplo edoctæ. </s> <s id="s.008818">Vnde ere<lb></lb>mitæ non pauci, cicures habuerunt ex gene<lb></lb>re earum, quæ agreſtes ſunt, velut paſſeres, <lb></lb>atque coruos. <arrow.to.target n="marg1238"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008819"><margin.target id="marg1238"></margin.target>Talpa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008820">Sed auibus relictis, ad animal quod ſub <lb></lb>terra habitat, tranſeamus, alterius generis, <lb></lb>quòd talpam vocant. </s> <s id="s.008821">Cinerei coloris eſt, mu<lb></lb>ri ſimile forma, & magnitudine, niſi quòd <lb></lb>oculis caret: nam cui vſui oculi profuturi <lb></lb>erant ſub terra perpetuò habitanti? </s> <s id="s.008822">adeò ve<lb></lb>rò odit aërem, vt ſi cogatur in lucem egre<lb></lb>di, breuiſſimo temporis ſpatio exanimetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008823">Diſſidet & cauda, quorſum enim effingere <lb></lb>tam longam caudam ſub terra habitanti? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008824">Eadem ratione & crura habet breuiſſima, & <lb></lb>vngues acutiſſimos: vnde crurum breuitas <lb></lb>neceſſaria per anguſta penetranti, & vn<lb></lb>guium acuitas, vt terram commodè perfode<lb></lb>re poſſit: adeò autem hoc opus celeriter, & <lb></lb>amplè explet, vt qui viderint primò defoſ<lb></lb>ſam talpa humum, multùm admirentur. </s> <s id="s.008825">Pa<lb></lb>lam eſt igitur naturam in cunctis ſolicitam <lb></lb>mirum in modum fuiſſe, nec obiter, ſed ex <lb></lb>ſententia omnia præuidiſſe, <expan abbr="hominéſq;">hominéſque</expan> qui<arrow.to.target n="marg1239"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bus hoc beneficium Deus largitus eſt, vt cau<lb></lb>ſam rerum primam <expan abbr="inuẽiant">inueniant</expan>, participes eſſe <lb></lb>illius primæ naturæ: <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> alterius eſſe generis <lb></lb>naturam, quæ hæc conſtituit, ab <expan abbr="illorũ">illorum</expan> <expan abbr="mẽte">mente</expan>, <lb></lb>qui cauſam eorum, cur ita facta ſint, plenè <lb></lb>aſſequi potuerunt. </s> <s id="s.008826">Nullum itaque ſub terra <lb></lb>perpetuò viuens animal ſanguine præditum <lb></lb>præter talpam eſt inuentum: nam ſerpentum, <lb></lb>& ranarum pernicioſarum quædam genera, <lb></lb>non ſolum ſub terra, & in ſepulchris vetu<lb></lb>ſtiſſimis, ſed quòd magis mirum dictu eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1240"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam in ſaxis ſolidis inuenta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008827">Sed hæc & <lb></lb>ſanguine carent propriè, & animal non pa<lb></lb>riunt ſui generis, ſed oua aut nihil. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008828"><margin.target id="marg1239"></margin.target>Homines <lb></lb>particeps di<lb></lb>uini conſilij.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008829"><margin.target id="marg1240"></margin.target>Animalia in <lb></lb>ſaxis ſolidis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008830">Eſt & aliud generis ambiguæ vitæ, & ab<lb></lb>ſonæ formæ, quod cancri nomine ſignifica<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008831">Eius autem plurima ſunt genera, mari<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1241"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>num, & fluuiale. </s> <s id="s.008832">Inuenitur & terreſtre, quod <lb></lb>in terra latitat, maximè in occidentali India. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008833">Quod caudam, habet, gammarus vocatur, <lb></lb>lapides candidos gignit in oculis, cortice de<lb></lb>poſito duriore mollem induit, túncque lapi<lb></lb>des fiunt maximi, abſumpta materia corticis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1242"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.008834">Cancer verò tranſuerſo latere <lb></lb>procedit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008835"><margin.target id="marg1241"></margin.target>Cancri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008836"><margin.target id="marg1242"></margin.target>Pulſus vni<lb></lb>cuique ani<lb></lb>mali proprij, <lb></lb>lib.6. de plac. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008837">cap.20. <lb></lb>Lingua exer<lb></lb>ta à boue <lb></lb>palpitat <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>per totum <lb></lb>diem.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008838">Atque hæc de animalibus portentoſis di<lb></lb>cta ſufficiant. </s> <s id="s.008839">Nunc illud ſciendum, quòd ſin<lb></lb>gulis animalibus pulſus, & reſpirationes dif<lb></lb>ferentes ac propriæ ſunt: velut canibus, & <lb></lb>capris, quibus & ab homine differunt & in<lb></lb>ter ſe. </s> <s id="s.008840">Sed & hanc pulſus rationem membra <lb></lb>quædam retinent, quamuis reluctante Ari<lb></lb>ſtotele, & Galeno, iam auulſa à toto: vt lin<lb></lb>gua bouis tota die palpitet, nam vis illa in<lb></lb>dita adhuc manet, ſeu quòd calor ille dum <lb></lb>reſoluitur, vt aër in aqua moueat ampullas, <lb></lb>nam & lapides ſicci, & vſta cornua, & agal<lb></lb>lochum in aqua ampullas mouent, dum lo<lb></lb>co aëris aqua ingreditur. </s> <s id="s.008841">Hoc igitur ſatis mi<lb></lb>rum, quod diximus de bouis lingua, verùm <lb></lb>vitulinam in aquam iniectam etiam moueri <lb></lb>affirmant, quod ego tamen nondum ſum <lb></lb>expertus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008842">Illud mirabilius, quod ſolinus durare etiam <lb></lb>ſuis temporibus refert, in Herculis ædem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1243"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Romæ, nec canem, nec muſcam ingredi. </s> <s id="s.008843">Ac<lb></lb>cepi paucis antè annis, & Venetiis fuiſſe <lb></lb>domum muti, in quam muſcæ non ingre<lb></lb>derentur, quæ incendio publico conflagra<lb></lb>uerit. </s> <s id="s.008844">An forſan quòd in ſublimi poſita & <lb></lb>valde perflata, tum ferro, & marmore rigens, <lb></lb>à muſcis deuitaretur? </s> <s id="s.008845">nam omnia metalla <lb></lb>muſcæ oderunt ob frigiditatem, & quòd <lb></lb>difficulter eis hæreant. </s> <s id="s.008846">Sed de canibus aliam <lb></lb>rationem quærere oportet, niſi forſan in <lb></lb>ædiis veſtibulo ſepultum, aut appenſum ali<lb></lb>quid quod refugiant canes. </s> <s id="s.008847">Eſt in vrbe no<lb></lb>ſtra Fauſtiniana ædes ſacra, olim à filio B. <lb></lb>Philippi, nunc Nabori, ac Felici dicata, iux<lb></lb>ta D. </s> <s id="s.008848">Ambroſij templum, quæ cùm vndique <lb></lb>pareat, tecto vetuſto, ampliíſque feneſtris, <lb></lb>nullam tamen in illam auem ingredi nar<lb></lb>rant: & cùm obſita ſitu ſit, non tamen ara<lb></lb>nearum telis fœdatur: abditis naturæ, aut di<lb></lb>uinioribus cauſis, aut exemplis: nam id cum <lb></lb>obſeruatum reciter Bonauentura Caſtellio<lb></lb>neus olim amicus noſter, in libello de Epiſ<lb></lb>copis Mediolanenſibus <expan abbr="originéq;">originéque</expan> religionis, <lb></lb>id nos nondum falſum eſſe deprehendimus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1244"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Audiui ſæpiùs à monachis Carthuſianis il<lb></lb>los cimicibus non infeſtari, <expan abbr="adeóq;">adeóque</expan> multorum <lb></lb>teſtimonio, vt pudeat negare quod leuitatis <lb></lb>eſt credere. </s> <s id="s.008849">Nihilominus hi, quòd carnes <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>edant, cauſam afferunt. </s> <s id="s.008850">Seu id ſit ob mundi<lb></lb>tiem, aut artem aliam quampiam, nondum <lb></lb>aſſequi potui. </s> <s id="s.008851">Ego tamen minus laboro quæ<lb></lb>rere cauſam cur ſit, vbi mihi abunde non<lb></lb>dum exploratum eſt ſi ſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008852"><margin.target id="marg1243"></margin.target>Herculis <lb></lb>phanum, nos <lb></lb>muſca, nec <lb></lb>canis ingre<lb></lb>diebatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008853"><margin.target id="marg1244"></margin.target>Carthuſiani <lb></lb>monachi ci<lb></lb>micibus non <lb></lb>infeſtantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008854">His igitur quæ ad animalium hiſtoriam <lb></lb>pertinent explicatis, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ad hominis tracta<lb></lb>tionem tendentibus, iure merito dubitatio <lb></lb>emergit, quodnam animal homini ſit vtiliſ<lb></lb>ſimum? </s> <s id="s.008855"><expan abbr="Neq;">Neque</expan> diutiùs ambigere decet, cùm <lb></lb>equus in omnibus pręferatur: nam <expan abbr="ponderib.">ponderibus</expan> <pb pagenum="546" xlink:href="016/01/195.jpg"></pb>geſtandis maximè idoneus. </s> <s id="s.008856">Ex equo quoque <lb></lb>& aſina, aut equa, & aſino, muli generan<lb></lb>tur, qui plus ferendo poſſunt, quàm ponde<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.008857">Iidem greſſu firmiſſimo procedunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008858">Equis etiam manſuetudo maxima atque do<lb></lb>cilitas, quibus in duobus à nullo ſuperantur <lb></lb>animali. </s> <s id="s.008859">Duriſſimam quoque præter id vn<lb></lb>gulam habent, ac omnis iniuriæ expertem, <lb></lb>excipientémque ſoleas, clauóſque ferreos, in <lb></lb>híſque camelum longè antecellit. </s> <s id="s.008860">Idem cur<lb></lb>ſu atque perenni reliqua ſuperat animalia: <lb></lb>& licet equus vnus ab vno camelo vincatur <lb></lb>dierum ſpatio, plures tamen equi diſpoſiti in <lb></lb>ſtationibus totidem camelos ſuperant. </s> <s id="s.008861">Nam <lb></lb>camelus vbi fatigatus eſt, parum remittit, ac <lb></lb>integer & validus equum æquare curren<lb></lb>tem, vel etiam velitantem non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008862">Pluri<lb></lb>bus igitur numeris equus nobilitate alia <lb></lb>vincit animalia. </s> <s id="s.008863">Idem ad pugnam ardens, & <lb></lb>gloriæ cupidus, & tubæ ſonitu accenditur, <lb></lb>& fræna intelligit, vt non homo magis ho<lb></lb>minis vocem. </s> <s id="s.008864">Vigilat hic fermè ſemper, <lb></lb>nec recumbit, niſi laſſus, aut piger: & vili <lb></lb>ſumptu alitur, fœno palea, herba, furfure, <lb></lb>auena. </s> <s id="s.008865">Videtúrque hic ſolus ad omnia hu<lb></lb>mana commoda natus: onera fert, vehit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1245"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>currit, ſaltat, pugnat. </s> <s id="s.008866">Probatur in vigintiſe<lb></lb>ptem conditionibus: è nouem animalibus <lb></lb>ſumptis, tribus ſcilicet ex vnoquoque. </s> <s id="s.008867">Mu<lb></lb>lieris ætas iuuenilis, quæ in equis à quarto <lb></lb>anno ad octauum extenditur, aut decimum: <lb></lb>manſuetudo & morum comitas, vt non mor<lb></lb>deat, non calcitret, non ſe aquis mergat, non <lb></lb>ſit obſtinatus, & inobediens, ſinat ſe ab om<lb></lb>nibus tractari ac duci: pulchritudo, quæ vt <lb></lb>in mulieribus in facie & pectoris latitudine, <lb></lb>& membrorum concinnitate conſtat. </s> <s id="s.008868">Aqui<lb></lb>læ, vt oculo maximè vigeat, paruum habeat <lb></lb>caput, & illud erectum teneat: Anſerini <lb></lb>pulli, aut roſamachæ, vt ſit vorax, celeriter <lb></lb>comedens, & nihil aſpernetur. </s> <s id="s.008869">Ilia tumida <lb></lb>non contracta habeat, & pedibus diſtanti<lb></lb>bus incedat. </s> <s id="s.008870">Leonis, vt ſit animoſus & for<lb></lb>tis, vt ſit parte anteriore elatus non ſinuatus <lb></lb>in medio, nec altior parte poſtrema, vt ſit <lb></lb>totus oſſeus, ac robuſtus: hæc enim leonis <lb></lb>ſunt propria. </s> <s id="s.008871">Cerui, vt ſit curſor, ſaltator, & <lb></lb>leuis. </s> <s id="s.008872">Aſini, vt vngulas habeat duras, corium <lb></lb>durum, & dorſum robuſtum. </s> <s id="s.008873">Fugies enim <lb></lb>equum qui cùm aſcendis, flectitur, & pon<lb></lb>deri cedit. </s> <s id="s.008874">Vulpis, vt caudam habeat pul<lb></lb>chram: non ſolùm enim ad decorem facit, <lb></lb>ſed roboris ſignum eſt, quòd ex vertebris <lb></lb>dorſi oriatur, & vt facilè in quamlibet par<lb></lb>tem vertatur: nullum enim animal in hoc <lb></lb>agilitatis genere vulpi æquari poteſt, & <lb></lb>quòd pellis pulchritudine præſtet. </s> <s id="s.008875">Bouis, vt <lb></lb>pedem habeat magnum, ac crura moderatè <lb></lb>craſſa: neque enim exilia, bona eſſe poſſunt: <lb></lb>vt breuium iuncturarum & firmarum, vt <lb></lb>ſecurus incedat: bos enim nunquam ceſpi<lb></lb>tat: Equi propria ſunt velociter, ac ſuauiter <lb></lb>incedere, alacrem eſſe, & vt fræno, ac calca<lb></lb>ribus parere ſciat: Commune autem omni<lb></lb>bus atque per ſe manifeſtum eſt, vt ſanus: <lb></lb>ſanitatis etiam pars eſt atque optimum ſi<lb></lb>gnum, quòd in laboribus vix ſudet. </s> <s id="s.008876">Alacritas <lb></lb>dignoſcitur quòd hinniat, nec quieſcere <lb></lb>ſciat, & ſi cogatur, fræna mandat, & pedem <lb></lb>concutiat. </s> <s id="s.008877">Vnde Poëta tuus dicit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Stat ſonipes & fræna ferox ſpumantia mandit.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008878"><margin.target id="marg1245"></margin.target>Equi boni <lb></lb>conditiones.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008879">Memorantur duo fuiſſe egregij equi in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1246"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hiſtoriis, alter Alexandri Magni, cui nomen <lb></lb>Bucephalus, ſeu quòd magno eſſet capite, ſeu <lb></lb>eleganti, <foreign lang="grc">βοῡ</foreign> enim vox apud Græcos vtrun<lb></lb>que ſignificat: cui mortuo in India cum Poro <lb></lb>rege pugnanti, ciuitatem Bucephalam equi <lb></lb>nomine condidit: tantum rex maximus, vel <lb></lb>illius meritis tribuit, vel quantum in equo <lb></lb>Principi repoſitum ſit, intelligere ſe oſten<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.008880">Alter vnguibus humanis, qui C. </s> <s id="s.008881">Iulij Cæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1247"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſaris cum eſſet, orbis imperium illi porten<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.008882">Neque tamen vngulas cum digitis ha<lb></lb>buiſſe credendum eſt, nam ſeſſorem ferre ne<lb></lb>quiuiſſet: ſed vt de elephante dictum eſt, <lb></lb>diſcrimina in vngula abſque diuiſione ſub <lb></lb>digitorum imagine fuerunt. </s> <s id="s.008883">Bucephalus ne<lb></lb>minem admittebat tergo, præter vnum Ale<lb></lb>xandrum, non tam ferocitate quàm ambi<lb></lb>tione, quæ illi equo inerat: vnde ambitioſiſ<lb></lb>ſimo Regi chariſſimus fuit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008884"><margin.target id="marg1246"></margin.target>Bucephalus <lb></lb>Alexandri <lb></lb>Magni <lb></lb>equus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008885"><margin.target id="marg1247"></margin.target>Equus C. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008886">Cæſaris Di<lb></lb>ctatoris.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008887">Cùm igitur equus offertur primum illius <lb></lb>caput, quod paruum eſſe debet, inſpicito, at<lb></lb>que decorum, erectum, oculis viuacibus at<lb></lb>que vitio omni carentibus, auribus paruis, <lb></lb>rectíſque, collo breui, amplo, coma decora, <lb></lb>pectore lato, parte anteriore ſublimore pa<lb></lb>rum, tergo rectè rigente, in quo nulla ſint <lb></lb>cicatricum veſtigia, latiore ſpina, iliis ro<lb></lb>tundis, lumbis plenis, cauda pulchra, cruri<lb></lb>bus rectis, miniméque dum incedit, aut intus <lb></lb>ſe collidentibus, aut extrà deflexis, iuncturis <lb></lb>firmis breuibúſque, pede lato & vngula craſ<lb></lb>ſiore. </s> <s id="s.008888">Inde inſpice dentes, vt ætatem agnoſ<lb></lb>cas, & guttur comprime: nam ſi anhelitu <lb></lb>ſit haud integro, moleſtè feret. </s> <s id="s.008889">Trahe poſt<lb></lb>modum caudam, ſi cedit, eſt imbecillis: inde <lb></lb>iuncturas ſingulas, maximè iuxta pedes, <lb></lb>comprime, & paululum inuerte: ſi dolet <lb></lb>quieſcere non vult, & morbum patitur anti<lb></lb>quum. </s> <s id="s.008890">Colorem etiam conſidera, optimus <lb></lb>enim eſt qui ſplendet: quoniam generoſio<lb></lb>rem & bene curatum equum ſignificat. </s> <s id="s.008891">Inter <lb></lb>cæteros præſtat muſtelinus obſcurus, quem <lb></lb>materna lingua baium vocant. </s> <s id="s.008892">Pòſt aſcende, <lb></lb>& videbis ſi ſeſſorem refugiat, ſi ſinuetur <lb></lb>dorſum: hæc enim male valde. </s> <s id="s.008893">Inde circum<lb></lb>uerte ad vtranque partem, intelligéſque an <lb></lb>verſatilis. </s> <s id="s.008894">Fac vt eat, agnoſces ſuauitatem <lb></lb>greſſus, & celeritatem, <expan abbr="genúſq;">genúſque</expan> eundi. </s> <s id="s.008895">Expe<lb></lb>riare <expan abbr="cursũ">cursum</expan>: cùm retinetur quàm pareat fræ<lb></lb>no & habenis: currendo, <expan abbr="quãtum">quantum</expan> calcaribus: <lb></lb>ſimul etiam intelliges quàm ſit leuis, quàm <lb></lb>velox: quàm tutus, <expan abbr="quámq;">quámque</expan> ſpiritu graui, aut <lb></lb>facili. </s> <s id="s.008896">Deinde ad aquas deducito, agnoſces <lb></lb>an ſe vltrò in aquam iactet. </s> <s id="s.008897">Permitte bibere, <lb></lb>ſi totas nares præteros mergit, maximè poſt <lb></lb>curſum, ſanus eſt pectore atque ſpiritu. </s> <s id="s.008898">Illum <lb></lb>etiam iuxta rotas quæ circumuertuntur de<lb></lb>ducito: ſi ægrè accedit, pauidus eſt: ſi accede<lb></lb>re non vult, omninò obſtinatus. </s> <s id="s.008899">Hunc mater<lb></lb>na lingua reſtium vocant. </s> <s id="s.008900">Inde offer cibum, ſi <lb></lb>alacriter edit, bonum: ſi ſegniter, vel iners eſt <lb></lb>vel guloſus. </s> <s id="s.008901">Interim oblata auena ſi calcitro<lb></lb>ſus eſt, aut mordax, tunc maximè dignoſci<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.008902">Abſumpta auena ſi recumbit ſegnis eſt, <lb></lb>nec ad labores promptus: generoſus enim <lb></lb>equus, niſi magno ex labore non decum<lb></lb>bit. </s> <s id="s.008903">Dum verò inſtructus eſt fræno, habenis, <pb pagenum="547" xlink:href="016/01/196.jpg"></pb>ephippiis, ſi hinnit ſi fræna mandit maximè <lb></lb>etiam edita ſpuma, ſi humum pede percutit <lb></lb>auréſque dirigit, ferox eſt, & alacer. </s> <s id="s.008904">Fac <lb></lb>etiam vt ſaltet, leuitatem eius, & dorſi ro<lb></lb>bur agnoſces. </s> <s id="s.008905">Morbos autem, morborum<lb></lb>que curas in libris de Rerum varietate do<lb></lb>cuimus. </s> <s id="s.008906">Nunc verò tempus vt id quod ma<lb></lb>ximè vtile eſt, propter quod ſermonem in<lb></lb>ſtituimus, ſcilicet quoniam ſubtilis ſit con<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1248"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>templationis, aggrediamur. </s> <s id="s.008907">Eſt autem id <lb></lb>tractatio de equorum inſedendi varietate, <lb></lb>vt ad celeritatem, & commodum pertinet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008908">Celeritatis inceſſus cauſa in tribus conſtat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008909">Primum, vt celeriter moueat crura, atque <lb></lb>ſic velocior eſt curſus velitatione. </s> <s id="s.008910">Secundum <lb></lb>vt duos ſimul moueat pedes, non vnum <lb></lb>tantùm<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam duobus motis pedibus ſimul, <lb></lb>gemino motu equus progreditur: ſi vno <lb></lb>tantùm, quatuor motibus indiget vt pro<lb></lb>grediatur. </s> <s id="s.008911">Sic igitur velitatio & gradarius(vt <lb></lb>ita dicam) inceſſus, velociores ſunt ſimpli<lb></lb>ci inceſſu. </s> <s id="s.008912">Tertium eſt, vt pedes multum <lb></lb>ſpacij amplectantur, cùm in iunctura crus, <lb></lb>velut in axe procedendo vertitur: atque in <lb></lb>hoc pedes poſteriores maximè obſeruant: <lb></lb>nam ſi eorum veſtigia, anteriorum veſtigia <lb></lb>antecedant, neceſſarium eſt, vt equus duo<lb></lb>rum pedum motu, poſterioris ſcilicet & an<lb></lb>terioris plus progrediatur, quàm ſit ſpa<lb></lb>cium quod inter pedes eſt poſteriorem at<lb></lb>que anteriorem: hoc autem velocis proceſ<lb></lb>ſus cauſam magnam eſſe quis non intelligit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008913">Ponantur enim pedes equi anteriores A B, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1249"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>poſteriores CD, amoto A ſi C ponatur in <lb></lb>loco A, amoto B D ponetur in loco B, igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1250"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur equus procedit ex C D in A B, & ita <lb></lb>quantum poſteriores pedes eius diſtant ab <lb></lb>anterioribus. </s> <s id="s.008914">Quòd ſi C ponatur amoto A <lb></lb>in E, D ponetur amoto B in F, erit igitur <lb></lb>proceſſus equi ex CD in EF plus diſtantia <lb></lb>pedum poſteriorum ab anterioribus: verùm <lb></lb>id vix contingit. </s> <s id="s.008915">Quòd ſi C ponatur in G <lb></lb>tantùm, & D in H, par eſt vt inceſſus hic <lb></lb>ſit generalis omnibus fermè equis. </s> <s id="s.008916">Manife<lb></lb>ſtum eſt autem & in luce clarius, quòd ſi C <lb></lb>ponatur in E, & D in E, & A in L, & B, in <lb></lb>M, quòd tantum diſtat L ab A, & M à B, <lb></lb>quantum E à C, & F à D. </s> <s id="s.008917">Aliter ſi magis <lb></lb>aut minus, C & D, ſenſim, vel tantùm ap<lb></lb>proximabuntur A & B, vel tantum remo<lb></lb>uebuntur, vt equus cadat: quod cùm nun<lb></lb>quam ob id contingere videamus, certum <lb></lb>eſt pedes anteriores æqualiter cum poſterio<lb></lb>ribus ſemper moueri. </s> <s id="s.008918">Non tamen in ante<lb></lb>rioribus æquè facilè videre eſt proceſſum, <lb></lb>ſicut in poſterioribus, quia veſtigia magis <lb></lb>confunduntur. </s> <s id="s.008919">Nec tam facile eſt neſcien<lb></lb>tibus hoc quòd poſteriores pedes æqualiter <lb></lb>ſemper cum anterioribus mouentur, conclu<lb></lb>dere, quòd anterioribus multum proceden<lb></lb>tibus equus celeriter moueatur. </s> <s id="s.008920">Ob id ex <lb></lb>poſteriorum pedum motu progreſſum equo<lb></lb>rum, non anteriorum, quamuis vna & ea<lb></lb>dem ſit ratio, ſolent metiri. </s> <s id="s.008921">Illud quoque ob<lb></lb>ſeruatione dignum, equos non ſolùm ſi re<lb></lb>cte animaduertas, ſed animalia omnia reli<lb></lb>qua dextrum pedum anteriorem mouere <lb></lb>prius ſecundum naturam, inde ſiniſtrum po<lb></lb>ſteriorem, deinde ſiniſtrum anteriorem, & <lb></lb>dextrum poſteriorem. </s> <s id="s.008922">Nam ſi duo anterio<lb></lb>res ſimul mouerentur, vt ex AB in EF, tunc <lb></lb>animal diſtenderetur ex CD in EF: id verò <lb></lb>incommodum illi naturaliter progredienti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008923">Si verò dextro anteriori ſuccedere dexter <lb></lb>poſterior, ſi ſimul fiat, diſtorquetur animal <lb></lb>nec habet quò ſuſtineatur: commodius igi<lb></lb>tur eſt, vt dextro anteriori pes ſiniſter ſuc<lb></lb>cedat poſterior, nam ſic dextro poſteriore & <lb></lb>ſiniſtro anteriore ſuſtinetur interim animal. <lb></lb>Homines verò eum motum ſibi commodum <lb></lb>experiuntur, in quo pars vna quieſcit alte<lb></lb>ra mota: cùm enim homo ambos pedes ſi<lb></lb>mul mouet, neceſſariò veluti ſaltando con<lb></lb>quaſſatur: deambulando enim & currendo <lb></lb>ſemper pes vnus altero moto quieſcit. </s> <s id="s.008924">Si <lb></lb>igitur totus homo eleuatur, totus etiam ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò decidit, atque ob id conquaſſatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008925">Quòd ſi aſſiduè per totamque diem quis ſal<lb></lb>tet, nonne viſcera omnia diſrupta habere <lb></lb>videtur? </s> <s id="s.008926">Quòd ſi idem in equo contingat, <lb></lb>eadem etiam prorſus euenient equitanti, ni<lb></lb>ſi quòd pedes non dolebunt, quia propriis <lb></lb>pedibus non inſidet eques, ſed ephippiis at<lb></lb>que equo. </s> <s id="s.008927">Non igitur equus quatuor pedi<lb></lb>bus ſimul moueri poteſt: nam homo ſalien<lb></lb>do inflectit genua neceſſariò, equus autem <lb></lb>non inflectit genua antequam eleuetur, igi<lb></lb>tur equus quatuor pedes ſimul mouere non <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.008928">At neque tres, abſurdum enim: <lb></lb>vel igitur vnum, vel duos pedes ſimul mo<lb></lb>uet. </s> <s id="s.008929">Iuxta hanc rationem octo modi motus <lb></lb>equorum conſurgunt, tres vnius pedis, & <lb></lb>quinque duorum. </s> <s id="s.008930">Cùm igitur mouetur pes <lb></lb>dexter anterior, inde ſiniſter poſterior, vel <lb></lb>etiam dexter, hoc enim in aliquibus etiam <lb></lb>contingere animaduertimus, nec multum <lb></lb>progreditur, ſimplex inceſſus appellatur <lb></lb>mollis & lentus: lentus, quia vno pede fit, <lb></lb>& parum ſpatij ſuperante: mollis, quia ho<lb></lb>mo, qui inſidet, parte vna tantùm moue<lb></lb>tur, dextra ſcilicet alternatim, atque ſini<lb></lb>ſtra. </s> <s id="s.008931">Hic inceſſus equis eſt commodior, & <lb></lb>nulla in parte equum fatigat, quum ſit ſe<lb></lb>cundùm naturam. </s> <s id="s.008932">Quum verò pes poſterior <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1251"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>locum prioris fermè æquat, & celeriter pes <lb></lb>pedem ſequitur, Propaſſus dicitur, id eſt, <lb></lb>inceſſus maior. </s> <s id="s.008933">Hic commodus eſt, multi <lb></lb>tamen equi ob hoc, velut & tortores, pedes <lb></lb>poſteriores allidunt anterioribus. </s> <s id="s.008934">Allidunt <lb></lb>igitur pedes equi, quum tardi ſunt, & ſpa<lb></lb>cium maius motu pedum ſperant. </s> <s id="s.008935">Si verò <lb></lb>moto pede dextro anteriore, dexter poſte<lb></lb>rior, non ſiniſter, celeriter ſubſequatur, in<lb></lb>ceſſus fit mollis, quem Trainam vulgus vo<lb></lb>cat: qui proprius eſt mulis: nec fatigat ho<lb></lb>minem, imò celeritate pari, minus quàm <lb></lb>propaſſus, quòd dextra pars ſolùm moue<lb></lb>tur, inde ſiniſtra. </s> <s id="s.008936">Propaſſus autem, quum <lb></lb>ſiniſtrum poſteriorem dextro anteriori iun<lb></lb>gat, & dextrum poſteriorem ſiniſtro ante<lb></lb>riori: vbi celer ſit, totum hominem ſimul <lb></lb>mouere videtur, atque ob id illum etiam <lb></lb>concutit. </s> <s id="s.008937">Sed quoties duo pedes ſimul mo<lb></lb>uentur, aut duo ex eadem parte, vt duo <lb></lb>dextri, inde ſiniſtri: vocantque quidam <lb></lb>hunc motum, gradarium, qui aſturcorum: <lb></lb>hic omnium equi greſſuum profectò eſt no<lb></lb>biliſſimus: quippe celer, quòd duobus ſimul <pb pagenum="548" xlink:href="016/01/197.jpg"></pb>fiat pedibus: & eò celerior, quò pedes etiam <lb></lb>ocyus mouentur, maiuſque ſpacium ſupe<lb></lb>rant: & ſuauis, quoniam altera parte mota <lb></lb>reliqua quieſcat. </s> <s id="s.008938">Hic eſt ille gradiendi mo<lb></lb>dus adeò celebratus, quem portantem vul<lb></lb>gus vocat. </s> <s id="s.008939">Quòd ſi ſimul dexter anteior cum <lb></lb>poſteriore ſiniſtro moueatur tortorum equo<lb></lb>rum hic eſt inceſſus, qui quum vtramque <lb></lb>partem equi moueat, mouet & totum homi<lb></lb>nem, ac concutit: eóque magis, quò ma<lb></lb>gis pedes à terra eleuantur. </s> <s id="s.008940">Semper enim il<lb></lb>lud verum eſt, equos quò magis in inceſſu <lb></lb>pedes eleuant, difficiliorem efficere equita<lb></lb>tionem, quo minus autem periculoſiorem, <lb></lb>quia pedes lapidibus allidendo ceſpitant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008941">Sed ſi pedes anteriores ſimul moueant, inde <lb></lb>poſteriores ſimul, ſi quidem haud celerrimè, <lb></lb>nam celeriter neceſſarium eſt, velitum hic <lb></lb>eſt inceſſus, hæc fuga: ſi autem celerrimè, <lb></lb>curſus. </s> <s id="s.008942">Hi ambo hominem concutiunt & <lb></lb>fatigant, minus quidem quàm tortoris, <lb></lb>quia pars poſterior, aut anterior equitis <lb></lb>quieſcit, magis autem quàm aſturconis, quia <lb></lb>partis quies illa non eſt naturalis. </s> <s id="s.008943">Non enim <lb></lb>homo prius anteriorem partem mouet, inde <lb></lb>poſteriorem, ſed dextram, ſiniſtra prius, aut <lb></lb>ſaltem vice verſa. </s> <s id="s.008944">Quòd ſi nondum anterio<lb></lb>ribus pedibus quieſcentibus poſteriores ele<lb></lb>uentur, fit ſaltus. </s> <s id="s.008945">Hic igitur tres habet tem<lb></lb>porum differentias: primam quidam, in qua <lb></lb>poſteriore equi parte quieſcente anterior <lb></lb>eleuatur hæc, <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi) hominem minimè <lb></lb>concutit, quòd poſterior quieſcat: ſecun<lb></lb>dam, in qua nondum quieſcentibus ante<lb></lb>rioribus pedibus poſteriores eleuantur: hæc <lb></lb>non concutit, ſed renes propter motuum <lb></lb>contrarietatem flectendo fatigat: tertiam, <lb></lb>in qua pedes omnes ſimul deſcendunt, aut <lb></lb>anteriores prius: ſi quidem omnes pedes ſi<lb></lb>mul deſcendant, cùm ex alto id fiat, homo <lb></lb>multum concutitur: ſi autem anteriores tan<lb></lb>tùm, plurimùm vexatur ventriculus ob in<lb></lb>clinationem. </s> <s id="s.008946">Hæc igitur de equorum moti<lb></lb>bus dicta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.008947">Sed docilitas eorum etiam <lb></lb>ſingularis eſt, adeò vt quidam enſem deci<lb></lb>dentem dentibus arreptum porrigant, non <lb></lb>ſecus ac elephanti, domino: alij, quòd mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1252"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nus eſt: genua flectant. </s> <s id="s.008948">Docentur, vt de ca<lb></lb>nibus dictum eſt, dum pulli ſunt fame do<lb></lb>miti, inde pane, aut fœno enſi alligato, <lb></lb>dumque fœnum auellere ſtudent, enſem ele<lb></lb>uant, quo capulo erepto cibum dant faci<lb></lb>lem. </s> <s id="s.008949">Illinunt etiam enſem melle, atque ita <lb></lb>libenter arripiant. </s> <s id="s.008950">Inde contracta conſuetu<lb></lb>dine, vt in frænandis etiam eadem diligen<lb></lb>tia mihi bene ceſſerit, ſpontè nudum enſem <lb></lb>mordici arripiunt. </s> <s id="s.008951">Meminerunt enim equi <lb></lb>commodorum atque incommodorum. </s> <s id="s.008952">Vnde <lb></lb>non melius corrigitur equus qui ſpontè in <lb></lb>aquam ſe demittit, quàm ſi iam immer<lb></lb>ſum duo robuſti viri tandiu auribus arre<lb></lb>ptum ſub aquis teneant vt penè ſuffocetur <lb></lb>tunc enim periculi & anxietatis memor, non <lb></lb>amplius huic ſe periculo committere audet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008953">Idem ſi reſtiterit, nec progredi velit, retrò <lb></lb>agatur etiam nolens, donec in ignem, aut <lb></lb>aculeos retroactus incidat, nec ſinatur pro<lb></lb>gredi, donec ad extremum vitæ periculum <lb></lb>peruenerit. </s> <s id="s.008954">Quòd ſi ſe erigat, ſtylis capite <lb></lb>confoſſus deſcendere non permittatur. </s> <s id="s.008955">Alij <lb></lb>fuſte caput tundunt, quod non parum <lb></lb>prodeſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008956"><margin.target id="marg1248"></margin.target>Equorum <lb></lb>genera mo<lb></lb>tus octo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008957"><margin.target id="marg1249"></margin.target><lb></lb>I M <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008958"><margin.target id="marg1250"></margin.target><lb></lb>E F <lb></lb>A B <lb></lb>G H <lb></lb>C D <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008959"><margin.target id="marg1251"></margin.target>Cauſa cur <lb></lb>equi <expan abbr="allidãt">allidant</expan> <lb></lb>pedes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008960"><margin.target id="marg1252"></margin.target>Equi quomo<lb></lb>do docean<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008961">Atque tot & tanta de animalibus dicta <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1253"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſufficiant, quæ ſingula armauit contra cibi <lb></lb>& potus penuriam, ad fœtum & prolis con<lb></lb>ſeruationem, contra morbos, aduerſus tem<lb></lb>porum iniuriam, aduerſus reliqua animalia, <lb></lb>denique etiam peculiari quodam ſtudio ad<lb></lb>uerſus hominem, quod eſſet calidiſſimum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008962">Principio aduerſus cibi inopiam curſu, ſaga<lb></lb>citate, & vt ibi naſcerentur vbi illius etiam <lb></lb>copia eſſet. </s> <s id="s.008963">Veneris voluptatem & amorem <lb></lb>in prolem ad generis conſeruationem, pa<lb></lb>ludes, aquas, montes, valles, ſpecus, late<lb></lb>bras, ſyluas, dumeta, ramos, frondes, omnia <lb></lb>hæc ad tuendam prolem. </s> <s id="s.008964">Docuit & herbas <lb></lb>ad ſalutem, & abſtinentiam, quietémque <lb></lb>maiora quàm homini, ob medicorum impe<lb></lb>ritiam, ex artis medicæ ope auxilia. </s> <s id="s.008965">Con<lb></lb>tra temporum calamitates, arboribus, mon<lb></lb>tibus foueis, corio, lana, pilo, pluma. </s> <s id="s.008966">Ad<lb></lb>uerſus animalia reliqua, ſpinis, dentibus, <lb></lb>curſu, ſaltu, alis, vnguibus, latebris, veneno <lb></lb>aquis, ſagacitate, cornibus. </s> <s id="s.008967">Aduerſus autem <lb></lb>hominem piſces armauit elemento, quod <lb></lb>tutiſſimum eſt auxilium, adeò vt niſi vora<lb></lb>citate fallerentur, gurgitibus tutò latêre <lb></lb>poſſent. </s> <s id="s.008968">Serpentes humilitate corporis, vn<lb></lb>de etiam latent hyeme in latibulis, cum <lb></lb>prodeunt occultantur ab herba. </s> <s id="s.008969">Aues die alis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1254"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>muniuit, quadrupedes celeritate: noctu ho<lb></lb>minem, ne ſine luce cernere poſſet effecit, <lb></lb>cùm omnia quadrupedia videant, canes, lu<lb></lb>pi, lepores, equi, aſini, boues, ſicque tutò <lb></lb>errare poſſunt, ac cibo, potúque frui, cùm <lb></lb>die homo omnes ſaltus poſſideat: at auibus <lb></lb>quia lux etiam noctu negata fuit, ſumma <lb></lb>arborum & turrium, tum vepres cubile de<lb></lb>derunt, vt loci difficultate ſimul & obſcuri<lb></lb>tate, tutæ forent ab inſidiis hominis. </s> <s id="s.008970">Ac<lb></lb>ceſſit & huic commodo animalium cuncto<lb></lb>rum, vtile homini, quandoquidem luce vti <lb></lb>ipſe in nocte poterat, vt cùm ſapientiſſimus <lb></lb>futurus eſſet, humidiſſimum ac frigidiſſi<lb></lb>mum cerebrum erat neceſſarium: nam ca<lb></lb>lidiſſimum cor habere debuit, vt molliſſi<lb></lb>mum corpus laboribus ſufficeret: at mol<lb></lb>liſſimum corpus erat neceſſarium, vt te<lb></lb>nuiſſima ac ſpiritui tantarum rerum capaci <lb></lb>apta materia conſtaret: itaque in humidiſſi<lb></lb>mo ac frigidiſſimo cerebro, vt à primo ad vl<lb></lb>timum rem deducam, oculos ſplendentes at<lb></lb>que ſiccos, quales ſunt felibus & nocturnis <lb></lb>auibus quæ ſicciſſimo ſunt cerebro: colloca<lb></lb>re penitus fuit impoſſibile: quare de hominis <lb></lb>neceſſitate ac fortuna, nunc prius dicere ag<lb></lb>grediar. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="549" xlink:href="016/01/198.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008971"><margin.target id="marg1253"></margin.target>Animalia <lb></lb>omnia natu<lb></lb>ra armauit <lb></lb>aduerſus ſex <lb></lb>incommodo<lb></lb>rum genera,</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008972"><margin.target id="marg1254"></margin.target>Cur homo <lb></lb>ſolus penè <lb></lb>inter anima<lb></lb>lia terre<lb></lb>ſtria nocte <lb></lb>non videat.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.198.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/198/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008973"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER VNDECIMVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008974"><emph type="center"></emph>De Hominis neceſſitate & forma.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1255"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.008975"><margin.target id="marg1255"></margin.target>Cur homo ſit <lb></lb>creatus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008976">PROPTER quid igitur cuncta <lb></lb>creata ſunt, & an omnia ſo<lb></lb>lius hominis cauſa, & an <lb></lb>homo animal, prius definien<lb></lb>dum erit. </s> <s id="s.008977">Hoc igitur initium <lb></lb>diſputationis efficere oportet, vtrumve ho<lb></lb>mo animal ſit. </s> <s id="s.008978">Deinde, an animalia ipſa ge<lb></lb>nere ſolo naturę cognita ſint an partes etiam <lb></lb>an etiam ipſa ſingularia, quod <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> in homi<lb></lb>ne maiorem habet dubitationem. </s> <s id="s.008979">Rurſus, an <lb></lb>animalia ipſa, & plantæ cæteráque propter <lb></lb>ſe, an propter hominem: quod ſi propter <lb></lb>hominem, an ipſa illicò propter hominem, <lb></lb>an quodam ordine hæc propter alia: vt her<lb></lb>bæ (gratia exempli) ob lepores, at lepores ob <lb></lb>vulpes, vulpes autem ob hominis commo<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.008980">Neque verò hac diſputatione vnquam <lb></lb>olim pulchrior, aut difficilior inuenta eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.008981">Dubitatio enim maxima eſt, cur non plura <lb></lb>genera animalium his ſunt, ſi natura quid<lb></lb>quid efficere poterat, implere conata eſt? </s> <s id="s.008982">aut <lb></lb>cur his planè ſolis fuit contenta? </s> <s id="s.008983">Solétque <lb></lb>multis modis huic occurri dubitationi. </s> <s id="s.008984">Pul<lb></lb>chréque mehercle Epicurus, dicens, natu<lb></lb>ram feciſſe quæ potuit, ſed manſiſſe tan<lb></lb>tum quæ vim aliquam excellentem habue<lb></lb>runt, qua ſe tuerentur. </s> <s id="s.008985">Sic enim inquit. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>——Multáque cùm tellus portenta creare <lb></lb>Conata eſt mira facie, membriſque coorta, <lb></lb>Androgynum inter vtras.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008986">Inde ſubiicit etiam: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Nam quæcumque vides veſci vitalibus auris, <lb></lb>Aut dolus, aut virtus, aut denique mobilitas eſt, <lb></lb>Ex ineunte æuo genus id tutata reſeruans, <lb></lb>Multaque ſunt nobis ex vtilitate ſua, quæ <lb></lb>Commendata manent, tutelæ tradita noſtræ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008987">Inde paulò pòſt: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>At quis nil horum tribuit natura, nec ipſa <lb></lb>Sponte ſua poſſent vt viuere, <lb></lb>Hæc ipſa iacebant.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008988">Demum ſubiicit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Indupedita ſuis fatalibus omnia vinclis, <lb></lb>Donec ad interitum genus id natura redegit.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.008989">Conſequitur non leue commodum ex hac <lb></lb>Epicurus opinione: ſcilicet vt monſtrifera<lb></lb>rum formarum cauſam referre poſſit: nam <lb></lb>natura ſæpiùs inchoat animalium ſpecies, <lb></lb>quæ cùm ſeruari non poſſint, pro monſtris <lb></lb>habentur. </s> <s id="s.008990">Sed tamen duobus modis ipſe <lb></lb>peccat: primò, quia adhuc manet dubita<lb></lb>tio, cùm aliæ animalium formæ creari po<lb></lb>tuiſſent, quæ manſiſſent, velut lupi cum <lb></lb>cornibus, & canes vnguibus acutis. </s> <s id="s.008991">Deinde <lb></lb>quia naturam (pronephas <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vult caſu omnia <lb></lb>condidiſſe. </s> <s id="s.008992">Ergo duorum alterum neceſſa<lb></lb>rium mihi videtur, vel quod formæ viuen<lb></lb>tium numero quorundam, & viribus ſiderum <lb></lb>conſtituantur, vel quòd perpetuò varientur <lb></lb>temporum ſucceſſu. </s> <s id="s.008993">Indicio eſt diuerſitas il<lb></lb>lorum in regionibus, aliis atque aliis, vt ſu<lb></lb>prà demonſtratum eſt, necnon in tempori<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.008994">Has non omnes, ſingularium contem<lb></lb>platione habita, propter hominem, aut pro<lb></lb>pter alia animantia facta eſſe conſtat, cum <lb></lb>multæ talpæ ſibi viuant, & moriantur. </s> <s id="s.008995">Ne<lb></lb>que maioris partis, ſed ſolius ſpeciei, ſi mo<lb></lb>do propter alia facta videantur. </s> <s id="s.008996">Ergo ſpe<lb></lb>cies rerum ipſæ, aut propter ſe factæ ſunt, <lb></lb>aut propter hominem. </s> <s id="s.008997">Tot autem genera <lb></lb>ſerpentum quæ homini exitio ſunt, propter <lb></lb>hominem facta dicere, inſanientis prorſus <lb></lb>eſt, tum venena mortifera. </s> <s id="s.008998">Quid igitur? </s> <s id="s.008999">plu<lb></lb>res fuêre artifices, & vnuſquiſque commo<lb></lb>do proſpexit ſui opificij. </s> <s id="s.009000">Qui igitur homini <lb></lb>proſpexit, ita fabricauit, vt eſſet ſapientiſſi<lb></lb>mus, omnibuſque aliis commodè vti poſſet, <lb></lb>aut ſaltem vitare, quæ vſui eſſe non pote<lb></lb>rant. </s> <s id="s.009001">Sic qui aquilis ſapientior fuit quàm <lb></lb>qui cuculis, & tamen vnuſquiſque cauit per<lb></lb>petuitati ſtructuræ ſuæ. </s> <s id="s.009002">Cùm igitur homi<lb></lb>nem creaſſet, ſic vt incommodè vteretur <lb></lb>omnibus, factum videtur vt omnia creata <lb></lb>propter ipſum viderentur. </s> <s id="s.009003">Sed non eſt ſic, <lb></lb>vnumquodque enim propter ſe creatum eſt, <lb></lb>nec conturnix ob accipitrem minus, quàm <lb></lb>animalia propter hominem facta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009004">Vi<lb></lb>dentur igitur quæ deteriore conditione ge<lb></lb>nita ſunt, ſed falsò, facta meliorum cauſa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009005">Itaque & ex hoc alterius dubitationis ſo<lb></lb>lutio exurgit, cur animalium quædam infeli<lb></lb>cia ſunt, ac videntur, vt lepores, ranæ, damæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009006">Vnde ille dicebat. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Imbelles damæ, quid niſi præda ſumus?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009007">Satis eſſent felices propria natura, ſed ob<lb></lb>ſtat aliorum illis opificum ſapientia: igitur <lb></lb>nota fuêre omnia, ſed ſecundum ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.009008">Ve<lb></lb>rum de ſingularibus egregiis in humana ſpe<lb></lb>cie tantum, dubitatio non lauis eſt: dico au<lb></lb>tem egregia ſingularia, <expan abbr="quorũ">quorum</expan> vis in multos <lb></lb>dominatur, vt reges maximè ac ſapientes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009009">Itaque ſuprema videtur mihi fuiſſe tanti <lb></lb>opificis ſapientia in duobus: vt nihil inutile <lb></lb>relinqueretur in tanta mole, ſed omnia, vel <lb></lb>viuerent, vel eſſent alimenta viuentium: & <lb></lb>vt ex hac tam ſordida fæce, aliquid quod <lb></lb>cunctis his inferioribus dominaretur, ſimilé<lb></lb>que eſſet ſupremis illis ſubſtantiis ſeparatis, <lb></lb>effingeret. </s> <s id="s.009010">Apparebat autem neceſſariam fo<lb></lb>re illi rerum omnium cognitionem: quam<lb></lb>obrem ſenſus, memoriæ ac prudentiæ tan<lb></lb>tum impertiuit, quantum licebat in tam ru<lb></lb>di materia collocare. </s> <s id="s.009011">Cumque ſuperi morta<lb></lb>libus in quinque præſtarent, ſapientia, feli<lb></lb>citate, probitate, vitæque longitudine ac ſe<lb></lb>curitatem autem mortali tribuêre nequibat, <pb pagenum="550" xlink:href="016/01/199.jpg"></pb>cætera quantum potuit largitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009012">Cùm igi<lb></lb>tur materia fragilis eſſet ac rudis, multis in<lb></lb>diguit auxiliis. </s> <s id="s.009013">Caliditate quidem opus erat, <lb></lb>vt tenuis eſſet ac motibus ſufficeret: tenuita<lb></lb>te ad ingenium, ſoliditate ad vitæ longitu<lb></lb>dinem, temperie ad morum ſuauitatem & <lb></lb>moderationem. </s> <s id="s.009014">Quis non videt hæc fermè <lb></lb>duobus modis repugnare? </s> <s id="s.009015">Sed tamen omnia <lb></lb>præſtabat abſolutiſſima compoſitio. </s> <s id="s.009016">Ne eua<lb></lb>deret abſolutiſſima, tamen multa ac penè <lb></lb>infinita obſtabant. </s> <s id="s.009017">Itaque contigit vt pro <lb></lb>fortibus plerique temerarij, timidi pro mo<lb></lb>deratis, auari pro parcis, prodigi pro libera<lb></lb>libus crudeles pro ſeueris, libidinoſi pro iu<lb></lb>cundis, denique inſani, vecordes, & vt vno <lb></lb>verbo dicam, multi improbi euaderent. </s> <s id="s.009018">Sicut <lb></lb>verò in animi dotibus ita etiam corporis <lb></lb>contigit: nam manci, debiles, morboſi, turpes <lb></lb>fœdi, imbelles, breuis vitæ plerique naſcun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.009019">Nec tamen propter hos illoſve, ſed per<lb></lb>fectiſſimos, ac totam ſpeciem humani gene<lb></lb>ris, quæ omnia illi conceſſa bona continet, <lb></lb>homo creatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009020">Itaque vt non arbores ip<lb></lb>ſas colimus ob fructibus exeſos, putridos im<lb></lb>maturos, ac decidentes ſpontè vitio aliquo: <lb></lb>ita neque naturæ curæ ſumus ob improbos, <lb></lb>ſed velut fructus ob fructus perfectos, arbor <lb></lb>ita ob optimos. </s> <s id="s.009021">Reliquit igitur veſtigia <lb></lb>quædam ſuæ priſtinæ cœleſtis materiæ in <lb></lb>his inferioribus, cùm hanc mortalem in ini<lb></lb>tio ab illa ſecreuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.009022">Neque accuſandus, <lb></lb>quod non reliquerit optima propter mala, <lb></lb>aut quòd quæ naturæ mortali repugnarent, <lb></lb>non condonarit nobis. </s> <s id="s.009023">Omnia igitur, anima <lb></lb>quadam muniuit, & qua meliore potuit vi<lb></lb>uentia, ſententiáque, demum etiam intelli<lb></lb>gentia creando. </s> <s id="s.009024">Hominem itaque omnibus <lb></lb>donauit. </s> <s id="s.009025">Inde in his certo ordine ab imper<lb></lb>fectiſſimis, provt materia quæque ſuppedi<lb></lb>tabat, tranſiuit ad perfectiſſima. </s> <s id="s.009026">Initium igi<lb></lb>tur fuit à metallicis tanquam abortiuis par<lb></lb>tibus, pòſt metallis, lapidibus, plantis, mari<lb></lb>nis, ſpongiis, vrticiſque atque conchyliis, <lb></lb>vermes, formicæ, culices: piſces, aues, lepo<lb></lb>res, canes, elephanti, cercopitheci, tandem <lb></lb>homo creatus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009027">Quæres, cui tandem vſui muſca? </s> <s id="s.009028">vt de <lb></lb>vno viliſſimo atque inſolentiſſimo dicam <lb></lb>animali. </s> <s id="s.009029">Reſpondeo, animal ipſum vt ſpecie <lb></lb>ipſa manet, & per ſe ſolum, & ad ornatum <lb></lb>mundi eſſe, & omnia ſibi neceſſaria, non ſo<lb></lb>lùm ad vitam, ſed ad beatam vitam ſortitum <lb></lb>eſſe: facta eſt propter ſe, non vt homini eſſet <lb></lb>infeſta: neque enim omnis muſca hominibus <lb></lb>infeſta, ſed quædam manent perpetuò in ne<lb></lb>moribus: & in quibuſdam regionibus non <lb></lb>ſunt, vt apud Lapones, in India etiam occi<lb></lb>dentali paucæ. </s> <s id="s.009030">Ergo generale bonum, pauco<lb></lb>rum incommodo præponi debuit. </s> <s id="s.009031">Diuina igi<lb></lb>tur ſapientia in vnoquoque fecit optimum <lb></lb>quod ex tali materia poterat excogitari. </s> <s id="s.009032">Et <lb></lb>leporum multæ ſunt infelices, non tamen <lb></lb>omnes: quædam enim nunquam hominem <lb></lb>viderunt, aut cœnem, nec perſecutionem paſ<lb></lb>ſæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009033">Simile eſt de ſpecie, ac ipſis animali<lb></lb>bus, velut de homine atque partibus ſuis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009034">Quis tam amens eſt, qui nolit potius mem<lb></lb>bra aliqua amittere, quàm perire? </s> <s id="s.009035">Ita anima<lb></lb>lia membra ſunt ſpeciei, quæ longè melius <lb></lb>eſt perire, manente incolumi ſpecie, quàm <lb></lb>ſpeciem ipſam, aut deleri, aut non eſſe vn<lb></lb>quam conſtitutam. </s> <s id="s.009036">Cùm tamen & illud lon<lb></lb>gè melius ſit in ſpecie, quòd tam benè in <lb></lb>pauciſſimis animalibus ſeruatur, ſicut in plu<lb></lb>rimis, nec vlla penitus operatio. </s> <s id="s.009037">Animali ſi <lb></lb>membrum pereat, perit & operatio, reddi<lb></lb>turque animal claudum, aut cæcum, & <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> <lb></lb>præſtat viuere, quanquam etiam moriturum <lb></lb>quantò magis ſpeciem quæ nullis manca eſt <lb></lb>operationibus, nec deformis, <expan abbr="æternitatémq;">æternitatémque</expan> <lb></lb>conſecuta eſt, tametſi in pauciſſimis anima<lb></lb>libus poſita ſit. </s> <s id="s.009038">Igitur homo vt omnia com<lb></lb>moda aſſequeretur, ex vltimo refractis ele<lb></lb>mentis genitus eſt: nam primò elementis <lb></lb>veſcuntur plantæ, plantis animalia, animali<lb></lb>bus homo. </s> <s id="s.009039">Ob id igitur carniuora omnia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <arrow.to.target n="marg1256"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>veſcentibus carne, inter piſces quadrupedia, <lb></lb>& aues ſunt ſagaciora, duabus cauſis: prima <lb></lb>quòd cibum habeant fugacem, nam inueni<lb></lb>re oportet, inde aſſequi, cùm reliquis inue<lb></lb>niſſe ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.009040">Altera, quòd iam cibus ipſe ex <lb></lb>elementis retuſis ſit, ſcilicet caro. </s> <s id="s.009041">Ob id <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>neque vlla caro eſt calidiſſima, vt in ſemini<lb></lb>bus plantarum, ac partibus earum frequen<lb></lb>ter licet conſpicere. </s> <s id="s.009042">Itaque homo, qui etiam <lb></lb>carnibus veſcitur, tum maximè volatilium, <lb></lb>potuit eſſe ſimul tenuiſſimæ, ac denſiſſimæ, <lb></lb>calidiſſimæ atque temperatiſſimæ naturæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009043">Quatenus enim aëris & caloris plurimum <lb></lb>habet, elementáque in eo frigida terra, & <lb></lb>aqua maximè à propria natura receſſerunt: <lb></lb>ita calidiſſimus eſt: vt verò nihil eſt amplius <lb></lb>excoctum, quàm eſſe debuit, terrenóque ele<lb></lb>mento pauciſſimo, & puriſſimo conſtat, ma<lb></lb>ximè temperatus. </s> <s id="s.009044">Ob id homo cùm conſu<lb></lb>mitur, terræ puræ vix vncias quinque, aut <lb></lb>ſex relinquit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009045"><margin.target id="marg1256"></margin.target>Cur carniuo<lb></lb>ra omnia ſa<lb></lb>gaciora reli<lb></lb>quis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009046">Cur nulla <lb></lb>caro calidiſ<lb></lb>ſima vt plan<lb></lb>tæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009047">Homo quo<lb></lb>modo cali<lb></lb>diſſimus, ac <lb></lb>temperatiſſi<lb></lb>mus eſſe po<lb></lb>tuit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009048">Atque hæc fidem facere videntur, quòd <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1257"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>homo ſit animal, hucuſque etiam ſic eſſe <lb></lb>creditum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009049">Sed homo non plus eſt animal <lb></lb>quàm animal planta. </s> <s id="s.009050">Si enim animal quam<lb></lb>uis nutriatur & viuat, plantæ nomen non <lb></lb>meretur, nec omninò planta eſt, quia <expan abbr="animã">animam</expan> <lb></lb>qua ſentit, habet præter plantam: homo <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>præter animal mentem habeat, deſinit eſſe <lb></lb>animal: nam alterum genus animæ eſt quod <lb></lb>ſentit, ac intelligit, vt teſtatur Ariſtoteles Si <lb></lb>enim forma alia à forma fuerit, alterum ſub <lb></lb>altero collocari non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009051">Sentit enim ho<lb></lb>mo profectò vt animal viuens, non tamen <lb></lb>homo animal, vt neque animal planta. </s> <s id="s.009052">Si <lb></lb>enim homo animal eſt, id eſt, cuius forma <lb></lb>vltima eſt, ſenſus effectrix anima, manife<lb></lb>ſtum erit & eadem ratione eſſe etiam plan<lb></lb>tam: at hoc nemo admittit, nemo credit. </s> <s id="s.009053">Et <lb></lb>qua ratione in homine ſenſus continetur, <lb></lb>eadem prorſus in animali viuens. </s> <s id="s.009054">Nec tamen <lb></lb>animal eſt, quod ſolum viuit, id eſt, planta, <lb></lb>vt nec homo animal. Denique ſi homo ani<lb></lb>mal eſt, vel ratione vtens, vel carens? </s> <s id="s.009055">Non <lb></lb>equidem carens, eſſet enim bellua: eſt igitur <lb></lb>vtens ratione. </s> <s id="s.009056">Vti itaque ratione differentia <lb></lb>quædam eſt animalium, velut & bouis, aut <lb></lb>leporis propria differentia. </s> <s id="s.009057">Quæ igitur ſentit <lb></lb>anima, vt poteſt non vti ratione, poteſt <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>vti: intellectus igitur in ea collocatur. </s> <s id="s.009058">Perſ<lb></lb>picuum enim eſt, differentiam quamlibet in <lb></lb>eo eſſe poſſe, cuius eſt differentia? </s> <s id="s.009059">Senſus <pb pagenum="551" xlink:href="016/01/200.jpg"></pb>igitur intelligere poſſet? </s> <s id="s.009060">Ergo homo, vita & <lb></lb>ſenſu præditus eſt: animal autem, aut plan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1258"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tam dicere abſurdum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009061">Quibuſdam autem <lb></lb>viſum eſt, quòd homo animal eſſet ob natu<lb></lb>ræ conſenſum in animæ, & corporis affecti<lb></lb>bus, & quòd quidam morbi ex animalibus in <lb></lb>homines tranſirent: velut vitiligo, quæ ex <lb></lb>equis, præcipuè alba, tranſit in homines ſolo <lb></lb>tactu: vt enim quis equum attrectauerit, qui <lb></lb>eiuſcemodi morbo detineatur, ſtatim ab ea <lb></lb>corripitur. </s> <s id="s.009062">Sed & quædam ex plantis in ani<lb></lb>malia tranſeunt, quamobrem non eſt dicen<lb></lb>dum animalia plantas eſſe. </s> <s id="s.009063">Itaque ad ſermo<lb></lb>nem de homine tranſeamus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1259"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009064"><margin.target id="marg1257"></margin.target>Hominem <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>eſſe animal.<margin.target id="marg1258"></margin.target>Vitiligo ex <lb></lb>equis in ho<lb></lb>mines tran<lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009065"><margin.target id="marg1259"></margin.target>Homo pro<lb></lb>pter quatuor <lb></lb>factus eſt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009066">Homo ipſe propter quatuor factus eſt: pri<lb></lb>mùm, vt diuina cognoſcet, ſecundùm, vt illis <lb></lb>mortalia medius <expan abbr="cõnecteret">connecteret</expan>: <expan abbr="tertiũ">tertium</expan>, vt morta<lb></lb>libus imperaret. </s> <s id="s.009067">Neceſſe enim erat & in hoc <lb></lb>genere, velut & in cœleſti, aliquod eſſe opti<lb></lb>mum ac nobiliſſimum, quodque imperitet <lb></lb>cæteris, hîc autem vi, illis verò ſpontè. </s> <s id="s.009068">Quar<lb></lb>tum, vt quicquid mente excogitari poſſet, id <lb></lb>omne opifex maior ipſa cogitatione præſta<lb></lb>ret, eſſetque animal fallax. </s> <s id="s.009069">Nam belluæ fal<lb></lb>laces eſſe non poterant ob ſtultitiam, ſuperi <lb></lb>verò ob probitatem. </s> <s id="s.009070">Non enim hic finis, fi<lb></lb>nis enim bonum: ſed fini neceſſario coniun<lb></lb>ctum. </s> <s id="s.009071">Hoc autem vitare conuenit, velut & <lb></lb>mortem: quædam enim neceſſaria vitanda <lb></lb>ſunt, quia mala, cùm tamen ad vniuerſi or<lb></lb>natum pertineant: & ſi non omninò <expan abbr="aboleã-tur">abolean<lb></lb>tur</expan>, vt næui & muſcæ: & quæcunque totius <lb></lb>non vnius partis gratia eſſe videntur. </s> <s id="s.009072">Homo <lb></lb>igitur intelligendo diuis ſimilis efficitur, <arrow.to.target n="marg1260"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>prauitate autem belluis. </s> <s id="s.009073">Triplex igitur ho<lb></lb>minum genus: Diuinum, quod non decipit, <lb></lb>nec decipitur: hum anum, quod decipit, & <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>decipitur <expan abbr="belluinũ">belluinum</expan>, quod <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> decipit, & deci<lb></lb>pitur. </s> <s id="s.009074">Quòd verò decipit, ac decipitur, quod<lb></lb>que maximam ſolum occupat humani ge<lb></lb>neris partem, non ſimplex modus, ſed mi<lb></lb>ſtus eſt hic ex belluino, humanóque genere. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1261"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009075"><margin.target id="marg1260"></margin.target>Triplex ho<lb></lb>minum ge<lb></lb>nus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009076"><margin.target id="marg1261"></margin.target>Quomodo re<lb></lb>ges, & <expan abbr="ſapiẽ-tes">ſapien<lb></lb>tes</expan> populi<lb></lb>que primis <lb></lb>principiis per <lb></lb>ſe noti ſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009077">Ac verò quomodo gentes atque prouin<lb></lb>ciæ, tum reges ac ſapientes cuſtodientibus <lb></lb>primis principiis nota ſint, nunc dicam. </s> <s id="s.009078">Il<lb></lb>lud primùm prætereo, quod in libro de Ani<lb></lb>morum immortalitate oſtendimus, ſingula <lb></lb>quæque ſcilicet, contractis per multa gene<lb></lb>ralia conditionibus cognita eſſe: nam hoc <lb></lb>non primò eſt nouiſſe ea, ſed alia quadam <lb></lb>ratione: at verò perſe longéque melius nota <lb></lb>eſſe regna & populos, tum reges ac ſapien<lb></lb>tes, quàm prauos & priuatos, ac ignobiles, <lb></lb>nunc docere aggredior. </s> <s id="s.009079">Totum humanum <lb></lb>genus cognitum eſt & tota etiam terra quæ <lb></lb>habitari poteſt, vtque illius prouincia quæ <lb></lb>libet pars quædam eſt certa, vt centeſima ac <lb></lb>milleſima, ita etiam gens qúæ in ea habitat <lb></lb>cognita eſt, vt totius humani generis certa <lb></lb>quædam pars. </s> <s id="s.009080">At verò reges ipſi & exerci<lb></lb>tus & ſapientes, cauſæ ſunt horum, & vt <lb></lb>prouinciæ vel pereant, vel diuturna floreant <lb></lb>felicitate: itaque & cauſas has non ſimpli<lb></lb>citer quidem, ſed vt ad prouincias, regna ac <lb></lb>ciuitates comparantur, notas eſſe oportet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009081">Quamobrem nota hæc ſunt, & ſigna ac pro<lb></lb>digia in horum interitu, ac ortu fieri con<lb></lb>ſueuerunt: igitur tanta fuit de his cura. </s> <s id="s.009082">In <lb></lb>genere verò nudus creatus eſt, vt formoſior <lb></lb>eſſet, tenuior ac humidior. </s> <s id="s.009083">Sed quoniam nu<arrow.to.target n="marg1262"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ditas obnoxia erat periculis; & minus firma <lb></lb>tribus illum armauit præſidiis: ingenio ad in<lb></lb>uentionem neceſſariorum: ſermone ad auxi<lb></lb>lium: manibus ad perfectionem omnium <lb></lb>eorum, quæ vel ingenio excogitaſſet, vel ſer<lb></lb>mone ab aliis didiciſſet. </s> <s id="s.009084">Neque enim aliud <lb></lb>animal verè loquitur, cùm non ex mente <lb></lb>proficiſcatur verbum, nec manus habet, ſed <lb></lb>manibus aliquid ſimile. </s> <s id="s.009085">Itaque neceſſaria <lb></lb>primò inuenit ratione, ædes, veſtes, arma, ci<lb></lb>bos: pòſt terram ac materia metiri: nec his <lb></lb>contentus, planiſphæriis, ſciotericis, armil<lb></lb>liſque ampliſſimam cœli molem, ac vix <expan abbr="mẽ-te">men<lb></lb>te</expan> conceptam, euocauit in terram, in angu<lb></lb>ſtumque redigens ſub ſenſu ac oculis poſuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009086">Inde naturalem Philoſophiam conſtituit, <lb></lb>reliquaſque ſcientias: demum ad leges, qui<lb></lb>bus cum pace viuere multitudo poſſet, ani<lb></lb>mum applicuit. </s> <s id="s.009087">Diſſidebant inter ſe enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1263"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>homines, ac nunc etiam non minus quàm <lb></lb>belluæ ab illis, lege lingua, prouinciis, mori<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.009088">Neque enim pluris eſt apud Mahume<lb></lb>ti cultores Chriſtianus, neque apud vtroſ<lb></lb>que Iudæus, improbo, ac viliſſimo cane: irri<lb></lb>detur, vrgetur, vapulat, ſpoliatur, denique <lb></lb>occiditur, in ſeruitutem adigitur, ſtupris vio<lb></lb>lentis, fœdiſque tractationibus vexatur, vt <lb></lb>non tanta à tigride cui catulos ſubduxerit <lb></lb>homo, paſſurus ſit. </s> <s id="s.009089">Leges autem quatuor, <lb></lb>Idolorum Iudæorum, Chriſtianorum, & Ma<lb></lb>humetanorum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009090"><margin.target id="marg1262"></margin.target>Tria hominis <lb></lb>dona preci<lb></lb>pua.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009091"><margin.target id="marg1263"></margin.target>Quatuor in <lb></lb>quibus ho<lb></lb>mines diſſi<lb></lb>dent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009092">Idolorum cultor ſuam præfert legem qua<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1264"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tuor argumentis. </s> <s id="s.009093">Primùm quòd pugna ſu<lb></lb>perior euaſerit aduerſus Iudæos toties, donec <lb></lb>eam legem deleuerit: quare non magis pla<lb></lb>cuiſſe Dei cultum vnius quam multorum, <lb></lb>opifici ſummo ac rectori. </s> <s id="s.009094">Deinde, quòd cùm <lb></lb>populus regem habet aliquem ſummum, de<lb></lb>cet vnumquenque ad illius potius præfectos <lb></lb>aulicoſque confugere in priuatorum cauſis, <lb></lb>tum maximè minimis, quàm ex quacunque <lb></lb>cauſa ipſum regem vexare. </s> <s id="s.009095">Eodem modo <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>Deus ille ſummus minimam habeat de his <lb></lb>inferioribus curam, priuatorum verò nego<lb></lb>cia etiam horum inferorum minimam obti<lb></lb>neant partem: ad deos potiùs ſummi illius <lb></lb>miniſtros ob quæque negocia indigna refu<lb></lb>gere opportunius putant, quàm adeò abie<lb></lb>ctis cauſis illum, quem vel cogitatione aſſe<lb></lb>qui tentare nephas eſt, vexare precibus. </s> <s id="s.009096">De<lb></lb>nique hac lege, hiſque exemplis, dum è mor<lb></lb>talitate ad cultum diuinum tranſire ſperant, <lb></lb>plurimos virtutes inclytos euaſiſſe, vt Her<lb></lb>culem, Apollinem, Iouem, Mercurium, Ce<lb></lb>rerem. </s> <s id="s.009097">Quòd verò ad miracula attinet, neque <lb></lb>in illis pauciora fuiſſe à diis ſuis auxilia ma<lb></lb>nifeſta, tum oracula, quàm in omnibus aliis: <lb></lb>nec noſtram de Deo, ac mundi origine ab<lb></lb>ſurdam eſſe minus, imò longè magis, opi<lb></lb>nionem, quàm ſuam, quod ex contentione <lb></lb>inter ipſas leges aliàs apparet, odioque ea<lb></lb>rum in omnes Philoſophos velut veritatis <lb></lb>autores. </s> <s id="s.009098">At verò hi victimas humanas obii<lb></lb>ciunt, ſtatuarum mutarum venerationem, <lb></lb>deorum multitudinem, quæ etiam à ſuis irri<lb></lb>deatur: illorum quoque ſcelera nefanda, <lb></lb>quæ de homine pudeat etiam cogitare, ſum<lb></lb>mi opificis ingratam obliuionem. <pb pagenum="552" xlink:href="016/01/201.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1265"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009099"><margin.target id="marg1264"></margin.target>Cultoris ido <lb></lb>lorum ad<lb></lb>uerſus reli<lb></lb>quas leges <lb></lb>contentio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009100"><margin.target id="marg1265"></margin.target>Iudæi cum <lb></lb>Mahumeta<lb></lb>no, & Chri<lb></lb>ſtiano diſpu<lb></lb>tatio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009101">Sic illa euerſa, Iudæus aduerſus Chriſtia<lb></lb>nos inſurgit. </s> <s id="s.009102">Si quæ fabulæ in noſtra lege <lb></lb>continentur, omnes ad vos tranſierunt, qui <lb></lb>noſtram legem recipitis. </s> <s id="s.009103">Dei vnius ſimplici<lb></lb>tatem nemo adeò ſyncere vt nos colimus, <lb></lb>cuius etiam initium a nobis eſt. </s> <s id="s.009104">Miracula & <lb></lb>prodigia maiora, quàm vlla in lege alia, & <lb></lb>gentis nobilitas. </s> <s id="s.009105">Tum illi aduerſus eam: Non <lb></lb>placuiſſe Deo quicquid periit: illos in ſuos <lb></lb>prophetas ſæuiſſe: abominabile fuiſſe genus <lb></lb>eorum ſemper omnibus illos qui à Chriſtia<lb></lb>nis ac Mahumetanis coluntur, à lege ſua iuſ<lb></lb>ſos adorari. </s> <s id="s.009106">Hac exploſa rurſus Chriſtianus <arrow.to.target n="marg1266"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aduerſus Mahumetanum diſputat: acrior eſt <lb></lb>hæc pugna, quæ magnis viribus vtrinque <lb></lb>innititur, & ex qua regnorum, & prouincia<lb></lb>rum ſalus pendet. </s> <s id="s.009107">Chriſtianus quatuor ma<lb></lb>ximè innititur fundamentis: prophetarum <lb></lb>primò teſtimonio, adeò diligenter omnia, <lb></lb>quæ de Chriſto euenerunt <expan abbr="narrantiũ">narrantium</expan>, vt non <lb></lb>prædicta quis exiſtimet, ſed recitata poſt fa<lb></lb>ctum putet. </s> <s id="s.009108">Hi nihil de Mahumete pronun<lb></lb>ciant. </s> <s id="s.009109">Miraculorum deinde Chriſti autorita<lb></lb>te, quæ tanta fuerunt ac talia, vt non ſint <lb></lb>Mahumetanorum prodigiis comparanda: vt <lb></lb>mortuorum reſurrectio, Lazari & puellæ, & <lb></lb>filij viduæ. </s> <s id="s.009110">At Mahumetanorum miracula, <lb></lb>caſus lapidum ab auibus nigris, vel occulta<lb></lb>tio in ſpelunca, velut in Alcorano ſuo docet <lb></lb>vel quòd miſſus, aut tranſlatus ex Mecha in <lb></lb>Hieroſolymam in vna nocte: ſeu quòd in <lb></lb>cœlum aſſumptus ſit, aut quòd Lunam diui<lb></lb>ſerit: quæ omnia aut teſte carent, aut miracu<lb></lb>la non ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009111">Lapides enim ab auibus demiſ<lb></lb>ſos, prodigioſum etſi ſit, & fuiſſe concedatur <lb></lb>non <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> eſt miraculum: at Lunam diuiſam <lb></lb>videri, nec miraculum eſt, nec prodigioſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009112">Transferri autem à Mecha in <expan abbr="Hieroſolymã">Hieroſolymam</expan>, <lb></lb>vel in cœlum aſcendiſſe, eſſet miraculum, ſed <lb></lb>teſte caret. </s> <s id="s.009113">Tertia ratio à præceptis pendet <lb></lb>Chriſti, quæ nil continet à Philoſophia mo<lb></lb>rali, aut naturali abſonum. </s> <s id="s.009114">Nam illius vitam <lb></lb>æquare nemo quamuis optimus, imitari au<lb></lb>tem quilibet poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009115">Quid poteſt? </s> <s id="s.009116">imò quan<lb></lb>tum ab illius exemplo abſcedis, tantum ne<lb></lb>farij moris induis. </s> <s id="s.009117">At Mahumetus cædes & <lb></lb>bella conſulit, & turrim in Paradiſo: Para<lb></lb>diſum autem in quo nubant, formoſi pueri <lb></lb>miniſtrent, carnes edant & poma, bibant <lb></lb>nectar, recumbant ſericeis lectis: & gemmas, <lb></lb>ſericeáque ſtrata in vmbra plantarum poſſi<lb></lb>deant. </s> <s id="s.009118">Qui ſani ſenſus hæc ferat? </s> <s id="s.009119">Abſurda <lb></lb>nonne ſunt, quòd fingat Deum aſcendere ad <lb></lb>cœlum è terris, & quòd ipſe etiam per dæ<lb></lb>monas ſeruos ſuos, iuret. </s> <s id="s.009120">Quid quòd hiſtoria, <lb></lb>etiamſi ſit, quum potius fabula, ad minus <lb></lb>quinquies de camelo repetita? </s> <s id="s.009121">Accedit vlti<lb></lb>mo pro Chriſtianis coniectura, quòd pau<lb></lb>ciſſimis imperitis, pauperibuſque aduerſus <lb></lb>tot Cæſares, ditiſſimóſque ſacrificos idolo<lb></lb>rum, lex ipſa noſtra promulgata ſit, orbém<lb></lb>que totum etiam hæreſibus debilitata inte<lb></lb>ſtinis occupauerit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009122"><margin.target id="marg1266"></margin.target>Chriſtiani <lb></lb>cum Mahu<lb></lb>metano con<lb></lb>tentio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009123">At Mahumetani & ipſi munimenta ha<lb></lb>bent. </s> <s id="s.009124">Primùm, quòd Chriſtiani, non eam <lb></lb>quam ipſi in Deo <expan abbr="ſimplicitatẽ">ſimplicitatem</expan> colant, & quòd <lb></lb>Chriſticolæ imagines venerantur, videan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1267"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>turque deorum non Dei vnius cultores. </s> <s id="s.009125">Suc<lb></lb>cedit argumentum ex euentu, cùm tot victo<lb></lb>rias iam obtinuerint, tot occupauerint pro<lb></lb>uincias, vt vix Mahumetanæ legis Chriſtia<lb></lb>na certa pars dici poſſet, ni beneficio Cæſa<lb></lb>ris noſtri iam alius orbis Chriſtiani cultus <lb></lb>religione paſſim imbutus eſſet. </s> <s id="s.009126">Hem dicunt, <lb></lb>Deum melius ſentientibus fauere, eſt veriſi<lb></lb>mile: nec cùm poſſit tot ſeruare minimo au<lb></lb>xilio, quaſi illis infenſus, eos ſpontè perdat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009127">Vita verò illorum atque mores mutatis vi<lb></lb>cibus, cum nos Mahumetem, illi Chriſtum <lb></lb>imitari videantur, legi ſuæ non paruam tri<lb></lb>buit autoritatem: orant, ieiunant, ſimplici <lb></lb>vtuntur cultu, imò ſimpliſſimo, abſtinent à <lb></lb>cædibus, alea, adulteriis, ac improbis erga <lb></lb>Deum, <expan abbr="nefandiſq;">nefandiſque</expan> blaſphemiis, quibus qua<lb></lb>tuor potiſſimè vitiis populus Chriſtianus pe<lb></lb>nè obtritus totus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009128">Quid ſi mulierum <expan abbr="hone-ſtatẽ">hone<lb></lb>ſtatem</expan>, & templorum cultum inſpicias? </s> <s id="s.009129">Deni<lb></lb>que quod ad miracula attinet, nos recitata, <lb></lb>ipſos præſentia habere dicunt. </s> <s id="s.009130">Alij multis <lb></lb>diebus abſtinent cibo, alij igne vruntur, ac <lb></lb>ferro ſecantur, nullum doloris <expan abbr="veſtigiũ">veſtigium</expan> præ<lb></lb>ferentes: multi ſunt vocem è pectore <expan abbr="mittẽ-tes">mitten<lb></lb>tes</expan>, qui olim engaſtrimuthi dicebantur: hoc <lb></lb><expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> maximè eis contingit cùm Orgia quæ<lb></lb>dam exercent, atque circumferuntur in <expan abbr="orbẽ">orbem</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009131">Quæ tria vt veriſſima ſunt, & naturali ra<lb></lb>tione mira tamen conſtant, cuius ſuperiùs <lb></lb>mentionem fecimus, ita illud confectum <lb></lb>naſci pueros è mulieribus abſque concubitu. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009132"><margin.target id="marg1267"></margin.target>Azoaris 15. <lb></lb>& 52.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009133">Sed hæc parum Philoſophis attinent, pro <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1268"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quibus inſtitutus eſt ſermo: ad <expan abbr="prouinciarũ">prouinciarum</expan> <lb></lb>miracula tranſeamus. </s> <s id="s.009134">Adeò refert varietas <lb></lb>loci, vt ſub vtroque polo nox vna ſit perpe<lb></lb>tua ſex menſium, dieſque <expan abbr="totidẽ">totidem</expan> illi <expan abbr="ſuccedẽ-tes">ſucceden<lb></lb>tes</expan>: ſed & in locis proximis quatuor, in remo<lb></lb>tioribus duorum, vel vnius menſis. </s> <s id="s.009135">Ita vt in <lb></lb>Nugardia vrbe olim ditiſſima, nunc Moſcho <lb></lb>regi ſubdita, templo ampliſſimo adhuc inſi<lb></lb>gni, vbi mella nullo cultu in nemoribus pro<lb></lb>ueniunt, æſtate lux vna pluribus diebus ma<lb></lb>neat: atque hæc ex ſphæræ ratione: qua con<lb></lb>ſtare non poteſt, quod Haitomus de Hanſem <lb></lb>regione ( ea poſita eſt inter Moſchicum & <lb></lb>Antitaurum montes, non procul ab vrbe <lb></lb>Zoriga <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>refert, ſcilicet perpetuis eſſe in te<lb></lb>nebris: atque ob id inacceſſam eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009136"><margin.target id="marg1268"></margin.target>Tenebræ ſex <lb></lb>menſium, & <lb></lb>dies in qui<lb></lb>buſdam re<lb></lb>gionibus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009137">Eſt & aliud diſcrimen in regionibus à ca<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1269"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lore ac frigore: <expan abbr="quæcunq;">quæcunque</expan> enim ſunt iuxta po<lb></lb>los, gelu rigent: quæ ſub zona <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> Sol pre<lb></lb>mit, æſtu feruent: mediæ ſunt <expan abbr="tẽperatis">temperatis</expan> pro<lb></lb>ximæ. </s> <s id="s.009138">Sub polis ciuitates eſſe populoſas eſt <lb></lb>impoſſibile, quoniam ſterilis eſt terra, & <expan abbr="in-cõmoda">in<lb></lb>commoda</expan> vectio frugum: quamobrem aut pa<lb></lb>lantes viuere neceſſe eſt, aut in paruis vil<lb></lb>lis. </s> <s id="s.009139">Qui verò temperatam incolunt <expan abbr="regionẽ">regionem</expan>, <lb></lb>mediocres habent vrbes: nam <expan abbr="cõmodius">commodius</expan> fru<lb></lb>ges in eas euehunt, & melius ac tutius in his <lb></lb>quàm in villis verſantur: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> multitudine ho<lb></lb>minum, & muris ſunt firmiores, <expan abbr="artéſq;">artéſque</expan> ſibi <lb></lb>inuicem melius auxilio eſſe poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.009140">Conti<lb></lb>git tamen Romæ, quòd orbis imperium ob<lb></lb>tinuerit, magnitudo incredibilis, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> mænio<lb></lb>rum, ſed populi. </s> <s id="s.009141">At in feruidis regionib. ma<lb></lb>ximas ciuitates eſſe neceſſe eſt: <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan>, quòd <lb></lb>ſoli pars aut ſterilis eſt, ſi aquis careat: aut <lb></lb>fertiliſſima, ſi abundet: ob hanc <expan abbr="inæqualitatẽ">inæqualitatem</expan> <lb></lb>cùm locus multitudini alendæ oportunus in<lb></lb>uenitur, pars eſt ampliſſimam vrbem condi, <lb></lb><expan abbr="numeroſiſſimumq;">numeroſiſſimumque</expan> populum in eam conflue<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.009142">Alia potentior cauſa eſt, quòd cùm procul <pb pagenum="553" xlink:href="016/01/202.jpg"></pb>veniant merces, & per loca deſerta, <expan abbr="periculo-ſáq;">periculo<lb></lb>ſáque</expan> neceſſe eſt vt ſimul plures veniant mer<lb></lb>catores, ac in modum agminis, ob <expan abbr="ſecuritatẽ">ſecuritatem</expan>: <lb></lb>quare cum in aliquam vrbem ſedem poſue<lb></lb>rint, incommodum nimis eſſet eam ſocieta<lb></lb>tem vagari, non ſolùm mercatoribus, ſed vr<lb></lb>bibus: vnde melius eſt, & longè faciliùs, vi<lb></lb>cinos omnes in eum locum confluere, quod <lb></lb>cùm multis perſeuerat annis, contingit <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>è paruo pago vrbem fieri populoſiſſimam. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1270"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Tales igitur ſunt, Quiſnai, Singui, Camba<lb></lb>la, & Cairum. </s> <s id="s.009143">Hanc ciuitatem Gehoar Il<lb></lb>liricus ſeruus Elcaim Mahumetanorum <lb></lb>Pontificis in Ægypto ædificauit ſecuritatis <lb></lb>cauſa, vocatáque nomine Pontificis Elcaira, <lb></lb>inde corruptio, vocabulo Cairum. </s> <s id="s.009144">Si quis ob<lb></lb>iiciat Byzantium ſeu Conſtantinopolim, ta<lb></lb>metſi cum his, quæ ſexaginta atque amplius <lb></lb>habent paſſuum millia in ambitu, conferri <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1271"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>minimè debeat, cauſa tamen imperium eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009145">Antiquitate autem nulla nobilior Lycoſura <lb></lb>Arcadiæ ciuitate: ante illam inquit Pauſa<lb></lb>nias, ſol ciuitatem non vidit. </s> <s id="s.009146">In Lyceo mon<lb></lb>te à Lycaone Pelaſgi filio ædificata eſt. </s> <s id="s.009147">Ci<lb></lb>uitates ſitu ac viris conſtant. </s> <s id="s.009148">Situs ſalubris, <lb></lb>inexpugnabilis, aditúque facilis eſſe debet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009149">Inexpugnabilis ſitus eſſe non poteſt, niſi <lb></lb>monte, vel palude, aut aquis. </s> <s id="s.009150">In montibus <lb></lb>aditus difficilis eſt, in paludibus ſalubris eſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1272"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non poteſt: igitur in aqua ciuitate æterna <lb></lb>collocanda eſt. </s> <s id="s.009151">At nec in omni aqua, ſed <lb></lb>quæ breuibus & vadis abundet. </s> <s id="s.009152">Neque bre<lb></lb>uia & vada ſufficiunt, in dulcibus enim <lb></lb>aquis inſalubris fiet aër. </s> <s id="s.009153">Quòd ſi à conti<lb></lb>nente abſit plurimùm, aut mari obruetur, <lb></lb>aut ſiccabuntur vada: quæ ſi ſiccentur, fama <lb></lb>intereat neceſſe eſt: nam nec nauigationi <lb></lb>locus, nec agri in mari eſſe poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.009154">Talis ſi<lb></lb>tus eſt Venetianum, & Singui vbi ſex mil<lb></lb>lia pontium lapideorum, & Quiſnai, vbi <lb></lb>duodecim millia, & in Amſterdano Batauo<lb></lb>rum, ſeu Holandiæ vrbe. </s> <s id="s.009155">Atque has omnes <lb></lb>& maximas, & opulentiſſimas eſſe haud du<lb></lb>bium eſt. </s> <s id="s.009156">Quod ad viros attinet, horum duæ <lb></lb>ſunt partes, corporea ménſque. </s> <s id="s.009157">Corpori<lb></lb>bus vtimur ad ea, quæ mens docet, & im<lb></lb>perat. </s> <s id="s.009158">Mens pura eſſe nequit, nec cui omnes <lb></lb>libenter pareant, niſi quòd puriſſimum eſt <lb></lb>illius ſeparetur & imperet. </s> <s id="s.009159">Pars autem hæc <lb></lb>mentis, lex vocatur. </s> <s id="s.009160">Sola igitur ciuitas in <lb></lb>qua lex imperet, non homines, & corpora <lb></lb>hominum militari robore exercitata, ſitúſ<lb></lb>que tum ſalubris, tum tutus, & aditu fa<lb></lb>cilis, æterna in libertate manere, id eſt, diu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1273"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>turna poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009161">Talis eſt Venetiarum conditio: <lb></lb>quamobrem vrbi Venetiarum vel ſola, vel <lb></lb>maximè libera vrbs meretur appellari. </s> <s id="s.009162">Di<lb></lb>ctum eſt autem de his alibi. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009163"><margin.target id="marg1269"></margin.target>Ratio tri<lb></lb>plex magni<lb></lb>tudinis vr<lb></lb>bium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009164"><margin.target id="marg1270"></margin.target>Quatuor vr<lb></lb>bes maximæ <lb></lb>orbis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009165">Cairi vrbis <lb></lb>origo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009166"><margin.target id="marg1271"></margin.target>Lycoſura ci<lb></lb>uitatum om<lb></lb>nium prima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009167"><margin.target id="marg1272"></margin.target>Vrbium ater<lb></lb>narum quin<lb></lb>que conditio<lb></lb>nes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009168"><margin.target id="marg1273"></margin.target>Veneta vr urbis laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009169">Tertia diſcriminis ratio, ex lingua eſt: nec <lb></lb>eſt aliud in quo plus homo ab homine dif<lb></lb>ferat, cùm cætera animalia iiſdem vocibus <lb></lb>eoſdem demonſtrent affectus. </s> <s id="s.009170">Solus homo <lb></lb>ab homine non plus intelligitur, quàm à leo<lb></lb>ne hirundo. </s> <s id="s.009171">Quot verò ſint diſcrimina lin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1274"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>guarum, explicare numero vix queam. </s> <s id="s.009172">Sunt <lb></lb>tamen ſex ſimplicia genera: ab ore, & hi <lb></lb>quaſi ſibilant: à lingua intra dentes, à lingua <lb></lb>exerta: tum hæc duplex, vt in labiis, & in <lb></lb>palato: à gutture, & à pectore. </s> <s id="s.009173">Licet autem <lb></lb>hæc omnia fermè diſcrimina in Italia inſpi<lb></lb>cere: nam Florentini gula, Veneti Palato, <lb></lb>Neapolitani dentibus, Ianuenſes labiis pro<lb></lb>ferunt. </s> <s id="s.009174">In vniuerſum lingua quatuor modis <lb></lb>ſimplicibus ſermonem edit acuta, reflexa, ſu<lb></lb>perius, inferius, & libera. </s> <s id="s.009175">Libera lingua eſt <lb></lb>Romana, ſuperius inflectitur Anglica. </s> <s id="s.009176">Fiunt <lb></lb>autem modi compoſiti quinquaginta ſex, <lb></lb>quibus additis ſex ſimplicibus, erunt ex pro<lb></lb>lationis differentia ſexaginta duo linguarum <lb></lb>genera. </s> <s id="s.009177">Sed hæc variantur ſingula pro no<lb></lb>minum ratione, vt homo Latinè <foreign lang="grc">ἄνθρωπος</foreign><lb></lb>Græcè, vmbri Hiſpanicè, etiamſi nulla eſſet <lb></lb>in prolatione varietas. </s> <s id="s.009178">Quædam etiam eſt <lb></lb>differentia in prolationibus, nam vel idem <lb></lb>verbum ſubiicitur pluribus prolationum <lb></lb>generibus, aut quædam iis, quædam aliis: <lb></lb>quis igitur infinita genera linguarum eſſe <lb></lb>non nouerit? </s> <s id="s.009179">Sunt autem ex his, quæ non <lb></lb>facilè nomina iungunt, vt Romana & Hiſ<lb></lb>pana. </s> <s id="s.009180">Quædam mira felicitate vtuntur com<lb></lb>poſitis nominibus, vt Græca atque Germa<lb></lb>nica. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009181"><margin.target id="marg1274"></margin.target>Linguarum <lb></lb>diſcrimina.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009182">Vltimum erat diſcrimen à moribus, vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1275"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſint qui homines edant, quorum genus ad<lb></lb>huc in Nouo orbe apud Hiſpaniam inſulam <lb></lb>perſeuerat. </s> <s id="s.009183">Neceſſe eſt autem hos homines <lb></lb>feros eſſe, atque <expan abbr="eãdem">eandem</expan> habere <expan abbr="rationẽ">rationem</expan> quàm <lb></lb>lupi ad iumenta. </s> <s id="s.009184">Initium ex odio fuit: inde <lb></lb>ſapore allecti, atque ignauia, cum nefanda <lb></lb>omnia ſuis incrementis augeantur apud ho<lb></lb>mines, in vſum vindicta tranſiit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009185"><margin.target id="marg1275"></margin.target>Germania <lb></lb>lingua vt <lb></lb>Græca felici<lb></lb>ter nomina <lb></lb>iungit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009186">Homines <expan abbr="edẽ">eden<lb></lb>tes</expan> humanas <lb></lb>carnes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009187">Sunt & præter hæc diſcrimina natura<lb></lb>lia ſexus, ætatis ac temperamenti, adeò vt <lb></lb>plus homo ab homine differat, quàm à lu<lb></lb>po capra. </s> <s id="s.009188">Differunt igitur primùm magni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1276"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tudine: & qui ſunt immenſi, gigantes vo<lb></lb>cantur: qui parui, pygmæi ſeu pumiliones. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009189">Fuiſſe gigantes cùm multa teſtentur monu<lb></lb>menta, id tamen in primis argumento eſſe <lb></lb>debet, quòd Claudij Cæſaris temporibus <lb></lb>Gabbara nomine Arabs fuit longitudine no<lb></lb>uem pedum ac totidem vnciarum, quæ ſi in <lb></lb>noſtram redigatur menſuram, implet ſeptem <lb></lb>brachia lignea, & quartam partem cum ſex<lb></lb>tadecima. </s> <s id="s.009190">Minus mirum videri poſſit noſtra <lb></lb>ætate, cùm inſula gigantum in Nouo orbe <lb></lb>inuenta ſit. </s> <s id="s.009191">Nec ſcio tamen an is, quem <lb></lb>Cæſar noſter Italiæ, non parua cum admi<lb></lb>ratione oſtendit, ex illa inſula eſſet oriun<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1277"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dus. </s> <s id="s.009192">Vnum tamen ſat eſt, Gabbaræ magni<lb></lb>tudinem fuiſſe mirabilem, cùm homo ma<lb></lb>gnus trium brachiorum longitudinem non <lb></lb>expleat. </s> <s id="s.009193">Adducor autem auctoritate ſcri<lb></lb>bentium olim de re militari, qui tyronum <lb></lb>mediocrem magnitudinem quinque pedum <lb></lb>eſſe ſtatuerunt: vt quarta parte pes antiquus <lb></lb>menſura brachij noſtri minor ſit: ita Gab<lb></lb>bara brachiorum quinque, & trium par<lb></lb>tium è quatuor, ſeu nouem vnciarum, <lb></lb>quæ menſura dupla eſt communi hominum <lb></lb>ætatis huius magnitudini. </s> <s id="s.009194">Vt non abs re <lb></lb>dictum ſit ab illis, hominem tanta magni<lb></lb>tudine neque poſt Claudij tempora, nec <lb></lb>mille annis ante Auguſtum viſum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.009195">An<lb></lb>te autem belli Troiani tempora Aiax Te<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1278"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lamonius ingentis magnitudinis fuit. </s> <s id="s.009196">Re<lb></lb>fert nanque Pauſania, detectum illius mo<lb></lb>numentum inundatione aditu præbente, vi<lb></lb>ſámque genu rotulam diſco Pentathli ado<lb></lb>leſcentis æqualem. </s> <s id="s.009197">Hic autem ambitu capitis <pb pagenum="554" xlink:href="016/01/203.jpg"></pb>humani iuſtæ magnitudinis quum maior ſit, <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt Aiacem Gabbara fuiſſe ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1279"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iorem. </s> <s id="s.009198">Hylli quoque oſſa eadem ætate, quæ <lb></lb>Adriani Imperatoris fuit detecta, adeò gran<lb></lb>dia viſa ſunt, vt non hominis, ſed belluæ <lb></lb>eſſe credita ſint. </s> <s id="s.009199">Hyllus autem Herculis tem<lb></lb>poribus vixit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1280"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009200"><margin.target id="marg1276"></margin.target>Gigantes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009201"><margin.target id="marg1277"></margin.target>Homo ma<lb></lb>gnus noſtra <lb></lb>ætate non <lb></lb>attingit lon<lb></lb>gitudinem <lb></lb>trium bra<lb></lb>chiorum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009202"><margin.target id="marg1278"></margin.target>Aiacis Tela<lb></lb>monij ma<lb></lb>gnitudo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009203"><margin.target id="marg1279"></margin.target>Hylli proce<lb></lb>ritas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009204"><margin.target id="marg1280"></margin.target>Pumillonis <lb></lb>paruitas <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009205">Quod ad pumiliones attinet, anno præ<lb></lb>terito circumferebatur vir perfecta ætate <lb></lb>cubiti longitudine in pſittaci cauea. </s> <s id="s.009206">Sed non <lb></lb>minus gigantum proceritas inutilis eſt ad <lb></lb>animi experimenta, quàm corporis pumi<lb></lb>lionum. <arrow.to.target n="marg1281"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009207"><margin.target id="marg1281"></margin.target>Colanus vri<lb></lb>nator.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009208">Alij ſunt natura non magnitudine rara, <lb></lb>velut Colanus vrinator Cataniæ, quæ vrbs <lb></lb>eſt in Sicilia, ciuis quem conſtat parum an<lb></lb>te noſtram ætatem, imò ætate noſtra flo<lb></lb>ruiſſe. </s> <s id="s.009209">Is ſub aqua ternis, ac quaternis ho<lb></lb>ris velut piſcis latitabat. </s> <s id="s.009210">Nec valde mirum, <lb></lb>cùm in India occidentali nunc paſſim vri<lb></lb>natores margaritarum oſtreis venandis in<lb></lb>tenti, per horam integram ſub aqua lati<arrow.to.target n="marg1282"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tent. </s> <s id="s.009211">Sunt & forma mira, velut Protophanes <lb></lb>Magneſius, qui eadem die lucta, pancratió<lb></lb>que victor in Olympiis euaſit. </s> <s id="s.009212">Huic enim <lb></lb>ſub Adriano, rurſus detecto cadauere, os <lb></lb>vnum perpetuum à iugulo ad ilia coſtarum <lb></lb>loco inuentum eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1283"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009213"><margin.target id="marg1282"></margin.target>Protophanes <lb></lb>forma mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009214"><margin.target id="marg1283"></margin.target>Ariſtomenis <lb></lb>Meſſenij hi<lb></lb>ſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009215">Alij quoque euentu admirabiliores, velut <lb></lb>Ariſtomenis Meſſenij fortuna: hic enim pri<lb></lb>mò in pugna à Lacedæmoniis captus, & <lb></lb>cum cæteris captiuis in Ceadam ( hæc erat <lb></lb>fouea ſub terra profundiſſima)præcipitatus, <lb></lb>cùm duobus diebus cæteris mortuis inter il<lb></lb>los velut mortuus iacuiſſet, reuixit, & vul<lb></lb>pem inſpiciens quæ cadauera deuorabat, il<lb></lb>lius apprehenſa cauda, pallióque obiecto <lb></lb>deductus eſt ad locum per quem ingreſſa <lb></lb>erat vulpes, hic erat foramen anguſtiſſimum, <lb></lb>euaſit que: ac genito filio rurſum captus, ſom<lb></lb>nio puellæ, quam poſtmodum filius in vxo<lb></lb>rem duxit, euaſit. </s> <s id="s.009216">Demum ſuperſtite filio ex <lb></lb>morbo ſenex extinctus eſt, adeò conſtanti <lb></lb>opinione quòd immortalis eſſet, vt Græci <lb></lb>homines poſt multa ſecula & viuere, & vi<lb></lb>deri illum affirmarent. <arrow.to.target n="marg1284"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009217"><margin.target id="marg1284"></margin.target>Homines <lb></lb>abſque cibo <lb></lb>viuentes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009218">Nec minus miraculum Leonardi Piſto<lb></lb>rienſis, qui ſenſim eò ſe traduxit, vt ſemel <lb></lb>tantùm in hebdomada cibum ſumeret. </s> <s id="s.009219">Et <lb></lb>ſub Clemente Pont. </s> <s id="s.009220">eius nominis ſeptimo, <lb></lb>vir Scotius iuuenis, piliſque rubeis, & <lb></lb>( vt videbatur ) habitu piloſo cùm ſponte <lb></lb>ſe obtuliſſet, diebus 11. in cuſtodia habi<lb></lb>tus abſque cibo, alioquin aſſuetus vſque <lb></lb>ad 20. diem: & vſque 30. in eadem ine<lb></lb>dia perſeuerare, miraculi præmium acce<lb></lb>pit. </s> <s id="s.009221">Huius autem cauſas ſuperiùs docui<lb></lb>mus. <arrow.to.target n="marg1285"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009222"><margin.target id="marg1285"></margin.target>Hamar odo<lb></lb>ratu mira<lb></lb>bili.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009223">Quid de Hamar Africano, qui cúm in <lb></lb>ſolitudinibus lippitudine laboraret, arenam <lb></lb>odorans dixit. </s> <s id="s.009224">Iam prope habitata loca ſu<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.009225">Atque ita ab Ægyto millibus paſſuum <lb></lb>480. diſtans, & ab oppidis tribus Berdeam <lb></lb>Libyæ 1000. paſſuum 40. ſenſit habitatio <lb></lb>odorem. </s> <s id="s.009226">Fertur enim calido & ſeruatur ſic<lb></lb>co odore, quamobrem his in regionibus <lb></lb>percipere potuit tetrum odorem, quem <lb></lb>ſordes tum animalium, tum hominum ex<arrow.to.target n="marg1286"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>halant, cùm non minus eſſet odore canis, <lb></lb>quàm colanus piſcis. </s> <s id="s.009227">Sunt & alia monſtris <lb></lb>ſimilia, velut in Caſſena Africæ regione <lb></lb>iuxta Æthiopes, viri labiis ac naſo admo<lb></lb>dum craſſis. </s> <s id="s.009228">Irridebit ignarus naturæ rerum, <lb></lb>qui non viderit Hippocratem Macrocepha<lb></lb>lorum hiſtoriam, cauſáſque narrantem, in <lb></lb>libro de Aëre & aquis. </s> <s id="s.009229">Et nos vidimus Ioan. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1287"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Petrum Boſiſium fabri lignarij vrbe noſtra <lb></lb>filium, qui in parte orientali vrbis iuxta <lb></lb>cœnobium ſeruorum habitabat, liuuenem <lb></lb>annos 20. plúſve natum, cui vngues nun<lb></lb>quam ſecare, aut neceſſe fuit, aut contigit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009230">Conſiderauimus nos rem diligenter, ne for<lb></lb>ſan nobis imponeret, vidimúſque ſummam <lb></lb>digitorum partem adeò carne munitam, vt <lb></lb>nec vngues eſſent neceſſarij, nec opportu<lb></lb>ni. </s> <s id="s.009231">Sed & ipſi vngues breues erant, quaſique <lb></lb>reſecti. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009232"><margin.target id="marg1286"></margin.target>Monſtroſa <lb></lb>forma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009233"><margin.target id="marg1287"></margin.target>Ioan. </s> <s id="s.009234">Petrus <lb></lb>Boſius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009235">Vidimus & filiorum Bernardini Komeri <lb></lb>lignorum mercatoris annorum trium, qui <lb></lb>cùm ex febre & conuulſione conualuiſſet, <lb></lb>tanta ſub femoribus diſtentio, ac palpita<lb></lb>tio relicta eſt, vt immotis pedibus cor<lb></lb>pus perpetuò reſiliret: velut in circula<lb></lb>toribus quibuſdam. </s> <s id="s.009236">Vnde deprehendi eam <lb></lb>quam vocant ſaltationem, morbum eſſe <lb></lb>ac veram: quoniam veræ infantis aſſimi<lb></lb>latur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009237">Præſtiterunt alij forma, vt Cratinus Æ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1288"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ginenſis Achiuus mortalium formoſiſſimus: <lb></lb>poſt quem Alchibiades Athenienſis. </s> <s id="s.009238">Alij <lb></lb>pedum velocitate, vt Corinthius Ladas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009239">Ingenio præſtant Indi Cambaienſes, à qui<lb></lb>bus notæ numerorum ad nos defluxerunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009240">Valent hi plurimùm ſupputandi rationibus: <lb></lb>etenim ingenium Mathematicis, iudicium <lb></lb>Naturalibus, memoria verborum ſerie pro<lb></lb>batur. </s> <s id="s.009241">Poſt Indos Græci, poſt quos Hiſpa<lb></lb>ni, Siculi, Italique. </s> <s id="s.009242">Roboris quoque mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1289"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rabilis experimenta non deſunt. </s> <s id="s.009243">Saltator <lb></lb>quidam geminos in humeris, totidem in <lb></lb>brachiis, vnum in ceruice ferens coram <lb></lb>nobis ſaltabat. </s> <s id="s.009244">Circulator alius lapidem, <lb></lb>quem quatuor homines non ferrent, capil<lb></lb>lis leuabat, altero prius homine, quod ad <lb></lb>alleuiandum pondus faciebat, in humeros <lb></lb>aſſumpto. </s> <s id="s.009245">Idem malum cymbæ, dictu in<lb></lb>credibile, dentibus primò ſuſtinebat: in<lb></lb>de in humerum transferebat, & ex illo in <lb></lb>alterum, nulla adiutus ope manuum, cùm <lb></lb>perpetuò malus erecta ſtaret. </s> <s id="s.009246">Ex antiquis <lb></lb>autem conſtat Martium Romanum ciuem, <lb></lb>fabri filium, ab Hiſpanis legionibus, Sci<lb></lb>pionum loco in ducem, ob robur electum: <lb></lb>ſolitum carra venientia arbori, vel lapi<lb></lb>di innixum remorari. </s> <s id="s.009247">Quemcunque quò <lb></lb>vellet trahere, aut impellere. </s> <s id="s.009248">Digito in<lb></lb>tra pugnum concluſo, vt nodus ſolus pro<lb></lb>mineret, non aliter quàm claua feciſſet, <lb></lb>feriebat hoſtem. </s> <s id="s.009249">Refertur & de Sicinio <lb></lb>dentato. </s> <s id="s.009250">Herculem quoque huiuſmodi ro<lb></lb>bore tum in ſapientia inſigni præditum <lb></lb>fuiſſe conſtat. </s> <s id="s.009251">Hominis autem qui mode<lb></lb>ratam non excedat magnitudinem ſummum <lb></lb>robur eſſe deffinitur, ſi mille librarum <lb></lb>pondus perferat: quod commodiſſimè fiet, <lb></lb>ſi loricam, ocreáſque plumbeas induat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1290"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Hæc cùm mira videantur, quatuor tamen <lb></lb>conſtant, cœli natura, propagatione, vi<lb></lb>ctu, atque arte. </s> <s id="s.009252">Regiones <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dixi ) ma<lb></lb>iores, aliæ minores homines producunt. <pb pagenum="555" xlink:href="016/01/204.jpg"></pb>Pumiliones facere non ſecus, ac meliteos <lb></lb>canes licet: naſcuntur enim ex paruo patre <lb></lb>ac matre, faſciis arctè colligantur, non affa<lb></lb>tim nutriuntur, ſed tenuiter. </s> <s id="s.009253">Atque vtinam <lb></lb>tam vtilis eſſet hæc inuentio, quàm facilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009254">Eadem ratione magni è magnis parentibus <lb></lb>procreantur, exercentur, nutriuntur, affa<lb></lb>tim, faſciis non conſtringantur. </s> <s id="s.009255">Sed fal<lb></lb>lax in magnitudine, non in paruitate, ro<lb></lb>bore, naturâque. </s> <s id="s.009256">Nam ex vrinatoribus vri<lb></lb>natores ſpontè naſcuntur, inde ars & pa<lb></lb>tientia naturam adiuuat: licétque in his <lb></lb>omnibus ſemper augendo procedere, do<lb></lb>nec humana natura patiatur, inde fit re<lb></lb>ditus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1291"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009257"><margin.target id="marg1288"></margin.target>Formoſiſſi<lb></lb>mi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009258">Indi ingenio<lb></lb>ſiſſimi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009259"><margin.target id="marg1289"></margin.target>Roboris ex<lb></lb>perimenta <lb></lb>maxima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009260"><margin.target id="marg1290"></margin.target>Modus pro<lb></lb>creandi ho<lb></lb>mines ma<lb></lb>gnitudine, <lb></lb>aut natura <lb></lb>mirabiles.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009261"><margin.target id="marg1291"></margin.target>Senegæ flu<lb></lb>minis <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009262">Quantum verò regio poſſit, Senegæ flu<lb></lb>men ( ea prouincia eſt in extrema Africæ <lb></lb>parte in occidentali latere<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> oſtendit, vbi qui <lb></lb>citra flumen ad Boream habitant, cinerei <lb></lb>coloris ſunt, & parui corporis: qui verò <lb></lb>vltrà, nigri, procera ſtatura, ac robuſta <lb></lb>ſunt: ſiquidem ea parte regio tota viret, alte<lb></lb>ra ſqualet. <arrow.to.target n="marg1292"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009263"><margin.target id="marg1292"></margin.target>Spurij cur <lb></lb>malorum <lb></lb>morum tres <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009264">Iam verò vt de inſtitutione loquar, illud <lb></lb>videndum cur ſpurij plerunque ſint malo<lb></lb>rum morum, & rarò fructum bonum ferant: <lb></lb>à vilibus enim & ſine moribus mulieribus, <lb></lb>vtpote ancillis, primò generantur. </s> <s id="s.009265">Tum <lb></lb>verò alij à meretricibus impudicis, menda<lb></lb>cibus, guloſis, peruicacibus, cúmque ſe<lb></lb>quantur matrem, tales & ipſi fiunt. </s> <s id="s.009266">Inde ne<lb></lb>gligitur illorum inſtitutio. </s> <s id="s.009267">Pater quoque <lb></lb>plerunque cùm generat, flagitioſo & im<lb></lb>modico amore detinetur. </s> <s id="s.009268">Plus poteſt igitur <lb></lb>matris natura, inde educatio, tertiò patris <arrow.to.target n="marg1293"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>affectus. </s> <s id="s.009269">Vt igitur ſpurij ingenui pudoris <lb></lb>habeantur, non ancillam, aut meretricem, <lb></lb>ſed virginem, pauperem, ſed nobilem elige, <lb></lb>quam bonis moribus, & moderatè inſtitues: <lb></lb>ab hac filios ſi ſuſceperis, & liberaliter edu<lb></lb>caueris, ſimiles legitimis erunt. </s> <s id="s.009270">Nutricem <lb></lb>igitur neque luſcam, neque ebriam, neque <lb></lb>ægram, neque prauorum morum elige: luſ<lb></lb>ca luſcum efficiet infantem, non lacte, ſed <lb></lb>intuitus conſuetudine: ebria conuulſioni il<lb></lb>lum præparat debilitátque, & ebrium, ac <lb></lb>intemperantem faciet: ægra ægrum, inſana <lb></lb>inſanum. </s> <s id="s.009271">Plurimùm poteſt nutrix ad mores, <lb></lb>& corpus formandum, adeò vt quæ nigris <lb></lb>eſt oculis, oculos infantis denigret, etiamſi <lb></lb>alba natura fuerint. </s> <s id="s.009272">Sed & qui cum infante <lb></lb>verſantur, plurimùm faciunt ad morum in<lb></lb>ſtitutionem, & ad oculorum ſitum. </s> <s id="s.009273">Ne igi<lb></lb>tur ſtrabum ſeruum, aut ancillam ei iunxe<lb></lb>ris: quales igitur oculos pueri habere ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1294"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lis, talem elige nutricem. </s> <s id="s.009274">Infante nutrito <lb></lb>hæc quatuor, quæ nulla penitus impenſa <lb></lb>parantur, atque ob id etiam cuilibet pau<lb></lb>peri communia ſunt, habere curabis illum: <lb></lb>Pulchrum nomen, venuſtos mores, corpo<lb></lb>ris agilitatem, & vt ſit ambidexter, quod <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1295"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam Platonis præceptum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009275">Sunt & alia <lb></lb>vtiliora & modico indigentia diſpendio, <lb></lb>ſed tamen non adeò facilia pauperimis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009276">Sunt autem & ipſa quatuor, ars nobilis, <lb></lb>habitare in vrbe, ſcire ſcribere, ac compu<lb></lb>tare. </s> <s id="s.009277">Super omnia, ne fur ſit cauere debes, <lb></lb>hoc autem hac arte paratur: mitte in loca <lb></lb>diuerſa antequam emendi officio illum ad<lb></lb>dicas, obſerua illum peccantem, atque ver<lb></lb>bera indicta cauſa: cùm enim illud ſecum <lb></lb>cogitat, te ſcire quòd ſcire non putarat, ni<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1296"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hil latere te exiſtimabit, atque eo modo <lb></lb>cauebit ne decipiat: emito etiam neceſſaria, <lb></lb>vt non ſit illi opus habere pecunias: dico <lb></lb>autem neceſſaria, omnia quæ illi velis in<lb></lb>dulgere. </s> <s id="s.009278">Hoc modo per artis exercitationem, <lb></lb>deduces ad iuuentutem: tunc homo perfe<lb></lb>cta ætate, ſenſúque, ac corpore, ſuis relin<lb></lb>quendus eſt moribus. </s> <s id="s.009279">Quòd ſi diſpenſatorem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1297"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fraudis coarguere propoſitum ſit, vbi deci<lb></lb>piat te: accepta in ſcriptis ratione finge il<lb></lb>licò amiſiſſe, aliam repoſce, confer inuicem: <lb></lb>& vbi non conuenerint, fraudem ſubeſſe in<lb></lb>telliges. </s> <s id="s.009280">Caue tamen, ne tantum temporis <lb></lb>interponas, quòd ille meritò oblitum ſe poſ<lb></lb>ſit excuſare. </s> <s id="s.009281">Cùm quidam coarguerent de <lb></lb>falſa donatione hominis, qui iam diem ob<lb></lb>iiſſet, inuentis libellis expenſarum defun<lb></lb>cti viri, qui eum alia in ciuitate fuiſſe decla<lb></lb>rabant, cauſa fuerunt ſuperiores. </s> <s id="s.009282">Alij ho<lb></lb>minem ſupponunt, qui ex condicto ven<lb></lb>dit, inde in rationibus pretium requirunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009283">Exigua hæc eſſe videntur & pertrita, ſed non <lb></lb>tam exigua, quin ad compendium rei fami<lb></lb>liaris aliis nobilioribus ſubtilitatibus multò <lb></lb>præferenda non ſint: nam horum aut con<lb></lb>temptu, aut ignoratione etiam opulentiſſi<lb></lb>morum virorum res euerſa eſt: nec tam per<lb></lb>trita, vt non longè plures hæc ignorent, <lb></lb>quàm qui ſe ſcire perſuadeant. </s> <s id="s.009284">Sunt enim <lb></lb>genera horum plurima, ſed de Technis, <lb></lb>peculiarem librum, nec exiguum ſcripſi<lb></lb>mus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009285"><margin.target id="marg1293"></margin.target>Modus pro<lb></lb>creandi ſpu<lb></lb>rios ingenuo<lb></lb>rum morum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009286">Nutricum vi<lb></lb>tia, quæ ma<lb></lb>xime pueris <lb></lb>nocent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009287">Nutrix ocu<lb></lb>lis nigris, ni<lb></lb>gros efficit <lb></lb>infantis ocu<lb></lb>los.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009288"><margin.target id="marg1294"></margin.target>Quatuor <lb></lb>vtilia puero <lb></lb>quæ nulla <lb></lb>parantur im<lb></lb>penſa</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009289"><margin.target id="marg1295"></margin.target>Quatuor <lb></lb>alia puero <lb></lb>valde vtilia, <lb></lb>ſed non adeò <lb></lb>communia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009290"><margin.target id="marg1296"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>prohibere <lb></lb>poſſimus, ne <lb></lb>puer furetur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009291"><margin.target id="marg1297"></margin.target>Diſpenſato<lb></lb>rem fraudu<lb></lb>lentum quo<lb></lb>modo depre<lb></lb>hendes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009292">Corporis perfecti forma humani hæc eſt: <lb></lb>totius longitudinis a capillorum ortu ad <lb></lb>pollicis digiti pedis extremum, facies pars <lb></lb>decima eſt. </s> <s id="s.009293">Hanc per tria æqualia diuidit <lb></lb>ſpatium, quod eſt à naſi ſummo ad capillo<lb></lb>rum originem, & ab illius imo ad men<lb></lb>tum, vt naſus, ſit totius facies pars tertia, <lb></lb>& corporis totius longitudinis trigeſima: <lb></lb>oris diductio, ſeu longitudo ipſa, æqualis <lb></lb>eſt oculorum longitudini, quæ ab angulo <lb></lb>hircqui ad lachrymalem extenditur. </s> <s id="s.009294">Sed <lb></lb>hoc ſpatium æquale eſt interſtitio oculo<lb></lb>rum, vt trifariàm diuiſum ſit, quod eſt <lb></lb>ab hircquo ad hircquum, ſcilicet duobus <lb></lb>oculis, & medio ſpatio intercepto. </s> <s id="s.009295">Hoc to<lb></lb>tum duplum eſt naſi longitudini, vt ſit ocu<lb></lb>li longitudo, vel oris diductio dupla nonæ <lb></lb>parti longitudinis faciei: ob id etiam oculi <lb></lb>longitudini & oris diductioni, naſi longi<lb></lb>tudo ſeſquialtera eſt, quæ cùm ſit tripla ſpa<lb></lb>tio, quòd eſt ab imo naſi ad os, erit hoc <lb></lb>ſpatium dimidium diductionis oris, vel lon<lb></lb>gitudinis oculi. </s> <s id="s.009296">Oris ambitus duplus naſi <lb></lb>longitudini, & triplus diductioni. </s> <s id="s.009297">Totus <lb></lb>igitur faciei longitudo ſeſquialtera eſt oris <lb></lb>ambitu, ſeu ſpatio inter hircquos oculorum <lb></lb>contento: nam hoc ſpatium æquale eſt, <lb></lb>cum oris ambitu. </s> <s id="s.009298">Naſi ambitus in imo quan<lb></lb>ta eius longitudo, longitudo verò naſi æqua<lb></lb>lis auris longitudini, & ambitus auris ip<lb></lb>ſum ambitui. </s> <s id="s.009299">Naris foramen pars eſt quar<lb></lb>ta longitudinis oculi. </s> <s id="s.009300">Sic igitur diſponan<lb></lb>tur: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1298"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009301"><margin.target id="marg1298"></margin.target>Humani cor<lb></lb>poris par<lb></lb>tium propor<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009302">Facies par. </s> <s id="s.009303">18 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009304">Ab hircquo ad hircquum par. </s> <s id="s.009305">12 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009306">Naſi longitudo par. </s> <s id="s.009307">6 </s> </p> <pb pagenum="556" xlink:href="016/01/205.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009308">Naſi ambitus in imo par. </s> <s id="s.009309">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009310">Auris longitudo par. </s> <s id="s.009311">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009312">A capillorum radice ad naſum par. </s> <s id="s.009313">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009314">Naſi imum à mento par. </s> <s id="s.009315">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009316">Oris longitudo par. </s> <s id="s.009317">4 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009318">Oris ambitus par.12 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009319">A vertice ad imas ceruices par.24 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009320">A ſummo pectore ad capillorum ſummas <lb></lb>radices par.30 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009321">A ſumma pectoris, ſeu furcula ad verti<lb></lb>cem par.42 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009322">Auris ambitus par.12 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009323">Oculi longitudo par. </s> <s id="s.009324">4 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009325">Oculorum diſtantia par. </s> <s id="s.009326">4 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009327">A naſi imo ad os par. </s> <s id="s.009328">2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009329">Ab ore ad mentem par. </s> <s id="s.009330">4 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009331">Naſi foramen par. </s> <s id="s.009332">2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009333">Frontis ſummi ambitus par.18 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009334">Palma manus ab articulo vbi iungitur ad <lb></lb>ſummum medij digiti par.18 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009335">A mento ad verticem par.30 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009336">Pes par.20 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009337">Cubitus par.30 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009338">Pectus par.30 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009339">Totum corpus par.180 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009340">Muſculi etiam temporum faciei longitu<lb></lb>dini proportione reſpondent: & naſo aures, <lb></lb>vt obſeruauimus. </s> <s id="s.009341">Ambitus quoque calcis <lb></lb>quà pes flectitur, æqualis eſt circuitui ſuræ: <lb></lb>vnde ocreis menſura. </s> <s id="s.009342">Itámque à manus no<lb></lb>do ad ſummum digiti medij pars decima to<lb></lb>tius longitudinis, à naſi imo ad verticem, <lb></lb>vel à vertice ad imas ceruicis partes duplum <lb></lb>eius ſpatij quod eſt ab hircquo ab hirc<lb></lb>quum. </s> <s id="s.009343">Nam à capillorum radice ad verti<lb></lb>cem, quantum à mento ad ſummum naſi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009344">A furcula pectoris ſuperiore ad radices ca<lb></lb>pillorum, finémque frontis, quantum eſt <lb></lb>cubitus, ſeu latitudo pectoris, id eſt, totius <lb></lb>corporis longitudinis pars ſexta Pedis ve<lb></lb>rò longitudo pars noua totius corporis. </s> <s id="s.009345">Rur<lb></lb>ſus à furcula ſuperiore ad verticem, partes <lb></lb>quadraginta duæ. </s> <s id="s.009346">Sicque apud Vitruuium <arrow.to.target n="marg1299"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>litera debet emendari, cùm conſtare non <lb></lb>poſſit ratio, vt differentia octauæ, & decimæ <lb></lb>partis addita ſextæ, impleat partem quar<lb></lb>tam totius. </s> <s id="s.009347">Expanſis autem manibus altitudo <lb></lb>totius corporis ad vnguem impletur: & ſi <lb></lb>pedes, ac manus diducas, vmbilicus me<lb></lb>dius fiet, vt ex priore figura quadratum, <lb></lb>ex poſteriore circulus, ambæ in ſuo gene<lb></lb>re figurarum perfectiſſimæ, altera rectili<lb></lb>nearum, reliqua obliquarum conſurgant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009348">Tam exacta diligentia in menſuris na<lb></lb>tura vtitur, ſed nec minus in temperatu<lb></lb>ra, ac miſtione: quamobrem nunc de ea di<lb></lb>cere iam tempus eſt, initio à generatione <lb></lb>ipſa ſumpto. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009349"><margin.target id="marg1299"></margin.target>Vitruuij lo<lb></lb>cus emenda<lb></lb>tus.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.205.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/205/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009350"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DVODECIMVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009351"><emph type="center"></emph>De Hominis Natura & <lb></lb>Temperamento.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1300"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009352"><margin.target id="marg1300"></margin.target>Cauſa ſimi<lb></lb>litudinis fi<lb></lb>liorum ad <lb></lb>parentes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009353">CVM ſemen paternum materno <lb></lb>dominatur, filij animo ſimiles ſunt <lb></lb>patri: ſi contrà, matri. </s> <s id="s.009354">Si autem <lb></lb>paternum ſemen ſanguini men<lb></lb>ſtruo imperet, corpori ſimiles patri efficiun<lb></lb>tur: ſi vincatur, matri propter hæc animo <lb></lb>quidem filij patribus ſimiles ſunt, corpore <lb></lb>autem matribus. </s> <s id="s.009355">Sanguis enim menſtruus <lb></lb>potentior eſt, ob <expan abbr="multitudinẽ">multitudinem</expan> paterno ſemi<lb></lb>ne plerunque, velut & illud materno, quod <lb></lb>minus eſt ac tenuius. </s> <s id="s.009356">Eadem ratione in tene<lb></lb>ra ætate matri, cum adoleſcunt, patribus ſi<lb></lb>miles magis efficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.009357">Etenim à calidita<arrow.to.target n="marg1301"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te mares procedunt, à frigore fœmellæ: quo<lb></lb>niam quod perfectum eſt, potentius multi<lb></lb>tudine, aut loci caliditate ſuperat quod eſt <lb></lb>imperfectum. </s> <s id="s.009358">Inde nata ratio maſculos fi<lb></lb>lios procreandi triplex. </s> <s id="s.009359">Prima, vt homo <lb></lb>exerceatur, ſolidioréque vtatur cibo, & rariùs <lb></lb>concumbat: nam ſic ſemen calidius euadit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009360">Secunda, vt mater ſuper latus decumbat <lb></lb>dextrum, & à concubitu illicò ſuper illud <lb></lb>quieſcat. </s> <s id="s.009361">Dixit enim Hippocrates, maſ<lb></lb>culi in dextris, fœminæ in ſiniſtris gene<lb></lb>rantur. </s> <s id="s.009362">Facit & ad hoc herba mercurialis <lb></lb>dicta maſcula, quæ duos quaſi coleos ha<lb></lb>bet pro ſeminibus: nam fœmina racemos, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1302"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>auctore Dioſcoride, à quo <expan abbr="sũpſit">sumpſit</expan> Plinius. </s> <s id="s.009363">Has <lb></lb>ambas in noſtro horto cum Thoma Iſeo Me<lb></lb>dico dum hæc ſcriberem conſiderabam. </s> <s id="s.009364">Ex <lb></lb>ſecunda obſeruatione multi noſtro conſilio <lb></lb>potiti ſunt voto: <expan abbr="tertiã">tertiam</expan> hanc nondum experiri <lb></lb>contigit. </s> <s id="s.009365">Oportet <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>, vt aiunt, nuper purga<lb></lb>tis ex irino ſupponere, & in cibis propinare: <lb></lb>& vbi conceperit, maſculæ folia <expan abbr="edẽda">edenda</expan> dare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009366">Homini verè cùm pauciſſimis animalibus <lb></lb>proprium eſt, toto anno poſſe concumbere: <lb></lb>atque etiam gignere. </s> <s id="s.009367">Et quæ vtero gerunt, <lb></lb>quia os ceruicis vteri ſemper patet, concum<lb></lb>bere poſſunt, & ſi os vteri aperiatur, ſuper<lb></lb>fœtare eas contingit. </s> <s id="s.009368">Ab vnico etiam partu <lb></lb>in perpetuum lactare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009369">Noui mulie<lb></lb>rem quæ ex eodem partu, tres lactauit fra<lb></lb>tres annorum ſex ſpatio. </s> <s id="s.009370">Deterius tamen <lb></lb>lac, quo à partu longius abeſt: nam geſtatio<lb></lb>ne vteri & puerperio ſanguis purgatur. </s> <s id="s.009371">Re<lb></lb>purgatis etiam vaſis, in quibus lac genera<lb></lb>tur, ex noua lactis generatione ipſum ſyn<lb></lb>cerius reddit. </s> <s id="s.009372">Ex vnoquoque enim humo<lb></lb>re qui natura, aut arte ſit, quippiam fecu<lb></lb>lentum relinquitur in vaſis, quod dum ge<lb></lb>neratio illius manet, elui nequit. </s> <s id="s.009373">Gemelli <pb pagenum="557" xlink:href="016/01/206.jpg"></pb>etiam ſimul generantur, & eadem die oriun<lb></lb>tur, teſte Hippocrate. </s> <s id="s.009374">Itaque partis ad par<lb></lb>tem in motu Solis ratio conſtat in vteri ge<lb></lb>ſtatione, cùm dierum numerus idem ſit, ne<lb></lb>que enim alio diei menſura definiri poteſt, <lb></lb>quàm motu Solis in eadem parte: vel quia <lb></lb>natura humana, non vltra diem ferre poteſt <lb></lb>irritata priore partu. </s> <s id="s.009375">Immenſum me æquor <lb></lb>ingredi iam ſentio, de abditis naturæ hu<lb></lb>manæ differentiis dicturus, maſculorum ac <lb></lb>fœminarum, ſenum ac iuuenum, tum gen<lb></lb>tium, atque partium. </s> <s id="s.009376">Siquidem adeò ex his <lb></lb>quædam diſtare videntur, vt non vnius ge<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1303"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>neris eſſe credantur. </s> <s id="s.009377">Numidarum enim ple<lb></lb>rique nunquam manus, aut faciem lauarunt, <lb></lb>à potúque abſtinent aquæ: gladium non <lb></lb>habent, ſed contenti ſunt camelarum lacte, <lb></lb>& iure carnium, adeò ſordido conuictu, <lb></lb>vt nihil à belluis diſtare credas. </s> <s id="s.009378">Quid rudes <lb></lb>hos & agreſtes, cùm lautiſſimis Cambaiæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1304"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>populis, ac ingeniſiſſimis conferes? </s> <s id="s.009379">Senes <lb></lb>his delectantur, quæ paria ſunt ipſis cum <lb></lb>iuuenibus, vt ludo aleæ: non enim vinci <lb></lb>ſtudio iuuenum æquo animo patiuntur: ob <lb></lb>id ſenes mentis exercitationem magis <lb></lb>amant, iuuenes corporis, in cæteris ſtu<lb></lb>dia ex toto diuerſa, imò contraria. </s> <s id="s.009380">Senes, <lb></lb>auari, mœſti, ac timidi ſunt: iuuenes verò <lb></lb>prodigi, alacres, & audaces. </s> <s id="s.009381">Videntur igi<lb></lb>tur ſtudia ætatum diuerſarum non minus <lb></lb>eſſe inuicem contraria, quàm animalium di<lb></lb>uerſæ ſpeciei. </s> <s id="s.009382">Equidem humana natura, vt <lb></lb>& aliàs dictum eſt, vniuerſam rerum om<lb></lb>nium molem videtur amplecti: & in illius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1305"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtructura multa, ac magna latent. </s> <s id="s.009383">Nam ſan<lb></lb>guis menſtruus ex quo coagmentatur, vim <lb></lb>magnam habet. </s> <s id="s.009384">Siquidem mulier dum eo <lb></lb>laborat, ſpecula chalybea ſpiritu inficit ru<lb></lb>bigine, & ſata per quæ vadit, lædit. </s> <s id="s.009385">Sed & <lb></lb>balneum primogeniti filij, vbi illius ſangui<lb></lb>nis ſunt reliquiæ, vt experimento vidi, le<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1306"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>proſos mundat. </s> <s id="s.009386">Cauſa à ſympathia, mea <lb></lb>ſententia quærenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.009387">Corruptior enim <lb></lb>ſanguis per arterias, & venas ingreſſus, <lb></lb>corruptum attrahit. </s> <s id="s.009388">Eſt autem ſanguis qui à <lb></lb>partu effunditur, & potentia qualis noſter, <lb></lb>& corruptior, & viribus adhuc partus, ac <lb></lb>pueri calidior: quocirca vehementer vrget, <lb></lb>& purgat, & extinguit, velut radij Solis <lb></lb>ignis flammam obruunt, & euaneſcere co<lb></lb>gunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1307"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009389"><margin.target id="marg1301"></margin.target>Modus pro<lb></lb>creandi filios <lb></lb>maſculos.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009390"><margin.target id="marg1302"></margin.target>Lib.4.c.183. <lb></lb>Lib.25 c.5.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009391"><margin.target id="marg1303"></margin.target>Numidarum <lb></lb>mores agre<lb></lb>fies.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009392"><margin.target id="marg1304"></margin.target>Senes quibus <lb></lb>ſtudiis ma<lb></lb>ximè gau<lb></lb>deant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009393"><margin.target id="marg1305"></margin.target>Menſtrui <expan abbr="sã-guinis">san<lb></lb>guinis</expan> vires</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009394"><margin.target id="marg1306"></margin.target>Lepræ cura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009395"><margin.target id="marg1307"></margin.target>Filij omnes <lb></lb>patrium, aut <lb></lb>auitum ali<lb></lb>quid <expan abbr="vnguẽ">vnguem</expan> <lb></lb>retinent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009396">Spurij cur ro<lb></lb>buſtiores.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009397">Sed vt ad rem reuertar, oſtendiſſe me ſcio <lb></lb>in ſecundo contradicentium medicorum, <lb></lb>omnes filios patrium aliquid, aut auitum ad <lb></lb>vnguem retinere: dico autem verrucam, <lb></lb>vel cicatricem, vel effigiem, vel mores, <lb></lb>aut manuum lineas. </s> <s id="s.009398">Itaque ſi bene miſ<lb></lb>ceantur hæc ſemina, & ad minimas partes <lb></lb>iungantur, robuſti fœtus euadunt. </s> <s id="s.009399">Quam<lb></lb>obrem ſpurij robuſtiores ſunt, quoniam ob <lb></lb>amoris vehementiam ſemina multum miſ<lb></lb>centur. </s> <s id="s.009400">Simili ratione & qui paucos gene<lb></lb>rant, non enim conueniunt ſemina, in<lb></lb>columiores, & validiores gignunt: quia <lb></lb>quæ non conueniebant, cum miſta ſunt, cau<arrow.to.target n="marg1308"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſam validam miſtionis ſortita ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009401">Eadem <lb></lb>ratione muli longæui magis ſunt equis, & <lb></lb>aſinis, à quibus procreantur: nec quia à <lb></lb>coïtu abſtineant, nam & qui ex eis coëunt, <lb></lb>diu viuunt, & qui à coïtu abſtinent, equi <lb></lb>parum: relinquitur igitur quòd hoc ob va<lb></lb>lidam miſtionem contingat: nam vbi vali<lb></lb>da miſtio, ibi tenuitas ſubſtantiæ: & vbi te<lb></lb>nuis ſubſtantia, ibi & ſolida. </s> <s id="s.009402">Cùm enim <lb></lb>diſſident, quæ miſceri debent, vt attenuen<lb></lb>tur plurimo indigent motu, vnde tenuia & <lb></lb>ſolida euadunt. </s> <s id="s.009403">Hinc fit, vt duo homines <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1309"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eadem temperie præditi, diuerſa ſpatia vitæ <lb></lb>attingant, eodem quamvis vtantur regimi<lb></lb>ne, alter enim in iuuentute, alter valde ſenex <lb></lb>obibit. </s> <s id="s.009404">Nam longiſſimæ vitæ erit, ſi denſa <lb></lb>& ſubtili ſubſtantia conſtet: breuis, ſi ſubti<lb></lb>li & rara: mediocris, ſi craſſa & rara: nam <lb></lb>denſa ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & craſſa conſtare non po<lb></lb>teſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009405"><margin.target id="marg1308"></margin.target>Muli cur <lb></lb>longæui.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009406"><margin.target id="marg1309"></margin.target>Cur duo ho<lb></lb>mines eadem <lb></lb>temperie, & <lb></lb>victu eodem <lb></lb>vtentes, di<lb></lb>uerſa vitæ <lb></lb>ſpatia ſor<lb></lb>tiantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009407">Sunt qui ex dentium forma, vitæ tempo<lb></lb>ra coniectantur. </s> <s id="s.009408">Sed tamen Auguſtus, qui <lb></lb>annis 76. vixit, dentes habuit raros, paruos <lb></lb>& ſcabros, vt oculos ſplendidos, ac vibran<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1310"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tes, quales & Alexandro Magno fuêre, vt <lb></lb>refert Adamantius Sophiſta. </s> <s id="s.009409">Facit & ad vi<lb></lb>tæ longitudinem, atque robur, Veneris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1311"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>paruus vſus: namque plurimùm in ea effun<lb></lb>ditur ex arteriali illo ſanguine, atque puriſ<lb></lb>ſimo ſpiritu, quòd his indigeat generatio, <lb></lb>propter quam Venus ipſa conſtituta eſt: <lb></lb>colliquat etiam corpora, & cerebrum offen<lb></lb>dit, ac neruos, tremulóſque efficit, ſe<lb></lb>nium accelerat & canos oculóſque præcipuè <lb></lb>debilitat. </s> <s id="s.009410">Sed quoniam de ſanguine arteria<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1312"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>li mentio facta eſt, non ignorare decet du<lb></lb>plices in nobis eſſe venas: alias quidem te<lb></lb>nues, & immobiles in ipſa ſuperficie corpo<lb></lb>ris, in quibus ſanguis tepidus ac ruber: alias <lb></lb>verò ſub his craſſas, & pulſantes, in qui<lb></lb>bus ſanguis flauus, ac calidiſſimus contine<lb></lb>tur, qui à corde prouenit, vt primi origo <lb></lb>eſt iecur. </s> <s id="s.009411">Pulſant venæ hæ craſſiores vnà <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1313"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cum corde & æquis temporibus: hôcque <lb></lb>motu calor ipſe naturalis conſeruatur, & <lb></lb>quicquid fuliginoſum collectum fuerit eii<lb></lb>citur. </s> <s id="s.009412">Dum enim dilatantur, refrigeran<lb></lb>tur: dum conſtringuntur, fuligo eiicitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009413">Accendi verò ex motu ipſo calorem, indi<lb></lb>cat pulſus vehemens & reſpirandi deſide<lb></lb>rium, & incendium corporis, & ſudor ma<lb></lb>nans poſt curſum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009414"><margin.target id="marg1310"></margin.target>Auguſti for<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009415"><margin.target id="marg1311"></margin.target>Veneris dam-<lb></lb>na.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009416"><margin.target id="marg1312"></margin.target>Duo genera <lb></lb>in nobis ve<lb></lb>narum & <lb></lb>ſanguinis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009417"><margin.target id="marg1313"></margin.target>Pulſus & <lb></lb>motus cordis <lb></lb>vtilitas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009418">Cur curren<lb></lb>tibus vena<lb></lb>rum pulſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009419">Sed vt ad reſpirationis commoda reuer<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1314"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tar: reſpirant animalia omnia manifeſtè, vel <lb></lb>occultè. </s> <s id="s.009420">In aëre quidem volucres, ſerpen<lb></lb>tes, & quadrupeda: in aqua autem piſces <lb></lb>branchiis calorem ſuum moderantur. </s> <s id="s.009421">Indi<lb></lb>cio eſt, quòd ad aërem tranſlata ſuffocan<lb></lb>tur, vt animalia quadrupeda viciſſim in <lb></lb>aquis. </s> <s id="s.009422">Cancri autem & aqua, & aëre ad <lb></lb>reſpirationem vtuntur, & modicè vtroque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009423">Manifeſtè reſpirant muſcæ, culices, ac <lb></lb>bombyces. </s> <s id="s.009424">Tardigrada vix videas reſpirare, <lb></lb>cancrum, teſtudinem, limacem, ſcara<lb></lb>beum, chamæleonta, ſalama ndram: cauſa eſt <lb></lb>in his, quod vbi motus frequens, ibi reſpira<lb></lb>tio frequens eſt neceſſaria, tum magna: vbi <lb></lb>paruus, nec celer, nec magna. </s> <s id="s.009425">Ob id animalia <lb></lb>magna, quæ parùm & tardè reſpirant, breuis <lb></lb>vitæ ſunt, vt boues: parua enim reſpiratio, <lb></lb>parui coloris eſt indicium, qui magnam <lb></lb>molem diu regere nequit. </s> <s id="s.009426">Signum tamen <lb></lb>maximum vitæ longæuæ eſt, multùm ac tar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1315"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dè creſcere. </s> <s id="s.009427">Huic proximum, parùm & tar<lb></lb>dè. </s> <s id="s.009428">Sed ſi multùm & celeriter, hoc breuis <pb pagenum="558" xlink:href="016/01/207.jpg"></pb>vitæ eſt indicium: parum verò augeri & ce<lb></lb>leriter, breuiſſimæ vitæ eſt argumentum: <lb></lb>nam humidum quod facillimè extenditur, <lb></lb>celeriter etiam conſumitur: quod verò tar<lb></lb>dè conſumitur, pingue eſt ac denſum, & <lb></lb>minimè aqueum, & ob id etiam non faci<lb></lb>lè extenditur. </s> <s id="s.009429">Ob id elephas, inde homo, <lb></lb>pòſt camelus, qui ad centeſimum quando<lb></lb>que annum attingit, vitæ longiſſimæ cen<lb></lb>ſentur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1316"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009430"><margin.target id="marg1314"></margin.target>Reſpiratio<lb></lb>nis varietas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009431"><margin.target id="marg1315"></margin.target>Maximum <lb></lb>ſignum vita <lb></lb>longaus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009432"><margin.target id="marg1316"></margin.target>Longæua vi<lb></lb>ta progenito<lb></lb>rum autoris.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009433">Accepi ex monumentis tabellariorum, <lb></lb>ab ortu abaui mei paterni Aldi, ad hanc <lb></lb>vſque diem 269. annos iam fluxiſſe, vt nul<lb></lb>la familia vitæ longioris in Italia eſſe cre<lb></lb>datur. </s> <s id="s.009434">Contigit & fermè ſimile in mater<lb></lb>no genere, è pro auo enim Aluyſio vſque <lb></lb>ad hanc diem anni fluxere 170. Cauſa lon<lb></lb>gitudinis vitæ in homine eſt calor maximus, <lb></lb>& humidi pinguis abundantia, & tenuitas <lb></lb>ſolida: breuitatis autem, multa reſolutio. <arrow.to.target n="marg1317"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Homo igitur natura calidiſſimus, atque hu<lb></lb>midiſſimus eſt, ob id etiam malorum mo<lb></lb>rum: calore enim euaſit crudele, doloſum, <lb></lb>inconſtans, & iracundum: humido verò flu<lb></lb>xum, enerue, laboris impatiens, & delicia<lb></lb>rum amator, vtroque autem guloſum, ac <lb></lb>libidinoſum. </s> <s id="s.009435">Ob id etiam ſapientes cùm ca<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1318"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lidiſſimi ſint natura, ac humidiſſimi, pro<lb></lb>pterea niſi Philiſophia proficiant, peſſimi <lb></lb>omnium ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009436">Adiuuat ad hæc perpetranda <lb></lb>induſtria, quàm ex ſtudiis acquiſierunt: & <lb></lb>melancholia, quæ reſoluto humore pin<lb></lb>guiore gignitur ex ſuperfluis ſtudiis, atque <lb></lb>vigiliis. </s> <s id="s.009437">Vnde nephanda perpeſſo, egiſſé<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1319"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que ſapientes, nihil aliud eſt dicere, quàm <lb></lb>naturam ſecutos, non profuiſſe illis Philo<lb></lb>ſophiæ ſtudium. </s> <s id="s.009438">Itaque & reſolutio humidi, <lb></lb>vitæ breuitatis cauſa eſt, vt abundantia diu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1320"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>turnitatis. </s> <s id="s.009439">Ea ratione etiam animalia minus <lb></lb>viuunt plantis: nam moueri illa neceſſarium <lb></lb>erat, igitur & habere calorem, qui conſu<lb></lb>meret, calore humidum conſumente (vt di<lb></lb>xi) vita breuior fit. </s> <s id="s.009440">Porrò tenuitas omnibus <lb></lb>rebus ſi ſoliditati iungatur vtilis eſt, iucun<lb></lb>da atque grata: in paruis autem etiam ne<lb></lb>ceſſaria. </s> <s id="s.009441">Apes quia tenui ſubſtantia ſunt, <lb></lb>ideò ſagaciſſimæ & diu viuunt, vt ad <lb></lb>ſeptimum annum. </s> <s id="s.009442">Vnde Virgilius ille Maro: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>—— Neque enim plus ſeptima ducitur æſtas.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009443"><margin.target id="marg1317"></margin.target>Homo cur <lb></lb>malorum <lb></lb>morum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009444"><margin.target id="marg1318"></margin.target><expan abbr="Sapiẽtes">Sapientes</expan> cur <lb></lb>peſſimi viri.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009445"><margin.target id="marg1319"></margin.target><expan abbr="Sapiẽtes">Sapientes</expan> cur <lb></lb><expan abbr="melãcholici">melancholici</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009446"><margin.target id="marg1320"></margin.target>Plantæ aut <lb></lb>animalibus <lb></lb>diuturniores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009447">Subtilitas in <lb></lb>omnibus vti<lb></lb>lis, ſed in <lb></lb>paruis neceſ<lb></lb>ſaria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009448">Vitæ longæ<lb></lb>uæ quorun<lb></lb>dam anima<lb></lb>lium paruo<lb></lb>rum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009449">Hiſtoria de <lb></lb>tenuitate <lb></lb>cadauerum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009450">Formica etiam ipſa diu viuit, ac quan<lb></lb>tum apis. </s> <s id="s.009451">Sunt qui teſtudinis vitam ad ſe<lb></lb>xaginta, atque amplius annos producunt, <lb></lb>argumento quòd multum & tardè creſcant, <lb></lb>quòd ( vt dixi ) argumentum non ſolùm in <lb></lb>hominibus, ſed & animalibus omnibus, & <lb></lb>plantis valet. </s> <s id="s.009452">Hominem igitur inter omnia <lb></lb>eſſe tenuiſſimæ ſubſtantiæ, tum illius adi<lb></lb>pem, oſtendit ſepulchrum Ducis Alexandri <lb></lb>Florentiæ, quod cùm ex candidiſſimo mar<lb></lb>more, craſſóque conſtaret, pinguedine ta<lb></lb>men cadaueris, tranſeunte fœdatum eſt ma<lb></lb>cula tum baſis, decidentibus in eam guttu<lb></lb>lis columnarum. </s> <s id="s.009453">Alphonſi quoque Auali, <lb></lb>quanquam medicamentis plurimis tum ſale, <lb></lb>ac ſabulo ſiccatum eſſet cadauer, pinguedo <lb></lb>tranſmeans plumbum in ſubiectas è loculo <lb></lb>petras decidens eas fœdauit: & tamen mor<lb></lb>tuorum corpora non ſunt tantæ tenuitatis, <lb></lb>quantæ viuentium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009454">Duo igitur dona mortalium præcipua, <lb></lb>diuturnitas atque nobilitas, ab ipſa tenui<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1321"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tate quaſi parente profluunt. </s> <s id="s.009455">Maximè igitur <lb></lb>paratus Veneri inter omnia animantia ter<lb></lb>rena, homo quidem eſt: quia calidiſſimus <lb></lb>eſt, & humidiſſimus: vincitur tamen ab <lb></lb>auibus, quoniam hæ parum admodum emit<lb></lb>tunt ſeminis, etiam pro corporis ratione, & <lb></lb>quia teſtes intus habent. </s> <s id="s.009456">Sapientes autem <lb></lb>ob contemplationem ad Venerem minus <lb></lb>ſunt prompti, quoniam ſpiritus ob ſtudium <lb></lb>reſoluuntur, feruntúrque à corde in contra<lb></lb>riam partem genitalium, ſcilicet verſus ce<lb></lb>rebrum, & ob id, & debiles, ac maximè ſi<lb></lb>bi diſſimiles generant filios. </s> <s id="s.009457">Itaque iuuat <lb></lb>maximè cum pulchris verſari puellis, & hi<lb></lb>ſtoriam legere amatoriam. </s> <s id="s.009458">Quinetiam depi<lb></lb>ctas virgines formoſas habere in cubiculis, <lb></lb>& Venerem nunquam omninò intermitte<lb></lb>re, tum maximè cùm rara ad alleuandum <lb></lb>curas nihil ſit melius: balnea etiam his qui <lb></lb>ob texturæ laxitatem nimis reſoluuntur, <lb></lb>ſunt vtilia. </s> <s id="s.009459">Verùm erectio ipſa virgæ à fla<lb></lb>tu craſſiore fit, & quandoque dum detru<lb></lb>ditur ob alacritatem, aut commiſeratione <lb></lb>virga erigitur. </s> <s id="s.009460">Quibuſdam dum ſuſpende<lb></lb>rentur membrum tendi videbam, eſtque <lb></lb>hoc genus conuulſionis. </s> <s id="s.009461">Imaginatio etiam <lb></lb>doloris alieni, in aliquibus ſuſcitat Vene<lb></lb>rem, adeò quòd ( vt refert Ioannes Miran<lb></lb>dula ) quidam non arrigebat niſi vapularet, <lb></lb>multi niſi verberarent. </s> <s id="s.009462">Alij etiam dum eru<lb></lb>beſcunt, aut timent, à Veneris vſu prohi<lb></lb>bentur, & ſe veneficiis petitos exiſtimant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009463">Multa ſunt quæ huic malo occurrere cre<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1322"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>duntur: & formicæ volantes oleo ſambuci<lb></lb>no <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dicunt ) exceptæ & membro virili <lb></lb>illitæ: tum multa alia, de quibus dictum <lb></lb>eſt, dicetúrque inferiùs, quæ ad imagina<lb></lb>tionem & medicamenta pertinent. </s> <s id="s.009464">Sed qua<lb></lb>lis plenitudini venæ ſectio, & lauacrum laſ<lb></lb>ſitudini, talis concubitus mulieris ſupino <lb></lb>viro ad eos, qui faſcinati eſſe creduntur: <lb></lb>cùm enim à propriis vinculis membrum ad <lb></lb>ventrem trahatur ſupino homini ſi mulier <lb></lb>ſuperſtet, neque ob vincula penis cadere <lb></lb>poteſt, nec retrahi ad ventrem, cùm in vul<lb></lb>ua contineatur: cogitur igitur ſemen red<lb></lb>dere, quo excuſſo ſenſim aſſueſcit pronus <lb></lb>vir decumbere. </s> <s id="s.009465">Venus enim conſuetudine <lb></lb>conſtat, ob id à conſuetis mulieribus prohi<lb></lb>bere difficile eſt. </s> <s id="s.009466">Prohibentur à virginibus, <lb></lb>quibus cum conſuetudo non intercedit, ob <lb></lb>idque negant afferre auxilium. </s> <s id="s.009467">Ob id etiam <lb></lb>aſſidua vtentes Venere non intercipiun<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009468"><margin.target id="marg1321"></margin.target>Diuturnitas <lb></lb>& nobilitas, <lb></lb>duo morta<lb></lb>lium dona <lb></lb>præcipua. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009469">Homo cur <lb></lb>ſalaciſſimus <lb></lb>animalium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009470">Sapientes <lb></lb>cur ad Ve<lb></lb>nerem exci<lb></lb>tentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009471"><margin.target id="marg1322"></margin.target>Eorum qui <lb></lb>Venere vti <lb></lb>nequeunt, <lb></lb>cura.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009472">Teſtium verò auulſio Venerem omninò <lb></lb>extinguit & tollit. </s> <s id="s.009473">Præter id quoque calui<lb></lb>tium prohibet, & barbam naſci, contra<lb></lb>rios formè affectus producendo: tuetur & <lb></lb>hominem à podagra. </s> <s id="s.009474">Si autem caluitium, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1323"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aut caſus capillorum, pilorúmve alia ratio<lb></lb>ne contingat, oleum tartari optimè medetur, <lb></lb>& cadentes reſtituit, & qui non nati ſunt, <lb></lb>naſci facit. </s> <s id="s.009475">Itaque nihil ſine ratione à natura <lb></lb>factum eſt, cùm calor ſit ille qui pilos euocat: <lb></lb>hoc verò oleum tenuiſſimum eſt, calidum non <lb></lb>parum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009476"><margin.target id="marg1323"></margin.target>Ad caſum <lb></lb>pilorum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009477">Sed & ob calorem, & humorem grauem <lb></lb>eſſe oportuit: & ob id ſine alis: neque enim <pb pagenum="559" xlink:href="016/01/208.jpg"></pb>volare potuiſſet: brachiis autem impe<lb></lb>dimento fuiſſent: quatuor igitur pedibus <lb></lb>erat opus, ſed pronus fuiſſet capite: vt <lb></lb>igitur geminis tantùm ſtaret cruribus, & <lb></lb>erectus, & ſine auxilio, maximis ac lon<lb></lb>giſſimis pedibus opus fuit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009478">Ideoque nullum animal maiores homi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1324"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne pedes habet. </s> <s id="s.009479">Eadem ratio & reliquo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.009480">Sed cùm de his Galenus abundè <lb></lb>ſcripſerit in libris de vſu partium, non <lb></lb>eſt cur repetam, quæ ab illo bene dicta <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009481">Illud ſolùm animaduertere decet, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1325"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>adeò ſubtiliter elaboratus eſſe hominis par<lb></lb>tes, vt ſi dentes ſuperiores paululùm intus <lb></lb>flectantur, celerrimè cadant: ſi extrà, ce<lb></lb>leriter, ſed non adeò: nam loquendo, <lb></lb>edendoque: cùm non rectè ſibi inuicem <lb></lb>occurrant, mutuò ſe debilitant, atque in<lb></lb>de cadunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1326"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009482"><margin.target id="marg1324"></margin.target>Homini cur <lb></lb>maximi pe<lb></lb>des.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009483"><margin.target id="marg1325"></margin.target>Dentium ra<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009484"><margin.target id="marg1326"></margin.target>M. </s> <s id="s.009485">Antonij <lb></lb>Maioragij <lb></lb>caſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009486">Ita contigit M. </s> <s id="s.009487">Antonio Maioragio amico <lb></lb>noſtro, viro certè erudiſſimo & diſertiſſimo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009488">Structura verò ęqualis <expan abbr="dẽtium">dentium</expan> ad <expan abbr="loquendũ">loquendum</expan>, <lb></lb>vt eſt vtiliſſima ita ad ſecandum non proba<lb></lb>tur: nam canes, lupique inæquales, ac ad <lb></lb>modum ſerræ diſpoſitos habent. </s> <s id="s.009489">Meliùs <lb></lb>etiam hærent hi inuicem, & reliquias ci<lb></lb>borum non adeò retinent. </s> <s id="s.009490">Itaque Indorum <lb></lb>populi quidam, quibus non adeò curæ eſt <lb></lb>explicata loquendi ratio, vt dentibus com<lb></lb>modiùs vtantur, eos lima ſerræ in modum <lb></lb>aptant Magis enim hærent in radice, cùm <lb></lb>in ſummitate non coierint. </s> <s id="s.009491">Quæ enim ab <lb></lb>vno latere coëunt, ab altero faciliùs diſiun<lb></lb>guntur. </s> <s id="s.009492">Sed ſi obliqui haud coëant non <lb></lb>ſecus, ac excuſſo prorſus dente, ſermo<lb></lb>nem blæſum efficiunt. </s> <s id="s.009493">Naſcuntur in ſene<lb></lb>cta etiam dentes, ſeriuſque quàm quis <lb></lb>exiſtimet: ſed pro miraculis, non pro re<lb></lb>gula, talia habenda ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009494">Vidi enim Ianuæ <arrow.to.target n="marg1327"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Antonium Benzum ex oppido portus Mau<lb></lb>ricij, annum agentem 34. pallidum, barba <lb></lb>rara, pingui habitu, è cuius mamillis lactis <lb></lb>tantum profluebat, vt infantem fermè la<lb></lb>ctare potuiſſet: nec ſolùm effluebat, ſed <lb></lb>impulſu ferebatur. </s> <s id="s.009495">Miles hic erat, & non <lb></lb>leuia tota vita paſſus incommoda. </s> <s id="s.009496">In in<lb></lb>fantibus hoc admiratione dignum non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009497">Nuper Martino Borglino amico noſtro, <lb></lb>vxor iam quindecim annis ſterilis filium <lb></lb>enixa eſt, qui primo menſe, & lac emiſit è <lb></lb>papillis copioſum, & mammæ intumue<lb></lb>runt, atque obduruerunt adeò, vt obſte<lb></lb>trices adhibitis repellentibus, vomitum <lb></lb>lactis non curato priore affectu excita<lb></lb>rint. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009498"><margin.target id="marg1327"></margin.target>Vir lac co<lb></lb>pioſum <expan abbr="edẽs">edens</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009499">Sed vt ad hominis reuertar compoſitio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1328"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nem, os capitis è pluribus fruſtis conſtare <lb></lb>neceſſe fuit, vt tutius eſſet: nam parte <lb></lb>fracta non eſt neceſſe totum vitiari, vt ve<lb></lb>næ, arteriaque ingredi commodiùs poſſent, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1329"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>egredique excrementa fuliginoſa. </s> <s id="s.009500">Suturis <lb></lb>tenuiſſimis partes eius iunxit, vt firmius <lb></lb>continerentur, vt calor cerebri non euaneſ<lb></lb>ceret, vt frigori aditus minus pateret, vt <lb></lb>firmius membranæ illis hærerent: & quan<lb></lb>quam ſuturæ tenues eſſent, oſſa tamen non <lb></lb>parum craſſa ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009501">Si tamen præter modum <lb></lb>oſſa capitis craſſa fuerint, indociles, & pa<lb></lb>rum à feris abhorrentes, ac obliuioſos oſten<lb></lb>dunt: talia ſunt Indis Hiſpaniolæ, vt Gon<lb></lb>zalus Fernandus Ouiedus refert, atque adeò <lb></lb>dura, vt conſenſu inter Hiſpanos conuene<lb></lb>rit, non eſſe ferienda capita, tametſi nu<lb></lb>do Indorum, quòd enſes frangantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009502"><margin.target id="marg1328"></margin.target>Os capitis <lb></lb>cur è pluri<lb></lb>bus fruſtis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009503"><margin.target id="marg1329"></margin.target>Capitis ſu<lb></lb>turæ qua<lb></lb>tuor cauſis <lb></lb>tenuiſſimæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009504">Oſſa capitis <lb></lb>craſſa & du<lb></lb>ra quid ſi<lb></lb>gnificent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009505">Indi capita <lb></lb>habent du<lb></lb>viſſima.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009506">Simile ſe obſeruaſſe refert Herodotus in <lb></lb>capitibus Ægyptiorum: cùm enim deraſa, & <lb></lb>detecta Soli, ac pluuiis expoſita ſint, obdu<lb></lb>reſcunt: quod etiam in noſtris regionibus <lb></lb>contingit. </s> <s id="s.009507">Calor enim vehemens, præſertim <lb></lb>non deficiens materia hoc poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009508">Vnde ne<lb></lb>facilè tales calueſcunt, aut caneſcunt: cutis <lb></lb>enim denſior & calor melius humido domi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1330"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>natur. </s> <s id="s.009509">Oſſa quoque duriore & membranas <lb></lb>duriores habent, & cerebri ſubſtantiam, <lb></lb>quamobrem ſtolidi, & obliuioſi, & indoci<lb></lb>les, maiore ex parte ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009510">Nam capitis mem<lb></lb>brana, quæ cerebrum circumambit, te<lb></lb>nuiſſima in moderatis neceſſariò eſt, ne ce<lb></lb>rebrum grauitate lædat, & eò durior, vt <lb></lb>dilabi ſubſtantiam in concuſſionibus illius <lb></lb>non patiatur. </s> <s id="s.009511">Nec craſſa eſſe poteſt abſque <lb></lb>cerebri iactura, ni & cerebrum ipſum craſ<lb></lb>ſius iuſto ſit. </s> <s id="s.009512">Atque illi membrana alia cir<lb></lb>cumponitur, cùm grauare cerebrum non <lb></lb>poſſet, quòd ab oſſe ſuſpendatur, nec cere<lb></lb>brum ipſum tangat, non ſolùm dura, ſed <lb></lb>etiam craſſa facta eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009513"><margin.target id="marg1330"></margin.target>Membrana <lb></lb>cerebricus <lb></lb>tenuiſſima <lb></lb>ſit, atque <lb></lb>duriſſima.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009514">Similis cura etiam vſque ad capillos per<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1331"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uenit: cùm enim oporteret tegi caput, <expan abbr="quo-niã">quo<lb></lb>niam</expan> carne careret; leuiſſimo & tutiſſimo ve<lb></lb>lamine capillos excogitauit, fecitque vt ma<lb></lb>ximè creſcerent, cùm in aliis partibus nul<lb></lb>lo auxilio longi poſſint euadere: qua in par<lb></lb>te & pulcritudini conſuluit, adeò vt non <lb></lb>ſolùm in mulieribus, ſed etiam pueris, <lb></lb>quos in deliciis habebant veteres, potio<lb></lb>rem in illis pulchritudinis partem colloca<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.009515">Præcipui igitur aurei, ſplendenteſ<lb></lb>que quos conſtat eſſe tenuiſſimos, ac venu<lb></lb>ſtiſſimos: nam nigri quanto à coloris gratia <lb></lb>degenerant, etiam eò craſſiores ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009516">Sed <lb></lb>cùm multa tenuitatis experimenta in homi<lb></lb>ne natura oſtenderit, nihil tamen ad eam <lb></lb>ſubtilitatis rationem, quæ in facie vide<lb></lb>tur accedit. </s> <s id="s.009517">Ex qua duo miracula pendent: <lb></lb>vnum, quòd in tam magno hominum nu<lb></lb>mero, tamque paruo humanæ faciei ſpatio <lb></lb>adeò omnes inter ſe diſtinguantur, vt non <lb></lb>ſolùm duo ſimiles eſſe non poſſint, ſed etiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1332"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>à notis dignoſcantur: alterum, quòd tam <lb></lb>parua parte tantam, quandoque pulchritu<lb></lb>dinem humano corpori affinxerit, vt pro <lb></lb>illa ſpontè mori cupiamus, & non viſæ <lb></lb>ampliùs formæ ſtimulis ad inſaniam vſque <lb></lb>agitemur: quandoque tantam adiicit turpi<lb></lb>tudinem, vt vel ſola memoria nauſeam, & <lb></lb>abominationem exſuſcitet. </s> <s id="s.009518">Quamvis in vtra<lb></lb>que ſtructura oculorum, naſi, oris, den<lb></lb>tium, frontis, genarumque haud ſit oblita. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009519">Accedit tertium huius partis, & ipſum in<lb></lb>gens ſolertis naturæ argumentum, quòd tam <lb></lb>paruis illius mutationibus læti, ac triſtis, au<lb></lb>dentis, ac timentis irati ac miſerentis, aman<lb></lb>tis, & odio habentis, ſperantis, & eſperantis <lb></lb>ſani, ægri, morientis, infinitorumque tum <lb></lb>animi, tum corporis affectuum aliorum, diſ<lb></lb>crimina ac ſpecies appareant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1333"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009520"><margin.target id="marg1331"></margin.target>Capilli cur <lb></lb>tenues.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009521"><margin.target id="marg1332"></margin.target>Tria maxi<lb></lb>ma humana <lb></lb>faciei mira<lb></lb>cula.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009522"><margin.target id="marg1333"></margin.target>Quid intus <lb></lb>admirabi<lb></lb>lius in hu<lb></lb>mano corpo<lb></lb>re.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009523">Iam verò intus aliud eſt miræ ſubtilitatis, <lb></lb>ac induſtriæ naturæ argumentum, ſeptum <lb></lb>ſcilicet pulmonis, quo aſpera à venali arte-</s> </p> <pb pagenum="560" xlink:href="016/01/209.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009524"><arrow.to.target n="marg1334"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ria diſiungitur: nam aër libere perpetuò <lb></lb>permeat inſpirando, expirandoque, ſangui<lb></lb>ni verò tenuiſſimo, & in venali arteria con<lb></lb>cluſo nullus patet exitus. </s> <s id="s.009525">Vnde mirum eſt, <lb></lb>quonam pacto Galenus dicere auſus ſit, <lb></lb>ſpiritus tenuiores eſſe vaporibus, cùm libe<lb></lb>rè vapores extrà ferantur, intus manentibus <lb></lb>ſpiritibus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009526"><margin.target id="marg1334"></margin.target>Lib.3.de fa<lb></lb>cult.nat.cap. <lb></lb>14 in princi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009527">pio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009528">Ordo <expan abbr="partiũ">partium</expan> <lb></lb>humani cor<lb></lb>poris in te<lb></lb>nuitate.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009529">Ordo itaque partium humani corporis <lb></lb>hic erit: Tenuiſſima pars totius eſt ſpiri<lb></lb>tus, inde bilis, pòſt adeps, inde medulla, <lb></lb>pòſt arteriarum ſanguis, inde lac, pòſt ve<lb></lb>narum ſanguis, inde atra bilis, pòſt pituita, <lb></lb>melancholia, cerebrum, pulmo, caro, lien, <lb></lb>iecur, venæ, arteriæ, nerui, membranæ, li<lb></lb>gamenta, cartilagines, oſſa verò craſſiſſima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009530">Inter meatus autem anguſtiſſimi ſunt, qui <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dictum eſt ) ex arteria in venalem ten<lb></lb>dunt, pòſt qui ex dextro in ſiniſtrum cor<lb></lb>dis ventriculum tranſeunt per ſeptum. </s> <s id="s.009531">In<lb></lb>de vbi rami venæ portæ, ramis venæ cauæ, <lb></lb>in ambitu iecoris iunguntur. </s> <s id="s.009532">Horum nul<lb></lb>lus oculis patet, ſed ſola ratione inuenti <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009533">Pòſt qui è venis in arterias proce<lb></lb>dunt, pòſt oſſium, inde curis, qui viſui <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1335"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſunt manifeſti, & per quos pili prodeunt: <lb></lb>quos etiam Græco nomine poros ſolemus <lb></lb>appellare. </s> <s id="s.009534">Horum tamen tanta eſt neceſſi<lb></lb>tas, vt ſi aſtricti obſtructiue ſint, febris in<lb></lb>uadat. </s> <s id="s.009535">Per hos halitus perpetuò tranſeunt, <lb></lb>ſæpe etiam ſudor, nonnunquam etiam ſan<lb></lb>guis, vnde ſudor ſanguineus, cùm præ <lb></lb>moleſtia animi tenuis ſanguis igneo calore <lb></lb>extenuatus exprimitur: quanquam Ariſto<lb></lb>teles, in tertio de Partibus animalium, hoc <lb></lb>ad crudelitatem referat. </s> <s id="s.009536">Sunt & ſeptimo <lb></lb>loco fines venarum, & arteriarum, per quos <lb></lb>ſanguis ipſe in membrorum ſolidam ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiam tranſit. </s> <s id="s.009537">Commune autem eſt quin<lb></lb>que illis tranſmutationibus, per quas in <lb></lb>rorem, inde in concaua membrorum tra<lb></lb>ducitur, pòſt apponitur, iungitur, aſſimila<lb></lb>tur, vt pars impurior ſeparetur, reliquum <lb></lb>autem tenuius, ac denſius, eouſque redda<lb></lb>tur, donec ad membrorum ſubſtantiam per<lb></lb>ueniat. </s> <s id="s.009538">Sed vt paucitas ſanguinis non rectè <lb></lb>vires, & corpus alit, ita multitudo etiam eſt <lb></lb>oneroſa, tum per ſe, tum quòd indicet cor<lb></lb>pus non nutriri, quòd ſanguinem plurimum <lb></lb>excrementoſum etiam eſſe neceſſe ſit. </s> <s id="s.009539">Cùm <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1336"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verò ſanguis alit corpus, extenuantur venæ, <lb></lb>& corpus augetur. </s> <s id="s.009540">In ſenio ſaltem caro <lb></lb>poteſt reſtaurari, in iuuentute verò ſolida <lb></lb>etiam ipſa. </s> <s id="s.009541">Augetur igitur animal & plan<lb></lb>ta, nam eadem in vtriſque augmenti ratio, <lb></lb>cùm ſit opus naturæ, dum extendi poteſt <lb></lb>quod augetur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009542"><margin.target id="marg1335"></margin.target>Cauſa ſan<lb></lb>guinei ſudo<lb></lb>ris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009543"><margin.target id="marg1336"></margin.target>Cur ſangui<lb></lb>ne creſcente <lb></lb>virtus non <lb></lb>augeatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009544">Infine libel<lb></lb>li de miſtio<lb></lb>ne. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009545">Modus quo <lb></lb>res <expan abbr="augẽtur">augentur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009546">Modus verò quo augetur vnumquodque, <lb></lb>vt rectè Alexander explicauit, talis eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009547">Finge oui corticem teneriorem ali eo quod <lb></lb>intus continetur, manebit quidem forma, <lb></lb>materia autem mutabitur. </s> <s id="s.009548">Sic omnis caui<lb></lb>tas, quæ in corpore eſt quum plena ſit ſuc<lb></lb>co, extenditur manente forma: quare aug<lb></lb>mentum ſecundum formam eſt, nam illa <lb></lb>manet, non ſecundum materiam, quæ illi <lb></lb>perpetuò adiicitur: quòd enim augetur: <lb></lb>aut nutritur, manere oportet: atque in hoc <lb></lb>iſta differunt à generatione. </s> <s id="s.009549">In omni igitur <lb></lb>adiectione quæ corpori fit, ſeparatur pars <lb></lb>aliqua, reliquum attenuatur ac denſatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009550">Quòd etiam fit in generatione ſeminis, ac <lb></lb>lactis, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009551">Porrò lac denſum eſt, ac tenue, ob idque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1337"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>probè cùm dulce etiam ſit, ſi quid aliud nu<lb></lb>trit, vnde etiam vitæ diuturnitati maximè <lb></lb>confert: pòſt oleum, & mel: nec minus il<lb></lb>lis eſt vtile, ſed periculoſius ne concreſcat, <lb></lb>propterea recens ſolùm, & capris herbas <lb></lb>tenues paſcentibus, ac iunioribus ſumendum, <lb></lb>ſtatimque à mulctra bibendum manè, ac <lb></lb>quieſcendum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009552"><margin.target id="marg1337"></margin.target>Lactis vſus <lb></lb>ad vitæ lon<lb></lb>gitudinem <lb></lb>vtilis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009553">Dubitabit autem aliquis, cur denſiora te<lb></lb>nuiora? </s> <s id="s.009554">Seu ratio haud obſcura eſt: tenuia <lb></lb>probè cohærent, nec rimas aut fiſtulas admit<lb></lb>tunt, ob id denſa redduntur. </s> <s id="s.009555">Concoctio igi<lb></lb>tur, quæ excrementa ſeparat, attenuat, ac <lb></lb>condenſati, modoque grauius, modò leuius <lb></lb>efficit: vbi parum, aut nihil ſeparat, gra<lb></lb>uius reddit, vt in fructibus, qui maturi gra<lb></lb>uiores fiunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009556">Eſt etiam longitudinis vitæ, vt ad rem re<lb></lb>uertar, de qua primò tractabamus, cauſa <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) ex materiæ denſitate: proxima il<lb></lb>li ex vitæ auxiliis; tum regimine: quartus lo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1338"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cus eſt multitudini pinguis humidi: vltimus <lb></lb>aëri relictus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009557">Britannia ad centeſimum <lb></lb>vigeſimum annum vitam producit homi<lb></lb>num. </s> <s id="s.009558">Verùm in India longè diutiùs viuunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009559">Refert enim Nicolaus Comes Venetus, dum <lb></lb>eſſet iuxta oppidum Luſitanorum in litto<lb></lb>re Rubri maris, anno ſalutis 1539. perdu<lb></lb>ctum ad Turcarum exercitus Ducem, quem <lb></lb>Baſſa propria lingua appellant, indigenam <lb></lb>virum, qui omnium accolarum teſtimonio, <lb></lb>annum 300. ſuperauerat. </s> <s id="s.009560">Non tamen ſem<lb></lb>per, nec vbique in India tam diuturnam <lb></lb>vitam inuenire licebit. </s> <s id="s.009561">Quærenda igitur ta<lb></lb>lium hiſtoria, ac ex hiſtoria ratio. </s> <s id="s.009562">Locus il<lb></lb>le calidus, ideoque tenuem habet aërem & <lb></lb>purum, propter ventos, cùm in littore ma<lb></lb>ris ſit: ob aquas etiam minimè ſiccus. </s> <s id="s.009563">Vi<lb></lb>ctus autem ob idolorum cultum, abſque <lb></lb>vino, carnibuſque, præcipuè vaccinis, ex <lb></lb>fructibus conſtat ob cœli temperiem præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſimis, ſaccaroque. </s> <s id="s.009564">Inde longa tempo<lb></lb>rum ſerie ac generationum, ſenſim aucta vi<lb></lb>tæ ſpacia, primùm quidem ad centum vſque <lb></lb>annos, inde 120. & 150. & 170. ducentoſ<lb></lb>que tandem proxima extremo termino vl<lb></lb>tra 300. conſtitit, quemadmodum & mor<lb></lb>tales res omnes. </s> <s id="s.009565">Diximus enim longa pro<lb></lb>pagatione omnia mutari in melius, vel de<lb></lb>terius: ſic enim fiunt pulchri, magni, parui, <lb></lb>microphthalmi, quemadmodum incolæ re<lb></lb>gionis Chinæ: fortes vt mulieres Tarnaffati <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ea Indiæ quoque regio eſt ) quæ præter id <lb></lb>quòd in coniugis morte gentis ſuæ more in <lb></lb>ignem ſe præcipitent, dum de amatore lo<lb></lb>quuntur, immoto vultu linteum oleo ma<lb></lb>defactum accenſumque ſuper nudum bra<lb></lb>chium ardere ſuſtinent, nec cœptum ob id <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1339"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſermonem turbant. </s> <s id="s.009566">Hæc conſtantia non <lb></lb>more, non regione, ſed durata per multas <lb></lb>progenies contumacia aduerſus tormenta <lb></lb>adoleuit, vt infirmiſſimus ſexus maiora edat <lb></lb>fortitudinis exempla, quàm quæ miramur <lb></lb>in vno Mutio Scæuola Romano: tantùm <lb></lb>poteſt quod difficillimè paratur. </s> <s id="s.009567">Atque vt <lb></lb>ille dicebat decrepito palmas ſerenti. </s> <s id="s.009568">Cui <pb pagenum="561" xlink:href="016/01/210.jpg"></pb>vel quibus ſeris? </s> <s id="s.009569">an pronepotibus? </s> <s id="s.009570">ob id <lb></lb>ceſſarunt ſtudia maiorum rerum. </s> <s id="s.009571">Itaque ſi <lb></lb>vel cibo, vel regione tantum vitæ ſpatium <lb></lb>quæras, fruſtra egeris. </s> <s id="s.009572">Nec filio: ſed ſi per<lb></lb>ſeueres, pronepotibus eueniet. </s> <s id="s.009573">Cibos dixi<lb></lb>mus & vitæ auxilia hoc in libro, tum aliis <lb></lb>pluribus. </s> <s id="s.009574">Solida ſubſtantia cibis & exerci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1340"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tatione paratur, vt multitudo pinguioris <lb></lb>humidi. </s> <s id="s.009575">Sed de aëre dubitatio non leuis ſu<lb></lb>pereſt, tenuiſne aër an craſſus magis ad vitæ <lb></lb>longitudinem conducat. </s> <s id="s.009576">Craſſior enim qui<lb></lb>buſdam videtur: quoniam qui iuxta mare, <lb></lb>mare autem humidum, humidum autem <lb></lb>craſſum. </s> <s id="s.009577">Videtur etiam minus atterere quod <lb></lb>craſſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009578">Sed ſi rectè conſideramus, quæ<lb></lb>cunque viuunt in tenuiore elemento, ſunt <lb></lb>viuaciora, vt piſces vermibus, animalia ter<lb></lb>reſtria piſcibus, aues terreſtribus quadrupe<lb></lb>dibus, quia in puriore degunt aëre aues, <lb></lb>quàm quadrupedia. </s> <s id="s.009579">Minimam enim vitam <lb></lb>vermes viuunt, qui in terra viuunt, & ab <lb></lb>humido ſolùm terræ refrigerantur. </s> <s id="s.009580">Talpæ <lb></lb>enim, quemadmodum aliàs dixi, non in <lb></lb>terra, ſed ſub terra viuunt. </s> <s id="s.009581">Ob id igitur <lb></lb>tenuiſſimo aëre vita longiſſima: nihil enim <lb></lb>notatu dignum talis aër exedit. </s> <s id="s.009582">Qua de cau<lb></lb>ſa ſi qua in æthere viuunt, tamdiu viuunt, <lb></lb>vt æterna dici poſſint. </s> <s id="s.009583">Sunt & qui vitam ſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1341"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne incommodo trahunt, vſque ad extremum <lb></lb>ſenium, qualem fuiſſe Laurentium Bonin <lb></lb>contrium, cuius liber Aſtronomicus manu <lb></lb>ſcriptus apud me extat, Lippus Brandoli<lb></lb>nus in libello de Vitæ humanæ conditione <lb></lb>refert: octogenarium enim adeò integra <lb></lb>memoria vſum, vt quæcunque illi puero <lb></lb>contigiſſent, & quæ in iuuenta legiſſet, adeò <lb></lb>memoriter teneret, vt eadem die viſa, aut <lb></lb>lecta crederes. </s> <s id="s.009584">Summum igitur auxilium, <lb></lb>non ſolùm ad vitæ longitudinem, ſed ad vi<lb></lb>tanda ſenij incommoda ſunt, victus mode<lb></lb>ratus, expers crapulæ: vini potentioris. </s> <s id="s.009585">Ve<lb></lb>neriſque, tum mens læta, & ſomnus proli<lb></lb>xus, cùm exercitatione: non medicamen<lb></lb>tis, non venæ ſectione vtaris. </s> <s id="s.009586">Aër quidem <lb></lb>purus, ac perflatus, humiduſque, ac qui <lb></lb>ventis ex Oriente agitatur, optimus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009587">Bri<lb></lb>tannia humidum habet aërem <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> tepidum, <lb></lb>ac putredini ob ſalſedinem minimè <expan abbr="obnoxiũ">obnoxium</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009588">Victus verò ratio ex lacte, diuturnitati vi<lb></lb>tæ maximè conducit: ſcripſit enim Hippo<lb></lb>crates, imbecilliores cibi breuem vitam fa<lb></lb>ciunt. </s> <s id="s.009589">Quicunque igitur denſiores ſunt, diu<lb></lb>tius viuunt ac denſitati huic non mollities, <lb></lb>ſed laxitas opponitur. </s> <s id="s.009590">Molles igitur etiam <lb></lb>longæuæ vitæ eſſe poſſunt, laxi vix, aut non <lb></lb>ſine magnis incommodis: quippe mollitiem <lb></lb>effugere non licebat homini, laxitatem li<lb></lb>cuit. </s> <s id="s.009591">Nam præter id quòd homo humidiſſi<lb></lb>mus futurus erat, experſque quantum fieri <lb></lb>poteſt terrenæ partis, atque ob id mollis, <lb></lb>tum quòd elementa ipſa retuſa eſſent, ac<lb></lb>ceſſit commodum, vt facillimè ſentiret & <lb></lb>exquiſitè. </s> <s id="s.009592">Ob id pueri ſenſibus vigent, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1342"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inter viros molliori carne præditi, & inter <lb></lb>membra cerebrum molle eſt, quoniam ſen<lb></lb>ſum omnium baſis eſt. </s> <s id="s.009593">Sed vt ad vitæ ſpa<lb></lb>cia redeam, Indi natura diutiſſimè viuunt, <lb></lb>adeò vt in quibuſdam regionibus alij cen<lb></lb>tum, alij centum viginti, alij centum quin<lb></lb>quaginta annis viuant. </s> <s id="s.009594">Aër enim ibi me<lb></lb>lior, & cibi, & conſuetudo, vnde etiam vi<lb></lb>ta prolixior ac firmior. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009595"><margin.target id="marg1338"></margin.target>Quæ regiones <lb></lb>longæuam <lb></lb>vitam effi<lb></lb>ciant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009596">Vitæ huma<lb></lb>næ longitudo <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009597"><margin.target id="marg1339"></margin.target>Homines <lb></lb>paruorum <lb></lb>oculorum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009598">Mulieres for<lb></lb>tiſſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009599"><margin.target id="marg1340"></margin.target>Aër tenuis <lb></lb>an craſſus <lb></lb>vitæ longi<lb></lb>tudini ap<lb></lb>tior.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009600"><margin.target id="marg1341"></margin.target>Laurentius <lb></lb>Bonin con<lb></lb>trius Aſtro<lb></lb>logus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009601"><margin.target id="marg1342"></margin.target>Homo cur <lb></lb>mollis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009602">Quatuor mihi natura maxima diligentia <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1343"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>finxiſſe videtur: horum primum eſt homo <lb></lb>diuinitate quadam, vt reliqua ſileam, ele<lb></lb>phantem ſecundo loco ſtatuo, ob vitæ lon<lb></lb>gitudinem, ac docilitatem, adeò denſa cute, <lb></lb>vt homo molli: adamantem inter gemmas <lb></lb>nitore, duritie, & quòd ignibus non cor<lb></lb>rumpatur: quartus locus auro relinquitur, <lb></lb>quòd tenuiſſimæ ſit, ac puriſſimæ ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ, nullaque rubigine tentetur, non aquis, <lb></lb>aut ignibus, aut tempori cedens, tantò gra<lb></lb>uius quantò lenior adamas. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009603"><margin.target id="marg1343"></margin.target>Quatuor na<lb></lb>turæ cona<lb></lb>tus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009604">Hæc igitur ſunt ſubtilitatis præmia. </s> <s id="s.009605">Sed <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1344"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vide quantum etiam in generatione ipſa <lb></lb>ſubtilitas præbeat, auxilij, initio ab oui <lb></lb>exemplo ducto. </s> <s id="s.009606">Primùm igitur calore fo<lb></lb>uente gallinæ, ſemel illud in fiſtulas pau<lb></lb>latim oui candidum vertit, tum verò & lu<lb></lb>tei aliquid, nam alæ & crura ex luteo <expan abbr="fiũt">fiunt</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009607">Indicio eſt, quòd pulli qui ex ouo, cuius lu<lb></lb>tea duo ſunt, abſque ſepiente membrana, ca<lb></lb>pite vno, ſed quatuor alis, & totidem pe<lb></lb>dibus naſcuntur, <expan abbr="arbitrãturque">arbitranturque</expan> prodigium, <lb></lb>quale olim Mediolani contigit. </s> <s id="s.009608">Itaque quic<lb></lb>quid bullis refertum eſt agitatur & ſiccatur, <lb></lb>tranſitque in membranas, neruos & duriores <lb></lb>partes: quòd igitur primò fit, eſt arteria ac <lb></lb>vena, <expan abbr="locuſq;">locuſque</expan> cordis conſtat vbi <expan abbr="ſemẽ">ſemen</expan> ipſum <lb></lb>eſt: quapropter cùm ſemen in medio ſit ani<lb></lb>malis, quod primò gignitur, in medio <expan abbr="cõſiſte-re">conſiſte<lb></lb>re</expan> decet. </s> <s id="s.009609">Hoc <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> cor, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> iecur. </s> <s id="s.009610">Quòd verò <lb></lb>circa membranas adiacet, minus eſt ſiccum, <lb></lb>propterea interius vna membrana circum<lb></lb>cingit omnia, & circumquaque oſſa mem<lb></lb>brana tegi neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.009611">Igitur eadem ratio <lb></lb>fuit neceſſitatis in generatione, & vtilita<lb></lb>tis in genitis, vt ſcilicet àb extremis duriſ<lb></lb>ſimis, ad molliſſima per media tranſitus <lb></lb>eſſet. </s> <s id="s.009612">Cùm verò amplius calor augetur, ſpi<lb></lb>ritus quaſi terebrat materiam, quæ ab ouo <lb></lb>vel à matre ſuppeditatur, donec ad oui <lb></lb>membranam perueniat: in quadrupede verò <lb></lb>viuiparum pariente ad vterum. </s> <s id="s.009613">Igitur calidi<lb></lb>tas & motus, tum fiſtula, & ſiccatio, & for<lb></lb>matio ſe inuicem conſequuntur, donec ani <lb></lb>perficiatur. </s> <s id="s.009614">Nec ſemper calor animalis ne<lb></lb>ceſſarius eſt, ſed in quidam ſeruatur in ouis, <lb></lb>velut piſcium: in aliis neceſſe eſt, vt in <expan abbr="vẽ-tre">ven<lb></lb>tre</expan> educantur fœtus, vt in viperis: quibuſ<lb></lb>dam oua excluſa iuncta manent corpori, do<lb></lb>nec naſcuntur fœtus, vt in cancris: in aliis <lb></lb>ſimile calori materno quiddam ſufficit: vnde <lb></lb>ſic ſine gallina pullos ex ouis educunt. </s> <s id="s.009615">Pul<lb></lb>uinaria duo reple ſtercore gallinarum te<lb></lb>nuiſſimè trito, inde plumas gallinarum an<lb></lb>necte conſuetudo vtrique molles, ac den<lb></lb>ſas, oua verò capite tenuiore ſuprà extante, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1345"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>colloca ſuper alterum puluinar, deinde re<lb></lb>liquum ſuperpone in loco calido, permitte<lb></lb>que immota duobus diebus, pòſt verò ad vi<lb></lb>geſimam vſque diem illa ſic verte, vt vn<lb></lb>dique æqualiter foueantur, inde ſtata die, <lb></lb>quæ iuxta vigeſimam primam eſt, pipil<lb></lb>lantes iam ex ouo ſènſim educito. </s> <s id="s.009616">Nec <lb></lb>mirum, cùm Ariſtoteles narret Syracuſis <lb></lb>ſub terra foueri, in Ægypto verò nullo au<lb></lb>xilio prorſus. </s> <s id="s.009617">Noſtra ætate compertum eſt <lb></lb>ſuppoſito igne leui, atque fimo edi pullos, <pb pagenum="562" xlink:href="016/01/211.jpg"></pb>ſed è pluribus tamen ouis paucos. </s> <s id="s.009618">Suppo<lb></lb>nunt ignem, ne fimus refrigeretur. </s> <s id="s.009619">Verùm <lb></lb>non mirum fimi calore edi pullos, cùm ſpon<lb></lb>tè prodeant fœtus ex ouis, tum crocodilo<lb></lb>rum, tum ſtruthiocamelorum. </s> <s id="s.009620">Calor enim <lb></lb>Solis eſt qui generat fimi & gallinæ adiu<lb></lb>uat. </s> <s id="s.009621">Igneus cùm nihil generet, remouet quod <lb></lb>obſtat, & prohibet: obſtat autem frigus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009622">Ergo neque omnia generant, neque maior <lb></lb>pars, ſiquidem, paucioribus tantus calor in<lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.009623">Indigent igitur exiguo calore, non plu<lb></lb>rimo: ſed exiguus ille ſeruari debet. </s> <s id="s.009624">Ete<lb></lb>nim ſi ab ignis calore quod poteſtate viuit, <lb></lb>viuere verè poſſet, non ſolùm in Ægypto, <lb></lb>& Syracuſis, ſed etiam in Germania pulli <lb></lb>ignis auxilio educerentur. </s> <s id="s.009625">Quippe anima<lb></lb>lium corpora antequàm perficiantur, poten<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1346"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tia ſunt ad animam, eamque ſuſcipere <expan abbr="prõ-pta">prom<lb></lb>pta</expan>: cùm verò ſuſceperint, ad ipſas actio<lb></lb>nes. </s> <s id="s.009626">Quieſcunt autem per ſe, & hoc quam<lb></lb>diu durat, ſomnus dicitur: cum verò quieſ<lb></lb>cunt, quia abeſt obiectum, tunc verè non <lb></lb>quieſcunt, ſed requie potiuntur. </s> <s id="s.009627">Dum verò <lb></lb>complentur formæ, dumque res generatur, <lb></lb>imperfectas formas, abſque numero ſubit: <lb></lb>ſed quia illæ non agnoſcuntur, niſi per pro<lb></lb>pria accidentia, ſenſus illarum numerum <lb></lb>haud comprehendit. </s> <s id="s.009628">Igitur imperfectæ for<lb></lb>mæ numero ſunt infinitæ, perfectæ autem <lb></lb>in <expan abbr="vnoquoq;">vnoquoque</expan> æuo <expan abbr="comprehẽdi">comprehendi</expan> numero poſ<lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009629">Nam cùm finita ſit materia, & quod <lb></lb>habet animam perfectam, certam quanti<lb></lb>tatem poſtulet, non poterunt eſſe rerum ſpe<lb></lb>cies numero infinitæ. </s> <s id="s.009630">Vtrum verò anima <lb></lb>magis anima ſit alia, ad libros de Arcanis <lb></lb>æternitatis perſcrutari pertinet: hoc enim <lb></lb>in libro de his tantùm tractare propoſui, <lb></lb>quæ veræ demonſtrationi ſubiiciuntur. </s> <s id="s.009631">Eſt <lb></lb>autem vera demonſtratio, in qua, vt ait <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1347"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ariſtoteles, ſenſus his quæ per demonſtra<lb></lb>tionem probata ſunt, ſubſcribit. </s> <s id="s.009632">Quamo<lb></lb>brem hoc in libro, de omnibus altiſſimis <lb></lb>quæſtionibus, tum etiam incertis abſtinui. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009633"><margin.target id="marg1344"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>animalia <lb></lb>generentur <lb></lb>in materno <lb></lb>vtero. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009634">Quomodo <lb></lb>pullus qua<lb></lb>ternis pedi<lb></lb>bus, & aliis <lb></lb>naſcatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009635">Ariſtot.4. de <lb></lb>generatione <lb></lb>animalium <lb></lb>cap. 4. in <lb></lb>princ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009636"><margin.target id="marg1345"></margin.target>Modus fo<lb></lb>uendi oua <lb></lb>ſine gallina.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009637"><margin.target id="marg1346"></margin.target>Animalium <lb></lb>corpora po<lb></lb>tentia ad <lb></lb>animam.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009638"><margin.target id="marg1347"></margin.target>De quibus <lb></lb>hic liber <lb></lb>tractet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009639">3.de genera<lb></lb>tione animal. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009640">cap. 10.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009641">Cæterùm vt ad generationis principia re<lb></lb>deam, atque nutritionis, ambo à calido, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1348"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humido fieri, hoc argumento deprehendi<lb></lb>tur, quòd cum lanei panni extenduntur, <lb></lb>aut diriguntur, primùm quidem <expan abbr="madeſcũt">madeſcunt</expan>, <lb></lb>inde expoſitos igni aptant & trahunt. </s> <s id="s.009642">Si <lb></lb>igitur arte extenduntur, quæ humida ſunt, <lb></lb>& calida, multò magis natura. </s> <s id="s.009643">Concoctio <lb></lb>verò à calido ſicciore fit, quàm generatio, <lb></lb>aut nutritio, quòd quæ dulcia ſunt, optimè <lb></lb>etiam concocta: talia autem, vt pepones, <lb></lb>cognoſcuntur amaritudine pediculi, & odo<lb></lb>re vehementi, & corticis craſſitudine: hæc <lb></lb>autem omnia à ſicco magis fiunt quàm ab <lb></lb>humido. </s> <s id="s.009644">In corpore autem humano nutritio <lb></lb>ob id optima eſt, quia humidum <expan abbr="pinguiſſimũ">pinguiſſimum</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009645"><margin.target id="marg1348"></margin.target>Panni lanei <lb></lb>quomodo ex<lb></lb>tendantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009646">Concoctio è <lb></lb>quo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009647">Melonum <lb></lb>optimorum <lb></lb>indicia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009648">Conſentit verò totum ſibi, & vt dicebat <lb></lb>Hippocrates, totum tranſpirat & permeat <lb></lb>corpus humanum, adeò vt duo membra ſi<lb></lb>mul diuerſis motibus, aut <expan abbr="tẽporibus">temporibus</expan> vix age<lb></lb>re queas. </s> <s id="s.009649">Vnde temporis menſura <expan abbr="conſtãtior">conſtantior</expan> <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1349"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>duobus membris, quàm vno tantùm moto. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009650">Et contagio inter corpora, animoſque per<lb></lb>meat: & ex animis in animos affectus, & vi<lb></lb>tia, & ex corporibus in corpora. </s> <s id="s.009651">Omnis <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> <lb></lb>conſenſus per contactum fit. </s> <s id="s.009652">Contactus au<lb></lb>tem quadruplex: aut corpore, vt cute: aut ma<lb></lb>teria, vt in vlceribus: aut elemento, vt in pe<lb></lb>ſte: aut radio & ſimilitudine tantum, vt ocu<lb></lb>lorum. </s> <s id="s.009653">Manifeſtum eſt igitur qui ſint morbi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1350"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>contagioſi: circa cutim, vt lepra, pſora, ſca<lb></lb>bies, vitilige: circa pulmones vlcera, & pe<lb></lb>ctus, & fauces, & genitalia membra, vt Gal<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1351"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lica lues: circa cor & cerebrum, peſtilentes <lb></lb>morbi & oculorum inflammationes. </s> <s id="s.009654">Sed re<lb></lb>deo vnde digreſſus ſum. </s> <s id="s.009655">Vita hominis lon<lb></lb>giſſima neceſſaria fuit ad omnium contem<lb></lb>plationem, atque ſcientiam: hæc plerunque <lb></lb>finitur, ſi non antè, annum iuxta <expan abbr="centeſimũ">centeſimum</expan> <lb></lb>atque vigeſimum. </s> <s id="s.009656">Sed rarò eò abque <expan abbr="incõ-modo">incom<lb></lb>modo</expan> magno peruenire contingit: referunt <lb></lb>tamen Moſen ad eam ætatem, abſque detri<lb></lb>mento perueniſſe. </s> <s id="s.009657">Siquidem neque oculus <lb></lb>debilitatus eſt, nec excidit dens, quæ duo ma<lb></lb>ximè incommodo ſenes vexare ſolent: mul<lb></lb>toque minus <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan> eſt, cùm plures ex Iudæis <lb></lb>poſt ipſum ad eam ætatem, licet non adeò <lb></lb>integri, peruenerint. </s> <s id="s.009658">Moſen enim præter di<lb></lb>uinitatem præclarum virum, qui tot annis <lb></lb>populum adeò contumacem & rudem rexe<lb></lb>rit, fuiſſe exiſtimandum eſt, qui legem adeò <lb></lb>vtilem illis tradiderit. </s> <s id="s.009659">Verùm vitæ longitu<lb></lb>do Iudæis contingit ob victus rationem, cùm <lb></lb>à ſordidis caueant, & cœli ſub quo olim <lb></lb>degebant temperiem. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1352"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009660"><margin.target id="marg1349"></margin.target>Morbi con<lb></lb>tagioſi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009661"><margin.target id="marg1350"></margin.target>Vita hominis <lb></lb>anni centum <lb></lb>& viginti.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009662"><margin.target id="marg1351"></margin.target>Moſis laus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009663"><margin.target id="marg1352"></margin.target>Cur homini <lb></lb>cadant den<lb></lb>tes ob <expan abbr="ætatẽ">ætatem</expan></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009664">Sed cur dentes hominibus ſenibus cadunt, <lb></lb>cæteris autem animalibus turpes fiunt? </s> <s id="s.009665">Prin<lb></lb>cipio plures dentes eſſe neceſſe fuit, ne vno <lb></lb>afflicto, aut exeſo, omnes paterentur. </s> <s id="s.009666">Deinde <lb></lb>anteriores quòd præciderent, tenuiores & <lb></lb>natu celeriores eſſe oportebat. </s> <s id="s.009667">Verùm ſic <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>facilè perſeueraſſent, propterea <expan abbr="cadẽtes">cadentes</expan> naſ<lb></lb>ci noluit, poſtremos nequaquam: nam diu<lb></lb>turnitati anteriorum ſufficiebant, vel ſic. </s> <s id="s.009668">Si<lb></lb>ne anterioribus verò cùm ipſi ſcilicet exci<lb></lb>diſſent, poſtremorum nullus erat vſus. </s> <s id="s.009669">Ergo <lb></lb>oſſibus ſicceſcentibus radices extenuari illo<lb></lb>rum neceſſe fuit, nec ſtare poterant, cùm vn<lb></lb>dique ab oſſe non comprehendantur: qua<lb></lb>mobrem non plus eſt poſſibile homini den<lb></lb>tium carere <expan abbr="incõmodo">incommodo</expan>, quàm ſenio, aut mor<lb></lb>te. </s> <s id="s.009670">Porrò ſiccitatem oſſis procurat continuus <lb></lb>labor cerebri, vnde mala coctio, & partium <lb></lb>adiacentium præcox ſenecta: igitur <expan abbr="dẽtes">dentes</expan> ſca<lb></lb>bros fieri, & tandem decidere neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009671"><expan abbr="Decidũt">Decidunt</expan> autem ſemel in pueritia denuo naſ<lb></lb>cituri, quoniam radix non excidit. </s> <s id="s.009672">Eſt enim <lb></lb>oſſi mandibulæ ob illius mollitiem iuncta, in <lb></lb>iam adultis autem plerunque ſimul excidit <lb></lb>etiam radix. </s> <s id="s.009673">Sed ſi ſolùm frangrantur, & <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>abimo rurſus renaſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.009674">Videntur autem <lb></lb>canibus, & aliis animalibus diuturniores, ac <lb></lb>firmiores, ob vitæ illorum breuitatem. </s> <s id="s.009675">Ocu<lb></lb>lorum habetudo fit, quoniam oculi multo, ac <lb></lb>tenui ſpiritu indigent, quorum vtroque ſe<lb></lb>nectus eſt indiga: cauere tamen & ſe tueri <lb></lb>homo aliqua arte melius ab hoc incommo<lb></lb>do poteſt, quàm à dentium iniuria. </s> <s id="s.009676">Dentes <lb></lb>etiam ciborum cauſa deteriores fiunt, aut <lb></lb>meliores: quibuſdam dentes <expan abbr="debilitãtur">debilitantur</expan>, quia <lb></lb>gingiuæ eroduntur, & deficiunt. </s> <s id="s.009677">Vidi con<lb></lb>traria ratione hominem, cui ex diuturno vo<lb></lb>mitu acidi humoris tantùm gingiuæ creue<lb></lb>rant, vt totos dentes intengerent. </s> <s id="s.009678">Quo expe<lb></lb>rimento adducor, cùm nihil tam ſimile huic <lb></lb>humori, vt opinor, quàm acetum cum fæce, <lb></lb>ſi quis os cum aceto, ac fæce nigra colluat, <pb pagenum="563" xlink:href="016/01/212.jpg"></pb>gingiuas incrementum accepturas non leue. <arrow.to.target n="marg1353"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cùm enim aſtringat, lapideum etiam quod <lb></lb>circa dentes naſcitur, erodit, quo gingiuæ <lb></lb>eliminantur. </s> <s id="s.009679">Zethi verò potus vitiat dentes, <lb></lb>vt in his qui eo vtuntur eſt manifeſtum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009680"><margin.target id="marg1353"></margin.target>Panis genera <lb></lb>quinque.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009681">Diximus de potuum varietate, pudeat ni<lb></lb>ſi de panibus etiam dicamus: omitto quòd <lb></lb>paucæ gentes pane ex piſcibus ſiccatis, & <lb></lb>malo tritis, inde ſubactis aqua, vt mos eſt, <lb></lb>vtantur. </s> <s id="s.009682">Quinque ſunt è quibus panis fieri <lb></lb>ſolet: iuxta Boream è ſiligine, in temperatis, <lb></lb>ac calidis regionibus è tritico. </s> <s id="s.009683">Sed duplex <lb></lb>triticum, Aſianum, quod noſtro nigrius, le<lb></lb>uius, ac dulcius exiſtit: nec in ſpicis naſcitur, <lb></lb>ſed velut milium in coma: nec tamen adeò <lb></lb>molli, cùm eam plures compleant ſpicæ. </s> <s id="s.009684">In <lb></lb>occidentali verò India Maizo ſemine panem <lb></lb>conficiunt, ex quo etiam vinum. </s> <s id="s.009685">Herbæ fru<lb></lb>ctus eſt, ſeu ſemen ad vnguem culmo, ſtipi<lb></lb>te, foliis, Sorgum noſtrum, ſeu Milicam (lo<lb></lb>bam Plinius vocat, milij indici genus ru<lb></lb>brum, maiuſque) referentis, & culmus ipſe <lb></lb>foliis ambitur, quòd in ſorbo Italico non <lb></lb>contingit, verùm hoc accidere ex prouinciæ <lb></lb>diuerſitate reor: dulcius eſt & illud, verùm <lb></lb>vt ſorgum friabile, nec pingue, aut lentum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009686">Eadem fœcunditate reddit annuam ſortem, <lb></lb>eoque ampliorem quò ibi cœlum, & terra <lb></lb>magis conſentiunt. </s> <s id="s.009687">Audeam tamen iure hîc <lb></lb>contemptum Sorgum Maizum vocare recto <lb></lb>nomine, aut Maizum Sorgum. </s> <s id="s.009688">Æthiopia <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1354"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuum habet taphum, frumento granum prę<lb></lb>ſtantiùs, quòd non corrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.009689">Oryza ge<lb></lb>neralis eſt omnibus cibus, cùm vbique pro<lb></lb>ueniat: vbique enim aqua. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009690"><margin.target id="marg1354"></margin.target>Oryza cibus <lb></lb>vniuerſo or<lb></lb>bi fermè <expan abbr="cõ-munis">con<lb></lb>munis</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009691">Quintum panis genus ex Hyuca fit radice. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1355"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Herba ſimilis canabi, radix tamen ipſa caro<lb></lb>tis ſimillima, ſed maior: intus tamen candi<lb></lb>da, exteriùs aſpera, & coloris vinoſi fermè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009692">Illud in huius ſpecie quadam mirum admo<lb></lb>dum, quòd humanam conditionem referat: <lb></lb>nam panis ipſe ſalutaris homini & anno ſer<lb></lb>uatur, qui fit ex radice, expreſſo iam ſucco, <lb></lb>ſuccus autem ipſe hauſtus illicò necat, nec <lb></lb>vllo fermè auxilio ſanari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009693">Ita (vt dixi) <lb></lb>mors ipſa cum ſalute coniuncta eſt, & per<lb></lb>petuò cubat. </s> <s id="s.009694">Ea propter dum panem confi<lb></lb>ciunt, diligenter omnem exprimunt ſuccum, <lb></lb>quem è genere ſucci cicutæ, ſed validiorem <lb></lb>eſſe conſtat: nam qui ibi voluntariam oppe<lb></lb>tunt mortem, potu illius ſemet occidunt: <lb></lb>quaſi lene exitium afferat. </s> <s id="s.009695">In locis quibus <lb></lb>frumento vtimur, ſiligo vades eſt: ſi illud de<lb></lb>ficiat, præs eſt milium pro vtroque. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009696"><margin.target id="marg1355"></margin.target>Hyuca mor<lb></lb>tiferum ve<lb></lb>nenum & <lb></lb>ſalutaris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009697">Vt verò ratio panis generaliter habeatur, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1356"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eaque habita, ex quot, quibuſque conſtare <lb></lb>poſſit, intelligamus, neceſſarium exiſtimo <lb></lb>ſcire, quæ propria ſint illius. </s> <s id="s.009698">Sunt <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> quin<lb></lb>que: vt benè nutriat, vt ſolidum exhibeat <lb></lb>alimentum, vt guſtu iucundus ſit, atque <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>non facilè corrumpatur, inuentu verò facilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009699">Non ergo ſemina, aut fructus, aut olera, ra<lb></lb>diceſve, aut caro panis eſſe poſſunt, caro <lb></lb>enim corrumpitur, & ſalita iniucunda eſt: <lb></lb>radices & olera non benè alunt: fructus ſic<lb></lb>cantur, & ſemina guſtui ſunt ingrata, ple<lb></lb>raque verò ex his tempore fiunt dete<lb></lb>riora: </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009700"><margin.target id="marg1356"></margin.target>Panis condi<lb></lb>tiones quin<lb></lb>quę.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009701">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, igne omnem pa<lb></lb>nem oportere elaborari, aliter nec iucundiſ<lb></lb>ſimus guſtu, nec alimenti poterit eſſe præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſimi. </s> <s id="s.009702">Videntur autem hæc duo ple<lb></lb>runque ſimul iungi: etenim apud Germa<lb></lb>nos edi ex ſiligine, ac frumento panem pu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1357"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ro, autopyroque meliorem: tantum poteſt <lb></lb>præparatio: pinſitur enim bene, & mollior <lb></lb>fit paſta, miſceturque ſal, & lupi ſalictarij, <lb></lb>vt dicunt, decoctum pro aqua: atque hic pa<lb></lb>nis ſi ex tritico fuerit, in deliciis eſt etiam <lb></lb>apud Gallos, & Italos. </s> <s id="s.009703">Verùm apud occiden<lb></lb>tis Indos deliciarum loco, præter alias ſupe<lb></lb>riùs narratas plantas, ſunt arboris Mamey <lb></lb>fructus, magnitudine ingentis Perſici, cor<lb></lb>tice aſperiore quam pyro, duriore, denſiore<lb></lb>que colore ferrugineo, forma rotunda ad<lb></lb>modum: caro ipſa, digiti profunditate, cor<lb></lb>tici colore non abſimilis, ſapore quaſi coto<lb></lb>nei: in medio nucleus oſſe, & ſuper os mem<lb></lb>brana tenui circumdatus, ſapore amariſſi<lb></lb>mo, ſed ſubſtantia caſtaneæ omninò ſimilis: <lb></lb>atque hic bifidus modò eſt, modò etiam tri<lb></lb>fidus, quo à Perſico cotoneo, cui ſecus ſimil<lb></lb>limus eſt, differt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009704"><margin.target id="marg1357"></margin.target>Mamey.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009705">Eſt & Guanabanus fructus arboris pinei <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1358"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>forma, peponis magnitudine, cortice craſſi<lb></lb>tudine digiti, intus liquamen pro medulla <lb></lb>iucundi, gratique ſaporis, cùm ſeminibus, <lb></lb>ſiliquæ inde magnitudine, forma, colore haud <lb></lb>abſimilibus: ipſa arbor ampla, foliis oblon<lb></lb>gis magniſque: ſaluberrimus hic fructus <lb></lb>qui facillimè concoquitur, & nullo tempore <lb></lb>putreſcit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009706"><margin.target id="marg1358"></margin.target>Guanaba<lb></lb>nus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009707">Iam verò ſingula, ac propria quædam <lb></lb>ſunt vniuerſis gentibus, in communi tamen <lb></lb>ratione conueniunt, non ſolùm in his, quæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1359"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ad naturam pertinent, ſed etiam in moribus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009708">Pane omnes vtuntur, materia tamen ex qua <lb></lb>conficitur, varia eſt: omnes potu quodam <lb></lb>vtuntur ſalutari, iucundoque: hic alius ta<lb></lb>men, atque alius eſt pro regione. </s> <s id="s.009709">Ita omnes <lb></lb>fermè dum coniuncti, ac neceſſarij moriun<lb></lb>tur, dolorem oſtendunt, mutantque conſue<lb></lb>tam viuendi, & cultus rationem: quo fit vt <lb></lb>alij barbam nutrant, qui non nutrire ſole<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1360"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bant: alij capillos, qui tonſi erant: alij ton<lb></lb>dent capillos, qui nutriebant, vt mulieres: <lb></lb>alij barbam ponunt, qui nutrire ſolebant: <lb></lb>quibus pulla in vſu eſt, his funebris eſt can<lb></lb>dida: quibus ſplendida, his atra. </s> <s id="s.009710">Ita vidimus <lb></lb>luctus eandem eſſe rationem omnibus, di<lb></lb>uerſas tamen eſſe luctus conſuetudines. </s> <s id="s.009711">Le<lb></lb>niunt luctum lachrymæ, & ſuſpiria: ſuſpiria <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1361"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>educunt fuliginem ex corde dolore reten<lb></lb>tam, vt cor perfrigeretur: lachrymæ verò <lb></lb>quòd ſupercalefactum eſt ſanguineæ aquæ <lb></lb>exprimunt, vnde ſpiritus liberè permeare <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009712">Itaque cùm à luctu dolor, & vigilia <lb></lb>inuadere ſoleant, ſuſpiriis, lachrymis & ine<lb></lb>dia à periculo nos vindicabimur. </s> <s id="s.009713">Sum enim <lb></lb>meorum plus quàm par eſt, amans natura: <lb></lb>vnde ſoror matris meæ Tomaxina, cùm con<lb></lb>iugem, & duos filios ac filias totidem peſte <lb></lb>amiſiſſet, & neque flere, aut lamentari ex <lb></lb>more voluiſſet, verecundia ſorori patris <lb></lb>mei viri grauis & aſperi, repentè magno <lb></lb>edito crepitu diſrupta intus mortua cecidit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009714">Alios ſcio qui febre pernicioſa, ob luctum <lb></lb>fratris diſſimulatum correpti, breui interie<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.009715">Et vt res optimè cedat, nec mors ſequa<lb></lb>tur, cohibiti luctus certum præmium canities <pb pagenum="564" xlink:href="016/01/213.jpg"></pb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.009716">Quamobrem vbi paululum impetus re<lb></lb>ſederit, philoſophia te munias, obduraque <lb></lb>aduerſus dolores illius præceptis. </s> <s id="s.009717">Sed illico <lb></lb>hæc meditari à dolore, neque facilè, neque <lb></lb>tutum eſt: </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009718"><margin.target id="marg1359"></margin.target>Luctus <lb></lb>gentilibus <lb></lb>præferendi <lb></lb>varietas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009719"><margin.target id="marg1360"></margin.target>Lachrymæ & <lb></lb>ſuſpitia cur <lb></lb>dolorem le<lb></lb>niant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009720"><margin.target id="marg1361"></margin.target>Tria qua li<lb></lb>berant homi<lb></lb>nem in luctu <lb></lb>conſtitutum <lb></lb>à periculo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009721">Mors repen<lb></lb>tina ob lu<lb></lb>ctum ſiccum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009722">Damna cohi<lb></lb>biti luctus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009723">Sed dices, cur ſi communia ſunt genera<lb></lb>lia hominum inſtituta, linguæ tamen di<lb></lb>uerſæ ſunt, & varia loquendi genera? </s> <s id="s.009724">Id con<lb></lb>tingit ex locorum natura, quum Itali vix pe<lb></lb>ctore vocem poſſint edere, Hebræi facilli<lb></lb>mè, nec niſi fermè cum quodam ſonitu loqui <lb></lb>poſſunt, inde tranſlatæ voces, quum non <lb></lb>propriam aſſequuntur pronunciationem, <expan abbr="de-generãt">de<lb></lb>generant</expan>. </s> <s id="s.009725">Sed & vulgus dum ſine cura profert <lb></lb>illas, vitiat & adulterat: vnde linguarum va<lb></lb>rietas à plebe ſemper ducit originem, vin<lb></lb>cente multitudine. </s> <s id="s.009726">Inde in nundinis miſta <lb></lb>colluuie gentium, variarumque linguarum, <lb></lb>perpetuò alia nomina ſurgunt, quibus naſ<lb></lb>centibus velut etiam hominibus, neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>illa, quæ horum loco ſtabant interire. </s> <s id="s.009727">Vtili<lb></lb>tas verò quæ ex varietate linguarum habe<lb></lb>tur, eſt vt omnes animi affectus poſſint ex<lb></lb>plicari. </s> <s id="s.009728">Cuius rei indicium eſt, quòd neque <lb></lb>Homeri ſententiam Latinè, aut materna no<lb></lb>ſtra lingua expreſſeris, nec Virgilij Græcè, <lb></lb>aut materna lingua, multò minus Franciſci <lb></lb>Petrarchæ ſenſus carminibus materna lin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1362"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gua editos Latinè Gręcéve. </s> <s id="s.009729">Vt verò hæc vti<lb></lb>litas varietatis linguarum, ſic commercia ſi<lb></lb>militudinis. </s> <s id="s.009730">Apud pleraſque tamen gentes <lb></lb>commerciorum cauſa tum originis duplex <lb></lb>lingua in vſu fuit: tum verò quæ plebem à <lb></lb>patritiis diſtingueret, velut apud Romanos, <lb></lb>vel Ciceronis teſtimonio. </s> <s id="s.009731">Vnde quæſtio illa <lb></lb>diſcuſſa, an materna lingua ſcripſerint Cice<lb></lb>ro, Liuius, Saluſtiuſque. </s> <s id="s.009732">Certum eſt aliam <lb></lb>fuiſſe linguam politiorem quàm plebis, non <lb></lb>tamen adeò differentem à materna, vt noſtra <lb></lb>à Latina. </s> <s id="s.009733">Id etiam clarè perſpicies ſi oratio<lb></lb>nem Vitruuij, qui vir plebeius erat, orationi <lb></lb>Ciceronis viri conſularis conferes. </s> <s id="s.009734">Sic nunc <lb></lb>Græci habent vulgarem, & pertritam aliam <lb></lb>ab ea in qua libri tot celebres antiquorum <lb></lb>Græcorum habentur. </s> <s id="s.009735">Et Turcæ propria pro <lb></lb>vulgari, Patritij Illyrica loquuntur, eruditi <lb></lb>Arabica aſcribunt, atque interpretantur. </s> <s id="s.009736">Iu<lb></lb>dæi quoque regionis quam incolunt <expan abbr="linguã">linguam</expan> <lb></lb>habent, & propriam, quæ Hebræa eſt. </s> <s id="s.009737">Nos <lb></lb>etiam Italicam habemus à Latina <expan abbr="diſtinctã">diſtinctam</expan>, <lb></lb>aliamque politiorem, quàm Thuſcam, ſeu <lb></lb>Hetruſcam appellamus: adeò vt non iam <lb></lb>duas, ſed tres linguas ſingulæ nationes ha<lb></lb>beant. </s> <s id="s.009738">Nam & Romani (vt dixi) loco popu<lb></lb>laris, & patritiæ, quæ illis erat qualis nobis <lb></lb>Hetruſca, Græcam habebant loco noſtræ <lb></lb>Latinæ linguæ. </s> <s id="s.009739">Græci quoque antiqui ha<lb></lb>buerunt popularem, & expolitam linguam: <lb></lb>pro exotica aliud genus erat linguæ, quod fa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1363"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cilè qui <expan abbr="eorũ">eorum</expan> poëmata leget, percipiet. </s> <s id="s.009740">Afri <lb></lb>quoque triplicem habent linguam: nam prę<lb></lb>ter expolitam, & popularem eſt. </s> <s id="s.009741">Africana <lb></lb>propria, in qua plurimos libros è Latina <lb></lb>conuerſos, qui à Latinis deſiderantur, ſupe<lb></lb>reſſe affirmat Ioannes Leo Africanam, nunc <lb></lb>dico non propriam rurſus, ſed Arabicam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009742">Nam conſtat libros Galeni plurimos, tum <lb></lb>cæterorum in Arabicam linguam tranſlatos <lb></lb>eſſe, quibus nos caremus. </s> <s id="s.009743">Et horum etiam <lb></lb>pars aſque Græco exemplari apud nos eſt, <lb></lb>quamvis perexigua. </s> <s id="s.009744">Multa perierunt incu<lb></lb>ria, alia ſeruantur etiam abditis in locis. </s> <s id="s.009745">Re<lb></lb>fert Munſterus, in Fuldæ ciuitatis Germaniæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1364"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cœnobio, quod templo adiacet principali, in <lb></lb>quo beatus Bonifacius, qui Germanos ad <lb></lb>Chriſti fidem vertit, ſitus eſt, bibliothe<lb></lb>cam eſſe à Carolo Magno annis iam ſeptin<lb></lb>gentis inſtructam omni librorum genere, at<lb></lb>que adhuc extare. </s> <s id="s.009746">Ita latent vndique monu<lb></lb>menta magnorum virorum, linguiſque ſer<lb></lb>uantur, modò non indigenarum, modò ne<lb></lb>que propriis. </s> <s id="s.009747">Eſt enim Germanis idem tri<lb></lb>plex vſus linguarum qui omnibus aliis. </s> <s id="s.009748">Nec <lb></lb>ſolùm legendi, ſcribendique notis, ac loquen<lb></lb>di differunt gentes, ſed & ſcribendi modis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1365"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Nam Latini à dextra in ſiniſtram, Hebræi à <lb></lb>ſiniſtra tendunt ſcribentes in dextram. </s> <s id="s.009749">Indi <lb></lb>Cambaienſes à ſurſum deorſum. </s> <s id="s.009750">Neque alij <lb></lb>poſſunt excogitari ſcribendi modi, niſi ſi <lb></lb>quis etiam tranſuerſim velit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009751"><margin.target id="marg1362"></margin.target>Romani du<lb></lb>plici lingua <lb></lb>vtebantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009752"><margin.target id="marg1363"></margin.target>Libri in lin<lb></lb>gua Africa<lb></lb>na, ex Lati<lb></lb>no verſi, qui <lb></lb>apud nos de<lb></lb>ſiderantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009753"><margin.target id="marg1364"></margin.target>Bibliotheca <lb></lb>maxima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009754"><margin.target id="marg1365"></margin.target>Scribendi <lb></lb>tres modi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009755">Difficillimum verò eſt, ex omnibus homi<lb></lb>num actionibus, duobus ſimul motibus con<lb></lb>trariis manere: velut manum eleuando pe<lb></lb>dem demittere: ſpiritum ore exſufflare, nari<lb></lb>bus attrahere: quòd Moſchouitæ tubicines <lb></lb>facere ſolent: vt alterum cithariſtæ, vtrunque <lb></lb>vſu conſtat: & vt hoc vltimum admiratione <lb></lb>dignum, tibicinem videre perpetuò buccas <lb></lb>inflantem, ita illud vtiliſſimum: quòd eò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1366"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>traduci poteſt, vt ad diuinationem, & <expan abbr="lucrũ">lucrum</expan> <lb></lb>maximum conducat. </s> <s id="s.009756">Mutilos hos ſolemus <lb></lb>vocare, cæci, ſurdi, ſtrabi, claudi, ſex digiti, ta<lb></lb>liaque monſtra naturæ, quæ moribus prauis <lb></lb>prædita ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009757">Facillimè negotium abſoluunt <lb></lb>Aſtronomi, maleficas dominari dicentes, à <lb></lb>quibus flagitiorum colluuies ortum habet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009758">Nos dicemus aberraſſe naturam in faciliori<lb></lb>bus, ob id verius in difficillimis defeciſſe: <lb></lb>itaque vt omnes mutili improbi ſunt, ita <lb></lb>non omnes, qui corpore ſunt non vitiati in<lb></lb>tegris ſunt moribus: nam plus exigitur ad <lb></lb>formandum, <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> culpa animum quàm cor<lb></lb>pus. </s> <s id="s.009759">Ergo peſſimi ſunt omnium gibbi, cùm <lb></lb>error ſit circa cor principium totius corporis <lb></lb>poſt cæci, ſtrabique quòd circa cerebrum na<lb></lb>tura deliquerit. </s> <s id="s.009760">Inde muti, ſurdique nam in <lb></lb>minus nobili cerebri parte natura defecit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009761">Inde claudi, hos ſequuntur qui in magno <lb></lb>membro ſunt vitiati, poſt quos ſex digni, & <lb></lb>qui digitos habent iunctos: nam in minus <lb></lb>neceſſariis aberravit. </s> <s id="s.009762">Vltimus locus eſt ver<lb></lb>rucis, ac veſtigiis, quæ cicatrices æmulan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.009763">Sed verrucas extirpare licet oleo vitrioli <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1367"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam naturales. </s> <s id="s.009764">Sicut & glabrum locum <lb></lb>efficit, ſi ipſum primò oleo linias, pòſt <lb></lb>madefactum linteum lixiuio, in quo calx, <lb></lb>& auripigmentum incocta, & diſſoluta ſint: <lb></lb>poteſt enim hoc medicamentum radicitùs <lb></lb>pilos extirpare: & niſi oleo præuertas <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt <lb></lb>dixi) aut etiam diutius hæreat, medicamen<lb></lb>tum excoriat. </s> <s id="s.009765">A qua etiam prima deſtillatio<lb></lb>nis gypſi, & ſalis gemmæ idem facit, ſecun<lb></lb>da acrior eſt. </s> <s id="s.009766">Eodem modo variolarum ve<lb></lb>ſtigia, & quæ lentibus ſimilia videntur, <lb></lb>acetum deſtillatum acerrimum tollit: opor<lb></lb>tet autem ſequenti die aqua abluere locum <lb></lb>in qua furfur, & malua decocta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009767">Ve<lb></lb>rùm poſtquàm in ornatus mentionem in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1368"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cidi, de his quæ ad pulchritudinem faciunt <lb></lb>dicendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009768">Tria verò ſunt illius capita, <pb pagenum="567" xlink:href="016/01/214.jpg"></pb>vel vt naturalis ſeruetur, aut expoliatur, aut <lb></lb>odoribus iucuedis gratia addatur. </s> <s id="s.009769">Singula<lb></lb>ria autem recenſere, præſentis non eſt in<lb></lb>ſtituti, ſed ad libros de Rerum Varietate <lb></lb>pertinet. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1369"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009770"><margin.target id="marg1366"></margin.target>Cur mutili <lb></lb>mali.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009771"><margin.target id="marg1367"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>depiletur lo<lb></lb>cus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009772"><margin.target id="marg1368"></margin.target>Veſtigijs <lb></lb>cutis delen<lb></lb>dis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009773"><margin.target id="marg1369"></margin.target>Dentibus de<lb></lb>albandis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009774">Emaculantur igitur primùm dentes tar<lb></lb>taro in aquam mutato, dum marmoreo <lb></lb>vaſe ſepelitur. </s> <s id="s.009775">Idem ex aqua, quæ primò de<lb></lb>cidit ex deſtillatione halinitri, aluminiſque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009776">Senſim quoque mundantur, ſi radice ma<lb></lb>luæ aſſiduè fricentur. </s> <s id="s.009777">Et illud præſtantiſſi<lb></lb>mum, quòd mollitiem gingiuas non ero<lb></lb>dit, & dentes ob aſperitatem purgat, exper<lb></lb>tumque eſt. </s> <s id="s.009778">Cruſta panis tantum aduritur, <lb></lb>vt vertatur in carbones, deinde contuſa af<lb></lb>fricentur dentes, aquaque nitida lauentur. <arrow.to.target n="marg1370"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Apium cùm multa alia ſint eo odoratiora, <lb></lb>oris fœtorem, ſiquid aliud, emendat: an <lb></lb>quia præter odoris magnitudinem, quo te<lb></lb>trum odorem obſcurat, vehementer dige<lb></lb>rit, & attenuat, hæretque multum ob pin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1371"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>guedinem humidi? </s> <s id="s.009779">At maculas autem de<lb></lb>lendas faciei tartaro vtemur, lationibuſque <lb></lb>ex aqua maluæ, & in qua triticeum furfur <lb></lb>reſederit. </s> <s id="s.009780">Quæ ſplendorem afferunt ac nito<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1372"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rem, ex oui candido, ex ſudore oui, aut flo<lb></lb>ribus maluæ, tum ſaccharo conſtant. </s> <s id="s.009781">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque etiam ſplendent, ex eo genere ſunt <lb></lb>vt argentum ſublimatum: ſed longè præ<lb></lb>ſtantius & innoxium talchum, ad fucum <lb></lb>faciendum, ſi præparetur quaſi natum. </s> <s id="s.009782">Quæ <lb></lb>manus expoliunt, molleſque faciunt, & <lb></lb>dealbant, vel fel bouis cum plurima aqua, <lb></lb>vel id excrementum quod ex martiacocta <lb></lb>vaſorum accidit ſimile vitro contritum, aut <lb></lb>ſapo ex oleo palmarum: mundant enim hæc <lb></lb>mirabiliter manus. </s> <s id="s.009783">Addunt alij communi <lb></lb>ſaponi iridis radicem contritam, alij con<lb></lb>chyliorum teſtas, alij ſepiæ cinerem: ſed <lb></lb>hæc experimento probata. </s> <s id="s.009784">Quæ autem la<lb></lb>bia, manuſque à ſciſſuris tuentur, & mol<lb></lb>liunt, odorémque bonum reddunt, pingue<lb></lb>dines ſunt, atque in eo genere odoratæ & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1373"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſynceræ, quarum vſus commendatur. </s> <s id="s.009785">Ars <lb></lb>autem talis eſt. </s> <s id="s.009786">Pinguedini recenti quan<lb></lb>tum ponderis habet, atque inſuper dimi<lb></lb>dium amarici, maioranam vulgus vocat, aut <lb></lb>roſarum, aut myrti foliorum, aut cyperi <lb></lb>contundendo immiſce, & in paſtillos diui<lb></lb>de, recondéque mero ſpargens in vaſe con<lb></lb>cluſa in vmbra per horas 24. plus, minuſ<lb></lb>ve: inde aqua ſuperiniecta paſtillis coque <lb></lb>leniter, atque cola. </s> <s id="s.009787">Inde rurſus cùm dimi<lb></lb>dio maiore pondere eiuſdem odoratæ her<lb></lb>bæ qualiſcunque fuerit in mundo vaſe con<lb></lb>tuſam, & in fruſta diuiſam reponito, per<lb></lb>mittóque coniectam horis totidem. </s> <s id="s.009788">De<lb></lb>mùm fruſta collecta ſuperiniecta aqua co<lb></lb>quito, reponitóque colatam, denuò addens <lb></lb>odoratam herbam: ac id dum ter, quaterve <lb></lb>feceris, odorémque combiberit, quod puriſ<lb></lb>ſimum eſt, ſeruato, addens ſi libet garyo<lb></lb>phyllum, crocúmve, aut moſchum, aut <lb></lb>zibethum. </s> <s id="s.009789">Semper autem vino fruſta aſ<lb></lb>pergi debent eoque odorato, vt melius odo<lb></lb>rem pinguedo combibat. </s> <s id="s.009790">Aliter pinguedo <lb></lb>cum vino, cui odorata infuſa fuerint, ſæ<lb></lb>pius excoquitur, donec odorem ſuſceperit: <lb></lb>nam vinum celerius aqua, & odorem pro<lb></lb>prium pinguedinis tollit, & aromatum odo<lb></lb>re illam imbuit, & ne putreſcat aut ranci<lb></lb>da fiat, quod ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vitium pinguedi<lb></lb>num proprium eſt, magis prohibet. </s> <s id="s.009791">Huius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1374"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>generis eſt compoſitio pigmentariorum po<lb></lb>mata appellata, quæ molles manus reddit, <lb></lb>prohibet rugas, atque ſciſſuras in eis, tum <lb></lb>labis, & odorem bonum præſtat. </s> <s id="s.009792">Et ſca<lb></lb>biem pellit, maximè ſi ſtyrax, quam liqui<lb></lb>dam vocant, tertia ex parte addatur. </s> <s id="s.009793">Et in <lb></lb>vniuerſum omnibus cutis vitiis aptiſſima <lb></lb>eſt atque ob id maximo in vſu apud Italos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009794">Eius compoſitio, quæ præſtantiſſima eſt, ta<lb></lb>lis eſt: Pinguedinem ceruinam, ſuillæque <lb></lb>partem quartam, & medullæ cerui tan<lb></lb>tundem, miſcent: alij pro ceruina hœdi<lb></lb>nam ſubiiciunt, alij medullam prætermit<lb></lb>tunt. </s> <s id="s.009795">Has purgatas ab omni ſorde, pelli<lb></lb>culiſque vino albo lauant, exprimuntque <lb></lb>toties, donec vinum totum, & quicquid <lb></lb>eſt ſorditiei in eo auferatur, remaneatque <lb></lb>ſyncera pinguedo ſicca atque puriſſima. </s> <s id="s.009796">In <lb></lb>binas huius pinguedinis puræ libras addunt <lb></lb>Appianorum pomorum octo, decémve car<lb></lb>nem mundatam atque contuſam, garyo<lb></lb>phyllorum tenuium ſemunciam, nucis my<lb></lb>riſticæ vnciæ partem quartam, Indicæ ſpi<lb></lb>cæ grana ſex, aquæ roſaceæ optimæ libras <lb></lb>quatuor, coquantur lento igne omnia con<lb></lb>tecto vaſe, donec aqua fermè tota conſum<lb></lb>pta ſit, deinde colatam excipiunt vaſe aqua <lb></lb>roſacea ſæpiùs abluto, poſt addunt ceræ vn<lb></lb>cias quatuor candidæ atque puræ, olei amy<lb></lb>gdalini dulcis atque recentis vncias ſex: li<lb></lb>queſcunt omnia excolata excipiuntur vaſe <lb></lb>mundo, roſaceáque aqua ſæpius purgato. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009797">Demùm vt coacta fuerit, ſæpius ac ſæpius <lb></lb>aqua roſacea moſcho addito, aliiſque odo<lb></lb>ratis aquis, ligneóque piſtillo diu agitatur <lb></lb>ac permiſcetur, donec odorem ſuauiſſimum <lb></lb>combibat, & vaſe vitreo in vmbra boreali <lb></lb>reponitur, ſeruaturque. </s> <s id="s.009798">Hæc igitur ſunt ve<lb></lb>lut exempla eorum, quæ ad decorationem <lb></lb>pertinent, nam de pilis eradicandis nuper <lb></lb>diximus, quare ad inſtitutum ordinem re<lb></lb>uertamur, de hiſque dicamus, in quibus, <lb></lb>magis, quàm mutilis natura aberrat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009799"><margin.target id="marg1370"></margin.target>Oris fœtori.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009800"><margin.target id="marg1371"></margin.target>Maculis fa<lb></lb>ciei delendis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009801"><margin.target id="marg1372"></margin.target>Fuci. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009802">Manus de<lb></lb>albantia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009803"><margin.target id="marg1373"></margin.target>Pinguedines <lb></lb>odoratæ quo<lb></lb>modo fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009804"><margin.target id="marg1374"></margin.target>Pomata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009805">Ea <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> ſunt monſtra. </s> <s id="s.009806">Horum plura ſunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1375"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>genera, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> enim in ſpecies referuntur, <expan abbr="quã-obrem">quam<lb></lb>obrem</expan> in <expan abbr="finitarũ">finitarum</expan> ſunt ſpecierum. </s> <s id="s.009807">Referunt in <lb></lb>Cracouia infantem natum cum promuſcide <lb></lb>naſi loco, oculis rotundis atque alatis, auri<lb></lb>bus aſininis, aliis duobus oculis ſupra vmbi<lb></lb>licum, cauda muris, ſed bifida, <expan abbr="adeóq;">adeóque</expan> longa, <lb></lb>vt caput ſuperexcederet, manus <expan abbr="pedéſq;">pedéſque</expan> qua<lb></lb>ternis digitis, ad vnguem accipitris digitis <lb></lb>ſimillimis, ſed tres membranæ velut anſeri<lb></lb>ni colligabantur. </s> <s id="s.009808">Sub alis, & intra cubitos, <lb></lb>& ſupra genua ſingula capita canum pro<lb></lb>minebant, vt eſſent omninò numero ſex. </s> <s id="s.009809">Su<lb></lb>peruixiſſe tribus horis ferunt tam <expan abbr="horrendũ">horrendum</expan> <lb></lb>monſtrum: adeò vt mirari minimè opus ſit, <lb></lb>quòd Pauſanias dicat, ſua ætate mulieres <lb></lb>monſtra peperiſſe Minotauro longè horri<lb></lb>biliora Sed tamen illud mirum eſt, quòd de <lb></lb>his tanquam de ſuperuicturis mentionem <lb></lb>fecerit: nam Minotaurus, ſi modò fabula non <lb></lb>eſt, quod magis reor, ſuperuixiſſe vſque ad <lb></lb>adultam fertur ætatem. </s> <s id="s.009810">In Moguntio quo-<pb pagenum="568" xlink:href="016/01/215.jpg"></pb>que noſtris temporibus accidiſſe refert. </s> <s id="s.009811">Se<lb></lb>baſtianus Munſterus, vt duæ mulieres, qua<lb></lb>rum altera prægnans eſſet, inuicem collo<lb></lb>querentur: currens alia ſuperuenit, quæ lo<lb></lb>quentium capita colliſit: quæ grauida erat <lb></lb>dum pareret, ſigna timoris in infantibus ex<lb></lb>preſſit: ſiquidem duas puellas peperit, à <lb></lb>ſumma fronte vſque ad naſum iuncta è fa<lb></lb>cie, ſic vt non niſi obliquè ſpectare poſſent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009812">Superuixit hoc monſtrum tamen vſque ad <lb></lb>annum decimum. </s> <s id="s.009813">Altera mortua, atque ab <lb></lb>alia viuente exciſa, quæ ſupererat, & ipſa <lb></lb>mortua eſt: ſeu timore, ſeu pedore, ſeu ani<lb></lb>mi moleſtia, quam miſera, dum altera egro<lb></lb>taret contabeſcens ſuſceperat, extincta ſit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1376"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>incertum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009814">Certius illud eſt, quòd à mul<lb></lb>tis quæſitum eſt ſæpiùs, prægnantium affe<lb></lb>ctus fœtus, qui in vtero ſunt poſſe vitiare: <lb></lb>vnde tot maculæ infantibus vini, ſu illæ cu<lb></lb>tis, punicorum malorum, ac talium. </s> <s id="s.009815">Nam <lb></lb>quum mater harum puellarum concuſſa ti<lb></lb>more imaginem colliſi capitis retineret, ca<lb></lb>pita puellarum in vnum coierunt. </s> <s id="s.009816">Neque <lb></lb>enim id concuſſione ſola factum credide<lb></lb>rim, quanquam non parum ad hoc contu<lb></lb>lerit: quoniam ſæpius mulieres maiore im<lb></lb>petu collidunt ventrem, quàm tunc quum <lb></lb>caput illa colliſit: nec tamen gemini vnà <lb></lb>coëunt. </s> <s id="s.009817">Nam ſi modò concuſio cauſa hu<lb></lb>ius fuit, non iam capitis, ſed dum caput <lb></lb>alliditur, dorſi, vel ventris. </s> <s id="s.009818">Superuixiſſe ex <lb></lb>monſtris ſolum eum conſtat, qui puelli <lb></lb>medietatem ab vmbilico inferius incertam <lb></lb>habuit, adeò vt penè puelli <expan abbr="ẽtiam">etiam</expan> min<lb></lb>geret. </s> <s id="s.009819">Circumuagabatur hoc monſtrum, <lb></lb>iuuenis vigeſimum quintum annum præfe<lb></lb>rebat, puelli pars inſerta qualis agentis <lb></lb>decimum annum, ſeu crura, ſeu pedes inſpi<lb></lb>ceres. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009820"><margin.target id="marg1375"></margin.target>Monſtra va<lb></lb>ria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009821"><margin.target id="marg1376"></margin.target><expan abbr="Prægnantiũ">Prægnantium</expan> <lb></lb>affectus in <lb></lb>fœtus agere.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009822">Hoc anno alium à Germania, priori ſi<lb></lb>millimum vidimus, ætas annorum circiter <lb></lb>viginti quinque, ſexusiuuenis incertus: pe<lb></lb>dulus infans maſculus, nam è penè min<lb></lb>xit, brachia, & manus, & crura contra<lb></lb>cta, ſed crura ſolum pro fœtus magnitu<lb></lb>dine, reliqua, quæ diximus exiliora, anus <lb></lb>nullus, nec interſtitium, ſed vtris in mo<lb></lb>dum coniuncti clunes. </s> <s id="s.009823">Senſu carere opor<lb></lb>tuit, nam capite animal perfectum, ſi de<lb></lb>ſtituatur, & motu, & ſenſu carere neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.009824">Sed ſi animalia mulieris ( propior enim <lb></lb>fœminæ facies videbatur ( animatus fuiſſet, <lb></lb>animal perfectum plus, quàm quatuor no<lb></lb>tis moueri potuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.009825">At hoc & ab Ariſto<lb></lb>tele, & à nobis alibi fieri non poſſe, demon<lb></lb>ſtratum eſt: nihil tamen prohibet moueri <lb></lb>ſeorſim partes, vt digitos. </s> <s id="s.009826">Ob id igitur, à <lb></lb>nobis multæ circa hæc, quæſtiones ſunt ex<lb></lb>plicandæ. </s> <s id="s.009827">Prima, cur monſtra pleraque dum <lb></lb>in vtero ſunt viuunt, cum nata fuerint, mo<lb></lb>riuntur? </s> <s id="s.009828">Deinde quænam monſtra ſuper<lb></lb>uiuere queant, quæve non? </s> <s id="s.009829">Rurſus, an na<lb></lb>tura in gignendis monſtris finem aliquem <lb></lb>obſeruet, an prorſus inutilis ſit error, la<lb></lb>pſuſque ordinis illius atque poteſtatis. </s> <s id="s.009830">Etan <lb></lb>monſtra ſint qualia dicuntur à monſtrando <lb></lb>dicta, & ſemper aliquid futurum denun<lb></lb>cient. </s> <s id="s.009831">Demum cur, cùm in Ægypto fœ<lb></lb>cunditas maior ſit, & viuacior virtus ho<lb></lb>minum, & aër melior, monſtra tamen <lb></lb>ſint frequentiora. </s> <s id="s.009832">Inde ex his, quænam re<lb></lb>giones, & cauſæ in hominibus ſint gene<lb></lb>randorum monſtrorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009833">Principiò quidem monſtra in vtero fa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1377"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cillimè viuunt, & abſoluuntur, quoniam <lb></lb>generantur, ab eiſdem cauſis etiam ſeruari <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt, quibus fiunt: verùm cum à <lb></lb>natura propria remota ſint, & imbecillia, <lb></lb>& inſaluberrima, cum primum nata fue<lb></lb>rint, intereunt. </s> <s id="s.009834">Adnata etiam conuiuunt, <lb></lb>quia congenita participant vita eorum, <lb></lb>quibus cum genita fuêre: difficilius enim <lb></lb>multò viuere, quàm conuiuere: quam<lb></lb>obrem nata protinus moriuntur, quæ in <lb></lb>vtero viuunt. </s> <s id="s.009835">Eſt etiam alia ratio: nam ge<lb></lb>nerari incipiunt, parum admodum diffe<lb></lb>runt à perfectorum generatione: velut & <lb></lb>caulis, & quercus vbi primum pullulare <lb></lb>cœperint, vix altera dignoſci poteſt: vbi <lb></lb>abſoluuntur tantum diſtant, vt nemo illas <lb></lb>diſtinguere non queat. </s> <s id="s.009836">Et lineæ cum ab eo<lb></lb>dem puncto prodeunt cum minimum di<lb></lb>ſtent, tanto plus diſtant, quantò plus pro<lb></lb>ceſſerint. </s> <s id="s.009837">Ita ergò cum in vtero ſunt, quia <lb></lb>minus à principio diſtant, minus etiam à <lb></lb>naturali forma, & compoſitione degene<lb></lb>rant: quare monſtrum etiam ſponte ſua <lb></lb>quantò magis augetur, eò fit imbecillius, <lb></lb>& morti propinquius. </s> <s id="s.009838">Natum etiam aëri <lb></lb>occurrit frigidiori, ob id etiam in calidio<lb></lb>ribus regionibus monſtra magis viuunt, vt <lb></lb>in Ægypto: minùs his de cauſis in Italia, <lb></lb>& longè etiam minus in Germania. </s> <s id="s.009839">Viuunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1378"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>monſtra, quæ minùs à naturali ſtatu remo<lb></lb>ta ſunt, & minùs in principalioribus mem<lb></lb>bris: vnde biceps monſtrum nunquam diu <lb></lb>ſuperuixit. </s> <s id="s.009840">Et in calido aëre faciliùs ( vt di<lb></lb>ctum <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>quàm in frigido. </s> <s id="s.009841">Et quæ ſuperuiuunt, <lb></lb>vt commodiore ſunt forma, eò diutiùs vi<lb></lb>uunt. </s> <s id="s.009842">Et magnitudo ſitu, & ſitus forma, & <lb></lb>forma numero minus à natura recedunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009843">Cumque à forma humana receſſerint, vt <lb></lb>magis ab ea receſſerint, ad formamque bel<lb></lb>luarum, & ferarum, & piſcium, & colu<lb></lb>brum, eò minus viuunt. </s> <s id="s.009844">Sed cur raro abor<lb></lb>tus monſtrorum? </s> <s id="s.009845">Quia abortus rari, rariora <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1379"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>monſtra, monſtrorum igitur abortus rariſſi<lb></lb>mi. </s> <s id="s.009846">Cauſa etiam, quæ naturæ ordinem ſu<lb></lb>perauit, neceſſariò potens eſt, vt niſi per<lb></lb>mutatione facta vinci non queat: nunquam <lb></lb>ergò ſpontè monſtra abortient matres. </s> <s id="s.009847">At <lb></lb>verò naturæ ſimplex ſit error monſtrum, aut <lb></lb>finem aliquem tunc etiam intendat, vtpote <lb></lb>arietem ex homine, nunc demonſtrandum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009848">Si enim prorſus finem nullum haberet, in<lb></lb>forme eſſet, quòd naſceretur: at non infor<lb></lb>me eſt ſemper. </s> <s id="s.009849">Quibuſdam viſum eſt, vt <lb></lb>Ariſtoteli, naturam aſſequi in proximo ge<lb></lb>nere, cùm aberrat, finem ſuum, vtpote fœ<lb></lb>minam loco maris, bipedem loco hominis, <lb></lb>aut ſi non poteſt, quadrupedem ex huma<lb></lb>nioribus, eo argumento, quòd rarius piſces <lb></lb>gignat, arbores autem nunquam. </s> <s id="s.009850">Sed ſi ita <lb></lb>eſt auis primò generaret frequentius, quàm <lb></lb>arietes. </s> <s id="s.009851">Et cum natura genus intendit, ſpe<lb></lb>ciem aliquam neceſſariò etiam fingere ge<lb></lb>neris illius intendet. </s> <s id="s.009852">Videtur igitur cum <lb></lb>aſſequi non poteſt finem aliquem proprium <pb pagenum="569" xlink:href="016/01/216.jpg"></pb>proximorem illi non incertum, ſed ex ge<lb></lb>nere fabricare, non reluctante materia. </s> <s id="s.009853">Ob <lb></lb>id cum materia diuerſarum partium fuerit, <lb></lb>monſtrum, multiforme generabitur: cùm <lb></lb>verò admodum inutilis, penitus informe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009854">Ob id quæ omninò forma carent, vita pau<lb></lb>lò meliore plantæ viuunt, & ſtatim inte<lb></lb>reunt. </s> <s id="s.009855">Cùm verò mod cùm pars materiæ à <lb></lb>proprio temperamento diſtiterit, paruus fit <lb></lb>error in ea parte: velut nobilis virgo in gy<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1380"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>næcio Lucemburgenſis Principis os duplex <lb></lb>loco dentium habuit nec quicquam aliud <lb></lb>inſigne præter egregiam morum grauita<lb></lb>tem conſecutum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009856">Qua de cauſa dubitari <lb></lb>ſolet, an monſtra aliquid ſemper præmon<lb></lb>ſtrent. </s> <s id="s.009857">Melanchthon vir eruditus refert, an<lb></lb>te bellum, quod Cæſar contra Germanos <lb></lb>geſſit, natum in Francorum pago infantem <lb></lb>ac protinus gladium apparuiſſe ex vtero <lb></lb>puerperæ prominentem, qui nulla arte an<lb></lb>tequam ſuppuraretur vterus extrahi potuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009858">Idque prodigium, bellum ciuile Germaniæ <lb></lb>oſtendiſſe, quòd gladius ex vtero, & viſceri<lb></lb>bus prodiret. </s> <s id="s.009859">Sed quomodo gladius? </s> <s id="s.009860">Exiſti<lb></lb>mo materiam fuiſſe duram, & colore ferro <lb></lb>ſimilem, nam ferrum eſſe non potuit. </s> <s id="s.009861">Ve<lb></lb>rùm an ſemper talia aliquid præſagiant, ad <lb></lb>libros de Æternitatis arcanis, demonſtrare <lb></lb>pertinet. </s> <s id="s.009862">Frequens eſſet prænuncìatio in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1381"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ægypto, quum frequentia ſint monſtra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009863">Cauſa duplex eſt: primum, quod fœminæ <lb></lb>plures vno partu edunt infantes: ob id tum <lb></lb>ex imbecillitate, tum ex concuſſione fœtum <lb></lb>inuicem plurima degenerant à natura pro<lb></lb>pria, & in monſtra tranſeunt. </s> <s id="s.009864">Viuunt etiam <lb></lb>facillimè monſtra tam in vtero, quàm ex<lb></lb>tra, ob aëris ſalubritatem, vnde etiam ibi <lb></lb>naſcuntur octimeſtres: & ob id in Ægypto <lb></lb>plura ex mulieribus tum aliis animalibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1382"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>monſtra naſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.009865">Cauſa igitur genera<lb></lb>tionis monſtrorum eſt facilitas genera<lb></lb>tionis, vnde in plantis frequentiſſima <lb></lb>fiunt, pòſt vilioribus animalibus: poſt in <lb></lb>nobilibus, & fœcundis, vltimò in perfe<lb></lb>ctis, & parùm fœcundis, vt homine, & <lb></lb>elephante, rariſſima fiunt. </s> <s id="s.009866">Accedunt his <lb></lb>concubitus monſtroſi, imagines abſurdæ, & <lb></lb>prauitas temperaturarum. </s> <s id="s.009867">Atque ob id <lb></lb>quamuis fruſtrà, tales partus in Dei iram <lb></lb>referuntur. </s> <s id="s.009868">Fiunt & monſtroſi homines no<lb></lb>bilitate ac perfectione, ſeu prophetæ dican<lb></lb>tur, ſeu ſapientes, vel ob parentum egre<lb></lb>giam naturam, aut cometas, & conſtellatio<lb></lb>nes, ſeu ſyderum concurſus præcedentes, aut <lb></lb>quia natura multorum membrorum vim in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1383"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vnum tranſtulit. </s> <s id="s.009869">Ob id factum eſt, vt hi mi<lb></lb>nus quandoque opere valeant. </s> <s id="s.009870">Vnde fit tum <lb></lb>ob hoc, tum quia inuentores circa inuen<lb></lb>tionem fatigantur, vt inclyti viri maiores <lb></lb>ſeipſis fama, & operibus diſcipulos relin<lb></lb>quant, vt Socrates Platonem, Plato Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelem, Ariſtoteles Theophraſtum. </s> <s id="s.009871">Quod <lb></lb>& Chriſtus docuit, dicens: Hæc & maiora <lb></lb>his facietis. </s> <s id="s.009872">Non eſt diſcipulus maior ma<lb></lb>giſtro. </s> <s id="s.009873">Sed quum homines ſint veluti tym<lb></lb>pana, quæ niſi pulſentur, nihil ſunt, pul<lb></lb>ſata homines etiam nolentes, in ſui trahunt <lb></lb>admirationem, conuenit vt qui velut aliquo <lb></lb>eſſe in numero, vt omnia verſet, & aſſiduè <lb></lb>omnia iactet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009874"><margin.target id="marg1377"></margin.target>Monſtra cur <lb></lb>in vtero vi<lb></lb>uant, nata <lb></lb>non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009875"><margin.target id="marg1378"></margin.target>Quæ <expan abbr="mõſtra">monſtra</expan> <lb></lb>viuant, quæ <lb></lb>non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009876"><margin.target id="marg1379"></margin.target>Cur rarò <lb></lb>monſtra <lb></lb>abortiantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009877">Monſtra an <lb></lb>ex intento <lb></lb>fine.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009878"><margin.target id="marg1380"></margin.target>Monſtra an <lb></lb>aliquid præ<lb></lb>monſtrent <lb></lb>ſemper.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009879"><margin.target id="marg1381"></margin.target>Cur in Ægy<lb></lb>pto monſtra <lb></lb>plura.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009880"><margin.target id="marg1382"></margin.target>Cauſæ gene<lb></lb>rationis <expan abbr="mõ-ſtrorum">mon<lb></lb>ſtrorum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009881"><margin.target id="marg1383"></margin.target>Homines in<lb></lb>clyti maio<lb></lb>res operibus <lb></lb>profeſſores re <lb></lb>linquunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009882">Modus quo <lb></lb>quis magnus <lb></lb>euadat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009883">Hoc cum faciant clarorum virorum <lb></lb>alumni, alioquin haud imperiti, earum re<lb></lb>rum, quas illi inuenerunt, ob hoc ſucceſſo<lb></lb>res magnorum virorum maiores habentur <lb></lb>ipſis inuentoribus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009884">Iam tandem ſupereſt, vt cum de omnibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1384"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dixerimus, de ipſo principio etiam agamus: <lb></lb>dico autem corde. </s> <s id="s.009885">Videtur tamen princi<lb></lb>pium multipliciter dici: aut originis, velut <lb></lb>ſemen: aut generationis, vt primæ arteriæ, <lb></lb>& venæ, quæ ad vmbilicum terminantur, <lb></lb>cuius gratia etiam referunt, eos, qui in <lb></lb>Ægypto ſupplicij cauſa excoriantur, non <lb></lb>prius mori, quàm excoriato vmbilico. </s> <s id="s.009886">Ne<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1385"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que liberum eſſe carnifici, niſi conceſſa ve<lb></lb>nia locum eum excoriare, vt diutius dam<lb></lb>natus crucietur. </s> <s id="s.009887">Cauſa huius igitur eſt, quo<lb></lb>niam iam excoriatus ſpiritum vndequaque <lb></lb>exhalauit, ſed non confertim, confertim au<lb></lb>tem per vmbilicum, quia peritonæum per<lb></lb>foratum ibi eſt propter vaſa generationis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009888">itaque eo demùm excoriato debilis iam <lb></lb>factus homo protinus extinguitur. </s> <s id="s.009889">Eſt & <lb></lb>principium motus, vt cerebrum: aut gene<lb></lb>randi, quod generationis principio prius <lb></lb>eſt, vt teſticuli: tum aliis modis dicitur, ſed <lb></lb>omnium & verè principium eſt cor: de illo <lb></lb>igitur tanquam primo, maioréque dignum <lb></lb>admiratione nunc dicendum erit. </s> <s id="s.009890">Quomo<lb></lb>do enim moueatur, & in amoribus ſubſiliat <lb></lb>ac palpitet, ſatis dubitatum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009891">Verùm mo<lb></lb>tus hic naturalis eſt: ſi enim voluntati non <lb></lb>paret, non eſt voluntarius: ſi principium <lb></lb>functionum non fatiſcit, non eſt violentus: <lb></lb>naturalis igitur eſt: at naturalis alius ſimplex <lb></lb>alius compoſitus, dilatatur à facultate, & ab <lb></lb>ea etiam conſtringitur, non ſpontè conſi<lb></lb>det: nam & lentè conſtringitur in debilibus: <lb></lb>& ſequitur fuliginoſi aëris abundantiam <lb></lb>conſtrictio: igitur compoſitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009892">An igitur <lb></lb>calor, an anima? </s> <s id="s.009893">Melius eſt igitur calorem <lb></lb>dicere, vt inſtrumentum, animam autem <lb></lb>vt primum mouens<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> neque enim calor in <lb></lb>contraria diducere aliquid poteſt, anima ve<lb></lb>rò poteſt. </s> <s id="s.009894">Similis igitur eſt cœli motui, & <lb></lb>quòd ab anima, & quòd reditum habet, & <lb></lb>quia nunquam ceſſat, & æqualis eſt. </s> <s id="s.009895">Sed ta<lb></lb>men hic compoſitus extractu, & impulſu, <lb></lb>ille ſimplex: hic non circularis, ſed à cen<lb></lb>tro, & ad centrum, ille circularis: hic pro <lb></lb>affectibus mutatur, ille eſt abſque muta<lb></lb>tione: hic medio caloris fit, ille ab anima <lb></lb>ipſa: reliquæ differentiæ inter hunc, & il<lb></lb>lum ſunt mortalitatis detrimenta. </s> <s id="s.009896">Porrò ani, <lb></lb>mi affectus calorem mouent, inde inſtru<lb></lb>mento moto cordis corpus moueri neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt, ita ex ſolis animi affectibus totum cor<lb></lb>pus manifeſtè immutatur. </s> <s id="s.009897">Affectus verò ipſi <lb></lb>ad nos per ſenſus adueniunt, de quibus nunc <lb></lb>dicendum eſt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="570" xlink:href="016/01/217.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009898"><margin.target id="marg1384"></margin.target>De motu <lb></lb>cordis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009899"><margin.target id="marg1385"></margin.target>Cur exco<lb></lb>riato vmbi<lb></lb>lico homo <lb></lb>moriatur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.217.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/217/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009900"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER TRIGESIMVSTERTIVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009901"><emph type="center"></emph>De ſenſibus, ſenſibuſque ac <lb></lb>voluptate.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1386"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009902"><margin.target id="marg1386"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio, quæ non <lb></lb>ſint niſi <lb></lb>quinque ſen<lb></lb>ſus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009903">PRINCIPO igitur cùm tria <lb></lb>nobis eſſent neceſſaria, con<lb></lb>ſeruatio hominum, beatitu<lb></lb>do, & generis eorum ſem<lb></lb>piternitas, conſeruationi ſen<lb></lb>ſus, beatitudini mens, ſempiternitati gene<lb></lb>ris vis genitalis, quæ propagatione natu<lb></lb>ram continuaret, attributa ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009904">horum <lb></lb>cùm tres ſint differentiæ, totidem etiam ſunt <lb></lb>excellentiæ: Mens finis nobilitate: Genita<lb></lb>lis vis diuturnitate: Senſus commodorum <lb></lb>multitudine præcellunt. </s> <s id="s.009905">Etenim & ob co<lb></lb>gnitionem ipſam propriam, & mentis ſa<lb></lb>lutem ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009906">Vnde quinque eſſe neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009907">Ea enim, quæ nobis occurrunt, partim pro<lb></lb>xima ſunt, partim remota. </s> <s id="s.009908">Quæ autem pro<lb></lb>xima, vel exterius occurrunt, horumque gra<lb></lb>tia ſenſus tactus eſt conſtitutus: vel intùs <lb></lb>aſſumuntur, & ea cùm non niſi nobis vo<lb></lb>lentibus intus aſſumantur, olfactu antea ex<lb></lb>plorare ſatis eſt: nam iam aſſumpta, guſtus <lb></lb>depræhendit. </s> <s id="s.009909">Ea verò quæ non tanguntur, <lb></lb>occurrunt autem, vt fugere poſſemus, cum <lb></lb>directè obuiant, viſu præuidentur: cum au<lb></lb>tem ex obliquo, aërem mouere coguntur <lb></lb>atque ſtrepitum facere, cui auditus præfici<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.009910">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd quinque <lb></lb>ſenſibus opus nobis, & animalibus perfe<lb></lb>ctioribus erat: ſextum autem ſi natura con<lb></lb>ſtituiſſet, nulli vſui futurum. </s> <s id="s.009911">Itaque tantum <lb></lb>erunt quinque ſenſius. </s> <s id="s.009912">Tentauit & hoc Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteles demonſtrare, ſed communibus aſ<lb></lb>ſumptionibus vſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.009913">Verum verò præter <lb></lb>hæc quinque ſenſilia nullum aliud in rebus <lb></lb>ſit, ex finis ratione, quanquam perſpicuum <lb></lb>videatur, magnam tamen habet ambigui<lb></lb>tatem: ne non lateat aliqua qualitas no<lb></lb>bis ignota: velut & id quo canes depræ<lb></lb>hendunt dominos, quanquam ad odorem <lb></lb>pertinere videatur, an fortè melius eſt ali<arrow.to.target n="marg1387"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quid atque præſtantius quod ſentit? </s> <s id="s.009914">Com<lb></lb>munia verò omnibus ſenſilia, & ipſa ſunt <lb></lb>quinque magnitudo, numerus, motus, <lb></lb>quies, & forma. </s> <s id="s.009915">Hæc omnia ſolus viſus <lb></lb>perfectè aſſequitur, quòd illis indigeret in <lb></lb>luce: tactus minus perfectè, quòd ei opus <lb></lb>ſit ſolum hæc diſtinguere in tenebris, dum <lb></lb>oculis non valemus: nam dum oculis vale<lb></lb>mus, ſufficit tactui, vt propria cognoſcat <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1388"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſenſilia. </s> <s id="s.009916">Sunt autem, calidum, frigidum, hu<lb></lb>midum, ſiccum, graue, leue, molle, durum, <lb></lb>lentum, friabile, lene, aſperum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1389"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009917"><margin.target id="marg1387"></margin.target>Communia <lb></lb>ſenſilia, & <lb></lb>ipſa quinque.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009918"><margin.target id="marg1388"></margin.target>Senſus tactus <lb></lb>obiecta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009919"><margin.target id="marg1389"></margin.target>Ouulus ſex <lb></lb>cauſis præ<lb></lb>ſtantior aliis <lb></lb>ſenſibus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009920">Nobiliſſimus autem viſus inter omnia, <lb></lb>quæ exterius comprehendunt: quòd procul <lb></lb>magis, quòd plura, quòd exquiſitius, quòd <lb></lb>celerius, quòd ſub pluribus differentiis, <lb></lb>quòd diuinius. </s> <s id="s.009921">Procul cognoſcere quis du<lb></lb>bitat, cum ſtellas aſſequatur? </s> <s id="s.009922">Plura verò, <lb></lb>quòd nihil luce aut colore certo careat, quæ <lb></lb>ambo oculi ſunt obiecta prima. </s> <s id="s.009923">Exquiſi<lb></lb>tiſſimè etiam, nam nullus ſenſus adeò mi<lb></lb>nutas rerum differentias compræhendit vt <lb></lb>ille. </s> <s id="s.009924">Celerrimè, vt cum ſolus illicò: nam <lb></lb>auris ſoni aduentum expectat, & odoratus <lb></lb>reſpiratione indiget. </s> <s id="s.009925">Differentias plures <lb></lb>agnoſcit colorum, & omnia ( vt dixi) com<lb></lb>munia ſenſilia, vel ſolus, vel maximè cum <lb></lb>ad tactum confertur. </s> <s id="s.009926">Diuinius, vt qui ſolus <lb></lb>nihil afficiatur ſentiendo nec laboret, ſo<lb></lb>luſque intellectui inter ſenſus ſimillimus <lb></lb>exiſtat. </s> <s id="s.009927">Itaque nihil mirum eſt, ſi natura <lb></lb>nos ad timorem compulit in tenebris, vtque <lb></lb>optimo duce deſtitutos. </s> <s id="s.009928">Ergo non nigredo <lb></lb>non obſcuritas tenebrarum nos ad timen<lb></lb>dum impulit, ſed quòd oculi auxilio ca<lb></lb>rentes, imbecilles & omni iniuriæ expoſiti <lb></lb>videamur. </s> <s id="s.009929">Quòd autem ita ſit, oſtendit ſo<lb></lb>cietas, quæ timorem alleuiat, cum tamen <lb></lb>nigredo, & obſcuritas maneant: vixque vl<lb></lb>lus, ſit qui inter multos familiares etiam <lb></lb>in denſiſſimis tenebris timeat, quodque in <lb></lb>ignotis locis, & inſolitis magis timea<lb></lb>mus, quam conſuetis. </s> <s id="s.009930">Igitur oculi ipſi pro <arrow.to.target n="marg1390"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tot amicis ac ſatellitibus ſunt præſidio. </s> <s id="s.009931">Ea <lb></lb>de cauſa ſolùm oculum natura muniuit pal<lb></lb>pebris, vt ſolus tanquam rex nec inuitus la<lb></lb>borare cogeretur, nec cum nollet ociari, <lb></lb>ſed arbitrium videret, quæ vellet, abſtine<lb></lb>ret ſi odiſſet. </s> <s id="s.009932">At auris etiam, quæ nolit, <lb></lb>cogitur audire, & tactus ſentire. </s> <s id="s.009933">Tenuiſſi<lb></lb>mæ autem ſubſtantiæ oculum eſſe ac ſen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1391"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tiendi viſum, indicant tria: quòd exquiſi<lb></lb>tiſſimè diiudicet, quòd imago rei viſæ in <lb></lb>nullo ſubiecto conſtat: nam ſi conſtaret, <lb></lb>in aere maximè haberet ſedem, atque ob <lb></lb>id flatibus ventorum velleretur, quod haud <lb></lb>contingit: denique quod Venere, proflu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1392"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uio ſanguinis, & his, quæ ſanguinem <lb></lb>cogunt maximè lædatur: igitur optimum <lb></lb>in nobis etiam eſt, quod ſubtiliſſimum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009934">Hic ſenſus in aqueo collocatur, tum quia <lb></lb>lucem, & lumen in perſpicua re collocari ne<lb></lb>ceſſe erat: at diximus aërem miſtionem non <lb></lb>ingredi, itaque in ſola aqua <expan abbr="cõſtitui">conſtitui</expan> poterat? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009935">ſpiritus etiam in calido vel ſicco tam tenues <lb></lb>conſumpti fuiſſent. </s> <s id="s.009936">Nec neceſſaria fuit ſicci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1393"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tas ad continendum ſpecies, vt iudicium ſe<lb></lb>quatur, cum lux ac lumen maneant. </s> <s id="s.009937">Sonus <lb></lb>verò cùm haud maneat, ſeruari in ſenſu de<lb></lb>buit, vt iudicium ſequeretur: ob id ſonus in <lb></lb>ſicco poſitus fuit. </s> <s id="s.009938">Igitur quia oculus in frigi<lb></lb>do, & humido, odoratus facultas in calido, & <pb pagenum="571" xlink:href="016/01/218.jpg"></pb>ſicco ſunt conſtituta, atque in propinquis <lb></lb>locis, qui benè ac procul vident, debilem <lb></lb>habent olfactum: & qui benè olfaciunt, <lb></lb>plerunque haud procul vident: lumine igi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1394"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur oculus ac colore vtitur. </s> <s id="s.009939">Sed coloris plu<lb></lb>ra ſunt genera. </s> <s id="s.009940">Ariſtoteles in ſeptem diui<lb></lb>dit, eiſque totidem coaptat ſapores, vt iu<lb></lb>cundiſſimi iucundiſſimis, triſtiſſimi triſtiſſi<lb></lb>mis, medij mediis reſpondeant. </s> <s id="s.009941">Nos poſt<lb></lb>quam ad ſeptem redegiſſe conſpeximus, <lb></lb>cùm nullum numeris tribuat honorem, rati <lb></lb>è numero erraticarum ſumpſiſſe, erraticis <lb></lb>colores, & ſapores dicauimus. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Albus flauus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Dulcis pinguis<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Venus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Croceus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Auſterus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Iupiter<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Puniceus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Acerbus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Luna<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Purpureus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Acidus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Mercurius.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Viridis<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Acutus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Sol<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Caruleus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Salſus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Mars<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Niger fuſcus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Amarus aſper<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> <emph type="italics"></emph>Saturnus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1395"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009942"><margin.target id="marg1390"></margin.target>Cur palpe<lb></lb>bræ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009943"><margin.target id="marg1391"></margin.target>Oculi ſen<lb></lb>ſum eſſe te<lb></lb>nuiſſimum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009944"><margin.target id="marg1392"></margin.target>Viſus in <lb></lb>aqueo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009945"><margin.target id="marg1393"></margin.target>Cur qui be<lb></lb>nè vident, <lb></lb>procul malè <lb></lb>odorant, & <lb></lb>verſa vice.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009946"><margin.target id="marg1394"></margin.target>Septem ſa<lb></lb>porum & <lb></lb>colorum ge<lb></lb>nera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009947"><margin.target id="marg1395"></margin.target>Cur non ſe<lb></lb>ptem odo<lb></lb>rum, & ſono<lb></lb>rum, & qua<lb></lb>litatum ſen<lb></lb>ſibilium ge<lb></lb>nera. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009948">Factus qua<lb></lb>druplex.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009949">Sed cur non in odoribus ac ſonis, & ſen<lb></lb>ſibilibus qualitatibus totidem genera? </s> <s id="s.009950">In <lb></lb>ſenſibilibus quidem qualitatibus plura erant <lb></lb>ſenſuſque tactus non vnus eſt: nam ſenſus <lb></lb>tactus quadruplex videtur. </s> <s id="s.009951">Vnus qui cali<lb></lb>dum, frigidum, humens, ſiccumque diiu<lb></lb>dicat. </s> <s id="s.009952">Secundus, qui dolorem agnoſcit, & <lb></lb>voluptatem. </s> <s id="s.009953">Tertius autem, qui propriè <lb></lb>Veneris gaudia percipit, cùm nulla alia cor<lb></lb>poris parte talem affectum, aut illi ſimilem <lb></lb>ſentiamus. </s> <s id="s.009954">Quartus eſt, qui graue & leue <lb></lb>diſtinguit. </s> <s id="s.009955">Aſperum verò, & lene percipit, <lb></lb>quòd & dolorem, & voluptatem. </s> <s id="s.009956">Nam aſ<lb></lb>perum eſt, quod moleſtia afficit, lene quod <lb></lb>iucundum: friabile & lentum ratione per<lb></lb>cipiuntur. </s> <s id="s.009957">Itaque quatuor ſunt tangendi <lb></lb>modi: nec conuenit tot modis ſeptem ſo<lb></lb>lùm aſſignare differentias. </s> <s id="s.009958">In olfactu late<lb></lb>bant propriæ qualitates, & earum diſcrimi<lb></lb>na, quòd is ſenſus in nobis ſit imbecillimus <lb></lb>in ſonis verò cùm ab vno tantùm proficiſ<lb></lb>cerentur principio, non autem à primis qua<lb></lb>tuor qualitatibus, tot genera inuenire fuit <lb></lb>impoſſibile: igitur cur ſolùm in guſtu, & vi<lb></lb>ſu, ſatis eſt manifeſtum. <arrow.to.target n="marg1396"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009959"><margin.target id="marg1396"></margin.target>Ratio com<lb></lb>præhendendi <lb></lb>diſtantiam, <lb></lb>inde altitu<lb></lb>dinem turris <lb></lb>cum ſpeculo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009960">Quanta verò poſſit oculus, vel his duo<lb></lb>bus accipe ex perimentis. </s> <s id="s.009961">Primò quidem cùm <lb></lb>ſpeculo altitudinem, & diſtantiam turris, in<lb></lb>de etiam profundum maris metiri poteris. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009962">Conſtituto ſpeculo, cacumen turris ex illo <lb></lb>inſpice, diſtantiamque à pedibus tuis per vl<lb></lb>nas metieris: inde loco diligenter ſpeculi ſi<lb></lb>gnato, paululùm per vlnas numero cognitas <lb></lb>recedere à priore loco cum ſpeculo, tantum<lb></lb>que teipſum remoue, vt videas rurſus cacu<lb></lb>men turris. </s> <s id="s.009963">Diſtantiam igitur locorum ſpe<lb></lb>culi, in diſtantiam ſpeculi à pedibus in ſe<lb></lb>cundo ſitu ducito: & quòd prouenit, diuide <lb></lb>per differentiam pedum, & ſpeculi in primo <lb></lb>atque in ſecundo ſitu: & quod exit: eſt nu<lb></lb>merus vlnarum diſtantiæ ſpeculi in ſecundo <lb></lb>ſitu ab imo turris. </s> <s id="s.009964">Hac inuenta altitudinem <lb></lb>oculi tui ducito in diſtantiam iam inuentam <lb></lb>ſpeculi ab imo turris, & hanc diuide per di<lb></lb>ſtantiam ſpeculi, & pedum tuorum in ſecun<lb></lb>do ſitu, & exiens eſt numerus vlnarum alti<lb></lb>tudinis. </s> <s id="s.009965">Exemplum: Sit diſtantia pedum, ac <lb></lb>ſpeculi vlnæ duodecim, ſitus verò ſpeculi ſe<lb></lb>cundi à primo vlnarum quatuor, tuncque <lb></lb>pedes diſtent à ſpeculo vlnis quatuordecim, <lb></lb>altitudo verò mea vlnæ ſex: ducito quatuor <lb></lb>diſtantiam locorum ſpeculi in quatuorde<lb></lb>cim diſtantiam ſpeculi, & pedum in ſecun<lb></lb>do ſitu, & fiunt vlnæ quinquaginta ſex, <lb></lb>quas diuide per duo, differentiam quatuor<lb></lb>decim, & duodecim diſtantiarum pedum, <lb></lb>& ſpeculi, exeunt vlnæ viginti octo diſtan<lb></lb>tiæ ſpeculi in ſecundo ſitu ab imo turris: <lb></lb>hanc multiplica per ſex altitudinem tuam, <lb></lb>fiunt centum ſexagintaocto: diuide per di<lb></lb>ſtantiam ſpeculi, & pedum tuorum in ſecun<lb></lb>do ſitu, & fuit quatuordecim: exibunt duo<lb></lb>decim vlnæ altitudinis turris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009966">Eodem modo maris altitudinem metie<arrow.to.target n="marg1397"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mur: Nam poſito ſpeculo ſupra oculos <lb></lb>ſic vt lapidem videamus è puppi, quem pro<lb></lb>ræ ſubiacentem directè exiſtimamus, detra<lb></lb>hemus duplum diſtantiæ pedum à ſpeculi <lb></lb>directo, ex ſpacio loco lapidis directè ſu<lb></lb>perpoſito, & pedum tuorum intercepto, <lb></lb>reſidiuumque ducemus in altitudinem ſpe<lb></lb>culi ſupra oculos tuos & quod produci<lb></lb>tur, diuidemus per diſtantiam pedum duo<lb></lb>rum & ſpeculi, exibitque profunditas <lb></lb>maris. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009967"><margin.target id="marg1397"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>viſo lapide <lb></lb>in imo maris <lb></lb>altitudinem <lb></lb>illius ſcire <lb></lb>liceat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009968">Ergo tales ſunt oculi vires, & ex infini<lb></lb>tis hæc duo ſeligeremus faciliora exempla: <lb></lb>verùm omnis ſenſus cognitis maximè gau<lb></lb>det cognita in auditu vocantur conſonantia: <lb></lb>in viſu pulchra. </s> <s id="s.009969">Quid igitur eſt pulchritu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1398"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>do? </s> <s id="s.009970">Res viſui perfectè cognita, incognita <lb></lb>amare non poſſumus: ea autem agnoſcit vi<lb></lb>ſus, quæ ſimpliciter conſtant proportione <lb></lb>dupla, tripla, quadrupla, ſeſquialtera, ſeſ<lb></lb>quitertia, vt de humana facie diximus: <lb></lb>cùm igitur columnis ea ratione diſpoſitis, <lb></lb>aut arboribus: aut faciei partibus, illicò in <lb></lb>illis æqualitatem, & ſymmetriam intelli<lb></lb>git, delectatur. </s> <s id="s.009971">Eſt enim delectatio in co<lb></lb>gnoſcendo, vt non cognoſcendo triſtitia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009972">Porrò obſcura, imperfectáque ob id non co<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1399"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gnoſcuntur, quòd ſint infinita, confuſa, in<lb></lb>determinatáque: talia igitur cùm ſint infi<lb></lb>nita cognoſci nequeunt: igitur imperfecta <lb></lb>non poſſunt delectare, nec eſſe pulchra: pul<lb></lb>chrum igitur quicquid commenſuratum eſt, <lb></lb>delectare etiam ſolet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009973"><margin.target id="marg1398"></margin.target>Quid ſit <lb></lb>pulchritudo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.009974"><margin.target id="marg1399"></margin.target>Cur pulchris <lb></lb>delectemur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009975">Ea igitur cauſa nata ſunt columnarum <lb></lb>ponendarum genera: pycnoſtylum, ſyſti<lb></lb>lum, diaſtilum, euſtylum, in areoſtylum, <lb></lb>in comparatione longitudinis, craſſitudinis <lb></lb>cum ſpatiis, & epiſtyliis. </s> <s id="s.009976">Quod igitur non <lb></lb>cognoſcit oculus, proportione numerorum <lb></lb>paruorum ſaltem caret<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & hoc totum ince<lb></lb>ptum, turpe ac rude diiudicat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.009977">Hoc fuit Virtutij conſilium in ædibus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1400"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& earum partibus ab auribus ad oculos <lb></lb>traducere rationem. </s> <s id="s.009978">In venereis igitur pul<lb></lb>chritudinem, nobilitatem, & varietatem <lb></lb>quærimus. </s> <s id="s.009979">Pulchritudo per ſe ( vt dixi ) de<lb></lb>lectat: & in coloribus purpureum, roſeum<lb></lb>que quærimus, qui colos ab extremis ma<lb></lb>ximè diſtat. </s> <s id="s.009980">Nobilitas raritati coniungi<lb></lb>tur: rarò verò magis amamus, quoniam <lb></lb>non tam facilè his licet potiri: nos au<lb></lb>tem ſemper nitimur in vetitum, cupimuſque <pb pagenum="572" xlink:href="016/01/219.jpg"></pb>negata. </s> <s id="s.009981">Varietas etiam & permutatio, & res <lb></lb>intacta è raritatis genere ſunt. </s> <s id="s.009982">Sic & illicitis <lb></lb>quandóque magis angimur, quia difficilius <lb></lb>aſſequitur talia. </s> <s id="s.009983">Omnis igitur noſtra volu<lb></lb>ptas eſt aut in his, quæ per ſe amabilia ſunt, <lb></lb>id eſt, pulchra, ſeu oculo cognita: aut in qui<lb></lb>bus præſtantes nobis videmur: videmur au<lb></lb>tem præſtantes in aſſequendo ea, quæ aliis <lb></lb>negata ſunt, aut quia nobilia, aut qui rara, <lb></lb>aut quia intacta, vel cuſtodia munita, vel <lb></lb>virtute prædita, vel illicita: in omnibus igi<lb></lb>tur his aut horum parte animus delectatur, <lb></lb>gaudétque, acquirit etiam cum famæ, fortu<lb></lb>narum, vitæque iactura. </s> <s id="s.009984">Hic eſt amor ille <lb></lb>fæuus, de quo infrà ſermonem habiturus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1401"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſum. </s> <s id="s.009985">Minùs igitur amant, qui acutè vident, <lb></lb>& non ſolùm minùs, ſed rarius, quòd dili<lb></lb>genter conſideranti rara ſit facies abſoluta, <lb></lb>& quæ vitio careat, tum maximè quòd le<lb></lb>nis cutis glabra, & roſeus color deſiderantur <lb></lb>ad pulchritudinem: amant igitur plerique, <lb></lb>quòd acie præuertatur, aut prius ament, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1402"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inſpiciant, quod amare velint. </s> <s id="s.009986">Ea de cauſa <lb></lb>plurimi <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ſi nolint, amant: coguntur enim <lb></lb>amare præſente pulchritudinis imagine non <lb></lb>ſecùs, ac qui vruntur dolore, neque enim vis <lb></lb>imaginandi ex toto voluntati paret: nec ſi <lb></lb>pulchrum imagineris, liberum eſt, non ama<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.009987">Igitur concepta in imaginante virtute <lb></lb>pulchra forma, nolentes etiam rapimur ad <lb></lb>amorem: ob id ſtudioſi vehementiùs amant, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1403"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ob imaginantis facultatis robur. </s> <s id="s.009988">Hoc autem <lb></lb>exercitatione: contingit itaque & ob ean<lb></lb>dem cauſam circa Veneris actum ex nimio <lb></lb>amore impediri. </s> <s id="s.009989">Nam voluntas contrahit <lb></lb>ſpiritus, & ad ſuperiora reuocat, & imagi<lb></lb>nantem facultatem, à qua maximè iuuatur <lb></lb>Venus, impedit. </s> <s id="s.009990">Homini enim proprium eſt, <lb></lb>non benè operam dare duabus rebus ſimul <lb></lb>Sed commiſeratio Venerem adiuuat, vnde <lb></lb>vim inferentibus prompta Venus<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam ſpi<lb></lb>ritum dilatat, & mouet, repugnantiáque ac<lb></lb>cedit, & quòd imaginandi virtus excitetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.009991">Imaginando enim tenditur membrum, quo<lb></lb>niam vbi è cerebro iucunda effigies animæ <lb></lb>offertur, cor in quo illa reſidet, ſpiritum, & <lb></lb>calorem ad membrum tranſmittit, titilla<lb></lb>tione in eo per neruos excitata. </s> <s id="s.009992">Ergo calor <lb></lb>dum ad ipſum tendit, humidum quod in via <lb></lb>eſt, diſſoluit, & in flatum vertit: ex quo in <lb></lb>pumicoſam membra carnem intruſo, ſtatim <lb></lb>ipſum <expan abbr="tẽditur">tenditur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.009993">Vnde patet primam <expan abbr="animã">animam</expan>, & <lb></lb>totam eſſe in corde. </s> <s id="s.009994">Corque <expan abbr="calidũ">calidum</expan> ad Vene<lb></lb>rem <expan abbr="multũ">multum</expan> facere. </s> <s id="s.009995">Hinc <expan abbr="variarũ">variarum</expan> affectionum <lb></lb>cauſæ patent: nam quibus facilè ac diu ten<lb></lb>ditur, multum eſt concocti pinguis humidi, <lb></lb>quibus autem facilè tenditur ac laxatur te<lb></lb>nuis: quibus verò à priore coitu magis erigi<lb></lb>tur, virga his frigidior pars eiecta eſt: quod <lb></lb>contingit in his, quibus ex mora ſemen cor<lb></lb>ruptum eſt. </s> <s id="s.009996">Senibus verò ob meatuum laxi<lb></lb>tatem contingit, vt extenſa virga flatus per <lb></lb>ventris crepitum erumpat. </s> <s id="s.009997">Lachrymæ verò <lb></lb>vim patientibus profluunt, quòd in dolore <lb></lb>cum ſpe contrahatur cor, & cerebrum, in<lb></lb>de à calore quicquid eſt humidi non ſolùm <lb></lb>in cerebro, ſed etiam in toto ſanguine <lb></lb>exprimitur per oculorum fontes. </s> <s id="s.009998">Lachry<lb></lb>mantur & equi, & phaſiani, dum immi<lb></lb>nens periculum cernunt. </s> <s id="s.009999">Sed vbi ſpes deeſt, <lb></lb>non fit motus, nec lachryma. </s> <s id="s.010000">Ob id in <lb></lb>extremis timoribus aut triſtitia non lachry<lb></lb>mantur. </s> <s id="s.010001">Benè igitur Poëtæ, Nioben in mor<lb></lb>te filiorum lapideam factam finxêre, non <lb></lb>lachrymantem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010002"><margin.target id="marg1400"></margin.target>Vitruuij ra<lb></lb>tio ſubtiliſſi<lb></lb>ma explica<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010003">Tria quæ<lb></lb>runtur ad <lb></lb>Veneris vo<lb></lb>luptatem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010004"><margin.target id="marg1401"></margin.target>Minùs <expan abbr="amãt">amant</expan> <lb></lb>qui acutè <lb></lb>vident.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010005"><margin.target id="marg1402"></margin.target>Cur nonnul<lb></lb>li vel inuiti <lb></lb>ament.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010006"><margin.target id="marg1403"></margin.target>Cur amantes <lb></lb>quandoque <lb></lb>prohibentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010007">ne vti poſſint <lb></lb>Venere cum <lb></lb>amata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010008">Quomodo <lb></lb>imaginando <lb></lb>Venus exci<lb></lb>tetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010009">Lachrymæ <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010010">Fluunt & præ gaudio lachrymæ, quia & <lb></lb>in illo ſanguis extràfertur cum impetu. </s> <s id="s.010011">Ob <lb></lb>id etiam præ gaudio nonnulli mortui ſunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010012">Omnes animi affectus, imo & mores, <lb></lb>oculi oſtendunt, maximè tamen lætitiam, & <lb></lb>triſtitiam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010013">Aures vt oculis ſunt longè in his infe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1404"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>riores, ita in duobus illis præſtant ad diſ<lb></lb>ciplinam tradendam, & affectus animi exci<lb></lb>tandos. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010014"><margin.target id="marg1404"></margin.target>Aurium du<lb></lb>plex priui<lb></lb>legium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010015">Sunt ſoni differentiæ trium generum, <lb></lb>acutus, grauis, & medius: qui à celeri, vel <lb></lb>tardo, mediove, magnus, & paruus, mediuſ<lb></lb>que ab impetus magnitudine procedentes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010016">Sed mollis, & aſper ab inſtrumenti natura. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010017">Sunt & rari, & frequentes ac medij, tum <lb></lb>verò diſſoni, ac conſoni, mediique. </s> <s id="s.010018">Igitur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1405"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſonus inter omnes, quæ ſenſum mouere poſ<lb></lb>ſunt, affectus mouet ſolus, maximè, quòd <lb></lb>ſolus cùm manifeſto ſit motu. </s> <s id="s.010019">Magnus igi<lb></lb>tur aſper, & concitatus, nec conſonus: ad<lb></lb>modum ad iram ac prælia mouet, adeò vt <lb></lb>faciat obliuiſci hominem ſuiipſius. </s> <s id="s.010020">Ob id <lb></lb>rectè in præliis tum maximè in initiis, tu<lb></lb>bis, & tympanis obſtrepunt, & clamorem <lb></lb>edunt milites: etenim magna res eſt morti <lb></lb>ſe offerre: nec niſi gloria, qui nobiles, aut <lb></lb>mente perturbati, quòd maximè inconditis <lb></lb>ſonis ac clamoribus contingit, ſpontè id <lb></lb>agerent. </s> <s id="s.010021">Itaque Pompeium rectè Cæſar re<lb></lb>darguebat, qui velut ituros ad luctam, vel <lb></lb>diſceptaturos de nugis Philoſophorum, mi<lb></lb>lites in initio pugnæ ab impetu cohibuiſſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010022">Molles, rari, parui, concini, ad commiſera<lb></lb>tionem hominem inducunt. </s> <s id="s.010023">Molles, celeres, <lb></lb>parui, concini, ad alacritatem. </s> <s id="s.010024">Graues in fi<lb></lb>ne mediocres, mixtique ex aſperis, & me<lb></lb>diocribus tardi ac parui, ad caſtitatem, ac <lb></lb>prudentiam. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010025"><margin.target id="marg1405"></margin.target>Cur ſolus ſo<lb></lb>nus animi <lb></lb>affectus mo<lb></lb>ueat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010026">Illud ſanè mirum, quod quiſque tamen <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1406"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>poteſt experiri, lanceam ad lyram appoſi<lb></lb>tam, vt tangat, vel ad hominis os, ſi quis <lb></lb>caput lanceæ reliquum dentibus teneat, tan<lb></lb>quam in dentibus ſit auditus ſonum: voces <lb></lb>ac verba procul exaudiet, quorum nec ſo<lb></lb>num ſecùs audire poſſet. </s> <s id="s.010027">Denique vide qua<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1407"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>les motus in ſpiritibus creant affectus, tales <lb></lb>ſonos elige ad eoſdem affectus mouendos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010028">Etenim in ſonos magis conueniunt homi<lb></lb>nes, quàm in aliis ſenſibilibus, quòd ſonus <lb></lb>ſimpliciſſima res ſit, & generalibus tantùm <lb></lb>differentiis varietur. </s> <s id="s.010029">Sapores, & odores, & <lb></lb>colores etiam à mixtione primarum quali<lb></lb>tatem prodeunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010030"><margin.target id="marg1406"></margin.target>Lanceæ expe<lb></lb>rimentum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010031"><margin.target id="marg1407"></margin.target>Cur in ſonis <lb></lb>omnes fermè <lb></lb>homines con<lb></lb>ueniant, non <lb></lb>in ſaporibus <lb></lb>aut colori<lb></lb>bus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010032">Tria omni<lb></lb>bus ſenſibili<lb></lb>bus commu<lb></lb>nia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010033">Sunt porrò communes omnium ſenſibi<lb></lb>lium conditiones tres. </s> <s id="s.010034">Prima, quòd ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) proportione conſtent: nam talia no<lb></lb>ta ſunt, & ob id delectant: inde fit, vt eum <lb></lb>diapoſon dupla conſtet, ea maximè dele<lb></lb>ctet aures: inde bis diapoſon quadrupla, pòſt <lb></lb>diapaſon alia diapente tripla, inde diapente <lb></lb>ſeſquialtera, pòſt ſeſquitertia diateſſa<lb></lb>ron. </s> <s id="s.010035">Ditonus ad ſeſquiquartam, & tris <pb pagenum="573" xlink:href="016/01/220.jpg"></pb>hemitonium ſeſquiquintam accedit, dedu<lb></lb>cta octogeſima, vt in Arithmeticis docui. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010036">Integris etiam penè conſtant proportioni<lb></lb>bus lex vocum interualla: altera ſupertripar<lb></lb>tiens quintas, reliqua ſuperbipartiens ter<lb></lb>tias habens. </s> <s id="s.010037">Secunda ratio eſt, quòd mode<lb></lb>rata omnia placent: non grauis ille ac adeò <lb></lb>magnus in Hiſpaniæ inſulæ montibus, qui <lb></lb>homines exurdat, nec qui adeò paruus, vt <lb></lb>eum, qui audit audiendo fatiget. </s> <s id="s.010038">Idem de ce<lb></lb>leri, & tardo, acuto, graui, molli, quódque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1408"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maius eſt, aſpero. </s> <s id="s.010039">Tertia ratio eſt, vt in om<lb></lb>nibus meliora delectent, pòſt deteriora: ver<lb></lb>ſa vice verò offendant. </s> <s id="s.010040">Sic lux poſt tenebras <lb></lb>dulce poſt amarum, roſæ poſt ancethum, con<lb></lb>ſonæ voces poſt diſſonas. </s> <s id="s.010041">Delectatio enim <lb></lb>ac voluptas neceſſariò in aliquo ſenſu ſunt: <lb></lb>ſenſus autem omnis cum mutatione eſt, mu<lb></lb>tatio autem ex contrariis: igitur vel ex bono <lb></lb>in malum, atque hæc eſt triſtitia: delectatio <lb></lb>igitur mutatione mali in bonum erit, ma<lb></lb>lum igitur præfuiſſe neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.010042">Quis edendo <lb></lb>voluptatem capit abſque fame? </s> <s id="s.010043">bibendo <lb></lb>abſque ſiti? </s> <s id="s.010044">Veneris vſu, non præcedente <lb></lb>tentigine? </s> <s id="s.010045">Lucrando abſque cupiditate? </s> <s id="s.010046">Inde <lb></lb>ludendi voluptas adeò magna, propter vi<lb></lb>ciſſitudinem frequentem amittendi, lucran<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1409"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>díque. </s> <s id="s.010047">Hinc etiam delectationis iteratio fre<lb></lb>quens. </s> <s id="s.010048">Et in dicendo quoque voluptas eſt: <lb></lb>quia quæ non nouimus, diſcimus. </s> <s id="s.010049">Vtrum <lb></lb>verò in contemplatione eorum, quæ iam no<lb></lb>uimus, delectatio ſit? </s> <s id="s.010050">Certè aut nulla, aut <lb></lb>minor, quàm quæ ſit, dum diſcimus. </s> <s id="s.010051">Conti<lb></lb>nuata verò actione non delectamur, quia <lb></lb>ignorantia non præceſſit. </s> <s id="s.010052">Eſt autem primus <lb></lb>actus ignorantia quædam. </s> <s id="s.010053">Videntur igitur <lb></lb>pauperes, diuitibus, & principibus maiore <lb></lb>frui delectatione, quia maiore triſtitia affi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1410"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciuntur. </s> <s id="s.010054">Ea quoque ratione fit, vt diapente <lb></lb>in acutis, diateſſaron in grauibus offendat <lb></lb>aurem, contrario ordine delectet: nam grauis <lb></lb>vox poſt acutam, ferit aurem ac manet: igi<lb></lb>tur cùm fuerit grauis ſimplicior acuta dele<lb></lb>ctabit: ſi contrario modo, aurem offendet. </s> <s id="s.010055">At <lb></lb>iam ſuprà oſtendimus, ſimpliciorem eſſe <lb></lb>conſonantiam diapente, quàm diateſſaron: <lb></lb>eadem ratione diateſſaron ſupra ditonum <lb></lb>mulcet aurem, infrà lædit: nam faciliùs perci<lb></lb>pitur ſeſquiquarta, quàm ſeſquitertia, quòd <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1411"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſeſquiquarta à ſeſquialtera pendeat. </s> <s id="s.010056">Igitur <lb></lb>tam in ſonis, quàm picturis, quæ effendunt, <lb></lb>miſcenda ſunt his, quæ delectant, ſed dupli<lb></lb>ci lege obſeruata, prima, vt quæ offendunt, <lb></lb>minùs imprimant in ſenſum his, quæ dele<lb></lb>ctant: altera, netam minutim diſſecentur, <lb></lb>quòd ſenſus non percipiat: diximus enim <lb></lb>conſonantiam, ſeu armoniam eſſe plurimum <lb></lb>vocum, perceptam auri rationem. </s> <s id="s.010057">Si igitur <lb></lb>adeò minutiſſimè concidantur, vt non per<lb></lb>cipiantur à ſenſu, non ſolùm non delecta<lb></lb>bunt, ſed etiam offendent. </s> <s id="s.010058">Ideò pictura flo<lb></lb>rum minutiſſimorum, neque grata eſt, neque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1412"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>delectat: ſic nec literæ adeò paruæ. </s> <s id="s.010059">Sed in his <lb></lb>tum in gemmarum ſculturis minimus er<lb></lb>ror, vel obliquitas deformes reddit: nam ſin<lb></lb>gula ad comparationem ſenſu, diiudicat: ita <lb></lb>in magnis rebus magnos errores, in paruis <lb></lb>paruos ſentit. </s> <s id="s.010060">Verùm auditus minores etiam <lb></lb>agnoſcit differentias viſu, quare & omni <lb></lb>alio ſenſu. </s> <s id="s.010061">Siquidem in acutis vna de tri<lb></lb>ginta tribus: imò ex octoginta pulcherrimè <lb></lb>deprehendit: ditonum enim abſque ea dimi<lb></lb>nutione aſperum iudicat, ea detracta ſuauem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010062">In temporibus ictum vnum in ſexdecim di<lb></lb>uiditur partes. </s> <s id="s.010063">Subtilior igitur auditus viſu, <lb></lb>vel quia (vt dixi) illius ſenſus ſolus fit cum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1413"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>motu, aut quia viſus obiecta, ſcilicet colores, <lb></lb>ob vehementiam contiguitate vitiant ſe mu<lb></lb>tuò, aut quia viſus ſit multorum, auditus au<lb></lb>tem ſimpliciſſimi atque vnici obiecti. </s> <s id="s.010064">Itaque <lb></lb>auxiſſe ictus tempus ac extendiſſe, non pa<lb></lb>rum facit ad voluptatem, vt loco hemioliæ, <lb></lb>quam ſolam noſtri temporis Muſicinorunt <lb></lb>in tempore differentiam, diuiſio in quinas, <lb></lb>aut ſeptenas extendatur partes: hanc cùm <lb></lb>ſemel tantùm audiuerim, iure illud protuli, <lb></lb>Omne rarum precioſum: affectus enim <lb></lb>cùm moueat ſonus, vis in illo eſt manife<lb></lb>ſtiſſima. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010065"><margin.target id="marg1408"></margin.target>Voluptas om<lb></lb>nis ac dele<lb></lb>ctatio dolo<lb></lb>rem præſup<lb></lb>ponit, aut <lb></lb>triſtitiam.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010066"><margin.target id="marg1409"></margin.target>Ludus cur <lb></lb>adeò dele<lb></lb>ctet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010067"><margin.target id="marg1410"></margin.target>Cur diateſ<lb></lb>ſaron ſub <lb></lb>diapento diſ <lb></lb>ſonet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010068"><margin.target id="marg1411"></margin.target>Præceptum <lb></lb>ad volupta<lb></lb>tem in ſenſi<lb></lb>libus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010069"><margin.target id="marg1412"></margin.target>In literis, & <lb></lb>gemmarum <lb></lb>ſculpturis, <lb></lb>errores <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>minimi ma<lb></lb>gnam <expan abbr="pariũt">pariunt</expan> <lb></lb><expan abbr="deformitatẽ">deformitatem</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010070"><margin.target id="marg1413"></margin.target>Modus au<lb></lb>gendi dela<lb></lb>ctationem in <lb></lb>muſica.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010071">Inter multa antiquorum exempla, duo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1414"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inuenio præclara, virtutis ſoni ad commo<lb></lb>uendos animi affectus. </s> <s id="s.010072">Alterum Timothei, <lb></lb>qui modo mutato Alexandrum coëgit ala<lb></lb>critate impulſum exilire è conuiuio. </s> <s id="s.010073">Reli<lb></lb>quum, quòd Agamemnon diſceſſurus è pa<lb></lb>tria, profecturúſque Troiam, de vxoris pu<lb></lb>dicitia dubitans Clytemneſtræ <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſic enim ea <lb></lb>vocabatur)citharædum reliquit, qui ſono il<lb></lb>lam citharæ adeò ad pudicitiam, & conti<lb></lb>nentiam incitabat, vt Ægyſtus non niſi oc<lb></lb>ciſo citharœdo, ea potiri potuerit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010074"><margin.target id="marg1414"></margin.target>Mira exem<lb></lb>pla mouendi <lb></lb>affectus ſono.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010075">Qui verò maximè delectant ſoni, & ipſi <lb></lb>ad incontinentiam trahunt, ſtudioſos dum <lb></lb>nimis muſicæ reddunt: velut hydraulica or<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1415"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gana, quorum Nero ſuauitate mira delini<lb></lb>tus, etiam inter vitæ, & imperij pericula, <lb></lb>exercituum, & ducum defectiones, immi<lb></lb>nénſque exitium manifeſtum, curam non ne<lb></lb>glexit. </s> <s id="s.010076">Aquam hæc continent, pluribúſque <lb></lb>fiſtulis aër immiſtus aquæ modulationem <lb></lb>cum ſuſurro miſtum emittit. </s> <s id="s.010077">Tradit Vitru<lb></lb>uius horum rationem. </s> <s id="s.010078">ſed poſtquam Nero<lb></lb>nis ætate, Vitruuij libros vulgatos conſtat, <lb></lb>veriſimile mihi non videtur ea fuiſſe tam <lb></lb>chara Neroni, quæ adeò vulgata ratione con<lb></lb>ſtructa eſſent. </s> <s id="s.010079">Itaque Vitruuij normam pro <lb></lb>modulo potiùs, quàm exquiſita ratione ha<lb></lb>bendam cenſeo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010080"><margin.target id="marg1415"></margin.target>Hydraulica <lb></lb>organa </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010081">Sed non ſolùm nepoti Cæſari adeò pla<lb></lb>cuerunt muſica inſtrumenta, ſed & Daui<lb></lb>dem regem fortiſſimum, virúmque ſeuerum, <lb></lb>Pſalterij dulcedo detinuit, quæ & Saulem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1416"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>furientem lenibat. </s> <s id="s.010082">Neque vulgarem harmo<lb></lb>niam huius inſtrumenti eſſe credendum eſt, <lb></lb>cuius toties ſacra pagina meminerit, <expan abbr="quódq.">quódque</expan> <lb></lb>vnum inter reliqua ad laudes diuinas cele<lb></lb>brandas aptum fuiſſe iudicarint. </s> <s id="s.010083">Conſtat <lb></lb>fidibus ſeptuaginta duobus, forma triquetra <lb></lb>ad vnguem, cuius ſymphonia incomparabi<lb></lb>lis eſt. </s> <s id="s.010084">Vidimus & alia inſtrumenta ſingula<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1417"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ris voluptatis <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> artificij, vt quæ tubarum, <lb></lb>tympanorum, fiſtularum, tibiæ, lyræ, cor<lb></lb>nuum, teſtudinis, phormingis, ſyringæ, hep<lb></lb>tachordij, organorum propriæ dictorum, <lb></lb>ſambucæque vocem exprimerent. </s> <s id="s.010085">Hydrau<lb></lb>lica auium cantus, vt niſi videas, ementiun<lb></lb>tur, ita autem vt dixeris: cornua humanis <lb></lb>vocibus ſunt proxima, additis foraminibus: <pb pagenum="574" xlink:href="016/01/221.jpg"></pb>cùm olim abſque illis, ad prælium milites <lb></lb>excitarentur. </s> <s id="s.010086">Vnde Virgilius: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph>——<emph type="italics"></emph>Crepuerunt cornua cantu.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><lb></lb>Incondita ſanè muſica abſque modulis, to<lb></lb>nitruíque ſimilior. </s> <s id="s.010087">Sed tonitrus ſonum edit <lb></lb>grauem, vehementem, & inconditum, adeò <lb></lb>vt pullos in ouo, & fœtus in vtero quando<lb></lb>que perimat. </s> <s id="s.010088">Itaque hic maximè à muſica <lb></lb>abhorret. </s> <s id="s.010089">Nec tamen eſt impoſſibile ex plu<lb></lb>ribus talibus inter ſe diſtantibus, concentum <lb></lb>fieri, qui exauditus pro miraculo habeatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010090">At verò de ſonis, eorúmque affectibus in li<lb></lb>bris Muſicæ à nobis abundè tractatum eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1418"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Nunc verò tantùm adieciſſe ſufficiat, quòd <lb></lb>ſonus maior eò fit, quò impetu maiore col<lb></lb>liſio contingit: omnis enim ſonus ex colli<lb></lb>ſione: acutior verò, quò perarctiora loca fer<lb></lb>tur, quod colliditur. </s> <s id="s.010091">Indicio ſunt glandium <lb></lb>calyces inter digitos retenti auerſa parte, <lb></lb>qui vbi vehementer inſufflaueris, acutiſſi<lb></lb>mos reddunt cibilos, & validiſſimos: acutiſſi<lb></lb>mi quidem ob loci anguſtiam, validiſſimi ob <lb></lb>impetum. </s> <s id="s.010092">Sed impetum etiam adiuuat loci <lb></lb>anguſtia, igitur acuti ſoni grauibus longiùs <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1419"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>exaudiuntur. </s> <s id="s.010093">Sed qui ſpontè fiunt in auribus <lb></lb>tenuioréſque ſunt, quàm qui in tinnitu, cre<lb></lb>diti ſunt aliquid inaugurari, dextra quidem <lb></lb>laudem, ſiniſtra vituperationem aliis in dæ<lb></lb>monas quorum exiliores eſſe tradunt voces, <lb></lb>aliis in ſenſus acumen referentibus: nam ſa<lb></lb>nis hoc contingit auribus, ac procul à mor<lb></lb>bi ſuſpicione. </s> <s id="s.010094">Aliis per vocatam ſympa<lb></lb>thiam: nam vis ea, quæ alium mouet, mouet <lb></lb>& ſenſum eius, in quem fertur. </s> <s id="s.010095">Hoc autem <lb></lb>neque in omnibus, neque ſemper. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1420"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010096"><margin.target id="marg1416"></margin.target>Pſalterium <lb></lb>quale.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010097"><margin.target id="marg1417"></margin.target><expan abbr="Inſtrumentũ">Inſtrumentum</expan> <lb></lb>muſicum I 2<gap></gap><lb></lb>ſimul inſtru<lb></lb>mentorum <lb></lb>vocem refe<lb></lb>rens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010098">Inſtrumento <lb></lb>rum muſico<lb></lb>rum imita<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010099"><margin.target id="marg1418"></margin.target>Senſibili <lb></lb>acutiſſimi <lb></lb>vnde fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010100"><margin.target id="marg1419"></margin.target>Sonitus au<lb></lb>rium, qui <lb></lb>ſpontè fit, an <lb></lb>aliquid por<lb></lb>tendat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010101"><margin.target id="marg1420"></margin.target>Odoris priui<lb></lb>legium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010102">Proximus ſono odor nobilitate eſt, cuius <lb></lb>proprium, virtutem aut recreare, aut proſter<lb></lb>nere, quòd cerebrum ipſum per ſe petat: ne<lb></lb>que enim ſonus, color, ſaporve, aut calor, fri<lb></lb>guſve, rectà feruntur ad cerebrum. </s> <s id="s.010103">Igitur ſo<lb></lb>lus odor ex his, quæ ſentiuntur, aut occide<lb></lb>re, aut recreare hominem poteſt. </s> <s id="s.010104">Nam ſpiri<lb></lb>tum, in quo animæ opus eluceſcit, aut bonus <lb></lb>nutrit, aut malus deſtruit. </s> <s id="s.010105">Itáque ea de cauſa <lb></lb>thura aliis <expan abbr="adolẽtur">adolentur</expan>, quòd diuina pars in no<arrow.to.target n="marg1421"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bis odoribus gaudeat. </s> <s id="s.010106">Atque etiam ob id <lb></lb>optimum omen cenſetur, præſentíſque ali<lb></lb>cuius diuinitatis, quum odor bonus abſque <lb></lb>cauſa ſentitur. </s> <s id="s.010107">Et corpora ſanctorum, quum <lb></lb>cætera fœteant, bene olere ob id creditum <lb></lb>eſt, vt diuinitatis aduerſus naturæ decreta pu<lb></lb>gnante. </s> <s id="s.010108">Nec tamen ſecundùm naturam im<lb></lb>poſſibile eſt humanum cadauer recens non <lb></lb>malè olere, vt de Alexandro fertur, aut anti<lb></lb>quum, & ſiccatum benè. </s> <s id="s.010109">Nam quum quo<lb></lb>rundam animalium bene oleat mortuorum, <lb></lb>hominis verò temperies ad cuiuſque anima<lb></lb>lis ſimilitudinem extendatur, manifeſtum eſt <lb></lb>cadauera aliqua hominum poſſe benè olere: <lb></lb>eſt enim odor bonus, vel in animalia ſicciſ<lb></lb>ſimo, vel in illius parte ſicciſſima. </s> <s id="s.010110">Hoc au<lb></lb>tem eò magis, quod multa corpora, quæ in <lb></lb>veneratione habentur, balſamo vel aromati<lb></lb>bus, vnguentiſve ſpicatis condiri ſolent. </s> <s id="s.010111">So<lb></lb>lus igitur hic ſenſus animæ, & corpori com<lb></lb>munis eſſe videtur, & ideò cum vaporibus <lb></lb>transfertur, vt quæ tanguntur, guſtantúrque: <lb></lb>& ſine his materia omni carens, vt quæ vi<lb></lb>dentur, aut audiuntur, ob id eos, qui olfactu <lb></lb>præſtant, non aliis ſenſibus, ſagaces voca<lb></lb>mus: vt canes, vulteréſque. </s> <s id="s.010112">Homines verò, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1422"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui olfactu præſtant, ſunt ingenioſiores, <lb></lb>quoniam calida, & ſicca cerebri temperies <lb></lb>olfactu præſtat: talis verò ad imaginandum <lb></lb>prompta ob caliditatem, & imaginum te<lb></lb>nax, ob ſiccitatem eſt. </s> <s id="s.010113">Nullum verò aliud <lb></lb>animal odore ipſo oblectatur, ſed homo ſo<lb></lb>lus: nam & ſi canes ſentiant florum odores, <lb></lb>non tamen his oblectantur. </s> <s id="s.010114">Non enim po<lb></lb>tuerunt, aut expediebat belluas delectari, <lb></lb>niſi in guſtu aut tactu. </s> <s id="s.010115">His quidem neceſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1423"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fuit, vt fame non perirent, aut generationem <lb></lb>negligerent, aut lædentia non vitarent, ſi <lb></lb>guſtu, & tactu voluptatem ac dolorem non <lb></lb>ſentirent: ſed in aliis ſenſilibus (vt dixi)non <lb></lb>potuit eſſe delactatio, aut dolor: quia dele<lb></lb>ctatio, in cognitione proportionis poſita eſt <lb></lb>ipſorum, quæ ſentiuntur: vt duplæ, & hemio<lb></lb>liæ: at has cognoſcere, altioris eſt virtutis <lb></lb>quam quæ belluis ineſt: igitur nec triſtari, <lb></lb>nec dolere, aut delectari potuerunt. </s> <s id="s.010116">Multò <lb></lb>minùs etiam expediebat illis: nam facillimè <lb></lb>allecti picturis, aut ſpinis, odoribuſve, inci<lb></lb>derent in laqueos. </s> <s id="s.010117">Indicio eſt, quòd cerui, <lb></lb>qui ſolùm ſtupent, non delectantur lyræ ſo<lb></lb>no, ſic exponuntur inſidiis hominum: & co<lb></lb>turnices, ſimulata fœminæ voce, & agreſtes <lb></lb>auiculæ à concluſis cauea. </s> <s id="s.010118">Quanta lupis, & <lb></lb>piſcibus ex odore iactura, miſeríque homi<lb></lb>num dolis ſubiiciuntur. </s> <s id="s.010119">Sed carere odoratu <lb></lb>miſerius fuiſſet, quia erat neceſſarius. </s> <s id="s.010120">Fruſtrà <lb></lb>igitur in aliis ſenſibus natura delectationem <lb></lb>belluis adieciſſet, nulli vſui præterquam ad <lb></lb>perniciem pro futuram. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010121"><margin.target id="marg1421"></margin.target>Odoris <lb></lb>omen.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010122"><margin.target id="marg1422"></margin.target>Cur homines <lb></lb>olfactu præ<lb></lb>ſtantes inge<lb></lb>nioſi ſint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010123"><margin.target id="marg1423"></margin.target><expan abbr="Nullũ">Nullum</expan> ani<lb></lb>mal potuit, <lb></lb>aut debuit <lb></lb>delectari <lb></lb>alio ſenſu, <lb></lb>quam guſtus <lb></lb>& tactus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010124">Adduntur ſaporibus odores à cocis meri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1424"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tò, quod illis nihil per ſe præcipuum adſit, <lb></lb>cùm tamen quidam ſaporibus adiecti pla<lb></lb>ceant, qui per ſe diſplicent, vt allij. </s> <s id="s.010125">Nam al<lb></lb>lium obſoniis inditum delectat eius odor <lb></lb>perſe malus, & poſtquam ederis, halitum in<lb></lb>ficit odore teterrimo. </s> <s id="s.010126">Sed & in quibuſdam <lb></lb>etiam magis poſt diem, quoniam craſſa ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia multo tempore amplam vaporum <lb></lb>multitudinem, tenuiorémque generat. </s> <s id="s.010127">Et <lb></lb>ſanguis etiam, qui ad pulmones fertur, odo<lb></lb>rem retinet: & excrementa ipſa allium olent <lb></lb>corruptum, aliquid quoque ex ventriculo <lb></lb>per gulam reſudat in pulmones. </s> <s id="s.010128">Huius cauſa <lb></lb>excogitatum eſt, vt ſolùm guſtando odor <lb></lb>ſentiatur, non reddatur, nec offendat: id fiet <lb></lb>ſi allium in aceto dimiſeris, affricueris etiam <lb></lb>lancibus, ipſius verò ſubſtantiam abie<lb></lb>ceris. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010129"><margin.target id="marg1424"></margin.target>Cur ſapori<lb></lb>bus odores <lb></lb>iungantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010130">Allij vis mi<lb></lb>ra.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010131">Quæ ratio in pipere, & gingibere, ac cina<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1425"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>momo obſeruanda, vbi ſapor, & odor illo<lb></lb>rum te delectent, calorem tamen eorum ve<lb></lb>rearis. </s> <s id="s.010132">Modus verò alius in his Apitij ad <lb></lb>compendium rei familiaris, quo odor, & ſa<lb></lb>por manet, ſemunciáque cinamomi in totum <lb></lb>annum ſufficit. </s> <s id="s.010133">Cinamomum tenue odora<lb></lb>tum, diuiſúmque in fruſtula ſemunciæ pon<lb></lb>dere inter 12. aut 16. amygdalas excorticatas <lb></lb>reponito, ac conſtringito: his pro vſu ſubla<lb></lb>tis alias reponito. </s> <s id="s.010134">Sic etiam parua impenſa <lb></lb>edes omnia moſchi odore fragrantia. </s> <s id="s.010135">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi ſaporem addere vis, incoquito, vt ſi acrem <lb></lb>ſinapis. </s> <s id="s.010136">Quæ etiam facit, vt legumina, & <lb></lb>carnes celerrimè, & vſque ad diſſolutionem <pb pagenum="575" xlink:href="016/01/222.jpg"></pb>coquantur, nam caliditate, & tenuitate, qui<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1426"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bus præſtat, penetrat, & lique facit. </s> <s id="s.010137">Simili ra<lb></lb>tione ligno iuniperi veru factum, carnes <lb></lb>omnes, quæ in eo torrentur, odore afficit iu<lb></lb>cundo. </s> <s id="s.010138">Multi autem ligneis verubus vtuntur <lb></lb>pro ferreis. </s> <s id="s.010139">Itaque animaduertendum eſt, ex <lb></lb>quibus lignis fiunt verua: vbi enim ſapor at<lb></lb>que odor, ibi vires. </s> <s id="s.010140">Manifeſtum eſt igitur <lb></lb>aliquid & hoc, & talia ad ſalutem conferre. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010141">Sed & non ſolùm arte, verùm natura etiam <lb></lb>ſaporibus iuncti ſunt odores: caro enim aſ<lb></lb>ſata tunc optima eſt atque tollenda, cùm <lb></lb>optimè olet. </s> <s id="s.010142">Saporis enim indicium odor. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010143"><margin.target id="marg1425"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>odor abſque <lb></lb>ſubſtantia in <lb></lb>obſoniis re<lb></lb>linquatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010144">Quomodo ci<lb></lb>namomi ſe<lb></lb>muncia in <lb></lb>totum <expan abbr="annũ">annum</expan> <lb></lb>ſufficiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010145"><margin.target id="marg1426"></margin.target>Vt omnia ce<lb></lb>leriter, & <lb></lb>benè <expan abbr="caquã-tur">coquan<lb></lb>tur</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010146">Vt caro aſſa<lb></lb>ta benè oleat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010147">Saporis odor <lb></lb>eſt indicium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010148">Gari deſcri<lb></lb>ptio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010149">Sunt verò qui acri ſapore delectentur, <lb></lb>alij ſalſo, vnde garum in vſu antiquis, ſi quid <lb></lb>aliud fuit. </s> <s id="s.010150">Eius deſcriptio: Inteſtina, cruor, <lb></lb>branchiæque thynnorum vaſe includuntur, <lb></lb>aſperſa ſale multo, qui poſt duos menſes è <lb></lb>fundo excipitur liquatus. </s> <s id="s.010151">Aliud ex inteſtinis <lb></lb>fit magnorum piſcium, tum etiam piſci<lb></lb>culis, maximè Mœnis cum ſale conditis. </s> <s id="s.010152">Vſus <lb></lb>eius (vt dixi) iucundus antiquis, tum etiam <lb></lb>ſalubris, apud nos nunc exoleuit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010153">Dubitabit autem aliquis, cur cibi quidam <lb></lb>ſenſum potus immutent ad contrarium, vt <lb></lb>amara, nam potus dulcis ab eis videtur, alij <lb></lb>ad ſimilem, vt acria? </s> <s id="s.010154">Sed neque ab amaris <lb></lb>omnibus velut aloë potus dulcis videtur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010155">odores autem ſimiles ſemper efficiunt? </s> <s id="s.010156">Ve<lb></lb>lut de pane cocto tædæ lignis referunt: eum <lb></lb>enim odorem à potu remittere Iulius ſcali<lb></lb>ger ſcripſit. </s> <s id="s.010157">Si ei credere fas eſt. </s> <s id="s.010158">Cauſa ho<lb></lb>rum eſt, quoniam odores, qui in lingua reſi<lb></lb>dent, ex potu ad olfactum referuntur, atte<lb></lb>nuatis partibus: humidum enim faciliùs in <lb></lb>halitum ſoluitur, quàm ſiccum. </s> <s id="s.010159">Ciborum <lb></lb>autem, qui guſtum lædunt, ſimilem affecto <lb></lb>inſtrumento ſaporem referunt: qui non læ<lb></lb>dunt, vt abſinthium adueniente potum dum <lb></lb>amator eluitur, ex doloris ſimilitudine deli<lb></lb>ciæ imaginem præbent. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1427"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010160"><margin.target id="marg1427"></margin.target><expan abbr="Acetũ">Acetum</expan> quo<lb></lb>modo fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010161">Acetum fit ſale impoſito, & re quacun<lb></lb>que acri, quæ non putreſcat (expertus ſum <lb></lb>ego piper)lucróque cedet ſi ſiliquaſtrum ſer<lb></lb>uetur. </s> <s id="s.010162">Fit & igne: cùm enim feruet, inde ex<lb></lb>ponitur Soli, aceto iam admiſto, totam faci<lb></lb>lè aceſcit. </s> <s id="s.010163">Aliud optimum: Corna cùm ru<lb></lb>bere incipiunt, & rubi mora, & centimora, <lb></lb>quæ in campis naſcuntur, dum acerba ſunt, <lb></lb>ſicca tere, & aceto acri excepta, in orbiculos <lb></lb>compone. </s> <s id="s.010164">Hæc cùm ſiccata fuerint, exemplo <lb></lb>vinum in acetum vertunt. </s> <s id="s.010165">Cauſa horum eſt, <lb></lb>quòd ignis, & Sol humidum pingue euaneſ<lb></lb>cere faciunt, vnde aceſcit, quoniam ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia tenuis eſt: at ſi craſſa, vertuntur in ſalſe<lb></lb>dinem, inde in amaritudinem: compoſitio <lb></lb>verò hæc acida eſt potentia, in qua calor <lb></lb>eſt concluſus, qui quidquid eſt pinguis, ex<lb></lb>halare facit. <arrow.to.target n="marg1428"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010166"><margin.target id="marg1428"></margin.target>Vinum cor<lb></lb>ruptum quo<lb></lb>modo in ace<lb></lb>tum verta<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010167">Qua ratione factum eſt, vt & putridum <lb></lb>vinum in acetum verteretur. </s> <s id="s.010168">Vinum corru<lb></lb>p <expan abbr="ũ">um</expan> in vaſe excoquitur ac deſpumatur aſſi<lb></lb>duè, donec tertia parte decreſcat: <expan abbr="cõditur">conditur</expan> va<lb></lb>ſis acetum ſeruare conſuetis, additis his <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>quæ <expan abbr="acetũ">acetum</expan> facere ſolent, qualia ſunt, quæ di<lb></lb>ximus: & præter ea ſerpyllum: herba hæc <lb></lb>nota, & acris, conficiendóque aceto aptiſſi<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.010169">Pyra autem agreſtia adeò ad acetum <lb></lb>conficiendum valent, vt ex his & aqua etiam <lb></lb>acetum conficiatur. </s> <s id="s.010170">Nam & aqua ipſa, non <lb></lb>ſolùm vinum in acetum vertitur, teſte Ga<lb></lb>leno. </s> <s id="s.010171">Modus autem conficiendi hic eſt: Py<arrow.to.target n="marg1429"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ra agreſtia triduo ſeruantur in cumulo, inde <lb></lb>aqua ſuperfunditur pauca, ſinguliſque die<lb></lb>bus vſque ad dies triginta. </s> <s id="s.010172">Licet etiam poſt <lb></lb>hæc repetere: nam ſublata dulci parte, pu<lb></lb>tredinis auxilio aqua in acetum tranſit. </s> <s id="s.010173">Da<lb></lb>ctyli enim, & caricæ, & vuæ, expreſſo dul<lb></lb>ciore ſucco, inde aqua addita, primò qui<lb></lb>dem ac ſecundò vinum, tertiò verò acetum <lb></lb>acerrimum detrahitur. </s> <s id="s.010174">Atque hoc ſæpiùs <lb></lb>expertum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010175">Non igitur ex aqua propriè, <lb></lb>ſed ex acri ſucco, dum aqua ſuperfunditur, <lb></lb>fit acetum. </s> <s id="s.010176">Quippe in aceto duæ ſunt partes, <lb></lb>acris, & acida: quædam igitur acrem, quæ<lb></lb>dam acidum, & quædam vtrumque exci<lb></lb>tant ſaporem. </s> <s id="s.010177">Vtrunque excitat vas aceto <lb></lb>imbutum, quo nihil eſt præſtantius, ipſúm<lb></lb>que acetum. </s> <s id="s.010178">Acrem ſaporem acria, piper, <lb></lb>ſiliquaſtrum, allium: acidum acerba corna, <lb></lb>pyra ſylueſtria, ac talia, tum calor quicun<lb></lb>que, vt Solis, & ignis: proprium enim cogis <lb></lb>exhalare. </s> <s id="s.010179">Vbicunque enim terreum purum <lb></lb>ac fœci ſimile, aqueo admiſcetur, fit acidus <lb></lb>ſapor: fæx enim acida. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010180"><margin.target id="marg1429"></margin.target>Acetum ex <lb></lb>aqua quomo<lb></lb>do fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010181">Sed ſi vinum, ne acceſcat contraria ra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1430"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tione prohibere velis, lardum è vaſis oper<lb></lb>culo ſuſpende, pinguedine, & ſalſedine pro<lb></lb>hibet ſeparationem, & attenuationem, à qui<lb></lb>bus cauſis acetum generatur Eadem arte, ſed <lb></lb>non cauſa, odorem mucidum à vino, & va<lb></lb>ſe ſimul tollunt, ſuſpenſis meſpilis ex oper<lb></lb>culo vtris: hæc in quatuor inciſa, & inſuta <lb></lb>filo demittuntur in vinum per menſem: & <lb></lb>quamuis conſtanter affirment, quod dixi <lb></lb>ſequi, non tamen hoc mihi, vt vellem, per<lb></lb>ſpectum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010182">Securius illud & certa ratio<lb></lb>ne inuentum, quòd ſi in vaſe intus & extrà <lb></lb>picato, concluſóque muſtum poſitum fue<lb></lb>rit, ac vas ipſum flumine per menſem mer<lb></lb>gatur, toto anno dulce futurum, ſi ab initio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1431"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tale fuerit: nam à caliditate picis vinum <lb></lb>ſeruatur impoſterum, aquæ verò frigiditas, <lb></lb>ne ferueat, prohibet: quare ne dulces par<lb></lb>tes exhalent: à calore enim muſtum tran<lb></lb>ſit in vinum: manet igitur & muſtum, & <lb></lb>dulce, & turbidum Seruatur & admiſta mu<lb></lb>ſto alba ſinabi. </s> <s id="s.010183">Vinum enim tribus cauſis <lb></lb>præſtat, aut ſapore, aut ſuauitate, aut robo<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.010184">Omnibus his ſimul cretico nihil melius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1432"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt: proximum quod ex Hiſpaniis aduehi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.010185">Eſt enim ſuaue, pingue, molliter, craſ<lb></lb>ſum, perſpicuum, odoratum adeò vt nares <lb></lb>feriat. </s> <s id="s.010186">Salubre & natura incorruptum: ſic vt <lb></lb>etiam vina aliqua corrupta referre poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010187">Vua tamen paſſa Cretica longè præſtantior <lb></lb>eſt Hiſpanica, ſed robore tantùm picata vina <lb></lb>Græca, quæ Romania vocant, Veneti vti<lb></lb>liſſima, vteri doloribus non ſolùm vini cau<lb></lb>ſa, ſed picis, aut eorum, quæ immiſceri ſo<lb></lb>lent. </s> <s id="s.010188">Quod verò Ianuæ vocant amabile, præ<lb></lb>ſtat robore, & ſuauitate, ideò ventriculo <lb></lb>commodiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.010189">Sapore autem, & iucundi<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.222.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/222/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tate, alba Florentina, quæ vo<lb></lb>cant Tribiana: & flaua Benaci <lb></lb>lacus, quæ vocant Vernacipla, <lb></lb>ſeu Vinacipla. </s> <s id="s.010190">Ne autem effun<lb></lb>dantur, dum ex vaſe hauriuntur fiſtulæ AD <pb pagenum="576" xlink:href="016/01/223.jpg"></pb>pars D, vaſi intruditur A ſolida eſt, ſceptrum <lb></lb>aliud, in quo anguſtum foramen, ex quo in <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.223.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/223/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>B canalem tranſuerſum defertur <lb></lb>vinum: in B fiſtula alia intundi<lb></lb>tur oſculo F, excipiente vinum <lb></lb>ex anguſto foramine C, atque <lb></lb>emittente inferiùs per G fora<lb></lb>men, & ob obliquitatem abſque impetu, <lb></lb>cùm ergo circumagitur F, vt non ſit oſcu<lb></lb>lum è regione foraminis C, nihil prorſus <lb></lb>effluit, quoniam fiſtula EFG arctè in trudi<lb></lb>tur ipſi B. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1433"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010191"><margin.target id="marg1430"></margin.target>Vt vinum <lb></lb>non aceſcat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010192">Vt odor mu<lb></lb>cidus à vino <lb></lb>& vaſe tol<lb></lb>latur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010193"><margin.target id="marg1431"></margin.target>Vt muſtum <lb></lb>dulce toto <lb></lb>anno ma<lb></lb>neat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010194"><margin.target id="marg1432"></margin.target>Vinorum dif<lb></lb>ferentiæ, & <lb></lb>præſtantia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010195"><margin.target id="marg1433"></margin.target>Vaſa vina<lb></lb>ria quomodo <lb></lb>picentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010196">De vaſis autem quomodo picentur: li<lb></lb>quata pix effunditur in vtres, & ita agitan<lb></lb>tur, vt vndique hæreat: inde addito iridis <lb></lb>Illiricæ libram vnam: croci, & ligni aloës <lb></lb>ſingulorum vnciam cum dimidia, hyſſopi, <lb></lb>nardíque ſingulorum pondo duo, ſeu libras: <arrow.to.target n="marg1434"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nam pondo: & libra idem ſunt: antequam <lb></lb>igitur refrigeretur pix, & congeletur, addere <lb></lb>oportet, vt hæreant pici, non tamen dum <lb></lb>adhuc feruet, vrerentur enim. </s> <s id="s.010197">Hæc aroma<lb></lb>tum quantitas in vas decem amphorarum <lb></lb>imponi debet: eſt autem amphora triginta <lb></lb>quinque noſtris menſuris continens, octó<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1435"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que amphoræ tribus brentis noſtris fermè <lb></lb>æquantur. </s> <s id="s.010198">Continet enim amphora octua<lb></lb>ginta vnam libram vini in pondere: fit pi<lb></lb>catio ſingulis annis, aut ſaltem alternis: vi<lb></lb>náque quæ in vaſe imponuntur picato, ni <lb></lb>potentia fuerint, in vappam tranſeunt: ob <lb></lb>id in noſtris regionibus, non picantur vaſa. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1436"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Quum autem vina perturbantur, antequàm <lb></lb>ex toto pereant, hoc vtaris, tametſi ſuperiùs <lb></lb>multa me dixiſſe meminerim, auxilio. </s> <s id="s.010199">Oua <lb></lb>duo, vel etiam plura, ſi rubrum ſit vinum: <lb></lb>cum luteo, ſi album: è candido ſolùm, lapi<lb></lb>dum fluminis contritorum partes tres, ſalis <lb></lb>tenuiſſimè triti partes duas, miſce per tres <lb></lb>dies quinquies, aut etiam frequentiùs die<lb></lb>bus ſingulis agitando, nec priùs in vas pu<lb></lb>rum tranſtuliſſe ipſum opus eſt: hoc ſi quid <lb></lb>ſpei relictum eſt, curat. </s> <s id="s.010200">Nam luteum cum <lb></lb>fæce conuenit, album cum vino. </s> <s id="s.010201">Alij cal<lb></lb>cem, & arenam, ſalis, & lapidum loco, cum <lb></lb>albumine iungunt. </s> <s id="s.010202">Melius etiam fit, ſi mellis <lb></lb>quantum ſalis addatur: hæc enim tria, mel, <lb></lb>oua, & ſal, omnes purgant liquores: lapis <lb></lb>autem ad trahendum infrà plurimùm iuuat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010203">Ceraſa etiam acida immiſſa certo experi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1437"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mento, dum feruere cogunt, clarant. </s> <s id="s.010204">In vino <lb></lb>autem ſeruabis toto anno ficus recentes hoc <lb></lb>modo: Decerptas abſque aqua, & rore in <lb></lb>vaſe nouo figulino ita colloca, ne ſe tangant: <lb></lb>ſit autem vas quadratum ipſum ſuprà dili<lb></lb>genter operculo occluſum, vino vt innatet, <lb></lb>quòd ex aëre intùs contento continget, im<lb></lb>ponito: tandiu enim ſeruabuntur ficus, <lb></lb>quandiu vinum manebit incorruptum. </s> <s id="s.010205">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt autem, quòd vas tenue eſſe <lb></lb>oporteat, vt vini, quod tenue eſt, ſeruare ficus <lb></lb>poſſit: nam humido vini, ne ſiccentur prohi<lb></lb>betur: idem humidum quum putredini ob<lb></lb>noxium non ſit, ne putreſcant, prohibet, ſi<lb></lb>quidem (vt dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vinum incorruptum ſuppo<lb></lb>nimus. </s> <s id="s.010206">Quòd ſi ex arbore per hyemem de<lb></lb>cerpere propoſitum ſit priores fructus, dum <lb></lb>parui ſunt, excutito. </s> <s id="s.010207">Suboriuntur enim alij, <lb></lb>quoniam ficus florem non edit. </s> <s id="s.010208">Mala autem <lb></lb>punica, & cotonea, tum alia multa eius ge<lb></lb>neris ſeruantur, aut gypſo illita, aut creta: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1438"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nam quum in loco frigido ſeruantur, frigi<lb></lb>ditate, & ſiccitate incorrupta manent. </s> <s id="s.010209">Alij <lb></lb>antequam omninò ad perfectam veniant <lb></lb>maturitatem, imponunt ea hærentia arbori <lb></lb>fictilibus vaſis, vt vaſa ex arbore pendeant, <lb></lb>diligentérque alligant: vaſis os cum ramo <lb></lb>arboris, ne aër ingredi poſſit, ſicque ſi<lb></lb>nunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010210"><margin.target id="marg1434"></margin.target>Pondo, & li<lb></lb>bra <expan abbr="idẽ">idem</expan> ſunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010211"><margin.target id="marg1435"></margin.target>Amphoræ ca<lb></lb>pacitas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010212"><margin.target id="marg1436"></margin.target>Ad vina per<lb></lb>turbata re<lb></lb>ficienda.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010213"><margin.target id="marg1437"></margin.target>Vt ficus re<lb></lb>centes <expan abbr="ſeruẽ-tur">ſeruen<lb></lb>tur</expan> toto an<lb></lb>no.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010214"><margin.target id="marg1438"></margin.target>Mala punica <lb></lb>quomodo ſer<lb></lb>uentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010215">Si verò mala punica ſpontè aperiantur, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1439"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lapides tres magni, ac è fluminis alueo ſum<lb></lb>pti, ſuppoſitíque radicibus: vel ſcilla propè <lb></lb>plantata prohibebit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010216"><margin.target id="marg1439"></margin.target>Vt mala pu<lb></lb>nica non ape<lb></lb>riantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010217">Eadem ſemina omnia ab animalibus ero<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1440"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dentibus tuetur: illa enim acrem odorem <lb></lb>eius refugiunt. </s> <s id="s.010218">Succus quoque ſemper viui <lb></lb>ſi in eo infundantur ſemina, quæ ſerere vo<lb></lb>lueris, corrupta ea ſeruat: nam animalia par<lb></lb>ua, tum volucres odorem illius, quòd frigi<lb></lb>diſſima ſit herba, velut noxium refugiunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010219">Vt verò fructus habeas præcoces, irriga ſæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1441"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pè calida aqua, Soli expone, ſtercore colum<lb></lb>bino, equinóque foue, aut calce, quæ illam <lb></lb>admittunt, vt ceraſia, & inutiles ramos ſen<lb></lb>ſim ac inutilia quæque præcide. </s> <s id="s.010220">At ſi ſero<lb></lb>tina velis, contraria ratione ages in vmbra, <lb></lb>& multis operta foliis ſinito, præcidito iam <lb></lb>natos fructus cum ramis antequam mature<lb></lb>ſcant, denuò enim florebunt, & alios fructus <lb></lb>mittent: quos vt ad maturitatem deducas, <lb></lb>hyeme vaſis fictilibus, quæ ex arbore pen<lb></lb>deant, includito. </s> <s id="s.010221">Si verò omninò ſterilis <lb></lb>planta ſit, Ariſtoteles conſulit, vt diuiſa <lb></lb>radice lapis immittatur. </s> <s id="s.010222">Nam ſi denſus ſit <lb></lb>cortex, temperato calore fructifera red<lb></lb>ditur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010223"><margin.target id="marg1440"></margin.target>Ne ſemina <lb></lb>lædantur ab <lb></lb>animalibus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010224"><margin.target id="marg1441"></margin.target>Vt fructus <lb></lb>habeas præ<lb></lb>coces. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010225">Vt fructus <lb></lb>habeas ſero<lb></lb>tinos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010226">Platæ ſteriles <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fructiſeræ <lb></lb>reddantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010227">Lib. 1. de <lb></lb>plant. </s> <s id="s.010228">in fine.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010229">Quòd ſi putreſcant fructus in arbore, aut <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1442"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>animalia innaſcantur, hoc ex humido abun<lb></lb>dante euenit, itáque arborem ab imo per<lb></lb>fora, vt inuicem venæ ſectionis habeat: erum<lb></lb>pet enim quicquid eſt ſuperflui humoris: aut <lb></lb>ignium clauum ibidem infige: cauterij enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1443"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>locum hoc auxilium obtinet. </s> <s id="s.010230">Putreſcunt au<lb></lb>tem facilè ceraſa, cùm ex arbore oriantur: <lb></lb>difficulter fraga, cucumeres, pepones quam<lb></lb>vis herbacei. </s> <s id="s.010231">At contrà ex arboreis punica, <lb></lb>meſpila, ſorba, cotonea ſero, quòd ſint acida, <lb></lb>vel acerba. </s> <s id="s.010232">Auellanæ etiam nuces, celeriter <lb></lb>vermem gignunt, tametſi non horarij fru<lb></lb>ctus ſint. </s> <s id="s.010233">Ponticæ nequaquam, nec ficus, <lb></lb>quamuis inter horarios numerari merea<lb></lb>mur. </s> <s id="s.010234">Cauſa autem putredinis, humidum, pin<lb></lb>gue, crudum: in arboribus humidum, pingue, <lb></lb>ſed non in omnibus concoctum: indico eſt, <lb></lb>quòd ceraſa præcioſa ſunt, vuæ & ficus ſe<lb></lb>rotina. </s> <s id="s.010235">Ponticæ nuces, oleum copioſum, vt <lb></lb>ſemina mittunt: herbacei igitur fructus <lb></lb>omnes valdè crudi. </s> <s id="s.010236">Defluentibus autem an<lb></lb>te tempus fructibus, lamina plumbi circum<lb></lb>ligata trunco retinebit: quoniam copioſius <lb></lb>humidum tranſire non patitur. </s> <s id="s.010237">Hoc igitur <lb></lb>in arboribus, quæ corticæ, non medulla <lb></lb>aluntur, præcipuum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010238">Aluntur pleræque <lb></lb>vtroque modo: nam ſi vel cortex aliqua in <lb></lb>parte circumquaque tollatur, aut medulla <lb></lb>tota extrahatur, omnes fermè arbores fru<lb></lb>ctiferæ præſertim intereunt: aliæ quidem <lb></lb>è cortice ſeriùs, vt ficus: aliæ à medulla <pb pagenum="577" xlink:href="016/01/224.jpg"></pb>nunquam, vt ſalix. </s> <s id="s.010239">Sed hæc fructifera non <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1444"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.010240">Quòd ſi mutare colores propoſitum eſt, <lb></lb>arbori inſerito, quæ fructum eius coloris fe<lb></lb>rat: velut citrio in morum inſito, citrium ru<lb></lb>brum ſi rubra mora fuerint, naſcetur. </s> <s id="s.010241">Inuen<lb></lb>tum hac ratione putant, vt roſeapoma fie<lb></lb>rent, primò quidem inſito pomi ſurculo in <lb></lb>mori rubri arborem, inde propagata per in<lb></lb>ſitionum ſucceſſiones planta Indicio eſt hæc <lb></lb>poma colorem non ſolùm, ſed ſaporem, & <lb></lb>paruitatem retinuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.010242">Ergo eadem ratio, <lb></lb>idémque conſilium ac ſingulare mutandi <lb></lb>odorem, ſaporem, & colorem. </s> <s id="s.010243">Veruntamen <lb></lb>etiam prodeſt nouas plantas ſimilibus colo<lb></lb>re, & odore, vel ſapore alere: nam in omni <lb></lb>mutatione veſtigium aliquod eius, ex quo <lb></lb>mutatio fit, ſeruatur. </s> <s id="s.010244">Oportet igitur diutur<lb></lb>nam eſſe mutationem, aut validam: cùm va<lb></lb>lidam arbores non ferant, diuturnam eſſe <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.010245">Videntur etiam mutari plantæ, <lb></lb>propter regiones aut loca, ad quæ transfe<lb></lb>runtur: & loco quidem tanquam alimento, <lb></lb>aut propter ventos, Solémque. </s> <s id="s.010246">Læſæ etiam <lb></lb>mutantur, colore nempe ad vtrunque, ſapore <lb></lb>autem, & odore rarò in meliùs, niſi amaros, <lb></lb>aut acres fructus edant. </s> <s id="s.010247">Sunt etiam qui per<lb></lb>ſica conſitis ſub ipſis rubris roſis rubicunda <lb></lb>fieri exiſtiment, quaſi arbores imaginatione <lb></lb>quadam moueantur, quod in palma certum <lb></lb>eſt, cùm fœmina maſculi amore conſuma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1445"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur, & tabeſcat. </s> <s id="s.010248">Excipiunt omne genus ar<lb></lb>borum inſitum duæ arbores, cydoneum, at<lb></lb>que caprificus, adeò benigna eſt illarum na<lb></lb>tura. </s> <s id="s.010249">Olea etiam quandoque viti inſeritur, <lb></lb>viſáque eſt olim à Varrone apud Macium <lb></lb>Maximum, vocatúrque eleoſtaphylon: fru<lb></lb>ctus eſt, vt oliua, ſaporem acini ſecum mi<lb></lb>ſtum afferens. </s> <s id="s.010250">Inſeritur tamen ea ratione, <lb></lb>qua ſuperiùs dixi, ceraſo vitem inſeri poſſe: <lb></lb>nam tutior hic motus eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1446"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010251"><margin.target id="marg1442"></margin.target>Ne fructus <lb></lb>putreſcant <lb></lb>in arbore.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010252"><margin.target id="marg1443"></margin.target>Quinam fru<lb></lb>ctus non pu<lb></lb>treſcant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010253"><margin.target id="marg1444"></margin.target>Vt fructus <lb></lb>colorem, ſa<lb></lb>porem, <expan abbr="odorẽ">odorem</expan>, <lb></lb>& formam.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010254"><margin.target id="marg1445"></margin.target>Arbores quæ <lb></lb><expan abbr="excipiũt">excipiunt</expan> <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> <lb></lb>arborem in<lb></lb>ſitione.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010255"><margin.target id="marg1446"></margin.target>Vt fructus <lb></lb>abſque nu<lb></lb>cleo naſcan<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010256">Quo pacto inſitæ arbores ſalici, perficus, <lb></lb>pinus, & quæ nucleum habent, aliæ feruntur <lb></lb>ſine nucleo edere fructum, quod mihi ad <lb></lb>hanc vſque diem nondum compertum eſt: <lb></lb>alij ramos, vt vitiis per medium diuiſos, ex<lb></lb>tractáque diligenter medulla denuò iunctos <lb></lb>plantantes, vnam abſque nucleo naſci affir<lb></lb>mant: idemque in aliis arboribus, quæ ſar<lb></lb>mentis plantatis propagantur. </s> <s id="s.010257">Nanque ſe<lb></lb>mina in acinis cùm terrea materiæ genita <lb></lb>ſint, neceſſe eſt, vt per rariorem arboris par<lb></lb>tem deferatur id, ex quo fiunt. </s> <s id="s.010258">Ea autem pars <lb></lb>proculdubio medulla eſt: ficui denſior cor<lb></lb>tex, & lignum per quæ tranſit ſuccus. </s> <s id="s.010259">Exem<lb></lb>pta igitur medulla, ſi planta ſuperuixerit, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt acino? </s> <s id="s.010260">ſine ſemine generari. </s> <s id="s.010261">Nam <lb></lb>neque perdenſam ſubſtantiam corticis, aut <lb></lb>ligni, illorum materia deferri poteſt, nec per <lb></lb>inanem medullæ locum. </s> <s id="s.010262">Quamobrem & mi<lb></lb>nores acini fiunt, pereunte parte craſſioris <lb></lb>humidi, & tenuior cortex, tenuíſque tota <lb></lb>ſubſtantia, qualis in paſſis vuis: nam in his <lb></lb>maximè experientia proceſſit, tum ob ex qui<lb></lb>ſitam diligentiam, tum quia, multæ ſint ar<lb></lb>bores, quæ ſine medulla viuere nequeant, <lb></lb>aliæ autem ægrè. </s> <s id="s.010263">Sunt qui nucleum ipſum <lb></lb>cortice poſtquam ſpontè apertum fuerit ſpo<lb></lb>lient, inde <expan abbr="inuolutũ">inuolutum</expan> lana rurſus <expan abbr="ſepeliãt">ſepeliant</expan>. </s> <s id="s.010264">Sic <lb></lb>ferunt nucem Tarentinam abſque putamine <lb></lb>naſci: circundatur luna, ne à vermibus eda<lb></lb>tur nucleus, vt aliud quippiam oriatur. </s> <s id="s.010265">Sed <arrow.to.target n="marg1447"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vtiliſſimæ inſitiones perfici in amygdalo, <lb></lb>vuæ in myrtho: ex altera perficus fit cum <lb></lb>nucleo iucundi ſaporis, habetúrque in Italia: <lb></lb>è reliqua ſapori vnæ iucundus odor myrti <lb></lb>adiicitur. </s> <s id="s.010266">Nec ſolùm amygdalæ, vt pleri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1448"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que alij fructus, ſapore commendantur, ſed <lb></lb>viribus egregiis: nutrire enim cerebrum <lb></lb>creduntur, & renes. </s> <s id="s.010267">Amaras ferunt occidere <lb></lb>vulpes, ſi ab eis deguſtentur Athenæus & <lb></lb>Plutarchus referunt, Druſi medicum cum <lb></lb>Germanis ea fiducia potando certaſſe: nam <lb></lb>præmanſæ perhibentur mirum in modum <lb></lb>prohibere ebrietatem: ob ſiccitatem enim <lb></lb>abſumunt tenuiorem & odoratiorem meri <lb></lb>partem. </s> <s id="s.010268">Dulces olei fœcundæ ſunt, atque in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1449"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cibis gratæ & ſaluberrimæ. </s> <s id="s.010269">Si verò ſurculi <lb></lb>diuerſarum vuarum depangantur exciſi per <lb></lb>medium, medulla tamen ſeruata, ac iuncti, <lb></lb>fructus ex eadem arbore, iiſdémque ramis <lb></lb>coloribus variis prodibunt, maximè autem <lb></lb>hoc in vuis, vnde vuæ albæ, ac nigræ, tum <lb></lb>virides. </s> <s id="s.010270">Nec ſolùm mutantur ex aliena inſi<lb></lb>tione plantarum fructus, ſed ſi truncus ipſe <lb></lb>præciſus fuerit, illíque inſerantur rami præ<lb></lb>ciſæ arboris, fructus longè diuerſi à primis <lb></lb>orientur. </s> <s id="s.010271">Sic tot orta pomorum, pyrorúm<lb></lb>que genera: nam molleſcit arbor quælibet, <lb></lb>ex inſitione: agreſtes enim plantæ ſicciores <lb></lb>ſunt domeſticis, ideo cortice aſperiore foliis <lb></lb>& fructibus frequentioribus, ſed minoribus, <lb></lb>ac minus ſuauibus: floribus etiam minori<lb></lb>bus, tenuioribúſque, at magis odoratis: ipſa <lb></lb>verò planta tota minor, & ad aculeos para<lb></lb>tior, ſi ex earum genere ſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010272"><margin.target id="marg1447"></margin.target>Vtiliſſimæ in<lb></lb>ſitiones.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010273"><margin.target id="marg1448"></margin.target>Amygdala<lb></lb>rum vires.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010274"><margin.target id="marg1449"></margin.target>Quomodo ex <lb></lb>eodem ramo <lb></lb>fructus di<lb></lb>uerſorum co<lb></lb>lorum ha<lb></lb>beantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010275">Plantas ex <lb></lb>propria inſi<lb></lb>tione mutari. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010276">Agreſtium <lb></lb>& domeſti<lb></lb>ca.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010277">Roſæ forſan quærat cur ſpinæ? </s> <s id="s.010278">Cauſa eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1450"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quoniam odoratam eſſe oportebat, & odoris <lb></lb>firmioris, tum minimè excalefacientis, vt <lb></lb>iucundior eſſet: odores enim frigidi ma<lb></lb>gis animam recreant, quòd cerebrum calore <lb></lb>aſſiduo ob motus infeſtetur: cùm igitur flos <lb></lb>eſſet, tenuis ſubſtantiæ futurus erat, terreo <lb></lb>igitur adiungi oportebat: itaque flos roſæ <lb></lb>terream habet ſubſtantiam, & calidam, ac <lb></lb>tenuem, aliter non eſſet odorata. </s> <s id="s.010279">At ſi talis <lb></lb>futurus erat, oportebat totam plantam talem <lb></lb>eſſe, ac craſſiorum partium, vt tenui parte <lb></lb>ſeparata flos conficeretur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010280"><margin.target id="marg1450"></margin.target>Cur roſa ſit <lb></lb>ſpinoſa.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010281">Cùm verò tota planta terrea eſſet, ac <lb></lb>ſicca, neceſſe erat vel vt terreum retinere<lb></lb>tur, breuíque exaruiſſe. </s> <s id="s.010282">Sin autem expel<lb></lb>li conduxit, vel foliis poterat admiſceri, red<lb></lb>didiſſétque folia contumacia, ac quæ ob <lb></lb>nimiam ſiccitatem breui excidiſſent: re<lb></lb>linquitur igitur, vt quod poſtremum eſt <lb></lb>factúque melius, ſcilicet materiam hanc ſic<lb></lb>cam, quæ eſt velut floris fæx, aduſtámque ex<lb></lb>pelli ſeorſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010283">Cùmque non fuiſſet è cortice duriore pro<lb></lb>ditura, niſi aculeata, ideo ſpina prodiit, quæ <lb></lb>vt frequentior eſt, & minor, eò roſam ma<lb></lb>gis odoratam, tenuiorem atque calidiorem <lb></lb>docet: inde etiam ad purgandum aptiorem, <lb></lb>minimè verò odoris tenacem: talíſque eſt <lb></lb>agreſtis, cuius flos quinque foliis per ſæ<lb></lb>pè completur: ſpinæ verò acutæ, minutæ, <lb></lb>frequentes etiam ipſa folia tegunt, adeò vt <lb></lb>non tutò liceat tangere, ita omnia ſpinis <pb pagenum="578" xlink:href="016/01/225.jpg"></pb>conferta ſunt: ac domeſtica florem habent <lb></lb>de uſis foliis, ac pinguibus, quò fit vt ob fo<lb></lb>lio rum multitudinem odoratiores videan<lb></lb>tur, ipſa verò ſpina craſſior, & rarior, & <lb></lb>minus acuta, tum verò ad ſaccharum con<lb></lb>diendum, & ad aquam, flos ipſe melior, ob <lb></lb>pinguiorem ſubſtantiam. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1451"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010284"><margin.target id="marg1451"></margin.target>Flores quo<lb></lb>modo toto <lb></lb>anno haberi <lb></lb>poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010285">Sed poſtquam in florum mentionem in<lb></lb>cidimus, quonam pacto ex plantis, quæ <lb></lb>perpetuò virent, velut garyophylis, flores <lb></lb>toto anno haberi poſſint, quod in vrbe no<lb></lb>ſtra faciunt, ſimiliter & fructus ex fructife<lb></lb>ris, docendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010286">Difficilius autem flores <lb></lb>fructibus habentur, quòd arbores, quæ per<lb></lb>petuò virent, ſemper habeant fructus: vt <lb></lb>medica mala, narantia, limunia, cupreſſi, pi<lb></lb>neæque. </s> <s id="s.010287">Flores igitur in his habentur, cùm <lb></lb>ſeruatæ plantæ loco calidiore, ita adoleſ<lb></lb>cunt, vt ſub bruma robur, ac quaſi viridem <lb></lb>ætatem accipiant. </s> <s id="s.010288">Quælibet enim planta vi<lb></lb>rili, aut potius virenti ſua ætate floret, etiam<arrow.to.target n="marg1452"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſi in hyemem illa incidat. </s> <s id="s.010289">Pinguntur etiam <lb></lb>folia, floréſque, vt expertus ſum, lacte ficus <lb></lb>primò, deinde cùm aruerit figura ſeu literæ <lb></lb>ſint, inſpergitur colos, aurive folia, & cot<lb></lb>to deterguntur remanentibus literis, pictu<lb></lb>rave. </s> <s id="s.010290">Sunt qui lacte omni fieri id poſſe af<lb></lb>firment. </s> <s id="s.010291">Ex hoc manifeſtum eſt literas lacte <lb></lb>conſcriptas, licet per ſe legi nequeant, inſper<lb></lb>ſo tamen polline carbonis, deterſóque cum <lb></lb>cotto, è veſtigio apparere. </s> <s id="s.010292">Pars enim pin<lb></lb>guis lactis colores combibit, maximè au<lb></lb>tem nigrum, ob diſcriminis magnitudinem: <lb></lb>aquea combibitur vt non ſinat colores dilui: <lb></lb>ob id lacte optimè, & papyro, & in cute li<lb></lb>teræ ſcribuntur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1453"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010293"><margin.target id="marg1452"></margin.target>Flores & fo<lb></lb>lia quomodo <lb></lb>pingantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010294"><margin.target id="marg1453"></margin.target>Vt <expan abbr="apiũ">apium</expan>, vel <lb></lb>Porrum ma<lb></lb>ximum naſ<lb></lb>catur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010295">Olera verò radicéſque, vt magna habeas, <lb></lb>velut porros, apium, an eiuſcemodi multa <lb></lb>eiuſdem generis ſemina, plura in ſtercore <lb></lb>caprino ex cauato conde, ac planta, mirabe<lb></lb>ríſque effectum: nam tenera germina ſimul <lb></lb>compreſſa ita naſcuntur, vt vnius vicem <expan abbr="plã-tæ">plan<lb></lb>tæ</expan> tantum referant: éſtque expertum. <arrow.to.target n="marg1454"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010296"><margin.target id="marg1454"></margin.target>Vt planta <lb></lb>naſcatur <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>pluribus ſa<lb></lb>poribus <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> <lb></lb>odoribus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010297">Vt fractus & <lb></lb>olera pecu-<lb></lb>liarem <expan abbr="quã-dã">quan<lb></lb>dam</expan> vim ſor<lb></lb>tiantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010299"><expan abbr="Eadémq;">Eadémque</expan> ratione ſi ſemen lactucæ, erucæ, <lb></lb>apij, ozymi, porríque ſimul in eodem ſter<lb></lb>core plantaueris, herba naſcetur, quæ porri, <lb></lb>lactucæ, erucæ, apij, ozymíque ſaporem & <lb></lb>odorem vnà referet. </s> <s id="s.010300">Si verò <expan abbr="colorẽ">colorem</expan>, odorem, <lb></lb>ſaporem, vimve theriacam, aut purgantem <lb></lb>plantarum fructibus, aut oleribus velis adii<lb></lb>cere, ſemen antequam ſeres triduo in tali re <lb></lb>infunde, velut ad dulcedinem in ſapa, ad <lb></lb>adorem iucundum in vnguento, ad vim pur<lb></lb>gantem in ſucco cucumeris ſylueſtris, in the<lb></lb>riaca aduerſus venena, inde plantato, nutri<lb></lb>tóque talibus per initia. </s> <s id="s.010301">Validius opus erit <lb></lb>perfectius, cùm in ſurculis de pangendis me<lb></lb>dulla eiecta loco illius talia appoſueris, ante<lb></lb>quam etiam plantes in illis liquoribus per <lb></lb>tres dies dimiſeris ſurculos. </s> <s id="s.010302">Inuentum eſt <lb></lb>hac ratione, vt ſemina omnia <expan abbr="antequã">antequam</expan> ſere<lb></lb>rentur nitro perfundantur, quæ enim eſt his <arrow.to.target n="marg1455"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>naſcuntur coctiliora ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010303">Omnia etiam ſe<lb></lb>mina in ſcilla ſata maiorem proferunt fru<lb></lb>ctum nam ſcilla calefacit illa, humectátque: <lb></lb>incrementum autem à calido, & humido. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010304">Peculiari autem ratione lens bubulo ſtercori <lb></lb>immerſa in terra defoditur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010305"><margin.target id="marg1455"></margin.target>Semina vt eo <lb></lb>meliora ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010306">Semina vo <lb></lb>maiora na<lb></lb>ſcantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010307">Apij radix pro loci magnitudine vacui <lb></lb>in quem ſemen defoſſum fuerit, euadit: nec <lb></lb>ſolùm pro longitudinis, ſed & craſſitudinis <lb></lb>menſura: diutiùs enim durat apij incremen<lb></lb>tum, & hæc planta pinguis eſt, ac viuax. </s> <s id="s.010308">Fo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1456"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lia verò eius antiquo tempore vaſis exci<lb></lb>piebantur, vt iuxta illorum formam figu<lb></lb>ram reciperent: quo fit, vt exiſtimem apium <lb></lb>his regionibus quibus Theophraſtus floruit, <lb></lb>folia per hyemem perpetuò retinuiſſe: nam<lb></lb>que id commune eſt his, quæ folia non <lb></lb>amittunt, vt amaraco & ozimo inter herbas, <lb></lb>& buxo ac myrtho inter frutices, vt figuram <lb></lb>pro vaſorum forma, aut vinculorum ratione <lb></lb>retineant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010309"><margin.target id="marg1456"></margin.target>Plantarum <lb></lb>folia quomo<lb></lb>do <expan abbr="formẽtur">formentur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010310">Creſcunt rapæ etiam mirum in modum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1457"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in Italia, adeò vt quædam pondus librarum <lb></lb>centum attigiſſe ferantur: pingue enim hu<lb></lb>midum plurimum habent, nam ex ſemine, <lb></lb>vt aliàs dictum eſt, copioſum oleum extra<lb></lb>hitur, præcipuè autem longarum. </s> <s id="s.010311">Creſ<lb></lb>cunt & in immenſum radices illæ acres, quas <lb></lb>Itali vocant remolazos, ex raphano & rapa <lb></lb>progenitæ, in quibus ſapor raphani viget, <lb></lb>& raparum magnitudo retinetur. </s> <s id="s.010312">Nanque <lb></lb>ex his quæ viginti libras ſuperarent, quin<lb></lb>que vidi: alias quæ trienni infante maiores <lb></lb>eſſent. </s> <s id="s.010313">Miſcentur & genera, vt caules trunco <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1458"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>raparum, eſuíque apti in Italia habentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010314">Porri quoque exciſis foliis, & radicibus tran<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1459"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſplantantur ſuppoſita tegula, ita cùm in <lb></lb>imum deſcendere nequeant, in latum creſ<lb></lb>cunt, capitatíque vocantur. </s> <s id="s.010315">Antiquis noti, <lb></lb>quia gratiores: gratiores enim quia tenerio<lb></lb>res: haud enim abſimiles ſunt cepis. </s> <s id="s.010316">Fungos <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1460"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>habebis cùm ſarmentis inuſtis pluuia ſuper<lb></lb>uenerit, vel ſi non ſuccedente pluuia aquam <lb></lb>ſuper reliquias vſtorum ſarmentorum ſpar<lb></lb>ſeris. </s> <s id="s.010317">Aliter populum nigram excide, & in <lb></lb>illius fruſta ac iuxta truncum aquam cum <lb></lb>fermento infunde: nam qui ſic nati fuerint <lb></lb>fungi, non mali eſſe poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.010318">Decocto etiam <lb></lb>fungorum fungi reparantur. </s> <s id="s.010319">Singula enim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1461"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& præcipuè, quæ corruptione conſtant, ſi<lb></lb>mile generare apta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010320">Pernicioſi verò <lb></lb>ſunt lati & cum veſicis, quique digitorum <lb></lb>contactu facilè diſſipantur, rubentes humido <lb></lb>tenaci quique diſſecti fiunt virides, inde ru<lb></lb>bei, fuſci, pòſt cærulei, demum temporis mo<lb></lb>mento omnia commutante fuſci, vt niſi ab <lb></lb>integris homo decipi queat ſepultis colori<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.010321">Quòd ſi certius libeat explorare, in lacte <lb></lb>ponas, & muſcas perire videbis: vt ſit experi<lb></lb>mento etiam coniunctus vſus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010322"><margin.target id="marg1457"></margin.target><expan abbr="Raparũ">Raparum</expan> ma<lb></lb>gnitudo mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010323"><margin.target id="marg1458"></margin.target>Caules <expan abbr="trũ-co">trun<lb></lb>co</expan> rapæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010324"><margin.target id="marg1459"></margin.target>Porri capi<lb></lb>tati.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010325"><margin.target id="marg1460"></margin.target>Vt fungi <lb></lb>oriantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010326"><margin.target id="marg1461"></margin.target>Fungi exi<lb></lb>tiales quo<lb></lb>modo digno<lb></lb>ſcantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010327">Tutiores omni alio genere ſunt boleti, & <lb></lb>qui in arboribus naſcuntur, & longiuſculi, <lb></lb>tenui pileo atque criſpante. </s> <s id="s.010328">Referunt exi<lb></lb>guos ſolidos croceos naſci, vbi tubera oriun<lb></lb>tur, quaſi illorum flores, ſub terra tamen: <lb></lb>conſtat ſanè eos, qui ſic naſcuntur, ſecuriſſi<lb></lb>mos eſſe, ac ſuauiſſimos. </s> <s id="s.010329">Naſcuntur etiam <lb></lb>ſepultis lapidibus quibuſdam latis menſa<lb></lb>rum modo, quos in Samnitico agro inue<lb></lb>niunt quatuor digitorum altitudine ſub ter<lb></lb>ra, inde aqua inſperſa intra quatuor dies. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010330">Abundant in nemoribus, & celerem ortum <lb></lb>habent: calore enim indigent ſicciore, ob <lb></lb>id lapides illos exuſti quippiam habere con<lb></lb>uenit: præceps enim fungorum generatio, ac <lb></lb>quaſi abſque radice, non abſque radice tamen <pb pagenum="579" xlink:href="016/01/226.jpg"></pb>nihil tamen ſine ea. </s> <s id="s.010331">Si enim alimentum tra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1462"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hit, ſi viua aut augetur, etiamſi non viuat, à <lb></lb>terra trahit, oportet autem id quod trahit, ei <lb></lb>à quo trahit iunctum eſſe: pars autem quam <lb></lb>iungitur, radix eſt: </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010332"><margin.target id="marg1462"></margin.target>Nulla plan<lb></lb>ta abſque <lb></lb>radice.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010333">In vniuerſum igitur, generationes plan<lb></lb>tarum omnium, & incrementa, & figuræ, & <lb></lb>ſapores, & odores, coloreſque, ac ſubſtantiæ, <lb></lb>etſi quid aliud eſt, ſiunt mutatione locorum, <lb></lb>& alimenti, & permutatione ſeminum ab <lb></lb>his quibus infunduntur, & coniunctione <lb></lb>cum aliis, & præciſione partium, & vincu<lb></lb>lis, aut vaſis, & corruptione ſubſtantiæ, vt <lb></lb>quæ fit cum contuſione, & tranſplantatio<lb></lb>ne, inſitioneque ac longa propagatione. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010334">Quædam verò à ſimilibus, quædam à diſſi<lb></lb>milibus propagantur, vt fungi. </s> <s id="s.010335">Hos non <lb></lb>vtilitate genus humanum excoluit, ſed gula. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1463"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010336"><margin.target id="marg1463"></margin.target>Cardui ge<lb></lb>nera.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010337">Tutius eduntur cardui. </s> <s id="s.010338">Hi ſunt globoſa <lb></lb>quædam capita ſpinis ſuprà vndique obſita: <lb></lb>hæcque velut floris calix, ex quo ſemen. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010339">Vernales deliciæ Lutetiæ, & Venetiis, inſi<lb></lb>pidiores qui ſpinis carent. </s> <s id="s.010340">Ob id ſi inter <lb></lb>aculeatos ſerantur, à muribus non exedun<arrow.to.target n="marg1464"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur, verum aculeati. </s> <s id="s.010341">Huic nobiliſſimo gene<lb></lb>ri, alia plura ſuccedunt, atque ita vt totus an<lb></lb>nus per illa diſtributus videatur. </s> <s id="s.010342">Nam ſub <lb></lb>æſtatis fine, & autumno, cardui agreſtes mi<lb></lb>nores, ſed eò guſtu iucundiores. </s> <s id="s.010343">Inde initio <lb></lb>hyemis & per totam hyemem cardi, planta <lb></lb>alba fruticoſa, ſubamara, ſpinis obſita, cuius <lb></lb>non ſolùm folia, ſed etiam trunci pars ima, <lb></lb>& ſuprema radicis, quæ bulboſa quaſi eſt, <lb></lb>manditur. </s> <s id="s.010344">Vere ineunte rurſus & vſque ad æ<lb></lb>ſtatem cardi ſylueſtres, non foliis ob lanu<lb></lb>ginem, nec radice ob duritiem, ſed ima trun<lb></lb>ci & ſuprema radicis lignea parte commen<lb></lb>dantur: quoniam in omnibus fermè plantis <lb></lb>amaris lignea pars vbi in folia expullulat <lb></lb>abundantia ſucci, mollis & minus amara, <lb></lb>gratiam ſaporis retinet, quod guſtui ingra<lb></lb>tum eſt amittit. </s> <s id="s.010345">Eduntur talia omnia ſale, <lb></lb>aceto, oleo, pipere, non ſolùm iucundè, ſed <lb></lb>etiam ſalubriter. </s> <s id="s.010346">Nam ſal concoquit, & gra<lb></lb>tum reddit ſaporem: piper etiam præter hæc <lb></lb>odorem commendat: acetum caliditatem <lb></lb>omnium reliquorum frangit, vt oleum ſicci<lb></lb>tatem, quum præter id etiam ad ſaporis gra<lb></lb>tiam non parum conferat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010347"><margin.target id="marg1464"></margin.target>Cardi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010348">Quintum aculeatorum genus eſt ſcoly<lb></lb>mos, ad medicinæ vſum, non ad cibos vti<lb></lb>lis. </s> <s id="s.010349">Quum enim omnia aculeatarum planta<lb></lb>rum genera ventriculo maximè proſint, & <lb></lb>renes purgent, veneniſque reſiſtant, miro ta<lb></lb>men modo peſtilentes morbos id genus car<lb></lb>dui ſanat, quod diuiſam habet naturaliter ra<lb></lb>dicem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010350">Perfertur ex India ſextum genus Cerium <lb></lb>vocatum, quòd haſtis rectis & candidis ce<lb></lb>reas candelas referat, ſed magnitudine tanta <lb></lb>vt lanceas, æquet, fructu qui nucem non ex<lb></lb>cedat ſatis iucundo, rubro, granis pleno. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010351">Eſt & pithaia ibi, fructu vt melongena, <lb></lb>ſed inſignis magnitudine, vt quæ cucur<lb></lb>biti nos pepones, quos Arabes bathecas vo<lb></lb>cant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010352">Vltimum ex nobiliſſimis aculeatarum <lb></lb>herbarum generibus quod & India habet, <lb></lb>tuna vocatur, cuius fructus citra omne pe<lb></lb>riculum multùm ſanguinis cum vrina edu<lb></lb>cit, nec ſecus tamen minorem ventriculo <lb></lb>vtilitatem affert. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010353">Parum ab his omnibus oliuæ guſtu diffe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1465"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>runt, ſed inuenit ars quod adderet: incluſas <lb></lb>in tabulæ cauo malleis tundunt ligneis, ex<lb></lb>cluduntque oſſa: nec aliter eduntur Ianuæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010354">Mirum quòd oleo oliuarum oliuæ meliores <lb></lb>multo euadant, inſigne argumentum egre<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1466"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>giæ ſiccitatis. </s> <s id="s.010355">Optimæ inter omnes maxime<lb></lb>que Hiſpaniæ colymbades ex oliuarum ſunt <lb></lb>genere, cùm ramulis enim excipiuntur, <lb></lb>lauantur in aqua, per diem ſiccantur, in<lb></lb>de ſubſtrato ſale & ſuperfuſa muria, quam <lb></lb>ſuperius docuimus, ſeruantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010356"><margin.target id="marg1465"></margin.target>Oliuæ quo<lb></lb>modo à nu<lb></lb>cleis libe<lb></lb>rentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010357"><margin.target id="marg1466"></margin.target>Oliuæ co<lb></lb>lympades.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010358">Fructus humidiores, vt mala punica, pira, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1467"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vuę, maximè ſeruantur, ſi collecti longa ſere<lb></lb>nitate præcedente, purgatique ab acinis, ſi <lb></lb>vuæ ſint, vitiatis, pediculo in feruente pi<lb></lb>ce, aut ſi deeſt vino torreantur, inde biduo <lb></lb>ſiccentur in Sole, & inter paleas, ne mu<lb></lb>tuò ſe tangant, diſponantur: quum enim <lb></lb>putredo ab aqueo humido ortum habeat, <lb></lb>vt alibi oſtenſum eſt, neceſſe erit eo abſum<lb></lb>pto non corrumpi fructum, abſumitur autem <lb></lb>maximè parte ea, qua inducitur, ſcilicet pe<lb></lb>diculo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010359"><margin.target id="marg1467"></margin.target>Fructus om<lb></lb>nes quomodo <lb></lb>ſeruantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010360">Verùm alia arte cucumeres ſeruantur: in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1468"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fæce enim dulcis vini collocati tandiu con<lb></lb>cluſo dolio incorrupti manent, quamdiu & <lb></lb>fæx. </s> <s id="s.010361">Aliter cucumeres, meloneſque dulci <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1469"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>muſto immerſos ſeruare licet: nec falleris, <lb></lb>modò muſtum dulce eſſe non deſinat: nam ſi <lb></lb>deſinat, vinoſi redduntur: Quòd ſi hos præ<lb></lb>coces habere conſilium ſit, in calathis ſeri<lb></lb>to, aquaque calida perfundito, calidoque lo<lb></lb>co ſeruato, nubiloſo tempore igni: ſere<lb></lb>no Soli exgonens. </s> <s id="s.010362">Nam cùm præhumida <lb></lb>hæc ſint, ac viuacia, ſponteque luxurient, <lb></lb>ignis non lædit, nec exurit, ſed illius vis re<lb></lb>tunditur, quæ in ſiccioribus, aut minus vi<lb></lb>uacibus læderet plantam ac occideret. </s> <s id="s.010363">Ergo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1470"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verno tempore è calathis effoſſi cum tota <lb></lb>terra tranſplantantur ſub dio in areas. </s> <s id="s.010364">Hi <lb></lb>etiam fructus ſi contecti à Sole & ventis tu<lb></lb>ti reddantur, mirum in quam excreſcant ma<lb></lb>gnitudinem. </s> <s id="s.010365">Quòd ſi per hyemem ſeruare <lb></lb>virentes conſilium eſt, iuxta puteum ſeran<lb></lb>tur, & poſtquam adoleuerint iuxta aquam <lb></lb>in puteo demittantur, ſic enim non ſiccan<lb></lb>tur: quoniam neque Sole ſiccantur, neque <lb></lb>ventis tabeſcunt, ſed vapore, ac calore aquæ <lb></lb>vireſcunt. </s> <s id="s.010366">Quòd ſi vt iterum naſcantur <expan abbr="con-ſiliũ">con<lb></lb>ſilium</expan> fuerit, immaturos fructus vſque ad ter<lb></lb>ram præcide, inde <expan abbr="plãtam">plantam</expan> ipſam terra obrue <lb></lb>& conculca, virides enim radices, cauleſque <lb></lb>fructum reſtaurant. </s> <s id="s.010367">Quæ ratio etiam in flo<lb></lb>ribus generaliter obſeruanda eſt. </s> <s id="s.010368">Reliqua <lb></lb>turba quæ ab oleribus ducit originem, vt ra<lb></lb>pæ, cretanus, naſturtia, ſolo vt expertus ſum <lb></lb>aceto ſeruantur, ſed omnibus commodé ad<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1471"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ditur fœniculus. </s> <s id="s.010369">Alia melius condiuntur, vt <lb></lb>cucurbitæ, melonum cortices, & citrangu<lb></lb>lorum, caro mali medicę, tota nux, atque li<lb></lb>munium. </s> <s id="s.010370">Quę integra condiuntur, non per<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1472"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>fecta decerpi ſolent, vt rapæ, nuces, limunia<lb></lb>que. </s> <s id="s.010371">Macerantur diu aqua, quæ aſſiduè per<lb></lb>mutanda eſt: coquuntur vt molles fiant, ſic<lb></lb>canturque in vmbra, inde mel, ſaccharum<lb></lb>ve defæcatum igne ſuperinfundito. </s> <s id="s.010372">Poſt <lb></lb>dies ſeptem detractum liquorem coquito, <pb pagenum="580" xlink:href="016/01/227.jpg"></pb>& ſuperinfundito, terque aut quater repe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1473"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tes, ſic dulciſſimi & clari reddentur. </s> <s id="s.010373">Iam <lb></lb>verò & illud dixi, mucidos fieri ſi quid <lb></lb>aquei humidi ſuperſuerit. </s> <s id="s.010374">Mel verò & ſac<lb></lb>charum, reliquique ſucci, candido oui, & <lb></lb>aqua repurgantur, deſpumando, coquendo<lb></lb>que. </s> <s id="s.010375">Coctum verò dicitur & eſt, cùm gutta <lb></lb>coierit. </s> <s id="s.010376">Seruantur & fructus aliis modis, ve<lb></lb>lut ficus: primò ſerotini, cum decidentes ex <lb></lb>arbore, immaturique frigore maturantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010377">Serotinos diximus fieri prioribus fructibus <lb></lb>antequam adoleſcant præciſis: frigore enim <lb></lb>calor qui intus eſt cogitur, & concoquit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010378">Alia verò ſeruantur liquoribus, vt aceto <lb></lb>vuæ: quòd ſi mel addideris, non abſurdum <lb></lb>erit. </s> <s id="s.010379">Vidi enim ſeruatas, quæ virides vide<lb></lb>rentur. </s> <s id="s.010380">Seruantur etiam vuæ quaſi ſpontè <lb></lb>in frigidioribus locis purgatæ, & ſuſpenſæ <lb></lb>ad Boreæ regionem, vſque ad ver. </s> <s id="s.010381">Melle au<lb></lb>tem nuces commodiſſimè: ipſæ dulces eua<lb></lb>dunt, mel autem fit arteriacum, faucibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1474"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim non parum conducit. </s> <s id="s.010382">Sed mellis ratio <lb></lb>generalis eſt, velut & aceti & olei: liquo<lb></lb>res enim qui ſeruantur, ſeruant, niſi admo<lb></lb>dum vincento equo humido. </s> <s id="s.010383">Sed acetum <lb></lb>peruertit ſaporem, oleum autem odorem, <lb></lb>mel verò meliùs eſt, poteſtate quidem cali<lb></lb>dum, & ſiccum, ac pingue. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1475"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010384"><margin.target id="marg1468"></margin.target>Cucumeres <lb></lb>quomodo ſer<lb></lb>uentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010385"><margin.target id="marg1469"></margin.target>Cucumeres <lb></lb>vt præcoces <lb></lb>ac melones <lb></lb>habeas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010386"><margin.target id="marg1470"></margin.target>Fructus & <lb></lb>flores vt <expan abbr="tẽ-pore">tem<lb></lb>pore</expan> quouis <lb></lb>habeas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010387"><margin.target id="marg1471"></margin.target>Radices her<lb></lb>bæque omnes <lb></lb>quomodo ſer<lb></lb>uentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010388"><margin.target id="marg1472"></margin.target>Condita <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010389"><margin.target id="marg1473"></margin.target>Saccærum <lb></lb>mel quomo<lb></lb>do purgtur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010390"><margin.target id="marg1474"></margin.target>Nuces quo<lb></lb>modo optimè <lb></lb>ſeruentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010391"><margin.target id="marg1475"></margin.target>Carnes æſti<lb></lb>uo tempore <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>ſeruentur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010392">Carnes quoque æſtate coactas non perfe<lb></lb>ctè, expreſſa aqua diligenter in vmbra per <lb></lb>horam ſiccabis loco perflato, inde aceto al<lb></lb>bo, ſaleque conſperſas, collocabis in olla fri<lb></lb>gidiore loco, reuolues ſingulis diebus. </s> <s id="s.010393">Suffi<lb></lb>ciet hæc conditura ad dies decem. </s> <s id="s.010394">Aliter ſe <lb></lb>coctam ac ſiccatam, ſale, iuniperique con<lb></lb>trito ſemine inſperge, ac in ollam aceto albo <lb></lb>plenam, locoque frigido poſitam merge, re<lb></lb>uoluens ſingulis diebus: miraberis ſaporis <lb></lb>& odoris gratiam. <arrow.to.target n="marg1476"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010395"><margin.target id="marg1476"></margin.target>Piſces quo<lb></lb>modo ſeruen<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010396">Aquam cor<lb></lb>ruptam quæ <lb></lb>corrigant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010397">Quæ mollia ſunt, non coquuntur quùm <lb></lb>ſeruare voles, præter piſces: nam hi frigun<lb></lb>tur in oleo mediocriter, & inter folia lauri, <lb></lb>myrtiue ſale conſperſi reponuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010398">Seruant lauri folia non ſolùm piſces, ſed <lb></lb>iam corruptam aquam emendant, innoxiam<lb></lb>que atque benè olentem reddunt, & aduer<lb></lb>ſus venena præſenti auxilio ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010399">Emendat <lb></lb>& calx, itemque coctio, ſed nil lauri foliis <lb></lb>melius. <arrow.to.target n="marg1477"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010400"><margin.target id="marg1477"></margin.target>Aqua à qui<lb></lb>bus corrum<lb></lb>patur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010401">Corrumpitur autem aqua ab his præci<lb></lb>puè quæ ab aqua corrumpuntur: talia ſunt <lb></lb>triticum & cadauera maximè humana: nam <lb></lb>ſi ab aqua corrumpuntur magis in dies, vt <lb></lb>aquam corrumpant vehementer neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010402">Corrumpunt etiam eam lupini, ac linum, vt <lb></lb>in foſſa vrbis noſtræ multitudinem piſcium <lb></lb>in ea extinctam ob id admirarer. </s> <s id="s.010403">In vniuer<lb></lb>ſum quum multa corrumpant aquas, in duo <lb></lb>genera rediguntur, vel ea quæ in aquis cor<lb></lb>rumpuntur, vel quæ iam ſpontè pernicioſa <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010404">Sed nihil quiete deterius eſt, vt nihil <lb></lb>ad purgandam motu. </s> <s id="s.010405">Sed motus ſerò aquam <lb></lb>purgat, quies autem celerius corrumpit. </s> <s id="s.010406">Sed <lb></lb>ſi calida ſit aqua, aut vinum in vaſis poſita, <arrow.to.target n="marg1478"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ea vaſa in aquam aliam in qua halinitri li<lb></lb>bra ſit diſſoluta immergito, aſſiduè mouens: <lb></lb>refrigeratur enim aqua exterior, quoniam <lb></lb>velut ob ignem quendam vapores exhalant, <lb></lb>nec tamen vt ab igne alij generantur. </s> <s id="s.010407">Quan<lb></lb>titas verò ac modus eius talis eſt. </s> <s id="s.010408">In aquæ <lb></lb>libras centum, halinitri libras à 20. ad 25. aſ<lb></lb>ſumes: huius ex tribus partes duas infunde, <lb></lb>ac ſenſim embolo maſculo in piſtilli <expan abbr="formã">formam</expan> <lb></lb>ligneo verte, lente primò, inde paulò conci<lb></lb>tatius, donec creſcente frigiditate celerrimè <lb></lb>vertatur, ſemperque ad eandem partem. </s> <s id="s.010409">Ex<lb></lb>plorabis autem digito ſæpius cùm ad <expan abbr="ſummũ">ſummum</expan> <lb></lb>frigiditatis peruenerit, inde adde dimidium <lb></lb>reſidui halinitri, ac verte denuò, vltimò reli<lb></lb>quam partem ſeu ſextam totius addes, ac <lb></lb>circumages, donec ad ſummum frigiditatis <lb></lb>aqua peruenerit: quæ vbi ad ſummum per<lb></lb>uenit, ſi paululum contrario motu agatur, <lb></lb>nihil officies: at antè, multum ex frigiditate <lb></lb>tolleretur. </s> <s id="s.010410">Solutum verò halinitrum rurſus <lb></lb>excocta aqua cogitur, cùm tandiu excoctum <lb></lb>fuerit, donec cochleari in pauimentum effu<lb></lb>ſum concreuerit Et quanquam hæc genera<lb></lb>lior ac ſubtilior ſit aqua, & aquis immerſa <lb></lb>vina refrigerandi ratio, nihilominus tamen <lb></lb>melius a glacie, & niue aquæ refrigerantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010411">Seruantur hæc ad æſtatis extremum fruſtis <lb></lb>magnis, puris, frigore duratis diuturno, <lb></lb>qualia refert. </s> <s id="s.010412">Munſterus inueniri in Valeſiæ <lb></lb>montium iugis, millibus multis annorum <lb></lb>durata. </s> <s id="s.010413">Nam hæc Germaniæ regio adeò fri<lb></lb>gida eſt, vt nullis æſtatis caloribus glacies <lb></lb>diſſoluatur: diſſoluitur tamen calore ignis, <lb></lb>aut Solis, ſed ſerò. </s> <s id="s.010414">Huius igitur glaciei fru<lb></lb>ſtum oui magnitudine, aquæ magnum vas <lb></lb>refrigerat, eamque ſtatim, velut & vinum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010415">Vidiſſe ſe refert horridam glaciei ſpeciem, <lb></lb>magnitudine & ſciſſuris, quæ in ea erant <lb></lb>adeò aſpectu terribilem, vt etiam fortes tur<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1479"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bare poſſet: quæ cum frangitur, ſtrepitum <lb></lb>adeò diſſonum & magnum edit, vt orbis <lb></lb>ruere videatur. </s> <s id="s.010416">Hoc genus glaciei, & quod<lb></lb>cunque aliud tantum durat, quanto maiore <lb></lb>mora concretum fuit: tempora enim diſſolu<lb></lb>tionis, & generationis ſibi inuicem reſpon<lb></lb>dent: quò diutius enim cogitur, eò fit grauior <lb></lb>& denſior, & ob id etiam diſſolutioni minus <lb></lb>obnoxia. </s> <s id="s.010417">Oſtenſum eſt autem hoc, in his quę <lb></lb>de ferro diximus. </s> <s id="s.010418">Ergo huius fruſtra pluribus <lb></lb>ſeruantur diebus in antris montium vmbro<lb></lb>ſis, aut ſi inter ſaxa condiantur, ac marmora, <lb></lb>paleaſque aut inter crvſtalla in vinaria cella <lb></lb>Boreæ expoſita. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010419"><margin.target id="marg1478"></margin.target>Aqua & vi<lb></lb>num quomo<lb></lb>do <expan abbr="refrigerẽ-tur">refrigeren<lb></lb>tur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010420"><margin.target id="marg1479"></margin.target>Glacies & <lb></lb>nix quomo<lb></lb>do æſtate <lb></lb>ſeruantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010421">Glacies <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010422">Sed ad radices quas ſeruare propoſitum eſt <lb></lb>venio, tum duriora reliqua, in quibus tamen <lb></lb>teneriores eligemus. </s> <s id="s.010423">Et quæ ſeruanda cruda <lb></lb>ſunt, aceto ac pipere, tum garyophylis atque <lb></lb>aliis adiectis odoribus, facilè ſeruantur: mo<lb></lb>dò memineris odorum alios quidem aliis <lb></lb>conuenire, tum etiam gratiam apud homines <lb></lb>non eandem eſſe, vt nec ſaporum. </s> <s id="s.010424">Sed quæ <lb></lb>melle condire volumus, mediocriter cocta, & <lb></lb>ſiccata eſſe debent, quoniam molliora fiunt, <lb></lb>& melius ſapores atque odores combibunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010425">Inde <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ſuauiora redduntur. </s> <s id="s.010426">Simili ſubtili<lb></lb>te humana induſtria etiam in delectandis <lb></lb>oculis artes adoritur. </s> <s id="s.010427">Hinc amicus noſter bi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1480"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bliopola Nicolaus Landrianus corio ſic ex<lb></lb>preſſit imagines, vt ex cyprio ære factæ vi<lb></lb>derentur Corium enim vt parum maduerit, <lb></lb>tepidum proplaſmatibus diligenter intrudi<lb></lb>tur ligneis, aut alia ex materia factis: additur <lb></lb>cera vt ad amuſſim compleatur inane, & <lb></lb>ſuperinducta charta inter tabulas torculari <lb></lb>conſtringitur, pingiturque quod cælatum <pb pagenum="581" xlink:href="016/01/228.jpg"></pb>eſt coloribus propriis. </s> <s id="s.010428">Eiuſdem argumenti <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1481"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt herbas ad viuum ( vt dicunt ) in chartis <lb></lb>pingere. </s> <s id="s.010429">Herba virens ærugine, <expan abbr="carbonibuſq;">carbonibuſque</expan> <lb></lb>tritis, imbuta pro coloris ratione alterutrum <lb></lb>augentes chartæ imprimitur, vt veſtigium <lb></lb>quaſi ichnographiæ remaneat. </s> <s id="s.010430">Alij ichno<lb></lb>graphiam, ex folio, ramuſculiſque compreſ<lb></lb>ſis delineant, inde ſucco herbæ herbam, flo<lb></lb>rum flores fingunt, ſed aquam è ſucco expri<lb></lb>munt, adduntque lachrymam quam vocant <lb></lb>dragachantum. </s> <s id="s.010431">Illinc ſcenarum ornamenta <lb></lb>magnifica, tonitrua, pluuiæ, niues: conſtant <lb></lb>hæ cotti papis alternantibus follibus. </s> <s id="s.010432">Hinc <lb></lb>Soles, aſtra, Lunaque ementito cœlo, quæ <lb></lb>Nicolaus Siccus vir ſplendidiſſimus, omni<lb></lb>que ſcientiarum, nobiliorumque artium ge<lb></lb>nere eruditus, repræſentauit in ea comœdia, <lb></lb>quam te iubente coram Philippo Hiſpania<lb></lb>rum principe, Cæſariſque noſtri filio compo<lb></lb>ſuit, edidit, ornauit. </s> <s id="s.010433">Vidimus Solem, ſidera<lb></lb>que in ſereno collucentia, latentia atris nu<lb></lb>bibus, hebetata candidis, motum cum ſyde<lb></lb>re, ac tum tempore repræſentationis fabulæ <lb></lb>congruentem? </s> <s id="s.010434">ibi ſapphiros, chryſolithos, <lb></lb>veraſque pyropos, lumina vitreis abſcondi<lb></lb>ta, dodecaedris, icoſaedriſque natiuo vitri <lb></lb>colore mentiebantur. </s> <s id="s.010435">Edidit ſcena tonitrua, <lb></lb>cùm etiam naues velut in mari ferri, ac flu<lb></lb>ctuare videres. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010436"><margin.target id="marg1480"></margin.target>Corium quo<lb></lb>modo cæla<lb></lb>tas figuras <lb></lb>in proplaſ<lb></lb>matibus ad <lb></lb>viuum ex<lb></lb>primat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010437"><margin.target id="marg1481"></margin.target>Herbæ vt ad <lb></lb>viuum pingi <lb></lb>poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010438">Scenarum <lb></lb>miri appa<lb></lb>ratus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010439">Nicolaus <lb></lb>Siccus iuſti<lb></lb>tiæ præfe<lb></lb>ctus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010440">Nihil intentatum hæc cura reliquit: inde <lb></lb>etiam laquei, hami, retia, arcus, canes, acci<lb></lb>pitres. </s> <s id="s.010441">Nec ſufficiunt doli, ni addantur inſi<lb></lb>diæ. </s> <s id="s.010442">Tria ſunt in vniuerſum, quibus feræ om<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1482"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nes, aut piſces, aut aues capiuntur: Dolus, <lb></lb>vis, & veneficium. </s> <s id="s.010443">Vis auibus ſagittis & <lb></lb>arcu infertur, piſcibus fuſcina, retibuſque <lb></lb>tum calce ſacco agitato: occidît enim nihil <lb></lb>guſtantes, aut mente deturbat, vt balnea <lb></lb>homines. </s> <s id="s.010444">Et canes, & retia feras. </s> <s id="s.010445">Veneficia <lb></lb>ſunt aconita, tithymali, ranunculi genera <lb></lb>omnia, quæ quùm cibis miſcentur, promiſ<lb></lb>cuè aues, feras & piſces omnes occidunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010446">Nux vomica, vt expertus ſum, canes illicò <lb></lb>interficit: eadem aues reddit attonitas, ſi ci<lb></lb>bis earum immiſceatur. </s> <s id="s.010447">Memini me <expan abbr="aliquã-do">aliquan<lb></lb>do</expan> cornices manu cepiſſe, quùm inter carnes <lb></lb>nucem illam tritam miſcuiſſem. </s> <s id="s.010448">Auiculæ ſi <lb></lb>edant grana, quæ vel in fæce vini cum ci<lb></lb>cutæ ſucco, vel in aqua ardente, vel etiam in <lb></lb>fæce ſola potentioris vini, vel in decocto <lb></lb>albi ellebori cum felle antiqui bouis, attoni<lb></lb>tæ redduntur. </s> <s id="s.010449">Quæ verò gregatim incedunt, <lb></lb>gregatim etiam capiuntur: vt perdices, ma<lb></lb>gis his anſeres omnium maximè anates. </s> <s id="s.010450">Ci<lb></lb>curatas enim ex ſuo genere præciſis alis iux<lb></lb>ta aquas vallo circumducto alere oportet co<lb></lb>pioſo, iucundiſſimoque illic cibo. </s> <s id="s.010451">Id anati<lb></lb>bus inter reliqua eſt Sorgum <expan abbr="incoctũ">incoctum</expan> aquæ: <lb></lb>nocte dum cicures clamant, agreſtes deſten<lb></lb>dunt ad cibum: nam animalia omnia conſen<lb></lb>ſum habent in quatuor vocibus, cibi vene<lb></lb>reorum, pugnæ, ac timoris, ſeque mutuo in<lb></lb>telligunt. </s> <s id="s.010452">Retibus igitur quæ coopertoria <lb></lb>vocant contractis, hærent enim palis inuo<lb></lb>luta, clauduntur vt quandoque mille vno <lb></lb>impetu, anates captas referunt. </s> <s id="s.010453">Et quanquam <lb></lb>mirum videatur, certum tamen eſt nullum <lb></lb>eſſe fœlicius aucupium. </s> <s id="s.010454">Eliguntur verò ci<lb></lb>curibus, quæ colore agreſtibus ſint ſimil<lb></lb>limæ. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1483"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010455"><margin.target id="marg1482"></margin.target>Feras vt oc<lb></lb>cidas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010456">Aues quo<lb></lb>modo <expan abbr="capiã-tur">capian<lb></lb>tur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010457"><margin.target id="marg1483"></margin.target>Piſces quo<lb></lb>modo <expan abbr="capiã-tur">capian<lb></lb>tur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010458">Piſces quoque cibo capiuntur, cibus igi<lb></lb>tur quatuor debet habere conditiones, vt ſit <lb></lb>odoratus nam procul allicit eos, qualia ſunt <lb></lb>aniſum, panacis ſuccus, & omnibus melius <lb></lb>cyminum, ſit iucundi ſaporis vt edentes in<lb></lb>uitet, & fallat: talia ſunt ſanguis præſertim <lb></lb>ſuillus, caſeus præcipuè caprillus, panis ma<lb></lb>ximè triticeus, papilloneſque meliores inter <lb></lb>eos fului. </s> <s id="s.010459">Sit caput feriens, vt celeriter vim <lb></lb>veneni ad illud ferat, vt aqua ardens, fex vi<lb></lb>ni. </s> <s id="s.010460">Sit demum veneficium quod attonitos <lb></lb>reddat: ex quo genere eſt calthæ flos ( calen<lb></lb>dulam vocant ) quod ſingulo menſe floreat, <lb></lb>nam herba hæc cuius lutei ſunt flores, in <lb></lb>fruſta conciſa, prægrandes etiam, horæ ſpa<lb></lb>tio reddit attonitos. </s> <s id="s.010461">Eſt calx quæ etſi aquam <lb></lb>corrigat, occidit tamen piſces. </s> <s id="s.010462">Et tithymali <lb></lb>cuiuſcunque ſuccus eſt, vtraque nux vomi<lb></lb>ca, & quæ methel, ſeu ſomnifera dicitur. </s> <s id="s.010463">Sed <lb></lb>nihil præſtantius eo fructu qui ex oriente <lb></lb>vehitur, vocant cogolum, nigra bacca eſt <lb></lb>perſimilis laurinæ, ſed minor, ac rotundior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010464">Compoſitio noſtra ad piſces capiendos ex<lb></lb>perta: Baccarum orientalium quadrans vn<lb></lb>ciæ, cymini & aquæ ardentis ſingulorum <lb></lb>ſextans, caſei vncia, farinæ vnciæ tres, dige<lb></lb>rantur contuſa in paſtillos. </s> <s id="s.010465">Verbaſcum quo<lb></lb>que piſces occidit. </s> <s id="s.010466">Refert Plinius, Campa<lb></lb>niæ piſcatores coram eo radicem ariſtolo<lb></lb>chiæ, cum calce in mare proieciſſe, ad quæ <arrow.to.target n="marg1484"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>accurrentes piſces exanimabantur. </s> <s id="s.010467">Cancri <lb></lb>capiuntur virgulis diuiſis in ſummitate, qui<lb></lb>bus inteſtina aliqua, aut ranarum corpora <lb></lb>inſerta ſint, ordine diſpoſitis iuxta gurgites, <lb></lb>aut loca quæ habitare ſolent, denis duode<lb></lb>niſve, inde reticulo circuit piſcator virgulas <lb></lb>ſingillatim eleuans, ſubiecto reticulo cum <lb></lb>cancer non adeò celeriter poſſit ſe explica<lb></lb>re, decidit in reticulum. </s> <s id="s.010468">Ita piſcator magna <lb></lb>cum voluptate, centum aut ducentos refert <lb></lb>domum benè robuſtos & viuaces, ac ma<lb></lb>gnos: nam parui, ad eſcam ſublimen non <lb></lb>tam facilè accedunt: & vbi acceſſerint, ante<lb></lb>quam capiantur excidunt. </s> <s id="s.010469">Sunt & quæ non <lb></lb>ſolum alliciant, ſed & quæ auertant, vt ſuc<lb></lb>cus ſoliorum cucurbitæ, quo ſi quis mula<lb></lb>rum, aut equorum pilos intinxerit, æſtate <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1485"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>media, non paruo rei miraculo muſcarum <lb></lb>moleſtia carent. </s> <s id="s.010470">Fax quoque aceti, & melan<lb></lb>thium vtilia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010471">Sed ſenſuum illecebris re<lb></lb>lictis, ad animi nobiliorem partem acceda<lb></lb>mus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="582" xlink:href="016/01/229.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010472"><margin.target id="marg1484"></margin.target>Cancri quo<lb></lb>modo <expan abbr="capiã-tur">capian<lb></lb>tur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010473"><margin.target id="marg1485"></margin.target>Equi & <lb></lb>mulæ vt à <lb></lb>muſcis non <lb></lb>laedantur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.229.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/229/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010474"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVSQVARTVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010475"><emph type="center"></emph>De anima & intellectu.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1486"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010476"><margin.target id="marg1486"></margin.target>Animi hu<lb></lb>mani par<lb></lb>tes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010477">ANIMI vires præcipuè huma<lb></lb>ni, de quo nunc eſt ſermo ag<lb></lb>gredi volenti, nouo quodam <lb></lb>dicendi genere opus eſt, quod <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt Philoſophus rectè dice<lb></lb>bat) anima omnia eſſe videatur. </s> <s id="s.010478">Senſibilia <lb></lb>quidem propter ſenſus, & quæ intelliguntur <lb></lb>propter intellectum. </s> <s id="s.010479">Dicta tamen plura eſſe <arrow.to.target n="marg1487"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>memini, in lib. qui de Immortalitate, inſcri<lb></lb>bitur: tum in aliis à nobis conſcriptis ope<lb></lb>ribus. </s> <s id="s.010480">Vt verò de ſenſifera animæ parte <expan abbr="agã">agam</expan>, <lb></lb>altius initium repetendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010481">Quadruplex <lb></lb>enim ſenſifera cognitio cum ſit: exterior, <expan abbr="cõ-ſeruatrix">con<lb></lb>ſeruatrix</expan>, iunctio, iudicium: exterior, in quin<lb></lb>que diuiditur ſenſus: conſeruatrix, quadru<lb></lb>plex motus & eſt habitus velut citharœdi, <lb></lb>qui nihil penitùs mente agens pulſat. </s> <s id="s.010482">Viſio, <lb></lb>ſeu <foreign lang="grc">Φαντασία</foreign>, eſt viſorum: memoria ſenſi<lb></lb>lium aliorum, præcipuè auditus. </s> <s id="s.010483">Quanquam <lb></lb>ſi vnicuique ſenſui propria conſeruandi vis <lb></lb>aſſignetur, & melius longè & verius ſeptem <lb></lb>conſeruatrices facultates dici debeant, nam <lb></lb>odorum recordamur & ſaporum, & eorum <lb></lb>quæ tactu percipimus, nec tamen talium <lb></lb>memoria eſt: imò vt quiſque ſenſus materiæ <lb></lb>proximior eſt, ita minus ſenſilium eius re<lb></lb>cordamur, veluti tactus. </s> <s id="s.010484">Sed memoriam qua<lb></lb>tuor ſenſibus communem ſtatuunt, quia pa<lb></lb>rum hi inter ſe differunt, nec vt colorum <lb></lb>phantaſia à memoria ſonorum, atque etiam <lb></lb>quod in memoria iuncta & intellecta reti<lb></lb>neri videantur quaſi vis ea omnibus com<lb></lb>munis ſit. </s> <s id="s.010485">Itaque ſic quatuor tantùm eſſe vi<lb></lb>dentur, quarum vltima vocatur <foreign lang="grc">μιμνέσις</foreign>, <lb></lb>quæ eſt reminiſcendi actio ipſa, ex multipli<lb></lb>ci memoria, aut viſione conſtat, cogitatione <lb></lb>quadam. </s> <s id="s.010486">Iunctio non eſt vis ea, quæ vnum <lb></lb>poſt aliud cognoſcit: ſic enim etiam viſus <lb></lb>iungeret, & memoria quæ totam ſimul ora<lb></lb>tionem complectitur: ſed neque quum plu<lb></lb>ra vt vnum cognoſcuntur, velut in pariete <lb></lb>candor cum magnitudine. </s> <s id="s.010487">Sed quum plura, <lb></lb>vt plura ſunt iuxta, aut pugnantia, aut com<lb></lb>parata, vel cùm <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan> ex alio infertur. </s> <s id="s.010488">Vt ſint <lb></lb>quatuor genera, coniunctio diſtinctio, com<lb></lb>paratio, & ſequela. </s> <s id="s.010489"><expan abbr="Indiciũ">Indicium</expan> <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>, eſt collatio <lb></lb>plurium ratione compræhenſorum, cum ſuis <lb></lb>conditionibus inter ſe, vnde oritur electio: <lb></lb>ita fit vt qui iudicio valeant, omnibus co<lb></lb>gnitionum generibus neceſſariò præſtent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010490">Omnibus autem his dictis generibus, natu<lb></lb>raliter ſex coniunctæ ſunt vires <foreign lang="grc">ἁκπίβεια</foreign>, de<lb></lb>lectatio, vel dolor, appetitus conſequendi, <lb></lb>vel fugiendi, atque id commodiore via & <lb></lb>aſſimilandi, communia quoque ſenſibilia <lb></lb>cognoſcendi. </s> <s id="s.010491">Oculus enim cùm viridem pa<lb></lb>rietem cognoſcit, percipit & numerum, & <lb></lb>quietem, & magnitudinem, & ſimul hunc <lb></lb>non eſſe rubiginoſum, neque album, ita vt <lb></lb>num decipiatur credens hoc eſſe aliud: non <lb></lb>tamen diſtinguit, delectatur, & hoc aſpectu, <lb></lb>& optat videre <expan abbr="refugiẽs">refugiens</expan> ferrugineum abſque <lb></lb>alia ratione, vel diſcurſu, velut expreſsè vi<lb></lb>demus quod brachium refugit purgentem <lb></lb>abſque alia cogitatione, quod etiam vide<lb></lb>mus in caudis lacertarum præciſis, ac pun<lb></lb>ctis, quæ refugiunt. </s> <s id="s.010492">Oculus ergo dum videt, <lb></lb>viride non cognoſcit, non eſſe album: ſic <lb></lb>enim componeret, ſed dum cognoſcit viride <lb></lb>album non cognoſcit. </s> <s id="s.010493">In eo enim quod eſt, <lb></lb>hoc eſt non eſſe aliud, & ita de cognitione, <lb></lb>conſequitur etiam recta via, tanquam bre<lb></lb>uiore: nam & lapidibus id indicium eſt, dum <lb></lb>ad centrum feruntur. </s> <s id="s.010494">Aſſimilationem fieri <lb></lb>naturaliter videmus in oſcitantibus, & ſter<lb></lb>nutantibus: nam præter cogitationem ad ea<lb></lb>dem incitamur, vt etiam ad ſaltandum, & <lb></lb>currendum, & mingendum. </s> <s id="s.010495">Omnes tamen <lb></lb>hæ vires, & cognitiones ſenſiferæ, perfectio<lb></lb>nem, & imperfectionem recipiunt in diuer<lb></lb>ſis animalibus. </s> <s id="s.010496">Solùm nunc reſtat difficultas <lb></lb>de ſenſu communi, qui non videtur neceſſa<lb></lb>rius: nam non quia viride non ſit dulce, quia <lb></lb>nec viride eſt album, nec quia viride ſit <lb></lb>aliud à dulci, nam hoc rationis eſt compo<lb></lb>nere: nec quia viride ſit viridius, quàm dul<lb></lb>ce, dulce: hoc enim compræhendit ſenſus <lb></lb>quiſque per ſe: iudicium verò ad rationem <lb></lb>pertinet. </s> <s id="s.010497">Magnitudo enim duplex eſt, alia ex<lb></lb>truſionis, alia intentionis: atque vtraque ſub <lb></lb><expan abbr="cõmuni">communi</expan> ſenſili compræhenditur. </s> <s id="s.010498">Belluæ ergo <lb></lb>ſimplici ac conſeruatrice tantùm cognitio<lb></lb>ne præditæ ſunt, etiam ſi ſolertiſſimæ ſint, <lb></lb>quales ſimiæ, elephantes, canes, vulpes, hi<lb></lb>rundines, pſittaci & bombyces. </s> <s id="s.010499">Inſcia igitur <lb></lb>omnia animalia eſſe compoſitionis, & ſigni<lb></lb>ficati ſubſtantiui verbi, carereque iudicio, ex <lb></lb>hoc primùm conſtat, quod quæ maximè ſo<lb></lb>lertia videntur artificiis, vt bombyces, apes <lb></lb>& formicæ, palàm eſt quòd his carent. </s> <s id="s.010500"><expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan> <lb></lb>& hirundines eodem modo veriſimile eſt ni<lb></lb>dum conſtruere, quo apes, quo bombyces. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010501">Præterea quòd cùm pſittaci, & picæ loqui <lb></lb>optimè diſcant nunquam tamen & ſi præter <lb></lb>id animalia ſunt prudentiſſima, inuenta eſt <lb></lb>earum vlla, quæ verba rebus accommodare <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1488"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>potuerit, <expan abbr="quanquã">quanquam</expan> <expan abbr="dominũ">dominum</expan>, & <expan abbr="nomẽ">nomen</expan> domini <lb></lb>cognoſceret, <expan abbr="ſciretq;">ſciretque</expan> <expan abbr="quoniã">quoniam</expan> huius ipſius ca<lb></lb>pax non eſt: hoc nomen domini eſt. </s> <s id="s.010502">Sed ne<lb></lb>que cauſa eſt vlla, vt talia eis tribuamus, cùm <lb></lb>abſque illis omnia experimenta ſeruentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010503">Quæ autem in oppoſitum adduci poſſe vi<lb></lb>dentur, ſunt canum ſequela perrectam viam <lb></lb>in venatione ferarum. </s> <s id="s.010504">Quodque blandiun<lb></lb>tur domino, & adlatrant ignotis atque ho<lb></lb>ſtibus: quòd mater videtur noſcere nume<lb></lb>rum filiorum, dum defectum eius, qui ea <lb></lb>abſentente ſublatus eſt, agnoſcit, Quòd dum <lb></lb>leporem ſequitur per tranſuerſam viam, <lb></lb>non ad leporem, ſed ad locum quem illa <pb pagenum="583" xlink:href="016/01/230.jpg"></pb>tendit, feratur. </s> <s id="s.010505">Quòd quærit dominum ab<lb></lb>ſentem locis ad quos diuertere ſolitus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010506">Quòd ouis filium agnoſcit, & agnus ma<lb></lb>trem. </s> <s id="s.010507">Quòd aſinus formidat camelum ob <lb></lb>magnitudinem, non autem ouem. </s> <s id="s.010508">Et rurſus, <lb></lb>hunc ignem & lupum, quem non viderunt, <lb></lb>ſed ſimilitudine alterius à quo læſus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010509">Quòd vulpes caudam in aquam demittit, ac <lb></lb>detinet, donec oneratam ſenſerit cancris & <lb></lb>piſciculis: quòd mortuam ſe ſimulat, vt cor<lb></lb>nices capiat. </s> <s id="s.010510">Quòd elephas ingreſſurus na<lb></lb>uem, ſacramentum reditus repoſcit: & in<lb></lb>uenta herba ſalutari, eam verſus cœlum eri<lb></lb>git, vt videatur gratias diis agere. </s> <s id="s.010511">Denique <lb></lb>quòd vnum animal videtur ſolertius alio, <lb></lb>quare videtur habere ſolertiam, ideo cogni<lb></lb>tionem componentem. </s> <s id="s.010512">Scire igitur decet <lb></lb>hæc animalia, quod rectam ſolam obtineant <lb></lb>cognitionem: eam plerunque habere præ<lb></lb>ſtantiorem homine, vt viſum, auditum; me<lb></lb>moriam: vnde ob tot rectas cognitiones bo<lb></lb>nas atque præſtantes, auxilio etiam illarum <lb></lb>quinque virium ſolertia & cognitione com<lb></lb>poſita, atque diſcurſu non carere, etiam ab <lb></lb>illuſtribus philoſophis credita ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010513">Verùm <lb></lb>carent non autem ſimplici & recta velut vi<lb></lb>ſione, cùm canes in ſomnis ob viſa latrent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010514">Qui verò negat illis ſenſum ineſſe, dignus <lb></lb>non eſt vt redarguamus eum, ſed ſolùm vt <lb></lb>equo cæco imponatur in via aſpera, velut <lb></lb>cogatur premere crura canis mordacis. </s> <s id="s.010515">Ergo <lb></lb>ad experimenta primùm fit, ob quartam vim <lb></lb>blandiuntur domino: ob tertiam, mater co<lb></lb>gnoſcit defectum: ob ſextam vim, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> nume<lb></lb>rum, quem multi etiam homines ignorant: <lb></lb>neque enim oculus, vt prius ſatiatur. </s> <s id="s.010516">Ideo <lb></lb>numerus eſt ſenſile commune, & confuſa <lb></lb>multitudo, vt proprié definitur, ad rationem <lb></lb>pertinet. </s> <s id="s.010517">Quòd verò antegrediatur leporem, <lb></lb>cauſa hæc eſt. </s> <s id="s.010518">Sit lepus currens ex A in B <expan abbr="nũc">nunc</expan> <lb></lb>ſit, tendat ad C, canis in D, ex <lb></lb>vi quarta <expan abbr="tẽderet">tenderet</expan> in B, breuio<lb></lb>rem ex vi quinta in E, ergo <lb></lb>motu compoſito in C, & ta<lb></lb>men abſque diſcurſu. </s> <s id="s.010519">Nam ſi <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.230.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/230/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>talem diſcurſum haberet, quomodo tam re<lb></lb>pentè excogitaret, quod nec homini erudi<lb></lb>to etiam poſt diuturnam conſiderationem <lb></lb>in mentem veniret. </s> <s id="s.010520">Deinde dicendum eſſet <lb></lb>pari ratione, quod dum lapis mouetur, per <lb></lb>tranſuerſum violenter, & ad centrum natu<lb></lb>raliter, & ita media linea, quòd hoc eſſet ob <lb></lb>cognitionem lapidis ita deliberantis. </s> <s id="s.010521">Quærit <lb></lb>abſentem dominum, ex phantaſia <expan abbr="proponẽ-te">proponen<lb></lb>te</expan>, & in tertia ſenſitiuæ cognitionis, auxilio<lb></lb>que memoriæ inuenit, agnoſcit autem hunc <lb></lb>hominem dominum, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> hunc hominem eſſe <lb></lb>dominum. </s> <s id="s.010522">Ouis & agnus, odore & voce ſe <lb></lb>agnoſcunt: diximus enim rectas cognitio<lb></lb>nes, quòd animalia <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> occupentur in com<lb></lb>poſita, vel mentis operibus eſſe præſtantiſ<lb></lb>ſimas. </s> <s id="s.010523">Aſinus memoria aut naturali habitu à <lb></lb>ſuis progenitoribus aſſumpto, vt etiam hi<lb></lb>rundo in conſtruendo nido mouetur, ad ti<lb></lb>mendum camelum ex tertia, aut ſexta vi, <lb></lb>lupum ex habitu. </s> <s id="s.010524">Ignem verò non ratione, <lb></lb>ſed quia eundem cum eo, qui læſit, eſſe exi<lb></lb>ſtimat. </s> <s id="s.010525">De vulpe & elephante poſtquam ra<lb></lb>tione conſtat, nullum ex aliis animalibus hu<lb></lb>ius prudentiæ capax eſſe, non debemus ob <lb></lb>hæc exempla, quæ tot modis ſeruari poſſunt, <lb></lb>adduci in aliquam ſuſpicionem, quòd talia <lb></lb>animalia ſolertia participent. </s> <s id="s.010526">Verum ob <expan abbr="sẽ-ſuum">sen<lb></lb>ſuum</expan> (vt dixi) excellentiam, quædam viden<lb></lb>tur, aliis ſolertiora, cùm non ſint, poſitiuo <lb></lb>enim cùm careant, neceſſe eſt vt etiam com<lb></lb>paratiuo. </s> <s id="s.010527">Mentis igitur humanæ partes 4. <lb></lb>iunctio, iudicium, intellectus & voluntas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010528">Cumque duplex ſit appetitus, hic quidem <lb></lb>abſque ſenſu illo cum ſenſu ſedent in volun<lb></lb>tate, & ſenſili animæ parte affectus ipſi, ve<lb></lb>lut miſericordia, crudelitas, ira, manſuetudo, <lb></lb>audacia, timor, fides, perfidia, verecundia, im<lb></lb>pudentia, odium amor, letitia, triſtitia, libi<lb></lb>do, continentia, ſegnities, promptitudo, laſ<lb></lb>ciuia, moderatio. </s> <s id="s.010529">De intellectu igitur pri<lb></lb>mùm ac voluntate dicendum erit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010530"><margin.target id="marg1487"></margin.target>Cognitionis <lb></lb>ſenſiferæ <lb></lb>paries.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010531"><margin.target id="marg1488"></margin.target>Animalium <lb></lb>cognitio <lb></lb>qualis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010532">Intellectus, res eſt ipſa quæ intelligitur: <lb></lb>velut cum equum intelligo, intellectus meus <lb></lb>eſt forma equi: ideoque eſt forma genera<lb></lb>lis, & velut prima materia. </s> <s id="s.010533">Sed voluntas eſt, <lb></lb>cum fertur extra, ideoque & obiecto poſte<lb></lb>rior: nec eſt idem obiecto huic, ſed illi ſimi<lb></lb>lis. </s> <s id="s.010534">Differunt igitur in duobus maximè: pri<lb></lb>mum, quòd intellectus eſt res ipſa intellecta: <lb></lb>voluntas verò tantummodo illi ſimilis: ſe<lb></lb>cundò, quia intellectus eodem momento <lb></lb>conſtat quo intellecta res: voluntas autem <lb></lb>poſterior eſt. </s> <s id="s.010535">Vt verò ad oculum lumen & <lb></lb>tenebræ, ita ad voluntatem odium & amor: <lb></lb>ad intellectum verò falſum ac verum. </s> <s id="s.010536">Sed <lb></lb>cur verum & ex falſis, & ex veris ſequitur: <lb></lb>falſum autem nunquam ex veris? </s> <s id="s.010537">Hoc ideo <lb></lb>contingit, quoniam in falſo aliquid poteſt <lb></lb>contineri veri, vt in homine quòd ſit aſinus <lb></lb>continetur quòd ſentiat: at in verò cum pu<lb></lb>rum ſit, nihil poteſt falſum contineri. </s> <s id="s.010538">Cum <lb></lb>igitur à toto ad partem deductio optima ſit, <lb></lb>ex, falſo verum ſequi poterit, ex vero nun<lb></lb>quam falſum: non ergo ex falſo vnquam <lb></lb>verum ſequitur, ſed ex ea veri parte quæ in <lb></lb>falſo continetur. </s> <s id="s.010539">Afficitur autem intellectus <lb></lb>veri intelligentia, non parua voluptate, ob <lb></lb>tres cauſas. </s> <s id="s.010540">Prima quòd ſolùm hoc opus in <lb></lb>nobis proprium eſt, atque cum diuis tantum <lb></lb>commune. </s> <s id="s.010541">Secunda, quoniam nobilioris vir<lb></lb>tutis hoc munus eſt: eſt autem opus ipſum <lb></lb>virtutis perfectio. </s> <s id="s.010542">Tertia, ob vtilitatem, quæ <lb></lb>ex intellectu ſcientiaque veri conſequitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010543">Falſum verò odioſum ſemper propter ſe, <lb></lb>quoniam verò quandoque conducit ad ex<lb></lb>plendam libidinem gratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010544">Attamen fa<lb></lb>bulis aptè compoſitis delectamur, quia vero <lb></lb>ſimiles viderentur, & mirabilia continent, <lb></lb>delectantur ob id pueri magis ſenſibus & <lb></lb>ſtolidi ſapientibus, quia veritas in his plus <lb></lb>pueri & ſtolidi ineſſe putant. </s> <s id="s.010545">Quin etiam le<lb></lb>ctis audita ſunt iucundiora: & interea quæ <lb></lb>leguntur, magis grata quæ aliena lingua <expan abbr="cõ-ſcripta">con<lb></lb>ſcripta</expan> ſunt: & libri qui rariores ſunt, magis <lb></lb>delectantur. </s> <s id="s.010546">Cauſa in omnibus ineſt, raritas <lb></lb>ſcilicet: nam rara, in libris raris continen<lb></lb>tur, paucioribus cognita, qua difficillibus ra<lb></lb>riora ſunt, quia pauciores ſciunt, quæ au<lb></lb>diuntur, rariſſima quæ ſolis nobis narra<lb></lb>ta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010547">Vnde nihil delectabilius homi<lb></lb>ni colloquiis de magnis rebus, tùm ſe<lb></lb>cretis. </s> <s id="s.010548">Vileſcunt enim quæ omnibus co<lb></lb>gnita ſunt, & ſi precioſa ſint. </s> <s id="s.010549">Ob id ſa<lb></lb>cerdotes obſcurè traditas voluêre eſſe ſuas <pb pagenum="584" xlink:href="016/01/231.jpg"></pb>ceremonias, & nulla eſſent hæc, niſi tene<lb></lb>bris quibuſdam obſcuritatis <expan abbr="adumbrarẽtur">adumbrarentur</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010550">At verò obſcuritas, quæ intelligi ſcripta <lb></lb>non patitur ignorantia, vt moderatio ſa<lb></lb>pientiæ eſt argumentum. </s> <s id="s.010551">Eſt autem ſapien<lb></lb>tis officium pulchras primò dubitationes <lb></lb>proponere: ac etiamſi fieri poteſt, vtiles in<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1489"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>de ſolutiones, cauſamque afferre, & nihil <lb></lb>circa cauſæ redditionem abſurdum dicere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010552">Quo in genere maximè peccant Platonici. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010553">Sunt verò intellectus <foreign lang="grc">Πιτήπια</foreign> tria, quibus <lb></lb>vtitur principia, experimentum, & ex his <lb></lb>conſequentia. </s> <s id="s.010554">Quoniam ex ſe, aut ſenſi<lb></lb>bus habet, quæ primò nouit, aut ex his <lb></lb>cognoſcit: palàm igitur quod non poſſint <lb></lb>eſſe plura: alia autem aliis principia ſunt <lb></lb>ſenſu cognita, aut conſequentia. </s> <s id="s.010555">Mens au<lb></lb>tem in his non laborauit: æterna enim eſt, <lb></lb>velut & ſpecies Æternorum autem quæ<lb></lb>dam non mutantur vt Deus; quædam ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſione, vt cœlum, alia circuitu. </s> <s id="s.010556">Species <lb></lb>igitur immotæ ſunt, ſed non vt ſupremi <lb></lb>intellectus, verum vt mens: non laborat <lb></lb>igitur mens, quia in tempore non eſt, imò <lb></lb>contemplatio ipſa animum exhilarat, & iu<lb></lb>uentutem producit. </s> <s id="s.010557">Viuimus enim tantum<lb></lb>modo dum contemplamur, quoniam vita <lb></lb>ea verè ſola eſt, quæ diuis conuenit ſem<lb></lb>piterno æuo, talis autem hæc ſola in <lb></lb>nobis. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1490"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010558"><margin.target id="marg1489"></margin.target>Sapientis <lb></lb>tria munera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010559"><margin.target id="marg1490"></margin.target>Quomodo ex <lb></lb>ſcriptis ad <lb></lb>pronuncia<lb></lb>tionem fiat <lb></lb>tranſitus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010560">Quomodo autem ex ſcriptis, ad vocem <lb></lb>verba transferantur, rurſuſque ad intelle<lb></lb>ctum, quanquam res leuis, ob frequen<lb></lb>tem vſum videatur, & vnius modi, ardua <lb></lb>tamen eſt etiam modorum diuerſorum: igi<lb></lb>tur vt antea de ſermone loquamur, ſuppo<lb></lb>nenda ſunt ea, quæ vel in nobis, vel in ani<lb></lb>malibus ipſis experimur. </s> <s id="s.010561">Sunt autem hæc <lb></lb>primùm, quòd cùm animalia ſenſu vocem <lb></lb>emittunt, velut equi viſa fœmina, dum <lb></lb>hinniunt, primùm ſenſu exteriore cognoſ<lb></lb>cunt obiectum, deinde viſione, quæ eſt ip<lb></lb>ſa cognitio interior ſola, vel principalis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010562">Inde delectantur, atque ex delectatione ap<lb></lb>petunt, ac geſtiunt. </s> <s id="s.010563">Inde ex appetitu <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan>, <lb></lb>non ſolùm ad rem viſam, ſed etiam lætitiæ <lb></lb>indicem ciunt medio habitus, ex motu au<lb></lb>tem vox ipſa conſequitur. </s> <s id="s.010564">Itaque ſeptem fa<lb></lb>cultatibus, ſeu functionibus, hæc tranſmu<lb></lb>tatio peragitur. </s> <s id="s.010565">Illud etiam conſideratione <lb></lb>dignum eſt, belluas ſine iunctione hanc <lb></lb>tranſmutationem efficere: nam hoc ſupe<lb></lb>rius oſtenſum eſt, nulla tamen arte erudiri <lb></lb>poſſunt, vt ex viſis voces congruas emit<lb></lb>tant, infantes verò antequam intelligant, <lb></lb><expan abbr="erudiũtur">erudiuntur</expan>: naturalis igitur hæc tranſmutatio <lb></lb>animalibus conceſſa eſt, & rurſus exaudita <lb></lb>in vocem artificioſa, velut in pſittacis, in <lb></lb>infantibus etiam ex viſu: iam verò ſecluſa <lb></lb>mente animalia ab homine non differunt, <lb></lb>niſi iunctione: nam de voluntate, aut iudi<lb></lb>cio, nunc ſermo eſt. </s> <s id="s.010566">Illud quærere dignum <lb></lb>eſt, cur iunctio neceſſaria ſit, inter ea quæ <lb></lb>videntur, atque habitum mouendi muſculos <lb></lb>vocales: nam in cæteris par ratio & infanti<lb></lb>bus, & in animalibus eſſe videtur: quam<lb></lb>vis enim animalia appetitu ducantur natu<lb></lb>rali, pueri verò timore ex memoria acquiſi<lb></lb>to, nullum tamen ob id inter hæc diſcrimen <lb></lb>intercedit, quoniam voluptatis atque dolo<lb></lb>ris par ratio eſt in vtriſque, & nihil inte<lb></lb>reſt, ſeu refugiant vnum, ſeu illi contra<lb></lb>rium ſequantur: metus verò ille quamvis <lb></lb>aliquanto maiore cum cognitione fiat, quàm <lb></lb>naturalis: ob diuturnum tamen habitum, <lb></lb>fermè pro naturali habendus eſt. </s> <s id="s.010567">Er<lb></lb>go ratio diſſimilitudinis tota, in iunctura <lb></lb>ea conſtat, quæ eſt inter viſionem dictio<lb></lb>num, ac ſoni repræſentationem: animalia <lb></lb>enim quoniam iungere non didicerunt, ta<lb></lb>metſi memoria verbum verbo, atque item <lb></lb>ſyllabas ſubdere poſſint, non tamen ex <lb></lb>phantaſia viſæ rei, in phantaſiam ſoni per<lb></lb>uenire poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.010568">Illud enim ſatis nobis expe<lb></lb>rimento compertum eſt, pueros cùm legere <lb></lb>diſcunt ex viſione ſoni proferre vocem: vn<lb></lb>de qui ſurdi ſunt à natura, etiam neceſſa<lb></lb>riò ſunt muti: quamvis enim pueri, verbo<lb></lb>rum ſonum non percipiant, ſonum tamen <lb></lb>cognoſcunt. </s> <s id="s.010569">Verùm dices, latius hoc diſcri<lb></lb>men latere videtur, quàm antea propoſue<lb></lb>ris: illud enim aſſumptum eſt, diſcrimen eſſe <lb></lb>inter viſionem dictionis atque voluptatem, <lb></lb>quæ ſibi ſuccedunt, vt ſecundo ordini ter<lb></lb>tius: at nunc videtur, conſilium inter viſio<lb></lb>nem dictionis atque ſonum, ſcilicet inter <lb></lb>ſecundum atque vltimum ordinem, vt res de <lb></lb>quo ad primam redeat dubitationem, tota<lb></lb>que rei difficultas adhuc ſuperſit: verum re<lb></lb>ctè vtrunque: cùm enim verba non intelli<lb></lb>gantur ab infantulo, non magis dolor, aut <lb></lb>voluptas ſequi poteſt, quam etiam in anima<lb></lb>libus. </s> <s id="s.010570">Illud ergo diſcrimen primum homi<lb></lb>num eſt, intelligentium & belluarum, at ſe<lb></lb>cundum ſcilicet cognitionis, quæ eſt & vi<lb></lb>ſu, & auditu infantium eſt, & belluarum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010571">Rurſus ergo ſupereſt difficultas, cur inter <lb></lb>ſenſilia diuerſorum ſenſuum iunctio necta <lb></lb>ſit, eiuſdem autem non ita, atque eo magis <lb></lb>quod etiam animalia videantur ex ſenſu in <lb></lb>ſenſum tranſitionem facere. </s> <s id="s.010572">Viſo enim lacte <lb></lb>procul, aut odore percepto, ad ipſum demi<lb></lb>grant, dulcedinis, memores vt eo vtantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010573">Atque hæc certè difficultas maxima eſt. </s> <s id="s.010574">Ve<lb></lb>rùm non id agunt, quia hoc dulce eſſe no<lb></lb>rint, ſed tanquam ad album, quo prius dele<lb></lb>ctati ſunt recurrunt. </s> <s id="s.010575">Neque enim hoc cogi<lb></lb>tant, neque in æternum formare poſſunt, <lb></lb>Hoc album, dulce eſt, dici, neque phantaſia <lb></lb>aſſequi, ſed <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quemadmodum diximus ſupe<lb></lb>riùs ) omnem cognitionem etiam <expan abbr="animaliũ">animalium</expan>, <lb></lb>ſeu <expan abbr="externã">externam</expan>, qualis eſt quæ per ſenſus <expan abbr="quinq;">quinque</expan> <lb></lb>habetur, ſeu internam, appetitus, vel fuga <lb></lb>comitatur, iuxta doloris, aut voluptatis <expan abbr="affe-ctũ">affe<lb></lb>ctum</expan>, ex quo ſequitur ſolutio primæ <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> dif<lb></lb>ficillimæ quæſtionis, cùm enim ſenſibilia <lb></lb><expan abbr="eiuſdẽ">eiuſdem</expan> generis ſunt, velut ſi audita voce pſit<lb></lb>tacus eam refert, nulla cognitio, aut repræ<lb></lb>ſentatio neceſſaria eſt: habitus enim eſt prin<lb></lb>cipium motus muſculorum. </s> <s id="s.010576">Habitum autem <lb></lb>diximus cognitionem non eſſe relinquitur <lb></lb>igitur, vt ſola memoria ad voces proferen<lb></lb>das neceſſaria ſit. </s> <s id="s.010577">Exiſtimandum eſt igitur <lb></lb>duplicem hanc cognitionem, qua homini <lb></lb>ſimul vti fas eſt (poſtquam & omnibus ho<lb></lb>minibus conceſſa eſt, & nulli animali, <lb></lb>omnibus verò hominibus mens eſt, nul<lb></lb>lum animal mentem habet) ob duplicem <lb></lb>animam, quæ hominibus ineſt contingere, <lb></lb>ſiquidem mentem ac ſenſifera, ex quo <pb pagenum="585" xlink:href="016/01/232.jpg"></pb>etiam illud nobis perſpicuum ſit homini, <lb></lb>à prima infantia mentem ineſſe, quoniam <lb></lb>diſcit. <arrow.to.target n="marg1491"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010578"><margin.target id="marg1491"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>ſcripta intel<lb></lb>ligantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010579">Quomodo autem ex ſcriptis mens confi<lb></lb>ciatur, faciliùs eſt dignoſcere: nam ex ſen<lb></lb>ſu viſio, ex viſione iunctura, ex pluribus <lb></lb>iuncturis compræhenſio generalis, ex ge<lb></lb>nerali comprehenſione propoſitio vniuer<lb></lb>ſalis, ex vniuerſali propoſitione: eo iun<lb></lb>cturæ genere quod vocatur ratio eſtque <lb></lb>quartum in ordine, quum vnum ex alio in<lb></lb>fertur, mens fit: vnde ſimplicium nullus <lb></lb>eſt intellectus, neque mens: ſed ſic intelli<lb></lb>gere diuinum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010580">In re autem aliquibus <lb></lb>ardua, omnibus verò perquam vtili facil<lb></lb>limo exemplo vtar. </s> <s id="s.010581">Videmus primùm om<lb></lb>nia animalia contrahi, atque id dum pun<lb></lb>guntur, ac cognoſcimus: ſed hoc eſſe ani<lb></lb>maduertit vis, quæ iungit: inde ex his tri<lb></lb>bus functionibus collecta, propoſitione ani<lb></lb>mal ſenſit, atque per memoriam repetita <lb></lb>ſit comprehenſio generalis, quam etſi La<lb></lb>tinè fœdum eſt proferre, euidentis tamen <lb></lb>vtilitatis cauſa proferam hoc & hoc, & <lb></lb>qualecunque aliud animal ſentit, ex qua <lb></lb>rurſus fit propoſitio vniuerſalis, omne ani<lb></lb>mal ſentit: atque hucuſque mentis pro<lb></lb>prium, opus non eſt, ſed ſenſiferæ ani<lb></lb>mæ quatenus menti iungitur, inde animal <lb></lb>ſentit, vniuerſale ac menti proprium. </s> <s id="s.010582">Sunt <lb></lb>igitur & his ſeptem ordines ſenſus: exte<lb></lb>rior phantaſia, iunctio, memoria, com<lb></lb>præhenſio generalis, propoſitio vniuerſa<lb></lb>lis, & vniuerſale ipſum, quod mentis pro<lb></lb>prium eſt. </s> <s id="s.010583">Itaque videtur vt animæ facultas <lb></lb>nutricis, generali omnium animæ iungitur, <lb></lb>atque illius viribus aptè vtitur: ita huius <lb></lb>ſenſifera, atque ſenſiferæ rurſum mens. </s> <s id="s.010584">Ani<lb></lb>ma autem mundi, quaſi omnibus auxiliatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010585">Hi igitur ordines animarum, quarum apex <lb></lb>eſt intellectus. <arrow.to.target n="marg1492"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010586"><margin.target id="marg1492"></margin.target>Affectus ani<lb></lb>mi quo pacto <lb></lb>corpus im<lb></lb>mutens.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010587">Immutantur verò & præter notitiam affe<lb></lb>ctus omnes reliqui, corpus ipſum, & cum <lb></lb>eo etiam vita, ſtatum, quod ex his erit ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum. </s> <s id="s.010588">Delectantur atque triſtantur, at<lb></lb>que aliis ſenſus omnes. </s> <s id="s.010589">Sed & ad delecta<lb></lb>tionem ipſam ſpiritus extrà ferantur, refu<lb></lb>giunt ex triſtitia intro vehementibus qui<lb></lb>dem in affectibus celeriter, in paruis tardè <lb></lb>ac ſenſim. </s> <s id="s.010590">Cum ſpiritu verò & ſanguinem <lb></lb>ipſum ferri palàm eſt. </s> <s id="s.010591">Cùm verò extra fer<lb></lb>tur, dilatatur, refrigeratur & confirmatur, <lb></lb>ſi robuſtæ ſint vires. </s> <s id="s.010592">Cùm verò contrahi<lb></lb>tur, conculcatur, atque abſumitur. </s> <s id="s.010593">Calor <lb></lb>ſi confirmetur, fiet concoctio, ſomnus <lb></lb>conciliatur, digeruntur excrementa, cu<lb></lb>rantúrque morbi: quod etiam inferius edo<arrow.to.target n="marg1493"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cebimus. </s> <s id="s.010594">Contracto verò calore, ſomnus <lb></lb>prohibetur, concoctio vitiatur, retinen<lb></lb>tur excrementa, morbique creantur. </s> <s id="s.010595">Di<lb></lb>cendum eſt igitur nunc de paucis animi af<lb></lb>fectibus, vt eadem ratione alios aſſequa<lb></lb>mur. </s> <s id="s.010596">Igitur in timore cogitur ilicò confer<lb></lb>timque ſanguis in interioribus partibus vn<lb></lb>de tremunt homines, vox tollitur, aut la<lb></lb>bat, pallet corpus. </s> <s id="s.010597">Quod ſi perſeueret, ac <lb></lb>ingens ſit, canitiem inducit, quibuſdam <lb></lb>pili, nonnunquam etiam decidunt vngues, <lb></lb>contractóque intus ſanguine: aut tabeſcit <lb></lb>homo, aut phlegmone excitato mortis ſubit <lb></lb>periculum: quidam etiam ſubitò extincti <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1494"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010598">In triſtitia verò non confertim, ſed <lb></lb>ſenſim calor redit: ideóque non nutant <lb></lb>crura, nec repentè moriuntur: ſed vigilant, <lb></lb>non concoquuntur, præcordia ſuffocantur: <lb></lb>iuuenes tabeſcunt: prouecta ætate homi<lb></lb>nes, cacochymia, malúſque color, & mor<lb></lb>bi varij obnoxios habentur. </s> <s id="s.010599">Ob hanc, ſeu <lb></lb>ob timorem referunt Melibœam Amphio<lb></lb>nis & Niobis filiam, cùm ſola cum ſorore <lb></lb>ex tot fratribus atque ſororibus euaſiſſet, <expan abbr="pal-lidã">pal<lb></lb>lidam</expan> perpetuò fuiſſe: inde Chlorim deinceps <lb></lb>vocatam. </s> <s id="s.010600">Ira effundit calorem extrà, ſubitò: <lb></lb>ſed tamen prius adeò feruet, vt in cali<lb></lb>dioribus temperamentis, ac ſiccioribus fe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1495"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bris excitetur. </s> <s id="s.010601">Omnibus certè incaleſcit cor<lb></lb>pus totum, vnde vtilis his, quibus vel abun<lb></lb>dat pituita, vel triſtitia, aut timore habitus <lb></lb>marceſcit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010602"><margin.target id="marg1493"></margin.target>Timoris <lb></lb>effectus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010603"><margin.target id="marg1494"></margin.target>Triſtitiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010604"><margin.target id="marg1495"></margin.target>Ira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010605">Lætitia vehemens ſanguinem, ſynce<lb></lb>rum extrà fert, vt in viribus validis mor<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1496"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bos curare ſoleat, in imbecillioribus oc<lb></lb>cidere, eſtque iræ medela, magis verò ti<lb></lb>moris. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010606"><margin.target id="marg1496"></margin.target>Lætitia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010607">Sed ſpes triſtitiæ, contraria eſt: ſenſi<lb></lb>mus, ſi ſine timore ſit, naturalem calorem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1497"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diffundit. </s> <s id="s.010608">Vnde inter omnes affectus animi, <lb></lb>ſola ſpes omnibus vtilis eſt: concoctionem <lb></lb>& dulces ſomnos parit, vnde etiam corpus <lb></lb>benè coloratum reddit, ac pingue immo<lb></lb>derata: tamen ſpes gaudio fermè ſimilis eſt, <lb></lb>nec ſomnos admittit. </s> <s id="s.010609">Omnis enim vehemens <lb></lb>ſanguinis motus ſomnum tollit, cùm ſom<lb></lb>nus ſpirituum, & ſanguinis quies ſit. </s> <s id="s.010610">Vere<lb></lb>cundia verò ex ſpe conſtat, ac timore, ideó<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1498"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que ſanguis duplici motu in ea fluctuat, pue<lb></lb>ris ac virginibus familiaris eſt, gratóque <lb></lb>robore ora ſuffundit, nec vexata, vt in <lb></lb>metu detrimentum adfert ſed odium po<lb></lb>tius. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010611"><margin.target id="marg1497"></margin.target>Spei.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010612"><margin.target id="marg1498"></margin.target>Verecundia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010613">Eſt autem odium, & ipſum ex ſpe compo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1499"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſiti ſunt, ſed & ex triſtitia, non metu. </s> <s id="s.010614">In<lb></lb>uidia verò, odium tenue eſt. </s> <s id="s.010615">Palàm igitur <lb></lb>eſt, quinam ex odio & inuidia, corporis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1500"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>affectus proueniant. </s> <s id="s.010616">Sed amor cùm odio <lb></lb>contrarius ſit, erit ſuſpecta lætitia: nam ſpei <lb></lb>ſuſpicio contraria eſt, dico quidem firmæ <lb></lb>ſpei, velut inconſtanti timor. </s> <s id="s.010617">Suſpicio ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1501"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rò timor eſt paruus, velut audacia ſpes ma<lb></lb>xima. </s> <s id="s.010618">Differt à lætitia, quoniam in vtra<lb></lb>que eſt firma ſpes, ſed in audacia finis eſt <lb></lb>mediocris in lætitia eſt iucundus. </s> <s id="s.010619">Meminiſ<lb></lb>ſe autem horum inferius oportet, vt phæ<lb></lb>nomena intelligantur, adeò verò immu<lb></lb>tant hæc omnia corpus, vt ſi cum melancho<lb></lb>lico humore iungantur, ecſtaſim inducant: <lb></lb>quos ſi vras, aut nouacula incidas, nihil <lb></lb>ſentire comperies: alij iacent volentes, vt <lb></lb>mortui, alij etiam diuinant, hæcque pro ma<lb></lb>gnis miraculis apud imperitos habentur, <lb></lb>cum tamen dicat Hippocrates. </s> <s id="s.010620">Si lingua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1502"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>repentè incontinens fiat, aut aliqua pars <lb></lb>corporis ſtupore elanguet, tale eſt melan<lb></lb>cholicum. </s> <s id="s.010621">Sed Galenus ſenſum huius mini<lb></lb>mè eſt aſſecutus: ob hocque demiratur an<lb></lb>tiqui magiſtri dicta. </s> <s id="s.010622">Affectus igitur animi <lb></lb>corpora mutant, ſoni autem animi affectus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010623">Neceſſe eſt igitur ſonos corpora mutare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010624">Omnium autem affectuum maximi, ſunt <lb></lb>timor & fortitudo: at hos mouere poſſunt <pb pagenum="586" xlink:href="016/01/233.jpg"></pb>ſoni, indicio ſunt tubæ, Laconicum inuen<lb></lb>tum tympana, barbarorum cornua & cla<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1503"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mor Romanorum. </s> <s id="s.010625">Nam Romani, ſub pu<lb></lb>gnæ initio adeò magnis clamoribus obſtre<lb></lb>pebant, vt Ioſephus coactus ſit Hebræorum <lb></lb>ſuorum militum aures obſtruere, ne vel ſtre<lb></lb>pitu terrerentur, aut attoniti fierent. </s> <s id="s.010626">Sæpè <lb></lb>contingit præteruolantes aues, ob cum cla<lb></lb>morem excidere. </s> <s id="s.010627">Conſtat igitur ſonos mul<lb></lb>tùm ad fortitudinem facere. </s> <s id="s.010628">Igitur ad alios <lb></lb>animi affectus. </s> <s id="s.010629">Nunc pro clamoribus boant <lb></lb>machinæ igneæ non inani, ſed exitiali ſtre<lb></lb>pitu. </s> <s id="s.010630">Quantum verò corpora ex affectibus <lb></lb>animi patiuntur, indicant, qui dum cogi<lb></lb>tant intentius, neque vident, neque au<lb></lb>diunt. </s> <s id="s.010631">Oculis igitur apertis, aut auribus, <lb></lb>non videre, aut non audire non licet. </s> <s id="s.010632">At li<lb></lb>cet intentius cogitare, ob idque minus ſen<lb></lb>tire, vt etiam quandoque cogitationi in<lb></lb>tentus dolorem haud ſentiat. </s> <s id="s.010633">Neceſſe verò <lb></lb>eſt in affectibus animi corpus pati, quo<lb></lb>niam hi non ſine corpore fiunt. </s> <s id="s.010634">Intellectus <lb></lb>verò non immutatur, niſi vel quia cum ra<lb></lb>tione, & imaginatione operari illum neceſ<lb></lb>ſe eſt, vel quia dum intelligit delectatur <lb></lb>totus homo: ipſe enim intellectus omnino <lb></lb>à corpore per ſe ſeparatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.010635">Nunc enim <lb></lb>dum hæc ſcribo, meus intellectus eſt ea quæ <lb></lb>per ſcripta hæc tu intelligis: dúmque medi<lb></lb>ca pertracto, medicina: dum de numeris <lb></lb>ſcriberem, tunc numerus erat, adeò quod <lb></lb>aliis omnibus qui diuerſa ſcripſerunt eue<lb></lb>nire neceſſe eſt, vt dum mea relego ſcripta, <lb></lb>alius mihi fuiſſe videar ab illo qui nunc ſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010636">Verùm medio tempore principia intelligit, <lb></lb>nec percipit homo. </s> <s id="s.010637">Cùm igitur dormit ho<lb></lb>mo, aut adhuc eſt infans, aut ebrius, li<lb></lb>cet videatur ociari, intelligit, ſed non fit <lb></lb>operatio habenti communi: nam cùm re<lb></lb>ſipiſcit abſque negotio rurſus intelligit. </s> <s id="s.010638">In<lb></lb>dicio eſt quod videmus, & tamen videre nos <lb></lb>non percipimus, niſi animaduertamus. </s> <s id="s.010639">Sed <lb></lb>ſenſus quieſcit abſente obiecto: ſolum enim <lb></lb>patitur, mens autem agit, & cum vult ſta<lb></lb>tim intelligit, cur ergò ceſſat? </s> <s id="s.010640">Senſus etiam <lb></lb>ſtatim percipiunt, mens autem diuinior, <lb></lb>tempore igitur non indiget, & certius per<lb></lb>cipit. </s> <s id="s.010641">Materia igitur caret: nam calefieri <lb></lb>& infrigidari, & odores imbuere, ſenſim <lb></lb>hæc fiunt. </s> <s id="s.010642">Vtrum verò dum intelligimus, <lb></lb>intelligere nos ſemper animaduertamus? </s> <s id="s.010643">an <lb></lb>id neceſſe eſt, an forſan fieri nequeat? </s> <s id="s.010644">niſi <lb></lb>cùm hoc quod intelligimus, percipimus? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010645">quod femè diuinum eſt? </s> <s id="s.010646">Eſt enim idem <lb></lb>tunc intellectus, quodque intelligitur: in <lb></lb>reliquis & intellexiſſe, & intellecturos eſſe <lb></lb>percipimus: quoniam vnius ſcilicet tantùm <lb></lb>actionis capax eſt. </s> <s id="s.010647">Æterna igitur eſt forma <lb></lb>intellectus, quoniam dum hæc legis, & <lb></lb>contemplaris manet & eſt, eædémque ſunt <lb></lb>ſunt formæ ſcilicet, ac ſpecies rerum vniuer<lb></lb>ſalium vſque in æternum. </s> <s id="s.010648">Videntur igitur <lb></lb>maximè ſapientum immortales animi, ani<lb></lb>ma verò flamma quædam, aut non ſine illa, <lb></lb>neque enim abſque motu conſiſtere poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010649">At in ſenſu non fit immutatio, propter ea pe<lb></lb>rit, & etiam quod ſentimur idem non manet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010650">Quare neque eodem modo imaginamur, aut <lb></lb>vtimur ratione. </s> <s id="s.010651">Memoria quaſi intellectui <lb></lb>ſimilior eſt. </s> <s id="s.010652">Ea ordine iuuatur, quoniam <lb></lb>quæ ordine conſtant, tam facilè continen<lb></lb>tur, vt quaſi vnum referant. </s> <s id="s.010653">Duplex eſt, re<lb></lb>rum ac verborum: alteráque alteri præſidio <lb></lb>eſt, vnde etiam duplex: artificioſa memoria, <lb></lb>rerum quæ imaginibus conſtat, olim inuen<lb></lb>ta, traditáque à Cicerone, ac Quintiliano, <lb></lb>quia verba continentur: & verborum, qua <lb></lb>res tum etiam verba continentur: conſtat <lb></lb>primis nominum, vel etiam initiorum ſyl<lb></lb>labis, è quibus verba tum carmina fiunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010654">Eiuſdem generis quæ numerorum coniun<lb></lb>ctione conſtat: mirúmque quantum vterque <lb></lb>modus ex temporaneis actionibus, ac ludis <lb></lb>conducat: vnde tam pulchri inuenti noſtri <lb></lb>mercedem accepimus, ſcilicet opinionem <lb></lb>memoriæ, quæ nos plurimùm iuuit, cùm <lb></lb>tamen lapidi atque huic inuento debeatur <lb></lb>totum quicquid eſt, præter paſſiuam me<lb></lb>moriam, quæ in nobis viget. </s> <s id="s.010655">Actiua verò, <lb></lb>atque præcipuè artificioſæ vtrumque genus, <lb></lb>ab imaginatione maximè iuuatur. </s> <s id="s.010656">Nec eſt <lb></lb>fermè artificioſa memoria aliud quicquam, <lb></lb>quàm tranſlatio rerum & verborum ad or<lb></lb>dinem, ac vim quæ imaginatur, ea tamen <lb></lb>tantùm affert commodi, verborum ſcilicet, <lb></lb>ac numerorum, vt faciliùs centum cum ea <lb></lb>quàm decem ſine illa recitare poſſis. </s> <s id="s.010657">Ratio <lb></lb>tamen omnium virtutum mortalium prin<lb></lb>ceps eſt, hominique propria vt mortalis eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010658">At verò vt intellectum poſſidet, artes & <lb></lb>ſcientias excolit, artificioſáque inuenta quæ<lb></lb>dam, quæ ad artes non pertinent, quoniam <lb></lb>vtilitate carent, aut incerti ſunt generis: om<lb></lb>nis autem ars, eſt generis certi atque vtilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010659">De incertis igitur atque inutilibus, primò <lb></lb>dicendum. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="587" xlink:href="016/01/234.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010660"><margin.target id="marg1499"></margin.target>Odij.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010661"><margin.target id="marg1500"></margin.target>Inuidiæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010662">Amoris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010663"><margin.target id="marg1501"></margin.target>Suſpicionis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010664">Audaciæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010665"><margin.target id="marg1502"></margin.target>Lib.7.Apho<lb></lb>riſ.40.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010666"><margin.target id="marg1503"></margin.target>Clamor ini<lb></lb>tio pugnæ.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.234.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/234/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010667"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVSQVINTVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010668"><emph type="center"></emph>De inutilibus ſubtilitatibus.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010669">EIVSMODI ſunt hæc, cur ſi <lb></lb>ſuper tabulam aliam ictus in<lb></lb>cidat, non adeò frangitur ſup<lb></lb>poſita tabula, vt in cuneis fi<lb></lb>gendis: certè quia ictus per <lb></lb>totam ſuppoſitam tabulam diſtribuitur, vn<lb></lb>de minor euadit in ſingulis partibus: nec <lb></lb>cogitur pars deſcendere alia relicta, quod <lb></lb>maximè fracturæ initium eſt: eo etiam inter<lb></lb>medio temperatur ictus: âër quoque cùm im<lb></lb>pulſu careat, violenter ingredi non poteſt <lb></lb>ſecundum tabulam ſubiectam, quare nec di<lb></lb>uidere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010670">Simile illud, cur vaſa vitrea igni expo<lb></lb>ſita ſuperimpoſito ſurculo non rumpantur: <lb></lb>quoniam lignum non incaleſcit, cogitque <lb></lb>vt vitri partes miſceantur: frangitur au<lb></lb>tem, quia aqueum humidum prius infla<lb></lb>tum conuertitur. </s> <s id="s.010671">Verùm nullius vſus eſt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1504"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inſtrumentum ex ſeptem annulis. </s> <s id="s.010672">Bractea <lb></lb>ferrea digitum lata, palmi longitudine, te<lb></lb>nuis, in qua ſeptem foramina, rotunda, an<lb></lb>guſta, æquíſque ſpatiis, ſecundum longi<lb></lb>tudinem diſpoſita, ſeptem excipiunt virgu<lb></lb>las tenues, altitudine vnciæ fermè, mobi<lb></lb>les in imo, & in ſuprema parte circumfle<lb></lb>xas, vt annulos digiti magnitudine inclu<lb></lb>ſos retineant, ipſe verò virgæ à ſequenti <lb></lb>annulo infra flexuram continentur. </s> <s id="s.010673">Ob id<lb></lb>que omnes annuli præter primum, ab ante<lb></lb>cedente, ne exiliant liberè extra <lb></lb>anteriorem virgam prohibentur: <lb></lb>ferrea omnia & ferrea etiam na<lb></lb>uicula, cuius ſpeciem ad vnguem <lb></lb>in margine reddimus, longa la<lb></lb>táque pro magnitudine ſubiectæ <lb></lb>laminæ. </s> <s id="s.010674">Hoc inſtrumento ludus <lb></lb>excogitatus miræ ſubtilitatis. </s> <s id="s.010675">Pri<lb></lb>mus, ſecundúſque annulus per <lb></lb>inane A, ſpatium immittitur, in<lb></lb>de nauicula per eoſdem annulos, <lb></lb>pòſt illorum primus per inane A, <lb></lb>demittitur, poſt quem tertius an<lb></lb>nulus per nauiculæ vacuam me<lb></lb>diam partem, vt primi duo ſur<lb></lb>ſum trahitur, illique nauicula in<lb></lb>truditur: tum etiam primò ſur<lb></lb>ſum deducto, iam tres circumam<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.234.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/234/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>biunt nauiculam ipſam: demittes igitur duos <lb></lb>primos exempta prius nauicula, ita illa ſo<lb></lb>li tertio incluſa manebit, inde quartum ſu<lb></lb>perinducere licebit, vt omnis hæc induſtria <lb></lb>tribus præceptis contineatur. </s> <s id="s.010676">Primùm, <lb></lb>quòd annulus ſurſum trahendus, dimitten<lb></lb>dúſve, vnum tantùm habeat ante ſe, cui <lb></lb>nauicula includatur. </s> <s id="s.010677">Secundùm, vt dùm de<lb></lb>mittis, vnà ſemper primos duos demittat, <lb></lb>& vnum trahat, vel vnum demittendo duos <lb></lb>primos trahat. </s> <s id="s.010678">Tertiùm, vt quocunque ſur<lb></lb>ſum tracto, vel demiſſo, omnes qui antè <lb></lb>ſunt ſurſum trahere neceſſe eſt, ac rurſus <lb></lb>demittere. </s> <s id="s.010679">Primi itaque duo à nullo alio <lb></lb>impediuntur, ne intercurrant: primum vo<lb></lb>co eum annulum, qui liber eſt in ſexagin<lb></lb>taquatuor vicibus (ſi ſine errore agatur) na<lb></lb>uicula in omnibus includitur annulis, vir<lb></lb>gáſque omnes incluſas continet in triginta <lb></lb>vna, aliis vt nonaginta quinque ſint ab ab<lb></lb>ſolutione ad primi tranſitum ſeu vltimi, <lb></lb>redeat verò totidem. </s> <s id="s.010680">Igitur circulus per<lb></lb>ficietur totus in centum nonaginta vici<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.010681">Inutile eſt hoc per ſe, ſed tamen ad <lb></lb>ſeras artificioſas arcarum transferri poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010682"><margin.target id="marg1504"></margin.target><expan abbr="Inſtrumẽtum">Inſtrumentum</expan> <lb></lb>ludricum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010683">Similis ſubtilitas eſt in latrunculorum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1505"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ludo, ſed delectabilior, ob varietatem, & <lb></lb>contentionem: vt enim nauicula in genere <lb></lb>illo eſt ſubtiliſſimæ inuentionis, ita latrun<lb></lb>culi inter ludos omnes. </s> <s id="s.010684">Scripſimus autem de <lb></lb>Ludis, quatuor libros olim. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010685"><margin.target id="marg1505"></margin.target>Latrunculo<lb></lb>rum ludus <lb></lb>ſubtiliſſimus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010686">In eodem genere eſt modus cognoſcendi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1506"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>chartam excogitatam. </s> <s id="s.010687">Fac vt mente illam <lb></lb>concipiat, inde oſtende per ſingulas: vbi <lb></lb>annuerit, digito illam clàm ſignabis, illi<lb></lb>cóque miſcebis, inde inuentam oſtendes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010688">Alij eam notæ anteponunt, miſcéntque & <lb></lb>antequam ſeparetur vident, inde ſeparant, <lb></lb>aut arbitrio ſocij relinquunt. </s> <s id="s.010689">Alij numeris <lb></lb>ſæpiùs diuidentes venantur. </s> <s id="s.010690">Inutilis etiam <lb></lb>eſt illa ſubtilitas, quæ docet omnia commer<lb></lb>cia pretio quadrantis dirimi poſſe, etiam<lb></lb>ſi rei æſtimatio ſit decies centena millia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010691">Sit equus eius gratia exempli, pretij ſci<lb></lb>licet decies centenùm millium, quem mi<lb></lb>hi venditurus ſis ea pecunia: oſtendere <lb></lb>volo quadrante poſſe dirimi venditionem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010692"><margin.target id="marg1506"></margin.target>Charta exco<lb></lb>gitata quo<lb></lb>modo cogno<lb></lb>ſcatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010693">Nam ſi offeram quinquies centena mil<lb></lb>lia, & renuas, offeram nouies centena mil<lb></lb>lia: quæ ſi non recipis, offero nouies cente<lb></lb>na, & quinquaginta millia: quæ ſi renuis, <lb></lb>iterum offero nouies centena octuaginta <lb></lb>millia: quòd ſi his aſſentiris, offero no<lb></lb>uies centena ſeptuaginta millia: quæ ſi non <lb></lb>recipis, offero nouies centena ſeptuaginta <lb></lb>quinque millia: quæ ſi non recipis, recipias <lb></lb>autem gratia exempli nouies centena ſe<lb></lb>ptuaginta octo millia, quæro an recipias <lb></lb>mille minus? </s> <s id="s.010694">inde quingenta? </s> <s id="s.010695">tandem ad <lb></lb>centum, & quinquaginta, inde ad decem, <lb></lb>deinde per ſingulos denarios, inde num<lb></lb>mos, pòſt quadrantes, imò etiam obolos <lb></lb>progredieris, donec eò veniat, vt obolo <lb></lb>venditio dirimatur. </s> <s id="s.010696">Id facilius oſtendes ſi <lb></lb>obolis ſingulis auctis interroges: nam in al<lb></lb>terum duorum abſurdorum incidere coge<lb></lb>tur, vel vt oboli additione vendat: quod priùs <lb></lb>nolebat ante oboli additionem, vel vt nul<lb></lb>lo pretio vendere velit. </s> <s id="s.010697">Hæc itaque noſtra <lb></lb>arguta inuentio ad nihil vtilis eſt, egregia <pb pagenum="588" xlink:href="016/01/235.jpg"></pb>cum ſua ſubtilitate, niſi vt reſpondentem ſo<lb></lb>phiſtica quæſtione inuoluat & fatiget. </s> <s id="s.010698">Sed <lb></lb>in omni alimento excrementum: nec vbi ex<lb></lb>crementum ſine alimento. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010699">Tertium genus inutilis ſubtilitatis in Ray<lb></lb>mundi Lullij libris ſpectare licet. </s> <s id="s.010700">Res pror<lb></lb>ſus riſu digna, omnem velle tradere doctri<lb></lb>nam, nullam noſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010701">Sed tamen vt diligentiùs conſiderauimus, <lb></lb>non prorſus contemnenda inuentio viſa eſt: <lb></lb>ſiquidem totam vnam artem, vtpote Medi<lb></lb>cinam, duodecim ad ſummum chartis tra<lb></lb>dere licet. </s> <s id="s.010702">Sic nos non ſolùm Medicinam, <lb></lb>totam chirurgiam, ac pharmaceutriam <lb></lb>cum ſignis naturalibúſque principiis, tum <lb></lb>exemplis, viginti ſex chartis complexi hac <lb></lb>ratione ſumus, additis authoritatibus de<lb></lb>monſtrationibus, vbi opus illis eſſe exiſti<lb></lb>maui. </s> <s id="s.010703">Edetur autem hic liber. </s> <s id="s.010704">Sed modum <lb></lb>nunc docere præſtat ex Arithmeticis arcanis <lb></lb>deſumptum. </s> <s id="s.010705">Quælibet ars quæ rebus non <lb></lb>placitis conſtat, viginti ſimplicibus regulis <lb></lb>contineri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.010706">Nam viginti propoſitis ter<lb></lb>minis conſtituuntur <expan abbr="cõiugationes">coniugationes</expan> 1048375. <lb></lb>Cuius numeri ratio abſolutiſſima hæc eſt: <lb></lb>ſingulares viginti. </s> <s id="s.010707">Pro 19. totidem. </s> <s id="s.010708">Pro <lb></lb>18. & 2. duc 40. in 19. fit 760. diuide per <lb></lb>2. exit 380. Pro 17. & 3. duc 18. per 380. <lb></lb>& diuide per 3. exit 2280. Pro 16. & 4. <lb></lb>duc 2280. per 17. & diuide per 4. exit <lb></lb>9690. Pro 15. & 5. duc 9690. per 16. & <lb></lb>diuide per 5. atque ita ſemper ducendo ag<lb></lb>gregatum, procedens per numerum maio<lb></lb>rem præcedentem, & diuidendo produ<lb></lb>ctum per minorem numerum, ordine de<lb></lb>uenies ad 10. qui eſt in medio: qui cùm <lb></lb>ſit abſque compari, duces præcedens ag<lb></lb>gregatum, quòd eſt 325920. per 11. gene<lb></lb>rali ratione fit 3695120. diuide per 10. fit <lb></lb>369512, Sed quia hic numerus componi<lb></lb>tur ex ſimilibus, accipiemus ſolùm medie<lb></lb>tatem, ſcilicet 184756. Omnibus igitur <lb></lb>ſimul iunctis, additáque vnitate pro regu<lb></lb>la, quæ ex omnibus ſimplicibus conſtat, <lb></lb>fient ( vt dixi ) regulæ omnes, 1048575. <lb></lb>Cùm igitur libri omnes artis, Græci, Ara<lb></lb>bes, atque Latini, ne vigeſimam quidem <lb></lb>partem contineant, conſtat ſimpliciſſimas <lb></lb>regulas, aut non tot eſſe, aut non expleri <lb></lb>omnes coniugationes. </s> <s id="s.010709">Igitur cùm duabus <lb></lb>chartis, viginti regulæ tum modi coniuga<lb></lb>tionum contineri poſſint, tota etiam ars <lb></lb>continebitur. </s> <s id="s.010710">Ita libri tres de Difficultate <lb></lb>ſpirandi, duabus regulis continentur: cùm <lb></lb>tertiam Galenus omiſerit. </s> <s id="s.010711">Excipiuntur quæ<lb></lb>cunque placitis hominum conſtant: Iu<lb></lb>riſprudentia, Grammatica, Geographia, <lb></lb>Theologia, Rhetorica, Poëſis, Hiſtoria, <lb></lb>nam hæ pluribus ſimplicibus regulis con<lb></lb>ſtant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010712">Eiuſdem argumenti, id eſt, fruſtrà per<lb></lb>ditæ operæ eſt libros componere: in qui<lb></lb>bus, ſi quod oſtendere non poteſt, totius <lb></lb>argumenti fundamenti neges, omnia pror<lb></lb>ſus corruant. </s> <s id="s.010713">Velut qui rerum natura<lb></lb>lium originem, principiáque ex oraculis <lb></lb>Sibyllæ, & Poëtarum ambiguis & fabu<lb></lb>loſis authoritatibus venatur, oſtenderéque <lb></lb>nititur. </s> <s id="s.010714">Videntur enim mortalium chariſ<lb></lb>ſimam docere ſuppellectilem, tempus <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> in<lb></lb>quam) effundere. </s> <s id="s.010715">Itaque meritò genus hoc <lb></lb>ſcribendi à Galeno in libris de Decretis Hip<lb></lb>pocratis, & Platonis damnatur, improba<lb></lb>tur, reiicitur. </s> <s id="s.010716">Quid enim abſurdius, ne <lb></lb>ſtultius dicam: quàm in ſeriis rebus, & <lb></lb>quæ firmiſſima indigerent demonſtratione, <lb></lb>teſtimonium ab oraculis, & Poëtis petere, <lb></lb>quorum mens nihil minus cogitabat, quàm <lb></lb>quod ſcriberent? </s> <s id="s.010717">Id ſolùm quærentibus illis, <lb></lb>vt numerus impleretur, carménque ſona<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.010718">In eodem genere collocantur Theolo<lb></lb>li naturalibus rationibus contra Philoſo<lb></lb>phos diſputantes, & hæreſium omnium in<lb></lb>uentores, & qui de ſigillis ſub certis cœ<lb></lb>lorum conſtitutionibus faciendis loquuntur, <lb></lb>& qui de magia naturali à numerorum ra<lb></lb>tione ſumpta, vt Agrippa infelix: nam nu<lb></lb>meri <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt rectè Ariſtoteles dixit ) actionum, <lb></lb>& mutationum non poſſunt eſſe principia. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1507"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Ea enim quæ ſcribuntur, tria habere de<lb></lb>bent, vtilitatem præſentem, certum finem, <lb></lb>inexpugnabile fundamentum. </s> <s id="s.010719">Quapropter <lb></lb>& Rhabani ſubtilitas inter inutiles cenſeri <lb></lb>debet, laboris immenſi, & admodum curio<lb></lb>ſa. </s> <s id="s.010720">Hic ſimul carminis & numerorum legem <lb></lb>ſeruat primò, tum imaginem figurarum ſitu <lb></lb>literarum explicat, literis in figura incluſis: <lb></lb>rurſus ſenſum, & hiſtoriam continet figu<lb></lb>ræ, atque his etiam carmina conſtruit. </s> <s id="s.010721">To<lb></lb>ta verò ſerie carminum, omnem explicat <lb></lb>denuò ſenſum figuræ contentæ. </s> <s id="s.010722">Sic cru<lb></lb>ces, arbores, aueſque, aliáque innumera, <lb></lb>hac arte depingit: cuius hoc vnum ſit exem<lb></lb>plum. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph>Arbor odore potens, frondoſo vertice nata, <lb></lb>Qua ſumma verè ſacro, u fluit ordine bertas, <lb></lb>Hortus ditatus, & par cui nullus in orbe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010723">Floribus, & foliis, milleno germine diues, <lb></lb>Omnes excedens altas rauitudine ſyluas, <lb></lb>Cum totam piè magnus ueſtit honóſque, decúſque, <lb></lb>Ambit verus honor, laetvs loquitur ea voto, <lb></lb>Stans homo liuor hoc nationi denegat atræ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010724">Dæmonis horrendus rem ſciri laude moueri, <lb></lb>Arbor ſola tenens uarios virtute colores: <lb></lb>Purpureo regis ſub tactu roſcida fulgens, <lb></lb>Æterno es radio, ſtant in te nam piè vincta, <lb></lb>Ædes turritæ, ex hoc dudum es nomine berta.<emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010725"><margin.target id="marg1507"></margin.target>Quæ ſcribun<lb></lb>tur tria ha<lb></lb>bere debent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010726">Rhabani <lb></lb>ſubtilitas <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010727">Si animaduertas, deſcendendo legitur <lb></lb>carmen hoc: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Forma ſacrata crucis, venerando fulget amictu.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <pb pagenum="589" xlink:href="016/01/236.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010728">Et rurſus, dum è dextra in ſiniſtram tendis, <lb></lb>hoc aliud in ſepto: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Magnus veſtit honor, latus loquor hoc nationi.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010729">Simili curioſitate Plautus vſus eſt, in con<lb></lb>ſcribendo nomine, argumenti fabulæ per <lb></lb>capita dictionum, quæ in initio argumenti <lb></lb>ipſius fabulæ poſita ſunt, literas primas col<lb></lb>ligendo. </s> <s id="s.010730">Sed illa magis Comœdum decue<lb></lb>runt, quàm ſi ex compoſito, hanc ratio<lb></lb>nem totus ſe illi dedens iniſſet. </s> <s id="s.010731">Velut Hug<lb></lb>baldus Gallus, monachus Eluomenſis, ex or<lb></lb>dine beati Benedicti, qui centum triginta<lb></lb>ſex carminibus, quorum ſingulæ dictiones <lb></lb>elemento C, initium ſumebant, Laudes Ca<lb></lb>roli Calui Francorum Regis ſcripſit, quorum <lb></lb>initium eſt: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Carmina clariſona caluis cantate camœnæ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010732">Simili illud Placentij Porcij, qui Pu<lb></lb>gnam porcorum trecentis penè carmini<lb></lb>bus cecinit: quorum ſingulæ dictiones ex <lb></lb>P, littera initium ſumunt. </s> <s id="s.010733">Extat opus im<lb></lb>preſſum non inelegans, apud me: cuius ini<lb></lb>tium eſt: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Plandite porcelli, porcorum pigra propago.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010734">Sed ſi hæc coniunctam in ſe habe rent <lb></lb>aliquam vtilitatem, ſumma dignum laude <lb></lb>hominem arbitrarer: nunc verò tam operam <lb></lb>irridere licet, quàm etiam ingenium admi<lb></lb>rari. </s> <s id="s.010735">Placere poteſt exemplum, copia horum <lb></lb>certè tædium parit. </s> <s id="s.010736">Hócque vnum fermè eſt <lb></lb>commune his, quorum nullus inter homines <lb></lb>vſus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010737">Atque hæc penè ſimilia induſtriæ egregij <lb></lb>illius viri, qui cicere, cùm quemcunque <lb></lb>vellet locum feriret, ciceris modium ab A<lb></lb>lexandro promeruit: magis auerſatus ina<lb></lb>nem laborem, quàm induſtriam admira<lb></lb>tus. </s> <s id="s.010738">Eiuſdem etiam, ſed aliquantò vtilio<lb></lb>ris argumenti ſunt libri illi quatuor Geo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1508"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>metrici Procli in Euclidis elementa: nihil <lb></lb>enim nouum docent, ob idque ad artem non <lb></lb>ſpectant. </s> <s id="s.010739">Quia tamen varia eſt ſubtilitas il<lb></lb>la, non vnius prorſus generis, vt in Rhabano <lb></lb>& Lullio, ideò non omninò vt inutiles abii<lb></lb>ci, & ſperni debent. </s> <s id="s.010740">Nam & ipſius ſubtilita<lb></lb>tis cùm plura fuerint exempla, ars quædam <lb></lb>etiam erit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1509"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010741"><margin.target id="marg1508"></margin.target>Procli libri <lb></lb>non ſpectant <lb></lb>ad artem <lb></lb><expan abbr="Geometricã">Geometricam</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010742"><margin.target id="marg1509"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>quæcunque <lb></lb>in elementis <lb></lb>Euclid. </s> <s id="s.010743">de<lb></lb>monſtrata <lb></lb>ſunt, abſque <lb></lb>vlla propoſi<lb></lb>ti vnius tan<lb></lb>tum circuli <lb></lb>mutatione <lb></lb>oſtendi poſ<lb></lb>ſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010744">Igitur conſimili argumento quale fuit <lb></lb>Procli, oſtentatione potius iuuenili, quàm <lb></lb>vtilitate manifeſta, tum ego, tum Ludo<lb></lb>uicus Ferrarius paucis in diebus inuenimus, <lb></lb>quónam pacto quæcunque ab Euclide de<lb></lb>monſtrantur, variata circini latitudine, à <lb></lb>nobis ſub quacunque latitudine illius à con<lb></lb>tradicente propoſita inuariabilique, præ<lb></lb>ter circulorum ſolam inſcriptionem ac cir<lb></lb>cumſcriptionem, perfectè à nobis poſſent <lb></lb>oſtendi. </s> <s id="s.010745">Et quamvis dum hæc ſcriberemus, <lb></lb>Ludouicus ipſe hanc totam demonſtratio<lb></lb>nem typis exceptam edidiſſet optimè, quia <lb></lb>tamen opus illud contentionis gratia ſcri<lb></lb>ptum eſt, haud arbitror ſuperfuturum, cùm <lb></lb>nihil aliud fermè egregij contineat: & ſi <lb></lb>quædam ſint egregia, ſeorſum tamen poſi<lb></lb>ta ſunt, & non vnius generis, ita poſtu<lb></lb>lante materia: quo fit vt operæ pretium eſſe <lb></lb>duxerim, ne quandoque tam rarum ſubtili<lb></lb>tatis exemplum periret, illud denuò hîc ſub<lb></lb>iicere. </s> <s id="s.010746">Sed quomodo? </s> <s id="s.010747">breuius demonſtratio<lb></lb>nibus: ne abhorrentes à Geometricis tædio <lb></lb>capiantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010748">Igitur primò, quarta primi Elemento<arrow.to.target n="marg1510"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum, velut ab Euclide demonſtratur, cùm <lb></lb>nullius præcedentis alterius propoſitionis <lb></lb>auxilio indigeat, erit demonſtranda. </s> <s id="s.010749">Inde <lb></lb>quinta: nam quòd ad demonſtrationem at<lb></lb>tinet, ſola quarta, quam primam vocabi<lb></lb>mus, vt quintam ſecundam, indiget: quò <lb></lb>verò ad protrahendum lineas, circuli am<lb></lb>plitudo nobis propoſita ſufficiet, cùm lineas <lb></lb>quantumlibet in directum producere liceat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010750">Inde tertia erit nobis, quæ ſeptima & quar<lb></lb>ta, qua octaua: nam etſi ab Euclide ex ſe<lb></lb>ptima demonſtretur, tamen & ſine abſur<lb></lb>do ſic poterit demonſtrari. </s> <s id="s.010751">Collocato alte<lb></lb>ro trigono ex aduerſo ſuper baſim, lineáque <lb></lb>à vertice ad verticem recta ducta: nam con<lb></lb>ſtat, vt etiam à Proclo oſtenditur in tertio <lb></lb>libro ex ſecunda, & animi communi ſen<lb></lb>tentia, trigonos habere angulos ſupremos, <lb></lb>& latera illos continentia æqualia, igitur <lb></lb>ex prima erunt æquales, transferre autem <lb></lb>trigonos licet, cùm Euclides in quarta ſua <lb></lb>Propoſitione id admittat. </s> <s id="s.010752">Quarta nobis erit <lb></lb>nona Euclidis in primo libro: nam de il<lb></lb>lo intelligo, donec alterius libri mentio<lb></lb>nem adiecero. </s> <s id="s.010753">Igitur factis lineis angu<lb></lb>lum continentibus æqualibus iuxta circini <lb></lb>latitudinem propoſitum, circulos duos ſe<lb></lb>cundum datam latitudinem factis centris <lb></lb>terminis linearum deſcribam, ſecantes ſe <lb></lb>in angulo propoſito & ex aduerſo, ad quam <lb></lb>ſectionem è centris circulorum ductis li<lb></lb>neis, inde è ſectione ad ſectionem ex ter<lb></lb>tia harum, & circuli diffinitione illicò pa<lb></lb>tet propoſitum. </s> <s id="s.010754">Quòd ſi quis adeò peruer<lb></lb>ſus ſit, vt ne admittat circulos alibi ſe <lb></lb>ſecare, quàm in angulo, ducta linea in<lb></lb>ter fines angulum continentium recta, to<lb></lb>ties vtrunque circulos repetemus, donec <lb></lb>ſe tandem, aut ſecent, aut contingant. </s> <s id="s.010755">Per <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1511"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſecundam & primam harum aſſequemur, <lb></lb>tandémque per tertiam propoſitum angu<lb></lb>lum, ducta ex angulo, ad aduerſam circulo<lb></lb>rum ſectionem recta, bifariàm. </s> <s id="s.010756">ſecari. </s> <s id="s.010757">Quin<lb></lb>tam ſtatuemus decimam Euclidis, per præ<lb></lb>cedentis modum, vim ac figuram demon<lb></lb>ſtratam. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010758"><margin.target id="marg1510"></margin.target><lb></lb>Primi Eucl. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010759">noſtræ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010760">4 1 <lb></lb>5 2 <lb></lb>7 3 <lb></lb>8 4 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010761"><margin.target id="marg1511"></margin.target><lb></lb>Eucl. </s> <s id="s.010762">noſtræ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010763">10 6 <lb></lb>11 7 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010764">Sexta erit vndecima illius: hinc inde ex <lb></lb>puncto dato, quantum eſt circuli latitudo <lb></lb>capiemus: vtraque verò per quintam diui<lb></lb>ſa bifariàm, erunt partes quæ ad punctum <lb></lb>iungentur dimidium latitudinis circini, am<lb></lb>bæque iunctæ ipſa latitudo, vnde extremis <lb></lb>illius lineæ pro centris poſitis, vbi circuli <lb></lb>ſe interſecabunt, linea ducta ad punctum <lb></lb>datum, ex tertia harum perpendicularis erit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010765">Inde decimamtertiam, decimamquartam, & <lb></lb>decimamquintam Euclidis, ſeptimam, octa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1512"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uam, & nonam harum ſtatuemus, cùm nullis <lb></lb>aliis, niſi demonſtratis, iam hîc indigeant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010766"><margin.target id="marg1512"></margin.target><lb></lb>13 8 <lb></lb>14 9 <lb></lb>15 10 <lb></lb>Pars tertia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010767">11. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010768"><emph type="center"></emph>PARS TERTIÆ DECIMÆ.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010769">Decima propoſitio erit hæc: Propoſitis <lb></lb>duabus lineis inæqualibus ſe tangentibus, <lb></lb>de maiore quantum æquale ſit minori abſ<lb></lb>cindere: eſtque hæc pars tertiæ Euclidis: at <pb pagenum="590" xlink:href="016/01/237.jpg"></pb>Euclides etiam de non coniunctis demon<lb></lb>ſtrat. </s> <s id="s.010770">Pro hac igitur demonſtranda, diuida<lb></lb>tur angulus quem illæ continent indefinita <lb></lb>linea, poſtmodum facto <expan abbr="cẽtro">centro</expan> extremo lineæ <lb></lb>breuioris deſcribam circulum, qui in <expan abbr="termi-nũ">termi<lb></lb>num</expan> minoris cadet, maiorem autem ſecabit ad <lb></lb>minoris æqualitatem. </s> <s id="s.010771">Tranſpoſitis enim tri<lb></lb>gonis, quorum vertices ſunt in puncto con<lb></lb>iunctionis propoſitarum linearum, fines <lb></lb>autem ſectiones circulorum cum lineis, ita <lb></lb>quòd media diuidens baſis ſit communis <lb></lb>vtriuſque ſecundum modum conceſſum ab <lb></lb>Euclide in ſua quarta primi elementorum, <lb></lb>ni datæ lineæ æquales fuerint, erit pars to<lb></lb>ti æqualis, quod eſſe non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.010772">Si verò di<lb></lb>cas circulum è minoris termino centrum <lb></lb>habentem ad mediam non peruenire, to<lb></lb>ties per quartam anguli illi bifariàm ſecen<lb></lb>tur, donec attingant: inde repetita demon<lb></lb>ſtratione propoſitum habebitur, vt prius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010773">Quoniam verò trigonos tranſponimus, <lb></lb>id non ad conſtruendum quicquam licet. </s> <s id="s.010774">Par <lb></lb>enim fermè eſſet circuli æquilatationi, ſed <lb></lb>ſolùm in theorematibus, ad id quod ita ſit <lb></lb>demonſtrandum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010775"><emph type="center"></emph>PARS PRIMÆ VNDECIMÆ<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010776">Vndecima erit, ſuper datam lineam <lb></lb>triangulum duum æqualium laterum deſcri<lb></lb>bere: diuidemus eam bifariàm, erigemus <lb></lb>perpendicularem è ſectionis puncto per ſex<lb></lb>tam, completóque trigono per primam pa<lb></lb>tet propoſitum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010777">Ex hac & præcedente, abſque circulis, <lb></lb>per modum Euclidis, illius ſecundam de<lb></lb>monſtrabimus, quæ erit duodecima noſtra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010778">At ex hac per modum Euclidis, tertia illius <lb></lb>demonſtrabitur generaliter, quæ erit <lb></lb>decimatertia harum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010779">Decimaſexta Euclidis, <lb></lb>& quinque ſequentes, vt <lb></lb>ab Euclide ponuntur, <lb></lb>demonſtrabuntur: habe<lb></lb>búntque locum apud nos <lb></lb>decimæquartæ, & quin<lb></lb>que ſequentium: quan<lb></lb>doquidem nullis aliis <lb></lb>quàm demonſtratis iam <lb></lb>à nobis hucúſqne indi<lb></lb>gent. </s> <s id="s.010780">Simili ratione vi<lb></lb>geſimaſexta, & quatuor <lb></lb>ſequentes, vigeſimæ no<lb></lb>ſtræ, & quatuor proxi<lb></lb>mè ſequentium locum <lb></lb>obtinebunt. </s> <s id="s.010781">Vigeſima<lb></lb>quinta noſtra erit apud <lb></lb>Euclidem vigeſimater<lb></lb>tia, quæ ſic demonſtra <lb></lb>pars primæ 12. <lb></lb> 2 13 <lb></lb> 3 14 <lb></lb>10 15 <lb></lb>17 16 <lb></lb>18 17 <lb></lb>19 18 <lb></lb>20 19 <lb></lb>21 20 <lb></lb>26 21 <lb></lb>27 22 <lb></lb>28 23 <lb></lb>29 24 <lb></lb>30 25 <lb></lb>23 26 <lb></lb> 6 27 <lb></lb>24 28 <lb></lb>bitur: lineas continentes angulum æquales <lb></lb>inuicem ad datam circini latitudinem fa<lb></lb>cies. </s> <s id="s.010782">Inde ſubtenſa recta, minor erit per <lb></lb>decimamoctauam ambobus lateribus trigo<lb></lb>ni datum angulum continentibus. </s> <s id="s.010783">Huic ba<lb></lb>ſi igitur per decimamtertiam hoc expuncto <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1513"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dato in linea æqualem abſcindemus: inde <lb></lb>rurſus factis vtrinque terminis, lineæ iam <lb></lb>abſciſæ centris deſcribemus circulos, qui <lb></lb>ſe ſecabunt ex decimaoctaua, vt dixi: du<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1514"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctis ergo linei ex communi circulorum ſe<lb></lb>ctione ad extrema lineæ ſubiectæ, iam pa<lb></lb>làm erit ex tertia angulum in dato puncto, <lb></lb>propoſito eſſe coæqualem. </s> <s id="s.010784">Sextam inde loco <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1515"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>demonſtrabimus facillimè ex decimatertia, <lb></lb>demonſtratione, quæ contradicentem dedu<lb></lb>cat ad impoſſibile: ſed placet vera demon<lb></lb>ſtratione oſtendere: alium igitur trigonum <lb></lb>ex præcedenti fabricabo baſim habentem ba<lb></lb>ſi æqualem, & angulos qui ſunt ſupra baſim <lb></lb>angulis ſupra baſim propoſiti trigoni æqua<lb></lb>les. </s> <s id="s.010785">Inde ſuperponendo baſim baſi ex prima <lb></lb><expan abbr="harũ">harum</expan> conceſſa ab Euclide, fiet per communes <lb></lb>animi ſententias bis, ſuperponendo verſa vi<lb></lb>ce, vt latera demonſtrentur æqualia. </s> <s id="s.010786">Quo <lb></lb>peracto vigeſimaoctaua ex præcedente de<lb></lb>monſtretur. </s> <s id="s.010787">Huic ſuccedunt vigeſimaquar<lb></lb>ta, & trigeſimaprima Euclidis: prima autem <lb></lb>eiuſdem, trigeſimoſecundo loco ſic demon<lb></lb>ſtrabitur, facto trigono æquilatero iuxta cir<lb></lb>cini latitudinem eodem modo quo facit Eu<lb></lb>clides, in terminis verò datæ lineæ duobus <lb></lb>angulis æqualibus illis trigoni ex vigeſima<lb></lb>quinta harum, quare ex trigeſimaprima erit <lb></lb>tertius tertio, ac prioris trianguli ex ſecunda <lb></lb>harum anguli ſunt æquales, igitur & ſecundi <lb></lb>trigoni: igitur ex vigeſimaſexta erit trigonus <lb></lb>ſecundus ſuper <expan abbr="datã">datam</expan> lineam <expan abbr="cõſtitutus">conſtitutus</expan> æqui<lb></lb>laterus. </s> <s id="s.010788">Trigeſimatertia erit duodecima pri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1516"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mi Elemen. </s> <s id="s.010789">ex dato puncto per trigeſimam <lb></lb>harum datæ lineæ duco æquidiſtantem, inde <lb></lb>per ſextam ſuper deductam ex eodem puncto <lb></lb>duco perpendicularem, donec ex eadem par<lb></lb>te occurrat datæ lineæ, cui cùm occurrerit <lb></lb>perpendicularis inſiſtet ex vigeſimatertia, <lb></lb>cùm prior iam ſit rectus. </s> <s id="s.010790">Poſt hæc quando<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1517"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quidem nil aliud ſupponitur præter demon<lb></lb>ſtrata, liberum erit vſque ad vltimam primi, <lb></lb>relicta ſola vigeſimaſecunda, procedere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010791"><margin.target id="marg1513"></margin.target>Euclid. </s> <s id="s.010792">No<lb></lb>ſtræ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010793"><margin.target id="marg1514"></margin.target><lb></lb>6 26 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010794"><margin.target id="marg1515"></margin.target><lb></lb>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio ſextæ pri<lb></lb>mi elemento<lb></lb>rum per ar<lb></lb>gumenti con<lb></lb>cluſionem, <lb></lb>ſeu ducens <lb></lb>ad neceſſa<lb></lb>rium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010795">7 37 <lb></lb>24 28 <lb></lb>25 29 <lb></lb>31 30 <lb></lb>32 31 <lb></lb>Prima 32 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010796"><margin.target id="marg1516"></margin.target><lb></lb>12 33 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010797"><margin.target id="marg1517"></margin.target><lb></lb>Reſiduum <lb></lb>primi lib. <lb></lb> propter 23. <lb></lb>Totus ſecun<lb></lb>dus lib. præ<lb></lb>ter <expan abbr="vltimã">vltimam</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010798">Tertij libri <lb></lb>primæ ſexde<lb></lb>cim propoſi<lb></lb>tiones. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010799">31 34 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010800">Eadémque ratione totum ſecundum <expan abbr="librũ">librum</expan>, <lb></lb>vltima dumtaxat propoſitione excepta. </s> <s id="s.010801">Primas <lb></lb><expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan> ſexdecim tertij libri, & partem <expan abbr="primã">primam</expan> <lb></lb>trigeſimę primæ proportionis eiuſdem, quam <lb></lb>trigeſimamquartam huius dicemus: nam du<lb></lb>cta linea ex centro, per ſecundam harum, <lb></lb>conſtat angulum ſupremum æqualem eſſe <lb></lb>duobus, qui ſunt ſupra baſim pariter acce<lb></lb>ptis: cùm verò tres ipſi æquales ſint duobus <lb></lb>rectis ex trigeſimaprima, neceſſe erit fateri <lb></lb>ſupremum, qui in circuli dimidio conſiſtit <lb></lb>eſſe rectum. </s> <s id="s.010802">Imò eodem modo quo ibi de<lb></lb>monſtrantur, reliquæ huius propoſitionis <lb></lb>partes patêre poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.010803">Totus etiam quintus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1518"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>liber, cùm ex aliis non pendeat, demonſtra<lb></lb>bitur liberè ea ratione quæ ab Euclide: tum <lb></lb>verò & duodecim primi ſexti Elementorum <lb></lb>propoſitiones, cùm demonſtratis iam tantùm <lb></lb>indigeant. </s> <s id="s.010804">Iam verò decimamtertiam ſexti <lb></lb>demonſtrare pro trigeſimaquinta oportet: <lb></lb>iunctis igitur ligneis ad punctum ſecundum <lb></lb>rectitudinem per decimamtertiam, quæ ſint <lb></lb>AC, & CB, ducam per ſextam AF, quàm per <lb></lb>decimamtertiam faciam duplam circini la<lb></lb>titudini, ductáque BF, ducam per trigeſimam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1519"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>CB, æquidiſtantem BF, & faciam CG, æqua<lb></lb>lem EF, & CK, æqualem EA, per decimam<lb></lb>tertiam. </s> <s id="s.010805">Cùm igitur ſit proportio ex quarta <lb></lb>ſexti Element. </s> <s id="s.010806">AF, ad B, vt AE, ad AC, erit <lb></lb>ex decimanona quinti Element. </s> <s id="s.010807">AF, ad AC, <lb></lb>vt EF, ad CE, quare KC, ad AC, vt CG, ad <lb></lb>CB, per ſeptimum eiuſdem quinti elemen-<pb pagenum="591" xlink:href="016/01/238.jpg"></pb>torum: ideóque ex decimaquarta eiuſdem, <lb></lb>ſi KC eſt maior AC, vel æqualis, vel minor, <lb></lb>ita CG maior, æqualis, aut minor CB. </s> <s id="s.010808">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur KC æqualis ſit AF, diuiſa per medium <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.238.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/238/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>in H, per quintam deſcribetur ſemicircu<lb></lb>lus ſecundum propoſitam magnitudinem, <lb></lb>quia AF fuit dupla illi latitudini per ſextam: <lb></lb>erigo igitur CM perpendicularem, & ducta <lb></lb>GL ex ſectione circuli, & perpendicularis, <lb></lb>ducemus BM illi æquidiſtantem per trigeſi<lb></lb>mam mediam: conſtat igitur CM, eſſe pro<lb></lb>portione mediam inter AC & CB: nam (vt <lb></lb>demonſtratum eſt) vt KC ad CA, ita CG ad <lb></lb>CB, quare, vt KC ad CG, ita AC ad CB: at <lb></lb>ex quarta ſexti, vt CG ad CB, ita LC ad <lb></lb>CM: LC, autem ex octaua ſexti Elemento<lb></lb>rum & trigeſimaquarta harum eſt in media <lb></lb>proportione K C & CG, igitur & CM, in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1520"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>media proportione AC & CB. </s> <s id="s.010809">Ex hac ha<lb></lb>betur vltima ſecundi Element. </s> <s id="s.010810">quæ eſt tri<lb></lb>geſimaſexta. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010811"><margin.target id="marg1518"></margin.target>Quintus li<lb></lb>ber Euclid. <lb></lb>totus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010812">Sexti libri <lb></lb>primæ duo<lb></lb>decim propo<lb></lb>ſitiones.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010813"><margin.target id="marg1519"></margin.target><lb></lb>13 35 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010814"><margin.target id="marg1520"></margin.target><lb></lb>Vltima ſe<lb></lb>cundi <expan abbr="Elemẽ-torum">Elemen<lb></lb>torum</expan> 36. <lb></lb>Reliquum <lb></lb>ſexti Ele<lb></lb>mentorum <lb></lb>præter vlti<lb></lb>mam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010815">Tertij Eucl. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010816">noſtræ, <lb></lb>17 37 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010817">Eadem ratione perficiemus Euclidis de<lb></lb>monſtrationibus omnes ſexti Elementorum <lb></lb>propoſitiones, vltima duntaxat excepta. </s> <s id="s.010818">Inde <lb></lb>decimamſeptimam tertij Elementorum ag<lb></lb>grediemur. </s> <s id="s.010819">Hæc erit trigeſimaſeptima. </s> <s id="s.010820">Du<lb></lb>cta igitur ex puncto præter circulum per <lb></lb>centrum recta, ſumam mediam per trigeſi<lb></lb>mamquintam inter totam, quæ ex puncto <lb></lb>vſque ad circumferentiam interiorem, & il<lb></lb>lam quæ ei exterius adiacet, inde ſuper ter<lb></lb>minum inuentæ erecta perpendiculari ſe<lb></lb>cundum quantitatem ſemidiametri circuli, <lb></lb>ad quem ex puncto propoſito contingens <lb></lb>ducenda eſt, concludo triangulum. </s> <s id="s.010821">Ergo <lb></lb>huic angulo contenta ex vltimo ducta & <lb></lb>perpendiculari, ſeu oppoſito conſimili ex <lb></lb>25. facio angulum in centro æqualem verſus <lb></lb>punctum propoſitum, ex quo ducta recta ad <lb></lb>extremum lineæ quæ angulum facit, vbi ſci<lb></lb>licet circulum tangit, contingens erit: nam <lb></lb>ex ſexta ſecundi Element. </s> <s id="s.010822">& 47. primi eiuſ<lb></lb>dem, linea ex puncto ad centrum æqualis <lb></lb>erit lineæ vltimò ductæ, quæ recto opponi<lb></lb>tur: ex prima igitur harum, angulus ille in <lb></lb>baſi iuxta circumferentiam rectus, & ex 16. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1521"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tertij Element. </s> <s id="s.010823">producta contingens. </s> <s id="s.010824">Reli<lb></lb>quæ omnes tertij libri, præter 24. & 33. de<lb></lb>monſtrantur, ex iam demonſtratis. </s> <s id="s.010825">In 24. <lb></lb>demonſtrabimus locum centri, vt Euclides: <lb></lb>perficere circulum non eſt poſſibile, cum re<lb></lb>pugnet iam promiſſis, illa <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> vtemur, quia <lb></lb>non eſt opus, niſi in circumſcribendis, aut in <lb></lb>ſcribendis circulis niſi centri inuentione, vt <lb></lb>demonſtrabimus. </s> <s id="s.010826">In 33. etiam tertij abſol<lb></lb>uemus quotquot voluerimus angulos ſupra <lb></lb>datam lineam: quia omnes, ſi circulus ſupra <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1522"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>illam deſcriberetur, in circumferentia illius <lb></lb>eſſent. </s> <s id="s.010827">Id prius auxilio trigeſimæquartæ ter<lb></lb>tij, quæ abſque 33. demonſtratur in propo<lb></lb>ſito tuo circulo, abſoluemus, inde per 25. ſu<lb></lb>pra conſtitutam lineam: ergo erunt hæ no<lb></lb>bis loco trigeſimęoctauæ, & trigeſimęnonæ, <lb></lb>ſicut vltima ſexti Elementorum pro 40. Pòſt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1523"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>demonſtrabimus primam quarti Elemento<lb></lb>rum, hæc erit nobis quadrageſimaprima: per <lb></lb>duodecimam ſexti Elementorum conſtitu<lb></lb>tam, vt ſit latitudinis circini propoſiti ad A, <lb></lb>lineam, vt ſemidiametri circuli, in quo eſt <lb></lb>linea inſcribenda ad lineam inſcribendam, <lb></lb>inde collocata A in circulo mihi permiſſo, <lb></lb>expleo trigonum duûm æqualium laterum, <lb></lb>& angulo in centro circuli permiſſi, quem <lb></lb>ſubtendit linea A æqualem, ex vigeſima<lb></lb>quinta facio in propoſiti circuli centro. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010828">Conſtabit itaque ex trigeſimaprima harum <lb></lb>trigonos eſſe ſimiles, ſubducta ſemidiame<lb></lb>tris recta, quare ſemidiametri conceſſi ad A, <lb></lb>vt ſemidiametri propoſiti ad ſubductam ex <lb></lb>quartaſexti Elementorum, talis verò fuit <lb></lb>ſemidiametri propoſiti circuli ad lineam <lb></lb>propoſitam, igitur ſubducta eſt æqualis pro<lb></lb>poſitæ. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010829"><margin.target id="marg1521"></margin.target><lb></lb>Reliquum <lb></lb>tertij libri <lb></lb>excepta 24. <lb></lb>& 33. <lb></lb>24 37 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010830"><margin.target id="marg1522"></margin.target><lb></lb>33 39 <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010831"><margin.target id="marg1523"></margin.target>Eucl. </s> <s id="s.010832">noſtræ <lb></lb>Vltim. </s> <s id="s.010833">ſexti <lb></lb>40.1. quar<lb></lb>ti 41.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010834">Poſt hæc demonſtranda eſt 22. primi Ele<lb></lb>mentorum: quamuis ad Euclidis finem non <lb></lb>ſit neceſſaria, ſed propter 22. ab eodem ad<lb></lb>iecta fuerit ſolum, quæ iam ſuperius eſt de<lb></lb>monſtrata. </s> <s id="s.010835">Sint igitur propoſitæ tres lineæ <lb></lb>ABC, ſub conditione ibidem adiecta, & aſ<lb></lb>ſumo circulum mihi conceſſum, cuius dime<lb></lb>tiens DH, & medium eius DE, & ſit A ma<lb></lb>ior B, & B maior C, & ex 12. ſexti Elemen<lb></lb>torum iam demonſtrata, fiat DE ad EF, vt <lb></lb>A ad B, & EF ad FG, vt B ad C: & quia B <lb></lb>& C, ſupponuntur longiores A, erit tota EG <lb></lb>longior E D, igitur G punctus cadet extra <lb></lb>circulum: fiat ex eadem 12. ſexti Elemento<lb></lb>rum, vt GF ad FH, ita DF ad K, cui K adii<lb></lb>ciatur L, æqualis GF: igitur vt DF ad K, ita <lb></lb>L ad F H. </s> <s id="s.010836">Quia verò H F eſt minima 4. <lb></lb>quantitatum proportionis vnius, erit D F <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.238.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/238/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>maxima, totáque DH maior tota KL, ex 25. <lb></lb>quinti Elementorum: igitur per 41. præce<lb></lb>dentem collocabimus KL, quomodolibet in <lb></lb>circulo, vt ſit M O, & ex 13. faciam M N <lb></lb>æqualem L, erítque NO æqualis K: & du<lb></lb>cam ex centro ENP producendo ex aduerſo <lb></lb>in Q, & iterum ex eodem centro EM. </s> <s id="s.010837">Ex 16. <lb></lb>ſexti Element. </s> <s id="s.010838">productum KL, id eſt MN, <lb></lb>in NO, æquale eſt producto DF in FH, quia <lb></lb>K & L fuerunt proportione mediæ inter <lb></lb>DF & FH: & ex 35. tertij Element. </s> <s id="s.010839">produ<lb></lb>ctum P N in NQ, æquale eſt producto MN <lb></lb>in NO, igitur ex PN in NQ, fit quantam ex <lb></lb>DF in FH: igitur cum PQ, ſit æqualis DH, <lb></lb>erit NP, æqualis FH, & EN æqualis EF:EM <lb></lb>autem eſt æqualis E D, & FG æqualis L, & <lb></lb>L æqualis MN, igitur F G æqualis M N, <lb></lb>igitur trigonus E M N, conſtat ex tribus <pb pagenum="592" xlink:href="016/01/239.jpg"></pb>lineis æqualibus DE, EF, FG, igitur propor<lb></lb>tionis ABC: fiant igitur ſuper A, anguli <lb></lb>æquales M & E, per 25. erítque trigonus <lb></lb>ille ſimilis EMN: igitur ex 4. ſexti Elemen. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010840">proportio A ad latera reliqua, vt E M ad <lb></lb>EN, & MN, ſed eadem erat, vt A ad B, & <lb></lb>C, igitur ex 11. quinti Element. </s> <s id="s.010841">& nona, <lb></lb>eiuſdem latera illa æqualia erunt B & C, <lb></lb>quòd eſt propoſitum. </s> <s id="s.010842">Demonſtrata hac 42. <lb></lb>demonſtrabimus 43. quæ erit 10. quarti Ele<lb></lb>ment. </s> <s id="s.010843">Sit AB quam diuido (vt docet 11. ſe<lb></lb>cundi Element.) in C, & per præcedentem <lb></lb>facio trigonum ſuper AB, cuius vnum latus <lb></lb>ſit æquale AB, & ſit AD aliud æquale AC, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.239.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/239/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& ſit BD: quia itaque AC eſt proportione <lb></lb>media ex 17. ſexti Elementorum, inter AB <lb></lb>& BC, erit & B D æqualis, ac proportione <lb></lb>media inter A B & B C: ducta igitur linea <lb></lb>DC: erit trigonus B A D & B D C angulo <lb></lb>communi B, & lateribus continentibus pro<lb></lb>portionis eiuſdem laterum, ex 6. ſexti Ele<lb></lb>mentor. </s> <s id="s.010844">quare BD æqualis CD, ideóque DC <lb></lb>æqualis CA, & ex ſecunda harum anguli <lb></lb>CDA, & A æquales, & ex 31. DCB, eſt <lb></lb>æqualis vtrique, îgitur duplus ad A. </s> <s id="s.010845">Sed <lb></lb>per 2. harum, DCB eſt æqualis B, & per <lb></lb>eandem B eſt æqualis A D B, igitur tam <lb></lb>ADB, quàm B duplus ad A, quod eſt propo<lb></lb>ſitum. </s> <s id="s.010846">Ex his patet demonſtratas eſſe omnes <lb></lb>propoſitiones quarti, niſi quòd non licebit <lb></lb>circulum circumducere, aut inſcribere, ſed <lb></lb>ſolùm inuenire centrum: ipſáſque figuras <lb></lb>æquilateras & æquiangulas conſtruere, to<lb></lb>tamque doctrina Euclidis, <expan abbr="vſq;">vſque</expan> ad finem 6. li<lb></lb>bri, ſeu 9. iam peracta eſt. </s> <s id="s.010847">Vt verò ad finem <lb></lb>reliquorum librorum perueniamus, demon<lb></lb>ſtrabimus 44. quæ eſt, ex quocunque puncto <lb></lb>in diametro propoſito perpendicularem eri<lb></lb>gere, quæ ad contactum periferiæ circuli <lb></lb>perueniat. </s> <s id="s.010848">Nam per 35. inueniemus propor<lb></lb>tione mediam, & per ſextam educemus il<lb></lb>lam perpendicularem ad lineam propoſitam <lb></lb>ex puncto dato, pertingéntque ad periferiæ <lb></lb>locum circuli, cuius propoſita linea eſt dia<lb></lb>meter ex demonſtratione decimætertiæ ſexti <lb></lb>Elementorum, qua Euclides vtitur. </s> <s id="s.010849">Cùm ve<lb></lb>rò quadrageſimam quintam demonſtrare <lb></lb>voluerimus, quæ talis eſt: ſuper datam li<lb></lb>neam triangulum rectum ſupremum ha<lb></lb>bentem, reſpicientémque datam lineam, <lb></lb>cuius latus vnum aſſignatæ lineæ, quæ mi<lb></lb>nor ſit prima, conſtituere, circulum deſcri<lb></lb>bemus nobis iam conceſſum, ductáque dia<lb></lb>metro ex duodecima ſexti, lineam ei ſubiun<lb></lb>gemus, ad quam diameter ſe habeat, vt pri<lb></lb>ma linea ad latus illud: erit igitur hæc li<lb></lb>nea minor diametro circuli conceſſi, quare <lb></lb>ex quadrageſimaprima collocabimus eam <lb></lb>intra circulum, complebimúſque trigonum: <lb></lb>igitur ſuper primam lineam angulum in ex<lb></lb>tremitate, angulo contento ex diametro, & <lb></lb>quarta linea æqualem per vigeſimamquin<lb></lb>tam faciemus, & lineam hanc productam <lb></lb>ex decimatertia faciemus æqualem aſſigna<lb></lb>tæ ſecundæ: quare ex ſexta, ſexti Element. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010850">completo trigono, fiet ſimilis primo & or<lb></lb>thogonius. </s> <s id="s.010851">Quo inuento, ad finem omnium <lb></lb>eorum, quæ ab Euclide ſcripta ſunt, tum ab <lb></lb>Hypſicle addita Alexandrino, abſque impe<lb></lb>dimento perueniemus. </s> <s id="s.010852">Sed hæc (vt vbi) ac <lb></lb>ſimilia, ad oſtentationem ingenij, vtilitatem <lb></lb>verò penè nullam, inuenta ſunt. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.239.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/239/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010853"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVSSEXTVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010854"><emph type="center"></emph>De Scientiis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1524"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010855"><margin.target id="marg1524"></margin.target>Circuli pro<lb></lb>prietates 12. <lb></lb>Recti & cir<lb></lb>cularis crea<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010856">AT non vocant vtilitate figu<lb></lb>rarum proprietates illæ ſexa<lb></lb>ginta, quas nunc hîc ſubiicere <lb></lb>propoſitum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010857">Fit enim cir<lb></lb>culus motu non flexilis rei ex <lb></lb>altero termino fixæ: ſicut recta motu plani <lb></lb>eodem loco conſiſtentis, vtpote rotæ ſuper <lb></lb>rem fixam. </s> <s id="s.010858">Sic enim regulæ fiunt. </s> <s id="s.010859">Fiunt & re<lb></lb>cta extentione. </s> <s id="s.010860">Manifeſtum eſt igitur ex hoc, <lb></lb>rectum arte prius eſſe circulari, circulum au<lb></lb>tem natura. </s> <s id="s.010861">Extrema verò hæc, atque ideò <lb></lb>contraria vt periferiam: & quantò minoris <lb></lb>fuerit ambitus. </s> <s id="s.010862">Omnes igitur aliæ lineæ me<lb></lb>diæ ſunt inter rectam, ac circularem, ac quaſi <lb></lb>ex his compoſitæ. </s> <s id="s.010863">Circuli igitur & rectarum <lb></lb>figurarum certa eſt ratio, aliarum in con<lb></lb>ſtans, niſi vt altera ab altera generatione <lb></lb>pendet, vt coni ſuperficies à recta, à coni au<lb></lb>tem ſuperficie paraboles. </s> <s id="s.010864">Ex ſuperficiebus <lb></lb>autem nulla præter circularem generari di<lb></lb>citur, multò minus recti linearum corporum <lb></lb>vllum. </s> <s id="s.010865">Rectilinea enim fiunt, non generan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.010866">Simpliciſſimum enim quod rotundum <lb></lb>eſt, vt inter corpora ſphæra, & inter ſuper<lb></lb>ficies circulus. </s> <s id="s.010867">Eius autem duodecim propria <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010868">In hoc igitvr primo ſecantes ſe lineæ <lb></lb>ſub eadem proportione partes conſtituunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010869">Angulúſque contentus ab illarum ſectio<lb></lb>ne, angulis in circumferentia ſuper vtroſ<lb></lb>que arcus conſtitutis pariter acceptis, eſt <pb pagenum="593" xlink:href="016/01/240.jpg"></pb>æqualis. </s> <s id="s.010870">Quadrilaterum quod illi inſcribitur, <lb></lb>duos angulos ex aduerſo collocatos, duobus <lb></lb>rectis æquales ſemper habet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010871">Duóque eiuſdem rectangula ex oppoſi<lb></lb>tis lateribus conſtantia, rectangulo diame<lb></lb>trorum quadrilateri pariter accepta ſunt <lb></lb>æqualia. </s> <s id="s.010872">Quadrilateri verò quòd circulo <lb></lb>circumſcribitur, duo latera oppoſita duobus <lb></lb>reliquis ſibi inuicem oppoſitis ſunt æqua<lb></lb>lia. </s> <s id="s.010873">Eſt verò capaciſſima figurarum pro am<lb></lb>bitus ratione. </s> <s id="s.010874">Omnéſque figuræ in eo con<lb></lb>tentæ, capaciſſimæ earum quæ ſub eiſdem <lb></lb>lateribus contineri poſſunt: figuræ verò in <lb></lb>illo æquilatere etiam ſunt æquiangulæ. </s> <s id="s.010875">Pun<lb></lb>ctum habet in medio, à quo omnes lineæ, <lb></lb>vſque ad circumferentiam ductæ, æquales <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010876">Si extra ipſum punctus figatur, lineæ <lb></lb>quotquot ad aduerſam circumferentiæ par<lb></lb>tem ducentur, ductæ in partem exteriorem <lb></lb>rectangulum efficient æquale quadrato con<lb></lb>tingentis ex eodem puncto. </s> <s id="s.010877">Quod ſi diame<lb></lb>ter producatur extrà quantumlibet, alia ve<lb></lb>rò diametro in centro ſecetur ad rectos, ex <lb></lb>huius fine diuiſa portione quarta circumfe<lb></lb>rentiæ in quotquot æquales partes, per ea<lb></lb>rum vltimam recta ducatur ad eam quæ ex<lb></lb>terius in directo diametri adiacet, erit ipſa <lb></lb>diametro adiacens æqualis omnibus rectis <lb></lb>ex diuiſionum periferiæ punctis ductis per<lb></lb>pendicularibus in ſubiectam diametrum, vſ<lb></lb>que ad aduerſam circumferentiæ partem, <lb></lb>quæ quidem lineæ omnes, vt palam eſt dia<lb></lb>metro, quæ exterius eſt productæ æquidi<lb></lb>ſtant. </s> <s id="s.010878">Quod ſi ab eadem extremitate diame<lb></lb>tros lineæ quotquot, ſeu intrà, ſeu extrà, ad <lb></lb>adiacentem quidam extrà, ad circumferen<lb></lb>tiæ verò partem alteram intrà ducantur, <lb></lb>erunt in exterioribus rectangula ex tota li<lb></lb>nea in partem intercluſam periferia circuli <lb></lb>& in interioribus ex tota in partem reliqua <lb></lb>diametro ad rectos ſtante intercluſam qua<lb></lb>drato circulo inſcripto ſemper æqualia. </s> <s id="s.010879">Quę <arrow.to.target n="marg1525"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>verò circulo, hyperboli, & defectioni com<lb></lb>munes ſunt, hæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010880">Ducta ex contingente <lb></lb>perpendicularis ſuper diametrum iacentem <lb></lb>in directo puncti, ex quo contingens ducta <lb></lb>eſt, partes diametros ſub eadem proportione <lb></lb>diuidit, ſub qua tota linea ex puncto è quo <lb></lb>contingens producta eſt ad centrum circuli <lb></lb>veniens, vſque ad alteram circumferentiæ <lb></lb>partem, ad partem exteriorem ſe habet. </s> <s id="s.010881">Se<lb></lb>midiametros quoque proportione media eſt, <lb></lb>inter eam quæ à centro ad punctum exte<lb></lb>rius, & eam quę à centro ad locum vbi cadit <lb></lb>perpendicularis ex loco contingentis ſuper <lb></lb>eandem diametrum. </s> <s id="s.010882">Cùm verò à terminis <lb></lb>diametri duæ contingentes ducuntur, ab eiſ<lb></lb>dem verò punctis per idem punctum cir<lb></lb>cumferentiæ mutuò ad alteram contingen<lb></lb>tem, erit quod ſub partibus contingentium <lb></lb>his poſtremis lineis terminatarum rectan<lb></lb>gulum continetur æquale quadrato dia<lb></lb>metri. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1526"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010883"><margin.target id="marg1525"></margin.target>Circulo, & <lb></lb>hyperboli, ac <lb></lb>defectioni <lb></lb>communes <lb></lb>proprietates.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010884"><margin.target id="marg1526"></margin.target>Corporum <lb></lb>creatio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010885">Cùm ſemicirculus fixa diametro circum<lb></lb>ducitur donec ad locum ſuum redeat, fit cor<lb></lb>pus quod Sphæra vocatur. </s> <s id="s.010886">Quòd ſi ſit por<lb></lb>tio ſemicirculo minor, fit corpus ouo ſimile, <lb></lb>quódque ouale dici poteſt. </s> <s id="s.010887">A maiore autem <lb></lb>portione factum nomen non habet. </s> <s id="s.010888">Sed ſi <lb></lb>rectangulum quadrilaterum eodem modo <lb></lb>circumducatur, fit cylindrus, quem colum<lb></lb>nam appellare licet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010889">At ſi rectangulus trigonus eodem modo <lb></lb>altero laterum rectum angulum continen<lb></lb>tium fixo, reliquo ſuper planum extenſo, fit <lb></lb>conus rectus, ſeu pyramis. </s> <s id="s.010890">Huius tres ſunt <lb></lb>ſpecies, iuxta laterum rectum angulum con<lb></lb>tinentium totidem differentias. </s> <s id="s.010891">Nam ſi la<lb></lb>tera ſint æqualia, fit rectus rectangulus co<lb></lb>nus. </s> <s id="s.010892">Si maius quod fixum eſt latus, acutus <lb></lb>rectus conus. </s> <s id="s.010893">Quòd ſi maius ſit latus quod <lb></lb>circumuoluitur, fit rectus obtuſus conus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010894">Rectum conum voco ad differentiam illo<lb></lb>rum, quorum inclinata eſt ſummitas, nec ba<lb></lb>ſis circulus eſt. </s> <s id="s.010895">Omnis igitur coni recti pri<lb></lb>mùm baſis eſt circulus, quo plano inſidet, <lb></lb>ſeu obtuſus, ſeu rectangulus ſit, ſeu acutus, <lb></lb>oxygoniuſve. </s> <s id="s.010896">Punctus autem coni ſupremus, <lb></lb>vertex dicitur. </s> <s id="s.010897">Ex vertice ad centrum baſis <lb></lb>ducta, vocatur coni axis. </s> <s id="s.010898">Quòd ſi ſuper axem <lb></lb>conus plana ſuperficie, ſeu plano (vt breuius <lb></lb>dicam) diuidatur, figura ex plano, quæ intra <lb></lb>conum continetur, ſemper eſt iſoſceles trian<lb></lb>gulus, quem axis coni ſemper per æqualia <lb></lb>in duos trigonos diuidit: quorum quilibet eſt <lb></lb>orthogonius: æquilaterus verò æqualis, & <lb></lb>æquiangulus triangulo illi à quo conus fa<lb></lb>bricatus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010899">In prima igitur figura ſit orthogonius tri<lb></lb>gonus ADC, ex cuius circumductu fiat co<lb></lb>nus rectus A B C, cuius baſis eſt circulus <lb></lb>BECF, ex illius centro D A linea, quæ fuit <lb></lb>latus fixum trigoni, vocatur axis coni, eiúſ<lb></lb>que extremitas ſuperior punctus, videlicet <lb></lb>A vocatur vertex coni. </s> <s id="s.010900">Si igitur planum di<lb></lb>uidat conum ſuper axe AD, pars plani ABC <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.240.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/240/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>intra conum contenta, erit triangulus iſoſ<lb></lb>celes A B C quem palam diuidere conum <lb></lb>per æqualia. </s> <s id="s.010901">Ipſum verò triangulum ab <lb></lb>axe coni AD, diuidi in duos triangulos or<lb></lb>thogonios A D B, & A C D, quorum qui<lb></lb>libet æqualis eſt æquilaterúſque, atque <lb></lb>æquiangulus trigono A D C primo, ex cu<lb></lb>ius circumductu factus eſt conus. </s> <s id="s.010902">Si igitur <lb></lb>latus A D, æquale ſit lateri DC, vocabitur <lb></lb>conus rectus rectangulus: & ſi A D maior <lb></lb>eſt DC, vocabitur conus acutus rectus: & <lb></lb>AD ſit minor DC, vocabitur conus rectus <lb></lb>obtuſus. </s> <s id="s.010903">Quanquam hæc diuiſio fermè ſit ſu<lb></lb>perflua: nam quæcunque dicuntur, com<lb></lb>munia erunt omni cono, dummodo re<lb></lb>ctus ſit, ſeu ſit rectangulus, ſeu acutus, ſeu <lb></lb>obtuſus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010904">Cum verò conus rectus (deinceps <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> bre<arrow.to.target n="marg1527"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uitatis cauſa conum dixiſſe ſufficiat, <expan abbr="quãdo-">quando-</expan><pb pagenum="594" xlink:href="016/01/241.jpg"></pb>quidem per conum rectum, conum ſolùm <lb></lb>intelligi volo) diuidetur plano ſuper tri<lb></lb>gonum A B C, ad perpendiculum ſtanti, <lb></lb>ita quòd tranſeat per aliquem punctum con<lb></lb>ſtitutum extra verticem, puta G, tunc vel <lb></lb>axis, ſeu dimetiens figuræ intra conum clau<lb></lb>ſæ æquidiſtabit baſi ſecans ambo latera <lb></lb>trianguli, & tunc figura illa erit neceſſariò <lb></lb>circulus, vt in prima figura circulus GH. </s> <s id="s.010905">De<lb></lb>ſcripſi autem tam baſim, quàm ſuperficiem <lb></lb>ſecantem circulos perfectos in prima figura, <lb></lb>vt illos agnoſceres. </s> <s id="s.010906">In aliis autem ſequen<lb></lb>tibus figuris circuli longiores, quàm pro <lb></lb>latitudine ſcribentur, vt conus, & ſectiones <lb></lb>ex plano ad ſolidi imaginem tranſlati me<lb></lb>liùs repræſentari poſſint. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010907"><margin.target id="marg1527"></margin.target>Creatio <lb></lb>quinque fi<lb></lb>gurarum in <lb></lb>cono.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.241.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/241/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010908">Quòd ſi planum illud per G tranſiens, & <lb></lb>ad perpendiculum ſupra triangulum ſtans <lb></lb>conum ſecans bifariam, nam hoc ſemper eſt <lb></lb>neceſſarium, ſecet, & ambo latera trigoni <lb></lb>ABC, illius autem figuræ dimetiens non <lb></lb>æquidiſtet baſi coni, ſed quaſi inclinetur, <lb></lb>fiet ſecunda figura, quæ vocatur Ellipſis. </s> <s id="s.010909">Ve<lb></lb>lut ſit conus ABCE, cuius triangulus per <lb></lb>axem ſit ABC, in coni ſuperficie & latere <lb></lb>trianguli punctus præter verticem, quem <lb></lb>ſuper G voco, ſicut & planum per G pun<lb></lb>ctum, & ad perpendiculum ſtans ſuper trian<lb></lb>gulum ABC, & conum in duas partes di<lb></lb>uidens ſemper dicatur K. </s> <s id="s.010910">Si igitur GH, quæ <lb></lb>intra conum clauditur, eſtque pars plani <lb></lb>K, habeat axem GH, vt in ſecunda figura, <lb></lb>qui ambo latera AB, & A C diuidat, nec <lb></lb>tamen æquidiſtet plano baſis BCE, ſed vel <lb></lb>ſuprà, vel infra inclinetur, fit figura vocata <lb></lb>Ellipſis, ideſt, defectio, quia non vt duæ ſe<lb></lb>quentes poteſt in infinitum extendi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010911">Si verò plano K per punctum G, ducto, <lb></lb>ſecantéque conum fiat figura, cuius axis <lb></lb>æquidiſtet tertio lateri, vocabitur figura il<lb></lb>la Parabole. </s> <s id="s.010912">Veluti is tertia figura plano K <lb></lb>diuidente conum figura incluſa in cono, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.241.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/241/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quæ eſt G H D F, habeat axem G æquidi<lb></lb>ſtantem AB, tertio lateri trigoni, tunc ve<lb></lb>cabitur figura illa Parabulæ, id eſt, è regione, <lb></lb>quia quantumcunque cum cono ipſo pro<lb></lb>ducatur, ſemper eſt è regione alterius lateris. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010913">Cùm igitur duæ præcedentes figuræ ſecent <lb></lb>ambo latera trigoni ABC, hæc & ſequens <lb></lb>non ſecant latus AB aduerſum, vt vides. </s> <s id="s.010914">Si <lb></lb>igitur planum ad perpendiculum ſtans ſuper <lb></lb>triangulum A E C, (quod ſemper intelligi <lb></lb>volo, ſicut etiam quòd tranſeat per pun<lb></lb>ctum extra verticem (non ſecuerit latus <lb></lb>illi contrapoſitum, ſecando conum, & ta<lb></lb>men illius figuræ, quæ intra conum clau<lb></lb>ditur axis, non æquidiſtet tertio lateri, ſic <lb></lb>enim eſſet Parabole, nec ſecet latus, vt di<lb></lb>xi, contrapoſitum intra conum, quia eſſet <lb></lb>Ellipſis, vt dictum eſt, ſed illud latus con<lb></lb>trapoſitum ſecet extra conum, tunc dice<lb></lb>tur Hyperbole, id eſt exceſſus: quià angu<lb></lb>lus axe figuræ, & latere trigoni conten<lb></lb>tus, in Hyperbole maior eſt, quàm in Para<lb></lb>bule. </s> <s id="s.010915">Sit igitur planum ſecans conum bi<lb></lb>fariam, & ad perpendiculum ſtans ſupra <lb></lb>trigonum A B C, & fiat figura GHF, vt <lb></lb>in quarta deſcriptione, & huius figuræ di<lb></lb>mittens GD, non ſecet latus AB, intra co<lb></lb>num, nec ab illo æquidiſtet, ſed protra<lb></lb>ctum occurrat illi extra conum in E, quòd <lb></lb>neceſſarium eſt, quandoquidem nec illi <lb></lb>æquidiſtat, nec occurrit intra conum, tunc <lb></lb>hæc figura vocabitur Hyperbole, quia an<lb></lb>gulus AGD, in ea maior eſt, quàm in Pa<lb></lb>rabole. </s> <s id="s.010916">Ex his iam patet in cono perfe<lb></lb>ctionem plani ad perpendiculum ſuper tri<lb></lb>gonum conum per axem diuidentis erecti, <lb></lb>& per datum punctum præter verticem <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.241.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/241/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tranſeuntis, quatuor fieri figuras, ſcilicet <lb></lb>circulum, Ellipſim, Parabolem, & Hyber<lb></lb>bolem, nec poſſe ex vno cono plura gene<lb></lb>ra inueniri: nam quintum habet plano <lb></lb>diuidente duos conos æquiangulos contra <lb></lb>ſe poſitos ad verticem (in quinta figura <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.241.4.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/241/4.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>exemplum habes) & tunc fiunt neceſſa<lb></lb>riò duæ hyperboles: hæ duæ ab Apol<lb></lb>lonio vocantur contrapoſitæ: vt ſi ſint <lb></lb>duo coni verticibus iuncti A B C, & <lb></lb>A D E, ſic vt lineæ B A E, & C A D, <pb pagenum="595" xlink:href="016/01/242.jpg"></pb>ſint directæ, & ſint trigoni per axem in eo<lb></lb>dem plano ABC, & ADE, & puncta præ<lb></lb>ter verticem ſignata in vno G, in altero H, <lb></lb>& planum K, per ambo puncta ad perpendi<lb></lb>culum ſuper ambos trigonos ductum, & <lb></lb>clarum eſt quòd facit duas hyperboles, quia <lb></lb>axes figurarum occurrunt extra trigonum <lb></lb>lateri oppoſito: quia tales ſunt in ambobus <lb></lb>planis, videlicet duorum triangulorum & K, <lb></lb>igitur illæ figuræ erunt ambæ hyperbo<lb></lb>les, & vocantur ab Apollonio contra<lb></lb>poſitæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010917">Ex his patet igitur, quòd omnes hæ fi<lb></lb>guræ conueniunt in hoc, quòd generantur <lb></lb>ex ſectione coni, aut conorum bifariam: per <lb></lb>planum ad perpendiculum erectum ſuper <lb></lb>ſuperficiem triangulorum, quòd non tran<lb></lb>ſeat per verticem coni: & quod latera ha<lb></lb>rum ſuperficierum ſunt lineæ obliquæ: & <lb></lb>quòd non poſſunt eſſe plures his quinque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010918">Omnibus igitur his quinque figuris com<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1528"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mune eſt, vt cùm duæ quæ illas contangant <lb></lb>rectè in vnum coierint, ducta recta linea ex <lb></lb>concurſus loco vſque ad aduerſam figuræ <lb></lb>partem, vel in contrapoſitis, vſque ad rectam <lb></lb>lineam, quæ per puncta contactus ducitur, <lb></lb>proportionem totius lineæ ad partem, quæ <lb></lb>eſt extra obliquas, eſſe velut partium in<lb></lb>tra obliquas ad lineam quæ contactus pun<lb></lb>cta iungit terminatarum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1529"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010919"><margin.target id="marg1528"></margin.target>Omnium co<lb></lb>ni quinque <lb></lb>figurarum <lb></lb>commune <lb></lb>priuilegium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010920"><margin.target id="marg1529"></margin.target>Centrum & <lb></lb>verſa in hy<lb></lb>perbolis tria <lb></lb>priuilegia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010921">Cùm igitur (vt dictum eſt) tertium la<lb></lb>tus trigoni diuidentis conum per axem coni <lb></lb>neceſſariò occurrat, deductum axi hyperbo<lb></lb>lis extra conum, pars axis hyperbolis inter <lb></lb>verticem hyperbolis, & punctum concur<lb></lb>ſus, cum latere oppoſito trianguli vocatur <lb></lb>verſa, & punctus in medio verſæ centrum <lb></lb>hyperbolis. </s> <s id="s.010922">Et habes exemplum in quarta <lb></lb>figura. </s> <s id="s.010923">Nam A vocatur verſa, & L centrum <lb></lb>hiperbolis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010924">Sunt autem hyperboli tria maximè præ<arrow.to.target n="marg1530"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cipua, quorum primum eſt, quòd in quaque <lb></lb>illius parte circumferentiæ duo puncta ſu<lb></lb>mantur, à quibus binæ, & binæ ad non tan<lb></lb>gentes rectæ lineæ deducantur mutuò inter <lb></lb>ſe æquidiſtantes, rectangula, contecta ab his <lb></lb>lineis, quæ ab imo eueniunt, atque ab his <lb></lb>quæ ab aliis punctis inuicem æqualia erunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1531"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Secundum eſt, quòd inuenire contingit duas <lb></lb>lineas in eodem plano, quarum altera erit <lb></lb>recta, reliqua latus hyperboles, quæ ſemper <lb></lb>ſibi inuicem magis approximabuntur, & <lb></lb>nunquam ſe tangent. </s> <s id="s.010925">Tertium ex ſecundo <lb></lb>pendet, quòd erit inuentu facilè, duas li<lb></lb>neas, quæ ſemper magis in eodem plano <lb></lb>approximabuntur, & quanquam etiam in <lb></lb>infinitum protraherentur, nunquam erunt <lb></lb>proximiores mille ſtadiis, gratia exempli. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010926">Demonſtrato enim ſecundo, ſi ſumatur li<lb></lb>nea æquidiſtans rectæ ex aduerſa parte mil<lb></lb>le ſtadiis, patebit quod dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.010927">Igitur <lb></lb>demonſtremus ſecundum, quod licet ab <lb></lb>Apollonio demonſtretur, volo tamen vti <lb></lb>demonſtratione Rabbi Moyſis Narbonen<lb></lb>ſis exponentis dictum Rabbi Moyſis Ægy<lb></lb>ptij, in libro cui titulus eſt, Directio dubi<lb></lb>tantium, quod erat: Quædam intelligi poſſe, <lb></lb>quæ imaginari nequeunt: vnde concludit, <lb></lb>quòd intellectus ab imaginatione differat, <lb></lb>non ſolùm ob nouitatem, ſed ob facilitatem <lb></lb>& pulchritudinem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010928"><margin.target id="marg1530"></margin.target>Hyperbolis <lb></lb>tria priuile<lb></lb>gia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010929"><margin.target id="marg1531"></margin.target>Duarum li<lb></lb>nearum, quæ <lb></lb>ſemper <expan abbr="ap-proximãtur">ap<lb></lb>proximantur</expan>, <lb></lb>& nunquam <lb></lb>coëunt & <lb></lb>demonſtra<lb></lb>tio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010930">Sit igitur conus ABCD: nunc triangu<lb></lb>lum nullum ſecantem intelligo. </s> <s id="s.010931">Sed per <lb></lb>A B D, intelligo connexam coni ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem, in qua protraho AC, à vertice, vſque <lb></lb>ad baſim. </s> <s id="s.010932">Et ſit K plana ſuperficies contan<lb></lb>gens conum in recta linea AC: quæ ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies intelligatur in infinitum cum coni ſu<lb></lb>perficie extendi. </s> <s id="s.010933">Dico primò, hanc <expan abbr="ſuperficiẽ">ſuperficiem</expan> <lb></lb>planam non poſſe tangere coni ſuperficiem <lb></lb>alibi, quàm in linea AC: quòd ſi poteſt, tan<lb></lb>gat in G, & duco circulum æquidiſtantem <lb></lb>per G baſi BCD: cùm igitur circulus ſit in <lb></lb>vna ſuperficie, erunt puncta contactus plani <lb></lb>K, & periferiæ circuli illius in vna recta linea <lb></lb>ex demonſtratis in vndecimo elementorum <lb></lb>Euclidis. </s> <s id="s.010934">Quamobrem cùm illa linea iam <lb></lb>tangat circuli periferiam in linea AC, ca<lb></lb>det ex demonſtratis ab Euclide in tertio ele<lb></lb>mentorum extra circumferentiam circuli <lb></lb>VXG, igitur non tanget illum in puncto G. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010935">Aſſumo igitur E F rectam æquidiſtantiam <lb></lb>AC, in ſuperficie K, & adeò propinquam <lb></lb>rectæ AC, vt ſuperficies H ducta ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum ſuper ſuperficiem K, ſecet co<lb></lb>num, & illius ſuperficiem in punctis, puta S <lb></lb>& G, & palam eſt ex dictis, partem ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei ex H, cono incluſam eſſe hyperbolem, <lb></lb>& lineam G S, quæ eſt in coni ſuperficie, <lb></lb>eſſe latus hyperbolis. </s> <s id="s.010936">Conſtat igitur iam <lb></lb>latus hyperbolis GS eſſe in ſuperficie eadem <lb></lb>cum linea EF, ſcilicet in ſuperficie H: & <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.242.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/242/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quòd iſtæ duæ lineæ cùm ſint in eodem pla<lb></lb>no H, nunquam ſe tangent: ſi enim ſe tan<lb></lb>gent, vel in linea AC, & ita AC, & EF <lb></lb>æquidiſtantes concurrent, quòd includit <lb></lb>contradictionem: vel extra lineam A C, <lb></lb>& ita cùm G S ſemper ſit in ſuperficie coni <lb></lb>& EF ſemper in ſuperficie K, igitur K, tange<lb></lb>ret conum extra lineam AC, cuius iam op<lb></lb>poſitum demonſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.010937">Dico modò, quòd <lb></lb>cùm EF recta, & GS latus hyperbolis ſint <lb></lb>in eadem ſuperficie H, & protractæ in infi<lb></lb>nitum nunquam conueniunt, quòd ſem<lb></lb>per vt magis à vertice coni elongantur, <pb pagenum="596" xlink:href="016/01/243.jpg"></pb>quod eò magis fiunt proximæ. </s> <s id="s.010938">Et ſufficiat <lb></lb>demonſtraſſe de vno, vtpote quòd G & M, <lb></lb>ſint propinquiores, quàm S & T: nam tunc <lb></lb>patebit quòd vbi magis procedent illæ duæ <lb></lb>lineæ, erunt eò proximiores. </s> <s id="s.010939">Capiatur igi<lb></lb>tur gratia exempli circulus PSQ, & duca<lb></lb>tur TSR, ita quòd perueniat ad oppoſitam <lb></lb>circumferentiæ partem: & ſimiliter duca<lb></lb>tur M G N in ſuperficie H, ita quòd G N, <lb></lb>perueniat ad circumferentiam circuli VGX: <lb></lb>& ducantur rectè LT, & OM in ſuperficie <lb></lb>H, quæ contangent circulos QLP, & XOV, <lb></lb>quia ducuntur ex loco contactus: & quia <lb></lb>O & M, ſunt in ſuperficie circuli OXV, <lb></lb>nam M eſt terminus lineæ NM, quæ eſt in <lb></lb>ſuperficie circuli OXV, erit linea OM, in <lb></lb>ſuperficie eiuſdem circuli, & ita LT in <lb></lb>ſuperficie circuli P L <expan abbr="q.">que</expan> Sed tales ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies æquidiſtant, quia ambæ à baſi circuli: <lb></lb>& ſunt lineæ OM & LT, in ſuperficie K, <lb></lb>ambæ: igitur æquidiſtantes. </s> <s id="s.010940">Et iam LO <lb></lb>& TM æquidiſtant, ſunt enim partes æqui<lb></lb>diſtantium, igitur LT, & OM ſunt æqua<lb></lb>les. </s> <s id="s.010941">Et cùm contangant circulos PLQ, & <lb></lb>VOX, igitur ex demonſtratis ab Euclide <lb></lb>in 3.Elementorum quadratum TL, eſt æqua<lb></lb>le ei quod fit ex TR in TS, & quadratum <lb></lb>OM eſt æquale ei quod fit ex MN in MG <lb></lb>& quadratum TL, eſt æquale quadrato <lb></lb>OM, igitur quòd fit ex TR in TS, eſt æqua<lb></lb>le ei quod fit ex MN in M G. </s> <s id="s.010942">Igitur ex de<lb></lb>monſtratis 6.Elementorum ab Euclide pro<lb></lb>portio ST ad GM, eſt vt MN ad TR. </s> <s id="s.010943">Sed <lb></lb>MN maior eſt TR, quia ſi duceretur per N, <lb></lb>ſuperficies æquidiſtans ipſum N, caderet <lb></lb>infra R, aliter occurreret K, quia diameter <lb></lb>QP, eſt minor XV, & ſuperficies circulorum <lb></lb>ſunt æquidiſtantes, igitur ST maior eſt GM. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010944">Ducuntur igitur S Y & G Z, ad perpendi<lb></lb>culum ſuper EF, & erunt anguli SYT, & <lb></lb>GZM æquales quia recti. </s> <s id="s.010945">Similiter anguli <lb></lb>STY, & GMZ æquales ſunt, quia ST, & <lb></lb>GM ſunt æquidiſtantes, ſunt enim ambæ in <lb></lb>ſuperficie eadem, quæ eſt H, & in duabus <lb></lb>ſuperficiebus æquidiſtantibus circulorum: <lb></lb>igitur ex 32. primi elementorum trigoni <lb></lb>STY, & GMZ, ſunt æqualium angulorum, <lb></lb>quare per quartam ſexti eiuſdem proportio <lb></lb>ST ad GM, vt SY ad GZ. </s> <s id="s.010946">Sed ST vt pro<lb></lb>batum eſt, maior eſt GM, igitur S Y maior <lb></lb>GZ. </s> <s id="s.010947">Sed SY eſt minima quæ poſſit duci ex <lb></lb>puncto S, ad lineam EF, quia ad perpendi<lb></lb>culum eò quòd omnis alia ducta ab eodem <lb></lb>puncto, ad lineam EF, ex quauis parte op<lb></lb>ponitur maiori angulo quàm SY: quia op<lb></lb>poneretur recto, igitur punctus G, eſt proxi<lb></lb>mior lineæ EF, quàm punctus S, <lb></lb>quòd erat demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.010948">Ple<lb></lb>rique deficiunt in hac vltima <lb></lb>parte, admittentes paralogiſ<lb></lb>mum. </s> <s id="s.010949">Feci igitur conum ex ra<lb></lb>pa, vt conſulit Rabbi Moyſes, <lb></lb>& feci ſuperficies K & H, ex pa<lb></lb>pyro, & inſcriptis lineis A C, <lb></lb>EF, SG, viſæ ſunt non concur<lb></lb>rentes, vt à latere vides. </s> <s id="s.010950">Sed eas <lb></lb>niſi ea arte inuentas difficile eſt <lb></lb>deſcribere. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.243.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/243/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.010951"><emph type="italics"></emph>Lineæ nunquam concurrentes.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1532"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010952"><margin.target id="marg1532"></margin.target>Defectionis <lb></lb>priuilegia. </s> <s id="s.010953">2.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010954">Defectionis duo ſunt priuilegia: primum <lb></lb>quòd proportio eius ad circuli ſuperficiem <lb></lb>eſt, velut rectanguli diametrorum defectio<lb></lb>nis ad rectangulum diametrorum circuli, <lb></lb>quod eſt quadratum. </s> <s id="s.010955">Secundum ex hoc du<lb></lb>cit originem, quòd proportio defectionis ad <lb></lb>defectionem eſt, velut rectangulorum ſub <lb></lb>diametris earum propriis contentorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010956">Paraboles autem priuilegia ſex propria <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010957">Primùm, ratio axis partium, in ea eſt, <arrow.to.target n="marg1533"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt deductarum ex ipſis punctis perpendicu<lb></lb>larium ad paraboles circumferentiam dupli<lb></lb>cata. </s> <s id="s.010958">Secundum, cùm fuerit ipſa perpendi<lb></lb>cularis æqualis axis parti, quæ ad verticem <lb></lb>ab extremo eiuſdem perpendicularis termi<lb></lb>nabitur, vocabitur ipſa perpendicularis la<lb></lb>tus rectum Paraboles, erítque hæc ſemper <lb></lb>talem habens proportionem ex axe ad cir<lb></lb>cumferentiam, qualis eſt perpendicularis ip<lb></lb>ſius ad partem axis, quæ ipſam perpendicu<lb></lb>larem, & verticem ſectionis interiacet: vo<lb></lb>cantur verò hæ lineæ perpendiculares ordi<lb></lb>natæ. </s> <s id="s.010959">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, quòd cuilibet <lb></lb>parti axis Paraboles, ac ſuæ perpendiculari <lb></lb>ſemper eadem linea in continua proportio<lb></lb>ne ſubtenditur. </s> <s id="s.010960">Tertium, quòd ſi in ea pun<lb></lb>ctus præter axem ſignetur, ab hoc contin<lb></lb>gens ducatur, huic verò æquidiſtantes plu<lb></lb>rimæ à circumferentia ad circumferentiam <lb></lb>ducta ex eodem puncto contactus æquidi<lb></lb>ſtans axi, omnes lineas æquidiſtantes à <lb></lb>contingenti ductas per æqualia ſecabit. </s> <s id="s.010961">Por<lb></lb>tiones quoque quomodolibet ſumptæ, æqua<lb></lb>les habentes diametros, etiam æquales ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010962">Ipſa verò ſuperficies æqualis eſt rectangu<lb></lb>lo ex tota baſi in duas è tribus axis partes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010963">Sextum, cùm tres contingentes periferiam <lb></lb>Paraboles concidunt, duas quidem extremas, <lb></lb>media ſecante, erit proportio partium trium <lb></lb>linearum vna, ſcilicet partis inferioris ad <lb></lb>ſuperiorem, & ſuperioris alterius ad infe<lb></lb>riorem, & mediæ illarum, quæ ad perife<lb></lb>riam Paraboles terminantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010964"><margin.target id="marg1533"></margin.target>Paraboles <lb></lb>priuilegia 6</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010965">Spiralis autem lineæ priuilegia ſex etiam <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.010966">Primum quidem, quòd ducta contin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1534"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gens ex fine illius occurrit perpendiculari ex <lb></lb>initio, ſemper tantum abſcindens ex contin<lb></lb>genti, vt proportionem habeat ad circuli ſub <lb></lb>eodem ordine periferiam, ſecundum ordinem <lb></lb>ſeriei numerorum. </s> <s id="s.010967">Vnde patet, quòd portio <lb></lb>primæ ſpiralis ex perpendiculari, erit æqua<lb></lb>lis periferiæ primi circuli, & portio perpen<lb></lb>dicularis ex ſecunda ſpirali dupla circuli ſe<lb></lb>cundi periferiæ, & portio ex tertia ſpirali <lb></lb>tripla circuli tertij periferiæ, atque ita dein<lb></lb>ceps. </s> <s id="s.010968">Secundum, ex quocunque puncto pri<lb></lb>mæ ſpiralis educta contingens, occurrit <lb></lb>perpendiculari ex initio eiuſdem dimetien<lb></lb>tis ductæ, tantam ex illa abſcindens par<lb></lb>tem, quanta eſt portio circumferentiæ cir<lb></lb>culi, cuius ſemidiameter eſt linea ex initio <lb></lb>lineæ ſpiralis, vſque ad punctum contin<lb></lb>gentis, clauſa inter primam lineam rectam <lb></lb>ſpiralis, quæ moueri intelligitur, & locum <lb></lb>ad quem per motum peruenerit ipſa ſpi<lb></lb>ralis è directo loci contingentis. </s> <s id="s.010969">Eſtque <lb></lb>tertium priuilegium, quòd ſpatia ſpira<lb></lb>lium ita ſe habent: primùm quidem vni<lb></lb>tatis, ſecundum ſenarij, tertium duodena<lb></lb>rij, quartum decemocto, atque ita deinceps <lb></lb>additione perpetua per ſenarium facta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010970">Quartum proportio cuiuſlibet circuli, ad <pb pagenum="597" xlink:href="016/01/244.jpg"></pb>ſpatium ſpiralis ſuæ contentum intra ean<lb></lb>dem cum recta, eſt velut quadrati ſemidia<lb></lb>metri circuli ad rectangulum ex ſemidia<lb></lb>metro circuli, in rectam præcedentis ſpira<lb></lb>lis, cum tertia parte quadrati ſemidiametri <lb></lb>circuli ambientis primam ſpiram. </s> <s id="s.010971">Quintum <lb></lb>proportio ſectoris circuli circumſcribentis <lb></lb>ſpiralem primam aliquam portionem, ad <lb></lb>ipſam portionem ſpiralem terminatam in <lb></lb>centro, & angulum habentem eundem <lb></lb>cum ſectore, eſt veluti quadrati ſemidia<lb></lb>metri eiuſdem circuli ad rectangulum ex <lb></lb>rectis ſpiralem ſectorem continentibus, ad<lb></lb>dita tertia parte quadrati differentiæ earun<lb></lb>dem linearum. </s> <s id="s.010972">Sextum, cùm ſectorem mi<lb></lb>nore circulo abſcideris, conſtantem inter <lb></lb>duos circulos quorum ſemidiametri ex cir<lb></lb>cumuolutione aliqua aucti ſint, ſpiralis quæ <lb></lb>à termino minoris ad maioris lineæ finem <lb></lb>procedit ſuperficiem diuidens, in duas par<lb></lb>tes eam diuidit, quarum proportio exterio<lb></lb>ris ad interiorem, eſt veluti ſemidiametri <lb></lb>minoris cum duplo tertiæ partis differentiæ <lb></lb>ſemidiametrorum ad ſemidiametrum mino<lb></lb>ris cum tertia parte differentiæ ipſorum <lb></lb>etiam ſemidiametrorum. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1535"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010973"><margin.target id="marg1534"></margin.target>Spiralis li<lb></lb>neæ priuile<lb></lb>gia 6.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010974"><margin.target id="marg1535"></margin.target>Rectilinea<lb></lb>rum om<lb></lb>nium figura<lb></lb>rum priuile<lb></lb>gium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010975">Omnibus figuris rectilineis hoc vnum <lb></lb>eſt commune, quod protractis ſingulis la<lb></lb>teribus exteriores omnes anguli pariter ac<lb></lb>cepti, etiamſi mille fuerint, quatuor rectis <lb></lb>angulis ſunt æquales. </s> <s id="s.010976">Hoc autem ex hoc <lb></lb>pendet, quòd omnes qui intrà continen<lb></lb>tur anguli, tot rectis æquantur, quotus eſt <lb></lb>numerus duplus laterum, ſeu angulorum, <lb></lb>quatuor demptis, quòd ex trigonorum ra<lb></lb>tione pendet, in quos figura diuiditur. <arrow.to.target n="marg1536"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Nam cuiuſlibet trigoni tres anguli pariter <lb></lb>accepti duobus rectis ſunt æquales, exterior <lb></lb>verò angulus duobus interioribus ex aduer<lb></lb>ſo poſitis pariter acceptis eſt æqualis. </s> <s id="s.010977">Area <lb></lb>etiam æqualis eſt producto ex dimidio ag<lb></lb>gregati omnium laterum, in differentiam <lb></lb>cuiuſlibet lateris, ab eodem dimidio omnia <lb></lb>ſimul multiplicando, non iungendo, vt tres <lb></lb>fiant multiplicationes. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1537"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010978"><margin.target id="marg1536"></margin.target>Trigonorum <lb></lb>priuilegia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010979"><margin.target id="marg1537"></margin.target>Quadrati <lb></lb>proprietas.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010980">Quadrati verò proprium eſt, vt latus eius <lb></lb>inter aggregatum ex ipſo dimetiente, ac <lb></lb>inter differentiam eorundem proportione <arrow.to.target n="marg1538"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>media conſiſtat. </s> <s id="s.010981">Hoc autem contingit, quia <lb></lb>dimetiens quadrati quadratum duplum effi<lb></lb>cit ipſi quadrato, cuius erat dimetiens. </s> <s id="s.010982">Æ<lb></lb>quilateri vero pentagoni, & æqui anguli <lb></lb>latus eſt maior pars lineæ diuiſæ, ſecundum <lb></lb>proportionem habentem medium, & duo <lb></lb>extrema, in comparatione ad lineam, quæ <lb></lb>duobus pentagoni eiuſdem lateribus ſubten<lb></lb>ditur. </s> <s id="s.010983">Hexagoni verò latus, qui tamen ſit <lb></lb>( vt dixi ) æquilaterus atque æquiangulus, <lb></lb>æquale eſt ſemidiametro circuli eundem he<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1539"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>xagonum circumſcribentis. </s> <s id="s.010984">Heptagoni ve<lb></lb>rò latus, & linea, quæ duobus eiuſdem la<lb></lb>teribus, ac linea, quæ tribus pariter ſubten<lb></lb>ditur conſtituunt trigonum, ſi fuerit ( vt di<lb></lb>xi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> æquilaterus ac æquiangulus, cuius pro<lb></lb>portio aggregati ex latere & ſubtenſa tri<lb></lb>bus ad ſubtenſam duobus; eſt vt ſubtenſæ <lb></lb>duobus ad latus eiuſdem, & rurſus late<lb></lb>ris, & ſubtenſæ duobus ad ſubtenſam tri<lb></lb>bus, eſt vt ſubtenſæ tribus ad lineam ſub<lb></lb>tenſam duobus eiuſdem heptagoni late<lb></lb>ribus. </s> <s id="s.010985">Hoc autem inferiùs demonſtrabitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010986"><margin.target id="marg1538"></margin.target>Pentagoni <lb></lb>æquilateri, <lb></lb>& æqui an<lb></lb>guli proprie<lb></lb>tas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010987"><margin.target id="marg1539"></margin.target>Hexagonti, <lb></lb>& heptagoni <lb></lb>conſimilis <lb></lb>proprietas.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010988">Habent & corpora, & ſuperficies planæ, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1540"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>obliquæ proprietates: velut Ambiens ſphæ<lb></lb>ram, quadrupla eſt illius maximo circulo, <lb></lb>ipſa verò ſphæra inter corpora omnium pro <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1541"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ambitus ratione capaciſſima. </s> <s id="s.010989">Continet au<lb></lb>tem, & contineri poteſt à quinque corpori<lb></lb>bus, quæ ſola poſſunt æquas habere omnes <lb></lb>ſuperficies, æquoſque ſolidos angulos, ac la<lb></lb>tera inuicem æqualia. </s> <s id="s.010990">Partium verò ſphæ<lb></lb>ræ, quæ plano ſuper axem propendiculari <lb></lb>diuiduntur, tria ſunt priuilegia. </s> <s id="s.010991">Cuiuſcun<lb></lb>que partis ſphæræ ſuperficies æqualis eſt <lb></lb>circulo, cuius ſemidiameter eſt linea à ver<lb></lb>tice portionis ſphæræ ad terminum circuli, <lb></lb>qui eſt baſis eiuſdem portionis. </s> <s id="s.010992">Ex quo pa<lb></lb>tet, quòd proportio ſuperficierum partium <lb></lb>ſphærę plano ſeparatarum, eſt veluti partium <lb></lb>diametri codem plano diuiſarum, cùm dime<lb></lb>tiens tamen ſphæræ ſuper planum perpen<lb></lb>dicularis fuerit. </s> <s id="s.010993">Proportio partium corpo<lb></lb>rearum ſphæræ, quas planum vnum diſtin<lb></lb>guit diametrum diuidens ei perpendicula<lb></lb>rem, eſt veluti corporis producti ex quadra<lb></lb>to maioris portionis axis, in lineam con<lb></lb>ſtantem ex minore portione, & dimidio <lb></lb>axis, ad corpus, conſtans ex quadrato mino<lb></lb>ris portionis in lineam conſtantem ex dimi<lb></lb>dio, & maiore axis portione. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010994"><margin.target id="marg1540"></margin.target>Sphaera pri<lb></lb>uilegia 2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.010995"><margin.target id="marg1541"></margin.target>Corporum <lb></lb>quinque <lb></lb>ſphæra con<lb></lb>tentorum <lb></lb>proprietas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010996">Partium <lb></lb>ſphæræ pri<lb></lb>uilegia 2.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.010997">Hoc autem ex iſto pendet, quòd onus ha<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1542"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bens baſim eandem cum portione ſphæræ, <lb></lb>ſi talem habeat illius altitudo, ad altitudi<lb></lb>nem portionis portionem, qualis eſt aggre<lb></lb>gati ex altitudine reſiduæ portionis, & dimi<lb></lb>dio axis ad altitudinem eiuſdem reſidui por<lb></lb>tionis, erit conus ille æqualis portionis. </s> <s id="s.010998">Ex <lb></lb>hoc patet, quòd quælibet ſphæra eſt qua<lb></lb>drupla cono, cuius baſis eſt circulus maior, <lb></lb>altitudo verò medietas diametri ſphæræ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.010999">Quilibet etiam conus æqualis eſt ſectori <lb></lb>ſphæræ ( Sectorem autem dico, corpus in <lb></lb>centrum ſphæræ terminatum, cuius baſis <lb></lb>portio eſt ſuperficiei ſphæræ: manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt etiam illud conſtare portione ſphæræ, & <lb></lb>cono baſim habente ſuperficiem planam <lb></lb>eiuſdem portionis) cùm coni altitudo fuerit <lb></lb>ſemidiameter ſphæræ, & baſis æqualis ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei ſectoris, igitur erunt baſes, & altitudi<lb></lb>nes tunc æquales. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011000"><margin.target id="marg1542"></margin.target>Coni recti <lb></lb>priuilegia <lb></lb>tria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011001">Conoidali corpore rectangulo diuiſo per <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1543"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>planum, portio, quæ ad apicem terminatur, <lb></lb>ſeſquialtera eſt coni portioni eandem baſim <lb></lb>ac axem habenti: Conoidalium rurſus <expan abbr="rectã-gulorum">rectan<lb></lb>gulorum</expan> portiones inuicem proportionem <lb></lb>retinent, ſi plano diuiſæ fuerint, quàm axis <lb></lb>partium earundem ipſius quadrata. </s> <s id="s.011002">Cùm ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1544"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rò Conoidale obtuſiangulum ſecatur plano, <lb></lb>erit proportio partis ad verticem termina<lb></lb>tæ, ad portionem coni eandem baſim, & <lb></lb>axis portionem habenti, qualis lineæ con<lb></lb>ſtantis ex axis parte conoidalis portionis <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>triplo lineæ, quæ ex centro hyperboles, ſeu <lb></lb>obliqui formæ lateris ad <expan abbr="eandẽ">eandem</expan> axis <expan abbr="portionẽ">portionem</expan> <lb></lb>cum duplo <expan abbr="eiuſdẽ">eiuſdem</expan>, quę ex centro hyperboles. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011003"><margin.target id="marg1543"></margin.target>Conoida<lb></lb>lium rectan<lb></lb>gulum pri<lb></lb>uilegia 2.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011004"><margin.target id="marg1544"></margin.target>Conoida<lb></lb>lium obtuſi<lb></lb>ſi angulorum <lb></lb>priuilegium</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011005">Sed <expan abbr="ſphæroidaliũ">ſphæroidalium</expan> priuilegia quatuor ſunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1545"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cùm enim plano diuiditur, per centrum, per <lb></lb>æqualia diuiditur, eritque quælibet portio <lb></lb>dupla cono baſim, & axem æquales portioni <lb></lb>ipſius ſphæroidis habenti. </s> <s id="s.011006">Si præter cen<lb></lb>ſphæroides ſecetur, quomodolibet proportio <pb pagenum="598" xlink:href="016/01/245.jpg"></pb>partis eius ad eorum eandem altitudinem <lb></lb>& baſim habentem, eſt velut dimidij axis <lb></lb>cum reliquæ portionis axe, ad eandem re<lb></lb>liquam axis portionem alterius partis ſphæ<lb></lb>roidis. </s> <s id="s.011007">Ex quo patet quartum, quod cùm <lb></lb>ſphæroides, & portio ſphæræ altitudinem <lb></lb>& baſim eandem, aut æquales retinuerint, <lb></lb>ipſæ inuicem erunt æquales. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1546"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011008"><margin.target id="marg1545"></margin.target>Sphæroidis <lb></lb>priuilegia <lb></lb>duo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011009"><margin.target id="marg1546"></margin.target>Cylindri pri<lb></lb>uilegia duo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011010">Inde cylindri priuilegia duo. </s> <s id="s.011011">Cylindrus <lb></lb>cono triplus eſt, altitudinem eandem ac <lb></lb>baſim habenti. </s> <s id="s.011012">Sphæræ verò, cuius diameter <lb></lb>ſit æqualis altitudini ſuæ, & maior circulus <lb></lb>baſi Cylindri ipſe cylindrus ſeſquialter erit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011013">Hæ igitur ſunt ſexaginta proprietates, nobi<lb></lb>litate, & pulchritudine, & admiratione <lb></lb>præſtantiores, Geometricarum figurarum <lb></lb>tam ſuperficialium, quàm corporearum: <lb></lb>quandoquidem non me præterit eas penè <lb></lb>eſſe infinitas, ſed cum his elegantia non <lb></lb>poſſunt conferri: vel quia nondum demon<lb></lb>ſtratio earum inuenta eſt, vel quia non ex <lb></lb>ſola nominum dignotione poſſunt intellegi, <lb></lb>vel quia ad æqualitatem non referuntur, ſed <lb></lb>quaſi vagantur. </s> <s id="s.011014">Æqualitas enim Geometræ <lb></lb>quidam eſt ſcopus. <arrow.to.target n="marg1547"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011015"><margin.target id="marg1547"></margin.target>Modi tres <lb></lb>inueniendi <lb></lb>Geometrica <lb></lb>theoremata.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011016">Quòd ſi quid aliud demonſtret, vt ma<lb></lb>ius, aut notum? </s> <s id="s.011017">maius quidem æqualis gra<lb></lb>tia, notum cognito æquale. </s> <s id="s.011018">Tripliciter licet <lb></lb>hoc aſſequi, vocaturque Argumenti con<lb></lb>cluſio, ſi directè procedat, aut per nega<lb></lb>tionem, cùm ad inconueniens reſpondens <lb></lb>deducitur. </s> <s id="s.011019">Et per continuam potentiam, ve<lb></lb>lut cùm paraboles, aut ſuperficiei ſphæræ <lb></lb>magnitudo ab Archimede demonſtratur: <lb></lb>eſtque hic modus, quo plerunque vtimur <lb></lb>in ſubtiliſſimis inuentis. </s> <s id="s.011020">Eſt verò duplex hic: <lb></lb>hic ſimplex, qui ex maioris ac minoris <expan abbr="cõſtat">conſtat</expan> <lb></lb>comparatione, vt in ſphæræ ſuperficiei ma<lb></lb>gnitudine determinanda: alter ex propor<lb></lb>tionibus, quæ fine carent, vt in area pa<lb></lb>raboles. </s> <s id="s.011021">Nihil mirum igitur Geometriam <arrow.to.target n="marg1548"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſſe omnium ſcientiarum ſubtiliſſimam: <lb></lb>quæ cùm tamen à manifeſtiſſimis initium <lb></lb>ducat, meritò anſam præbuit, vt prima <lb></lb>omnium etiam pueris doceretur. </s> <s id="s.011022">Mirum eſt <lb></lb>quàm breui ex apertiſſimis paucis axioma<lb></lb>tibus ad obſcuriſſima te trahat. </s> <s id="s.011023">Sic etiam <lb></lb>ex humillimis in altiſſima illicò aſſurgit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1549"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011024"><margin.target id="marg1548"></margin.target>Geometria <lb></lb>ſcientiarum <lb></lb>ſubtiliſſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011025"><margin.target id="marg1549"></margin.target>Reflexa pro<lb></lb>portio quia <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011026">Circa Mathematicas tamen contingunt <lb></lb>imperfectæ demonſtrationes, & quodam<lb></lb>modò paralogiſmi. </s> <s id="s.011027">Imperfectæ autem de<lb></lb>monſtrationes inueniuntur maximè in ge<lb></lb>neribus proportionum non perfectæ natu<lb></lb>ræ, qualis eſt reflexa proportio, quæ à no<lb></lb>bis inuenta eſt. </s> <s id="s.011028">Et quia ſubtiliſſimæ & ipſa <lb></lb>eſt contemplationis, & omnibus figuris <lb></lb>æquilateris, quæ circulo inſcribuntur, com<lb></lb>munis, ob id à nobis hîc erit demonſtran<lb></lb>da, tum maximè quod illius auxilio ad la<lb></lb>terum heptagoni inuentionem procedimus, <lb></lb>docemurque reſolutoria methodo vti. </s> <s id="s.011029">Ob <lb></lb>tot igitur cauſas, & tantas quamuis præ<lb></lb>ter ordinem, demonſtratio huius propor<lb></lb>tionis hic ſubiicitur. </s> <s id="s.011030">Cùm igitur fuerint tres <lb></lb>quantitates, quarum proportio aggregati <lb></lb>primæ, & ſecundæ ad tertiam fuerit, velut <lb></lb>tertiæ ad ſecundam, dicetur proportio hæc <lb></lb>reflexa: veluti in numeris capio, 9. 16. 20. <lb></lb>proportio 25. aggregati 9. & 16. ad 20. quæ <lb></lb>eſt qualis 20. ad 16. dicetur proportio re<lb></lb>flexa. </s> <s id="s.011031">Nam 9. eſt prima quantitas, 16. ſecun<lb></lb>da, 20. tertia. </s> <s id="s.011032">Quòd ſi proportio aggregati <lb></lb>primæ, & tertiæ præter hoc fuerit, qualis <lb></lb>ſecundæ ad primam, diceretur tunc reflexa <lb></lb>bis. </s> <s id="s.011033">Hæc autem in numeris exemplo decla<lb></lb>rari non poteſt, ſed ab heptagono, vt do<lb></lb>cebimus, ortum habet. </s> <s id="s.011034">Dico igitur, quod <lb></lb>ſimplex reflexa eſt inter duo latera conti<lb></lb>nentia angulum duplum in aliquo triangu<lb></lb>lo, & latus reſpiciens angulum duplum, & <lb></lb>latus reſpiciens angulum, qui eſt ſubduplus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011035">Sit igitur triangulus, ſeu triangulum (nihil <lb></lb>enim refert hæc curioſitas ) ABC, cuius B <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.245.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/245/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>angulus duplus ſit angulo A, dico propor<lb></lb>tionem aggregati ex AB, BC ad latus AC, <lb></lb>quod angulum reſpicit B duplum, eſſe quale <lb></lb>AC ad B. </s> <s id="s.011036">C quod reſpicit A ſubduplum. </s> <s id="s.011037">Nam <lb></lb>ex nona primi elementorum diuido angu<lb></lb>lum ABC per æqualia linea BD. </s> <s id="s.011038">In duobus <lb></lb>igitur triangulus ABC, & BCD angulus <lb></lb>C communis eſt, & A æqualis CBD, cum <lb></lb>vterque ſit medietas anguli B, & angulus <lb></lb>CDB ex trigeſima ſecunda primi elemento<lb></lb>rum æqualis eſt angulo B: quare duo illi <lb></lb>trianguli erunt æqualium inuicem angulo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.011039">Et ideò per quartam ſexti elementorum <lb></lb>Euclidis <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſemper intellige <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ratio A C ad <lb></lb>CB, eſt qualis CB ad CD Dupla igitur eſt <lb></lb>ratio AC ad CD, ei quæ eſt AC ad BC. </s> <s id="s.011040">At <lb></lb>quia angulus B per æqualia diuiſus eſt, erit <lb></lb>per tertiam ſexti elementorum ratio late<lb></lb>rum vt partium baſis, ſcilicet. </s> <s id="s.011041">AB ad BC, <lb></lb>qualis AD ad DC: quare ex coniuncta pro<lb></lb>portione propter decimaoctauamquinti ele<lb></lb>mentorum ratio aggregati AC, & BC ad <lb></lb>BC, vt AC ad CD. </s> <s id="s.011042">At AC ad CD dupla <lb></lb>ei quæ eſt AC ad BC, dupla igitur eſt ra<lb></lb>tio AB, & BC ad BC, ei quæ eſt A C ad <lb></lb>CB. </s> <s id="s.011043">Igitur ex definitione duplæ proportio<lb></lb>nis ratio aggregati AB & B C ad A C, vt <arrow.to.target n="marg1550"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>AC ad BC, quod demonſtrandum fuit. </s> <s id="s.011044">Sit <lb></lb>igitur figuræ cuiuſuis æquilateræ in circu<lb></lb>lo deſcriptæ, puta tredecim habentis late<lb></lb>ra, latus vnum A B, & ſit A D ſubtenſa <lb></lb>duobus lateribus eiuſdem figuræ A C & <lb></lb>CD, & producatur B D quia ergo A B <lb></lb>eſt æqualis AC, & etiam eadem ratione <lb></lb>CD, erunt ſinguli arcus AC & CD æqua<lb></lb>les A B arcui, quare totus arcus A D du<lb></lb>plus arcui A B, ex demonſtratis in tertio <lb></lb>elementorum Euclidis, & vltima ſexti <lb></lb>eiuſdem angulus A B D duplus angulo <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.245.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/245/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>A D B duplus angulo ADB: quare ex nu<lb></lb>per demonſtratis ratio aggregati laterum <lb></lb>AB, & B D ad latus AD, veluti lateris <pb pagenum="599" xlink:href="016/01/246.jpg"></pb>A D ad latus A B. </s> <s id="s.011045">Atque ita etiam ratio <lb></lb>ſubtenſæ quatuor lateribus & duobus, & <lb></lb>ſubtenſæ ſex lateribus ac tribus, tum alia<lb></lb>rum cum latere reſpiciente ſubtenſas. </s> <s id="s.011046">Mul<lb></lb>tiplex igitur ratio in figuris æquilateris cir<lb></lb>culis inſcriptis, & quæ ex his compo<lb></lb>nuntur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1551"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011047"><margin.target id="marg1550"></margin.target>Ratio gene<lb></lb>ralis <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> <lb></lb>figurarum <lb></lb>æqualia ha<lb></lb>bentium la<lb></lb>tera circulo <lb></lb>inſcripta<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011048"><margin.target id="marg1551"></margin.target>Laterum <lb></lb>heptagoni <lb></lb>ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011049">Sed nulla melius, quam heptagoni cir<lb></lb>culo inſcripti, & æquilateri. </s> <s id="s.011050">Si igitur he<lb></lb>ptagonus deſcriptus ABCDEFG, & duo<lb></lb>bus lateribus ſubtenſa AF & B F ſubtenſa <lb></lb>A B, & AF, cumque vt demonſtratum eſt, <lb></lb>angulus F B A duplus ſit angulo A F B, & <lb></lb>arcus BCDEF duplus eiſdem rationibus ar<lb></lb>cui AGF, erit angulus BAF duplus angulo <lb></lb>ABF, quare ex demonſtrata proportione <lb></lb>BA, & BF ad AF vt AF ad AB: itémque per <lb></lb><expan abbr="eandẽ">eandem</expan> AB & AF, ad BF vt BF ad AF. </s> <s id="s.011051">Refle<lb></lb>xa igitur hæc bis proportio vocabitur. </s> <s id="s.011052">Po<lb></lb>namus igitur A B nouem, poſita igitur AF <lb></lb>ſexdecim & BF viginti, ſi propoſitio viginti <lb></lb>nouem ad ſexdecim eſſet qualis ſexdecim ad <lb></lb><expan abbr="nouẽ">nouem</expan> haberemus latera trigoni ABF. </s> <s id="s.011053">Sed <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>maior ſit proportio vigintinouem ad ſexde<lb></lb>cim, quàm ſexdecim ad nouem, ponemus <lb></lb>AF ſexdecim, ac rem habebis prope A B <lb></lb>200. A F 359. BF 448. vel per Alizam <lb></lb>regulam poſita AF. 1. erit BF. </s> <s id="s.011054">R Mut. </s> <s id="s.011055">7/54 in <lb></lb>2 1/3 ( m 1/3. ex prima æſtimatione. </s> <s id="s.011056">Quibus <lb></lb>habitis, ſi ducatur ex B linea per centrum, <lb></lb>& vbi cadit in circuli periferia linea ad F <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.246.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/246/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& ad A, habebis quadrilaterum cum duo<lb></lb>bus dimetientibus, cuius duo latera, & di<lb></lb>metientium vna erit cognita. </s> <s id="s.011057">Duos inſu<lb></lb>per trigonos orthogonios, quorum baſis <lb></lb>erit diameter circuli: vnde poſita reliqua <lb></lb>dimetientium re, cùm dimetientibus re<lb></lb>ctangulum æquale ſit rectangulis duobus <lb></lb>quæ fiunt ex lateribus quadranguli inuicem <lb></lb>oppoſitis per demonſtrata à Ptolomæo, erit <lb></lb>ex his, quæ docuimus in Arte magna, <lb></lb>compoſitis minoribus capitulis ratio dia<arrow.to.target n="marg1552"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>metri circuli ad A B latus heptagoni co<lb></lb>gnita. </s> <s id="s.011058">Ex his igitur conſtat methodi reſo<lb></lb>lutoriæ, cuius toties Galenus meminit, ex<lb></lb>quiſitiſſimum, cui non par eſt in medica <lb></lb>arte exemplum. </s> <s id="s.011059">Propoſitum in circulo co<lb></lb>gnitæ diametri heptagonum deſcribere: fa<lb></lb>ctum iam ſupponamus, & ſit ſuprà deſ<lb></lb>criptus: oportet igitur ſcire, qualiter de<lb></lb>ducta diametro deducenda ſit AB. </s> <s id="s.011060">Vt ve<lb></lb>rò hoc ſciamus, ratio A B ad diametrum <lb></lb>excogitanda eſt: vt verò hæc habeatur, ra<lb></lb>tio ad A F, & F B quærenda erit: vt <lb></lb>hanc habeas, excogitata eſt rurſus angu<lb></lb>lorum proportio, quæ ſola eſt manifeſta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011061">Inde ea habita quærendum, quòd hæc <lb></lb>proportio inter latera decernat. </s> <s id="s.011062">Atque hæc <lb></lb>bis reflexa proportio dicitur. </s> <s id="s.011063">Hanc cùm <lb></lb>ex reflexis ſimplicibus conſtet, diuiſam <lb></lb>demonſtrare oportet. </s> <s id="s.011064">Atque hic eſt finis <lb></lb>reſolutoriæ methodi. </s> <s id="s.011065">Ab hoc igitur fine, <lb></lb>compoſita methodus, quam præpoſuimus <lb></lb>in laterum heptagoni demonſtratione, ini<lb></lb>tium ſumit. </s> <s id="s.011066">Sed & in his quandoque error <lb></lb>contingit, ſi quis non diligenter omninò <lb></lb>aduertat. </s> <s id="s.011067">Cuius rei exemplum eſt: ſit cir<lb></lb>culus A B C, in eo diameter B C, cui <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.246.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/246/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſupereſt ad perpendiculum D A: ex A in<lb></lb>quam videtur deduci poſſe linea aliqua ſe<lb></lb>cans BC, vt A E F, ita vt ſit CE ad EA, <lb></lb>vt AE ad EF, quia CB poteſt quantumuis <lb></lb>augeri, quod tamen fieri non poteſt: etſi <lb></lb>fieri poſſet, Aliza regula non indiguiſſe<lb></lb>mus: quia poſita BC, 10. AE puta 6. fieret <lb></lb><expan abbr="cõfeſtim">confeſtim</expan> ED cognita, ideoque & EC & EB, <lb></lb>& quia proportio C E ad E A, eſt velut <lb></lb>EF ad EB, ex demonſtratis ab Euclide in <lb></lb>3. Elementorum, fieret, vt aggregato pri<lb></lb>mæ, & quartæ quantitatis, tum tertia co<lb></lb>gnitis, vt quantitates cognoſcerentur. </s> <s id="s.011068">Igi<lb></lb>tur cubi, & alicuius numeri æqualis, de<lb></lb>cem rebus notum eſt capitulum. </s> <s id="s.011069">Diſſolu<lb></lb>tio paralogiſmi eſt, quia iam AD eſt me<lb></lb>dia inter partes C D & BD, vt notum eſt <lb></lb>per ſe, & ſemper creſcit proportio A E ad <lb></lb>EF, magis quam CE ad E A, igitur pro<lb></lb>portio CE ad E A minor eſt proportione <lb></lb>AE ad EF. </s> <s id="s.011070">Vbicunque tamen punctus aſ<lb></lb>ſumatur in circunferentia A B ſemper de<lb></lb>duci poterit, quia proportio partis CB ter<lb></lb>minatæ ad deductam ex puncto illo ad per<lb></lb>pendiculum eſt maior, quam deductæ ad <lb></lb>ad perpendiculum AD reſiduum, cui ſem<lb></lb>per eſt æquale, & prior proportio minùs <lb></lb>augetur quam poſterior, igitur quandoque <lb></lb>peruenient ad æqualitatem. </s> <s id="s.011071">In vniuerſum <lb></lb>igitur paralogiſmi fiunt, vel cum aſſumitur <lb></lb>aliquid in <expan abbr="cõſtructione">conſtructione</expan> problematis, quo <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>vtimur in demonſtratione, vel cum vtimur <lb></lb>principio non vero, ſed veriſimili, vel cum <lb></lb>aſſumimus non demonſtrata pro demonſtra<lb></lb>tis, vel pro medio, quod medium non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011072">Omnia autem hæc magis contingunt in <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.246.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/246/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>remotis à ſenſu, vt corporibus, & diuerſi <pb pagenum="600" xlink:href="016/01/247.jpg"></pb>generis quantitatibus. </s> <s id="s.011073">Indicio autem pa<lb></lb>ralogiſmi eſt falſi experimentum in conclu<lb></lb>ſione vel mediis, aut deprehenſio alicuius de<lb></lb>fectus ex his dictis. </s> <s id="s.011074">Sed maior parologiſmus <lb></lb>ac difficilior oritur in diuerſo genere: velut <lb></lb>capio circulum ABC, & ducta CDA per <lb></lb>centrum, & CE CK, CB æqualiter altera ab <lb></lb>altera diſtantibus, <expan abbr="itemq;">itemque</expan> CG ab altera parte <lb></lb>tunc anguli CBL, CKL, CEL, CAL perife<lb></lb>ria, & recta contenti ſunt acuti: quod facilè <lb></lb>demonſtratur ductis gratia exempli D E ex <lb></lb>centro, & EF contingente, tunc FED rectus <lb></lb>eſt: ſed CEL minor DEF, angulo DEC, & <lb></lb>angulo contactus FEK, igitur CEL eſt acu<lb></lb>tus: ſimiliter CAL acutus eſt, ex demonſtra<lb></lb>tis ab Euclide in 3 libro, & tamen maior <lb></lb>CEL, vt CEL maior CKL, & CKL eſt ma<lb></lb>ior CBL: quod patet, quia deficiunt omnes <lb></lb>angulis contactus, qui ſunt æquales, vt à no<lb></lb>bis demonſtratum eſt in tertio noſtrorum <lb></lb>Elementorum: & deficiunt, etiam angulo re<lb></lb>ctilineo contento à ſemidiametro, & lineis <lb></lb>CB, CK, CE, qui vt magis remouentur di<lb></lb>ctæ lineæ à linea CA, ſemper ſunt maiores: <lb></lb>ergo ex communi animi ſententia angulus <lb></lb>CBL minor eſt angulo CKL, & angulus <lb></lb>CKL angulo CEL, & CEL angulo CAL. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011075">Sed angulus CGA maior eſt recto: ducta <lb></lb>enim GH contangente, & DG ſemidiame<lb></lb>tro, fiet DGH rectus ex demonſtratis ab <lb></lb>Euclide (vt dixi) in tertio Elementorum, & <lb></lb>angulus DGC eſt maior angulo contactus, <lb></lb>vt ibi infertur pro corollario: igitur detra<lb></lb>cto ab angulo DGH recto angulo contactus <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.247.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/247/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& addito DGC, cum fiat angulus CGL <lb></lb>erit ex communi animi ſententia CGL ob<lb></lb>tuſus. </s> <s id="s.011076">Igitur linea CB tranſeunte ſenſim ex <lb></lb>B vſque ad G, anguli periferia, & recta con<lb></lb>tenti ſemper augebuntur, & ſenſim & per <lb></lb>omne genus magnitudinis vſque ad obtu<lb></lb>ſum, vt patet: & tamen nunquam fiet rectus, <lb></lb>vt demonſtratum eſt, quia in A, & ante A <lb></lb>ſemper eſt acutus, poſt A obtuſus: igitur pa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1553"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tet intentum. </s> <s id="s.011077">Maior hæc fit paralogiſmus in <lb></lb>diuerſo genere, & talis eſt. </s> <s id="s.011078">Aliqua quantitas <lb></lb>continuè augetur plus, quàm ad duplum, vel <lb></lb>ſaltem ad duplum, donec perueniat ad lon<lb></lb>gè maiorem quantitatem alia, vtpote cen<lb></lb>tuplo maiorem, & tamen antequam perue<lb></lb>niat ad illam extremam quantitatem, nun<lb></lb>quam fit æqualis, aut maior illa minore <lb></lb>quantitate. </s> <s id="s.011079">Et hoc videtur impoſſibile dua<lb></lb>bus de cauſis. </s> <s id="s.011080">Prima, quoniam oporteret, vt <lb></lb>in vltimo argumento augeretur non æquali<lb></lb>ter, id eſt ad duplum, ſed magis, quàm cen<lb></lb>tuplo. </s> <s id="s.011081">Secunda, quia cùm quantitas illa mi<lb></lb>nor non poſſet excedere minimam illam <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> <lb></lb>maiore magnitudine, quàm ipſa ſit, oportet <lb></lb>vt illa minima ad duplum creſcente tandem <lb></lb>ſuperet hanc quantitatem, & tamen non ſu<lb></lb>perat. </s> <s id="s.011082">Imò ſequitur maius miraculum, & eſt <lb></lb>quòd accipio duas quantitates, quæ parum <lb></lb>magnitudine diſtant, & tamen maiore per<lb></lb>petuò ad duplum aucta vſque infinitum, & <lb></lb>maiore ſemper diuiſa per medium in inſini<lb></lb>tum, illa minor aucta nunquam excedet ali<lb></lb>quam partem huius maioris per medium di<lb></lb>uiſæ. </s> <s id="s.011083">Oſtendo autem omnia hæc demonſtra<lb></lb>tione vna. </s> <s id="s.011084">Capio exiguum aliquem angu<lb></lb>lum, qui ſit K, rectilineum tamen, quem con<lb></lb>ſtat in infinitum per æqualia diuidi poſſe, & <lb></lb>hoc facilè fit ſemper magis producendo la<lb></lb>tera, vt acutior per diuiſionem continuam <lb></lb>fiat angulus: nam baſis eo ſemper maior fiet, <lb></lb>ideòque baſes angulorum poterunt ad ean<lb></lb>dem peruenire magnitudinem: & tunc ducta <lb></lb>linea ex loco diuiſionis baſis ad angulum, ſi <lb></lb>baſis erit per æqualia diuiſa, erit etiam an<lb></lb>gulus. </s> <s id="s.011085">Inde capio tres circulos AB, AC, AD <lb></lb>in continua proportione quacunque volue<lb></lb>ris, ſe contangentes in puncto A, & ex de<lb></lb>monſtratis in 3. Element. </s> <s id="s.011086">ab Euclide illo<lb></lb>rum centra erunt in vna diametro, quæ ſit <lb></lb>AEFG, & tunc certum eſt, quòd angulus B <lb></lb>AD eſt maior angulo BAC & CAD ſeor<lb></lb>ſum ſumpto: nam totum eſt maius ſua parte: <lb></lb>vel igitur angulus BAC eſt æqualis angulo <lb></lb>CAD, & tunc angulus BAD erit duplus an<lb></lb>gulo B A C: vel angulus B A C eſt maior <lb></lb>CAD: eritque angulus BAD plus, quam du<lb></lb>plua angulo CAD. </s> <s id="s.011087">Vel ſi ponatur angulus <lb></lb>C A D, maior angulo BAC, erit angulus <lb></lb>BAD, maior duplo anguli B A C. </s> <s id="s.011088">Conſtat <lb></lb>igitur quod neceſſarium eſt, quòd angulus <lb></lb>BAD ſit duplus, aut duplo maior altero an<lb></lb>gulorum BAC vel CAD. </s> <s id="s.011089">Sit igitur duplus <lb></lb>vel maior duplo, gratia exempli, angulo <lb></lb>BAC (nam hoc eſt verum ) tunc capio duos <lb></lb>angulos BAC & K: dico igitur quòd ſemper <lb></lb>duplicato angulo BAC, & diuiſo angulo K <lb></lb>quouſque velis, etiamſi in infinitum proce<lb></lb>das, nunquam tantùm BAC excreſcere po<lb></lb>terit, vt minimam partem anguli K vel <lb></lb>æquet, vel ſuperet, cum tamen differentia il<lb></lb>lorum angulorum minima ſit cùm iam an<lb></lb>guli ipſi minimi ſint, vtpote pars milleſima <lb></lb>K. </s> <s id="s.011090">Nam inſcriptis circulis ſemper eadem ra<lb></lb>tione continua minoribus, quam DA ſe ha<lb></lb>bet ad BA, duplicabitur interior angulus, <lb></lb>qui fiet ex circumferentiæ parte conuexa in<lb></lb>terioris cum concaua circuli AB periferiæ, <lb></lb>& hoc donec perueniat ad anguli eius ma<lb></lb>gnitudinem, qui periferia continetur duo<lb></lb>bus rectis, ſolùm eò minorem, quò ſunt duo <lb></lb>anguli contactus: augeatur enim quantum <lb></lb>libet circuli interioris paruitate, & ducatur <lb></lb>contingens A H maiorem circulum, quæ <lb></lb>etiam neceſſariò continget minorem, quia <lb></lb>vt demonſtratum eſt, diameter circuli maio<lb></lb>ris eſt idem cum diametro minoris. </s> <s id="s.011091">Si igitur <lb></lb>fingamus AH eſſe latus partis vnius anguli <lb></lb>K quantumcunque minimæ, reliquum latus <lb></lb>neceſſariò cadet infra periferiam circuli mi<lb></lb>noris, aliter inter contingentem AH, & cir<lb></lb>culum minorem recta cadere poſſet, contra <lb></lb>demonſtrata ab Euclide in 3. libro. </s> <s id="s.011092">Igitur ſi <lb></lb>recta cadit infra periferiam circuli minoris <lb></lb>fiet angulus contactus circulorum pars an<lb></lb>anguli à rectis contenti: ergo cùm pars <pb pagenum="601" xlink:href="016/01/248.jpg"></pb>minor ſit toto, erit angulus <expan abbr="contactuũ">contactuum</expan> quan<lb></lb>tumcunque magnus minor angulo rectili<lb></lb>neo quantumcunque paruo: quod erat de<lb></lb>monſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.011093">Igitur primi argumenti diſ<lb></lb>ſolutio eſſe videtur, quòd angulus ille non <lb></lb>æqualiter augetur eo motu linea CB, ſed vt <lb></lb>magis proximus fit ipſi A, eò maius fit ar<lb></lb>gumentum, ideò ſtatim tranſit ab acuto in <lb></lb>obtuſum abſque recto. </s> <s id="s.011094">Demonſtratio huius <lb></lb>eſt, quòd in proceſſu primæ medietatis ſe<lb></lb>micirculi à C vſque ad M. ſolùm acquiritur <lb></lb>angulus C M L, & in proceſſu alterius <lb></lb>medietatis ſemicirculi acquiritur angulus <lb></lb>CMA, ab M vſque ad A, ſed angulus CMA <lb></lb>eſt maior angulo C ML in angulo CM A <lb></lb>à rectis contento, qui eſt dimidium recti: <lb></lb>igitur multò magis augetur angulus recta & <lb></lb>circumferentia contentus in medietate ſemi<lb></lb>circuli MA, quam CM. </s> <s id="s.011095">Eadem ratione de <lb></lb>partibus circumferentiæ M A inuicem col<lb></lb>latis. </s> <s id="s.011096">Igitur incrementum anguli CEK, ſu<lb></lb>per CKB maius eſt incremento CKB ſuper <lb></lb>CBL: & incrementum CAE ſuper CEK, <lb></lb>maius eſt incremento CEK ſuper CKB: igi<lb></lb>tur etiam quòd linea tranſiret per omnia <lb></lb>media ex B in K, non tamen ex K in E, & <lb></lb>multò minùs ex E in A, ideóque nec ex A <lb></lb>in G Apparet igitur primi paralogiſmi diſ<lb></lb>ſolutio. </s> <s id="s.011097">Sed ſecundus non eadem ratio<lb></lb>ne diſſoluitur, verùm multi ſunt modi de<lb></lb>monſtrationum, & longè plures aſſumptio<lb></lb>num. </s> <s id="s.011098">In multis enim profuit ſcire, quòd ita <lb></lb>eſſet, vt in ſolidi cubi numeri generatio<lb></lb>ne paulò pòſt demonſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.011099">Et quod ma<lb></lb>ximum productum ex parte cuiuſlibet quan<lb></lb>titatis in reſidui quadratum eſt, cum tertia <lb></lb>pars quantitatis in reſidui quadratum duci<lb></lb>tur: hoc enim in Geometricorum elemen<lb></lb>torum duodecimo libro demonſtratur à no<lb></lb>bis. </s> <s id="s.011100">Verùm id antiqui latêre voluerunt, vt <lb></lb>magis admiratione digni viderentur. </s> <s id="s.011101">Quæ <lb></lb>enim nobis non parùm profuere, etiam illis <lb></lb>præſidio fuerunt: quandoquidem nos in plu<lb></lb>ribus principia cum tota arte inuenerimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011102">Quod etiam feciſſe Apollonium, & Archi<lb></lb>medem arbitror, non tamen Euclidem, ne<lb></lb>que Philoſophorum quenquam aliorum: <lb></lb>nam demonſtratis, ab aliis adiuti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011103">Ve<lb></lb>luti penultimam primi elementorum refe<lb></lb>runt inuentum eſſe Pythagoræ Samij, ob <lb></lb>cuius inuentionem lætatum adeò tradunt, <lb></lb>vt bouem immolauerit: quod tamen vix cre<lb></lb>di poteſt, quandoquidem ac omni cæde ani<lb></lb>malium abſtinuerit Pythagoras. </s> <s id="s.011104">Sed certum <lb></lb>eſt, ex demonſtratione Architæ Tarentini <lb></lb>illius diſcipuli de inuentione duarum linea<lb></lb>rum inter alias duas continua proportione <lb></lb>iunctarum, ante tempora Euclidis Megaren<lb></lb>ſis geometrica inuenta, & præſtantiſſima <lb></lb>floruiſſe. </s> <s id="s.011105">Neque tamen parum fuit, Eucli<lb></lb>dem in eum ordinem adeò exquiſitum cun<lb></lb>cta redegiſſe, & quæ defecerant adieciſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011106"><margin.target id="marg1552"></margin.target>Reſolutoriæ <lb></lb>methodi <lb></lb>exemplum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011107"><margin.target id="marg1553"></margin.target>Duæ quan<lb></lb>titates <expan abbr="parũ">parum</expan> <lb></lb>magnitudi<lb></lb>ne differen<lb></lb>tes, quarum <lb></lb>maiore ſem<lb></lb>per per me<lb></lb>dium diuiſa, <lb></lb>& minore <lb></lb>ſemper du<lb></lb>plicata, mi<lb></lb>nor <expan abbr="nunquã">nunquam</expan> <lb></lb>maiorem ex<lb></lb>cedere poteſt <lb></lb>aut æquare.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011108">Sed vbi finis non adeò certus eſt, diffici<lb></lb>lior profectò eſt inuenio. </s> <s id="s.011109">Quorundam qui<lb></lb>dem difficillima prorſus, veluti, quæ maxi<lb></lb>ma poſſit eſſe proportio dupli tertiæ quan<lb></lb>titatis ad aggregatum primæ & quartæ con<lb></lb>tinuæ proportionis. </s> <s id="s.011110">Nam ea conſtant in mi<lb></lb>nore proportione ſeſquiquarta, & maiore <lb></lb>ſeſquiquinta. </s> <s id="s.011111">Si enim capiamus 64. & 80. <lb></lb>& 100. & 125. duplum tertiæ quantitatis eſt <lb></lb>200. aggregatum primæ, & quartæ 189. Pro<lb></lb>portio autem 369/341 minor eſt 299/189. Eſt au<lb></lb>tem 360 duplum tertiæ quantitatis, & 341. <lb></lb>eſt aggregatum primæ & quartæ in propor<lb></lb>tione ſeſquiquinta, vt ſint quantitates ipſæ <lb></lb>125. 150. 180. 216. Hoc autem demonſtra<lb></lb>ri poteſt, ducto 360. in 189. fit 68. M 40. <lb></lb>Eſt autem hoc minùs, quàm 68. M. 200. <lb></lb>In talibus igitur inuenire demonſtratione, <lb></lb>difficillimum eſt: quantò magis vbi duarum <lb></lb>quantitatum diuerſorum generum, quæ ad <lb></lb>æqualitatem nullam perueniunt, in genere <lb></lb>perfecto fit comparatio. </s> <s id="s.011112">Nam paraboles ad <lb></lb>trigonum interiorem exquiſita eſt ratio epi<lb></lb>trita, vt ab Archimede demonſtratur, quod <lb></lb>in quinto priuilegio à nobis expoſito ſupe<lb></lb>rius continetur. </s> <s id="s.011113">Hoc igitur principium fuit, <lb></lb>quo Archimedes proportionem, & menſu<lb></lb>ram parabolis potuerit inuenire. </s> <s id="s.011114">Liquet ex <lb></lb>illius demonſtratione, quòd ſi proportio hæc <lb></lb>in abſurdam aliquam, & quæ nullo modo <lb></lb>numeris deſcribi poſſet quantitatem incidiſ<lb></lb>ſet, Archimedem illam non potuiſſe demon<lb></lb>ſtrare. </s> <s id="s.011115">Ita & ratio ſphæræ ad conum dupla <lb></lb>apud illum: & rurſus apud Euclidem cylin<lb></lb>dri ad conum tripla exquiſita. </s> <s id="s.011116">Quibus inuen<lb></lb>tis, facilè fuit etiam partium rationem inui<lb></lb>cem declaraſſe. </s> <s id="s.011117">Nam quæ inuicem non iun<lb></lb>guntur rationali proportione, medio dua<lb></lb>rum proportionem innoteſcere <expan abbr="conſueuerũt">conſueuerunt</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011118">Quamobrem quadratum circulo æquale <lb></lb>impoſſibile eſt inuenire: & qui conati ſunt, <lb></lb>non videntur demonſtrationes Archimedis, <lb></lb>aut Apollinij, aut Euclidis intellexiſſe: aut ſi <lb></lb>modò intellexerunt, non animaduerterunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011119">Nam principium omne inuentionis à com<lb></lb>poſitione fit, compoſitionem ſequitur reſo<lb></lb>lutio. </s> <s id="s.011120">At in compoſitione notus neceſſariò <lb></lb>eſt finis, ob id igitur in genere diuerſarum <lb></lb>quantitatum finem, & rationem notam eſſe <lb></lb>illarum oportet. </s> <s id="s.011121">At in circuli magnitudine, <lb></lb>ſeu ſuperficies ac quadrati ſuperficiem refe<lb></lb>ratur, ſeu periferia ad diametrum, nulla per <lb></lb>ſe nota proportio eſt: demonſtratum enim <lb></lb>eſt ab Archimede, rationem periferiæ ad <lb></lb>diametrum minorem eſſe, quàm 22. ad 7. <lb></lb>maiorem verò tripla, & 10/71. Atque id eſt di<lb></lb>cere minorem tripla, & 19/70 maiorem tri<lb></lb>pla, 10/71 ſeu inter proportionem 15/4 62/97 & <lb></lb>15/4 61/97. Sed neque in ſuperficiebus: nam po<lb></lb>ſita diametro 7. erit quadratum interius <lb></lb>circuli 24. 1/22. Sed area circuli vt ab Archi<lb></lb>mede, & nobis demonſtratum eſt, fit ex di<lb></lb>midio diametri in dimidium periferiæ, qua<lb></lb>re erit 308. 1/2. Igitur proportio qualis 77. <lb></lb>ad 49. quare vt 11. ad 7. Verùm vt dictum <lb></lb>eſt periferia eſt minor 22. quantitate non <lb></lb>ſenſili, nec rationali: quadratum autem inte<lb></lb>rius non mutatur, igitur proportio circuli ad <lb></lb>quadratum interius inſcriptum eſt minor <lb></lb>aliquantò, quàm 11. ad 7. igitur abſurda, & <lb></lb>incognita. </s> <s id="s.011122">Conati autem ſunt antiquorum <lb></lb>plurimi, & alij noſtro tempore, quorum vix <lb></lb>eſt numerum, & nomina referre, verùm res <lb></lb>quæ poſſibilis non eſt, claritatem ingenij il<lb></lb>lorum hebetiorem videri fecit. </s> <s id="s.011123">Sed ortum <lb></lb>hic conatus irritus habuit ex verbis Ariſto<lb></lb>telis malè interpretantis. </s> <s id="s.011124">Exempli loco enim <pb pagenum="602" xlink:href="016/01/249.jpg"></pb>dixit, circuli quadraturam, cùm quę ſciri poſ<lb></lb>ſunt, & nondum ſcita ſunt, refert: & ſi ſcita <lb></lb>non ſit, non obſtarem, quin ſciri non poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011125">Non tamen dixit ſciri poſſe. </s> <s id="s.011126">Dupliciter au<lb></lb>tem ſciri contingit illam: aut obſcuriore mo<lb></lb>do, quàm cùm ignota eſt: velut per elicas li<lb></lb>neas, quibus vtitur Archimedes, & æqualem <lb></lb>rectam circuli periferiæ deſcribit: aut per <lb></lb>tranſlationem, quam nemo adhuc tentare <lb></lb>auſus eſt, partim ob difficultatem, partim ob <lb></lb>demonſtrandi modum ignotum<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> alij quòd <lb></lb>confiſi ſint faciliori modo eam inuenire <lb></lb>poſſe: aliis quod ſcripta antiquorum huic <lb></lb>generi demonſtrationis neceſſaria deeſſent, <lb></lb>intacta fuit. </s> <s id="s.011127">Verùm cùm ad certam <expan abbr="notionẽ">notionem</expan> <lb></lb>non deueniat abſque demonſtrationis auxi<lb></lb>lio, non licet illam percipere ante <expan abbr="demõſtra-tionem">demonſtra<lb></lb>tionem</expan>, vt in quibuſdam arithmeticis quæ<lb></lb>ſtionibus caſu quandoque contigit. </s> <s id="s.011128">Sed de <lb></lb>his hactenus, quæ ad demonſtrandi modos <lb></lb>pertinent, in quibus maximè artis Geome<lb></lb>tricæ ſubtilitatem edocuimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011129">Hanc proximè Arithmetica ſequitur, cu<lb></lb>ius ſubtiliſſimum inuentum eſt ars, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> nos <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1554"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Magnam vocauimus, à nobis inuenta, editá<lb></lb>que, Algebraticam alij dixerunt, cuius eſt <lb></lb>multiplex vtilitas, Ingenium acuere, latera <lb></lb>quantitatum incognita inuenire, & explica<lb></lb>re: eadémque lineis iuxta geometrica inſti<lb></lb>tuta, vel planis aut ſolidis deſcribere: propo<lb></lb>ſita ſoluere problemata, <expan abbr="ænigmatáq;">ænigmatáque</expan> & malè <lb></lb>ſoluta poſſe refellere, vt lateris heptagoni <lb></lb>magnitudinem à Bouillo <lb></lb>perperam, quæſitam, & <lb></lb><expan abbr="æqualitatẽ">æqualitatem</expan> rectæ cum pe<lb></lb>riferia circuli ex <expan abbr="libramẽ-to">libramen<lb></lb>to</expan> à Nicolao Cuſa confi<lb></lb>ctam, exploſam verò iure <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.249.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/249/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>à Ioanne Monteregio. </s> <s id="s.011130">Conſtant omnia ſim<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1555"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pliciſſima figura, quæ lineas, areas, & cor<lb></lb>pora etiam oſtendit: ſed & poſt quartam ſe<lb></lb>cundi Element. </s> <s id="s.011131">Euclidis, ſex proximas ſe<lb></lb>quentes. </s> <s id="s.011132">Eſt verò & aliud ſolidi numeri cu<lb></lb>bi compoſitionis genus Arithmeticæ pro<lb></lb>prium, in quo genus reſolutionis, quod à <lb></lb>compoſitione ortum habet, fit manifeſtum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011133">Omnis enim cubus numerus componitur <lb></lb>ex quadrato ſui lateris, & duplo producti <lb></lb>ex latere in omnes antecedentes numeros <lb></lb>vſque ad vnitatem: velut capio 512. cu<lb></lb>ius latus eſt 8. dico igitur, quòd 8. ductum <lb></lb>in ſe, & fit 64: & in duplum anteceden<lb></lb>tium numerorum, qui ſunt 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. <lb></lb>& 7 ab vnitate <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt vides ) incipiendo, & <lb></lb>eſt duplum horum 56. & productum ex 8. <lb></lb>in 56. eſt 448. faciunt ipſum cubum, id <lb></lb>eſt, 411. nam 448. & 64. faciunt iuncti 512. <lb></lb>Ab initio autem videbatur hoc non poſſe <lb></lb>demonſtrari, ſed via reſolutionis demonſtra<lb></lb>uimus. </s> <s id="s.011134">Cùm enim quilibet numerus cubus <lb></lb>fiat ex quadrato lateris in latus ſuum, fiet <lb></lb>etiam ex quadrato lateris in vnitatem, & <lb></lb>eodem quadrato in latus vnitate dempta, ex <lb></lb>ſecundi Element. </s> <s id="s.011135">Euclidis primo theore<lb></lb>mate. </s> <s id="s.011136">At productum quadrati in vnitatem <lb></lb>ſemper eſt æquale quadrato, ex demon<lb></lb>ſtratis à nobis in principio ſexti operis perfe<lb></lb>cti, idque etiam ſenſu ipſo percipitur pro<lb></lb>ductum autem quadrati in latus, dempta <lb></lb>vnitate æquale producto lateris in duplum <lb></lb>aggregati omnium præcedentium numero<lb></lb>rum: itaque hoc demonſtrato patet propo<lb></lb>ſitum. </s> <s id="s.011137">Hoc autem rurſus reſolutione indi<lb></lb>get: qualis enim proportio quadrati ad du<lb></lb>plum illius aggregati, talis lateris ad ſeip<lb></lb>ſum dempta vnitate. </s> <s id="s.011138">Igitur ex demonſtra<lb></lb>tis ab Euclide in ſexto Elementorum, tan<lb></lb>tùm fit ex latere in duplum illius aggregati <lb></lb>quantum ex quadrato in latus dempta vni<lb></lb>tate. </s> <s id="s.011139">Oportet igitur rurſus illam propor<lb></lb>tionem oſtendere, atque hæc eſt demon<lb></lb>ſtratio: quia duplum illius aggregati ſem<lb></lb>per eſt æquale producto maximi numeri in <lb></lb>maiorem vnitate, velut duplum aggregati <lb></lb>numerorum vſque ad 7. eſt 56. & hic fit <lb></lb>ex 7. maximo numero in 8. qui maximum <lb></lb>numerum vnitate excedit. </s> <s id="s.011140">Igitur cùm ex la<lb></lb>tere in ſe ducto fiat quadratum ipſius lateris <lb></lb>& ex latere in ſeipſum detracta vnitate fiat <lb></lb>illud duplum, erit ex demonſtratis ab Eucli<lb></lb>de proportio quadrati lateris ad duplum il<lb></lb>lud qualis literis ad ſeipſum detracta vnita<lb></lb>te, quod aſſumpſimus, demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.011141">Eſ<lb></lb>ſet igitur iam hoc perfectè oſtenſum, niſi <lb></lb>quod nondum conſtat, quòd ex quolibet nu<lb></lb>mero in vnitate minorem, fiat duplum ag<lb></lb>gregati omnium antecedentium numero<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.011142">Hoc verò ſic demonſtratur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011143"><margin.target id="marg1554"></margin.target>Artis ma<lb></lb>gnæ quintu<lb></lb>plex vſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011144"><margin.target id="marg1555"></margin.target>Cubi numeri <lb></lb>pulchra <lb></lb>compoſitio, <lb></lb>& exem<lb></lb>plum aliud <lb></lb>reſolutoriæ <lb></lb>methodi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011145">Quilibet autem duo numeri, æqualiter <lb></lb>à medio diſtantes iuncti, duplum medij nu<lb></lb>meri efficiunt, igitur omnes numeri ab vni<lb></lb>tate iuncti ſeriatim, tantum efficiunt, quan<lb></lb>tum ſi medius numerus pro numero illorum <lb></lb>terminorum aſſumeretur. </s> <s id="s.011146">Sed maximus nu<lb></lb>merus continet ad vnguem ordinem illo<lb></lb>rum, igitur omnes numeri ſeriatim ab vni<lb></lb>tate ſumpti: tantum iuncti faciunt, quan<lb></lb>tum medius illorum productus in maiorem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011147">Igitur duplum aggregati talium numero<lb></lb>rum, eſt æquale duplo producti medij in <lb></lb>maximum illorum. </s> <s id="s.011148">Sed numerus maximo <lb></lb>vnitate maior, duplus eſt medio, igitur ex <lb></lb>numero maximo in vnitate maiorem du<lb></lb>plum fit aggregari omnium numerorum ab <lb></lb>vnitate ad maximum numerum. </s> <s id="s.011149">Eſt & me<lb></lb>dius quidam compoſitionis modus. </s> <s id="s.011150">Sed in <lb></lb>iam declarato, licet per compoſitionem re<lb></lb>ſoluta colligere, atque ſic demonſtrationem <lb></lb>theorematis afferre. </s> <s id="s.011151">Laudabimus & quæ<lb></lb>dam ſingularia inuenta, vt Michaëlis Sti<lb></lb>phelij laterum inuentionem, tranſlatam à <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1556"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nobis in primum Operis perfecti librum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011152"><margin.target id="marg1556"></margin.target>Michaëlis <lb></lb>Stiphelij in<lb></lb>uentum in <lb></lb>Arithmeti<lb></lb>ca. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011153">Muſica ſub<lb></lb>tilitatis in<lb></lb>uentum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011154">Succedunt his muſica inuenta, triplicis <lb></lb>olim ordinis diateſſaron, è quibus ſolùm <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan> <lb></lb>nunc diatonicum cognitum eſt, reliquos or<lb></lb>dines ſeu incuria, ſeu difficultate amiſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011155">Nunc verò breuiſſimè illorum reſtitutionem <lb></lb>per nos factam atque in primo, & ſecundo <lb></lb>muſicæ tractatam doceamus. </s> <s id="s.011156">Chromaticum <lb></lb>fit per fictam muſicam, vbi non ſolùm in b <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1557"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>f a b mi, ſed & e la mi, & a la mi re hemi<lb></lb>tonium inducitur, vt in cheli propriè, ſed & <lb></lb>organa eius rationis muſicæ ſunt capacia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011157">Dulciſſimus videtur hic modus diatonici ge<lb></lb>neris comparatione, ob frequentia hemito<lb></lb>nia: parua enim interualla, & notæ propor<lb></lb>tiones, vocum ſuauitatem afferunt. </s> <s id="s.011158">Innititur <lb></lb>autem Chromaticum genus hemitonio, to-<pb pagenum="603" xlink:href="016/01/250.jpg"></pb>no, & trishemitonio, ditonum fugiens. </s> <s id="s.011159">At <lb></lb>hæc parua ſunt interualla, ſed minora ſunt <lb></lb>Enarmonici dieſibus diſtincta, & ob id dul<lb></lb>cior chromatico harmonia. </s> <s id="s.011160">Vt verò exem<lb></lb>plum eius habeas in elymis, vt in quinto <lb></lb>muſicæ docuimus, tremula vox parum aper<lb></lb>to foramine, hemitoniorum, minimè autem <lb></lb>tonorum dieſim efficit: quæ perpetuò fu<lb></lb>giens in ſingulis vocibus incredibilem affert <lb></lb>ſuauitatem. </s> <s id="s.011161">Aliud in cheli ( poſtquam Or<lb></lb>gana huius non ſunt capacia ) ſumamus, <lb></lb>exemplum. </s> <s id="s.011162">Scis interualla in cheli hemito<lb></lb>nio ſingula diſtingui: ſentis tremulas voces, <lb></lb>quæ dimidium tantùm vocis interualli ſupe<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.250.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/250/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>rant, atque ideò dieſim quantam dulcedinem <lb></lb>retineant: finge modò ſingulis currentis ma<lb></lb>nus ictibus tremulas voces interſeri, & cogi<lb></lb>ta, quàm incredibilem harmoniam ſis audi<lb></lb>turus. </s> <s id="s.011163">Sed in cheli vnus non poterit ſe ex<lb></lb>plicare. </s> <s id="s.011164">Commodior lyra eſt, quia etiam ma<lb></lb>gis retinet voces. </s> <s id="s.011165">Sed antiqui inſtrumenta <lb></lb>ad hoc apta conficiebant, inter quorum <lb></lb>chordas interualla dieſum erant conſtituta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011166">Extremæ verò eiſdem locis, quæ conſonan<lb></lb>tiam efficiunt, neceſſariò in omni diateſſaro <lb></lb>reponuntur. </s> <s id="s.011167">Verùm in Diatonico duos ad<lb></lb>didimus neruos, alterum ſub imo, reliquum <lb></lb>ſupra ſupremum, vt humitoniorum ratio <lb></lb>conſtaret. </s> <s id="s.011168">Nuper Nicolaus Vincentius Mo<lb></lb>nochordium conſtruxit per dieſes diuiſum, <lb></lb>vt tonos ſingulos in quinque ſemitonia mi<lb></lb>nora in duo diuideret. </s> <s id="s.011169">Sunt autem in com<lb></lb>muni inſtrumento claui triginta candidi, to<lb></lb>ni ergo viginti, & vnus: ſemitonia 8. minora <lb></lb>in inferiore ordine. </s> <s id="s.011170">In ſuperiore nigri claui, <lb></lb>viginti, ſemitonia autem 49. Ergo Chroma<lb></lb>ticum hoc habet claues quinquaginta, in<lb></lb>terualla quadraginta nouem. </s> <s id="s.011171">Semitonia ma<lb></lb>iora viginti, minora viginti octo, tonos vi<lb></lb>ginti vnum. </s> <s id="s.011172">Exiſtimat ergo in quatuor illis <lb></lb>ordinibus, quorum duo ſunt ſuperiores, duo <lb></lb>candidorum clauorum, totidem nigrorum, <lb></lb>diuiſis minoribus tonis in duas dieſes, vt <lb></lb>fiant quinquaginta ſex: maioribus in tres, <lb></lb>vt fiant ſexaginta: vt ſint omnes centum ac <lb></lb>ſexdecim, claui verò centum ac decem & <lb></lb>ſeptem, inde pro indiuiſo (de quo dixi) tono <lb></lb>dieſes quinque totidémque claui conſtare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011173">Enarmonicum monochordium vocibus cen<lb></lb>tum ac viginti vna, clauis autem vno plus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011174">Certè ad commodum non inutilis ratio, ſed <lb></lb>non omninò exquiſita. </s> <s id="s.011175">Lucretia quoque <lb></lb>Todeſcha Bononienſis puella, in cheli addi<lb></lb>dit ſex chordas, vt eſſent decem & ſeptem <lb></lb>ternæ in ſuperioribus quinque ordinibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011176">Nete autem, quæ ſingularis eſſet geminata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011177">Quæ Hypates obtinuit locum duas ſuperio<lb></lb>res habuit vniſonas, tertiam diapaſon inter<lb></lb>uallo: quatuor medij ordines vniſonum <lb></lb>trium fidium concentum retinuerunt. </s> <s id="s.011178">Du<lb></lb>plex habet incommodum hæc conſtructio: <lb></lb>ſpaciorum anguſtiam, vt niſi digiti ſint gra<lb></lb>ciles admodum longi chorauléſque <expan abbr="præſtãs">præſtans</expan>, <lb></lb>qualis illa erat, quæ cum decimum <expan abbr="ſeptimũ">ſeptimum</expan> <lb></lb>ageret annum, nemini poſt haberi poſſet <lb></lb>difficultatem, & confuſionem non leuem ſit <lb></lb>paritura: tantúſque numerus fidium è neruis <lb></lb>vix poſſit in certa contentione diu manere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011179">Cæterùm illi difficultas addidit decorem: & <lb></lb>ob artis præſtantiam, ſuauitatem mirabilem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011180">Cùm verò duo ſint extrema, & <expan abbr="mediũ">medium</expan>, quod <lb></lb>vocant Tenorem, in diuerſis vocibus (nam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1558"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ de diateſſaro dicta ſunt, ad <expan abbr="vnã">vnam</expan> tantùm <lb></lb>referuntur) vox quarta Altus adiecta eſt, quę <lb></lb>quòd vacua repleat, cæteris ſuauitate præ<lb></lb>ſtat: cùm enim rei iam perfectæ aliquid addi<lb></lb>tur artificiosè, ad ornatum plurimùm con<lb></lb>ducere ſolet. </s> <s id="s.011181">Ob id omnibus vocibus hæc mi<lb></lb>ra arte conuenit. </s> <s id="s.011182">Obſeruat hæc vnicè graui<lb></lb>tonam, contra quam ſæpè in ſupremum ſe <lb></lb>attollit: modò quaſi in grauitonam mutata, <lb></lb>in profundum ſe mergit, ſublimiorem har<lb></lb>moniæ totius vocem contrario motu obſer<lb></lb>uans. </s> <s id="s.011183">Plerunque circa mediam ſpatia com<lb></lb>plendo ludit. </s> <s id="s.011184">Quo fit vt cùm nobiliſſima ſit, <lb></lb>præclaram etiam exigat cantatoris naturam, <lb></lb>& ingenium: quibus fit deſtituatur, nulla <lb></lb>prorſus euadit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011185"><margin.target id="marg1557"></margin.target>Chromatici <lb></lb>Enarmonici <lb></lb>Diateſſari <lb></lb>inuentio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011186"><margin.target id="marg1558"></margin.target>Altus vox <lb></lb>nobiliſſima.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011187">Porrò facilis eſt notarum cantus: notas <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1559"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocamus, Vt, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La: ſed <lb></lb>proferre verba, difficilius. </s> <s id="s.011188">Ideò cùm notas <lb></lb>prius diſcant pueri, ad verba ſæpè cum dif<lb></lb>ficultate non leui transferuntur. </s> <s id="s.011189">Fit autem <lb></lb>hæc tranſlatio tribus modis. </s> <s id="s.011190">Primus eſt, vt <lb></lb>quia diapente, diapaſon, diateſſaron, & <lb></lb>cæteras medias conſonantias, itémque ſe<lb></lb>ptimam, & nonam, & ſecundam aure diſ<lb></lb>cat, & proferre voce, atque ita ſub illa <expan abbr="vocũ">vocum</expan> <lb></lb>magnitudine verba ac ſyllabas potiùs pro<lb></lb>ferat, quod arduum ſanè eſt, quoniam ſex<lb></lb>ta, & tertia duplices ſunt, nec licet eas <lb></lb>proferre ſine imaginatione notarum atque <lb></lb>ita ſi alteram pro altera ſuppoſueris, ſemito<lb></lb>nio diſcordabis à reliquis vocibus. </s> <s id="s.011191">Secundus <lb></lb>modus eſt, vt mente concipias quocunque <lb></lb>ſpatio ac linea, quæ vox & quanta eſſe <pb pagenum="604" xlink:href="016/01/251.jpg"></pb>debeat, atque ita ſyllabas ſub loci voce pro<lb></lb>feras. </s> <s id="s.011192">Hæ modus melior eſt primo: ſed cùm <lb></lb>occurrerint dieſes, & ſemitonia toníve ficti, <lb></lb>non ſatis faciet, ægréque proferentur. </s> <s id="s.011193">Ter<lb></lb>tius omnium optimus eſt, vt imaginatione, <lb></lb>& voce quidem notas, & vocum magnitu<lb></lb>dinem retineas, lingua verò ſyllabam ſubie<lb></lb>ctam proferas: atque hic vt eſt optimus, ita <lb></lb>difficillimus. </s> <s id="s.011194">Igitur tribus modis rurſus <lb></lb>hunc aſſequemur: vel longa conſuetudine, <lb></lb>vtſenſim dimiſſa nota, proferas ſyllabam in <lb></lb>notis, primò longioris moræ, & vniſonis: <lb></lb>deinde ſenſim aſcendentibus ac deſcenden<lb></lb>tibus, mox in diapaſon, & diapente, & <lb></lb>diateſſaron. </s> <s id="s.011195"><expan abbr="Itẽ">Item</expan> in conſonantiis, quas vocant <lb></lb>cadentias, demùm in aliis vocibus, pòſt ad <lb></lb>notas breuis moræ te transferas. </s> <s id="s.011196">Alter mo<lb></lb>dus eſt, vt linguam immobilem retinere <lb></lb>condiſcas, atque ita vocem ſine notis acſyl<lb></lb>labis proferas. </s> <s id="s.011197">Pòſt ſub vna tantùm ſyllaba <lb></lb>ſemper, vt ſub A, vel E. </s> <s id="s.011198">Vltimò ad ſyllabas <lb></lb>proferendas accedas. </s> <s id="s.011199">Hic modus varietatem <lb></lb>ex modo proferendi ſuſcipit, vt primus ex <lb></lb>re ipſa ſeu cantu. </s> <s id="s.011200">Tertius, qui meo iudi<lb></lb>cio melior eſt, fit alterius auxilio, qui no<lb></lb>tas proferat te ſyllabas canente: ſic enim <lb></lb>& temporis, & vocis magnitudo ſeruabitur, <lb></lb>& tu ſenſim te transferes conſuetudine ad <lb></lb>id, quod eſt difficillimum. </s> <s id="s.011201">Erat & aliud <lb></lb>in diſcendo compendium, vt ſine manu <lb></lb>optimè, quis diſcat. </s> <s id="s.011202">Hoc autem contin<lb></lb>get, ſi diſcipulum docueris diapaſon vnius <lb></lb>omnes voces, nam reliquæ omnes eiſdem <lb></lb>ordinibus recurrunt, atque ita mutationes <lb></lb>pro vocatis clauibus, quæ ſemper tribus in <lb></lb>locis habentur ob ſemitonia. </s> <s id="s.011203">Nam claues <lb></lb>mutata fermè ratione ita ſibi comparantur, <lb></lb>vt in duas omnes ob ſimilitudinem redigan<lb></lb>tur, cùm ſex videantur: tres quidem voca<lb></lb>ti B, mollis, totidem ſine illo: has ſi ob<lb></lb>ſeruaueris diligenter, in duas tantùm redu<lb></lb>ces, non ſolùm mirabili, & compendioſa <lb></lb>ratione, ſed etiam admodum facili: verùm <lb></lb>de his diffusè in Muſicis ( vt dixi ) tracta<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011204"><margin.target id="marg1559"></margin.target>Canendi <lb></lb>præcepta.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011205">Poſt has Optica eſt diſciplina, cuius <lb></lb>ſubtiliſſimum inuentum eſt horologiorum, <lb></lb>quæ vmbris horas edocent, eam traduxit, vt <lb></lb>multa alia Vitruuius in opus ſuum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011206">Verùm hæc ſcientia optica media vide<lb></lb>tur inter Mathematicas, & pulcherrimam <lb></lb>naturalium rerum ſcientiam, quam voca<lb></lb>mus Philoſophiam, cuius ambitus latiſſimè <lb></lb>patet. </s> <s id="s.011207">Scripſimus de dignioribus illius <lb></lb>partibus in libris de Æternitatis Arca<lb></lb>nis, animi immortalitate, rerúmque va<lb></lb>rietate. </s> <s id="s.011208">Verùm nobiliſſima pars eſt illius, <lb></lb>quæ temporum naturam præcognoſcere do<lb></lb>cet, & aëris temperiem: vtilis nanque agri<lb></lb>colis, nautis, mercatoribus, imperatori<lb></lb>búſque, denique omni humano generi tum <lb></lb>iucunda, tum ſalutaris. </s> <s id="s.011209">Aëris igitur con<lb></lb>ſtitutiones duabus conſtant differentiis, <lb></lb>quarum altera in frigido, & calido, reliqua <lb></lb>verò circa humidum, & ſiccum verſatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011210">Hoc in genere quinque ſunt ſpecies: Sere<lb></lb>num, quòd & tranquillum ſit: ventoſum, <lb></lb>nubes, imbres, grando, ſeu horrida tempe<lb></lb>ſtas. </s> <s id="s.011211">Niues imbrium loco habentur, cùm <lb></lb>hyems fuerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011212">Ventorum ſigna ex naturalibus decretis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1560"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ita habentur: Tuber quidam Lunæ iunctus, <lb></lb>quem ego cùm vidiſſem, ſtatim ſubſecutus <lb></lb>eſt ventus validiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.011213">Nubecula circa <lb></lb>aſinorum alterum ex eadem parte futuros <lb></lb>prænuntiat ventos. </s> <s id="s.011214">Rubeæ nubes toto cœ<lb></lb>lo ſparſæ, aut rubra Luna, item Solis oc<lb></lb>caſus inter nubes rubeas, nubes volitantes: <lb></lb>nolarum ſonus, qui modò optimè auditur, <lb></lb>modò vix percipitur: vexilla in turrium <lb></lb>culminibus poſita cùm mouentur: areæ cir<lb></lb>ca Lunam, quæ repentè diſſoluuntur, ventos <lb></lb>ex qua parte orientur oſtendunt. </s> <s id="s.011215">At verò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1561"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Luna pura dum occidit, aut oritur, aſtráque <lb></lb>tum Sol candidus ac purus occidens, aut ſi <lb></lb>Sol paucis cum nubibus cadat, & corui ve<lb></lb>lut lætitia gregatim crocitantes, aſſiduéque <lb></lb>obſtrepens noctua noctu, ſerenitatem nun<lb></lb>tiant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011216"><margin.target id="marg1560"></margin.target>Ventorum <lb></lb>ſigna.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011217"><margin.target id="marg1561"></margin.target>Serenitatis <lb></lb>iudicia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011218">Tempeſtatum ſigna melius, quàm <lb></lb>Poëta tuus explicare me poſſe non con<lb></lb>fido, tametſi mihi libera ſit oratio, Vir<lb></lb>gilij verò numeris veluti compedibus con<lb></lb>tineatur. </s> <s id="s.011219">Primo igitur Georgicorum ſic in<lb></lb>quit: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>At Boreæ de parte trucis cùm fulminat, & cùm <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1562"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Eurique, Zephyrique tonat domus, omnia plenis <lb></lb>Rura natant foſſis, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> omnis nauitaponto <lb></lb>Humida vela legit. </s> <s id="s.011220">Nunquam imprudentibus imber <lb></lb>Obfuit, aut illum ſurgentem vallibus imis <lb></lb>Aëuiæ fugêre grues: aut bucula cœlum <lb></lb>Suſpiciens, patulis captauit naribus auras: <lb></lb>Autarguta lacus circumuolitauit hirundo: <lb></lb>Et veterem in limo ranæ cecinêre querelam: <lb></lb>Sæpiùs & tectis penetralibus extulit oua, <lb></lb>Anguſtum formica terens iter: & bibit ingens <lb></lb>Arcus: & è paſtu decedens agmine magno. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011221">Coruorum increpuit denſis exercitus alis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011222">Iam varias pelagi volucres, & quæ Aſia circùm <lb></lb>Dulcibus in ſtagnis rimantur prata Cayſtri, <lb></lb>Certatim largos humeris infundere rores: <lb></lb>Nunc caput obiectare fretis, nunc currere in vno <lb></lb>Et ſtudio in caſum videas geſtire leuandi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011223"><expan abbr="Tũ">Tum</expan> cornix plena <expan abbr="pluuiã">pluuiam</expan> vocat improba voce, <lb></lb>Et ſola in ſicca ſecum ſpatiatur arena. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011224">Ne nocturna quidem carpentes penſa puellæ <lb></lb>Neſciuêre hyemem, teſta cum ardente viderent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011225">Scintillare <expan abbr="oleũ">oleum</expan>, & putres <expan abbr="cõcreſcere">concreſcere</expan> fungos.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011226"><margin.target id="marg1562"></margin.target><expan abbr="Tempeſtatũ">Tempeſtatum</expan> <lb></lb>præſagium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011227">Illud etiam certo ſigno adiecit, quod ob<lb></lb>ſeruatione dignum eſt? <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Si nigrum obſcuro <expan abbr="cõprehenderit">comprehenderit</expan> aëra cornu.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011228"><emph type="center"></emph>Tum illa à Sole:<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ille vbi naſcentem maculis variauertit <expan abbr="ortũ">ortum</expan> <lb></lb>Conditus in nubem, <expan abbr="medióq;">medióque</expan> refugerit orbe, <lb></lb>Suſpecti tibi ſint imbres: <expan abbr="nãq;">nanque</expan> vrget ab alto, <lb></lb>Arboribúſque ſatiſque Notus, pecorique ſiniſter. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011229">Aut vbi ſub lucem denſa inter nubila ſeſe <lb></lb>Diuerſi <expan abbr="erũpent">erumpent</expan> radij: aut vbi pallida ſurgit <lb></lb>Tithoni croceum linquens aurora cubile: <lb></lb>Heumalè <expan abbr="tũmites">tummites</expan> <expan abbr="defẽdet">defendet</expan> pampinus vuas: <pb pagenum="605" xlink:href="016/01/252.jpg"></pb>Tam multa in tectis crepitans ſalit horrida grando. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011230">Hoc etiam, emenſo cùm iam decedet Olympo, <lb></lb>Profuerit meminiſſe magis: nam ſæpè videmus <lb></lb>Ipſius in vultu varios errare colores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011231">Cæruleus pluuiam denuntiat, igneus Euros. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011232">Sin maculæ incipient rutilo immiſcerier igni, <lb></lb>Omnia tunc pariter vento, nimbiſque videbis <lb></lb>Feruere: non illa quiſquam me nocte per altum <lb></lb>Ire, neque à terra moneat conuellere funem.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011233">Areæ etiam plures, aut validis coloribus: <lb></lb>boues lingunt vngulas mugientes, & ad <lb></lb>cubilia redent, gallinæ puluere ſe opplen<lb></lb>tes, mures ſtridentes, feles etiam caput ma<lb></lb>nibus lauantes, imbrem prænuntiant. </s> <s id="s.011234">Sen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1563"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tit mirum in modum procellas trifolium <lb></lb>aduenientes, cogitque ſe, contrahit ac <lb></lb>criſpat. </s> <s id="s.011235">Humidiſſimum enim cùm ſit, & <lb></lb>neruoſum, frigore, & aëris craſſitie contra<lb></lb>hitur, ſolitum iam ſe mutare, ac modò <lb></lb>aſtringere, modò dilatare. </s> <s id="s.011236">Itaque nec in om<lb></lb>nibus illius ſpeciebus forſan id continget: <lb></lb>nec multò minùs in omnibus aut ſemper <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1564"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>erit manifeſtum. </s> <s id="s.011237">Omnium conſtans latitudo <lb></lb>quædam exigitur. </s> <s id="s.011238">Minora ſigna etiam, cùm <lb></lb>abſunt venti, nubes, & diem caliginoſam <lb></lb>oſtendunt. </s> <s id="s.011239">Venti validi cum pluuiis, grandi<lb></lb>nes, pluuia enim abſque ventis pura eſt. </s> <s id="s.011240">Prui<lb></lb>na lædet vites, & arbores, penuriámque vini <lb></lb>indicet, quoties arboribus germina iam mit<lb></lb>tentibus (id in noſtris regionibus contingit, <lb></lb>Martio, Aprili, initióque Maij) frigido ac ſe<lb></lb>reno tempore plenilunium incidat, aut ſal<lb></lb>tem ſi lumine Luna plena fuerit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1565"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011241"><margin.target id="marg1563"></margin.target>Trifolium <lb></lb>cur criſpetur <lb></lb>ſub <expan abbr="procella-rũ">procella<lb></lb>rum</expan> aduentu,</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011242"><margin.target id="marg1564"></margin.target>Nubilioſi <expan abbr="tẽporis">tem<lb></lb>poris</expan> ſigna. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011243">Grandinis <lb></lb>indicia <lb></lb>Pruinæ indi<lb></lb>cia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011244"><margin.target id="marg1565"></margin.target>Ventorum <lb></lb>vires.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011245">Quæ verò fiunt ventorum ira, admiratio<lb></lb>nem pariunt. </s> <s id="s.011246">Sæuiunt enim hi iugis mon<lb></lb>tium, adeò vt dum Apenninum tranſirem, <lb></lb>ventus pileum ſuſtulerit, ac velut ſagittam <lb></lb>è ſcorpione emiſſam deferret cum impetu, <lb></lb>parúmque abfuerit, ne portenti vice decide<lb></lb>ret cum pluuia in proximas villas. </s> <s id="s.011247">Tranſtu<lb></lb>lit & equum, cui inſidebam per duos paſ<lb></lb>ſus, vt fermè præcipitarer. </s> <s id="s.011248">Quare ne fabu<lb></lb>loſum fuiſſe putem, quod à Pogio recitatur, <lb></lb>adducor. </s> <s id="s.011249">Recitat ille, ventis cohortis di<lb></lb>rutum oppidum, quod Borgetum vocatur, <lb></lb>ſex M. paſſuum à Roma diſtantem, & ædem <lb></lb>diuæ Ruſinæ, tranſlatámque cauponam in<arrow.to.target n="marg1566"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tegram. </s> <s id="s.011250">Ergo neque mirum pluere ranas, <lb></lb>piſciculos, lapides: nam ranæ ac piſces è <lb></lb>montium iugis venti impetu transferuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011251">Transfertur & puluis, qui ventorum co<lb></lb>gitur in lapides. </s> <s id="s.011252">Indicio eſt non procul à <lb></lb>montibus illos cadere, ſed vt olim in Al<lb></lb>bano monte, atque in vallibus è proximis, <lb></lb>altioribúſque montium cacuminibus. </s> <s id="s.011253">Re<lb></lb>fert Georgius Agricola, Chepnicij luteam <lb></lb>terram cum aqua pluiſſe. </s> <s id="s.011254">Et in Sueuia, an<lb></lb>no 1534. aër inficiebat veſtes cruce rubra: <lb></lb>id contingit puluere cum imbribus delato, <lb></lb>forma verò crucis ob fila, quæ crucis for<lb></lb>mam, dum texuntur, referunt, apparuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011255">Transferuntur & oua paruorum animalium, <lb></lb>vt etiam ranarum, & piſcium quæ inter <lb></lb>turbines ventorum, & imbrium procellas <lb></lb>emittunt animalia, quæ pluere videntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011256">Indicio tum eſt potiùs hæc contingere ob <lb></lb>putredinem, & cum generatione, quàm <lb></lb>quod transferantur: quoniam iuxta fodinas, <lb></lb>& vbi bitumen abundat magis hæc fiunt, <lb></lb>quàm alibi. </s> <s id="s.011257">Et frequentiùs pluant animalia, <lb></lb>quàm triticum, & reliqua cerealia, quæ ta<lb></lb>men faciliùs transferri poſſent ipſis anima<lb></lb>libus. </s> <s id="s.011258">Illud tamen mirabile eſt, quod Olaus <lb></lb>Magnus refert, de lemmare, vel lemmo, id <lb></lb>eſt, murium genus, quod in Septentrione de<lb></lb>cidit tanta copia è nubibus, vt omnia vi<lb></lb>rentia locuſtarum more abſumat: hócque <lb></lb>Pontici mures veſcuntur: & (de quo alibi di<lb></lb>ctum eſt) ſi verum eſt, ſtatim vbi deciderit in <lb></lb>ventriculo diſſectum virentem herbam <expan abbr="oſtẽ-dere">oſten<lb></lb>dere</expan>: vt <expan abbr="trãſlatus">tranſlatus</expan> non genitus videatur. </s> <s id="s.011259">Nihil <lb></lb>igitur mirum, ſi cauſas ſpectes: nam non niſi <lb></lb>in magnis ventorum motibus iſta contin<lb></lb>gunt. </s> <s id="s.011260">Quamobrem & Reipublicæ tempore <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1567"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hæc erant frequentia, quòd frequentiùs <lb></lb>etiam venti validiſſimi fierent. </s> <s id="s.011261">Imò vis ven<lb></lb>torum olim maior videbatur: quam non ſo<lb></lb>lùm hæc noſtra, ſed etiam diluuia, & inun<lb></lb>dationes contingebant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011262"><margin.target id="marg1566"></margin.target>De pluuia <lb></lb>ranarum, la<lb></lb>pidum, & <lb></lb>piſcium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011263"><margin.target id="marg1567"></margin.target>Cur olim <lb></lb>inundationes <lb></lb><expan abbr="contingerẽt">contingerent</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011264">Dira igitur hæc prodigia, quoniam à <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1568"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ventis immodicis fiunt. </s> <s id="s.011265">At venti immodici <lb></lb>caliditate, & ſiccitate graui oriuntur: vnde <lb></lb>proditiones oſtendunt, vt etiam in adagio ſit, <lb></lb>Ventus immodicus, proditio viget. </s> <s id="s.011266">Aut enim <lb></lb>cauſa ventorum horum ex aſtris ſumpta eſt, <lb></lb>Mercurij, & Martis victoria, & ſiderum po<lb></lb>tentiorum, Caniculæ, Arcturi, Oriontis: <lb></lb>aut vt ad nos propius accedamus, calida, & <lb></lb>ſicca conſtitutio, quæ imbecillia capite ve<lb></lb>xat, ea agit in proditiones, ſeditiones, ac cæ<lb></lb>des. </s> <s id="s.011267">Plebs autem plerunque talia habet ca<lb></lb>pita ob paruam experientiam rerum, & in<lb></lb>temperantiam, quocirca contingit illam <lb></lb>ad facinora, vel illorum peſſimos impelli. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011268">Sed falli etiam contingit, tuncque va<lb></lb>luiſſe ſupplicationes diis factas creditum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011269">eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011270"><margin.target id="marg1568"></margin.target>Cur prodi<lb></lb>gia ex plu<lb></lb>uia, vel <expan abbr="vẽti">venti</expan> <lb></lb>immodici <lb></lb>mala præ<lb></lb>nuncient.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011271">Transferuntur & piſces in piſcinas, & no<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1569"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uas aquas, & noua ſemina alienas terras, <lb></lb>velut de laſere refert Theophraſtus: vnde <lb></lb>origo piſcium, nouarúmque plantarum <lb></lb>fruſtrà credita è putredine duxiſſe initium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011272">Indicio eſt maximè hæc videri poſt pro<lb></lb>cellas, nunquam poſt diuturnam ſereni<lb></lb>tatem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011273"><margin.target id="marg1569"></margin.target>Vnde nouæ <lb></lb>plantæ piſces <lb></lb>in aquis vbi <lb></lb>non erant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011274">Eadem ratione, quandoque, ſed rariùs no<lb></lb>uum genus auium ac incognitum transfertur <lb></lb>è longinquis regionibus vi ventorum in no<lb></lb>ſtras à quibus ſuſtinentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011275">Simile eſt fermè, ſed quaſi diuinius, quòd <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1570"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>medicina meditatur per has conſtitutiones <lb></lb>temporum, ſalubritatem corporum, & mor<lb></lb>borum genera prædicere, de quibus maximè <lb></lb>Hippocrates in tertia Aphoriſmorum par<lb></lb>te, & Ariſtoteles in prima Problematum <lb></lb>tractauerunt, mirum quanta ſubtilitate. </s> <s id="s.011276">Suf<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1571"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ficiat mihi nunc futuræ peſtilentiæ ſigna re<lb></lb>ferre, velut vtiliora, & euidentiora, tum de <lb></lb>quibus minùs exquiſitè tractauerint anti<lb></lb>qui. </s> <s id="s.011277">Atque inter hæc primum atque firmiſſi<lb></lb>mum, atque ſecundùm naturam non ſolùm <lb></lb>ſignum, ſed <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> cauſa eſt, aſſiduitás <expan abbr="pluuiarũ">pluuiarum</expan> <pb pagenum="606" xlink:href="016/01/253.jpg"></pb>in fine Veris, vel in æſtate, abſque vento<lb></lb>rum flatibus vllis, cum vehementi calore, <lb></lb>& dum non pluit, turbidus tamen ac nebu<lb></lb>loſus aër conſpicitur. </s> <s id="s.011278">Talem conſtitutionem <lb></lb>in Cramone ciuitate olim Hippocrates deſ<lb></lb>cripſit, quam maxima, & horrenda peſtis <lb></lb>eſt ſubſecuta, in qua præter lethiferas fe<lb></lb>bres, & tubercula atque carbunculos, inte<lb></lb>gra membra tabo abſumpta excidebant. </s> <s id="s.011279">Ca<lb></lb>lor enim ( vt diximus ) & humidum corru<lb></lb>ptionis parentes ſunt, cùm motus illa non <lb></lb>temperauerit. </s> <s id="s.011280">Aliud è cœlo ſignum ſumi ſo<lb></lb>let, cùm ſcilicet deliquia ſolis magna fiunt, <lb></lb>aut Cometes, aut igneæ flammæ in aëre vi<lb></lb>dentur. </s> <s id="s.011281">Ex immodica enim ſiccitate, & <lb></lb>vapore bituminoſo, hæc quæ aërem etiam <lb></lb>corrumpere poſſunt, fieri ſolent: quanquam <lb></lb>ſi nihil aliud ſubſequatur, fallax ſit ſignum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011282">Nam annis, 1531. & ſequentibus multæ <lb></lb>ſtellæ crinitæ, & ab anno 1539. vſque ad <lb></lb>annum 1551. tot Solis & maxima <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> Lunæ <lb></lb>deliquia apparuerunt, vt nunquam plura, <lb></lb>neque maiora contigiſſe legantur, & ta<lb></lb>men Italia ab anno 1524. vſque ad annum <lb></lb>præſentem 1559. nullam paſſa eſt inſignem <lb></lb>peſtis cladem, imò neque fermè veſtigium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011283">Si tamen arbores ardere videantur, certius <lb></lb>eſt ſignum calamitatis futuræ, quoniam <lb></lb>iam aër ipſe noſter non ſublimis, qui minùs <lb></lb>ad nos attinet, infeſtatur. </s> <s id="s.011284">Quòd ſi aër quaſi <lb></lb>puluerulentus menſibus aliquot perſeueret, <lb></lb>peſtem futuram denunciat ſui generis. </s> <s id="s.011285">Nam <lb></lb>impurum quod trahitur, cor, ſed magis ce<lb></lb>rebrum vitiat. </s> <s id="s.011286">Cùm enim peſtis & ab aqua, <lb></lb>& ab aëre fiat, quæ ab aqua fit, cor magis <lb></lb>petit: quæ ab aëre, cerebrum. </s> <s id="s.011287">Nullum enim <lb></lb>ſeptum adeò denſum in cerebro velut in pul<lb></lb>mone, cùm tamen cerebrum reſpiret. </s> <s id="s.011288">Ipſius <lb></lb>verò cerebri ſubſtantia, cordis mollior ac <lb></lb>magis exanguis. </s> <s id="s.011289">Quò fit, vt in ſpecubus ob <lb></lb>vitium cerebri primùm in lipothymiam, in<lb></lb>de corde conſentiente in ſyncopen, & mor<lb></lb>tem incidant. </s> <s id="s.011290">Ex his igitur in cauſarum co<lb></lb>gnitionem venire licet, vt ex cauſis in mor<lb></lb>bi genus. </s> <s id="s.011291">Cúmque panis aëri expoſitus, mu<lb></lb>corem contrahit per nocte, habes iam cor<lb></lb>rupti aëris ſigna, proximámque ſi nondum <lb></lb>cœpit peſtilentiam. </s> <s id="s.011292">Cùm verò diues anus, <lb></lb>aut puellæ ſtragem prænunciantes videre at<lb></lb>que audire ſe eixiſtimauerint, peſtis ſubſe<lb></lb>quetur. </s> <s id="s.011293">Nam ſi viderunt, inquam, & au<lb></lb>dierunt, diui non mentiuntur? </s> <s id="s.011294">Si autem <lb></lb>non videntes videre ſe exiſtimant, atque <lb></lb>audire perperàm, iam atra bilis in ſanguine <lb></lb>exuperat aëris praua qualitate, quæ in de<lb></lb>terius procedens peſtem facit. </s> <s id="s.011295">Canum quo<lb></lb>que frequens rabies ob id peſtem nunciat, <lb></lb>quòd hi vel ab aquis, vel ab aëre in rabiem <lb></lb>aguntur. </s> <s id="s.011296">Declarauimus enim ab aquis cor<lb></lb>ruptis rabiem generari. </s> <s id="s.011297">Similiter & lupo<lb></lb>rum ingreſſus in vrbem, & moleſtia aſſi<lb></lb>dua, rabiei in eis cuiuſdam ſignum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011298">Ni<lb></lb>mia enim audacia rabiem nunciat. </s> <s id="s.011299">Ab his <lb></lb>igitur cauſis, quibus hi in rabiem aguntur, <lb></lb>corrumpuntur in hominibus humores, & <lb></lb>peſtis generatur. </s> <s id="s.011300">Ob id etiam quandoque <lb></lb>contingit ante peſtem aues deſerere oua at<lb></lb>que nidos, & imperfectos pullos: omnia <lb></lb>enim hæc ſigna ſunt prædominantis atræ <lb></lb>bilis, ſeu ob aërem, ſeu ob aquam corru<lb></lb>ptam. </s> <s id="s.011301">Oues autem præcipuè ante id tempus <lb></lb>clade afficiuntur: imbecilliores enim ac ſi<lb></lb>miles hominibus natura, ab eiſdem cauſis, <lb></lb>quibus homines peſtem patiuntur: Rana<lb></lb>rum quoque multitudo, & blattarum in <lb></lb>muris ob ſuperfluum humidum pingue fit, <lb></lb>quod naturæ humanæ aduerſatur, & illi <lb></lb>perniciem affert. </s> <s id="s.011302">Cúmque vermes ac ſer<lb></lb>pentes apparent, tum talpæ, id contingit, <lb></lb>quoniam cubilia propria deſerunt ob mole<lb></lb>ſtiam vaporis, qui ſub terra continetur, qui<lb></lb>que aſcendens aërem vitiat adeò infeſto <lb></lb>affectu, vt perniciem ſerpentibus afferre poſ<lb></lb>ſit, ne dum hominibus. </s> <s id="s.011303">Nihil enim penitùs <lb></lb>ſub terra ſalutare homini fermè eſſe poteſt: <lb></lb>generaliter autem omninò eſſe non poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011304">Ob id oportet talia frequenter videri, & paſ<lb></lb>ſim, & perſeuerare, & augeri: tunc enim <lb></lb>procul dubiò peſtem futuram prænunciant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011305">Aues etiam ſi hunc morbum concipiant, in<lb></lb>gentis peſtis ſignum ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011306">Refert enim Ioa<lb></lb>chimus Schælerus, in illa grauiſſima peſte <lb></lb>Britannica aues ſub arboribus mortuas in<lb></lb>ueniri ſolitas cum puſtulis ſub alis. </s> <s id="s.011307">Itaque <lb></lb>cùm ſiccius animalium genus atque liberius <lb></lb>eo morbo afficitur, multò magis etiam ho<lb></lb>mines. </s> <s id="s.011308">Tranſire enim hic etiam in equos vi<lb></lb>ſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.011309">Naſcitur præterea in fructu quercus, <lb></lb><expan abbr="quẽ">quem</expan> <expan abbr="gallã">gallam</expan> vocant, & qui rarò menſe Martio <lb></lb><expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> perforatur, vermis quandoque, <expan abbr="quandoq;">quandoque</expan> <lb></lb>araneus, & quandoque muſca. </s> <s id="s.011310">Vbi vermis <lb></lb>innaſcitur, peſtem nunciat: nam vermis ex <lb></lb>multo fit humido, ſed non probè concocto. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011311">Si muſca, fertilitatem: nam humidum tenue, <lb></lb>& benè concoctum declarat: vnde aëris <expan abbr="ca-lorẽ">ca<lb></lb>lorem</expan> temperatum eſſe docet, qui vbertatem <lb></lb>affert. </s> <s id="s.011312">At ſi aranea erumpat, iam hoc ſteri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1572"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>litatis eſt indicium: eſt enim aranea animal <lb></lb>frigidum atque ſiccum, & ob id telas confi<lb></lb>cit: frigus autem ac ſiccitas generationi om<lb></lb>ni ac vitæ contraria ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011313">Porrò fertilitatis <lb></lb>ac ſterilitatis ſigna ad quatuor in vniuerſum <lb></lb>genera referri debent. </s> <s id="s.011314">Ad aſtra quidem pri<lb></lb>mum, at de his ſuis locis planè dictum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011315">Ad elementa verò immoderantia omnis, <lb></lb>qualis calidi, vel frigidi, ſicci, aut humi<lb></lb>di, & nimia aëris tranquillitas, & peruer<lb></lb>ſitas, vt hyems calida, vel ſiccum, & tran<lb></lb>quillum, æſtas temperata. </s> <s id="s.011316">Ad ipſas plan<lb></lb>tas, velut frugum ſemina cùm leuia fuerint, <lb></lb>aut corrupta, ſterilitatem futuram in eo ge<lb></lb>nere nuntiant. </s> <s id="s.011317">Et ſi ſub Caniculæ ortu <lb></lb>citò areſcant. </s> <s id="s.011318">Si enim vehemens hoc ma<lb></lb>lum fuerit, in plurimos annos protenditur: <lb></lb>velut de ſterilitate Ioſeph ſub Pharaone, <lb></lb>quæ ſeptem annis durauit. </s> <s id="s.011319">Ob id etiam <lb></lb>qui ſerunt, meliora ex eo genere legunt ſe<lb></lb>mina. </s> <s id="s.011320">Similiter & in fructibus, in quibus <lb></lb>perpetuum illud fermè manet, vt maximam <lb></lb>vbertatem maxima ſterilitas ſubſequatur, <lb></lb>ſeu exhauſtis arborum viribus, ſeu quomodo<lb></lb>cunque læſis germinibus, à quibus germina <lb></lb>prodeunt, vt etiam ex grandine contingit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011321">Ab accidentibus vero, & ſignis: nam terræ<lb></lb>motus, & locuſtæ, ſæpè peſtis, frequentiùs <lb></lb>ſterilitatis cauſæ manifeſtæ, & efficaces fue<lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.011322">Et inſectorum ac piſcium abundantia <lb></lb>ſterilitatem nuntiat: ab humidi enim co<lb></lb>pia fiunt piſces, triticum autem ab humido <lb></lb><expan abbr="tẽperamento">temperamento</expan>, vnde (vt diximus) nec in inſula <pb pagenum="607" xlink:href="016/01/254.jpg"></pb>beati Thomæ prouenit. </s> <s id="s.011323">Sic tritici vbertas <lb></lb>contraria ratione paucos piſces facit. </s> <s id="s.011324">Sed ſi <lb></lb>omnia attingere voluero, finem nunquam <lb></lb>ſum facturus: vituperabatur pictor ille quan<lb></lb>quam egregius ab Apelle, qui à tabula nun<lb></lb>quam ſciret manus abducere, præcipuè cùm <lb></lb>homini nihil ſit difficilius ſcientia futuro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1573"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum: hæc nanque adeò obſcura eſt, vt ni<lb></lb>ſi diuino aliquo afflatu adiuuetur, vix lau<lb></lb>dem afferat. </s> <s id="s.011325">Ob id qui in ea claruerunt, fue<lb></lb>runt autem admodum pauci, diuini meritò <lb></lb>vocati ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011326">Claruerunt autem inter viros <lb></lb>Muſæus Athenienſis, & ex eadem vrbe Ly<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1574"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cus Pandionis filius & Bacchides Bœotius, <lb></lb>tum Tireſias & ipſe Bœotius, tum Cyprius <lb></lb>Eucleus, & famoſus Epimenides Cretenſis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011327">Sicut inter fœminas ſibyllæ, à <foreign lang="grc">σιβυλλιᾱͅν</foreign>, <lb></lb>quod eſt vaticinari, ſeu à <foreign lang="grc">σιοὺς</foreign>, quod eſt deo<lb></lb>rum, & <foreign lang="grc">βουλὲ</foreign> ſententia, dictæ. </s> <s id="s.011328">Nobiliſſimæ è <lb></lb>decem Erythrea & Cumæa, quam Amal<lb></lb>thæam ſeu Demophilen, vel Erophilen ap<lb></lb>pellarunt: harum enim carmina Romanis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1575"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>præcipuè in præcio fuêre. </s> <s id="s.011329">Sed & diuinatio <lb></lb>futurorum quadruplex: aut enim ex inſolitis, <lb></lb>velut cum in Heluetiis <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt referunt) in aëre <lb></lb>viſi ſunt duo leones inter ſe pugnantes, quo<lb></lb>rum alter alteri caput præcidit. </s> <s id="s.011330">Et viri ar<lb></lb>mati, & acies, vt tempore Machabæorum, <lb></lb>& ante Hieroſolymæ deſtructionem in cælo <lb></lb>perpetuis quadraginta debus. </s> <s id="s.011331">Atque hæc <lb></lb>forſan non ineptè quiſpiam in vapores, velut <lb></lb>& nubium varias formas, referat. </s> <s id="s.011332">Sed de his <lb></lb>alio loco dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011333">Aut in vim fatidicam, <lb></lb>de qua nuper locuti ſumus. </s> <s id="s.011334">Aut in artem <lb></lb>quampiam naturalem, vt aſtrologiam, phy<lb></lb>ſiognomiam, metopoſcopiam, chiroman<lb></lb>tiam, nauticam, agriculturam, medicinam, <lb></lb>ſomniorum interpretationem. </s> <s id="s.011335">Aut in prodi<lb></lb>gia omináque & auguria, ementitáſque ar<lb></lb>tes: de quibus in quarto libro de Sapientia <lb></lb>diximus. </s> <s id="s.011336">Et poſtquam tot, tantáque ſunt fu<lb></lb>tura prænoſcendi argumenta, tam varia, <lb></lb>tam incerta, vt neque obſeruaſſe decorum, <lb></lb>nec omninò neglexiſſe tutum fuerit, pauci <lb></lb>tamen reclamantibus pro arbitrio omnibus, <lb></lb>deterioráque ipſis, quàm quæ reprehendunt <lb></lb>admittentibus, hoc in genere eruditi inue<lb></lb>niuntur, qui quæ obſeruare debeant, <expan abbr="tanquã">tanquam</expan> <lb></lb>vera norint, quæque tanquam falſa neglige <lb></lb>Omnis enim veritas diuina eſt, & ab opti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1576"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mo proficiſcitur. </s> <s id="s.011337">Frequentiores licet in diſci<lb></lb>plinis viros præſtantes inuenire, è quorum <lb></lb>numero decem ſelegi, vnicuique iudicium <lb></lb>ſuum relinquens. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011338"><margin.target id="marg1570"></margin.target>De medici<lb></lb>na.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011339"><margin.target id="marg1571"></margin.target>Peſtilentiæ <lb></lb>futuræ ſigna.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011340"><margin.target id="marg1572"></margin.target><expan abbr="Abundãtiæ">Abundantiæ</expan>, <lb></lb>& ſterilita<lb></lb>tis ſigna.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011341"><margin.target id="marg1573"></margin.target>Homini nihil <lb></lb>futurorum <lb></lb>ſcientia diffi<lb></lb>cilius.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011342"><margin.target id="marg1574"></margin.target>Vates & <lb></lb>Sybilla.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011343"><margin.target id="marg1575"></margin.target>Diuinatio <lb></lb>quadruplex.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011344"><margin.target id="marg1576"></margin.target>Viri 12. ſub<lb></lb>tilitate præ<lb></lb>ſtantes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011345">Archimedes primus ſit, non ſolùm ob mo<lb></lb>numenta illius nunc vulgata, ſed ob mecha<lb></lb>nica, quibus vt Plutarchus auctor eſt, vires <lb></lb>Romanorum ſæpius fregit. </s> <s id="s.011346">Refert mira il<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1577"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lius inuenta in M. </s> <s id="s.011347">Marcelli vita, & nos alia <lb></lb>non minora, ex Galeni teſtimonio, in vtro<lb></lb>que genere non tam primus auctor, quàm <lb></lb>immirabilis. </s> <s id="s.011348">Nec qui Græculos <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> omne ſolet <lb></lb>appellare Cicero genus id hominum) laudare <lb></lb>ingenium, & inter vrbis ruinas Syracuſiæ, ac <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1578"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſentes, ſepulchrum quærere dignatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.011349">Se<lb></lb>cundus eſt Ariſtoteles Stagirita, Macedo <lb></lb>Magni Alexandri præceptor, qui res natura<lb></lb>les, ac diuinas, dialecticámque mirum in mo<lb></lb>dum excoluit: animaliúmque vitam, mores <lb></lb>ac ſtructuram incredibili ſagacitate perſe<lb></lb>cutus eſt. </s> <s id="s.011350">Qui cùm in ſingulis diſciplinis ſcri<lb></lb>pſerit quod probaretur, error tamen conſpi<lb></lb>cuus in tot ſeculis in illius ſcriptis depræ<lb></lb>hendi non potuit. </s> <s id="s.011351">Tertium locum obſident <lb></lb>paribus argumentis Euclides, Scotus, & <lb></lb>Ioannes Suiſſet, quem Calculatorem vulgus <lb></lb>vocat, pari ſpe: ſed antiquitate & vſu præpo<lb></lb>natur Euclides. </s> <s id="s.011352">Eius verò ſunt duæ præci<lb></lb>puæ laudes: inconcuſſa dogmatum firmitas <lb></lb>libri Elementorum, perfectióque adeò abſo<lb></lb>luta, vt nullum opus iure huic aliud compa<lb></lb>rare audeas: quibus fit vt ſoli hi in arduis <lb></lb>quæſtionibus videantur poſſe à falſo verum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1579"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>diſcernere, qui Euclidem habent familia<lb></lb>rem. </s> <s id="s.011353">Megara fuit oriundus: pluráque alia <lb></lb>quæ etiam extant, pari ſub vtilitate ſcripſit, <lb></lb>ſed longè minus vtilia. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011354"><margin.target id="marg1577"></margin.target>Archimedis <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011355"><margin.target id="marg1578"></margin.target>Ariſtotelis <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011356"><margin.target id="marg1579"></margin.target>Euclidis <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011357">Succedit huic Ioan. </s> <s id="s.011358">Scotus: patria hæc il<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1580"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lius: qui ſubtilis doctoris, ob doctrinam, pár<lb></lb>que vbique acumen meruit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011359"><margin.target id="marg1580"></margin.target>Scoti laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011360">Eiuſdem inſulæ accola fuit Ioannes ( vt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1581"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dixi) Suiſſet, cognomento Calculator: in cu<lb></lb>ius ſolius vnius argumenti ſolutione, quod <lb></lb>contra experimentum eſt de actione mutua, <lb></lb>tota laborauit poſteritas: quem ſenem ad<lb></lb>modum, nec inuenta ſua dum legeret intelli<lb></lb>gentem, fleuiſſe referunt. </s> <s id="s.011361">Ex quo haud du<lb></lb>bium eſſe reor, quod in libro de Animi im<lb></lb>mortalitate ſcripſi, Barbaros ingenio nobis <lb></lb>haud eſſe inferiores: quandoquidem ſub <lb></lb>Brumæ cœlo, diuiſa toto orbe Britannia, <lb></lb>duos tam clari ingenij viros emiſerit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011362"><margin.target id="marg1581"></margin.target>Calculatoris <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011363">Sextus locus Apollonio Pergeo debetur, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1582"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>qui fermè ętate ęqualis fuit Archimedi. </s> <s id="s.011364">Scri<lb></lb>pſit octo de Conicis elementis libros egre<lb></lb>gius: quorum ad hanc vſque diem, primi<lb></lb>tantùm quatuor editi ſunt, tam fœdè à trans<lb></lb>latore conſpurcati, vt ne illos etiam editos <lb></lb>meritò dicere poſſis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011365"><margin.target id="marg1582"></margin.target>Apollonij <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011366">Proximus autem huic, verùm longè anti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1583"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quior, Architas Tarentinus, vt etiam in<lb></lb>ter tam egregios viros ſedem aliquam Italus <lb></lb>vir obtineat, collocetur: qui præter ligneam <lb></lb>columbam volantem, quam conſtruxiſſe fer<lb></lb>tur, veram demonſtrationem duas lineas in<lb></lb>ter duas alias propoſitas in continuo pro<lb></lb>portionem collocandi inuenit, quam inter <lb></lb>decem aliàs falſas Eutotius tradidit. </s> <s id="s.011367">Huic <lb></lb>Mahometus Moſis filius Arabs, Algebrati<lb></lb>cæ (vt ita dicam) artis inuentor, ſuccedit. </s> <s id="s.011368">Ob id <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1584"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>inuentum ab artis nomine cognomen ade<lb></lb>ptus eſt, Nonne Alchindus & ipſe Arabs, <lb></lb>editorum librorum quorum Auerroës me<lb></lb>minit, exemplum eſt, qui ſupereſt libellus de <lb></lb>Ratione ſex quantitatum, quem nos excu<lb></lb>dendum trademus, exhibet cùm nihil ſit in<lb></lb>genioſius. </s> <s id="s.011369">Pòſt ſequitur Heber Hiſpanus cla<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1585"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>riſſimo inuento: cùm Ptolemæus ex quinque <lb></lb>quantitatibus maximo labore ſextam quæ<lb></lb>rat, hic in eiſdem cum tribus quartam. </s> <s id="s.011370">Mul<lb></lb>ta etiam in melius mutauit, quæ ad ſtatum <lb></lb>cœli pertinebant: vt facilè intelligas multo <lb></lb>minus æſtus maximos frigoribus gelidis ob<lb></lb>eſſe ingeniis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011371"><margin.target id="marg1583"></margin.target>Architæ <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011372"><margin.target id="marg1584"></margin.target>Algebræ <lb></lb>laus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011373">Alchindi <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011374"><margin.target id="marg1585"></margin.target>Hebri laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011375">Vndecimus, ſubtilitate, ſed clariſſimus arte <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1586"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Galenus, methodis, pulſibus, atque diſſectio<lb></lb>nibus: ſed adeò verboſus, & ſtudio contradi<lb></lb>cendi tædulus, vt alterum vix ferre queas, in <lb></lb>reliquo grauis iactura artium poſita eſt, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb>noſtræ ætatis viri reſtituere conati ſunt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="608" xlink:href="016/01/255.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011376"><margin.target id="marg1586"></margin.target>Galeni laus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011377">Vltimus omnium Vitruuius, qui tamen ſi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1587"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>propria non aliena inuenta conſcripſiſſet, in<lb></lb>ter primos adnumerari poterat. </s> <s id="s.011378">Eminent au<lb></lb>tem quædam in ſingulis: vt in Archimede <lb></lb>æqualitas ſphæræ cum cylindro, ſepulchro <lb></lb>ſuo inſcripta: in Euclide ordo, in Ariſtotele <lb></lb>contextus, in Galeno diuidendi ratio. </s> <s id="s.011379">Alij <lb></lb>etiam præclaras quaſdam dotes habent, ta<lb></lb>metſi ſubtilitate non præſtiterint. </s> <s id="s.011380">Quis in <lb></lb>Homero non admiretur affectus, grauitatem <lb></lb>in Virgilio, commiſerationem & affluentiam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1588"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in Cicerone, orationis qualitatem tum ſche<lb></lb>mata ſenſui verborum appoſita in Quintilia<lb></lb>no? </s> <s id="s.011381">Nec eſt vnum genus ſubtilitatis in quo <lb></lb>auctores celebrantur, ſed plura. </s> <s id="s.011382">Ariſtotelis <lb></lb>ab ingenio, cuius æmuli Theophraſtus & <lb></lb>Scotus. </s> <s id="s.011383">Ab ingenio, ac imaginatione Archi<lb></lb>medis. </s> <s id="s.011384">Ab imaginatione, vt Calculatoris. </s> <s id="s.011385">A <lb></lb>ſenſu cum imaginatione, vt Euclidis. </s> <s id="s.011386">A iudi<lb></lb>cio: vt Algebræ. </s> <s id="s.011387">A ſenſu atque experientia, <lb></lb>vt Vitruuij: cuius æmulus fuit Hero clariſ<lb></lb>ſimus inuentis, ſed parum vtilib. </s> <s id="s.011388">Præſtantiſ<lb></lb>ſimus in Vitruuio modus horologiorum, ſeu <lb></lb>per tympana & aquam, ſeu in anaporicis ex <lb></lb>ſignifero, ſeu per analema quod cauis plan<lb></lb>tis, ac ſphæricis commune eſt. </s> <s id="s.011389">Atque hi om<lb></lb>nes ingenio præſtiterunt, ſed qui humanas <lb></lb>vires ſupergreſſi, proprioréſque diuinitati <lb></lb>cuipiam fuiſſe videntur, tres ſunt: Ptolemæus <lb></lb>Alexandrinus, Hippocrates, Cous, & Ploti<lb></lb>nus. </s> <s id="s.011390">Huic debeo, quòd intelligere multa poſ<lb></lb>ſe confidam, illi artis ſcientiam: primum ad<lb></lb>miror quod vix intelligam. </s> <s id="s.011391">Coniector hanc <lb></lb>claritatem virorum, quòd reliquorum ſi per<lb></lb>iiſſent monumenta, propoſitis mihi tracta<lb></lb>tionibus <expan abbr="auxiliiſq;">auxiliiſque</expan>, quibus illi freti ſunt, cur <lb></lb>ſingula reſtituere non poſſem, & ſi non poſ<lb></lb>ſem, non intelligo: at vnius ex his, ne ſeptem <lb></lb>quidem lineas facturum me non poſſe toto <lb></lb>vitæ meæ tempore ſatis intelligo. </s> <s id="s.011392">At qui <lb></lb>Hippocrati, Galenum parem eſſe putant, <lb></lb>neutrum eorum ſe intelligere ea confeſſio<lb></lb>ne fatentur. </s> <s id="s.011393">Multò enim plus Hippocrates à <lb></lb>Galeno diſtat, quam Galenus à puerulo quo<lb></lb>vis. </s> <s id="s.011394">Itaque qui nondum ex his tribus ali<lb></lb>quem intelligit, ad ſcientiam quidem exer<lb></lb>citatum capeſſendam, ex aliorum intellectu <lb></lb>exiſtimare verè poteſt, ſe tamen ſcire quic<lb></lb>quam omnino non exiſtimet. </s> <s id="s.011395">Horum enim <lb></lb>eſt meta humanæ ſcientiæ. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1589"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011396"><margin.target id="marg1587"></margin.target>Vitruuij <lb></lb>laus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011397">Quæ in ſin<lb></lb>gulis aucto<lb></lb>ribus maxi<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011398"><margin.target id="marg1588"></margin.target>Subtilitatis <lb></lb>in auctoribus <lb></lb>genera <expan abbr="ſeptẽ">ſeptem</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011399"><margin.target id="marg1589"></margin.target>Ratio abſo<lb></lb>lutiſſima <lb></lb>conſcriben<lb></lb>dorum libro<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011400">Vt verò abſolutorum librorum rationem <lb></lb>quiſque intelligat, & quónam modo ars vna<lb></lb>quæque doceri poſſit, neminem inuenio qui <lb></lb>id exactius me tradiderit, præter vnum Ga<lb></lb>lenum: quam ſi nos tempeſtiuè tenuiſſemus, <lb></lb>à multis ſanè laboribus excuſaſſet. </s> <s id="s.011401">Ea eſt rat<lb></lb>io, qua ſæpius eadem ad hanc vſque diem <lb></lb>noſtra immutare coactus ſim, quæ prius aliis <lb></lb>placere cœperunt quàm mihi. </s> <s id="s.011402">Nunc verò <lb></lb>quæ edentur, percepta conſcribendi ratione, <lb></lb>non minus nobis quàm aliis (vt exiſtimo) ſa<lb></lb>tisfaciens. </s> <s id="s.011403">Mihi quidem præter Deum, ad <lb></lb>hanc vſque diem nullus auxiliator ad com<lb></lb>ponendos libros fuit, vtinam non magis im<lb></lb>pedimento quiſquam fuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.011404">Itaque inita ra<lb></lb>tione mecum, vt cogitarem aliquem eſſe, & <lb></lb>huius rei modum, caſus qui non ſine numine <lb></lb>fuit, oblatus eſt, quo Galeni ſententiam de <lb></lb>hoc intelligerem. </s> <s id="s.011405">Ea autem talis erat: Si do<lb></lb>ctrinam aliquam, cuiuſpiam rei tradere ab<lb></lb>ſolutiſſimè atque perfectè volueris, quòd <lb></lb>officium eſt cuiuſque ſcribentis, id commo<lb></lb>dè aſſequi licebit, ſi rem de qua tractatur in <lb></lb>ſpecies diuiſerimus, atque illas rurſus, ac rur<lb></lb>ſus diſtinxerimus in alias minores, donec ad <lb></lb>vltimas peruenerimus. </s> <s id="s.011406">Eadem quoque ratio <lb></lb>in affectibus, qui de his ſpeciebus demon<lb></lb>ſtrari poſſunt, obſeruanda erit. </s> <s id="s.011407">Atque hoc <lb></lb>primum præceptum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011408">Aliud verò fuerit, vt <lb></lb>demonſtremus tam in ſpeciebus rei tractatæ, <lb></lb>quàm affectibus, non plura eſſe, aut poſſe ge<lb></lb>nera membrorum ſub tractata re contineri, <lb></lb>quódque deſcripta membra ſub illa omnia <lb></lb>contineantur. </s> <s id="s.011409">Initium verò huius diuiſionis <lb></lb>ab artis fine ſumendum erit, aliter in incerto <lb></lb>vagabimur. </s> <s id="s.011410">Sic igitur optimæ conſtructionis <lb></lb>præcepta nos docuit Galenus: atque ex hoc, <lb></lb>quinam in vnaquaque arte tradenda fuerint <lb></lb>præſtantiſſimi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011411">Sed poſtquam ad artificem ventum eſt, <lb></lb>proſequamur & artes, quæ adeò ætate noſtra <lb></lb>inclaruerunt, vt quæ hîc ſcripſi, apud poſte<lb></lb>ros fidei parum ſint habitura. </s> <s id="s.011412">Sed ſi quis ſe<lb></lb>cum exiſtimet, vnamquanque ætatem ſua <lb></lb>habuiſſe miracula, antiquiſſimam, tot dilu<lb></lb>uia, tot incendia, Romanorum, prodigia ora<lb></lb>cula, ſequentem verò etiam miracula, non <lb></lb>eſt cur poſteri de artium inuentis noſtræ <lb></lb>tempeſtatis dubitent: nec nos de his quæ di<lb></lb>gna admiratione tradita ſunt ab aliis, qui <lb></lb>priore ſeculo vixerunt. </s> <s id="s.011413">Sunt artium inuenta <lb></lb>in ſingulos dies noua, nec vllo fine compræ<lb></lb>henduntur: in quibuſdam ſufficit ſcire quid <lb></lb>velis. </s> <s id="s.011414">Nuper quidam inuenit haſtati enſis ra<lb></lb>tionem. </s> <s id="s.011415">Nam cùm enſis dirigitur, duplica<arrow.to.target n="marg1590"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur, vncinóque firmatus haſtam ferream re<lb></lb>fert, cuius cuſpis eſt ipſe enſis. </s> <s id="s.011416">Alius roſtra<lb></lb>tam manum ferream fecit, quæ cùm tange<lb></lb>retur, concurrentibus in ſe vncinis manum <lb></lb>furis deprehendebat: nam inter pecunias de<lb></lb>liteſcebat in crumena. </s> <s id="s.011417">Sic infinita excogi<lb></lb>tare licet, quæ ſolo iudicio indicent. </s> <s id="s.011418">At no<lb></lb>ſtra ætas illuſtribus inuentis, & maximis <lb></lb>fœcunda eſt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="609" xlink:href="016/01/256.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011419"><margin.target id="marg1590"></margin.target>Enſis ha<lb></lb>ſtatus.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.256.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/256/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011420"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVSSEPTIMVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011421"><emph type="center"></emph>De artibus, artificioſiſque <lb></lb>rebus.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1591"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011422"><margin.target id="marg1591"></margin.target>Artes nuper <lb></lb>inuentæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011423">NONNE inter cætera rerum in<lb></lb>uenta admiratione primum <lb></lb>digna eſt ratio nauticæ pyxi<lb></lb>dis, qua tot ſulcantur maria, <lb></lb>creditur profundo pelagi, & <lb></lb>vaſtitati aquarum, & ventorum turbini <lb></lb>ſalus toc hominum, tam ingentes pecuniæ, <lb></lb>ipſorum denique vita Principum, vaſculo <lb></lb>tam paruo, virgulæque, imò acui modicæ? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011424">Nec ſolùm ſufficiat, hæc credidiſſe, niſi etiam <lb></lb>ea nos dirigat ac doceat, lapiſque ſenſus ex<lb></lb>pers tot viris ſapientiſſimis oculatis atque <lb></lb>auritis præſtet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011425">Proxima laus poſſet concedi tormento<lb></lb>rum bellicorum inuentioni, niſi ad damna <lb></lb>humani generis potius, quàm ad vtilitatem <lb></lb>inuenta videretur, vnde etiam execrabile in<lb></lb>uentoris nomen. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011426">Cui ſuccedit mira illa typis excudendo<lb></lb>rum librorum ars nulli poſt primam nec <lb></lb>vtilitate, nec dignitate, nec ſubtilitate ſe<lb></lb>cunda, quæ etiam ſi primo loco ſtatuatur, <lb></lb>rectè factum credamus. </s> <s id="s.011427">His tribus tota an<lb></lb>tiquitas nihil par habet. </s> <s id="s.011428">Mitto reliqua huius <lb></lb>ætatis inuenta mira, ſed quæ acceſſionem <lb></lb>faciant veteribus artibus potius, quàm proa<lb></lb>uorum ingenia ſuperent. </s> <s id="s.011429">Hæc ſi velim enu<lb></lb>merare, totus liber non ſufficiat, ſed pro <lb></lb>exemplo aliqua ſubiiciam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011430">Fornices in ædibus: nolas in templis: <lb></lb>ſtapedes in ephippiis: molas in horologiis: <lb></lb>candidarum linearum diſtinctionem in vi<lb></lb>tro: formam & celeritatem excudendi in <arrow.to.target n="marg1592"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aureis nummis: rotam qua fila plurima ſi<lb></lb>mul nentur, ſuppreſſam conſultò Venetiis, <lb></lb>vt pauperum muliercularum vitæ ac earum <lb></lb>filiis conſulatur. </s> <s id="s.011431">Quæ etiam in vſum longo <lb></lb>interuallo temporum deſita, vt Quinquere<lb></lb>mium ſtructura, & Chryſocollæ compoſitio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011432">Et thoracum Thracium ſtructura, cuius in <lb></lb>Atticis tanquam de re præſentente atque <lb></lb>exactè nota meminit Pauſanias: Cum Sau<lb></lb>romatæ (inquit) ferro carerent, nec emere, <lb></lb>aut commutando illud habere <expan abbr="curarẽt">curarent</expan>, <expan abbr="abũ-darent">abun<lb></lb>darent</expan> autem equis, illorum vngulas cùm <lb></lb>mortui eſſent collectas, ac repurgatas, in <lb></lb>bracteas ſecabant: inde neruis equorum, aut <lb></lb>boum in formam ſquamoſi corij ſerpentis <lb></lb>conſuebant: atque ita, vt ſi quis non vidit, <lb></lb>fructum pinus viridis referent. </s> <s id="s.011433">Taleſque <lb></lb>thoraces, neque vſu, neque elegantia Atti<lb></lb>cis, qui ferro conſtabant, vlla ex parte infe<lb></lb>riores erant. </s> <s id="s.011434">Seu enim eminus iaculis, ſeu <lb></lb>cominus gladiis feriantur, optimè reſiſtunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011435">Vnum verò ex his in Æſculapij templo ſuſ<lb></lb>penſum ætate ſua refert Athenis. </s> <s id="s.011436">In quos <lb></lb>vſus ſi nunc reſtitueretur, atque alios, mi<lb></lb>nimè operam luſurum inuentorem exiſtima<lb></lb>uerim. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011437"><margin.target id="marg1592"></margin.target>Thoracum <lb></lb>mirabilium <lb></lb>ſtructura.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011438">Verùm artes quæ maximè illuſtrantur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1593"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſubtilitate, ſunt, Pictura, ſculptura, plaſtices: <lb></lb>nam ſi vel paulò oculus elatior, aut naris <lb></lb>anguſtior, aut labium obliquius, quantum <lb></lb>impenderis operæ, tantum prorſus perdi<lb></lb>deris. </s> <s id="s.011439">In ſculptura excelluerunt antiqui adeò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1594"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>(ad Iudæos hoc referunt ) vt plus tunc ſci<lb></lb>uerit manus, quàm nunc agnoſcat oculus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011440">Huiuſcemodi miraculi Carneolos duos vidi <lb></lb>ignotis animalium figuris. </s> <s id="s.011441">Et equidem ſub<lb></lb>tilitas ipſa prorſus decoris omnis mater eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011442">Nec ſolùm decoris, ſed etiam perſæpe fir<lb></lb>mitatis: velut in muris exacta ſtructura ad <lb></lb>perpendiculum, firmiſſimum atque æter<lb></lb>num opus reddit: quæ ſi paululum ab ea <lb></lb>deſciueris, mirum quàm breui illos euertat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011443"><margin.target id="marg1593"></margin.target>Artes tres, <lb></lb>quæ ſubtili<lb></lb>tate <expan abbr="illuſtrã-tur">illuſtran<lb></lb>tur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011444"><margin.target id="marg1594"></margin.target>Gemmæ ſub<lb></lb>tiliſſimæ <lb></lb>ſculptæ.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011445">Quæ verò ſolùm iuuantur, etſi non illu<lb></lb>ſtrentur, artes ſunt, Militaris, magia, chymi<lb></lb>ſtica, machinatoria, quæ ſub architectura <lb></lb>continetur. </s> <s id="s.011446">Pictura non ſolùm iuuatur, ſed <lb></lb>etîam illuſtratur. </s> <s id="s.011447">Eſt enim pictura, mecha<lb></lb>nicarum omnium ſubtiliſſima eadem verò <lb></lb>& nobiliſſima. </s> <s id="s.011448">Nam quicquid plaſtices, aut <lb></lb>ſculptura conatur, mirabilius pictura fingit, <lb></lb>addit vmbras, & colores, & opticen ſibi <lb></lb>iungit, nouis etiam additis quibuſdam in<lb></lb>uentionibus: nam pictorem omnia neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt ſcire, quoniam omnia imitatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011449">Et philoſophus pictor, architectus, & diſ<lb></lb>ſectionis artifex. </s> <s id="s.011450">Argumento eſt præclara il<lb></lb>la totius humani corporis imitatio, iam plu<lb></lb>ribus antè annis inchoata à Leonardo Vin<lb></lb>cio Florentino, & penè abſoluta: ſed deerat <lb></lb>operi tantus artifex, ac rerum naturæ inda<lb></lb>gator, quantus eſt Veſalius, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011451">Itaque vt de artis præceptis tum plaſti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1595"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ces, aliquid dicam, illud commune amba<lb></lb>bus primò aſſumendum eſt, tum etiam cæ<lb></lb>landi, ac ſculpendi, difficilius eſſe vtramque <lb></lb>partem faciei fingere, quàm vnam tantùm. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011452">Tripliciter enim contingit faciem exprime<lb></lb>re, mediam, totam & ſeſquidimidiam. </s> <s id="s.011453">In fa<lb></lb>cie ſumptum eſt exemplum, quia homines <lb></lb>belluis, vt belluæ plantis, & plantæ regio<lb></lb>nibus, earumque partibus difficilius fun<lb></lb>guntur. </s> <s id="s.011454">Facies autem ex hominis partibus, <lb></lb>& ex modis illius tota difficillimè exprimi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.011455">Primùm quidem, quia generaliter <lb></lb>duplus eſt labor: inde comparatione, ſi <lb></lb>quid artifex delituit in magnitudine, nume<lb></lb>ro, forma, colore, lituris, rugis, cauitatibus, <lb></lb>aliiſque innumeris, quæ in vnius medietatis <lb></lb>figura latebant, manifeſta facta, operis tur-<pb pagenum="610" xlink:href="016/01/257.jpg"></pb>pitudinem declarant. </s> <s id="s.011456">Qui igitur fingere ali<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1596"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quid volunt, formam eius primùm viſam <lb></lb>mente, quaſi memoria concipere debent, in<lb></lb>de typum quendam ſeorſum delineare ſub<lb></lb>tilius, pòſt præſente eo quod fingis ſingula <lb></lb>animaduertendo ad amuſſim perficere: latet <lb></lb>enim in vnoquoque partium quædam ſym<lb></lb>metria, quam ſi non mente comceperis, <lb></lb>oculorum verò præſidio tantum innixus <lb></lb>tentes exprimere, operam luſeris. </s> <s id="s.011457">Neque <lb></lb>dimidium velut latus quoddam finges ne<lb></lb>mo enim ſic inſpicit hominem, ſed paulu<lb></lb>lum deflexo capite inter vtrunque ſitum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011458">Vnde etiam fit, vt ob hoc media facies <lb></lb>facilius, quàm tota repræſentetur: nam <lb></lb>quum media plures ( quemadmodum di<lb></lb>ctum eſt <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> habeat ſitus, ideo illius forma in <lb></lb>quadam latitudine conſiſtit: tota verò in <lb></lb>vno quaſi puncto poſita eſſet ſumma qua<lb></lb>dam perfectione repræſentationis. </s> <s id="s.011459">Facilius <lb></lb>autem multò quod quantitatem habet aſ<lb></lb>ſequi, quàm rem diuiſionis expertem, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1597"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ ſolùm fermè cogitatione concipi poſ<lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.011460">Quum verò videantur tria repræſentandi <lb></lb>genera, primum quidem in ſuperficiebus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1598"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vocaturque pictura, alterum in corporibus <lb></lb>iam factis cælando, ſculpendoque, tertium <lb></lb>quod ipſa efficit corpora, vocaturque pla<lb></lb>ſtice, manifeſtum eſt picturam omnium ha<lb></lb>rum eſſe difficillimam, atque ideo nobiliſ<lb></lb>ſimam. </s> <s id="s.011461">Eius partes tres ſunt, delineatio, <lb></lb>vmbra atque color. </s> <s id="s.011462">Cùm enim in plano <lb></lb>corpora effingere cogatur, vmbrarum & de<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1599"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lineationum auxilio indiget: ob idque aliis <lb></lb>artibus, quæ in corporibus ipſis effigies ex<lb></lb>primunt, difficilior eſt. </s> <s id="s.011463">Albus <expan abbr="quidẽ">quidem</expan> color res <lb></lb>minores oſtendit, velut niger maiores. </s> <s id="s.011464">Argu<lb></lb>mento ſunt libri impreſſi, quorum atramen<lb></lb>tum, vt dilutius fuerit, eò literas minores <lb></lb>videri facit. </s> <s id="s.011465">Ob id quæcunque minima pin<lb></lb>gere volumus, albo pingimus, velut in tabel<lb></lb>la illuſtris viri Gulielmi Caulij præfecti <lb></lb>montium Allobrogum, apud quem multa <lb></lb>noua atque præclara vidimus, dum eſſe<lb></lb>mus Lugduni. </s> <s id="s.011466">Eſt enim vir eruditus, atque <lb></lb>humaniſſimus. </s> <s id="s.011467">Inter multa enim naturæ <lb></lb>monſtra, & hoc artis oſtendit, hyemem <lb></lb>ſcilicet in tabella depictam. </s> <s id="s.011468">Ibi dum fin<lb></lb>gitur eques inter montes procul, vt conſpi<lb></lb>ci vix omninò queat, albo pictus eſt, ſoler<lb></lb>ti artificis inuento, vt minor etiam videre<lb></lb>tur, quàm videri poſſet, & tamen videre<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.011469">Albus enim color luci ipſi propinquiſ<lb></lb>ſimus eſt, vt nulla illius pars, vt nec lucis <lb></lb>ipſius, latere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.011470">Nihil verò videtur abſ<lb></lb>que communibus ſenſilibus. </s> <s id="s.011471">Sic etiam co<lb></lb>loribus iuuatur ad fallendum, eſtque hæc <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1600"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tinctura potius quàm pictura. </s> <s id="s.011472">Sæpè enim <lb></lb>contingit, vt tigna vetuſta fuco inficiamus, <lb></lb>nouaque videantur. </s> <s id="s.011473">Id quia facillimum eſt, <lb></lb>& pro natura cuiuſque ligni variatur, nunc <lb></lb>prætermitto. </s> <s id="s.011474">Adiuuatur in vmbris ab obſcu<lb></lb>ritate, & parte quandoque plaſtici operis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011475">Quæ duo cùm in cœnaculo beati Saluato<lb></lb>ris, (ſic enim vulgari nomine apud Papien<lb></lb>ſes dicitur ) iuncta ſint, effecerunt vt nullibi <lb></lb>melius pictum columnarum theatrum pro <lb></lb>verò habeatur. </s> <s id="s.011476">Nam præter loci obſcurita<lb></lb>tem, & artificis miram induſtriam, fornix <lb></lb>medio picturæ non ficta, ita fallit oculos, vt <lb></lb>vel omnia picta, vel omnia fabricata exiſti<lb></lb>mare cogaris. </s> <s id="s.011477">Mirum ad quantam audaciam <lb></lb>ars hæc proceſſerit, vt tonitrua, voceſque <lb></lb>hominum, & mentis affectus, & ſucceſſus <lb></lb>temporum, & quæ pingi non poſſunt, imò <lb></lb>vix dici, exprimere conata ſit. </s> <s id="s.011478">Succeſſiones <lb></lb>itaque temporum & locorum ita inſtituit, <lb></lb>vt prima antè & maiora, & caduca, vt quaſi <lb></lb>vmbræ videantur. </s> <s id="s.011479">Exemplum: latrunculo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1601"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rum ludus poſtquam proceſſerit pingendus <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.011480">Inanes locos quos primò latrunculi re<lb></lb>liquerunt facies, quoniam peritis ſatis con<lb></lb>ſtat ab initio latrunculum ibi fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.011481">Eos qui <lb></lb>ſemel tantùm proceſſerunt, efficacibus colo<lb></lb>ribus pinges, non ſecus ac immotos, eò ta<lb></lb>men minores, quò magis proceſſerint: con<lb></lb>trà, aduerſæ partis eò maiores. </s> <s id="s.011482">Quòd ſi iam <lb></lb>bis proceſſerit latrunculus, quò propior eſt, <lb></lb>eò paulò maior, ſed primi proceſſus figura <lb></lb>dilutior, ac quaſi obſoleta, locus quem iam <lb></lb>vltimò poſſidet figuram coloribus integram <lb></lb>oſtendet. </s> <s id="s.011483">Agedum ter latrunculus aliquis <lb></lb>proceſſerit, primo quidem loco vmbrati<lb></lb>lem deſcribes, ſecundo efficaciorem, tertio <lb></lb>abſolutam. </s> <s id="s.011484">Menſuram autem ab eo qui ſæ<lb></lb>pius locum mutarit accipito: ſit ille, qui <lb></lb>iam quinquies locum mutarit, extremo ab<lb></lb>ſoluetur latrunculus, pingeturque efficacibus <lb></lb>coloribus, non ſecus, ac ſi nunquam motus <lb></lb>eſſet. </s> <s id="s.011485">Penultimo fatiſcet, & quaſi vetus iam <lb></lb>ſit pictura, pingendus erit. </s> <s id="s.011486">Tertio loco iam <lb></lb>obſoletus, qui tamen integer videri poſſit, <lb></lb>reliquiis adhuc colorum extantibus. </s> <s id="s.011487">In ſe<lb></lb>cundo loco effigiem vmbræ latrunculi habe<lb></lb>bunt nullis coloribus fultam, ſed tamen in<lb></lb>tegram. </s> <s id="s.011488">Primo autem loco veſtigia vmbræ <lb></lb>tantùm erunt, & figuræ partes mutilæ qua<lb></lb>ſi exciderint, ita tamen vt dignoſci forma <lb></lb>latrunculi poſſit, menteſque aſſequi illum <lb></lb>quandoque licet iampridem ibi fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.011489">Ita <lb></lb>reliquorum ab vltimis ſucceſſionibus, non <lb></lb>primis imitatio ſumenda erit. </s> <s id="s.011490">Itaque facilè <lb></lb>fuerit, vbi locorum non magna eſt differen<lb></lb>tia, tum etiam auxilio diſtinctionis partium <lb></lb>vt quæ antè proceſſerint, in limite quaſi ex<lb></lb>tremo ponantur, ſucceſſionem exprimere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011491">Similiter & inceſſum hominum atque ani<lb></lb>malium faciei aſpectus oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.011492">At ſi loci <lb></lb>longinquitas temporis ſucceſſioni repugnet, <lb></lb>plerique pictores dum non ſolùm magnitu<lb></lb>dinem, ſed & colorem auferunt, ſucceſſionis <lb></lb>imaginem tollunt. </s> <s id="s.011493">Ob id igitur non vt illi <lb></lb>locum primum imagine magna, & ob pro<lb></lb>pinquitatem expreſſa, procul autem parua, & <lb></lb>vmbratili temporis ſucceſſum auferendo, ſed <lb></lb>propè magnam quidem, ſed velut vmbram <lb></lb>prorſus, vt quæ quod fuerit, non quod ſit re<lb></lb>præſentet, procul autem paruam quidem <lb></lb>pro diſtantiæ magnitudine, & deliteſcen<lb></lb>tem, non tamen adeò vt primam, nec cu<lb></lb>ius pars quaſi caduca ſit, depingemus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011494"><margin.target id="marg1595"></margin.target>Mediam fa<lb></lb>ciem fingere <lb></lb>facilius <lb></lb>quàm <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011495"><margin.target id="marg1596"></margin.target>Pingendi, <lb></lb>cælandi, & <lb></lb>ſculpendi <lb></lb>commune <lb></lb>præceptum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011496"><margin.target id="marg1597"></margin.target>Picturæ par<lb></lb>tes tres.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011497"><margin.target id="marg1598"></margin.target>Color albus <lb></lb>res facit vi<lb></lb>deri mino<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011498"><margin.target id="marg1599"></margin.target>Gulielmi <lb></lb>Caulij Galli <lb></lb>laus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011499"><margin.target id="marg1600"></margin.target>Cœnaculum <lb></lb>beati Salua<lb></lb>toris Papiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011500"><margin.target id="marg1601"></margin.target>Succeſſiones <lb></lb>temporum <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>pingantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011501">Quod verò hoc etiam eſt admirabilius, & <lb></lb>miraculo propius, eſt faciem quaquaverſum <lb></lb>( quod nos aliquando vidimus ) reſpicien<lb></lb>tem pingere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011502">Sed de his iam ſuperius multa diximus, <lb></lb>ad cælandi ſculpendique præcepta tranſeun<lb></lb>dum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011503">Sculpere dico, quum prominere imagines <lb></lb>facimus, vt in ſtatuis ac nummis, qui Prin-<pb pagenum="611" xlink:href="016/01/258.jpg"></pb>cipum effigies referunt. </s> <s id="s.011504">Cælare, quum <lb></lb>excauamus velut in gemmarum ſigillis at<lb></lb>que aliis, quæ ceram comprimendo imagi<lb></lb>nes exprimunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1602"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011505"><margin.target id="marg1602"></margin.target>Cælare <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb>ſculpure <lb></lb>difficilius.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011506">Difficilius eſt hoc non parum, quàm ſcul<lb></lb>pere. </s> <s id="s.011507">Nam qui ſculpunt, quod vident agunt: <lb></lb>qui cælant, aliud vident, aliud agunt: & <lb></lb>dum vident, non agunt: dum agunt, non <lb></lb>vident. </s> <s id="s.011508">Similiter neque mente concipere <lb></lb>poſſunt quid facturi ſint dum cælant, vt qui <lb></lb>ſculpunt: ignota enim eſt tum natura, tum <lb></lb>vſu cauitas illa. </s> <s id="s.011509">Et ſi dum auges in cera <lb></lb>quod prominere debet, paululum aberraue<lb></lb>ris, in gemma cauitate aucta errorem effi<lb></lb>cies, qui non niſi toto ſubuerſo opere po<lb></lb>teris emendari. </s> <s id="s.011510">At in ſculptura, opereque <lb></lb>toreumatico primum facilius eſt non ni<lb></lb>mis adimere, ſed relinquere, quàm cælan<lb></lb>do non implere: deinde ſi etiam nimio plus <lb></lb>adimas, facilius in opere exuberante, quàm <lb></lb>cauo totum opus reſtaurare atque commo<lb></lb>dius. </s> <s id="s.011511">Cælando quoque dextra ſiniſtris, ſini<lb></lb>ſtra dextris referuntur, quod difficillimum <lb></lb>eſt in hoc opere, dum totam effigiem cæ<lb></lb>lare volumus, cùm in ſculptura, dextra re<lb></lb>maneant dextra, ac ſiniſtra, ſiniſtra. </s> <s id="s.011512">Ob tot <lb></lb>cauſas longè difficilius eſt cælare, quàm ſcul<lb></lb>pere. </s> <s id="s.011513">Difficillimum verò ac ſingularis exem<lb></lb>pli opus faciem totam cælare, atque id etiam <arrow.to.target n="marg1603"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>magis in parua gemma. </s> <s id="s.011514">Eam ob cauſam <lb></lb>imagines meas multis in gemmis cælatas, <lb></lb>chryſolitho, hyacintho, atque aliis, cum no<lb></lb>mine ac prænomine dimidium faciei, aut <lb></lb>certè ſeſquidimidium repræſentare feci. </s> <s id="s.011515">Seſ<lb></lb>quidimidium qui pingunt aut cælant, ſcul<lb></lb>punt, aut formant, alterius oculi partem ad<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1604"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iungunt. </s> <s id="s.011516">Hic modus ad confuſam quandam <lb></lb>hominis <expan abbr="cognitionẽ">cognitionem</expan> faciliorem præſtantior <lb></lb>eſt eo, qui dimidiam faciem ſolùm refert: ſed <lb></lb>tantò inferior exquiſita repræſentatione, <lb></lb>quantò melior facillitate cognoſcendi. </s> <s id="s.011517">Nam <lb></lb>in medio facie, & næui, & rugæ, & lineæ <lb></lb>etiam, ac puncta, ac quicquid à latere illo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1605"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt exprimere ad vnguem licet: in ſeſquime<lb></lb>dia exquiſitè non licet, quoniam ſecun<lb></lb>dum nullum aſpectum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011518">Plaſticè verò <lb></lb>pura omnium eſt difficillima præter pi<lb></lb>cturam: nec tamen illa inferior, niſi à <lb></lb>ſcultura iuuetur. </s> <s id="s.011519">Nam quicquid difficultatis <lb></lb>habet qui cælat, id totum, & præter id & <lb></lb>materiæ diſpoſitionem, & ſcientiam tem<lb></lb>peramenti ignis, & multorum caſuum pe<lb></lb>riculum, imò innumerabilium, qui fingit, <lb></lb>habet. </s> <s id="s.011520">Ex cælatis enim prius figuris fingun<lb></lb>tur humore infuſo ſtatuæ. </s> <s id="s.011521">Quamobrem qui <lb></lb>non rectè celauerit, quomodo rectè finget? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011522">Refert Munſterus, in Vormacia quinque eſ<lb></lb>ſe columnas plaſtici operis mirifici. </s> <s id="s.011523">Hoc vo<lb></lb>lui adieciſſe, quoniam ſi non decipitur, <lb></lb>ſcribendo fictas pro ſculptis, egregiæ artis <lb></lb>non leue hoc argumentum eſt, laudiſque <lb></lb>artificis. </s> <s id="s.011524">Siquidem plaſtica inuentio in ma<lb></lb>ximis operibus, & in minimis parem fermè <lb></lb>atque maximam habet difficultatem: ſed ta<lb></lb>men adhuc longè maiorem in maximis <lb></lb>quàm minimis. </s> <s id="s.011525">In mediocribus verò longè <lb></lb>minorem, adeò vt facilia dici poſſint. </s> <s id="s.011526">Non <lb></lb>paucos vidimus qui cùm ſe egregios exiſti<lb></lb>marent artifices, quòd ſibi in mediocris <lb></lb>magnitudine ſtatuis placuiſſent, dum im<lb></lb>menſas cogitant, ſuæ inſcitiæ & diſcrimi<lb></lb>nis operum his relictis imperfectis exem<lb></lb>plum dederunt. </s> <s id="s.011527">Quid modò exiſtimas futu<lb></lb>rum, ſi magno operi ſubtilis delineationum, <lb></lb>& particularum expreſſio adiungatur? </s> <s id="s.011528">non<lb></lb>ne hoc opus propè vltra humanitatis vires <lb></lb>ac ſolertiæ exempla accedet? </s> <s id="s.011529">Itaque quin<lb></lb>que columnarum, ſi modò, ( vt dixi ) pla<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1606"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtici ſint operis, non alterius, non abs re me<lb></lb>mini. </s> <s id="s.011530">In minimis verò non tantum indu<lb></lb>ſtriæ, modò materia admodum tenuis non <lb></lb>deſit. </s> <s id="s.011531">Olim ars erat qua maximæ columnæ, <lb></lb>tum coloſſi aliaque eiuſcemodi fabricaren<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="s.011532">Memini me Lugduni legiſſe librum <lb></lb>Græcè ſcriptum, qui docebat Rhodios ma<lb></lb>xima opera hac induſtria conſtruxiſſe. </s> <s id="s.011533">Re<lb></lb>ferunt etiam quatuor illas prægrandes co<lb></lb>lumnas quibus templi Athenæi pinnaculum <lb></lb>Lugduni ſuſtinetur, ex hoc genere eſſe. </s> <s id="s.011534">Et <lb></lb>certè ſunt cruſtatæ. </s> <s id="s.011535">Artem hanc quidam <lb></lb>fuiſſe perhibent, vt ex ſpuma ferri & lapi<lb></lb>dibus duriſſimis, qui in fundo fluuiorum in<lb></lb>ueniuntur, tum marmore duriore in polli<lb></lb>nem redactis, & oui candido, formentur <lb></lb>opere plaſtico columnæ & vaſa, ſepeliantur<lb></lb>que in multos annos. </s> <s id="s.011536">Exiſtimo artis eſſe, vt <lb></lb>diu tundantur, & vt perfectè in tenuiſſimum <lb></lb>puluerem redacta ſint. </s> <s id="s.011537">Quæ verò ignè exa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1607"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctius formantur, ſunt gypſum ac ſulphur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011538">Sine igne etiam ex charta alba natura aquæ <lb></lb>immiſta, opera fiunt pulchra, ſed parui pre<lb></lb>cij. </s> <s id="s.011539">At ex calce & lapidibus ſuis ſubtiliſſi<lb></lb>mè tritis, genus cæmenti fit <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Stuchum vo<lb></lb>cant noſtri ) quod in lapidis marmorei can<lb></lb>dorem, ac duritiem concreſcit. </s> <s id="s.011540">Cuiuſvis pre<lb></lb>ti ( capax hæc materia fingendi arte: nam <lb></lb>nemora & venationes adeò tenuiter fin<lb></lb>gunt, tum alia quæque, vt etiam additis <lb></lb>coloribus talentorum magnorum præmia <lb></lb>meretur. </s> <s id="s.011541">Quiſdam eoſdem lapides recenti <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1608"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſanguine bouino ſubigunt. </s> <s id="s.011542">Eſcreſcit his to<lb></lb>phus ad eam duritiem, vt nihilo à natiuo <lb></lb>lapide differat quiſque eius cuius fruſtis tri<lb></lb>tis confectus fuerit. </s> <s id="s.011543">Vidimus hæc omnia. </s> <s id="s.011544">Sed <lb></lb>nihil mirabilius quàm cum mortuos, aut <lb></lb>etiam viuentes ſuperfuſo gypſo frigido ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1609"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>men ita cælamus, vt oleo illito atque gyp<lb></lb>ſo, vel charta, aut ſulphure, ſic hominem <lb></lb>fingimus, vt nulla in partè præterquàm co<lb></lb>lore, & quòd non ſpiret, imago ab homine <lb></lb>ipſo differat. </s> <s id="s.011545">Qui verò rem hanc diligentius <lb></lb>curant, deraſam barbam, detonſoſque capil<lb></lb>los à mortuo imagini agglutinant, inde ad<lb></lb>iecto colore viuam imaginem efficiunt. </s> <s id="s.011546">Hu<lb></lb>iuſcemodi vidi dum in Gallia diuerſarer, nu<lb></lb>per mortui Franciſci primi Gallorum regis, <lb></lb>in domo ſplendidiſſimi Cardinalis Turno<lb></lb>nenſis. </s> <s id="s.011547">Nihil enim ſimilius ars homini fa<lb></lb>cere potuit ea imagine: nec nix viui. </s> <s id="s.011548">Porrò <lb></lb>ea delata fuerat in funere. </s> <s id="s.011549">Inuentus præte<lb></lb>rea eſt è magnis imaginibus in paruas breui <lb></lb>tempore traducendi modus. </s> <s id="s.011550">Quis? </s> <s id="s.011551">niſi vt ex<lb></lb>cepta à typo ſe contrahat ſtatim dum ſicca<lb></lb>tur Hæc efficere poteſt quòd humidum eſt, <lb></lb>ac molle, tenuiumque partium, quod ta<lb></lb>men dum ſiccatur, ſtringitur. </s> <s id="s.011552">Medulla igi<lb></lb>tur panis calidi dum pingitur, in paſtam de<lb></lb>nuò redit. </s> <s id="s.011553">Hac excipiuntur imagines, & ſic<lb></lb>cantur, inde ſuperfuſo gypſo atque ſiccato <lb></lb>ſenſim in minorem formam tranſit. </s> <s id="s.011554">Fit <pb pagenum="612" xlink:href="016/01/259.jpg"></pb>etiam beneficio tenuium linteorum, quæ vt <lb></lb>amota fuerint ab imagine, & ſtatim ſe con<lb></lb>trahunt. </s> <s id="s.011555">Et per conos ductiles. </s> <s id="s.011556">Præterea in <lb></lb>picturis, ac ſtatuis. </s> <s id="s.011557">& ectypis rationem aſ<lb></lb>pectus ſeruari dicet: ſi quis fructum artis <lb></lb>percipere velit: nam picturæ aliæ è regione, <lb></lb>aliæ à latere, aliæ ex editiore, nonnullæ lon<lb></lb>gius perſpiciendæ ſunt: ſtatuæ in luce ex <lb></lb>obſcuro loco: minuta alia quæque in obſcu<lb></lb>ro ex luce, ne fatiſcant. </s> <s id="s.011558">Similiter & colo<lb></lb>res viuidiores in obſcuro apparent. </s> <s id="s.011559">Vnde <lb></lb>mos ille obducendi velum tabernis vena<lb></lb>lium pannorum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011560"><margin.target id="marg1603"></margin.target>Mediæ & <lb></lb>ſeſquidimi<lb></lb>diæ repræſen<lb></lb>tationis diſ<lb></lb>crimen.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011561"><margin.target id="marg1604"></margin.target>Plaſtice dif<lb></lb>ficilior <expan abbr="celã-di">celan<lb></lb>di</expan>, & ſcul<lb></lb>pendi ratio<lb></lb>ne.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011562"><margin.target id="marg1605"></margin.target>Columnæ <lb></lb>quinque pla<lb></lb>ſtici operis in <lb></lb>Vormacta <lb></lb>mirifici.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011563"><margin.target id="marg1606"></margin.target>Plaſtica mi<lb></lb>rabilis anti<lb></lb>qua fabri<lb></lb>candi im<lb></lb>menſa opera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011564"><margin.target id="marg1607"></margin.target>Stuchorum <lb></lb>genera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011565"><margin.target id="marg1608"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>homines ad <lb></lb>viuum, vt <lb></lb>dici ſolet fin<lb></lb>gantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011566"><margin.target id="marg1609"></margin.target>Franciſci <lb></lb>Gallorum <lb></lb>regis imago. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011567">Cardinalis <lb></lb>de Turno. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011568">Quomodo <lb></lb>imagines ex <lb></lb>magnis in <lb></lb>paruas breui <lb></lb>temporis ſpa<lb></lb>tio redigan<lb></lb>tur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011569">Artes nobi<lb></lb>liores latere, <lb></lb>& quænam <lb></lb>ſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011570">Et quanquam hæc per ſe magnæ ſubtili<lb></lb>tatis exempla ſint, pleræque tamen nobilio<lb></lb>rum artium fermè latent, tum ob rerum pro<lb></lb>prietates ignotas adhuc tum quia ſubtilio<lb></lb>ri inuentione indigent. </s> <s id="s.011571">Sunt autem quæ la<lb></lb>tent: vt, vitri tenacis faciendi ratio: the<lb></lb>ſaurorum inuentio: ſtridorem dandi aëri, ab <lb></lb>albo plumbo auferendi: effodiendi vnde<lb></lb>quaque vtiles res tranſmutandi colores: <lb></lb>perfecta ratio permutandi corruptum <expan abbr="vinũ">vinum</expan> <lb></lb>in acetum, quæ inuenta mea ætate, mea <lb></lb>etiam ætate periit, tametſi multa non inu<lb></lb>tilia ſuprà tradiderimus: dignoſcendi rerum <lb></lb>proprias vires: ars proferendæ in longum <lb></lb>vitæ, de qua ſuprà diximus: materiam face<lb></lb>re quæ machinarum <expan abbr="ignearũ">ignearum</expan> vi reſiſtat: vo<lb></lb>landi inuentum, quod nuper tentatum à <lb></lb>duobus illis peſſimè ceſſit. </s> <s id="s.011572">Vincius, de quo <lb></lb>ſuprà diximus, tentauit, & fruſtrà: hic pictor <lb></lb>fuit egregius. </s> <s id="s.011573">Super omnia Tirydatis ma<lb></lb>gia, ob quàm à Nerone ingenti pecunia, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1610"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Armeniæ regno donatus eſt, dum ea docet, <lb></lb>facere, quæ fieri nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.011574">Veruntamen & <lb></lb>horum quæ diu latuerunt quædam inuenta <lb></lb>ſunt, vt horologia abſque fune. </s> <s id="s.011575">Stant pro <lb></lb>fune rotæ, in quibuſdam molæ ſuperpoſitæ, <lb></lb>limaci figura, denticulis 26. quibuſdam <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>pluribus: ab his denticulatus axis qui totam <lb></lb>agit machinam, circumagitur. </s> <s id="s.011576">In altero rota <lb></lb>eſt 48. denticulis in imo diſpoſitis, alterique <lb></lb>rotæ implexis, vt cum molæ nixu quæ in <lb></lb>imo eſt circumuertitur, alia totidem denti<lb></lb>bus implexa etiam circumuoluta totam ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1611"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>chinam ſecum ducat. </s> <s id="s.011577">Simili ratione inuen<lb></lb>tum eſt, vt Cæſaris ſedes ita diſponeretur, <lb></lb>vt quocunque ſitu conſtituatur, ille immobi<lb></lb>lis, ac commodè dum vehitur ſedeat. </s> <s id="s.011578">Hoc <lb></lb>tractum ex armillarum ratione: cùm enim <lb></lb>circuli tres chalybei conſtituentur, polis <lb></lb>ſurſum deorſum, antè, retro, dextra ac ſini<lb></lb>ſtra mobilibus, cùm plures non poſſint eſſe <lb></lb>ſitus, neceſſe eſt ipſum in eſſedo quomodo<lb></lb>cunque agatur quieſcere perpetuò. </s> <s id="s.011579">Habet <lb></lb>hoc aliquid non abſimile lucernis, à quorum <lb></lb>exemplo ducta eſt ratio: circumuolutæ enim <lb></lb>tametſi patulæ, oleum <expan abbr="nequaquã">nequaquam</expan> effundunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011580">Nuper etiam quidam machinam illam <lb></lb>mundi vniuerſalem olim à Gulielmo Zelan<lb></lb>dino fabricatam atque diſſolutam, in tene<lb></lb>briſque per incuriam <expan abbr="marceſcẽtem">marceſcentem</expan>, cùm ego <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1612"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quodam bono fato ad inſtaurandum bonas <lb></lb>artes etiam obiter non minus quàm ex in<lb></lb>duſtria natus, in lucem reuocaſſem, in inte<lb></lb>grum reſtituit. </s> <s id="s.011581">Cuius exemplo aliam Caro<lb></lb>lo quinto Cæſari, ita conſtruxit, vt in ea & <lb></lb>temporum momenta, & partes ſignorum <lb></lb>ſingulas videas, & octaui orbis tardiſſimum <lb></lb>motum intuearis. </s> <s id="s.011582">Diuiſiones quoque orbis <lb></lb>ſignorum varias, quas domos vocant, ho<lb></lb>raſque æquales, & inęquales, & quod maius <lb></lb>eſt, vniuerſi orbis partibus inſeruientes, vt <lb></lb>hæc verè machina orbem vniuerſum refe<lb></lb>rat, in ea inſpicere licet. </s> <s id="s.011583">Omitto progreſſus, <lb></lb>regreſſuſque ſingulorum errantium ſyde<lb></lb>rum, latitudines, altitudineſque aliaque in<lb></lb>numera, vt prorſus res non minus fama <lb></lb>quam fide maior ſit. </s> <s id="s.011584">Referunt Sabor regem <lb></lb>Perſarum huiuſcemodi machinam tam <expan abbr="grã-de">gran<lb></lb>de</expan> è vitro conſtrui feciſſe, vt in eius centro <lb></lb>ſederet tanquam in terræ ſpærula, ſpectan<lb></lb>tem ſub pedibus etiam aſtra, exorientiaque <lb></lb>ac occidentia ſydera, vt ſic mortalis cùm <lb></lb>eſſet, ſupra tamen omnem mortalitatis fa<lb></lb>ſtum & expectationem eſſe videretur. </s> <s id="s.011585">Et <lb></lb>certè quid maius & diuinius ſub hominis <lb></lb>ſenſibus cadere poteſt, etiam Regi vniuerſum <lb></lb>orbem terrarum poſſidenti, quam quòd poſt<lb></lb>quam terras, & materia poſſidet, etiam cœ<lb></lb>lum & aſtra, Dei domicilium habere videa<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="s.011586">Talia recitantem Honoratus Ianius <lb></lb>Valentinus, Principis illuſtriſſimi Hiſpania<lb></lb>rum Philippi pręceptor, in literis humanio<lb></lb>ribus vir per quam doctus, & humaniſſimus, <lb></lb>excepit dicens: Machina hæc olim vitro, vt <lb></lb>rectè dixiſti, non vt nunc metallo fieri ſolita <lb></lb>erat: cuius teſtis Claudianus eſt pręter <lb></lb>etiam Ciceronis autoritatem. </s> <s id="s.011587">Sed libet, in<lb></lb>quit, ipſius carmina recitare, dubij cuiuſdam <lb></lb>cauſa. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Iupiter in paruo cùm cerneret æthera vitro, <lb></lb>Riſit, & ad ſuperos talia dicta dedit: <lb></lb>Huccine mortalis progreſſa potentia curæ? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011588">Iam meus in fragili luditur orbe labor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011589">Iura poli, rerumque fidem legeſque deorum, <lb></lb>Ecce Syracuſius tranſtulit arte ſenex. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011590">Incluſus variis famulatur ſpiritus aſtris, <lb></lb>Et vinum certis motibus vrget opus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011591">Percurrit proprium mentitus ſignifer annum, <lb></lb>Et ſimulata nouo Cynthia menſe redit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011592">Iamque ſuum voluens audax induſtria mundum, <lb></lb>Gaudet, & humana ſydera mente regit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011593">Quid falſo inſontem tonitru Salmonea miror? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011594">Æmula naturæ parua reperta manus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011595"><margin.target id="marg1610"></margin.target>Horoligia <lb></lb>abſque fune.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011596"><margin.target id="marg1611"></margin.target>Sedes mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011597"><margin.target id="marg1612"></margin.target>Gulielmus <lb></lb>Zelandinus <lb></lb>autor ſphæræ <lb></lb>cœleſtis, mi<lb></lb>rabilis arti<lb></lb>ficiis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011598">Quæro, inquit, quonam modo ſpiritu in<lb></lb>cluſo ea moles tam variis motibus circum<lb></lb>uolui potuit, vt Claudianus refert? </s> <s id="s.011599">Deinde, <lb></lb>cur ex vitro olim, nunc autem ex metallo? <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1613"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Tum ego: Cauſa cur ex vitro olim fieret <lb></lb>machina cœleſtis orbis, erat, quoniam cùm <lb></lb>eſſet æmula verè cœli, includebantur mino<lb></lb>res maioribus: quamobrem qui intus erant, <lb></lb>& ſydera ſpectari non potuiſſent, niſi om<lb></lb>nes ex materia perſpicua conflati fuiſſent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011600">Itaque qui nunc has moles faciunt, vitri fra<lb></lb>gilitatem verentes, coguntur non naturalem <lb></lb>mundi machinam æmulari, orbem orbi cir<lb></lb>cumponendo, quoniam cùm ex metallo ſint, <lb></lb>videri non poſſent: ſed quot ſunt orbes, tot <lb></lb>efficiunt tabulas, aut ſaltem ſenas, Solis or<lb></lb>bem Veneris orbi immiſcentis, in circui<lb></lb>tumque compaginant, vt quod eſt rorarum, <lb></lb>ponderum, molarum, curruum, denticulo<lb></lb>rum, nolarum, virgarum, funium, atque <lb></lb>aliorum inſtrumentorum, lateat intus: <pb pagenum="613" xlink:href="016/01/260.jpg"></pb>quanquam neque pondera, nec funes arti<lb></lb>fex noſter miſcuerit, ſed omnia ferro, denti<lb></lb>culiſque miro conſtruxit artificio: ipſi verò <lb></lb>errones è tabulis cum quibuſdam circulis <lb></lb>prominentes abſque impedimento ſpectari <lb></lb>poſſent. </s> <s id="s.011601">Ex quo manifeſtum eſt, antiquam <lb></lb>ſtructuram longè hac noſtra nobiliorem eſ<lb></lb>ſe, ac pulchriorem, noſtram verò diuturnio<lb></lb>rem. </s> <s id="s.011602">Quòd ſi ex materia dura ac perſpicua <lb></lb>fierent, quemadmodum diximus ſuperius de <lb></lb>Chryſtallo cui argentum ſit immiſtum, <lb></lb>tunc & naturali rotundæ formæ, & conſtru<lb></lb>ctioni orbium qua vnus alteri includitur, & <lb></lb>perſpicuitati ac pulchritudini cum diutur<lb></lb>nitate conſultum eſſet. </s> <s id="s.011603">Itaque iam de vitro <lb></lb>habes rationem: non enim facilè erat, tunc <lb></lb>maximè, ex alia materia hanc machinam <lb></lb>perſpicuam facere niſi ex vitro, præſertim <lb></lb>quòd tunc longè maiores fierent, quàm <lb></lb>quæ ex metallo nunc moles illæ. </s> <s id="s.011604">Atque ex <lb></lb>his iam patet, quòd machinæ tales ponde<lb></lb>ribus non agebantur: nam includi vix po<lb></lb>terant, & incluſa motum perennem non <lb></lb>habuiſſent, & operis pulchritudinem fœdaſ<lb></lb>ſent: externis verò motis orbibus ex vno <lb></lb>latere tantùm, vim vitro grauem attuliſſent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011605">Quamobrem facilius fuit hoc Archimedi <lb></lb>ſpiritu agere, tum maximè quòd orbibus <lb></lb>vnum tantùm motum addiderat, omneſque <lb></lb>circa idem centrum collocabat, vt Calippus <lb></lb>& Eudoxus, ipſam verò terram exiguam <lb></lb>ſphærulam multiplici motu agitabat in me<lb></lb>dio neſcio quibus artificiis. </s> <s id="s.011606">Nam ſic Archi<lb></lb>medes exiſtimauit orbis partes ſe habere, vt <lb></lb>in libello de Arenæ numero manifeſtè te<lb></lb>ſtatur. </s> <s id="s.011607">Quam opinionem ſequutus eſt. </s> <s id="s.011608">Nico<lb></lb>laus Copernicus ætate noſtra. </s> <s id="s.011609">An verò ad <lb></lb>vnguem, non ſatis conſtat, cùm incertum <lb></lb>ſit, an Archimedes lunæ orbes, vt Coperni<lb></lb>cus, cum elementis ipſis circumuolui vo<lb></lb>luerit. </s> <s id="s.011610">Manifeſtum eſt igitur duabus de cau<lb></lb>ſis, Archimedi facilius fuiſſe molem hanc <lb></lb>vitream facere, ac ſpiritu abſque nixu alio <lb></lb>agitare, quàm noſtris temporibus ab his qui <lb></lb>placita Ptolomæi ſequuntur. </s> <s id="s.011611">Sed quòd hæc <lb></lb>machina ſpiritu agi potuerit, magna ad<lb></lb>miratione haud dignum exiſtimo, conſide<lb></lb>rantibus nobis quanta vi globulos expellant <lb></lb>machinæ illæ quæ in Germania fiunt, cùm <lb></lb>tamen aëris impetu ſolum id agant. </s> <s id="s.011612">Aliter <lb></lb>forſan per ſpiritum Claudianus intellexit <lb></lb>vim abditam molis, de quibus in initio <lb></lb>huius operis diximus. </s> <s id="s.011613">Abſconditis enim ex <lb></lb>arte vinculis, ſeu ( vt nuper diximus ) ro<lb></lb>tarum cum denticulis auxilio fretus, machi<lb></lb>na ſpontè ac ſpiritu quodam moueri pote<lb></lb>rat videri. </s> <s id="s.011614">Nec verò de motu tantùm quo <lb></lb>aſtra ab Oriente in Occidentem feruntur <lb></lb>intelligi debet, nam Cicero hæc habet: <lb></lb>Quòd ſi ad barbaros veluti Scythas ſphæ<lb></lb>ram aliquis tulerit hanc, quam nuper fami<lb></lb>liaris noſter effecit Poſſidonius, cuius ſingulę <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1614"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>conuerſiones idem efficiunt in Sole & in <lb></lb>Luna, & in quinque ſtellis errantibus, quod <lb></lb>efficitur in cœlo ſingulis diebus ac noctibus, <lb></lb>qui ea barbarie dubitet quin ea ſphæra ſit <lb></lb>perfecta ratione? </s> <s id="s.011615">Hi autem dubitant de <lb></lb>mundo, ex quo oriuntur omnia ac fiunt, <lb></lb>caſu ne ipſe ſit effectus, an neceſſitate ali<lb></lb>qua, an ratione, an mente diuina. </s> <s id="s.011616">Et Archi<lb></lb>medem arbitrantur plus valuiſſe in imitan<lb></lb>dis ſphære conuerſionibus, quàm naturam <lb></lb>in efficiendis, præſertim cùm multis parti<lb></lb>bus ſint illa perfecta, quàm hæc ſimulata ſo<lb></lb>lertius. </s> <s id="s.011617">Manifeſtum eſt ex his verbis, non ſo<lb></lb>lùm Archimedem ante Ciceronem, ſed ip<lb></lb>ſius Ciceronis ætate Poſſidonium imitatum <lb></lb>eſſe motus omnes aſtrorum machina illa, <lb></lb>globoue orbem referent. </s> <s id="s.011618">Itaque ſic Clau<lb></lb>dianum exponere liceat, vt vim illam quæ <lb></lb>vinculis molarum ac nixu continebatur, la<lb></lb>tentem ac ſi non eſſet prætermiſſam, effi<lb></lb>giem ſpontè ſe agentis machinæ, ac proprio <lb></lb>ſpiritu mouentis ſemet, vt non pro ſpiritu <lb></lb>aërem, ſed animam ipſam interpretemur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011619">Nuper amicus noſter artem inuenit nitorem <lb></lb>addendi auro ducto. </s> <s id="s.011620">Idem reperit modum, <lb></lb>quo aurum ſerico intermiſtum nere liceret <lb></lb>firmo opere: antea enim facilè ob inæquali<lb></lb>tatem diſſoluebatur textura. </s> <s id="s.011621">Primo inuento <lb></lb>cum paucis diebus operi vacaret, quęſtum <lb></lb>annuum quinquaginta aureorum coronato<lb></lb>rum faciebat: ſecundo ducentorum. </s> <s id="s.011622">Affir<lb></lb>mabat ſi poliendi auri negociatio toto anno <lb></lb>perducaret, ad mille aureos coronatos lu<lb></lb>crum acceſſurum. </s> <s id="s.011623">Ita in magnis parua, in <lb></lb>paruis magna induſtria hominem alit, talia <lb></lb>autem innumera. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011624"><margin.target id="marg1613"></margin.target>Honoratue <lb></lb>Ianius <expan abbr="Valẽ-tinus">Valen<lb></lb>tinus</expan> Prin<lb></lb>cipis Hiſpa<lb></lb>niarum præ<lb></lb>ceptor.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011625"><margin.target id="marg1614"></margin.target>2.de natura <lb></lb>deorum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011626">Sunt etiam ſubtilitatis proprię artifici, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1615"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non arti, exempla: vt Ilias Homeri mem<lb></lb>brana inſcripta, quæ nucis cortice contine<lb></lb>batur: Nauis eburnea, quam apicula pinnis <lb></lb>abſconderet. </s> <s id="s.011627">Propè miraculum accedit ſta<lb></lb>tua Memnonis, quæ oriente Sole quoties <lb></lb>illuſtraretur, <expan abbr="ſonitũ">ſonitum</expan> <expan abbr="magnũ">magnum</expan> edebat. </s> <s id="s.011628">Nec fabu<lb></lb>loſa hiſtoria, cuius meminit grauis author <lb></lb>Cornelius Tacitus, & Strabo audiſſe illum <lb></lb>refert. </s> <s id="s.011629">Erat enim Thebis Ægypti, vbi Nilo <lb></lb>ſuperato locus eſt qui Syringa dicitur. </s> <s id="s.011630">Ipſius <lb></lb>ſtatuæ ſolum inferior medietas ſuperarat, <lb></lb>nam ſuperiorem vmbilico tenus olim Cam<lb></lb>byſes Perſarum rex ſuſtulerat: & tamen <expan abbr="tã-tula">tan<lb></lb>tula</expan> pars adhuc ſonum reddebat. </s> <s id="s.011631">Refert Pau<lb></lb>ſanias, qui illum vidit, audiuitque, ſonum il<lb></lb>lum ſimillimum fuiſſe lyræ fidibus cùm <expan abbr="frã-guntur">fran<lb></lb>guntur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.011632">Quadriga olim opus Myrmecidis <lb></lb>quam muſca integeret: aut Callicatridis ex <lb></lb>ipſo ebore formicæ, quarum partes aliis <lb></lb>oculis aſſequi nequirent. </s> <s id="s.011633">In Ægypto refert <lb></lb>Ioan. </s> <s id="s.011634">Leo factam publicis catenam. </s> <s id="s.011635">Miraris? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011636">in Germania facta eſt, Mediolanum delata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011637">Pulex egregius capillo vinctus, cui catena <lb></lb>annexa erat, paſcebatur. </s> <s id="s.011638">Hęc ne ſunt ſtulti<lb></lb>tiæ potius, an luxuriæ, an ſubtilitatis argu<lb></lb>menta? </s> <s id="s.011639">Noſtra quoque ætate caueæ è buxo <lb></lb>fabricantur, auellanæ magnitudine, cum aue <lb></lb>intus perfecta: quodque mirum magis eſt, in <lb></lb>horarum ſeptem ſpatio. </s> <s id="s.011640">Principi Vrbini & <lb></lb>hoc noſtra ætate contigit: dono datus eſt <lb></lb>annulus, qui indice exciperetur, gemmam <lb></lb>verò haberet in qua horologium <expan abbr="perfectũ">perfectum</expan>, <lb></lb>quodque præter lineam horas diſtinguen<lb></lb>tem vno ictu per ſingula horaria ſpatia ge<lb></lb>ſtante admoneret. </s> <s id="s.011641">Hęc tamen admirandę <lb></lb>ſubtilitatis opera, nec diuturna eſſe poſſunt, <lb></lb>nec vtilia, vt quę momentis ſingulis pręim<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1616"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pediantur, ſed ſolam pariunt admirationem <lb></lb>atque ideo artifici magis quàm emptori pro<lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011642">Vera enim tenuitas vt propriè cœleſtis <lb></lb>cuiuſdam naturę eſt argumentum, & miſtio-<pb pagenum="614" xlink:href="016/01/261.jpg"></pb>nem per partes ſingulas etiam minimas <lb></lb>oſtendit, ita quę ab arte pendet cum graci<lb></lb>litate iuncta omninò eſt inutilis. </s> <s id="s.011643">Verùm in <lb></lb>vnoquoque quod tenuiſſimum eſt poſſe, ac <lb></lb>ſcire ſegregare, diuinę cuiuſdam artis eſt <lb></lb>opus. </s> <s id="s.011644">Atque in hoc genere pręcellunt Indi, <lb></lb>qui pennis minoribus pſittacorum, tum aui<lb></lb>cularum quarundam, imagines quaſcunque, <lb></lb>ita ad viuum effingunt, vt neque repręſenta<lb></lb>tione, neque venuſtate, aut ſubtilitate pi<lb></lb>cturę cedant: ſplendore verò etiam vincant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011645">Opus diuturnum, & quod arundinibus non <lb></lb>digitis attexitur atque perficitur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011646"><margin.target id="marg1615"></margin.target>Artificum <lb></lb>exempla <lb></lb>ſubtilitatis <lb></lb>mira. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011647">Memnonis <lb></lb>ſtatas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011648"><margin.target id="marg1616"></margin.target>Opera parua <lb></lb>ſubtilia, fra<lb></lb>gilia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011649">Artes autem ſubtilitate præſtantes, ta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1617"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>metſi diuinæ non ſint, inueniuntur Inter has <lb></lb>quatuor toto genere ſunt clariores: Magia, <lb></lb>Notarum Occultandi, & Chymiſtica. </s> <s id="s.011650">Adii<lb></lb>ciamus & quædam harum exempla. </s> <s id="s.011651">Nota<lb></lb>rum ſit, veluti cùm ad te ingreditur. </s> <s id="s.011652">Sunt <lb></lb>autem notæ in timorum animi affectuum <lb></lb>verba oculorum motus, cauſa, locus tem<lb></lb>pus, animi mores, corporis habitus, ſpe<lb></lb>cies, ſocietas, conſcientia tua, potentia, oc<lb></lb>caſio, quam arripit. </s> <s id="s.011653">Hæc ſi rectè conſidera<lb></lb>bis, quid in animo habeat qui ad te venit, <lb></lb>facilè intelliges. </s> <s id="s.011654">Quandoque ex tribus tan<lb></lb>tùm diuinare licebit. </s> <s id="s.011655">Venit inimicus ad te, <lb></lb>celeri gradu, intentis oculis: abſque armis <lb></lb>ſenex, para linguam: ſi cum armis iuuenis, <lb></lb>para manus: hoc tantillo tamen licet ſerua<lb></lb>re vitam ac decus. </s> <s id="s.011656">Iam non eſt cur ſingula <lb></lb>diſcutiam. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1618"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011657"><margin.target id="marg1617"></margin.target>Quæ artes <lb></lb>ſubtilitate <lb></lb>præſtantes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011658"><margin.target id="marg1618"></margin.target>Tres modi <lb></lb>literas oc<lb></lb>cultandi, <lb></lb>tranſmutan<lb></lb>di, primus, <lb></lb>cum tribus <lb></lb>literis omnia <lb></lb>ſcribendo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011659">Sed ad occultandi rationem venio. </s> <s id="s.011660">Tri<lb></lb>plex hæc eſt: tranſmutandi, quæ in vſu, vt <lb></lb>de Cæſare olim Suetonius, velut ſi pro a, d, <lb></lb>pro b, n ſcribatur. </s> <s id="s.011661">Eſt autem infinitorum <lb></lb>generum. </s> <s id="s.011662">Secundus tranſlatione fit, atque <lb></lb>hic duplex. </s> <s id="s.011663">Primus, cum tribus literis ( gra<lb></lb>tia exempli <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> omnia ſcribimus, facilius au<lb></lb>tem addita aſpiratione, ne quid in his pror<lb></lb>ſus præter hanc ſit varietatis. </s> <s id="s.011664">Cb‘abb‘aacb‘ <lb></lb>acaccab‘bb‘ababbbaa cabbca‘abb‘abcbacab <lb></lb>bbb ‘acabbcbbabbabb ‘ab ‘b cba abbaac b <lb></lb>‘b ‘aac ababb bab cabcbbbac bbb ‘aa ac <lb></lb>aaabaa bbb ‘cacbabb ‘aba cababbaa‘ca‘abb <lb></lb>ca‘ cbabab. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011665">Alter tranſlationis modus eſt, vt deliteſ<arrow.to.target n="marg1619"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cant, in quibuſdam ſuſcipionis nota qua<lb></lb>dam, vt Laconica ſcytala, in aliis nulla pe<lb></lb>nitus relicta, qui modus eſt elegantiſſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011666">Nam membranas duas æquales accipies de<lb></lb>lineatas ad ſcribendum, atque in ipſis lineis <lb></lb>foramina ſparſim è regione in vtraque par<lb></lb>ua, ſed tamen pro elementorum magnitudi<lb></lb>ne ſeu altitudine facies. </s> <s id="s.011667">Quædam ſeptem, <lb></lb>quædam tria, quædam octo, vel decem ele<lb></lb>menta continebunt, vt omnia ſimul forami<lb></lb>na 120. elementa ſimul iunctis omnibus quę <lb></lb>inſcribi poſſunt contineant. </s> <s id="s.011668">Harum alte<lb></lb>ram dabis illi ad quem ſcribere deſideras. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011669">Cùm verò opus eſt, ſcribere primùm ſen<lb></lb>tentiam tuam quam breuiſſimè potes, ſic vt <lb></lb>numerum elementorum minorem conti<lb></lb>neat ſententia quàm is eſt quem capiunt <lb></lb>interualla. </s> <s id="s.011670">Inde in membrana ſuppoſita fo<lb></lb>raminibus ſcribes eam ſententiam, atque <lb></lb>item in alia atque alia: demum imple ſpatia <lb></lb>primæ membranæ ſententias complendo, <lb></lb>delendo, implendo, donec ſenſus <expan abbr="cõſtet">conſtet</expan>. </s> <s id="s.011671"><expan abbr="Hãc">Hanc</expan> <lb></lb>ſecundam ſententiam complebis in ſecunda <lb></lb>membrana, ſic vt verba, & ſententia cohæ<lb></lb>rere videantur: in tertia quoque ita apta<lb></lb>bis, vt illeſis primis literis, ſententia tota <lb></lb>verborum numerus, magnitudoque <expan abbr="conſtẽt">conſtent</expan>, <lb></lb>ac concinnitatem retineant. </s> <s id="s.011672">Quibus peractis <lb></lb>ſuperpone exemplar quod præcidiſti mem<lb></lb>branæ coæquali, atque in terminis forami<lb></lb>num puncta tenuiſſima ſignabis eouſque <lb></lb>quo literæ pertingant quas ſcribere deſide<lb></lb>ras: tum etiam membranam accipe, epiſto<lb></lb>lamque continuis verbis decenti ſpaciorum <lb></lb>ordine, ac magnitudine, tum etiam litera<lb></lb>rum ſic vt prima ſententia, ac verba illius <lb></lb>inter punctorum terminos contineantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011673">Ergo fuci ſuſpicio tunc nulla manet, alter <lb></lb>cùm recipit ſuperpoſito exemplari ſenten<lb></lb>tiam animi tui illicò intelligit. </s> <s id="s.011674">Nec huic <lb></lb>rei tametſi laboris haud leuis ſit, aliquid ad <lb></lb>ſignificandam ſententiam periculoſis tem<lb></lb>poribus amicis ſuis par inueniri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.011675">Præ<lb></lb>ſtat verò ad facilitatem plures huiuſcemodi <lb></lb>tabulas habere diuerſis magnitudinibus, or<lb></lb>dinéque diuerſo diſtinctas. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011676"><margin.target id="marg1619"></margin.target>Modus <expan abbr="ſecũ-dus">ſecun<lb></lb>dus</expan> ſcribendi <lb></lb>occultè abſ<lb></lb>que ſuſpi<lb></lb>cione.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011677">Tertia occultandi ratio fit, cum literæ alu<lb></lb>mine ſcribuntur: latent enim, immerſæ aqua <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1620"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>leguntur, quia aqua membranam reddit ob<lb></lb>ſcuriorem, in qua candicat alumen. </s> <s id="s.011678">Quæ ve<lb></lb>rò ſale ammoniaco, apparent dum igni ex<lb></lb>ponuntur. </s> <s id="s.011679">Ita aliæ limunij, aliæ ceparum <lb></lb>ſucco ſcribuntur, quæ omnes ignibus ex<lb></lb>poſitæ legi poſſunt, ſecùs deliteſcunt. </s> <s id="s.011680">Sed <lb></lb>opus eſt haud mediocri diligentia. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011681"><margin.target id="marg1620"></margin.target>Modus ter<lb></lb>tius ſcriben<lb></lb>di literas, <lb></lb>quæ ſolum <lb></lb>aquæ im<lb></lb>merſæ, vel <lb></lb>igni expoſitæ <lb></lb>leguntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011682">Papyrus an<lb></lb>tiqua. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011683">Thadeus <lb></lb>Dunus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011684">Scribebatur olim papyro quadam craſſa <lb></lb>admodum atque ignobili, cuius fruſtum <lb></lb>oſtendi mihi Thadeus Dunus diſcipulus <lb></lb>meus, nunc medicus egregius, multarúmque <lb></lb>linguarum peritus. </s> <s id="s.011685">Erat hoc fruſtum literis <lb></lb>Græcis inſcriptum: in quo & illud animad<lb></lb>uerti, olim libros Græcos ſolere abſque ac<lb></lb>centibus atque ſpiritibus ſcribi. </s> <s id="s.011686">Vetuſtior <lb></lb>ætas corticibus lignorum & tabulis ſcribe<lb></lb>bat ligneis. </s> <s id="s.011687">In his etiam Hippocratis libri <lb></lb>ſcripti ſunt, vt Galenus refert. </s> <s id="s.011688">Scribebatur <lb></lb>& plumbo. </s> <s id="s.011689">Epiſtolæ verò etiam cera. </s> <s id="s.011690">Æter<lb></lb>na, vt leges, ære. </s> <s id="s.011691">Sed maximum commo<lb></lb>dum Ægyptia papyrus exhibuit. </s> <s id="s.011692">Meminit <lb></lb>Apuleius in initio libri de Aſino aureo, <lb></lb>dicens: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Modò ſi papyrum Ægyptiam tu argutia.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011693">Nilotici calami inſcriptam non ſpreueris <lb></lb>Inſpicere. </s> <s id="s.011694">Fuerat & membrana, quæ ex pel<lb></lb>le hœdina etiam nunc frequenti in vſu eſt, <lb></lb>diuturnior omnibus chartæ generibus, ſo<lb></lb>lumque ære, quod magni conſtat, inferior. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011695">Patrum ante noſtram ætatem, cum nondum <lb></lb>inuenta eſſet ars imprimendi, libri plerique <lb></lb>pergamena ſcribebantur, quod <expan abbr="operepræciũ">operepræcium</expan> <lb></lb>materiam chariorem toleraret. </s> <s id="s.011696">Euiluit poſt<lb></lb>modum inuenta imprimendi arte, quoniam <lb></lb>charta noſtra, quæ ex telæ lineæ fruſtis fit, <lb></lb>diu in aqua maceratis, ac tuſis, & pulte illa <lb></lb>ſuper cicotrigonizum æneum tenuiſſimè ex<lb></lb>tenſa, vt aqua effluere poſſit, inde inter fru<lb></lb>ſtra pannorum laneorum repoſita cùm ſic<lb></lb>ceſcit, in mirum candorem, tenuitatem ac le<lb></lb>uitatem tranſit. </s> <s id="s.011697">Quæ denuò madefacta aqua <lb></lb>in qua lachryma Arabica fuerit diſſoluta, <lb></lb>non ſinit atramentum ſpargi. </s> <s id="s.011698">Memini ex hoc <lb></lb>genere vidiſſe in qua libri, ante inuentam <lb></lb>typographicam artem, hiſtoriarum Eutropij <pb pagenum="615" xlink:href="016/01/262.jpg"></pb>inſcripti erant (Pauli Cardani patrui mei vi<lb></lb>ri eruditiſſimi hi fuerunt ) quæ membranæ <lb></lb>pergamenæ nulla ex parte inferior videba<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.011699">Sed noſtra ætas dum ad lucrum <expan abbr="captandũ">captandum</expan> <lb></lb>nimis ſedula eſt, omnia traducit in deterius, <lb></lb><expan abbr="videturq;">videturque</expan> ars hæc librorum, ſeu ad <expan abbr="materiã">materiam</expan>, <lb></lb>ſeu ad pulchritudinem, ſeu etiam ad facili<lb></lb>tatem ſpectes, ſummam adepta perfectio<lb></lb>nem, vt nec ſi velis, plus poſſis optare quam <lb></lb>præſtet. </s> <s id="s.011700">Neque vlla alia eſt ars cui quic<lb></lb>quam addi non poſſe videatur, præter hanc. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011701">Quæ cùm ſerius aliis inuenta ſit periculum <lb></lb>eſt, ne cùm tam breui ad virilem, & abſolu<lb></lb>tam ætatem peruenerit, rurſus neglecta re<lb></lb>cidat: quod tamen etiam bellis difficile vi<lb></lb>detur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011702">Chymiſtica ars habet admirabilia plura, <lb></lb>multa inania, dubia longè plura, pulchra <lb></lb>non pauca, nonnulla ſalutaria, efficacia quæ<lb></lb>dam alia quaſi diuina, plurima momenti <lb></lb>nullius alia magnæ ſpei, alia tandem quæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1621"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cæteris omnibus numero præſtant maioris <lb></lb>iacturæ. </s> <s id="s.011703">Sunt verò Chymica inuenta, vi<lb></lb>trum ducere in longiſſimas lineas, tenax aut <lb></lb>prædurum efficere poſſe. </s> <s id="s.011704">Dudum conſtat ſa<lb></lb>nè vidiſſe me ſphæram exiguam è vitro, quæ <lb></lb>illiſa omni conatu ſolo lapideo non commi<lb></lb>nuebatur, ſed reſiliebat ad laquearia. </s> <s id="s.011705">Erat <lb></lb>autem ex eo vitri genere quod albis lineis <lb></lb>interſtinguitur. </s> <s id="s.011706">Sed paruitatem ac rotundi<lb></lb>tatem, ad duritiem, non parum contuliſſe <lb></lb>reor. </s> <s id="s.011707">nam facilè aër hinc inde delabitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011708">Nuper vidi vitri fruſtum pro gemma, quàm <lb></lb>aquam marinam vocant emptum, aliquod <lb></lb>aureis coronatis, mira pulchritudine, adeò <lb></lb>vt fulgore natiuas vinceret, Eiuſdem eſt <lb></lb>ipſum ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> albis lineis interſtinguere, <lb></lb>aut in illo cælare imagines, falſas fabricare <lb></lb>gemmas, purgare Caphuram, metalla mi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1622"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſcere, immutare, aut nobiliora immutari. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011709"><margin.target id="marg1621"></margin.target>Chymica in<lb></lb>uenta nota.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011710"><margin.target id="marg1622"></margin.target>Quomodo ſe<lb></lb>ricum deal<lb></lb>betur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011711">Modus fa<lb></lb>ciendi roſas <lb></lb>varias. </s> <s id="s.011712">Vaſa <lb></lb>pro metallis <lb></lb>liquandis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011713">Sericum ſic etiam fumo ſulfuris dealba<lb></lb>tur: immodicè enim ſiccat, interſtinguit <lb></lb>etiam flores, tum præcipuè roſas eadem <lb></lb>cauſa, nam parte alba reddita fit color varius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011714">Docuit hæc etiam vaſa pro liquandis me<lb></lb>tallis conficere: nam ex arietis cornibus <lb></lb>præcipuè ſumitur, & oſſibus in cinerem <lb></lb>redactis, piſtilloque ſubactis, pinſitiſque <lb></lb>fiunt. </s> <s id="s.011715">Si verò Smirin aut ſummitates cerui<lb></lb>ni cornu, vel mandibularum lucij ignitas, <lb></lb>ac in aceto extinctas bis, aut ter addideris, <lb></lb>neque frangentur vaſa, nec metallum effu<lb></lb>giet: adduntur hæc intus, & vbique nec <lb></lb>combibat, ſed in imo præcipuè. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011716">Eadem nos docuit deſtillationis vſum, <lb></lb>commodo, vires, vaſa. </s> <s id="s.011717">Sed de vſu, viribus <lb></lb>ac commodis ſuperius dictum eſt ſatis: nunc <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1623"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>de vaſis, eorumque generibus dicendum <lb></lb>eſt, ne ars hæc imperfectè tradita, ſola vi<lb></lb>deatur. </s> <s id="s.011718">Nempe hoc in libro artes omnes <lb></lb>perfectè traduntur, de quibus tamen agitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011719">Quòd ſi hoc non demonſtrauero, iure ne<lb></lb>mo mihi credat. </s> <s id="s.011720">Nam non diffusè artes hic <lb></lb>traduntur, ſed per capita. </s> <s id="s.011721">Quod ſi non <lb></lb>omnia capita attigiſſem, noſtri præcepti <lb></lb>ex Galeno ſumpti fuiſſem immemor. </s> <s id="s.011722">Si ve<lb></lb>rò non præſtantiſſima, non eſſe hic liber de <lb></lb>Subtilitate. </s> <s id="s.011723">Si igitur omnia capita & maxi<lb></lb>ma, & difficillima attigi, manifeſtum eſt, <lb></lb>eum qui quæ hic ſcripta ſunt, aſſequitur, <lb></lb>vniuerſæ artis perfectam & abſolutam ha<lb></lb>bere cognitionem. </s> <s id="s.011724">Docui autem qualiter ex <lb></lb>his in omnium aliorum <expan abbr="cognitionẽ">cognitionem</expan> deuenia<lb></lb>mus reſolutoria methodo, tum ex his quæ <lb></lb>proxima ſunt fini, tum ex fine ipſo. </s> <s id="s.011725">Sed iam <lb></lb>ad rem ipſam inſtitutam de vaſis redeo, <lb></lb>quam tractare oculis & manibus mihi con<lb></lb>tigit, cùm pater meus maximum huic arti, <lb></lb>licet non methodo aliqua, ſed empericè, <lb></lb>operam daret. </s> <s id="s.011726">Vaſa igitur quibus fiunt de<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1624"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtillationes, quatuor ſunt generum: aut <lb></lb>enim vno vaſe ad nolæ formam fit deſtilla<lb></lb>tio, cùm ea, quæ ſponte ardent, nola con<lb></lb>uerſa deſtillantur. </s> <s id="s.011727">Nam quæ ſponte ardent, <lb></lb>vt ſulphur & bitumen, eò ardent ſponte, vt <lb></lb>demonſtratum eſt, quòd humidum pingue <lb></lb>flammas concipit. </s> <s id="s.011728">Sed quod in fumum ver<lb></lb>titur, refrigeratum à fundo nolæ vitreæ in <lb></lb>humidum concreſſit: hoc autem pingue, vt <lb></lb>ſuperius demonſtratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011729">Ex canali igi<lb></lb>tur oleum effundetur. </s> <s id="s.011730">Aut duobus vaſis de<lb></lb>ſtillatio perficitur. </s> <s id="s.011731">Contingit autem hoc <lb></lb>duobus modis (nam nunc exhalationem tan<lb></lb>quam notiſſimam, quæ vnico fit horum va<lb></lb>ſorum recto, maximè cum materia intus ſic<lb></lb>catur, omitto ) aut quod deſtillatur, in idem <lb></lb>vas redeat, & vocatur circulatio, aut vt in <lb></lb>aliud: hocque bifariam fit, aut obliquis va<lb></lb>ſis, aut rectis, quorum amborum exempla <lb></lb>poſui. </s> <s id="s.011732">Si verò tribus ſimul opus ſit, vnum <lb></lb>vocatur Bozia à Barbaris, non dicemus Con<lb></lb>ceptaculum, huic imponitur pileus, qui <lb></lb>quandoque latior fit in ſummo eius vertice, <lb></lb>habétque duo foramina, alterum quo con<lb></lb>ceptaculo imponitur breuius, latiuſque, re<lb></lb>liquum quo illi recipiens, hoc autem tertium <lb></lb>eſt vas, iungitur. </s> <s id="s.011733">Expoſui & formam cli<lb></lb>bani pluribus vaſis ſeruientis, in quo tria <lb></lb>animaduertere oportet: primum vt fundus <lb></lb>perforatus ſit, vbi non omninò validum <lb></lb>ignem excipere volumus: ſecundum, vt ſpi-<lb></lb>racula habeat inferius ad accendendum ig<lb></lb>nem: tertium, vt ſi volumus, leui igne de<lb></lb>ſtillare, foramina etiam habeat ſuperius, <lb></lb>quibus vis ignis miteſcat. </s> <s id="s.011734">Expreſſi quoque <lb></lb>Balnei Mariæ figuram, vt ſcires: quod lon<lb></lb>gum fieri ſolet, vt plura vaſa capere queat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011735">Plura habeat oſtia, vt æqualiter ſimul aqua <lb></lb>caleſcat. </s> <s id="s.011736">Nec altitudine indiget, paruo enim <lb></lb>igne aqua feruet. </s> <s id="s.011737">Et quæ in eo deſtillantur, <lb></lb>temperatis indigent ignibus. </s> <s id="s.011738">Fiunt autem <lb></lb>vaſa è pluribus materiis, argento, ære, figu<lb></lb>lina: ſed omnium præſtantiſſima, è ferro, <lb></lb>auro, ac vitro. </s> <s id="s.011739">Porro, cùm volumus vim <lb></lb>ignis magnam experiri, vt in oleo calchan<lb></lb>ti. </s> <s id="s.011740">Auro, cùm rem valetudini noſtræ ſaluta<lb></lb>rem quærimus, cuius iactura precium non <lb></lb>leue perdat: vt in auro diſſoluto, & æthe<lb></lb>rea aqua, & elyſir vocato. </s> <s id="s.011741">Vitro autem ple<lb></lb>raque alia: nam vt vitrum nihil tribuit, ita <lb></lb>aurum ad perfectionem talium facit. </s> <s id="s.011742">Vt ve<lb></lb>rò vitrea vaſa non frangantur, craſſior eſſe <lb></lb>debent, & ex candido vitro, & diutius in <lb></lb>fornace excocto, vt ampullis omninò ca<lb></lb>reat: & ſic æqualis ſubſtantiæ, & ab omni <lb></lb>ſorde purgatum. </s> <s id="s.011743">Senſim quoque excalefie<lb></lb>ri, ac rurſus refrigerari debet. </s> <s id="s.011744">Subiici quo<lb></lb>que molle ſtratum, & ſi magnis ignibus <pb pagenum="616" xlink:href="016/01/263.jpg"></pb>fuerit exponendum, luto ac fimo mixtis ad <lb></lb>digiti craſſitudinem veſtitur, ſiccaturque <lb></lb>optimè. </s> <s id="s.011745">Minus enim frangitur cum calo<lb></lb>rem non contactu, ſed corpore interpoſito <lb></lb>recipit. </s> <s id="s.011746">Viliora etiam ære ac plumbo deſtil<lb></lb>lari ſolent, vt in vaſe quod tria habet fora<lb></lb>mina, duobuſque conſtat fruſtis. </s> <s id="s.011747">Fundus <lb></lb>enim à reliquo ſeparari poteſt, vt fæces reii<lb></lb>ci poſſint. </s> <s id="s.011748">Habet & foramen ſuperius, quo <lb></lb>immittitur materia, & à latere longum ca<lb></lb>nalem, quo recipienti iungitur. </s> <s id="s.011749">Sed noſtro <lb></lb>tempore ſolent vaſi æreo in formam crate<lb></lb>ræ, plumbeum imponere cum canali, & ita <lb></lb>à ſecundo foramine excuſantur. </s> <s id="s.011750">Eadem enim <lb></lb>parte imponitur materia, qua fæx extrahi<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.4.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/4.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.5.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/5.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.6.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/6.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.263.7.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/263/7.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.011751">Porrò cur tam multiplex vſus vaſorum, <lb></lb>prætermiſſa nola de qua diximus, nunc ex<lb></lb>ponam. </s> <s id="s.011752">Cùm rem tenuis admodum ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ deſtillare volumus, aut ad maiorem de<lb></lb>ducere tenuitatem, leuiſſimo calore opus <lb></lb>eſt, aliter abſumitur Fit autem calor leuis <lb></lb>quatuor modis: aut ſubſtantia ipſa, veluti <lb></lb>cùm in ſole, aut fimo deſtillamus, non in <lb></lb>igne: aut quantitate, vt cùm modicum ignis <lb></lb>adhibemus. </s> <s id="s.011753">Minor eſt etiam, qui ex lignis <lb></lb>ſalicis fit, quàm illicis: aut inter ignem & <lb></lb>vas aliquid interponimus, vt cinerem, aut <lb></lb>aquam. </s> <s id="s.011754">Aqua autem optima eſt: nam ſi <lb></lb>aqua ardens in Mariæ balneo deſtilletur, <lb></lb>optimarum partium minima fit reſolutio, <lb></lb>& nullus paruus odor adiicitur: aut ſi in <lb></lb>vaſis ſupremo, aqua ſæpius linteo appli<lb></lb>cetur: reſolutionem enim prohibet, & <lb></lb>exuſtionem. </s> <s id="s.011755">Vtimur igitur circulatione, <lb></lb>cùm aquam hanc ad ætheris naturam per<lb></lb>ducere curæ eſt, aut quando medicamento <lb></lb>addito illam viribus eius imbuere volumus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011756">Hic autem modus modico ſemper indiget <lb></lb>calore, vt vix expediat ignis & longa mo<lb></lb>ra, vt rectè rem tractanti vix anni dimi<lb></lb>dium ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.011757">Fit igitur reciprocatio ſim<lb></lb>plex, qualis in vaſis circulatoriis: aut mu<lb></lb>tua, vt in reciprocis. </s> <s id="s.011758">Verùm multiplici hac <lb></lb>agitatione tametſi paululum incaleſcat, ob <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ tamen tenuitatem adeò parum <lb></lb>imprimit, vt omni caliditate ſpoliata videa<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.011759">In <expan abbr="vtroq;">vtroque</expan> enim extremo, vt reliqua aqua <lb></lb>ardens, tuta eſt. </s> <s id="s.011760">Aut in prima deſtillatione <lb></lb>ob copiam aquei humidi immiſtam, aut <lb></lb>poſt multas deſtillationes circulationeſ<lb></lb>ve, vbi propter raritatem expers omninò <lb></lb>caloris eſſe videtur. </s> <s id="s.011761">Eſt autem adeò raræ <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ atque tenuis, vt oleo ſuperſtet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011762">Quæ enim deſcendit, non eſt abſoluta. </s> <s id="s.011763">De-<pb pagenum="617" xlink:href="016/01/264.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1625"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>trahitur autem ab omni vino, ſed optima <lb></lb>ab optimo natura, miniméque vitiato. </s> <s id="s.011764">Di<lb></lb>midium in prima diſtillatione detrahi ſo<lb></lb>let, in ſecunda tantundem, in tertia pa<lb></lb>rum perit: in quarta, & multò minus in <lb></lb>ſequentibus vix quicquam, ſi rectè peregi<lb></lb>ſti. </s> <s id="s.011765">Non negligenda eſt hæc, cùm multas <lb></lb>habeat vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.011766">Quædam enim ſeruat, vt <lb></lb>vt quæ corrumpuntur, balſami vicem ge<lb></lb>rens quædam in melius mutat, vt languen<lb></lb>tia frigore humana corpora<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quædam exco<lb></lb>quit, vt oua carnéſque impoſitas. </s> <s id="s.011767">Omnium <lb></lb>quoque medicamentorum in ea infuſorum <lb></lb>vires breui excipit, vtpote tenuiorem in 4. <lb></lb>horis, aliorum in 8. duriorum in 12. vt vix <lb></lb>vnquam diem attingat: inde iterum deſtil<lb></lb>latur retentis viribus, amiſſa fece, ac ſorde <lb></lb>omni. </s> <s id="s.011768">Quamobrem alchymiſtæ ſolent hoc <lb></lb>genus infundendi appellare Stellarum in <lb></lb>cœlo fixionem. </s> <s id="s.011769">Et certè multi huius vſu <lb></lb>adiuti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011770">Vſus autem ab vnciæ parte 8. <lb></lb>vſque ad integram. </s> <s id="s.011771">Quamobrem propriè <lb></lb>eius cauſa circulatio inuenta eſt: quo fomi<lb></lb>te dictum fuit ſuperiùs. </s> <s id="s.011772">Obliqua verò va<lb></lb>ſa ſitus commodi cauſa excogitata ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011773">Ma<lb></lb>gna ad acres excipiendas aquas, in quibus <lb></lb>calchantum, halinitrum, alumen, taliáque <lb></lb>diſtillantur. </s> <s id="s.011774">Nam cum opus ſit magnis ig<lb></lb>nibus, vt acres valde ſint fumi, & quæ ex <lb></lb>his fiunt aquæ, oportuit vas quod recipit <lb></lb>eſſe capaciſſimum, vt non frangatur atte<lb></lb>nuato nimis ab ignibus contento aëre, & vt <lb></lb>in aquam fumi ſicciſſimi, atque calidiſſimi <lb></lb>verti poſſint. </s> <s id="s.011775">Recta verò vaſa oblonga & <lb></lb>quaſi æqualia fieri ſolens, cùm celeri tran<lb></lb>ſitu opus eſt, grauiorque vapor, vt in me<lb></lb>tallis: vel ſi leui igne acrem aquam in quam <lb></lb>argentum, aut aurum diſſolutum eſt relicto <lb></lb>colligere voluerimus. </s> <s id="s.011776">Pilei verò vſus eſt, vt <lb></lb>vaporis impetus diſſoluatur: ob id etiam <lb></lb>acria ſic diſtillantur. </s> <s id="s.011777">Oportet autem pileum <lb></lb>parte ſuperiore eſſe capacem. </s> <s id="s.011778">Fit & ad vi<lb></lb>tandam expenſam: optimæ enim biſtortæ <lb></lb>carius venerunt, vixque tam benè aptantur, <lb></lb>vt vaſa pileis ſuis iuncta. </s> <s id="s.011779">Vaſis autem ænei <lb></lb>commodum iam explicauimus: & quòd in <lb></lb>clibanis foramina inferiora ſint, ad ignes <lb></lb>alacrius excitandos: ſuperiora autem dupli<lb></lb>cem vſum habent, vt fumus prodeat, & vt <lb></lb>vis ignis mulceatur. </s> <s id="s.011780">Quòd ſi leue aliquid vt <lb></lb>maximè ardentem aquam in ſole velis de<lb></lb>ſtillare, conceptaculi medium in paraboles è <lb></lb>chalybe centro collocabis: nam non ſolùm <lb></lb>centri locus, ſed totum vas, & quicquid <lb></lb>in parabolis ſpatio continetur, æſtuat & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1626"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ardet. </s> <s id="s.011781">Non ignor ac chalybem expolitum <lb></lb>eſſe debere. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011782"><margin.target id="marg1623"></margin.target>Artes omnes <lb></lb>quæ in hoc <lb></lb>lid. </s> <s id="s.011783">tradun<lb></lb>tur, perfectè <lb></lb>traduntur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011784"><margin.target id="marg1624"></margin.target>Vaſorum de <lb></lb>ſtillatorio<lb></lb>rum genere.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011785"><margin.target id="marg1625"></margin.target>Aqua <expan abbr="ardẽs">ardens</expan> <lb></lb>oleo ſuper<lb></lb>ſtat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011786"><margin.target id="marg1626"></margin.target>Carbones è <lb></lb>lignis val<lb></lb>lium præ<lb></lb>ſtantiores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011787">Modus con<lb></lb>ficiendi car<lb></lb>bones opti<lb></lb>mos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011788">Modi adhi<lb></lb>bendi ignis <lb></lb>plures.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011789">Tanta verò eſt artis ſolertia, vt etiam car<lb></lb>bonibus, præter ea quæ ſuperiùs retulimus, <lb></lb>diſcrimina addat: nam è lignis vallium putat <lb></lb>præſtantiores quàm montium: rariora enim <lb></lb>ligna vallium, ideóque & carbones, at rara <lb></lb>omnia facilè ignis depopulatur. </s> <s id="s.011790">Sed & in <lb></lb>conficiendis egregiè laborat, vt non ſub <lb></lb>terra, velut eſt mos, ſed ſupra conficiantur, <lb></lb>quia melius ardent, & ſunt vtiliores. </s> <s id="s.011791">Mi<lb></lb>rum enim quantum interſit quomodo ignis <lb></lb>adhibeatur in metallorum tractatione, tum <lb></lb>reliquorum quæ igne perficiuntur, præſer<lb></lb>tim in purpurina varietas ignis perſpicua <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.011792">Ergo multùm intereſt, an ignem per<lb></lb>petuum, an interruptum adhibeas, acrem, <lb></lb>aut mollem, magnum aut paruum, ſenſim <lb></lb>vel repentè, circùm aut ab vno latere, agi<lb></lb>tatum follibus, aut equieſcentem, diutur<lb></lb>num aut breuem, tangentem aut extra vas <lb></lb>cum flamma, aut ſolas prunas, concluſum, <lb></lb>liberumve, ſimplicem, aut reflexum, è car<lb></lb>bonibus, aut lignis, aut quod plus refert, <lb></lb>alia addita materia ardente, quæ propriam <lb></lb>vim etiam retineat in igne. </s> <s id="s.011793">Multum etiam <lb></lb>refert, cum quibus vnunquodque quod li<lb></lb>quatur ſocietur. </s> <s id="s.011794">Nam marmor, galena, plum<lb></lb>bum, ferri ſpuma, cum lapidibus in qui<lb></lb>bus metalla <expan abbr="cõtinentur">continentur</expan> iuncta, mirum in mo<lb></lb>dum liquefactionem illorum adiuuant, & <lb></lb>ſubſtantiam ſeruant: nam dum liquantur, <lb></lb>tenue humidum quod in lapidibus contine<lb></lb>tur, conſumi prohibent, contraria ratione <lb></lb>ei quæ ſuperius de venenis dicta eſt. </s> <s id="s.011795">Igitur <lb></lb>excalefacto lapide, nec ſiccato, ob conti<lb></lb>nentem humorem tandem ſuperaucto igne, <lb></lb>metallum ipſum quod lapidi inhæret, liqua<lb></lb>ri neceſſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011796">Sed cur non addita aqua, aut alio quo<lb></lb>piam humido, facilius metalla liquantur: <lb></lb>imò difficilius? </s> <s id="s.011797">an quia aqua frigida eſt, & <lb></lb>tenuis, nec poteſt ob <expan abbr="tenuitatẽ">tenuitatem</expan> liquare, nec ob <lb></lb>frigiditatem prius verè calefieri <expan abbr="antequã">antequam</expan> <expan abbr="cõ-ſumatur">con<lb></lb>ſumatur</expan>? </s> <s id="s.011798">Sic etiam cruſta quæ metallo ſuper<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1627"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>natat, illud ne liquetur prohibet: nam adeò <lb></lb>coacta refrigerat partes omnes, & ſic ne ſi li<lb></lb>quentur impedit, aut tenuiorem <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan> metalli <lb></lb>partem cruſta abſumit, qua ſublata, metal<lb></lb>lum non diſſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.011799">Similiter cùm metalla <lb></lb>fundo hærent, non liquantur: nec vehe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1628"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mentibus ignibus, quoniam calor ſuperio<lb></lb>ra petit, paruus verò qui in fundo manet <lb></lb>breui pòſt tempore conſumit humidum, <lb></lb>prohibétque liquefactionem: his duabus <lb></lb>cauſis non poteſt metallum in vaſis fundo <lb></lb>liquari. </s> <s id="s.011800">Tertiam cauſam addidimus, aquam <lb></lb>ſcilicet iniectam: quæ non ſolùm liquefa<lb></lb>ctionem impedit, ſed metalla iam liquefa<lb></lb>cta magno plerumque aſtantium damno re<lb></lb>ſilire cogit. </s> <s id="s.011801">Quidam dixerunt, humidum <lb></lb>aquæ tenue metallis immiſtum, liquidis ac <lb></lb>calore in ſpiritum conuerſum, dum maius <lb></lb>occupat ſpatium, cogere liquefacti me<lb></lb>talli guttas reſilire. </s> <s id="s.011802">Sed non videtur aqua <lb></lb>leuior longè metallo, illius ſubſtantiam <lb></lb>poſſe ingredi. </s> <s id="s.011803">Melius igitur eſt, vt creda<lb></lb>mus à frigore illo aquæ contrahi calidam <lb></lb>metalli ſuperficiem iam proprio ſpiritu <lb></lb>plenam, ac vt in pila alliſa ſolo reſilire con<lb></lb>feſtim magno impetu. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011804"><margin.target id="marg1627"></margin.target>Cur cruſta <lb></lb>impediat <lb></lb>metallorum <lb></lb>liqueſactio<lb></lb>nem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011805"><margin.target id="marg1628"></margin.target>Aqua cur <lb></lb>metalla inie<lb></lb>cta reſilire <lb></lb>cogat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011806">Sed inuenta huius artis minima pars ſunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1629"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eorum quæ inueniri poſſent: velut electri <lb></lb>compoſitio, vitri abſque igne mollities, <lb></lb>purpura vera: nam quæ nunc in vſu eſt, <lb></lb>talis eſt nomine ſolo, atque hæc olim in<lb></lb>uenta iam periêre, deſueuerúntque ſciri: <lb></lb>lapidum pulcherrimorum, duriſſimorúm<lb></lb>que, tenuiſſimarum item aquarum com<lb></lb>poſitio, illis quidem vaſa conficere licet, <lb></lb>his aurum & argentum è fœcibus eruere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011807">Plura longè ſunt, quàm ſcribere liceat, ſed <lb></lb>hæc pro exemplis appoſui. </s> <s id="s.011808">Verùm ple-<pb pagenum="618" xlink:href="016/01/265.jpg"></pb>runque latet vſus rei cum ipſa: nam nec <lb></lb>bellicorum tormentorum, nec typorum qui<lb></lb>bus libri imprimuntur vtilitas, aut neceſ<lb></lb>ſitas, ante artis inuentionem innotuit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1630"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011809"><margin.target id="marg1629"></margin.target>Chymica in<lb></lb>uenta, aut <lb></lb>nondum no<lb></lb>ta, aut ab<lb></lb>ſoleta.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011810"><margin.target id="marg1630"></margin.target>Cornua vt <lb></lb>molliantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011811">Eſt & chymicæ artis opus mollire cor<lb></lb>nua, quod longa coctione fit, addito præ<lb></lb>ſertim cineris modico, aut calcis in aquam <lb></lb>contingit hoc non ante octauam horam: <lb></lb>fiunt ex his capuli, ac manubria gladio<lb></lb>rum, pectines, latrunculi. </s> <s id="s.011812">Atramentariæ <lb></lb>autem pyxides, thecæ, vaſáque alia etſi <lb></lb>eodem modo fiant, aliud tamen eſt Gal<lb></lb>lorum hac in arte inuentum, ac longè præ<lb></lb>ſtantius. </s> <s id="s.011813">In cornu vacuum, vt ſæpe vidi, <lb></lb>ferrum acutum infigunt, ipſumque oleo <lb></lb>illitum cornu, ignique expoſitum circum<lb></lb>uertunt aſſiduè, interim canalem ex ære <lb></lb>habent cornu palmo longius, in imo adeò <lb></lb>arctum, vt quouis cornu ſit anguſtius, in <lb></lb>initio paulò latiùs, quàm vt bouis, aut bu<lb></lb>bale cornu poſſit excipere, rectum ad vn<lb></lb>guem, quem in igne parte, quæ eſt anguſtior <lb></lb>altera extra ignem prominente tandiu ca<lb></lb>lefaciunt, donec latior pars quæ prominet <lb></lb>manu citra periculum apprehendi poſſit: <lb></lb>tunc cornu GD parte tenuiore, ſcilicet D in <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.265.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/265/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>canalem æreum impoſitum, tereti cimeo <lb></lb>malleóque intruditur, donec D fermè ad <lb></lb>B perueniat, inde paruo pòſt interuallo an<lb></lb>tequam refrixerit excuſſum ligno, & mal<lb></lb>leo cornu ex parte B, canalis rurſus contra<lb></lb>ria parte latiore ſcilicet C canali intrudi<lb></lb>tur, cuneoque eodem ac malleo donec ictu <lb></lb>deſcendere non vltrà videatur: tunc verò <lb></lb>canalis cum cornu in aquam immittitur, <lb></lb>ibique refrigeratum, ac duratum poſt ho<lb></lb>ras extrahitur rectum, ac ſolidum vtraque <lb></lb>ex parte, ac teres cornu. </s> <s id="s.011814">Nec pòſt niſi ex<lb></lb>calefactum ſinuatur: vnde tincturam abſ<lb></lb>que igne adhibere oportet, Vas verò AB <lb></lb>ex ære melius Cyprio conficitur, & leuiſſi<lb></lb>mum intus eſſe debet, & dum igne caleſcit <lb></lb>ac ſuper prunas, aſſiduè circumuerti. </s> <s id="s.011815">Mani<lb></lb>feſtum eſt autem quod plura talia illi conſi<lb></lb>milia habere oporteat, tabulámque cum fo<lb></lb>raminibus, quibuſdam cornu intruditur fir<lb></lb>miter inhæreat. </s> <s id="s.011816">Ex cornibus igitur hac ar<lb></lb>te mutatis in rectam figuram, ſolidámque <lb></lb>ſubſtantiam, & thecæ atramentariæ, & vaſa <lb></lb>alia iucundi, & vtilis vſus fieri ſolent. </s> <s id="s.011817">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt autem, quòd aceto & aqua ar<lb></lb>dente, ac calchanto cornua frigida vel mol<lb></lb>liter tepida denigrantur. </s> <s id="s.011818">Adduntur etiam <lb></lb>quæ coloris ſubſtantiam retineant. <arrow.to.target n="marg1631"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011819"><margin.target id="marg1631"></margin.target>Oſſa vt mol<lb></lb>liantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011820">Referunt ſimili ratione & oſſa ipſa mol<lb></lb>liri ſuccis apij millefolij, raphani, praſ<lb></lb>ſij cum aceto, ſi in his immerſa fimo obruan<lb></lb>tur equino. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011821">Sed hæc mittamus, ad diuerſarum artium <lb></lb>ſubtilitatis argumenta tranſeundum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011822">Quinque ex architectura mihi deſumere <arrow.to.target n="marg1632"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>volo. </s> <s id="s.011823">Primùm quidem vrbium munitionem <lb></lb>Conſtat hæc triplici arte, prohibendo, re<lb></lb>pulſa, ſecuritate defendentium: nec eſt præter <lb></lb>id inuenire quicquam. </s> <s id="s.011824">Prohibemus tribus, <lb></lb>ſcilicet aqua foſſa, muro. </s> <s id="s.011825">Foſſa difficilem <lb></lb>facit acceſſum, ad propugnandum non pa<lb></lb>rum ob deſcenſum, ſed ob aſcenſum longè <lb></lb>magis: ob id præceps eſſe debet vtraque <lb></lb>ripa, ſed maximè quæ iuxta vrbem eſt, aut <lb></lb>oppidum: latitudo paſſuum quadraginta <lb></lb>profunda, multiplex: nam ſi triplicem fece<lb></lb>ris, non ſolùm inexpugnabilis, ſed deſpe<lb></lb>rationem affert his qui oppugnare nituntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011826">Hæc habeat ſeptem paſſus ſcaturientis aquę: <lb></lb>quoniam quæ naſcitur intercipi, nec tolli <lb></lb>vlla arte poteſt. </s> <s id="s.011827">Dum verò aſſiſtit, ingre<lb></lb>dientes mergit: quos non mergit, lubrico <lb></lb>pede facto & graues aqua, prohibet ab aſ<lb></lb>cenſu: prohibet & cuniculos, vt vix effodi <lb></lb>poſſint: at his muri, ſubruuntur. </s> <s id="s.011828">Accedit <lb></lb>quòd iniecta diſſipat ac diſſoluit: prohibét<lb></lb>que ne ignis iniectus graſſetur in murorum <lb></lb>perniciem. </s> <s id="s.011829">Muri craſſitudine 30. paſſuum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1633"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cæmento tenui, lapide lateritio, exterius <lb></lb>viuo, duro, ac in rotundam figuram pau<lb></lb>lulum prominente. </s> <s id="s.011830">Muri enim ſimplices in <lb></lb>ſingula brachia ( hoc enim genus menſuræ <lb></lb>explicatum eſt ( lateres apud nos 20. con<lb></lb>tinent: mediocres autem 32. vt craſſilij. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011831">Altitudo illius paſſus 100. nam 10. ſub foſ<lb></lb>ſa, 60. ad ſummum foſſæ, 30. autem ſuprà, <lb></lb>aggere interius craſiſſimo fulciatur. </s> <s id="s.011832">Hæc in <lb></lb>oppidis, minora vrbibus ſufficiunt, in qui<lb></lb>bus præſidium eſt in milite. </s> <s id="s.011833">Si tamen ad<lb></lb>ſint, reddetur vrbs ipſa omninò inexpu<lb></lb>gnabilis. </s> <s id="s.011834">Repulſa conſtat aggeribus, ac tur<lb></lb>ribus in ſingulos 200. pedes, muro in medio <lb></lb>recto, ſed ſuperiùs in vrbem inclinato: Nam <lb></lb>ſic nec prohibet ictus turrium, & hoſtis <lb></lb>ignei globi inanes redduntur. </s> <s id="s.011835">Summa mu<lb></lb>ri pars rotunda, ne diſiecta machinis fru<lb></lb>ſta occidant defenſores. </s> <s id="s.011836">In interiore parte <lb></lb>canalis, per quem tutò ire poſſint cuſtodes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011837">Terra quoque in imo cauata, vt ſonent <lb></lb>ictus cuniculos ſuffodientium, & milites ſe<lb></lb>curi circumambulabunt. </s> <s id="s.011838">Fornicum ratio ſic <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1634"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>conſtat: vt rotundior eſt, eò firmior, vſque <lb></lb>ad perfecti circuli figuram. </s> <s id="s.011839">Craſſiores ab <lb></lb>imo, & vt magis aſcendunt tenuiores vſque <lb></lb>ad apicem. </s> <s id="s.011840">Latera vtrinque vbi primùm ſi<lb></lb>nuari cœperint, ex latis ac tenuioribus la<lb></lb>teribus conſtant, vt frequenti futura com<lb></lb>pages magis cohæreat. </s> <s id="s.011841">Fundamentum pro<lb></lb>minet, & ſi muro inſiſtat, exciditur mu<lb></lb>rus, vt plutei inſtar fundamentum fornicis <lb></lb>ſuſcipiat, ac retineat. </s> <s id="s.011842">Illius craſſitudo mu<lb></lb>ri, comparatione ſeſquialtera eſſe debet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011843">Sed adhuc firmior & craſſior, qui ſubſter<lb></lb>nitur. </s> <s id="s.011844">In ſingulos centum paſſus ſtercoraria <lb></lb>cloaca; puteuſque: nam aquæ neceſſitas ab<lb></lb>ſcedere cogit milites, & vtilitas aduerſu <lb></lb>ignes, & vt feruafacta in caput hoſtium <lb></lb>proiiciatur, mille quoque alia commoda <lb></lb>præbet. </s> <s id="s.011845">Stercus aërem corrumpit. </s> <s id="s.011846">Viæ ve<lb></lb>rò plures è muris occultæ ad intima ciuita<lb></lb>tis multa arcent inconuenientia, commo<lb></lb>dumque militibus defendentibus ingens af<lb></lb>ferunt, nec cauſam receſſus illis relinquunt. <pb pagenum="619" xlink:href="016/01/266.jpg"></pb>Aliæ verò quatuor, aut quinque occultæ <lb></lb>omnibus præterquàm ipſi Principi, ad <lb></lb>quinque millia, vel etiam longius in lu<lb></lb>cos denſos, & quos ſuccidere iam longa <lb></lb>conſuetudo prohibeat, finiantur. </s> <s id="s.011847">Pulchrè <lb></lb>enim hoc facit ad admittendos nuncios, ad <lb></lb>annonam importandam, ac præſidia indu<lb></lb>cenda. </s> <s id="s.011848">Ipſi domorum vrbis muri alio ( vt <lb></lb>dixi ) muro circumdentur, ac muniantur, <lb></lb>nulláque domus promineat. </s> <s id="s.011849">Nuper Bura <lb></lb>capta, cum ictu tormenti domus tugu<lb></lb>rium concidiſſet, prominebat enim, ciui<lb></lb>tatis Principes, qui in ea ad conſulendum <lb></lb>coierant extincti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.011850">Et dum Galli vr<lb></lb>bem noſtram obſiderent, M. </s> <s id="s.011851">Antonius <lb></lb>Columna, Camilluſque, Triuultius ſimi<lb></lb>li caſu periere, ob idque conciſæ illorum <lb></lb>vires primò, inde etiam fractæ, demum <lb></lb>ex Inſubria funditus potentia auulſa eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011852">Ipſarum autem virium, quæ ſecretò extra <lb></lb>vrbem feruntur, vſus ad emittendos ex<lb></lb>ploratores quaſi neceſſarius eſt. </s> <s id="s.011853">Nec pro<lb></lb>tinus ad hoc auxilium confugiendum, ne<lb></lb>que tantiſper expectandum donec res pe<lb></lb>rierit, ſed ſæuiente obſidione iam & in <lb></lb>opinato. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1635"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011854"><margin.target id="marg1632"></margin.target>Ratio mu<lb></lb>niendarum <lb></lb>vrbium.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011855"><margin.target id="marg1633"></margin.target>Muri quot <lb></lb>lateres con<lb></lb>tineant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011856"><margin.target id="marg1634"></margin.target>Fornicum <lb></lb>conſtruenda<lb></lb>rum ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011857"><margin.target id="marg1635"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>cum vrbe ob<lb></lb>ſeſſa per fa<lb></lb>ces procul <lb></lb>colloqui li<lb></lb>ceat.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.266.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/266/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.011858"><emph type="italics"></emph>Nocte poſt diem Martis hora ſexta nos <lb></lb>hoſtem aggrediemur: vos exite cum om<lb></lb>ni milite, fortiter que pugnate: tota enim <lb></lb>noſtra ſalus ex hoc pendet.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011859">Eſt & aliud communicandorum conſi<lb></lb>liorum obſeſſis vrbibus remedium, quòd <lb></lb>tutum eſt & ſemper paratum: nec minus <lb></lb>licet intelligere quæ velint, qui auxilio <lb></lb>veniunt, aut venturi ſunt, quàm vrbis <lb></lb>ſtatum patefacere, parumque differt ab <lb></lb>epiſtola. </s> <s id="s.011860">Igitur ſi ciuitas ipſa cupit explo<lb></lb>ratori, quæ velit ſignificare, aut exerci<lb></lb>tus Duci in auxilium venienti, ſuper quin<lb></lb>que turres procul inuicem poſitas, ita vt <lb></lb>longè diſtinctæ videantur, ſingulæ faces <lb></lb>ardentes collocentur, ſingulique qui eas <lb></lb>tenent, verba quæ ſignificaturi ſunt ſcri<lb></lb>pta antè ſe habeant, & vt litera ſucce<lb></lb>dit, quæ ad facem pertineat ſuam, aut <lb></lb>duæ, treſve, eam, eaſve facem eleuando <lb></lb>aut deprimendo, aut in dextram, vel ſini<lb></lb>ſtram flectendo ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.011861">Pari ratione ex <lb></lb>altiſſima turri conſilia Ducis in auxilium <lb></lb>venientis exercitu hoſtium intermedio <lb></lb>quiſque literas coniungendo intelliget, <lb></lb>prorſus hoſtibus, nec aduertentibus, ne<lb></lb>dum inſciis, quòd faces auxiliariorum hu<lb></lb>miles erunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011862">Sed ad vrbis munitionem redeo: quæ ſi <lb></lb>muris altis conſtabit, præter ſumptus ma<lb></lb>ximos in extruendo id habet incommodi, <lb></lb>quòd vbi vi tormentorum muri deciderint, <lb></lb>commodiſſimum, ac tutiſſimum pontem <lb></lb>hoſtibus præbebunt. </s> <s id="s.011863">Humiliores verò vt <lb></lb>ſecuriores aduerſus extructos ab oppugna<lb></lb>toribus aggeres, neque domus, neque mi<lb></lb>lites tutos præſtant. </s> <s id="s.011864">Quæcunque ruere de<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1636"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bent, antè edito ſtrepitu ruinam produnt, <lb></lb>Nam compages illa quum iam ſuſtineatur, <lb></lb>aliquid habet quo maneat, id ante ruinam <lb></lb>frangi neceſſe eſt: dum frangitur, ſtrepi<lb></lb>tus fit: ob id quibuſdam vnicus, in aliis <lb></lb>plures, in quibuſdam multò antè, ſtatim <lb></lb>in aliis fiunt. </s> <s id="s.011865">Rimæ quoque murorum quum <lb></lb>pars altera dehiſcit, periculum multò antè <lb></lb>prætendunt. </s> <s id="s.011866">Referunt quidam araneas fu<lb></lb>gere: adeò voluit natura videri plus ſapere, <lb></lb>quàm homines. </s> <s id="s.011867">At nihil certius inclinatio<lb></lb>ne in muris: nam etiamſi nullo preman<lb></lb>tur pondere, ſpontè ruunt. </s> <s id="s.011868">Cæterùm tur<lb></lb>res ornatus ſæpe cauſa fiunt, vt olim quum <lb></lb>Mediolanum trecentas haberet: quando<lb></lb>que magnificentiæ, vt Papiæ ac Piſis: non<lb></lb>nunquam tutelæ, at neque ornatus deeſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011869">Apud Argentoratum Tabernam olim ci<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1637"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uitatem Iulius Cæſar turribus quinquagin<lb></lb>ta duabus condiderat, atque inter duas <lb></lb>quaſque turres proximas ſeptem erant pin<lb></lb>næ, ſic turres hebdomadarum anni, pinnæ <lb></lb>dies implerent. </s> <s id="s.011870">Generaliter autem, vt etiam <lb></lb>multis qui iſta legunt, vel verbo vno <lb></lb>compendium rei familiaris afferamus, in <lb></lb>magnis ædificiis proprij currus ad vehen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1638"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dum authendumque non aſpernandam mi<lb></lb>nuendarum impenſarum vtilitatem affe<lb></lb>runt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011871"><margin.target id="marg1636"></margin.target>Domus cur <lb></lb>antequam <lb></lb>ruant ſtrepi<lb></lb>tum edant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011872"><margin.target id="marg1637"></margin.target>Tabernæ ci<lb></lb>uitatis pul<lb></lb>chritudo <lb></lb>murorum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011873"><margin.target id="marg1638"></margin.target>Ædifican<lb></lb>tium com<lb></lb>pendium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011874">Sed iam aliud ſubtilius exemplum, nec <lb></lb>minus vtile tranſeamus. </s> <s id="s.011875">Eius autor fuit <lb></lb>C. Cæſar, vt in quarto de bello Gallico <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1639"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>refert. </s> <s id="s.011876">Pontem ſuper Rhenum in decem die<lb></lb>bus, hac ratione perfecit, quem vt à <lb></lb>paucis bene intellectum docere inſtitui<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.011877">Tigna bina C litera ſignificata ſeſ<lb></lb>quipedali craſſitudine, longitudine tanta, <lb></lb>vt in imo fluminis fixa aquæ ſuperficiem <lb></lb>attingant, duorum pedum interuallo vtrin<lb></lb>que iunge. </s> <s id="s.011878">Inde præacuta facta ab imo ma<lb></lb>chinationibus immiſſa, fiſtuciſque firmata <lb></lb>ad fluminis naturam prona ex vno latere, fi<lb></lb>ges, ſic vt tignorum alterum ripæ proximius <lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.011879">Totidem æqualiaque ſimiliter iuncta <lb></lb>æquidiſtantia quadraginta pedum interual<lb></lb>lo in inferiore fluminis parte aduerſus il<lb></lb>lius impetum prona defigito, vocenturque <lb></lb>F. </s> <s id="s.011880">Supremas iuncturas C & F, trabe lati<lb></lb>tudinis pedum duorum ſcilicet pro iunctu<lb></lb>ræ magnitudine iunges, binis fibulis ex <lb></lb>vtroque latere, ex interiore parte tigni <lb></lb>reuinctis: incluſæ enim fibulæ vincie<lb></lb>bantur tignis, eaque ratione poſitæ, vt <lb></lb>quo magis diſcluderentur, eo firmius tra<lb></lb>bem continerent: quod illam ex aduer<lb></lb>ſo premerent. </s> <s id="s.011881">Æqualia his atque è di<lb></lb>recto poſita ex altera parte fluminis ſic vt <lb></lb>trabs D trabi alteri æquidiſtet, conſtrues, <pb pagenum="620" xlink:href="016/01/267.jpg"></pb>ſimiliterque iuncta. </s> <s id="s.011882">Atque rurſus medios <lb></lb>ordines quotquot neceſſarium fuit conſti<lb></lb>tuit eodem opere. </s> <s id="s.011883">Has trabes iuxta flu</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011884"><margin.target id="marg1639"></margin.target>Pons C. Cæ<lb></lb>ſaris.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.267.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/267/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.011885"><emph type="italics"></emph>Schema medietatis pontis ab vno latere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011886">A, Sublicæ ſuperiores aduerſus flumen. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011887">BB, Sublicæ inferiores annexæ ponti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011888">C, Tigna bina ſuperiora. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011889">D, Trabs latitudinis duorum pedum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011890">E, E, E, E, Fibulæ connectentes D, tra<lb></lb>bem cum tignis ſuperioribus, & inferio<lb></lb>ribus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011891">F, Tigna bina inferiora.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>minis curſum poſitas, multis, aliis tranſ<lb></lb>uerſis ſuperpoſitis inuicem etiam conne<lb></lb>xis iungito: quibus longuriis ac craticulis <lb></lb>ſuperſtratis pons efficitur. </s> <s id="s.011892">Ad cuius ſecu<lb></lb>ritatem tigna plurima in ſuperiori fluminis <lb></lb>parte prona aduerſus fluuij impetum à <lb></lb>toto opere ſeparata: in inferiore ſublicæ, & <lb></lb>ipſæ aduerſus fluminis impetum, ſed ti<lb></lb>gnis longè proniores, totique operi iun<lb></lb>ctæ firmiter defigantur. </s> <s id="s.011893">Ita ſuperiora tigna, <lb></lb>fluminis impetum & proiectas trabes exci<lb></lb>pient, & ipſa moles, vt magis premetur ab <lb></lb>vndis, mutuo complexu firmior reddetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011894">Sed hic pons ſtabilis eſt, omníque oneri <lb></lb>ſufficiens. </s> <s id="s.011895">At celerem fabricam explicabunt <lb></lb>ſolæ funes & ergatæ, aut pelles inflatæ, aut <lb></lb>tigna iuncta. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1640"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011896"><margin.target id="marg1640"></margin.target>Theatra bi<lb></lb>na cum ſcena <lb></lb>complentia <lb></lb>amphithe<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011897">Subtilior ſed minùs vtilis ratio amphi<lb></lb>theatri, cuius meminit. </s> <s id="s.011898">Plinius. </s> <s id="s.011899">Ea ſic ſe <lb></lb>habet. </s> <s id="s.011900">Cùm filius M. </s> <s id="s.011901">Scauri funebres lu<lb></lb>dos patri editurus, pompam Curtij æqua<lb></lb>re non poſſet, quòd ille ſummo ſumptu <lb></lb>eos edidiſſet, diuitiis longè præſtans, in<lb></lb>duſtria ſuperare tentauit. </s> <s id="s.011902">Itaque duo thea<lb></lb>tra ſemicirculi forma cum ſcena fabricauit, <lb></lb>quæ edito ſcenæ ſpectaculo circumacta <lb></lb>cardilibus amphitheatrum explicarent: in <lb></lb>cuius orcheſtradum ludos edit, dúmque an<lb></lb>tè in ſcenis ſpectacula, populus gentium <lb></lb>dormitor ludibrio audaciæ duobus cardi<lb></lb>dinibus, & penſilij machina non ſolùm <lb></lb>penderet, ſed etiam circumageretur: quæ<lb></lb>ritur meritò, quum ſcena Latina à ſum<lb></lb>mo theatri vertice diſtet nonaginta parti<lb></lb>bus tota diametros eſt 120. vt Vitruuius <lb></lb>docet, qua arte fieri poſſit, vt immota <lb></lb>ſcena ambo theatra in vnum coëant am<lb></lb>phitheatrum. </s> <s id="s.011903">Ponantur igitur ſemicircu<lb></lb>li duo A B C, & A D C, puncta me<lb></lb>dia B & D. </s> <s id="s.011904">Sintque arcus A E & C F, <lb></lb>maiores nonaginta tertia minores nonagin<lb></lb>ta ſexta. </s> <s id="s.011905">Quare rectè A E & C F, maiores <lb></lb>erunt 87. & minores octoginta nouem. </s> <s id="s.011906">Igitur <lb></lb>poſitis cardinibus in E & F, erunt G E & <lb></lb>H F, maiores 59. 2/3 minores 59. 11/12 Sunt <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.267.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/267/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>enim minores dimidio diametri, quia cardi<lb></lb>nes diſtant à punctis B & D, quæ ſunt me<lb></lb>dia ſemicirculorum, & ea diſtantia, vt ſup<lb></lb>ponitur, maior eſt tribus partibus, & minor <lb></lb>ſex. </s> <s id="s.011907">Igitur A E & C F, prominebunt vltra <lb></lb>directum AC, id eſt vltra ſemidiametrum <lb></lb>plus quàm partibus vigintiſeptem 1/12 & <lb></lb>minus, quàm vigintinouem. </s> <s id="s.011908">1/3 Sed ſcena <lb></lb>prominet triginta partibus vltra ſemidia<lb></lb>metrum, quia diſtat nonaginta partibus à <lb></lb>punctis B & D, igitur A & C, circumacta <lb></lb>non tangent ſcenam. </s> <s id="s.011909">Sed neque inuicem <lb></lb>impediens ſe, quia AE & AF, ſunt mino<lb></lb>res centum ſexaginta nouem 2/3 in 1/60 <lb></lb>partis, ſed A B & A D, ſunt maiores cen<lb></lb>tum ſexaginta nouem 2/3 in. </s> <s id="s.011910">1/26 Nam A B <lb></lb>AD quadrata, iuncta ſunt æqualia quadra<lb></lb>tis AF & AE, quia ſunt æqualia quadrato <lb></lb>totius dimetientis. </s> <s id="s.011911">Quum igitur AB & AD, <lb></lb>ſint inuicem æquales, & A E & A F inæ<lb></lb>quales, erunt AB & A D, iunctæ maiores <lb></lb>AE & AF, iunctis 1/18 partis vnius. </s> <s id="s.011912">Igitur <lb></lb>eſt inuenire ſitum, in quo theatra circum<lb></lb>uoluta non ſe impedient. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011913">Oportet autem ſenſim, alternatímque <lb></lb>circumagere, quum (vt dixi) diſcrimen quo <lb></lb>ſeparari inuicem poſſunt, vix 1/18 vnius <lb></lb>partis ſuperet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011914">Sunt & duo alij modi, ſed minus elegan<lb></lb>tes, quibus fabricari hac ratione theatra <lb></lb>poſſunt: verùm in altero theatra oui for<lb></lb>mam referunt, vt non ſint rotunda: in reli<lb></lb>qua quamuis in medio diuiſum ſit amphi<lb></lb>theatrum, non tamen rectè, nec ſecundum <lb></lb>dimetientem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011915">Quarum ſubtilitatis exemplum eſt in tro<arrow.to.target n="marg1641"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>chleis: conſtat hac ratione: Pondus A an<lb></lb>nectitur trochleæ inferiori, in qua duo or<lb></lb>biculi B & C, qui circumuertuntur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011916"><margin.target id="marg1641"></margin.target>Ponderum <lb></lb><expan abbr="fã">familiè</expan> leuan<lb></lb>dorum ratio</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011917">In ſuperiore trochlea, duo alij D & E, fu<lb></lb>nis circumagitur circa D, & deſcendit per F <lb></lb>ad C, & aſcendit per G, & circumuertitur <lb></lb>ad E, deſcendens per H, circumuertitur ipſi <lb></lb>B, & aſcendens trochleæ nectitur in K. </s> <s id="s.011918">Igi<lb></lb>tur ex L pondus trahitur, & quia ſuſtinetur <lb></lb>ab FGHK, non erit niſi quarta pars ponde<lb></lb>ris A, quæ à ſingulis funibus ſuſtinetur, qua<lb></lb>re à quarta parte roboris ſurſum trahi po<lb></lb>terit. </s> <s id="s.011919">Et ſi in ſingulis trochleis tres eſſent <lb></lb>orbiculi, à ſexta roboris parte: atque ita puer <lb></lb>poterit immenſum pondus ſurſum trahere, <lb></lb>niſi quantum funium grauitas, orbiculorum <lb></lb>aſperitas, & motus difficultas obſtant. </s> <s id="s.011920">Sed <lb></lb>quia temporum proportio eſt, vt potentia<lb></lb>rum per binos orbiculos, quadruplo, per ter-<pb pagenum="621" xlink:href="016/01/268.jpg"></pb>nos ſexeuplo lentius trahet, quàm ſi eodem <lb></lb>robore imò etiam paulò maiore ſupra vnica <lb></lb>traheret fune, longè autem lentius ſexcuplo <lb></lb>vel quadruplo, quantò funis longitudo ma<lb></lb>gis addit ad pondus: quo fit vt puer ille vix <lb></lb>vnius horæ ſpatio idem pondus his trochleis <lb></lb>trahet, quòd ſexcuplo robuſtior vir, vnica <lb></lb>fune ſuperius ſtans, illicò leuare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.011921">Ita<lb></lb>que artis & ingenij eſt, vt quiſque pondus <lb></lb>quodlibet leuare poſſit. </s> <s id="s.011922">At verò vt funis à <lb></lb>pluribus trahi poſſit, ſub orbiculo trahitur <lb></lb>terræ æquidiſtans. </s> <s id="s.011923">Quòd ſi faciliùs trahere <lb></lb>libet, ergata vtimur, quòd inſtrumentum in <lb></lb>vſu eſt omnibus: hoc enim axibus circum<lb></lb>actis circumuoluta funis trahit pondera <lb></lb>quæque. </s> <s id="s.011924">At in hoc etiam quantumlibet <lb></lb>laborem leuare licet axium longitudine: <lb></lb>nam eò facilius trahunt, quò fuerint lon<lb></lb>giores. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.268.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/268/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.268.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/268/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1642"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011925"><margin.target id="marg1642"></margin.target>Ratio <expan abbr="trahẽ-di">trahen<lb></lb>di</expan> impellen<lb></lb>dive maxima <lb></lb>quæque par<lb></lb>uis viribus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011926">Simili ratione conſtat cochleæ, quas vi<lb></lb>tes vocamus. </s> <s id="s.011927">Cochlea AB, intus verò maſcu<lb></lb>lus, ſeu vitis C D, quæ circumagitur vt ſo<lb></lb>let: manubrium quod maſculo iungitur EF, <lb></lb>vertitur axe GH facilè ob dictam rationem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011928">I imo KL, maſculo iunctum ad perpendicu<lb></lb>lum, huic adiicitur pondus librarum vtpote <lb></lb>centum mille, quod ſit M. </s> <s id="s.011929">Verſa igitur GH, <lb></lb>trahetur KL ſurſum, pondúſque M aſcendet: <lb></lb>contrario modo verſa GH, & ratione eadem <lb></lb>KL impelletur, inflectétque ferrum oppoſi<lb></lb>tum craſſitudinis incredibilis. </s> <s id="s.011930">Demonſtre<lb></lb>mus igitur quòd pondus M moueri poſſit, & <lb></lb>qua ratione. </s> <s id="s.011931">Nam cùm ſit centum N, pon<lb></lb>deris in L, ſingulæ ſpiræ ſuſtineant, ſi de<lb></lb>cem fuerint, erunt in ſingulis decem millia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011932">At verò in vnaquaque ſpira tantum reti<lb></lb>nent ponderis hæ decem mille libræ, quanta <lb></lb>eſt proportio rotunditatis ad funem cui M <lb></lb>ſuſpenditur. </s> <s id="s.011933">Quanto igitur in C D plures <lb></lb>fuerint ſpiræ, ac humiliores, id eſt, circulo <lb></lb>proximiores, tum maiores, eò M pondus le<lb></lb>uius reddetur, motúſque facilior: ac quantò <lb></lb>facilior, eò tardior. </s> <s id="s.011934">Igitur ſpatium duorum <lb></lb>cubitorum cochlea fieri poteſt tam latis, ac <lb></lb>humilibus ſpiris, quòd M pondus à decenni <lb></lb>puero facilè ſurſum trahetur. </s> <s id="s.011935">Verùm (vt di<lb></lb>xi) quod facilius, eò lentius mouebitur. </s> <s id="s.011936">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur tractum fuerit iuxta L K, longitudi<lb></lb>nem oportebit M ſuſpendi his quæ machi<lb></lb>nam ſuſtinent in N & O. </s> <s id="s.011937">Et tunc iterum <lb></lb>emiſſa contrario motu K L adiicimus pon<lb></lb>dus, rurſúmque trahemus, eleuabimúſque <lb></lb>ſpatio KL, donec nectendo ſæpius è mari, <lb></lb>vel è flumine nauim, ponduſve aliud immen<lb></lb>ſum extrahamus. </s> <s id="s.011938">Hoc igitur illud exiſtiman<lb></lb>dum eſt, fuiſſe inſtrumentum Archimedis <lb></lb>leuitate Græcorum, & vetuſtate amplifica<lb></lb>tum, quo antiquos in ſui traxit admiratio<lb></lb>nem. </s> <s id="s.011939">Nam ſic puer facilè trahet onuſtam <lb></lb>nauim, quàm nec iuga viginti boum loco <lb></lb>mouere poterunt. </s> <s id="s.011940">Conſtat Chalybe duriſſi<lb></lb>mo, ne flectatur: leuiſſimo, nec impediatur: <lb></lb>ſolidum & oleo illinitur. </s> <s id="s.011941">Nam oleum admo<arrow.to.target n="marg1643"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tum iuuat ob lenitatem: cúmque putredi<lb></lb>ni obnoxium minimè ſit, rubiginem non <lb></lb>admittit. </s> <s id="s.011942">Inter ea enim quæ facilem motum <lb></lb>præſtant, oleum obtinet principatum, quan<lb></lb>quam & magis quod ex materia fit muco<lb></lb>ſum humorem continente, qualis eſt fœnu<lb></lb>græcum. </s> <s id="s.011943">Narrat Ioſephus, pro Iota patenis <lb></lb>depugnantem decocto fœnugræci conſper<lb></lb>ſum pontem adeò labilem reddidiſſe, vt Ro<lb></lb>mani milites è cœpta oppugnatione deſti<lb></lb>terint, quum loco conſiſtere non poſſent: & <lb></lb>quanto inſtrumentum minus erit, tametſi <lb></lb>difficilius trahet eò tamen maiorem pariet <lb></lb>admirationem. </s> <s id="s.011944">Hac ratione excogitata eſt <lb></lb>machina ad immenſa pondera eleuanda, <lb></lb>quæ cochleæ inſtrumento & ergata con<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> <s id="s.011945">Sit AB catena, pondus eleuandum H, <lb></lb>trabs cui affixa catena eſt tranſuerſa AD. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011946">In tigno ad perpendiculum ſtante C, locus <lb></lb>ſit in quo fibula infixa tigno cui trabs AD <lb></lb>excauata inſiſtat, vt aſcendere, deſcenderé<lb></lb>que poſſit A, dum D deorſum fertur. </s> <s id="s.011947">Sit D <lb></lb>E tignum aliud ad perpendiculum, quod co<lb></lb>chleæ inſtar excauatum excipiatur à trabe <lb></lb>in D: & ſit ergata FG. </s> <s id="s.011948">Pars trabis quæ co<lb></lb>chleam maſculam refert E, ſicut in trabe <lb></lb>cochleæ pars fœmina D. </s> <s id="s.011949">Tignum DE ver<lb></lb>ſatile ergata, DC pars trabis, tripla AC parti <lb></lb>exteriori. </s> <s id="s.011950">Sit gratia exempli, & FG octupla <lb></lb>tigni DE craſſitudini. </s> <s id="s.011951">Sit verò ratio latitu<lb></lb>dinis cochleæ ad profunditatem quintupla <lb></lb>ducemus igitur ex demonſtratis hîc primó<lb></lb>que libro, octo in quinque, fiúntque qua<lb></lb>draginta, quæ ducta per tria producunt 120. <lb></lb>Si igitur H ſit pondus 1200. librarum, cùm <lb></lb>diuiſum per 120. prodeant 10. à vi quæ 10. <lb></lb>libras eleuare poſſit, eodem nixu quo libræ <lb></lb>illæ 10. eleuabitur. </s> <s id="s.011952">Quod ſi D modiolus ina<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.268.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/268/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>nis quieſcat in partibus cochleæ, vt par eſt, <lb></lb>immota ergata, poterit ſenſim fune, vel ca-<pb pagenum="622" xlink:href="016/01/269.jpg"></pb>tena ponderi iniecta, quæ ipſum interim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1644"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuſtineat, ab alio verò tigno iuxta AB fixo, <lb></lb>rurſus AD trabe remiſſa, H in quamcunque <lb></lb>volueris altitudinem trahi. </s> <s id="s.011953">Refert Munſte<lb></lb>rus, in Alſatia rotis bigalibus, curribúſque è <lb></lb>bubali corio, è profundiſſimis puteis tanto <lb></lb>impetu aquam exhauriri, vt rotæ quamuis li<lb></lb>gneæ ſint & madidæ, ignem tamen excu<lb></lb>tiant. </s> <s id="s.011954">Videtur igitur inſtrumentum illud <lb></lb>tria egregia amplecti, altitudinem, capaci<lb></lb>tatem, atque celeritatem. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1645"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011955"><margin.target id="marg1643"></margin.target>Oleum illi<lb></lb>tum ferro, <lb></lb>vel chalybi <lb></lb>duplicem <lb></lb>præſtat vti<lb></lb>litatem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011956">Quæ maxi<lb></lb>mè labi fa<lb></lb>ciant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011957"><margin.target id="marg1644"></margin.target>Rotæ quib. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011958">maxima <lb></lb>aqua hauri<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011959"><margin.target id="marg1645"></margin.target>Curruum <lb></lb>ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011960">Sed his relictis, ad plauſtra & currus tran<lb></lb>ſeundum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011961">Quæcunque igitur rotis maio<lb></lb>ribus innituntur, in molli ſolo facillimè, ac <lb></lb>celerrimè mouentur, quòd hærens lutum <lb></lb>rotarum minimam occupet partem, atque <lb></lb>ideò parum impediat. </s> <s id="s.011962">Semper etiam maior <lb></lb>rota celerius ſpatium ſuperat vbi ferendo <lb></lb>ſufficiat oneri. </s> <s id="s.011963">Quantò etiam pauciores, eò <lb></lb>perficitur celerius iter. </s> <s id="s.011964">Nam plures ſi paruæ <lb></lb>ſunt, minore ambitu minus conficiunt ſpatij: <lb></lb>ſi magnæ, addunt vi grauitatem, nec tamen <lb></lb>plus amplectuntur ſpatij, ob id igitur ſe<lb></lb>gnius mouentur. </s> <s id="s.011965">Quamobrem Imperatores <lb></lb>Romani eſſedo, id eſt, curru duarum magna<lb></lb>rum rotarum vehebantur. </s> <s id="s.011966">Nam vbi pondus <lb></lb>haud admodum graue eſt, aut pluribus equis <lb></lb>trahitur, celerrimè perficitur iter. </s> <s id="s.011967">Eſſedis <lb></lb>hac de cauſa bellica immodici ponderis <lb></lb>tormento deferuntur. </s> <s id="s.011968">Rurſus facilitatis ra<lb></lb>tio huic eſt ad vnguem exquiſitè contraria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011969">In ſolido enim ſolo plures paucis, & paruæ <lb></lb>magnis, ad facilitatem præſtant. </s> <s id="s.011970">Nam pon<lb></lb>dus quaſi per rotas diſtribuitur: vnde fit <lb></lb>additio proportionum illarum, non multi<lb></lb>plicatio. </s> <s id="s.011971">Exemplum: Sex duplæ inuicem du<lb></lb>ctæ, ſexaginta quatuor ad vnum reddunt ra<lb></lb>tionem. </s> <s id="s.011972">Eædem iunctæ faciunt duodecu<lb></lb>plam. </s> <s id="s.011973">Tantum intereſt inter additionem & <lb></lb>multiplicationem. </s> <s id="s.011974">Quòd igitur vna rota <lb></lb>pondus refert librarum 60. ſex in rotis, 10. <lb></lb>tantum æquiualet, ita & à paruitate auxi<lb></lb>lium ſumitur, nam eò facilius quò tardius: <lb></lb>at dictum eſt tardius pondera vehi, ac ferri <lb></lb>in paruis rotis, quàm magnis, eò igitur vt <lb></lb>facilius. </s> <s id="s.011975">Additur & tertia ratio facilitatis, <lb></lb>quia axis non premitur, ideò liberius cir<lb></lb>cumagitur. </s> <s id="s.011976">Ob id igitur in paruis, atque hu<lb></lb>milibus plauſtris, quæ axibus plurium rota<lb></lb>rum non inſident, maxima pondera in firmo <lb></lb>ſolo committuntur. </s> <s id="s.011977">At in vdo, cœnoſóque <lb></lb>magnæ ac paucæ rotæ non ſolùm celerius, <lb></lb>multóque, ſed etiam facilius pondera ve<lb></lb>hunt. </s> <s id="s.011978">Cúmque fixi radij è directo axis cele<lb></lb>rius, & facilius circumuertantur rotam, pau<lb></lb>lò exterius prominentes melius pondus ſu<lb></lb>ſtinent, & recuperationi ſunt habiliores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011979">Quæcunque verò rotas poſteriores maiores <lb></lb>habent anterioribus, quaſi incumbente one<lb></lb>re facilius trahuntur: cùm onus ſemetip<lb></lb>ſum impellat: & in aſcenſu redduntur æqua<lb></lb>les: licet in his iuſto plus partes anteriores <lb></lb>premantur. <arrow.to.target n="marg1646"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011980"><margin.target id="marg1646"></margin.target>Ergatarum <lb></lb>ratio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011981">Diximus de axibus ergatarum, quòd lon<lb></lb>giores eſſe debeant: nam iuxta longitudinis <lb></lb>rationem ſingula capita minuunt pondus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011982">Duplicati igitur ad dimidium etiam dedu<lb></lb>cunt. </s> <s id="s.011983">Ita quatuor ad quartam partem: adeò <lb></lb>vt ſi vnico axe cubitali quatuor homines <lb></lb>centum libras vehant, aut trahant, quatuor <lb></lb>axibus ſenum cubitorum iidem libras b s <lb></lb>mille, & quadringentas vehent, deducta ta<lb></lb>men additione ponderis axium, quod mini<lb></lb>mum eſt. </s> <s id="s.011984">Hæc autem ratio ſuperius dum de <lb></lb>ſtatera loqueremur demonſtrata eſt. </s> <s id="s.011985">Ita fit <lb></lb>vt maximis rotis hominibus per gradus ſa<lb></lb>lientibus, maxima pondera circa axem fune <lb></lb>circumacta trahantur. </s> <s id="s.011986">Vt enim dimetientis <arrow.to.target n="marg1647"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rotæ ad axis dimetientem, ita ponderis fune <lb></lb>eleuati ad pondus ac robur hominum, qui <lb></lb>intrò rotam circumagunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.011987"><margin.target id="marg1647"></margin.target>Rota & cur <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>pondera ma<lb></lb>xima eleuet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.011988">Similis in ictibus conſideratio: nam ſe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1648"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>curis ictu ferit, maximo pondere preſſa non <lb></lb>diuiduntur, & tamen pondus maiorem ha<lb></lb>bebit vim ictu. </s> <s id="s.011989">Cauſa eſt, quòd aër non po<lb></lb>teſt in ictu effugere: quanquam enim acuta <lb></lb>cuſpide, momento tamen tam paruo tempo<lb></lb>ris effugere nequit. </s> <s id="s.011990">Ne igitur nimis denſe<lb></lb>tur, cogitur in poros ingredi ſubiecti ligni, <lb></lb>atque cunei vice diuidere illud. </s> <s id="s.011991">Indicio eſt, <lb></lb>quòd paulò tardior ictus, maximum in diui<lb></lb>dendo diſcrimen affert <expan abbr="dilabẽte">dilabente</expan> aëre. </s> <s id="s.011992">Quòd ſi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1649"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ictus, rei latæ velox ſit ingrediente aëre, vbi<lb></lb>que reſoluitur quod ſubiectum eſt, quaſi in <lb></lb>nihil: vt qui feriuntur pila machinæ, quam <lb></lb>bombardam vocant. </s> <s id="s.011993">Sed nix homo magnum <lb></lb>aliquid, etiamſi leuiſſimum ſit, celerrimè <lb></lb>mouere poterit: ob hanc cauſam quicquid <lb></lb>ferietur in aërem, & ſpiritum reſolui neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.011994">Sed cur enſis in vertice ferit maximè? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.011995">quia motus centrum eſt ipſa manus: perife<lb></lb>ria in cuſpide, ita interuallo iſto etiam ar<lb></lb>ma, & aſſides diuiduntur. </s> <s id="s.011996">Sic calcitroſis equis <lb></lb>proximi, ſecuriores ſumus quàm paulò re<lb></lb>motiores. </s> <s id="s.011997">Addit ad vim attractio non pa<lb></lb>rum: quoniam ſi non trahatur, quod diui<lb></lb>ſum eſt, impedit ne diuidatur: dum trahi<lb></lb>tur raptim, quòd impedit aufertur: & inca<lb></lb>leſcit quod diuiditur: hocque modo triplici <lb></lb>ratione ictus cum attractione ſumma gladij <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1650"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>parte melius ſecant. </s> <s id="s.011998">Haſtæ quoque longio<lb></lb>res magis concutiunt, & magis perforant <lb></lb>breuibus, quòd maius habeant pondus, & <lb></lb>maioribus viribus, quamvis nos fallat opi<lb></lb>nio, impelluntur. </s> <s id="s.011999">Horum memoria in men<lb></lb>tem illud reuocauit, quòd niſi quotidie oc<lb></lb>curreret, parum à miraculo abeſſe videretur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012000">Nauis onerata quam vix quadraginta boum <lb></lb>iuga mouerent, ventus celerrimè impellit: <lb></lb>quódque maius eſt, tenuis carbaſus, quàm <lb></lb>digitus terebraret impulſu, ſinuata tantam <lb></lb>molem ducit, & non diſrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.012001">Cauſa <lb></lb>facilitatis motus eſt triplex: magnitudo car<lb></lb>baſi quauis magna venti colligitur, & alti<lb></lb>tudo, vt demonſtratum eſt, ac impetus prio<lb></lb>ris motus: nam ab initio vix mouetur. </s> <s id="s.012002">Vn<lb></lb>de dubitationem haberet Ariſtoteles, qui <lb></lb>motus violentos minui iuxta finem exiſti<lb></lb>mat. </s> <s id="s.012003">Conſtat autem ab æquali vento, ſi paria <lb></lb>ſint reliqua, motum nauis ſemper fieri cele<lb></lb>riorem. </s> <s id="s.012004">An non ſemper, ſed ad metam vſque? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012005">Palam enim ab initio augeri. </s> <s id="s.012006">Sed cauſa eſt, <lb></lb><expan abbr="quoniã">quoniam</expan> etiam ceſſante eo quod mouet motus <lb></lb>ipſe (vt diximus) violentus augetur, quantò <lb></lb>magis nam manente cauſa. </s> <s id="s.012007">Magis etiam in <lb></lb>aqua, ob maius impedimentum. </s> <s id="s.012008">Tripliciter <lb></lb>igitur naues concitato iam curſu velociùs <lb></lb>mouentur, quàm ab initio: cauſam autem <pb pagenum="623" xlink:href="016/01/270.jpg"></pb><arrow.to.target n="marg1651"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>horum iam (vt dixi) demonſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.012009">Ve<lb></lb>rùm quomodo tam tenue linum tantam vim <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.270.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/270/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſuſtineat, vt mali ipſi & funes <lb></lb>quàm vela faciliùs frangantur, <lb></lb>hæc eſt: quoniam impetus venti <lb></lb>per partes carbaſi diuiditur. </s> <s id="s.012010">Sit <lb></lb>enim carboſus ABCDE, & ſi <lb></lb>in A parte, tota vis colligeretur <lb></lb>quæ nauem impellit, cùm etiam <lb></lb>B ſinuetur duplo magis, ac tri<lb></lb>plo, & ſecundum numerum partium velo<lb></lb>cius moueret? </s> <s id="s.012011">At non mouetur, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> igitur to<lb></lb>ta vis in vna parte colligitur. </s> <s id="s.012012">Neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>igitur vim diſtribui iuxta partes magnitudi<lb></lb>nis veli. </s> <s id="s.012013">Ac collectio hæc fit iuxta multipli<lb></lb>candi rationem, non additionis: igitur à <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.270.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/270/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>paruo impetu magnum <lb></lb>pondus ſic mouetur. </s> <s id="s.012014">Si <lb></lb>enim quatuor triplas iun<lb></lb>xeris, fit duodecupla: fi <lb></lb>multiplicaueris, fiet pro<lb></lb>portio octuaginta vnius ad <lb></lb>vnum. </s> <s id="s.012015">Ex ſe igitur quintu<lb></lb>plis colliguntur per iam additionis 30. ex <lb></lb>quinque autem duplis multiplicat inuicem <lb></lb>32. Si igitur inuicem conferantur, quinque <lb></lb>duplæ mouebunt pondus ſex quintuplarum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012016">Ob id vela magna difficilius frangantur par<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1652"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uis dum æqualiter mouent. </s> <s id="s.012017">Nec eſt ratio <lb></lb>motus, vt velorum: nam carboſus, quæ paſſus <lb></lb>obtineat decem, ſi nauim impellit paſſuum <lb></lb>1000. quatuor in ſingulas horas, quæ 15. <lb></lb>paſſus magnitudinis obtinet, eò velocius <lb></lb>mouebit, quò proportio exceſſus 15. ad ma<lb></lb>gnitudinem à qua primum nauis moueri in<lb></lb>cipit, ad exceſſum decem paſſuum ad ean<lb></lb>dem. </s> <s id="s.012018">Similiter & de altitudine. </s> <s id="s.012019">Sed alia ra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1653"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tio eſt. </s> <s id="s.012020">Facit etiam ad tutelam carbaſorum <lb></lb>venti ſubſtantia mollior, & motus conſimi<lb></lb>lis. </s> <s id="s.012021">Sicut enim motus concurſus, cuius tre<lb></lb>mulus pars eſt, ad fracturam plurimùm fa<lb></lb>cit, ita fugitiuus qualis in velis plurimum <lb></lb>prohibet: quoniam omnis motus circa ali<lb></lb>quid fit quod quieſcat. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1654"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012022"><margin.target id="marg1648"></margin.target>Ictus cur fe<lb></lb>riat, pondus <lb></lb>non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012023"><margin.target id="marg1649"></margin.target>Ictus quomo<lb></lb>do validiſ<lb></lb>ſimi, & vbi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012024"><margin.target id="marg1650"></margin.target>Cur in ictu <lb></lb>attractio <lb></lb>gladij ad <lb></lb>ſcindendum <lb></lb><expan abbr="plurimũ">plurimum</expan> con<lb></lb>ducat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012025">Haſtæ lon<lb></lb>giores cur <lb></lb>tranſuerbe<lb></lb>rent magis <lb></lb>breuibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012026">Nauis à ve<lb></lb>lis cur tam <lb></lb>celeriter mo<lb></lb>ueatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012027"><margin.target id="marg1651"></margin.target>Cur vela <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>tanto impetu <lb></lb>ſinuentur, à <lb></lb>ventis non <lb></lb><expan abbr="diſrumpãtur">diſrumpantur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012028"><margin.target id="marg1652"></margin.target>Vela magna <lb></lb>tutiora par<lb></lb>uis à fractu<lb></lb>ra.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012029"><margin.target id="marg1653"></margin.target>Ratio motus <lb></lb>nauium <lb></lb>carbaſis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012030"><margin.target id="marg1654"></margin.target>Seræ quomo<lb></lb>do ab vnci<lb></lb>nis tutæ <expan abbr="fiãt">fiant</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012031">Facilior eſt clauium ratio, ſed tamen eiuſ<lb></lb>dem generis. </s> <s id="s.012032">Nam cùm ſecundum latitudi<lb></lb>nem <expan abbr="diuidtũur">diuiduntur</expan>, vncinus breuis ſolùm poteſt <lb></lb>immiti, vndè cùm ab axe parum diſtet, non <lb></lb>poteſt repagulum retrò agi: longus etiam <lb></lb>vncinus ac ſtrictus vim, & robur non habet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012033">Duriora tamen repagula, & plura ſeptis di<lb></lb>ſtincta, tutiora aduerſus vncinos. </s> <s id="s.012034">Securiſſi<lb></lb>ma ſera, quæ obicem habet, altera clauis par<lb></lb>te tollendum, altera repagulum, ſepto inter <lb></lb>obicem ac repagulum intercedente. </s> <s id="s.012035">Si ſera<lb></lb>rum modos hîc narrare voluero, tædium res <lb></lb>ipſa pariet. </s> <s id="s.012036">Vnius tamen exemplum ſubii<arrow.to.target n="marg1655"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ciam, quàm Ianellus conſtruxit. </s> <s id="s.012037">Hæc ſub <lb></lb>quouis nomine quod ſeptem literis conſta<lb></lb>ret, ad vnguem claudi poterat: nec ſub alio <lb></lb>quàm clauſa eſſet reſerari. </s> <s id="s.012038">Orbis primùm <lb></lb>erat ſolidus, atque ex aduerſo lenis parte an<lb></lb>teriore canalis ex centro rectus prominebat, <lb></lb>in cuius faſtigio cochlea maſcula breuis <lb></lb>erat. </s> <s id="s.012039">In huius etiam orbis marginæ alius eſt <lb></lb>canalis inanis, rotundus, magnitudine æqua<lb></lb>lis, & æquidiſtans: atque ex aduerſo duæ li<lb></lb>neæ paruæ limbum diſtinguunt. </s> <s id="s.012040">His lineis <lb></lb>ſeptem dictionis literæ, orbiculos circuma<lb></lb>gendo, aptandove, è directo poni debent, <lb></lb>eo ordine quem ſeruare inſtituiſti: vt no<lb></lb>men (gratia exempli) ſeptem literarum ſit <lb></lb>SERPENS, ſinguli orbes è directo ſpatij <lb></lb>duarum linearum ſuam literam conſtituent, <lb></lb>vt vel claudi, vel aperiri poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012041"><margin.target id="marg1655"></margin.target>Seræ quæ ſub <lb></lb>quocunque <lb></lb>nomine clau<lb></lb>di poreſt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012042">Erunt enim ſeptem orbes in margine al<lb></lb>phabetum habentes, quorum vnum pro <lb></lb>exemplo in margine deſcripſi: aut totidem <lb></lb>numero, quotus eſt literarum numerus, ſub <lb></lb>quo claudi debet. </s> <s id="s.012043">In medio circulus latus, <lb></lb>totidem diſtinctus ſpatiis, quot ſunt in mar<lb></lb>gine literæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012044">Totidem quoque orbiculi dentati, quot <lb></lb>ſunt ordines alphabeti. </s> <s id="s.012045">Hos in tertia figura <lb></lb>denticulo adiecto deſcripſi: vel, vt in quarta, <lb></lb>partem orbium ſecundæ figuræ poſteriorem <lb></lb>cùm ſpatio in orbiculo medio, cui denticu<lb></lb>lus parui orbis infigatur. </s> <s id="s.012046">Manifeſtum eſt <lb></lb>enim, ſic circumuerſo ſecundo orbe ſimul <lb></lb>& tertium ſecum trahi, & tamen non niſi <lb></lb>fixa litera loco ſuo vnus alteri, aut iungi po<lb></lb>terit, aut auelli. </s> <s id="s.012047">Cùm concluſa fuerit ſera cir<lb></lb>cumaguntur orbes abſque impedimento, vt <lb></lb>ſic nominis ratio confundatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012048">Sed iſta mittamus, quæ magis curioſa <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.270.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/270/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſunt, quàm vtilia: illud potius quod ad quo<lb></lb>tidianum vſum pertinet doceamus, ſcilicet <lb></lb>quonam pacto in arca pecuniæ ita abſcondi <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1656"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>poſſint, vt neque veſtigium loci appareat: <lb></lb>nec ſi ſciatur, niſi confracta arca pecuniæ, <lb></lb>aut gemmæ extrahi. </s> <s id="s.012049">Pluribus enim prodeſt <lb></lb>ſcire quòd ſint: nam etſi non cognoſcant <lb></lb>vbi, prætentant, veſtigant: & quandoque eò <lb></lb>licentiæ perueniunt, vt frangere aggredian<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.012050">Nihil enim magis fures, ac latrones au<lb></lb>dere facit, quàm ſcire, ceróque cognoſcere <lb></lb>adeſſe prædam, & ſi vbi exquiſitè ſit neſ<lb></lb>ciant: vt contrà nihil tam illorum frangit <lb></lb>audaciam, quàm ſi dubitent prædam non ad<lb></lb>eſſe. </s> <s id="s.012051">Itaque conandum ad ſecuritatem maxi<lb></lb>mè vt nidulus lateat: deinde etiamſi ſciant <lb></lb>adeſſe, vt difficillimè extraxi poſſit. </s> <s id="s.012052">Nemo <lb></lb>ignorat materiam è ferro, craſſitudinem ta<lb></lb>bularum neceſſariam eſſe. </s> <s id="s.012053">Tum verò vſitata, <lb></lb>duplicem arcæ fundum, aut è lateribus arcu<lb></lb>las, & recondita ſcriniola abditóſque receſ<lb></lb>ſus, quæ omnia ſagacem virum haud fallere <lb></lb>poſſunt, cum craſſitudinem partium, & late-<pb pagenum="624" xlink:href="016/01/271.jpg"></pb>rum inuicem comparauerit. </s> <s id="s.012054">Itaque in late<lb></lb>ribus, vel angulis decliuiore loco foramen <lb></lb>aperitur exiguum, intus verò cauitas eſt in <lb></lb>tabula quantam volumus, imò plures inclu<lb></lb>duntur pecuniæ, & cum cotto completur ca<lb></lb>uitas, inde tenuiſſima ligni ſcobe, & albo oui <lb></lb>locus quà patet clauditur, vt etiam eum qui <lb></lb>clauſerit, fallat. </s> <s id="s.012055">Aliud Tabula ciuitati obdu<lb></lb>citur ita arctè, vt rima non appareat. </s> <s id="s.012056">In fru<lb></lb>ſto quòd amoueri poteſt cochlea parua è <lb></lb>metallo fœmina includitur, eíque clauus ſu<lb></lb>perponitur: alij illi conſimiles per arcam <lb></lb>certo ordine diſponuntur, cùm reſerandus <lb></lb>eſt locus ſublato clauo, cochlea maſcula in<lb></lb>truditur, fruſtúmque tabulæ auellitur. </s> <s id="s.012057">Sem<lb></lb>per autem memineris, vt loci inanitas, cùm <lb></lb>quippiam impoſueris, ne reſonet, cotto, vel <lb></lb>alio molli tomento impleatur. </s> <s id="s.012058">Plures etiam <lb></lb>ſic latebras facere potes. </s> <s id="s.012059">Aliud optimum vt <lb></lb>nihil melius: Seram aut ferreas laminas, qui<lb></lb>bus arcæ integumentum annectitur, clauis <lb></lb>in cochleæ formam aptatis tabulæ firmiter <lb></lb>iunges. </s> <s id="s.012060">Sub ſera, aut lamina oſtiola ſint ca<lb></lb>uitatum: cùm reſerare volueris, ferrum ha<lb></lb>beas vt à latere vides, in cuius extremo ca<lb></lb>uitas ſit, quæ capita clauorum firmiter ap<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.271.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/271/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>præhendat, ſic vt reuolui vi ſeram, <lb></lb>aut laminam ab arca diſiungi per<lb></lb>mittant. </s> <s id="s.012061">Oportet autem vt opus <lb></lb>ſit ſtabile, clauis ſubigere cochleas <lb></lb>fœminas, quæ clauos arctè ſuſpi<lb></lb>ciant, eáſque arcæ lateri ſub bracteis dictis <lb></lb>collocare. </s> <s id="s.012062">In arcis etiam quæ tela intus ob<lb></lb>ducuntur, multi alij modi ſolent excogitari: <lb></lb>ſed in vniuerſum danda eſt opera, vt vel om<lb></lb>ninò lateat foramen, vt primo exemplo do<lb></lb>cuimus, vel vt firmiſſimo præſidio, & ſolita <lb></lb>bractea abſcondatur. </s> <s id="s.012063">Sic etiam magis late<lb></lb>bit, & oſcula ſolubilis arcæ incertis tabula<lb></lb>rum capitibus integantur. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.271.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/271/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1657"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012064"><margin.target id="marg1656"></margin.target>Arca quæ <lb></lb>pecunias re<lb></lb>condit <expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> <lb></lb>indicio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012065"><margin.target id="marg1657"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio mirabilis <lb></lb>roboris axis, <lb></lb>in qua gem<lb></lb>mæ ſculpun<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012066">Sed ad rotarum hiſtoriam redeamus. </s> <s id="s.012067">Gem<lb></lb>mæ cælantur ac terebrantur mira arte. </s> <s id="s.012068">Hæc <lb></lb>autem eſt: Rota magna lignea funiculo <lb></lb>circumambitur, eodémque rurſus parua, quæ <lb></lb>magnæ ſuperſtat, ea ratione qua à latere de<lb></lb>ſcriptas vides. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012069">Cùm igitur tanta portio ABC, quæ ſit <lb></lb>AB, quanta eſt DEF tota circumagitur ver<lb></lb>titur G parua rota. </s> <s id="s.012070">Quoties igitur AB con<lb></lb>tinetur in ABC, toties in vna conuerſione <lb></lb>rotæ maioris, quæ vocetur H, parua rota <lb></lb>DEF circumuerſabitur Igitur qualis propor<lb></lb>tio magnitudinis ambitus H, vel axis ad am<lb></lb>bitum G, vel axem, talis erit numeri reuolu<lb></lb>tionem G, ad reuolutiones H: igitur G ma<lb></lb>ximo impetu circumagetur, quia in breuiſſi<lb></lb>mo temporis ſpatio: quare axis GK, terebra<lb></lb>bit, & comminuet gemmas. </s> <s id="s.012071">Ea ratione factis <lb></lb>in G denticulis, qui axem alterius rotæ cir<lb></lb>cumagant, dentibus illius impliciti quò rota <arrow.to.target n="marg1658"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maior eſſet, eò velocius reuolueretur. </s> <s id="s.012072">Quare <lb></lb>ſæpius maioris rotæ ratione repetita tum <lb></lb>axis, fiet motus celerrimus, atque violentiſſi<lb></lb>mus: ita tamen, vt vis quæ prima mouet, ro<lb></lb>buſtiſſima ſit, rotæque leuiſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.012073">Eadem ſub<lb></lb>tilitate vſi ſunt antiqui in ſtructura baliſta<lb></lb>rum, quibus pilæ, & ſcorpionum, quibus ſa<lb></lb>gittæ emittuntur: nam ſi nimium intendan<lb></lb>tur, diſrumpuntur: ſi parum, ictus reddunt <lb></lb>inualidos: ergo ad modulum ducenda res. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012074">Vitruius exiſtimat metam hanc à ſono de<lb></lb>duci debere. </s> <s id="s.012075">Tanta verò vi impellebant hæ, <lb></lb>vt Ioſephus referat machina hominis calua<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1659"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>riam excuſſam, ad tria ſtadia tranſlatam. </s> <s id="s.012076">Et <lb></lb>infantem è matris ventre ad ſtadij dimi<lb></lb>dium. </s> <s id="s.012077">Adeò ſolers ingenium Romanorum <lb></lb>ad cædes, vt parum abfuerint à miraculis <lb></lb>noſtrorum fulminum. </s> <s id="s.012078">Et arietes in concu<lb></lb>tiendis muris, incommodo, non vi, ceſſerunt <lb></lb>his. </s> <s id="s.012079">Exoleuerunt plura melioribus ſucceden<lb></lb>tibus, alia per incuriam: quædam, quoniam <lb></lb>neque menſura vlla, neque pondus perpetuò <lb></lb>ſeruari poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.012080">Pondus enim certam præ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1660"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſupponit menſuram, menſura verò omnis <lb></lb>alicuius neceſſariò eſt menſura. </s> <s id="s.012081">Id cuius <lb></lb>menſura eſt, immutari non debet, ſi æterna <lb></lb>ſit futura menſura. </s> <s id="s.012082">Aut igitur quod mutari <lb></lb>non debet, cœleſte eſt, aut ex elementis, aut <lb></lb>elementum, vel pars eius. </s> <s id="s.012083">Quæ ex elementis, <lb></lb>iuxta materiæ multitudinem, aut paucita<lb></lb>tem variantur, non ſolùm temporibus, ſed <lb></lb>locis & caſibus. </s> <s id="s.012084">Homines nunc (vt dixi) in <lb></lb>India inuenti proceri, atque gigantum for<lb></lb>ma: alij adeò parui: vt pumiliones dicas. </s> <s id="s.012085">Et <lb></lb>Germani Italis maiores: & inter Germanos <lb></lb>menſura haud conſtat, nam & ex his parui <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.012086">Quid de lapidibus? </s> <s id="s.012087">an in metallis cer<lb></lb>tam quæremus magnitudinem? </s> <s id="s.012088">Semina quo<lb></lb>que variantur: nam triticum Turcium minus <lb></lb>longè eſt noſtro, ſed alterius forſan generis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012089">In Italia non vbique eiuſdem ponderis, aut <lb></lb>menſuræ, & in ſingulos mutatur annos. </s> <s id="s.012090">Et <lb></lb>in eodem aceruo non vnius eſt magnitudi<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.012091">At nec in motu: quòd enim mouetur, <lb></lb>pondus eſt, aut maius, aut minus: at hoc non<lb></lb>dum determinatum: aut animal: & hoc <lb></lb>quidem ſimili modo, aut maius, aut minus, <lb></lb>aut imbecille, aut robuſtum aut concitatum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012092">Sed neque in cœleſtibus: nam cùm ea ma<lb></lb>xima ſint, qualia ſunt menſurari nequeunt, <lb></lb>non ſolùm ob magnitudinem, ſed & ob di<lb></lb>ſtantiam. </s> <s id="s.012093">Oportet igitur vt contrahentur: <lb></lb>quod autem contrahit, corruptioni obno<lb></lb>xium eſt: tale autem non manet idem per <lb></lb>omnia tempora. </s> <s id="s.012094">Nulla igitur menſura, & <lb></lb>multò minus pondus vllum perpetuum dici <lb></lb>poteſt, & ad poſteros tranſire. </s> <s id="s.012095">Quæ igitur ad <lb></lb>poſteros tranſeunt, ſunt aut proportiones, & <lb></lb>hæ ſempiternæ: aut in molibus magnitudi<lb></lb>nes, & cum his pondera: & hæc diu durant <lb></lb>per ſucceſſiones. </s> <s id="s.012096">Vt in Ægypti pyramidibus, <lb></lb>maximæ enim hæ fuerunt, ſicut & Labyrin<lb></lb>thus Thebis, & inter ciuitates Cayrum, vt <lb></lb>ſuprà diximus, & inter flumina Nilus: qua<lb></lb>tuor enim hæc maxima, ſola Ægyptus ha<lb></lb>bet. </s> <s id="s.012097">Si igitur centeſimam altitudinis certæ <pb pagenum="625" xlink:href="016/01/272.jpg"></pb>pyramidis, aut latitudinis pro firma menſu<lb></lb>ra quis ſtatuat, conſtare poterit apud omnes <lb></lb>gentes, & per multa ſecula, & cum menſura <lb></lb>certum pondus. </s> <s id="s.012098">Alia ratio à ſucceſſionibus <lb></lb>emendatorum codicum ſumitur. </s> <s id="s.012099">Velut in <lb></lb>lapide Romæ Serlius antiquam palmi men<lb></lb>ſuram obſeruauit, quæ ad poſteros tranſiuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012100">Inde ad codicem ſuum tranſlata ad amuſſim: <lb></lb>& ex illo, medietatem ipſam hîc ad noſtrum <lb></lb>appoſuimus: quemadmodum in margine <lb></lb>vides. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012101"><margin.target id="marg1658"></margin.target>Motus celer<lb></lb>rimus ac <lb></lb>violentiſſi<lb></lb>mus quomo<lb></lb>do fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012102"><margin.target id="marg1659"></margin.target><expan abbr="Machinarũ">Machinarum</expan> <lb></lb>Romanarum <lb></lb>robur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012103"><margin.target id="marg1660"></margin.target>Menſuram <lb></lb>perpetuam <lb></lb>aut pondus <lb></lb>nullum eſſe <lb></lb>poſſe.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012104">Ita ex templi maioris Mediolanenſis, <lb></lb>quod auguſtiſſimum eſt apud Chriſtianos, à <lb></lb>columnarum altitudine menſura in multa ſe<lb></lb>cula manſura ex centeſima parte, vel alia ſu<lb></lb>mi poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012105">Ex longitudine nequaquam, cùm <lb></lb>multum adhuc ad perfectionem deſit. </s> <s id="s.012106">Sed <lb></lb>neque latitudo omninò tuta eſt, vel orna<lb></lb>mentorum additione, vel aliquid adimente <lb></lb>caſu. </s> <s id="s.012107">Si tamen latitudinem quis maximam <lb></lb>ſumat, parum peccabit, cùm diuiſa in tot <lb></lb>partes errorem haud ſenſibilem admittere <lb></lb>non queat. </s> <s id="s.012108">Hac conſtituta menſura ratio <lb></lb>ponderis ad purum aurum eſt traducenda: <lb></lb>nam ipſum bullas non adeò admittit, & ob <lb></lb>maximam perfectionem minus variatur. </s> <s id="s.012109">Pro<lb></lb>xima auro eſt argentum viuum, nam neque <lb></lb>ipſum bullas patitur, & ponderoſiſſimum eſt, <lb></lb>licet non perfectiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.012110">A maximis autem <lb></lb>in vnoquoque genere menſuram accipere <lb></lb>debemus, vt ad minima diſſecando perue<lb></lb>nientibus minor error contingat. </s> <s id="s.012111">Quamo<lb></lb>brem Ptolomæus motus aſtrorum ex anti<lb></lb>quiſſimis quantum ei licuit obſeruationibus <lb></lb>ſumpſit: ſed (vt dixi) hæc diligentia ad diu<lb></lb>turnitatem ſufficit, ad perpetuitatem mini<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1661"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mè. </s> <s id="s.012112">Sola enim videntur æterna eſſe poſſe <lb></lb>trium generum: aut ſubſtantia, velut cœ<lb></lb>lum, ſi modò hoc ipſum eſt: aut ſucceſſione, <lb></lb>quoniam natura conſtant, vt ſpecies: aut <lb></lb>quoniam à materia intellectus operatione <lb></lb>ſeparantur, vt proportiones & numeri. </s> <s id="s.012113">Di<lb></lb>ctum eſt autem de his ſeorſum, opere illi di<lb></lb>cato. </s> <s id="s.012114">Nunc quod ad præſens argumentum <lb></lb>attinet, videndum an detur inter artificia <lb></lb>motus perpetuus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012115"><margin.target id="marg1661"></margin.target>Æterna <expan abbr="triũ">trium</expan> <lb></lb>generum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012116">Nam motum verè naturalem in cœlo & <lb></lb>perpetuum, haud dubium eſt. </s> <s id="s.012117">Similiter & <lb></lb>ſucceſſionis ratione, vt in fluminibus, quæ <lb></lb>perpetuò dum aqua generatur decliui ſitu <lb></lb>deſcendunt. </s> <s id="s.012118">Et quæ ab his ortum habent, vt <lb></lb>in molaribus lapidibus, qui aqua circuma<lb></lb>guntur. </s> <s id="s.012119">Neque exiſtimandum eſt perpetuum <lb></lb>motum ab illis quæri, qui verè ſit perpetuus: <lb></lb>nam omnia naturalia corpora longo tempo<lb></lb>ris ſpatio, tum magis ſi moueantur, atterun<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1662"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tur, atque conſumuntur. </s> <s id="s.012120">Illud ergo propriè <lb></lb>quæritur, an motus aliquis inueniri queat, <lb></lb>qui citra nouam generationem cauſam in ſe <lb></lb>contineat ſuæ continuitatis? </s> <s id="s.012121">Veluti in horo<lb></lb>logiis, ſi loco motus eius quo horæ ictibus <lb></lb>ſignificatur, pondera ſurſum rurſus traheren<lb></lb>tur, peractum negotium eſſet. </s> <s id="s.012122">Itaque cùm <lb></lb>motuum naturalium, quibus grauia aguntur <lb></lb>tres tantùm poſſint eſſe ſpecies, aut ad cen<lb></lb>trum per ſe, aut non ſimpliciter ad centrum, <lb></lb>vt aquæ, aut à natura quadam, vt ferri ad <lb></lb>magnetem, conſtat in duobus primis neceſ<lb></lb>ſarium eſſe ſitum. </s> <s id="s.012123">Eſt & naturalis quidam <lb></lb>non abſque violentia tamen, cùm aliquid <lb></lb>vel nimium trahitur, vel nimium contrahi<lb></lb>tur: quæ duæ ſpecies in horologiorum molis <lb></lb>inſpiciuntur. </s> <s id="s.012124">Eſt autem in omni ſitu cùm lo<lb></lb>co conſtet principium, & finem inuenire. </s> <s id="s.012125">Et <lb></lb>quæ quaſi circa centrum mouentur poſt<lb></lb>quam hoc niſi cœlo, & aëri: ſed huic incon<lb></lb>ſtanter, conuenit, ab aliquo eodem quæ ſe<lb></lb>cundum rectum ſitum mouentur principium <lb></lb>habent. </s> <s id="s.012126">Aqua enim (vt dixi) & ipſa ſecundum <lb></lb>rectum ſitum mouetur. </s> <s id="s.012127">Neceſſe eſt igitur <lb></lb>tandem, vt quod fertur, cùm in fine eſt, de<lb></lb>nuò referatur, ſi motus debet eſſe perpetuus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012128">At referri non poteſt, niſi ab exceſſu. </s> <s id="s.012129">Aut <lb></lb>igitur ab eo quod ſecundum naturam eſt <lb></lb>continuitas motus fiet, aut non æqualis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012130">Quòd autem minuitur ſemper niſi fiat ac<lb></lb>ceſſio, perpetuum eſſe non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012131">Sed iam <lb></lb>ad alia tranſeamus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012132"><margin.target id="marg1662"></margin.target>Motum per<lb></lb>petuum non <lb></lb>dari demon<lb></lb>ſtratur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012133">Dictum fuerat, ſubtilitatem eſſe in natu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1663"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ræ, & artis operibus: eſt etiam tertium quod<lb></lb>dam genus, ſcilicet in ipſorum operum ma<lb></lb>teria. </s> <s id="s.012134">Veluti ſubtilitas in contextis ſi fuerit <lb></lb>iuncta denſitati, rem meliorem, ac diuturnio<lb></lb>rem pro ponderis ratione oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.012135">Sic in <lb></lb>ſarza duo millia fila ſunt in latitudine, lati<lb></lb>tudo, ſeu magnitudo brachij: quæ quanta ſit, <lb></lb>ſuperiùs demonſtratum eſt: texitur obliquè, <lb></lb>non tranſuerſim. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012136"><margin.target id="marg1663"></margin.target>Modus con<lb></lb>texta digno<lb></lb>ſcendi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012137">Vidi veſtis genus telæ tenuitate, quo non <lb></lb>melius ad arcendas aquas, adeò ſubtiliter <lb></lb>commiſſum: Bernucium vocatur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1664"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012138"><margin.target id="marg1664"></margin.target>Bernucium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012139">Huic ſimile Beni, ex camelorum villis, ſed <lb></lb>aliquanto craſſius, ſe aquam arcens, ita vt <lb></lb>etiam vaculi inſtar contineat: defertur <lb></lb>ex Aſia. </s> <s id="s.012140">Elegantius è fibrarum pilis (vt fe<lb></lb>runt) colore cinereis leuiſſimum & craſſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012141">Sunt mihi ex eo pilei, ſed teredinem facilè <lb></lb>ſentit, aquam <expan abbr="etã">etam</expan> combibit, ſola leuitate iu<lb></lb>cundum. </s> <s id="s.012142">Penulæ meliores pileis, quòd aqua <lb></lb>celerius diffluat, ſed veſtes fœdant, nam pi<lb></lb>lum facilè remittunt. </s> <s id="s.012143">Ex Polonia deferuntur, <lb></lb>carioréſque ſunt cæteris omnibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012144">Ergo tenuitas in omnibus naturæ operi<lb></lb>bus elegantiæ non ſolùm, ſed & roboris, ac <lb></lb>ſoliditatis parens eſt, quia partibus partes <lb></lb>non ſecus, quàm in tenui harena optimè hæ<lb></lb>rent: tam paruo conſtat, tantum in emptio<lb></lb>nibus lucri feciſſe. </s> <s id="s.012145">Verùm & horum modò <lb></lb>natura, modò ars, partem ſubminiſtrat. </s> <s id="s.012146">Na<lb></lb>tura quidem, vt Biſſinum, quòd cùm lini ſpe<arrow.to.target n="marg1665"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cies eſſet quæ in Elide naſcebatur, tantæ erat <lb></lb>tenuitatis, vt teſte Pauſania auri pondere <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1666"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>permutaretur. </s> <s id="s.012147">Siquidem hanc tenuitatem & <lb></lb>robur, & ſplendor quidam comitabantur: <lb></lb>quæ duo cùm adfuerint, omnia faciunt præ<lb></lb>ciſiora. </s> <s id="s.012148">Atque eadem ars æmulari debet. </s> <s id="s.012149">Na<lb></lb>turæ enim ars imitatrix. </s> <s id="s.012150">Verùm vt in natu<lb></lb>ralibus, ita his quæ arte conſtant, quæ texun<lb></lb>tur, & quæ in texturam admittuntur, tenui<lb></lb>tatis metas proprias ſubeunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012151"><margin.target id="marg1665"></margin.target>Biſſinum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012152"><margin.target id="marg1666"></margin.target>Miſta omnia <lb></lb>tum ſimpli<lb></lb>cia certam <lb></lb>metam te<lb></lb>nuitatis ſub<lb></lb>eunt, vt con<lb></lb>texta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012153">Maculæ quo<lb></lb>modo deter<lb></lb>gantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012154">Sic etiam in his quæ tenuiſſima per ſe <lb></lb>exiſtimantur, alia tenuitatis ratio inuenitur: <lb></lb>velut cùm veſtes, aut fila macula fœdata <lb></lb>ſunt: nam calcis, aut cineris quercini, vel <lb></lb>tartaro, vel limonis, aut ſaponariæ ſucco de<lb></lb>terguntur: hæc enim iuncta, vel etiam ſingu<lb></lb>la id poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.012155">Quid mirum? </s> <s id="s.012156">cùm acetum <expan abbr="albũ">album</expan> <lb></lb>acre id efficere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.012157">In eodem <expan abbr="quoq;">quoque</expan> gene<lb></lb>re ſunt, & fel bouinum, & alumen vulgare, & <lb></lb>ſal chali vocatum, & quæ ſpontè ſplendent: <pb pagenum="626" xlink:href="016/01/273.jpg"></pb>dictum eſt autem de his aliàs. </s> <s id="s.012158">Verum & <lb></lb>aquæ quædam, vt boraginis, quæ per deſtil<lb></lb>lationem habentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012159">Sed in omnibus, præter rem ipſam ars <lb></lb>deſideratur: velut in maculis tollendis, ab<lb></lb>luere oportet, inde exprimere non leuiter, ac <lb></lb>rurſus madefacere, exprimeréque, id quater <lb></lb>aut quinquies cùm effeceris, emaculatam <lb></lb>oleo, pinguedineve confeſtim veſtem con<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1667"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſpicies. </s> <s id="s.012160">Caue tamen, ne felis vrina color pe<lb></lb>rierit, macula enim videbitur, quæ non eſt: <lb></lb>ergo tunc inſtaurandus colos, non detergen<lb></lb>da macula: Cocco purpureus, rubens braſi<lb></lb>lio, cœruleus Indico, & glaſto, ſed addito vio<lb></lb>lento, ſine quo locus eſt viridi, velut ferrugi<lb></lb>neum ſchuodenum lignum cum braſilio ef<lb></lb>ficit, croceum indico, & glaſto, nigrum verò <lb></lb>atramento. </s> <s id="s.012161">Pingues verò maculas valdè, fe<lb></lb>runt cinere oſſium caſtratorum tenuiſſimo <lb></lb>aboleri, cùm ſemper maculam inſperſus per <lb></lb>horas 24. inter tabulas ac linea comprimi<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.012162">Verùm dices, cur non in candido aut <lb></lb>croceo, quæ in omnibus aliis coloribus va<lb></lb>lent, maculas detergere etiam poſſunt? </s> <s id="s.012163">an <lb></lb>quia quæ detergunt, cùm valida ſint, macu<lb></lb>lam aliam efficiunt in albo? </s> <s id="s.012164">at in croceo pro<lb></lb>prium colorem tollunt: ſunt tamen quæ in <lb></lb>omnibus eluere maculas valeant. </s> <s id="s.012165">Sed modus <lb></lb>& res lino, lanæ, ſericóque diuerſa. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1668"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012166"><margin.target id="marg1667"></margin.target>Colores qui<lb></lb>bus inſtau<lb></lb>rentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012167"><margin.target id="marg1668"></margin.target>Quomodo li<lb></lb>brum confe<lb></lb>ſtim in ordi<lb></lb>nem rediges.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012168">Quædam ſunt tamen, quæ non ad vnum <lb></lb>artis genus reducuntur, etſi ſubtilitate con<lb></lb>ſtent mira: velut ſi librum in ordinem breui <lb></lb>redigere tentares, librum alium conficies è <lb></lb>charta duriore ac tenui malleo durata. </s> <s id="s.012169">Inde <lb></lb>duplici filo nec fragili, aut quadruplici à ver<lb></lb>tice ad imum ducto, connexóque hinc inde, <lb></lb>duo capies exemplaria penitùs ſimilia, iuxta <lb></lb>typi vnius formam, diuidéſque ſententias, <lb></lb>vnius quidem à fronte, alterius à tergo ac <lb></lb>quas, quibus voles, ſubiicies inter fila, char<lb></lb>támque, totiéſque mutabis ac tranſpones, <lb></lb>adiicies, demes, donec ordo non ſolum ſen<lb></lb>tentiarum, ſed & verborum vndequaque <lb></lb>conueniat. </s> <s id="s.012170">Tunc glutine aliquo ſublata li<lb></lb>bellorum fruſtra chartis annectes puris. </s> <s id="s.012171">Ita <lb></lb>tridui labore totum librum melius in ordi<lb></lb>nem ac facilius rediges, quàm ſi toto anno <lb></lb>tranſcribendo laboraſſes. </s> <s id="s.012172">Nam ſæpè prior <lb></lb>commutatio meliore oblata diſplicebit. </s> <s id="s.012173">In <lb></lb>hac tranſmutandi locus ſemper relinquitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012174">Multa ſunt in hoc genere ſingularis cuiuſ<lb></lb>dam ſubtilitatis, & egregiæ vtilitatis, ſed <lb></lb>ſufficiat tria adieciſſe exempla: nam his <lb></lb>quatuor ducibus ſatisfacere etiam in aliis <lb></lb>quiſque ſibi poterit. </s> <s id="s.012175">Primùm igitur eſt, cùm <lb></lb>farraginem quandam in ordinem aliquem <lb></lb>conſtitutum, vel etiam alterius libri, certa ra<lb></lb>tione redigere volueris. </s> <s id="s.012176">Præpones ordine <lb></lb>numerorum ab vnitate numeros vnicuique: <lb></lb>diuides & totam farraginem in decem par<lb></lb>tes, aut nouem, vndecimve, & totam ad ca<arrow.to.target n="marg1669"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pita illa rediges. </s> <s id="s.012177">Primo præpone 1, ſecun<lb></lb>do 1. tertio 2. atque ita deinceps, vt præter<lb></lb>quam primæ vnitati, cæteris punctis adii<lb></lb>ciatur. </s> <s id="s.012178">Quæ igitur ſub prima vnitate conti<lb></lb>nentur, iterum in ordinem rediges: ſi quidem <lb></lb>pauca fuerint, ab vno ad decem: ſi valdè <lb></lb>plura, ab vno ad mille, ſi mediocria, ab vno <lb></lb>ad centum. </s> <s id="s.012179">Sic quæ ſubiiciuntur 1. ſi pauca, <lb></lb>à decem ad viginti: ſi plurima, à mille ad <lb></lb>duo millia: ſi mediocria, à centum ad ducen<lb></lb>ta. </s> <s id="s.012180">Eodem ordine procedes poſt 2. in his, quæ <lb></lb>illi notæ ſubiiciuntur, donec in exquiſitum <lb></lb>ordinem cuncta redegeris. </s> <s id="s.012181">Poſtmodum præ<lb></lb>pones ordine numerorum alios numeros cor<lb></lb>reſpondentes, maiores maioribus, minores <lb></lb>minoribus, ita tamen, vt qui ſunt in primo, <lb></lb>& vltimo ordine ſint æquales, non tamen <lb></lb>ſibi inuicem reſpondentes. </s> <s id="s.012182">Dele omnes me<lb></lb>dios numeros, relinquuntur igitur tibi duo <lb></lb>ordines, primus atque vltimus, quos cauſa <lb></lb>breuitatis exempli placuit <lb></lb>ad decem ſolùm extendi. <arrow.to.target n="marg1669a"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012183">Primus igitur ordinem ſi<lb></lb>nificat, quo farrago ſcri<lb></lb>pta eſt, vltimus, quo ſcribi <lb></lb>deberet. </s> <s id="s.012184">Vt igitur vnum <lb></lb>ad alterum traducas, ſcri<lb></lb>bes ſerie numerorum to<lb></lb>tidem in alia tabula, vt <lb></lb>fiat primus ordo tabulæ <lb></lb>ſecundæ: quare igitur in <lb></lb>primo ordine primæ ta<lb></lb>bulæ vnumquenque nu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1669b"></arrow.to.target>merum, cui reſpondeat ex <lb></lb>vltimo primæ tabulæ, & <lb></lb>illum, cui correſpondet, <lb></lb>quære in tabula ſecunda <lb></lb>in primo ordine (hoc enim <lb></lb>facillimum eſt, cùm ſerie <lb></lb>naturali ibi numeri diſpo<lb></lb>nantur) eóque inuento in <lb></lb>illius directo numerum <lb></lb>primi ordinis primæ tabu<lb></lb>læ colloca. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012185"><margin.target id="marg1669"></margin.target>Farrago quo<lb></lb>modo in or<lb></lb>dinem redi<lb></lb>gatur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.273.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/273/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012186"><margin.target id="marg1669a"></margin.target><emph type="italics"></emph>Vlt. Primus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <figure id="id.016.01.273.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/273/2.jpg"></figure> <s id="s.012187"><margin.target id="marg1669b"></margin.target><emph type="italics"></emph>Pri. Secundus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012188">Atque ita bre<lb></lb>uiſſimo temporis ſpatio<lb></lb>rem perages, quoniam tres <lb></lb>numeros, quos quæris, abſque labore inue<lb></lb>nies: illos quidem primæ tabulæ primi or<lb></lb>dinis: quia ſemper procedis deſcendendo: il<lb></lb>los vltimi ordinis, quia è regione ſunt inuen<lb></lb>torum: illos primi ordinis ſecundæ tabulæ, <lb></lb>quia ſunt ſecundùm naturalem numerorum <lb></lb>ſeriem diſpoſiti. </s> <s id="s.012189">Vt in exemplo: primò in<lb></lb>uenio in primo ordine primæ tabulæ 1. è re<lb></lb>gione inuenio 7. quæro 7. in primo ordine <lb></lb>ſecundæ tabulæ, è cuius regione ſcribo 1. In<lb></lb>de inuenio 2. in primo ordine primæ tabulæ, <lb></lb>in cuius directo inuenio 3. quæro 3. in primo <lb></lb>ordine ſecundæ tabulæ, in cuius directo ſcri<lb></lb>bo 2. inuentum in primo ordine primæ ta<lb></lb>bulæ. </s> <s id="s.012190">Sic igitur abſoluta tabula ſecunda: pri<lb></lb>mus ordo indicat, quod primo tractandum: <lb></lb>ſecundus vbi è ferragine ſumendum ſit, quod <lb></lb>ſub eo argumento tractare volumus. </s> <s id="s.012191">Tunc <lb></lb>autem numeri omnes ordinis vltimi primæ <lb></lb>tabulæ ſunt obliterandi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012192">Secundum in his ſubtilitatis exemplum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1670"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, cùm addere quicquam volueris libro <lb></lb>iam conſcripto, illud commodè efficies, ſi <lb></lb>ſingula, quæ addere velis, numerorum ſerua<lb></lb>ta ſerie notaueris, eundémque numerum in <lb></lb>loco libri, ad quem transferri debent, ſcripſe<lb></lb>ris. </s> <s id="s.012193">At ſi abſoluta hac additione, alta ſuccur<lb></lb>rant, quæ prætermittere nolis, nec tamen <lb></lb>tranſcribere: alium libellum compones <lb></lb>præpoſitis numeris ordine naturali ſingulis <lb></lb>additionibus: ſed ſi prima additione mille <lb></lb>non exceſſerit, ſecundæ additionis nume<lb></lb>ri à mille inchoabunt, & vltra per ordinem <pb pagenum="627" xlink:href="016/01/274.jpg"></pb>progredientur: ſimileſque numeri è regione <lb></lb>conſcribi debent, ſeu prioris libri, ſeu primæ <lb></lb>additionis loco, cui additio conuenit. </s> <s id="s.012194">Atque <lb></lb>ita ſi tertiò, vel etiam quartò addere noua <lb></lb>conueniat, abſque labore, & confuſione vlla, <lb></lb>ex tertio, quartóve millenario inchoabis ad<lb></lb>ditionem. </s> <s id="s.012195">Nec ſecùs facies, quàm in prima <lb></lb>atque ſecunda. </s> <s id="s.012196">Quo profecto opere, ſi velis <lb></lb>aut legere, aut totam congeriem ex ordine <lb></lb>tranſcribere, ſuſcepto primo codice tamdiu <lb></lb>abſque cura leges, donec numerus occurrat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012197">Is cùm occurrit, ſi ſit 1. prima additio primi <lb></lb>ſupplementi legenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.012198">Si ſit 1001. prima <lb></lb>additio ſecundi ſupplementi in manibus ſu<lb></lb>menda eſt. </s> <s id="s.012199">Sin 2001. prima additio tertij <lb></lb>ſupplementi. </s> <s id="s.012200">Quòd ſi inter legendum hanc <lb></lb>gratia exempli, è regione inueneris 1002. <lb></lb>tunc ſecunda additio ſecundi ſupplementi <lb></lb>illi ſubſequi debet. </s> <s id="s.012201">Atque ita abſque impe<lb></lb>dimento vllo quotquot additionum ſupple<lb></lb>menta, vnum poſt alterum, & abſque confu<lb></lb>ſione in ordinem rediges, redactaque legere <lb></lb>cum voluptate poteris. </s> <s id="s.012202">Verùm in his for<lb></lb>ſan, noctis Indicis numerorum commodiùs <lb></lb>fuerit vti, quàm antiquis. </s> <s id="s.012203">Inueni & modum <lb></lb>explorandorum, caſtigandorumque plurium <lb></lb>ſimul exemplarium, quæ tamen eadem ſerie <lb></lb>alteram, ſcilicet ex altero deſcripta ſint, vno<lb></lb>quoque auditore opus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012204">Vltimum ergo <lb></lb>cum primo conferes: ſi res ſe habet, omnia <lb></lb>intermedia rectè habent. </s> <s id="s.012205">Sin error adſit, re<lb></lb>grediaris verſus primum ex poſtremis ſin<lb></lb>gula emendando, donec ad illud deueneris, <lb></lb>quod cum primo conuenerit. </s> <s id="s.012206">Vt verò nobi<lb></lb>lius eſt hoc genus, ita vtilius quod ſubſequi<lb></lb>tur: quod quantum mihi contulerit ad <lb></lb>obſeruationem eorum, quæ legebam, non <lb></lb>eſt quòd dicere poſſim. </s> <s id="s.012207">Poterat ſanè huius <lb></lb>inuenti autor ſilentio præteriri, quando<lb></lb>quidem neſciam, an illis totis tribus li<lb></lb>bris, quos de Occulta philoſophia conſcri<lb></lb>pſit, quicquam aliud veri ſit, adeò illum <lb></lb>inſaniſſe, dum hæc ſcriberet exiſtimo: <lb></lb>longè magis, quàm in Danorum hiſtoria, <lb></lb>qui illam totam fabulis plenam conſcripſit <lb></lb>Saxo Grammaticus neſcio quis. </s> <s id="s.012208">Sed tamen <lb></lb>neminem propriis inuentis fraudari velim. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012209">Ille Cornelius Agrippa tot cum prænomi<lb></lb>nibus, huius ſubtilitatis autor eſt. </s> <s id="s.012210">Quan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1671"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quam nec in hoc ad vnguem illum ſim <lb></lb>ſecutus, quòd non magis hac in re, quàm <lb></lb>cæteris diligens fuerit. </s> <s id="s.012211">Ea autem eſt ratio, <lb></lb>quæ potiùs tabella præ oculis poſita, quem <lb></lb>longa oratione, ſit explicanda. </s> <s id="s.012212">Sit gratia <lb></lb>exempli, vt velim 5572. ita deſcribam. </s> <s id="s.012213">Et <lb></lb>ſi vellem 7240. deſcribam, vt à latere vi<lb></lb>des. </s> <s id="s.012214">Quòd ſi velim 12509. ſcribam primò <lb></lb>9000. figura propria, inde ducta tranſuerſa, <lb></lb>quæ 3000. ſignificat, habebo 12000. cui <lb></lb>addam 509. & habebo figuram, quam à la<lb></lb>tere vides. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012215"><margin.target id="marg1670"></margin.target>Additiones <lb></lb>libris alter<gap></gap><lb></lb>poſt alteram <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>fiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012216"><margin.target id="marg1671"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>vngue nu<lb></lb>meri omnes <lb></lb><expan abbr="abſq;">abſque</expan> 25000 <lb></lb>fermè ſcribi <lb></lb>poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012217">Quòd ſi vellem 25553. qui <lb></lb>eſt maximus abſque confuſio<lb></lb>ne hîc poſſit ſcribi, ſic vt <lb></lb>eum vltimò depinxi, habe<lb></lb>bis. </s> <s id="s.012218">Singulæ enim partes col<lb></lb>ligunt 23. vnde ſi aggregen<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.274.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tur, vt hîc à latere vides, is conficietur nu<lb></lb>merus. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.274.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.012219">5572</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.274.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/3.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.012220">7240</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.274.4.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/4.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.012221">12529</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.274.5.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/5.jpg"></figure> <p type="caption"> <s id="s.012222">25553</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012223">Licebit & facilius productis figuris ex <lb></lb>tranſuerſa linea ſic <figure id="id.016.01.274.6.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/6.jpg"></figure> totidem adiicere <lb></lb>numerorum incrementa, vt vltima figura, <lb></lb>quæ eſt <figure id="id.016.01.274.7.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/7.jpg"></figure> ſignificet 9000000. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012224">Et rurſus per tranſuerſas ad dextram qui<lb></lb>dem. </s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.274.8.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/274/8.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012225">Et ita quemlibet maximum numerum <lb></lb>atque confuſione ſolo vngue declarare poſ<lb></lb>ſum, rectiſque lineis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012226">Sed Agrippa vix decem aut viginti mil<lb></lb>lia attingit, atque hos numeros, & labo<lb></lb>riosè, & confusè ſatis. </s> <s id="s.012227">Id tamen ei de<lb></lb>bemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012228">Non defuere qui cæcos ſcribere ſic doce<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1672"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.012229">Tabula ænea cauis literis ordine al<lb></lb>phabeti cælatur, in ea cæcus ſtylum per <lb></lb>ſingula deducit elementa, memoria tenens <lb></lb>illorum ordinem donec longa edoctus con<lb></lb>ſuetudine calamo diſcat eadem exarare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012230">Refert Eraſmus, aliquot; etſi magno la<lb></lb>bore, rectè tamen ſic ſcribere didiciſſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012231">Indiget res hæc aſſiduo monitore, longa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1673"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que conſuetudine. </s> <s id="s.012232">Et quando ſtylus præa<lb></lb>cutus fuerit, & litura tenuis, eò facilius <lb></lb>ac melius diſcunt. </s> <s id="s.012233">Res prorſus mira, ſed <lb></lb>minùs vtilis. </s> <s id="s.012234">Cuius exemplo vidiſſe quen<lb></lb>dam memini me, qui cùm brachiis om<lb></lb>ninò careret, dextro pede haſtam vibra<lb></lb>bat, collimabatque, ſuebat veſtem, ede<lb></lb>bat, ſcribebat, in acum filum immitebat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012235">Nec tanti miraculi defuturos teſtes ſpero: <lb></lb>cùm res publicè ageretur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012236"><margin.target id="marg1672"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>cæcus ſcribe<lb></lb>re doceri <lb></lb>poſſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012237"><margin.target id="marg1673"></margin.target>Manibus & <lb></lb>brachiis ca<lb></lb>rens cuncta <lb></lb>agebat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012238">Verùm ad machinas redeo: fit inſtru<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1674"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mentum, cui ſi te manibus ſubſpenderis, <lb></lb>dum trahis, vehementiùs traheris. </s> <s id="s.012239">Con<lb></lb>ſtat hoc modo: AB, pauimentum ſuperiùs: <lb></lb>initium trahentis funis C, DE, verò lignum <lb></lb>ferrumve inclinatum ſumma vi, cui CD, fu<lb></lb>nis annectitur, DF, verò lignum quòd <lb></lb>ſubiacet laquearibus, prohibetque ED. re<lb></lb>uerti: ipſi verò FD. appendatur pondus GF, <pb pagenum="628" xlink:href="016/01/275.jpg"></pb>ita vt FD, circumagi poſſit verſus E, quan<lb></lb>docunque FD, non prematur ab ED: nam <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.275.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/275/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>FD, orbiculo infigitur: tracta igitur CD, re<lb></lb>labitur FD, verſus E, ſed tamen à latere <lb></lb>propter pondus, G, igitur ED, ferrum, <lb></lb>quod ab FD, retinebatur, relabetur ad la<lb></lb>queare HE, trahens ſurſum DC. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012240"><margin.target id="marg1674"></margin.target>Inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum quo tra<lb></lb>hens trahi<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.275.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/275/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012241">Inſtrumentum facilè hominem ſurſum <lb></lb>trahens: troclea cum vnco ferro, in ea orbi<lb></lb>culus de more, circa quem funis, in fune <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1675"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>pondus A paulò minùs pondere corporis tui <lb></lb>ex altera parte baculus tranſuerſus B. </s> <s id="s.012242">Ergo <lb></lb>appenſo vnco trahes B, infra vt A, pondus <lb></lb>ſurſum aſcendat, & B, infrà perueniat. </s> <s id="s.012243">Inſi<lb></lb>dens igitur B, & èx altera parte apprehenſa <lb></lb>AC manibus, quia A pondus paulò minùs <lb></lb>eſt pondere tui corporis, A deſcendet rurſus <lb></lb>te aſcendente facillimè: cùm libuerit deſ<lb></lb>cendere, id ſpontè facies, cùm corpus tuum <lb></lb>grauius ſit, quàm A, igitur dimiſſa fune rap<lb></lb>tim deſcendes. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012244"><margin.target id="marg1675"></margin.target>Inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum, quo <lb></lb>quiſque ſei<lb></lb>pſum ſurſum <lb></lb>trahit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012245">Aliud Agrippæ. </s> <s id="s.012246">Forcipes binos fabrica<lb></lb>bat, ex toto ſibi inuicem ſimiles: vnius ima<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1676"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ginem in margine deſcriptam vides: KMO, <lb></lb>& LMN, chalybis fruſta iunguntur in M, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.275.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/275/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>volubili circa clauum motu, perficiuntque <lb></lb>forcipem integrum vnum, ſupremæ partes <lb></lb>KM, & LM, ſic coëunt, vt dum conſtringun<lb></lb>tur, altera alteram ſubingrediatur, formam <lb></lb>cochleæ referentes. </s> <s id="s.012247">Inter has funis iacet, <lb></lb>cùm vſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012248">Cæterùm rectæ NM, & OM, <lb></lb>in imo <expan abbr="annulũ">annulum</expan> habent, cui funiculus validus <lb></lb>MO, intruditur. </s> <s id="s.012249">Vſus hic eſt: apprehenditur <lb></lb>(vt dixi) funis <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> KM, & LM, <expan abbr="cõſtringendo">conſtringendo</expan> <lb></lb>NO, conſtringitur <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> impoſito pede ſuper <lb></lb>NO: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> quantò grauius fuerit corpus, eò ma<lb></lb>gis NO, ſinuabitur, <expan abbr="arctiuſq;">arctiuſque</expan> conſtringetur <lb></lb>funis à forcipe. </s> <s id="s.012250">Eò igitur tutior aſcenſus, quò <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.275.4.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/275/4.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>qui aſcendit, grauior eſt. </s> <s id="s.012251">Inde igitur forci<lb></lb>pem alium cubito altius priore funi iunges, <lb></lb>impoſitoque pede dum reliquum tollis, <expan abbr="pedẽ">pedem</expan> <lb></lb>& forcipem ipſum inferiorem auferes, ſu<lb></lb>praque ſecundum tantundem collocabis, at<lb></lb>que ita tutus velut per ſcalam vſque ad ſum<lb></lb>mum vnico fune cùm vncino, & duobus <lb></lb>forcipibus aſcendens: cochleæ enim forma <lb></lb>impedit, ne forceps imprudenter labatur per <lb></lb>funem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012252"><margin.target id="marg1676"></margin.target>Inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum aliud <lb></lb>Agrippæ ad <lb></lb>idem.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012253">Hæc aſcendendi ratio, ſed ad aſcenden<lb></lb>dum ſatis inepta, ſi ad alia inſtrumenta com<lb></lb>paretur. </s> <s id="s.012254">Igitur ad deſcenſum, facillimum ex<lb></lb>cogitauit modum. </s> <s id="s.012255">Cochleæ è chalybe, palmi <lb></lb>longitudine intùs inanis, ita vt funem HG, <lb></lb>poſſit excipere, vocetur AB, circa eam leuis <lb></lb>ex aurichalco capſula ſuprà, & infrà perfo<lb></lb>rata: in imò eius appendices duo, in quibus <lb></lb>funiculi C, & D, ferreum ſuſtinentes <expan abbr="baculũ">baculum</expan> <lb></lb>EF, cui cum deſcenſurus inſederit, celerrimè <lb></lb>deſcendet, & abſque vllo incommodo. </s> <s id="s.012256">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi vel funem G, trahat inferiùs, vel ad ſe <lb></lb>ABC, cochlea non deſcendet, quia per ex<lb></lb>tenſionem facta recta GH, non permittit <lb></lb>cochleam labi. </s> <s id="s.012257">Similiter cùm ad ſe trahit G, <lb></lb>ſuperiuſque, vertitur, nullo modo deſcendet, <lb></lb>ſed quieſcet. </s> <s id="s.012258">Ergo & celerrimè deſcendet, & <lb></lb>facillimè quieſcet, nulloque labore. </s> <s id="s.012259">Sed <lb></lb>hoc & nautæ ſciunt, qui ſimplici bacillo in<lb></lb>ſidentes ter aut quater illi circumacta fune <lb></lb>deſcendunt tenentes funem G, quam ſi ſen<lb></lb>ſim demittant, deſcendunt, ſin trahant vehe<lb></lb>mentiùs, quieſcunt ſedentes. </s> <s id="s.012260">Verùm hoc in<lb></lb>tereſt, quòd qui baculo inſident, facilè <expan abbr="cadũt">cadunt</expan>, <lb></lb>quia inclinentur ob funis obliquitatem, niſi <lb></lb>experti, & audaces fuerint. </s> <s id="s.012261">At inſtrumentum <lb></lb>hoc, quod vidi, tractauique ſæpiùs, quòd <expan abbr="sẽ-">sem<arrow.to.target n="marg1677"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>per</expan>habeat in æquilibrio EF, abſque timore <lb></lb>eſt, tutoque licet ei quemlibet quantumvis <lb></lb>inexpertum inſidere. </s> <s id="s.012262">Verùm poſtquam iam <lb></lb>machinarum, & ponderum ratio à me ſuffi<lb></lb>cienter, explicata eſt, vt iam nil aliud adden<lb></lb>dum videatur, vnius vulgaris <expan abbr="inſtrumẽti">inſtrumenti</expan>, ſed <lb></lb>mirabilis roboris ratio quærenda eſt? </s> <s id="s.012263">Hoc <lb></lb>vtuntur, qui ligna <expan abbr="ſecãt">ſecant</expan>, ſuſtinet<lb></lb>que trabem, & in trabis cacumi<lb></lb>ne hominem, tum etiam <expan abbr="impetũ">impetum</expan> <lb></lb>ſerræ deſcendentis. </s> <s id="s.012264">Inſtrumen<lb></lb>tum ABC, conſutis tignis ac <lb></lb>clauis ligneis firmatis. </s> <s id="s.012265">Sub B, & <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.275.5.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/275/5.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& C pediculi palmo minores, quibus à terra <lb></lb>eleuatur A in terra poſito: DE, fibula ſu pe<lb></lb>requitans trabem: quæritur, cur cum F, <lb></lb>grauior ſit longè, non eleuet A, & cadat? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012266">Cauſa eſt, quia ſi parùm erigitur, pars quæ <pb pagenum="629" xlink:href="016/01/276.jpg"></pb>prominet facta G longiore, paruam habet <lb></lb>proportionem ad quieſcentem, ideò eleuare <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012267">Si G parua fiat, multò minùs, quia <lb></lb>E minùs à perpendiculo diſtat, ideò parùm <lb></lb>aggrauat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012268"><margin.target id="marg1677"></margin.target>Cur trabes <lb></lb>inſtrumento <lb></lb>triangulo <lb></lb>facilè ſuſti<lb></lb>neantur.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.276.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/276/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012269">Quædam etiam ſpontè videntur ſuſtine<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1678"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ri, ac etiam alia ſuſtinent nullo vinculo: vt, <lb></lb>capio A B, trahem, cui ſuperpono CD, <lb></lb>Ipſi CD, ſuperpono EF, ita vt EF, cadat <lb></lb>ſub AB, tunc dico, quòd niſi ſoluantur, ca<lb></lb>dere non poſſunt: nam AB, ſuſtinetur ab <lb></lb>FE, & EF, à CD, & CD, ſuſtinetur ab <lb></lb>AB, igitur nulla earum cadet. </s> <s id="s.012270">Locus autem <lb></lb>BDF, ſuſtinetur, & ſuſtinet, experimento <lb></lb>enim id patet, igitur ab aliquo ſuſtinetur, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.276.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/276/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>igitur ab omnibus, quum par ſit omnium <lb></lb>ratio, igitur firmiſſimus? </s> <s id="s.012271">Qui quantò ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1679"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gis premitur, eò eſt firmior: nec faciſcit, <lb></lb>niſi aliqua illarum frangatur. </s> <s id="s.012272">Diximus de <lb></lb>his, quæ plus ſuſtinent, quàm ratio videa<lb></lb>tur oſtendere, & de his, quæ mutuò ſe ſu<lb></lb>ſtinent: nunc demonſtrandum, quomodo <lb></lb>aliquid ſeipſum ſuſtinere videtur. </s> <s id="s.012273">Sit aba<lb></lb>cus planus AB, & baculus CE, cuius exterior <lb></lb>pars ſit ſub anſa D ſitulæ plena aqua GFH, <lb></lb>& inter baculum CE, & F, ſitulę imum col<lb></lb>locetur EF, lignum rectum arctè, vt dilabi <lb></lb>non queat, dico ſitulam pendere nec cadere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012274">Conſtat enim, quòd cùm F, ſit imum ſitu<lb></lb>læ, quòd baculus EF, & F, grauitatis cen<lb></lb>trum, & centrum terræ quod ſit K, & cen<lb></lb>trum ſitulæ, quòd ſit L, ſunt in vna recta <lb></lb>linea, quæ ſit KFLE. </s> <s id="s.012275">Si igitur ſitula cadet, <lb></lb>vel per rectam FK, vel priùs inclinabitur <lb></lb>latus aliquod, vt G, vel H. </s> <s id="s.012276">Si igitur incli<lb></lb>netur verſus H, in M, duco KM: quia igitur <lb></lb>duæ linæ veniunt ex K, KE, & KM, ad cir<lb></lb>culum, & KE, tranſit per centrum circuli, <lb></lb>id eſt, ſitulæ, erit ex demonſtratis ab Eucli<lb></lb>de in tertio elementorum KF, minor KM: <lb></lb>igitur centrum grauitatis F, elongatum eſt <lb></lb>à centro terræ K, ſpontè igitur motu natu<lb></lb>rali graue aſcendit, quod eſſe non poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012277">Non igitur ſitula deſcendit inclinando ſe <lb></lb>ad aliquam partem. </s> <s id="s.012278">Sed neque per rectam <lb></lb>KF, quia angulus FEC, rectus eſt, & con<lb></lb>ſtans, deſcendentes D, in L, ducatur LB: igi<lb></lb>tur æqualis eſt EB: igitur cùm LB, oppona<lb></lb>tur recto, vel per quintam primi triangu<lb></lb>lus, LEB, duos rectos habebit, vel maiori <lb></lb>angulo maius latus non opponitur, quorum <lb></lb>utrumque aduerſatur his, quæ ab Euclide in <lb></lb>primo elementorum ſunt demonſtrata. </s> <s id="s.012279">Ex <lb></lb>quo ſequitur maius quoddam miraculum, & <lb></lb>eſt, quòd aliquid ſpontè caſurum, addito <expan abbr="põ-dere">pon<lb></lb>dere</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cadet. </s> <s id="s.012280">Nam poſita parte baculi BD, <lb></lb>maiore, DC, baculus cadet, quia extremum <lb></lb>eius cadendo appropinquatur centro terræ <lb></lb>K, & ita C, poterit eleuari, & ſic cadet: & <lb></lb>tamen addito ſitulæ pondere <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> cadet. </s> <s id="s.012281">Opor<lb></lb>tet autem ( ne te cum riſu aſtantium fallat <lb></lb>experimentum: nam rudes vbi res non ſuc<lb></lb>cedit, non hominem, ſed <expan abbr="demõſtrationes">demonſtrationes</expan> cul<lb></lb>pant) vt diligentiſſimus ſis: primùm vt aba<lb></lb>ci ſuperficies ſuperior ſit ad libellam poſi<lb></lb>ta, & lignum rectum ad vnguem, nec flexi<lb></lb>le: & ſimiliter lignum EF, rectum, & arctè <lb></lb>iunctum inter ſitulæ imum, & CE, ita quod <lb></lb>faciat hærere firmiter lignum CE, manubrio <lb></lb>D. </s> <s id="s.012282">Et quod F, punctus ſit centrum grauita<lb></lb>tis, & ſitula rotunda. </s> <s id="s.012283">Ob id multi legent hęc, <lb></lb>ſed pauci intelligent. </s> <s id="s.012284">Plura enim intelligere <lb></lb>oportet, quàm quæ ſcripta ſint, cùm tamen <lb></lb>ad perfectionem nihil deſit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012285"><margin.target id="marg1678"></margin.target>Trabes mu<lb></lb>tuò ſe ſuſti<lb></lb>nentes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012286"><margin.target id="marg1679"></margin.target>Situla aqua <lb></lb>plena quomo<lb></lb>do ſuſtinea<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012287">Sunt & medicæ artis vſus à ſubtilitate <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1680"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſumpti non leues. </s> <s id="s.012288">Primus ex medicamento<lb></lb>rum miſtione, qua noxiæ vires deliteſcant, <lb></lb>reliquæ in proprias corporis partes diſtri<lb></lb>buuntur. </s> <s id="s.012289">Medicis enim perſuaſum eſt, cali<lb></lb>da medicamenta à frigidis membris, & fri<lb></lb>gida à calidis trahi. </s> <s id="s.012290">Sic ab humidis ſicca, & <lb></lb>à ſiccis humida, parique ratione qualitati<lb></lb>bus ſecundis ac tertiis, præter has primas, <lb></lb>corpus noſtrum vti. </s> <s id="s.012291">Quomodo autem in di<lb></lb>uerſis id agant membris, vel etiam abſque il<lb></lb>la mirabili attractione, ſapientiaque, docere <lb></lb>ad hunc librum pertinet. </s> <s id="s.012292">Sit igitur piper <lb></lb>commiſtum lactucæ: homo autem qui hæc <lb></lb>ſumit, frigidum habeat ventriculum, cali<lb></lb>dum verò iecur, liquet primùm cur hic ci<lb></lb>bus ſeu medicamentum refrigerabit, lactuca <lb></lb>iecur non autem pipere excalefaciet. </s> <s id="s.012293">Nam <lb></lb>piper in ventriculo iam refrigeratum eſt, <lb></lb>lactuca verò etiam facta frigidior, & in pro<lb></lb>pria frigiditate confirmata. </s> <s id="s.012294">Piper igitur ni<lb></lb>hil mirum eſt, cur non excalefaciat, lactuca <lb></lb>autem refrigeret iecur. </s> <s id="s.012295">Solum dubium eſt, <lb></lb>cur lactuca ventriculum non refrigeret, cùm <lb></lb>ipſa nihil tale paſſa ſit ab alio, quale piper à <lb></lb>ventriculo. </s> <s id="s.012296">Primùm igitur quantum refrige<lb></lb>ratur à lactuca, tantùm aut magis à pipere <lb></lb>incaleſcit. </s> <s id="s.012297">Deinde, ſi frigidior ſit ventricu<lb></lb>lus, quàm lactuca, ab vtroque verſus tempe<lb></lb>ramentum reducetur. </s> <s id="s.012298">Demùm, cùm plus <expan abbr="vẽ-triculi">ven<lb></lb>triculi</expan> temperies à piperis natura, quàm à <lb></lb>lactuca diſtet, maius eſt, quod piper, quam <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1681"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quod lactuca à ventriculo patitur. </s> <s id="s.012299">Atque ea<lb></lb>dem videtur ratio cæterarum qualitatum vt <lb></lb>primarum. </s> <s id="s.012300">Primas verò qualitates quatuor <lb></lb>eſſe conſtat, calidum, frigidum, humidum, ac <lb></lb><expan abbr="ſiccũ">ſiccum</expan>: ſic dictæ, vel quòd ab his reliquæ <expan abbr="fluãt">fluant</expan>, <lb></lb>vel, vt Galeno placet, quòd ſolæ hæ ad inti<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1682"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ma penetrent, & id quod agunt, ſimile effi<lb></lb>ciunt ſibi: non enim ita molle redditur con<lb></lb>tactu mollis vt calidum calidi contactu. </s> <s id="s.012301">Ma<lb></lb>nifeſtior eſt inter primas vis caloris, inde fri<lb></lb>goris. </s> <s id="s.012302">In patiendo humidum aptius eſt ſic<lb></lb>co, ob id cuncta viuentia calido, & humi<lb></lb>do conſtant, quòd duplici ratione actio<lb></lb>nes in his validiores ſint, cùm calor fri<lb></lb>gore ad agendum, humidum ſicco ad <lb></lb>patiendum aptius ſit. </s> <s id="s.012303">Sunt porrò opera <lb></lb>caloris, calefacere, attenuare, ſpargere, <pb pagenum="630" xlink:href="016/01/277.jpg"></pb>concoquere, mollire, rarum efficere, dige<lb></lb>rere, ſiccare, tandemque exurere. </s> <s id="s.012304">Frigoris, <lb></lb>infrigidare, conſtringere, retinere, durum ac <lb></lb>crudum efficere, humectare, congelare. </s> <s id="s.012305">Sic<lb></lb>ci, ſiccare, aſperum, & durum efficere. </s> <s id="s.012306">Hu<lb></lb>midi, humectare, lene ac molle efficere. </s> <s id="s.012307">Ali<lb></lb>ter igitur condenſat frigidum, nam per ſe, <lb></lb>calidum verò per accidens, dum perpetuò <lb></lb>quicquid eſt tenuiſſimum digerit, craſſius re<lb></lb>linquit. </s> <s id="s.012308">Dum verò calor calefacit, diſſoluit, <lb></lb>opuſque ſuum auget, frigus denſum redden<lb></lb>do impedit: ob id, vt ſuperiùs oſtenſum eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1683"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>maiora ſunt caloris, quàm frigoris opera, <lb></lb>& euidentiora ac celeriora. </s> <s id="s.012309">Demonſtratum <lb></lb>autem eſt ſuperiùs, quoniam calor qualitas <lb></lb>eſt cœleſtis, frigus autem ſola priuatio, at<lb></lb>que elemento propria. </s> <s id="s.012310">Humidum verò ele<lb></lb>menti qualitas, cuius priuatio ſiccitas eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012311">Priuationum autem actiones impedimenta <lb></lb>quaſi ſunt, non autem effectrices. </s> <s id="s.012312">Dicun<lb></lb>tur autem bifariam, vel cum ſubſtantia, <lb></lb>vel abſque ea. </s> <s id="s.012313">Veluti ſpiritus quidem ſecun<lb></lb>dùm ſimilitudinem prodit calor, à calore <lb></lb>autem calidum dicitur, non tamen fit. </s> <s id="s.012314">Cali<lb></lb>dum eſt, cùm calor ab ipſa generatione in<lb></lb>ditus eſt, vt homo, planta. </s> <s id="s.012315">Ignis igitur no<lb></lb>mine quidem calidus, ſed verè calor eſt exu<lb></lb>perans: nulla enim ſubſtantia ignis eſt, niſi <lb></lb>vt quòd corrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.012316">Quod verò corrumpi<lb></lb>tur, neque eſt ſubſtantia perfecta, ſed muta<lb></lb>tur: neque ignis, ſed ignis ſubiectum. </s> <s id="s.012317">Nulla <lb></lb>igitur qualitas effectiua eſt, propriè, niſi ca<lb></lb>lor. </s> <s id="s.012318">Humidum autem, quia miſcetur, agit <lb></lb>aut quia prohibet. </s> <s id="s.012319">Verùm dices: Cur ſi ſic<lb></lb>citas nil prorſus agit, quod calefacit cum <lb></lb>ſiccitate tantò vehementiùs agit? </s> <s id="s.012320">Quia hu<lb></lb>midum non habet, quod impediat. </s> <s id="s.012321">Rurſus, <lb></lb>ſi humidum eſt, quòd impedit, calor autem <lb></lb>ſiccus purus eſt, cœleſtis cùm purus ſit, ſiccus <lb></lb>ergo erit, quamobrem non generabit. </s> <s id="s.012322">Oſten<lb></lb>ſum enim eſt ſuperiùs, calorem ſiccum ni<lb></lb>hil generare. </s> <s id="s.012323">Sed calor cœleſtis purus eſt per <lb></lb>ſe, cùm verò elemento miſcetur, fit humi<lb></lb>dus. </s> <s id="s.012324">At qui non omninò miſcetur, hic ſic<lb></lb>cus eſt: non miſcetur autem, quia exube<lb></lb>rans talis autem generationi aptus non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012325">Non igitur omnis purus calor generat, ſed <lb></lb>qui generat, purus fuit: & ob id quòd pu<lb></lb>rus, immiſcuit ſe elemento: & quia immiſ<lb></lb>cuit, factus eſt humidus, id eſt, materiæ mi<lb></lb>ſtus: omnis enim materia elementi humida <lb></lb>eſt, ſed terra minùs non enim conſiſteret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012326">Calor autem non poteſt quieſcere, ſed cum <lb></lb>motu neceſſariò iungitur: qualitas enim eſt <lb></lb>in diſſimili, quamobrem non poteſt mane<lb></lb>re, ſed aliud generare: generatio autem in <lb></lb>ſubſtantia eſt: oportet igitur quod miſtum <lb></lb>eſt, motu generare ſimile: quod verò immi<lb></lb>ſtum eſt, in alienam tranſire naturam: <lb></lb>quamobrem calor ſiccus cùm immiſtus ſit, à <lb></lb>materia quidem purus eſt, ſed non ab aliena <lb></lb>qualitate. </s> <s id="s.012327">Manifeſtum eſt igitur calorem <lb></lb>ignis, & qui motu in animatis excitatur <lb></lb>eſſe ſiccum: & qui ſiccus eſt, impurum eſ<lb></lb>ſe, non à materia: ſed ab aliena qualitate, <lb></lb>& ob id purum quidem generare, ignem <lb></lb>autem nihil generare. </s> <s id="s.012328">Sed ( vt diximus ) <lb></lb>& in calore, & in aliis videri multa fie<lb></lb>ri, quia remouetur, quod prohibet. </s> <s id="s.012329">Ergo <lb></lb>quæ præter has quatuor, & ab his fiunt <lb></lb>qualitates ſecundæ vocantur: extenuare, <lb></lb>vrere, trahere, molle aſperum, rarumque <lb></lb>efficere. </s> <s id="s.012330">Tertiæ ſanguinem purgare, ſemen, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1684"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lac generare, oculis prodeſſe, aut Veneri, <lb></lb>aut ſterilitati. </s> <s id="s.012331">Primæ qualitates ſubſtantiæ <lb></lb>ſunt elementorum, in mixtis partim ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ, partim impreſſiones, cæteræ verò <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1685"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>accidentia vocantur. </s> <s id="s.012332">Conueniunt omnibus, <lb></lb>ſed primis præcipuè, 4. ordines. </s> <s id="s.012333">Primus, <lb></lb>cùm obſcurè ipſa qualitas percipitur. </s> <s id="s.012334">Se<lb></lb>cundus, cum manifeſtè ſed citra læſionem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012335">Tertius, cùm lædit, ſed tamen ferri poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012336">Quartus, cùm minimè poteſt ſuſtineri. </s> <s id="s.012337">Hu<lb></lb>ius inter qualitates opium ſit pro exem<lb></lb>plo, inter ſapores ſiliquaſtrum, quòd lon<lb></lb>gè acrius eſt pipere. </s> <s id="s.012338">Hoc verò vtroque mo<lb></lb>do, piper ſcilicet in 3. ordine mordentium, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1686"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>& calefacientium reponetur. </s> <s id="s.012339">Ergo cum hæc <lb></lb>miſcentur, adeò ad vnguem menſuram re<lb></lb>tinere oportet, vt quod ſuperfluum eſt, <lb></lb>abiiciatur, quod noxium abſcondatur, vti<lb></lb>le verò maneat. </s> <s id="s.012340">Sic enim optimè medica<lb></lb>mentum conſtruetur, cum iuuando fuerit <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1687"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>validiſſimum, quæ nocere debent, ex toto <lb></lb>ſopiuntur. </s> <s id="s.012341">Hoc verò experientia cognitum <lb></lb>eſt, vnde perperam meo iudicio ad theria<lb></lb>cem Andromachi tam longo vſu compro<lb></lb>batam, auſus eſt quicquam Galenus ambi<lb></lb>tionis cauſa ſuperaddere. </s> <s id="s.012342">Cum verò ſenem <lb></lb>robuſtum iuueni feroci copulare ſciueris, <lb></lb>atque in amicitiam, & manuum complexum <lb></lb>reducere, tum ex amariſſimo hoſte fiet ami<lb></lb>cus ſalutaris, per quem inuicti tyranni in 4. <lb></lb>horis, quod experiri vidi, è domo expellen<lb></lb>tur, & 7, nominum beſtia, magno miracu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1688"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lo, & minorum reliqua turba relinquet diu<lb></lb>turnum hoſpitium. </s> <s id="s.012343">Quòd ſi feroci, iuueni <lb></lb>Iani imago nigra coniungatur, beatum ho<lb></lb>minem reddet. </s> <s id="s.012344">Atque hæc maxima ſunt, <lb></lb>quæ ars præſtare poſſit: neque aliud optan<lb></lb>dum, quàm quod nondum experti ſumus, <lb></lb>vt æther abſoluatur. </s> <s id="s.012345">Verum in ſimplicium <lb></lb>medicamentorum electione, non leui cura <lb></lb>vtendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.012346">Prætereo exeſa aut vitiata, vel <lb></lb>antiqua, nunc de propria loquor ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia. </s> <s id="s.012347">Velut in oleo, pinguique alio omni, <lb></lb>pars ſuprema eligenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.012348">Pingue enim na<lb></lb>tura leue eſt ac ſyncerum, quod igitur in <lb></lb>ſummo eſt, leuius eſt, ac ſyncerius, igitur <lb></lb>etiam pinguius. </s> <s id="s.012349">Optimum igitur vinum ro<lb></lb>bore probatur: quod in medio eſt robuſtius: <lb></lb>nam quod in ſummo eſt, ab aëre, & vaſe: <lb></lb>quod in imo, à vaſe rurſus ac fæce vitiatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012350">optimum igitur medio. </s> <s id="s.012351">Mellis imum proba<lb></lb>tur, quòd à dulcedine laudem mereantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012352">Porrò dulciſſimum, quod denſum maximè: <lb></lb>maximè denſum quod grauiſſimum, grauiſ<lb></lb>ſimum autem in liquoribus in imo reſidet <lb></lb>ſemper. </s> <s id="s.012353">Mel igitur ſyncerum, quod & op<lb></lb>timum, in fundo vaſis iacet. </s> <s id="s.012354">Antiqua fuit <lb></lb>hæc inuentio, à Macrobioque recitata: ſed <lb></lb>medici talibus etiam ad ſatietatem vſque <lb></lb>abundant. </s> <s id="s.012355">Ex actionibus medicorum ſub<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1689"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tiliſſima eſt nebulæ in oculo depreſſio, la<lb></lb>pidis è veſica extractio: nam ſi paululum <lb></lb>aberraueris, pro luce cæcitas, pro ſalute <lb></lb>mors paratur: adeò tenui filo mortalium <lb></lb>bona omnia, malaque pendent. </s> <s id="s.012356">Sed hic eſt <lb></lb>mos, hæc regula humanarum rerum <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan>, <lb></lb>vt ſi quis rectè hæc ſecum reputet, minùs de <pb pagenum="631" xlink:href="016/01/278.jpg"></pb>morte, vt re omnibus neceſſaria ſollicitus <lb></lb>erit, <expan abbr="vitæq;">vitæque</expan> curam adhibebit diligentiorem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012357">At de his copiosè in lib de Fato, dictum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012358">Sed cùm fines, & initia cunctorum lateant <lb></lb>nullam veram felicitatem inter mortales, <lb></lb>nihilque dignum admiratione in tanta mo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1690"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>le ſapienti videri debet, ſed omnia quaſi in<lb></lb>ſomnium vnum, aut plura quæ delectant, <lb></lb>aut triſtitia breui, ſed tamen inani, nos af<lb></lb>ficiunt. </s> <s id="s.012359">Hæc ita ſe habent, vel dicente ora<lb></lb>culo: ſed opinionem ſuam cuique relinqua<lb></lb>mus, permittamuſque vana perſuaſione fe<lb></lb>lices eſſe. </s> <s id="s.012360">Verùm illud non negabunt, ſal<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1691"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tem hæc ſua maxima, has ingentes felici<lb></lb>tates, minimis ex initiis oriri: eaque de <lb></lb>cauſa minima etiam quoque, qui in<lb></lb>ter mortales felix videri cupit obſeruare <lb></lb>non tam decet, quam neceſſarium eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012361"><margin.target id="marg1680"></margin.target>Medicæ ſub<lb></lb>tilitatis hi<lb></lb>ſtoria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012362">Miſtionis <lb></lb>vtilitas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012363"><margin.target id="marg1681"></margin.target>Primæ qua<lb></lb>tuor quali<lb></lb>tates.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012364"><margin.target id="marg1682"></margin.target>Cur corpora <lb></lb>viuentia ca<lb></lb>lido, & hu<lb></lb>mido <expan abbr="conſtẽt">conſtent</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012365">Calor opera. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012366">Frigoris ope<lb></lb>ra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012367">Sicci & hu<lb></lb>midi opera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012368"><margin.target id="marg1683"></margin.target>Calor cur <lb></lb>opera maio<lb></lb>ra frigore <lb></lb>faciat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012369"><margin.target id="marg1684"></margin.target>Secundæ <lb></lb>qualitates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012370">Tertiæ qua<lb></lb>litates.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012371"><margin.target id="marg1685"></margin.target>Qualitates <lb></lb>omnes in <lb></lb>quibus diffe<lb></lb>rant, & con<lb></lb>ueniant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012372"><margin.target id="marg1686"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>medicamen<lb></lb>ta optimè <lb></lb>miſceantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012373"><margin.target id="marg1687"></margin.target>Ænigma <lb></lb>vtiliſſimum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012374"><margin.target id="marg1688"></margin.target>Oleum ſum<lb></lb>mam, vini <lb></lb>medium <lb></lb>mellis imum, <lb></lb>cur optima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012375"><margin.target id="marg1689"></margin.target>Omnes mor<lb></lb>tales <expan abbr="euẽtus">euentus</expan>, <lb></lb>tenuiſſimo ſi<lb></lb>pendent, diſ<lb></lb>crimineque <lb></lb><expan abbr="diſiungũtur">diſiunguntur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012376"><margin.target id="marg1690"></margin.target>Maxima <lb></lb>quique mi<lb></lb>nimis con<lb></lb>ſtant initiis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012377"><margin.target id="marg1691"></margin.target>Nubium <lb></lb>forma qua<lb></lb>lis,</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012378">Ex operibus etiam artis ſubtiliſſima eſt <lb></lb>ratio vrendi, inter contemplationes pul<lb></lb>ſuum ſcientia. </s> <s id="s.012379">Sed ſunt & alia in aliis, quæ <lb></lb>placeant, & digna ſint admiratione: vt in <lb></lb>nubium natura: ſituſque. </s> <s id="s.012380">Nam nubes om<lb></lb>nes planas eſſe haud dubium eſt: tum quia <lb></lb>tales ſunt, videnturque in montibus, tum <lb></lb>quia ventis rectà feruntur: quod verò orbi<lb></lb>culatum eſt, ſi rectà feratur, intùs inflecti<lb></lb>tur ac diſrumpitur: tum etiam quia nulla <lb></lb>eſt cauſa, quæ hanc rotunditatem efficere <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.012381">Sit igitur nubes GD, oculus verò H, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.278.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/278/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>punctus ſupra oculum A, cùm igitur DK <lb></lb>fuerit propter diſtantiam HK minima ob <lb></lb>angulum DHK, & ob proportionem par<lb></lb>uam, quam obtinet ad HD, & HK, erit AD, <lb></lb>vt videatur contingere terram in K: eadem <lb></lb>ratione BL & CM videbuntur minores AH, <lb></lb>igitur ABCD, & AEFG, videbuntur por<lb></lb>tiones linearum circularium contingentium <lb></lb>terram in G & D. </s> <s id="s.012382">Nebula verò ipſa in A, <lb></lb>ſublimior, quàm in alia parte, ſenſim dehiſ<lb></lb>cens, & quaſi ſphæræ ſeu orbis interna ſu<lb></lb>perficies ac pars, ita quòd A punctus ma<lb></lb>ximè diſtare à terra videbatur. </s> <s id="s.012383">Atque ita <lb></lb>nubes ſupra caput altior, inde ſenſim <lb></lb>vſque ad terram videtur inclinata, quod <lb></lb>ſpectantibus ſemper apparet. </s> <s id="s.012384">Quinimò cùm <lb></lb>hoc vbique contingat eodem tempore, ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt illam non rotundam, ſed pla<lb></lb>nam eſſe. </s> <s id="s.012385">Itaque cùm DK non videtur, tunc <lb></lb>nubes ea parte terram contingere apparet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012386">Hoc autem euenit, cùm HD, & HK, ſexa<lb></lb>gies continent DK, at DK cùm ſit æqualis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1692"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>AH, nunquam attingit 2000. paſſuum: igi<lb></lb>tur neque nebula, nec pluuia plus, quàm <lb></lb>120000. paſſuum procul videtur, veriùs au<lb></lb>tem ac exquiſitiùs <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> magis procul 100000. <lb></lb>paſſuum. </s> <s id="s.012387">Hac igitur ratione nemo dicet <lb></lb>pluiſſe in Gallia, Mediolani ſi ſit. </s> <s id="s.012388">Cùm ve<lb></lb>rò plerunque tum maximè dum pluit, ne<lb></lb>bulæ non aſcendant ad quingentos paſſus, <lb></lb>rarò pluuiam conſpicere longiùs 30000. paſ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1693"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuum poſſumus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012389"><margin.target id="marg1692"></margin.target>Nubes, & <lb></lb>pluuia non <lb></lb>longius <lb></lb>100000 <lb></lb>paſſuum vi<lb></lb>dentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012390"><margin.target id="marg1693"></margin.target>Ignes cur <lb></lb>ſurgere, & <lb></lb>occidere in <lb></lb>aëre delati <lb></lb>videantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012391">Eadem cauſa ignes, qui per cœlum de<lb></lb>feruntur, cùm nobis ſuperſtant, altiſſimi vi<lb></lb>dentur: cùm verò oriuntur aut occidunt, <lb></lb>hærere terræ, non quòd deſcendant, aut aſ<lb></lb>cendant, imò rectà feruntur æquidiſtantes <lb></lb>plano terræ ac finitori, ſed ex aſpectus va<lb></lb>rietate id contingit, vt eò humiliores vi<lb></lb>deantur, quò remotiores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012392">Sunt & ſubtilitatis opera in dictionibus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1694"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in accentu, in orationeque. </s> <s id="s.012393">In dictionibus <lb></lb>Zephyrus tribus modis quid dulce ſonat: <lb></lb>primò quòd z habet, ſecundò y, quas Lati<lb></lb>ni non habent. </s> <s id="s.012394">Neque aliquid lene Latini <lb></lb>adeò, nec Græci aliud habent: tertium eſt ſi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1695"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gnificatum, quo molliſſimus ventus apud <lb></lb>nos Fauonius, idemque ſuauiſſimus intelli<lb></lb>gitur. </s> <s id="s.012395">Sunt & accentus ſubtilitatis maximæ <lb></lb>argumentum, cùm primò gens à gente, in<lb></lb>de in eadem gente vrbs ab vrbe, & villa à <lb></lb>villa, & in eadem vrbe incredibile dictu re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1696"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>giones ſingulæ eis diſtinguantur. </s> <s id="s.012396">Vires vo<lb></lb>cum, vides quantæ ſint: duabus ſyllabis re<lb></lb>gna corruunt, aut ſeruantur, occiduntur in<lb></lb>noxij, euadunt nocentes, omnis humana ca<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1697"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lamitas ac felicitas conſtat. </s> <s id="s.012397">In ſingulari cer<lb></lb>tamine verbulum imprudenter effutitum, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1698"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>optionem, victoriamque inimico largitur, <lb></lb>proferenti, necem, & vituperationem. </s> <s id="s.012398">In le<lb></lb>gatione inſolentia, temeritas, verbum incon<lb></lb>ſideratè <expan abbr="prolatũ">prolatum</expan>, tot bella, tot cædes, tumul<lb></lb>tuſque efficit: regna euertit, vaſtaſque efficit <lb></lb>regiones. </s> <s id="s.012399">Ergo ſubtilitas in omnibus impe<lb></lb>rat, illiuſque vim ſentiunt res, prouinciæ, ci<lb></lb>uitates, villæ, domuſque ſingulæ. </s> <s id="s.012400">Itaque ma<lb></lb>ior in legatis, quàm exercituum ducibus pru<lb></lb>dentiæ neceſſitas. </s> <s id="s.012401">Hi enim inter mala, quod <lb></lb>minùs videtur, plerunque eligere docent, illi <lb></lb>verò ne mala eueniant prohibere poſſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012402">Pernicioſior tamen videtur ducis temeritas, <lb></lb>quoniam exitum habet propiorem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012403"><margin.target id="marg1694"></margin.target>Zephyrus <lb></lb>vox dulciſ<lb></lb>ſima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012404"><margin.target id="marg1695"></margin.target>Accentuum <lb></lb>vis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012405"><margin.target id="marg1696"></margin.target>De ſic & <lb></lb>non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012406"><margin.target id="marg1697"></margin.target>De duello.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012407"><margin.target id="marg1698"></margin.target>De legatio<lb></lb>ne.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012408">In oratione autem, affectata moleſta eſt, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1699"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quæ ſpontè fluit iucundiſſima. </s> <s id="s.012409">In his <expan abbr="namq;">namque</expan> <lb></lb>ars, naturam dum imitatur, ab artis ſuſpicio<lb></lb>ne diſcedit, & liquidior fluit. </s> <s id="s.012410">Sed ſunt <expan abbr="ſeptẽ">ſeptem</expan> <lb></lb>modi ſubtilitatis in oratione, quorum ſingu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1700"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>li eam reddunt obſcuriorem. </s> <s id="s.012411">Primus à diui<lb></lb>ſione Grammaticus, metuo, me tuo, me tu o. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012412">Secundus Sophiſticus, vt, falſum dico. </s> <s id="s.012413">Ter<lb></lb>tius Mathematicus, hicque triplex: vel con<lb></lb>iunctus, vt quis in circulo punctus periferiæ <lb></lb>proximior: vel ab aſſumptis, velut an aſſump<lb></lb>ta in demonſtratione ab Archimede per eli<lb></lb>cas de recta æquali circuli periferiæ <expan abbr="oſtedãt">oſtendant</expan>: <lb></lb>vel à demonſtratis, vt an regula cubi æqualis <lb></lb>rebus, & numero poſſit eſſe vna generalis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012414">Phyſicus quartus eſt, hicque duplex, à re, à <lb></lb>cauſa. </s> <s id="s.012415">A re, an dentur rerum nouæ ſpecies <lb></lb>ſingulis temporibus. </s> <s id="s.012416">A cauſa, an cœli motus <lb></lb>eccentricis conſtet circulis. </s> <s id="s.012417">Quintus, conſiſtit <lb></lb>in continuitate orationis, vt in libello de <lb></lb>Animi immortalitate, cùm ſenſim hominem <lb></lb>è re in rem trahimus. </s> <s id="s.012418">Sextus, eſt ex genere in <lb></lb>genus traſitus, vt cùm cochlea haurire <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> <lb></lb>docemus, quia dum circumuoluitur pars ina<lb></lb>nis inferior, redditur plena. </s> <s id="s.012419">Septimus eſt ex <lb></lb>lege: abſolutus non ſit, qui dimidium non <lb></lb>obtinet ſuffragiorum: damnatus non ſit, qui <lb></lb>duas partes ex ſuffragiis non obtinuerit. </s> <s id="s.012420">Cæ<lb></lb>teri tamen cùm multi iniudicati manerent, <lb></lb>lege alia cenſentur abſoluti vel damnati, <lb></lb>vt quiſque proximior fuerit numero ſuffra<lb></lb>giorum. </s> <s id="s.012421">Duodecim ſunt iudices, quidam <lb></lb>damnatur à ſeptem, abſoluitur à quinque. <pb pagenum="632" xlink:href="016/01/279.jpg"></pb>Si octo damnaſſent, plecteretur: ſi ſex <lb></lb>abſoluiſſent, liberaretur: quinque abſol<lb></lb>uentibus, ſeptem damnantibus. </s> <s id="s.012422">Geome<lb></lb>trice damnatus, iuxta priuilegium, quod <lb></lb>fauet abſoluentibus, liberatus, arithmeticè <lb></lb>iniudicatus erit. </s> <s id="s.012423">Sunt in hoc genere multi <lb></lb>alij modi, quos breuitatis cauſa, cùm ex <lb></lb>præcedentibus dignoſcantur, pertranſire <lb></lb>conſilium eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1701"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012424"><margin.target id="marg1699"></margin.target>Subtilitas in <lb></lb>oratione.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012425"><margin.target id="marg1700"></margin.target>Septem mo<lb></lb>di ſubtilita<lb></lb>tis in ora<lb></lb>tione.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012426"><margin.target id="marg1701"></margin.target>Vrina cur <lb></lb>procul, quam <lb></lb>prope ſola <lb></lb>inter omnes <lb></lb>liquores ſit <lb></lb>ſplendidior.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012427">Ad naturales quæſtiones reuertamur, quæ <lb></lb>ſcitu ſunt iucundiores cur vrina ſola inter <lb></lb>omnes liquores procul eſt ſplendidior, quam <lb></lb>propè? </s> <s id="s.012428">reliqua, contrario modo: ob idque <lb></lb>facilè dignoſcitur. </s> <s id="s.012429">Vrina continet pingue <lb></lb>humidum, quod propè illam adumbra, <lb></lb>procul autem illuſtratur, quia igneam ha<lb></lb>bet lucem. </s> <s id="s.012430">Cæteri liquores vmbram non <arrow.to.target n="marg1702"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>habent, quia puri: vel ſi ſint impuri, quod <lb></lb>impurum eſt, totum obumbrat, inde vt re<lb></lb>motiores ſunt, velut aliàs dixi, eò obſcurio<lb></lb>res. </s> <s id="s.012431">Eſt autem vrina tenuis valdè ſubſtan<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1703"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tiæ ob calorem, adeò vt quamuis ſalſa ſit, <lb></lb>attamen leuior exiſtat, quàm aqua, non <lb></lb>tamen omnis. </s> <s id="s.012432">Ob id vrina ventris inflationi <lb></lb>prodeſt, ac longè magis aqua ſalſa: tenui<lb></lb>tate enim penetrat ad intima, ſecumque <lb></lb>ſalis vim defert, qua flatus diſcutitur, & <lb></lb>viſcera confirmantur. </s> <s id="s.012433">Attenuatio à calore <lb></lb>fit: ob hoc recens, & calida, & pueri im<lb></lb>polluti ( calidiſſimus enim hic eſt ſexu, & <lb></lb>ætate ) eligitur. </s> <s id="s.012434">Proprium eſt non omni, <lb></lb>ſed ſoli penè inter liquores omnes vrinæ, <lb></lb>conturbari. </s> <s id="s.012435">Sed & vinum conturbatur: ad <lb></lb>vinum non redit, calore autem ignis vrina <lb></lb>fit clara. </s> <s id="s.012436">Nihil tam ſimile, meo iudicio, <lb></lb>quàm oleum: dum enim liquidum eſt, eſt <lb></lb>& perſpicuum, cùm concreſcit, minimè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012437">Pinguedo igitur turbulentiæ cauſa eſt, ob <lb></lb>id ſicciſſimæ vrinæ nunquam permutantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012438">Cùm verò à caloribus immenſis humores in <lb></lb>febribus, & ſanguis, & pinguedo liqueſ<lb></lb>cunt, fiunt vrinæ turbulentæ: quæ niſi ſub<lb></lb>ſidant, non clareſcunt. </s> <s id="s.012439">Si igitur ſubſidant, <lb></lb>ſpes eſt quia quod conturbat, eſt terreum: <lb></lb>ſi non, non: pinguè eſt enim. </s> <s id="s.012440">Multa <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> <lb></lb>tractu temporis à viribus robuſtis etiam vin<lb></lb>cuntur. </s> <s id="s.012441">Quæ igitur non conturbatur, expers <lb></lb>eſt pinguis ſucci. </s> <s id="s.012442">Conturbatio ergo non eſt <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ corruptio, ſed pinguedinis con<lb></lb>gelatio. </s> <s id="s.012443">Ob id ſi dum conturbantur, mul<lb></lb>tùm ſubſideat humoris, humidum id ter<lb></lb>reum eſt, ſi non aqueum atque aëreum. </s> <s id="s.012444">Ve<lb></lb>rùm dicet aliquis: Si quod concreſcit, iam <lb></lb>erat in vrina, cur non turbulentam ab initio <lb></lb>reddidit? </s> <s id="s.012445">nam palàm eſt totam vrinam con<lb></lb>turbari. </s> <s id="s.012446">Quomodo igitur concreſcere potue<lb></lb>runt partes, at non minui? </s> <s id="s.012447">quæ enim con<lb></lb>creſcunt, contrahuntur: & dum aliis ad<lb></lb>iunguntur, prima vt deſerant, neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012448">Videtur autem oleum non minui non ſolùm <lb></lb>verùm dum congelatur, etiam augeri. </s> <s id="s.012449">Dum <lb></lb>igitur pars pinguis in humido aqueo con<lb></lb>creſcit, tenuis admodum liquor in aërem <lb></lb>vertitur, & creſcit ob id reliquum conden<lb></lb>ſatum fit turbulentum. </s> <s id="s.012450">Ergo in omni tur<lb></lb>bulento oleo, tum vrina, ob frigus, par<lb></lb>tes neceſſe eſt plurimas eſſe perſpicuas, & <lb></lb>magis quàm antè conturbarentur, ſed <lb></lb>frequentibus interpoſitis grumis totum vi<lb></lb>deri turbulentum. </s> <s id="s.012451">Terreum verò quod <lb></lb>in vrinis eſt, tenue eſt caloris non ex<lb></lb>pers. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012452"><margin.target id="marg1702"></margin.target>Vrina aqua <lb></lb>leuior.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012453"><margin.target id="marg1703"></margin.target>Vrina cur, & <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>præſit <expan abbr="vẽtris">ventris</expan> <lb></lb><expan abbr="inflãmatio-ni">inflammatio<lb></lb>ni</expan>. </s> <s id="s.012454">Vrina cur <lb></lb>conturbetur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012455">Similiores vrinæ ſunt aquæ ſpontè cali<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1704"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dæ. </s> <s id="s.012456">Sunt in his, quæ ſulphur, & alumen <lb></lb>continent, aut ſalem, aut aſphaltum, tur<lb></lb>bulentiores ſunt, quoniam miſcentur ab <lb></lb>externo calore: quæ verò ferrum aut ar<lb></lb>gentum, vel æs, claræ: nam à natura <lb></lb>miſcente, metallorum excremento tales <lb></lb>fiunt: has igitur ars imitari nequit, priores <lb></lb>autem poteſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1705"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012457"><margin.target id="marg1704"></margin.target>Thermæ an <lb></lb>arte poſſint <lb></lb>confici.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012458"><margin.target id="marg1705"></margin.target>Cœleſtium, <lb></lb>& <expan abbr="terreſtriũ">terreſtrium</expan> <lb></lb>in producen<lb></lb>do <expan abbr="diſcrimẽ">diſcrimen</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012459">Eſt enim cœleſtis ille calor, qui verè miſ<lb></lb>cet, vt ſæpiùs dictum eſt atque hic tale <lb></lb>aliquid efficit, quale ipſum eſt, quod <lb></lb>habet potentia. </s> <s id="s.012460">Calor enim cœli eſt in <lb></lb>eo, quod potentia hominem continet, ſed <lb></lb>hominem actu procreat: ſed calor iſte no<lb></lb>ſter naturalis potentia tale efficit, quale <lb></lb>eſt id, quo continetur, velut homo non <lb></lb>hominem generat ſubitò, & abſque me<lb></lb>dio, imò ſemen, quod potentia eſt ho<lb></lb>mo, cùm ab homine ipſo, tum viuente <lb></lb>decidatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012461">Sed vt diſcrimen, ita ſimilitudo, in qua <arrow.to.target n="marg1706"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſpeculanda non leui conſideratione opus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012462">Sydera ibi, hîc gemmæ: intellectus ibi, & <lb></lb>mouentes ſubſtantiæ, hîc verò animalia ge<lb></lb>nerum diuerſorum: varia ibi corporum ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, atque ſpiſſitudo, hic terræ, & aquæ & <lb></lb>aëris varietas maxima: ibi miracula, & <lb></lb>monſtra plura, vt acies, enſes, hîc partus <lb></lb>bicipites, piloſi, dentatique infantes: ibi <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ quædam corporibus iunctæ, vt <lb></lb>hîc plantæ, & metallica: motus ibi peren<lb></lb>nes, hîc aquæ circuitus: ibi lux, lumenque, <lb></lb>ſed & hîc. </s> <s id="s.012463">In vniuerſum, tot tantaque na<lb></lb>tura hæc æmula ſuperiorum, quot ibi erant, <lb></lb>per genera ac ſpecies, & accidentia finxit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012464">Propria vis quædam in illis, manifeſtior <lb></lb>in mòrtalibus. </s> <s id="s.012465">Quædam tamen cùm occulta <lb></lb>videantur, ratione procedere manifeſtiſſi<lb></lb>mam habent cauſam: vt propter quid eſt, <lb></lb>quòd caro vituli cùm humidior ſit, ſucco<lb></lb>ſior ac pinguior bouina? </s> <s id="s.012466">vt etiam Galenus <lb></lb>teſtatur: attamen ius è carne bouis ſuccu<lb></lb>lentum eſt ac pingue, è vitulina inane ac <lb></lb>inſipidum. </s> <s id="s.012467">Cauſa eſt, quoniam in bouina <lb></lb>carne pingue illud denſius eſt, quàm in <lb></lb>vitulina, ideoque minime exhalat ob <expan abbr="ignẽ">ignem</expan>, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1707"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aquamque pinguem reddit. </s> <s id="s.012468">Cur butyrum <lb></lb>prohibet quandoque ne aqua ebulliat? </s> <s id="s.012469">an <lb></lb>quia denſum cùm ſit, aëreum ac pingue, <lb></lb>trahit ad ſe vapores, qui feruere aquam fa<lb></lb>ciant? </s> <s id="s.012470">Cur argilla trahit impura? </s> <s id="s.012471">quòd <lb></lb>tenax ſit, nec calore diſſoluitur, ſed denſa<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.012472">Itaque cùm feruent, miſcentur, hæ<lb></lb>rentque feſtucæ, ſcobs, terra, & quæcun<lb></lb>que talia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.012473">Nux verò cur celeriùs <lb></lb>pullos eoqui facit? </s> <s id="s.012474">an quia virtutem ha<lb></lb>bet aërem, & calorem penetrare cogit, <lb></lb>eo modo, quo ſuperiùs de ſinapi dictum <lb></lb>eſt? <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1708"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012475"><margin.target id="marg1706"></margin.target>Cœleſtium, <lb></lb>& morta<lb></lb>lium ſimili<lb></lb>tudo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012476"><margin.target id="marg1707"></margin.target>Cur ius ex <lb></lb>bouina car<lb></lb>ne ſuccoſius, <lb></lb>quam ex vi<lb></lb>tulina. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012477">Cur buty<lb></lb>rum prohi<lb></lb>bet aquam <lb></lb>ne ebulliat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012478">Argilla cur <lb></lb>impurum <lb></lb>trahat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012479">Nux cur ad <lb></lb>coctionem <lb></lb>iuuet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012480"><margin.target id="marg1708"></margin.target>Balſamum <lb></lb>cur ex vno <lb></lb>puteo <expan abbr="tãtum">tantum</expan> <lb></lb>irrigari poſ<lb></lb>ſet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012481">Eadem ratione, cur balſamum non niſi <lb></lb>è quodam puteo irrigari poterat, qui pro<lb></lb>pinquus Nilo erat? </s> <s id="s.012482">an quia omne quod nu<lb></lb>tritur, tale eſt, quale nutrimentum? </s> <s id="s.012483">itaque <lb></lb>aqua. </s> <s id="s.012484">Nili tenuiſſima eſt, atque aëreæ ſub<lb></lb>ſtantiæ. </s> <s id="s.012485">Eadem imbuta certo bituminis <lb></lb>genere alere poteſt Balſami arbuſta, non <lb></lb>autem alia, niſi ei conſimilis. </s> <s id="s.012486">Similiter </s> </p> <pb pagenum="633" xlink:href="016/01/280.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012487"><arrow.to.target n="marg1709"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>referunt anthropophagos, Caribes à quibuſ<lb></lb>dam ab aliis Canibales, adeò truculento ac <lb></lb>toruo, & terribili eſſe aſpectu, tum truci, <lb></lb>vt homines cæteri captiuorum, & mortuo<lb></lb>rum vix aſpectum ſuſtinere queant: quod <lb></lb>etiam de Mario ſepties Conſule captiuo, & <lb></lb>Nerone mortuo auctores fide digni refe<lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.012488">Cibus igitur mutat aſpectum, & na<lb></lb>turam, hoc enim luculenter in ſecundo Con<lb></lb>tradicentium medicorum demonſtratum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012489">Facilè eſt igitur conſuetudine, & victus ge<lb></lb>nere mutare mores ac formam animan<lb></lb>tium, tum etiam proprietates eis mirabiles <lb></lb>adiicere. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1710"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012490"><margin.target id="marg1709"></margin.target>Anthropo<lb></lb>phagorum <lb></lb>intuitus cur <lb></lb>adeò terri<lb></lb>bilis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012491"><margin.target id="marg1710"></margin.target>Cur qui vno <lb></lb>oculo malè <lb></lb>vident, ſtra<lb></lb>bi <expan abbr="efficiãtur">efficiantur</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012492">Quædam etiam in aperto habent cau<lb></lb>ſam, velut cur qui oculo vno malè an nihil <lb></lb>prorſus vident à pueris, ſtrabi euadunt? </s> <s id="s.012493">Ra<lb></lb>tio eſt manifeſtiſſima: nam cùm ab aduerſa <lb></lb>parte oculus non videat, cogitur inflecti, <lb></lb>& diſtorqueri, & ex conſuetudine ſtrabi <lb></lb>euadunt. </s> <s id="s.012494">Hi autem oculos ad naſum obli<lb></lb>quos, & reſpicientes habent. </s> <s id="s.012495">Quòd ſi cæci<lb></lb>tas poſt infantiam contingat, non adeò ſtra<lb></lb>bi fiunt, duabus ex cauſis: altera, quòd iam <lb></lb>oculus aſſueuit ſtare ſuo ſitu, nec diſtorque<lb></lb>ri, tunc verò nerui iam duri ſunt, nec fa<lb></lb>cilè nouis motibus ſeruiunt: reliqua, <lb></lb>quòd adulti collum pro oculo conſultò in<lb></lb>flectunt. <arrow.to.target n="marg1711"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012496"><margin.target id="marg1711"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>muſculi mo<lb></lb>ueantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012497">Sed ex hac rurſus ſubtiliſſima contem<lb></lb>platio oritur, quam Galenus ſe neſcire ſol<lb></lb>luere profitetur: quónam pacto muſculi mo<lb></lb>ueantur. </s> <s id="s.012498">Nam rudes & pueri, & belluæ ap<lb></lb>tè illos mouent, & ad actus, quos deſide<lb></lb>rant, cùm tamen nouerint eorum functio<lb></lb>nem, imò neque illos ſe habere ſciunt Ita<lb></lb>que exiſtimandum eſt, cùm duo ſint neceſ<lb></lb>ſaria ad motum aptum, & membri electio, <lb></lb>& muſculorum in membro: primùm qui<lb></lb>dem ab anima, & ſpiritu proficiſci, reliquum <lb></lb>verò à conſuetudine. </s> <s id="s.012499">Nam ſi videas infantes, <lb></lb>cùm ambulare conantur, omnes trahunt <lb></lb>muſculos, hunc modò, modò illum, at<lb></lb>que tandem aſſueſcunt vnicuique motui in<lb></lb>ſeruientem proprium muſculum contrahe<lb></lb>re: quod in teſtitudine pulſantibus manife<lb></lb>ſtè deprehenditur: eas enim chordas tangunt <lb></lb>vtrunque, quas tangere oportunum eſt, ſo<lb></lb>la conſuetudine ducti. </s> <s id="s.012500">Sed mihi maior vide<lb></lb>tur de membris difficultas, cùm linguam non <lb></lb>manus loquendi cauſa, ambulandi gratia <lb></lb>pedes, non caput moueant belluæ. </s> <s id="s.012501">Verùm <lb></lb>videtur & hoc ab eadem contingere cauſa: <lb></lb>nam cùm catulum in aquam nuper natum <lb></lb>proieceris, omnia mouet membra: verùm <lb></lb>capite extento minùs ſuffocari, pedibus <lb></lb>verò anterioribus motis meliùs ſuſtineri ſe <lb></lb>ſentiat, ea virtute, quam Græci vocant <lb></lb>phantaſiam, caput quidem ſuper aquas <lb></lb>quantum poteſt, ſeruat immobile, inde <lb></lb>caudam mouet, tum pedes poſtremos ma<lb></lb>gis, maximè etiam anteriores: à quibus au<lb></lb>tem non ſentit ſe iuuari, ea mouere deſinit, <lb></lb>donec tândem opportunis motibus aſſueſcat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012502">Indicio eſt meliùs natare vnum animal, <lb></lb>quàm aliud, vt natura dociliora ſunt, & <lb></lb>adultum, quàm nuper natum, & aſſuetum, <lb></lb>quàm quod nunquam natauit: atque ita <lb></lb>etiam in cæteris motibus contingit. </s> <s id="s.012503">Hi igi<lb></lb>tur omnes motus duobus conſtant princi<lb></lb>piis: altero, quod omne animal etiam im<lb></lb>perfectum habet virtutem, qua quod dele<lb></lb>ctat, ſequitur, fugit quod lædit: reliquum <lb></lb>eſt genus memoriæ, ſed habitus quidam, <lb></lb>quo didicit membra, & muſculos mouere, <lb></lb>quæ & quos apta illi motui iam aliàs exper<lb></lb>tum eſt: atque ea de cauſa videmus quoſdam <lb></lb>longo morbo viros coactos rurſus non ſecùs <lb></lb>ac infantes diſcere ambulare: igitur muſculi <lb></lb>tum membra conſuetudine ad oportunam <lb></lb>occaſionem didicerunt applicari. </s> <s id="s.012504">Artibus <arrow.to.target n="marg1712"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnibus ſubtiliores ſunt, quæ diuinare do<lb></lb>cent, quòd ( vt dixi ) futura cognoſcere, ſit <lb></lb>benè diuinum. </s> <s id="s.012505">Nobiliores in hoc genere, <lb></lb>præter eas, quæ de temporum natura conſi<lb></lb>derant, vt ſuprà diximus, ſunt Aſtrologia, & <lb></lb>pulſuum ratio. </s> <s id="s.012506"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> hæ ſolæ propè ſuum aſſe<lb></lb>quuntur finem. </s> <s id="s.012507">Medicus enim in ægro illius <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1713"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>auxilio, mortem etiam procul ſtantem vi<lb></lb>det. </s> <s id="s.012508">Ergo verè ſapiens longè rege beatior <lb></lb>eſt: nam quum ſapiens ea, quæ nouit, ſe<lb></lb>cum recolligit, quantúmque à cœtu vulgari <lb></lb>abſit, intelligit ſecurus ac cœtus, inde con<lb></lb>tentus viuet. </s> <s id="s.012509">At Rex cùm ærumnas, ſerui<lb></lb>tutem, pericula, quódque omnia amiſſurus <lb></lb>eſt breui recognoſcit, incertus, & anxius, <lb></lb>tum ad omnes caſus pauidus ac trepidus <lb></lb>viuet. </s> <s id="s.012510">Hæc igitur ſumma, quam homini <lb></lb>Deus tribuere aut potuit, aut voluit, felici<lb></lb>tas eſt. </s> <s id="s.012511">Voluit autem quicquid potuit in <lb></lb>bonis. </s> <s id="s.012512">Cùm enim cætera in incerto poſita <lb></lb>ſint, animus ipſe vt tenuiſſimæ ſubſtantiæ, ita <lb></lb>immortalitatis abundè particeps, & vitæ <lb></lb>qualiſcunque melioris, quàm inter ſordes <lb></lb>habere potuit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012513"><margin.target id="marg1712"></margin.target>Nobiliores <lb></lb>artes futura <lb></lb>prædicendi.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012514"><margin.target id="marg1713"></margin.target>Sapiens lon<lb></lb>gè rege bea<lb></lb>tior.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012515">Ad hanc habendam ſapientiam delectu <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1714"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in ſtudiis opus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012516">Euclidem primò, inde Al<lb></lb>chindum ad firmandam <foreign lang="grc">φαντασίαν</foreign> aggredie<lb></lb>mur, pòſt verò Calculatorem: nam eo <foreign lang="grc">φαν<lb></lb>τατία</foreign> à ſenſu omni abſoluta confirmatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012517">Pòſt Arithmetica diſcere oportet, atque <lb></lb>inter illa, quæ à nobis ſcripta ſunt, in libris <lb></lb>Artis magnæ, & hortis numerorum. </s> <s id="s.012518">Inde <lb></lb>ad Archimedem, Appollonium, & Eutocium <lb></lb>tranſibimus. </s> <s id="s.012519">Inde Scotum cum Ariſtotele, <lb></lb>& interpretibus, Theophraſto, Alexandró<lb></lb>que, tum Themiſtio, Simplicio, Philopono, <lb></lb>Auerroë, atque eiuſcemodi viris claſſicis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012520">Sexto loco Ptolomæum, ſeptimum <expan abbr="Vitruuiũ">Vitruuium</expan> <lb></lb>ſtatuemus. </s> <s id="s.012521">Hinc ad quam voluerimus artem <lb></lb>profiteri, vt medicam, aut iuris prudentiam, <lb></lb>aut Theologiam tranſibimus. </s> <s id="s.012522">Atque hic or<lb></lb>do ſcientiam. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012523"><margin.target id="marg1714"></margin.target>Ratio ſtudio<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012524">Cæterùm in ſingulis ſcientiis optimos <lb></lb>quoſcunque auctores poſtquam omnium <lb></lb>conſenſu ſapientum vita noſtra breuis eſt, <lb></lb>legere oportet Qui autem ſint, iam ex parte <lb></lb>dictum eſt: generaliter autem non eſt ha<lb></lb>bendus in pretio, in aliqua arte, qui non <lb></lb>multùm ſcripſerit, & præter quam in Poëſi, <lb></lb>& Mathematicis. </s> <s id="s.012525">Cùm enim reliquæ artes <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1715"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iudicio præter inuentionem conſtent: iudi<lb></lb>cium ex ſcientia multarum rerum proce<lb></lb>dit, ſi amor gloriæ eos ſtimulat, ſuppetit<lb></lb>que ſtylus, multa eos ſcribere, qui multa <lb></lb>ſciunt, optiméque ſciunt, neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.012526">Nam <lb></lb>dulciſſima eſt voluptas, gloria, & nominis <lb></lb>ac imaginis intellectus proprij æternitas, <lb></lb>multóque anteferendam ſtatuis ac imagini<lb></lb>bus, quibus reges memoriæ ſui ſtudent. </s> <s id="s.012527">Nam <pb pagenum="634" xlink:href="016/01/281.jpg"></pb>quid hæc nunc ſcriptura ab intellectu meo <lb></lb>differt? </s> <s id="s.012528">Intellectus verò meus eſt, quicquid <lb></lb>in me boni eſt. </s> <s id="s.012529">Sic igitur qui hæc leget, an<lb></lb>nos poſt bis mille, intellectum meum vide<lb></lb>bit, & aſſequetur. </s> <s id="s.012530">Atque hæc eſt vniuſcuiuſ<lb></lb>que intellectus perpetuitas, non autem æter<lb></lb>nitas. </s> <s id="s.012531">Manet ergo poſt fata quod optimum <lb></lb>eſt in nobis, etiam præter ſcripta, audiéntque <lb></lb>ſecula loquentem me: ita ex mortali homine <lb></lb>fit aliquid, quod ſemper manet: intellectus, <lb></lb>autem, & quod intelligitur vnum ſunt, & <lb></lb>ſubſtantia æterna. </s> <s id="s.012532">Dictum eſt autem de hoc <lb></lb>aliàs. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012533"><margin.target id="marg1715"></margin.target>Qui pauca <lb></lb>ſcripſerunt, <lb></lb>nullius au<lb></lb>ctoritatis eſ<lb></lb>ſe debent, <lb></lb>præterquam <lb></lb>in Poëſi, & <lb></lb>Mathemati<lb></lb>ca. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012534">Gloria cur <lb></lb>expectatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012535">In Poëſi tamen, qui parùm ſcribit, cùm <lb></lb>furore agatur, iudicium habere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012536">Et <lb></lb>in Mathematicis, quia ſolum probantur, <lb></lb>quæ finem habent, & qua ad demonſtran<lb></lb>dum finem ſunt neceſſaria: cùm tamen ob <lb></lb>id etſi multò plura ſcirent Euclides, & Ar<lb></lb>chimedes, quàm ſcripſerint, laudantur <lb></lb>magis, & in his atque probantur, qui plu<lb></lb>ra ſcripſerunt, vt Homerus, Virgilius, <lb></lb>Naſo, Archimedes, Euclides, Ptolomæus: <lb></lb>quàm qui pauca, vt Theocritus, Perſius, <lb></lb>Catullus aut Nicomachus, Diocles, & Ar<lb></lb>chitas. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1716"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012537"><margin.target id="marg1716"></margin.target>Theonis <lb></lb>laus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012538">Sphæræ ad <lb></lb>aliorum cor<lb></lb>porum capa<lb></lb>citatem pro<lb></lb>portio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012539">Im verò & inter celebres authores repo<lb></lb>natur Theon, qui Euclidis elementa, & <lb></lb>Ptolemæi magnam expoſuit compoſitionem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012540">Hic inter cætera inuenta demonſtrandi <lb></lb>ſphæram, omnium corporum eſſe capaciſ<lb></lb>ſimam. </s> <s id="s.012541">Ea ratio vt demonſtrat, ita etiam <lb></lb>arte verum hoc eſſe deprehendimus: etſi non <lb></lb>ad amuſſim, qualis ſit ratio capacitatis ſphæ<lb></lb>ræ ad reliqua corpora. </s> <s id="s.012542">Si igitur cubi latus <lb></lb>ſit quatuor, corpus ipſum erit 64. & am<lb></lb>bitus omnium ſuperficierum 96. at ſphæra, <lb></lb>cuius ambitus eſt 96. habet ex Archimede <lb></lb>maiorem circulum 24. ad vnguem: igi<lb></lb>tur demetiens erit ex Archimede cùm <lb></lb>area ſit 24. fermè quinque & dimidium <lb></lb>Igitur cylindrus ſuper maiorem circulum <lb></lb>erit quaſi 122. fit enim ex dimetiente in ba<lb></lb>ſin: at cylindrus ſuper circulum maximum <lb></lb>ſphæræ ex Archimede eſt ſeſquialter illi: <lb></lb>igitur cùm cylindrus ſit 132. fermè, erit <lb></lb>ſphæra quaſi 88. igitur cùm vbi ambitus eſt <lb></lb>96. ipſe cubus ſolidus eſt 64. cum autem <arrow.to.target n="marg1717"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſphæræ ambitus eſt 96. ipſa ſphæra eſt. </s> <s id="s.012543">88. <lb></lb>igitur proportio ſphæræ ad cubum, cùm am<lb></lb>bitus eſt, idem erit fermè, & propinquiſ<lb></lb>ſima ei, quæ eſt 11. ad 8. Faciliùs demon<lb></lb>ſtrantur hæc in plano, corpora enim ſolida <lb></lb>omnia, quæ ſphæra includi poſſunt, cer<lb></lb>ta ratione in libris de Varietate rerum, <lb></lb>qualiter in plano poſſent deſcribi, docui<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.012544">Nunc ſphæram leui labore, & par<lb></lb>uo errore ex ambitu conficere, propoſitum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.012545">Typographicæ enim arti, ſeu cœleſtem, <lb></lb>ſeu terrenam conficere velimus, vtiliſſimum <lb></lb>hoc eſt. </s> <s id="s.012546">Proponamus ſphæram, cuius æqui<lb></lb>noctij circulus ſit 44. & diuidatur ſex circu<lb></lb>lis maioribus, per polos ductis in duode<lb></lb>cim partes æquales: ſeparentúrque duode<lb></lb>cim illæ zonæ, dico eas in plano extendi <lb></lb>poſſe, vt non lædantur. </s> <s id="s.012547">Quamobrem ex ſo<lb></lb>lido ad planum, & ex plano rurſus ad ſoli<lb></lb>dum, abſque errore notatu digno, tranſi<lb></lb>tus mutuus fiet: vt quæ in ſolido ratione <lb></lb>inuenta ſunt, poſſint in plano fingi: & in <lb></lb>plano ficta, ad ſolidum redigi. </s> <s id="s.012548">Maximum <lb></lb>enim, ſi quod erit diſcrimen, in medio erit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012549">Pars ea 3 2/3 ex 44. in ſphæra habet. </s> <s id="s.012550">Sinus <lb></lb>igitur eius eſt quarta pars diametri, id eſt <lb></lb>3 1/2 duc in ſe fit 12 1/4 & tantùm debet produ<lb></lb>ci ex 14. diuiſo in duas partes. </s> <s id="s.012551">Igitur partes <lb></lb>erunt fermè 13 1/16 & 15/15. hæc igitur eſt ſagit<lb></lb>ta: quadrata igitur ſinus, & ſagittæ iuncta <lb></lb>ſunt 13 33/256. Igitur latus quod arcui par<lb></lb>tium 3 2/3 ſubtenditur, parùm differt à 3 <lb></lb>5/8. Igitur arcus à recta ſua diſcrimen eſt <lb></lb>1/24. Quare ad partem æquinoctij interceptam <lb></lb>1/88 inſenſibile prorſus. </s> <s id="s.012552">Et hæc ratio in om<lb></lb>nibus parallelis eſt obſeruanda, vt ex his, <lb></lb>quæ in ſeptimo ſuper Euclidem demonſtra<lb></lb>uimus, patet, in paruis quoque minùs con<lb></lb>ſpicua erit. </s> <s id="s.012553">Quare ſeu in charta, ſeu in pa<lb></lb>pyro, dum extenditur, nihil differt. </s> <s id="s.012554">Atque <lb></lb>eo modo ſenſu deprehendi etiam poteſt <lb></lb>proportio ſphæræ ad reliqua omnia corpo<lb></lb>ra, quæ ambitum æqualem habent. </s> <s id="s.012555">Cùm <lb></lb>verò, vr ſuperiùs dictum eſt, leuis ſit ſphæ<lb></lb>rica figura, & plus continet, omnia quaſi <lb></lb>quendam habent ſenſum: nam quò plus <lb></lb>continet, eò robuſtior redditur ad reſiſten<lb></lb>dum: itaque elementa liquida, maximè vt <lb></lb>aër, & aqua, & obſcurius terra, in rotundam <lb></lb>formam ſpontè ſe vertunt, vt tutiſſimam ab <lb></lb>externa iniuria. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1718"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012556"><margin.target id="marg1717"></margin.target>Sphæra quo<lb></lb>modo ex pla<lb></lb>nis fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012557"><margin.target id="marg1718"></margin.target>Viuentium <lb></lb>facultates <lb></lb>tres princi<lb></lb>pales, & <lb></lb>quatuor <lb></lb>ſeruientes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012558">Verùm viuentia ipſa præter hunc laten<lb></lb>tem ſenſum alias habent facultates: princi<lb></lb>pales tres, generationem, nutritionem, au<lb></lb>gmentum. </s> <s id="s.012559">Quatuor his ſeruientes: attra<lb></lb>ctionem, quæ fit à magno calore, & multo <lb></lb>humido: retentricem, quæ ſpecies attra<lb></lb>ctionis leuis: nam quæ attrahit, retinet <lb></lb>etiam, ideò à maiore calore trahitur, & ca<lb></lb>lore ille humido non indiget. </s> <s id="s.012560">Si verò calor <lb></lb>ſit paruus, & humidum abundet, expellitur: <lb></lb>cum verò calor, & humidum maxima ſunt, <lb></lb>concoquitur. </s> <s id="s.012561">Maximus igitur calor aut cum <lb></lb>maximo humido eſt, & concoquit: aut cùm <lb></lb>mediocri, & trahit: mediocris calor cum <lb></lb>multo humido expellit, abſque humido <lb></lb>retinet. </s> <s id="s.012562">Sunt & tria genera cauſarum, <lb></lb>trium virtutum in animalibus præter has: <lb></lb>nam cùm quæ retinet, trahit, expellitve, <lb></lb>non tamen quæ concoquit, fieri poſſint à <lb></lb>villis ſeu fibris: fiunt etiam à muſculis vo<lb></lb>luntati obedientibus: tertio a vacuo, vt in <lb></lb>corde. </s> <s id="s.012563">De his verò aliàs dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.012564">Expul<lb></lb>tricis in plantis: indicia, & exemplum à la<lb></lb>chrymis earum, ſumendum eſt: nam odiſſe <lb></lb>videntur, quod expellunt, & fugiunt, quan<lb></lb>tum licet. </s> <s id="s.012565">Verùm cum inſtrumentis ad fu<lb></lb>gam aptis careant, expellunt potiùs. </s> <s id="s.012566">At ani<lb></lb>malium nonnulla genera, vt grues ac hirun<arrow.to.target n="marg1719"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dines, verno tempore ad nos veniunt, æſtuo<lb></lb>ſam regionem fugientes: autemno timen<lb></lb>tes hyemem, in calidas regiones caternatim <lb></lb>commigrant, vnde videntur in Alexandria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012567">Iam infinitum ſit, ſi velim artium omnium <lb></lb>mira inuenta explicare, ſed hæc pro exem<lb></lb>plo ſunt. </s> <s id="s.012568">Animaduerti ſaltantes procul ma<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1720"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gis è ſublimi loco ſaltare: id qua ratione fo<lb></lb>ret, quærere volui. </s> <s id="s.012569">Igitur planum AB, in <lb></lb>plano ex A in C, ſaltus fiat: ſit murus erectus <lb></lb>ſuper planum A D: dico quòd ex D, ſalta-<pb pagenum="635" xlink:href="016/01/282.jpg"></pb>bit vltra A C, & minùs, quàm per duplum <lb></lb>AC. </s> <s id="s.012570">Idem dico de iactu lapidis, quia primò <lb></lb>defertur per circuli circumferentiam quaſi <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.282.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/282/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>æquidiſtantem AC: impetus non poteſt age<lb></lb>re vltra duplum ſui roboris, ideò fertur per <lb></lb>circumferentiam æqualem priori, hæc autem <lb></lb>ſubtendit ſimum minorem A C, igitur non <lb></lb>poterit transferri vltra C, per tantum ſpa<lb></lb>tium, quantum eſt A C, quod demonſtran<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.012571">Si igitur AD, ſit multò maior AC, erit <lb></lb>punctus E, ſaltus, quaſi diſtans duplo CA, <lb></lb>à puncto A: cum verò AD, fuerit minor AC, <lb></lb>erit E, punctus diſtans ab A, puncto minùs <lb></lb>duplo AC, imò minùs, quam per DA, & <lb></lb>AC, iunctas, & magis, quàm per DC, li<lb></lb>neam. </s> <s id="s.012572">Quæſitum ſimiliter eſt, cur aſcenden<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1721"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tibus nobis adeò crura fatigentur, & homo <lb></lb>frequentius anhelet? </s> <s id="s.012573">Diſcrimen autem aſ<lb></lb>cenſus, & plani haud lene eſt, imò in 500. <lb></lb>paſſibus plus homo aſcendendo affligitur, <lb></lb>quàm in plani 4000. Cauſa laboris in aſcen<lb></lb>dendo per acliuia triplex eſt, prima quidem <lb></lb>communis omni motui, quoniam muſculi, & <lb></lb>membra omnia mouentur. </s> <s id="s.012574">Secunda, quæ aſ<lb></lb>cendentibus per ſcalas etiam conuenit, eſt <lb></lb>quia cogitur eleuare corpus tanta altitudine, <lb></lb>quantus eſt gradus: corpus autem graue, gra<lb></lb>uis, autem eleuatio laborioſa. </s> <s id="s.012575">In plano verò <lb></lb>aliquantiſper etiam eleuatur corpus, ſed adeò <lb></lb>parùm, vt vix ſentiatur. </s> <s id="s.012576">Ideò gradus ſcala<lb></lb>rum quò altiores, eò aſcenſus magis fatigat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012577">Tertia cauſa, propria eſt ſitui accliui. </s> <s id="s.012578">Homo <lb></lb>enim cùm non rectè quieſcat, niſi planis pe<lb></lb>dibus, & accliui ſuperficies non æquidiſtet <lb></lb>centro terræ, cogitur, & dum aſcendit, & <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> <lb></lb>ſtat, nixu magno ſe continere, quoniam pe<lb></lb>dum plantæ non quieſcent: cogitur igitur <lb></lb>homo è tribus vnum facere, vel ſoli pedum <lb></lb>anteriori parti inſiſtere, vel anterius totum <lb></lb>inclinare corpus, aut maxima diſtentione <lb></lb>muſculorum, quod laborioſiſſimum eſt ſe <lb></lb>continere. </s> <s id="s.012579">Ob id maximum cenſetur roboris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1722"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>experimentum, erecto corpore, & planis aſ<lb></lb>cendere pedibus per accliuia. </s> <s id="s.012580">Manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt autem, quòd quantò magis accliue, eò <lb></lb>difficilius longè, nec æquali ſeruata propor<lb></lb>tione. </s> <s id="s.012581">Hæc igitur talia circa artes mira con<lb></lb>ſtant ſubtilitate, ſed artium nulla in ſubtili<lb></lb>tate ioculariæ, multò minùs magis conferri <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012582">Quamobrem, vt de mirabilium cauſis <lb></lb>agam, iam tempus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012583"><margin.target id="marg1719"></margin.target>Hirundines <lb></lb>hyeme vbi <lb></lb>latent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012584"><margin.target id="marg1720"></margin.target>Ratio ſal<lb></lb>tuum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012585"><margin.target id="marg1721"></margin.target>Cur homo <lb></lb>æſcendendo <lb></lb>adeò fatige<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012586"><margin.target id="marg1722"></margin.target>Roboris ma<lb></lb>ximum expe<lb></lb>rimentum.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.282.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/282/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012587"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVSOCTAVVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012588"><emph type="center"></emph>De Mirabilibus, & modo repræſentandi <lb></lb>res varias præter fidem.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012589">MEMINI enim, cùm Carolus V. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1723"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cæſar feliciſſimus, Mediola<lb></lb>num veniſſet, Principe Fran<lb></lb>ciſco Sfortia, eius nominis ſe<lb></lb>cundo, Hiſpanum fuiſſe in co<lb></lb>mitatu Cæſaris, nomine Damautum, vel <lb></lb>Dalmagum, qui adeò mira faceret, perſtrin<lb></lb>gerétque tam aptè oculos videntium, vt qui <lb></lb>Philoſophiæ expertes eſſent, ipſum pro ma<lb></lb>go haberent. </s> <s id="s.012590">Nec talem, vt intellexi noſtra <lb></lb>ſecula, aut antiquiora multò viderunt: nam <lb></lb>inaudita, & incredibilia faciebat. </s> <s id="s.012591">Nuper ag<lb></lb>nouit Franciſcum Somam Neapolitanum <lb></lb>nobilem adoleſcentem, quem conſtat vix vi<lb></lb>geſimum ſecundum annum attingere, qui <lb></lb>præter Muſicæ artis ſingularem peritiam, <lb></lb>adeò vt etiam in cheli pulſanda parem non <lb></lb>habeat, multarum præſtigiarum ac ſupra fi<lb></lb>dem gnarus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012592">Atque inter cæteras, quam <lb></lb>ego ſæpiùs vidi, aliique amici noſtri, cuiuſ<lb></lb>que naturalem rationem nunquam excogi<lb></lb>tare potui, hanc faciebat. </s> <s id="s.012593">Spargebat chartas <lb></lb>in menſa, ſic tamen vt cumulus non diſſolue<lb></lb>retur, iubebátque vnam nos excipere atque <lb></lb>abſcondere, inde accepto cumulo miſcebat <lb></lb>illas, diuinabátque, quænam eſſet: ſed hoc <lb></lb>forſan agilitati manuum tribui potuerat: <lb></lb>verùm, quòd ſequitur, nequaquàm: nam de<lb></lb>nuò charta cumulo inſerta, eóque depoſito <lb></lb>iubebat alium atque alium chartam excipe<lb></lb>re: primum qui extraxerat, eandem ſemper <lb></lb>extraxiſſe cognouimus, quaſi vel nos ad id <lb></lb>cogeret, vt eandem caperemus, aut faciem <lb></lb>rei immutaret. </s> <s id="s.012594">Cúmque virum ſolertem ac <lb></lb>Epicureum ſpectaculo adhibuiſſem, faſſus eſt <lb></lb>is, ſe non aſſequi modum quo id fieri poſſet: <lb></lb>quanquam non propter id exiſtimaret, con<lb></lb>fiteri oportet aliquam eſſe vim in his infe<lb></lb>rioribus, præter eam <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> cernimus à natura <lb></lb>rebus inditam. </s> <s id="s.012595"><expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan> hic noſtram omnem di<lb></lb>ligentiam fallebat, & <expan abbr="ſolertiã">ſolertiam</expan> ſuperauit. </s> <s id="s.012596">Ob<lb></lb>murmurabat autem quædam perpetuò dum <lb></lb>hæc ageret quaſi ſupputaret: cùm tamen <lb></lb>certum eſſet, id nulla numerorum ratione <lb></lb>conſtare. </s> <s id="s.012597">Quin cùm ſociùs ille noſter, char<lb></lb>tam quam detraxerat antequàm libro ſup<lb></lb>poneret, inſpexiſſet, inquit Soma, Confudiſti <lb></lb>omnia, ordinemque meum perueniſti: ſed ta<lb></lb>men charta eadem eſt, quàm prius detraxe<lb></lb>ras, ſcilicet bini flores, atque ita eſſe depre<lb></lb>hendimus. </s> <s id="s.012598">Et quanquam quædam mihi ma<lb></lb>gis mira oſtenderit, indicia tamen erant eſſe <pb pagenum="636" xlink:href="016/01/283.jpg"></pb>omnia cuiuſdam præſtigiatrici artis opus po<lb></lb>tius, quàm vel dæmonum, aut multò minus <lb></lb>miracula: ſed tamen quæ admirabilior eſſet, <lb></lb>quàm humanâ cogitatione poſſemus eam <lb></lb>aſſequi. </s> <s id="s.012599">Et niſi plures diuerſas chartas exci<lb></lb>pere aliquando iuſſiſſet, ſuſpicatus fuiſſem <lb></lb>cumulum illum ſuppoſuiſſe, qui ex vniuſ<lb></lb>modi chartis conſtaret, veluti geminorum <lb></lb>florum. </s> <s id="s.012600">Nam ea techna fieret, vt quicunque <lb></lb>chartam detraheret, ſemper in eandem inci<lb></lb>dere videretur. </s> <s id="s.012601">Sed (vt dixi)varietas reliqua<lb></lb>rum obſtabat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012602"><margin.target id="marg1723"></margin.target>Damauti <lb></lb>ſeu Dalmagi <lb></lb>Hiſpani præ<lb></lb>ſtigiatoris <lb></lb>hiſtoriis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012603">Quicquid ſit, memini me legiſſe hanc ar<lb></lb>tem, háſque præſtigias, è nouo orbe tranſla<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1724"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tas eſſe, vbi earum miri ſunt artifices. </s> <s id="s.012604">Certum <lb></lb>eſt, antiquos authores non cognouiſſe, aut <lb></lb>adoraſſe: vt apud Pharaonem, & de Simone <lb></lb>Mago legitur. </s> <s id="s.012605">Cúmque tam mirabilis ſit hæc <lb></lb>ars, attamen nullo in pretio habetur, cùm vel <lb></lb>coquus, non vulgaris aliquam retineat exi<lb></lb>ſtimationem. </s> <s id="s.012606">Cauſa multiplex eſt, vt opinor: <lb></lb>primò, quòd circa inutilia verſetur. </s> <s id="s.012607">Secundò, <lb></lb>quòd à vilibus hominibus tractetur. </s> <s id="s.012608">Tertiò, <lb></lb>quòd diuinitatis olim præſidio inniterentur, <lb></lb>nunc deſtituta ſit. </s> <s id="s.012609">Accedit quòd legibus dam<lb></lb>netur: quodque decepti olim Principes dum <lb></lb>fruſtra ſperarent, contemptui expoſiti ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012610">Etenim quid iuuat, aut ignem vorare, aut <lb></lb>efflare? </s> <s id="s.012611">Nam aut qui vorant illum, prius col<lb></lb>lecta ſub lingua ſaliua extinguunt: qui <lb></lb>efflant, cotto & ſtupæ inuoluunt. </s> <s id="s.012612">Audaciæ <lb></lb>potius hæc ſunt portenta quàm ingenij. </s> <s id="s.012613">Infi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1725"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nita ſunt huius artis inuenta, transferre, oc<lb></lb>culere, vorare, ex oculis, è fronte humorem <lb></lb>copioſum elicere, ab ore clauos, filúmque <lb></lb>educere, vitrum mandere, brachia, manúſve <lb></lb>ſtylo penetrare, nectere cathenas ferreas cir<lb></lb>culis integris manentibus, imò quod maius <lb></lb>eſt ſurſum proiectos tres annulos deſcendere <lb></lb>vidi inuicem implicitos, cùm integri eſſent <lb></lb>& ſeparati antequàm, & dum proiiceren<lb></lb>tur: formas varias in vno, eodémque libel<lb></lb>lo oſtendunt, ſemper prioribus abſcenden<lb></lb>tibus: enſem ab acie nudo ventre, vſque <lb></lb>ad capulum premendo flectunt, alij ab dere <lb></lb>illum, & abſcondere penetrantem videntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012614">Puerum ſine capite, caput ſine puero oſten<lb></lb>dunt, viuunt tamen omnia, & nihil detri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1726"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>menti puer patitur interim. </s> <s id="s.012615">Iam ſi enume<lb></lb>rem, quot, quantáque ſtatuis ligneis paruis, <lb></lb>magatellos vocat vulgus, dies me deficiet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012616">Nam ludunt, pugnant, venantur, ſaltant, <lb></lb>tuba canunt, coquinariam exercent artem, <lb></lb>atque hæc omnia, vt mirabilia ſunt, ita nul<lb></lb>lius (vt dixi) vilitatis, & cùm reſciueris ra<lb></lb>tionem qua oculos fallunt, ea autem duobus <lb></lb>conſtat inſtrumentis variis ad hoc paratis, <lb></lb>manuumque agilitate, nec ſi te docere velint <lb></lb>precariò digneris diſcere. </s> <s id="s.012617">Solùm quæ in ore <lb></lb>abſcondunt ratione naturali conſtant, nam <lb></lb>latent poſt columellam in quodam amplo <lb></lb>ſpatio, quòd aſperam arteriam, atque gulam, <lb></lb>& os palati interiacet: alij verò etiam vo<lb></lb>rant, & cùm volunt, euomunt, longa conſue<lb></lb>tudine adiuti. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012618"><margin.target id="marg1724"></margin.target>Cur iocula <lb></lb>riæ artis pe<lb></lb>riti nullo in <lb></lb>pretio ha<lb></lb>beantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012619"><margin.target id="marg1725"></margin.target>Ioculariæ <lb></lb>artis opera.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012620"><margin.target id="marg1726"></margin.target>Quomodo in <lb></lb>ore res oc<lb></lb>cultent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012621">Fingunt alij vulnera adeò ad viuum, vt <lb></lb>chirurgos fallant. </s> <s id="s.012622">In manus dorſo fruſtrum <lb></lb>maſſæ tenuis fidibus interpoſitis compla<lb></lb>nant: diuidunt gladio ad cutim vſque rimas <lb></lb>ſanguine recenti ſpargunt, miraberis. </s> <s id="s.012623">Talia <lb></lb>multa vir Græcus amicus noſter propoſita <lb></lb>mercede docebat. </s> <s id="s.012624">Nuper Phratrius quidam <lb></lb>Mantuanus ſenex, Petro Mariæ Locarno im<lb></lb>poſita ſecuri, quàm nuper acuerat, ſuper cu<lb></lb>tem è regione lienis claua ferrea, quàm dex<lb></lb>tra habebat ponderis librarum duodecim, <lb></lb>cùm ſecurim ſiniſtra continet ſex magnis <lb></lb>ictibus (dictu incredibile ) vna die percuſſit, <lb></lb>ſequenti tribus, nec diuiſit cutim: ſed tamen <lb></lb>ſecuris acies quaſi rimam reliquit. </s> <s id="s.012625">Intus ve<lb></lb>rò in ſubiectis membris, rugarum inſtar, il<lb></lb>lata vulnera deprehendebantur. </s> <s id="s.012626">Dedit & <lb></lb>hic egregius vir vomitorium medicamen<lb></lb>tum, quo penè peremit hominem, nec tamen <lb></lb>venter detumuit, nec lien ſolutus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012627">Conſtat <lb></lb>igitur cedente ventre, & percutientis dexte<lb></lb>ritate, non verbulis illis miſeris, quæ ob<lb></lb>murabat, interim non penetraſſe ſecurim: <lb></lb>forſitan & aciei clam obducta cera. </s> <s id="s.012628">Omnia <lb></lb>credas potius, quàm miraculum, quòd irri<lb></lb>tum ſit: aut præcantationem, vel dæmonas, <lb></lb>vbi non illuſio ſenſuum, ſed res feria agitur, <lb></lb>ſeu quid diuiditur, aut frangitur, aut non fit <lb></lb>cùm fieri debeat, aut transfertur, dæmonas <lb></lb>carneos ipſis veris dæmonibus callidiores <lb></lb>eſſe ſcito. </s> <s id="s.012629">Verùm qui venena deuorant, & ſi <lb></lb>fraude ſæpe id fingant, periculoſiore tamen <lb></lb>exemplo, ac quod multis malè ceſſit, agunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012630">Ipſi tamen circulatores, præſtigiis ſi locus <lb></lb>non ſit, copioſo prius ingeſto butyro aduer<lb></lb>ſum ea ſe muniunt. </s> <s id="s.012631">Alij tractant ſerpentes, <lb></lb>ſed vel innoxios, vel exenteratis prius den<lb></lb>tibus, vel fame prius maceratos, vel frigo<lb></lb>re torpentes, vel educatos familiariter. </s> <s id="s.012632">Vn<lb></lb>de aliis temeritatem ſolùm ſine auxilio ad<lb></lb>dunt, hiſque exemplis egregiè ſimplicibus <lb></lb>viris, tum pueris nocent, exponúntque pe<lb></lb>riculis, vnde iure circulatores, ſycophantæ<lb></lb>que ac impoſtores dicuntur, & infames ha<lb></lb>bentur. </s> <s id="s.012633">Et nunc etiam aliquibus in vrbi<lb></lb>bus puniuntur, tanquam malum abſque <lb></lb>nono afferentes. </s> <s id="s.012634">Sunt qui temere perculſos <lb></lb>diuino afflatu ſe fingant, res prorſus mira <lb></lb>ob perſeuerantiam, quàm conſuetudine ſibi <lb></lb>pararunt. </s> <s id="s.012635">Alij ſunt è minorum genere, & <lb></lb>ſaltatores, qui præterquàm quòd ſint inno<lb></lb>xij: etiam delectant plurimùm, nec hi legibus <lb></lb>vllibi prohibentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012636">Audaciores his ſunt, quos funambulos <lb></lb>vocamus. </s> <s id="s.012637">Iam verò in iſtis, artis aliquid <lb></lb>eſt, & naturalis rationis plus: propterea <lb></lb>de illis tractare incipiam, quaſi ab initio <lb></lb>naturalis magiæ originem ducens. </s> <s id="s.012638">Eſt enim <lb></lb>magia, cùm rationibus naturalibus, occul<lb></lb>tis tamen aliquid mirabile perficitur. </s> <s id="s.012639">Er<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1727"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>go funambulorum ratio hæc eſt. </s> <s id="s.012640">Vir au<lb></lb>dax & exercitatus ſuper funem diſtentum <lb></lb>admodum, nudis pedibus inambulat, dex<lb></lb>tra læuáque pondus decem, aut quindecim, <lb></lb>vel etiam 20. librarum plumbeum conti<lb></lb>net, cùm ad dextram inclinatur intentus <lb></lb>operi ( ob hoc audaciſſimum eſſe oportet) <lb></lb>ſiniſtram intendit, ac extendit, remittit ac <lb></lb>contrahit dextram, ita antequàm vi dex<lb></lb>tra præponderet ſiniſtræ, pondera æquat, <lb></lb>& corpus reducit ad æquilibrium, inde <lb></lb>ſenſim & pondera, & brachia priſtino ſta<lb></lb>tui reſtituit. </s> <s id="s.012641">Hoc autem neceſſarium eſt: <lb></lb>nam antequàm caſurus ſit, oportet partem <lb></lb>alteram altera certa proportione pondere <pb pagenum="637" xlink:href="016/01/284.jpg"></pb>eſſe grauiorem. </s> <s id="s.012642">Cùm hæc proportio ſen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1728"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſim acquiratur, antequàm ſit acquiſita, <lb></lb>extento, & intento etiam brachio ad aliam <lb></lb>partem inclinatur, igitur non cadet. </s> <s id="s.012643">Ca<lb></lb>dere igitur poteſt, ſi vel funis non exactè <lb></lb>extenſus fuerit, ſi membra ſtupore interim <lb></lb>tentantur: ſi corpus non intentum validè <lb></lb>contineatur: ſi pauitet, ſi delaſſetur, ſi ar<lb></lb>te, vel vſu careat, vt tardius extendat, do<lb></lb>nec inclinetur, vel nimis extendat, vt in <lb></lb>aduerſam eius quum timuit decidat partem: <lb></lb>omitto quòd pondera rationem certam, <lb></lb>aut ei propinquam obtinere debent, ad ſin<lb></lb>gulorum, tum pondus, tum magnitudi<lb></lb>nem ac etiam vires. </s> <s id="s.012644">Ergo ſi hæc ſex adſint, <lb></lb>in nullo eſt periculo. </s> <s id="s.012645">Itaque quidam puer <lb></lb>ſphæris ligneis pedibus ſuppoſitis, aliquando <lb></lb>etiam ſacco incluſus totus præter brachia, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1729"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſuper funem inter cacumina turrium exten<lb></lb>ſum maximo noſtro pro illius vita metu am<lb></lb>bulabat. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012646"><margin.target id="marg1727"></margin.target>Funambulo<lb></lb>rum ratio.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012647"><margin.target id="marg1728"></margin.target>Pericula <lb></lb>funambulo<lb></lb>rum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012648"><margin.target id="marg1729"></margin.target>Funambulo<lb></lb>rum opera <lb></lb>varia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012649">Alius etiam deſcendebat ab imo ſolo ad <lb></lb>turrim, quòd difficilius eſt, quum renes <lb></lb>in hac exercitatione multùm laborent. </s> <s id="s.012650">Idem <lb></lb>ſe è turri abſque ponderibus pronus per fu<lb></lb>nem, vſque ad ſolum extentis manibus <lb></lb>demittebat: nam robur adeò manibus, & <lb></lb>brachiis conſtans erat ac firmum. </s> <s id="s.012651">vt illis <lb></lb>ponderum vice vteretur. </s> <s id="s.012652">Idem, quod mi<lb></lb>ſerrimum eſt, funiculo ſatis tenui pede ſe <lb></lb>ſuſpendebat è fune vbi proximus maximè <lb></lb>turri erat, infame ſpectaculum atque hor<lb></lb>rendum. </s> <s id="s.012653">Robore inde renum & dorſi ma<lb></lb>nibus vinculum apprehendebat, atque ita <lb></lb>funi denuò ſe reſtituebat. </s> <s id="s.012654">Fingebant am<lb></lb>bo ſe cadere præcipites, ſumma verò pedis <lb></lb>hærebant funi capite prono. </s> <s id="s.012655">Quantum pe<lb></lb>dis ſummitati illius roboris ineſſe neceſſa<lb></lb>rium fuerit, intelligis: nam ſola curuatura <lb></lb>digitorum, atque ea in ſiniſtram partem <lb></lb>ſuſtinebantur. </s> <s id="s.012656">Puer etiam præcipitem ſe <lb></lb>dabat cum ſphæris, alteráque earum fune <lb></lb>inter pedis plantam, & ſphæram hærente, <lb></lb>neſcio prorſus qua ratione, ne ob rotundi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1730"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tatem dilaberetur pendebat. </s> <s id="s.012657">Verùm ſupra <lb></lb>fidem omnem atque expectationem ars fuit, <lb></lb>atque audacia duorum Turcarum: tibi vi<lb></lb>ſa ac toti vrbi noſtræ refero. </s> <s id="s.012658">Duo erant <lb></lb>iuuenes corpore haud magno, ſed tereti: <lb></lb>quiſque illorum primus aſſumpto homine <lb></lb>in humeros per funem ad dimidium recti <lb></lb>anguli accliuem aſcendebat, & abſque <lb></lb>etiam ponderum auxilio. </s> <s id="s.012659">Inde adiectis gla<lb></lb>diis trium fermè palmorum longitudinis, <lb></lb>præacutis, aciéque nouaculæ, pedum mal<lb></lb>leolis, rurſus cum homine eodem aſcende<lb></lb>bat, adeò diſtentis pedibus vt nec in plana <lb></lb>terræ ſuperficie facilè fuerit ſic ambulare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012660">Inde funi ſuperpoſita tabula, pedibus verò <lb></lb>ſuppoſitis ſublicis quas noſtri ciues vocant <lb></lb>ſcancias, ſuper tabulam ſic poſitam ambula<lb></lb>bat, cùm tabula ipſa per ſe, ne vel momento <lb></lb>funi ſuperſtare poſſet. </s> <s id="s.012661">Deinde quinque <lb></lb>teretia ligna ferreo filo craſſiore transfixa, <lb></lb>ob idque cohærentia, ſed ita vt nullum <lb></lb>alteri poſſet rectè inſiſtere, vtrinque ſup<lb></lb>ponebat pedibus, cum quibus ſuper fu<lb></lb>nem ambulabat, cùm nemo ſic per planum <lb></lb>ſolum poſſit ambulare, imò ne ſtare queat, <lb></lb>hinc inde rotundis lignis, quæ craſſiora <lb></lb>brachio non eſſent dilabentibus. </s> <s id="s.012662">Poſtmo<lb></lb>dum ſuppoſitis patellis æneis abſque vin<lb></lb>culo, quas pedum extenſione retinere co<lb></lb>gebatur, ſuper fune ibat. </s> <s id="s.012663">Pòſt in caldario <lb></lb>(ſic enim Itali vas æneum vocant magnum) <lb></lb>ſedens ſtabat, caldarium ſupra funem pen<lb></lb>dulum, horribile dictu. </s> <s id="s.012664">Quòd verò proxi<lb></lb>mum miraculo fuit, haſtam cum ponderi<lb></lb>bus vaſi ſubduxit, vt caldarium in aëre <lb></lb>pendêre videretur. </s> <s id="s.012665">Nam haſtam retrò in<lb></lb>ter vas, & funem poſitam antè reduxit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012666">Saltabat ad rhythmum ſuper fune pulſan<lb></lb>te tympano, & modò ſe præcipitem ex il<lb></lb>la dabat hærens ſolo calce ( his oculis vidi) <lb></lb>modò tarſo, ac cymba pedis. </s> <s id="s.012667">Stupeat ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt qui videat alterum eorum diſten<lb></lb>tæ tenuiori funi, vt quæ pollicem non ex<lb></lb>cederet craſſitudine, inſiſtere, ac immota <lb></lb>tota ſuperiore parte, inferiorem tanto im<lb></lb>petu cum fune agitare, vt hinc inde palmis <lb></lb>pluſquàm duodecim celerrimè ac quaſi ia<lb></lb>culi iactu moueatur. </s> <s id="s.012668">Quòd verò minus pro<lb></lb>digioſum fuit, ſed ſupra fidem tamen om<lb></lb>nem humanæ potentiæ eſt, quòd cùm è <lb></lb>campo louiæ arcis ad turrim, quæ altiſſi<lb></lb>ma eſt, aſcendiſſet cum ponderibus, inde è <lb></lb>ſumma turri aſcendit ad trabem per funem, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.284.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/284/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quæ à plano plus tribus partibus è quatuor <lb></lb>recti anguli adeò erecta erat, diſtabat. </s> <s id="s.012669">Ma<lb></lb>iore quoque miraculo deſcendit quàm aſ<lb></lb>cendiſſet, pronus ſcilicet tanquam ruitu<lb></lb>rus in caput. </s> <s id="s.012670">Animaduerſum eſt, pollice <lb></lb>pedis vtriuſque dum funem continet ad<lb></lb>uerſus alios digitos tanquam forcipe fer<lb></lb>rea, tantum vim ſuſtinuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.012671">Neque aliter <lb></lb>fieri potuit, vt vel aſcenderet tam erecto <lb></lb>fune, vel deſcendens non rueret præceps. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012672">Voluit dum hæc ageret hominem ſecum <lb></lb>humeris ſuſtollere, magno pretio etiam ad<lb></lb>dito. </s> <s id="s.012673">Sed tam temerarij propoſiti compli<lb></lb>cem non inuenit. </s> <s id="s.012674">Itaque nil mirum eſt, <lb></lb>quoſcunque maximos principes hoc ſpecta<lb></lb>culo, vt re maximè egregia, delectatos fuiſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.012675">Plebem verò cenſuiſſe arte dæmonum <lb></lb>hæc fieri, quandoquidem ſupra vires huma<lb></lb>nas viderentur. </s> <s id="s.012676">Sed ceſſauit admiratio poſt<lb></lb>quàm liberalitate tua, ac perſuaſionibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1731"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>alter eorum, rarò exemplo noſtræ ætatis <lb></lb>Chriſtianus factus eſt, exhibetque eadem <lb></lb>ſpectacula. </s> <s id="s.012677">Qui etiam prænomine tuo do<lb></lb>natus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012678">Hunc ſæpe vidimus vaſa tria fi<lb></lb>gulina rotunda, & parum caua, medio mu<lb></lb>nita orbiculo ex aurichalco cauo, ad capi<lb></lb>tis claui magnitudinem, ſerico circum or<lb></lb>biculum, ne diffluant munita, trifido ex<lb></lb>cipere, ideóque celeriter manu penè im<lb></lb>mota in diuerſas partes circumagere, vt <lb></lb>viſum effugerent. </s> <s id="s.012679">Cauſa eſt æquilibrio con<lb></lb>iuncta leuitas metalli, ac vis illa latens, de <pb pagenum="638" xlink:href="016/01/285.jpg"></pb>qua in annuli motu ſuperius dicebamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012680">Ergo quanquam hæc quæ dicta ſunt de <lb></lb>funambulis propiora ſint miraculo, mino<lb></lb>ra tamen faciunt quæ olim legimus apud <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1732"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Suetonium, ſcilicet Claudium Cæſarem in<lb></lb>ter ludos elephantes funambulos exhibuiſſe, <lb></lb>id mirabilius illis quàm in puero, quòd ca<lb></lb>reant ratione, quòd tanto eſſent ponderoſio<lb></lb>res, quodque duobus non vni funibus inſi<lb></lb>ſterent. </s> <s id="s.012681">Sed tantum poteſt conſuetudo, im<lb></lb>probáque hominis cupiditas, & docilitas il<lb></lb>lius belluæ egregia, quæ maximè hominum <lb></lb>ingenio proxima eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1733"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012682"><margin.target id="marg1730"></margin.target>Funambulo<lb></lb>rum Turca<lb></lb>rum mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012683"><margin.target id="marg1731"></margin.target>Ferrandus <lb></lb>Turca.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012684"><margin.target id="marg1732"></margin.target>Elephantes <lb></lb>funambuli.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012685"><margin.target id="marg1733"></margin.target>Flumina <lb></lb>quomodo tu<lb></lb>tò quis poſſit <lb></lb>tranare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012686">Modus de<lb></lb>ambulandi <lb></lb>ſuper aquas.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012687">Vtilius flumina tranantur, coriaceo in<lb></lb>teſtino craſſiore: quod vbi opus fuerit infla<lb></lb>tur vehementer, & concluſis capitibus ſub <lb></lb>alis circumligatur: ita tutò equites & pe<lb></lb>dites in magnis neceſſitatibus fluminibus <lb></lb>ſe committunt, quandoque hoc ſolo tra<lb></lb>nare auxilio etiam auſi. </s> <s id="s.012688">Securius id fiet <lb></lb>etiam tympanis coriaceis ſub pedibus po<lb></lb>ſitis, baculóque cui tympanum ſit ſuppo<lb></lb>ſitum. </s> <s id="s.012689">Nam enim ſolùm tranare, ſed deam<lb></lb>bulare ſuper aquas, res propè oſtentum vi<lb></lb>deri poterit. </s> <s id="s.012690">Manifeſtum autem quod etiam <lb></lb>in his, quemadmodum & funambulis, <lb></lb>opus eſt audacia, exercitatione, roboréque <lb></lb>corporis eximio: quibus ſi leuitas accedat, <lb></lb>ſpecioſius erit ſpectaculum: quòd edidiſſe <lb></lb>quoſdam accepi. </s> <s id="s.012691">Multa ſuperius in gene<lb></lb>re magiæ retulimus, dum de ſpeculis lo<lb></lb>queremur, de carneóque magnete, tum in <lb></lb>his præcedentibus libris, tum etiam medi<lb></lb>cinæ, & non Arithmeticæ: ſed tamen nunc <lb></lb>per capita attingemus ſolùm quæ à no<lb></lb>bis intacta fuêre, vt pauciſſimis exemplis <lb></lb>quantum humani ingenij ſubtilitas poſſit, <lb></lb>oſtendamus. </s> <s id="s.012692">Igitur vt ad rem reuertar, <lb></lb>ſimile eſt exemplum funambulorum his, <lb></lb>qui virgam digito erectam, aut haſtam de<lb></lb>ferunt. </s> <s id="s.012693">Alij virgulam digiti ſuprema par<arrow.to.target n="marg1734"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te, inclinatam ob gladios ex aduerſo in <lb></lb>imo ipſius infixos. </s> <s id="s.012694">Quid quòd cuilibet li<lb></lb>cet experiri, lapidem frangimus palmi craſ<lb></lb>ſitudine, quem malleo fruſtra quandoque <lb></lb>tentare licet, ſolo pugno. </s> <s id="s.012695">Ea res ſic ſe <lb></lb>habet: lapis extenditur ſuper planum li<lb></lb>gneum, melius ſuper lapideum: eleuatur <lb></lb>ab altero capite ſic vt ſolum ſuſtineatur, <lb></lb>nulla vi adhibita, inde pugno eleuata pars <lb></lb>percutitur, quo ictu alliditur ſimul plano, <lb></lb>& in multa fruſta frangitur. </s> <s id="s.012696">Quòd ſi celerius <lb></lb>feriat pugnus, aut ſerius quàm extremam la<lb></lb>pidis tabulam tetigerit, irrita euadit percuſ<lb></lb>ſio, nec frangitur. </s> <s id="s.012697">Ita etiam leui ictu lateres <lb></lb>fregimus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012698"><margin.target id="marg1734"></margin.target>De virga <lb></lb>quæ inclina<lb></lb>ta defertur <lb></lb>ſumma digiti <lb></lb>parte. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012699">Lapis quo<lb></lb>modo pugno <lb></lb>frangatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012700">Dùm enim extremum ſimul cum vi ictus <lb></lb>tabulæ illiſum fuerit, pondus iungitur cum <lb></lb>impetu, & fit non ſecus ac ſi malleo ictu <lb></lb>vehementi percuteretur. </s> <s id="s.012701">Sed iam placet hoc <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.285.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/285/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>demonſtrare. </s> <s id="s.012702">Sit planum AB, lapis in eo ere<lb></lb>ctus CD, impellatúrque adeò violenter hic <lb></lb>ſupra AB, vt aër qui eſt in medio, è dire<lb></lb>ctóque ſub E, dilabi nequeat. </s> <s id="s.012703">Omnis enim <lb></lb>motus tempore indiget. </s> <s id="s.012704">Cùm igitur non di<lb></lb>labitur, neceſſariò lapidem franget: quia <lb></lb>duo corpora penetrare ſe non poſſunt, niſi <lb></lb>quòd ſolidum eſt ſcindatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012705">Manifeſtum igitur ex hoc, quòd quantò <lb></lb>lapis latior fuerit, & planum vtriuſque <lb></lb>æquale, & quantò magis lapidem eleuabi<lb></lb>mus, & celerior erit ictus, eò facilius fran<lb></lb>getur. </s> <s id="s.012706">Vidimus autem qui ſuper fune poſi<lb></lb>tum frangerent. </s> <s id="s.012707">Tantum poteſt exercitatio, <lb></lb>quæ ad amuſſim deducta ſit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1735"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012708"><margin.target id="marg1735"></margin.target>Funis quo<lb></lb>modo ſolis <lb></lb>manibus <lb></lb>frangatur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012709">Funis quoque nouus & craſſus arte rum<lb></lb>pitur: eius extremum clauo infixo, vel vn<lb></lb>cino nectitur, inde ter, quatérve aut etiam <lb></lb>ſæpius manui circumuoluitur, demum funis <lb></lb>reliquum extremum obequitat iuxta ſupre<lb></lb>mum palmæ, inter indicem, & pollicem <lb></lb>funis partem, quæ ad clauum tendit, & ca<lb></lb>put ad imum palmæ, vnde venerat rurſus <lb></lb>reflectitur, denuóque ſemel, aut bis cir<lb></lb>cumducitur: ita vibrato impetu ſcindatur, <lb></lb>ea in parte, qua à fune obequitatur: nam <lb></lb>funus ipſe qui ſubeſt, prohibet ne manus <lb></lb>patiatur, & vltima circumductione labatur: <lb></lb>funis verò funem diſſecare ob impetum, tum <lb></lb>maximè cùm mollis fuerit pars quæ manum, <lb></lb>& clauum interiacet, & manus robuſta, & <lb></lb>impetus rectus ac velox. </s> <s id="s.012710">Ita hæc ſæpe vidi<lb></lb>mus ab omni miraculo aliena, quæ tamen <lb></lb>mira videntur. </s> <s id="s.012711">Sunt qui vtriſque manibus <lb></lb>eandem vinculi ſeruant rationem, ſoliſque <lb></lb>manibus funes frangant, taléſque qui boues <lb></lb>facilè ſuſtineant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012712">Iam verò & illud ſum expertus homine <lb></lb>altero in humeros aſſumpto, duos alios ob<lb></lb>nitentes eiuſdem fermè roboris inuitos <lb></lb>trahi, cùm ſine pondere vix vnum ſufficiat. <arrow.to.target n="marg1736"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012713"><margin.target id="marg1736"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>homine in <lb></lb>humeros aſ<lb></lb>ſumpto faci<lb></lb>lius trahi<lb></lb>mus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012714">Sympathia <lb></lb>& antipathia <lb></lb>quid ſint.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012715">Sic quædam ex ſympathia contingunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012716">Sympathiam voco conſenſum rerum abſque <lb></lb>manifeſta ratione: velut antipathiam diſſi<lb></lb>dium. </s> <s id="s.012717">Vtranque eſſe in rebus, infinita do<lb></lb>cent exempla: vt quòd lacerta homine <lb></lb>gaudeat, quanquam non ſine periculo illius <lb></lb>præſentia ſit: & humanam ob id ſaliuam <lb></lb>auidè fugit. </s> <s id="s.012718">Exiſtimant equos gaudere ſo<lb></lb>cietate arietum, oculiſque & ſanitati illo<lb></lb>rum conferre, & ob id ſtabulis nutrire arie<lb></lb>tes ſolent: certè mirum in modum mutuò ſe <lb></lb>diligunt. </s> <s id="s.012719">Teſtudinem odit mirum in mo<lb></lb>dum ſimia, & horret. </s> <s id="s.012720">Vagantur hæ per <lb></lb>animalia, plantas, lapides: nec harum ex<lb></lb>pers homo eſt: obmuteſcit enim, vt creditur, <lb></lb>ſi eum prior lupus viderit: vnde Virgilianum <lb></lb>illud: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Lupi Mœrim vidêre priores.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><arrow.to.target n="marg1737"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012721"><margin.target id="marg1737"></margin.target>Homo lupo <lb></lb>viſo obmute<lb></lb>ſcit & cur?</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012722">Neque hoc ob terrorem, nam nec leone, <lb></lb>aut vrſo viſis hoc contingit: nec par erat vt <lb></lb>lupo hominem vidente prius, ſed homine <lb></lb>lupum, hoc contingere. </s> <s id="s.012723">Cæterùm hoc quan<lb></lb>doque verum fuiſſe experti ſumus: non om<lb></lb>ninò obmuteſcunt, ſed rauci euadunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012724">Cùm verò non ſemper contingeret, dixêre <lb></lb>hoc in cauſa eſſe cùm non contingit, quòd <lb></lb>homo lupum prius viderit. </s> <s id="s.012725">Cauſa igitur eſt <arrow.to.target n="marg1738"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in oculis lupi. </s> <s id="s.012726">Habet enim quid homini ad<lb></lb>uerſum, quo ſpiritus cohibetur: nec poteſt <lb></lb>fieri violenta illa ſpiritus exufflatio, quæ ad <lb></lb>vocem neceſſaria eſt. </s> <s id="s.012727">Simili ratione dicunt <lb></lb>equi pedes ſi diu veſtigia lupi ſequan<lb></lb>tur, obſtupeſcere: nam ſi recentia ſint ve<lb></lb>ſtigia, odore vexatur. </s> <s id="s.012728">Ob id quandoque nec <pb pagenum="639" xlink:href="016/01/286.jpg"></pb>homo obmuteſcit, nec equus obſtupeſcit, <lb></lb>quoniam impreſſio quælibet etiam cœle<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1739"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtis, & tempore, & paruitate, & ſubiecti ra<lb></lb>tione, & contrarietate eius quod affici de<lb></lb>bet, debilitatur & inanis redditur. </s> <s id="s.012729">Eadem ra<lb></lb>tione dicunt, caudam lupi in præſepio boum, <lb></lb>vel equorum ſuſpenſam, illos prohibere ne <lb></lb>comedant. </s> <s id="s.012730">Si verùm hoc non ſit, eſſe tamen <lb></lb>poteſt, quandoquidem metu ob odorem per<lb></lb>culſi eſurientes obliuiſcentur cibi, velut <lb></lb>etiam in magnis timoribus hominibus con<lb></lb>tingere ſolet. </s> <s id="s.012731">Verùm huiuſcemodi antipa<lb></lb>thiæ, atque ſympathiæ cauſa eſt conſenſus, <lb></lb>aut diſſenſio dum viuerent. </s> <s id="s.012732">Velut cùm agni <lb></lb>fides, lupi fidibus obſtrepunt, quanquam hoc <lb></lb>idem contingat neruis fermè omnibus di<lb></lb>uerſarum animalium, vt canis & agni. </s> <s id="s.012733">Mani<lb></lb>feſtius hoc contingit etiam in tympanis: <lb></lb>nam ouina coram lupinis penè obmuteſcunt, <lb></lb>ſtridéntque. </s> <s id="s.012734">Haud mirum videri debet, ouis <lb></lb>pellem à lupo dilaniatæ pruritum mouere: <lb></lb>nam ob vehementem metum, tum etiam ob <lb></lb>contrariam naturam, malè afficitur. </s> <s id="s.012735">Et ſi <lb></lb>mors enim vltimum ſit ſupplicium, magis <lb></lb>tamen afficitur corporis in vno quàm alio <lb></lb>genere. </s> <s id="s.012736">Metuit homo magis in mari flu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1740"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctuans, quàm coram hoſtibus. </s> <s id="s.012737">Lupi etiam <lb></lb>caput, ſeu odore, ſeu ſpecie creditur ſuſpen<lb></lb>ſum in columbario arcere viuarias, & mu<lb></lb>ſtelas. </s> <s id="s.012738">Quid mirum? </s> <s id="s.012739">nam & nos niſi ratione <lb></lb>præmiſſa ad leonis caput non accederemus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012740">Quis illa animalia tuta reddat, ne poſt promi<lb></lb>nens caput reliquum lateat corporis? </s> <s id="s.012741">Illud <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1741"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>penè mirum, ſi verum ſit, caudam lupi ſe<lb></lb>pultam arcere muſcas. </s> <s id="s.012742">Illud certum eſt, lupi <lb></lb>ſtercus, inteſtina, corium comeſta, vel etiam <lb></lb>ſolùm geſtata, colicam tollere: confirmant <lb></lb>enim hæc inteſtinum illud. </s> <s id="s.012743">At membra va<lb></lb>lida, ni vlcere langueant, morbum à ſe pro<lb></lb>pellunt: at confirmant inteſtina, lupi partes <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1742"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hæ, ſiccando, & propria etiam natura, & <lb></lb>quia validiſſima ſunt: nam lupus etiam ter<lb></lb>ram concoquit, nec vnquam ingluuie labo<lb></lb>rat, tametſi poſt longam famem impleatur, <lb></lb>& carnes ſemper fermè putridas voret: in<lb></lb>teſtinum vnicum habere dicitur, quòd vn<lb></lb>dequaque forma, & magnitudine omnes <lb></lb>partes illius inter ſe ſint ſimiles, non quod <lb></lb>quemadmodum & in cæteris animalibus <lb></lb>non ſit circumuolutum, cùm ſit pedum no<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1743"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uem. </s> <s id="s.012744">At verò lupi virga in furno ſiccata, ſi <lb></lb>maſticetur, venerem illicò appetere, & <lb></lb>coëundi vim excitare poſſit, mihi adhuc eſt <lb></lb>inexpertum. </s> <s id="s.012745">Ratione quidem hoc non caret, <lb></lb>ſemper tamen id facere poſſe perabſurdum <lb></lb>eſt: oſtenſum eſt enim, maximam ac prom<lb></lb>ptiſſimam Veneris cauſam eſſe <foreign lang="grc">φαντασίαν</foreign> rei <lb></lb>quam amamus, vt potiatur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012746"><margin.target id="marg1738"></margin.target>Equorum <lb></lb>pedes lupi <lb></lb>veſtigia in<lb></lb>ſectantium <lb></lb>obſtupeſcunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012747"><margin.target id="marg1739"></margin.target>Cauda lupi <lb></lb>in præſepiis <lb></lb>ſuſpenſa, pro<lb></lb>hibet iumen<lb></lb>ta, ne come<lb></lb>dant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012748">Nerui & <lb></lb>tympana <lb></lb>agni obſtre<lb></lb>punt, & pa<lb></lb>rum <expan abbr="reſonãt">reſonant</expan> <lb></lb>lupinis pul<lb></lb>ſatis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012749">Ouina pellis <lb></lb>à lupo lace<lb></lb>rata mouet <lb></lb>pruritum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012750"><margin.target id="marg1740"></margin.target>Lupi caput <lb></lb>in columba<lb></lb>rio ſuſpenſum <lb></lb>arcet nox a <lb></lb><expan abbr="colũbis">columbis</expan> ani<lb></lb>malia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012751"><margin.target id="marg1741"></margin.target>Lupi cauda <lb></lb>an arceat <lb></lb>muſcas ſe<lb></lb>pulta, <expan abbr="dubiũ">dubium</expan> <lb></lb>eſt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012752"><margin.target id="marg1742"></margin.target>Lupi inteſti<lb></lb>na, ſtercus, & <lb></lb>corium, cur <lb></lb>colli dolori<lb></lb>bus <expan abbr="vehemẽ-ter">vehemen<lb></lb>ter</expan> præſint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012753"><margin.target id="marg1743"></margin.target>Lupi virga <lb></lb>ſiccata, & <lb></lb>maſticata, <lb></lb>an illicò ve<lb></lb>nerem exci<lb></lb>tet, dubium <lb></lb>eſt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012754">Magis mirabile eſt, quod referunt, den<lb></lb>tem taxi, vel ſiniſtrum pedem brachio dex<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1744"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tro hominis alligatum memoriam roborare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012755">Veriſimilibus forſan quod tradit Symeon <lb></lb>Sethi, ſcilicet fel perdicis arteriis temporum <lb></lb>illitum, vt penetret ſemel in menſe: ad me<lb></lb>moriam confirmandam plurimùm prodeſſe. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1745"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Sed & meliſſa confirmat eam, & ingenium <lb></lb>acuit, ac hominum comeſta facit induſtrium: <lb></lb>quòd etiam naſturtium efficere poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012756">Et <lb></lb>gallinæ cerebrum ingenium & memoriam <lb></lb>iuuat, adeò vt aliquos qui delirare cœperant, <lb></lb>reſipiſcere fecerit. </s> <s id="s.012757">Sed meliſſa præter hæc <lb></lb>animi tranquillitatem præſtat, & hilarem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1746"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non parum curas pellendo reddit. </s> <s id="s.012758">Sic à cœ<lb></lb>na comeſta ſomnos iucundos facit, vt cau<lb></lb>les triſtes, & phaſeli turbulentos, & allia, ac <lb></lb>cepæ terribiles. </s> <s id="s.012759">Inde ab his natam opinio<lb></lb>nem lamiarum, quæ apio, caſtaneis, fabis, ce<lb></lb>pis, caulibus, phaſelíſque victitantes, viden<lb></lb>tur per ſomnum ferri in diuerſas regiones, <lb></lb>atque ibi diuerſis modis affici, provt vniuſ<lb></lb>cuiuſque fuerit temperies. </s> <s id="s.012760">Iuuantur ergo ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1747"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hæc vnguento, quo ſe totas perungunt. </s> <s id="s.012761">Con<lb></lb>ſtat vt creditur, puerorum pinguedine à ſe<lb></lb>pulchris eruta, ſuccíſque apij, aconitíque tum <lb></lb>pentaphylli, ſiliginéque. </s> <s id="s.012762">Incredibile dictu <lb></lb>quanta ſibi videre perſuadeant: modò læta, <lb></lb>theatra, viridaria, piſcationes, veſtes, orna<lb></lb>tus, ſaltationes, formoſos iuuenes, concubi<lb></lb>túſque eius generis quales maximè optant <lb></lb>reges quoque & magiſtratus cum ſatelliti<lb></lb>bus, gloriámque omnem ac pompam huma<lb></lb>ni generis, multáque alia præclara, velut & <lb></lb>in ſomniis, & picturis quæ maiora ſunt, <lb></lb>quàm quæ natura præſtare poſſit. </s> <s id="s.012763">Velut & <lb></lb>contraria ratione triſtitia, coruos, carceres, <lb></lb>ſolitudinem, tormenta. </s> <s id="s.012764">Neque id mirum, <lb></lb>quanquam veneficum, ad naturales enim <lb></lb>cauſas traduci debet. </s> <s id="s.012765">Quandoquidem exper<lb></lb>tus ſim ſæpe vulgatum vnguentum quod Po<lb></lb>puleon à frondibus populi dicitur, arteriis <lb></lb>pedum ac manuum, quidam etiam dicunt ie<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1748"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cori tum temporum, in pleriſque ſomnum <lb></lb>conciliare, atque in horum maxima parte <lb></lb>læta oſtendere in ſomnia, quod ſuccus fron<lb></lb>dium nouarum populi animam exhilaret, & <lb></lb>imagines claritate ſua, & colore infectas <lb></lb>oſtendat. </s> <s id="s.012766">Nullus enim color viridi lætior. </s> <s id="s.012767">Si<lb></lb>militer & in cibis: olera enim pleraque, aut <lb></lb>ob tenuitatem, velut meliſſa, aut quia acria, <lb></lb>vt allia, aut quia turbulenta, vt caules, mo<lb></lb>uent inſomnia. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012768"><margin.target id="marg1744"></margin.target>Ad <expan abbr="memoriã">memoriam</expan> <lb></lb><expan abbr="confirmandã">confirmandam</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012769"><margin.target id="marg1745"></margin.target>Ingenio <lb></lb>acuendo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012770"><margin.target id="marg1746"></margin.target>Ad hilarit<lb></lb>tem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012771">Somnia quæ <lb></lb>læta, triſtia, <lb></lb>ac turbulen<lb></lb>ta faciant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012772"><margin.target id="marg1747"></margin.target>Lamiarum <lb></lb>vnguentum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012773"><margin.target id="marg1748"></margin.target>Somnum pro<lb></lb>vocantia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012774">Quæcunque igitur non concoquuntur, vt <lb></lb>radices omnes, triſtia mouent ſomnia: iucun<lb></lb>da verò quæ ob tenuitatem concoquuntur, vt <lb></lb>meliſſa, bugloſſum. </s> <s id="s.012775">Sunt enim quædam ſom<lb></lb>ni, quædam inſomniorum, quædam qualita<lb></lb>tum inſomniorum, alia veritatis eorum <lb></lb>cauſæ, aut impedimenta. </s> <s id="s.012776">Cauſæ ſomni ſunt, <lb></lb>quæ grauant caput, & opplent: talia autem <lb></lb>frigida, & humida, aut immodice <expan abbr="vnã">vnam</expan> ex his <lb></lb>qualitatem ſortiuntur. </s> <s id="s.012777">Sed quæ profundos <lb></lb>excitare non poſſunt ſomnos, inſomnia mo<lb></lb>uent. </s> <s id="s.012778">Inſomnia enim in leuibus magis fiunt <lb></lb>ſomniis. </s> <s id="s.012779">Solanum & mâlum ſpinoſum, & <lb></lb>quæcunque multum virent, iucunda oſten<lb></lb>dunt, ſola braſſica excepta. </s> <s id="s.012780">At fabæ cùm ſic<lb></lb>cæ fuerint terribilia. </s> <s id="s.012781">Quæ autem illinuntur, <lb></lb>quoniam magis afficiunt ſpiritus, magis mo<lb></lb>uent imagines in ſomnis. </s> <s id="s.012782">Ignes facium vide<lb></lb>re quæ exuſtum aliquid ſecum habent, vt <lb></lb>fuligo. </s> <s id="s.012783">Theatra & viridaria apij ſuccus, & <lb></lb>mollium herbarum ac ſplendentium. </s> <s id="s.012784">Quæ<lb></lb>cunque verò immodicè ſunt ſicca, videre fa<lb></lb>ciunt multa inſomnia, ſed minimè conſtan<lb></lb>tia. </s> <s id="s.012785">Referunt tamen dentes equi maſculi, ſeu <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1749"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>collo appendantur, ſeu brachio ſiniſtro, eos <lb></lb>quia mala ſomnia videre ſunt ſoliti curare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012786">Et qui ob talia per ſomnum ſurgunt, ſublata <pb pagenum="640" xlink:href="016/01/287.jpg"></pb>cauſa liberati. </s> <s id="s.012787">Non paruam ſomni curam ha<lb></lb>bendam cenſeo, qui præterquam quòd ſaluti <lb></lb>hominis ſit neceſſarius, tertiam ipſius vitæ <lb></lb>partem occupat. </s> <s id="s.012788">Quæ igitur arteriis tempo<lb></lb>rum, & manum ac pedum illinuntur, tum <lb></lb>etiam magis colli, vbi ſunt quas ſoporarias <lb></lb>vocamus, in vaporem, & halitum conuerſa <lb></lb>ſtatim occupant ſpiritus ac mentem, adeò <lb></lb>vt etiam per vigilias multa videri facere poſ<lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="s.012789">Sicut & fumi quarundam rerum, quæ <lb></lb>propiores ſunt veneficio, quàm ſoporiferis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012790">Inſomnia verò terrifica plerunque, aut an<lb></lb>tecedunt, aut ſubſequuntur magnas calami<lb></lb>tates. </s> <s id="s.012791">Si enim ob memoriam ſubeunt præ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1750"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ceſſit infortunium. </s> <s id="s.012792">Sin autem ob humores <lb></lb>fiant, mortem, aut grauem morbum præſa<lb></lb>giunt: horum enim cauſa in corpore eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012793">Quòd ſi ab aſtris contingant, carceres, iniu<lb></lb>rias, exilia, iacturámque corporis ſignifica<lb></lb>bunt. </s> <s id="s.012794">Non enim impreſſionis ſignificatum <lb></lb>abſque imprimente cauſa. </s> <s id="s.012795">Significatum au<lb></lb>tem in homine eſt. </s> <s id="s.012796">Si verò ab anima id eue<lb></lb>niat, conſenſu mouetur, & ob id charæ per<lb></lb>ſonæ <expan abbr="amiſſionẽ">amiſſionem</expan> declarat. </s> <s id="s.012797">Hæc igitur talia eſſe <lb></lb>eſſe debent, vt ſomnus ob id ſoluatur: vin<lb></lb>citur enim quies tunc ab affectu. </s> <s id="s.012798">Aut ſi pau<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1751"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lò pòſt omninò ſoluatur ſomnus. </s> <s id="s.012799">Inſpicere <lb></lb>etiam oportet an violentum aliquid turba<lb></lb>rit antè animam: vt cibi, potuſve copia, aut <lb></lb>qualitas praua, aut intempeſtiua aſſumptio: <lb></lb>an agitatio corporis magna, aut animi, velut <lb></lb>metus, & maximè: hæc enim terrores inanes, <lb></lb>& vanas etiam ſpes excitare ſolent. </s> <s id="s.012800">At de <lb></lb>ſomniorum ſignificatis integrè à nobis tra<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1752"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctatum eſt. </s> <s id="s.012801">Vigilias autem non eſt cur do<lb></lb>ceam facere: nam camphora cum aceto ar<lb></lb>teriis illita, etſi minus prodeſt oculis, vigila<lb></lb>re facit, vt ruta, caſtoreúmque. </s> <s id="s.012802">Quòd facies <lb></lb>illita ſepo vrſi, debeat intellectum augere, <lb></lb>non videtur habere cauſam, ſi verum ſit. </s> <s id="s.012803">Sed <lb></lb>quòd mulæ medulla pota ſtupidum reddat, <lb></lb>etſi eſſe poſſit, non tamen apud me certum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1753"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.012804">Sed quòd ſudor mulæ vtero impoſitus, <lb></lb>prohibeat concipere mulierem hoc ſatis eſt <lb></lb>veriſimile. </s> <s id="s.012805">Sed & quòd oculus canis nigri in <lb></lb>manu detentus, prohibeat ne canes latrent, <lb></lb>faueátque non parum furibus & adulteris, <lb></lb>hoc eſſe poteſt propter odorem: nam canes <lb></lb>(vt notum eſt) mirum in modum percipiunt <lb></lb>odores, quamuis tenuiſſimos. </s> <s id="s.012806">In recenti igi<lb></lb>tur oculo, non olim eruto, ſi modò hoc ve<lb></lb>rum eſt, experiri licet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012807"><margin.target id="marg1749"></margin.target>Qui ſurgunt <lb></lb>in ſomno <lb></lb>quomodo co<lb></lb>hibeantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012808"><margin.target id="marg1750"></margin.target>Terror in <lb></lb>ſomno quid <lb></lb>ſignificet.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012809"><margin.target id="marg1751"></margin.target>Semniorum <lb></lb>verorum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012810">cauſæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012811"><margin.target id="marg1752"></margin.target>Vigilari quæ <lb></lb>faciant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012812"><margin.target id="marg1753"></margin.target>Ad <expan abbr="prohibẽ">prohiben-<lb></lb>dum</expan> ne mu<lb></lb>lier concipiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012813">Canes ne ad<lb></lb>latrent.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012814">Ergo omnia talia aliquando quidem ope<lb></lb>rantur, quandoque verò non: nec rhabar<lb></lb>barum omne, nec ſemper bilem purgat: vt <lb></lb>antiquum inane, leue, carioſum in pituitoſo, <lb></lb>hyeméque admodum frigida: vel in corpore <lb></lb>robuſtiore. </s> <s id="s.012815">Quare ergo vis, vt quæ hîc di<lb></lb>cuntur, nunquam fallant? </s> <s id="s.012816">cùm res omnes <lb></lb>mortales errori ſubiiciantur: & tamen hæc <lb></lb>quæ dixi, verſa ſunt vniuerſim, quæque ego <lb></lb>probaui. </s> <s id="s.012817">Dicunt quòd lapis à cane morſus in <lb></lb>potu ſumptus, facit hominem clamare. </s> <s id="s.012818">Igi<lb></lb>tur ſi clamat, vel cogitur, vel volens facit. </s> <s id="s.012819">Si <lb></lb>cogitur, noceat egregiè neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.012820">At non <lb></lb>dicunt nocere. </s> <s id="s.012821">Si ſpontè clamat, igitur vel <lb></lb>ludit, atque ſid experimentum irridetur, vel <lb></lb>ſenſu caret: igitur adiicere oportet, ebriis da<lb></lb>tus: nec ſcio an etiam ſic verum ſit: attamen <lb></lb>nocet, & ad iram prouocat lapis à cane mor<lb></lb>ſus, ſi in potu ſumatur. </s> <s id="s.012822">Sic rectè forſan di<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1754"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cunt, ſpumam cameli in potu datam ebrio, <lb></lb>illum reddere dæmoniacum: immodicè enim <lb></lb>ſicca cùm ſit, cerebrum iam imbecille acri<lb></lb>ter commouet. </s> <s id="s.012823">Ventriculum arietis in aqua <lb></lb>& vino coctum, pleroſque ouium morbos <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1755"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſanare in potu datum, haud immeritò pro<lb></lb>ditum eſt, nam ſympathia eſt. </s> <s id="s.012824">Sic & arietis <lb></lb>cornu, in ſparagos verti ſi ſepeliatur, ac pu<lb></lb>treſcat, tametſi non ſim expertus, multorum <lb></lb>tamen teſtimonio concredam. </s> <s id="s.012825">Non procul <lb></lb>eſt à Metamorphoſi hoc: ſed putredo, vt di<lb></lb>xi aliàs, mater eſt multarum rerum. </s> <s id="s.012826">Idem <lb></lb>cornu iuxta ficum ſepultum, eam adiuuat ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1756"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>celerem fructuum, vt dicunt, maturationem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012827">Teſtis dexter Pardi menſes cit, ſi quid aliud. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012828">Eiuſdem verò fel, venenum eſt præſenta<lb></lb>neum quod in vna die occîdit. </s> <s id="s.012829">Ita ad ſtran<lb></lb>guriam lingua anſeris ebibita mirabilis: & <lb></lb>illius teſtes, tum leporis vterus, ad genera<lb></lb>tionem mirum in modum valent: valet & <lb></lb>piſcis qui ſquilla vocatur: quod mihi quan<lb></lb>doque ſucceſſit: oportet autem remota eſſe <lb></lb>impedimenta, & purgatum etiam corpus & <lb></lb>vterum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012830"><margin.target id="marg1754"></margin.target>Vt ebrius <lb></lb>dæmoniacus <lb></lb>videatur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012831"><margin.target id="marg1755"></margin.target>Ouium mor<lb></lb>bis curandis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012832">Arietis cor<lb></lb>nu in ſpara<lb></lb>gum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012833"><margin.target id="marg1756"></margin.target>Pardi teſtis <lb></lb>dexter <expan abbr="ma-ximũ">ma<lb></lb>ximum</expan> in pro<lb></lb>uocando <expan abbr="mẽ-ſes">men<lb></lb>ſes</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012834">Eiuſdem fel <lb></lb>venenum <lb></lb><expan abbr="præſentaneũ">præſentaneum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012835">Ad ſtrangu<lb></lb>riam.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012836">Verùm ſi nati ſtatim moriantur nec edu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1757"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cari poſſunt, prægnans aſſiduè edat oua te<lb></lb>ſtudinum. </s> <s id="s.012837">Sed ſi cotoneo prægnans edat fre<lb></lb>quentius, naſcitur puer, aut puella ingenio<lb></lb>ſa, induſtriáque. </s> <s id="s.012838">Quid mirum, nam qui ab <lb></lb>ebriis generantur, aut qui capas edunt, aut <lb></lb>frequentius ieiunantibus, aut nimis ſtudio<lb></lb>ſis, plerunque redduntur inſani: nam nutri<lb></lb>mentum cerebri, & ſpiritus cum illo, ſi ma<lb></lb>lè afficiantur, tales procreant, quales fuerint <lb></lb>affectus: atque ita è triſtibus triſtes, aut ex <lb></lb>inuidentibus inuidi naſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.012839">Arcent igi<lb></lb>tur cotonea vapores à cerebro: quo fit vt <lb></lb>infantis ſubſtantia cerebri purior reddatur, <lb></lb>vnde ingenium clarius Galeno & medicis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1758"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omnibus teſtibus proficiſcitur. </s> <s id="s.012840">Vulgatum <lb></lb>eſt, quod cor ſimiæ prohibet pulſum cordis, <lb></lb>& curat comitiales, augétque audaciam & <lb></lb>intellectum. </s> <s id="s.012841">Quid mirum? </s> <s id="s.012842">quòd ſimilia à ſi<lb></lb>milibus egregiè iuuentur. </s> <s id="s.012843">Hoc enim vide<lb></lb>mus in ventriculis gallinarum, qui ante ci<lb></lb>bum aſſumpti, dummodo concoquantur, ſunt <lb></lb>enim difficiles, mirum in modum confirmant <lb></lb>ventriculum: tale enim conficitur, quod ali<lb></lb>tur <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dixi)quale id quod alit. </s> <s id="s.012844">Aliqua tamen <lb></lb>non ſunt ſimilia, vt piri ſemina, quæ ſunt <lb></lb>pulmoni commoda non parum, vt Simeon <lb></lb>refert. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012845"><margin.target id="marg1757"></margin.target>Ad genera<lb></lb>tionem filio<lb></lb>rum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012846">Vt nati edu<lb></lb>centur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012847">Vt filij inge<lb></lb>nioſi pro<lb></lb>creentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012848"><margin.target id="marg1758"></margin.target>Cor ſimiæ <lb></lb>multum con<lb></lb>ferre cordi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012849">Sed ad ſimiæ cor reuertor. </s> <s id="s.012850">Hoc (dicunt) <lb></lb>dormienti ſuppoſitum, feras per ſomnum <lb></lb>oſtendere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012851">Ericij terreſtris cinis fiſtulas, & omnia vl<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1759"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cera ſiccat: & ipſe eſus conſumit humidum <lb></lb>membrorum ſuperfluum: præcipuè valent il<lb></lb>lius iecur & renes, <expan abbr="hócq;">hócque</expan> receptum eſt à me<lb></lb>dicis. </s> <s id="s.012852">Ad illius pinguedinem pulices congre<lb></lb>gati aiunt. </s> <s id="s.012853">Inueni ad hirci <expan abbr="ſanguinẽ">ſanguinem</expan> in fouea <lb></lb>poſitum congregari polices, nec eſſet mirum: <lb></lb>nam ſi illis dulcior videatur, ad illum ve<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1760"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nient. </s> <s id="s.012854">Sciebam olim, ſed oblitus ſum, pin<lb></lb>guedinem, quæ illita ligneo orbi, cimi<lb></lb>ces omnes ad ſe trahebat. </s> <s id="s.012855">Vnde infixo gla<lb></lb>dio, præcantare eos ille fingebat, quum <pb pagenum="641" xlink:href="016/01/288.jpg"></pb>tamen ad alimentum, non ad verba, accur<lb></lb>rant. </s> <s id="s.012856">Mirum erat videre orbem illum cimi<lb></lb>cibus contectum, vt vix lignum videri poſ<lb></lb>ſet. </s> <s id="s.012857">Talia proculdubio & ſunt, & eſſe neceſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1761"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt, ſed vt ſciantur oportet. </s> <s id="s.012858">Cor veſpertilionis <lb></lb>prohibere exitum formicarum affirmant, <lb></lb>ſed ſulphur illas prohibet credo odoris ma<lb></lb>gnitudine & prauitate. </s> <s id="s.012859">Nihil, vt expertus <lb></lb>ſum, in arboribus aqua tutius: circundantur <lb></lb>cera, illa aqua impletur. </s> <s id="s.012860">Ariſtoteles tradit <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1762"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>illas arceri origano cum ſulphure miſto: <lb></lb>nam hoc rationi congruit, quoniam vtrun<lb></lb>que vehementer & grauiter olet, & ipſe te<lb></lb>ſtis dignus eſt cui fides habeatur. </s> <s id="s.012861">Neque <lb></lb>mirum videri debet, quòd corium calcanei <lb></lb>dextri vulturis ſuper pedem dextrum, & ſini<lb></lb>ſtri ſuper ſiniſtrum podagrici, leuare poſſit <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1763"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dolores. </s> <s id="s.012862">Sicut & vmbilicus infantis, qui præ<lb></lb>ciſus eſt dum naſcitur, in argenteo annulo <lb></lb>geſtatus, vt carnem tangeret, multis me vi<lb></lb>dente profuit coli doloribus paratis, vt hoc <lb></lb>præſidio integra valetudine per multos an<lb></lb>nos fruerentur: forſan illis profuit fides, <lb></lb>nam omnibus contingere hoc minimè cre<lb></lb>dendum eſt, vt ſuperius oſtendi. </s> <s id="s.012863">Dubia ſem<lb></lb>per fuit eorum quæ ſuſpenduntur, atque ſuſ<lb></lb>pecta vtilitas: iactura non adeò. </s> <s id="s.012864">Ad poda<lb></lb>gras, maſculæ pæoniæ radicem prægrandem <lb></lb>plenilunij die collectam, collóque ſuſpen<lb></lb>ſam, vtiliſſimam expertus eſt amicus no<lb></lb>ſter: non tamen auſim dicere omnibus pro<lb></lb>futuram. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012865"><margin.target id="marg1759"></margin.target>Ericij, ſen <lb></lb>Erinacei vi<lb></lb>res.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012866"><margin.target id="marg1760"></margin.target>Cimices ad <lb></lb>genus pin<lb></lb>guedinis ve<lb></lb>nientes con<lb></lb>gregantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012867"><margin.target id="marg1761"></margin.target>Formicis ar<lb></lb>cendis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012868"><margin.target id="marg1762"></margin.target>Lib. 4.de hi<lb></lb>ſtor, ani.c.8. <lb></lb>in fine.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012869"><margin.target id="marg1763"></margin.target>Podagra do<lb></lb>loribus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012870">Ad præſer<lb></lb>uandum à <lb></lb>cholica.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012871">At ex corporibus noſtris multa ſumi poſ<lb></lb>ſunt ob ſympathiam fida. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1764"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012872"><margin.target id="marg1764"></margin.target>Mumia quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012873">Mumia olim concretus erat ſanguis cor<lb></lb>porum Ægyptiorum, myrrha, aloe, atque <lb></lb>aliis odoribus conditorum, qualia ſunt caſ<lb></lb>ſia, amomum. </s> <s id="s.012874">Hoc medicamenti genus vn<lb></lb>decunque ſanguis flueret, & ad confracta, <lb></lb>colliſáque viſcera, vtiliſſimum erat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012875">Adeò reclamarunt, quibus mores cum li<lb></lb>teris Gręcorum placent, vt malint ægros pe<lb></lb>rire, quàm auxiliis, quæ illi non cognoue<lb></lb>rint vti, vt vſus eius exoleuerit. </s> <s id="s.012876">Auxítque <lb></lb>contemptum, quòd nunc fruſta deferantur <lb></lb>cadauerum, quæ in mari rubro, ob ventorum <lb></lb>calorem ac ſiccitatem, tum regionis æſtum <lb></lb>in nauibus mortuorum ac ſiccatorum, ad nos <lb></lb>tum eorum qui in arena ſuffocati ſunt, pro <lb></lb>mumia deteruntur. </s> <s id="s.012877">Quanquam nec hoc ge<lb></lb>nus mumiæ inutile ſit medicamentum ad <lb></lb>ſiſtendum ſanguinem, modò loco applice<lb></lb>tur, tametſi fœdum, & triſte. </s> <s id="s.012878">Horret enim <lb></lb>omne ſimile maximè ſimile cùm corruptum <lb></lb>eſt: vt canes canum corpora plus quam ho<lb></lb>minum, vel luporum, boum autem & ouium <lb></lb>edunt. </s> <s id="s.012879">Hinc natum conciliandi odium, aut <lb></lb>amoris veneficium. </s> <s id="s.012880">Verùm vt mirabilium <lb></lb>effectuum genera per capita diſtinguam, <lb></lb>ſeptem modis mirabilia contingunt: aut na<lb></lb>tura, aut coporis viribus, aut ingenij, aut <lb></lb>proprietate, aut viribus certis, ſed eximiis, <lb></lb>aut quia occulta ſit cauſa, induſtria, vel ſim<lb></lb>pliciter. </s> <s id="s.012881">Proprietatum quidem & corporis <lb></lb>virium, & occultatæ per induſtriam cauſæ, <lb></lb>exempla plurima poſui cùm de Damauto, <lb></lb>vel (vt aliis placet) Dalmago, & Turcis fu<lb></lb>nambulis, ac dum lupi hiſtoriam texerem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012882">Quæ verò manifeſtis viribus agunt, ſed egre<lb></lb>giis, exemplo radicis pæoniæ patefeci. </s> <s id="s.012883">Eo<lb></lb>rum quæ ſimpliciter cauſam ignotam ha<lb></lb>bent, multa poſt hæc exempla ſubiiciam: <lb></lb>nam ad præcantationes genus hoc pertinet: <lb></lb>velut veneficia, partim quidem ad quartum, <lb></lb>partim ad quintum, partim etiam ad ſepti<lb></lb>mum genus pertinent. </s> <s id="s.012884">Reliquum eſt vt mi<lb></lb>rabilium, quæ natura contingunt, quæque <lb></lb>ingenij viribus maximis fiunt, mentionem <lb></lb>ſubiiciam. </s> <s id="s.012885">Naturæ quidem multa hucuſque <lb></lb>narrauimus exempla, ſed quæ ad monſtra <lb></lb>pertinent, non iam defectu artificis, ſed ip<lb></lb>ſius induſtria, vnum fuit quòd Conrado Geſ<arrow.to.target n="marg1765"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nero autore inuentum eſt corpore toto hu<lb></lb>mano ac facie, niſi quòd pedibus eſſet & vn<lb></lb>guibus aquilinis, ac mutum, anno ſalutis <lb></lb>milleſimo, quingenteſimo, trigeſimoprimo <lb></lb>in ſaltu Hamesberbio Miſniæ ſubflauum, <lb></lb>barbatum, & quaſi pilis criſtam referebat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012886">Dorſi ſumma parte & ſylueſtri crurum, quæ <lb></lb>illi humana erant, & brachiorum ſolùm pi<lb></lb>loſum, pronum, & caudatum. </s> <s id="s.012887">Quid aliud di<lb></lb>cere poſſes, quàm expoſitum infantem, nullo <lb></lb>doctore factum quadrupedem? </s> <s id="s.012888">Inde nec lo<lb></lb>qui didiciſſe, creuiſſéque vngues, ferarum in <lb></lb>modum, cæteráque quæ locorum cogit aſpe<lb></lb>ritas. </s> <s id="s.012889">Nutritum feræ indulgentia, qualiſcun<lb></lb>que fuerit, inde agreſtibus fructibus, abdi<lb></lb>tum ſpeluncis, fati vi ac robore natiuo po<lb></lb>tius vixiſſe, quàm ratione vlla. </s> <s id="s.012890">Sic etiam Al<lb></lb>berti Magni tempore captos duos, maſcu<lb></lb>lum fœminámque in Germaniæ lucis homi<lb></lb>nes, vt ita dicam, quadrupedes. </s> <s id="s.012891">Rara ſunt <lb></lb>hæc, raras ob cauſas. </s> <s id="s.012892">Et quæ his miranda vi<lb></lb>dentur hac ratione aliis non ſunt. </s> <s id="s.012893">Ne quis <lb></lb>culpæ tribuat, quod nos non ignoramus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012894">Ingenij verò mirabilis tria exempla ſubii<lb></lb>cere ſufficiet. </s> <s id="s.012895">Vnum, in quo quod quæſitum <lb></lb>eſt aſſequimur. </s> <s id="s.012896">Secundum, in quo licet ſem<lb></lb>per proficere, non tamen vnquam ad exa<lb></lb>ctam notitiam peruenire. </s> <s id="s.012897">Tertium, quòd ſu<lb></lb>pra humanas vires eſt, neceſſéque fuit non <lb></lb>obſcurè labi. </s> <s id="s.012898">Primùm igitur eſt cùm velut in <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1766"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>artificioſis currum, aut nauim facere volu<lb></lb>mus, quæ quot millia paſſuum exegerit non <lb></lb>doceat. </s> <s id="s.012899">Rota cuius ambitus ſit pedum duo<lb></lb>decim cum dimidio: atque tympanum circa <lb></lb>axem cum denticulo, qui vbi tota verſa fue<lb></lb>rit rotæ occurrens, quatuor centum dentium <lb></lb>vnum ex illis transferat. </s> <s id="s.012900">Ita perfectis qua<lb></lb>tuor centum reuolutionibus rotæ primæ, <lb></lb>quinque millia pedum exacti eruut paſſus <lb></lb>mille. </s> <s id="s.012901">Vbi verò rota hæc conuerſa fuerit al<lb></lb>tero denticulo detegat modiolum, ex quo la<lb></lb>pis in ſubiectum vas æneum excidat, vt ſo<lb></lb>no & numero lapillorum millia, paſſuum <lb></lb>multitudinem oſtendat. </s> <s id="s.012902">Aut verſo indice <lb></lb>indicabit in alia rota paſſuum millia. </s> <s id="s.012903">Ita in <lb></lb>artificioſis (vt Vitruuius docet) facilè eſt ad <lb></lb>exactam rerum cognitionem peruenire. </s> <s id="s.012904">Sed <lb></lb>in contemplationibus exemplum erit. </s> <s id="s.012905">Vt in <lb></lb>cœleſtibus, quæ circulis hîc demonſtrantur, <lb></lb>& in proportionibus ſphæralium circulo<lb></lb>rum per ſinus exactiſſimè demonſtratis. </s> <s id="s.012906">Pro<lb></lb>priè autem, vt cùm per meteoroſcopium co<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1767"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>gnita loci diſtantia, ſcimus illius longitudi<lb></lb>nem ac latitudinem: vel cognita diſtan<lb></lb>tia, & latitudine, longitudinem cognoſ<lb></lb>cimus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="642" xlink:href="016/01/289.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012907"><margin.target id="marg1765"></margin.target>Monſtrum <lb></lb>mirabile.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012908"><margin.target id="marg1766"></margin.target>Nauim quo<lb></lb>modo quot <lb></lb>paſſuum M. <lb></lb>exegerit, vel <lb></lb>ploſtrum de<lb></lb>prehenda<lb></lb>mus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012909"><margin.target id="marg1767"></margin.target>Meteoroſco<lb></lb>pium.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012910">Sit igitur meridiei circulus AEBF, fixus <lb></lb>ſuper pede AM. </s> <s id="s.012911">In eo poli fingantur KF, & <lb></lb>vertex tuus E. </s> <s id="s.012912">Alius circulus immobilis <lb></lb>æquinoctij ACBD, fixus ſuper pedem AM, <lb></lb>& ad rectos angulos ſecans priorem circu<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.289.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/289/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>lum AKBF. </s> <s id="s.012913">Sit alius circulus FGHK per <lb></lb>polos, & in ipſis polis F & K, per paxillos <lb></lb>verſatilis C E D L. </s> <s id="s.012914">Sit igitur diſtantia EN, <lb></lb>nota rectáque, numerentur autem diuiſis <lb></lb>ſingulis circulis ex his in partes ter mille <lb></lb>ſexcentas, partes illæ in C E D per EN, & <lb></lb>conſtituatur C N D, ſuper viam rectam ex <lb></lb>ciuitate tua in N locum, & vbi punctus N, <lb></lb>cadit, ducatur CKHF, circulus mobilis me<lb></lb>ridiei. </s> <s id="s.012915">Habebis igitur per arcum KN latitu<lb></lb>dinem loci, ſeu poli eleuationem, & per GC <lb></lb>differentiam longitudinis loci N à tua vr<lb></lb>be: cúmque longitudo vrbis tuæ iam nota <lb></lb>ſit, erit & longitudo N. </s> <s id="s.012916">Quòd ſi altitudo N <lb></lb>nota fuerit, & iter rectum EN, circumdu<lb></lb>ctis circulis CED & GNH, donec occurrant <lb></lb>extrema arcuum EN diſtantiæ rectæ, & KN <lb></lb>notæ altitudinis loci N in vnum, fiet arcus <lb></lb>tunc GC notus, differentia ſcilicet longitu<lb></lb>dinis loci N, à patria tua. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012917">Manifeſtum eſt autem, quòd contraria <lb></lb>ratione habitis longitudinibus, & latitudi<lb></lb>nibus locorum, diſtantia quoque cognita <lb></lb>erit. </s> <s id="s.012918">Quòd ſi velis, vt inſtrumentum vnicui<lb></lb>que ſeruiat regioni, facies paxillos EL, mo<lb></lb>biles in circulo meridiei, AKBF, vt ſub qua<lb></lb>cunque altitudine collocari vertex tuus poſ<lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.012919">Porrò diuiſiones in ſingulas denas con<lb></lb>ſpicuè, & in quinas minus, inde in quinqua<lb></lb>genas aureo colore, vt diſtinguantur dili<lb></lb>genter, velut in ſtateris. </s> <s id="s.012920">Numerus autem ne<lb></lb>ceſſarius non eſt, quia vbique principium <lb></lb>ſtatuere oportet. </s> <s id="s.012921">Aſſequimur etiam & iſta <lb></lb>demonſtratione, ſed difficiliori modo: atque <lb></lb>hæc ad amuſſim omnia. </s> <s id="s.012922">Quòd verò ſemper <lb></lb>licet melius aſſequi, eſt proportio periferiæ <lb></lb>circuli ad diametrum, ab Archimede mira<lb></lb>bili ingenio inuenta: quæ cùm facillima ſit, <lb></lb>eam quatuor verbis ſubſcribere placuit. </s> <s id="s.012923">Tri<lb></lb>bus indiget illa ſuppoſitis: primùm, quòd <lb></lb>circuli periferia maior eſt aggregato late<lb></lb>rum inſcriptæ figuræ, & minor circumſcri<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1768"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ptæ. </s> <s id="s.012924">De inſcripta patet ex rectæ lineæ diffi<lb></lb>nitione: de circumſcripta, licet apud aliquos <lb></lb>videatur per ſe manifeſtum, à nobis tamen <lb></lb>in libris Elementorum per antiparalogiſ<lb></lb>mum demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.012925">Secundum eſt, quòd no<lb></lb>ta quacunque linea in circulo collocata, il<lb></lb>lius arcus per medium diuiſi, linea recta ſub<lb></lb>tenſa cognita erit. </s> <s id="s.012926">Hæc licet à Ptolemæo de<lb></lb>monſtretur, vt tamen quiſque rationem <lb></lb>habeat inueniendæ propoſitæ proportio<lb></lb>nis, duobus verbis rem cum operatione de<lb></lb>clarabo. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012927"><margin.target id="marg1768"></margin.target>Quomodo <lb></lb>ſciamus pro<lb></lb>portionem <lb></lb>periferiæ cir<lb></lb>culi ad dia<lb></lb>metrum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012928">Sit A B nota in proportione ad BC, & <lb></lb>diuidatur arcus AB, per æqualia in D, & du<lb></lb>catur AD, dico eam eſſe notam. </s> <s id="s.012929">Nam ducta <lb></lb>DCK, erit ex demonſtratis ab Euclide EA, <lb></lb>media proportione inter KE & ED, & qua<lb></lb>dratum DA, æquale quadratis A E & E D. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012930">Per quintam igitur ſecundi Elementorum <lb></lb>Euclidis detraham quadratum A E notum, <lb></lb>quia AE eſt dimidium AB, ex quadrato CD <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.289.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/289/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cognito, & relinquatur quadratum CE co<lb></lb>gnitum: igitur CE. </s> <s id="s.012931">Quare detracta CE ex <lb></lb>CD, relinquetur E D cognita. </s> <s id="s.012932">Iungam igi<lb></lb>tur quadrata AE & E D, & per penultimam <lb></lb>primi Elementorum habebo quadratum AD <lb></lb>cognitum. </s> <s id="s.012933">Tertium ſuppoſitum eſt, quòd co<lb></lb>gnito latere figuræ inſcriptæ circulo, co<lb></lb>gnoſcam & latus circumſcribentis. </s> <s id="s.012934">Hoc li<lb></lb>cet colligatur ab Euclide in quarto Ele<lb></lb>mentorum, vt tamen habeamus demonſtra<lb></lb>tionem cum operatione, vno eam verbo hîc <lb></lb>ſubiungam. </s> <s id="s.012935">Sit latus AB inſcriptæ figuræ, & <lb></lb>FG circumſcriptæ, ſub eodem enim angulo <lb></lb>continentur centri, ducantúrque A F & <lb></lb>CBG. </s> <s id="s.012936">Quia igitur nota eſt AB, nota eſt AE, <lb></lb>ideóque K E & E D, vt demonſtratum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012937">Sed vt CE ad CD, ita AB ad FG. </s> <s id="s.012938">Ducta igi<lb></lb>tur AB in CD, & quod producitur diuiſo <lb></lb>per CE, exit FG cognita. </s> <s id="s.012939">Suppoſito igitur <lb></lb>AB latere hexagoni, quod per demonſtrata <lb></lb>ab Euclide eſt æquale dimidio diametri, per <lb></lb>ſecundum ſuppoſitum habebo latus figuræ <lb></lb>duodecim baſium, & per eandem figuræ 24. <lb></lb>baſium, inde 48. inde 96. inde 192. & 384. & <lb></lb>768. & poſſum procedere abſque errore, imò <lb></lb>abſque extractione radicum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012940">Sit igitur gratia exempli ſtatus in latere <lb></lb>figuræ 768. laterum, habebo igitur per ter<lb></lb>tium ſuppoſitum latus figuræ 768. circum<lb></lb>ſcriptæ: duces vtrunque per numerum late<lb></lb>rum, id eſt, per 768. & habebis ambitum in<lb></lb>terioris, & exterioris figuræ, & proportio<lb></lb>nem illorum ad diametrum circuli. </s> <s id="s.012941">Sed peri<lb></lb>feria circuli maior eſt ambitu inſcriptæ figu<lb></lb>ræ, & minor circumſcriptæ, ex primo ſup<lb></lb>poſito igitur habebo proportionem perife<lb></lb>riæ circuli ad diametrum, inter quas pro<lb></lb>portiones debent collocari, & tamen nun<lb></lb>quam ad perfectam cognitionem, & metam <lb></lb>peruenire poteſt. </s> <s id="s.012942">Ex quo patet, Archimedem <lb></lb>non indiguiſſe inuentis à Ptolemæo, nec <lb></lb>tabulis ſinuum, exquiſitiúſque ac purius ſine <lb></lb>illis, quàm cum illis geometram ad hanc <pb pagenum="643" xlink:href="016/01/290.jpg"></pb>cognitionem poſſe peruenire. </s> <s id="s.012943">Verùm quòd <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1769"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non licet aſſequi eſt deſcriptio ſphæræ in <lb></lb>plano, abſque maximo errore. </s> <s id="s.012944">Partem, in<lb></lb>quam, docet Ptolemæus deſcribere quartæ <lb></lb>parti ſatis proximam: at de tota oportet <lb></lb>primum ſupponere, neceſſarium fore vt quæ <lb></lb>iuncta ſunt, maximè diſtent. </s> <s id="s.012945">Sic cum in hoc <lb></lb>partes diuiſas deſcribere volueris, iam hoc <lb></lb>te ſuperius docui fermè abſque errore vllo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012946">Sed ſi iunctam totam atque continuam, ſup<lb></lb>ponemus AB à polo ad polum rectam, & ei <lb></lb>æqualem CD, & aliam quoque ei æqualem <lb></lb>CE, in directum iunctam, & erit ED du<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.290.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/290/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>pla AB. </s> <s id="s.012947">Diuidemus CD & CE, per æqualia <lb></lb>in partes 4. vt ſit E F vna quarta pars E C, <lb></lb>& CD, & ducemus arcum F H G æqualem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1770"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>E D. </s> <s id="s.012948">Quòd ſic faciemus: conſtat enim ex <lb></lb>demonſtratis hîc, quòd proportio periferiæ <lb></lb>circuli ad ſuam diametrum, eſt propinquiſſi<lb></lb>ma ei quæ eſt 47. ad 15. ſaltem in facilibus <lb></lb>numeris: igitur poſita periferia circuli 360. <lb></lb>vt à Ptolemæo ſupponitur, eſt diameter ea<lb></lb>rundem partium 115. nam diſcrimen eſt exi<lb></lb>guum. </s> <s id="s.012949">Ptolemæus autem ponit centum vi<lb></lb>ginti. </s> <s id="s.012950">Quæres igitur in tabula de arcu & <lb></lb>chorda, arcum qui ſit ſeſquitertius ſuæ rectæ <lb></lb>detracta parte vigeſimaquarta, & illius re<lb></lb>ctam, abſque diminutione illa accipies. </s> <s id="s.012951">Erit <lb></lb>autem partium fermè centum quadraginta <lb></lb>ſeptem. </s> <s id="s.012952">Diuide igitur F G in totidem par<lb></lb>tes, & iuxta has aſſume duas lineas quæ ſint <lb></lb>ſexaginta, ex quibus & FG triangulo facto <lb></lb>conum habebis pro centro. </s> <s id="s.012953">Ducta igitur <lb></lb>FHG, æqualem, & ſuper eadem ſemidiame<lb></lb>tro deſcribes ſuper K, punctum medium AB, <lb></lb>quæ fit LKM, ita vt dimidium eius vtrinque <lb></lb>promineat: inde accepta parallelorum cir<lb></lb>culorum tabula, deſcribes vnumquenque <lb></lb>circulorum ſuper eodem centro in debita <lb></lb>diſtantia citra, & vltra LKM, & cum debita <lb></lb>magnitudine, extendendo eos qui proximio<lb></lb>res ſunt L K M vltra lineas, quæ à centro <lb></lb>communi prouenirent ad L & M. </s> <s id="s.012954">Et quan<lb></lb>tò paralleli erunt frequentiores, eò exactior <lb></lb>erit complanatio. </s> <s id="s.012955">Inde diuides vnumquen<lb></lb>que circulorum in partes trecentas ſexagin<lb></lb>ta, & per illas duces lineas meridianorum <lb></lb>loco à polo ad polum, quæ neque rectæ <lb></lb>erunt, nec circulorum portiones, ſed iuxta <lb></lb>ſymmetriam oculi, & inclinationum ducen<lb></lb>dæ erunt. </s> <s id="s.012956">Hîc igitur habebis longitudinem <lb></lb>latitudini duplam, vt in globi ſuperficie, & <lb></lb>diſtantiam circulorum ſeruatam. </s> <s id="s.012957">Meridiani <lb></lb>etiam non niſi ob obliquitatem maiores vi<lb></lb>debuntur, quàm eſſe debeant. </s> <s id="s.012958">Quamobrem id <lb></lb>genus tranſlationis è figura rotunda in pla<lb></lb>nam, videtur omnium eſſe præſtantiſſimum: <lb></lb>quod & cœlo, & terræ deſcribendæ commu<lb></lb>ne noſtrum inuentum eſt. </s> <s id="s.012959">Verùm (vt dixi<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>quiſpiam forſan hæc, taliáque in numero <lb></lb>mirabilium habenda non cenſebit, ſed vene<lb></lb>ficia tantùm, aliáque his ſimilia. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012960"><margin.target id="marg1769"></margin.target>Sphæræ quo<lb></lb>modo in pla<lb></lb>no deſcribi <lb></lb>poſſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.012961"><margin.target id="marg1770"></margin.target>Periferiæ <lb></lb>circuli ad <lb></lb>diæmetrum <lb></lb>proportio <lb></lb>propinquiſſi<lb></lb>ma.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.012962">Porrò veneficiorum genera quatuor ſunt: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1771"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in inanimatis, in plantis, in animalibus, & <lb></lb>hominibus. </s> <s id="s.012963">In hominibus autem ſpecies ſunt <lb></lb>vndecim: alia enim amorem conciliant, alia <lb></lb>odium ſerunt, quędam tabefaciunt, alia pror<lb></lb>ſus occidunt, alia rurſus veternum prouo<lb></lb>cant, alia faciunt diuinare, quædam morbos <lb></lb>curant, quædam impotentes ad Venerem fa<lb></lb>ciunt, quædam augent fœlicitatem, quædam <lb></lb>omninò infœlicia, alia mentem mouent <lb></lb>Quæ mentem mouent, rurſus ſeptem ſunt <lb></lb>ſpecierum: alia enim terrorem, alia auda<lb></lb>ciam, quædam mœrorem, quædam inſaniam <lb></lb>excitant: alia ſpectra videri per ſomnum <lb></lb>faciunt, aut etiam verè, & dum vigilant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012964">Sed quæcunque dum vigilant, ſpectra vide<lb></lb>ri faciunt ad ludicram artem, aut dæmonas <lb></lb>pertinere ſæpius videntur: nonnunquam ta<lb></lb>men ad veneficia. </s> <s id="s.012965">Sunt & quæ ſtuporem in<lb></lb>ducant non ſolùm in animis hominum, ſed <lb></lb>& in corporibus, vt alij mentem immotam <lb></lb>habeant, alij cruciatus non ſentiant. </s> <s id="s.012966">Cauſæ <lb></lb>horum ſunt quatuor: vires manifeſtæ re<lb></lb>rum, & occultæ, & fides, atque id quod no<lb></lb>bis ignotum eſt, ſeu dæmones, ſeu inferi, ſeu <lb></lb>aliquid melius atque præſtantius. </s> <s id="s.012967">Materia <lb></lb>autem in cibis, potibus, ſuſpenſione, lumini<lb></lb>bus, ſuffitis, lectulis, tactu, verbis, prælimi<lb></lb>naribus figuris, & notis quas characteres <lb></lb>vocant: immolationibus, mentis concuſſio<lb></lb>nibus, ſponſionibus, homicidiis, pompis ſa<lb></lb>cris, atque prophanis, aliíſque innumeris, <lb></lb>quæ recitare longum eſſet. </s> <s id="s.012968">Horum minima <lb></lb>pars licita eſt, ſcilicet quæ bonum habent <lb></lb>finem, & vel naturæ viribus innititur, aut <lb></lb>ſimplici ſupplicationi. </s> <s id="s.012969">Aliorum exempla <lb></lb>ſubiiciam, vt intelligant homines quàm pa<lb></lb>rum fidei his, talibúſque ſit habendum: nam <lb></lb>nullum horum quæ naturali ſubiecto ca<lb></lb>rent, perpetuum eſt, frequentiúſque fallit, <lb></lb>quàm efficiat. </s> <s id="s.012970">Quòd ſi beneficio fidei effi<lb></lb>ciat, nonne impuriſſimi eſt hominis, atque <lb></lb>ingratiſſimi, vti munere eius qui dedit, ad<lb></lb>uerſus eum qui dedit? </s> <s id="s.012971">Vtque ſciant homi<lb></lb>nes, etiam ſi ſuccedant pro votis malè quæ<lb></lb>ſita, quàm parum vtilitatis ſint allatura. </s> <s id="s.012972">Ne<lb></lb>que enim talibus ditari magis contingit, <lb></lb>quàm mercaturam exercendo, aut ſapere, <lb></lb>quàm ſtudendo, vel in arte militari facilius <lb></lb>euadere glorioſum, quàm ſtrenuis factis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.012973">Quinimò horum omnium vita plerunque <lb></lb>flagitioſa, & calamitoſa, fama contaminata, <lb></lb>exiſtimatio contempta, finíſque miſerri<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.012974">Quis magis talia profeſſus noſtris tem<lb></lb>poribus vno Cornelio Agrippa, cuius om<lb></lb>nes nouerunt caſus, vitam, paupertatem, in<lb></lb>teritum. </s> <s id="s.012975">Et inter principes Ludouicus Sfor<lb></lb>tia ſolus inter ſuæ familiæ, mortuus mi<lb></lb>ſerrimè in carceribus. </s> <s id="s.012976">Et Patruelis eius <lb></lb>Laudenſis Epiſcopus, dum talibus operam <lb></lb>dat, vix credi poteſt, & ipſe inopia mor<lb></lb>tuuus eſt, quum tamen eſſet illuſtri ſan<lb></lb>guine, & (vt dixi) Epiſcopus. </s> <s id="s.012977">Nam ho<lb></lb>rum tutiſſimæ ſunt opes, ac reditus ſecu<lb></lb>riſſimi. </s> <s id="s.012978">Quis Martino ſeptimo Pontiſice ma<lb></lb>gis his delectabatur, quum librum etiam <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt fertur) harum ſuperſtitionum in ſinu <pb pagenum="644" xlink:href="016/01/291.jpg"></pb>ferret? </s> <s id="s.012979">cui inter pauciſſimos, rariſſimo exem<lb></lb>plo, contigit à Concilio Pontificia dignita<lb></lb>te exui. </s> <s id="s.012980">Demum illud erit commodi mor<lb></lb>talibus talia recitanti, vt qui non probant, <lb></lb>tuti ſint ab horum ſcelere: ſciantque quæ <lb></lb>admitti oporteat, quæque vitari. </s> <s id="s.012981">Multi enim <lb></lb>adeò timidi & ſuperſtitioſi euadunt, vt dum <lb></lb>vitare ſtudent, quæ vitanda non ſunt, fuga <lb></lb>vana ſuperſtitionis ſuperſtitioſi fiunt. </s> <s id="s.012982">Super<lb></lb>ſtitio enim fit non ſolùm quum facimus quæ <lb></lb>non ſunt facienda, ſed etiam quum quæ vi<lb></lb>tanda non ſunt vitamus. </s> <s id="s.012983">Olim magis vi<lb></lb>guerunt hæ artes nondum nobis orto vero <lb></lb>Chriſti lumine: ſed quàm parum valerent, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1772"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>oſtendit inuentor ipſe Zoroaſtes, regno ſi<lb></lb>mul à Cyro Cambyſis, & vita ſpoliatus. </s> <s id="s.012984">Re<lb></lb>citat enim Pauſanias, vidiſſe ſe in oppidulo <lb></lb>Pioniæ Myſiæ iuxta Caycum, dum Pioni <lb></lb>(ex Herculis hic fuit deſcendentibus) oppi<lb></lb>di conditori ſacrificarent, è ſedulchro Pionis <lb></lb>fumum exhalaſſe. </s> <s id="s.012985">Quòd dolo factum fuit, <lb></lb>quid enim prohibet, ſub ara ſuppoſito cana<lb></lb>li ad ſepulchrum tendente, atque in canalis <lb></lb>origine, bitumine ac ſtyrace, aut thure, reve <lb></lb>alia quàm quæ in altari adoletur, vel aqua<lb></lb>rum exemplo, vel Heronis dum ſacrificio <lb></lb>ſpontè portas templi aperiri docet, fumum <lb></lb>erumpere è tumulo? </s> <s id="s.012986">ſed & alia naturali ra<lb></lb>tione abſque dolo conſtare potuit. </s> <s id="s.012987">Vidit & <lb></lb>in Hypoëpis, Hierocæſareæque Lydiæ vr<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1773"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>bibus, cinerem in ara non alij colori ſimi<lb></lb>lem, qui quum barbaricis precibus effuſis <lb></lb>aridorum lignorum ſtrue ſuper condita, <lb></lb>flammam ſemper emitteret, lignáque ſu<lb></lb>perimpoſita abſumeret. </s> <s id="s.012988">Potuit & id multis <lb></lb>modis fieri: vel ſi ara caluerit, aut ſi inſ<lb></lb>puerit, nonne calx aqua accenditur? </s> <s id="s.012989">Et nos <lb></lb>lapidem infrà fabricare docebimus, qui hu<lb></lb>mido quocunque accenditur. </s> <s id="s.012990">Quid aliud ma<lb></lb>ius argumentum quòd vis in cinere eſſet <lb></lb>potiùs quàm verbis, quàm color cineris à <lb></lb>cinere alienus? </s> <s id="s.012991">cùm tot modis præſtigias has <lb></lb>facere liceat, non eſt quòd laborem. </s> <s id="s.012992">Nam & <lb></lb>in cinere latêre potuit ignis, velut in fuligi<lb></lb>ne ſolet, cùm exiguus eſt. </s> <s id="s.012993">Non eiuſmodi eſt <lb></lb>quod recitat ille idem dicens: In Methonis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1774"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>agro cùm Africus ventus vitium germina <lb></lb>excutere ſoleret, gallum alis albis duo al<lb></lb>trinſecus tenentes diſcerpebant, cùm fru<lb></lb>ſtóque circumcurrentes vites ex aduerſo <lb></lb>donec denuò coirent vnà-, ſepeliebant gal<lb></lb>lum ventúſque ceſſabat. </s> <s id="s.012994">Hic perſuaſio, pri<lb></lb>mùm ad decipiendum multum poteſt, tum <lb></lb>magis ſi à religione foueatur. </s> <s id="s.012995">Deinde vento<lb></lb>rum in quibuſdam locis breues ſunt admo<lb></lb>dum flatus, rariſſimè longi. </s> <s id="s.012996">Potuit aliquid <lb></lb>forſan fides, quæ cum geniis ipſis coniuncta <lb></lb>eſt: aut res ipſa naturali aliqua abdita cau<lb></lb>ſa, aut dæmon, qui cum aëreus ſit, nulli ma<lb></lb>gis quàm aëri imperat. </s> <s id="s.012997">Vnde tempeſtates, <lb></lb>dum adiurantur, exoriri ſolent. </s> <s id="s.012998">Multa etiam <lb></lb>in his contingunt quaſi ſint, quæ non ſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1775"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Illud admirabilius quod in Heraclea Elidis <lb></lb>Peloponeſi Prouincia equum æneum fuiſſe <lb></lb>narrat in loco cui nomen erat Quialten, <lb></lb>cauda præciſa, & alioquin haud formoſum, <lb></lb>quem alij equi inire conarentur, adeóque <lb></lb>peruicaci ſtudio, vt ob æris leuitatem dila<lb></lb>bentibus repetito aſcenſu vngulæ frange<lb></lb>rentur, donec fuſtibus abigerentur. </s> <s id="s.012999">Hinnie<lb></lb>bant velut reperta equa, & è multis ſtatuis <lb></lb>hanc vexabant, aliis intactis. </s> <s id="s.013000">Obiiciat hic <lb></lb>nobis forſan illud poëticum. </s> <s id="s.013001">Quicquid Græ<lb></lb>cialmendax Mandat in hiſtoriis, me addu<lb></lb>cere: vt (quorundam more) impleatur liber, <lb></lb>ſi non poteſt abſolui. </s> <s id="s.013002">Sed ab hac labe Pau<lb></lb>ſaniam immunem inuenio, non minus quàm <lb></lb>Italarum quenquem. </s> <s id="s.013003">In his enim quæ vidit, <lb></lb>temporum noſtrorum obſeruatio hiſtoriam <lb></lb>comprobat. </s> <s id="s.013004">Quid in Xenophonte, quid in <lb></lb>Thucy dide abſurdum? </s> <s id="s.013005">Vitiauit Herodotus, <lb></lb>aliíque complures Græcam hiſtoriæ fidem: <lb></lb>ſed adulterina à legitimis nemo eſt, qui di<lb></lb>gnoſcere non queat. </s> <s id="s.013006">Arte igitur equum fa<lb></lb>brefactum conſtat, eáque naturali, non dæ<lb></lb>monum auxilio, quiſquis fuit opifex: ſeu im<lb></lb>miſto, quod quidam volunt hippomane, ſeu <lb></lb>ſanguine menſtruo equæ, aut illius potius <lb></lb>ſemine, aliove philtro, quòd in furorem Ve<lb></lb>neris equos agat, non admiror multum. </s> <s id="s.013007">Il<lb></lb>lud magis me detinet, quòd cùm æri fuſo hæc <lb></lb>immiſta ſint, non amiſerint vires, & exuſta <lb></lb>nidorem fumi non veneficij retinuerint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013008">Deinde, etiam ſi retinere potuiſſent, quomo<lb></lb>do tamdiu & tot per annos? </s> <s id="s.013009">Aut ſi non om<lb></lb>ninò æri immiſta fuêre philtra, quomodo <lb></lb>non computruerint? </s> <s id="s.013010">Veriſimile eſt, equo<lb></lb>rum ſemen abditum viſceribus, immiſtúm<lb></lb>que lachrymæ haud putredini obnoxiæ, fo<lb></lb>raminibus quibuſdam relictis: aut etiam <lb></lb>prius excoctum, ne rancidum fieret, incitaſſe <lb></lb>equos, præſertim forma adiuuante. </s> <s id="s.013011">Nam <lb></lb>equi obtuſa acie videndi, etiam pictis equis, <lb></lb>quandoque hinnierunt, quid mirum eſt à <lb></lb>ſtatua, & odore deceptos? </s> <s id="s.013012">At æneam depre<lb></lb>henderant, tunc iam concitato furore te<lb></lb>nebantur, & vngula qua ſtatuam premunt <lb></lb>ſenſus omninò expers eſt, & odor cum for<lb></lb>ma adhuc vrget. </s> <s id="s.013013">Neque eſt quod de ſexu mi<lb></lb>reris: equi enim odore non viſu ſexum diſtin<lb></lb>guunt. </s> <s id="s.013014">Placuit artifici, ſeu vt magis mirum <lb></lb>videretur, ſeu quod mores, vt Affranius, arte <lb></lb>proderet ſua, ſexum mutare: quandoquidem <lb></lb>ad opus ipſum, & præſtigias hoc nihil fa<lb></lb>ceret. </s> <s id="s.013015">Faciebat forſan non parum caudam <lb></lb>ſuſtuliſſe, vt odor magis concitaret equos. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013016">Quid referam de his quos carminibus refe<lb></lb>runt apud Sueuos glaciem concitatam repri<lb></lb>mere? </s> <s id="s.013017">Hæc maiora ſunt fide. </s> <s id="s.013018">Alij aſtris hæc <lb></lb>tribuunt. </s> <s id="s.013019">Narrat Ioannes Leo, in cacumine <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1776"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>arcis Marrochi tria eſſe aurea poma ponde<lb></lb>ris librarum 1350. quæ multi reges neceſſi<lb></lb>tate compulſi dum auferre tentaſſent, ſemper <lb></lb>infœlicibus caſibus ſunt impediti. </s> <s id="s.013020">Referunt <lb></lb>conflata fuiſſe pretio monilium, gemmarúm<lb></lb>que vxoris regis Iacob Almanſoris, & ſyde<lb></lb>rum concordi poteſtate, tum præcantationi<lb></lb>bus munita aduerſus eos qui illa auferre de<lb></lb>ſtinaſſent. </s> <s id="s.013021">Quòd ſi ibi aurum eſt, non ſup<lb></lb>poſitum clandeſtinè à Principibus metal<lb></lb>lum aliud, conſtante ob vulgi metum fa<lb></lb>ma, ad ea quæ de Hermionis monili ſu<lb></lb>perius ſcripta ſunt, ratio transferenda erit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013022">Idem narrat in Feſſa, (vrbs eſt nobiliſſi<lb></lb>ma Africæ, ſi Chairum excipias) figuris <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1777"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quibuſdam in arena factis vates res ad <lb></lb>amuſſim prædicere, vt qui experiun<lb></lb>tur ſtupeant. </s> <s id="s.013023">Refert Matthiolus Medi<lb></lb>dicus iuxta Romam Eremitam ſenem fuiſ<lb></lb>ſe, ad quem multi veniebant eorum no-<pb pagenum="645" xlink:href="016/01/292.jpg"></pb>mine, qui à ſerpentibus eſſent vulnerati. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1778"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Eremitam ſolitum interrogare nuncium, an <lb></lb>vellet curam pro infirmo ipſe ſuſcipere, nun<lb></lb>cio affirmante, iubebat nudum pedem in <lb></lb>terra firmare, quem cultelli circumſcribe<lb></lb>bat acie, inde amoto pede hæc verba inſcri<lb></lb>bebat: CARO CARVZE SANVM RE<lb></lb>DVCERE, PVTA SANVM EMA<lb></lb>NVEL, PARACLETVS, acie <expan abbr="eiuſdẽ">eiuſdem</expan> cultel<lb></lb>li quæ <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan> cultello eradebat, ita vt ne <expan abbr="veſti-giũ">veſti<lb></lb>gium</expan> ſupereſſet. </s> <s id="s.013024">Hanc <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan> in paropſidem aqua <lb></lb>plenam imponebat, eò relinquens donec to<lb></lb>ta ſubſideret: quàm poſtmodum excolatam <lb></lb>nuncij camiſia bibendam eidem propina<lb></lb>bat, & confeſtim abſens æger curabatur. </s> <s id="s.013025">I <lb></lb>modò tu, & huius facti redde rationem. </s> <s id="s.013026">Ri<lb></lb>debis forſan: & ego inaudita ſcribo, fides <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1779"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſit apud autorem. </s> <s id="s.013027">Sed cùm illud mecum re<lb></lb>puto, quod filio Hieronymi Legnani in vr<lb></lb>be noſtra contingit, non poſſum non admi<lb></lb>rari. </s> <s id="s.013028">Laborabat me præſente abſceſſu inter <lb></lb>pectinem & vmbilicum, qui quum eſſet <lb></lb>maximus, vbi perueniſſet ad vlcus, ab om<lb></lb>nibus egregiis chirurgis deſperata ſalute, <lb></lb>quum puer eſſet annorum octo, & vt dice<lb></lb>bant, etiam fæces per vmbilicum exire cu<lb></lb>piſſent, quòd tamen ego non vidi, & ad <lb></lb>ſummam deductus, tabem, in manus inci<lb></lb>dit cuiuſdam Antonij ex oppido Gallarate, <lb></lb>qui aqua putei cum quibuſdam verbis per <lb></lb>os, & ſuper vulnus exhibita, curabit illum <lb></lb>cùmque ego poſt aliquot menſes inuiſerem <lb></lb>matrem ægrotantem, huncque mortuum <lb></lb>exiſtimarem, occurrit hic puer monſtro ſi<lb></lb>milis, qui præ morbi magnitudine, adeò <lb></lb>curuus remanſit, vt pectus, caputque ſolo <lb></lb>æquidiſtent, formam nactus erecti gnomo<lb></lb>nis, viuitque ſic miſer iſte puer quamuis no<lb></lb>bilis: nam pater tabellio eſt, & cauſidicus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1780"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>egregius. </s> <s id="s.013029">Talia certè magna admiratione <lb></lb>digna ſunt: at quòd conſuta hellebori radix <lb></lb>nigri inter carnem, & pellem iumenti quod <lb></lb>vipera momorderit, ſanare ipſum poſſit: etſi <lb></lb>dignum ſit admiratione, & ad magiam po<lb></lb>tius quàm ad veterinariam pertineat, eui<lb></lb>dentem tamen habet rationem. </s> <s id="s.013030">Nam vim <lb></lb>attrahendi cum egregiam habeat, vndique <lb></lb>ſparſas veneni vires auocat à corde ad con<lb></lb>traria arteriarum ora. </s> <s id="s.013031">Omnis enim arteria <lb></lb>ſenſibilis, præter eam quæ eſt in pulmoni<lb></lb>bus, os vnum in corde habet, aliud ſub cu<lb></lb>te. </s> <s id="s.013032">Quòd verò in animalibus arteriæ idem <lb></lb>penè radices in plantis. </s> <s id="s.013033">Vnde etiam apud <lb></lb>Boreales virere plantas affirmant, perpetua <lb></lb>fronde: quanquam præter generis naturam, <lb></lb>quòd in radicibus earum globi ſerpentum <lb></lb>lateant: quod maximè in Betullis contin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1781"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>git. </s> <s id="s.013034">Siccatur enim ſuperfluus humor, & ar<lb></lb>bos ipſa incaleſcit viru anguium: cùm vul<lb></lb>gus iners ſacras eas arbores eſſe dicat. </s> <s id="s.013035">Simi<lb></lb>li ratione alia mentem turbant, vt vini fæx, <lb></lb>apollinaris herba, & tithymali radix, præ<lb></lb>cipuè cypariſſij. </s> <s id="s.013036">Et ob id aues, & piſces, & <lb></lb>quæcunque cerebrum habent imbecille, <expan abbr="mẽ-te">men<lb></lb>te</expan> propria excutiuntur. </s> <s id="s.013037">Imbecille enim ce<lb></lb>rebrum habent alia ob paruitatem, vt aues: <lb></lb>alia ob frigiditatem, vt piſces: alia ob per<lb></lb>fectionem, vt mures ac caniculi: vnde ſi <lb></lb>caniculum vel leui palmæ ictu in parte ca<lb></lb>pitis poſteriore percutias, ſubitò moritur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1782"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>At hominibus vix talia ſufficiunt. </s> <s id="s.013038">Sed quæ <lb></lb>veternum inducunt, humida, & fragida im<lb></lb>modicé oportet, vt ſint: non enim materiam <lb></lb>tam grauis ac conſtantis ſomni præbere poſ<lb></lb>ſent. </s> <s id="s.013039">At ſi modicum ex his miſceas, adhuc <lb></lb>grauem ſomnum non efficient. </s> <s id="s.013040">Si pluri<lb></lb>mum, hominem occides. </s> <s id="s.013041">Et cor potius, <lb></lb>quàm cerebrum occupabit. </s> <s id="s.013042">Oportet igitur, <lb></lb>vt his miſceantur, quæ cæleriter caput pe<lb></lb>tunt. </s> <s id="s.013043">Talia omnia tenuia ſunt, vt facilè in <lb></lb>vapores ſoluantur. </s> <s id="s.013044">Quod verò tenue eſt, <lb></lb>valde calidum eſt: oportet igitur medica<lb></lb>mentum hoc ex frigidis, & humidis, <lb></lb>tum etiam calidis ac tenuibus conſtare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013045">Quæ verò frigida, & humida immodi<lb></lb>cè ſunt, excocta eſſe nequeunt: quod au<lb></lb>tem non excoctum eſt, grauem habet odor <lb></lb>rem. </s> <s id="s.013046">Sed quod grauiter olet, cum iungitur <lb></lb>calidis, & tenuibus, multùm olet: odor <lb></lb>enim in tenui ſubſtantia, & calido ac ſicco <lb></lb>poſitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.013047">Quæcunque igitur veternum per <lb></lb>ſe excitare poſſunt, odoris grauitate pro<lb></lb>duntur. </s> <s id="s.013048">Sed ſunt qui cum vino miſceant, <lb></lb>vbi præter veternum etiam homo vbi reſi<lb></lb>puerit, mente læditur. </s> <s id="s.013049">Quamobrem qui ta<lb></lb>lia exhibent, non minùs quàm qui vene<lb></lb>num, ſupplicio digni ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013050">Exhibent au<lb></lb>tem plerunque ob adulteria patranda. </s> <s id="s.013051">Sed <lb></lb>licet etiam veternum exterioribus prouoca<lb></lb>re, quoties quæ tenuiſſima ſunt ſoporiferis <lb></lb>miſcentur. </s> <s id="s.013052">Hæc autem ad vigilias pellendas <lb></lb>ſtudioſorum: ſtudioſi enim maximè, & ſe<lb></lb>nes, vigiliis vexantur. </s> <s id="s.013053">Pomum igitur ex <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1783"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>opio, & mandragoræ ſucco coacto: vini fæ<lb></lb>ce, & zibeto, ſomnum dulcem, & vbertim <lb></lb>conciliare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.013054">At rurſus bona in mala <lb></lb>verti conſueuêre. </s> <s id="s.013055">Nelphus de quo elegans <lb></lb>Aurelij Augurelli ode facti continens hiſto<lb></lb>riam extat. </s> <s id="s.013056">Cùm in certamine equeſtri Pa<lb></lb>tauij victor extitiſſet, depoſita galea, vt reſ<lb></lb>piraret, ab inuidis, quod plebeius eſſet, co<lb></lb>pioſo illito intus opio extinctus eſt. </s> <s id="s.013057">Nam ca<lb></lb>lor galcæ, tum ſpiritus hauſerant quicquid <lb></lb>halitus pernicioſi intra caſſidem contineba<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.013058">Calore autem venarum oſcula omnia <lb></lb>patebant, vnde ſtatim receptus intra pene<lb></lb>tralia hominem ſtrangulauit. </s> <s id="s.013059">Tantum po<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1784"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teſt virtus perſæpè ad mortem aſciſcendam, <lb></lb>quantum nec crimen. </s> <s id="s.013060">Forſan non docenda <lb></lb>talia quiſquam dicet. </s> <s id="s.013061">Sed maius in his au<lb></lb>xilij præcauere docendo, quàm periculi de<lb></lb>clarando. </s> <s id="s.013062">Nam qui talia facturus eſt, iam <lb></lb>hominem deſtinat morti: qui iam hoc fe<lb></lb>cit, multas inueniet nocendi vias: facilius <lb></lb>autem eſt aliquid inuenire, & in præuiſam <lb></lb>frondem incidere, quàm omninò nihil in<lb></lb>uenire: igitur maius eſt in docendo auxilij, <lb></lb>quàm periculi in his. </s> <s id="s.013063">At quæ per ſe non <lb></lb>adeò comperta ſunt, vt venenum, quod ta<lb></lb>ctu ſolo occidat, aut ſolo odore leui, vt qui <lb></lb>puluere iniecto pannis peſtem excitabant, <lb></lb>aut herbæ incognitæ nocentem vim atque <lb></lb>morbo ſimilem, quæ tamen perimat, aut <lb></lb>venenum, quod tractu temporis occidat, ab <lb></lb>initio non ſentiatur, & generaliter quæcun<lb></lb>que non prompta ſunt cuiquam inuentu, ſi <lb></lb>quis doceat, eò veneficio deterior eſt, quò <lb></lb>populus ſæuiens vnico viro. </s> <s id="s.013064">Quid populus <pb pagenum="646" xlink:href="016/01/293.jpg"></pb>nonne hoc eſt ſceleratorum omnium homi<lb></lb>num exhibere ſe doctorem ac proceptorem? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013065">Eſtque eò veneficus latrone deterior, quò <lb></lb>difficilius eſt vitare clandeſtinas inſidias, <lb></lb>quàm manifeſtas. </s> <s id="s.013066">Quamobrem non ſolùm <lb></lb>docere aut experiri, ſed neque ſcire talia vo<lb></lb>lui. </s> <s id="s.013067">Quando quidem maxima eſt ſeges vti<lb></lb>lium, in quam te conferre poſſis, etiamſi <lb></lb>ſecula Cumeæ viuat. </s> <s id="s.013068">Neque tamen hæc <lb></lb>tam vtilitatis cauſa experiri malui, quàm <lb></lb>tentandi. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1785"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013069"><margin.target id="marg1771"></margin.target>Veneficiorum <lb></lb>genera & <lb></lb>ſpecies.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013070"><margin.target id="marg1772"></margin.target>Zoroaſtes <lb></lb>venefi iorum <lb></lb>inuentor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013071">Pionis cumu<lb></lb>li mirum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013072"><margin.target id="marg1773"></margin.target>Cineris ſpon<lb></lb>tè ſe accen<lb></lb>dentis <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013073"><margin.target id="marg1774"></margin.target>Africo ven<lb></lb>to ſiſtendo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013074"><margin.target id="marg1775"></margin.target>Equus æneus <lb></lb><expan abbr="quẽ">quem</expan> alij inire <lb></lb>geſtiebant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013075"><margin.target id="marg1776"></margin.target>Poma aurea <lb></lb>Marrochi <lb></lb>inuiolabilia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013076"><margin.target id="marg1777"></margin.target>Vates admi<lb></lb>rabiles.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013077"><margin.target id="marg1778"></margin.target>Serpentum <lb></lb>vulneribus <lb></lb>cura præſti<lb></lb>gioſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013078"><margin.target id="marg1779"></margin.target>Cura prodi<lb></lb>gioſa filij <lb></lb>Hieronymi <lb></lb>Legnani.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013079"><margin.target id="marg1780"></margin.target>Iumenta à <lb></lb>ſerpentibus <lb></lb>vulnerata <lb></lb>quomodo cu<lb></lb>ra præſtigio<lb></lb>ſa ſanentur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013080"><margin.target id="marg1781"></margin.target>Quæ anima<lb></lb>li ſenſu pro<lb></lb>prio excu<lb></lb>tiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013081"><margin.target id="marg1782"></margin.target>Veternum <lb></lb>quæ homini<lb></lb>bus faciunt, <lb></lb>grauiter cur <lb></lb>oleant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013082"><margin.target id="marg1783"></margin.target>Pomum pro<lb></lb>uocans ſom<lb></lb>num. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013083">Opio caſſidi <lb></lb>certantis <lb></lb>equitis illito <lb></lb>eques extin<lb></lb>ctus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013084"><margin.target id="marg1784"></margin.target>Veneficia <lb></lb>quæ docere <lb></lb>vtile eſt, & <lb></lb>quæ non.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013085"><margin.target id="marg1785"></margin.target>Sagittis ex<lb></lb>trahendis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013086">Sed ad rem redeo, atque vtilia exequor, <lb></lb>quorum obſcura ratio eſt. </s> <s id="s.013087">Referunt ſquil<lb></lb>lam piſcem impoſitum vulneri ſagittas <arrow.to.target n="marg1786"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>extrahere. </s> <s id="s.013088">Et leonis pinguedine perunctos, <lb></lb>quod mirum eſt, tutos eſſe à feris, cùm orem <lb></lb>illum ſeu viuentis, ſeu mortui expaueſcant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013089">Hoc autem maximè cùm intrepidus obuiam <lb></lb>iueris: nam ſi fugam arripueris, vix odorem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1787"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>percipient. </s> <s id="s.013090">Simili ratione ſuccum radiculæ <lb></lb>ſeu raphani, perunctis eo manibus diligen<lb></lb>ter, facere vt tutus tractare poſſis ſerpentes <lb></lb>traditum eſt: vel enim timent mordere odo<lb></lb>ris accredinem ſentientes, vel ipſo etiam <lb></lb>exanimantur. </s> <s id="s.013091">Nam muſtelæ & ſciuri allio <lb></lb>dentibus tentato in poſterum mordere vix <lb></lb>audent, cicuréſque hoc modo fiunt. </s> <s id="s.013092">Illud in<lb></lb>credibile, quòd calear pedis dextri galli vi<lb></lb>ctores faciat: aut quòd ſanguis humanus in <lb></lb>80. diebus concreſcat in formam humanam <lb></lb>longè incredibilius, quod ea figura in farina <lb></lb>hordei ſepulta per nouem dies, inde iugu<lb></lb>lata, ſanguinem qui ex ea fluit illitum faciei, <lb></lb>gratum reddere coram regibus, & cunctis <lb></lb>amabilem. </s> <s id="s.013093">Quid abſurdius? </s> <s id="s.013094">Inter mirabilia <lb></lb>non tam abſona reponitur, vt vinum non <lb></lb>peruertatur caniculæ tempore, quod contin<lb></lb>git ex æſtu ac tomitruis, ſi vaſa ipſa vituli <lb></lb>marini pelle circumtegantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013095"><margin.target id="marg1786"></margin.target>Vt tutus ſis <lb></lb>è feris.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013096"><margin.target id="marg1787"></margin.target>Serpentęs <lb></lb>quomedo <lb></lb>abſque peri<lb></lb>culo <expan abbr="tractẽ-tur">tracten<lb></lb>tur</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013097">Muſtelæ, & <lb></lb>ſciuri quo<lb></lb>modo man<lb></lb>ſueſcant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013098">Veneficia, media ſunt inter venena, & <lb></lb>præſtigias: his veriora, illis magis admiran<lb></lb>da: priùs docenda auxilia, quàm ſcelera. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013099">Iuuat non credere, & ſalutaribus geminis <lb></lb>ſe munire. </s> <s id="s.013100">Oſtendunt odia principum non <lb></lb>eſſe vlla veneficia. </s> <s id="s.013101">Si qua ſunt, conſtant ci<lb></lb>bis corruptis, veſtium coinquinatione, re<lb></lb>trimentis, partibus humani corporis, <foreign lang="grc">Φαν<lb></lb>τασία. </foreign></s> <s id="s.013102">Sed Hipomanes, vteruſque catulæ <lb></lb>philtra non ſunt: talibus impius Agrippa li<lb></lb>brum quartum de Occulta Philoſophia, de <lb></lb>Veneficiisac venenis repleuit: qui de Scien<lb></lb>tiarum vanitate ſcripſit, homo vaniſſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013103">Qui quæ damnauit, prorſus neſciebat: quæ<lb></lb>que neſciebat, ſcripſit: atque ea ſi vera fuiſ<lb></lb>ſent, humano generi pernicioſa. </s> <s id="s.013104">Cæterùm <lb></lb>quæ eduntur, quæque tanguntur, irrita ſunt <lb></lb>ſed nec quæ imaginamur, abſque periculo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013105">Velut ſi quis ſuſpicit quotidie medullas hu<lb></lb>manas, ſi pingat retrò arantem mortem. </s> <s id="s.013106">Re<lb></lb>liqua non nocent, niſi ex præcantantis pro<lb></lb>prietate, & debilitate animæ illorum, ad<lb></lb>uerſus quos hæ machinæ ſtruuntur: propte<lb></lb>rea neque Principibus, nec fortibus viris, <lb></lb>nec ſapientibus talia nocent, ſed mulieribus <lb></lb>& infantibus, neque omnibus, ſed viliori<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.013107">Neque verò probi viri eſt, aut ingenui <lb></lb>talia ſcire aut quærere, niſi homo iam adeò <lb></lb>integram mentem ſeruet, vt pecunias con<lb></lb>temnere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013108">Docere verò talia, ſiccarij eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013109">Igitur hac parte magiæ maleficæ, quam<lb></lb>uis naturalis, relicta, ad vtilem tranſeamus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1788"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Priùs tamen illius vanitatem in quibuſdam <lb></lb>redarguamus: nam liber hic generalia con<lb></lb>tinet præcepta, propria in libris de Rerum <lb></lb>varietate deſcripſimus. </s> <s id="s.013110">Dicunt, ſi vulua aut <lb></lb>membrum virile metiatur candela cerea, <lb></lb>quæ in funere fuerit, ille vel illa prohibetur <lb></lb>à Venere. </s> <s id="s.013111">Vel igitur à coitu maſculus cuiuſ<lb></lb>libet fœminæ, vel illius tantum, cuius no<lb></lb>mine agitur. </s> <s id="s.013112">Si illius tantùm, cùm nihil ei <lb></lb>ſit proprium præter verba, habebunt ver<lb></lb>ba vim præter hominum conſenſum. </s> <s id="s.013113">Si cu<lb></lb>iuſlibet fœminæ, igitur oportet vt perpetuò, <lb></lb>quòd experimento non congruit, vel tem<lb></lb>pore quodam. </s> <s id="s.013114">Cùm verò nihil ſit, quod vel <lb></lb>ſeminis generationem prohibeat, nec ima<lb></lb>ginationem, nec flatum, à quo tenditur, ma<lb></lb>nifeſtum eſt hoc ſolùm in aliquibus contin<lb></lb>gere, non ſemper, nec in omnibus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1789"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013115"><margin.target id="marg1788"></margin.target>Diſputatio <lb></lb>contra ma<lb></lb>giæ quædam <lb></lb>abſurda pla<lb></lb>cita.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013116"><margin.target id="marg1789"></margin.target>Sigillorum <lb></lb>vis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013117">Ergo ſigillis primùm, vt ad rem reuer<lb></lb>tar, vim non leuem tribuunt: Solis ad ma<lb></lb>giſtratus, honores, gratiam cum principi<lb></lb>bus: Iouis ad diuitias, & amicos: Veneris <lb></lb>ad voluptates: Martis ad fortitudinem: Mer<lb></lb>curij ad ſolertiam: Saturni ad laborum pa<lb></lb>tientiam: Lunæ ad populi fauorem. </s> <s id="s.013118">Atque <lb></lb>vtinam ſcire poſſem quid cuique conduce<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.013119">Non ignoro, & lapides, & occaſionem <lb></lb>ſculpturæ proficere, figuram autem nihil. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013120">Verùm forſan figura, dum inſpicimus ani<lb></lb>mum ( vt dixi) aliquantò magis mutare po<lb></lb>teſt, quàm lapis, aut conſtitutio. </s> <s id="s.013121">Sed de his <lb></lb>alibi. </s> <s id="s.013122">Aſtrum ſamium, & calcem extinctam <arrow.to.target n="marg1790"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in maluæ ſucco, aut mercurialis, efficere <lb></lb>poſſe putant, ſi manus illiniantur, ne ignis <lb></lb>noceat. </s> <s id="s.013123">At buffonem ſale extinctum ma<lb></lb>gnum, ſi ſal in aqua diſſoluatur, interula <lb></lb>verò ſeu camiſia in ea aqua lauetur, illum <lb></lb>qui eam induerit, ſcabie grauiſſima corripi <lb></lb>affirmant. </s> <s id="s.013124">Hæc aut omninò vera ſunt, aut <lb></lb>parte quadam, aut veroſimilia. </s> <s id="s.013125">Neque enim <lb></lb>me latet, mulierem curatam nephriti, ima<lb></lb>gine leonis aurea geſtata. </s> <s id="s.013126">Sed è cœlo peten<lb></lb>da ratio. </s> <s id="s.013127">Quædam quidem magis vera vi<lb></lb>dentur, quàm ſint, quædam autem magis ve<lb></lb>ra ſunt quàm videantur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013128"><margin.target id="marg1790"></margin.target>Contra <expan abbr="ignẽ">ignem</expan> <lb></lb>Buffonis vis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013129">Ex hoc genere vltimo eſt experimentum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1791"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>illud à Boethio traditum, ſatis vulgatum, <lb></lb>quod nos vidimus ſæpe per ocium. </s> <s id="s.013130">Captis <lb></lb>duabus liris, teſtudinibuſve, alteram ſupi<lb></lb>nam collocabis, priùs tamen ad concentum <lb></lb>neruis extenſis, remiſſiſque deductam. </s> <s id="s.013131">Pòſt <lb></lb>ſuper ſupinæ neruos ſecundum ac primum <lb></lb>paleæ fruſtum collocabis, tendéſque pri<lb></lb>mum neruum inſtrumenti eius, quod mani<lb></lb>bus tenes, cùm ſonum æqualem reddat illi, <lb></lb>qui in inſtrumento ſupino eſt, confeſtim fe<lb></lb>ſtucæ ſubſiliet, ſaltabitque tanquam ab ali<lb></lb>quo concuſſa: atque tranſlata eo modo pa<lb></lb>leæ parte per ſingulos neruos, inſtrumenta <lb></lb>ad æqualem vocem, imò eandem mira arte <lb></lb>traduces. </s> <s id="s.013132">Cauſa tanti effectus ignota fuiſſe <lb></lb>videtur. </s> <s id="s.013133">An quòd non ſolùm ſubſilit, cum <lb></lb>ſonum æqualem edere poteſt? </s> <s id="s.013134">aut quia aër <lb></lb>ipſe æqualem habens vim mouere poteſt, <lb></lb>non autem remiſſior, aut magis incitatus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013135">Sed nec hoc tamen verum eſt, cum in te<lb></lb>nuiore neruo remiſſior contentio, æqualem <pb pagenum="647" xlink:href="016/01/294.jpg"></pb>tum ſonum edere apta moueat: æqualis ve<lb></lb>rò tenſio cùm inæquali ſono non mouet. </s> <s id="s.013136">Vi<lb></lb>detur hoc mihi ſanè contingere, quòd mo<lb></lb>tus aër in neruis ſonum ſemper excitat, <lb></lb>quamuis non audiatur. </s> <s id="s.013137">Cùm tamen æqua<lb></lb>lis eſt motus, aër in vnum conſentit mo<lb></lb>tum: quia eadem ratione mouetur, & nul<lb></lb>lo modo reſiſtit illi: vnde integer ea vi ad <lb></lb>neruum quieſcentem defertur, qua moue<lb></lb>tur, mouétque propemodum tanta vi, quan<lb></lb>ta mouetur. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1792"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013138"><margin.target id="marg1791"></margin.target>Cur nerui <lb></lb>lyræ æquali<lb></lb>ter dum ten<lb></lb>duntur, & ſi <lb></lb>non tangan<lb></lb>tur, alter <lb></lb>ſubſilit, re<lb></lb>liquo eden<lb></lb>te ſonum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013139"><margin.target id="marg1792"></margin.target>Lapis qui <lb></lb>ſaliua ac<lb></lb>cenditur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013140">Quæ verò minùs vera ſunt, quàm vi<lb></lb>deantur, ſunt: veluti lapis, qui ſpontè ſali<lb></lb>ua accenditur<emph type="italics"></emph>:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> conſtat ex libris 3. calcis vi<lb></lb>uæ, picis Græcæ vnciis tribus, & Herculei <lb></lb>lapidis vncia: coquuntur trita in olla fictili <lb></lb>lateribus concluſa, inde ſepelietur in oleo <lb></lb>laurino per dies 15. inde ſeruatur in ſicco. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013141">Hoc minus habet veritatis, quia non ſem<lb></lb>per accenditur: at liræ nerui ad æqualita<lb></lb>tem ducti, ſemper paleam mouent, & ta<lb></lb>men hoc de lapide euidentem ſui effectus <lb></lb>cauſam magis habet. <arrow.to.target n="marg1793"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013142"><margin.target id="marg1793"></margin.target><expan abbr="Cãdela">Candela</expan> quæ <lb></lb>eſt inextin<lb></lb>guibilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013143">Candela è <lb></lb>glacie <expan abbr="ardẽs">ardens</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013144">Multa ſunt mirabilia, quæ tamen cùm <lb></lb>noueris cauſam, ceſſat omnis admiratio: ve<lb></lb>luti ſulphur cum cera æqualiter diſſolutum, <lb></lb>eam reddit inextinguibilem: oportet autem <lb></lb>ſulphur valde purum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.013145">Similiter ſi can<lb></lb>dela ſulphuris puluere, tum carbonis oblita <lb></lb>in aqua mergatur hyemis `tempore, ex ſu<lb></lb>periore parte contecta papyro, ſuſpenda<lb></lb>turque vbi gutta cadit, circundabitur gla<lb></lb>cie craſſiore, ardebitque tum accenſa, ma<lb></lb>gnóque miraculo glacies aſtantibus ardere <lb></lb>videbitur. </s> <s id="s.013146">Ita lyræ nerui ſuper carnes calidas <arrow.to.target n="marg1794"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>proiecti, cùm diſtorqueantur, vermiculo<lb></lb>rum imaginem referunt. </s> <s id="s.013147">Refert Symeon <lb></lb>Sethi, ellychnium lampadis in ſepiæ atra<lb></lb>mentum admiſtum ærugine poſitum, ſi abſ<lb></lb>que lumine alio accendatur, quæcunque ad<lb></lb>ſunt, partim nigra, partim viridia oſten<lb></lb>dere. </s> <s id="s.013148">Superius dum de luce, & lumine age<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1795"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rem, talia docui. </s> <s id="s.013149">Sed capparorum aqua <lb></lb>deſtillata, virides verè pilos, & capillos <lb></lb>efficit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013150"><margin.target id="marg1794"></margin.target>Caro vt ver <lb></lb>miculis ſca<lb></lb>tere videa<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013151"><margin.target id="marg1795"></margin.target>Vt cuncta <lb></lb>nigra, par<lb></lb>tim, partim <lb></lb>viridia vi<lb></lb>deantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013152">Pili, & ca<lb></lb>pilii vt vi<lb></lb>rides vi<lb></lb>deantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013153">Fructus vt <lb></lb><expan abbr="formã">formam</expan>, quam <lb></lb>volueris, aſ<lb></lb>ſequantur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013154">Inter vera, naturaliaque experimenta, <lb></lb>illud referre abſurdum non eſt, quòd fru<lb></lb>ctus omnes in <expan abbr="quãuis">quanuis</expan> formam <expan abbr="transferũtur">transferuntur</expan>, <lb></lb>maximè maiores, nucleóque <expan abbr="carẽtes">carentes</expan>, vt mala <lb></lb>pira, cotonea, punica, cucumeres, cucurbitæ, <lb></lb>melongenæ. </s> <s id="s.013155">Ars hæc eſt: <expan abbr="formã">formam</expan> <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> deſideras <lb></lb>finge in ligno magnitudine fructus perfecti: <lb></lb>huic <expan abbr="circũpone">circumpone</expan> gypſum aqua <expan abbr="diſſolutũ">diſſolutum</expan>, craſ<lb></lb>ſitudine digiti minimi, bifariàm diuiſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013156">Siccam hanc figuram, celeriter enim ſicca<lb></lb>tur, auferes à ligno: id facile fiet, ſi priùs <lb></lb>ligno oleum illiueris. </s> <s id="s.013157">Detractam hanc for<lb></lb>mam cauam è gypſo, bifariàmque diuiſam <lb></lb>fructu creſcenti, qui iuſtæ magnitudinis <lb></lb>medium exceſſerit, arctiſſimè circumliga<lb></lb>to, dimittoque donec fructus ad iuſtam per<lb></lb>uenerit magnitudinem. </s> <s id="s.013158">Habebis fructum <lb></lb>forma ea, qua lignum dedolatum erat, li<lb></lb>ceat & inſcribere quæcunque volueris: vt <lb></lb>verè dicere poſſis. <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Creſcite, & in titulos ſurgite ritè meos.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1796"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013159"><margin.target id="marg1796"></margin.target>Radices vt <lb></lb>formam, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb>velis.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013160">Idem experimentum, ſed longè diuerſa <lb></lb>ratione, in radicibus, at non omnibus, ſuc<lb></lb>cedit. </s> <s id="s.013161">Prægrandes atque viuaces accipere <lb></lb>oportet, quales bryoniæ, & quæ lignoſæ <lb></lb>ſunt, vt diutius durent: licebit & in vtroque <lb></lb>raparum genere, & raphano talia experiri. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013162">Has igitur gladio formatas, ſepelies rurſus <lb></lb>in terra donec obduxerint cicatricem Sic ex <lb></lb>bryonia tranſit in mandragoram, fictis modò <lb></lb>maris, modò fœminæ genitalibus. </s> <s id="s.013163">Adduntur <lb></lb>etiam capilli ſatis hordei granis <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> vt dicunt) <lb></lb>iuxta radicis caput, ſic vt plantæ inſerantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013164">Formantur & humana corpora quaſi na<arrow.to.target n="marg1797"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tiuis figuris ab initio primum compreſſo in<lb></lb>fante. </s> <s id="s.013165">Sed ſi placeat quandocunque nouas <lb></lb>inſcribere figuras, facillime efficies in æſtua<lb></lb>rio diuiſa ſumma cute nouacula, prius depi<lb></lb>cta atramento in cute figura: inde rimas mi<lb></lb>nio vel cæruleo, aut terreo colore, quem de<lb></lb>pingere cupis, implebis, & ſtatim ob calo<lb></lb>rem contracto colore cutis concreſcit in <lb></lb>imaginem. </s> <s id="s.013166">Aliter, vt experimento didici, & <lb></lb>abſque balneo: Aquæ ſeparationis auri can<lb></lb>tharides toto die naturali immiſtas ſines: in<lb></lb>de calamo tenui, ſeu literas, ſeu formam <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> <lb></lb>volueris, delineabis in cute, ſic vt aquæ ve<lb></lb>ſtigia relinquantur, confeſtim erumpent ve<lb></lb>ſicæ albæ locis, quæ aqua occupauit. </s> <s id="s.013167">His <lb></lb>ſpontè perfractis, atque die vna conſolida<lb></lb>tis, perpetua cicatrix alba ſuccedet, atque <lb></lb>omninò indelebilis, niſi vi formam <expan abbr="depictã">depictam</expan> <lb></lb>ad vnguem referens. </s> <s id="s.013168">Vt verò huius demon<lb></lb>ſtratio perſpicua habeatur, pauca ſubiicere <lb></lb>libuit. </s> <s id="s.013169">Aqua ſeparationis actu quidem talis <lb></lb>eſt, cùm igne non indigeat, vt argentum <lb></lb>colliquet. </s> <s id="s.013170">Cantharides potentia ſunt exulce<lb></lb>rantes cutem. </s> <s id="s.013171">Demonſtratum eſt in præce<lb></lb>dentibus, ea quæ poteſtate talia ſunt, vbi <lb></lb>his, quæ actu ſunt, coniunguntur, vim om<lb></lb>nem illis tradere. </s> <s id="s.013172">Exulcerabit ergo aqua ſe<lb></lb>parationis viribus cantharidarum imbuta, <lb></lb>idque efficies ſtatim, quoniam talis eſt, qua<lb></lb>les ſunt cantharides, cùm iam diu hæſe<lb></lb>rint cuti, & naturalis caloris vi agere cœpe<lb></lb>rint. </s> <s id="s.013173">Tunc enim vbi agere cœperint, ſtatim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1798"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>agunt: atque hæc <foreign lang="grc">απόδειξις. </foreign></s> <s id="s.013174">Similiter & cor<lb></lb>pora puerorum macilenta abſtracta à cute <lb></lb>ſenſim carne pinguefacies: nihil enim inane <lb></lb>natura creſcentis relinquit. </s> <s id="s.013175">In adultis etiam <lb></lb>aliquid hoc confert. </s> <s id="s.013176">Et hæc quidem natura <lb></lb>conſtant. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013177"><margin.target id="marg1797"></margin.target>Literæ in<lb></lb>delebiles <lb></lb>quomodo <lb></lb>corporibus <lb></lb>humanis in<lb></lb>ſcribantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013178"><margin.target id="marg1798"></margin.target>Pueri vt <lb></lb>pingueſcant.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013179">Metamorphoſis hæc vera figurarum, alia <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1799"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſubſtantiarum, vt cùm Pyrophilum lapidem <lb></lb>volumus facere. </s> <s id="s.013180">Sanguinis humani libras <lb></lb>duas, quindecim diebus ſub equino fimo pu<lb></lb>treſcere ſinemus. </s> <s id="s.013181">Inde per vitrum facta de<lb></lb>ſtillatione aquam ſubtractam ſeruabimus, <lb></lb>fæcem in vas, crucibulum vocatum, quo me<lb></lb>talla liquari ſolent, ſubiectis ſiccabimus <lb></lb>prunis, donec in calcem quaſi tranſeat. </s> <s id="s.013182">Rur<lb></lb>ſus calcem illam in vaſe vitreo <expan abbr="poſitã">poſitam</expan> aquæ <lb></lb>ſeruatæ miſcebimus, lentóque igne verte<lb></lb>mus in lapidem, aut acri velut lateres, aut <lb></lb>ſepulta permittemus cogi. </s> <s id="s.013183">Refert Agrippa <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1800"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in ſuo de Veneficiis ac experimentis, lapi<lb></lb>dem hunc rubicundum eſſe ac ſplendidum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013184">Hos libros quarto de Occulta philoſophia <lb></lb>iunctos vidi, ille autem inſcribitur, Praxis <lb></lb>eorum, quæ docentur in prioribus tribus: nec <lb></lb>vllus horum editus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013185"><margin.target id="marg1799"></margin.target>Pyrophili la<lb></lb>pidis ex hu<lb></lb>mano ſan<lb></lb>guine ratio <lb></lb>ſtructuræ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013186"><margin.target id="marg1800"></margin.target>Agrippæ li<lb></lb>bri nondum <lb></lb>editi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013187">Eadem permutatio in plantis, & anima<lb></lb>lium partibus in lapides, iiſdem præceptis <pb pagenum="648" xlink:href="016/01/295.jpg"></pb>fieri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.013188">Tranſeunt & herbarum fermè <lb></lb>genera ſingula in diuerſas vermium aut ſer<lb></lb>pentum ſpecies, variis præditas tum pro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1801"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>priis formis atque virtutibus. </s> <s id="s.013189">Et hanc ma<lb></lb>gnam metamorphoſin vocamus. </s> <s id="s.013190">Quum enim <lb></lb>vt ſuprà docuimus, in putrefactione ſepare<lb></lb>tur pingue humidum à terreo, putreſcunt <lb></lb>autem quæcunque putreſcere poſſunt, vt <lb></lb>herbæ, plantarum folia, carnes, oua, lac, dum <lb></lb>in vitreo vaſe poſita, fimo equino fumante <lb></lb>ſepeliuntur: neceſſe eſt talia ſic ſepulta hu<lb></lb>midum excernere pingue, quo ſeparato vi<lb></lb>uens animal generatur. </s> <s id="s.013191">Nec poteſt prohi<lb></lb>beri generatio hæc, niſi ab excremento exu<lb></lb>ſto, dum relinquitur miſtum humido pin<lb></lb>gui. </s> <s id="s.013192">Nam quædam putreſcere non viden<lb></lb>tur, vt amara, & acria: non enim animal ge<lb></lb>nerant. </s> <s id="s.013193">Quoniam tam lentè id contingit, vt <lb></lb>prius exhalet, quod pinguis eſt humidi, <lb></lb>quàm ſeparetur. </s> <s id="s.013194">Omnis enim generatio (vt <lb></lb>dictum eſſt ) in ſeparatione conſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.013195">Quam<lb></lb>obrem marceſcunt potiùs talia, atque tabeſ<lb></lb>cunt, quam putreſcant. </s> <s id="s.013196">Amara verò facilius <lb></lb>acribus putreſcunt: nam in abſinthio ſæpius <lb></lb>vermes inuenies, quàm allio, vel cæpis. </s> <s id="s.013197">Non <lb></lb>enim quodcunque nobis amarum eſt, ama<lb></lb>rum eſt animalibus. </s> <s id="s.013198">Teſtis eſt Poëta, de ca<lb></lb>pris dicens: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Et ſalices carpetis amaras.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013199"><margin.target id="marg1801"></margin.target>E ſingulis <lb></lb>plantarum <lb></lb>generibus <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> <lb></lb>in fimo equi<lb></lb>no putreſ<lb></lb>cunt, ver<lb></lb>mium pro<lb></lb>priæ, nonnun<lb></lb>quam ſer<lb></lb>pentum ſpe<lb></lb>cies generan<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013200">Et zinziber quum putreſcit præter id, <lb></lb>quod pingue eſt, eſt etiam minus acre. </s> <s id="s.013201">Eo<lb></lb>rum verò quæ putreſcunt, materiæ varietas <lb></lb>in cauſa eſt, vt formæ animalium diuerſæ <lb></lb>generentur. </s> <s id="s.013202">Si igitur quæ forma differunt, <lb></lb>ſpecie differunt: quæ verò ſpecie, viribus ac <lb></lb>moribus, & quæ ex materiis diuerſis gene<lb></lb>rantur, forma differunt: neceſſe eſt, quæ ge<lb></lb>nita ſunt diuerſis ex materiis, vires habere <lb></lb>diuerſas, velut de veſpis, aſpibus, crabroni<lb></lb>buſque ſuperius dictum eſt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1802"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013203"><margin.target id="marg1802"></margin.target>Aquæ guttæ <lb></lb>incorrupto <lb></lb>aëre vertun<lb></lb>tur in rube<lb></lb>tas.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013204">Quandoque verò ex eadem materia, di<lb></lb>uerſa tamen cauſa efficiente, varia fiunt ge<lb></lb>nera animalium: velut aquæ guttæ in æſta<lb></lb>te generant pulices apud nos: eædem in Da<lb></lb>riene noui orbis prouincia, confeſtim ver<lb></lb>tuntur in rubetas. </s> <s id="s.013205">Vnde non mihi abſurdum <lb></lb>videtur, quendam vbi ſpuiſſet, intra dimidiæ <lb></lb>horæ ſpacium ranas pro ſputo exiguas oſten<lb></lb>diſſe. </s> <s id="s.013206">Quicquid enim aëris natura poteſt, hu<lb></lb>manam naturam æmulari docuimus. </s> <s id="s.013207">Et <lb></lb>commanducatis aliquibus forſan iuuabatur, <lb></lb>vtpote ranarum cinere, aut parte aliqua. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013208">Nam in his animalibus, quæ illuuie gene<lb></lb>rantur, facilem illorum generationem eſſe <lb></lb>oſtendimus. </s> <s id="s.013209">Et quòd ex propriis ſordibus ge<lb></lb>nerantur. </s> <s id="s.013210"><expan abbr="Breuẽ">Breuem</expan> <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>, & velocem <expan abbr="illarũ">illarum</expan> plu<lb></lb>uia declarat ſunt enim ex humida ſubſtantia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013211"><expan abbr="Quamobrẽ">Quamobrem</expan> & tabefactis conueniunt. </s> <s id="s.013212">Sic igi<lb></lb>tur minore, ne <expan abbr="dicã">dicam</expan> fine miraculo credi po<lb></lb>teſt, magos coram Pharaone virgas vertiſſe <lb></lb>in colubres. </s> <s id="s.013213">Ergo miris res proprietatibus <lb></lb>præditæ ſunt, tum regiones. </s> <s id="s.013214">Creta non alit <arrow.to.target n="marg1803"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>venenatum animal, & tamen tepet. </s> <s id="s.013215">Cauſa <lb></lb>igitur eſt, quia vel alimentum deeſt, vel aër <lb></lb>ipſe ob mutationes impedit: odores enim <lb></lb>boni prohibent illa, & exitio eis ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013216">Ruta <lb></lb>cùm multa magis aſtringant, & calefaciant, <lb></lb>confirmat ſingulari præſtantia ventriculum, <lb></lb>inteſtináque omnia. </s> <s id="s.013217">Fabæ corrumpunt vi<lb></lb>cinum aërem, cùm tamen innoxiæ ſint ſi <lb></lb>edantur, imò proprietate quadam ſiſtunt à <lb></lb>capite fluxiones. </s> <s id="s.013218">Et quanquam alia ſit ratio <lb></lb>fructus, alia plantæ, & rurſus virentis fru<lb></lb>ctus atque ſicci, non tamen adeò humida eſt <lb></lb>hæc planta, vt aërem afficere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013219">In no<lb></lb>ſtris regionibus compertum eſt, bombyces <lb></lb>plus fabis aërem corrumpere. </s> <s id="s.013220">Corrumpunt <lb></lb>hæc animalia, & vermium genera omnia, <lb></lb>& locuſtæ, ob excrementa, & odorem pin<lb></lb>guis humidi: illo enim abundare ea, ſuperius <lb></lb>declaratum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013221">At fabæ & ipſæ eo abundant <lb></lb>inter legumina: indicio eſt generatio ani<lb></lb>malium in illis frequens. </s> <s id="s.013222">Ob id & piſa talia <lb></lb>erunt. </s> <s id="s.013223">Pleraque igitur, quod ſæpè dictum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1804"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>eſt incerta his, illis cognita cauſa fiunt. </s> <s id="s.013224">Ci<lb></lb>trea ſeu medica mala calore panis putreſ<lb></lb>cunt celerrimè, cum à multis longè calidio<lb></lb>ribus minùs lædantur. </s> <s id="s.013225">Calidum enim illud <lb></lb>cum humidum ſit, ſiccare nequit, & ob id <lb></lb>putrefacit. </s> <s id="s.013226">Ob id par eſt panis calorem om<lb></lb>nia ad putredinem iuuare: ſed ad hæc magis, <lb></lb>alia minus. </s> <s id="s.013227">Simili ratione quibuſdam admi<lb></lb>ratione dignum videtur, quòd rubea tincto<lb></lb>rum, ſeu Erythrodanum in manu detentum <lb></lb>vrinam tingat: neſcientibus, quòd canthari<lb></lb>des ſanguineam prouocant vrinam, & ardo<lb></lb>rem illius excitant, communi ſcilicet ratio<lb></lb>ne: quia à calore manus ad actum talia per<lb></lb>ducuntur: & vbi deducta fuerint, ab arteria<lb></lb>rum oſculis ad veſicam deducuntur. </s> <s id="s.013228">Præſta<lb></lb>bat igitur potius, quæ ex his ſequuntur in<lb></lb>quirere. </s> <s id="s.013229">Primum, quod cum tam faciliter <lb></lb>penetret medicamentum hoc partes tenuiſ<lb></lb>ſimas, illud habere neceſſarium eſt. </s> <s id="s.013230">Deinde, <lb></lb>cum veſicam petat, aliquid cum illius natu<lb></lb>ra habere commune. </s> <s id="s.013231">Quodque ſolùm ad il<lb></lb>lam permeet: ſi alij iungatur, facillimè vim <lb></lb>illorum ad veſicam, & intrò per vniuerſum <lb></lb>corpus deducere potuit. </s> <s id="s.013232">Talis perſcrutatio <lb></lb>præterquam quòd pulchra eſt, vtilis etiam <lb></lb>in multis erit </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013233"><margin.target id="marg1803"></margin.target>Creta non <lb></lb>alit animal <lb></lb>venenatum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013234">Ventriculo, <lb></lb>& inteſtinis <lb></lb>firmandis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013235">Fabæ aërem <lb></lb>vitiant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013236"><margin.target id="marg1804"></margin.target>Citrea pu<lb></lb>treſcunt pa<lb></lb>ne calido <lb></lb>ſuperimpoſi<lb></lb>to. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013237">Rubea tin<lb></lb>ctorum in <lb></lb>manibus <expan abbr="cõtenta">con<lb></lb>tenta</expan> cur <lb></lb>vrinam tin<lb></lb>gat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013238">Quorundam verò ſenſim vt procedam, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1805"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ratio obſcurior eſt: velut quòd animalia no<lb></lb>xia oleribus, arcentur aqua inſolationis <lb></lb>dierum decem cancrorum aut pagurorum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013239">Gallorum regis frater natu minor laborabat <lb></lb>vlcere peſſimo, prodigioſæque turpitudinis: <lb></lb>curatus eſt afflatu perpetuò pueri annum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1806"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>agentis duodecimum. </s> <s id="s.013240">Nec abſque ratione: <lb></lb>ſpiritus enim à corde impubis, ætate firma <lb></lb>tamen ſyncerus eſt, ac corruptos humores <lb></lb>emendare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.013241">Si cum lacertæ ſepo, ha<lb></lb>linitro, cyminoque farinam tritici miſcue<lb></lb>ris, gallinæ hoc cibo ſaginatæ, adeò pin<lb></lb>guefaciunt homines, qui eas ederint, vt diſ<lb></lb>rumpantur. </s> <s id="s.013242">Atque hæc quidem ſecundùm <lb></lb>naturam, ideóque frequentius vera. </s> <s id="s.013243">Aliud <lb></lb>autem eſt, frequentius vera eſſe, aliud ma<lb></lb>gis. </s> <s id="s.013244">Semper enim, quæ ſecundum naturam <lb></lb>ſunt, frequentius vera conſpiciuntur, at <lb></lb>non ſemper magis, vt de Herculeo lapide. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013245">A natura enim remotum dicitur, quod om<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1807"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ninò cauſas habet obſcuras: velut quòd ex <lb></lb>parte imminentis venti, cornu ac ſtercus bu<lb></lb>bali crematim tuetur ( vt dicunt ) plantas ac <lb></lb>ſata à rubigine. </s> <s id="s.013246">Verius illud noſtrum inuen<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1808"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tum: ozymi ſuccum ex ſemuncia epotum <lb></lb>cum medio croci ſcrupulo, mirum in mo-<pb pagenum="649" xlink:href="016/01/296.jpg"></pb>dum conferre anheloſis ac ſuſpirioſis. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013247"><margin.target id="marg1805"></margin.target>Aduerſus <lb></lb>crucas.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013248"><margin.target id="marg1806"></margin.target>Cura prodi<lb></lb>gioſa fratris <lb></lb>regis. </s> <s id="s.013249">Ad <lb></lb>impinguan<lb></lb>dum homi<lb></lb>nes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013250"><margin.target id="marg1807"></margin.target>Aduerſus <lb></lb>rubiginem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013251"><margin.target id="marg1808"></margin.target>Aduerſus <lb></lb>ſpirandi dif<lb></lb>ficultatem.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013252">Innumera in hoc genere referre poſſem, <lb></lb>quorum origo ignota parit admirationem, <lb></lb>nec ſolum in plantis, animalibus, homini<lb></lb>bus, ſed (vt dixi ) in regionibus, ſolo aquis, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1809"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tum operationibus. </s> <s id="s.013253">Iſchiæ dolor cum vehe<lb></lb>mentiſſimus ſit, perſæpè muſica curatur. </s> <s id="s.013254">An <lb></lb>quòd dolor hic hic, quum membrum non <lb></lb>afficiat principale, leniatur, tranſlatis aliò <lb></lb>ob delectationem ſpiritibus, inde vſu auer<lb></lb>titur à calore confirmato doloris cauſa? </s> <s id="s.013255">Co<lb></lb>lumbæ alliciuntur hoc paſtillo: maizi, ſeu <lb></lb>ſorgi libras 60. cymini libras ſex, mellis <lb></lb>10. coſti libram vnam, ſeminis viticis li<lb></lb>bras quinque, coquuntur omnia in aqua <lb></lb>ad illius conſumptionem, inde additur vi<lb></lb>ni odorati optimi quantum ſufficit cum li<lb></lb>bris 15. cæmenti vetuſti, & fit tumulus in <lb></lb>columbarij medio: columbæ aliæ cùm odo<lb></lb>rem ſenſerint, ad locum veniunt: ſentiunt <lb></lb>autem cùm ipſis commiſcentur indigenis <lb></lb>columbis: cùm ſemel adierint locum, re<lb></lb>linquere nequeunt, ſuauitate ciui allectæ. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1810"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013256"><margin.target id="marg1809"></margin.target>Iſchiæ do<lb></lb>lor cum mu <lb></lb>ſica quando<lb></lb>que ſanetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013257">Columbæ vt <lb></lb>ad columba<lb></lb>ria trahan<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013258"><margin.target id="marg1810"></margin.target>Veneficiis an <lb></lb>vis ad ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013259">De veneficiis maior eſt dubitatio, quæ <lb></lb>ſine eſca ( vt ita dicam ) fiunt. </s> <s id="s.013260">Erat apud <lb></lb>gentes quaſdam ſacrificium Molocho dæ<lb></lb>moni, quo cùm rex filium proprium im<lb></lb>molaſſet in muris, ne Iudæi vrbem cape<lb></lb>rent, prohibuit apud Romanos Hyſtero<lb></lb>potmi, id eſt, vtero naſcentium ſortem <lb></lb>ſubeuntes, quoniam pro eis tanquam mor<lb></lb>tuis ſacra diis manibus cùm abeſſent, per<lb></lb>acta forent. </s> <s id="s.013261">Et niſi per tegulas ingrede<lb></lb>rentur, vi vitam finiri credebantur. </s> <s id="s.013262">Huius <lb></lb>rei teſtis eſt Plutarchus in Problematibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013263">Idem refert. </s> <s id="s.013264">Acteium plebis tribunum, ad<lb></lb>uerſus M. </s> <s id="s.013265">Craſſum deuotiones ac diras pre<lb></lb>ces diis manibus profudiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013266">Apud Chri<lb></lb>ſtianos earum loco, quæ Craſſum perdi<lb></lb>diſſe creduntur, præcepta ſunt vallis Io<lb></lb>ſaphat, quibus publicè interdictum eſt, <lb></lb>his ad mortem cogi intra annum exiſtiman<lb></lb>tur rei, & qui debita negant, aut ob po<arrow.to.target n="marg1811"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tentiam cogi non poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.013267">Fiunt hæc in <lb></lb>agro vt intelligo Bergomenſi. </s> <s id="s.013268">Alij ab arte <lb></lb>implorarunt non à ſuperis auxilium: velut <lb></lb>qui collarium ex chalybe admantino cir<lb></lb>cundat collo debitoris, quod à nullo præ<lb></lb>terquam eo, qui impoſuit poteſt detrahi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013269">Annis ab hinc paucis periit ea fraude ci<lb></lb>uis noſter Zafaronus, à Vincentino credi<lb></lb>tore circumuentus, cùm anguſtius, quàm <lb></lb>voluerat, impoſuiſſet. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013270"><margin.target id="marg1811"></margin.target>Collarium <lb></lb>adaman<lb></lb>tium,</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013271">Sed ad veneficia reuertor. </s> <s id="s.013272">Quidam ce<lb></lb>reo in domo inimici accenſo, & tranſlato <lb></lb>in proximum templum, diris imprecatio<lb></lb>nibus vtuntur, qua arte periiſſe quondam <lb></lb>Gaſparem Vicomercatum patritium <expan abbr="noſtrũ">noſtrum</expan> <lb></lb>creditum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013273">Quid ego de his ſentiam, di<lb></lb>cam. </s> <s id="s.013274">Multum prodeſt ad veneficij vim ti<lb></lb>mor, aut ſpes eius, in quem vertitur, tum <lb></lb>eius qui facit, aut peragit conſtantia fidei: <lb></lb>tum ſi quid omninò præter verba addatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013275">Caſus ac fortuna. </s> <s id="s.013276">Demum occultum quod<lb></lb>dam eſt, quòd vnicuique proprium eſt <lb></lb>non ſolum ſpeciei, ſed etiam ſingularis <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1812"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>huius aut alterius viri. </s> <s id="s.013277">Inuenio nempe apud <lb></lb>Arianum fide dignum hiſtoricum in ſepti<lb></lb>mo de geſtis Alexandri, antequam Ale<lb></lb>xander è vita excederet, Pythagoram Apol<lb></lb>lodori fratrem, cùm iecur immolaſſet ſine <lb></lb>capite inuentum. </s> <s id="s.013278">Idem illi pro Hepheſtione <lb></lb>iam aduenerat ſacrificanti, & poſt pro <lb></lb>Perdicca atque Antigono: aliis verò pro <lb></lb>Cimone: quorum omnium mors ſtatim ſe<lb></lb>cuta eſt. </s> <s id="s.013279">Sed & Alexandrum à Chaldæis <lb></lb>monitum refert, ne Babylonem ingrede<lb></lb>retur, quòd ei fatalis eſſet. </s> <s id="s.013280">Vnde cùm ille <lb></lb>intraſſet, ſtatim exiſſe, foſſamque Euphra<lb></lb>tis Pollacopam conſideraſſe. </s> <s id="s.013281">Sunt tamen <lb></lb>qui dicant, illos fraude commentos hoc va<lb></lb>ticinium, quòd rei eſſent interceptæ pecu<lb></lb>niæ haud contemnendæ. </s> <s id="s.013282">Sunt etiam in no<lb></lb>bis veſtigia quædam futurorum euentuum <lb></lb>in vnguibus, atque etiam in dentibus. </s> <s id="s.013283">In <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1813"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quibuſdam euentus maculæ hæ oſtendunt, <lb></lb>in aliis ſolum ſpes inanes: ſed pro manus <lb></lb>natura, & digitorum in quibus fiunt, & <lb></lb>colorum, & mutatione earum In pollice <lb></lb>honores, & voluptates, in indice lucra, in <lb></lb>minimo circa parua negocia, in medio co<lb></lb>gitationes, & labores, in annulari di<lb></lb>gnitatem, nigræ quidem euertunt, & ca<lb></lb>lamitates nunciant, albæ felicitates, ma<lb></lb>gnæ magnas, & nitidæ manifeſtas, paruæ <lb></lb>paruas. </s> <s id="s.013284">Obſcuræ felicitates minuunt cala<lb></lb>mitates: quandoque etiam augent. </s> <s id="s.013285">In ſeni<lb></lb>bus, & minus efficacibus ſpes pro factis <lb></lb>pollicentur. </s> <s id="s.013286">Nigræ timores, non tamen <lb></lb>adeò frequenter inanes, vt albæ ſpes. </s> <s id="s.013287">Na<lb></lb>tura enim pronior humana ad malum, quàm <lb></lb>ad bonum. </s> <s id="s.013288">Et ætates, & morbi bona pro<lb></lb>hibere poſſunt, mala accerſunt. </s> <s id="s.013289">Semper ta<lb></lb>men vbi ſplendida radiauerit, plus aliquid <lb></lb>ſpe, aut timore præſtat: dextra quidem ex <lb></lb>induſtria, ſiniſtra ex fortuna, niſi quis ſini<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1814"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſtram habeat firmiorem. </s> <s id="s.013290">Tempus autem <lb></lb>initij cùm in radice vnguis apparent, effe<lb></lb>ctus autem quum ad ſummum peruenerint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013291">Intereſt & hoc inter ſpem, & timorem ac <lb></lb>effectum, quòd hæ quidem, vt magis pro<lb></lb>cedunt, eò magis nitent, & augentur, aliæ <lb></lb>minuuntur, & euaneſcunt. </s> <s id="s.013292">Tempus autem <lb></lb>mutationis totius partis vnguis, quæ vide<lb></lb>tur, eſt menſium trium vſque ad ſex: totius <lb></lb>autem difficilius eſt coniectari, ſed vt exi<lb></lb>ſtimo vſque ad annum pertingere poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013293">Dentium vero partis, eius ſcilicet, quæ è gin<lb></lb>giua prominet, mutatio fit ſeptemnio fermè: <lb></lb>totius autem fermè duodecim, aut parùm <lb></lb>minus. </s> <s id="s.013294">Sed hoc vt parum conſtat, ita pa<lb></lb>rum vtile eſt. </s> <s id="s.013295">Obſeruari & hoc in mulieri<lb></lb>bus, matre, filiáque. </s> <s id="s.013296">Mater S. veſtigium <lb></lb>habuit, filia tale O: candidum vtrumque <lb></lb>imò niueum: ab exitu è gingiua vſquequo <lb></lb>attrito dente euaneſceret, fluxêre anni cir<lb></lb>citer ſex tuncque nupta eſt illuſtri iuueni, <lb></lb>cùm ipſa pauper eſſet. </s> <s id="s.013297">In quibuſdam effe<lb></lb>ctus pollicentur, atque celerius, tardiuſve: vt <lb></lb>mater maritum conſecuta eſt nobiliorem, <lb></lb>filia ſpem ſolùm. </s> <s id="s.013298">Ex quibus manifeſtum <lb></lb>eſt, vnguium incrementum Lunæ deberi <lb></lb>manifeſtè, dentium autem Soli. </s> <s id="s.013299"><expan abbr="Quamobrẽ">Quamobrem</expan> <lb></lb>non ſuperſtirioſa eſt hæc obſeruatio. </s> <s id="s.013300">Ab <lb></lb>iiſdem enim cauſis, quibus nos, noſtraque <lb></lb>iuuantur, Sole ſcilicet, & Luna, ab iiſdem <lb></lb>fiunt, & veſtigia ipſa. </s> <s id="s.013301">Apparent autem ma<lb></lb>ximè his in partibus, quod ibi facilius im-<pb pagenum="650" xlink:href="016/01/297.jpg"></pb>primantur, propter illarum nitorem ac <expan abbr="perſ-picuitatẽ">perſ<lb></lb>picuitatem</expan>. </s> <s id="s.013302"><expan abbr="Certũ">Certum</expan> eſt enim, quòd quibus talia <lb></lb>eueniunt, his eft anima valde ſolers <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ſa<lb></lb>gax, vt de illis mulieribus <expan abbr="dictũ">dictum</expan> eſt. </s> <s id="s.013303">Nam <expan abbr="dẽ-tium">den<lb></lb>tium</expan> maculæ plus pollicetur, quo ad <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan>, <lb></lb>quia ad Solem referuntur, ſicut vnguium ad <lb></lb>fortunam, quia ad <expan abbr="Lunã">Lunam</expan>. </s> <s id="s.013304">Hoc mihi <expan abbr="obſeruã-ti">obſeruan<lb></lb>ti</expan> verius viſum eſt, quàm aliud augurij ge<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1815"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nus, ac non parùm profuit. </s> <s id="s.013305">Diuinatio enim <lb></lb>tantùm prodeſſe videtur, quantum per fa<lb></lb>tum licet. </s> <s id="s.013306">Fiunt & technæ non leues in hoc <lb></lb>genere: velut qui ouo inſcribunt, quæcun<lb></lb>que velint intus, quòd cortex ſi peruius, & <lb></lb>admittat colores. </s> <s id="s.013307">Gallas cum alumine tritas <lb></lb>aceto ſubige: inde inſcribe hoc liquore quod <lb></lb>velis cortici, & ſiccatum impone muriæ: <lb></lb>vel cera obline ouum, & inſcriptis literis <lb></lb>ſtylo vt cera dehiſcat, maneantque lituræ, <lb></lb>in quibus humor imponatur: ſiccum ouum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1816"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>coquito, donec dureſcat, inde acri aceto <lb></lb>infunde, ſic enim literæ fiunt penetrabiles, <lb></lb>quas cortice detracto videbis in ouo. </s> <s id="s.013308">Ace<lb></lb>tum enim mollit oui corticem, vt in angu<lb></lb>ſtum vrceum immitti poſſit, aqua verò du<lb></lb>reſcit. </s> <s id="s.013309">Horum duorum noſtrorum experi<lb></lb>mentorum ſi rationem ſubiecero, rem pri<lb></lb>mò tractatione ipſa dignam fecero, viam<lb></lb>que ad alia experimenta huius generis inue<lb></lb>nienda patefactam. </s> <s id="s.013310">Quòd enim cortex ace<lb></lb>ti vi molleſcat, id contingit, quia poros, vt <lb></lb>Græci dicunt, habet: ſudat enim, igitur <lb></lb>combibit illud. </s> <s id="s.013311">Acetum autem tenuis eſt <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ, igitur penetrat in illius ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam. </s> <s id="s.013312">Cùm verò oui cortex à frigido ſit con<lb></lb>cretus, & teneræ ſubſtantiæ, ab humido <lb></lb>diſſoluetur. </s> <s id="s.013313">At aqua ob immodicam frigidi<lb></lb>tatem exprimit, quod tenue eſt humidum <lb></lb>in ſubſtantia contentum, reliquum conge<lb></lb>lat: igitur cortex oui, qui aceto mollis eua<lb></lb>ſerat, in aqua dureſcit. </s> <s id="s.013314">Cùm igitur gallas <lb></lb>& alumen aceto ſubegeris, acetum vim <lb></lb>vtriuſque recipit, quamobrem ſcriptis li<lb></lb>teris acetum per meatus corticis penetrat <lb></lb>intus. </s> <s id="s.013315">In albo autem oui galla colorem ſub<lb></lb>croceum relinquit Sed alumen prohibet, ne <lb></lb>ab igne patiatur: color igitur adhærebit <lb></lb>vehementiùs vel ſi in muria ſiccetur: con<lb></lb>ſtans enim literarum forma fiet. </s> <s id="s.013316">Inde in <lb></lb>acri aceto infunditur, vel vt quòd muria <lb></lb>conditum eſt, transferat è cortice magis ad <lb></lb>oui candidum: vel ſi decoctum fuit in igne <lb></lb>reliquias in cortice manentes intus trahat: <lb></lb>ſiquidem aceti prima vi fit, vt in corticem <lb></lb>figura penetret, non vt omninò maior pars <lb></lb>vſque ad oui candidum, propter aceti pau<lb></lb>citatem. </s> <s id="s.013317">Secundò autem transfertur figura <lb></lb>ad albi oui ſuperficiem: omne enim quod <lb></lb>actus eſt particeps, imaginem recipit eius <lb></lb>quod actu eſt: & eam transfert, ſi non cor<lb></lb>rumpat. </s> <s id="s.013318">Figuræ actu ſunt iam per ignem <lb></lb>in cortice, & acetum actu eſt acre: diſſol<lb></lb>uit enim, vt demonſtratum eſt, oui corticem <lb></lb>abſque calore: defert igitur acetum litera<lb></lb>rum imaginem, & eas, quæ in cortice ſunt, <lb></lb>obliterat, vt non videantur. </s> <s id="s.013319">Vbi igitur cor<lb></lb>ticem detraxeris, vel denuò imprudenter <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1817"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>alius ouum coxerit, propter vim aluminis <lb></lb>retentis imaginibus, literæ detracto cortice <lb></lb>conſpicuæ apparebunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013320"><margin.target id="marg1812"></margin.target>Exempla va<lb></lb>ticiniorum <lb></lb>ex extis <lb></lb>egregia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013321"><margin.target id="marg1813"></margin.target>Vnguium <lb></lb>veſtigia <lb></lb>quid ſigni<lb></lb>ficent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013322"><margin.target id="marg1814"></margin.target>Vngues, & <lb></lb>dentes in <lb></lb>quanto tem<lb></lb>pore muten<lb></lb>tur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013323"><margin.target id="marg1815"></margin.target>Modus in<lb></lb>ſcribendi, <lb></lb>quæ velis in <lb></lb>ouo interiùs.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013324"><margin.target id="marg1816"></margin.target>Oua molleſ<lb></lb>cunt aceto <lb></lb>ſic, vt vrceis <lb></lb>includantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013325"><margin.target id="marg1817"></margin.target>Autor ad<lb></lb>monitus per <lb></lb>ſomnum, vt <lb></lb>libros con<lb></lb>ſcriberet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013326">Verùm his relictis ad veras viſiones re<lb></lb>deundum. </s> <s id="s.013327">Trium hæc ſunt generum, quæ<lb></lb>dam per ſomnum, quædam in ectaſi, quæ<lb></lb>dam in pura vigilia videntur Horum ſubii<lb></lb>ciam exempla. </s> <s id="s.013328">Per ſomnum non ſemel <lb></lb>admonitus ſum, vt hunc librum conſcri<lb></lb>berem, diuiſum quidem, vt mihi videba<lb></lb>tur in 21. partes: tractationes erant variæ, <lb></lb>& circa medium paucula geometrica. </s> <s id="s.013329">Inde <lb></lb>per totum variæ ac nouæ diſputationes ad<lb></lb>modum elegantes, & rebus veris: cando<lb></lb>re linguæ haud mediocri, cum quadam <lb></lb>grata obſcuritate: tum verò ob ſtyli conti<lb></lb>nuitatem, rationumque ſubtilitatem, res <lb></lb>mihi penè diuina videbatur, adeò vt per <lb></lb>ſomnum tanta perfunderer voluptate, vt pa<lb></lb>rem illi nunquam ſenſerim. </s> <s id="s.013330">Extra ſenſum <lb></lb>rapi videbar, & poſt ſomnum etiam memo<lb></lb>ria illius iucunditatis mirum in modum me <lb></lb>delectabat. </s> <s id="s.013331">Agnoui materiam, quæ de om<lb></lb>nibus tractaret, nomenque libri, notam te<lb></lb>nuem ac pulchram. </s> <s id="s.013332">Procul impreſſus liber <lb></lb>videbatur, paucaque in vrbe exemplaria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013333">Tria non conueniunt, nam alterius videba<lb></lb>tur ille liber, non meus: magnitudo quo<lb></lb>que longè maior, & ſtylus noſtro elegan<lb></lb>tior. </s> <s id="s.013334">Forſan hæc aliquando in melius muta<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1818"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>buntur, aut velut in ſpeculis contingit ea<lb></lb>dem videri, ſed diuerſa tamen ratione, ma<lb></lb>iora, pulchriora, ac mutata ſerie: vel quòd <lb></lb>ſomnium quædam augeat, alia minuat: do<lb></lb>lorum etenim, qui nondum inceperunt ſpe<lb></lb>ciem auget, morborum verò, qui nos iam <lb></lb>opprimunt minuit. </s> <s id="s.013335">Igitur cum ſæpè hoc <lb></lb>mihi contigiſſet, libellum quatuor primum <lb></lb>chartis incœpi: pòſt ad ſeptem vſque ſuper<lb></lb>auxi, inde vſque ad 35. nunquam interim <lb></lb>ceſſantibus imaginibus iiſdem, & iucundi<lb></lb>tate illa, quam legendo percipiebam in <lb></lb>ſomno: ſed eò rarius in ſomnium reuerte<lb></lb>batur, quò liber magis creſcebat. </s> <s id="s.013336">Auctus eſt <lb></lb>poſtmodum ad 57. chartas, demum ad 76. <lb></lb>tuncque primum adiecta tabula editus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013337">Cùm tamen dimidio minor videretur, quàm <lb></lb>is, qui mihi per ſomnum oſtenſus fuit, exi<lb></lb>ſtimaui aliàs ab aliquo alio abſoluendum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013338">Nam iam ter idem excuſſus erat, Norim<lb></lb>bergæ primum, inde Lugduni, demum Lu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1819"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tetiæ Pariſiorum. </s> <s id="s.013339">Cùm verò in Galeni di<lb></lb>ctum incidiſſem forte fortuna, quo libro<lb></lb>rum abſoluendorum methodus traditur, aſ<lb></lb>ſumpto iterum argumento tanquam de no<lb></lb>uo conficerem, illum ad methodi normam <lb></lb>aucto fermè tantundem quantus fuerat in <lb></lb>prima editione, perfeci, his propemodum <lb></lb>auxiliis adiutus, quæ in præcedenti libro <lb></lb>demum adieci. </s> <s id="s.013340">Conſtat enim auctio tota <lb></lb>chartis quinquaginta ſex, totus verò liber <lb></lb>132. Inde tabulis additis parùm, vt exiſti<lb></lb>mo, ab eo, quem per quietem vidi, omninò <lb></lb>differt. </s> <s id="s.013341">Sed neque augere illum poſſum <lb></lb>etiam ſi velim, primum quòd abſolutus ſit <lb></lb>ordo, deinde quod oporteret totum ipſum <lb></lb>ab initio reuoluere: quod mihi nunc pror<lb></lb>ſus non ſolum incommodum foret, ſed im<lb></lb>poſſibile. </s> <s id="s.013342">Si tamen illi ſubiungantur tres <lb></lb>libri de Rerum varietate, qui eiuſdem ſunt <lb></lb>argumenti, tunc omninò, & character, <lb></lb>& magnitudo, & locus figurarum mathe-<pb pagenum="651" xlink:href="016/01/298.jpg"></pb>maticarum, qui nunc non in medio eſt, ſed <lb></lb>in calce libri fermè ad vnguem ſomnio reſ<lb></lb>pondebunt. </s> <s id="s.013343">Nam Plinij de Naturali hiſto<lb></lb>ria magnitudine volumen, id quod per <lb></lb>quietem legebam, æquare videbatur. </s> <s id="s.013344">Por<lb></lb>rò in hac extrema emendatione abſumpti <lb></lb>ſunt menſes 37. vnus ſiquidem plus trien<lb></lb>nio. </s> <s id="s.013345">Tantum igitur poteſt ſomniorum vis <lb></lb>apud aliquos. </s> <s id="s.013346">Sed non hæc mihi ſomnia vi<lb></lb>dentur, ſed aliquid maius. </s> <s id="s.013347">Velut & illud, <lb></lb>quo ad ſcribendum hortatus ſum, cuius hi<lb></lb>ſtoriam à tergo ærearum noſtrarum imagi<lb></lb>num inſculpi feci. </s> <s id="s.013348">Et illud pro Alciati ami<lb></lb>ci noſtri mortem paucis antè diebus, quàm <lb></lb>obiret, vidi. </s> <s id="s.013349">Et quo in cœlo poſt obitum <lb></lb>viſus ſum eſſe, & quo libri de Rerum Va<lb></lb>rietate, mihi oſtenſi fuêre. </s> <s id="s.013350">Sed hæc noſtræ <lb></lb>genti propria ſunt, atque ab vtroque pa<lb></lb>rente hæreditario iure accepta. </s> <s id="s.013351">Nam pater <lb></lb>nocte præcedente, quam dies conſecutus <lb></lb>eſt, quod peſte correptus fuit, per ſomnium <lb></lb>monitus eſt, quòd luce ſuccedente peſtis <lb></lb>eum inuaderet. </s> <s id="s.013352">Nec ſeræ aut peſſuli ad vi<lb></lb>tandam ſomnij expectationem valuere. </s> <s id="s.013353">Et <lb></lb>mater cùm duos è ſex, me excepto, filios <lb></lb>ſuperſtites haberet, nocte ea, qua ægrota<lb></lb>re cœperunt antequam illi conquererentur, <lb></lb>ambos eripi ſibi, & ad cœleſtia regna per<lb></lb>uenire vidit: nec fruſtrato euentu, am<lb></lb>bo enim octaua à ſomnij, & morbi nocte, <lb></lb>cùm pueri eſſent, migrarunt in cœleſtes ſe<lb></lb>des. </s> <s id="s.013354">De ſomniis decem libros ſcripſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013355">Hæc ſolùm adiicere volui, vt homines ſci<lb></lb>rent eſſe aliquid in nobis præter nos. </s> <s id="s.013356">Dico <lb></lb>autem, in omnibus hominibus. </s> <s id="s.013357">Sed hos, <lb></lb>quia volunt, ad virtutes incitat, alios ad <lb></lb>cædes, & veneficia. </s> <s id="s.013358">Quid exiſtimas men<lb></lb>tem eſſe conſcelerati? </s> <s id="s.013359">an homo ibi ſolus eſt? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013360">an timores, odia, ſuſpiciones, iræ, & tor<lb></lb>menta animi, vt quum homo ſe in poteſta<lb></lb>tem dederit, ſui iuris eſſe non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013361">Sepe<lb></lb>liuntur in ſingulis ſemina, & germen aduer<lb></lb>ſæ factionis. </s> <s id="s.013362">Quamobrem excitari nemo ad <lb></lb>virtutem poterit, neque ſomniorum verita<lb></lb>tem experiri, qui quod in ſe eſt, præter ſe <lb></lb>obruit, atque ſepelit. </s> <s id="s.013363">Sunt enim factiones <lb></lb>tres, Dæmoniorum malorum, & lucis cla<lb></lb>ræ, & voluptatis. </s> <s id="s.013364">Et dæmoniorum ac lucis <lb></lb>magis inter ſe ſimiles, quam eorum, qui <lb></lb>quæſtui ſolùm inhiant: hi enim omninò à <lb></lb>carne, & corporeo amictu ortum habent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013365">Quamobrem & ſceleſtis hominibus ſomnia <lb></lb>vera, & futurorum prouidentia, & miran<lb></lb>da accidunt. </s> <s id="s.013366">Dæmon enim quòd corpore ca<lb></lb>reat, cum luce commune aliquid habet, alia <lb></lb>nihil prorſus. </s> <s id="s.013367">Scio quid mihi obiici poſſit, <lb></lb>quòd ſcilicet diuinus videri velim. </s> <s id="s.013368">Ita me <lb></lb>excordem putant, vt apud homines hoc <lb></lb>mihi potiùs, non vanitati aſcribendum eſſe <lb></lb>ſciam, quàm laudi? </s> <s id="s.013369">Verùm quæ vidi, quæ<lb></lb>que ſcio, vel maximo periculo propoſito, <lb></lb>tacere non poſſum. </s> <s id="s.013370">Auxilio non mihi paruo <lb></lb>eſt, quòd cùm Galeno eadem contigiſſent, <lb></lb>idem metus, eadem ſuſpicio, quam ipſe non <lb></lb>ignorare faſſus eſt, voluit tamen iuſſis pa<lb></lb>rêre, & quæ ſciebat non tegere famæ iactu<lb></lb>ra, quàm hominum gloriæ ſtudere. </s> <s id="s.013371">Qui non <lb></lb>eſt ex ouibus, non iudicet quantum referat <lb></lb>carnem non attingere. </s> <s id="s.013372">Quòd ſi forſan ex hoc <lb></lb>opinionem ſanctitatis quiſquam me quære<lb></lb>re ſuſpicetur, ſciat nullum inter veteres ma<lb></lb>gis conſtanter animorum noſtrorum interi<lb></lb>tum affirmaſſe, quàm Galenum, & nos pec<lb></lb>catores eſſe: quare aliò deducenda ratio ho<lb></lb>rum: vnde ad libros de Æternitatis arcanis, <lb></lb>& de Fato, hæc pertinent, non ad præſentem <lb></lb>diſputationem, neque illi propria ſunt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013373"><margin.target id="marg1818"></margin.target>Somnia quæ <lb></lb>augeant, vel <lb></lb>minuant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013374"><margin.target id="marg1819"></margin.target>Autor quo<lb></lb>modo librem <lb></lb>hunc abſol<lb></lb>uerit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013375">Illud verò proprium huic tractationi, cur <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1820"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſomnium tempus longius multò oſtendat, <lb></lb>quàm ſit: nam hora vna quandoque iuiſſe <lb></lb>ex Mediolano in vrbem quampiam viſus <lb></lb>ſum incognitam, quæ 300000. paſſuum <lb></lb>à Mediolano diſtabat. </s> <s id="s.013376">Atque interim vr<lb></lb>bem alias perluſtraſſe, tot montes, valles, <lb></lb>campos, vt vix ſex diebus hæc peragas: <lb></lb>videbárque ob id multum obdormiſſe, ſed <lb></lb>nolarum ſonus admonebat, neque per in<lb></lb>tegram horam nos naturæ ſatisfeciſſe. </s> <s id="s.013377">Cau<lb></lb>ſa eſt, quòd operationes perficiuntur abſ<lb></lb>que corporis labore, atque ideò promptiſ<lb></lb>ſimè: iudicium verò temporis æſtimatione <lb></lb>laboris corporei à ratione per ſomnum im<lb></lb>pedita ſumitur: quamobrem qui imaginan<lb></lb>tur hæc vigilantes, tempus non augent, <lb></lb>cùm agnoſcant non hæc tranſegiſſe verè, <lb></lb>ſed ſola mente, quæ celeriter omnia hæc po<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1821"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>teſt perficere, concepiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013378">Contraria ratio<lb></lb>ne tempus in ſomno contrahitur, cùm vel <lb></lb>non ſomniamus: aut pauca, atque ſine mo<lb></lb>tu: motus enim tempus eſt menſura. </s> <s id="s.013379">Sed <lb></lb>quid tempus eſt? </s> <s id="s.013380">cuius cùm nihil vnquam <lb></lb>ſit, omnia tamen in illo ſunt, & ſemper om<lb></lb>nibus aſſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.013381">Illud idem omnia generat, & <lb></lb>occidit, auctor vitæ ac mortis. </s> <s id="s.013382">Vtque illius <lb></lb>exſpectatio longiſſima, ita ſemper memoria <lb></lb>breuiſſima. </s> <s id="s.013383">Cúmque nos ſemper comitetur, <lb></lb>nunquam ipſum tamen agnoſcimus. </s> <s id="s.013384">Nec <lb></lb>cùm eius tanta fit copia, reparatio tamen vl<lb></lb>la conceditur: vnde fit, vt nullius alterius rei <lb></lb>iactura ſit maior, & vilior. </s> <s id="s.013385">Profuit mihi non <lb></lb>parùm hæc nouiſſe: ſed quædam horum illi <lb></lb>conueniunt, quædam verò his, quæ cum eo <lb></lb>ſunt coniunctiſſima. </s> <s id="s.013386">Nam tam longè proce<lb></lb>dere, quod nunquam ſit, admiratione ſatis <lb></lb>dignum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013387">Ergo nos non tempus, ſed quod <lb></lb>in eo fit, factúmque eſt, atque manet, com<lb></lb>prehendimus. </s> <s id="s.013388">Tempus verò ipſum per ſe eſt <lb></lb>ſenſui ignotum: nam imaginatione conſtat, <lb></lb>quod à nobis cognoſcitur. </s> <s id="s.013389">Ergo non ſolùm <lb></lb>ſomniis mira referuntur, ſed etiam vigilia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013390">Atque hæc quidem triplex: alia media, vt <lb></lb>in ectaſi. </s> <s id="s.013391">Contigit quandoque Andreæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1822"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Oſiandro, viro in omni genere linguarum <lb></lb>eruditiſſimo, Norimbergenſi, Theologó<lb></lb>que, amico noſtro, vt ille nobis aliàs per <lb></lb>Epiſtolam ſignificauit, quod cùm eſſet ado<lb></lb>leſcens, quartanáque laboraret, ſub ipſius ac<lb></lb>ceſſionis tempore videbatur in nemore eſſe, <lb></lb>atque à feris ac ſerpentibus diuerſi gene<lb></lb>ris expeti, quod illi erat acerbiſſimum, nec <lb></lb>ab vllo poterat perſuaderi, vel quòd in do<lb></lb>mo eſſet, vel quòd hæc ipſa imaginaretur <lb></lb>falsò. </s> <s id="s.013392">Verùm cùm pater accederet, illicò <lb></lb>menti priſtinæ reſtituebatur, agnoſcebát que <lb></lb>domum, cubiculum, amicóſque aſſiſtentes <lb></lb>abſque vlla formidine. </s> <s id="s.013393">Sed recedente pa<lb></lb>tre, denuò ſpecies illa obuerſabatur in oculis, <lb></lb><expan abbr="redibántq;">redibántque</expan> imagines omnes, <expan abbr="perſeuerauitq;">perſeuerauitque</expan> <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1823"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>hoc <expan abbr="malũ">malum</expan>, donec & febris, quę diu <expan abbr="illũ">illum</expan> afflixit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013394"><margin.target id="marg1820"></margin.target>Somnium <lb></lb>quomodo lon<lb></lb>gius tempus, <lb></lb>quàm ſit, <lb></lb>oſtendat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013395"><margin.target id="marg1821"></margin.target>Tempus quid <lb></lb>ſit, & <expan abbr="quinq;">quinque</expan> <lb></lb>illius pul<lb></lb>cherrima <lb></lb>quæſita.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013396"><margin.target id="marg1822"></margin.target>Andreæ O<lb></lb>ſiandri mira <lb></lb>hiſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013397"><margin.target id="marg1823"></margin.target>Eremitarum <lb></lb>illuſiones <lb></lb>vnde.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013398">Similia hæc prorſus exiſtimo his, quæ <pb pagenum="652" xlink:href="016/01/299.jpg"></pb>videbantur eremum incolentibus olim ma<lb></lb>gna ex parte: nam quædam à Deo aut dæ<lb></lb>monibus immitti non nego ſanctis viris, quę <lb></lb>aut dæmonas, aut Deum tum referebant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013399">Nam neque cùm multis aliis accidant hæc, <lb></lb>ad Deum, aut dæmonas transferre licet, præ<lb></lb>ſertim cùm dicant poſſe eos per imaginatio<lb></lb>nem repreſentare, etiam nobis inuitis, om<lb></lb>nia, quæ velint: neque tot probos, quique to<lb></lb>tam vitam tam aſperis laboribus ac ſolitu<lb></lb>dini deuorauerunt, mentiri tam parua de <lb></lb>cauſa crediderim. </s> <s id="s.013400">Sed ſolitudo ipſa, ménſque <lb></lb>ægra laboribus ac ieiuniis, tum tempera<lb></lb>tura cibis mutata agreſtibus, quod hu<lb></lb>mor poterat in illo melancholicus, repreſen<lb></lb>tabant. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1824"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013401"><margin.target id="marg1824"></margin.target>Authoris hi<lb></lb>ſtoria mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013402">Secundum vigiliæ genus eſt, in quo ſola <lb></lb>operatio læditur, vis tamen animæ manet, <lb></lb>cuiuſmodi fuiſſe, quod mihi perpetuo trien<lb></lb>nio contigiſſe memini. </s> <s id="s.013403">Id fuit ab anno <lb></lb>quarto ad ſeptimum vſque ab hora enim <lb></lb>diei ſecunda ad quartam ſemper, aut ſi mo<lb></lb>dò tardiùs, aut ſurgerem, aut expergiſce<lb></lb>rer, imagines videbam ab imo lecti, quaſi <lb></lb>è paruis annulis, aëriſque conſtantes, arbo<lb></lb>rum, belluarum, hominum, oppidorum, <lb></lb>inſtructarum, acierum, bellicorum ac muſi<lb></lb>corum inſtrumentorum, aliorúmque huiuſce <lb></lb>generis aſcendentes, viciſſimque deſcenden<lb></lb>tes, aliis atque aliis ſuccedentibus. </s> <s id="s.013404">Cúmque <lb></lb>his maximè puerulus exiſtens oblectarer, ob <lb></lb>idque intentus inſpicerem, Clara mater, & <lb></lb>Margareta amita diligenter aliquando inter<lb></lb>rogarunt, num aliquid viderem? </s> <s id="s.013405">At ego <lb></lb>quanquam paruulus non ignorabam hoc eſſe <lb></lb>oſtentum quoddam, ob idque conſtanter <lb></lb>negabam: timens ne ſi reuelaſſem ſpectrum <lb></lb>me deſtitueret, aut mali mihi quicquam con<lb></lb>tingeret ob arcanum reſeratum. </s> <s id="s.013406">Non ignoro <lb></lb>has imagines ad ſubtilitatem ſenſus tan<lb></lb>quam cauſam, à Galeno referri: ſed non <lb></lb>has tamen, quæ quandiu perſeuerarent, cer<lb></lb>tóque ordine recurrerent, & formas tam ab<lb></lb>ſolutas oſtenderent. </s> <s id="s.013407">Sed cauſam ex Auerroë <lb></lb>nunc oſtendam: nam expleto ſeptennio, do<lb></lb>móque ſimul mutata, talia mihi apparere <arrow.to.target n="marg1825"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>omninò deſierunt. </s> <s id="s.013408">Pulcherrimè igitur mihi <lb></lb>in Collectaneis Auerroës cauſam reddere <lb></lb>viſus eſt, dicens: Cùm ſpiritus imaginatio<lb></lb>ni ſeruiens, formas imaginando exceperit, <lb></lb>ſoni aut qualitatis cuiuſpiam, quo odore aut <lb></lb>tactu dignoſcatur, aut mortui vel dæmonis, <lb></lb>illáque imbutus transferatur ad ſenſum, qui <lb></lb>in actioni correſpondet, in odoribus qui<lb></lb>dem ad inſtrumentum proprium olfactus, in <lb></lb>auditu ad aures, in ſpectris ad oculos, ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò olfaciet, aut audiet, aut videbit <lb></lb>nullo aſſiſtente obiecto: nam ſi viſio nihil <lb></lb>aliud eſt, quàm ſpeciei in ſpiritu in cryſtal<lb></lb>loide perceptio, ſeu ſpecies illa ab obiecto <lb></lb>decidatur, ſeu non, patet quotieſcunque <lb></lb>contigerit hoc, illum videre verè. </s> <s id="s.013409">Atque ita <lb></lb>vigilando contigit dæmones ac mortuos vi<lb></lb>dere, tum etiam cognitorum audire voces, <lb></lb>odoréſque ſentire, ac tangere, velut in ſuc<lb></lb>cubis, incubiſque. </s> <s id="s.013410">Ob id verò rariùs iſta vi<lb></lb>dentur, quàm audiantur, tangantúrve: quo<lb></lb>niam in cæteris ſenſibus cùm vnicam ſuffi<lb></lb>ciat obſeruaſſe differentiam, vnicus ſpiritus <lb></lb>tranſlatus ad ſenſum cum illa imagine hoc <lb></lb>referre poteſt, in oculis cùm plures ſint dif<lb></lb>ferentiæ neceſſariæ, magnitudo, forma, <lb></lb>calor, plures ſpiritus transferri neceſſarium <lb></lb>eſt: ob id etiam natura cauos fecit neruos, <lb></lb>qui ad oculum feruntur, ſolóſque tales, quòd <lb></lb>ipſi in ſuis operationibus longè pluribus in<lb></lb>digeant ſpiritibus: multóque etiam ob id <lb></lb>plus fatigamur intentè intuendo, quàm vl<lb></lb>lum aliorum ſenſuum exercendo. </s> <s id="s.013411">Hinc igi<lb></lb>tur multorum problematum ſolutio contin<lb></lb>git, quæ cùm veriſſima ſint, tamen adeò <lb></lb>fatigarunt pleróſque, vt ad miracula trans<lb></lb>ferre, alij ad dæmonas, alij negare non du<lb></lb>bitarint. </s> <s id="s.013412">Velut quòd in Iſlandia inſula vltra <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1826"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Britannos, & iuxta Noruegiam, ſeu illa <lb></lb>ſit Thyle, ſeu alia, nunc non laboro, mor<lb></lb>tuos domeſticos videre ſe, ac amplecti arbi<lb></lb>trentur, & inter amplexus illos euaneſce<lb></lb>re affirmant. </s> <s id="s.013413">Ea igitur inſula bitumine to<lb></lb>ta ſcatet, hominéſque etiam nunc pomis, <lb></lb>radicibúſque, farináque piſcium, aquáque <lb></lb>viuunt, quòd cùm in glaciali mari poſita <lb></lb>ſit, ob immenſum frigus non ſegetes, mul<lb></lb>tóque minus vinum ſuſtinere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013414">Vnde <lb></lb>ſpiritus propter victum, aër ob ſolum, & <lb></lb>frigus, craſſiſſimi fiunt. </s> <s id="s.013415">Ob aëris igitur ſpiſ<lb></lb>ſitatem, & vapores frigore concretos, ima<lb></lb>gines non ſecùs, quàm in nubibus oberrant: <lb></lb>quas errore, timoréque ac cogitatione con<lb></lb>ceptas, ſpiritus denſus, & terreus eouſque <lb></lb>retinet, donec ad inſtrumentum ſenſus defe<lb></lb>ratur. </s> <s id="s.013416">Inde videri, & alloqui ſibi eas per<lb></lb>ſuadent. </s> <s id="s.013417">Notos autem, & mortuos ob id vi<lb></lb>dere arbitrantur, quòd viuos ſciant ibi non <lb></lb>eſſe, tum quia in amplexu euaneſcunt: ig<lb></lb>notam autem figuram, vt Chimeræ, vel Hip<lb></lb>pocentauri, nemo in nubibus ſibi finxit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013418">Omnis enim tranſlatio ad cognita fit. </s> <s id="s.013419">Ve<lb></lb>rùm cur ad Heclam montem ſpectra illa ire <lb></lb>ſe reſpondent? </s> <s id="s.013420">Eſt Hecla mons in ea inſula, <lb></lb>ardétque non aliter, quàm Ætna in Sicilia <lb></lb>per interualla. </s> <s id="s.013421">Ideò perſuaſione longa con<lb></lb>cepta, quòd ibi expientur animæ, alij ne <lb></lb>vani ſint affingunt inania fabulæ, vt conſo<lb></lb>na videatur. </s> <s id="s.013422">Nec in Iſlandia ſolùm, ſed vbi<lb></lb>que, licet rarò: talia quæ ibi frequenter <lb></lb>euenire ſolent, contingunt. </s> <s id="s.013423">Efferebatur an<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1827"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>no præterito funus viri plebeij Mediolani <lb></lb>Orientali in porta iuxta templum maius fo<lb></lb>ro venali, quod à caulium frequentia nomen <lb></lb>Caulis noſtra lingua ſonat. </s> <s id="s.013424">Occurrit mihi <lb></lb>notus, peto, vt medicorum moris eſt, quo <lb></lb>morbo exceſſerit. </s> <s id="s.013425">Reſpondet ille, conſueſ<lb></lb>ſe hunc virum hora noctis tertia à labore <lb></lb>redire domum. </s> <s id="s.013426">Vidit lemurem nocte qua<lb></lb>dam inſequentem, quam cùm effugere co<lb></lb>naretur, ocyus citato pede abibat: ſed à ſpe<lb></lb>ctro captus, atque in terram proiectus vi<lb></lb>debatur: exclamare nitebatur, non poterat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013427">Tandem cùm diu in terra cum larua voluta<lb></lb>tus eſſet, inuentus à prætereuntibus qui<lb></lb>buſdam, ſemiuiuus domum relatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.013428">Cùm <lb></lb>reſipuiſſet, interrogatus, hæc quæ minùs <lb></lb>exſpectabantur, retulit. </s> <s id="s.013429">Ob id animam de<lb></lb>ſpondens, cum nec ab amicis, nec medicis, <lb></lb>nec ſacerdotibus perſuadere potuiſſet, ina<lb></lb>nia eſſe hæc, octo in diebus periit. </s> <s id="s.013430">Audi<lb></lb>ui poſtmodum & ab aliis, qui vicini eſſent <lb></lb>illi neminem ab inimico vulneratum, <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> con<lb></lb>ſtanter de illo teſtatum, vt hic, quòd à mortuo <pb pagenum="653" xlink:href="016/01/300.jpg"></pb>fuiſſet in terram prouolutus. </s> <s id="s.013431">Cùm quidam <lb></lb>quærerent, quid ille poſtquam in terram <lb></lb>volutarentur, ageret? </s> <s id="s.013432">conatum, inquit, mor<lb></lb>tuum, adhibitis gulæ manibus, vt eum ſtran<lb></lb>gularet. </s> <s id="s.013433">Nec obſtitiſſe quicquam, niſi quòd <lb></lb>ſeipſum tueretur manibus. </s> <s id="s.013434">Cùm alij dubita<lb></lb>rent, ne fortè hæc à viuo paſſus eſſet, interro<lb></lb>garéntque, in quo mortuum à viuente ſecer<lb></lb>nere potuiſſet, <expan abbr="causã">causam</expan> reddidit ſatis probabi<lb></lb>lem, dicens, ſe tanquam cottum attrectaſſe, <lb></lb>nec pondus habuiſſe, niſi vt premebatur. </s> <s id="s.013435">Or<lb></lb>bis magnus eſt, & æuum longum, & error ac <lb></lb>timor multum in hominibus poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.013436">Eadem <lb></lb>verò ratione, qua in Iſlandia, in arenæ ſoli<lb></lb>tudinibus Ægypti, & Æthiopiæ, Indiæque, <lb></lb>vbi Sol ardet, eædem imagines, eadem ſpe<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1828"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ctra viatores ludificare ſolent. </s> <s id="s.013437">Plurimos no<lb></lb>ui, quibus talia contigêre, ſed ſuo loco deſ<lb></lb>cripſi. </s> <s id="s.013438">Simili quoque ratione, & mulieres, <lb></lb>quas ſtrigas vulgus vocat, inaudita, & inuiſa <lb></lb>agitant etiam in vigilia. </s> <s id="s.013439">Nam caſtaneis, & <lb></lb>radicibus, aquáque veſcuntur, & vallium lo<lb></lb>ca vbi aër turbulentiſſimus eſt, inhabitant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013440">eiuſdem generis eſt, quod Ariſtoteles refert, <lb></lb>quoſdam quòd alios ſuſpendi vidiſſent ani<lb></lb>mo defeciſſe. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1829"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013441"><margin.target id="marg1825"></margin.target>Mortui ac <lb></lb>dæmones na<lb></lb>turaliter vi<lb></lb>deri poſſunt, <lb></lb>& quòmodo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013442"><margin.target id="marg1826"></margin.target>Iſlandici cur <lb></lb>mortuos vi<lb></lb>deant.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013443"><margin.target id="marg1827"></margin.target>Quidam à <lb></lb>mortuo ſe <lb></lb>oppreſſum <lb></lb>exiſtimans <lb></lb>moritur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013444"><margin.target id="marg1828"></margin.target><expan abbr="Strigarũ">Strigarum</expan> ſeu <lb></lb>lamiarum <lb></lb>ludibria vn<lb></lb>de. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013445">Septima, <lb></lb>problem. </s> <s id="s.013446">5.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013447"><margin.target id="marg1829"></margin.target>Mortuos vi<lb></lb>dere cum de<lb></lb>lirio in infir<lb></lb>mis cur mor<lb></lb>te ſignificet.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013448">Ex his igitur apparet, cur in infirmis le<lb></lb>thale ſit ſignum, ſi cum delirio etiam mor<lb></lb>tuos videant. </s> <s id="s.013449">Nam tam validam eſſe indicat <lb></lb>imaginationem, vt ad oculum etiam tranſla<lb></lb>tus ſpiritus eam retineat, quam ab imagina<lb></lb>tione conceperat ſpeciem. </s> <s id="s.013450">At id contingere <lb></lb>non poteſt, niſi vel per ſomnum ſilentibus <lb></lb>ſenſibus, aut ob morbum nimium illis debi<lb></lb>litatis, aut ob robuſtam cogitationem, vim<lb></lb>que imaginandi. </s> <s id="s.013451">Cùm igitur nec dormiant, <lb></lb>nec intentè ob debilitatem poſſint imagina<lb></lb>ri, relinquitur, vt quod ſolum eſt, dicamus, <lb></lb>iam totam virtutem ſenſitiuam ob imbecil<lb></lb>litatem iacere ocioſam. </s> <s id="s.013452">Hoc autem ille idem <lb></lb>alibi mortem præſentem ſignificare docuit <lb></lb>hac ſententia, dicens: Cùm æger non videt, <lb></lb>aut non audit, debili virtute, iam mors proxi<lb></lb>ma eſt. </s> <s id="s.013453">Aliud etiam eſt præſentis narrationis <lb></lb>argumentum, quòd fortes viri rarò, vel nun<lb></lb>quam ſpecta vident: quòd ipſi ob timorem <lb></lb>minimè adeò hæc trepida imaginentur: nam <lb></lb>ſolet timor, omnibus aliis affectibus firmas <lb></lb>imagines in nobis efficere: pòſt, amor. </s> <s id="s.013454">Vnde <lb></lb>timentium primò hæc ſunt priuilegia, pòſt <lb></lb>verò amantium. </s> <s id="s.013455">At vident anthropophagi <lb></lb>fortiſſimi homines nocturna monſtra? </s> <s id="s.013456">Vi<lb></lb>tium eſt regionum ac crudelitatis inanis, <lb></lb>cum & alij ibi, qui ab hominum iniuria ab<lb></lb>ſtinent, talia videant. </s> <s id="s.013457">Verùm Scythæ, apud <lb></lb>quos homines occidere ſacrificium eſt, cùm <lb></lb>fortes natura ſint ac inſtitutis, neque mor<lb></lb>tuos, neque lemures vident. </s> <s id="s.013458">Similiter nec la<lb></lb>trones. </s> <s id="s.013459">Nam mala hæc non natura, talia eſſe <lb></lb>videntur, cùm piſces alios ſui generis edant, <lb></lb>tum mures, aliáque animalia, ſeu iure gen<lb></lb>tium. </s> <s id="s.013460">Quòd & ſi natura hæc mala conſta<lb></lb>rent, id eſt, aduerſus naturæ leges, cum nihil <lb></lb>à morte ſuperſit præter intellectum, intelle<lb></lb>ctus autem non poſſit ciere motum, non po<lb></lb>terunt mortui imagines aliquas oſtendere, <lb></lb>neque viuentibus terrorem incutere. <arrow.to.target n="marg1830"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013461"><margin.target id="marg1830"></margin.target>Echo quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013462">Tertium vigiliæ genus purum eſt ac ſyn<lb></lb>cerum, in quo tamen multis modis mira vi<lb></lb>dere contingit; velut cùm echo reſonat, tum <lb></lb>maximè multiplex contingit, vt quandoque <lb></lb>ſepties voces reddat. </s> <s id="s.013463">Noctu id mirum in mo<lb></lb>dum, & niſi vulgata res eſſet, quemcunque <lb></lb>poſſet perterrefacere, adeò voces perſpicuas <lb></lb>ac tardè quandoque reddit. </s> <s id="s.013464">Cauſa eſt aër, <lb></lb>qui à planis repercutitur, cauiſque: non enim <lb></lb>niſi antra ſint aut muri reſonat: reſonat au<lb></lb>tem ex vetuſtis, & magis procul quàm pro<lb></lb>pè. </s> <s id="s.013465">Elidi vocem in echo neceſſe eſt, ac plano <lb></lb>intermedio referri. </s> <s id="s.013466">Et ſublimi loco, & dire<lb></lb>cto melius redditur. </s> <s id="s.013467">Si nocte, & aura adeò <lb></lb>clarè reſonat, vt quidam amicus noſter cùm <lb></lb>iter ageret iuxta flumen, nec vadum ſciret, <arrow.to.target n="marg1831"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>exclamare cœpit, oh? </s> <s id="s.013468">Forſan echo ibi ade<lb></lb>rat, audit oh? </s> <s id="s.013469">Ille exiſtimans hominem eſſe, <lb></lb>interrogat, vbi locus eſt, quò poſſim tranſire? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013470">audit, tranſire? </s> <s id="s.013471">Sed melius lingua Italica res <lb></lb>reſpondet. </s> <s id="s.013472">Vnde debo paſsà? </s> <s id="s.013473">Paſsà? </s> <s id="s.013474">Tum ille, <lb></lb>qui, qui, id eſt, hîc, hîc. </s> <s id="s.013475">At vbi gurges erat, & <lb></lb>aquæ mirum in modum ſtrepebant: vnde ille <lb></lb>territus <expan abbr="iterũ">iterum</expan> interrogat Italicè, Debo paſsà <lb></lb>qui? </s> <s id="s.013476">Echo reſpondet. </s> <s id="s.013477">Paſsà qui. </s> <s id="s.013478">Cùm ſæpiùs <lb></lb>interrogaret, his verbis reſpondebat. </s> <s id="s.013479">Poſitus <lb></lb>amicus inter metum, & neceſſitatem ac ad<lb></lb>mirationem, cùm iter facere cogeretur, nox <lb></lb>obſcura eſſet, illum vt rebatur ſuadentem <lb></lb>tranſire audiret, qua maximè fluctuabat tor<lb></lb>rens, non adnimaduertens ex accentu echo <lb></lb>eſſe: nam cùm diceret, Debo paſsà, accentu <lb></lb>graui profertur: ſi homo reſpondiſſet, acuto <lb></lb>cum accentu reſpondiſſet ſic, Páſſa: ſed echo <lb></lb>vt erat, graui referebat, quod acceperat. </s> <s id="s.013480">Vn<lb></lb>de cùm nox intempeſta eſſet, reuertitur Au<lb></lb>guſtinus Lauizarius Comenſis, hoc enim illi <lb></lb>nomen, hæc patria amico noſtro fuit, qui à <lb></lb>ſecretis erat Principis, & à libellis ſenatus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013481">Cùm verò poſt aliquot dies mihi adoleſcen<lb></lb>ti narraret, ſe fermè à dæmone in torrentem <lb></lb>perſuaſione præcipitatum, ego diligentiùs <lb></lb>modum inquirere cœpi, agnoſcens hominis <lb></lb>ſynceritatem, & integritatem, <expan abbr="tãdem">tandem</expan> depre<lb></lb>hendi echo fuiſſe, à qua inter æſtus multos <lb></lb>animi, magno cum periculo fuiſſet deceptus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013482">Igitur cùm multæ ſint, nullibi tamen fre<lb></lb>quentiores, aut clariùs quàm Papiæ. </s> <s id="s.013483">Sed è <lb></lb>pluribus duas illuſtriores narrare ſufficiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013484">Quarum altera eſt iuxta ædem ſacram beati <lb></lb>Pauli extra muros, quæ ſimul cum ipſa voce <lb></lb>exauditur. </s> <s id="s.013485">Nam in tribus probatur echo, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1832"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quòd ſubitò reſpondeat, quòd longam <expan abbr="ſeriẽ">ſeriem</expan> <lb></lb>verborum referat ac perfectè, & quòd <expan abbr="eadẽ">eadem</expan> <lb></lb>ſæpiùs remittente ſono repetat. </s> <s id="s.013486">Primam ſyl<lb></lb>labam plerunque omittit, quòd à ſucceden<lb></lb>tium ſono obtundatur: ita fit, vt contraria ra<lb></lb>tione vltima optimè audiatur. </s> <s id="s.013487">Directè exa<lb></lb>ctiſſima eliditur, vnde non omnes ex eodem <lb></lb>loco excipiunt. </s> <s id="s.013488">Nec nimis propè, quoniam <lb></lb>adeò celeriter recurrens obſcuratur à vera <lb></lb>voce, cuius eſt imago. </s> <s id="s.013489">Nec concluſo loco, ob <lb></lb>motus aëris confuſionem. </s> <s id="s.013490">Melius à vetuſtis <lb></lb>muris, non ſolùm ob ſiccitatem, ſed etiam <lb></lb>propter aërem in eis contentum. </s> <s id="s.013491">Nam con<lb></lb>tentus aër tympani imaginem refert. </s> <s id="s.013492">Et ſic<lb></lb>citas ſono idem eſt, quòd lumini, & ima<lb></lb>ginibus ſpeculorum nitor. </s> <s id="s.013493">Hæc igitur clari<lb></lb>tate vocis, & celeritate reſponſi adeò admi<lb></lb>rabilis eſt, vt qui eam audierit, deſinat admi<lb></lb>rari, quòd amicus noſter ſe à dæmone ludi<lb></lb>ficari exiſtimauerit. </s> <s id="s.013494">Redditur à fruſto anti<lb></lb>qui muri palmorum circiter viginti longi-<pb pagenum="654" xlink:href="016/01/301.jpg"></pb>tudinis pauloque minùs altitudinis. </s> <s id="s.013495">Reſonat <lb></lb>alia ex obliquo ibidem à muro ſepti fera<lb></lb>rum, quem vocant Barcum, quam pulſante <lb></lb>cornu obſeruaui decem diſtinctas voces re<lb></lb>ferre. </s> <s id="s.013496">Ita nihil perfectum vndequaque eſſe <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.013497">Prima referebat aptè, perfectéque ac <lb></lb>ſtatim, ſed non plura neque ſæpiùs: hæc plu<lb></lb>ra, ſed non ſæpiùs, aut adeò promptè reddit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013498">Tertia multiplex eſt, & in eadem vrbe, quam <lb></lb>Ticinum alij à Ticino vocant, in baſilica ma<lb></lb>gna, vocant Salam Itali, quæ iuxta arcem ci<lb></lb>uitatis ex oſtio toties remittit voces, vt nu<lb></lb>merare nequeas: quandoque decimatertia <lb></lb>vox exauditur: aderant teſtes multi, & inter <lb></lb>cæteros medicæ artis profeſſor egregius, <lb></lb>Melchior Malheuſer Germanus, noſter diſ<lb></lb>cipulus. </s> <s id="s.013499">Credidiſſes ab aliquo reſponderi, aut <lb></lb>deludi: emoriuntur ſenſim voces ac deſinunt: <lb></lb>vnde mirum in modum Ahime, quod ſonat <lb></lb>Latinè heu, refertur, velut morientis ac defi<lb></lb>cientis vox. </s> <s id="s.013500">Quadrata hæc eſt ædes, & fene<lb></lb>ſtris patulis pluribus, in ſuperiore parte à la<lb></lb>teribus illuminatur. </s> <s id="s.013501">Cæterum frons, & pa<lb></lb>ries ex aduerſo poſitus integri ſunt, niſi quòd <lb></lb>in fronte oſtium adeſt longitudo pedes cir<lb></lb>citer 100. latitudo 25. fermè, altitudo (vr reor) <lb></lb>latitudine dimidio maior, eſt enim excelſa: <lb></lb>quam diligentiùs deſcribere placuit, vt ſci<lb></lb>rent quicunque velint, vnde ratio excogitan<lb></lb>da, exemplúmque petendum. </s> <s id="s.013502">Reſonat & <lb></lb>multiplex vox, ſi iuxta parietem alterum ex <lb></lb>aduerſo oſtij ſteteris, videtúrque ex ſublimi <lb></lb>tunc oſtij parte reddi. </s> <s id="s.013503">Itaque ex vtroque la<lb></lb>tere, & maximè extra oſtium ipſum ſtantibus <lb></lb>vox reſonat, in medio nequaquam. </s> <s id="s.013504">Vnde ne<lb></lb>mo dubitare poteſt, vel dæmonem eſſe, aut <lb></lb>ſycophantiam. </s> <s id="s.013505">Nam vix echo credi poteſt, <lb></lb>adeò clarè, adeò expeditè, adeò ſæpè ac ordi<lb></lb>ne certo voces omnes exaudiuntur. </s> <s id="s.013506">Accepi <lb></lb>ab aſtantibus: olim ante oſtium, fornicem <lb></lb>porticus è regione poſitam fuiſſe, cuius etiam <lb></lb>magna pars ſupereſt. </s> <s id="s.013507">Multóque melius ſoli<lb></lb>tas reddi voces ſtantibus extra oſtium, ſub <lb></lb>fornice, locupletiúſque ac maiore fœtore, vt <lb></lb>quæ tricies quandoque reſonarent. </s> <s id="s.013508">Certum <lb></lb>eſt, vt celeriùs profertur, maioréque ac con<lb></lb>citatiore voce, ita clarius ac frequentius red<lb></lb>di. </s> <s id="s.013509">Contingit autem hoc illi non ſecùs, ac in <lb></lb>multiplici imaginum reflexione. </s> <s id="s.013510">Ob id refle<lb></lb>xa echo dici poteſt: quanquam obſcurior ſit <lb></lb>illius ratio. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013511"><margin.target id="marg1831"></margin.target>Auguſtini <lb></lb>Lauizarij <lb></lb>Comëlis ab <lb></lb>echo decepti <lb></lb>hiſtoria mi<lb></lb>ra,</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013512"><margin.target id="marg1832"></margin.target>Echo perfe<lb></lb>ctæ, conditio<lb></lb>nes.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013513">Sic & alia nos, ſed alio modo, decipere ſo<lb></lb>lent. </s> <s id="s.013514">Si enim echo, ſpeculáque res eſſent ra<lb></lb>ræ, quis non admiretur, cùm non minùs hæc <lb></lb>digna ſint aliis, quæ rarò accidunt admiratio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1833"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne? </s> <s id="s.013515">Sed raritas ſola, admirationem parere ſo<lb></lb>let. </s> <s id="s.013516">Infantem loqui, etſi nuper natum natu<lb></lb>rale eſt, & tamen pro oſtento, quod rarum <lb></lb>ſit, & maximo ſemper <expan abbr="habitũ">habitum</expan> eſt. </s> <s id="s.013517">Quomodo <lb></lb>autem naturale ſit, docet Ariſtoteles. </s> <s id="s.013518"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> cùm <lb></lb>ſermo linguę robore, & intelligentia conſtet, <lb></lb>intelligentia <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> pleriſque priùs robore lin<lb></lb>guæ adueniat, eò fit, vt loqui <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> abſoluta in<lb></lb>telligentia mirum videatur. </s> <s id="s.013519">Et <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> ſi robur <lb></lb>linguæ priùs abſoluatur, cùm homo natura <lb></lb>ad <expan abbr="loquendũ">loquendum</expan> paratus ſit, qui impedit, vt au<lb></lb>dita <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> intellecta, velut picæ, & pſittaci, non <lb></lb>referat? </s> <s id="s.013520">Vel quòd vt intellecta iam nixu quo<lb></lb>dam atque concurſu ſpirituum ad linguam <lb></lb>proferat? </s> <s id="s.013521">Indicio eſt, quòd hoc his maximè <lb></lb>à ſomno contingit, & clarius: nam tunc per <lb></lb>ſomnum viſa, & audita magis mouent, ma<lb></lb>iorque ſpirituum eſt copia, & lingua diutur<lb></lb>na quiete robuſtior euaſit. </s> <s id="s.013522">Admiratio igitur <lb></lb>vel ob raritatem, vel ob cauſæ ignorantiam <lb></lb>contingit, vel ob vtrunque. </s> <s id="s.013523">Sæpius verò <lb></lb>contingit, vt raritas effectus ſit cauſa igno<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1834"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rantiæ cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.013524">Quædam verò rara ſunt, vt hæc <lb></lb>ad ſpeciem, illa ad genus: velut quod felium <lb></lb>pupilla modò nauicularis, Lunæ diuiduæ fi<lb></lb>gura conſpicitur, aliàs verò etiam anguſtio<lb></lb>re forma, quoniam animal hoc variè vueam <lb></lb>contrahat atque diſtendat, cornea verò tu<lb></lb>nica in illo craſſiſſima ſit. </s> <s id="s.013525">Ob id maximè ſi à <lb></lb>latere eam intuearis, multiformis videtur, <lb></lb>recta verò & à fronte rotundior, vt nobis: <lb></lb>quanquam ſint, qui affirmare audeant, quod <lb></lb>etiam alibi teſtatus ſum, non horum tantùm <lb></lb>animalium, ſed & hominum pupillas pro <lb></lb>Lunæ lumine creſcere, aut diminui. </s> <s id="s.013526">Sed hoc <lb></lb>ad rotunditatem minimè pertinet. </s> <s id="s.013527">Vtvt ſit <lb></lb>diuerſitas aſpectus, multum facit ad figuræ <lb></lb>rei mutationem: nam & gemmæ longiores <lb></lb>ex angulo ſi inſpiciantur, quadratæ formæ <lb></lb>propiores videntur: quoniam nec magnitu<lb></lb>do longiorum: ne breuiorum laterum parui<lb></lb>tas percipi poteſt: quare confuſa ratione, <lb></lb>quæ ſolum trientem habet, procul formata <lb></lb>videtur. </s> <s id="s.013528">Sic autem conſtat <foreign lang="grc">ἀπόδειξις. </foreign></s> <s id="s.013529">Sit <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.301.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/301/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>gemmæ quadrilateræ A B, quincuplum <lb></lb>B C, lateri ducatur ac diuidatur per <lb></lb>æqua in D, ducatur DB, & conſtituatur ocu<lb></lb>lus in E, ducantur AE, & CE, erit igitur an<lb></lb>gulus CDE, maior DEA, quare CD, maior <lb></lb>videbitur DA, & BC, æqualis fermè BA, <lb></lb>propior; ſcilicet quantò E, magis diſtat A, B, <lb></lb>& ſublimior eſt. </s> <s id="s.013530">Multa igitur cum noſtrum <lb></lb>fallant ſenſum, nobis mira videntur: vt bea<lb></lb>tum Antonium rectè dixiſſe ferant, qui in<lb></lb>tegris vtuntur ſenſibus, nec ipſa, quæ per li<lb></lb>teras fit, indigere eruditione. </s> <s id="s.013531">Senſus ille <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1835"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>dicebat non ſolum hos internos, ſed mentem <lb></lb>ipſam ac memoriam, tum rationem. </s> <s id="s.013532">Mens <lb></lb>enim abſoluta à vinculis vitiorum & affecti<lb></lb>bus, plurima cognoſcit, quæ aliis hominibus <lb></lb>mirabilia eſſe videntur. </s> <s id="s.013533">Ob id igitur nihil <lb></lb>mirum videri debet, ſi nocte ambulantibus <lb></lb>metus, & caſus multa oſtendant, ignes ſcili<lb></lb>cet in cœlo, ſtellas cadentes, voragines, flam<lb></lb>mas ſaltantes, vmbras, ſpectra, ſtrepitus in<lb></lb>conditos, eiulatus, feras, ſerpentes, latro<lb></lb>nes, fures, cadauera, lemures, laruas, mur<lb></lb>mura, gemitus vexatorum, canes rabidos: <lb></lb>terrores ( vt dixi ) abſque manifeſta cauſa. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013534">Hæc tamen, haud demonſtrant, demonas ip<lb></lb>fos eſſe. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="655" xlink:href="016/01/302.jpg"></pb> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013535"><margin.target id="marg1833"></margin.target>Infantes quo <lb></lb>modo natu<lb></lb>raliter loqui <lb></lb>poſſint.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013536"><margin.target id="marg1834"></margin.target>Felium pu<lb></lb>pillæ non ex<lb></lb>actè <expan abbr="rotũdæ">rotundæ</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013537"><margin.target id="marg1835"></margin.target>Senſibus qui <lb></lb>ſunt inte<lb></lb>gris, nec lite<lb></lb>ris indigent.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.302.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/302/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013538"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER DECIMVSNONVS,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013539"><emph type="center"></emph>De Dæmonibus.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1836"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013540"><margin.target id="marg1836"></margin.target>Afflatus di<lb></lb>uini, & ad<lb></lb>uentus dæ<lb></lb>monum diſ<lb></lb>crimen.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013541">IGITVR de dæmonibus non <lb></lb>parua ſemper dubitatio fuit: <lb></lb>atque vt mihi videtur, qui il<lb></lb>los eſſe, nobiſque congredi exi<lb></lb>ſtimant, illorum aduentum ab <lb></lb>afflatu diuino, angelicóque congreſſu ſic <lb></lb>diſtinguunt. </s> <s id="s.013542">Nam cùm dæmonas humanus <lb></lb>animus naturaliter horreat, mens ipſa illo<lb></lb>rum præſentia turbatur, horreſcit ac metuit <lb></lb>quippiam, quod tamen nondum nouit. </s> <s id="s.013543">Co<lb></lb>gitationes prauæ, & in prauis actionibus <lb></lb>ſolent, aut inſidiis, quas paramus obrepe<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.013544">Odores quoque tetros, & ſonitus in<lb></lb>conditos pariunt, aut relinquunt: ſuſpicio <lb></lb>manet poſt receſſum aut deſperatio, vt de <lb></lb>Bruti genio legitur. </s> <s id="s.013545">At afflatus diuinus ſeu <lb></lb>angelus quiſpiam occurrat, non niſi bona <lb></lb>ſaltem mente præditis ſe offert, ac ſine ſtrepi<lb></lb>tu vllo, ſenſimque accedit, animam exhila<lb></lb>rat, ac fiduciam præſtat, optimámque ſpem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013546">Placida tunc mens in optimas cogitationes <lb></lb>fertur, & ſuperna amare etiam cogitur. </s> <s id="s.013547">Cœ<lb></lb>leſtia diligit, & bona ac ſalutaria meditanti <lb></lb>iam accedit. </s> <s id="s.013548">Quòd ſi ſubito aduentu abſter<lb></lb>reatur, animus illicò conquieſcit. </s> <s id="s.013549">Hæc qui<lb></lb>dem beatus Antonius, qui hac in parte ad<lb></lb>mirabilis fuit, nos edocuit. </s> <s id="s.013550">Nobis eadem de <lb></lb>exitialibus ac ſalutiferis animi præſagiis dif<lb></lb>ferentia inconcuſſa manebit, etiam ſi vi na<lb></lb>turæ hæc ipſa ſolum fieri contendamus. </s> <s id="s.013551">Nam <lb></lb>ſi pro angelis ac dæmonibus ſalutaria ac in<lb></lb>fenſa aſtra ſupponantur, eadem ratio, ſigná<lb></lb>que eadem in vtriſque militabunt. </s> <s id="s.013552">Ergo dæ<lb></lb>monas eſſe præcantationum argumento <lb></lb>multi conantur oſtendere. </s> <s id="s.013553">Seu Conſtantini <lb></lb>experimentis ad capiendos piſces, ad conſer<lb></lb>uandum, vinum, in libris de Agricultura: ſeu <lb></lb>ad ſagittas extrahendas, ſeu dentium dolo<lb></lb>res ſedando, ſeu ſiſtendum ſanguinem, <lb></lb>quod nos etiam in nobis experti ſumus, in<arrow.to.target n="marg1837"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nitamur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013554"><margin.target id="marg1837"></margin.target>Hiſtoria <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013555">Sed hæc mittamus, quod nos vidimus <lb></lb>ſuperiore anno miraculum recitemus. </s> <s id="s.013556">La<lb></lb>borabat patritij generis mulier vrinæ ardo<lb></lb>re, perpetuáque illius emittendi voluntate, <lb></lb>cumque clariſſimi vrbis noſtræ medici om<lb></lb>nes non pauciores ſeptem, tum externi, ac <lb></lb>chirurgici non pauci vocati eſſent, aderam <lb></lb>& ego: nec ſatis inter nos de morbi cauſa <lb></lb>conueniebat, lapidem, eryſipelas, vlcus, ſcir<lb></lb>rhum, carcinoma, phlegmonem, veſicas alius <lb></lb>atque alius arbitrabatur, nec cùm pro ſin<lb></lb>gulis auxilia tentata eſſent, quicquam pro<lb></lb>fuit. </s> <s id="s.013557">Cúmque calidis fomentis excitatæ ve<lb></lb>ſicæ ſecarentur, præter ſolitas vigilias, & <lb></lb>cruciatum, inuoluntaria vrinæ emiſſio ob <lb></lb>inciſionem ſuperuenit. </s> <s id="s.013558">Inde bis etiam con<lb></lb>uulſa, cum pulſus ac virtutis caſu. </s> <s id="s.013559">Ita mor<lb></lb>bo & auxiliis ſeptem perpetuis menſibus <lb></lb>excarnificata, deſperata penitus ſalute ab <lb></lb>omnibus relicta eſt. </s> <s id="s.013560">Neque enim pericu<lb></lb>lum erat, vt ægritudinem ſimularet, quæ <lb></lb>tot medicamenta acerba ebiberit, tot fo<lb></lb>menta, ſuffumigiáque ſuſtinuerit, quæ ſpe<lb></lb>culo paſſa ſit à tot medicis locum illum in<lb></lb>ſpici, quæ inediam tamdiu tolerauerit, de<lb></lb>nique admiſerit venæ ſectionem, ſectionem <lb></lb>veſicarum, eſcharotica medicamenta, fer<lb></lb>rum, ignes. </s> <s id="s.013561">Itaque cùm feſſi & incerti eſſe<lb></lb>mus, iam in noſtram ſententiam, quæ om<lb></lb>nium ( vt viſum poſtea fuit ) erat abſurdior, <lb></lb>ventum eſt, hoc maximè argumento, quòd <lb></lb>magis ad deteriora quibuſcunque auxiliis <lb></lb>morbus perueniret: iam dolor in loco vbi <lb></lb>veſicæ collum vteri collo iungitur, aſſiduus <lb></lb>erat, iam totius corporis extenuatio maxima: <lb></lb>Hippocraticáque facies, & non voluntarius <lb></lb>vrinæ fluxus, tum vigilia perpetua ſuperaue<lb></lb>rant. </s> <s id="s.013562">Iam vlcera vndique circa locum erant, <lb></lb><expan abbr="medicamẽtorũ">medicamentorum</expan> partim caliditate, & acuitate, <lb></lb>partim ferri importuna tractatione excitata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013563">Nihilo tamen minus vrinæ ardore non ſo<lb></lb>lùm manente, ſed & ſuperaucto, perpetuáque <lb></lb>mingendi voluntate tanta, vt quidam calcu<lb></lb>lum veſicæ eſſe, crediderint. </s> <s id="s.013564">Sed eam opi<lb></lb>nionem tactus cum cathera reiecit. </s> <s id="s.013565">Ergo <lb></lb>prorſus conclamata ægra, ſuperuenit Ioſe<lb></lb>phus Niger, Græcarum literarum profeſſor <lb></lb>egregius, <expan abbr="publicéq;">publicéque</expan> eas docens, ſed qui tamen <lb></lb>medicinæ penitus eſſet ignarus. </s> <s id="s.013566">Hunc præ<lb></lb>cantatorem & maleficarum artium apprimè <lb></lb><expan abbr="gnarũ">gnarum</expan> exiſtimabant. </s> <s id="s.013567">Erat filius huic mulieri <lb></lb>decennis, quem Ioſephus inſtituit, vt di<lb></lb>cat ſe videre tres dæmonas teterrimos co<lb></lb>ram matre in cryſtallo trigona, quam ſecum <lb></lb>attulerat, pedites. </s> <s id="s.013568">Inde aliis in aurem pue<lb></lb>ri in ſuſuratis verbis, puer affirmat ſe vi<lb></lb>dere equitem alium dæmonem, longè pri<lb></lb>mis proceriorem, cùm tricuſpide, qui il<lb></lb>los tres pedites ſigillatim vinciat, & cate<lb></lb>nis alligatos ephippiis omnes abducat: in<lb></lb>de iubet aſſeruari cryſtallum. </s> <s id="s.013569">Quid moror? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013570">mulier hac techna perſuaſa, dormit: ceſſat <lb></lb>dolor, ardor, voluntas mingendi: redit <lb></lb>colos viuidus, redit caro, concipit poſt hæc, <lb></lb>perfectè conualuit: cuius rei teſtes tot ha<lb></lb>beo, quot familiares erant viri, aut mulie<lb></lb>res, medicóſque omnes conuocatos: rémque <lb></lb>ipſam, cùm tunc moribunda eſſet, nunc verò <lb></lb>ſana, ab omnibus videri poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013571">Ergo vel dæ<lb></lb>mone ſanata eſt mulier: vel imaginatione, fi<lb></lb>déque, cùm aliam tertiam cauſam præter <lb></lb>has inuenire minimè liceat. </s> <s id="s.013572">Nam ſi vera <lb></lb>puer referebat, diſſimulante per metum <lb></lb>legis Ioſepho veritatem, dæmone ſanata eſt: <lb></lb>ſi verò puer à Ioſepho perſuaſus vno verbo, <lb></lb>vt videre ſe affirmaret quæcunque ipſe Io<lb></lb>ſephus interrogaret, technam matri ſalutis <pb pagenum="656" xlink:href="016/01/303.jpg"></pb>cauſa molitus eſt: manifeſtum eſt, quòd <lb></lb>imaginatione, & fide conualuit. </s> <s id="s.013573">Illud mi<lb></lb>rum eſt, quòd ſi fraude fuit, præmium recu<lb></lb>ſauit: neque enim videtur quorſum hæc <lb></lb>fraus, quæ præmium careat, infamia verò <lb></lb>res ſuccedat, ſeu non ſuccedat, haud mini<lb></lb>ma defutura ſit? </s> <s id="s.013574">Ob id veriſimilius eſt à dæ<lb></lb>mone ſanatam eſſe: dæmonáſque ipſos eſſe <lb></lb>ac vagari. </s> <s id="s.013575">Mira verò ſunt quæ ad confirman<lb></lb>dam hanc opinionem recitantur à Plutar<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1838"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cho in initio vitæ Simonis de Damone: item <lb></lb>de Pauſania, Cleonicéque, Byzantia virgi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013576">ne, quam ille imprudens amatam occiderat: <lb></lb>tum à Plinio in ſeptimo Epiſtolarum libro <lb></lb>de Phantaſmate, quod in domo Athenis per<lb></lb>petuò videbatur: de pueris etiam quibus ca<lb></lb>pilli abſque authore vllo præciſi erant. </s> <s id="s.013577">Rur<lb></lb>ſus apud Suetonium in Caligula occiſo, cuius <lb></lb>domus per multos annos oſtentis inquietata <lb></lb>eſt, donec incendio abſumpta fuit. </s> <s id="s.013578">Refert <lb></lb>M. </s> <s id="s.013579">Paulus Venetus, Tartaros (olim pars Scy<lb></lb>tharum, pars Parthorum nomine intellige<lb></lb>batur) adeò pollere dæmonum præſtigiis, vt <lb></lb>tenebras cùm velint, & vbi velint inducant, <lb></lb>ſemélque à latronibus hac arte circumuen<lb></lb>tum, vix euaſiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013580">Cui rei teſtis accedit vir <lb></lb>grauis Haitonus, in ſua Sarmatarum hiſto<lb></lb>ria, qui prælio etiam inclinatam aciem <lb></lb>Tartarorum vexillarij præcantatione, dum <lb></lb>tenebras offunderet obſcuriſſimas, reſti<lb></lb>tutam & victricem factam litteris prodi<lb></lb>derit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013581"><margin.target id="marg1838"></margin.target>Dæmonas <lb></lb>eſſe, <expan abbr="argumẽ-tis">argumen<lb></lb>tis</expan> ab hiſto<lb></lb>ria ſumptis <lb></lb>oſtenditur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013582">Verùm omnibus hiſtoriis magis admira<lb></lb>bilem hîc ſubiiciam, quàm non ſemel, nec <lb></lb>paucis vicibus audiui à patre meo, Facio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1839"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cardano, qui dæmonem ſe familiarem per <lb></lb>30. fermè annos habuiſſe confitebatur. </s> <s id="s.013583">De<lb></lb>mum cùm illius ſcripta requirerem, quòd <lb></lb>ſæpius audieram, ita literis ac memoriæ man<lb></lb>datum inueni. </s> <s id="s.013584">Idibus Auguſti, 1491. cùm <lb></lb>peregiſſem ſacra hora diei 20. apparuerunt <lb></lb>de more ſeptem viri, ſericeis induti veſtibus, <lb></lb>pallio quaſi Græco, caligis ( vt videbatur) <lb></lb>purpureis, ſubuculæ thoracibus ſplendenti<lb></lb>bus ac rubentibus, vt è chermeſino eſſe vi<lb></lb>derentur, forma auguſtiore, quàm commu<lb></lb>ni, & conſpicua admodum. </s> <s id="s.013585">Nec tamen om<lb></lb>nes ſic veſtiti, ſed duo, quos conſtabat eſſe <lb></lb>nobiliores inter ipſos: nam illorum alterum, <lb></lb>qui procerior erat & rubicundus, duo alij <lb></lb>ſequebantur comites: alterum qui pallidior <lb></lb>eſſet ac minor corpore, tres alij. </s> <s id="s.013586">Ita om<lb></lb>nes ſeptem erant. </s> <s id="s.013587">Capiti ne quid haberent <lb></lb>impoſitum, an nudum eſſet, ſcriptum non <lb></lb>reliquit. </s> <s id="s.013588">Ætas illis iuxta quadrageſimum <lb></lb>annum, ſed quæ nec trigeſimum perferret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013589">Cùm interrogarentur, quinam eſſent, re<lb></lb>ſponderunt, homines eſſe quaſi aëreos, qui <lb></lb>& ipſi naſcerentur, ac interirent: verùm vi<lb></lb>tam illorum noſtra eſſe longè diuturniorem, <lb></lb>vt quæ ad annos 300. extenderentur. </s> <s id="s.013590">Inter<lb></lb>roganti de animæ immortalitate noſtræ, ni<lb></lb>hil quòd cuique proprium eſſet, ſupereſſe <lb></lb>affirmarunt. </s> <s id="s.013591">Ipſos diuis eſſe coniunctiores <lb></lb>multò humano genere, ſed tamen ab illis <lb></lb>infinito penè diſtare interuallo. </s> <s id="s.013592">Nec ſecus <lb></lb>illos nobis, aut beatiores eſſe, aut miſerio<lb></lb>res, ac nos ipſis ſumus belluis. </s> <s id="s.013593">Nihil late<lb></lb>re abditarum rerum, vt nec libros, aut pe<lb></lb>cunias: infimámque illorum colluuiem eſſe <lb></lb>genios virorum nobiliſſimorum, non ſecùs <lb></lb>ac homines viliſſimos generoſorum canum, <lb></lb>aut equorum educatores. </s> <s id="s.013594">Cúmque ipſi te<lb></lb>nuiſſimo eſſent corpore, nihil nobis com<lb></lb>modi, aut detrimenti poſſe afferre præter <lb></lb>ſpectra atque terrores, tum ſcientiam. </s> <s id="s.013595">Erant <lb></lb>alteri, qui minore erat corpore, 300. diſci<lb></lb>puli, alteri 200. in publica academia. </s> <s id="s.013596">Vter<lb></lb>que enim eorum publicè profitebatur. </s> <s id="s.013597">Cùm <lb></lb>pater meus interrogaſſet, cur ſi theſauros <lb></lb>noſſent, ipſi non reuelarent hominibus? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013598">Reſponderunt, ſancitum eſſe hoc priuata <lb></lb>lege maximis pœnis, ne quiſquam hoc eis <lb></lb>communicet. </s> <s id="s.013599">Manſerunt apud illum horis <lb></lb>plus quàm tribus: diſputarunt autem inte<lb></lb>rim, rogante illo de cauſa mundi: qui pro<lb></lb>cerior erat, negabat Deum effeciſſe mun<lb></lb>dum ab æterno: contrà alter aſtruebat per <lb></lb>ſingula momenta ita Deum creare mundum, <lb></lb>vt ſi vel momento deſiſteret, protinus mun<lb></lb>dus ipſe periret. </s> <s id="s.013600">Ad hoc ipſe ex Auerrois di<lb></lb>ſputationibus quædam adducebat, cùm liber <lb></lb>ille nondum inuentus eſſet. </s> <s id="s.013601">Referebat & <lb></lb>nomina quorundam librorum, quorum pars <lb></lb>inuenta, pars adhuc latitat. </s> <s id="s.013602">Atque hi om<lb></lb>nes tamen Auerrois erant: ille verò palàm <lb></lb>Auerroiſtam ſe profitebatur. </s> <s id="s.013603">Hæc ſeu hi<lb></lb>ſtoria, ſeu fabula ſit, ita ſe habuit. </s> <s id="s.013604">Quòd <lb></lb>fabula videatur, ſatis argumento eſſe debet, <lb></lb>quòd placita hæc non ſatis cum religione <lb></lb>conſentiunt, quodque pater meus cum ſuis <lb></lb>dæmonibus nihilo, aut felicior, aut ditior, <lb></lb>aut notior hominibus fuerit, quàm ego, qui <lb></lb>dæmonas nunquam vidi. </s> <s id="s.013605">Ad hæc tamen <lb></lb>ille reſponderet, plura ſe prædixiſſe, quæ <lb></lb>ſine ope dæmonum tanto tempore antè ſci<lb></lb>ri non poterant: vt, quòd Cæſar tandem <lb></lb>ſuperior futurus eſſet in Italia, quod vix <lb></lb>contingit poſt 30. annos: dæmonas eſſe <lb></lb>mendaces iuxta veritatis verbum, ille ( in<lb></lb>quit ) eſt pater mendaceij: ſe minimè cu<lb></lb>raſſe diuitias, aut honores, quarum rerum <lb></lb>ego ſim magis cupidus: natum eſſe humili <lb></lb>fortuna ipſum, obfuiſſéque initia prima. </s> <s id="s.013606">De<lb></lb>nique genium forſan mihi eſſe maiorem, <lb></lb>tum aliis longè magis, tametſi illis neque <lb></lb>mihi hi ſe oſtendant, non deeſſe tamen pro <lb></lb>opportunitate vnicuique ſuum ad auxilium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013607">Suum ſe ſibi, non alios aliis manifeſtaſſe, <lb></lb>vel quòd ita expediret, vel quod melior <lb></lb>eſſet, ac mente puriore: optimus quippe <lb></lb>erat, ac præter hæc, & poſt hæc etiam, reli<lb></lb>gioſiſſimus: ſeu quod coniuratione, quàm <lb></lb>habuiſſe à moriente Hiſpano conſtat, vſus <lb></lb>fuerit. </s> <s id="s.013608">Simile eſt illud quod de pueris, & <lb></lb>vrceis, aut vnguibus dicitur. </s> <s id="s.013609">Aliàs hæc vt <lb></lb>falſa deprehenſa refutauimus. </s> <s id="s.013610">Solùm id mi<lb></lb>rum videtur, quod Didio Iuliano Impera<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1840"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tori contigit, cùm puer è ſpeculo prædiceret <lb></lb>hoſtes venientes, & à quibus interficere<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.013611">Et nunc Ioannes Leo recitat, in vrbe <lb></lb>Feſſa vates in vas aqua plenum olei gut<lb></lb>tam infundere, qua clara reddita per puel<lb></lb>los reſponſa de futuris dare, qui turmas <lb></lb>etiam militum in aqua videre ſe affirment. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013612">Non tamen ille plus quàm quod & hîc <lb></lb>vulgus ſcire ſe refert: aut diligentius rem <lb></lb>inquiſiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013613"><margin.target id="marg1839"></margin.target>Dæmonum <lb></lb>ſeptem hiſto<lb></lb>ria mira.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013614"><margin.target id="marg1840"></margin.target>Didio Iulia<lb></lb>no è ſpeculo <lb></lb>à puero exi<lb></lb>tium prædi<lb></lb>ctum.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013615">Sunt rurſus & alia argumenta dæmo<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1841"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>num, oraculorum reſponſa: velut illud Theo-<pb pagenum="657" xlink:href="016/01/304.jpg"></pb>phraſti de oleaſtro Megaræ: dicta ſunt hæc <lb></lb>aliàs, in quibus Ariſtoteles, & Plutarchus, <lb></lb>vt cauſam redderent, non parum laborarunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013616">Videntur & Telchines dæmones ſubterra<lb></lb>nei, qui fodientes ruina opprimunt, aut <lb></lb>ſtrangulant igneo quodam ſpiritu. </s> <s id="s.013617">Sed de <lb></lb>oraculis ne fraude ſacerdotum ederentur, <lb></lb>multi dubitarunt: alij propriam quandam <lb></lb>terræ illius naturam eſſe volunt, qua velut <lb></lb>morbus contrahatur: at ectaſis quidam <lb></lb>morbus eſt, oraculum verò ſine ectaſi non <lb></lb>fit, non tamen cum illa. </s> <s id="s.013618">Igitur dubitatio <lb></lb>magna eſt de his. </s> <s id="s.013619">Auget eam Pauſanias, vir <lb></lb>( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> veridicus, in his quæ viſa à ſe re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1842"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>tulit. </s> <s id="s.013620">Neque cuiquam alij hac in re magis <lb></lb>credendum eſt, vt qui eam expertus fuerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013621">Sed libet illius verba ſubiungere: Antrum <lb></lb>Trophonij, in quod hoc modo deſcenditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013622">Noctu eum qui ingreſſurus eſt, abducunt <lb></lb>ad fluuium Hercynum abductum oleo vn<lb></lb>gunt, & lauant duo pueri ciuim filij annos <lb></lb>nati circiter tredecim, quos Hermas, ſeu <lb></lb>Mercurios appellant. </s> <s id="s.013623">Iidem deſcendentem <lb></lb>lauant, & quæcunque oporteat tanquam <lb></lb>ſerui adminiſtrant. </s> <s id="s.013624">Inde non ſtatim ad ora<lb></lb>culum, ſed à ſacerdotibus ad aquæ fontes <lb></lb>ducitur, qui proximè inuicem ſunt coniun<lb></lb>cti. </s> <s id="s.013625">Ibi aquam oportet bibat, quam Obliuio<lb></lb>nis appellant, vt obliuio omnium inducatur, <lb></lb>quæ antehac cogitauit. </s> <s id="s.013626">Poſt hæc aquam <lb></lb>aliam bibit Memoriæ, vt eorum quæ videri <lb></lb>in deſcenſu meminiſſe poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013627">Poſt hæc ſimu<lb></lb>lachrum vt eſt intuitus ( hoc Dædali opus <lb></lb>eſſe aiunt, & ſacerdotes nemini, niſi qui ad <lb></lb>Trophonium deſcendunt, exhibent ) & ha<lb></lb>bitis ad id precibus eſt veneratus, ad oracu<lb></lb>lum progreditur, tunica indutus linea, & <lb></lb>vitis circa tunicam cinctus, eius item loci <lb></lb>crepida ſubligatus. </s> <s id="s.013628">Eſt autem oraculum ſu<lb></lb>pra nemus ad montem. </s> <s id="s.013629">Fundamentum in <lb></lb>circuitu iactum candidis lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.013630">Ambitus <lb></lb>fundamenti eſt inſtar aræ minimæ. </s> <s id="s.013631">Paulu<lb></lb>lum fortaſſe abeſt, quin altitudine ſit duo<lb></lb>rum cubitorum. </s> <s id="s.013632">Incumbunt fundamento <lb></lb>columnæ acuminatæ æneæ, & quibus conne<lb></lb>ctuntur vincula. </s> <s id="s.013633">Per hæc ianuæ ſunt intra <lb></lb>ambitum fabricatæ. </s> <s id="s.013634">Hiatus ipſe non caſu, <lb></lb>aut natura factus eſt, ſed arte, compoſitio<lb></lb>neque accuratiſſima extructus. </s> <s id="s.013635">Ædificij ip<lb></lb>ſius figura furnum repræſentat, Cuius latitu<lb></lb>do, quantum coniectura aſſequi licet, qua<lb></lb>tuor fermè cubitorum eſt, profunditas verò <lb></lb>non vltra octo extenditur. </s> <s id="s.013636">Deſcenſus in pa<lb></lb>uimentum non eſt conſtructus: ſed vt quis <lb></lb>ad Trophonium venit, ſcalam ei offerunt <lb></lb>anguſtam & leuem, quæ intra ædificium <lb></lb>collocatur. </s> <s id="s.013637">Oſtium per quod in Tropho<lb></lb>nium deſcenditur, latitudinem habet duo<lb></lb>rum dodrantalium: altitudo dodrantalis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013638">Deſcenſurus ergo ſe ſupra pauimentum in<lb></lb>clinat, placentas habens mellitas, & cauer<lb></lb>næ pedes primùm iniicit, & genua ceden. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013639">do inſerit paulatim. </s> <s id="s.013640">Vbi verò genua immi<lb></lb>ſerit, reliquum corpus totus confeſtim at<lb></lb>trahitur, tanquam fluuius maximus, & ra<lb></lb>pidiſſimus vorticè hominem intus abſorbe<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.013641">Cæterùm qui intra adytum venerunt, <lb></lb>non vno & eodem modo futura edocentur, <lb></lb>ſed quidam fortaſſis coràm vident, alij au<lb></lb>tem audiunt. </s> <s id="s.013642">Redeunt qui deſcendunt per <lb></lb>eaſdem anguſtius primò pedibus emiſſis, <lb></lb>deinde reliquo corpore. </s> <s id="s.013643">Neminem mortuum <lb></lb>qui ſit ingreſſus audiuimus, præter vnum ex <lb></lb>Demetrij ſatellitibus, qui quum nullis per<lb></lb>actis ſacris deſcendiſſet, Deo etiam incon<lb></lb>ſulto, ſperans ablaturum aurum & argen<lb></lb>tum, fertur non ex oſtio ſacro eiectum, ſed <lb></lb>alibi cadauer illius apparuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013644">Quæ igitur <lb></lb>huic contigerint, quæque ingreſſuris, & in<lb></lb>greſſis eueniant, dicta ſunt à me dictu di<lb></lb>gniſſima. </s> <s id="s.013645">A Trophonio egreſſum ſacerdo<lb></lb>tes excipiunt, & in ſolium collocant quod <lb></lb>memoriæ dicitur: neque enim eſt ab adyto <lb></lb>procul. </s> <s id="s.013646">Sedentem ibi interrogant quæ vi<lb></lb>derit, quæque audierit. </s> <s id="s.013647">Quibus perceptis <lb></lb>commendant eum his ad quos curare eum <lb></lb>pertinet. </s> <s id="s.013648">Hi verò in ædificium illud, vbi prius <lb></lb>apud fortunam, & bonos genios vitam age<lb></lb>bat, ſublatum transferunt metu adhuc atto<lb></lb>nitum, & nec ſe ipſum agnoſcentem, nec <lb></lb>eos qui aſtant. </s> <s id="s.013649">Poſteaquàm non minus ea <lb></lb>cogitat, quàm quæ prius cogitabat, in ri<lb></lb>ſum erumpit. </s> <s id="s.013650">Hæc ego non audita refero, <lb></lb>ſed vidi quondam, & Trophonij oraculum <lb></lb>ipſe conſului. </s> <s id="s.013651">Placuit narrationem prudentis <lb></lb>ac veridici viri, quique negotio interfuit, <lb></lb>veluti raram ac firmam adiicere: quando<lb></lb>quidem pauciſſimi talia adierint, quorum <lb></lb>pars maxima ſtupida, reliqua mendacium <lb></lb>gloriæ ſibi loco eſſe exiſtimat: quamobrem <lb></lb>hiſtoriam hanc huic loco ſubtexui, in qua <lb></lb>fraudes ſacerdotum quantaſcunque confin<lb></lb>gas licet, fraudi aſcribi nequit, quod intus <lb></lb>velut à gurgite raperetur, quodque pedibus <lb></lb>eiiceretur. </s> <s id="s.013652">Quòd ſi id natura loci conſtabat, <lb></lb>oportuit quæ audiret noni dolo eſſe conſe<lb></lb>cta, cùm in tam violento loco, nemo ad <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1843"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>confingendam technam ſtare potuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.013653">At <lb></lb>dices, ambigua ſunt oraculorum reſponſa. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013654">Demonſtratum eſt in libro de Fato, quòd <lb></lb>ſi oracula ambigua non eſſent non eſſent <lb></lb>oracula. </s> <s id="s.013655">Similiter & mathematicorum præ<lb></lb>dictiones, ſe non eadem ratione: verùm ne<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1844"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>que omnia. </s> <s id="s.013656">Hoc autem alibi ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> de<lb></lb>monſtratum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013657"><margin.target id="marg1841"></margin.target>Dæmones <lb></lb>Telchinnes.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013658"><margin.target id="marg1842"></margin.target>Antri Tro<lb></lb>phanij ora<lb></lb>culum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013659"><margin.target id="marg1843"></margin.target>Oracula ſi <lb></lb>non eſſent <lb></lb>ambigua, <lb></lb>oracula non <lb></lb>eſſent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013660"><margin.target id="marg1844"></margin.target>Melantho<lb></lb>nis hiſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013661">Sed nimis euidentia ſunt, quæ Philiphus <lb></lb>Melanthon vir eruditus in ſecundo ſuorum <lb></lb>Progymnaſmatum Phyſicorum recitat, di<lb></lb>cens: Anno ſalutis 1530. Norimbergæ cùm <lb></lb>ſacerdoti dæmon in cryſtallo locum abſcon<lb></lb>diti theſauri oſtendiſſet, loco defoſſo, qui <lb></lb>prope vrbem erat, amicoque adhibito ( is <lb></lb>poſtmodum hiſtoriam retulit ) arcam cum <lb></lb>cane nigro accubante, quaſi cuſtode vide<lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.013662">Auſus ingredi ſacerdos, loci ruina ſta<lb></lb>tim oppreſſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.013663">Hic nihil deſideratur, prę<lb></lb>ter eius fidem qui Melanthoni ſcripſit, cùm <lb></lb>Melanthon non dicat ſe adfuiſſe præſen<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.013664">Conſtat verò illum in Sexonia habita<lb></lb>re, vel ſaltem à Norimberga procul. </s> <s id="s.013665">Nam <lb></lb>de illius fide haud dubitamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013666">Verùm ſunt alia huius rei experimenta: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1845"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>placet autem duo ex Eraſmo Roterodamo <lb></lb>viro docto, & minimè ſuperſtitioſo, vt etiam <lb></lb>in Spectro talia irriſerit vbertim, ex epiſto<lb></lb>lis ſubiungere. </s> <s id="s.013667">Oppidum de quo tibi nar<lb></lb>ratum eſt, Germanis dicitur Schiltach. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013668">Abeſt à Friburgo octo millibus paſſuum <lb></lb>Germanicis magnis: de quo an omnia ve<lb></lb>ra ſint, quæ vulgò iactantur, non auſim <pb pagenum="658" xlink:href="016/01/305.jpg"></pb>affirmare. </s> <s id="s.013669">Illud nimis verum eſt, totum ſu<lb></lb>bitò conflagraſſe, mulierem confeſſam ſup<lb></lb>plicio affectam. </s> <s id="s.013670">Conflagratio accidit quar<lb></lb>to Idus Aprilis, qui dies erat Iouis ante <lb></lb>Paſcha, anno à Chriſto paſſo 1533. Quidam <lb></lb>eius oppidi ciues apud huius vrbis magiſtra<lb></lb>tum rem ita geſtam pro comperto narra<lb></lb>runt, quemadmodum mihi retulit Henri<lb></lb>cus Glareanus, quantum meminiſſe poſſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013671">Dæmon ſibilo ſignum dedit è quadam æ<lb></lb>dium parte. </s> <s id="s.013672">Caupo ſuſpicans eſſe furem, aſ<lb></lb>cendit, neminem reperit. </s> <s id="s.013673">Sed idem ſignum <lb></lb>rurſus ex altiore cœnaculo redditum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013674">Et <lb></lb>huc conſcendit caupo, furem perſequens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013675">Cùm nec illic quiſquam appareret, ſibilus <lb></lb>auditus eſt è faſtigio fumarij. </s> <s id="s.013676">Illicò tetigit <lb></lb>cauponis animum, eſſe dæmoniacum quid<lb></lb>dam: iubet ſuos eſſe præſenti animo. </s> <s id="s.013677">Acciti <lb></lb>ſunt ſacerdotes duo, adhibitus exorciſmus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013678">Reſpondit, ſe eſſe dæmonem. </s> <s id="s.013679">Rogatus quid <lb></lb>illic ageret, ait ſe velle exurere oppidum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013680">Minitantibus ſacrificis, Reſpondit, ſe pro ni<lb></lb>hilo ducere minas illorum, quòd alter eſſet <lb></lb>ſcortator, vterque fur. </s> <s id="s.013681">Aliquanto pòſt mu<lb></lb>lierculam quam cum habuerat conſuetudi<lb></lb>nem annis quatuordecim, cùm interim il<lb></lb>la quotannis, & confiteretur, & acciperet <lb></lb>euchariſtiam, ſuſtulit in aërem, impoſuitque <lb></lb>fumarij faſtigio: tradidit ollam, iuſſit vt <lb></lb>inuerteret: inuertit, & intra horam totum <lb></lb>oppidum exuſtum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013682">An dæmon indigna<lb></lb>tus ob inductum riualem cauponis filium, & <lb></lb>oppidum perdiderit, & mulierem prodiderit, <lb></lb>certum non audiui: non eſt tamen vero diſſi<lb></lb>mile. </s> <s id="s.013683">Huius facti vicini tam conſtans eſt fa<lb></lb>ma, vt fictum videri non queat. </s> <s id="s.013684">Feruntur & <lb></lb>alia huius generis, ſed non libet aures tuas <lb></lb>vulgi fabulis remorari. </s> <s id="s.013685">Hîc facti ratio haud <lb></lb>dubia eſt. </s> <s id="s.013686">Dicere poſſet quiſpiam, dolum <lb></lb>fuiſſe fœminæ, ac deſperationem. </s> <s id="s.013687">Sed adeò <lb></lb>bellè omnia conſentire videntur, vt vix cre<lb></lb>di poſſit: quoniam non dæmon oppidum <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1846"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>concremare potuit, ſed ollam porrigere, mu<lb></lb>lierem perſuadere. </s> <s id="s.013688">Sed audi aliam eiuſdem <lb></lb>hiſtoriam. </s> <s id="s.013689">Anno ſuperiore Magduni ( id eſt <lb></lb>oppidulum haud ita procul ab Aurelia) ma<lb></lb>leficus quiſpiam deceſſurus vxori mandat, vt <lb></lb>quicquid eſſet apud ſe librorum <expan abbr="Magicorũ">Magicorum</expan>, <lb></lb>reliquaque eius ſacri arma, ciui cuidam <lb></lb>Aureliano tradat, propediem videlicet peri<lb></lb>turo, quòd hunc ſceleris conſcium ac parti<lb></lb>cipem habuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.013690">Is hæc omnia Aureliam <lb></lb>tranfert. </s> <s id="s.013691">Iam ipſe ſacerdos domi ſuæ plus <lb></lb>triennium nefandum ſacrum, & quavis <lb></lb>idololatria execratius, non <expan abbr="inſciẽte">inſciente</expan> vxore, ſi<lb></lb>lia virgine etiam adiuuante peragitat. </s> <s id="s.013692">Qui<lb></lb>bus verò ceremoniis, quove ritu ſacrile<lb></lb>gium hoc conſtiterit, paucis referam, ita vt <lb></lb>à certiſſimis hominibus accepi. </s> <s id="s.013693">Corpus illud <lb></lb>adorandum vindici noſtri IESV in pyxidula <lb></lb>quadam ſaligna conditum ſub lecti <expan abbr="ſtramẽ-tis">ſtramen<lb></lb>tis</expan> abdiderat. </s> <s id="s.013694">O diuinam patientiam: mihi <lb></lb>referenti frigidus horror membra quatit. </s> <s id="s.013695">Id <lb></lb>ante triennium à ſacrificulo quopiam fame<lb></lb>lico, & impio ( cuiuſmodi hîc nimis magna <lb></lb>copia ) fuerat mercatus, & quidem mino<lb></lb>ris ( opinor ) quàm olim Iudæi Chriſtum. </s> <s id="s.013696">vt <lb></lb>ſceleſtiſſimus ille ſacerdos Iudam nobis non <lb></lb>retulerit ſolùm, ſed etiam vicerit: & illum <lb></lb>quidem rumor eſt ſubitanea morte impieta<lb></lb>tis pœnas dediſſe. </s> <s id="s.013697">Ergo quoties veneficus <lb></lb>ille rem non diuinam, ſed diabolicam fa<lb></lb>cturus eſſet, depromebatur prophanis mani<lb></lb>bus cœleſte myſterium, atque è ſtramentis <lb></lb>erutum, nudatumque exponebatur. </s> <s id="s.013698">Filia <lb></lb>puella neque dum virum paſſa, enſem nu<lb></lb>dum manu ſublata tenebat, quòd id mune<lb></lb>ris, niſi à virgine obiri ritè non poſſet, mu<lb></lb>cronem in ſacrum illud corpus intentans, <lb></lb>ſcilicet minitanti ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.013699">Tum caput quod<lb></lb>dam proferebatur, ex neſcio qua materia, <lb></lb>triplici facie cælatum, nempe monadem il<lb></lb>lam triformem, & triadem vniformem re<lb></lb>pręſentans. </s> <s id="s.013700">Id nouies reducto ambitu cinge<lb></lb>batur. </s> <s id="s.013701">In his mille figuræ Tau, inauditis aun<lb></lb>gulorum nominibus inſcriptæ: poſtea toti<lb></lb>dem ambitus cacodæmonum horrendis vo<lb></lb>cabulis diſtincti. </s> <s id="s.013702">His ita compoſitis, maleficij <lb></lb>antiſtes explicitis libris execratis illis preci<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.013703">Hecate dictante primùm adorandam <lb></lb>triadem, & angelorum quamplurimos ſuo <lb></lb>quoſque choro: deinde cacodæmonum ſex<lb></lb>centa nomina citat, neque finis donec dæ<lb></lb>mon ille præſtò ſit, præſenſque vocanti reſ<lb></lb>pondet. </s> <s id="s.013704">Is erat ingentium theſaurorum, aut <lb></lb>opifex, aut certè monſtrator. </s> <s id="s.013705">Promiſerat ſce<lb></lb>leſtus ille ſacrifico ſuo Perſicos montes, lar<lb></lb>gitus etiam nonnihil: ſed adeò infrà ſpem, <lb></lb>vt virum iam operæ, quippe triennis, cœpe<lb></lb>rit pœnitere. </s> <s id="s.013706">Itaque promiſſorem ſuum ſo<lb></lb>litis precaminibus euocat, expoſtulatque ſe <lb></lb>iampridem lactari, & ſpe modò duci, neque <lb></lb>vllum operæ pretium facere. </s> <s id="s.013707">Purgat ille ſe <lb></lb>contrà, negans, id ſua culpa accidere: verùm <lb></lb>deeſſe quiddam ceremoniis, quòd hominem <lb></lb>literis præditum deſideraret: quem ſi nan<lb></lb>ciſci poſſet, ſe theſauros indicaturum om<lb></lb>nium votis ampliores. </s> <s id="s.013708">Simulque percon<lb></lb>tanti, quis eſſet ad eam rem potiſſimùm aſ<lb></lb>ciſcendus, ſuadet Priorem monaſterij Mo<lb></lb>nachorum, qui ſe Prædicatores appelli<lb></lb>tant (id eſt pone mœnia Aureliana) adeat, & <lb></lb>cautim virum pertentet. </s> <s id="s.013709">Eſt verò hic Theo<lb></lb>logiæ Baccalaureus ( vt vocant ) formatus, <lb></lb>apud vulgus opinione non in celebri, & con<lb></lb>cionator non omnino peſſimus, vt nunc qui<lb></lb>dem ſunt theologi: cæterùm vt mihi pòſt <lb></lb>viſum eſt, & ferè ſunt eiuſmodi, famæ per <lb></lb>quàm auidus. </s> <s id="s.013710">Sed haud etiam coniectura <lb></lb>conſequor, quid genius ille malus captarit, <lb></lb>vt ne ſacerdotem ſuum iamiam ad defectio<lb></lb>nem ſpectantem, rectà in perniciem indu<lb></lb>ceret: an quòd ſeriò ſibi promiſerit, theo<lb></lb>logi mentem, præmij propoſiti magnitu<lb></lb>dine poſſe corrumpi: hac opinor fiducia, <lb></lb>quòd, vt diuinitùs ſcripſit Maro, <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Quid non mortalia pectora cogit <lb></lb>Auri ſacra fames?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013711"><margin.target id="marg1845"></margin.target>Eraſmi Ro<lb></lb>terodami <lb></lb>hiſtoria ad<lb></lb>mirabilis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013712"><margin.target id="marg1846"></margin.target>Hiſtoria <lb></lb>alia.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013713">Tum quòd (vti aiunt) hi qui cum iſtiuſ<lb></lb>modi hominum genere familiarius ſunt <lb></lb>verſati, ſub illis cucullis, & mendicitatis <lb></lb>nomine deploratiſſimæ nonnunquam men<lb></lb>tes latitent, intolerabili arrogantia, & ex<lb></lb>trema pecuniæ cupiditate flagrantes. </s> <s id="s.013714">Verùm <lb></lb>hoc quidem in medio relinquimus. </s> <s id="s.013715">Vir igi<lb></lb>tur perſuaſus hominem conuenit, vtque pe<lb></lb>detentim illius animum prætentaret, fingit <lb></lb>ſibi codices aliquot eſſe domi, inutiles qui<lb></lb>dem ſibi, quippe idiotæ, verùm homini lite<lb></lb>rato longè vtiliſſimos. </s> <s id="s.013716">Rogat, num quos <pb pagenum="659" xlink:href="016/01/306.jpg"></pb>emptos velit. </s> <s id="s.013717">Theologus proferri iubet, in<lb></lb>ſpiciundos ſcilicet. </s> <s id="s.013718">Promit ille vetus Teſta<lb></lb>mentum, quod vulgus Biblia vocat, Gallicè <lb></lb>verſum. </s> <s id="s.013719">Eum codicem vbi <expan abbr="cõtemſiſſet">contempſiſſet</expan> Theo<lb></lb>logus, ecquos alios haberet percontanti, <lb></lb>grauatim quidem ac detrectanti ſimilis, <lb></lb>alium quendam ſinu abditum producit: <lb></lb>quem euolutum vbi animaduertiſſet impro<lb></lb>barum artium eſſe magiſtrum, haud etiam <lb></lb>ſcio, an nouitate captui ( ita vt fit) curioſius <lb></lb>inſpectarit, an vt <expan abbr="fraudẽ">fraudem</expan>, quàm ſubeſſe ſen<lb></lb>tiſcebat, prorſus expiſcaretur. </s> <s id="s.013720">Rogatus ita<lb></lb>que quidnam ille placeret, reſpondit. </s> <s id="s.013721">Male<lb></lb>ficum ſibi videri librum. </s> <s id="s.013722">Tum ille ſilentij <lb></lb>fidem obteſtatione ſtipulatus, ait eiuſdem <lb></lb>generis aliquot domi ſibi eſſe, ſed eruditi <lb></lb>homini operam deſiderare: alioqui theſau<lb></lb>ros immenſos poſſe his libris conflari. </s> <s id="s.013723">Ibi <lb></lb>arrectior theologus, orat vt eos quoque ad <lb></lb>ſe perferat in ſpiciendos: ſibi rem hanc ve<lb></lb>hementer eſſe cordi, nec omninò in nego<lb></lb>tio tam diuino indormiendum: ſibi ſpem <lb></lb>eſſe certiſſimam feliciter euenturum. </s> <s id="s.013724">Ergo <lb></lb>datis inuicem dextris, miſer ille reliquos li<lb></lb>bros adfert, Theologus expiſcari non deſi<lb></lb>nit, donec homo iam eius animi ſecurus, <lb></lb>omni de re palàm facit. </s> <s id="s.013725">Poſtremò etiam de <lb></lb>Chriſti corpore. </s> <s id="s.013726">Ibi ille tanquam vehemen<lb></lb>ter gauiſus, impenſius obſecrat, vt res tan<lb></lb>tas ſibi oſtendat, ſe iam toto pectore de ma<lb></lb>turando negotio cogitare. </s> <s id="s.013727">Hic hominem do<lb></lb>mum ſuam deducit, vxorem myſterium <lb></lb>illud, reliquaque item maleficij arma de<lb></lb>promere iubet. </s> <s id="s.013728">Proferuntur, inſpectantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013729">Monachus longè aliud ſimulans ( vt narat <lb></lb>ipſe) rectà inde ad Officialem, quem vocant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013730">rem defert, virum profectò ſumma vitæ in<lb></lb>tegritate, & abſoluta Iuris vtriuſque pru<lb></lb>dentia ſpectatiſſimum, noſtri maiorem in <lb></lb>modum amantem. </s> <s id="s.013731">Is verò in re tam prodi<lb></lb>gioſa nihil etiam cunctandum ratus, homi<lb></lb>nem prodente theologo per regios mini<lb></lb>ſtros in vincula coniicit non ſine vxore & <lb></lb>filia. </s> <s id="s.013732">Protinus in ædes irruptum, myſterium <lb></lb>illud adorandum honore quo conueniebat <lb></lb>prolatum, dieique eius quod erat reliquum, <lb></lb>& nos omnis à clero, monachiſque per no<lb></lb>ctes excubias agentibus, ſolennibus cantio<lb></lb>nibus, & precibus celebrata. </s> <s id="s.013733">Poſtridie indi<lb></lb>cta ſolemnis ſupplicatio: veſtiuntur tape<lb></lb>tibus vtrinque viæ, quaque ibatur, quaque <lb></lb>ad templum redibatur: perſtrepebant vrbe <lb></lb>tota templa ſacris tintinnabulis. </s> <s id="s.013734">Procedit <lb></lb>clerus vniuerſus cum ſuis quiſque reliquiis, <lb></lb>tota ciuitate ad ſpectaculum effuſa: digna<lb></lb>que pompa ſacramentum è conſceleratis æ<lb></lb>dibus ſublatum, in templum ſalutiferæ cru<lb></lb>ci ſacrum defertur. </s> <s id="s.013735">Ibi theologus tam fre<lb></lb>quenti concione quantam antea viſam fuiſ<lb></lb>ſe negant, rem omnem non ſine gloriæ ſuſ<lb></lb>pitione exponit: identidem obteſtans Chriſti <lb></lb>corpus inibi ſub dio appoſitum, vt erat ex <lb></lb>ædibus malefici deportatum. </s> <s id="s.013736">Fecerat idem <lb></lb>poſtridie facturus, item deinceps, & vt quid<lb></lb>que illi in cuniculis fuiſſent confeſſi, ita quo<lb></lb>tidie populo renunciaturus: quòd ſibi cre<lb></lb>do certiſſimam parandæ immortalitatis ma<lb></lb>teriam oblatam eſſe iudicaret, niſi Officia<lb></lb>lis vir minimè ſtultum theologo iam vento<lb></lb>ſo gloriæ curru volitanti, ſilentium impo<lb></lb>ſuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.013737">Excutiuntur & audiuntur aſſiduè à <lb></lb>theologis Lutetia in hoc aſcitis, adhibitis <lb></lb>item duobus Iureconſultis. </s> <s id="s.013738">Narrauit nobis <lb></lb>Officialis prodigioſa quædam in quæſtio<lb></lb>nibus à viro aperiri, ſed quæ nondum pro <lb></lb>certis referri poſſent, quod ipſum ſibi parum <lb></lb>adhuc conſtare diceret: mulierem noctu <lb></lb>miſeris modis à cacodæmone vexari, pungi, <lb></lb>cædi, raptari, peneque exanimari: filiam <lb></lb>verò ſui ſecuram, neque quicquam ſupplicij <lb></lb>metu commoueri, quòd ſibi quotidie cum <lb></lb>luce præſtò fieri affirmat neſcio quem, qui <lb></lb>conſolando dolorem illi omnem adimat, <lb></lb>animoque tranquillo eſſe iubeat. </s> <s id="s.013739">Tenetur à <lb></lb>Magduni malefici, cuius ſuprà memini, vi<lb></lb>dua. </s> <s id="s.013740">Hæc ille. </s> <s id="s.013741">Verùm aliquis dubitare poſ<lb></lb>ſet, ne vnquam maleficus hic infelix dæmo<lb></lb>nem auocare potuerit? </s> <s id="s.013742">verùm deficere ali<lb></lb>quid ſuſpicantem conſilio cum vxore inito, <lb></lb>in laqueos incidiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013743">Nam ſi dæmon eum <lb></lb>alloquebatur, docere poterat quæ deficerent, <lb></lb>& hominem non amandare in perniciem, <lb></lb>qui iam ſuus eſſet: quique ſi deſiſſet, non <lb></lb>melior futurus erat, quandoquidem non ad <lb></lb>Deum eſſet acceſſurus, vel illum quæſiturus, <lb></lb>ſed dæmonem ob indignationem relicturus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013744">At dæmon proditor eſt, & ſuos negligit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013745">Concedatur: nemo tamen adeò eſt malus, vt <lb></lb>ſibi aduerſetur. </s> <s id="s.013746">Hoc erat abigere homines à <lb></lb>malarum artium ſtudiis, & ſui obſeruatio<lb></lb>ne, quàm ille maximè efflagitare fertur. </s> <s id="s.013747">Sed <lb></lb>quanquam hæc dubia ſint, magnam tamen <lb></lb>præbent ſuſpicionem, ne aliquid eſſet, ob fi<lb></lb>liæ conſolationem. </s> <s id="s.013748">Sed multa latere potue<lb></lb>runt. </s> <s id="s.013749">Ita nos ancipites in his rebus Deus vi<lb></lb>detur eſſe voluiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013750">Nam & Pauſanias refert in Atticis, ſingu<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1847"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>lis noctibus in Marathone campo, vbi Mil<lb></lb>tiades iam annis tamen quadringentis elap<lb></lb>ſis, Perſarum centum millia cecidiſſet, vbi<lb></lb>que Icarus etiam rex antea interfectus fue<lb></lb>rat, hinnitus equorum audiri, & pugnan<lb></lb>tium concurſus, Quæ cuique ad hoc ſpecta<lb></lb>culum accedenti data opera non occurre<lb></lb>bant. </s> <s id="s.013751">Sed ſolùm fortuito illuc ſe conferen<lb></lb>tibus exaudiebantur. </s> <s id="s.013752">Adeò videtur ſummus <lb></lb>ille opifex nos omninò incertos relinquere <lb></lb>voluiſſe, vt bonis fidei præmia, improbis, at<lb></lb>que incredulis pœnæ deberentur. </s> <s id="s.013753">Sed ſi om<lb></lb>ninò animæ ibi Perſarum excitabant tumul<lb></lb>tum, oportuit etiam equorum animas quæ <lb></lb>hinnirent ſuperfuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013754">Quamobrem veriſimi<lb></lb>lius erit paulò pòſt prælium illud graue ex<lb></lb>citatam fabulam è cauſa aliqua naturali ad <lb></lb>ea tempora percrebuiſſe, vt qualemcunque <lb></lb>ſtrepitum confuſo equorum hinnitui, & <lb></lb>concurſu præliantium attribuerent. </s> <s id="s.013755">Nam<lb></lb>que in omni nocturno ſtrepitu, qui è terra <lb></lb>prodit, plerunque pars eſt grauior, pars acu<lb></lb>tior. </s> <s id="s.013756">Grauiorum ad concurſus hominum, & <lb></lb>gemitus referunt, acutiorem ad equorum <lb></lb>hinnitus. </s> <s id="s.013757">Quamobrem antiquis relictis <lb></lb>exemplis, ad quædam noſtri temporis deue<lb></lb>niamus. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013758"><margin.target id="marg1847"></margin.target>Hiſtoria alia <lb></lb>mira.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013759">Refert Nicolaus Venetus in Indica hiſto<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1848"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ria, nauclerum Indum cum ceſſaſſent venti, <lb></lb>inuocato, vt ipſe appellabat Deo <expan abbr="Mutthiã">Mutthiam</expan>, <lb></lb>tandem in Arabem quendam illum deſcen<lb></lb>diſſe, corruptumque hominem exclamaſſe, <lb></lb>per nauimque currentem ad tabulam, quæ <pb pagenum="660" xlink:href="016/01/307.jpg"></pb>hac de cauſa malo appoſita erat, acceſſiſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013760">Carbones quoque qui ibi aderant deuoraſſe, <lb></lb>& galli ſanguinem petiiſſe, quem protinus <lb></lb>iugulato gallo exugit. </s> <s id="s.013761">Inde rogaſſe, quid<lb></lb>nam peterent? </s> <s id="s.013762">reſpondente nauclero, ven<lb></lb>tos, & qua ex parte exponente, illos intra <lb></lb>triduum daturum ſe pollicitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.013763">Admonuit <lb></lb>quoque eos vt in occaſionem parati eſſent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013764">Soluta coniuratione Arabs nullius eorum <lb></lb>quæ vel prædixerat, vel paſſus fuiſſet me<lb></lb>mor. </s> <s id="s.013765">Tempore tamen conſtituto, omnia ex <lb></lb>ſententia ſucceſſerunt. </s> <s id="s.013766">Ergo videntur ali<lb></lb>quid, aut poſſe, aut præſcire dæmones, ſed <lb></lb>ob contemptum multa obliterata ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013767">Con<lb></lb>temptus euenit, quoniam plerique his ar<lb></lb>tibus confiſi non ſolùm malè periere, ſed <lb></lb>nihil egregium in arte ſua ſunt conſecuti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013768">Id non tantùm artis leuitate contingit, <lb></lb>quantum tractantium audacia, qui hoc ſo<lb></lb>lo auxilio ſibi multa pollicentur. </s> <s id="s.013769">Sed qui <lb></lb>iam armis, aut eruditione, aut arte aliqua <lb></lb>præſtant, videntur ab his non leue incre<lb></lb>mentum habuiſſe: velut Petrus Aponenſis <lb></lb>Conciliator dictus, qui palàm eſt gloriam <lb></lb>æternam conſecutus necromantiæ auxilio, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1849"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>vt ipſemet teſtatum reliquit. </s> <s id="s.013770">Erat vir alio<lb></lb>quin inclytus, ſi labe hac caruiſſet. </s> <s id="s.013771">Vigebat <lb></lb>olim in Hiſpania hæc ars, publicéque doce<lb></lb>batur in Salamantica academia, nunc ve<lb></lb>rò publicis legibus ſublata eſt. </s> <s id="s.013772">Vnde ibi <lb></lb>aliqua adhuc artis experimenta ſuper<lb></lb>ſunt. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1850"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013773"><margin.target id="marg1848"></margin.target>Nicolai Ve<lb></lb>neti hiſto<lb></lb>ria,</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013774"><margin.target id="marg1849"></margin.target>Petrus Apo<lb></lb>nenſis maxi<lb></lb>mus necro<lb></lb>manticus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013775"><margin.target id="marg1850"></margin.target>Conſtantini <lb></lb>Fontani hi<lb></lb>ſtoria.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013776">Narrabat mihi Don Conſtantinus Fon<lb></lb>tanus Hiſpanus Theologus, & ab exomolo<lb></lb>geſi Principis Philippi Hiſpaniarum, dum <lb></lb>in Pinthia, ſeu Valleoletana, vulgato no<lb></lb>mine Vagliadolit ciuitate Hiſpaniæ, in do<lb></lb>mo typographi, quæ malè obſtrepitus au<lb></lb>diebat nocturnos diuerſaretur, prima nocte <lb></lb>incubum ſenſiſſe: ſed cùm oliuas nigras in <lb></lb>cœna comediſſet, naturale exiſtimaſſe, <lb></lb>cùm incubus inter morbos numeretur. </s> <s id="s.013777">Se<lb></lb>quenti nocte ſuper lecto videt, auditque fe<lb></lb>les concertantes, quod quanquam durum <lb></lb>videretur, quia tamen eſſe poterat, & hoc <lb></lb>naturale eſſe duxit. </s> <s id="s.013778">Tertia autem nocte <lb></lb>cùm nondum dormitum iſſet, de hiſque diſ<lb></lb>ſereret, tubæ vocem quaſi in aure audiuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013779">Exiſtimans ſibili ſpeciem eſſe, pueros vide<lb></lb>bat, qui ibi aſtabant ridentes: tum vox illa <lb></lb>cubiculum circuire cœpit, perfectoque cir<arrow.to.target n="marg1851"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cuitu ſub lecto ſe abdidit, ibi diu ſtrepens, <lb></lb>cùm nihil videretur. </s> <s id="s.013780">Sed nullibi magis ſeu <lb></lb>dæmonum, ſeu mortuorum veſtigia videre, <lb></lb>aut audire licet, quàm circa morituros, aut <lb></lb>poſt ingentes clades, vel peſtilentiæ tempo<lb></lb>ribus. </s> <s id="s.013781">Dupliciter autem morituris hæc eue<lb></lb>niunt: vel ipſis, vnuſquiſque enim <expan abbr="antequã">antequam</expan> <lb></lb>moriatur aliquid videns terretur: & poſt<lb></lb>quàm viderit, non ſuperuiuit. </s> <s id="s.013782">Et quanquam <lb></lb>naturale eſſe poſſit, mirum tamen eſt. </s> <s id="s.013783">Vidi <lb></lb>clariſſimum virum qui cùm mouere ſe non <lb></lb>poſſet, vbi cò ventum eſt, parum abfuit <lb></lb>quin lecto ſe excuteret, aufugerintque cu<lb></lb>ſtodes: nam alta nocte id contigit. </s> <s id="s.013784">Vel aliis <lb></lb>hæc contingunt: quòd enim Principibus <lb></lb>fulgura, & Cometes, & ſidus in cœlo, <lb></lb>mortis præſagia, id priuatis inconditis ſtre<lb></lb>pitus, quales ego circa tales ſæpius vidi, & <lb></lb>audiui, ab aliiſque accepi. </s> <s id="s.013785">Verùm in his quæ <lb></lb>ego ſum aſſecutus non decipior. </s> <s id="s.013786">Vbi etiam <lb></lb>multa cadauera hominum malè ſepulta ia<lb></lb>cent, proculdubio quædam apparent terri<lb></lb>bilia, ſed quibus etiam naturalis ratio ſub<lb></lb>ſcribere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.013787">Porrò de his & peſtilentiæ <lb></lb>inuſitatis vocibus, curruumque imaginibus <lb></lb>quæ videntur, & tanquam ſubitò euertan<lb></lb>tur ſtrepitibus, & fragoribus, in libris de <lb></lb>Varietate rerum ſatis locuti ſumus: nec ſat <lb></lb>monuiſſe, fuerit, experimenta perſuadere, <lb></lb>non demonſtrare. </s> <s id="s.013788">Diſputationiſque genus <lb></lb>hoc tale eſſe, vt affirmantibus nunquam de<lb></lb>futura ſit fuga, atque certamen contradi<lb></lb>centium, negantibus experimenta: vt non <lb></lb>ſatis hæc futura videantur ad opinionem de <lb></lb>dæmonibus apud ſtudioſos confirmandam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013789">Nam de Telchinibus, cauſam dicere poſſu<lb></lb>mus eſſe naturam lapidum, aut nimis fragi<lb></lb>lium, aut corrupto ſpiritu redundantium <lb></lb>ſulphure, ac bitumine exuſtis. </s> <s id="s.013790">Illud nos ma<lb></lb>gis mouet, quòd cùm aër, ætherque tantæ <lb></lb>ſint magnitudinis, regioque illa adeò amœna, <lb></lb>videamuſque terram habere ſua viuentia, <lb></lb>metalla, lapides plantas, aquam, & ipſam <lb></lb>piſces, tum aërem hunc infimum, quæ reſ<lb></lb>pirant animalia, veriſimile haud videtur <expan abbr="tã-tam">tan<lb></lb>tam</expan> molem vita ex toto eſſe deſtitutam: <lb></lb>quin potius credendum eſt animalîa ibi eſ<lb></lb>ſe tanto his inferioribus excellentiora, <expan abbr="quã-">quan<lb></lb></expan><arrow.to.target n="marg1852"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>to regio illa clarior iſta eſt, ac purior in<lb></lb>feriore. </s> <s id="s.013791">Hoc enim in cæteris ( vt dixi ) ele<lb></lb>mentis cùm obſeruatum à natura videamus, <lb></lb>nec in Elementis tantùm, ſed etiam cœlo, <lb></lb>credendum eſt hanc totam machinam aë<lb></lb>ris ſublimioris animalibus his, quæ nos dæ<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1853"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>monas quaſi ſapientes vocamus, plenam eſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.013792">Nolim ego ad trutinam hæc ſectari, ve<lb></lb>lut Porphyrius, Pſellus, Plotinus, Proclus, <lb></lb>Iamblicus, qui copiosè de his quæ non vide<lb></lb>re, velut hiſtoriam natæ rei ſcripſerunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013793">Philoſophus ſum ego, placitis quantum li<lb></lb>cet Peripateticorum hærens: hi verò non <lb></lb>admittunt dæmonas: nec probabilis eſt opi<lb></lb>nio, quæ illos concedit in tam vaſta mole, <lb></lb>nam hic vt aues, & longè plus frequentes <lb></lb>adeſſent: cùm vix in vna prouincia tota ſe<lb></lb>mel veſtigium, & in pluribus annis appa<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1854"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>reat. </s> <s id="s.013794">Principes etiam, quorum fortuna eſ<lb></lb>ſe ſapientiſſimos mortalium ſuadet, hæc, ta<lb></lb>liaque contemnunt. </s> <s id="s.013795">Illud multos mouet, <lb></lb>quòd ſi vitas primas, ſeu mentes agnoſcunt, <lb></lb>mortales erunt ſimul ac immortales, quod <lb></lb>eſſe non poteſt, Si non, quid prohibetne hu<lb></lb>manum genus deleant? </s> <s id="s.013796">inuiſibiles quum <lb></lb>ſint, & nullius imperio addicti. </s> <s id="s.013797">Vnum tan<lb></lb>tùm ſcire præſtat, non dicere quenquam <lb></lb>probum hominem, dæmonum, etiam ſi ſint, <lb></lb>auxilio vti, contempto Dei optimi benefa<lb></lb>ctoris, & à quo cuncta accepimus, noſtri nu<lb></lb>mine. </s> <s id="s.013798">Ingratiſſimi enim opus eſt hoc homi<lb></lb>nis: videmuſque eos qui talibus ſtudent, aut <lb></lb>illorum falſa perſuaſione dementatos. </s> <s id="s.013799">Con<lb></lb>ſtat enim ex religionis inſtituto peſſimos <lb></lb>eſſe. </s> <s id="s.013800">Si verò aliquid aliud eſt, tum ex ſacri<lb></lb>ficiis, tum ex natura ac potentia ambitio<lb></lb>ſiſſimos. </s> <s id="s.013801">Quod ſi Dei conſenſu iſta fiunt, pa<lb></lb>rent miniſtri regi. </s> <s id="s.013802">Dæmonum igitur auxiliis <lb></lb>inniti fallax, & periculoſum plerunque, im<lb></lb>probi autem aut ſtupidi ſemper. </s> <s id="s.013803">Dei enim <lb></lb>omnia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013804">Præcantationes autem quæcun-<pb pagenum="661" xlink:href="016/01/308.jpg"></pb>que ad animam, corpuſve pertinent. </s> <s id="s.013805">Ob <lb></lb>mutuum conſenſum vim habere exiſtiman<lb></lb>dum eſt: nam & anima animæ affinis eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013806">Reliquas multi auerſantur vt impias, ego <lb></lb>vt eſſet veræ optarem: non enim nunc <expan abbr="pe-riculũ">pe<lb></lb>riculum</expan> eſt idololatriæ, ſed ne Epicurei ſimus, <lb></lb>potius periclitamur: quamobrem ſi conſta<lb></lb>ret ſolis verbis, & maximè quæ Chriſti no<lb></lb>men continerent, accerſiri piſces, aut vinum <lb></lb>in doliis ſeruari, aut dæmonas aliquos eſſe, <lb></lb>quónam meliore modo humanum genus ad <lb></lb>pietatem reuocare poſſemus. </s> <s id="s.013807">Porrò de dæ<lb></lb>monibus atque animæ immortalitate in li<lb></lb>bris <foreign lang="grc">θεονοσοῡ</foreign> dictum ſatis eſt. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013808"><margin.target id="marg1851"></margin.target>Dæmones & <lb></lb>mortui, & <lb></lb>vbi maximè <lb></lb>ſentiantur.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013809"><margin.target id="marg1852"></margin.target>Autores qui <lb></lb>de Dæmoni<lb></lb>bus ſcripſe<lb></lb>runt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013810"><margin.target id="marg1853"></margin.target>Dæmonas <lb></lb>non dari quæ <lb></lb>ſuadeant ra<lb></lb>tiones.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013811"><margin.target id="marg1854"></margin.target>Dæmonium <lb></lb>conſuetudine <lb></lb>vtentes im<lb></lb>probi.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013812">Dubitatur autem de mortuis hominibus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1855"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>an feliciores ſint viuentibus. </s> <s id="s.013813">Reſponſum eſt <lb></lb>ſapienter, neutros. </s> <s id="s.013814">Hi quidem perpetuò in <lb></lb>vmbra mortis requieſcunt, æternumque <lb></lb>omni dolore ac moleſtia carent, æternaque <lb></lb>in tranquillitate, ſuauiter ociantur. </s> <s id="s.013815">Propte<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1856"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rea bene ſcriptum eſt: Beati mortui qui in <lb></lb>Domino moriuntur. </s> <s id="s.013816">Hæc igitur eſt extrema <lb></lb>felicitas mentis noſtræ. </s> <s id="s.013817">Ergo ſi mortui, in<lb></lb>felices eſſe nequeunt: qui viuunt, poſſunt <lb></lb>eſſe felices. </s> <s id="s.013818">Deterior eſt conditio morien<lb></lb>tium: hi enim ſoli ſunt omnes, etſi reges, <lb></lb>& cum multis cadant. </s> <s id="s.013819">Sibi enim ſoli quiſ<lb></lb>que moritur, & mori videtur. </s> <s id="s.013820">Solitudo verò <lb></lb>cùm dolore iuncta acerbo, grauiſſima eſt, & <lb></lb>intolerabilis. </s> <s id="s.013821">Nam ſolatium eſt miſeris, ſo<lb></lb>cios habere pœnarum. </s> <s id="s.013822">At qui moritur, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1857"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>etiam ſi cum aliis mille moriatur, ſocium <lb></lb>habere nequit. </s> <s id="s.013823">Ergo tunc vaſtitas eſt, atque <lb></lb>ſolitudo miſerrima. </s> <s id="s.013824">Ita viuentibus maxima <lb></lb>eſt voluptas in ſocietate. </s> <s id="s.013825">Viuere dicuntur, <lb></lb>qui ſecundùm virtutem viuunt, perpetuo<lb></lb>que viuunt. </s> <s id="s.013826">Homo improbus nullo genere <lb></lb>vitæ viuit: diui vtroque: probus altero: ob id <lb></lb>probus homo & ſi aliquid tale eſt, ſolus <lb></lb>felix eſſe poteſt, & diuis ipſis propinquiſ<lb></lb>ſimus inter mortales omnes, ac maxi<lb></lb>mè perſimilis. </s> <s id="s.013827">Hoc verò magis breuior <lb></lb>eſt Princeps probus, nam hic Deo compa<lb></lb>ratur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013828"><margin.target id="marg1855"></margin.target>Mortui an <lb></lb>vt uenies fe<lb></lb>liciores.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013829"><margin.target id="marg1856"></margin.target>Morientes <lb></lb>omnes ſoli.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013830"><margin.target id="marg1857"></margin.target>Probus vir <lb></lb>diuis maxi<lb></lb>mè ſimilis.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.308.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/308/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013831"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER VIGESIMVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013832"><emph type="center"></emph>De primis ſubſtantiis, ſeu Vitiis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013833">ERGO diuorum vita felix eſt, <lb></lb>ſecura, ſempiterna: homi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1858"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>nibus breue æuum, infelix, <lb></lb>ac ſuſpicionibus, & timore <lb></lb>plenum, quo fit vt à multis <lb></lb>egregiis operibus retrahatur. </s> <s id="s.013834">Tempus verò <lb></lb>quæ agitat comminuit, & quantò arctius, <lb></lb>eò magis atterit. </s> <s id="s.013835">Vnde ictus, vt velociores <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1859"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſunt, ita maius inferunt detrimentum. </s> <s id="s.013836">Nec <lb></lb>quicquam videtur mortalibus triſtius angu<lb></lb>ſtia temporis: illa vrget, impedit, terret, <lb></lb>præcipitem agit, imperfecta que reddit ope<lb></lb>ra. </s> <s id="s.013837">In diuis ergo ipſis nihil eſt quo angantur, <lb></lb>ſed omnia æquali quadam felicitate tranſi<lb></lb>gunt. </s> <s id="s.013838">Intellectus autem eò diuturnior, quò <lb></lb>tenuior: nam eò primæ cauſæ proximior eſt, <lb></lb>quò ſubſtantia tenuiore præditus. </s> <s id="s.013839">Omnis ve<lb></lb>rò intellectus etſi gaudeat ſempiterna quie<lb></lb>te, ſecuritate felice, beatitudine completa, <lb></lb>luce immenſa, ac ſempiterna, & claritate <lb></lb>tanta, vt eam homo, vel ex milleſima par<lb></lb>te non queat imaginari: vel ſi comprehen<lb></lb>deret, momento ſuſtinere. </s> <s id="s.013840">Cumque Sol lu<lb></lb>ceat intellectu, qui ei eſt tanquam anima, <lb></lb>ſin ab eo ſecedere poſſet intellectus, non <lb></lb>aliter luceret Sol quàm terra. </s> <s id="s.013841">Maximum <lb></lb>tamen eſt inter vitas, noſque diſcrimen. </s> <s id="s.013842">At<lb></lb>que inter ipſas etiam longe maius: quòd <lb></lb>enim apud nos maximum eſt comprehendi <lb></lb>nequit: at quod compræhendi nequit, in in<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1860"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>finitum progreditur. </s> <s id="s.013843">Etenim quum oculus <lb></lb>noſter, tam clarè parum luceat lumine anime <lb></lb>noſtræ, qualem dicemus eſſe ſplendorem ea<lb></lb>rum intelligentiarum, quarum claritate Lu<lb></lb>na ſplendet, inde cæteræ ſtellæ, ac multò <lb></lb>magis Sol? </s> <s id="s.013844">Dubitatur autem, quomodo de<lb></lb>lectari poſſint. </s> <s id="s.013845">Namque omnis delectatio, <lb></lb>vt ſuperiùs viſum eſt, poſt triſtitiam fit, aut <lb></lb>dolorem. </s> <s id="s.013846">Aut ipſas non mutari dum dele<lb></lb>ctantur, neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.013847">Quòd ſi poſt triſtitiam <lb></lb>delectantur, triſtitiam pati conſentaneum <lb></lb>videtur. </s> <s id="s.013848">Si autem non mutantur, delectatio <lb></lb>nihil erit: quòd enim non mutat, nihil ad<lb></lb>dit, eſtque ac ſi non eſſet. </s> <s id="s.013849">Si autem ſemper <lb></lb>augetur, in finita facta eſſet, nec augeri poſ<lb></lb>ſet? </s> <s id="s.013850">Sed & infinitas ſoli Deo conuenit. </s> <s id="s.013851">At ſi <lb></lb>viciſſim augetur, minuiturque, cum triſti<lb></lb>tia fiet. </s> <s id="s.013852">Neque enim ſolius mali aduentu <lb></lb>dolor, aut triſtitia, ſed etiam imminuta prio<lb></lb>re felicitate, vt qui è gratia Principis, aut <lb></lb>amici exciderunt: Sed & ſi non delectantur, <lb></lb>felices eſſe non poterunt, parumque differet <lb></lb>hoc ac ſi non eſſent. </s> <s id="s.013853">Athei enim fuerunt <lb></lb>non minus, qui ſuperos eſſe negarunt feli<lb></lb>ces, quàm qui non eſſe exiſtimarunt. </s> <s id="s.013854">Duo<lb></lb>rum igitur alterum eſſe neceſſe eſt: vel vo<lb></lb>luptatem hanc noſtram quæ cum motu eſt, <lb></lb>imaginem tantùm eſſe voluptatis: vel vt vo<lb></lb>luptas in his ſine motu quidem prorſus ſit, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1861"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ea verò ex quibus perpetuò mutentur. </s> <s id="s.013855">No <lb></lb>bis voluptas fortaſſis ſemper eſt cum motu, <lb></lb>quia & nos cum illo ſemper ſumus. </s> <s id="s.013856">In his <lb></lb>verò ſine, quia & ipſi motus omnis expertes <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013857">Cuius quidem rei quandam hîc leuem <lb></lb>habemus imaginem in amore, in quo abſ<lb></lb>que mutationis ſenſu vllo, imò neque deſi<lb></lb>derio delectantur. </s> <s id="s.013858">Mutatione autem rerum <lb></lb>nobis immotis delectationem fieri experi<lb></lb>mur, cùm gemmas alias, atque alias inſpi<lb></lb>ciendo, non intermiſſa, aut imminuta vo<lb></lb>luptate, ſenſus & animus noua quidem ſpe<lb></lb>cie, ſed ſuauitate <expan abbr="eadẽ">eadem</expan> perfunditur. </s> <s id="s.013859">Ea autem <pb pagenum="662" xlink:href="016/01/309.jpg"></pb>quibus delectantur hi, eis ſunt propria, non <lb></lb>quæ hic agantur. </s> <s id="s.013860">Sed vt pueris puerilia, ple<lb></lb>beis parua, magiſtratibus publica, regibus <lb></lb>quæ ad prouincias ſpectant, ita diis (ſic enim <lb></lb>Latinè magis quanquam ob homonymiam, <lb></lb>non abſque ſuſcipione cultus <expan abbr="parũ">parum</expan> pij) quàm <lb></lb>Geniis, Diuis, Dia-ve, Mentibus, Intellecti<lb></lb>bus, <expan abbr="Intelligẽtiis">Intelligentiis</expan>, aut Angelis, dicere licebit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013861">Ariſtoteles Subſtantias primas, Principia, <lb></lb>Animaſque vocat. </s> <s id="s.013862">Vera tamen Latinaque <lb></lb>interpretatione quamvis parum conſueta, <lb></lb>intelligentias appellare licebit: quòd vt <lb></lb>lux nil aliud ſit, quàm ſplendor, & lumen <lb></lb>claritas, ita Dei intelligentia, quòd Deus <lb></lb>maximè ſit, exiſtat, conſiſtatque veluti ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, ſubſtantia eſt: nam ſi Viſus ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia eſſet, idem eſſet Viſus, & quod videt: <lb></lb>Vitas verò quæ verè ſolæ viuunt, non vt <lb></lb>nos media ſemper inter mortem & vitam, <lb></lb>inter vmbram & corpus, inter lunam ac te<lb></lb>nebras, dubiaque luce meritò vocabimus, æ<lb></lb>terna & immortalia. </s> <s id="s.013863">Neque horum exiguus, <lb></lb>aut mediocris numerus qualis nobis vide<lb></lb>tur, ſed ea innumerabilia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013864">Participant <lb></lb>autem diuinitate multa quæcunque talia: <lb></lb>nec decoris, aut claritatis, aut ſplendoris, cæ<lb></lb>terorumque bonorum, quorum etiam gene<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1862"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ra nobis ſunt ignota, meta vlla eſſe videtur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013865">Eorum autem quæ hîc fiunt nulla ſcientia, <lb></lb>neque ignorantia: pars enim ſunt illorum <lb></lb>quibus ipſæ delectantur, quoniam meliori <lb></lb>quodammodo ſunt antequam fierent. </s> <s id="s.013866">Quæ<lb></lb>ſitum autem eſt, in omnia & in omnibus, & <lb></lb>de omnibus? </s> <s id="s.013867">Hoc autem ad aliam tractatio<lb></lb>nem pertinet. </s> <s id="s.013868">Has ergo Dionyſius Areopa<lb></lb>gita in nouem Hîerarchias diſpoſuit: An<lb></lb>gelos, Archangelos, Thronos, Dominatio<lb></lb>nes, Virtutes, Principatus, Poteſtates, Cheru<lb></lb>bim, atque Seraphim. </s> <s id="s.013869">Hæc autem nomina, <lb></lb>Eccleſia in Miſſæ ſolennibus celebrat. </s> <s id="s.013870">Vna<lb></lb>quæque verò harum magis ab altera diſtat, <lb></lb>quàm ab earum vltima humanus intelle<lb></lb>ctus, quum tamen earum nulli ad perfectio<lb></lb>nem quicquam deſit, quoniam in diuerſis <lb></lb>generibus poſitæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.013871">Multò etiam minus <lb></lb>illarum maxima Dei claritatem poteſt com<lb></lb>prehendere, quàm illam noſter intellectus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013872">Ipſa enim diuinitas, infinito ( etiam ab ipſo <lb></lb>primo intellectu ) abſcedit interuallo. </s> <s id="s.013873">Hoc <lb></lb>ſolùm diſcriminis intereſt, quòd intellectus <lb></lb>noſter eſt ſolum verorum intellectuum ima<lb></lb>go indiſcreta, non autem verus intellectus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013874">Vt enim inter ſtrenuiſſimum, ignauiſſimum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013875">que equum maior eſt differentia, quàm inter <lb></lb>ignauiſſimum ac pictum, quia ſtrenuiſſimus <lb></lb>longè plus duplo ignauiſſimum ſuperat, & <lb></lb>tamen vterque verus eſt equus, pictus ne<lb></lb>quaquam: ita pictus equus noſtro intelle<lb></lb>ctui, ignauiſſimus vltimo Deo: ſtrenuiſſi<lb></lb>mus ei, qui ordine illi proximus eſt ſi com<lb></lb>paretur, intelliges planè noſtrum intelle<lb></lb>ctum vmbram quandam eſſe ſolùm veri in<lb></lb>tellectus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1863"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013876"><margin.target id="marg1858"></margin.target>Ictus vt ve<lb></lb>lociores <lb></lb>ſunt, eò ma<lb></lb>gis atterunt.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013877"><margin.target id="marg1859"></margin.target>Vita deorum <lb></lb>qualis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013878"><margin.target id="marg1860"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio oſtendens <lb></lb>primarum <lb></lb>ſubſtantia<lb></lb>rum clarita<lb></lb>tem.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013879"><margin.target id="marg1861"></margin.target>Vitarum de<lb></lb>lectatio qua<lb></lb>lis.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013880"><margin.target id="marg1862"></margin.target>Intelligen<lb></lb>tiarum or<lb></lb>dines.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013881"><margin.target id="marg1863"></margin.target>Intellectus <lb></lb>noſter vm<lb></lb>bratilis eſt.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013882">Noſter enim hic intellectus quum reci<lb></lb>piat ex eorum ipſarum imagine notitiam <lb></lb>quandam, plenus manet obſcuritatis, erro<lb></lb>ris, atque dubitationis. </s> <s id="s.013883">Nec ſemper, imò ne<lb></lb>que diu in opere ſuo manet. </s> <s id="s.013884">At ſupremi illi <lb></lb>intellectus clari, certi, ſynceri, perpetui, aſſi<lb></lb>dueque in opere beato viuunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013885">Forſan dubitat aliquis, quomodo igitur <lb></lb>inter illos, alter altero perfectior eſſe poteſt? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013886">Non ſecus dicendum, quàm qui nouit ſena<lb></lb>rium eſſe perfectum, abſque demonſtratio<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.013887">Hic quidem refert intellectum noſtrum, <lb></lb>obſcurè enim nouit, dubitatque, ac vmbram <lb></lb>ſolam rerum hebet. </s> <s id="s.013888">Itaque velut ſenſus bel<lb></lb>luarum, qui corticem ſolùm percipiunt ad <lb></lb>humanos ſenſus, qui medullam, ita intelle<lb></lb>ctus noſter ad intellectus veros. </s> <s id="s.013889">Nec ſecus ac <lb></lb>qui pulchrum palatium foris ſtans inſpicit, <lb></lb>nihil eorum quæ intus ſunt, aut fiunt, quæ<lb></lb>que maxima ſunt & pulcherrima, nouit: ita <lb></lb>mens noſtra medullam rerum non attingens, <lb></lb>quædam ſolùm externa inclyti huius diuini <lb></lb>oppificij contemplatur, & admiratur. </s> <s id="s.013890">Rurſus <lb></lb>finge intelligentem per demonſtrationem, <lb></lb>quòd ſenarius perfectus eſt, huic ad exquiſi<lb></lb>tam cognitionem quum nihil deſit, nomen <lb></lb>perfecti conuenit. </s> <s id="s.013891">Eò tamen rurſus perfe<lb></lb>ctior eſt, qui demonſtratione aſſequutus eſt, <lb></lb>quòd in ſe ductus ſeipſum ſupra denarios <lb></lb>conficit. </s> <s id="s.013892">Qui verò præter hæc, quòd diuiſis <lb></lb>cubis, numeris per ipſum latera illorum re<lb></lb>linquat, hic etiam ſecundo præſtantior eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013893">Eò etiam melior qui demonſtratione nouit, <lb></lb>quòd diſpoſitis ab vnitate ſenariis iunctiſ<lb></lb>que ordine, qui fiunt numeri, ſi rurſus eo<lb></lb>dem ordine iungantur, ſemper efficiunt cu<lb></lb>bitos numeros. <lb></lb> 1 1 1 . 1 <lb></lb> 6 7 8 . 2 <lb></lb>12 19 27 . 3 <lb></lb>18 37 64 . 4 <lb></lb>24 61 125 . 5 <lb></lb>30 91 216 . 6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013894">Ergo quòd intellectus noſter imbecillis, <lb></lb>ſatis eſt manifeſtum: cur tamen, nondum <lb></lb>diximus. </s> <s id="s.013895">At Deus meliorem efficere nequi<lb></lb>uit, non quia non potuerit, ſed quia talem <lb></lb>eſſe debere, melius exiſtimauit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013896">Igitur vt horum intellectuum cognoſca<arrow.to.target n="marg1864"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mus naturam, corporum quæ per ipſos re<lb></lb>guntur vires ſcire oportebit. </s> <s id="s.013897">Luna igitur <lb></lb>ipſa gubernat elementa & corpora anima<lb></lb>torum. </s> <s id="s.013898">Huic Angeli, id eſt, nuncij præſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013899">Horum Gabriel princeps, id eſt, Dei robur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013900">Nam & Lunæ lumine cuncta ad nos è cœlo <lb></lb>deferuntur, & robuſtiſſima eſt in vita. </s> <s id="s.013901">Mer<lb></lb>curius, intellectui ac ſenſibus omnibus præ<lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.013902">Virtutes Mercurio: virtutibus Raphaël, <lb></lb>id eſt, Dei medicina. </s> <s id="s.013903">Nam mortalium me<lb></lb>dicina, eſt ſenſus cum intellectu, quibus vir<lb></lb>tutes in nobis comparantur. </s> <s id="s.013904">Venus, volupta<lb></lb>tis & delectationis mater eſt, iungitque nos <lb></lb>ad ſobolem procreandam. </s> <s id="s.013905">Illi dominationes <lb></lb>præficiuntur, vim enim habent cuſtodiendi <lb></lb>ſingulorum ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.013906">At cuſtodia generatio<lb></lb>ne, generatio concubitu, concubitus amore <lb></lb>perficitur. </s> <s id="s.013907">Summus qui Veneri inter domi<lb></lb>nationes præeſt, Anaël, id eſt, Dei gratia vo<lb></lb>catus eſt. </s> <s id="s.013908">Dei enim gratia eſt, amari atque <lb></lb>amare, iungi fœcundæ, & ſobolem procrea<lb></lb>re, tum pulchritudo ipſa, & iucunditas. </s> <s id="s.013909">Soli <lb></lb>vita omnium data eſt: ordo præeſt illi A<lb></lb>changelorum, id eſt Principum nunciorum: <lb></lb>nam virtus omnis à Sole per Lunam demit<lb></lb>titur: horum Michaël Princeps, id eſt, quis <lb></lb>ſicut Deus nec eſt quicquam Soli ſimile, vn<lb></lb>de etiam Sol quaſi ſolus dictus. </s> <s id="s.013910">Mars forti-<pb pagenum="663" xlink:href="016/01/310.jpg"></pb>tudinem & audaciam præbet, aliter in per<lb></lb>petuo eſſemus timore: cuius orbi præſunt Po<lb></lb>teſtates: nam in fortitudine potentia, & cum <lb></lb>poteſtate fortitudo iungitur. </s> <s id="s.013911">Princeps pote<lb></lb>ſtatum Samaël, id eſt, Dei auditus: nam po<lb></lb>tentia & fortitudo in Dei auditu poſita eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013912">Iupiter eſt qui miſcet ac temperat omnia, <lb></lb>vnde facultates & vires: cuius ordo Principa<lb></lb>tus in moderatione & temperantia conſti<lb></lb>tutus: vnde illarum princeps Sachiel, id eſt, <lb></lb>Dei quies: nam in temperantia & modera<lb></lb>tione quiete potimur: idem autor tranquilli<lb></lb>tatis temporum, pacis & felicitatis. </s> <s id="s.013913">Sed Sa<lb></lb>turnus firmitatem dat, idemque ac ſolus fer<lb></lb>mè humidum & calorem aliorum temperat, <lb></lb>crediturque ob frigiditatem ac ſiccitatem <lb></lb>mortis ac mortuorum dominus. </s> <s id="s.013914">Cuſtodiunt <lb></lb>eum Throni: nam ab ipſo regna firmantur, <lb></lb>& quæcunque diuturnitatem habent: Thro<lb></lb>nus enim ſedes eſt. </s> <s id="s.013915">Huius itaque Dominus <lb></lb>Caſſiel vocatur, id eſt, Dei ſpes: nam diutur<lb></lb>nitas ſpem affert ac ſecuritatem. </s> <s id="s.013916">Octauo or<lb></lb>bi dominantur Seraphim, id eſt, ardentes: vi<lb></lb>dentur enim lumina illa tot eius orbis arde<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.013917">Sed primo cœlo Cherubim, id eſt, ſcien<lb></lb>tes præſunt. </s> <s id="s.013918">Qui enim verè ſciunt, niſi qui <lb></lb>Deo proximi, illum intuentur? </s> <s id="s.013919">Verùm nu<lb></lb>merum intelligentiarum non eſt facilè aſſe<lb></lb>qui. </s> <s id="s.013920">Nam cùm totum cœlum intelligat, ſem<lb></lb>perque multitudo non videtur neceſſaria. </s> <s id="s.013921">Sin <lb></lb>verò paucæ ſint, haud videtur conſonum in <lb></lb>tam paruo ſpatio tot mortalibus ærumnas <lb></lb>tribuiſſe, in tam amplo tam paucis felicita<lb></lb>tem conceſſiſſe. </s> <s id="s.013922">Infinitam igitur non ſub or<lb></lb>dine vno contentam multitudinem, non <lb></lb>quadraginta quatuor eſſe cenſendum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013923">Verùm quanticunque ſint illis certè honos <lb></lb>habendus eſt: quod obſeruatione digniores <lb></lb>longè ſint parentibus, regibus ac diuis, quos <lb></lb>venerari ſolemus, adorare non licet: atque <lb></lb>hic maximus humanæ ſapientiæ fructus, <lb></lb>cùm animas corporibus iunctas, agnoſci<lb></lb>mus, amamus, reueremur, corpora autem ip<lb></lb>ſa ſola nequaquam, </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013924"><margin.target id="marg1864"></margin.target>Vitarum <lb></lb>munera & <lb></lb>nomina.</s> </p> <figure id="id.016.01.310.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/310/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013925"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBER VIGESIMVSPRIMVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013926"><emph type="center"></emph>De Deo & Vniuerſo.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013927">HVCVSQVE de Mundi partibus <lb></lb>ac earum accidentibus dictum <lb></lb>eſt: nunc reliquum eſt vt de <lb></lb>totius natura ac abditis qui<lb></lb>buſdam principiis loquamur: <lb></lb>deinceps autem de Deo, qui cùm cunctorum <lb></lb>autor ſit, meritò ſeorſum locum poſtulat, ſe<lb></lb>paratamque tractationem. </s> <s id="s.013928">Initium igitur <lb></lb>altius ducentes, aërem ſublimiore parte vbi <lb></lb>à radiis ſolix reflexis non incaleſcit, frigi<lb></lb>dum eſſe demonſtrauimus. </s> <s id="s.013929">Quocirca magna <lb></lb>in dubitatione verſari Ariſtotelis ſectatores <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt, qui calidum aërem eſſe aſtruunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013930">Verùm cùm ea quæ à termino ad terminum <lb></lb>ſenſim mutantur, vt longius ab altero diſtat, <lb></lb>ita etiam minus ea qualitate afficiuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013931">Itaque neceſſe eſt aërem vt altiore in parte <lb></lb>conſtiterit, eò eſſe frigidiorem, niſi cum leui<lb></lb>tate ſua, ac tenuitate, temperamento proximè <lb></lb>acceſſerit. </s> <s id="s.013932">Quare quum aër ob radios à terra re<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1865"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>flexos incaleſcat, ſublimi in parte frigidior <lb></lb>erit, quam in media. </s> <s id="s.013933">Et ob id habitare mediis <lb></lb>in domibus hyeme, ſublimibus, in æſtate op<lb></lb>timum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013934">Æſtate autem duplex vapor, pin<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1866"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>guis ac craſſus, eſt quo fit ros: vnde rore <lb></lb>maximæ arua impinguantur, nec aſcendit ob <lb></lb>craſſitiem. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013935"><margin.target id="marg1865"></margin.target>Habitatio <lb></lb>vbi optima.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013936"><margin.target id="marg1866"></margin.target>Ros quomodo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013937">Manna quid.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013938">Vbi verò melius concoquitur, vt in cali<lb></lb>dis regionibus à frigore cogitur ſuper plan<lb></lb>tas, vocaturque Manna: Vnde in deſerto <lb></lb>Targa populorum Libyæ, tantum colligitur <lb></lb>ſingulo die ex ea, maximè iuxta Agadez vr<lb></lb>bem, vt libra 28. vnciarum duobus aſſi<lb></lb>bus venerat. </s> <s id="s.013939">Viuunt illius vſu incolumes, <lb></lb>quamvis aër ſit peſtifer. </s> <s id="s.013940">Colligitur ſere<lb></lb>nis noctibus, tum quia frigidioribus, tum <lb></lb>quia in nubium materiam ros tranſire ne<lb></lb>quit: cogitur enim ( vt dixi ) à frigore. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013941">Cùm igitur pluuia generatur, frigus ma<lb></lb>gnum eſſe non poteſt: rapitur enim vapor <lb></lb>à calore, a frigore denſatur. </s> <s id="s.013942">Pluuia igitur <lb></lb>cum frigore eſſe poteſt: vbi generatur calor, <lb></lb>neceſſariò viget. </s> <s id="s.013943">Manna igitur pauca, vel <lb></lb>nulla noctibus nubiloſis, multò minus cum <lb></lb>pluuia: colliquatur enim Tria illius genera: <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1867"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>optimum quod in foliis colligitur, medio<lb></lb>cre quod in ramis, peſſimum quod in ter<lb></lb>ra. </s> <s id="s.013944">Igitur pars pinguior vaporum tranſit in <lb></lb>rorem: quòd verò aſcendit, cogitur à fri<lb></lb>gore in aëre tenui, & vertitur in pluuiam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013945">Æſtate igitur parum pluit, quòd calor mi<lb></lb>nus rapiat quàm ſiccet: in noſtris enim <lb></lb>regionibus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> calor ſit imbecillix, ſenſim va<lb></lb>pores ad ſe trahit, qui à ſiccitate abſumun<lb></lb>tur antequam vertantur in pluuias. </s> <s id="s.013946">Ob id <lb></lb>pluuiæ ſi fiant, repente fiunt: nam vbi <lb></lb>moram traxerint nubes, à Solis ſiccitate <lb></lb>abſumuntur. </s> <s id="s.013947">Sed nec hyeme: non enim <lb></lb>trahitur vapor ob imbecillitatem Solis, va<lb></lb>de ſerenitas fit: aut ſi trahitur, non altius <lb></lb>trahitur, vnde caliginoſus aër vel ſi altius <lb></lb>trahitur, leuiſſima pars ſolùm aſcendit, nec <lb></lb>cogitur, ob aëris craſſitiem, & tenuita<lb></lb>tem vaporis: aër autem craſſior, quia <lb></lb>frigidus. </s> <s id="s.013948">Ideò cùm non cogatur, fit nix: <lb></lb>nam nix eſt congelatio vaporis non coacti, <lb></lb>propter tenuitatem propriæ ſubſtantiæ, & <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1868"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aëris craſſitiem. </s> <s id="s.013949">Igitur nix fit altiore loco <lb></lb>quàm pruina, & ex tenuiore vapore: quare <lb></lb>pruina frigidior eſt niue. </s> <s id="s.013950">Et ob id occidit <pb pagenum="664" xlink:href="016/01/311.jpg"></pb>magis arbores, & excæcat quàm nix, <lb></lb>tum etiam quia pruina ſerius aduenit. </s> <s id="s.013951">Nam <lb></lb>nix non niſi hyeme fit, quia tenuis illa <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1869"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſubſtantia non facilè congelatur. </s> <s id="s.013952">At ros <lb></lb>facilè congelatur, quia terreus eſt, ideò ſe<lb></lb>rius aduenit pruina quàm nix. </s> <s id="s.013953">Quid dico <lb></lb>ſerius? </s> <s id="s.013954">celerius inchoat tempus pruinæ, & <lb></lb>tardius finitur quàm niuis. </s> <s id="s.013955">Indicium eſt <lb></lb>pruinam circa terram fieri, quòd in domi<lb></lb>bus iuxta vdos parietes fiat: loco enim ro<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1870"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ris in hyeme fit pruina. </s> <s id="s.013956">Quare neque nix, <lb></lb>neque pruina gelaſcit, neque in grandi<lb></lb>nem vertitur. </s> <s id="s.013957">Oportet enim ad grandinem, <lb></lb>& glaciem faciendam cogi vaporem: at in <lb></lb>niue & pruina aër eſt, igitur neque nix, <lb></lb>neque pruina, dum conſiſtunt, in glaciem, <lb></lb>aut grandinem tranſire poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.013958">Grando <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1871"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>autem altiore loco fit, quàm nix: tum quia <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt æſtate altiorem locum eſſe vbi <lb></lb>frigeat, quàm hyeme: hoc enim ab ini<lb></lb>tio demonſtratum eſt: tum quia vapores <lb></lb>æſtate, ob aëris tenuitatem, & illorum ca<lb></lb>lorem, ac ſubtilitatem, & Solis vim al<lb></lb>tius attolluntur. </s> <s id="s.013959">In grandine autem com<lb></lb>preſſionem fieri neceſſe eſt, vt cogatur in <lb></lb>glaciem. </s> <s id="s.013960">Fit autem quandoque tantæ ma<lb></lb>gnitudinis, vt ingentibus lapidibus æque<lb></lb>tur, & iumenta occidat, & domos diruat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013961">Commune eſt autem arborum fructus, ac <lb></lb>ſegetes confringere, excutere, atque pro<lb></lb>ſtrare. </s> <s id="s.013962">Sed grandinem abſque ventis gene<lb></lb>rari eſt impoſſibile: nam ſi aër tenuis eſt, <lb></lb>non eſt frigidus, quare gelaſcere non po<lb></lb>teſt vapor, ſi craſſus abſque ventis cogi <lb></lb>non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.013963">Ad grandinem autem & co<lb></lb>gi vaporem ne nix fiat, aut pruina, & <lb></lb>gelaſcere, ne aqua ac pluuia, neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013964">Quamobrem nix & grando ſimul vix fieri <lb></lb>queunt. </s> <s id="s.013965">Vtraque autem pluuiæ copulari <lb></lb>poteſt, quoniam quod non congelatur, & <lb></lb>cogitur, pluuia fit, non grando: quod co<lb></lb>gitur dum aër tenuior eſt, quàm vt om<lb></lb>nem prohibeat contractionem, niui vt <lb></lb>pluuia ſociatur. </s> <s id="s.013966">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, & <lb></lb>cum niue, & cum grandine frigora maxi<lb></lb>ma fieri: ſicut hyeme cùm pluit, teporem: <lb></lb>aliter enim nix fieret. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013967"><margin.target id="marg1867"></margin.target>Pluuia quo<lb></lb>modo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013968"><margin.target id="marg1868"></margin.target>Nix quo<lb></lb>modo.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013969"><margin.target id="marg1869"></margin.target>Pruina fri<lb></lb>gidior niue. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013970">Pruina cur <lb></lb>magis occi<lb></lb>dat arbores <lb></lb>quàm nix.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013971"><margin.target id="marg1870"></margin.target>Pruina quo<lb></lb>modo fiat.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.013972"><margin.target id="marg1871"></margin.target>Grando quo<lb></lb>modo gene<lb></lb>retur.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.013973">At dices quónam pacto in montium ca<lb></lb>cuminibus nix fiet, & quomodo ea erunt <lb></lb>frigidiſſima, cùm ibi à monte reflexio fiat? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013974">Sed nil mirum eſt in ipſo cacumine montis <lb></lb>frigus maximum eſſe, quia cùm aër natura <lb></lb>ſit frigidiſſimus, etiam locus ex quo radij, <lb></lb>reflectuntur inæqualis eſt, vt non ad eun<lb></lb>dem locum reflectantur. </s> <s id="s.013975">Eſt etiam anguſtus, <lb></lb>& ideò parua fit reflexio: tùm verò per ſe <lb></lb>natura frigidus, quoniam lapideus, pars etiam <lb></lb>montis in vmbra poſita: & quod maximum <lb></lb>eſt, partes cacumini vicinæ, quoniam ab <lb></lb>imo vallium, & à plano terræ plurimum <lb></lb>diſtant, ideò ſunt frigidiſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.013976">Flantibus <lb></lb>igitur ventis cùm aër per æquiſtantia fe<lb></lb>ratur, montium cacumina mirum in modum <lb></lb>refrigerari neceſſe eſt: hoc autem in Pro<lb></lb>blematibus a nobis oſtenſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.013977">At cùm <lb></lb>nebulæ altiùs à iugo montis attollantur, li<lb></lb>cet à terra non plus 2000. paſſuum eleuen<lb></lb>tur, quia tamen à iugo montis, hinc fit vt <lb></lb>à plano terræ longè plus diſtent nebulæ: vt <lb></lb>ſi mons quinque millia paſſuum aſcendat, <lb></lb>nebulæ ad 7000. paſſuum quandoque à pla<lb></lb>no terræ fermè diſtent. </s> <s id="s.013978">Tum verò fiunt ni<lb></lb>ues ob nimiam altitudinem nebularum, in <lb></lb>hyeme etiam tepida, aut grando in æſtate. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013979">Commune enim eſt niuibus, grandini, nim<lb></lb>bis, duobus modis fieri: aut ibidem eleua<lb></lb>to vapore, aut alibi, atque eo per ventos <lb></lb>tranſlato. </s> <s id="s.013980">Verùm grando vbicunque fiat non <lb></lb>abſque vento fit: plerunque autem pluribus <lb></lb>inuicem pugnantibus ventis. </s> <s id="s.013981">Aqua autem <lb></lb>difficillimè altius aſcendit, tum quia coge<lb></lb>retur, tum quia grauis ſpontè deſcendit, ſi <lb></lb>non impetu ventorum contineatur. </s> <s id="s.013982">Sed <expan abbr="grã-dini">gran<lb></lb>dini</expan> contingit, quia non fit niſi cogatur, vt <lb></lb>ſono nolarum perſæpè diſſipetur. </s> <s id="s.013983">Aër enim <lb></lb>altius cum impetu exiguo delatus, prohibet <lb></lb>cogi vaporem. </s> <s id="s.013984">Cùm autem coguntur, deſ<lb></lb>cendunt impetu grauitatis, & ventorum: <lb></lb>parte autem qua aërem ſcindunt, fiunt pla<lb></lb>niores, atque candidiores, vnde tonſuram <lb></lb>habere videntur, vulguſque ignauum ob <lb></lb>id putat cecidiſſe ſacerdotum præcantatio<lb></lb>nibus. </s> <s id="s.013985">Cùm verò vapor accenſus magna vi <lb></lb>lacerat nubes denſatas, fiunt fulgura, & ex <lb></lb>illorum caſu tonitrua. </s> <s id="s.013986">At cùm nebulæ qui<lb></lb>bus niues continentur denſæ non ſint, lace<lb></lb>rari cum impetu nequeunt: quare neque <lb></lb>fulgur, neque tonitru auditur, dum nix deſ<lb></lb>cendit, vt nec hyeme. </s> <s id="s.013987">Si verò hyeme co<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1872"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ruſcet, & tonitru exaudiatur, pluuia non nix <lb></lb>deſcendit, & perſæpe grando, vt annis pro<lb></lb>ximè præteritis contigit menſe Decembri <lb></lb>bis, & iuxta brumam. </s> <s id="s.013988">Hoc autem quia vapor <lb></lb>calidus aſcendens eam regionem tepefece<lb></lb>rat. </s> <s id="s.013989">Ergo pluuiæ hyeme minimè fiunt, raræ <lb></lb>& breues æſtate. </s> <s id="s.013990">Vere autem cùm plus ſe<lb></lb>quens dies abſumat, quàm prior traxerit <lb></lb>( nam dies poſterior calidior eſt in vere, & <lb></lb>breuiorem habeat noctem ) ob id minus <lb></lb>pluit, quàm autumno: diutius autem quàm <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1873"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>æſtate, ac ſæpius, quàm hyeme. </s> <s id="s.013991">Ex hoc li<lb></lb>quet, cùm plurimum pluerit hyeme, tepi<lb></lb>dam futuram hyemem, ac minus ſalubrem: <lb></lb>ſi æſtate, humidum eſſe aërem, atque ob <lb></lb>id morboſum: ſi vere, frigidum Ver. </s> <s id="s.013992">Au<lb></lb>tumno verò pluuias maximas, ac diutur<lb></lb>nas fieri contingit: vnde creditum eſt hoc <lb></lb>fieri exortu Arcturi, ſed hoc perperàm. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.013993">Nam autumno cùm adhuc Sol validus ſit, <lb></lb>multi vapores ſurſum attrahuntur: ſed <lb></lb>cùm ſuccedens dies longiorem præceden<lb></lb>te habeat noctem, & ipſa dies etiam te<lb></lb>pidior, neceſſe eſt cogi vaporem, inde<lb></lb>que deſcendere. </s> <s id="s.013994">Terra autem madefacta <lb></lb>rurſus trahitur quod deſcenderat, vtpote <lb></lb>in terræ ſuperficie hærens, atque etiam <lb></lb>aliquid profundius quod additur, atque <lb></lb>ita fiunt non ſolùm pluuiæ, atque imbres, <lb></lb>ſed etiam nimbi. </s> <s id="s.013995">Hoc autem maximè con<lb></lb>tingit, cùm ex humidiore loco ventis de<lb></lb>latæ nubes initium pluuiæ dederint: aliter <lb></lb>autem ſenſim coguntur, ac ſenſim augen<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.013996">Si ex alio loco deferantur, repentè ma<lb></lb>gni eſſe incipiunt. </s> <s id="s.013997">Si autem non decidant, <lb></lb>hoc eſt ob vnam trium cauſarum: vel quia <lb></lb>non incipiunt, & tunc ſicciſſimus ille pror<lb></lb>ſus eſt autumnus: vel quia poſtquàm pri<lb></lb>mò deciderint, argue rurſus coactæ nubes <pb pagenum="665" xlink:href="016/01/312.jpg"></pb>fuerint, aliò per ventos tranferuntur, & <lb></lb>tunc autumnus ille ventoſus eſt: vel quia <lb></lb>calor eſt ſiccior, & tunc peſtifer eſt, ac <lb></lb>malarum ægritudinum cauſa. </s> <s id="s.013998">Super Africæ <lb></lb>montes igitur atque Æthiopiæ fieri poſſunt <lb></lb>niues, quoniam vapor eò altius rapi po<lb></lb>teſt, vt ob frigiditatem aëris cogatur, atque <lb></lb>ita congeletur, & in niues tranſeant. </s> <s id="s.013999">Ser<lb></lb>uatur autem parte Soli intacta, & inter ar<lb></lb>bores, & propter ſaxa. </s> <s id="s.014000">In Æthiopia autem <lb></lb>Auſtrales partes montium, qui ſunt in <lb></lb>parte Auſtrali, à Sole, & Boreales Borea<lb></lb>lium, intactæ ſunt à Sole, tum maximè cùm <lb></lb>accedit & procul eſt. </s> <s id="s.014001">Nix autem per ſe ob <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1874"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>aerem candidiſſima eſt: nigrior glacies, quòd <lb></lb>ex aqua fiat, in qua nullus prorſus eſt aër: <lb></lb>media grando, quæ ex aqua ſit, ſed ea quæ <lb></lb>ex vaporibus coacta eſt, ob id nec aëris <lb></lb>experte. </s> <s id="s.014002">Candida igitur grando minus fri<lb></lb>gida, & minoribus ventis fit, & humi<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1875"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>liore loco deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.014003">Cùm autem vapor <lb></lb>ſiccus, ac minimè aridus aſcendat, quòd <lb></lb>rarius contingit, fit hiatus. </s> <s id="s.014004">Nam cùm ni<lb></lb>gram maculam in pictura feceris, & procul <lb></lb>ſtatueris, videbitur macula hiatus, tene<lb></lb>bræ, ob coloris qui in hiatu, ac foramini<lb></lb>bus apparet, ſimilitudinem. </s> <s id="s.014005">Sed vt ad niues <lb></lb>reuertar, cur plerunque æſtate minus vi<lb></lb>dentur in cacumine, quàm in medio? </s> <s id="s.014006">Non <lb></lb>alia cauſa eſt, quàm quòd cacumen Soli ni<lb></lb>ues colliquanti exponitur: reliquæ partes <lb></lb>& maximè Soli aduerſæ, ab eo tutæ ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014007">His viſis nunc oſtendamus primùm, cur <lb></lb>ſub torrida zona partes aliquæ poſſint ha<lb></lb>bitari, quædam non. </s> <s id="s.014008">Habitantur partes vbi <lb></lb>fluuij ſunt, vel vbi pluit. </s> <s id="s.014009">At quæ vtroque <lb></lb>præſidio carent, omninò non habitantur, <lb></lb>niſi pauca emporia, & ea ſola, ſine locis <lb></lb>vicinis, ſine villis, atque etiam malè. </s> <s id="s.014010">Sed <lb></lb>cur hæ partes aridæ, illæ autem imbribus <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1876"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>humidæ? </s> <s id="s.014011">quærenda in his diligenter cauſa <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.014012">Cùm igitur pluuia fieri debet (vt dictum <lb></lb>eſt<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> neceſſe eſt vaporem humidum manere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014013">Manet autem, quia non diſſipatur à calore. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014014">Apud nos autem non manet, aut rarò in æ<lb></lb>ſtate, quia ſenſim ( vt dictum eſt ) exhau<lb></lb>ritur propter imbecillitatem Solis, & no<lb></lb>ctium breuitatem: at in torrida zona cùm <lb></lb>Sol ſuperſtat capiti, maxima vi ac con<lb></lb>fertim, maxima quantitas vaporum ob <lb></lb>Solis robur aſcendit, quæ tum ob longi<lb></lb>tudinem noctis ſuccedentis, tum ob mul<lb></lb>titudinem diſſipari non poteſt: quare con<lb></lb>gregata in pluuiam deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.014015">Nam cùm <lb></lb>ignis non queat multam aquam, niſi lon<lb></lb>giſſimo tempore diſſipare, quid de vi So<lb></lb>lis, quæ longè in ſiccando igne inferior <lb></lb>eſt? </s> <s id="s.014016">Accedit quòd ob multitudinem atque <lb></lb>craſſitiem vaporum, Solis radij penetrare <lb></lb>nequeunt, ob id ſolùm ſuperiorum vapo<lb></lb>rum portio quædam conſumitur, reliqua <lb></lb>tota manente, quæ per pluuiam deſcen<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.014017">Cùm vis Solis admodum robuſta ſit, <lb></lb>denuò rapitur quod decideat, aliquid<lb></lb>que accedit ex intimis terræ viſceribus, <lb></lb>vel à mari, vel à fluminibus, vel à proxi<lb></lb>mis montibus. </s> <s id="s.014018">Vnde pluuia iterum eadem <lb></lb>die redit, & perſæpe maior. </s> <s id="s.014019">Perſeuerat au<lb></lb>tem alibi diebus 40. alibi 60. & alibi etiam <lb></lb>per tres menſes integros: igitur ventos <lb></lb>validos abeſſe neceſſe eſt: abſunt autem, <lb></lb>quia Sol robuſtus tenuem exhalationem <lb></lb>diſſoluit, craſſam autem non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014020">Quòd <lb></lb>& ſi adſint venti, tam firma, ac ſtabilis <lb></lb>eſt pluuiæ ( vt dictum eſt ) generationis <lb></lb>cauſa, vt licet ſerenitas duos aut tres exci<lb></lb>piat dies, tamen illicò redit ad pluuias. </s> <s id="s.014021">So<lb></lb>le igitur capitibus ſuperſtante, ter aut qua<lb></lb>ter ſingulis diebus pluit in Æthiopia atque <lb></lb>India: nam ſic vocantur partes terræ, ad <lb></lb>quas Sol perpendicularis, & è directò ad<lb></lb>uenit. </s> <s id="s.014022">Sed an vbique pluat, incertum eſt: <lb></lb>non enim eſſent loca deſerta, arenoſaque, <lb></lb>ſi vbique plueret: adſunt autem, non igi<lb></lb>tur vbique pluit. </s> <s id="s.014023">Non pluit igitur alicubi, <lb></lb>quia mare, & flumina, & montes procul <lb></lb>abſunt. </s> <s id="s.014024">In montibus autem neceſſariò pluit, <lb></lb>aliter à calore Solis in arenam conuerteren<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.014025">Igitur vbi diutiùs. </s> <s id="s.014026">Sol moratur aſſidui <lb></lb>decidunt imbres: Sole recedente ſiccatur <lb></lb>terra, quia plus reſoluitur, quàm trahatur: <lb></lb>quoniam calor eſt moderatus, & ſenſim tra<lb></lb>hit, & quod trahitur, diſſoluitur: nam diſ<lb></lb>ſipatus vapor ac tenuis in aërem tranſit: at<lb></lb>que ſic primò ſicceſcit aër, inde ab aëre & <lb></lb>Sole terra. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014027"><margin.target id="marg1872"></margin.target>Nix cur ſine <lb></lb>fulgure, & <lb></lb>tonitru deci<lb></lb>dat cauſæ <lb></lb>tres.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014028"><margin.target id="marg1873"></margin.target>Autumno <lb></lb>cur multæ <lb></lb>pluuiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014029"><margin.target id="marg1874"></margin.target>Glaciei & <lb></lb>grandinis <lb></lb>differentia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014030"><margin.target id="marg1875"></margin.target>Hiatus cœli <lb></lb>cauſa.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014031"><margin.target id="marg1876"></margin.target>Pluuia & <lb></lb>nubes cur <lb></lb>ſemper vbi <lb></lb>Sol vertici <lb></lb>ſuperſtat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014032">Duo igitur contraria ſub torrida zona ac<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1877"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>cidunt his, quæ in hac regione. </s> <s id="s.014033">Primum <lb></lb>quòd aduentu Solis pluuiæ generantur, re<lb></lb>cedente Sole ſiccatur terra: & ita æſtas hu<lb></lb>mida eſt, hyems autem ſicca. </s> <s id="s.014034">Hic autem æ<lb></lb>ſtas ſicca eſt, & minimè pluuioſa, hyems au<lb></lb>tem pluuioſa, aut niuoſa, & humida. </s> <s id="s.014035">Secun<lb></lb>dum, quod ex primo pendet, eſt: ex acceſſu <lb></lb>Solis fit hyems illis, nobis autem æſtas: il<lb></lb>lis autem ex extremo receſſu Solis æſtas, <lb></lb>nobis autem hyems. </s> <s id="s.014036">Sed in inſula. </s> <s id="s.014037">S. </s> <s id="s.014038">Thomæ <lb></lb>regis Luſitaniæ, ſub æquinoctij circulo poſi<lb></lb>ta, cùm Sol eſt in ſignis borealibus, flant <lb></lb>venti, Auſter, Sirochus, & Garbinus voca<lb></lb>ti, qui pluuias adducunt: humidi enim ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014039">Boreas, Græcus, & Magiſter ( ita enim hos <lb></lb>ventos vocant ) non flant ibi, propterea il<lb></lb>lis duæ hyemes, cùm Sol eſt in æquinoctiis, <lb></lb>& ſuperſtat illorum capitibus: & à Martio <lb></lb>ad Auguſtum frigus cum ventis, tuncque <lb></lb>ver eſt. </s> <s id="s.014040">Cùm verò Sol eſt in auſtralibus ſi<lb></lb>gnis, à Solſtitio, id eſt, Decembri, Ianuario, <lb></lb>Februario, æſtas. </s> <s id="s.014041">Dum etiam eſt in auſtrali<lb></lb>bus ante ſolſtitium, hyems longior eſt. </s> <s id="s.014042">Cuius <lb></lb>extrema pars, quòd pluuiis etiam abundet, <lb></lb>& tamen calidior ſit, pro autumno habenda <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.014043">Sic tempora contrario ordine diſpoſita <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014044">Ver enim hyemem, autumnus æſtatem <lb></lb>antecedit. </s> <s id="s.014045">Vbi verò pluuiæ non adſunt fre<lb></lb>quentes, motus Solis habita ratione octo an<lb></lb>ni tempora erunt. </s> <s id="s.014046">Ver geminum Sole ad æ<lb></lb>quinoctia accedente: ab eiſdem autem re<lb></lb>cedente, duæ æſtates. </s> <s id="s.014047">Rurſus ad Solſtitia ac<lb></lb>cedente autumni duo, quibus ſuperatis toti<lb></lb>dem hyemes haud tamen frigidæ. </s> <s id="s.014048">Vbi autem <lb></lb>etiam aquæ propè ſunt, & aër liber, quatuor <lb></lb>tantum tempora experiuntur: hyemes duas <lb></lb>ſub æquinoctiis, atque inter illas duplex ver: <lb></lb>vt meritò, & temperatam, & felicem ſub <lb></lb>æquinoctij circulo habitationem eſſe refe<lb></lb>rant. </s> <s id="s.014049">Quæ igitur in noſtris regionibus eue<lb></lb>niunt, demonſtratione non indigent: quæ <lb></lb>verò dicta ſunt, & quæ in Æthiopia con<lb></lb>tingunt, vt circa ſolſtitia fiant hyemes, <pb pagenum="666" xlink:href="016/01/313.jpg"></pb>quoniam ad Capricorni circulum poſita ſit, <lb></lb>nunc docere oportet. </s> <s id="s.014050">Ergo ſub æquinoctij <lb></lb>circulo accedente ( vt dixi ) Sole, confer<lb></lb>tim attrahitur vapor, qui cùm ſit adeò <lb></lb>copioſus, atque inter terram, & Solem <lb></lb>poſitus, refrigerat modicè aërem, & hu<lb></lb>mectat vehementer: talis autem conſtitu<lb></lb>tio meritò hyems vocatur. </s> <s id="s.014051">Igitur cùm <lb></lb>Sol eſt in illorum verticibus, tunc inci<lb></lb>pit. </s> <s id="s.014052">Quamobrem hyems ad aduentu Solis <lb></lb>fit, à receſſu autem (vt diximus) æſtas at<lb></lb>que ſerenitas. </s> <s id="s.014053">Maiora autem ſunt hæc in <lb></lb>montibus, atque etiam euidentiora, quàm <lb></lb>in plano. </s> <s id="s.014054">Ex his manifectum eſt, quòd So<lb></lb>le quieſcente circa eandem regionem ( hoc <lb></lb>autem fit maximè iuxta Sienem ac Meroem) <lb></lb>pluuiæ adeò abundant, vt flumina tumeant, <lb></lb>& alueos exeuntes terram irrigent, vnde <lb></lb>inundationes adueniunt. </s> <s id="s.014055">Cur igitur pri<lb></lb>mùm à Solſtitio æſtiuo fiunt hæ pluuiæ <lb></lb>illicò, & non antè, cùm partes Gemino<lb></lb>rum, quæ ſunt ab 11. Maij, ſint in ea<lb></lb>dem diſtantia ab æquinoctio cum partibus <lb></lb>Cancri, in quibus Sol moram ducit ab 11. <lb></lb>Iunij, ad 11. Iulij? </s> <s id="s.014056">Cauſa eſt, quoniam <lb></lb>terra diuturno recuſſu Solis iam ſiccata eſt, <lb></lb>nec attractio viget, donec Sol impreſſerit <lb></lb>calorem vehementem: hunc imprimere ne<lb></lb>quit, antequam in eadem linea circum<lb></lb>agatur. </s> <s id="s.014057">Hoc autem non contingit ante ſol<lb></lb>ſtitium nobis. </s> <s id="s.014058">Atque hæc eſt cur non an<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1878"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>te ſolſtitium nobis vehemens æſtus contin<lb></lb>gat, æſtaſque ob id incipiat, nec hyemis <lb></lb>ſimiliter: initium enim perfectionis ſem<lb></lb>per eſt à perfectiſſimo ſtatu. </s> <s id="s.014059">At hic fit So<lb></lb>lis ſolſtitiis, altero quidem ad calorem, <lb></lb>reliquo ad frigus procedente: tunc enim <lb></lb>Sol quaſi immobilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.014060">Non igitur ante<lb></lb>quàm ad ſolſtitium æſtiuum Sol peruene<lb></lb>rit, attractio vehemens inchoabit, quare <lb></lb>nec pluuiæ: antè enim à ſiccitate aëris va<lb></lb>pores attracti conſumentur. </s> <s id="s.014061">Incipit igitur <lb></lb>pluuia hæc in Æthiopia ab æſtiuo ſolſtitio, <lb></lb>& 40. diebus perſeuerat. </s> <s id="s.014062">Cur autem non <lb></lb>donec ad Libræ initium Sol peruenerit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014063">Eadem cauſa, quæ de æſtatis terminis ad<lb></lb>duci ſolet, ſatisfacit. </s> <s id="s.014064">Cùm enim Sol ad <lb></lb>medium Leonis acceſſerit, iam adeò ſic<lb></lb>cat terras, & ſenſim trahit, vt pluuiæ <lb></lb>etiam deſinant abſumpto vapore. </s> <s id="s.014065">Cùm <lb></lb>igitur ab initio Cancri ad medium Leo<lb></lb>nis Sol proceſſerit, in Æthiopia perpe<lb></lb>tuò fiunt imbres, ac illis Sole in vertice <lb></lb>poſito, hyems ob aquarum multitudinem <lb></lb>fit. </s> <s id="s.014066">Non autem cùm Sol eſt ſub æquino<lb></lb>ctio: nam licet etiam ibi vapores eleuet, & <lb></lb>aquas demittat cœlum, quia tamen in ſin<lb></lb>gulis quinque diebus fermè ab æquinoctio <lb></lb>duabus recedit partibus, infirma redditur <lb></lb>attractio in ſingulis regionibus, quare <lb></lb>non imbres, neque nimbi, vel procel<lb></lb>læ, ſed pluuiæ aliquot. </s> <s id="s.014067">Sole autem ad <lb></lb>circulum Cancri accedente, vix in 40. die<lb></lb>bus vltro, citroque parte vna recedit: qua<lb></lb>mobrem non iam pluuiæ aut imbres, ſed <lb></lb>nimbi atque procellæ fiunt. </s> <s id="s.014068">Contingunt <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1879"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim nimbis ( vt dixi ) fulgura, quia dum <lb></lb>fit pluuia ( vt dictum eſt, neceſſariò nubes <lb></lb>cogitur: ſed coacta nube intercluſus vapor <lb></lb>ſulphureus, vt in tormentis bellicis, accen<lb></lb>ditur: cumque ſic maiorem occupet locum, <lb></lb>diſrumpit nubem impetu maximo: neque <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1880"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>enim ( vt dixi ) natura patitur duo corpora <lb></lb>eodem in loco conſiſtere: quare abrumpitur <lb></lb>denſa nubes eo impetu, emicatque fulgur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014069">Ergo confracta repente nubes ſtrepitum il<lb></lb>lum maximum tonitru vocatum edit, quo <lb></lb>multa animalia, præcipuè oues, & quæ<lb></lb>dam etiam mulieres, abortiunt. </s> <s id="s.014070">Cùm ve<lb></lb>rò non vt in bellicis machinis exeat re<lb></lb>pentè totus ignis, ſed ob altitudinem ne<lb></lb>bulæ partes aliæ ſenſim, ſed tamen celeri<lb></lb>ter, atque vno tempore lacerentur, inde <lb></lb>fit vt tonitru non ſolùm longum ſtrepitum <lb></lb>edat, velut & bellica machina, remitten<lb></lb>te ſono, ſed principalis tonitru ſtrepitus, <lb></lb>diuerſas habeat partes, vt etiam nubis par<lb></lb>tes vna poſt aliam ab igne deſcendente diſ<lb></lb>rumpuntur. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014071"><margin.target id="marg1877"></margin.target>Torridæ Zo<lb></lb>næ mirabi<lb></lb>lia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014072"><margin.target id="marg1878"></margin.target>Æſtas à ſol<lb></lb>ſtitio cur <lb></lb>intium du<lb></lb>cat, & <expan abbr="hyẽs">hyems</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014073"><margin.target id="marg1879"></margin.target>Fulgura <lb></lb>vnde.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014074"><margin.target id="marg1880"></margin.target>Tonitru vn<lb></lb>de fiat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014075">Sed cùm fulgur ignis ſit, quare deſcendit, <lb></lb>cùm proprium ſit ignis aſcendere? </s> <s id="s.014076">Cauſa <lb></lb>eſt, quia primus impetus eſt à denſiore lo<lb></lb>co: contingit autem quandoque denſiorem <lb></lb>eſſe nube ſuprà, quàm infrà, atque id <lb></lb>conſentaneum rationi, quòd ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> fri<lb></lb>gidior ſit pars ſublimior aëris inferiore, ma<lb></lb>ximè æſtatis tempore, quò potiſſimùm fiunt <lb></lb>fulgura. </s> <s id="s.014077">Ita etiam machinæ bellicæ meli<lb></lb>natæ ſphæram infrà, & ignem mittunt in<lb></lb>ferni, quoniam primus impetus eſt à ſu<lb></lb>periore parte. </s> <s id="s.014078">Contingit etiam nonnun<lb></lb>quam fulgura verſus cœlum tendere, cùm <lb></lb>rarior fuerit nubes ſuprà, quàm infrà. </s> <s id="s.014079">Hæc <lb></lb>eſt alia cauſa, quare nix abſque fulgure fit, <lb></lb>nam neque cogitur vapor ſulphureus, vt ac<lb></lb>cendi poſſit, nec (vt dictum eſt ) ſi accen<lb></lb>datur, impetum in rara admodum nube effi<lb></lb>cere poterit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014080">Sed cur ſemper in imbribus, cui cum <lb></lb>ventis fiunt, vapor ille igneus adeſt? </s> <s id="s.014081">Quia <lb></lb>in terrę ſuperficie ſulphureum <expan abbr="quiddã">quiddam</expan> in eſt, <lb></lb>quod à vi Solis rapitur in æſtate. </s> <s id="s.014082">Atque <lb></lb>hæc eſt tertia cauſa, cur dum nix fit, fulgu<lb></lb>ra non decidunt: nam Solis vis imbecillis <lb></lb>terreum vaporem trahere altius nequit, Sed <lb></lb>quónam pacto accendi poteſt, cùm ſpar<lb></lb>ſus ſit? </s> <s id="s.014083">Ventorum vis ingens dum excutit <lb></lb>vaporem aqueum, quod ſulphureum eſt, in <lb></lb><expan abbr="imũ">imum</expan> reiicit, vnde vt in calce pars exterior le<lb></lb>uiter madefacta, & interior aſſiduo vento<lb></lb>rum motu ſiccata contrarietate frigoris at<lb></lb>que humoris accenditur, inuenienſque par<lb></lb>tem inferiorem rariorem, dum in flammam <lb></lb>erumpit, deſcendit vt ignis, qui è machinis <lb></lb>inclinatis terram verſus excutitur. </s> <s id="s.014084">Nunc de<lb></lb>mùm alia ſupereſt dubitatio, ſcilicet cùm <lb></lb>Sol etiam iuxta Capricorni circulum quieſ<lb></lb>cat, vt circa Cancri, cur non ibi etiam inun<lb></lb>dationes mouet? </s> <s id="s.014085">Atque ita in India, & <lb></lb>Æthiopia procellæ fient à medio Decem<lb></lb>bris: nam & hæ regiones vſque ad eum cir<lb></lb>culum perueniunt. </s> <s id="s.014086">Quamobrem ita dicen<lb></lb>dum eſſet, niſi forſan quòd tunc Sol pro<lb></lb>pior terræ, quippe in perigeo vehementiùs <lb></lb>ſiccando prohibeat pluuias: ſed ſi modò hæ <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1881"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ibi contingant vltra fontes Nili ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014087">Nilus <lb></lb>enim fluuius maximus in Goiano Æthiopiæ <lb></lb>regno, quod ſub Presbytero Iano eſt Neguz <lb></lb>lingua propria vocato, naſcitur è duobus la<lb></lb>cubus, qui ob <expan abbr="magnitudinẽ">magnitudinem</expan> mari <expan abbr="aſſimilãtur">aſſimilantur</expan>, <pb pagenum="667" xlink:href="016/01/314.jpg"></pb>partibus ſex, aut paulò pluribus vltra æqui<lb></lb>noctium verſus auſtrum, ex Ptolemæi ſen<lb></lb>tentia: quanquam ille montes Lunæ addu<lb></lb>cat. </s> <s id="s.014088">Inde <expan abbr="progrediẽs">progrediens</expan> ex altiſſimis locis <expan abbr="deſcẽ-dit">deſcen<lb></lb>dit</expan> fragore maximo, atque id bis. </s> <s id="s.014089">Vocant lo<lb></lb>ca hæc confragoſa cataractas: ſunt enim al<lb></lb>tiora montium loca, è quibus deſcendit flu<lb></lb>uius ſpuma maxima. </s> <s id="s.014090">Harum altera maior, <lb></lb>reliqua vocatur minor. </s> <s id="s.014091">Poſt quas in modum <lb></lb>maximi latus diffunditur, concipiens inſu<lb></lb>las ſeptingentas, quarum maxima Meroë <lb></lb>vocatur, vltra Cancri circulum verſus æqui<lb></lb>noctialem partibus circiter nouem: in qua <lb></lb>etiam ciuitas eiuſdem nominis eſt. </s> <s id="s.014092">Pòſt col<lb></lb>lectus denuò, in alueumque rediens proce<lb></lb>dit ſeptem oſtiis in mare: ab initio vbi ori<lb></lb>tur vſquequo mare attingit, rectà progre<lb></lb>diens ex Auſtro in Boream. </s> <s id="s.014093">In Nilum pauci, <lb></lb>vel omninò nulli influunt fluuij. </s> <s id="s.014094">Sed 17. die <lb></lb>Iunij poſtquam Sol apogeum ſuum ſupera<lb></lb>uit, incipit intumeſcere, exienſque pro<lb></lb>prium alueum, Ægypti terram inundat ac <lb></lb>tegit, ſic vt feræ pleræque intereant, iumen<lb></lb>ta, & homines altioribus ſe locis tueantur: <lb></lb>creſcitque hæc inundatio 40. diebus, donec <lb></lb>ſcilicet Sol ad medium Leonis peruenerit: <lb></lb>ab ea die totidem diebus decreſcens, Ægyp<lb></lb>tum ſiccam relinquit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1882"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014095"><margin.target id="marg1881"></margin.target>Nilus cur <lb></lb>inundet <lb></lb>Ægytum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014096"><margin.target id="marg1882"></margin.target>Cauſæ tres <lb></lb>generales <lb></lb>inundatio<lb></lb>num.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014097">Hæc igitur ita ſe habent. </s> <s id="s.014098">Verùm ante<lb></lb>quam cauſam horum inquiramus, generali<lb></lb>ter inundationum ratio quærenda eſt: nam & <lb></lb>alij fluuij agros inundant, vt Eridamus in <lb></lb>Italia, & Pannonia Hiſter ſeu Danubius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014099">Omnis igitur inundationis cauſa, aut eſt <lb></lb>humilitas riparum, aut copia aquarum, aut <lb></lb>ventus aduerſus mortui aquæ, vel etiam <lb></lb>tranuerſus, aut maris æſtus atque recurſus <lb></lb>prohibens aquam in mare effundi. </s> <s id="s.014100">Humili<lb></lb>tas riparum fit dehiſcente terra. </s> <s id="s.014101">Sed aqua<lb></lb>rum copia fit vel aucto fonte, vel niuibus <lb></lb>liqueſcentibus, aut pluuiis. </s> <s id="s.014102">Venti verò dum <lb></lb>aduerſus aquæ motum feruntur, prohibent <lb></lb>ad eam effluere, & cogentes eam intumeſ<lb></lb>cere flumen faciunt: effunditurque aqua <lb></lb>etiam quandoque ex artioribus ripis. </s> <s id="s.014103">Quili<lb></lb>bet autem ventus aquas mouet, quia vel deſ<lb></lb>cendit ( vel rectà fertur. </s> <s id="s.014104">Qui deſcendit, <lb></lb>aquam exagitat, vtpote AC, dum enim de<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.314.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/314/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>primit verſus E, pars, CE, locum occupans, <lb></lb>occupat EF, igitur pars EF, aſcendit ad FG, <lb></lb>atque ita aqua intumeſcit, & effunditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014105">Quòd ſi ventus rectà procedat ex BC, quia <lb></lb>locus F, eſt altior H, aqua impellitur. </s> <s id="s.014106">Aqua <lb></lb>enim rotunda eſt, vt in vrceis vides. </s> <s id="s.014107">Qua <lb></lb>etiam ex cauſa flumina, & lacus procul vi<lb></lb>dentur: aut enim ex alto ſpectamus, ob id<lb></lb>que videmus aquas: aut ex plano, videmuſ<lb></lb>que etiam, quoniam aqua rotunda eſt. </s> <s id="s.014108">Ma<lb></lb>nifectum eſt autem quòd duplex eſt motus <lb></lb>rectus: alter quidam mathematicus, qui <lb></lb>fit per breuiorem lineam, & hic fit ab im<lb></lb>pulſu, atque ſic venti mouentur: alter ſecun<lb></lb>dùm naturam, atque hic eſt qualis aquæ in <lb></lb>circuli periferia. </s> <s id="s.014109">Cùm igitur aqua motu cir<lb></lb>culari moueatur, ventus recto, ex quocunque <lb></lb>vento neceſſe eſt fieri perturbationem in <lb></lb>aqua. </s> <s id="s.014110">Rotunditas igitur aquæ tempeſtatum <lb></lb>cauſa eſt. </s> <s id="s.014111">Cùm verò vel a latere, vel aduer<lb></lb>ſus motum aquæ flat, & magnus fuerit, fiet <lb></lb>inundatio: & vbi latitudo ſit ad, tempeſtas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014112">Semper autem ventus in flumine aliqua in <lb></lb>parte, vel ex aduerſo fluminis, vel à latere <lb></lb>flat, quia flumen ſinuosè torquetur, vt an<lb></lb>gues: ideò niſi ventus fuerit admodum le<lb></lb>nis, aut aqua pauca, inundatio aliqua in par<lb></lb>te fiet. </s> <s id="s.014113">Velut flumen ſit ABC, ventus rectà <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.314.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/314/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ex DE, feratur, tranuerſim quidem in FGH, <lb></lb>feretur, & ſi aqua plurima fuerit, inundatio<lb></lb>nem pariet, aliter non. </s> <s id="s.014114">At qui fertur ex D, in <lb></lb>CB, cùm aduerſus aquæ motum neceſſariò <lb></lb>inundationem pariet. </s> <s id="s.014115">Ob id igitur flante <lb></lb>vento aliquibus in locis inundatio fit, aliis <lb></lb>in locis ſiccantur flumina, fit igitur inunda<lb></lb>tio maior, aut ob aquarum multitudinem, <lb></lb>aut venti magnitudinem, aut quia ſurſum <lb></lb>venit impellens vi aquas, atque quaſi effo<lb></lb>diens, & hauriens illas. </s> <s id="s.014116">Eadem ratio tempe<lb></lb>ſtatum igitur, & magnitudinis earum ſcili<lb></lb>cet aquarum multitudo: vnde maior in mari, <lb></lb>quàm lacubus, & lacubus quàm fluuiis, & <lb></lb>magnis fluuiis, quàm paruis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014117">Cùm igitur ventus vnus fuerit, & rectà <arrow.to.target n="marg1883"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>proceſſerit, vt ſecundum BC, lineam prioris <lb></lb>figuræ, non ſubmergetur. </s> <s id="s.014118">Si verò obliquus, <lb></lb>id eſt, ex alto deſcenderit: tunc immenſam <lb></lb>aquarum copiam voluens periculum ingens <lb></lb>affert. </s> <s id="s.014119">Quòd ſi duo fuerint contrarij, vt AF, <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.314.3.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/314/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>& BF, ſubmergetur nauis, quoniam non po<lb></lb>terit procedere altero illum contra niten<lb></lb>te: & ſi nauis ferantur ex C, in F, ventis <lb></lb>latera verberantibus, ſubuerteretur. </s> <s id="s.014120">Me<lb></lb>lius verò eſt: vt nauis feratur ex D, in F, <lb></lb>vbi A F, ventus ſit validior BF: ſemper <lb></lb>enim tutior eſt nauis, quæ ſecundùm ven<lb></lb>tum validiore fertur, quàm quæ aduer<lb></lb>ſus, Quòd ſi tres venti fuerint, A F, B F, <lb></lb>& E F, aliquiſque eorum ex alto veniat, <lb></lb>validior autem ſit AF, omninò neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>nauim ſubmergi, quoniam ſecundùm DF, <lb></lb>ferri non poteſt, quia ab EF, vento euer<lb></lb>teretur. </s> <s id="s.014121">Neque ſecundum EF, euerte<lb></lb>tur enim ab AF, Secundum G F, autem <lb></lb>ferri non poteſt, reluctante F E. </s> <s id="s.014122">In <pb pagenum="668" xlink:href="016/01/315.jpg"></pb>Oceano etiam contingit ſingulares ventos, <lb></lb>propter æſtum rationem duorum obtinere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014123">Superiùs vento, inferiùs æſtu ipſo nauim <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1884"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>iactante, ſed non eodem periculo. </s> <s id="s.014124">Quæ <lb></lb>igitur ſint tempeſtates periculoſæ, & quis <lb></lb>modus euadendi, iam dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014125">Vt igi<lb></lb>tur inundationes lacus ſunt non perpetui, <lb></lb>ita lacus inundationes ſunt perpetuæ. </s> <s id="s.014126">Qua<lb></lb>mobrem lacus fiunt quinque concurrenti<lb></lb>bus cauſis. </s> <s id="s.014127">Prima quidem, vt fluuius influat <lb></lb>in locum: à magnis quidem magni, vt Con<lb></lb>ſtantienſis, qui maximus eſt à Rheno: Le<lb></lb>manus à Rhodano, Verbanus à Ticino: par<lb></lb>ui autem à riuulis, vt Eupilus in Italia. </s> <s id="s.014128">Opor<lb></lb>tet autem colligi aquas altitudine montium <lb></lb>aut collium: ob idque omnis lacus, aut in<lb></lb>ter montes eſt aut colles, aliter collecta <lb></lb>aqua effunderetur, diſpergeretur que. </s> <s id="s.014129">Dein<lb></lb>de ſitum adeſſe oportet inter latera humi<lb></lb>liorem alueo fluminis: nam ſi ſublimior ſit, <lb></lb>ſiccato quandoque flumine, quod frequenter <lb></lb>contingit, ſiccabitur lacus, & iam non erit <lb></lb>lacus, ſed palus aut ſtagnum. </s> <s id="s.014130">Lacus enim <lb></lb>non eſt, cùm frequenter ſiccatur, & ſi tan<lb></lb>tùm non habeat aquæ, vt perpetuò fluat, & <lb></lb>tempeſtatibus aſſiduè agitetur. </s> <s id="s.014131">Cùm verò <lb></lb>quieſcit, palus eſt, non lacus Neceſſarium eſt <lb></lb>etiam, vt ex aduerſa parte, qua flumen in<lb></lb>fluit altior ſit ripa, aliter enim totus effluet, <lb></lb>eritque inundatio, non lacus. </s> <s id="s.014132">Vltimò, opor<lb></lb>tet vt in anguſtum humilitas loci redigatur, <lb></lb>effluatque flumen: nam ſi non effluxerit, <lb></lb>corrumpetur aqua, fietque mare, non lacus, <lb></lb>etiamſi æſtum, & tempeſtates patiatur. </s> <s id="s.014133">Ob <lb></lb>id igitur ex mari nullum flumen erit: etſi <lb></lb>exeat, non eſt illi proportione reſpondens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014134">Lacuum igitur & maris, & <expan abbr="ſtagnorũ">ſtagnorum</expan>, vel pa<lb></lb>ludum ac inundationum differentias habes, <lb></lb>nunc igitur ad inundationis Nili cauſas re<lb></lb>deundum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014135">Ea igitur eſt, quia procella il<lb></lb>la, de qua dictum eſt, in Æthiopia die 11. <lb></lb>Iunij initium habeat: intumeſcente ſtatim <lb></lb>flumine, vt etiam apud nos, quòd maxima <lb></lb>ſit copia aquarum, diffunditur Nilus per <lb></lb>campos. </s> <s id="s.014136">Nec obſtat, quòd Æthiopia pro<lb></lb>cul Ægypto fit: nam ſi mare medio intu<lb></lb>meſcit recurſu aquarum ob æſtum: vt ſu<lb></lb>prà declarauimus ( quia alius eſt aquæ flu<lb></lb>xus, alius tumor: in quo ſtatim partibus ſibi <lb></lb>inuicem ſuccedentibus ab extremo ad extre<lb></lb>mum compreſſione tumor tranſit ) nil <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan> <lb></lb>eſt igitur quamvis Nilus lente fluat, turgere <lb></lb>ab extremo ad <expan abbr="extremũ">extremum</expan> quatridui ſpatio: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> <lb></lb>& tu ſi comprimas vt rem ab altero extre<lb></lb>morum, videbis abſque motu in reliquo in<lb></lb>tumeſcere. </s> <s id="s.014137">Inde ceſſante pluuia, ipſo autem <lb></lb>ſe perpetuò exonerante in mare, extenuatur <lb></lb>iterum, & ad ſua loca redit. </s> <s id="s.014138">Forſan & ad hoc <lb></lb>facit, quòd aquæ Oceani auſtralis ( vt dixi<lb></lb>mus ) tribus aut quatuor menſibus ad Au<lb></lb>ſtrum feruntur, vnde fieri poteſt, vt tunc <lb></lb>compreſſis fontibus Nili, dum aqua nimis <lb></lb>redundat, cogatur Nilus intumeſcere, & al<lb></lb>ueum egredi. </s> <s id="s.014139">Nam ſuperiùs docui, dulces <lb></lb>aquas ſalſis continuari. </s> <s id="s.014140">Fine enim optimo <lb></lb>factum eſt, vt pluuiæ illæ Solem comitaren<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.014141">Nam primùm hauſta ex mari ſalſa tran<lb></lb>ſit in dulcem, redditque vices tot fluminibus <lb></lb>in mare ſe exonerantibus, quorum aquæ dul<lb></lb>ces in ſalſas vertuntur. </s> <s id="s.014142">Quamobrem ſi æqua <lb></lb>debet eſſe diſtributio, vt ſempiterna manere <lb></lb>poſſit, neceſſe eſt, vt maxima ſit imbrium <lb></lb>aqua, quæ omnium fluminum ſe in mare <lb></lb>effundentium iacturæ coæquetur. </s> <s id="s.014143">Secunda <lb></lb>cauſa eſt, vt aër ipſe temperatus reddatur, <lb></lb>atque ita habitabilis regio. </s> <s id="s.014144">Tertia, vt terra <lb></lb>humo perfuſa abundet fructibus atque ſege<lb></lb>te, vt animalia in ea, atque homines viuere <lb></lb>poſſint, nec tanta terræ portio tanquam <lb></lb>inutilis pereat. </s> <s id="s.014145">Nam ſuperiùs demonſtra<lb></lb>tum eſt contrariis rationibus, etiam ſub <lb></lb>polis coli terras. </s> <s id="s.014146">Quarta ne terra areſcens <lb></lb>in medio ſolueretur, atque ſic tota periret, <lb></lb>dum partem neglectam habuiſſet Deus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014147">Horum omnium cauſa atque etiam alio<lb></lb>rum, factum eſt, vt Solem nebulæ perpe<lb></lb>tuæ fermè comitarentur. </s> <s id="s.014148">Nec verum eſt, <lb></lb>vaporem ſeruari tamdiu, vt ex Geminis in <lb></lb>Cancrum Sol procedat, ſed humeſcit tan<lb></lb>tum interim aër: ſuccedenti tamen diei <lb></lb>prior aquas ſpargendo, dum Sol eſt in <lb></lb>Cancro, opitulatur. </s> <s id="s.014149">Idcirco igitur in At<lb></lb>lante maiore, quem montem vocant Ser<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1885"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>raliona, nubes denſiſſima in cacumine con<lb></lb>ſpicitur, perpetuò fulgura aſſidua corruſ<lb></lb>cant, & tonitrua procul 50000. paſſuum <lb></lb>exaudiuntur: quoniam calor ibi Solis ſem<lb></lb>per vigens, ac montis humidum, nubem <lb></lb>perpetuam generant. </s> <s id="s.014150">Igitur montem illum <lb></lb>humidiſſimum eſſe neceſſe eſt: ad quod ta<lb></lb>men iuuat maris vicinitas quippe quòd <lb></lb>mons non iam ſimpliciter dici mereatur, <lb></lb>ſed cùm progrediatur radicibus in mare, <lb></lb>potiùs promontorium. </s> <s id="s.014151">Apparet autem ex <lb></lb>his, quæ noſtris diebus innotuerunt, non <lb></lb><expan abbr="terrã">terram</expan> Oceano circumdari, ſed Oceanum eſſe <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1886"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb><expan abbr="tanquã">tanquam</expan> lacum <expan abbr="quendã">quendam</expan> inter terras <expan abbr="conſtitutũ">conſtitutum</expan>, <lb></lb>altera parte habitabilis noſtra alia Norti<lb></lb>ca, Braſilia à meridie, & America à ſepten<lb></lb>trione. </s> <s id="s.014152">In ipſo autem Oceano vndique in<lb></lb>ſulæ numero incredibili, adeò vt ſupra <lb></lb>10000. eſſe affirment. </s> <s id="s.014153">Itaque mare, lacus <lb></lb>eſt terræ totius, non terra inſula maris. </s> <s id="s.014154">Ip<lb></lb>ſæ verò inſulæ cùm aquas ſcateant, argu<lb></lb>mentum præbent, quòd non in illis gene<lb></lb>ratur, ſed percolatur. </s> <s id="s.014155">Qui enim fieri poſſet, <lb></lb>vt Hibernia quindecim flumina haberet, ni<lb></lb>ſi ex mari purgatis aquis originem duce<lb></lb>rent? </s> <s id="s.014156">Nec ſolùm inſulæ hæ, ſed etiam per<lb></lb>exiguæ aquas dulces continent: velut ea, <lb></lb>quæ tribus partibus vltra æquinoctium po<lb></lb>ſita eſt, procul ab omni terra millibus paſ<lb></lb>ſuum fermè 1000, cum 8000. paſſuum in <lb></lb>longitudine, quatuor in latitudine, tota vi<lb></lb>rens, multis aquis dulcibus ſcatet. </s> <s id="s.014157">Oriri eas <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt, quoniam inſula montis ſit cacu<lb></lb>men: mons autem mari circundatus aquas <lb></lb>ſalſas percolando dulces reddat. </s> <s id="s.014158">Ibidem aues <lb></lb>diuerſorum generum, quæ ignaræ inſidia<lb></lb>rum hominis, ſpontè capi ſe permittebant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014159">Vnde igitur illarum origo? </s> <s id="s.014160">nam nec tranſ<lb></lb>uolare tam procul nec ex putrida mate<lb></lb>ria gigni potuerunt. </s> <s id="s.014161">Sed vel olim habi<lb></lb>tata, tranſlatis auibus: poſtmodum ob me<lb></lb>tum, vel maris incrementum deſit habita<lb></lb>ri: vel tranſeuntibus nauibus demiſſæ aues <lb></lb>originem generi loco incolumi dederunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014162">Nam & nunc Hiſpani ſues in inſulis de<lb></lb>ſertis dimittunt: vt quandoque etiam il<lb></lb>lis vſui ſint. </s> <s id="s.014163">Tria igitur ſunt elementa: <pb pagenum="669" xlink:href="016/01/316.jpg"></pb>denſiſſimum terra, mediocre aqua rariſſi<lb></lb>mum aër: omniáque frigida. </s> <s id="s.014164">Sed aër, quod <lb></lb>rarus ſit, minùs frigidus eſſe videtur? </s> <s id="s.014165">iuxta <lb></lb>cœlum autem ob perpetuum motum rareſcit <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1887"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mirum in modum, atque is æther vocatur, <lb></lb>adeò ob raritatem parùm frigidus, vt tempe<lb></lb>ramento proximus ſit. </s> <s id="s.014166">Cœlum verò cùm ſit <lb></lb>æthere longè tenuius, temperatiſſimum eſt <lb></lb>aut ſimpliciter, aut inter omnia corpora. </s> <s id="s.014167">Si<lb></lb>quidem ſimpliciter, æternum erit, vt Ariſto<lb></lb>teles ſentit: ſi inter reliqua corpora ſolùm, <lb></lb>aliquando & ipſum finem habebit, vt legi <lb></lb>noſtræ placet, & nos de his in libris de Arca<lb></lb>nis æternitatis diximus. </s> <s id="s.014168">Sed & lucem, & lu<lb></lb>men calida eſſe, ſuperiùs docuimus. </s> <s id="s.014169">Subſtan<lb></lb>tia igitur cœli tenuiſſima eſt: non autem tota <lb></lb>ſimiliter, ſed vt lux luce clarior, ita etiam <lb></lb>ſubſtantia tenuior. </s> <s id="s.014170">Propagantur autem quæ<lb></lb>cunque non per ſe æterna ſunt, alia quidem <lb></lb>vt ſubſtantię, alia vt accidentia. </s> <s id="s.014171">Et rurſus, alia <lb></lb>verè ſimile ſibi generando atque idem, vt <lb></lb>equus equum: alia ſimile, ſed non idem, vt <lb></lb>lux lumen. </s> <s id="s.014172">Miſerta enim natura, quòd in ſin<lb></lb>gulari perpetuum ſeruare nequit, generatio<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1888"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ne reparat. </s> <s id="s.014173">Sed poſtquam ſemel natum fue<lb></lb>rit, ampliùs redire non poteſt: æternum enim <lb></lb>eſſet. </s> <s id="s.014174">Pars enim æternitatis, quæ rationem <lb></lb>habet, infinitum tempus continet: velut ſi in <lb></lb>centum annis ephemeris idem ſemper redi<lb></lb>ret, par eſſet immortalibus. </s> <s id="s.014175">Sed tamen im<lb></lb>mortalis non eſſet: æternitas enim quodlibet <lb></lb>tempus infinitum continet. </s> <s id="s.014176">Et quicquid infi<lb></lb>nito multiplicatur, eſt infinitum. </s> <s id="s.014177">Sed & aliud <lb></lb>maius in his periculum, quoniam quod ge<lb></lb>neratur, neceſſariò poteſt ex aliqua materia <lb></lb>generari: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> ſi non poteſt ex vlla materia ge<lb></lb>nerari, aut generabitur, quod generari non <lb></lb>poteſt ( repugnantiam autem hoc continet<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>aut abſque materia generabitur: non erit igi<lb></lb>tur compoſitum. </s> <s id="s.014178">Materia igitur aliqua eſt, ex <lb></lb>qua generabitur, quod generari debet. </s> <s id="s.014179">Dum <lb></lb>igitur genitum eſt ac manet, potentia illa <lb></lb>deſiit, atque in actum tranſmutata eſt. </s> <s id="s.014180">Vel <lb></lb>igitur alia in eadem materia relicta eſt po<lb></lb>tentia, atque ſic dum eſt, denuò poteſt gene<lb></lb>rari, quod eſſe non poteſt: quod enim gene<lb></lb>ratur, in eadem materia non eſt, vel in alia <lb></lb>materia, aut materiæ parte potentia illa reli<lb></lb>cta eſt. </s> <s id="s.014181">Itaque tunc generetur: quod cùm iam <lb></lb>ſit, erunt iam duo illa vnum ex ſuppoſito, po<lb></lb>teritque vnum tamen corrumpi, & alterum <lb></lb>manere, atque ita eſſe, & non eſſe, corrumpi, <lb></lb>& non corrumpi, vnúmque corpus in duobus <lb></lb>locis, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> alia innumera perabſurda. </s> <s id="s.014182">Abſur<lb></lb>dum eſt & illud, ſi iam corrupta potentia <lb></lb>poſtquam genitum eſt, in eadem redeat, poſt <lb></lb>corruptum ſit: erit enim potentia potentiæ: <lb></lb>nec niſi in eadem materia illud generari po<lb></lb>terit, quod eſt <expan abbr="abſurdiſſimũ">abſurdiſſimum</expan>, cùm ad minimas <lb></lb>partes diſpergatur, & vt continua nunquam <lb></lb>in idem redeat: neque enim ſi talis eſſet, vbi <lb></lb>diſſolui poſſet. </s> <s id="s.014183">Itaque quod ſemel generatur, <lb></lb>vt ampliùs redeat, eſt impoſſibile. </s> <s id="s.014184">Sed non vt <lb></lb>ſimile. </s> <s id="s.014185">Horum igitur, quæ generantur, alia <lb></lb>ſerò, & parùm multiplicantur, vt animalia, <lb></lb>& plantæ: alia celerrimè, non tamen plurima <lb></lb>producunt, vt ignis: ſtatim enim ignis ignem <lb></lb>generat, atque ille alium: eóque modo ſi ma<lb></lb>teria non deſit, in immenſum creſcit. </s> <s id="s.014186">Corpo<lb></lb>ra igitur in infinitum propagantur, quia lo<lb></lb>cus in orbe finitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014187">Sed ſimplia celerius, <lb></lb>& inter compoſita quæcunque ſunt imperfe<lb></lb>ctiora, vt muſcæ ac vermes: & inter ea, quæ <lb></lb>ſunt parentibus genita viliſſima quæque, vt <lb></lb>mures, & cuniculi: vnumquódque enim vt <lb></lb>perfectius eſt, eò minùs multiplicatur atque <lb></lb>ſeriùs: quod verò perfectum eſt, nequaquam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014188">Lux verò corpus non eſt, è corpore tamen <lb></lb>prodit, quare ſibi ſimile generat, non autem <lb></lb>ſpecie idem, nec quod producitur alia gene<lb></lb>rare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014189">Sed infinita eſt illius propagatio, <lb></lb>quoniam quod generatur, ſubſtantia non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014190">Cùm enim Sol exurgit, illius infinitæ ſunt <lb></lb>ſpecies: dico autem lucis, non Solis. </s> <s id="s.014191">Quicquid <lb></lb>autem ſic generatur, protinus etiam per ſe <lb></lb>corrumpitur. </s> <s id="s.014192">Intellectus autem cum ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia quædam ſit, ſed abſque corpore, ſubitò <lb></lb>multiplicatur in infinitum: audientes enim <lb></lb>omnes intelligunt: & ſi hi proferrent, qui <lb></lb>audiunt, intelligerent & alij non minùs. </s> <s id="s.014193">Igi<lb></lb>tur intellectus infinities propagatur, ſi ab <lb></lb>abſque impedimento ſit. </s> <s id="s.014194">Eadem ratio eſt <lb></lb>omnium, quæ intelligunt ſubſtantiarum, ſed <lb></lb>non eodem modo. </s> <s id="s.014195">Nam (vt dictum eſt) noſter <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1889"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>intellectus eſt vmbratilis. </s> <s id="s.014196">Neque tamen in<lb></lb>tellectus tempori ſubiacent, ſed ſpatium, quo <lb></lb>permanent, imaginantur, æuumque id ap<lb></lb>pellant. </s> <s id="s.014197">Eſt autem vt in circulo centrum: vni<lb></lb>cuique enim parti circuli correſpondet: & ſi <lb></lb>circulus moueatur, immobile manet <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan>, <lb></lb>vt in tempore æuum, atque in tempore ſem<lb></lb>piterno. </s> <s id="s.014198">Æuum igitur nec extenditur, nec <lb></lb>fluit, ſed ſempiternum manet. </s> <s id="s.014199">Viſum eſt au<lb></lb>tem quibuſdam, ob id tempus circulo finiri: <lb></lb>at de hoc libris de Arcanis æternitatis ſatis <lb></lb>dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014200">Seu igitur tempori æuum confe<lb></lb>ratur, ſeu non, diuiſionis eſt expers, Scio La<lb></lb>tinos hoc nomine aliud intelligere: ſed nos <lb></lb>quid velimus expoſuimus: nam res, non no<lb></lb>mina, hîc tractantur. </s> <s id="s.014201">Hoc verò æuum, in quo <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1890"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>intellectus manent, neceſſariò aut factum, <lb></lb>aut æternum eſt: quia in æternis, quod eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014202">eſſe neceſſe eſt: quod non eſt, eſſe non poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014203">Nam mortalis natura, non magis immorta<lb></lb>litatis eſt capax, quàm immortalis mortali<lb></lb>tatis. </s> <s id="s.014204">Deus autem omnibus aliquid melius, <lb></lb>neque in æuo, neque in tempore. </s> <s id="s.014205">Quod igi<lb></lb>tur ſtabile per ſe, eſt æternitas: quod profluit, <lb></lb>& manet, eſt ęuum: quod non manet, & fluit, <lb></lb>tempus. </s> <s id="s.014206">Mundus igitur, quoniam manere vi<lb></lb>detur, in æuo eſt, & in mundo tempus. </s> <s id="s.014207">Mun<lb></lb>di optimam partem vocant paradiſum, id eſt, <lb></lb>hortum conſitum, ſeu locum amœniſſimum, <lb></lb>& voluptatum. </s> <s id="s.014208">Duplex hic, cœleſtis beato<lb></lb>rum, & terreſtris. </s> <s id="s.014209">Omiſſo eo, Zeilam inſula <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1891"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>non procul è Chalecuto paradiſus eſſe vide<lb></lb>tur: eſt enim orbis locus amœniſſimus, ſalu<lb></lb>britate aëris, vitæ longitudine (nam homines <lb></lb>ibi ad 150. annos perueniunt) fontibus, ſyl<lb></lb>uis, pratis, frugibus, fructibus, feris, elephan<lb></lb>tis, piſcibus, aromatibus, margaritis, gem<lb></lb>mis, auro atque argento. </s> <s id="s.014210">Hæc igitur orbis <lb></lb>pars præſtantiſſima, ſed non vniuerſi. </s> <s id="s.014211">Opti<lb></lb>mum enim in his inferioribus, peſſimum eo<lb></lb>rum, quæ ſuperiùs continentur. </s> <s id="s.014212">Medij autem <lb></lb>ſunt motus quidam, quos actiones vocamus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014213">Tria autem ſunt actionum genera. </s> <s id="s.014214">Primum <lb></lb>quòd fit à corpore in corpus, vocatúrque <lb></lb>mutatio. </s> <s id="s.014215">Secundum influxus: hic in corpus, <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1892"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſed non à corpore, verùm occulta quadam <pb pagenum="670" xlink:href="016/01/317.jpg"></pb>ratione procedit. </s> <s id="s.014216">Tertium, quod nec à cor<lb></lb>pore, nec in corpore, ſed in animo fit, <expan abbr="voca-túrq;">voca<lb></lb>túrque</expan> afflatus. </s> <s id="s.014217">In omni mutatione, quod agit <lb></lb>corruptioni eſt obnoxium. </s> <s id="s.014218">Influxus autem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1893"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ab immortali corpore, afflatus autem ab im<lb></lb>mortali nec corpore: hiſque hæc tria inter <lb></lb>ſe differunt. </s> <s id="s.014219">Afflatus etiam docet, influxus <lb></lb>impellit. </s> <s id="s.014220">An verò cœlorum idem ſit cen<lb></lb>trum, an mundi infiniti, ad libros de Æterni<lb></lb>tatis arcanis rurſus ſpectat. </s> <s id="s.014221">In hoc vero vno <lb></lb>ipſo Deum eſſe aliquem omninò neceſſe eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014222">Nam neque ordo Vniuerſi conſtare poſſet, <lb></lb>nullo rectore gubernante, cùm materia caſu <lb></lb>ſolùm recta, diuturnam rerum ſeriem tueri <lb></lb>non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.014223">Multò minùs conſtructio tam <lb></lb>elegans, tam abſoluta, atque vnicuique fini <lb></lb>adeò congrua, non ſolùm opifice prudenti, <lb></lb>ſed etiam ſapientiſſimo, qualis Deus eſt, <lb></lb>prorſus indigebat. </s> <s id="s.014224">Eſt etiam ſtatus in omni <lb></lb>cauſarum genere, qui ad alium pertingere <lb></lb>non poteſt, quàm ad Deum. </s> <s id="s.014225">Atque hæ tres <lb></lb>rationes omnino demonſtrant non ſolùm <lb></lb>Deum eſſe, ſed ſapientiſſimum etiam, ac cun<lb></lb>cta ſcientém. </s> <s id="s.014226">Quod ſuadent etiam multa: vt <lb></lb>prodigia futurorum nuncia, quæ non niſi ab <lb></lb>eo, qui ventura nouerit, fieri queunt: & men<lb></lb>tis humanæ origo, quæ à meliore quodam <lb></lb>opifice proficiſcitur. </s> <s id="s.014227">Nihil autem melius <lb></lb>mente, quòd non intelligat. </s> <s id="s.014228">Et conſcientia <lb></lb>facinorum, quę homines torquet. </s> <s id="s.014229">quaſi nobis <lb></lb>naturaliter inſitus ſit timor, & reuerentia <lb></lb>quædam melioris cuiuſdam opificis atque re<lb></lb>gis. </s> <s id="s.014230">Ciuitatum etiam ſocietates non adeò <lb></lb>eſſent diuturnæ, nec qui eas violant, obnoxij <lb></lb>pœnis numinis, abſque numine vllo. </s> <s id="s.014231">Homi<lb></lb>nibus etiam omnibus, quamvis de Dei eſſen<lb></lb>tia diſſideant, communi conſenſu opinio, <lb></lb>cultúſque Dei hæſit, atque id ab orbis me<lb></lb>moria. </s> <s id="s.014232">Diſcrimen quoque honeſti, & turpis, <lb></lb>boni, & mali, virtutis ac vitiorum, tum ſeries <lb></lb>tanta ac ordo adeò admirabilis numerorum <lb></lb>ab aliqua prima mente, ab aliquo primo bo<lb></lb>no, ab aliquo primo ordine ducunt <expan abbr="originẽ">originem</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014233">Hæc igitur tot tantáque ſunt, quæ Deum non <lb></lb>eſſe ſolum, ſed qualis, quantúſque ſit, oſten<lb></lb>dunt. </s> <s id="s.014234">Quòd ſi is non curat vnumquodque, <lb></lb>cùm res non ſint præter ſingularia: ſingula<lb></lb>ribus pereuntibus, peribunt & ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.014235">Vel <lb></lb>igitur ſuſtinentur ſingularia ordine quodam <lb></lb>Vniuerſi, quem Fatum vocamus: aut ſi non <lb></lb>ex putredine ſpecies <expan abbr="poterũt">poterunt</expan> inſtaurari. </s> <s id="s.014236"><expan abbr="Horũ">Horum</expan> <lb></lb>veriſimilius eſt, Deo ſingularia cognoſcente <lb></lb>ordino <expan abbr="quodã">quodam</expan> vniuerſi manere cuncta, <expan abbr="quan-doquidẽ">quan<lb></lb>doquidem</expan> ſpecies interire apud Philoſophos, <lb></lb>abſurdum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014237">Deus igitur omnia nouit. </s> <s id="s.014238">Sed <lb></lb>vnde ſortes, an ab illo? </s> <s id="s.014239">minimè, ſed ab afflatu <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1894"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>quandoque. </s> <s id="s.014240">Lex tamen noſtra ſortes à Deo <lb></lb>immitti, & gubernari affirmat. </s> <s id="s.014241">Vti eis licet <lb></lb>ad euitandam calumniam vel offenſionem, <lb></lb>cùm inter æquales contentio fuerit. </s> <s id="s.014242">Nobiliſ<lb></lb>ſimi generis eſt geomantica mirabili certè <lb></lb>ratione conſtructa, de qua libri circumferun<lb></lb>tur nomine Petri Apponenſis, celebres. </s> <s id="s.014243">Et <lb></lb>quamvis quidem amici noſtri non parùm lu<lb></lb>dendo his profecerint, ſeu fiducia, ſeu proprio <lb></lb>ſydere ad diuinandum, ſeu dæmonum præſi<lb></lb>dio adiuti, attamen illarum omnium incon<lb></lb>ſtantiam in quarto de Sapientia libro decla<lb></lb>rauimus. </s> <s id="s.014244">Et Diogenes dicere ſolebat, cùm <lb></lb>hoc genus hominum aruſpicum, aut ſorte <lb></lb>futura prædicentium intueor, parùm abeſſe <lb></lb>homines à belluis exiſtimo: cùm medicos aut <lb></lb>pictores, parùm diis. </s> <s id="s.014245">Hæc igitur de vniuerſa <lb></lb>rerum natura dicta ſunt, non vt pleraque per<lb></lb>ſequeremur, aut magnam partem earum, ſed <lb></lb>vt omnium quaſi exempla, ſemina, principiá<lb></lb>que doceremus. </s> <s id="s.014246">Etenim fi quis, quæ mente <lb></lb>aſſequi non valet, quæque arte mira conſtare <lb></lb>putat, quàm facilè, & vt ita dicam, nullo ar<lb></lb>tificio à natura fiant, intelligat, non ſolùm <lb></lb>deſinet admirari, & plurima vnius exemplo <lb></lb>cognoſcet, ſed etiam à naturæ operibus ad <lb></lb>artem traducens, & ipſe haud magno labore <lb></lb>admiranda aliis fabricabit. </s> <s id="s.014247">Sit autem pro in<lb></lb>numeris vnum tale exemplum. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014248"><margin.target id="marg1883"></margin.target><expan abbr="Tempeſtatũ">Tempeſtatum</expan> <lb></lb>differentiæ.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014249"><margin.target id="marg1884"></margin.target>Lacuum <lb></lb>cauſæ quin<lb></lb>que.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014250"><margin.target id="marg1885"></margin.target>Atlantis <lb></lb>maioris Æ<lb></lb>thiopiæ <expan abbr="mẽ-tis">men<lb></lb>tis</expan> mirum.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014251"><margin.target id="marg1886"></margin.target>Orbis ſitus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014252"><margin.target id="marg1887"></margin.target>Æther.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014253"><margin.target id="marg1888"></margin.target>Demonſtra<lb></lb>tio oſtendens, <lb></lb>quod idem <lb></lb>numero <expan abbr="nun-quã">nun<lb></lb>quam</expan> in æter<lb></lb>num redibit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014254"><margin.target id="marg1889"></margin.target>Acuum quid <lb></lb>ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014255"><margin.target id="marg1890"></margin.target>In æternis <lb></lb>idem eſt eſſe <lb></lb>ac poſſe.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014256"><margin.target id="marg1891"></margin.target>Zeilam inſu<lb></lb>la, terreſtris <lb></lb>quidam pa<lb></lb>radiſus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014257"><margin.target id="marg1892"></margin.target>Influxus <lb></lb>quid ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014258"><margin.target id="marg1893"></margin.target>Afflatus <lb></lb>quid ſit.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014259"><margin.target id="marg1894"></margin.target>Sortes in <lb></lb>quibus, & à <lb></lb>quo.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014260">Vides papillionum alas, quàm pulchrè, & <lb></lb>ad amuſſim coloribus diſtinctæ ſint? </s> <s id="s.014261">tum par<lb></lb>dorum, pantherarum, felium, tótque aliorum <lb></lb>animalium pelles, quod & ars etiam noſtris <lb></lb>temporibus nimis ſagax cœpit imitari, dum <lb></lb>muſtellarum earum, quas à varietate varios <lb></lb>appellant, pelles purpureo colore tingunt, <lb></lb>non ſolùm iucundo, ſed etiam ſalubri inuen<lb></lb>to. </s> <s id="s.014262">Sed ad rem redeo. </s> <s id="s.014263">Quid florum tot ſpecies <lb></lb>adeò elaboratas, vt ſumma diligentia, nec pi<lb></lb>ctor inſignis ad vnguem eos exprimat? </s> <s id="s.014264">Quid <lb></lb>igitur, an ab opifice natura intellectus, & <lb></lb>ſenſus experte, hæc quæ propriè ad ſenſum <lb></lb>atque eundem valdè purum pertinere viden<lb></lb>tur, facta erunt, aut fieri <expan abbr="potuerũt">potuerunt</expan>, an ſummi <lb></lb>opificis cura, tam paruis ac numeroſis rebus <lb></lb>deſtinabitur? </s> <s id="s.014265">Ille flores cyclaminis, trigemi<lb></lb>nóſque Iouis, goſſipij, iridis, colchici, ericæ, <lb></lb>hyoſcyami, tótque aliarum herbarum? </s> <s id="s.014266">illene <lb></lb>culmos albi ellebori, aut totam denique <lb></lb>pæoniam nobis diſtinguet? </s> <s id="s.014267">abſit. </s> <s id="s.014268">Sed quo<lb></lb>modo ſine arte vlla tantum artificium fiat, <lb></lb>intellige. </s> <s id="s.014269">Quæcunque fortuna miſta ſunt, <lb></lb>quomodocunque coloribus diſtinguantur, ac <lb></lb>abſque vlla ratione, ſeu creſcant, ſeu diuidan<lb></lb>tur æqualiter ſeu inflentur, formam colori<lb></lb>bus diſtinctam, exornatámque ad amuſſim ac <lb></lb>depictam pulchrè admodum præferunt. </s> <s id="s.014270">Di<lb></lb>uiduntur igitur papilionum alæ, & florum fo<lb></lb>lia, creſcúntque, & intumeſcunt velut vitrea <lb></lb>vaſa. </s> <s id="s.014271">Cùm enim albo maſſa, quaſi obiter di<lb></lb>ſtinguatur inflata, colores illos reddit æqua<lb></lb>libus diſtinctos interuallis. </s> <s id="s.014272">Iam vides, ſi quis <lb></lb>depictam velit tabellam, teſſellatóque po<lb></lb>tiùs labore variatam efficere, miſtis fortuitò <lb></lb>coloribus in maſſam, eáque per tranſuerſum <lb></lb>diuiſa æqualibus altitudinibus, fruſta dura<lb></lb>ta tabulæ pulcherrimæ formam referent, & <lb></lb>opus æternum reddent, cùm non vt colores <lb></lb>eluantur. </s> <s id="s.014273">Ergo vides vt in his imago reluceat <lb></lb>vniuerſi: vt enim multa ex vno, & ex æquali <lb></lb>inæqualia, ex fortuitis artificioſa, ex inordi<lb></lb>natis ordinata: ita ex vno Deo omnium opi<lb></lb>fice ſummo & <expan abbr="cõſtanti">conſtanti</expan>, facili quadam æqua<lb></lb>litate tam multa prodeunt. </s> <s id="s.014274">Videtur autem <lb></lb>ex vnitate binarius primùm proficiſci, quod <lb></lb>in cœlo obſeruare licet, neque enim tam <lb></lb>ſimpliciter vnum eſſe poteſt, quin in eo duos <lb></lb>motus primos effingere, imò & contemplari <lb></lb>liceat. </s> <s id="s.014275">Sed de his aliàs. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1895"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014276"><margin.target id="marg1895"></margin.target>Cur quædam <lb></lb>quarto anno <lb></lb>ſingulo me<lb></lb>liora eua<lb></lb>dant, & de <lb></lb>aliis circui<lb></lb>tibus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014277">Nec ſolùm quæ abdita ſunt formis, ſed <lb></lb>etiam numeris, cauſam habent. </s> <s id="s.014278">Velut quod <lb></lb>in Moluchiis quartano circuitu annorum <expan abbr="ga-ryophylorũ">ga<lb></lb>ryophylorum</expan> vberior prouentus ac felicior ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014279">Thermarum autem aquæ eodem circuitu <pb pagenum="671" xlink:href="016/01/318.jpg"></pb>fiunt deteriores: nam referunt biſextilibus <lb></lb>fieri noxias. </s> <s id="s.014280">Inter febres quoque genus eſt <lb></lb>omnibus notum, quod ab hoc circuitu no<lb></lb>men meruit. </s> <s id="s.014281">Qui in aſtrorum vim hæc refe<lb></lb>runt, Saturnúmque huius faciunt authorem, <lb></lb>maiorem quàm diſſoluant dubitationem re<lb></lb>linquunt: ſcilicet, quid aſtris cum quartano <lb></lb>circuitu dierum, vel annorum. </s> <s id="s.014282">Melius forſan <lb></lb>fuerit rerum ipſarum ſeriem contemplari, <lb></lb>quæ triplici ordine perficitur, initio, medio, <lb></lb>fine: ſeu imperfecto, perfecto, & abſoluto: aut <lb></lb>poſitiuo, comparatiuo, atque ſuperlatiuo. </s> <s id="s.014283">Hi <lb></lb>gradus cum in omnibus ſint rebus, <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> in bo<lb></lb>nis, tum in malis, ſi recurrat ordo, fiet quar<lb></lb>tus ſimillimus primo, quintus ſecundo, ſextus <lb></lb>tertio, atque rurſus quartus ſeptimo, atque <lb></lb>ita deinceps: vnde conſpicuus fiet quartanus <lb></lb>circuitus, atque illius cauſa manifeſtiſſima, <lb></lb>quam alij admirabantur tanquam ſuperſti<lb></lb>tioſam, alij longiſſimè repetebant, velut in <lb></lb>garyophilis primo anno vis imbecillis, ſe<lb></lb>cundo melior, tertio optima, quarto rurſus, <lb></lb>in effœta fiat, neceſſarium eſt, aliter virtus <lb></lb>eſſet infinita. </s> <s id="s.014284">Ita in thermarum aquis inutilis <lb></lb>anno vno, ſecundo bona, tertio optima, quar<lb></lb>to rurſus inutilis. </s> <s id="s.014285">Hanc vocant in ſalubrem <lb></lb>& noxiam, quæ cùm non iuuat, nocet non pa<lb></lb>rùm. </s> <s id="s.014286">In fluctibus, quóque maris ſi inſpicias, <lb></lb>primùm creſcunt, inde fremur pòſt ad ſum<lb></lb>mum attolluntur, ac mox decidunt: eodém<lb></lb>que ordine rurſum recurrunt: adeò vt audeam <lb></lb>dicere, res omnes hoc ordine teneri, quæ ma<lb></lb>gnis cauſis fiunt. </s> <s id="s.014287">Sed ſolùm in his mentem <lb></lb>adhibemus, in quibus ordo hic dies ſingulos, <lb></lb>aut annos pro ſingulis gradibus perficit: tunc <lb></lb>enim tres cùm exigantur anni ſeu dies, re<lb></lb>currendo quartanus declaratur circuitus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014288">Quæ verò alternatim decidunt ac perficiun<lb></lb>tur, tertianum circuitum perficiunt: quæ pa<arrow.to.target n="marg1896"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>rùm, aut nihil mutantur, quotidianum: atque <lb></lb>hæc eſt tam abſtruſi problematis manifeſtiſ<lb></lb>ſima cauſa. </s> <s id="s.014289">Iam verò aliò dirigenda oratio <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.014290">Dices enim, cur ſi Deus omnium eſt au<lb></lb>tor, mala bonis præſtant, celeritate, facilita<lb></lb>te, frequentia, magnitudine? </s> <s id="s.014291">Hora, imò mo<lb></lb>mento peſſum imus, & infirmamur: vt dite<lb></lb>mur, vt ſanemur, longo tempore opus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014292">Malum ingens caſu, verbo aduenit: vix mul<lb></lb>tis amicis, & auxilio ſeruamur. </s> <s id="s.014293">Tot denique <lb></lb>infortunia, luctus, dolor, morbus, infamia, <lb></lb>amor, irritus, timor, paupertas, vnum autem <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1897"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>ſolùm bonum non indigere. </s> <s id="s.014294">Quamobrem re<lb></lb>ctè videntur Epicurei ſtatuiſſe, indolentiam <lb></lb>bonorum finem. </s> <s id="s.014295">At magnitudine, quæ volu<lb></lb>ptas cruciatui, quæ ſpes timori, quæ felicitas <lb></lb>orbitati: quæ iucunditas carceri, quæ ſanitas <lb></lb>morbo, aut quæ diuitiæ paupertatis incom<lb></lb>modis, quis honor contemptui, aut irriſioni <lb></lb>coæquari poteſt? </s> <s id="s.014296">Denique eſt illa rerum om<lb></lb>nium extrema mors, cuius cogitationi ſolæ, <lb></lb>nec gaudia mille vitarum conferri poſſunt: <lb></lb>habet tamen hoc boni, quòd reliquos finiat <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1898"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>mœrores. </s> <s id="s.014297">Vt verò mortem odimus, ita filios, <lb></lb>vt nos alios factos amamus: auxilium quaſi <lb></lb>vnicum aduerſus illam ineuitabilem. </s> <s id="s.014298">Sunt <lb></lb>enim hi è nobis, ſpeciémque noſtram ſer<lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1899"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>uant, & nos ipſo referunt: ideò magis eos di<lb></lb>ligimus, quàm ſcorta, etſi plus illorum cauſa <lb></lb>ſeminis diſpereat. </s> <s id="s.014299">Filiorum quoque cauſa <lb></lb>Venus iucundior facta fuit ab opifice: cùm <lb></lb>enim miſceantur corpora, & quod proritat <lb></lb>intimum ſit, & minimo cum dolore, ideò <lb></lb>quamvis titillatio ſit è genere ſcabiei, ſenſus <lb></lb>tamen ille longè iucundior eſt. </s> <s id="s.014300">Sic igitur hoc <lb></lb>inuento, perpetuitati animantium prima <lb></lb>cauſa conſuluit. </s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014301"><margin.target id="marg1896"></margin.target>Mala bonis <lb></lb>quot modis <lb></lb>præſtent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014302"><margin.target id="marg1897"></margin.target>Bonorum fi<lb></lb>nis indolen<lb></lb>tia.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014303"><margin.target id="marg1898"></margin.target>Filios cur <lb></lb>magis ſcortis <lb></lb>amamus.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014304"><margin.target id="marg1899"></margin.target>Venus cur <lb></lb>plus delectet, <lb></lb>quàm ſi quis <lb></lb>ſcabiem <lb></lb>ſcalpat.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014305">Differt autem cauſa, principium, & occaſio <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1900"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>in rebus gerendis, non tantùm in natura: di<lb></lb>cimus enim cauſam fuiſſe Alexandro, quòd <lb></lb>in Aſiam traiecerit, victoriam facilem Athe<lb></lb>nienſium, de Artaxerxe ac Xerxe: tum Age<lb></lb>ſilai expeditionem, qua breuiſſimo tempore <lb></lb>partem Aſiæ occupauerat: vnde Alexandro <lb></lb>ſpes nata. </s> <s id="s.014306">Principium eſt, quo vtuntur ad ve<lb></lb>landum auaritiæ, & ambitionis ſuſpicionem <lb></lb>Reges, vt tranſitus in Græciam, Perſarum, <lb></lb>& cædes legatorum Perſarum, quæ à Mace<lb></lb>donibus perpetrata eſt. </s> <s id="s.014307">Occaſio, Phillippi <lb></lb>mors relinquentis exercitus bellicoſos, ex<lb></lb>hauſtámque cladibus Græciam. </s> <s id="s.014308">Vt omnes <lb></lb>eius populi aut gratia, aut metu cum Alexan<lb></lb>dro ſentirent. </s> <s id="s.014309">Sed non ſic Deus, imò omnium <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1901"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>horum, quæ in vniuerſo ſunt, cauſa, & origo, <lb></lb>fons, & principium eſt. </s> <s id="s.014310">Eſt autem totum im<lb></lb>menſum, ſummáque perfectio, nec aliud, <lb></lb>quàm ſeipſum contemplatur. </s> <s id="s.014311">Tanta luce, vt <lb></lb>ſolus capere poſſit eam, ac claritate mundum, <lb></lb>& hunc, & illum & quicquid eſt in orbium <lb></lb>extremo illuminat, immobilis, abſque varie<lb></lb>tate, cuius mortalium nemo, vel momento <lb></lb>ſplendorem ſuſtinere, aut fulgorem inſpicere <lb></lb>queat. </s> <s id="s.014312">Facilius toto anno Solem æſtiuum me<lb></lb>ridianum perferas oculis, quàm homo tem<lb></lb>poris exigui parte Dei lucem intellectu poſ<lb></lb>ſis contemplari. </s> <s id="s.014313">Ad quam tamen cùm fertur, <lb></lb>beatiſſimus eſt momento ſolo. </s> <s id="s.014314">Eſt enim hæc <lb></lb>ectaſis illa, ſolis probis, ſapientibúſque con<lb></lb>ceſſa, melior omni humana felicitate. </s> <s id="s.014315">Te<lb></lb>nuiſſima ſubſtantia eſt, atque ideò ſemper <lb></lb>quieſcit: <expan abbr="nã">nam</expan> quæ ſubtiliſſima ſunt, aut ſemper <lb></lb>mouentur, vt cœli: aut ſemper quieſcunt, vt <lb></lb>intellectus. </s> <s id="s.014316">Deus tamen non eſt intellectus, <lb></lb>ſed aliquid intellectu longè melius, beatius, <lb></lb>potentius, digniúſque. </s> <s id="s.014317">Quæris quid ergo ſit? </s> <s id="s.014318">ſi <lb></lb>ſcirem, Deus eſſem: nam Deum nemo nouit: <lb></lb>nec quid ſit, quiſpiam ſcit, niſi ſolus Deus. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1902"></arrow.to.target><lb></lb>Cùm verò quid ſit neſciamus, multò minùs <lb></lb>eius proprium nomen ſcire conceſſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014319">At <lb></lb><expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> principiorum, <expan abbr="reliquorũ">reliquorum</expan> cùm nec Deo, <lb></lb>nec illis <expan abbr="nomẽ">nomen</expan> ſit <expan abbr="vllũ">vllum</expan>, ſed impoſitis nomini<lb></lb>bus iuxta <expan abbr="opinionẽ">opinionem</expan>, quam de eis <expan abbr="cõcepimus">concepimus</expan>, <lb></lb>vel poteſtatis, vel claritatis, ac dignitatis, vti<lb></lb>mur. </s> <s id="s.014320">Conficta ſunt etiam multa à prauis ho<lb></lb>minibus, qui de Deo etiam nugari <expan abbr="tanquã">tanquam</expan> de <lb></lb>vno è nobis auſi ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014321">Sed nomina à <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> na<lb></lb>tura, <expan abbr="viribúſq;">viribúſque</expan> ac proprietatibus <expan abbr="ſumũtur">ſumuntur</expan> no<lb></lb>bis cognitis. </s> <s id="s.014322">Animas autem cœleſtes, <expan abbr="natu-rámq;">natu<lb></lb>rámque</expan> <expan abbr="earũ">earum</expan> multò magis, & Dei ſublimis in<lb></lb>cognitam intellectui noſtro omni ex parte <lb></lb>eſſe docuimus, quónam pacto ergo diis no<lb></lb>men vllum erit, aut imponere licebit. <lb></lb><arrow.to.target n="marg1903"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014323"><margin.target id="marg1900"></margin.target>Cauſa, prin<lb></lb>cipium, & <lb></lb>occaſio in <lb></lb>quo <expan abbr="differãt">differant</expan>.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014324"><margin.target id="marg1901"></margin.target>Deus quid.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014325"><margin.target id="marg1902"></margin.target>Dij nomine <lb></lb>carent.</s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014326"><margin.target id="marg1903"></margin.target>Epilogus.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014327">Hæc igitur tot, tantáque de Subtilitate di<lb></lb>cta ſufficiant, per genera, ſpeciéſque tractan<lb></lb>tibus: nam ſingularia ipſa finem nullum ha<lb></lb>bitura eſſent, & tamen ſub his comprehen<lb></lb>duntur. </s> <s id="s.014328">Quæ verò hîc exemplorum loco po<lb></lb>ſita ſunt, alia ob experientiæ facilitatem, alia <lb></lb><expan abbr="quoniã">quoniam</expan> à veritate magis aliena eſſe videren<lb></lb>tur, quædam ob raritatem, quædam ob diffi<lb></lb>cultatem adiecimus: ex his enim ad alia in <pb pagenum="672" xlink:href="016/01/319.jpg"></pb>eodem genere tranſire licet, & à ſimilitudi<lb></lb>ne, & à contrario, & à conſequentibus, & ab <lb></lb>his, quibus conſtat demonſtratio. </s> <s id="s.014329">Quæ au<lb></lb>tem à compoſitione maiora ſunt atque præ<lb></lb>ſtantiora, ea verò ex ſingularibus habentur, <lb></lb>ſed maiore negotio. </s> <s id="s.014330">Quamobrem his finem <lb></lb>imponamus. <arrow.to.target n="marg1904"></arrow.to.target></s> </p> <p type="margin"> <s id="s.014331"><margin.target id="marg1904"></margin.target>Gratiarum <lb></lb>actio.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014332">Tu igitur altiſſime Deus à quo omnia bo<lb></lb>na profluunt, cuius nutu cuncta mouentur, <lb></lb>cuius imperium nullis finitur limitibus, cla<lb></lb>ritas infinita, qui ſolus lumen verum præbes, <lb></lb>ſolus verè æternus, totus in te ipſo, tibi ſoli <lb></lb>notus, cuius ſapientia omnem excedit cogi<lb></lb>tationem, vnus atque incomparabilis, extra <lb></lb>quem nihil eſt, qui me velut terræ vermem <lb></lb>in vmbra ſcientiæ direxiſti, cui quicquid ve<lb></lb>ri hîc ſcriptum eſt, debeo: errores, am<lb></lb>bitio mea, temeritáſque ac celeritas pe<lb></lb>pererunt, ignoſce mihi: mentémque <lb></lb>meam illuminando pro tua indefeſſa libe<lb></lb>ralitate, ad meliora dirige. </s> <s id="s.014333">Cùm verò tu <lb></lb>nullis indigeas, nec quicquam addere poſſim, <lb></lb>quòd cœli, cœlorúmque poteſtates, quod <lb></lb>materia, terráque faciunt, vniuerſáque ipſius <lb></lb>mundi partes, gratias perpetuas pro immen<lb></lb>ſis erga me beneficiis ago. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014334"><emph type="center"></emph>FINIS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.319.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/319/1.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <pb pagenum="673" xlink:href="016/01/320.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.016.01.320.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/320/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014335"><emph type="center"></emph>ACTIO PRIMA,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014336"><emph type="center"></emph>IN CALVMNIATOREM<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014337"><emph type="center"></emph>LIBRORVM DE SVBTILITATE,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014338"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>AD FRANCISCVM ABVNDIVM<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014339"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>S. </s> <s id="s.014340">Abundij Commendatarium Perpetuum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014341">RECTE quidem ac iure me<lb></lb>ritò exiſtimaſſe videtur <lb></lb>Empedocles, duo eſſe re<lb></lb>rum naturalium princi<lb></lb>pia, quorum alterum bo<lb></lb>num, & ad conſtruen dum <lb></lb>accommodatum, quóque <lb></lb>omnia repararentur ac florerent: alterum <lb></lb>malum, ad deſtruendum ſolùm paratum <lb></lb>atque idoneum. </s> <s id="s.014342">Namque id tam apertè in <lb></lb>cunctis rebus humanis, & naturalibus con<lb></lb>ſpicitur, vt ſtudiose inter ſe hæc principia <lb></lb>certare perpetuò videantur. </s> <s id="s.014343">Etenim aſſiduè <lb></lb>ortum, & interitum, incolumitatem, & <lb></lb>morbum, lætitiam atque triſtitiam, ſere<lb></lb>nitatem, & nubes, abundantiam ac penu<lb></lb>riam, ſexcentáque huiuſmodi in dies ſin<lb></lb>gulos ſuccedere ſibi inuicem alterna vice <lb></lb>videmus. </s> <s id="s.014344">Iam modò florebant artes, bo<lb></lb>næ literæ maximum ſuſceperant incremen<lb></lb>tum, honos magnus eruditis ac ſtudioſis <lb></lb>habebatur: tot rerum inſignium notitia ac<lb></lb>ceſſerat, vt aurea ætas reſtituta videretur, <lb></lb>poſſéntque maiores noſtri, pueri ad præſen<lb></lb>tes collati iuſtè appellari: cùm ecce ſubitò <lb></lb>verſa rerum omnium facies, ac cuncta ſi<lb></lb>mul relabi cœperunt, non honos ſtudio<lb></lb>ſis, non præmia eruditis, non cultus ar<lb></lb>tium ac diſciplinarum, non quies vlla à ve<lb></lb>xationibus conceditur. </s> <s id="s.014345">Quin falſa veris, <lb></lb>infima ſummis miſceantur, atque idem exi<lb></lb>ſtimatur, eſſe, & haberi verba, & res ip<lb></lb>ſæ, diſciplinæ, & artes, reconditæque <lb></lb>ſcientiæ, cum ſophiſticis argutiolis ac ca<lb></lb>uillationibus. </s> <s id="s.014346">Id factum ex non tam bel<lb></lb>lorum horum implacabilium importunita<lb></lb>te, quàm ambitione eorum, qui ſurgentem <lb></lb>vndique lucem diuini numeris conantur <lb></lb>extinguere. </s> <s id="s.014347">Atque exemplo Heroſtrati, <lb></lb>qui templum illud deleuit, cuius ne mini<lb></lb>mum quidem angulum ædificare ſufficiens <lb></lb>fuiſſet, hi egregij viri ingenium, doctri<lb></lb>nam, deorum dona, ac hominum com<lb></lb>modis deſtinata, ad euertenda benè inuen<lb></lb>ta dirigunt. </s> <s id="s.014348">Nam cùm quædam artes, imò <lb></lb>potiùs diſciplinæ ſint, quæ hoc præcipuè <lb></lb>obtineant, vt de omnibus aliis artibus ſa<lb></lb>tis benè atque ornatè dicere poſſunt, vt pri<lb></lb>ma Philoſophia, & Grammatica, verùm <lb></lb>principaliter Dialectica atque Rhetorica: <lb></lb>quidam in his iuſtè plus, quàm deceat exer<lb></lb>citati, non ſecùs, ac qui meſſoria falce ad iu<lb></lb>gulandos homines vtitur, ad inutiles diſpu<lb></lb>tationes, contentioſáſque calumnias, quas <lb></lb>Galenus toties, ac tam acerbè inſectatur, nec <lb></lb>tamen quantum ipſa res merebatur, præſtare <lb></lb>potuit, incommodo magno ac iactura bona<lb></lb>rum diſciplinarum abutuntur. </s> <s id="s.014349">Vt non abſur<lb></lb>dè dubitaret ipſe Rhetoricæ ac Eloquentiæ <lb></lb>pater Cicero, an facundia plus commodi ac <lb></lb>incommodi ciuitatibus afferret? </s> <s id="s.014350">ſcilicet quòd <lb></lb>cognoſceret, has artes, quæ in nullo proprio <lb></lb>verſantur ſubiecto, nihilque aliud, quàm diſ<lb></lb>ceptare efficaciùs docent, non ſecùs ac con<lb></lb>dimenta, ſal, oleum, acetum, moderatè qui<lb></lb>dem adhibita cibos efficere ſuauiores, at <lb></lb>ſi immodicè immiſceantur, nihil eſſe nocen<lb></lb>tius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014351">Ergo hac confidentia fretus calumniator <lb></lb>quidam, dum moliri ſuo marte nihil quàm <lb></lb>audet, opus noſtrum de Subtilitate demoliri <lb></lb>aggreſſus eſt, ſperans (vt reor) futurum, vt <lb></lb>mutuis altercationibus hominibus incla<lb></lb>reſceret. </s> <s id="s.014352">Neque enim video ſi aliquid le<lb></lb>ctu dignum ſua induſtria, & quod homi<lb></lb>nibus eſſe vtile, ac ſine contentionis pe<lb></lb>riculo, ſine liuoris ſuſpicione, & abſque metu <lb></lb>infamiæ, cur non tot horas potiùs (quas val<lb></lb>dè multas conſumpſiſſe haud dubium eſt ) <lb></lb>quandoquidem maior (vt dici ſolet) appendix <lb></lb>ſit principali, aliquo in præclaro ſubiecto <lb></lb>collocauerit. </s> <s id="s.014353">Quinetiam audiui ipſum hoc <lb></lb>virulentiæ genere vſum eſſe, vt primùm li<lb></lb>bros de Futilitate inſcripſerit, quanquam <lb></lb>poſtmodum mutato conſilio, aut amicorum <lb></lb>ſuaſu propriam inſcriptionem reſtituerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014354">Itaque vtut res ſe habuerit, vel non admo<lb></lb>dum iudicio valuit, vel liuore quodam victus <lb></lb>eſt, vel vt tantus non ſit, quantum ſui illi <lb></lb>gnathones ferunt in re literaria, neceſſa<lb></lb>rium eſt. </s> <s id="s.014355">Sed ego omnia malim in melius in<lb></lb>terpretari, ſit diligens, acutus, eruditus ſanè <lb></lb>per me licet, hæc bono etiam animo, & reip. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014356">literariæ iuuandæ ſtudio iſta conſcripſerit <lb></lb>(quanquam ego non adeò acuti ingenij me <lb></lb>eſſe fatear, vt omnia hæc ſimul eſſe poſ<lb></lb>ſe videam ) quid illum adegit rogo, vt ca<lb></lb>lumniis ac criminationibus, tum maledi<lb></lb>ctis abſque offenſa, imò etiam abſque co<lb></lb>gnitione hominis vlla me inceſſeret? </s> <s id="s.014357">aut in <pb pagenum="674" xlink:href="016/01/321.jpg"></pb>proœmio tum Epiſtola laudaret effuſiſſimè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014358">in toto opere me argueret, atque damnaret? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014359">quaſi vel ſui ipſius oblitus, vel quod certum <lb></lb>eſt, ad calumniam, & iniuriam irriſionem <lb></lb>quoque adiecerit? </s> <s id="s.014360">Denique quo conſilio <lb></lb>etiam de religione his turbulentis tempori<lb></lb>bus me accuſare nititur? </s> <s id="s.014361">an hæc ſunt præce<lb></lb>pta Philoſophiæ? </s> <s id="s.014362">an hoc eſt rationibus vel<lb></lb>le vincere? </s> <s id="s.014363">an non hæc ſunt violentiſſimi <lb></lb>inimici, aut virulentiſſimi animi indicia <lb></lb>manifeſta, velle in ius hominem vocare de <lb></lb>fortunis, de vita, de fama, ob diſcepratio<lb></lb>nem non à me, ſed ab ipſo inſtitutam, in<lb></lb>choatam, abſque vlla inimicitia, nullis iur<lb></lb>giis, nullis odiorum ſeminariis præcedenti<lb></lb>bus non accuſatus, non laceſſitus ipſe prius? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014364">Quæ ſi adeſſent, adhuc de hoc facto laudari <lb></lb>non poſſet, excuſari forſan poſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014365">Quid poſtmodum de iudicio dicas, diſpu<lb></lb>taturus de naturali Philoſophia, toties Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelis atque Auerroïs innixus principiis at<lb></lb>que authoritati, apud quos ſuppoſita, quam <lb></lb>illi probant mundi æternitate, à Chriſto di<lb></lb>uinitas, & ab omnibus ſpes remunerationis <lb></lb>bonorum atque malorum aufertur, audet me <lb></lb>de impietate inſimulare? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014366">Sed maior eſt integritas atque ſapientia <lb></lb>horum cenſorum, quàm illius liuor. </s> <s id="s.014367">Norunt <lb></lb>enim alia eſſe, quæ ſenſibus innitens homo <lb></lb>diiudicat: alia quæ nequimus attingere, & <lb></lb>in quibus hallucinamur, quæ quantò minùs <lb></lb>ſunt probabilia, tantò ſunt magis vera. </s> <s id="s.014368">Et <lb></lb>quanquam priora his repugnent, quis tamen <lb></lb>non libenter etiam audiat de illis diſceptan<lb></lb>tem; imò etiam rideat, cùm ſciat quan<lb></lb>tum aberret vis noſtra, ac quantùm ſapien<lb></lb>tia humana ab ipſa rerum ſerie declinet, ve<lb></lb>lut ſi aſtronomus quiſpiam peritus confi<lb></lb>dentem ſenſibus Epicureum de ſolis paruita<lb></lb>te audiuerit, num iraſcetur? </s> <s id="s.014369">num damnabit <lb></lb>eum: an potiùs dicet, & ego ni aliter com<lb></lb>pertum haberem, ita crederem. </s> <s id="s.014370">Cæterum <lb></lb>irrito illius conatu delectabitur. </s> <s id="s.014371">At quod ad <lb></lb>me attinet, nullus tam nobis infenſus fuit, <lb></lb>qui nos aut de improbitate, aut impietate <lb></lb>calumniari, nedum accuſare tentauerit. </s> <s id="s.014372">Ta<lb></lb>metſi enim apud noſtros, & ob inuidiam, & <lb></lb>ob <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> illi vocant duritiem, alius quiſpiam <lb></lb>illam vocat duritiem, alius quiſpiam nequior <lb></lb>ruſticitatem appellare malit, quæ verè nihil <lb></lb>aliud eſt, quam omnium malorum homi<lb></lb>num odium, omnibus ſum inuiſus, cum ne<lb></lb>minem palám me amare profeſſus ſim, nullus <lb></lb>tamen horum criminum reum me fecit vn<lb></lb>quam, quod & vita, & mores, & ſcripta ab <lb></lb>omni talium ſuſpicione vacent, & plus apud <lb></lb>illos pudor, quàm liuor valeat, aut odium. </s> <s id="s.014373">Vt <lb></lb>enim ego tametſi quenquam non accuſem, <lb></lb>multos tamen arguam, quòd nimis iuſtè am<lb></lb>bitioni, auaritiæ, maledicentiæque ſtudeant, <lb></lb>neminem ignorantiæ, quòd valdè paucis in <lb></lb>hac vrbe medicis iuſtè obiici poſſe intelli<lb></lb>gam, & illi ab his abſtinent calumniis, quas <lb></lb>ſi obiicerent, potiùs ſuam nequitiam, quàm <lb></lb>meæ vitæ labem teſtarentur. </s> <s id="s.014374">At inuentus eſt <lb></lb>homo in <expan abbr="terrarũ">terrarum</expan> finibus mihi non ſolùm, & <lb></lb>conſanguineis meis ignotus, ſed penè etiam <lb></lb>vrbi, vel nomine ipſo, qui in me non læ<lb></lb>ſus talia fingit. </s> <s id="s.014375">Sed audi, quo conſilio? </s> <s id="s.014376">quá <lb></lb>ve diligentia? </s> <s id="s.014377">Teſtatur primum nec ſe ſecun<lb></lb>dam <expan abbr="editionẽ">editionem</expan> libri mei vidiſſe, quæ anno ta<lb></lb>men 1554. atque in eius initio publicata eſt, <lb></lb>ipſe anno 1557. ſuum edidit opus: ſi addita <lb></lb>eſſe aliqua exiſtimauit, cur vtilitatis publicæ <lb></lb>cauſa non addidit cenſuram ſuam? </s> <s id="s.014378">Sin au<lb></lb>tem emendata credidit, quæ priùs emiſſa fo<lb></lb>rent, cur maluit videri caſtigator eorum, <lb></lb>quæ caſtigatione non indigebant? </s> <s id="s.014379">Verùm in<lb></lb>tellige (ſi modò, vt credo, vera refert) quid <lb></lb>voluerit, & quo conſilio id egerit, tantum <lb></lb>illi inerat ſtudij ad accuſandum, vt timuerit, <lb></lb>ne quæ accuſauerat, ego priùs correxiſſem, <lb></lb>laboriſque præmium amitteret. </s> <s id="s.014380">Vides modò <lb></lb>hominis naturam, & ingenium, ob quam <lb></lb>cauſam credo impreſſor, homo minimè ſtul<lb></lb>tus, ſatis parcè, nec pro more ſuo, opus il<lb></lb>lud impreſſit. </s> <s id="s.014381">Quis enim ferat hominem <lb></lb>edentem accuſationem, ſeu malis caſtiga<lb></lb>tionem in primam editionem, cùm iam diu <lb></lb>(triennio ſiquidem antè) ſecunda ab ipſomet <lb></lb>auctore euulgata ſit? </s> <s id="s.014382">Hic ergo cùm quatuor <lb></lb>commoda ſibi quæſiſſet, ex hoc tanto la<lb></lb>bore nullum aſſecutus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014383">Cupiebat mecum <lb></lb>diſceptare, non impetrabit: <expan abbr="elogiũ">elogium</expan> enim mihi <lb></lb>præ foribus eſt: tempus poſſeſſio mea: exi<lb></lb>gua portio illius mihi eſt, & maxima cha<lb></lb>ritas, ex Galeni præcepto, omnibus, vt non <lb></lb>diſceptationibus ſophiſtarum, ſed in ſolidis <lb></lb>ſtudiis atque operibus ipſis laude dignis con<lb></lb>ſumendum ſit. </s> <s id="s.014384">Satis eſt in ſcholis Dialecti<lb></lb>corum, & ſophiſtarum. </s> <s id="s.014385">Profeſſor Dialecti<lb></lb>cæ, vel Metaphyſicæ, viginti coronatis <lb></lb>apud nos conducitur: Medicinæ, & Philo<lb></lb>ſophiæ naturalis, ſexcentis ac mille, atque <lb></lb>etiam ampliùs, atque iure meritò: cùm hæ <lb></lb>diſciplinæ, nihil certum docent, ſed ad ſo<lb></lb>lam veritatis inquiſitionem ſpectant, eate<lb></lb>nus ſint legendæ, atque in pretio haben<lb></lb>dæ, quatenus homo eò perueniat, vt en<lb></lb>thymemata, ac ſyllogiſmos rectè conſtrue<lb></lb>re norit, captionéſque vocum vitare, nec<lb></lb>non generaliſſima illa ſignificata quorun<lb></lb>dam nominum intelligere. </s> <s id="s.014386">Vlterius ſi proce<lb></lb>das, hominem ineptum reddunt, vt qui <lb></lb>confidat, dum de omnibus acutiùs, quàm <lb></lb>par eſt, ac locupletius diſputare nouit, abſ<lb></lb>que propria ſcientiarum, in quibus diſce<lb></lb>ptat cognitione, ſe eruditum videri, abſque <lb></lb>labore, ſcientémque abſque ſcientia. </s> <s id="s.014387">At di<lb></lb>ces, Ad veritatem tamen inquirendam hæc <lb></lb>vtilia ſunt? </s> <s id="s.014388">A page, nequaquam hoc dicebat <lb></lb>Galenus: ſed illi propriè, qui in Mathema<lb></lb>ticis exercitati ſunt, veras rationes à falſis <lb></lb>ob conſuetudinem declarandi norunt. </s> <s id="s.014389">Vi<lb></lb>demus Chryſippum, qui gloriabatur ſe cer<lb></lb>taturum cum quovis mortali in Dialectica, <lb></lb>quique optaret, Deum quempiam cum illo <lb></lb>congredi, atque diſputare in ea arte, quàm <lb></lb>ineptè concludat, quámque facilè ſuperetur <lb></lb>cum ſua argumentorum multitudine, cúm<lb></lb>que tanta copia authoritatum à Galeno in <lb></lb>cauſa de membrorum principatu: vt illa lo<lb></lb>gicæ immoderata exercitatio potiùs obfue<lb></lb>rit, quàm profuerit. </s> <s id="s.014390">Vidimus noſtra ætate <lb></lb>Marium Nizolium, & M. </s> <s id="s.014391">Antonium Ma<lb></lb>ioragium, poſtquam immodicè his commu<lb></lb>nibus locis, his argutiolis operam dederunt, <lb></lb>quid profecerint. </s> <s id="s.014392">At contra Budeum, Alcia<lb></lb>tum, Eraſmum, Veſalium, Braſauolum, <lb></lb>Fuchſium, Cornarium ( dij boni ) quæ <pb pagenum="675" xlink:href="016/01/322.jpg"></pb>ſplendida ingenia, quanta authoritate vixê<lb></lb>re? </s> <s id="s.014393">quàm magnifica opera reliquêre? </s> <s id="s.014394">Dioge<lb></lb>nes rectè dicere ſolebat: Qui inter pueros <lb></lb>ſemper verſatur, à puero parùm differt. </s> <s id="s.014395">Num <lb></lb>Galenus Ptolemæus, Archimedes, tum ipſe <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles dialecticæ parens his argutiolis <lb></lb>innituntur? </s> <s id="s.014396">aut potius ſolidas declarationes <lb></lb>quæſiuêre? </s> <s id="s.014397">Deinde quo exemplo rogo tan<lb></lb>tum opus conſcripſit aduerſus noſtros de <lb></lb>Subtilitate libros? </s> <s id="s.014398">Carpſiſſe aliqua frequens <lb></lb>fuit exemplum Ariſtotelis, maximè tum <lb></lb>Galeni. </s> <s id="s.014399">Totum librum euertere longiſſimo <lb></lb>alio libro inuſitata, non ſolùm apud anti<lb></lb>quos, ſed etiam æquales ætate autores, res <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.014400">Atque id iure, nam magnus liber ſi ine<lb></lb>ptias continet, ſolùm ſufficere admonuiſſe <lb></lb>lectorem, paucis in exemplum reprehenſis: <lb></lb>ſin bona <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> vtilia quomodo qui tot nouit, <lb></lb>in omnibus potuit aberrare Reprehendit me <lb></lb>de Latinitate, atque id iurè, nam de cauſis <lb></lb>linguæ Latinæ ſcripſit ipſe. </s> <s id="s.014401">Sed tamen de<lb></lb>poſito pignore certabo, neque Grammaticè <lb></lb>nedum Latinè ipſum loqui. </s> <s id="s.014402">Præcisè, pro ad <lb></lb>vnguem, alterat, particulari penetratione, <lb></lb>ac innumera eiuſmodi ( vt totus liber his <lb></lb>plenus ſit ) penitùs intimæ barbariei argu<lb></lb>menta ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014403">Qualis hic cenſor, qualis homi<lb></lb>nis ingenium, quæve amentia? </s> <s id="s.014404">cum quæ <lb></lb>ipſe admittit, quo totus liber ſuus refertus <lb></lb>eſt (eſt enim ab initio ad calcem, vt ſi quis <lb></lb>alius, totus planè barbarus ) fruſtrà, & ſine <lb></lb>cauſa in aliis reprehenditur? </s> <s id="s.014405">quæ tamen <lb></lb>etiamſi adeſſent, nonne illud vulgatum ad<lb></lb>monere poterat, Omni carere culpa debe<lb></lb>re eum, qui in alium dicere paratus ſit? </s> <s id="s.014406">Ac<lb></lb>cuſat me, quòd ex Agyrtarum impoſturis <lb></lb>plurima conuaſarim, tot calumniis atque <lb></lb>iniuriis, quot ſunt verba. </s> <s id="s.014407">Sed ſit ita, modò <lb></lb>quæ ſcripſi vera eſſe fateamur, num putat <lb></lb>paruum eſſe an mediocris iudicij vel indu<lb></lb>ſtriæ, vel laboris, aut vulgaris ſapientiæ in<lb></lb>ter tot falſa, paucula vera deprehendere, ſe<lb></lb>ligere, cauſamque illorum adiicere? </s> <s id="s.014408">an re<lb></lb>fert vnde veritatem ipſam expiſceris? </s> <s id="s.014409">an vt <lb></lb>dicebat Veſpaſianus Imperator, aurum ex <lb></lb>vrinæ vectigalibus collectum vrinam olet? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014410">Ita ergo ( quod tamen à veritate maximè <lb></lb>alienum eſt) ſi ex Agyrtarum experimentis <lb></lb>pauca ſint adiecta, etiamſi vera ſint, pro im<lb></lb>poſturis habenda ſunt? </s> <s id="s.014411">Sed valeant hæc om<lb></lb>nia, nec vllius ſint momenti: duo ſunt, quæ <lb></lb>omninò me præpediunt, ne poſſim, etiam ſi <lb></lb>velim, illi reſpondere, & quibus vale dicere <lb></lb>nequeam: alterum eſt, quòd occupatus ſim <lb></lb>nimis in rebus humano generi vtilioribus: <lb></lb>nec ſufficiat tempus, quod ab exercitatione <lb></lb>medendi ſupereſt his negociis, adeò vt & <lb></lb>hoc ipſum paucum quo ſcribo, cogar à cu<lb></lb>randi officio non leui certè damno rei pecu<lb></lb>niariæ ſubtrahere, quantò minùs vt ad reſ<lb></lb>pondendum tam longæ neniæ ſuppetat? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014412">Nunc enim tres libros Contradicentium, <lb></lb>qui duobus editis proximè ſuccedunt, per<lb></lb>ficio, & quatuor libros de Vrinis nouam <lb></lb>prorſus inuentionem, atque innumeris expe<lb></lb>rimentis comprobatam, rem ſanè qua nul<lb></lb>lam aliam ſciam mortalium generi vtilio<lb></lb>rem, per quam multa millia hominum, qui <lb></lb>ſecùs perituri forent, ſingulis annis ſerua<lb></lb>buntur, magno medicorum gloriæ incre<lb></lb>mento conſcribo, atque ſimul Hymnum <lb></lb>Deo finem hoc anno ſcribendo impoſiturus <lb></lb>his libris: quibus cùm nihil maius efficere <lb></lb>me potuiſſe fatear, nec maiore diligentia <lb></lb>aliud quicquam conſcripſiſſe, coronidem la<lb></lb>boribus meis honeſtiſſimam impoſuiſſe ar<lb></lb>bitror. </s> <s id="s.014413">Vno enim eorum corporis ſalubrita<lb></lb>ti, quantum vllo alio libro conſultum eſt: <lb></lb>altero animæ tranquillitati ac ſplendori, vt <lb></lb>nihil maius excogitare potuerim, cùm etiam <lb></lb>in vtroque non dubitem, & induſtria, & <lb></lb>diligentia, & rei tractandæ inuentione, & <lb></lb>quod omnium maximum eſt, numinis au<lb></lb>xilio ac gratia me ipſum in omnium alio<lb></lb>rum librorum, præterquam Artis paruæ <lb></lb>medendi compoſitione, quam etiam anno <lb></lb>præcedente perfeci, longo interuallo ſupe<lb></lb>raſſe. </s> <s id="s.014414">Nam neque quenquam vel mediocri<lb></lb>ter expertum medicum futurum exiſtimo, <lb></lb>qui prælectis his libris intellectis, diligen<lb></lb>terque conſideratis, non quaſi prodigioſas <lb></lb>prædictiones atque curas in ſingulis morbis <lb></lb>effecturus non ſit. </s> <s id="s.014415">Nec quenquam adeò ma<lb></lb>lum, & perfractæ vitæ mortalem, modò in <lb></lb>eo aliquid ratio humana poſſit, qui moribus <lb></lb>atque pietate optimis aut cuique veritatis <lb></lb>egregio amatori ſimillimus non euadat, at<lb></lb>que adeò efficaci vi mutare hominum mo<lb></lb>res poteſt, vt ne boni fiant, ſi qui ſtudent, <lb></lb>prorſus ab illius lectione abſtinere cogantur <lb></lb>Hæc ſunt commoda, quæ hoc labore, ſupre<lb></lb>mo Deo dante, humano generi præſtiturus <lb></lb>ſum. </s> <s id="s.014416">An igitur par eſt his relectis ad reſpon<lb></lb>dendum longiſſimæ fabulæ, & maximè in<lb></lb>tricatæ diſputationi me conferre? </s> <s id="s.014417">accedit al<lb></lb>terum, quòd ex hac tam longa, quam <expan abbr="futurã">futuram</expan> <lb></lb>video contentione, nihil decorum nobis, aut <lb></lb>vtile humano generi ſucceſſurum ſpero. </s> <s id="s.014418">Sed <lb></lb>vt apud Socratem, eia Xantippe, eia Socra<lb></lb>tes dicentes, communiter fabulæ ſpectatores <lb></lb>nos irrideant: <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> enim in hac ſua <foreign lang="grc">ῥαψωδίᾳ</foreign>, <lb></lb>niſi tricæ ſophiſmata maledicta, iurgia <expan abbr="calũ-niæ">calum-<lb></lb>niæ</expan> inueniri poterunt, & tum legendo, tum <lb></lb><expan abbr="reſpondẽdo">reſpondendo</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſolùm ego, ſed & lectores ipſi <lb></lb>tædio potiùs, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> voluptate afficiantur. </s> <s id="s.014419">Quid <lb></lb>ergo cauſæ eſt, vt reſcribam? </s> <s id="s.014420">nec enim in re <lb></lb>ipſa iuuamur, cum nullum ipſe in tam lon<lb></lb>go opere experimentum adiiciat, quod erat <lb></lb>operis ipſius propoſitum, & id, de quo lo<lb></lb>quutus ſum, cum ſucceſſurum aliquem, qui <lb></lb>hac tractatione aucturus eſſet, prædixi: <lb></lb>nec diſputatio ipſa voluptatem legentibus <lb></lb>ſit allatura, vt duorum commodorum, quæ <lb></lb>lectio præſtare ſolet, ſcilicet: Vt prodeſſe <lb></lb>velint, & delectare Poëtæ: nullum in hac <lb></lb>reſponſione ſubſecuturum videam. </s> <s id="s.014421">Id etiam <lb></lb>tertio loco me à ſcribendo auertit: quod ſi <lb></lb>omnibus reſpondere voluero, nimis lon<lb></lb>gum opus conficere nulli vſui futurum co<lb></lb>gar: ſi aliquibus tantum exiſtimabunt in<lb></lb>uidi, quæ prætermiſerim, ob id præter<lb></lb>miſiſſe, quod reſpondere neſciam. </s> <s id="s.014422">Et licet <lb></lb>exiſtimaturi ſint aliqui me victum, atque <lb></lb>certamini imparem? </s> <s id="s.014423">ita ſit, malo aliquid <lb></lb>amittere, quàm ſpoliari. </s> <s id="s.014424">Eſt euulgatus <lb></lb>liber ſuus, eſt noſter, lectores facilè iudi<lb></lb>cium ferent. </s> <s id="s.014425">Quid ſi me mortuo prodiiſſet <lb></lb>liber, vt credidit: nunquid torqueri debeo <lb></lb>nunc, ne aliàs in futurum id accidat? </s> <s id="s.014426">aut que<lb></lb>ri, quòd non perpetuus ſim, aut tueri <pb pagenum="676" xlink:href="016/01/323.jpg"></pb>ſcripta mea valeam? </s> <s id="s.014427">Equidem ſi bona erunt, <lb></lb>tuebuntur docti, communis hominum con<lb></lb>ſenſus, princeps aliquis bonus, genius qui<lb></lb>dam: ſi mali, nec opto, nec è re mea eſt, aut <lb></lb>meorum, aut humani generis, vt ſuperſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014428">Victus es? </s> <s id="s.014429">fatebor: quid amplius vis? </s> <s id="s.014430">à ma<lb></lb>ximo viro victus ero, qui iam quatuordecim <lb></lb>volumina. </s> <s id="s.014431">Exotericarum exercitationum <expan abbr="cõ-ſcripſiſſe">con<lb></lb>ſcripſiſſe</expan> gloriatur: cùm nulla alia tamen <lb></lb>prodierit in lucem, ab vltima editione vide<lb></lb>tur inçhoaſſe: forſan & ab hac ſi abſtinuiſ<lb></lb>ſet, parum detrimenti acceptura fuiſſet reſ<lb></lb>pub. </s> <s id="s.014432">literaria. </s> <s id="s.014433">Intelligo & ſimili argumen<lb></lb>to contra Eraſmum conſcripſiſſe, vt huic <lb></lb>monomachiæ vir ſtrenuus, ac miles egre<lb></lb>gius aſſuetus videatur. </s> <s id="s.014434">Sed illam videre non <lb></lb>licuit, neſcio an Eraſmus, qui & ipſe his <lb></lb>certaminibus non parum gaudebat, illi reſ<lb></lb>cripſerit. </s> <s id="s.014435">Verum vtcumque res cedat, malo <lb></lb>iacturam facere gloriæ quàm temporis. </s> <s id="s.014436">Pi<lb></lb>geret quòd inter tot occupationes menſem <lb></lb>abſumpſiſſem, niſi me delectaſſent mirum <lb></lb>in modum viri acumen, ſales, ſcomata: neſ<lb></lb>cio an aliis arridebit? </s> <s id="s.014437">Vnum tamen optaſ<lb></lb>ſem, quòd cum de cauſis linguæ Latinæ con<lb></lb>ſcripſiſſet librum, vt Latinè ſaltem ſcripſiſ<lb></lb>ſet. </s> <s id="s.014438">Secundum quod ſperauit, vt reor, & <lb></lb>multò minus obtinere poteſt quàm primum <lb></lb>eſt, vt ego iurgiis ſecum contendam, quòd <lb></lb>tam à natura mea alienum eſt, quàm vt <lb></lb>video illi familiare. </s> <s id="s.014439">Turpe mihi videtur phi<lb></lb>loſopho iurgiis agere, Chriſtiano conten<lb></lb>dere, probo viro criminari quenquam, me<lb></lb>dico ſeneſcenti iam ac viro graui ineptè <lb></lb><expan abbr="cõuincia">conuicia</expan> in alium ingerere: etenim malo malè <lb></lb>audire, quàm dicere, iniuriam pati, quàm in<lb></lb>ferre, aut reddere: quod <expan abbr="quanquã">quanquam</expan> admiratio<lb></lb>ne dignum ſit ab Ariſtotele in Rhetoricis <lb></lb>præcipi, tamen præcipitur, cùm puer eſſem <lb></lb>audiebam: Contra verboſos noli contendere <lb></lb>verbis. </s> <s id="s.014440">Negat ſe iurgiis acturum, ab iniu<lb></lb>riis abſtinere ſe prædicat. </s> <s id="s.014441">Quid prohibet, ne <lb></lb>ego illum in ius vocem, atque de mendatio <lb></lb>agam ex lege. </s> <s id="s.014442">De ætate quoque, titulo de <lb></lb>interrogationibus non ſemel, ſed pro qua<lb></lb>cunque pagina ter, ſi communi noſtro com<lb></lb>putemus? </s> <s id="s.014443">ô virum egregium, & moribus his <lb></lb>illuſtrem. </s> <s id="s.014444">At Plinium aſinum appellaſti<emph type="italics"></emph>?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> il<lb></lb>lud malè habeat, quòd & ipſe purus cùm <lb></lb>Grammaticus eſſet, imò ne Grammaticus <lb></lb>quidem, qui tot cenſuris ad linguæ Latinæ <lb></lb>candorem redigi per tot illuſtres viros ma<lb></lb>ximis cum laboribus nondum potuerit, de <lb></lb>omnibus diſciplinis ſcribere auſis ſit. </s> <s id="s.014445">Hos <lb></lb>ego viros tamen non odi: ſed temeritatem <lb></lb>incredibilem in tanto mentis ſtupore, repre<lb></lb>hendo: at aſinum appellaſti? </s> <s id="s.014446">Galenus hoc ta<lb></lb>men ſæpè facit, vt quaſi iubeat rudem inſci<lb></lb>tiam ſic mulctandam, imò etiam nomine <lb></lb>molaris lapidis. </s> <s id="s.014447">Sed timet ( vt video) exem<lb></lb>plum, vix enim è Grammaticæ ſcholis pro<lb></lb>greſſus, vbi tot ſcuticæ, erroréſque Gramma<lb></lb>ticæ contempta latinitas torquent eum, au<lb></lb>ſus eſt ſcribere de omnibus, & tamen gloria<lb></lb>tur de virtute, ac nobilitate. </s> <s id="s.014448">Itaque virtutem <lb></lb>(vt video) appellat inuidere, criminari, male<lb></lb>dicere, conuiciari: nam aliam virtutem non <lb></lb>deprehendo in eius commentariis, niſi for<lb></lb>ſan frigidam quandam vrbanitatem, cùm <lb></lb>etiam vita eius incomperta mihi prorſus ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014449">At quòd nobilis ſit credere velim, cùm ſit ex <lb></lb>deſcendentibus dominorum Patauij, Vero<lb></lb>næque, qui ſibi in principatum aſciuêre, è <lb></lb>quibus vnus Canis Sigorius, fratrem occi<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.014450">Noſtram familiam, licet conſtet <expan abbr="iã">iam</expan> quin<lb></lb>gentis ſaltem annis fuiſſe patriciam, <expan abbr="anniſq;">anniſque</expan> <lb></lb>ſeptem, atque inſuper menſibus octo, non <lb></lb>tyrannide, ſed electione <expan abbr="dominatã">dominatam</expan> vrbi Me<lb></lb>diolanenſi, ſeu Cardani ſimus, ſeu Caſtellio<lb></lb>nei <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nam eam familiam etiam Pontificem <lb></lb>maximam Celeſtinum 4. virum optimum, vt <lb></lb>Platina, aliique teſtantur, habuiſſe certum <lb></lb>eſt ) non tamen in numero laudum repono <lb></lb>ſed oneris potius, malimque bonus ac præ<lb></lb>ftans maioribus perditis, atque humilibus, <lb></lb>quàm è ſplendida, atque innocenti familia <lb></lb>perditum & degenerem. <emph type="italics"></emph>Nam genus, & proa<lb></lb>uos, & quæ non fecimus ipſi, vix ea noſtra <lb></lb>voco.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.014451"> Sit <expan abbr="itaq;">itaque</expan> ſtirpe quantumuis clarus, mihi <lb></lb>ſufficiat Hieronymum eſſe Cardanum, <expan abbr="quã-quam">quan<lb></lb>quam</expan> non negauerim ob nobilitatem in ho<lb></lb>nore habitum, <expan abbr="obſeruatúmq;">obſeruatúmque</expan> etiam ab æmu<lb></lb>lis fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.014452">Verùm ſcio exiſtimabit ob hæc <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> <lb></lb>acerba illius maledicta me ſibi iratum eſſe, <lb></lb>& eum odio non leui proſequi<emph type="italics"></emph>?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Sed fallitur <lb></lb>maximè, imò eum non parum diligo, <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> <lb></lb>quòd quæ in me dixit potius atrabile affe<lb></lb>ctus, ſeu ob longa ſtudia, vt ipſe fatetur, ſeu <lb></lb>ob incommoda atque vexationes, quibus <lb></lb>nunc æmulis omnes eruditionis cultores ni<lb></lb>mis, quàm vellemus affici ſolent, quàm certo <lb></lb>iudicio, ac ex voluntate dicta exiſtimem. </s> <s id="s.014453"><expan abbr="Tũ">Tum</expan> <lb></lb>verò & illud plurimum facit, quòd hæc ma<lb></lb>ledicta in me nemo, qui nouerit dicta puta<lb></lb>bit, quoniam mihi non conueniunt. </s> <s id="s.014454">Eſt etiam <lb></lb>Chriſtiani viri officium amare inimicos ſuos <lb></lb>hoc enim expreſsè Seruator pręcipit. </s> <s id="s.014455">Natura <lb></lb>etiam atque inſtituto ad hoc maximè para<lb></lb>tus ſum, vt neque iraſcar, neque ab iniuria <lb></lb>commouear. </s> <s id="s.014456">Turpe quoque mihi eſſet, qui <lb></lb>tam pulchrè in libris de Arcanis æternitatis, <lb></lb>de non vlciſcenda iniuria peroraui, etiamſi <lb></lb>quis magnum malum acceperit, nunc ob ſola <lb></lb>verba iraſci, ac velle talionem reddere? </s> <s id="s.014457">Qui<lb></lb>nimò expertus ſum etiam hanc viam con<lb></lb>tem nendi iniurias nec vlciſcendi, eſſe vtilio<lb></lb>rem, atque ita plerumque eſt. </s> <s id="s.014458">Deinde dicam, <lb></lb>vt Philoſophus ille, non hæc dixiſſet ni vera <lb></lb>eſſent, forſan quæ mihi crimina obiicit vera <lb></lb>ſunt? </s> <s id="s.014459">& multo maiora? </s> <s id="s.014460">neque enim ego vel <lb></lb>ille, qui nimis magnis affectibus laboramus, <lb></lb>ego <foreign lang="grc">φιλ<gap></gap>τίᾳ</foreign>, ipſe <foreign lang="grc">ἐνδείξει</foreign>, verum diſcernere, <lb></lb>ac rectè diiudicare poſſumus. </s> <s id="s.014461">Ergo alij iudi<lb></lb>cabunt, quorum ſententiæ potius ſtandum <lb></lb>arbitror quàm iraſci. </s> <s id="s.014462">Deinde ſint omnia hæc <lb></lb>vana, cur odio habere, aut ſuccenſere illi de<lb></lb>beo, qui mihi tam multiplicem præbuit vti<lb></lb>litatem? </s> <s id="s.014463">tametſi magna ex parte nolens for<lb></lb>ſan fecerit? </s> <s id="s.014464">Sed etſi nolentem ex parte non <lb></lb>feciſſe ſcio, non tamen quòd nolens effece<lb></lb>rit, ſcire poſſum: quæ verò incerta ſunt, in <lb></lb>meliorem partem trahere ingenui hominis <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.014465">Itaque audirem: primum cum oblatus <lb></lb>fuit liber, <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan> parum fauſta mihi euene<lb></lb>rant, quæ <expan abbr="quanquã">quanquam</expan> nullo modo me torſerint <lb></lb>iam diu enim non <expan abbr="cõmoueor">commoueor</expan> his certis ratio<lb></lb>nibus, adeò vt omnes <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> æmuli mei admi<lb></lb>rentur, <expan abbr="fateanturq;">fateanturque</expan> quod ſcriptis docui melius <lb></lb>etiam factis præſtare, nihilo ſecius neque <lb></lb>lætabar. </s> <s id="s.014466">Sed accepto libro, vbi tot nugas, <pb pagenum="677" xlink:href="016/01/324.jpg"></pb>tantam hominis inconſtantiam, tam abſur<lb></lb>das reprehenſiones, tam ſtultas interpreta<lb></lb>tiones, tot præter propoſitum dicta, tantam <lb></lb>barbariem in nouo Cicerone animaduerti, <lb></lb>coactus ſum præter omnem conſuetudinem <lb></lb>meam ridere effuſiſſimè: neque enim conti<lb></lb>nere me poteram, adeò vt id cùm aſſiduè fa<lb></lb>cerem, <expan abbr="animaduertiſſemq;">animaduertiſſemque</expan> domeſticos meos <lb></lb>omnes admirari, ne exiſtimarent me inſani<lb></lb>re, anagnoſtas ipſos legere iuſſi: qui tametſi <lb></lb>(vt ego) non adeò riderent, attamen maximè <lb></lb>admirabantur, præcipuè magnitudinem ope<lb></lb>ris, barbariem & obliuionem. </s> <s id="s.014467">Inter reliqua <lb></lb>vt caput de Dæmonibus legerent imperaui, <lb></lb>in quo me reprehendit <expan abbr="tãquam">tanquam</expan> fabulas nar<lb></lb>rauerim, deinde ipſe longè plures ex menda<lb></lb>ci Græcia omnibus notas, atque paterna, <lb></lb>longè abſurdiores annectit. </s> <s id="s.014468">Atque ita totus <lb></lb>liber huiuſmodi farina conſperſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014469">Quis <lb></lb>rogo poſſit continere riſum? </s> <s id="s.014470">aut quàm ma<lb></lb>gis oportunè in hoc tempore poterat offerri? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014471">Et potero ego hominem hunc odiſſe, quem <lb></lb>exiſtimo nectareum mihi poculum obtuliſſe? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014472">abſit Deinde me certum quaſi reddidit, <lb></lb>quàm parum profecturi ſint poſt obitum <lb></lb>meum, qui contra nos ſcribent, ſi quando <lb></lb>aliqui ſcripturi ſint: quando vir hic, qui <lb></lb>adeò contentè conſcripſit, quique nouem <lb></lb>fermè annos in hoc opere conſumpſit ad<lb></lb>uerſus librum non abſolutum, non emen<lb></lb>datum, tam parum profecerit, tam infeli<lb></lb>cem exitum habuerit, cum nunc iam pri<lb></lb>mùm abſolutus, demum etiam caſtigatus <lb></lb>in publicum proditurus ſit? </s> <s id="s.014473">An hoc par<lb></lb>uum munus ſecuritas ex hoſte quæſita? </s> <s id="s.014474">Erat <lb></lb>& tertium non leuius his commodum, & in <lb></lb>quo multum ſperabam ſi affulſiſſet, ſcilicet <lb></lb>vt emendarem ex illo fi qua reprehenſione <lb></lb>digna inueniſſem: nam diſtuli hoc conſilio <lb></lb>editionem hanc vltimam, cùm iam eſſet <lb></lb>abſoluta caſtigatio, recepique librum ſuum, <lb></lb>Idibus Ianuarij 1558. liberalitate ipſius H. <lb></lb>P. ad quem libros excudendos denuò extre<lb></lb>ma manu appoſita remittimus. </s> <s id="s.014475">Sed huic <lb></lb>quàm in hac parte, voto meo fraudatus <lb></lb>ſum, neque enim vel verbo fermè adiutus <lb></lb>ſum. </s> <s id="s.014476">Demiraberis forſan? </s> <s id="s.014477">& paradoxa exi<lb></lb>ſtimabis, quæ non ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014478">Sed ſi intelligas, iam <lb></lb>fateberis & vera eſſe, & minimè præter fi<lb></lb>dem. </s> <s id="s.014479">Primùm enim cùm tractatio ſua vni<lb></lb>uerſa duas obtineat partes, additionem & <lb></lb>reprehenſionem, ex vtraque non parum iu<lb></lb>uari ſperabam: at in vtroque deceptus dece<lb></lb>ptus ſum: nam de additione, cùm neque <lb></lb>Ariſtotelem, neque Galenum neque nos <lb></lb>ſecutus ſit, qui vera à falſis, aliena à <lb></lb>noſtris diſtinguere ſolemus, farraginem in<lb></lb>vtilem compoſuit. </s> <s id="s.014480">Si enim vera falſis miſ<lb></lb>centur, audita expertis, aliena propriis, ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, vt nihil fide dignum ſit. </s> <s id="s.014481">Etenim etſi <lb></lb>in centum præceptis quatuor tantùm falſa <lb></lb>ſint, ſemper tamen timere debemus, ne <lb></lb>vnumquodque illud ſit, quòd falſum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014482">Quamobrem <expan abbr="eã">eam</expan> rem cuius cauſa maximè <expan abbr="sũ">sum</expan> <lb></lb>laude, Dignus ſcilicet quòd nomina eorum, <lb></lb>à quibus accepi adiiciam, vt <expan abbr="ſciãt">ſciant</expan> qui legunt <lb></lb>quantum fidei adhibere debeant ſingulis <lb></lb>præceptis, & ne illi etiam propriis inuentio<lb></lb>nibus fraudentur, homo hic generoſus vitu<lb></lb>perat. </s> <s id="s.014483">In reprehenſionibus etiam parum pro<lb></lb>fuit, quod & mathematica omnia, ſic vt <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> <lb></lb>fermè primum librum, & multos alios ſicco <lb></lb>pede tranſeat, & naturalia pleraque relique<lb></lb>rit, quoniam in illis ſuccum ſciebat poſſe <lb></lb>deprehendi, atque ita totum opus intactum <lb></lb>reliquit: nam hæc duo genera ſolùm ſunt <lb></lb>quæ experimento ſubiiciuntur: at ipſe cùm <lb></lb>deuitauerit experimenta, quantum potuit, <lb></lb>ne fucus deprehenderetur, totam reprehen<lb></lb>ſionem vanam reddidit. </s> <s id="s.014484">Nam cætera quæ <lb></lb>adiiciuntur, & in quibus inſiſtit, non ad <lb></lb>ſubiectam rem quicquam pertinent, ſed <lb></lb>ſunt modi tradendi, in quibus etiam adeò <lb></lb>prolixus eſt, ac religioſus, vt fructum ex ea <lb></lb>lectione non capias, ni velis ei obſequi: nam <lb></lb>contradicendo ad rauim deuenies, at ſi obſe<lb></lb>quaris, parendum erit illi, non lectoris vtili<lb></lb>tati. </s> <s id="s.014485">Eſt enim ea in opinione, vt quemadmo<lb></lb>dum in pueris inſtituendis ab ipſis elemen<lb></lb>tis omnes ſectando quiſquilias, debeamus in <lb></lb>ſingulis quæſitis hærere. </s> <s id="s.014486">At non ita cenſet <lb></lb>Galenus, non ita proceſſit Hippocrates: ſcri<lb></lb>bimus doctis, non imperitis, & nihil vulga<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.014487">Adde quod mirum eſt, in ipſa etiam <lb></lb>latinitate benedicentes, vt aberremus coge<lb></lb>re vult, reprehendit enim noua exercita<lb></lb>tione æſtuoſiſſimum his verbis: Atrociori<lb></lb>bus ac penè tragicis verbis, minus ( vt opi<lb></lb>nor ( vſitatè vocas æſtuoſiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.014488">Quæ ta<lb></lb>men vox in eo proprio ſignificato à Colu<lb></lb>mella, & Plinio vſurpatur. </s> <s id="s.014489">Verùm ſi quid <lb></lb>modò attigit, ad rem adeò infœliciter ceſſit <lb></lb>negotium, vt nihil in naturali Philoſophia, <lb></lb>ac Mathematicis ſani conſcripſerit, quini<lb></lb>mò & abſurdiſſima, & experimento repu<lb></lb>gnantia. </s> <s id="s.014490">Tertium quòd conſequi poſſe ſpe<lb></lb>rauit, eſt vt eruditus in qualibet arte habe<lb></lb>retur, quòd neque vt video ſucceſſurum il<lb></lb>li eſt: nam ſi de experimentis, obſtat ratio <lb></lb>ſuperiùs dicta, quod vera à falſis non ſelegit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014491">Si de artium peritia detrahas (quantum per <lb></lb>hoc opus licet ) medicinam, mathemati<lb></lb>cam, & naturalem Philoſophiam, & vide <lb></lb>quid ei relinquatur. </s> <s id="s.014492">Id neque cauit, quòd <lb></lb>cùm duo propoſuiſſet, vt noſtra euerteret, <lb></lb>ſua oſtentaret: noſtra non rectè euertit, alia <lb></lb>quæ oſtentet omninò non habet. </s> <s id="s.014493">Vltimò <lb></lb>etiam ſperauit, vt fama æterna svborietur, <lb></lb>atque opus perpetuò maneret, quòd vt eue<lb></lb>niat illi opto: verum melius forſan eſt, vt <lb></lb>cum ſcriptoribus animalium, vel Bibliothe<lb></lb>cæ hiſtoriam conficientibus paciſcatur, & <lb></lb>exoret vt illum aliquo loco reponant. </s> <s id="s.014494">Acceſ<lb></lb>ſit his tot incommodis & erratis, admirabile <lb></lb>quoddam dictu, & incredibile: ſcilicet quòd <lb></lb>non niſi paucis in locis ex tot, in quibus me <lb></lb>arguere conatur, intellexerit quid dixerim, <lb></lb>adeò mens eius contradicendi ſtudio flagrans <lb></lb>offuſcata eſt: nam diſſimulaſſe non credide<lb></lb>rim, quòd illi non mihi dedecori palàm fu<lb></lb>turum eſſet, & cum ſumma turpitudine con<lb></lb>iunctum, arguere quod non intelligat, & <lb></lb>reprehendere quod non dicat. </s> <s id="s.014495">Huiuſmo<lb></lb>di vnum exemplum, quinta exercitatione <lb></lb>proponam, quod ibi ter fallatur, atque <lb></lb>his lapſibus, quibus interpretando librum <lb></lb>eum, decipi conſpicuum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014496">In vniuerſum <lb></lb>iniuriis certare, vt alienum à probo viro & <lb></lb>ſapiente, noſtriſque moribus eſt, ita non te<lb></lb>gere qualis ſit hic calumniatur, & timidi <pb pagenum="678" xlink:href="016/01/325.jpg"></pb>eſſet, & fraudulenti, vt qui (quantum ad me <lb></lb>attinet ) permitterem tot horas perire ho<lb></lb>minibus in perlegendis tam inutilibus nu<lb></lb>gis. </s> <s id="s.014497">Itaque vt veritati non deſim, pro infini<lb></lb>tis calumniis, quas in me confinxit, ſolùm <lb></lb>quaſis ſit tribus verbis oſtendam. </s> <s id="s.014498">Imperitiſ<lb></lb>ſimus, ſtultus, malus. </s> <s id="s.014499">Quòd imperitiſſimus ſit <lb></lb>oſtenditur, quoniam iam vbicumque artium <lb></lb>præcepta tractat, aut mathematicæ, aut me<lb></lb>dicinæ, vel naturalis Philoſophiæ, ne vel il<lb></lb>larum prima elementa quidem attigiſſe de<lb></lb>prehenditur, ſed ſolùm verſatur in dialecti<lb></lb>cis, primaque Philoſophia, & Grammatica <lb></lb>quadam à ſe confecta. </s> <s id="s.014500">Stultus, qui vbi de<lb></lb>prehendi poſſe certò ſciebat, non tacuerit, <lb></lb>qui nouem annos in calumnia ſola vnius li<lb></lb>bri, nec antiqui, conſumpſerit: quique nouo <lb></lb>omninò exemplo ſingulis chartis quater, aut <lb></lb>quinquies, ſi generali ratione computatio <lb></lb>ineatur, ſe laudet. </s> <s id="s.014501">Malus, qui tot verè in<lb></lb>uenta, lectu iucunda, vſu mortalibus com<lb></lb>moda conetur delere, ſenſum peruertendo <lb></lb>fucis rhetoricis, ſophiſticis argumentis, de<lb></lb>primendo, mentiendo, maledictis, iniuriis <lb></lb>criminationibus, etiam de impietate accu<lb></lb>ſando, cùm <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> ipſe pro his, quæ de ſtruere <lb></lb>nititur, nihil ſubſtituat. </s> <s id="s.014502">Inde etiam ſuborna<lb></lb>uit ſycophantam, qui pro illo de me male<lb></lb>diceret, vt vnus hiſtrio duorum ſcurrarum <lb></lb>perſonas ageret: peſſimo adeò exemplo, vt <lb></lb>ad huius hominis importunitatem nihil ad<lb></lb>di poſſit. </s> <s id="s.014503">Demirórque Gallos, tum magiſtra<lb></lb>tus eum ferre, quanquam de Gallis fatea<lb></lb>tur, tam benè ſe acceptum, quàm miles à ru<lb></lb>ſticis, apud quos hybernat: nec intelligit ſe <lb></lb>illos non damnare, ſed ſuos ſe prodere mo<lb></lb>res. </s> <s id="s.014504">Medicus enim ni omninò peſſimus vir <lb></lb>ſit, omnibus præterquàm apud alios medi<lb></lb>cos, apud quos inuidia laborare conſueuit, <lb></lb>maximè acceptus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014505">Adeò vt nos qui acer<lb></lb>ba natura ſumus, quique inuidia non leui <lb></lb>laborauimus, nihil tamen præter offenſio<lb></lb>nem ex verbis clandeſtinè prolatis, & non <lb></lb>negatis, ſed non oblatis ſpontè honoribus <lb></lb>ab his expertus ſim: cùm aliis autem non <lb></lb>ſolùm omninò ſine iniuria, ſed etiam gratio<lb></lb>ſus vixerim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014506">At video quid tandem dicturi ſint non<lb></lb>nulli, errauit improbus: ſit licet optimè te <lb></lb>tueris, nulla illi ſupereſt ſpes præmij tanti <lb></lb>laboris, barbarè loquitur, cauſam non ha<lb></lb>buit contradicendi, omnia tibi & plura <lb></lb>quàm velis condonamus: ſed tamen ille te<lb></lb>cum diſputat, te vrget, te interim rhetorem <lb></lb>ex philoſopho agis, nihil ad obiecta reſpon<lb></lb>des? </s> <s id="s.014507">Omitte igitur alia omnia, & tuere tua, <lb></lb>ne videantur mortales à te decepti. </s> <s id="s.014508">Quid <lb></lb>agam, obtemporabone? </s> <s id="s.014509">cùm tanta temporis <lb></lb>iactura? </s> <s id="s.014510">an omninò obdureſcam, atque ſi<lb></lb>lebo? </s> <s id="s.014511">nihil curans famam, nihil autoritatem <lb></lb>conſcriptorum librorum, nihili faciens, quòd <lb></lb>multi tanquam conſtanti exemplo ineptia<lb></lb>rum mearum, etiam librorum aliorum le<lb></lb>ctionem ſint neglecturi? </s> <s id="s.014512">Ita ſumus (vt dici ſo<lb></lb>let ) inter Scyllam & Charybdim. </s> <s id="s.014513">Sed con<lb></lb>donemus aliquid occaſioni, faueamus nobis, <lb></lb>faueamus gloriæ, ſi quà eſt noſtræ, conſula<lb></lb>mus hominum vtilitati, conſuetudini tri<lb></lb>buamus aliquid: ſic agamus vt ſi gloriam <lb></lb>contemnimus, illud tamen effugiamus, ne <lb></lb>videamur totum mortalium genus voluiſſe <lb></lb>decipere, quòd impoſtor hic nobis palàm <lb></lb>adſcribit. </s> <s id="s.014514">Nec exiſtiment noſtræ authorita<lb></lb>ti nimium tribuere rationibus, errare illum <lb></lb>oſtendamus. </s> <s id="s.014515">Sic etiam exemplo in poſterum <lb></lb>conſultum erit, vt ſi quis eis ſimilis quiſ<lb></lb>piam tale auſus fuerit, homines dicere poſ<lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="s.014516">Si hic viueret, tu nullus eſſes, neque <lb></lb>adeò te iactares. </s> <s id="s.014517">Vidimus alios, qui multò <lb></lb>maiore conatu idem aggreſſi cum nihil pro<lb></lb>fecerint, etiam vituperationem non leuem <lb></lb>apud homines conſecuti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014518">Difficile eſt <lb></lb>contra veritatem pugnare ſi ille viueret, vt <lb></lb>olim aduerſus alios modico labore omnia <lb></lb>hæc, quàm ſint falſa oſtenderet. </s> <s id="s.014519">Denique ne <lb></lb>hunc hominem, quamuis nihil ob ſuam im<lb></lb>probitatem mali non meritum, contemnere <lb></lb>videamur, qui tanta ſpe ſcripſit, tantiſque <lb></lb>laboribus, qui vel hoc ipſo dignus eſt, vt & <lb></lb>reſcribas, quòd dignatus eſt, tuum opus di<lb></lb>ligentiſſimè legere, nec ſemel, ſed ſæpius: <lb></lb>&: qui, quamuis iurgiis àgat contra te ( po<lb></lb>tius forſan profeſſorum Grammaticæ con<lb></lb>ſuetudine, vel etiam natura propria, quam <lb></lb>licet furca expellas, inde recurret, quàm li<lb></lb>uore, vel improbitate vlla inductus eſt ) ni<lb></lb>hilominus effecit, quantum per ipſum eſt (vt <lb></lb>vulgò dici ſolet) vt vel viuas dupliciter, & in <lb></lb>tuis, & in ſuis ſcriptis, aut ſaltem in alteris <lb></lb>eorum. </s> <s id="s.014520">Vincat ergo hæc opinio apud me <lb></lb>nunc, quamuis non leui incommodo, ſed il<lb></lb>lud minuemus certa ratione. </s> <s id="s.014521">Primùm abſti<lb></lb>nebimus ab omni iurgio ac contumelia, ne <lb></lb>illum imitemur, ſufficiat ſolùm inuidiæ hu<lb></lb>ius viri admonuiſſe Lectores, qui potius vo<lb></lb>luerit neſcire, quàm neſcierit: quod exem<lb></lb>plum adeò frequens eſt in illo, vt vix vlla <lb></lb>pagina ab hac labe ſit immunis. </s> <s id="s.014522">Abſtinebi<lb></lb>mus & ab his, quæ in ſecunda editione, <lb></lb>quàm iam tot annis antequam librum ederet <lb></lb>videre potuit, emendata & commutata ſunt: <lb></lb>in quem errorem ſcio multos eſſe puerulos, <lb></lb>qui non incidiſſent. </s> <s id="s.014523">Præteribo & ea in qui<lb></lb>bus actionem cum re commutat, vt in quar<lb></lb>ta exercitatione: nam vt eius verbis vtar, <lb></lb>Condenſatio & rarefactio motus ſunt loca<lb></lb>les, igitur denſitas, & raritas ab actione ad <lb></lb>rem. </s> <s id="s.014524">Talia ſunt abſque numero. </s> <s id="s.014525">Cauebo <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>ne quod ſemel reprehenſum eſt pro exem<lb></lb>plo, vbi in ſimilem lapſum incidat, amplius <lb></lb>reprehendat, nam (vt dixi) doctis & ſtudioſis, <lb></lb>non aliis ſcribo, quibus vnum exemplum <lb></lb>pro omnibus, in quibus eodem lapſu decidit, <lb></lb>ſufficiet, abſtinebo & à defenſione Latini<lb></lb>tatis, cum ipſe barbarè adeò loquatur, vt pu<lb></lb>deat ſcriptoris cauſarum linguæ Latinæ. </s> <s id="s.014526">Ab <lb></lb>hiſtoriis omnibus ſuis, quoniam neque ve<lb></lb>ræ, neque falſæ dici poſſunt, cùm neque ſe <lb></lb>vidiſſe affirmet, neque rationes adducat, <lb></lb>neque à quo acceperit, cauebo etiam ne <lb></lb>in ſimilem errorem ſuo incidam: ſed non <lb></lb>eſt omnino ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.014527">Ille reprehendit, quæ <lb></lb>non intelligit: nos reprehenderemus, quæ <lb></lb>non dicit: neque dicere exiſtimamus, cùm an <lb></lb>ſint vera non doceat. </s> <s id="s.014528">At neque de his <expan abbr="contẽ-demus">conten<lb></lb>demus</expan>, quæ ex ſacra pagina oppugnat: tur<lb></lb>pius enim illi eſt in alieno foro litigare, quàm <lb></lb>mihi non reſpondere, Relinquam & ſcom<lb></lb>mata, & ſales ſuos non Æthiopicos ſanè, ſed <lb></lb>ex fimarchia potius. </s> <s id="s.014529">Et quæ contra alios diſ-<pb pagenum="679" xlink:href="016/01/326.jpg"></pb>putat, & in quibus digreditur, quæ tam mul<lb></lb>ta ſunt, omittam Similiter quæ pauci ſunt <lb></lb>momenti, quæque alieno nomine ſcripta <lb></lb>ſunt, nec a me vel iudicio, vel ratione com<lb></lb>probata, illa enim ad autorem pertinent, & <lb></lb>cuique inter eos liberum erit iudicium fa<lb></lb>cere: & quæ ab illo non conſtanter oppu<lb></lb>gnantur ( quorſum enim in tanta temporis <lb></lb>anguſtia nouos hoſtes adiungere) prætermit<lb></lb>tam. </s> <s id="s.014530">Itaque his omnibus & iure meritò re<lb></lb>lictis, quæ vel ad me non ſpectant, vel ad <lb></lb>rem tractatam, vel ſimili exemplo iam ſe<lb></lb>mel confutata ſunt, vel quæ alieni ſunt fo<lb></lb>ri, vel vt quibus redarguendis plus eſſet ſum<lb></lb>ptus, quàm vtilitatis lectori, tantam farra<lb></lb>ginem rerum & verborum, paucis paginis <lb></lb>ſic bene comprehenſurum ſpero, vt nihil <lb></lb>penitus, in quo ſuſpicio erroris etiam apud <lb></lb>illum, ſi paulò conſultius ( non vt libros <lb></lb>antea ipſos velut mus ſuper farinam <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> rima<lb></lb>ri velit, relinquatur. </s> <s id="s.014531">Sic igitur incipie<lb></lb>mus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014532">1 Hac in parte neſcio quid magis demi<lb></lb>rer, an ſtuporem, an liuorem, an ineptiam <lb></lb>deducit me ad Subtilitatis interpretationem <lb></lb>ex Cicerone, cùm ego non de verbo li<lb></lb>brum faciam, ſed de ſignificato, quòd ego <lb></lb>ex primo hoc nomine tanquam proximiore <lb></lb>huic multò <expan abbr="qã">qam</expan> ſua intelligibilitas, qua ho<lb></lb>mo Latiniſſimus, ac Ciceronianus pro in<lb></lb>telligentia vtitur. </s> <s id="s.014533">Et tamen in peculiari <lb></lb>verbo licet, & facilè eſt circumſcribere, ſen<lb></lb>ſum illum in ſubiecto totius artis non licet: <lb></lb>propterea declaraui quid intelligi vellem, <lb></lb>ſatis gnarus conceptui meo deeſſe exquiſi<lb></lb>tiſſimum nomen: an ergo decebat me totam <lb></lb>vnam tractationem mutare propter vnius <lb></lb>verbi interpretationem Ciceronianam, & <lb></lb>accommodare me dictioni? </s> <s id="s.014534">an potius dictio<lb></lb>nem ſignificato tantus ſapiens viderit? </s> <s id="s.014535">Et<lb></lb>enim parum videtur hic aſſuetus lectioni <lb></lb>Galeni, qui toties clamitat non debere nos <lb></lb>de verbis litigare, modò de re conſtet. </s> <s id="s.014536">Et <lb></lb>ſuus Petrus Mantuanus, cuius ſe diſcipu<lb></lb>lum gloriatur, nonne in ſcriptis reliquit, <lb></lb>optare ſe vt vna eſſet tantùm lingua mater<lb></lb>na, & vt omnia vno verbo poſſent expli<lb></lb>cari. </s> <s id="s.014537">At hic vult res, & conceptus etiam <lb></lb>in ſubiecto totius libri ſeruire nominibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014538">Et vt ob inopiam nominis cogamur totam <lb></lb>tractationem mutare ac confundere, vel ab <lb></lb>ea penitùs abſtinere. </s> <s id="s.014539">Ob hoc igitur tantam <lb></lb>rhapſodiam congerit. </s> <s id="s.014540">Vtrum autem ſubtili<lb></lb>tati ſic intellectæ vnus conceptus reſpon<lb></lb>deat? </s> <s id="s.014541">dico quòd ſic, nec eſt purè homony<lb></lb>mum, ſed potius paronymum, velut ens, <lb></lb>de quo conſtat eſſe ſcientiam ſupernatura<lb></lb>lem. </s> <s id="s.014542">Sed hæc longiuſculè, vt intelligant ho<lb></lb>mines, & qualitatem ingenij illius, & fun<lb></lb>damenta quibus innititur. </s> <s id="s.014543">In poſterum ita <lb></lb>conſulam breuitati, vt tamen apud eum, <lb></lb>qui talia curat, nihil deſit, modò in eo non <lb></lb>deſideretur diligentia, quam exhibere de<lb></lb>bet quicumque tam cupidus eſt huius expe<lb></lb>rientiæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014544">2 De ordine ſum ſecutus Genium ſiue <lb></lb>ſomnium, atque is optimus eſt, vt in ſecun<lb></lb>da editione docuimus. </s> <s id="s.014545">Criminari autem <lb></lb>ordinem cuique licet, nec expoſitoribus, <lb></lb>Ariſtotelis vllus communiter placuit. </s> <s id="s.014546">Hic <lb></lb>campus eſt, qui ſibi placet, quoniam in eo <lb></lb>optimè ſe poteſt exercere: at ſi facilitatem <lb></lb>doctrinæ exigimus, nullus eſt aptior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014547">Demiror quòd nolit à nobis notiſſimis <lb></lb>inchoare, ſed vbi diſpar ratio non ſit, & <lb></lb>vbi paruum diſcrimen notionis à prioribus: <lb></lb>itaque ab elementis non miſtis. </s> <s id="s.014548">Species pu<lb></lb>tat eſſe mentis notiones, cùm ſint ea quæ <lb></lb>falsò nobis apparent: imagines quas bar<lb></lb>bari imaginationes, ita in ipſa Latini no<lb></lb>minis interpretatione decipitur vir, qui ni<lb></lb>hil aliud profitetur, exinde tot commenta <lb></lb>molitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014549">Deum eſſe cauſam, vt formam, fatentur: <lb></lb>mundum efficere plurimi negant, quoniam <lb></lb>ſemper efficeret. </s> <s id="s.014550">Sed hæc in libris de Ar<lb></lb>canis æternitatis, quæ hîc non dicun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.014551">Sed homo acutus etiam proœmia in<lb></lb>ſectatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014552">4 Simili lapſu, ſed longè fœdiore prola<lb></lb>bitur, dum intelligit finiri materiam, id eſt, <lb></lb>interire rurſus ( vacuo aucto <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> cùm exiſti<lb></lb>met illud eſſe debere, cùm non intelligat <lb></lb>Geometram ſupponere latus minori angulo <lb></lb>ſuppoſitum eſſe æquale, aut maius ſuppoſi<lb></lb>to maiori: atque ita ex hoc deducit ad id, <lb></lb>vt fateamur partem toto eſſe maiorem: ſic <lb></lb>& nos. </s> <s id="s.014553">Syllogiſmus igitur poſtquam illum <lb></lb>docere planè vt puerum cogor, ſic conſtat: <lb></lb>Si vacuum eſt, augeri conſtat in immen<lb></lb>ſum: igitur materia, quæ æterna eſt, finiri <lb></lb>etiam poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014554">Conſequentia ſecunda eſt cla<lb></lb>ra, nam vbi vacuum eſt, materia eſſe non <lb></lb>poteſt: ſi igitur quod ſequitur, impoſſi<lb></lb>bile eſt, igitur & aſſumptum quod eſt, Va<lb></lb>cuum eſt: at dices, non ſtatim ſequitur, Va<lb></lb>cuum eſt, igitur in immenſum poteſt auge<lb></lb>ri: nam homines ſunt, nec tamen augentur <lb></lb>in immenſum, & aër, & alia: hoc erat, cir<lb></lb>ca quòd iuſtus dubitare poterat. </s> <s id="s.014555">Sed eſt al<lb></lb>tius vt video, quàm vt ipſe, etiamſi vellet <lb></lb>(nam plura contradicendi ſtudio, & accu<lb></lb>ſandi etiam, facilia non aſſequitur ( intelli<lb></lb>gere, vel deducere poſſet. </s> <s id="s.014556">Sic autem ſe ha<lb></lb>bet: Si vacuum admittatur, cùm nullum ha<lb></lb>beat contrarium, nihil repugnat totum lo<lb></lb>cum ſublunarem illud occupare, quia repu<lb></lb>gnantiam non continet in ſe, ergo æterni<lb></lb>tas materiæ non eſſet neceſſaria, ſed fortui<lb></lb>ta, quod eſſe non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014557">Nec propter hoc <lb></lb>dico, quòd vacuum poſſit occupare conca<lb></lb>uum lunæ: hoc enim aliud longè eſt ab eo, <lb></lb>quòd materia non ſit neceſſaria, quia vacuo <lb></lb>nihil repugnat vt augeatur in immenſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014558">Ita non æternitas materiæ, ſed neceſſitas <lb></lb>illius tollitur. </s> <s id="s.014559">Sed tamen hac ſublata, etiam <lb></lb>tollitur æternitas ipſa: quia ( vt dixi <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> omne <lb></lb>æternum eſt neceſſarium. </s> <s id="s.014560">In illis ergo paucis <lb></lb>verbis continebantur tria enthymemata, & <lb></lb>ideò poteſtate tres ſyllogiſmi concludentes <lb></lb>propoſitum. </s> <s id="s.014561">Sed hæc (vt dici ſolet) non ſunt <lb></lb>pro dentibus ſuis. </s> <s id="s.014562">Et huiuſmodi eſt totum <lb></lb>opus hoc de Subtilitate, & libri de Varieta<lb></lb>te rerum: ideò conſultiùs feciſſet, ſi ab hac <lb></lb>prouincia abſtinuiſſet, nec ſemetipſum de<lb></lb>turpaſſet: ſufficiat autem, lectores ſemel de <lb></lb>hoc admonuiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014563">6 Vellicat <expan abbr="formã">formam</expan>: at ſi dico, homo ad omnia <pb pagenum="680" xlink:href="016/01/327.jpg"></pb>paratus eſt nonne intelligitur indefinita, vt <lb></lb>Dialectici volunt, non <expan abbr="ſolũ">ſolum</expan> pro pluribus, ſed <lb></lb>etiam vtili? </s> <s id="s.014564">Tofus non generatur vera gene<lb></lb>ratione, quæ eſt viuentium ſolum, ſed coa<lb></lb>gmentatur: generari tamen verbo vtimur, <lb></lb>quod vulgaris ſignificatio ad id extendatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014565">Non erunt tria principia, imò ad genera<lb></lb>tionem concurrit materia, vt ſubiectum, <lb></lb>forma generantis ad præparationem, anima <lb></lb>autem ſeipſam exhibendo efficit. </s> <s id="s.014566">Quæ verò <lb></lb>diſputat contra animam mundi, perlegas <lb></lb>eorum reſponſiones in libris de Arcanis <lb></lb>æternitatis, quia eſt res prolixa, & quæ pe<lb></lb>culiari indiget opere: & non vt ab ipſo <lb></lb>obiter tractatur, cùm non ſolùm Philoſo<lb></lb>phiæ naturalis principia, ſed & diuinæ non <lb></lb>parua pars, & eorum, quæ ſenſibus ſubia<lb></lb>cent, ratio pendeat. </s> <s id="s.014567">Pariter & alia eiuſdem <lb></lb>exercitationis ad eandem doctrinam perti<lb></lb>nent. </s> <s id="s.014568">Ob idque ſuperſedeo hîc, niſi quod <lb></lb>admonere illum volo eius, quod adeò fir<lb></lb>miter negat, ſcilicet animam eſſe in corde <lb></lb>ſolùm, cùm id dicat Philoſophus, in libro <lb></lb>de Iuuentute & Senectute in initio: <foreign lang="grc">Επεὶ <lb></lb>δὲ π̔ρὶ ψυχοῡς ἐν ἑτέροις διώρισαι, καὶ δούλον ὅτε <lb></lb>οὐκ ὄιονται εἶναι σω̄μα τὴν οὐσίαν ἀυτοῡς, ἀλλ̓ ὅμως <lb></lb>ὅτιγε ἔντινι τοῡ σώματος ὑπάρχει χορίῳ φανε<lb></lb>ρόν. </foreign></s> <s id="s.014569">Interpretetur modò vt velit, nun<lb></lb>quam obtinebit, quin illud apertè velit <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles, vt anima ſit in aliqua parte <lb></lb>corporis. </s> <s id="s.014570">Id etiam oſtendimus in libris de <lb></lb>Rerum varietate, atque alio modo etiam <lb></lb>euidentius demonſtrari poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014571">7 Mouet anima mundi principium in<lb></lb>ternum, vt ab aliis quæ extrinſecùs ſunt, <lb></lb>non vt pars moti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014572">8 Motu raritatis, quæ via eſt ad corru<lb></lb>ptionem: aliqua enim eſt, quæ non corrum<lb></lb>pit, & tamen natura eam refugit, quòd <lb></lb>via fit ad corruptionem. </s> <s id="s.014573">Motus à raritatis <lb></lb>cauſa, tardus ſemper eſt. </s> <s id="s.014574">Inter tabulas aut <lb></lb>perpetuò eſt aër, vel ſi non eſt, non fit mo<lb></lb>tus, ſed impeditur, quia deeſt. </s> <s id="s.014575">Et id ipſe in<lb></lb>frà affirmat, quaſi nos irridens, qui nega<lb></lb>mus non eſſe aërem. </s> <s id="s.014576">Quod ad motum ne<lb></lb>ceſſarium eſt, & tamen trahitur pars infe<lb></lb>rior, quia emoueri non poteſt: non tamen <lb></lb>aſcendit, ergo aſcenſus grauis etiam in aqua <lb></lb>propter raritatem impedimentum motus, <lb></lb>non motus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014577">9 Dicit ignem noſtrum, eſſe ignem ele<lb></lb>mentarem condenſatum, & ob id calidio<lb></lb>rem, ſicut glacies eſt aqua condenſata, & ob <lb></lb>id frigidior. </s> <s id="s.014578">Pulchrum dictum, & ſpecie <lb></lb>plauſibile, ſed omninò falſum: nam glacies <lb></lb>manet, & non depaſcitur, ſicut nec aqua: <lb></lb>at ignis noſter neque manet, vel momento, <lb></lb>& depaſcitur, ergo nullo modo eſt idem <lb></lb>ſpecie cum elementari. </s> <s id="s.014579">Si elementaris de<lb></lb>paſcitur, quæro vnde alimentum? </s> <s id="s.014580">huic ar<lb></lb>gumento debuerat reſpondere, quod à me <lb></lb>adducitur. </s> <s id="s.014581">Ex quo patet, quòd cùm deueni<lb></lb>tur ad res manifeſtas, & quæ ſenſibus poſ<lb></lb>ſunt diiudicari, falſus in omnibus deprehen<lb></lb>ditur. </s> <s id="s.014582">Sed ad ſingula. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014583">Aër in concauo orbis Lunæ non eſt fri<lb></lb>gidus aut obſcurus, quòd frigiditas aut ob<lb></lb>ſcuritas ſit aliquid, ideò cohærere poteſt cœ<lb></lb>lo. </s> <s id="s.014584">Sol quia non diſſipatur, conſeruat calo<lb></lb>rem motu, ideò ſolidus eſt, ignis autem diſ<lb></lb>ſipatur. </s> <s id="s.014585">Aqua incaleſcit leui motu, non ob <lb></lb>motum, ſed ob aërem, qui illius partes mo<lb></lb>tu ad ſuperficiem deductas calefacit. </s> <s id="s.014586">De ven<lb></lb>tis Cypri, & Rhodi quid opus eſt, cùm <lb></lb>in æſtuario experiamur? </s> <s id="s.014587">qui tamen validiſſi<lb></lb>mi ſunt, atque omnes frigidi. </s> <s id="s.014588">Vapor enim <lb></lb>longo tractu celerrimè deductus, neceſſariò <lb></lb>diſſipatur. </s> <s id="s.014589">Fumus, & calor ignis: quo torre<lb></lb>tur caro, & non lucent: at quomodo pro<lb></lb>bauit vnquam ( fateor enim, quod non lu<lb></lb>ceant) quòd ſint ignis, & in extremo calidi<lb></lb>tatis, quod falſum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014590">Inde ſupponit multas <lb></lb>propoſitiones, è quibus prima eſt euidenter <lb></lb>falſa, ignis eſt corpus, id eſt, naturale vel <lb></lb>elementum, nos enim ſæpè diximus, tria <lb></lb>tantùm eſſe elementa, terram, aquam, aërem <lb></lb>Quis dubitat, quòd ſi ignem ſtatuerimus <lb></lb>elementum, quin illum ſub Luna ob leuita<lb></lb>tem, & quòd alia loca ſciamus iam occupa<lb></lb>ta, non eſſemus collocaturi? </s> <s id="s.014591">Deinde cum vin<lb></lb>culis non poſſit lectores tenere, lacteis ver<lb></lb>bis vult hic ſtrenuus Peripateticus captare. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014592">Sed interim tot declarationes à nobis alla<lb></lb>tas prætermittit: quòd aëris partes quanto <lb></lb>ſublimiores, tanto ſunt frigidiores, quòd eſ<lb></lb>ſet ibi nulli vſui: nam corpora, quæ corru<lb></lb>ptioni obnoxia ſunt, ſunt ſolùm propter ge<lb></lb>nerationem: at ille putat totum contrarium, <lb></lb>ſcilicet quòd immortalia, quæ propter ſe ſunt <lb></lb>non per ſe ſint, ſed fortuitò propter genera<lb></lb>tionem. </s> <s id="s.014593">Imperfecta enim propter perfecta, <lb></lb>non contrà. </s> <s id="s.014594">Quæ in diffinitione elementi ad<lb></lb>duntur, petunt (vt dici ſolet) principium. </s> <s id="s.014595">Vt <lb></lb>enim quod eſſet in concauo orbis Lunæ, aſ<lb></lb>ſumit, quòd ſit elementum, ita vt ſit ele<lb></lb>mentum, aſſumit, quòd ſit in concauo orbis <lb></lb>Lunæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014596">10 In ipſo principio negat adeſſe id, de <lb></lb>quo arguitur, & quod fermè omnes faten<lb></lb>tur, ſcilicet elementum vtramque <expan abbr="qualitatẽ">qualitatem</expan> <lb></lb>extremam obtinere. </s> <s id="s.014597">Nam qui negant vtram<lb></lb>que qualitatem maximam eſſe, qui paucio<lb></lb>res ſunt, dicunt alteram eſſe maximam, alte<lb></lb>ram maximæ propinquam, vt res ad idem <lb></lb>quaſi redeat, nec fatente illo, quod petimus, <lb></lb>eſt amplius inſiſtendum. </s> <s id="s.014598">Quamuis enim per<lb></lb>tinacem plus mouit cum rei veritas inexpu<lb></lb>gnabilis, quàm inſtitutum defendendi etiam <lb></lb>in inferiore cauſa Ariſtotelem, Ariſtoteli<lb></lb>coſque. </s> <s id="s.014599">Itaque cùm rationes non habeat, <lb></lb>quibus aut conuincere, aut tueri ſe poſſit, de<lb></lb>clamatorem <expan abbr="eximiũ">eximium</expan> agit ex Philoſopho re<lb></lb>pentè factus. </s> <s id="s.014600">Vnum tamen ſubiiciam, in quo <lb></lb>videatur excuſatione dignus, quòd difficilli<lb></lb>mum ſit veteres opiniones hominum ani<lb></lb>mis diu inſitas eradicare. </s> <s id="s.014601">Quodque, vt ait Ga<lb></lb>lenus, facilius diſcipulos Chriſtiani à lege <lb></lb>ſua ſubduxeris, quàm addictos in verba ali<lb></lb>cuius ſectæ à ſuis placitis, atque hæc ſuffi<lb></lb>ciant pro omnibus illius declamationibus. </s> <s id="s.014602">Vt <lb></lb>tamen breui quod diximus declaremus: ſi ca<lb></lb>lor non eſt qualitas extrema in aëre, erit ergo <lb></lb>humidum, quare in aqua frigiditas. </s> <s id="s.014603">Quomo<lb></lb>do igitur glacies aqua frigidior? </s> <s id="s.014604">Si dicas <lb></lb>non frigidior, ſed ob <expan abbr="denſitatẽ">denſitatem</expan> talis videtur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014605">Ergo ſumma frigiditas cogit? </s> <s id="s.014606">Igitur omnis <lb></lb>aqua glacies, quare & immobilis, & non ele<lb></lb>mentum humidum. </s> <s id="s.014607">Et quia torquetur circa <pb pagenum="681" xlink:href="016/01/328.jpg"></pb>cognitionem quid ſit ignis, & ob id tot ab<lb></lb>ſurda dicit, nec poteſt ſe explicare, quatuor <lb></lb>verbis quamuis & aliàs dixerim dicam. </s> <s id="s.014608">Ignis <lb></lb>eſt ſubſtantia corrupta ab extremo calore, ſi<lb></lb>cut glacies eſt ſubſtantia corrupta ab extre<lb></lb>mo frigore. </s> <s id="s.014609">Vel verius, ignis eſt caliditas, & <lb></lb>ſiccitas extrema, corrumpens ſubiectum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014610">Quòd etiam dicat vnum eſſe Elementum, <lb></lb>dicimus eſſe tria. </s> <s id="s.014611">Sola enim terra eſt expers <lb></lb>omnis qualitatis, & tamen non eſt neceſſa<lb></lb>rium elemento, vt habeat qualitatem, quia <lb></lb>non concurrit ad vllam actionem, ſed velut <lb></lb>oleum mirabolani, quòd expers eſt odoris, <lb></lb>aptiſſimúmque ob id ad omnes odores. </s> <s id="s.014612">Ve<lb></lb>rùm ob id terra hylen quaſi refert. </s> <s id="s.014613">Arguit <lb></lb>contradictionem, quia motus accendit calo<lb></lb>rem, ergo non extinguit. </s> <s id="s.014614">Dixi quod motus <lb></lb>in ſubiecto, quòd reſiſtat quoniam reſiſtit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014615">Videt experimentum in aqua & lapide. </s> <s id="s.014616">Si de <lb></lb>aqua dubitat, quoniam ſponte frigida ſit, de <lb></lb>vino experiatur. </s> <s id="s.014617">Sed ſpontè in his quæ vo<lb></lb>luntate carent, non licet dicere? </s> <s id="s.014618">feci vt Ver<lb></lb>gilium ab infamia liberarem: <lb></lb><emph type="quote"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Sponte ſua ſandix paſcentibus veſtiet agnos.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="quote"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014619">11 Reſilit ad primum librum. </s> <s id="s.014620">In quo <lb></lb>etiam animaduertendum eſt hunc egregium <lb></lb>virum in hoc, & ſequentibus ſimulare ſe <lb></lb>non intelligere, vt anſam accuſandi, quàm <lb></lb>alioqui habere non poteſt, arripiat: ita non <lb></lb>abſimilis videtur ei, qui ſe caſtrauit, vt vxo<lb></lb>rem offenderet. </s> <s id="s.014621">Quis neſcit in pyrio puluere <lb></lb>tria accidere, per quæ ſphæra propellitur, ra<lb></lb>ritatem dum è puluere fit ignis, qui locum <lb></lb>occupare nititur: inde condenſari præter <lb></lb>naturam ob loci anguſtiam, atque ideò ap<lb></lb>petere exitum, inde natura vincente rareſ<lb></lb>cere, túncque propellere. </s> <s id="s.014622">At ille adeò inuo<lb></lb>luit bene inuenta, vt ego non pro meis, <lb></lb>quantò minus alius quiſdam queat agnoſce<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.014623">Et ideò fungitur officio ſepiæ, quæ turbat <lb></lb>aquas ne videatur. </s> <s id="s.014624">Aër impellit: atque hic eſt <lb></lb>motus quo aqua quieſcit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014625">12 In quo differt mutatio in qualitate à <lb></lb>generatione, vel additione, ſi non intenditur <lb></lb>qualitas, ſed ſolùm augetur? </s> <s id="s.014626">At hoc etiam <lb></lb>ego non dico qualitatem non augeri. </s> <s id="s.014627">Suffi<lb></lb>cit quod intendatur, ſeu additione, ſeu aliter. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014628">Hucuſque ſanè ſperaueram me cum viro do<lb></lb>cto diſputare: ſed cùm animaduerti illum, vt <lb></lb>credidit, conuictum meis rationibus eò re<lb></lb>fugiſſe, vt concederet ferro extincto ferrum <lb></lb>generari, iam illum elleboro prorſus indi<lb></lb>gere animaduerti. </s> <s id="s.014629">Atque hic fortunam alio<lb></lb>rum quotcumque me accuſare nixi ſunt, <lb></lb>qui amentiam ſuam prodiderunt, nactus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014630">Primùm quis vnquam audiuit ferrum ge<lb></lb>nerari ex aquæ frigidæ ſola immerſione? </s> <s id="s.014631">vbi <lb></lb>omnes cauſas ſuſtulit, & earum ordinem in<lb></lb>ter ſe, tum etiam cum effectu ipſo. </s> <s id="s.014632">Deinde <lb></lb>liceret ex ſilice aurum facere, nam exuſto <lb></lb>auro in igne generatur aurum, vt ipſe fate<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="s.014633">ergo extincto ſilice aurum generabitur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014634">nam cauſæ ſunt eædem aquæ & ignis. </s> <s id="s.014635">De<lb></lb>inde cùm paulatim refrigerabitur, paulatim <lb></lb>generabitur ferrum, atque ita ſubſtantia in <lb></lb>eadem parte augebitur, motúſque verus ine<lb></lb>rit, qualis in qualitate. </s> <s id="s.014636">Diſpeream ſi reſur<lb></lb>gat Ariſtoteles, ni malit mihi accuſatori, <lb></lb>quàm tali defenſori amicus eſſe. </s> <s id="s.014637">Et ſi non <lb></lb>melius argumentum meum ſolui poſſet à <lb></lb>Peripateticis, quàm ab illo, iam pæana ca<lb></lb>nerem. </s> <s id="s.014638">Sed illi dicerent, in ferro ignito duas <lb></lb>eſſe ſubſtantias, atque imperfectam vtram<lb></lb>que: quod neque ignis ſuam retineat leui<lb></lb>tatem, nec ferrum frigiditatem. </s> <s id="s.014639">Et quan<lb></lb>quam hæc reſponſio argumento meo non <lb></lb>ſatisfaciat, ob abſurda principia, quæ tueri <lb></lb>coguntur, vt Ariſtotelem defendant, non ta<lb></lb>men adeò impudens eſt, vt noſtri calumnia<lb></lb>toris, qui hæc deliramenta admiſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014640">13 In infinitum apud Grammaticos <lb></lb>progredi dicuntur, quæ nullos certos limi<lb></lb>tes habent conſtitutos. </s> <s id="s.014641">Vnde proprij infiniti, <lb></lb>quod Grammaticis ignotum fuit, ratio de<lb></lb>ducta eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014642">14 Vbique prodit ſuam imperitiam, víx<lb></lb>que ex centum locis ſeptem rectè interpre<lb></lb>tatur. </s> <s id="s.014643">Meta non vna eſt, vt fiat ignis, ſed <lb></lb>tum incipit hæc meta cùm aërem vincere <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014644">Meta eundi in Gallias non vna eſt, <lb></lb>poſſum ire Taurinum, Lugdunum, Lute<lb></lb>tiam, Rhotomagum, meta tamen ingreſſus <lb></lb>eſt Valentia, ex vrbe noſtra eunti. </s> <s id="s.014645">O præcla<lb></lb>ram redargutionem, argumentum ſolum <lb></lb>præbens, vel maleuoli omninò animi, vel <lb></lb>ſtuporis maximi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014646">15 In omnibus eſt ea vis, ſed in quibuſ<lb></lb>dam non perficitur agendo, in quibus pro<lb></lb>ducendo miratur de lapide, ſed magis de ha<lb></lb>linitro mirari debuit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014647">16 Vreret, non ſi elementaris eſſet, rectè <lb></lb>in hoc: ſed ſi eſſet, qualis excutitur, qui pa<lb></lb>bulo indiget proculdubio vreret, & ſi eſſet <lb></lb>elementaris condenſatus: at aqua non made<lb></lb>facit, quia commiſta eſt, madefactio autem <lb></lb>non penetrat, calor penetrat, Galeno teſte in <lb></lb>libris de Elementis. </s> <s id="s.014648">Deinde impudentiſſimè <lb></lb>obiicit me negare ex chalybe, vel ex por<lb></lb>phyritide ignem generari, cùm ego vbique <lb></lb>adiiciam etiam in prima editione non ma<lb></lb>gis fieri, ſed minus ex his quam ex illis. </s> <s id="s.014649">Vi<lb></lb>de hîc prorſus inexcuſabilem ſtuporem ho<lb></lb>minis, aut improbitatem. </s> <s id="s.014650">Purum ignem nul<lb></lb>lum eſſe dico, id eſt, qui non ſit in ſubſtan<lb></lb>tia, ſed modo medicorum, in quo forma ma<lb></lb>teriæ dominatur, vt in flamma, ſecus carbo, <lb></lb>& ferrum ignitum. </s> <s id="s.014651">Admiratur dictum illud <lb></lb>quod ſimpliciter verum eſt, ſi incaleſcit ve<lb></lb>hementi motu, vehementer incaleſcit. </s> <s id="s.014652">Eſt <lb></lb>enim cauſa (vt dici ſolet) adæquata, & pro<lb></lb>pria (vt ſi quis dicat. </s> <s id="s.014653">Diuitiæ hominem bea<lb></lb>tum faciunt) per ſe eſt vera, nec tamen ſem<lb></lb>per diues beatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014654">Ab accidenti enim ad <lb></lb>rem quod dicunt, ab aſtractis ad concreta <lb></lb>non valet, argumentum. </s> <s id="s.014655">Color viridis eſt <lb></lb>pulcherrimus, ergo viridia pulcherrima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014656">17 Cùm loquor Latinè, hic Philoſophus <lb></lb>Ciceronianus, me reprehendit: ſi barbarè <lb></lb>vellem, vt à ſui generis hominibus intel<lb></lb>ligerer, accuſaret. </s> <s id="s.014657">Vnus eſt modus quem <lb></lb>ſolùm admittit, vt ſuo more, ſcilicet <lb></lb>peſſimè loquar. </s> <s id="s.014658">Sed ego tunc diuinare non <lb></lb>potui. </s> <s id="s.014659">Breuiter materia ferri formam ad ſe <lb></lb>rapit & equi, & abſynthij: nec vna con<lb></lb>uenire poteſt alteri: & hoc etiam affirmat <lb></lb>Philoſophus, formas ſibi decernere mate<lb></lb>riam propriam: quæ ob id ſecunda dicitur <lb></lb>quoniam cum quantitate certa eſt materiæ <lb></lb>primæ, & qualitatibus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="682" xlink:href="016/01/329.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014660">18 Agit Rhetorem facetum, cùm argu<lb></lb>menta & reſponſiones deſunt. </s> <s id="s.014661">Et quàm fa<lb></lb>tetur Ariſtotelis fuiſſe ſententiam, ſcilicet <lb></lb>frigiditatem eſſe priuationem, & quòd Aui<lb></lb>cenna bene dixit, frigus ad operationes ni<lb></lb>hil affert commodi, in me reprehendit. </s> <s id="s.014662">Aqua <lb></lb>non gelaſcit, quia frigus (vt dixi) eſt priuatio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014663">Melius feciſſet, ſi quæſiſſet ab aëre, cùm <lb></lb>vtrinque ſit priuatio? </s> <s id="s.014664">lædimur à frigore, quo<lb></lb>niam materia impediente peregrina impreſ<lb></lb>ſio, ſcilicet calor aboletur. </s> <s id="s.014665">At id ſentitur ab <lb></lb>animante, quod natura calidum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014666">Syſto<lb></lb>len, adeò rudis eſt hic vir, putat eſſe quietem, <lb></lb>cùm ſit motus, ſcilicet contractio: eam Gale<lb></lb>nus fatetur expreſsè ſe ſentire, primo de Di<lb></lb>gnoſcendis pulſibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014667">CAP. V </s> <s id="s.014668">Vide ruditatem & temeritatem, <lb></lb>vbi in tam paucis verbis dupliciter peccat, <lb></lb>& ita peccat, vt nulla arte defendi poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014669">Quòd etiam dixerim, ſicca non poſſe hu<lb></lb>mectari, & reprehendit, & ſe non intellige<lb></lb>re fatetur: atque id vbique fermè facit. </s> <s id="s.014670">Et <lb></lb>verè negat ſe intelligere, nam in ſicco nul<lb></lb>lum eſt principium vt humectetur, nec in<lb></lb>tus, nec extra: ſolùm materia addi poſſet, <lb></lb>ſed non in iuuentute per nutritionem quia <lb></lb>deeſt principium: nec per generationem <lb></lb>cum iam ſit antea genitum. </s> <s id="s.014671">At frigidum po<lb></lb>teſt calefieri calore cordis & reliquæ quali<lb></lb>tates ſponte ſe ingerunt defectu contraria<lb></lb>rum, cùm ſint priuationes: & hic (vt video) <lb></lb>dicet eſſe ſolœciſmum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014672">19 Ætherem, id eſt, cœlum, quandoque <lb></lb>aërem ſupremum ſignificat, vtrumque apud <lb></lb>antiquos. </s> <s id="s.014673">Lapis frigefacit manum quoniam <lb></lb>calor refugit, ſicut tenebras lux oculi. </s> <s id="s.014674">Qui <lb></lb>enim diu in tenebris verſantur, partem viſus <lb></lb>amittunt. </s> <s id="s.014675">Sic mortem natura. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014676">20 Tria ſunt principia miſtorum, ſed duo <lb></lb>tantùm præbent qualitatem, ſcilicet cœlum <lb></lb>& aqua. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014677">21 Ignis miſcet corpora, id eſt, iuxta ap<lb></lb>ponit, vt in cumulis hordeum cum frumen<lb></lb>to, ſed ſubſtantias ſeparat: corrumpit enim, <lb></lb>non ergo miſcet, id eſt, non verè. </s> <s id="s.014678">Ecce ſuam <lb></lb>contradictionem. </s> <s id="s.014679">Ita hallucinatur ſemper in <lb></lb>duplici ſignificato. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014680">22 Sicut & illud, quatuor ſunt elemen<lb></lb>ta, id eſt, partes qualitatibus elementis ſimi<lb></lb>libus, ſed non extremo in miſto non elemen<lb></lb>ta quatuor, cùm ſint tria tantùm: nec verè <lb></lb>ſimilibus, ſed iuxta Ariſtotelis opinionem: <lb></lb>nec elementa, cùm non habeant frigidita<lb></lb>tem extremam, nec calorem actu. </s> <s id="s.014681">Animalia <lb></lb>quæ crudis carnibus veſcuntur, breuis ſunt <lb></lb>vitæ, ob incommoda quæ patiuntur, non ob <lb></lb>victus rationem: nam cornix & coruus etiam <lb></lb>ipſo teſte, diu viuunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014682">23 Cœlum habet qualitatem, quæ apud <lb></lb>nos vocatur caliditas, ſicut lux in vrceo, al<lb></lb>terius modi eſt in pariete: nec ibi eadem <lb></lb>patitur, & eſt (vt ita dicam) qualitas viuifica, <lb></lb>ſicut calor humanus eſt in vipera calor exi<lb></lb>tialis. </s> <s id="s.014683">Non eſt ergo differentia tanquam ho<lb></lb>monymi, ſed ſolùm ratione ſubiecti. </s> <s id="s.014684">Quali<lb></lb>tas tamen ipſa eſt eadem. </s> <s id="s.014685">Sic frigus in aqua <lb></lb>gelu generat, in oleo concretionem. </s> <s id="s.014686">Atta<lb></lb>men qualitas principium eſt non expers <lb></lb>qualitatis, & Peripateticorum cœlum. </s> <s id="s.014687">Py<lb></lb>rauſtæ non generantur in igne, ſed in excre<lb></lb>mentis. </s> <s id="s.014688">Ignis enim tollit vim caloris cœle<lb></lb>ſtis, quæ eſt humida. </s> <s id="s.014689">Agens ſiccum non ge<lb></lb>nerat in humido, quia ineptum eſt prorſus <lb></lb>natura. </s> <s id="s.014690">Ad fabulas conuertitur. </s> <s id="s.014691">Pulli non <lb></lb>excluduntur à cinere puro: à fimo etiam in <lb></lb>noſtris regionibus excludi poſſunt, ſed fal<lb></lb>lax eſt: tamen experiri liceret, à cinere nun<lb></lb>quam. </s> <s id="s.014692">Omnis calor motu indiget ad conſer<lb></lb>uationem, quia non niſi à cœlo: cœlum au<lb></lb>tem mouetur: quòd autem motu indiget: <lb></lb>aſſumit. </s> <s id="s.014693">In ſeminibus eſt calor potentia, ſuo <lb></lb>tempore fit actu, & exedit cùm pabulum <lb></lb>non inuenit, & etiam auxilio aëris. </s> <s id="s.014694">Diſpar <lb></lb>comparatio, ſi homo non haberet calorem, <lb></lb>qui à corde influitur, refrigeratus non inca<lb></lb>leſceret: ita nec aqua refrigeraretur, cùm <lb></lb>non habeat vnde petat. </s> <s id="s.014695">Aër ex aqua gigni<lb></lb>tur propter neceſſitatem, quia ignis nihil <lb></lb>generat: dixi autem elementa eſſe hylæ <lb></lb>proxima, & quaſi non entia. </s> <s id="s.014696">Nec clarum <lb></lb>eſt, an ſolus vapor generetur, nos autem in <lb></lb>rebus, quæ ſunt exigui momenti, nec adeò <lb></lb>perſpicuè communem opinionem ſecuti ſu<lb></lb>mus, ne videremur velle interturbare ſtudio<lb></lb>ſos, non docere. </s> <s id="s.014697">Denique quærit quid illud <lb></lb>ſignificat inanis? <foreign lang="grc">μάντες</foreign> fuit vt reor hic ty<lb></lb>pographus. </s> <s id="s.014698">Diuinauit inaniter multa te hîc <lb></lb>effutiturum, quod & feciſti, cùm integrum <lb></lb>eſſet lecta ſecunda editione videre naturalis, <lb></lb>pro inanis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014699">23 De bilioſis videtur mihi puer in me<lb></lb>dicina. </s> <s id="s.014700">Videat Galenum quinto de tuenda <lb></lb>Sanitate. </s> <s id="s.014701">Eſt enim illius inuentum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014702">26 Nulla illarum comparationum eſt ad <lb></lb>propoſitum: nam cauſæ illæ licet habeant <lb></lb>diuerſos modos producendi, in principa<lb></lb>li tamen ſunt vna, at in generatione non <lb></lb>eſt diuerſitas modorum, igitur principium <lb></lb>eſt vnum omnino. </s> <s id="s.014703">Deinde declaratio illa <lb></lb>probat, quòd generatio hæc non ſit cauſa <lb></lb>materiæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014704">27 Non à frigore periêre, ſed à calore <lb></lb>imminuto. </s> <s id="s.014705">Dicit non vidiſſe apud me decla<lb></lb>ratum, quare motus æſtiuum refrigeret aë<lb></lb>rem? </s> <s id="s.014706">non quòd dicit ille, ſed quoniam calo<lb></lb>rem ex ſe non habeat, ſed ſolùm à radiis ſo<lb></lb>lis, motus non recipit impreſſionem, vt nec <lb></lb>manus à pruna agitata, quare neceſſariò re<lb></lb>frigeraretur. </s> <s id="s.014707">Et hæc eſt cauſa propter quam <lb></lb>ſuperius dixi, quòd cùm omnia ſolida motu <lb></lb>inflammentur, omnia tamen liquida refrige<lb></lb>rari. </s> <s id="s.014708">Verba illa de calore meritò quemcun<lb></lb>que torquere poſſent, & ſi alibi non mino<lb></lb>rem cauſam habuiſſet admirationis, poterat <lb></lb>ferri illius procacitas à viro, qualis ego ſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014709">Accipe igitur ſenſum loci quem ipſe non ca<lb></lb>pit. </s> <s id="s.014710">Duabus cauſis diximus aërem hic cali<lb></lb>dum, altera quòd quoties euertere ſtudemus <lb></lb>placita aliorum, euidentius euertuntur ex <lb></lb>conceſſis ab illis, quàm in his quæ illi ne<lb></lb>gant: at concludere ſtudemus eſſe tantùm <lb></lb>duo elementa, quæ miſtum generent: illi <lb></lb>volunt aërem eſſe calidum, igitur calidum <lb></lb>eſſe aërem nos ſupponere oportuit. </s> <s id="s.014711">Dicitur <lb></lb>& calidus comparatione aliorum elemen<lb></lb>torum, vt multa aſtra frigida, cùm enim ſit <lb></lb>tenuior, nec natura, nec longa conſuetudine <lb></lb>quadam ob conceptos ſolis radios, quæ vi<lb></lb>cem naturæ apud vulgus obtinet, non tam <lb></lb>frigidus eſt, vt alia elementa. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="683" xlink:href="016/01/330.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014712">28 Rota illa etiamſi exquiſitiſſimè ela<lb></lb>borata fuerit, non animaduertit, quod ma<lb></lb>nubrium tamen ab aere circumuertetur, & <lb></lb>cum illo rota ſimul, adeò ſtupidus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014713">Præ<lb></lb>terea omiſſo quod difficillimè in cardinibus <lb></lb>ad æquilibrium continebitur, non vertetur, <lb></lb>niſi lentè ob paucitatem aëris, & ita experi<lb></lb>menta ſunt contra ipſum, & ipſe ſemet con<lb></lb>ficit ſuis argumentis. </s> <s id="s.014714">Præter id enim quòd <lb></lb>aer non iuuabit, etiam ſi aër non moueret, <lb></lb>vexatus tamen & nimis denſatus impediret, <lb></lb>quo minus celeriter vertetur. </s> <s id="s.014715">Melius finxiſ<lb></lb>ſet, vt digito abſque manubrio, quem ſtatim <lb></lb>amoueret, circumduceretur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014716">30 Aër vt elementum eſt proximus hy<lb></lb>læ, ideò imago cœleſtis caloris ei dominatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014717">Eſtque verius vapor quam aër. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014718">31 Aër liber non corrumpit: concluſus <lb></lb>non exedit, qui eſt in arcis exedit & cor<lb></lb>rumpit: neque enim concluſus dicitur, ne<lb></lb>que liber. </s> <s id="s.014719">Rupes viuunt, at non reſpirant, vt <lb></lb>nec plantæ, exigua eſt enim earum vita & <lb></lb>impetus, qui etiam animalibus noceat. </s> <s id="s.014720">Sic <lb></lb>& triticum quaſi anima caret, corrumpitur <lb></lb>in horreis eadem ratione qua in arcis panni. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014721">In aëre ſi frigidiſſimus ſit, non corrumpitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014722">Huius habes exempla, in libris de Rerum <lb></lb>Varietate. </s> <s id="s.014723">At noſter aër non talis eſt, ne uti<lb></lb>quam tamen calidiſſimus eſſe poteſt, vt hi <lb></lb>qui ex calidiſſimo in frigidiſſimum tranſmu<lb></lb>tari poſſe exiſtimant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014724">CAP. V. </s> <s id="s.014725">Intercludere actiuè, pro inter<lb></lb>cipere: paſſiuè etiam pro includi, & occlu<lb></lb>di. </s> <s id="s.014726">Tacitus: Intercluſa anima creditur mor<lb></lb>talitatem expleuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.014727">Hic ad emphaſin inter<lb></lb>cluſus aptius apponitur, quàm ſi incluſus di<lb></lb>ceretur: quòd enim vndique intercludi<lb></lb>tur, incluſum dicitur: at intercluduntur <lb></lb>animalia & aqua, includuntur terra ac la<lb></lb>pides, poſtquam ad has quiſquilias deſcen<lb></lb>dere oportet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014728">33 Aconitum non mouetur, ideò metam <lb></lb>non habet: non enim lædit, niſi (vt ita di<lb></lb>cam) volentes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014729">34 Argentum viuum frigidiſſimum, vbi <lb></lb>deſtillatur, quia terreum eſt, fit igneum, ſi<lb></lb>cut & later. </s> <s id="s.014730">Sulphur eſt aëreum, quia ex hu<lb></lb>mido concocto conſtat (vt dixi) de quatuor <lb></lb>partibus deſtillationum, quas elementa vul<lb></lb>gus vocat, non quòd aër ſit in illo. </s> <s id="s.014731">Corri<lb></lb>piuntur ſenſim, ſicut & Sol ſenſim volat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014732">Hoc mihi proprium eſt, multa paucis, & <lb></lb>quaſi contraria ſemper declarare. </s> <s id="s.014733">Senſim <lb></lb>nobis videntur hæc fieri, quæ tamen ma<lb></lb>gnis progreſſibus fiunt. </s> <s id="s.014734">Sufficiat admonuiſ<lb></lb>ſe, & quia libri noſtri his pleni ſunt, præ<lb></lb>teribimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014735">35 Terram quæ apud nos inuenitur ſyn<lb></lb>ceram communi exiſtimatione, quæque op<lb></lb>tima eſt, nam ſolùm vt matrem ad genera<lb></lb>tionem concurrere diximus, caloréque ſolis <lb></lb>concipere pullam eſſe aio. </s> <s id="s.014736">Synceram vbi ſit <lb></lb>neſcio, quare nec qualis ſit: vt vis mecum <lb></lb>contendere de his, quæ experimento decer<lb></lb>ni nequeunt? </s> <s id="s.014737">ego nolo. </s> <s id="s.014738">Tu tibi victoriam de <lb></lb>re nulli vſui futura, atque omninò incerta <lb></lb>talibus aſſuetus auferto. </s> <s id="s.014739">Sic alba, ſit viridis, <lb></lb>ſit nigra, mea nihil intereſt. </s> <s id="s.014740">Quam neque <lb></lb>oſtendere potes, ne declarare quidem quòd <lb></lb>talis ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014741">36 Ericam in libris de Rerum Varietate, <lb></lb>qui ante tuos commentarios editi ſunt, ap<lb></lb>pellaſſe me conſtat, quamvis non minor ſit <lb></lb>lapſus metus in hoc quàm in illo, <expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> enim <lb></lb>adeò certum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014742">At ego, vt Galeno obſe<lb></lb>quar, de nominibus non contendo: modò de <lb></lb>re, quàm ſanè docemus conſtet. </s> <s id="s.014743">Tu modò <lb></lb>vel leporem, quòd ea lepores veſcantur ap<lb></lb>pellato? </s> <s id="s.014744">per me licebit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014745">37 Neſcio quid cauſæ ſit, quòd cùm lo<lb></lb>cum excitauerit, verbáque quæ antece<lb></lb>dunt, recitauerit, omiſerit, quod in rem <lb></lb>facit? </s> <s id="s.014746">Nonne ſtatim hæc ſuccedunt, <foreign lang="grc">ἀφα<lb></lb>νίζεσθι δέ καὶ ποιεῖς νύκτα, δία τὸ ὑφελὴν εἰναι <lb></lb>πρὸς ἄρκτον τὴν γῆν. </foreign></s> <s id="s.014747">Nonne hoc eſt, conſpi<lb></lb>cuum non eſſe ſolem, imò noctem obduci <lb></lb>ob altitudinem terræ ad Arctum poſitæ? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014748">cùm antea iam dixiſſet, ex eminentioribus <lb></lb>ad Septentriones locis vberrimum concitat <lb></lb>aquarum fluxum: vbique parùm profunda <lb></lb>eſſe maria, cum alibi in gurgites præaltos <lb></lb>effundantur. </s> <s id="s.014749">Neſcio certè cur velit cum in<lb></lb>famia ſua hæc adeo manifeſta diſſimulare, <lb></lb>vt alteruter noſtrum inſanire videatur? </s> <s id="s.014750">Sed <lb></lb>hæc nimis. </s> <s id="s.014751">Inde neſcio quomodo etiam ter<lb></lb>ræ rotunditatem exactam à Philoſopho com<lb></lb>probatam, à Ptolomæo declaratam, com<lb></lb>mentus, quid de montibus ac vallibus cona<lb></lb>tur infringere: velut ſi quis dicat, turris <lb></lb>præaltæ ſuperficiem non eſſe æqualem, quòd <lb></lb>ei pulex inſideat: at montes ad terræ ma<lb></lb>gnitudinem comparati, tum valles non ma<lb></lb>iorem obtinent proportionem, hoc ipſo de<lb></lb>tegit ſuam imperitiam, vt non videatur ar<lb></lb>tium penetralia ingreſſus, ſed in limine ipſo <lb></lb>concediſſe. </s> <s id="s.014752">Sic vbi ego propoſui altitudinem <lb></lb>M. miliariorum, ruditatem rurſus ſuam pro<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.014753">Nam hoc proponitur ſe tuendi Ariſtote<lb></lb>li, non quòd ita eſſe poſſit, & tamen vel ſic <lb></lb>conuincitur, ita peripateticus ille noſtra ſe<lb></lb>pia dignus, nihil nouit, niſi adlatrare. </s> <s id="s.014754">Et ob <lb></lb>id ipſi admirabilis vir videtur, cùm neuter <lb></lb>declarationem noſtram intellexerit. </s> <s id="s.014755">Vnum <lb></lb>verò rudibus argumentum eſſe poteſt, illos <lb></lb>non attuliſſe quicquam ad rem, quod nullibi <lb></lb>quicquam commutauerim. </s> <s id="s.014756">Extremæ enim <lb></lb>dementiæ eſſet, ſi adduxiſſent: vel non reſ<lb></lb>pondere, ſi inualidum: vel non commuta<lb></lb>re, ſi firmum: voluiſſéque cùm integrum eſ<lb></lb>ſet, mihi præſentibus, & poſteris ſatisfacere <lb></lb>pertinacia (à qua omninò natura, & inſtituto <lb></lb>procul abſum) omnes fallere, quod improbiſ<lb></lb>ſimi eſſet hominis: & ſperare poſſe, quòd <lb></lb>ſummæ amentiæ foret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014757">39 Elemento præcipuè quatuor conue<lb></lb>niunt conditiones, puritas, magnitudo ge<lb></lb>nerationis, principium, & loci neceſſitas. </s> <s id="s.014758">Pu<lb></lb>ritate, ſeu ſimplicitate, ex equo fermè omnia <lb></lb>hæc tria ſunt: terra, aqua, aër. </s> <s id="s.014759">Loco terra <lb></lb>maximè eſt elementum, quòd centum mun<lb></lb>di ſit: magnitudine aër: aqua neutro fermè, <lb></lb>nam locus cùm ſit inter aërem, & terram, & <lb></lb>incertus, quaſi non explet elementi condi<lb></lb>tionem: multò minùs magnitudine, cùm <lb></lb>vix ſit ex trecentis millibus partibus vna ip<lb></lb>ſius aëris: quis ergo audeat eam cum aëre <lb></lb>contingere, vt molem habere & ipſa dica<lb></lb>tur, cuius ſit tam minima portio? </s> <s id="s.014760">At gene<lb></lb>rationis principio maximè eſt elementum, <lb></lb>nam aër generationis principium eſſe poteſt, <pb pagenum="684" xlink:href="016/01/331.jpg"></pb>pars non eſt terra neutro modo. </s> <s id="s.014761">Licet enim <lb></lb>ſit in generato, eſt tanquam vas. </s> <s id="s.014762">Vas autem <lb></lb>naturæ modo, quòd vndique peruium eſt, <lb></lb>non artis. </s> <s id="s.014763">Indicio eſt, quòd in aqua ſine ter<lb></lb>ra multa naſcuntur, in terra ſine aqua nihil <lb></lb>penitùs, & multò minùs, quàm in igne. </s> <s id="s.014764">Et <lb></lb>ſi genitum inferatur in eam, interit. </s> <s id="s.014765">Et hæc <lb></lb>eſt cauſa neceſſitatis mortis animalibus, & <lb></lb>ſtirpibus, cùm vas ipſum exinanitur. </s> <s id="s.014766">Terra <lb></lb>enim vtraque priuatione vitæ inepta omni<lb></lb>nò eſt, cùm & coloris cœleſtis, & humidi <lb></lb>elementaris prorſus ſit expers, adeò vt hac <lb></lb>ratione non mereatur elementum dici. </s> <s id="s.014767">Quod<lb></lb>libet igitur horum trium communi ratione <lb></lb>ſimplicitatis dicitur elementum: de aliis tri<lb></lb>bus, & non eſſe elementum, & eſſe, & maxi<lb></lb>mè eſſe dicitur. </s> <s id="s.014768">Veluti etiam terra genera<lb></lb>tionis principio non eſt elementum: ma<lb></lb>gnitudine vix eſt elementum, loco maximè <lb></lb>elementum. </s> <s id="s.014769">Hæc omnia ſub illis paucis ver<lb></lb>bis non ſolùm continentur, ſed & declarata <lb></lb>ſunt in proximis verbis. </s> <s id="s.014770">Qui modus ac vis <lb></lb>cùm vbique ſeruetur, multis difficultatem <lb></lb>peperit cum admiratione, at ipſe cùm non <lb></lb>aſſequeretur ſenſum, vel proprio ipſius teſti<lb></lb>monio cur auſus eſt contradicere? </s> <s id="s.014771">tantámque <lb></lb>operam ludere? </s> <s id="s.014772">Hæc igitur pro omnibus aliis <lb></lb>dicta ſint locis, in quibus ille contradictio<lb></lb>nes annotauit. </s> <s id="s.014773">Nam & Ariſtotelis phraſis <lb></lb>eum docere potuit, quæ ſimili arte conſtru<lb></lb>cta eſt, quàm ſi ex verbis ſolùm expendere <lb></lb>velis, nulla locus contradictione vacabit, nec <lb></lb>etiam in ſacra pagina. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014774">40 Simili lapſu cadit cùm proportio non <lb></lb>exceſſus debeat conſiderari, maioris autem <lb></lb>quantitatis portio eadem maior eſt. </s> <s id="s.014775">Suum <lb></lb>exemplum non eſt ad propoſitum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014776">42 Diſcrimen inter opinionem Ariſto<lb></lb>telis & noſtram, quod de fine agimus non <lb></lb>efficiente: atque hæc humilitas curſu aquæ <lb></lb>minuitur. </s> <s id="s.014777">Ita in natura factum eſt, vt quod <lb></lb>neceſſariò eſt, neceſſe poteſt, obice retunda<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.014778">Velut dentes neceſſarium erat creſcere, <lb></lb>defeciſſent enim, nec longiores fieri, fuiſſent <lb></lb>enim inutiles, ideò creſcentes atteruntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014779">Ariſtoteles autem ponit cauſam efficien<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.014780">Fluuij omnes naturaliter ad meridiem <lb></lb>feruntur: ſyncerè quidam, alij per anfractus <lb></lb>alij præoccupant maris ingreſſum, quod ad <lb></lb>meridiem per ſe poſitum eſt, licet neceſſe ſit <lb></lb>partes illius diuerſas cœli plagas reſpicere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014781">Reflectuntur enim ſæpè, à montibus, & val<lb></lb>libus circumaguntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014782">43 Montes altiſſimi nullam ad altitudi<lb></lb>nem partis terræ vim habent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014783">44 Alia eſt ratio totius, alia partis. </s> <s id="s.014784">Si Sol <lb></lb>totam terram ambiret, & mediocriter poſſet <lb></lb>eam calefacere, tota eſſet aridior torrida, <lb></lb>quia aliunde auxilium non reciperet? </s> <s id="s.014785">ſi mi<lb></lb>nùs quàm mediocriter deterius ob frigus, & <lb></lb>aquas habitaretur, quàm Fimarchia ratione <lb></lb>eadem. </s> <s id="s.014786">At ille non aſſequitur pondus. </s> <s id="s.014787">Auxi<lb></lb>lium enim minimum ad reſiſtendum, vt Ve<lb></lb>neti dicunt, plus poteſt, quàm validiſſima <lb></lb>cauſa, quæ adiuuet. </s> <s id="s.014788">Ob hoc natura tempera<lb></lb>uit corpus noſtrum, non vniuerſum effecit <lb></lb>temperatum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014789">45 Aqua quomodo in imò terræ ſit, de<lb></lb>claraui in libris de Rerum Varietate: hîc <lb></lb>nego, & tamen vtrunque verum eſt: immi<lb></lb>ſta enim manet nec fluitat. </s> <s id="s.014790">Itaque vaticina<lb></lb>tus eſt, quæ aliquando dicturus eſſem, dum <lb></lb>exiſtimat recitare, quæ dixerim. </s> <s id="s.014791">Quod au<lb></lb>tem terra ſit omnium fundamentum, Philo<lb></lb>ſophi eſt, ideò non laboro. </s> <s id="s.014792">Cùm & verum <lb></lb>ſit, & ipſe per fas, nefáſque profiteatur, ſe <lb></lb>Philoſophum tueri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014793">46 Ego non intendo probare, quod fal<lb></lb>ſum eſt, ſcilicet aquam non generari ſub ter<lb></lb>ra? </s> <s id="s.014794">generatur enim, nec deficit aër, qui ſen<lb></lb>ſim trahitur: ſed ſi generetur, non aſcendit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014795">Quòd ſcripſerim ibi pro eo, oſtendit ruſtici<lb></lb>tatem importunitatémque ſuam, cum tam <lb></lb>breui factus per tot negotia editus, ſecundò <lb></lb>auctus, tertiò ſit emendatus. </s> <s id="s.014796">Cauit, ne non <lb></lb>emendatus prius in publicam prodiret, vt <lb></lb>haberet, quod carperet. </s> <s id="s.014797">Sic quod non ſuccu<lb></lb>ti ab aqua poſſit, aſſumit ad oppugnandum, <lb></lb>quod probare debet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014798">FIGVR. V. </s> <s id="s.014799">De aqua aſcenſu rem non <lb></lb>explicat nec cauſam, nam & aliter aqua aſ<lb></lb>cendit: non compreſſa, vt in primo libro, <lb></lb>quamobrem nec generaliter. </s> <s id="s.014800">Sed videamus <lb></lb>an rectè doceat cauſam aſcenſus aquæ in <lb></lb>montibus? </s> <s id="s.014801">Et patet, quod non, nam etiam <lb></lb>ſi mille libras aquæ ſuperimponas, ne vncia <lb></lb>quidem altius digito, quàm ad libellam im<lb></lb>pulſa aſcendet. </s> <s id="s.014802">Sic ille, qui prodegit quæ<lb></lb>cunque habuit Mediolani, deceptus hoc fal<lb></lb>ſo ſuppoſito. </s> <s id="s.014803">Nam ad hoc admiſſo, quis non <lb></lb>videt dari motum perpetuum, quem ille <lb></lb>ſperabat. </s> <s id="s.014804">Hoc oſtendit, virum hunc ſophi<lb></lb>ſticis peripateticorum rationibus aliorum <lb></lb>more inſiſtentem, nugari contra eos, qui ex<lb></lb>perimentis, & machinis res didicerunt. </s> <s id="s.014805">At <lb></lb>aëre iſta fieri poſſunt, vt in Heronis machi<lb></lb>na declaraui. </s> <s id="s.014806">Ita iſta Ariſtotelici cum ad ex<lb></lb>perimenta ſe conferunt, ſeu cum medicis, <lb></lb>ſeu cum architectis aut mathematicis, aut <lb></lb>veris Philoſophis, qui certis principiis inſi<lb></lb>ſtunt, aut artificibus vani ſemper deprehen<lb></lb>duntur. </s> <s id="s.014807">Ecce vides hominem, & iudica: huc <lb></lb>vſque dum per machinas molitus eſt decla<lb></lb>rationes, & in vtriſque manifeſtè falſus <lb></lb>deprehenditur, quam fidem aliis adhi<lb></lb>bebis? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014808">48 Aſtaboram, & Aſtanum, Mela, Pli<lb></lb>nius & Solinus cum Nilo eoſdem eſſe vo<lb></lb>lunt. </s> <s id="s.014809">Vnde patet, quam calumniosè agat, <lb></lb>cum etiam parum interſit, nam fluuij oriun<lb></lb>tur, & occidunt, vt nihil ſit perpetuum: <lb></lb>ideò in talibus ſoleo ſequi vulgarem opi<lb></lb>nionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014810">49 Dicit quod ego dico, littus boreale <lb></lb>neceſſariò eſt, id eſt, quòd boream reſpicit, <lb></lb>quandoquidem ipſemet fatetur ortum eſſe <lb></lb>vltra tropicum hyemalem. </s> <s id="s.014811">Vbi idem putat <lb></lb>eſſe tropicum, & circulum hyemalem, vt <lb></lb>diſertè loquatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014812">50 Mare non mittit fontes niſi ſalſos, <lb></lb>percolatur tamen aqua propè etiam tribus <lb></lb>cubitis, quæ dulcis eſt. </s> <s id="s.014813">Nec negauit ex mari <lb></lb>oriri flumina, ſed omnia: necnon emergere <lb></lb>è terra, ſed non poſſe vltra æquilibrium aſ<lb></lb>cendere. </s> <s id="s.014814">Ita verò fateor, difficile eſt cum lu<lb></lb>ctæ imperito luctari. </s> <s id="s.014815">Accipit vnam rem pro <lb></lb>alia fermè ſemper. </s> <s id="s.014816">Quæ redarguit, ne ſom<lb></lb>niaui quidem: quæ dixi, non attingit. </s> <s id="s.014817">Durum <lb></lb>videtur, & id iure ſolum aquas miſtione <lb></lb>dulceſcere, & aquas puteorum Mediola-<pb pagenum="685" xlink:href="016/01/332.jpg"></pb>nenſium, è mari procedere: & tamen hu<lb></lb>milius eſſe mare Liguſticum fateor. </s> <s id="s.014818">Hinc <lb></lb>colligere potes, hos falſos peripateticos ni<lb></lb>hil ſcire, ſed nugari, quandoquidem ipſe nec <lb></lb>vllus alius potuit modum inuenire, quo <lb></lb>aquæ à fontibus, & in cacumine montium <lb></lb>ſcaturiant, & quomodo dulceſcant, aliæ au<lb></lb>tem ſalſæ è puteis hauriantur, & ex monti<lb></lb>bus nulla ſcaturiat ſalſa. </s> <s id="s.014819">Et ita nugantur im<lb></lb>pudentiſſimè. </s> <s id="s.014820">Sed audi modum, qui vnus <lb></lb>eſt, & ſimpliciſſimus, & vide quomodo in <lb></lb>dictis noſtris, quæ ille putat adeò inuicem <lb></lb>contraria eſſe, nihil penitus ſit diſcors, & <lb></lb>quomodo ſub noſtra breuitate plura lateant <lb></lb>pulcherrima, & qualia ſint, certè nunquam <lb></lb>à ſæculis inuenta, ne cogar, vt tu propria lau<lb></lb>dare. </s> <s id="s.014821">Is modus eſt, cum quo omnia experi<lb></lb>menta, omnia noſtra verba concordant. </s> <s id="s.014822">Lon<lb></lb>giuſculis fui, vt breuitatem, & orationis va<lb></lb>rietatem, quam tu inconſtantiam appellas, <lb></lb>agnoſcas: & quanta vbique non ſolùm hoc <lb></lb>in volumine, ſed in vniuerſis noſtris libris <lb></lb>comprehendatur. </s> <s id="s.014823">Et quia ob importunita<lb></lb>tem plura dixi, quàm deceret, breuiſſimè, <lb></lb>ſed tamen lucidè rem ipſam docebo. </s> <s id="s.014824">Aqua <lb></lb>maris velut in ſpongia ſub terra vbique ex<lb></lb>ſudat, quibuſdam etiam in locis lata via pro<lb></lb>cedit: atque tunc ſalſa hauritur è puteis, vt <lb></lb>ad Salam in agro Placentino, cùm tamen <lb></lb>pluſquam 10000. paſſuum à mari quoquo<lb></lb>verſum diſtet, & tunc nunquam ſpontè aſ<lb></lb>cendit, vnde nullus fons ſalſus ex infinitis <lb></lb>fermè: ſi ſit, neceſſe eſt in decliuiore à mari <lb></lb>loco eſſe. </s> <s id="s.014825">Reliqua tota aqua, quæ exugitur, <lb></lb>neceſſariò percolatur, atque ideò dulceſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014826">Trahitur ergo ad ſuperficiem à calore ſolis, <lb></lb>& pluuia, atque ibi coactis ob frigiditatem <lb></lb>in acumine montis vaporibus fiunt riui, qui <lb></lb>fluunt ad humiliorem locum, ex quorum <lb></lb>multitudine fluuij. </s> <s id="s.014827">Aſcenſus ergo perpetuus <lb></lb>eſt, quoniam non ſolùm calore ſyderum, ſed <lb></lb>terra in imò exhalant vapores, velut in di<lb></lb>ſtillatorio vaſe. </s> <s id="s.014828">Materia igitur deeſſe non <lb></lb>poteſt, vt quæ à mari ſuppeditetur, exhala<lb></lb>tionis cauſa etiam ſemper adeſt calor cœ<lb></lb>leſtis, & viſcerum terræ frigiditas, lapidum, <lb></lb>& aëris in cacumine montium: ergo ſca<lb></lb>turitio perpetua, id eſt valdè diuturna, quia <lb></lb>ſub ſole (vt dici ſolet) perpetuum nihil: ſed <lb></lb>verè nihil in elementari regione. </s> <s id="s.014829">Cùm verò <lb></lb>vapores paulò altius attolluntur ſupra cacu<lb></lb>mina montium, fiunt nebulæ, inde pluuia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014830">Hoc autem duplici modo, vel ob vaporis <lb></lb>abundantiam, & tunc etiam creſcunt flumi<lb></lb>na: vel ob caloris vehementiam, & tunc <lb></lb>tantò plus decreſcunt flumina, quantò plu<lb></lb>uiæ augentur. </s> <s id="s.014831">Ideò cum ſiccantur fluuij, ma<lb></lb>gnos imbres expectare oportet, quod & ra<lb></lb>tione efficientis cauſæ, & materiæ conuenit, <lb></lb>& finis. </s> <s id="s.014832">Ita ſapientiſſimè Deus hæc diſpo<lb></lb>ſuit. </s> <s id="s.014833">Videas ergo in montium viſceribus <lb></lb>perpetuum quaſi fumum vndique: quo cùm <lb></lb>tenuior pars ſolùm aſcendat, tum quia ex <lb></lb>percolata iam aqua dulciſſimi fontes pro<lb></lb>deunt. </s> <s id="s.014834">Et ſi omninò ſalſi ob maris propin<lb></lb>quitatem aſcendat, vt iuxta maris littus, ac <lb></lb>in fontibus inſularum, & promontoriorum <lb></lb>admiſta puriore aqua ac dulci ſalſus ſapor <lb></lb>obtunditur, velut & in pluuia aqua ob ean<lb></lb>dem cauſam licet non deſit, latet. </s> <s id="s.014835">In terra <lb></lb>verò non tam facilè oriuntur fontes, ni vel <lb></lb>deriuentur, vel lapides propè ſint, quoniam <lb></lb>vapor non adeò cogitur. </s> <s id="s.014836">Ita rectè ergo di<lb></lb>ximus, ſupra fontes partem oriri, ob maris <lb></lb>aquam, partim ob tranſmutationem. </s> <s id="s.014837">Nec <lb></lb>partim intelligendum eſt ad aquam referen<lb></lb>do, cùm ſit vniuſmodi generatio eius, ſed ad <lb></lb>cauſas generationis aquæ. </s> <s id="s.014838">In verticibus er<lb></lb>go altiſſimorum montium (non compreſſa <lb></lb>redundat, vt ipſe adeò ineptè putat, nam nec <lb></lb>perpetua, nec diuturna eſſe poſſet) & in par<lb></lb>uis inſulis, aqua dulciſſima ac limpidiſſima, <lb></lb>perenníſque ſcaturire ſolet. </s> <s id="s.014839">En vides quo<lb></lb>modo veris principiis omnia experimenta, <lb></lb>omnia noſtra dicta conſentiant? </s> <s id="s.014840">nihil fal<lb></lb>ſum, nihil pugnans, nihil abſurſum eſſe. </s> <s id="s.014841">Ipſe <lb></lb>aquam perpetuò, & terram collocat extra <lb></lb>locum ſuum, vim infert naturæ, opificem <lb></lb>imprudentiæ arguit: & cùm omnia hæc illi <lb></lb>conceſſerimus, etiam ortus fontium nullam <lb></lb>veram cauſam afferri poteſt, nec motus aqua<lb></lb>rum, ſed experimento manifeſtè contradi<lb></lb>centem. </s> <s id="s.014842">Nunc vſque inauditam doctrinam <lb></lb>declarauimus. </s> <s id="s.014843">Poſt vt hoc, quod ſenſu pa<lb></lb>tent, viderint, inuenient Ariſtotelem centum <lb></lb>in locis dixiſſe, tractúmque per capillos non <lb></lb>per veſtes ſolùm, cogent, vt dixerit, quæ nec <lb></lb>ſomniauit. </s> <s id="s.014844">Tribuere conantur omnia anti<lb></lb>quitati, cùm tamen ex illo pauca ſcire poſſi<lb></lb>mus, partim quòd noui Græci erant, nec<lb></lb>dum artes, & diſciplinæ inuentæ, ipſe Phi<lb></lb>loſophus tumultuosè hinc, & inde colligens <lb></lb>in vnum congeſſit, non potens afferre iudi<lb></lb>cium, nec ad ulteriora penetrare, ſtimulis <lb></lb>etiam contradicendi, tum præſentibus occu<lb></lb>pationibus ob ambitionem impediebatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014845">Et optima quæque ex illo in cauerna periê<lb></lb>re: quæ ad nos peruenêre mutilata, corru<lb></lb>pta, vix intellecta, ob breuitatem, & pondus <lb></lb>ſententiarum, argutúmque contextum, ac <lb></lb>quod maius omnibus eſt, ob energiæ, & <lb></lb>conſuetudinis loquendi modum amiſſum, <lb></lb>vt etiam Auerroës docebat in ſecundo Me<lb></lb>teororum. </s> <s id="s.014846">Et tamen vel ſic Ariſtotelem ip<lb></lb>ſum non negauerim rebus naturalibus ma<lb></lb>ximum lumen attuliſſe, ob ingenij peritiæ <lb></lb>ac iudicij præſtantiam, omnéſque qui ad <lb></lb>hanc vſque ætatem floruerunt, vtilitate do<lb></lb>ctrinæ longè antecelluiſſe. </s> <s id="s.014847">Vt verò ad ho<lb></lb>mines, qui ante nos fuerunt, collatus maxi<lb></lb>mus fuit: ita ad eorum, quæ in natura ſunt <lb></lb>arcanorum doctrinam, naturalémque diſci<lb></lb>plinam minùs, & omninò quaſi nullus ha<lb></lb>bendus eſt, cui æſtimationi, qui non credit, <lb></lb>prorſus ſtultus eſt. </s> <s id="s.014848">Et qui non perpetuò ante <lb></lb>oculos habet, in infinitos ac turpiſſimos er<lb></lb>rores decidit. </s> <s id="s.014849">Ego verò cum Galeno didici, <lb></lb>non Ariſtotelis ob læſas ſententias, ſed ip<lb></lb>ſam naturam omnium parentem præ oculis <lb></lb>mihi ſtatuere. </s> <s id="s.014850">Cui ſi Ariſtoteles, vel alius <lb></lb>quiſque rectè adblandiatur, nemo me ipſo <lb></lb>libentiùs adhæret, nemo gratior eſt in reci<lb></lb>tando nomine illius per quem profecerim. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014851">Sin aberrare cernam, omitto, non accuſo: <lb></lb>quod etiam facturus fuiſſem in Ariſtotele, <lb></lb>ni claritas nominis eius illum prætereundo <lb></lb>me imperitiæ reum feciſſe. </s> <s id="s.014852">Itaque rogo, be<lb></lb>nigne lector, ex vno, in quo maximè videbar <pb pagenum="686" xlink:href="016/01/333.jpg"></pb>non poſſe defendi, & vbi fruſtrà tot calum<lb></lb>niæ intentatæ ſunt, omnia reliqua noſtra <lb></lb>metiaris. </s> <s id="s.014853">Atque eadem arte, & ab eodem ar<lb></lb>tifice conſcripta puta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014854">51 Legendum eſt id (& ſi non ſit<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſupple <lb></lb>membrum oceani: eſſe tamen mare aliquod, <lb></lb>quòd cum oceano conueniat. </s> <s id="s.014855">Mare enim pa<lb></lb>ronymum, omnes lacus à fluminibus fiunt <lb></lb>manifeſtis aut ſubterraneis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014856">52 De æſtu putat me, vt ipſum ſcribere <lb></lb>vbique quæ ſciam, & quæ neſciam, ſed poſt<lb></lb>quam in poſſeſſione dicendi ſum, rem de æſtu <lb></lb>in libris de Rerum Varietate diffusè tra<lb></lb>ctaui, nec ſoleo niſi magnæ neceſſitatis cau<lb></lb>ſa, & tunc etiam duobus verbis, quæ alibi <lb></lb>dicta ſunt, repetere, non incertorum cauſas <lb></lb>aſſignare, nec in his, quæ recito ſimplici te<lb></lb>ſte, ſed conteſtibus more iuris conſultorum <lb></lb>fidem adhibeo, ſubſcribente priùs ratione. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014857">Ita multum, vt mihi videtur, non more meo, <lb></lb>laborat in incertis. </s> <s id="s.014858">Simile eſt illud iuxta Pa<lb></lb>riam celerrimè: non enim cauſam ſcire <lb></lb>potuit, quoniam etſi poſt libros de Varieta<lb></lb>te librum exercitationum edidit, erant ta<lb></lb>men iam, vt coniicio ſub prælo, quando mei <lb></lb>editi ſunt. </s> <s id="s.014859">Supponit enim falſum ſolem, quò <lb></lb>ad opera in inferioribus à Luna non pati, <lb></lb>cùm & experimentum, & ratio, & Aſtrolo<lb></lb>gorum authoritas refragetur. </s> <s id="s.014860">Eſt enim di<lb></lb>metiens Lunæ quandoque paulò etiam ma<lb></lb>ior ſolis dimetiente. </s> <s id="s.014861">De Philoſophia vtinam <lb></lb>non alia in parte magis balbutiret, perſpi<lb></lb>cua ſunt hac in cauſa, quæ ſunt certa: quæ <lb></lb>nondum comperta nobis, pro conſtantibus <lb></lb>vbi confirmabuntur eiſdem principiis, ve<lb></lb>lut in commentariis Ptolemæi modum con<lb></lb>ſtruendarum artium nos ex illo docuimus, & <lb></lb>ipſæ in magna compoſitione demonſtra<lb></lb>buntur. </s> <s id="s.014862">Demiror autem, qui quærat nouam <lb></lb>generationem, & modum incrementi, quem <lb></lb>ego ipſe eodem loco declaro. </s> <s id="s.014863">Sed me non <lb></lb>iuuat prolixitas: at qui eum ſequi vellet, <lb></lb>omnia omnibus in locis repetere cogeretur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014864">At nos quantauis diligentia breuitatem ſe<lb></lb>ctantes, & minimam partem eorum, quæ <lb></lb>accepimus ſolùm ſcribentes, maximam ta<lb></lb>men molem librorum confecimus, quam <lb></lb>legere vix poſſit homo longæ vitæ curſu <lb></lb>toto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014865">54 Hic & duabus ſequentibus (vt ſolet) <lb></lb>non aſſequitur, quæ dixerim, & tamen diſ<lb></lb>putat. </s> <s id="s.014866">In 57. etiam nugatur, & diſſimulat ſe <lb></lb>intelligere, quòd ſæpè diximus, elementa <lb></lb>viuere anima vniuerſi, miſta verò anima <lb></lb>naturali. </s> <s id="s.014867">Cæterùm vt ad ſingula reſpon<lb></lb>deam, in præcedentibus legit tunc pro tum, <lb></lb>cùm in vtraque Germanica impreſſione ſic <lb></lb>iaceat. </s> <s id="s.014868">Clarus eſt ſenſus, ni ſtupidus omninò <lb></lb>ſit aliquis, forſitan fuit error in Gallica? </s> <s id="s.014869">vel <lb></lb>vt non potuit interpretari, cùm videret non <lb></lb>conſtare ſententiam? </s> <s id="s.014870">vel conſulere exemplar <lb></lb>aliquod Germanicum? </s> <s id="s.014871">Sed ſimilis ſibi eſt <lb></lb>vbique. </s> <s id="s.014872">Ita & illud aquæ calidæ, vt calidum <lb></lb>à tepido diſtinguitur, ipſe interpretatur, vt <lb></lb>à frigido diſtinguitur. </s> <s id="s.014873">Quod verò adiicit <lb></lb>de calore aquæ in puteis, ſciat id à me de<lb></lb>claratum in libello de Aqua, & aethere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014874">PROBL. II. </s> <s id="s.014875">Quod ex vigeſima quar<lb></lb>ta ſectione problematum adiicitur, pro me <lb></lb>facit. </s> <s id="s.014876">quod autem ex Hippocrate in libro <lb></lb>de Natura fœtus, valde eſt in rem. </s> <s id="s.014877">Senten<lb></lb>tia illius eſt: Aqua in ſuperficie terræ cali<lb></lb>dior eſt æſtate quàm hyeme, in profundo <lb></lb>contrà. </s> <s id="s.014878">Rationem adducit, quia terra hye<lb></lb>me denſatur, & ob id concaleſcit: argu<lb></lb>mentum ducit, quod pelles in faſciculum <lb></lb>coactæ atque conſtrictæ vruntur. </s> <s id="s.014879">Hoc nihil <lb></lb>eſt contra declarationem noſtram. </s> <s id="s.014880">Quæ <lb></lb>enim in imo terræ adeò profundæ ſunt, vt <lb></lb>frigidiores videantur æſtate, quàm ſit aër <lb></lb>hyemis, hæ frigidiores ſunt æſtate, quàm <lb></lb>hyeme: quod de his declaratio noſtra non <lb></lb>probet, ſicut neque Hippocratis authoritas <lb></lb>noſtræ declarationi non aduerſatur. </s> <s id="s.014881">Subli<lb></lb>miores enim ſunt aquæ noſtrarum regio<lb></lb>num, quàm Hippoc. </s> <s id="s.014882">At nos de aquis genera<lb></lb>liter, quarum eſt vſus, quæ æſtate etiam ob id <lb></lb>ſalubriores ſunt, intelligimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014883">59 In eandem incidit foueam, putat me <lb></lb>collegiſſe obiter, & non cognita exactè <lb></lb>ſcripſiſſe, ideò quamuis vera afferat, quia ta<lb></lb>men aliquot planè falſa ſunt intermiſta, ideò <lb></lb>auctionem non faciunt. </s> <s id="s.014884">Quod de repetitio<lb></lb>ne obiicit, nonne videt in ſecunda editione <lb></lb>ſublatum? </s> <s id="s.014885">Porrò primam in ſeptem menſi<lb></lb>bus abſoluimus: quid ergo mirum cum <lb></lb>Flacco in tam longo tractu, & ſcribendi ce<lb></lb>leritate ſemel obrepſiſſe ſomnum. </s> <s id="s.014886">Neque <lb></lb>hoc vitio, ſi modò vitium eſt caruêre Ari<lb></lb>ſtoteles, & Galenus. </s> <s id="s.014887">Nullus enim error re<lb></lb>petitione leuior eſt, vt qui etiam nonnun<lb></lb>quam vtilis ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014888">60 Cur in frigidiſſimis regionibus her<lb></lb>niæ gulæ non adſit, ratio eſt, quia aquæ illæ <lb></lb>magis concoctæ ſunt: nam (vt dixi) ſolùm <lb></lb>bituminoſum eſt, concoquitur enim dupli<lb></lb>ci modo aqua. </s> <s id="s.014889">In his etiam regionibus vix <lb></lb>aqua vtuntur, ſed zethum quod refrigeret, <lb></lb>illis eſt in vſu. </s> <s id="s.014890">In ſequentibus vſque ad 72. <lb></lb>nihil continetur, ſed cùm propoſuiſſet om<lb></lb>nibus contradicere, perperàm argumenta<lb></lb>tur, quæ argumenta produnt, vel ſupinam <lb></lb>ignorantiam, vel malignitatem non vulga<lb></lb>rem: velut illud de ſcutica ſæpius repeti<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.014891">Sed hæc fuiſſe pædagogum docent, <lb></lb>quod ſecus ignotum hominibus eſſe po<lb></lb>terat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014892">72 Palea non eſt candida vt vix: fieri <lb></lb>etiam poteſt, vt vratur, ſed difficillimè, vnde <lb></lb>ille vt probaret experimentum in albo qua<lb></lb>ſi difficillimo oſtendebat: nos experti ſumus, <lb></lb>quòd verùm eſt vix poſſe accendi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014893">74 Frigiditas ſola priuatio eſt, nihil ibi <lb></lb>niſi calidum, quod lux, caliditas, motus, lu<lb></lb>men, propria ſint cœlo. </s> <s id="s.014894">Siccitas ibi non eſt, <lb></lb>vt qualitas elementi: in quo Galenus re<lb></lb>darguitur. </s> <s id="s.014895">In ſexta diuiſione admiratur, quòd <lb></lb>calor ſit in aqua, quomodo ageret cœlum, ſi <lb></lb>inferiora non reciperent? </s> <s id="s.014896">at receptus calor <lb></lb>in aqua eſt, vt lumen in ſuperficie colorati. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014897">Ibi notat contradictionem argumentum ſo<lb></lb>lùm ſtupidæ illius inſcitiæ. </s> <s id="s.014898">Aqua non habet <lb></lb>calorem per ſe, & ex ſe, ergo non concepit <lb></lb>ſemina caloris à cœlo? </s> <s id="s.014899">argumentum dignum <lb></lb>autore. </s> <s id="s.014900">In ſeptima diuiſione aliquid dignum <lb></lb>conſideratione adducit. </s> <s id="s.014901">Liquida refrigeran<lb></lb>tur motu, ſed eadem rareſcunt, & quæ ra<lb></lb>reſcunt, calefiunt, igitur refrigerantur & <pb pagenum="687" xlink:href="016/01/334.jpg"></pb>calefiunt. </s> <s id="s.014902">Dico aliud eſt de motu ſecundum <lb></lb>impulſum, vt dum fluit aqua: non enim ra<lb></lb>reſcit, ideò refrigeratur: at dum excipit <expan abbr="lumẽ">lumen</expan>, <lb></lb>mouetur à partibus non conſequens partes, <lb></lb>ideo rareſcit, & incaleſcit. </s> <s id="s.014903">Clarum eſt igitur <lb></lb>hunc virum ſemper labi, eodem lapſus gene<lb></lb>re ſcilicet homonymia. </s> <s id="s.014904">In octaua cùm ego <lb></lb>loquor de raritate ſubſtantiæ, ipſe loquitur <lb></lb>de raritate compoſitionis, vbi pumicem, & <lb></lb>fungum adducit, quaſi velit homines dedo<lb></lb>cere quæ ſciunt, docere quæ neſciunt. </s> <s id="s.014905">De <lb></lb>aëre, de quo eſſet aliqua difficultas, tran<lb></lb>ſit ſicco pede. </s> <s id="s.014906">Sed aër quò rarior, eò minùs <lb></lb>frigidus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014907">75 In quinta diuiſione conſtanter dico, <lb></lb>ſydera eodem modo eſſe calidiſſima, quo ſunt <lb></lb>ſplendidiſſima, Venus, lupiter, & Luna abun<lb></lb>dantia caloris: vt etiam luminis: Canicula <lb></lb>abundantia, & magnitudine. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014908">75 Amiratur de his verbis: Cœlum quia <lb></lb>nunquam ceſſat, & potentem vbique habet <lb></lb>animam, ideò non fatigari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014909">Imò dicit <lb></lb>potiùs, quia non fatigatur, non ceſſat. </s> <s id="s.014910">Nón<lb></lb>ne videt quòd in mortalibus fuga indigen<lb></lb>tiæ eſt cauſa facultatis, in immortalibus con<lb></lb>trà eſt: eſſent enim imperfecta talia, quæ à <lb></lb>prima cauſa prodeunt, vbi nulla ſuſpitio in<lb></lb>digentiæ, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014911">77 In ſecunda diuiſione aberrat toto cœlo: <lb></lb>nam non rota ſola, ſed & omnia, quæ <expan abbr="mouẽ-tur">mouen<lb></lb>tur</expan>, iam incitata facilius, & velocius mouen<lb></lb>tur, quia aër primi motus, vt in ſecundo libro <lb></lb>docuimus adiuuat: alia ob ſitus mutationem, <lb></lb>vt in curribus infixis terræ. </s> <s id="s.014912">Ibidem vides ſor<lb></lb>didam contumeliam abſque vlla cauſa. </s> <s id="s.014913">De <lb></lb>mundo an ſit ſempiternus, debuit primùm <lb></lb>quærere, quid per mundum intelligam, & li<lb></lb>brorum illorum editionem expectare. </s> <s id="s.014914">Decre<lb></lb>ueram non accuſare illum, at que ita feci, re<lb></lb>pugno enim, non oppugno, ſed hic cogor ob <lb></lb>Dei cultum: illum enim eundem naturæ, & <lb></lb>peſſimæ dicit, ac ſi quis vmbram ſoli eandem <lb></lb>affirmet. </s> <s id="s.014915">Ita in quibuſlibet inconſultus ſem<lb></lb>per fuit. </s> <s id="s.014916">Idem verò pulcherrimè probat Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelis ſui authoritate Deus & natura, <lb></lb>ergo Deus eſt natura. </s> <s id="s.014917">Aſſenſus eſt Pom<lb></lb>peius Ciceroni, ergo Pompeius eſt Ci<lb></lb>cero. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014918">79 Pudet me ſtuporis: ego primum non <lb></lb>affirmo minorem eſſe diuerſitatem cometæ, <lb></lb>quàm lunæ. </s> <s id="s.014919">Si conſtaret, non eſſet dubium <lb></lb>ſuperiorem eam fore lunæ: ſydus illud, Dij <lb></lb>boni quid ad diuerſitatem aſpectus, quæ ratio<lb></lb>ne Mathematica pura conſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014920">80 Quod de Iride ſcripſimus, ſeruat phæ<lb></lb>nomena, atque in hoc poſtquam non aliud <lb></lb>melius ſuccurrebat, maluimus explicare Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelem, quàm damnare: haud neſcij, quòd <lb></lb>res ipſa pateretur graues difficultates natura<lb></lb>les: nam quod ad Mathematica attinet, ſatis<lb></lb>factum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014921">Quæ enim obiicit ipſe, abſurda ſunt, <lb></lb>& non intelligentis. </s> <s id="s.014922">Quod enim dicat vidiſ<lb></lb>ſe iridem incumbentem arbori, exiſtimo non <lb></lb>ſanum fuiſſe: ſed qui verax eſt, apparuit hoc <lb></lb>illi non propè ſed procul, & ob aſpectus er<lb></lb>rorem. </s> <s id="s.014923">Cæterùm approximare iridi ratione <lb></lb>dicta omninò eſt impoſſibile. </s> <s id="s.014924">Neque ex <lb></lb>tranſuerſo ſic inſpicere, vt quaſi vnum la<lb></lb>tus per aliud, ſeu è regione videatur: ſic enim <lb></lb>ſol, & oculus, & iris, & centrum, & iridis la<lb></lb>tera eſſent in vna recta. </s> <s id="s.014925">De interiore circulo, <lb></lb>vbi debet legi exteriore manifeſtè, cùm or<lb></lb>dines viciſſim mutatos profitear, & Ariſtote<lb></lb>les, ex quo deſumpſi dicat, non pudet crimi<lb></lb>nari? </s> <s id="s.014926">ſed vicit, Pæana canat. </s> <s id="s.014927">Cæterùm quòd <lb></lb>ego croceum, Ariſtoteles puniceum vocat, <lb></lb>vterque benè: nam ego plures colorum ſpe<lb></lb>cies, quàm ille poſuit, etiam ſi librum de co<lb></lb>loribus (quem ſuum non eſſe plerique exiſti<lb></lb>mant) illi tribuas. </s> <s id="s.014928">Conſtat etiam de re ipſa, <lb></lb>nam iris ſola, vt exiſtimo, & cœlum colores <lb></lb>retinent impermutabiles: his rurſus oporte<lb></lb>ret adiicere paginam, ne in verbis caperes, <lb></lb>ſed faceſſat cùm ſuis calumniis, ne pereat <lb></lb><expan abbr="gẽma">gemma</expan> chariſſima. </s> <s id="s.014929">De iridis inſeſſu nónne in <lb></lb>ſecunda editione vidit, in quam aluimus <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> <lb></lb>Ariſtotelem præterire, cùm non probare<lb></lb>mus, quàm redarguere: nam neque ipſe affir<lb></lb>mat. </s> <s id="s.014930">Porrò in tertia ſectione adeò admiratur <lb></lb>rem tam perſpicuam? </s> <s id="s.014931">cùm in tractatione co<lb></lb>lorum doceam ferrugineum, alióſque colores <lb></lb>ſine luce vocari, aliorum puta viridis atque <lb></lb>niuei, quòd parum lucis retineant compara<lb></lb>tione: cum iam ſuperiùs declarauerim omnes <lb></lb>colores à luce conſtitui, illius eſſe particeps. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014932">Ita credo huic nugatori, quod mihi deeſt illi <lb></lb>ſuperabundat, ſcilicet tempus, nam tam ru<lb></lb>dem eum eſſe perſuaderi nequeo. </s> <s id="s.014933">Duarum <lb></lb>verò figurarum, quas ponit in nona & deci<lb></lb>ma ſectione, quæ in decima eſt falſa, & con<lb></lb>ficit ſeipſum. </s> <s id="s.014934">Elatius enim ſit centrum iridis <lb></lb>à finitore, ſi ſol ſit in eo, ergo plus medie<lb></lb>tate iridis videt: Modò agnoſcis perfectè <lb></lb>hominem, qui decipitur in Mathematicis, <lb></lb>vbi Ariſtoteles negat fieri poſſe paralogiſſi<lb></lb>mum: quæ verò in nona, non concludit. </s> <s id="s.014935">Et <lb></lb>quod vix ex declarationibus Monteregij, in <lb></lb>librum Tabularum primi mobilis magno <lb></lb>negotio erui poteſt, ipſe parùm in Mathe<lb></lb>maticis exercitatus, putat quatuor verbis <lb></lb>declarare, vt erubeſcam non mediocriter il<lb></lb>lius cauſa. </s> <s id="s.014936">Ego tamen ſtudiorum amore hîc <lb></lb>eam volo ſubiicere. </s> <s id="s.014937">Ex 21. problemate Mon<lb></lb>teregij reſiduum maximæ declinationis par. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014938">66. min. 30. cum altitudine poli in noſtra <lb></lb>regione par. </s> <s id="s.014939">44. min. 20. arcum ſubtenſum <lb></lb>habent par. </s> <s id="s.014940">30. min. 51. ergo ex vſu pro<lb></lb>blematis, quia ab angulo meridiani, & ec<lb></lb>clipticæ detrahi debet, vt relinquatur angu<lb></lb>lus ecclipticæ, & finitoris, hic angulus eſt <lb></lb>finitoris, & meridiani per punctum illum <lb></lb>tranſeuntis. </s> <s id="s.014941">Habeo igitur angulum rectum, <lb></lb>& angulum par. </s> <s id="s.014942">39. min. 51. & maximam <lb></lb>latitudinem: ponemus igitur ex dictis à <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.334.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/334/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Monteregio, in quarta de triangulis AB, <lb></lb>partem æquinoctialis, & B C, meridiani, <lb></lb>vt vocant circuli, vt ſit par. </s> <s id="s.014943">23. min. 20. & <lb></lb>angulus A, rectus, & AC, finitoris partem: <lb></lb>angulum autem C, par. </s> <s id="s.014944">39. min. 51. duce<lb></lb>mus igitur ſinum lateris BC, per ſinum com<lb></lb>plementi anguli C, & productum diuide<lb></lb>mus per 60. & exibit ſinus complementi <pb pagenum="688" xlink:href="016/01/335.jpg"></pb>anguli A.par.27. minut.30. Sed ex his, quæ <lb></lb>in duodecimo libro de Rerum varietate ſcri<lb></lb>pta ſunt, proportio ſinus A, ad ſinum B: eſt vt <lb></lb>ſinus lateris BC, ad ſinum lateris AC. </s> <s id="s.014945">Ergo <lb></lb>ſinus lateris AC, eſt par.26.min.5. & arcus <lb></lb>par. </s> <s id="s.014946">25. min. 45. ponemus igitur finitorem <lb></lb>ACDB, in cuius centro palàm eſt nos eſſe, <lb></lb>& meridianum FGEH, cùm igitur GE, ſit <lb></lb>par.26.min.5.erit FG, partium 33.min.55. at <lb></lb>FE, eſt par. </s> <s id="s.014947">60. igitur ſol erit in eo ſitu bo<lb></lb>realior nobis partibus iiſdem, ſcilicet 26. <lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.335.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/335/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>min.55. Et cùm eſt in meridie, declina ma<lb></lb>gis à puncto F: ipſo E, par. </s> <s id="s.014948">20. min. 50. Igitur <lb></lb>in aſcenſu procedit ad meridiem partium <lb></lb>46. min. 55. quod facilè eſt videre in ſphæra. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014949">Ex hoc ſequuntur quatuor corrolaria, pri<lb></lb>mùm quod dum ſol eſt citra æquinoctialem, <lb></lb>nobis in ortu & occaſu fiunt vmbræ meri<lb></lb>dianæ. </s> <s id="s.014950">Secundum, quòd dum Sol eſt in tro<lb></lb>pico Cancri, in ortu, & occaſu omnibus fer<lb></lb>mè Europeis ſfiunt vmbræ meridianæ. </s> <s id="s.014951">Ter<lb></lb>tium, quod licet agnoſcere æquinoctium <lb></lb>certum ex ortu, vel occaſu Solis abique in<lb></lb>ſtrumento, cùm parietem ad boream rectè <lb></lb>ſpectantem primo radio attigerit. </s> <s id="s.014952">Quartum, <lb></lb>quòd cùm multos viderim homines impu<lb></lb>dentes, hoc tamen nullum vidi ſtultiorem, <lb></lb>qui de rebus, quas neque ex cortice vidit, ne<lb></lb>gotium nobis occupatis ad vtiliſſima facit, <lb></lb>ſolis cauillationibus ac ſophiſmatibus, tum <lb></lb>Grammaticis argutiolis innixus, exiſtimans <lb></lb>profunda rerum ſuis nugis poſſe metiri, <lb></lb>idémque eſſe nugari, & ſcire, nóſque vt il<lb></lb>lum temerè, & abſque conſideratione, abſ<lb></lb>que iudicio ſcripſiſſe de quibuſcunque, quæ <lb></lb>nobis in mentem venerint. </s> <s id="s.014953">Ignoſcat mihi, <lb></lb>quòd iratus hæc dico, quia me adegerit ad <lb></lb>perdendam dimidiam diem in hoc labore, di<lb></lb>mitteréque neceſſaria, quum ſufficiat mihi <lb></lb>tradidiſſe omnium rerum principia: nam do<lb></lb>ctis ego ſcripſi, & veritatis cultoribus, vt <lb></lb>poſſint ſe exercere, vel aliorum doctrina, vel <lb></lb>noſtris exemplis hincinde ſparſis. </s> <s id="s.014954">Tum etiam <lb></lb>quòd genus hoc ſophiſtarum, vt & Galenus <lb></lb>faciebat, odio pluſquàm Vatiniano proſe<lb></lb>quor. </s> <s id="s.014955">Legat rogo totum illud ſuum opus <lb></lb>quæſo tam magnum, & videat quem fructum <lb></lb>capere poſſit cognitionis rerum? </s> <s id="s.014956">Sed ſolùm <lb></lb>ſalsè, acutè, ſubtiliter, ſubtiliſſimè, vrbanè, <lb></lb>facetè, ironicè contractio, ac eiuſmodi de<lb></lb>liramenta: mirus ſui encomiaſtes, qui idem <lb></lb>putat forſan profiteri ſe de Subtilitate ſcri<lb></lb>bere, & ſubtiliter. </s> <s id="s.014957">Parum per ſe recipiat, <lb></lb>& conſideret vter noſtrûm ipſi Ariſtoteli <lb></lb>quem adeò imitari ſe profitetur, ſimilior ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014958">Ducat tandem exemplum ab hac vna tan<lb></lb>tùm re, quanti laboris quantæ ſubtilitatis, <lb></lb>quanti periculi errandi? </s> <s id="s.014959">Et cogitet omnia <lb></lb>eadem arte ab eadem mente excogitata, <lb></lb>& eadem profunditate recondita, atque ce<lb></lb>lata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014960">82 Si vellem adnotare errores, quale il<lb></lb>lud eſt amentiæ ſimile: quadratum corpus <lb></lb>puſillum ab omni latere circumueniri ſolis <lb></lb>radiis poteſt. </s> <s id="s.014961">Nam ſi de fine vmbræ loqua<lb></lb>tur, etiam ſphæræ contingere poteſt, quod <lb></lb>tamen negat: ſi de contactus omninò im<lb></lb>poſſibile. </s> <s id="s.014962">De pyramide etiam inuerſa, diſpe<lb></lb>ream ſi ſcit quid dicat, cùm exiſtimat to<lb></lb>tam poſſe ſimul illuſtrari. </s> <s id="s.014963">Ita nec probata <lb></lb>prodit, nec tantùm eſt illi doctrinæ, vt ſciat <lb></lb>quid dicat. </s> <s id="s.014964">Oporteret enim pyramidem il<lb></lb>lam habere infinitam penè tenuitatem, <lb></lb>vt in tertia editione huius libri demonſtra<lb></lb>uimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014965">84 Prodit ſtultitiam ſuam, dubitationem <lb></lb>quam propono, ac bene ſoluo, ipſe quaſi con<lb></lb>cedam reprehendit, & malè ſoluit, cùm præ <lb></lb>oculis ſolutionem veram etiam in prima <lb></lb>editione haberet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014966">85 Quam ſtultitiam etiam auget, qua<lb></lb>ſi non liceat firmo clauo Heliocaminum <lb></lb>affigere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014967">86 Diſcorides non ſcribit ex hordeo ſo<lb></lb>lo fieri. </s> <s id="s.014968">Si contendat more ſuo, ſit hala Sco<lb></lb>torum. </s> <s id="s.014969">Dicit quo humido viuunt? </s> <s id="s.014970">Centies ſe<lb></lb>mina dicto pingui, ergo ſemper in homony<lb></lb>mia verſatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014971">87 Liqueſcit quod molle redditur, etiam <lb></lb>ſi non omninò fluat. </s> <s id="s.014972">Simile illud dum redit, <lb></lb>emphaſin verbi non intelligit, plus eſt quàm <lb></lb>ſi dixiſſem, cùm rediit, quoniam hoc iun<lb></lb>ctum eſt, & liqueſcere, & redire, & rediiſſe <lb></lb>declarat: quoniam reditu durum factum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014973">Cuprum, bitumen, vitrum adducit, ducitur <lb></lb>cuprum ſaltem, dum liquidum eſt. </s> <s id="s.014974">Si enim <lb></lb>non facilè frangitur & cedit, duci poteſt: at <lb></lb>cuprum non duci poteſt, non erit verè du<lb></lb>rum, ſcilicet ex tertio genere argumentum <lb></lb>declarat, ſed non apud eum, qui contradicen<lb></lb>di ſtudio inebriatus, quæ ſunt ante oculos <lb></lb>non videt. </s> <s id="s.014975">Bitumen quis dicat, ictui mallei, vt <lb></lb>ferrum, vel plumbum reſiſtere? </s> <s id="s.014976">Vitrum cum <lb></lb>duci poteſt, ſcilicet liquidum, non frangitur, <lb></lb>non poteſt duci, & multò minus, quàm vlla <lb></lb>alia res. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014977">94 Nónne vidit in ſecunda editione meam <lb></lb>ſententiam planè explicatam? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014978">95 Exiſtimabat licere ſibi hac in re liberè <lb></lb>nugari more ſolito, quòd non ederet quæ di<lb></lb>cta ſunt, poſſe declarari, ſed fallitur. </s> <s id="s.014979">Terra <lb></lb>hæc ſic præparata, vel erit ſimilis, vel dete<lb></lb>rior, vel melior ſimplici terra? </s> <s id="s.014980">non ſimilis, <lb></lb>nam abſurdum videtur, repurgatam miſtam, <lb></lb>tum fermenteſcentem eaſdem ad vnguem <lb></lb>retinere vires, neque deterior: nam tenuior <lb></lb>facta, & incorrupta attenuare ſine calefa<lb></lb>ctione, atque incidere poterit, <expan abbr="putredinémq;">putredinémque</expan> <lb></lb>minuere. </s> <s id="s.014981">Oſtendit hoc (vocant balſamum<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>quòd ſolo vino, & oleo in ſeculum ſepultis <lb></lb>conſtat. </s> <s id="s.014982">Itaque vides hominis arrogantiam, <lb></lb>cùm inſulſa temeritate, cùm etiam incertus <lb></lb>eſſet an expertus forem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014983">98 Sectione ſeptima: Ea ſunt vbique, non <lb></lb>in quacunque terræ parte, profundiora enim <lb></lb>ſunt vnde non ego inconſtans, ſed ipſe erat, <lb></lb>præſertim cùm me ibi declarauerim. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="689" xlink:href="016/01/336.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.014984">99 Agit egregium Rhetorem, oues, & <lb></lb>boues, & pecora campi, cùm rationes de<lb></lb>ſunt, ad has nugas ſe conuertit. </s> <s id="s.014985">Ibidem de <lb></lb>Africæ parte diſputat, quæ vltra æquino<lb></lb>ctij circulum poſita eſt: ibi quâ parte Bra<lb></lb>ſiliam reſpicit mare, excipit quòd eſt ei à <lb></lb>meridie: at Braſilia ipſa quæ ab oriente ma<lb></lb>ri alluitur, gemmarum inſulas habet, ob <lb></lb>abundantiam earum ita appellatas. </s> <s id="s.014986">Sicut & <lb></lb>Melindæ regnum, & Azaniæ, & Arabia Fœ<lb></lb>lix, & Hiſpania inſula: omnes enim mare ab <lb></lb>oriente habent, & gemmarum, & auri, & <lb></lb>aromatum ſunt feraces. </s> <s id="s.014987">Sic videt omnia <lb></lb>concordare, & adhuc audet hiſcere. </s> <s id="s.014988">De Hiſ<lb></lb>pania (quod ſolùm obiici poteſt) negamus <lb></lb>auri, vel gemmarum, vel aromatum poſſe <lb></lb>eſſe feracem: & hoc ſi ad ſuprà dictas regio<lb></lb>nes conferatur argenti, poteſt vt & Germa<lb></lb>niæ. </s> <s id="s.014989">Plinius eam laudauit, quòd ſeculo illo <lb></lb>quo Romani pauperrimi erant, viſa eſt di<lb></lb>ues ſuo malo Prouincia, quòd Italiæ compa<lb></lb>rata aliquid auri, gemmarum etiam gigne<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.014990">Sed neque expilata tota Prouincia auri <lb></lb>copia apparuit, neque poſt, neque nunc, ne<lb></lb>que in poſterum vnquam apparebit, donec <lb></lb>mutata rerum forma alium quoque inire <lb></lb>rationem oporteat. </s> <s id="s.014991">Exiſtimat enim hic vir <lb></lb>noſtras declarationes ſimiles eſſe ſuis nugis: <lb></lb>nos enim ſecurè & tutò etiam pronuncia<lb></lb>mus de rebus. </s> <s id="s.014992">Caueat modò lector, ne per<lb></lb>peràm, vt ille dicta noſtra intelligat, in qui<lb></lb>bus falli facilè quiſque poteſt ob eam quæ <lb></lb>aliàs dicta eſt rationem. </s> <s id="s.014993">Sic & in ſenſu il<lb></lb>lorum verborum (nec ab occiduis radiis) de<lb></lb>cipitur: & (vt video) profunditatem ver<lb></lb>borum non aſſequitur, ſed ſolùm corticem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014994">Quare ſi tandem ſapere tantus natu inci<lb></lb>pere vult legat magnam Ptolomæi compo<lb></lb>ſitionem, & ſolùm animaduertat aſſumptio<lb></lb>nes: ſimiliter & illius libros de iudiciis, in <lb></lb>quibus nos profundiſſimam rationem aſ<lb></lb>ſumptionum declarauimus: nam illius exem<lb></lb>plo, & Euclidis, tùm Galeni duabus lineis in <lb></lb>methodo totam rationem librorum conden<lb></lb>dorum venati ſumus: nec Ariſtoteles eam <lb></lb>neſciuit, nec prætermiſit, ſed in eo adeò ob<lb></lb>ſcura eſt, vt nunquam ex illis operibus quiſ<lb></lb>quam illam, etiam ſi lynceus eſſet, expiſcari <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.014995">Tria enim ſunt genera declarandi, <lb></lb>rectum Mathematicorum, diuiſiuum Gale<lb></lb>ni, & participans, ſeu reflexum, quod eſt <lb></lb>omnibus difficilius Ptolomæi. </s> <s id="s.014996">Quamobrem <lb></lb>cùm in omnibus vno ex his vſi ſimus, ne<lb></lb>que volentes errare potuimus, niſi ſi qua <lb></lb>aſſumpta eſſent, quæ vera non eſſent. </s> <s id="s.014997">In quo <lb></lb>diligenter cauimus, & experimento ipſo, & <lb></lb>conteſtibus, & ratione rurſus in ipſis aſſum<lb></lb>ptis, & quòd omnibus maius eſt, nihil tan<lb></lb>quam quod ſit, ſed eſſe poſſit, aſſumendo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.014998">Vt non dicamus quicquam ſimpliciter, ſed <lb></lb>quoniam ita eſt. </s> <s id="s.014999">Hoc enim neceſſarium & <lb></lb>ſempiternum, eſſe autem fortuitum, falláx<lb></lb>que affirmatio. </s> <s id="s.015000">Mathematica verò illa figu<lb></lb>ra nihil arguit, niſi inſaniam. </s> <s id="s.015001">Sed ne ver<lb></lb>bis illum ſolùm damnare videamur, expo<lb></lb>namus id quod propoſuimus <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>nec ab occi<lb></lb>duis radiis, hæc autem in initio ſexti libri<emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>vbi ex oriente vapores maris in terram de<lb></lb>feruntur, concoqui poſſunt oriente Sole, qui <lb></lb>moderato calore ſenſim cogit, & attenuat: <lb></lb>inde vſque ad veſperam humor ille com<lb></lb>miſtus temperatur purgato aëre: at ſi dicas, <lb></lb>in Hiſpania, exempli gratia, vapores è mari <lb></lb>delatos veſpertinâ horâ concoqui poſſe? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015002">oſtendimus ex nimio feruore, ſiccitatéque <lb></lb>Solis occidui exuri terras, non concoqui hu<lb></lb>morem. </s> <s id="s.015003">Sed nec à matutino, cùm nondum <lb></lb>à Sole ſint educti. </s> <s id="s.015004">Sed enim impellit, & <lb></lb>aërem, & ventos, & vapores ante ſe, non ſo<lb></lb>lùm eleuat. </s> <s id="s.015005">Vt autem huius rei duo habeas <lb></lb>experimenta clariſſima, ſi terram veſpertina <lb></lb>hora, dum Sol viget irrigaueris, areſcent <lb></lb>omnes plantæ ob cauſam dictam. </s> <s id="s.015006">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>id vbi iam Sol deciderit agas, matutino de<lb></lb>mulcente luxuriant plantæ. </s> <s id="s.015007">Rurſus ſi aream <lb></lb>ex occidente plantarum delicatiorum ſeras, <lb></lb>ſeruabis: ſi ex oriente nunquam, quod oc<lb></lb>ciduum Solem excipiant, orientem non vi<lb></lb>deant. </s> <s id="s.015008">Ita hic egregius vir, quam vtilitatem <lb></lb>præſtet humano generi cum ſuis ſophiſma<lb></lb>tibus intelligitis, quàm ineptè interpretetur <lb></lb>cognoſcitis? </s> <s id="s.015009">Sic & vbi adeò amens eſt, vt <lb></lb>acliuis, & decliuis diſcrimen intelligere me <lb></lb>non putat, pondus ſententiæ euertit: ob ac<lb></lb>cliuitatem deſcendit aqua, per declinitatem <lb></lb>deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.015010">Sed putat nos, vt ipſum temerè <lb></lb>conſcripſiſſe hos libros. </s> <s id="s.015011">At dignus erat cui <lb></lb>nihil reſponderetur, ſed maluimus Poſterita<lb></lb>ti conſulere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015012">100 Puteum illum, ſi ſuo periculo expe<lb></lb>riretur, intelligeret quantum interſit inter <lb></lb>Peripateticum ſophiſtam, clamoſúmque li<lb></lb>tigatorem, ac vere Sapientem, qui res ipſas <lb></lb>tractauit, principia nouit, meditatione non <lb></lb>garrulitate expendit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015013">101 Hic ſepia noſtra inuenit quod quæ<lb></lb>rebat, ſcilicet rem ad rauim vſque litigio<lb></lb>ſam. </s> <s id="s.015014">Quis enim docuit, in tertia ſectione <lb></lb>vinum & aquam per minima miſceri, cùm <lb></lb>in qualibet parte deprehendatur vtrunque <lb></lb>ſenſu: ſenſus autem eſt certus index ſenſi<lb></lb>lium, vt habetur octauo Phyſicorum, vbi <lb></lb>negat dari hos motus, qui ſentiri nequeant, <lb></lb>idemque alibi teſtatur. </s> <s id="s.015015">Vinum aquæ ſuper<lb></lb>fundi debet, vt pars ſuperior vinoſior ſit, <lb></lb>quæ hauſta petit imum ventriculi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015016">CAP. 23. In 6. decipitur, oleum den<lb></lb>ſius eſt, & tenuius, nec parum rore, Ela<lb></lb>boratum enim pluribus menſibus multis <lb></lb>inſtrumentis, ros in aëre vnica nocte. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015017">Ideò vides hominem neſcientem prorſus <lb></lb>quid garriat. </s> <s id="s.015018">In duodecima putat, rurſus <lb></lb>fieri poſſe miſtionem veram, abſque gene<lb></lb>ratione, nec animaduertit declarationem, <lb></lb>quæ generaliter concludit: experimentum <lb></lb>etiam de linteo, vbi neceſſe eſt, partes non <lb></lb>eſſe verè miſtas. </s> <s id="s.015019">Simili ruditate vult ab <lb></lb>igne fieri poſſe: ſempérque ſupponit <lb></lb>quod probare deberet, quódque falſum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015020">In tertiadecima rurſus homonymia decipi<lb></lb>tur, aut decipere conatur. </s> <s id="s.015021">Ariſtoteles de <lb></lb>miſtione communi loquitur, non de ea, <lb></lb>de qua nos declarationem adduximus: vbi <lb></lb>vna ſola forma corporis. </s> <s id="s.015022">Laborat præterea <lb></lb>in quarta decima ſectione, in duobus pri<lb></lb>mum, quòd lapides viuere affirmem, cùm <lb></lb>ponam in illis formam elementi domi<lb></lb>nantis: at non in viuentibus pono eam <pb pagenum="690" xlink:href="016/01/337.jpg"></pb>ſed miſtis, quæ (vt dixi) non ſunt verè miſta: <lb></lb>nam ſic viuerent, ſed per craſim, aut aliter <lb></lb>facta. </s> <s id="s.015023">Secundum difficilius eſt, quomodo ca<lb></lb>dauer à planta, & os in cadauere à carne <lb></lb>differat? </s> <s id="s.015024">De metallis nugatur, nam viuunt vt <lb></lb>dixi. </s> <s id="s.015025">Quomodo ergo tot fatuitates ſtruit de <lb></lb>plumbo & auro, cum ſint ſicut cuniculus & <lb></lb>equus? </s> <s id="s.015026">Sic de magnete: at de cadauere dico, <lb></lb>quòd talia fuerunt verè miſta: & licet amit<lb></lb>tant animam, remanent tamen miſta, non <lb></lb>tamen animata: & ideò patet, quòd ſunt <lb></lb>quatuor genera miſtorum, & ſunt omnia <lb></lb>terrea, vel aquea: quia ſunt grauia: operatio <lb></lb>enim facit cognoſcere formam. </s> <s id="s.015027">Quòd autem <lb></lb>aliqua ſint calida, aliqua frigida, falſum eſt: <lb></lb>omnia enim ſunt per ſe frigida, niſi ab igne, <lb></lb>vt calx: potentia tamen, vt ſubiiciuntur <lb></lb>actioni caloris naturalis, dicuntur humida, <lb></lb>vel calida, vel amara, vel detergentia. </s> <s id="s.015028">Stul<lb></lb>tum eſt autem credere, quod ſint talia actu: <lb></lb>ſed vt limus igni expoſitus. </s> <s id="s.015029">At dicit, vide<lb></lb>mus tamen quòd forma ligni eſt, alia à for<lb></lb>ma calcis: dico quòd non niſi paſſiuè, nul<lb></lb>lam enim retinent qualitatem actiuam, niſi <lb></lb>elementi, quod declaratur. </s> <s id="s.015030">At mirum eſt <lb></lb>tot eſſe gradus? </s> <s id="s.015031">at magis mirum eſt in cœlo, <lb></lb>quòd apud Peripateticos eſt, qualitatis ex<lb></lb>pers eſſe longè plures. </s> <s id="s.015032">In quintadecima for<lb></lb>ma generatur verè, quia materia præfuit, ſi <lb></lb>æterna fuit? </s> <s id="s.015033">dicimus tamen compoſitum ge<lb></lb>nerari ſeptimo primæ Philosophiæ, qui non <lb></lb>fit in materia res, ſed ex materia. </s> <s id="s.015034">Sicut ſphæ<lb></lb>ra fit ex ære, & non in ære. </s> <s id="s.015035">Et etiam quia <lb></lb>forma ſi generaretur ex forma, non miſta <lb></lb>materiæ dicetur forma generari, ergo ſi ex <lb></lb>compoſito fiat compoſitum, generari dice<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="s.015036">Sed tamen hæ ſubtilitates, vt pleræque <lb></lb>aliæ, quæ in verbis conſtant, parum ad re<lb></lb>rum notitiam momenti afferunt. </s> <s id="s.015037">Scimus <lb></lb>enim (vt dictum eſt) quod ſola forma verè <lb></lb>nouiter generatur. </s> <s id="s.015038">Ita Philoſophus magnas <lb></lb>errandi cauſas dedit. </s> <s id="s.015039">At in augumento alia <lb></lb>etiam cauſa eſt, forma enim quæ præerat, <lb></lb>partem aliam materiæ occupat, ideò exten<lb></lb>ditur, & augetur. </s> <s id="s.015040">Materiam autem augeri <lb></lb>eſt omninò impoſſibile, cùm non ipſa augea<lb></lb>tur, ſed alia ipſi ſuperaddatur. </s> <s id="s.015041">At dicit, fun<lb></lb>ditur, non augetur? </s> <s id="s.015042">lis eſt in verbo, ſatis con<lb></lb>ſtat materiam non augeri, aut ergo nihil <lb></lb>augetur, aut forma? </s> <s id="s.015043">In decimaoctaua ſectio<lb></lb>ne negat omne quòd generatur, ab anima <lb></lb>generari, quia ex aqua fit aër: negamus cla<lb></lb>rè ex aqua per ignem generari aërem, ſed <lb></lb>vaporem. </s> <s id="s.015044">Ex vapore fit aër, à calore Solis, <lb></lb>qui ſpecies etiam firmioris vitæ generat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015045">Ignis enim nihil prorſus generat: quod <lb></lb>enim generatur, aliquo modo ſimile eſt ge<lb></lb>neranti: at nihil ſimile eſt igni præter ignem, <lb></lb>at hic eſt qualitas ſubſtantiam corrumpens, <lb></lb>non naturale ens. </s> <s id="s.015046">Quòd verò dixerim mi<lb></lb>ſtionem omnem fieri ab anima, quis dubi<lb></lb>tat rectè dictum? </s> <s id="s.015047">cum ita miſcere, vt forma <lb></lb>nulla elementi maneat, ita augeri vt nihil <lb></lb>ſit, quòd non augeatur, manifeſtum ſit eſſe <lb></lb>opus Diuinum non ſolùm animæ. </s> <s id="s.015048">Et lapides <lb></lb>ſuam habent animam, ſuum calorem, at non <lb></lb>ſentitur. </s> <s id="s.015049">Quid ergo, etiam viperæ calore na<lb></lb>turali carebunt? </s> <s id="s.015050">quia tactu frigidæ viden<lb></lb>tur, & plantæ, & piſces. </s> <s id="s.015051">In vniuerſum hic <lb></lb>nactus extremitate occaſionem, vbique ad<lb></lb>miratur, ſed quid faceret, ſi noſtram artem <lb></lb>medendi paruam videret, velut illud: Et <lb></lb>fluxus qui eſt morbus inanitatis, cuius cau<lb></lb>ſa eſt repletio: diceret, cur non diſtinguis, de <lb></lb>quo fluxu dicas, cùm ſint plura genera: de<lb></lb>inde fluxus non id ſignificat quod exiſti<lb></lb>mas, ſcilicet morbum, nec ſi eſt Latina di<lb></lb>ctio. </s> <s id="s.015052">Deinde non omnis fluxus eſt ex reple<lb></lb>tione, ſed quandoque ex imbecillitate, quan<lb></lb>doque ex prauitate humorum. </s> <s id="s.015053">Præterea quo<lb></lb>modo poteſt eſſe morbus, cùm ſit actio ſola? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015054">& etiamſi ſit inanitas, non eſt ex repletio<lb></lb>ne? </s> <s id="s.015055">ſi ex inanitate, erit potiùs ſymptoma <lb></lb>quàm morbus? </s> <s id="s.015056">vides quanta occurrant vo<lb></lb>lenti vellicare, ſed tamen & Latina eſt ora<lb></lb>tio, & nihil habet incongrui, aut falſi. </s> <s id="s.015057">Cur <lb></lb>ergo non carpit Ariſtotelem? </s> <s id="s.015058">qui & ipſe cùm <lb></lb>breuis ſit, multò plures præfert contradictio<lb></lb>nes, At ille iam receptus eſt? </s> <s id="s.015059">at tu interpre<lb></lb>tare nos ex noſtris, quoniam non vt tibi pla<lb></lb>ceremus, rem voluimus facere infinitam: & <lb></lb>res ac experimenta ſpecta, videbíſque no<lb></lb>ſtra eſſe etiam multò veriora, quia magis <lb></lb>ſpecialia: ille enim ſolùm in generalibus <lb></lb>præceptis verſatur. </s> <s id="s.015060">Itaque vt noſtra intel<lb></lb>ligerentur, vel ingenio acutiore, vel ocio <lb></lb>longiore, vel maiore veritatis amore opus <lb></lb>erat. </s> <s id="s.015061">Ibidem nos arguit inſcitiæ de Agalo<lb></lb>cho, riſum mouet his ſuis ineptiis, qui non <lb></lb>quanta de illo ſcripſerim, antequam librum <lb></lb>ſuum ederet, vidit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015062">102 Variari contendis formam, vt & <lb></lb>arbores fateor: nihilominus vtcunque ar<lb></lb>borem compreſſeris, ramos à trunco, & ra<lb></lb>dice diſtinctos videbis. </s> <s id="s.015063">De auro ſtultè putat <lb></lb>ibi naſci: ſolùm id rarum non admittit, id <lb></lb>nos aliàs ante ipſum inter audita recenſui<lb></lb>mus, & tamen adiicit ſi ſcirem. </s> <s id="s.015064">Dubio ſine <lb></lb>aduectum, aliàs multis antea ſæculis, indicio <lb></lb>eſt paucitas, & forma nimis exquiſita, tum <lb></lb>puritas. </s> <s id="s.015065">At hæc ſi vera ſunt (nam alibi cer<lb></lb>tum eſt inueniri) multi enim multa nugan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.015066">In ſecunda ſectione, ignorat etiam orien<lb></lb>talibus venas ineſſe, quibus redduntur vi<lb></lb>ridiores: formoſis enim etiam næui pulchri<lb></lb>tudinem addunt. </s> <s id="s.015067">Quòd de lapidibus veſicæ <lb></lb>adducit, contra ipſum eſt: quia enim non <lb></lb>viuunt, cruſtati ſunt, ideò non cruſtati ſunt <lb></lb>qui viuunt: ſunt enim quidam, licet pauci <lb></lb>natura tales: nam nec margaritæ viuunt. </s> <s id="s.015068">In <lb></lb>quarta ſectione prodit imbecillitatem ſuo<lb></lb>rum principiorum, nam quæ à frigore con<lb></lb>creſcunt, calore molleſcunt, non contrà: nam <lb></lb>nec lateres. </s> <s id="s.015069">In quinta, ſæpius homo ſine cul<lb></lb>pa occiditur, id eſt, plures homines occidun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.015070">Velut Terentianum illud, Sæpe ex hu<lb></lb>iuſmodi re, id eſt, ex huiuſmodi rebus, figu<lb></lb>ra eſt, poſtquam repueraſcere oportet apud <lb></lb>illum. </s> <s id="s.015071">Non omnis operatio eſt ab anima, lo<lb></lb>quendo de nutrice: nam mundi forſan: ne<lb></lb>que enim deſcenſus vſtio, ſed propria. </s> <s id="s.015072">Ignis <lb></lb>enim ita vrit <expan abbr="ferrũ">ferrum</expan>, ſicut & lignum, <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> <lb></lb>eſt vi naturę ſuę. </s> <s id="s.015073">At hoc non didicit ab Hip<lb></lb>pocrate vt <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> Galenus in libris de <expan abbr="Elemẽtis">Elementis</expan> <lb></lb>teſtatur. </s> <s id="s.015074">Ideò <expan abbr="argumẽtum">argumentum</expan> hoc illud torquet, <lb></lb>cui <expan abbr="reſpõdere">reſpondere</expan> <expan abbr="perperã">perperam</expan> nititur, cùm <expan abbr="experimẽ-to">experimen<lb></lb>to</expan> reſponſio ſua non conſentiat. </s> <s id="s.015075">Nec decepit <lb></lb>me ſimilitudo verbi, nam res ex rebus non ab <pb pagenum="691" xlink:href="016/01/338.jpg"></pb>autoribus decerpo, quas poſtmodum illis, ſi <lb></lb>per eos licet accommodem. </s> <s id="s.015076">Sic ergo in ani<lb></lb>malibus, plantis, atque lapidibus ac metal<lb></lb>lis. </s> <s id="s.015077">In ſeptima ſectione, quæ ſentit anima <lb></lb>in ſenſum habentibus (nam de piſce ſermo <lb></lb>erat) eadem eſt nutrici: quoniam nullum <lb></lb>animal videmus (ſi contendas etiam in illis <lb></lb>has differre) quod ſublata ſenſus facultate <lb></lb>nutriatur. </s> <s id="s.015078">Quid ergo vellicat, quòd ei ad de<lb></lb>bilitandam declarationem non prodeſt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015079">103 Nugatur (vt ſolet) non enim eſt <lb></lb>mons, ſed collis erat, vbi lemnia terra effo<lb></lb>diebatur, non enim vllus lapis. </s> <s id="s.015080">Vnde dum <lb></lb>labefactare conatur, dicta noſtra confir<lb></lb>mat. </s> <s id="s.015081">Sic in quarta ſectione tot errores, <lb></lb>quot vt penè dixerim verba. </s> <s id="s.015082">Sed cui bo<lb></lb>no? </s> <s id="s.015083">Quod maximè faſtidit, eius ignorantiam <lb></lb>oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.015084"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> nihil grauius meo iudicio <expan abbr="dictũ">dictum</expan> <lb></lb>eſt eo in libro, quo fit vt illum corticem ſo<lb></lb>lùm & extimum quidem deguſtaſſe intel<lb></lb>ligam. </s> <s id="s.015085">Quòd ſi non admodum longa eſſet <lb></lb>interpretatio, & declarationes non paucæ <lb></lb>includerentur, ſubnecterem expoſitionem <lb></lb>illorum verborum, quæ vir prodigioſus <lb></lb>contemnit. </s> <s id="s.015086">At non defuturos ſpero, qui <lb></lb>nunc vel ſaltem admoniti ea interpretari <lb></lb>ſciant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015087">104 In Scotia deſunt arbores ob vim <lb></lb>verborum, non qualitatem: extirpantur enim <lb></lb>locis patulis, plura de hoc dixi aliàs, præ<lb></lb>ſentia non audita narrans. </s> <s id="s.015088">De ſubſtantia, Eu <lb></lb>bene ſit theſauro illi, per quem didicimus <lb></lb>apud Quintilianum, ſolidiſſimam cuiuſque <lb></lb>rei partem ſignificari? </s> <s id="s.015089">aliter periclitaremur <lb></lb>in pædagogio. </s> <s id="s.015090">In ſecunda ſectione, ſepia no<lb></lb>ſtra, vt fallat fallitur, ruditatémque ſuam <lb></lb>prodit, terra illa non pura eſt: cùm ſpolian<lb></lb>tur à cortice vetuſtate in fodinis, aut extra <lb></lb>illo carent. </s> <s id="s.015091">Si quis videat decorticatas arbo<lb></lb>res, cùm pleraſque videat cum cortice, an ar<lb></lb>bores cortice carere pronuntiabit? </s> <s id="s.015092">At hic <lb></lb>vir declarationibus prætermiſſis ſemper con<lb></lb>tradicit: ad eas nihil: at quomodo hic egre<lb></lb>gius Philoſophus naturam oblitam ſui mu<lb></lb>neris facit? </s> <s id="s.015093">quàm in omnibus operari per <expan abbr="in-ſtrumẽta">in<lb></lb>ſtrumenta</expan> poterat animaduertere? </s> <s id="s.015094">ſaltem à no<lb></lb>bis toties admonitus, cùm vult <expan abbr="vermẽ">vermen</expan> crea<lb></lb>re, ſedem quandam pinguem congerit, atque <lb></lb>ex ea folliculum, inde ouum, ita de plantis <lb></lb>at hic nobilis peripateticus parum (vt video) <lb></lb>in naturæ contemplatione, Galeníque eius <lb></lb>admiratoris libris verſatus, imò ne aduer<lb></lb>tent quidem ad ſui Ariſtotelis, quem tan<lb></lb>tum extollit, placita, ordinem illius vniuer<lb></lb>ſum oratione ſua ab ea ſuſtulit. </s> <s id="s.015095">In tertia ſe<lb></lb>ctione geminata aduerſatiua reprehendi ab <lb></lb>eo non poter at, qui duplici negatiua propo<lb></lb>ſitione, ſtatim in quarta etiam ſenſum elo<lb></lb>cutionis vitiat. </s> <s id="s.015096">At is Græcorum mos? </s> <s id="s.015097">Græci <lb></lb>non ſumus, ſed Latini. </s> <s id="s.015098">Hunc tamen ſenſum, <lb></lb>vt alios pleroſque attingere non potuit. </s> <s id="s.015099">Me<lb></lb>tallica omnia ſubſtantia terrea infrigidant <lb></lb>primùm, & durius reddunt: quæ tamen pin<lb></lb>guia ſunt, admodum ſucceſſu temporis emol<lb></lb>liunt, vt aſphaltum. </s> <s id="s.015100">Eratne tantum nego<lb></lb>tium intelligere? </s> <s id="s.015101">addidi & ſi ſicca, vt longè <lb></lb>plura paucis verbis continerem. </s> <s id="s.015102">In illa enim <lb></lb>orationis parte quam tranſcribit, prima fron<lb></lb>te ſeptem propoſitiones continentur, è qui<lb></lb>bus innumeras, imò totam fermè miſtorum <lb></lb>vim in corpora noſtra deducere licet. </s> <s id="s.015103">In <lb></lb>ſexta diuiſione me, quòd neſciuerim quid <lb></lb>eſſet alumen rochæ & liquidum, adeò tur<lb></lb>piter increpat <emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>cùm Vannotius Biringurius, <lb></lb>quem ſæpius adduco, hoc abundè declara<lb></lb>uerit, & Matthiolus: defendatur verò res <lb></lb>hæc à Braſauolo) vt maledicendi anſam præ<lb></lb>ripi voluiſſe videatur. </s> <s id="s.015104">Quid ſi dicam, liqui<lb></lb>dum vocatum, quòd dum conficitur, metal<lb></lb>lorum more liqueſcat, non vt ſciſſile, vel ro<lb></lb>tundum lapidea forma eruatur? </s> <s id="s.015105">Tamen mens <lb></lb>mea nunquam fuit hæc. </s> <s id="s.015106">Simile illud quod <lb></lb>non intelligit, ex quinta ſectione, argentum <lb></lb>ſubdulce eſt, iucundíque ſaporis. </s> <s id="s.015107">Melioris <lb></lb>etiam aurum: ſed non præſtat. </s> <s id="s.015108">At alibi de<lb></lb>claraui quomodo præſtet, & libri antea edi<lb></lb>ti erant. </s> <s id="s.015109">De bitumine & caphura ſatis in ſe<lb></lb>cunda editione, quantum oportuit dictum, <lb></lb>ſed de experimentis quæ adducuntur, neſcire <lb></lb>ſe ſimulat hic vir amuleta, non ſemper vi<lb></lb>res ſuas oſtendere, quandoquidem nec quæ <lb></lb>per os aſſumuntur. </s> <s id="s.015110">Experimenta etiam non <lb></lb>facta ſunt vt decebat, vel ipſo teſte à cani<lb></lb>bus, etiam ad homines argumentum non <lb></lb>valet. </s> <s id="s.015111">Certum eſt, quòd odor eius, vbi diu <lb></lb>afficiat hominem, ſitque magnus, multum <lb></lb>obeſt. </s> <s id="s.015112">Veneri, de attractione ſucci nuſquam <lb></lb>ſomniaui: feſtucam trahit vt alatur. </s> <s id="s.015113">Hæc <lb></lb>enim viuentium opera, ſed velut ripæ à tor<lb></lb>rentibus fit enim quidam æſtus. </s> <s id="s.015114">Non omnia <lb></lb>pinguia trahunt, quia non ignea. </s> <s id="s.015115">Aſpalatum <lb></lb>adeò ſanthalo reſpondet, & hoc ſuccedente <lb></lb>deſiit, vt ipſummet eſſe credamus: in Italia <lb></lb>arbos fuit parua, nunc cùm India omnia ſint <lb></lb>proceriora, & ex India noſtrum aduehatur, <lb></lb>nihil obeſſe magnitudinem huic ſententiæ <lb></lb>dixerim. </s> <s id="s.015116">De ſpinis manifeſtum eſt, arbores <lb></lb>pleraſque magnas, vbi in paruas degenera<lb></lb>uerint, ſpinoſas fieri. </s> <s id="s.015117">Species, odor, calor, vſus <lb></lb>conueniunt: cætera non diſcrepant. </s> <s id="s.015118">Quòd <lb></lb>ſi non eſſe affirmes, non litigabo. </s> <s id="s.015119">Cauſas <lb></lb>enim hic rerum quæ ſunt, aut quæ eſſe poſ<lb></lb>ſunt, oſtendere decreui. </s> <s id="s.015120">Vtrum autem hæc <lb></lb>ita ſint, non contendo, cùm quæ non ſunt, & <lb></lb>eſſe poſſunt alicubi, vel aliquando erunt: & <lb></lb>quæ ſunt alicubi etiam deſunt, aliquandó<lb></lb>que non erunt. </s> <s id="s.015121">Salem petræ gemmam vo<lb></lb>co, in Apulia effoditur lapidum aliorum <lb></lb>more, lucidus eſt, & accenditur vt fer<lb></lb>rum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015122">Sectione ſextadecima, facit natura aquam, <lb></lb>non ex abſynthio aquam: omnia natura ad <lb></lb>generationem ſui ſimilis prona ſunt, non ta<lb></lb>men generant, nec ſibi ſimile. </s> <s id="s.015123">Tribuit mihi <lb></lb>quòd velim Vſnen eſſe anthillidis genus: <lb></lb>quòd cùm non dicam ſuperfluum eſſe, exi<lb></lb>ſtimo ſi reſpondeam. </s> <s id="s.015124">Vbi ergo præteri<lb></lb>bo, ſciani lectores me ea, quæ arguit non <lb></lb>dixiſſe. </s> <s id="s.015125">In vigeſima ſectione, reprehendit, <lb></lb>quod ſe non intelligere fatetur: Duplex ca<lb></lb>lor. </s> <s id="s.015126">Nec meminit calorem actu, vbi ad ſum<lb></lb>mum peruenerit ignem eſſe, at hic ſurſum <lb></lb>fertur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015127">105 Argentum viuum cogitur ob con<lb></lb>trarium: omne alienum contrarium eſt. </s> <s id="s.015128">Sic<lb></lb>ca autem maximè, ideò pro exemplo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015129">106 In prima ſectione, charybdis tumul<lb></lb>tuoſa, confragoſa, periculoſa, neſcio quid <pb pagenum="692" xlink:href="016/01/339.jpg"></pb>magis demirer? </s> <s id="s.015130">Mercurio ſi non placet ele<lb></lb>ctrum, tribuatur hydrargyrium. </s> <s id="s.015131">In quinta <lb></lb>diuiſione, vult xyloaloen durum appellari, <lb></lb>cùm aurum molle eſſe referam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015132">In ſexta ſectione, ſepia perpetuò diſſimu<lb></lb>lat centies repetita, illam non eſſe veram <lb></lb>miſtionem, ſed ſolùm generatione fieri. </s> <s id="s.015133">In <lb></lb>palma abſurdus eſt, & ſupinam profert igno<lb></lb>rantiam: tres ſunt arbores vnà viuentes, vt <lb></lb>ſocij in eadem domo. </s> <s id="s.015134">Sed in hoc fauit natu<lb></lb>ra plantis: & hanc coniunctionem ille, non <lb></lb>animalia admittunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015135">110 Candidus colos nullus perſpicuus <lb></lb>ob nimiam lucem, quod aliis coloribus non <lb></lb>contingit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015136">111 Plinius non id dicit, quod ille præ<lb></lb>ſtabat. </s> <s id="s.015137">Sic ſemper miſcet, quæ non nouit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015138">112 Omnia extra propoſitum. </s> <s id="s.015139">Loquor <lb></lb>ego de actione, ille de inſtrumento: ego hi<lb></lb>ſtoriam quæ ſub oculis eſt affero, ille nugas <lb></lb>Democriti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015140">113 Summæ imperitiæ argumentum, tam <lb></lb>claram in fine primæ ſectionis ſententiam <lb></lb>interuertere. </s> <s id="s.015141">Hyacinthus vt amuletum pro<lb></lb>hibet, ne fulmen occidat, atque id genere <lb></lb>auxilium medicum dici poteſt, vt de Pazar <lb></lb>aduerſus venena, tantæ verò noxæ reſiſtere <lb></lb>miraculo proximum. </s> <s id="s.015142">In ſecunda ſectione, <lb></lb>quid garriat de rutilo, intelligere non poſ<lb></lb>ſum: rutilare longè aliud eſt, quàm rutilum <lb></lb>eſſe. </s> <s id="s.015143">Vergilius, arma dixit rutilare, id eſt, <lb></lb>ſplendere cum quodam motu, quod pauci <lb></lb>intellexerunt. </s> <s id="s.015144">Sic adamas, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015145">114 Pili craſſa, metalla tenui ſunt ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, nullum craſſum ſplendidum. </s> <s id="s.015146">Quid <lb></lb>hoc? </s> <s id="s.015147">De equo aliàs hoc experimentum do<lb></lb>cuimus, quòd ob nitorem, non ſplendorem <lb></lb>accidit. </s> <s id="s.015148">Et ſi puer naſcatur biceps, non pro<lb></lb>pter hoc hominum genus biceps eſſe dice<lb></lb>mus, Giraffam non vidit: ſunt enim macu<lb></lb>læ ferrugineæ, non purpureæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015149">115 Os non reſtituitur, quia durum & <lb></lb>termino comprehenſum, lapides in fodinis <lb></lb>cùm creſcere, & multùm, & breui ſpatio cer<lb></lb>tum ſit, quid litigat argutiunculis? </s> <s id="s.015150">Non <lb></lb>enim eam in fodina habent duritiem, quàm <lb></lb>extra ſiccati, neque à tam leui vi aguntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015151">116 De lapidibus cùm hæc ſcribebam <lb></lb>adduxi experimenta, quæ me mouerunt. </s> <s id="s.015152">Ve<lb></lb>rùm vt illa quoque acceſſerunt quæ nunc <lb></lb>dicam, haud dubius ſum ſcripſiſſe veriſſi<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.015153">Anno præterito cùm gemmam illam <lb></lb>ſomniatricem, ac vigilatricem, digito volu<lb></lb>ptatis cauſa indidiſſem, intra biduum effe<lb></lb>ctum eſt, vt aquam odire, ac metuere vide<lb></lb>rer, ſic vt biberem cum conatu. </s> <s id="s.015154">Bona fortu<lb></lb>na euenit, vt non antea per plures annos, <lb></lb>neque morſus eſſem à cane, neque canes tra<lb></lb>ctaſſem: nihilominus cùm vnde hoc mihi <lb></lb>eueniret hæſitarem, gemmæ recordatus, ſta<lb></lb>tim eam repoſui, & intra dimidium horæ <lb></lb>aſpectum aquæ, & potum, abſque vlla repu<lb></lb>gnantia admiſi, nec poſtea auſus ſum illam <lb></lb>digito imponere. </s> <s id="s.015155">At contra effigies illa Gal<lb></lb>bæ Imperatoris naturalis nigris lineis, in <lb></lb>Achate adeò mihi dulces ſomnos reddidit, <lb></lb>vt repueraſſiſſe videar: tantam autem ani<lb></lb>mi tranquillitatem adiecit, vt alius penè <lb></lb>factus ſim. </s> <s id="s.015156">De prudentia non dicam, ne me <lb></lb>ipſum laudare velle quis obiiciat, atque hæc <lb></lb>omnia menſium quatuor ſpatio. </s> <s id="s.015157">Quòd verò <lb></lb>odij theologorum meminerit, illum ſatis <lb></lb>noui qualis ſit, eos nondum ſum expertus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015158">Vnum ſat ſcio me hîc neminem, ex his in<lb></lb>fenſum inueniſſe, neque Lutetiæ: neque <lb></lb>ego quicquam feci, aut dixi, quo illos irrita<lb></lb>rem. </s> <s id="s.015159">Nunc forſan addita quædam ab alio <lb></lb>quopiam inter edendum me non ſolùm in<lb></lb>ſcio, ſed planè vbi ſciui ægrè ferente, forſan <lb></lb>poterunt illos extimulare: quæ ſi præuenero, <lb></lb>ſcio æquos me experturum. </s> <s id="s.015160">Ego enim ab <lb></lb>omni calumnia & maledicto, tum iurgio na<lb></lb>tura admodum ſum alienus, mitis ac placi<lb></lb>dus, & Muſarum alumnus. </s> <s id="s.015161">De ingenio au<lb></lb>tem quòd rapidiſſimum, fœliciſſimum, atque <lb></lb>incomparabile mihi eſſe ait? </s> <s id="s.015162">ſi ſeriò dicit, & <lb></lb>illi debeo, & mutuum maius accepiſſe cre<lb></lb>dam ſin ſecus, hæc magis conueniebant plu<lb></lb>ra de ſe pollicenti. </s> <s id="s.015163">At cur damnat iudicium, <lb></lb>ex quo tanta eſt orta fœlicitas in artis exer<lb></lb>citatione, quanta vlli mortalium vnquam? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015164">Sed poſtquam natura comparatum eſt, vt <lb></lb>velut in effigie vnuſquiſque alium melius, <lb></lb>quàm ſemetipſum per ſpeculum agnoſcat, <lb></lb>ſententiæ ſuæ de noſtro iudicio non repu<lb></lb>gno: multóque minus repugnabo, ſi eam <lb></lb>alicuius argumentis oſtenderit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015165">122 Quinque mihi obiicit, in hac exer<lb></lb>citatione, nec vlla grauior, aut verior accu<lb></lb>ſatio: primùm quòd lapidem in bufonis ca<lb></lb>pite <expan abbr="inuentũ">inuentum</expan> Chelonitem appelluuerim, cùm <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">χελώνε</foreign>, dubio procul teſtudinem ſignificet <lb></lb>id etiam maximi mei ſtuporis eſſet argu<lb></lb>mentum. </s> <s id="s.015166">Exiſtimabam apud Camillum <lb></lb>Leonardum legiſſe, & demirabar ſatis, non <lb></lb>tamen inueni: in tertia editione emendaue<lb></lb>ram: ſciebam immeritò ſic appellari: potius <lb></lb>Myoxoniten, vel Bathraconiten, vel Bathra<lb></lb>conitem à rana dixerim: nam bufo certè <lb></lb>ranæ genus eſt, apud omnes autores. </s> <s id="s.015167">Cur er<lb></lb>go nomen addamus ſpeciale, cum apud an<lb></lb>tiquos plus vſui eſſent noſtræ ranæ bufoni<lb></lb>bus, erant enim pariter omnes inuiſæ. </s> <s id="s.015168"><expan abbr="Itaq;">Itaque</expan> <lb></lb>excidiſſe quædam talia nominibus, dum re<lb></lb>bus ipſis acrius ſum intentus, fallente me<lb></lb>moria non nominum imperitia (nam dixiſ<lb></lb>ſem ſeu) gratulor mihi: vt melius imperi<lb></lb>tiam, & temeritatem meam accuſem, tan<lb></lb>tùm enim habeo, quantum in ſingula mo<lb></lb>menti accipio. </s> <s id="s.015169">Excuſaueram hoc in fine li<lb></lb>bri, & putabam debere ſatisfacere. </s> <s id="s.015170">Sed ille <lb></lb>nimis acer cenſuræ exactor eſt. </s> <s id="s.015171">Si tamen ter<lb></lb>tiam hanc editionem exſpectaſſet, pauca vt <lb></lb>exiſtimo, in hoc genere ei ſuperfuiſſent, nam <lb></lb>& longè plura in libris de Rerum Varietate <lb></lb>atque aliis quos caſtigare non potui. </s> <s id="s.015172">Prima <lb></lb>mihi fuit cura rerum, inde cauſarum, pòſt <lb></lb>nominum, inde ordinis, vltima ornatus. </s> <s id="s.015173">De <lb></lb>echeneide, dictum eſt in libro de Libris pro<lb></lb>priis, dum Rondellitius non accuſat: is cum <lb></lb>tuis libris editus eſt, ſed Lugduni. </s> <s id="s.015174">De techo<lb></lb>lito nonne præter Plinium vis verbi arridet: <lb></lb>nam <foreign lang="grc">τέκω</foreign> ſignificat conſumere, liquefacere, <lb></lb>mollire, at non propriè <foreign lang="grc">συντπίβω</foreign>, vel <foreign lang="grc">ἀγνύω</foreign><lb></lb>quod eſt frango. </s> <s id="s.015175">Vicit. </s> <s id="s.015176">In verbis, vbi plinium <lb></lb>non ſequi religio eſt, relinquit: in rebus ip<lb></lb>ſis & cauſis Grammaticum, quod propha<lb></lb>num eſt amplectitur: non enim tam amens <pb pagenum="693" xlink:href="016/01/340.jpg"></pb>ſum, vt in nominibus accuſem Plinium, qui <lb></lb>tantò propior fuit florentis Latinæ linguæ <lb></lb>ſeculo, & tunc adhuc ſcriberet cùm pro<lb></lb>nunciatio, tumipſe modus loquendi vige<lb></lb>rent, & apud Romanos multa quaſi nutu <lb></lb>ſignificarent, quæ nunc apud nos nullis <lb></lb>verborum circuitibus etiam poſſunt expli<lb></lb>cari. </s> <s id="s.015177">Quartum de Epiſtola puerili mea ma<lb></lb>nu ſcripta: magnum ſibi negocium, qui <lb></lb>etiam aliis ſcriptas epiſtolas examinet. </s> <s id="s.015178">Do<lb></lb>leo quòd non omni modo, vt velim, ſim puer <lb></lb>ætate, vt tantò diutius ſupereſſem morum <lb></lb>ſimplicitate, vt Deo placerem animæ pu<lb></lb>ritate ac lenitate, plura enim ac meliora <lb></lb>poſſent inſcribi. </s> <s id="s.015179">At tu vis vt ob hoc do<lb></lb>leam? </s> <s id="s.015180">Demum obiicis imperitiam Græcæ <lb></lb>linguæ, ſcriptáque in libro de Animi im<lb></lb>mortalitate contemnis, & culpas? </s> <s id="s.015181">iam ego <lb></lb>neque Græcas apud te, nec Latinas noui <lb></lb>literas? </s> <s id="s.015182">nec quicquam in philoſophia rectè <lb></lb>tradidi? </s> <s id="s.015183">ordinem nullum ſeruaui? </s> <s id="s.015184">ſit ita. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015185">Quid iam reſtat? </s> <s id="s.015186">ego Æſopus ero, nihil <lb></lb>prorſus ſciens, atque hoc propius certè ve<lb></lb>ro quàm velim, tu illius ſocius, qui om<lb></lb>nia ſciebat. </s> <s id="s.015187">Hæc pro argumentis illius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015188">125 Exiſtimat lapides in renibus eſſe <lb></lb>duros, vt extra? </s> <s id="s.015189">fallitur: dureſcunt, dum <lb></lb>prodeunt vt oua, at ſi qui duri ſint (qui pauci <lb></lb>ſunt) iam facti penè afferunt mortem, nec <lb></lb>ſoluuntur. </s> <s id="s.015190">Et ſi ſoluuntur, potius motu quàm <lb></lb>medicamento afferuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015191">126 Nugatur ſuo more, mollities cauſa <lb></lb>eſt, vt eſſe poſſit, quoniam remittat: facul<lb></lb>tas, quod ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015192">127 Tergum non eſt corium. </s> <s id="s.015193">Tergos co<lb></lb>rium eſt. </s> <s id="s.015194">In codice meo deeſt re: in ſuo adeſt <lb></lb>argumentum ignorantiæ cum temeritate in <lb></lb>ea diſciplina, in qua ſe coryphæum fecit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015195">128 Negat nigrum colligere colorem: <lb></lb>adducit exempla contra ſe, nam & gemma<lb></lb>rij hoc agunt, vt pulchriores videantur gem<lb></lb>mæ. </s> <s id="s.015196">Non tamen illa à metallo maculam, vt <lb></lb>Lydia eos valent contrahere, atque (vt ita <lb></lb>dicam) tradere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015197">139 Eandem in ſilice rationem ſignifi<lb></lb>cari ſecutus ſum, & eadem cauſa, quam in <lb></lb>arbuſto inferiùs, dum paucis interiectis de <lb></lb>illo loquar diffusè. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015198">130 Non nomina, genera diuido, & <lb></lb>propono: an cæcus, an immemor, qui me <lb></lb>ſcribat diuidentem in genera, nominum ra<lb></lb>tionem quærat? </s> <s id="s.015199">Alabandicus lapis niger eſt, <lb></lb>qui etiam in vitrum tranſit picturæ aptus, <lb></lb>nam recipit lituras albas. </s> <s id="s.015200">Præterea repoſui <lb></lb>in agro Veronenſi inſignes inueniri, & Fri<lb></lb>burgi cum figuris inſcriptis? </s> <s id="s.015201">an non eſt? </s> <s id="s.015202">vin<lb></lb>cat, ſatis fit nigrum eſſe atque alabandico, <lb></lb>quem Plinius deſcribit ſimilem: at non eſt, <lb></lb>cedo: nomine ergo carebit? </s> <s id="s.015203">Quid autem <lb></lb>vetat homines corpora appellare, ſic ſaxa <lb></lb>lapides. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015204">131 Herculeus lapis, ſi non depaſcitur <lb></lb>ferrum, ſeruatur affinitate illius, utque enim <lb></lb>habet dentes, ita & aër pabulum eſt homi<lb></lb>ni: transfertur enim etiam ad amorem, ſtu<lb></lb>dia, animum, vel Cicerone teſte. </s> <s id="s.015205">At ego <lb></lb>alimenta dixi. </s> <s id="s.015206">Sunt & alimenta imbrium, & <lb></lb>& vitiorum: </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015207">132 Si verba præcedentia non declara<lb></lb>rent, certè ambiguitas eſſet in ſenſu. </s> <s id="s.015208">Euo<lb></lb>cant ambo, attenuat, & diſſoluit ſarcopha<lb></lb>gus, nam de eo ſermo erat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015209">133 Pro antiqui, Romani ſcribi debuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015210">Verba Plinij ſunt lib. 17. cap. 8. etiam cæte<lb></lb>ræ ſaxo & cote poliuntur. </s> <s id="s.015211">Manifeſtum eſt <lb></lb>igitur ſmirim, Romanis fuiſſe ignotum. </s> <s id="s.015212">At <lb></lb>ex deſcriptione vix fieri poteſt, vt fuerit ob<lb></lb>ſidianus lapis. </s> <s id="s.015213">Quamuis ergo ſmiris Græcis <lb></lb>cognitus fuerit, Romanis non fuit. </s> <s id="s.015214">Ergo in <lb></lb>ipſis rebus fallitur callumniator, eóſque ac<lb></lb>cuſat de nomine, quòd manus ſcribentis vi<lb></lb>tio excipit, quodque apud neminem præter<lb></lb>eum animaduerſione dignum cenſetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015215">136 In ſecunda editione nutritur adamas <lb></lb>quoniam partes habet diſſimiles, è quibus, <lb></lb>quæ minùs ſunt perfectæ perficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.015216">Re<lb></lb>ſoluuntur etiam partes, non vt in nobis ſta<lb></lb>tim ob vitæ breuitatem, corporis magnitu<lb></lb>dinem, & mollitiem, ſed in lapidibus ſenſim <lb></lb>præparantur, modò ad perfectionem, eſtque <lb></lb>adoleſcentia lapidum: inde manent dum <lb></lb>conſiſtunt, inde fulgor, & nitor minuitur eis <lb></lb>ſeneſcentibus: longa temporum ſpatia id oc<lb></lb>culunt in vno, eodémque lapide, at in plu<lb></lb>ribus hæc deprehunduntur. </s> <s id="s.015217">Quòd ſi id in <lb></lb>mollioribus ſubſtantiæ lapidibus, & marga<lb></lb>ritis, quamuis hæc non viuant, deprehendi<lb></lb>tur, cur eſt vt in aliis hæſitemus? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015218">137 Me docet, gratias ago: nihil tamen <lb></lb>ſimile apud Ariſtotelem: ſed & ille, vt nos <lb></lb>ſpicilegium exercet, optima vel difficillima <lb></lb>proſequens, non omnia. </s> <s id="s.015219">Eſſet enim immen<lb></lb>ſæ eruditionis, qualem Ariſtoteles non ha<lb></lb>buit: nec ego multò minùs. </s> <s id="s.015220">At hunc, qui exi<lb></lb>ſtimat ſe omnia ſcire, cùm nil ſciat, quis exi<lb></lb>met è ſtultorum genere? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015221">136 Culpat <expan abbr="diuiſionẽ">diuiſionem</expan> in arborem <expan abbr="fruticẽ">fruticem</expan>, <lb></lb><expan abbr="ſuffruticẽ">ſuffruticem</expan>, herbam. </s> <s id="s.015222">Hîc <expan abbr="paululũ">paululum</expan> <expan abbr="immorãdum">immorandum</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015223">Tripliciter nos arguit: primùm de nomine: <lb></lb>nam ſuffruticem Latinum eſſe negat. </s> <s id="s.015224">Ergo <lb></lb>cùm fruticem ſciam eſſe Latinum, ſub præ<lb></lb>poſitione addita, vt ſuffuror, ſubniger, ſuffo<lb></lb>dio, ſuffero, non video cur Latina non ſit: <lb></lb>nam ſi ſeparata proferantur, nullum vitium <lb></lb>erit: non hoc eſt innouare, non etymon. </s> <s id="s.015225">Cre<lb></lb>do omni carere culpa coniunctionem Lati<lb></lb>narum vocum, quarum ſenſus etiam aptè <lb></lb>iunguntur. </s> <s id="s.015226">Deinde reprehendit ſuffruticis <lb></lb>interpretationem, quod ſpartum ſuffrutex ſit, <lb></lb>& tamen herbarum excedit magnitudinem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015227">At ego fruticem appello, qua ratione nunc <lb></lb>dicam. </s> <s id="s.015228">Obiicit enim tertiò non accipi hæc ſi<lb></lb>gnificata ab aliis authoribus. </s> <s id="s.015229">Quid ageret ſi <lb></lb>ſuffruticis nomen iam in vſu fuiſſet apud <lb></lb>Latinos? </s> <s id="s.015230">cum in nouo nomine vult nos te<lb></lb>neri, nec authoritate, nec ratione vlla: at <expan abbr="idẽ">idem</expan> <lb></lb>eſt ſuffrutex, & <foreign lang="grc">φρύγανον. </foreign></s> <s id="s.015231">Quis docet vox illa <lb></lb>apud Græcos potiùs ſtipulam, ſurculum, ſar<lb></lb>mentumque, ſi de proprietate verbi agen<lb></lb>dum eſt, quam virgultum, aut ſuffruticem ſi<lb></lb>gnificat. </s> <s id="s.015232">At Gaza ſic vertit? </s> <s id="s.015233">placuit, non im<lb></lb>probo: vſus eſt liberior, declaratio autem re<lb></lb>rum atque nexus non niſi vnus. </s> <s id="s.015234">Teneorne in<lb></lb>terpretatione Gazæ, etiamſi malè ille, qui <lb></lb>nullius hac in cauſa voto aſtrictus ſum? </s> <s id="s.015235">At <lb></lb>dicet, Quid? </s> <s id="s.015236">Audiat primùm cauſam, inde fi<lb></lb>nem, tum neceſſitatem. </s> <s id="s.015237">Cauſam <expan abbr="quidẽ">quidem</expan>, quòd <lb></lb>qui nomina inuenerunt, è vulgo erant, & <lb></lb>quaſi fortuito inuenta ſunt: an ergo putas illo <lb></lb>duriùs diuiſiſſe naturam rerum rectè ac dili-<pb pagenum="694" xlink:href="016/01/341.jpg"></pb>genter, ac illis nomina accommodaſſe, quod <lb></lb><expan abbr="neq;">neque</expan> norunt facere ſapientes? </s> <s id="s.015238">Si igitur ab illis <lb></lb>erratum eſt, an & nos errare docet cum illis? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015239">finem verò rei atque tractationis, vt diluci<lb></lb>dioris doctrinæ cauſa id fiat, quis culpabit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015240">Et maximè cùm quid intelligi volumus, de<lb></lb>claramus. </s> <s id="s.015241">At his omnibus neceſſitas ipſius <lb></lb>rei maior eſt: nam ſi hoc non faciamus? </s> <s id="s.015242">no<lb></lb>mina verò recipiamus ſub eiſdem ſignifican<lb></lb>tia, ſub quibus à veteribus accepta ſunt in <lb></lb>diuiſione: quædam ſub pluribus diuiſionis <lb></lb>membris continebuntur, quædam ſub nullis, <lb></lb>vt confuſio maxima ſucceſſura ſit, totáque <lb></lb>doctrina euertatur. </s> <s id="s.015243">Sin noua nomina ſuppo<lb></lb>nere voluerimus? </s> <s id="s.015244">barbara omninò ratio no<lb></lb>ſtra euadet. </s> <s id="s.015245">Sin (vt ipſe exiſtimo vellet) per <lb></lb>circuitus verborum res ipſæ oſtendantur, in <lb></lb>repetendo ſæpius, & prolixitas inutilis, <lb></lb>& obſcuritas atque perplexitas ſententiæ <lb></lb>euadet. </s> <s id="s.015246">An ergo res propter verba relinque<lb></lb>re decuit? </s> <s id="s.015247">Quin potiùs vt in exemplo nomi<lb></lb>num recta interpretatio præponenda fuit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015248">Inde liberè proſequi res ipſas, velut ſi dicas, <lb></lb>plantę aut <expan abbr="retinẽt">retinent</expan> ſtipitem, aut non: quæ non, <lb></lb>herbæ vocentur, quantumuis magnæ ſint, vt <lb></lb>cucurbita. </s> <s id="s.015249">Quæ retinent, ſi modum herbarum <lb></lb>communem non excedant, vocentur ſuffru<lb></lb>tices, ſi plurimùm creſcant arbores: quæ <lb></lb>mediæ, frutices, aut arbuſta. </s> <s id="s.015250">Hic quid vi<lb></lb>des abſurdum, aut confuſum, vel obſcurum? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015251">Ita vbi opus fuit huiuſmodi diuiſionibus <lb></lb>nullum alium, qui ſatisfaceret modum, <lb></lb>præter hunc inuenire potuimus. </s> <s id="s.015252">In quo ta<lb></lb>men non obiter nos geſſimus, ſed quatuor <lb></lb>ſeruatis conditionibus, quas ille contradi<lb></lb>cendi ſtudio cæcus non animaduertit. </s> <s id="s.015253">Nam <lb></lb>non niſi in principalibus generationibus di<lb></lb>uidendis, maximiſque & Latinis ſumptis <lb></lb>nominibus, atque ab eo ſignificato minimè <lb></lb>abhorrentibus, & propoſita illorum expli<lb></lb>catione: quas qui ſeruauerit, tutò id faciat, <lb></lb>per me licebit. </s> <s id="s.015254">Inde adducit difficultates ex <lb></lb>aizoo, ſaluia, philitide. </s> <s id="s.015255">Caulem hîc accipio <lb></lb>pro ea parte plantæ, ex qua racematim fun<lb></lb>duntur folia vt in fœniculo, anethóque: vt<lb></lb>que à cauliculo, pediculóve diſtinguuntur, <lb></lb>quæ nemo neſcit omnibus fermè herbis <lb></lb>etiam philitidi ineſſe, neſcio quomodo ne<lb></lb>get. </s> <s id="s.015256">Itaque decuit illum paulò accuratiùs <lb></lb>rem tractare, nam quod dicat faſtidium me <lb></lb>parere, lectores reprehenſionibus his non <lb></lb>minùs tædio afficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.015257">Nam & inconſide<lb></lb>ratè legit, & peruersè interpretatur, & futi<lb></lb>lè arguit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015258">140 Sic & ille truncus, eſt ſtipes detrun<lb></lb>catus: truncus intelligitur, cui rami inerant, <lb></lb>non ſtipes, ſed minor eſt ac gracilior: de re <lb></lb>conſtat, hic nomina habent exquiſitiora: <lb></lb>laudo, nos conſuluimus breuitati. </s> <s id="s.015259">Sic & il<lb></lb>lud plantæ quædam vrbanæ, id eſt, quæ cul<lb></lb>tu gaudent: nam & frumentum eſt? </s> <s id="s.015260">attamen <lb></lb>in agris naſcitur, & ſpontè etiam, ſed rarò. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015261">Atque hoc diſcrimen cur non approbat, <lb></lb>quod Theophraſti eſt, Hipponémque repre<lb></lb>hendit. </s> <s id="s.015262">Triticum vix in Scotia prouenit, <lb></lb>nam ibi fui: non nego aliqua in parte ob ſi<lb></lb>tum aliquid naſci. </s> <s id="s.015263">Acorum, & Iridem ne<lb></lb>mo numerat inter aromata, ſi non magis <lb></lb>cyperum. </s> <s id="s.015264">Denique illud de pericarpio non <lb></lb>animaduertit, fructum putat eſſe fœtum (vi<lb></lb>(vide ſtuporem hominis) non plantam, quæ <lb></lb>gignitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015265">141 De Iacea quomodo cinamono aſſi<lb></lb>miletur odore non intelligo: nam ſi per Ia<lb></lb>ceam vulgarem noſtram, ſeu purpuream vio<lb></lb>lam intelligit, ita lupum cum cuniculo pote<lb></lb>rat comparare, tum maximè, quia de radice <lb></lb>loquitur. </s> <s id="s.015266">Iaciæ hoc genus quod Latina vox <lb></lb>non ſit, nec Græca, niſi iaciam pro Ia intel<lb></lb>ligamus, nullus claſſicus author agnoſcit. </s> <s id="s.015267">Sed <lb></lb>ipſe ſibi habeat, poſtquam gloriatur de re<lb></lb>bus contentioſis. </s> <s id="s.015268">Eſſe enim radicem, quæ ci<lb></lb>namomum oleat, illi credo: veridicum enim <lb></lb>exiſtimo, ſed Dioſcoridi notam nego. </s> <s id="s.015269">Ad rem <lb></lb>ſemper flos eſt radice odoratior: hîc non di<lb></lb>co, ſed non ſemper radix flore. </s> <s id="s.015270">Sic & ille <lb></lb>error non tolerandus, cùm charæophillon <lb></lb>vult eſſe florem eum, qui <foreign lang="grc">φλὸξ</foreign> Græcè vocatur <lb></lb>Theophraſto, & Plinio lib. 6. c. 6. <expan abbr="affirmãtibus">affirmantibus</expan> <lb></lb>odore illum carere, cùm noſter, ob id nomen <lb></lb>adeptus ſit, quòd oleat ſuauiſſimè. </s> <s id="s.015271">Benè ſit <lb></lb>autem huic viro, qui dialecticus, ſophiſta, <lb></lb>rhetor, Philoſophus, theologus, grammati<lb></lb>cus, aretalogus, Græcus, pædagogus, mathe<lb></lb>maticus, denique minus eſt, quid faciam huic <lb></lb>Proteo? </s> <s id="s.015272">qui nouit quid etiam mortui dictu<lb></lb>ri ſint: at tantùm abeſt, vt de Leoniceno <lb></lb>maledixerim, vt etiam ipſum in Medicinæ <lb></lb>encomio laudauerim. </s> <s id="s.015273">De ſiliquaſtro ſecutus <lb></lb>ſum Fuchſium, non quòd aliud non ſignifi<lb></lb>cet hoc nomen, ſed quòd ei, cui nomen hoc <lb></lb>imponebatur, nullum aliud nomen eſſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015274">Splendorem eximium, & maximè cum pur<lb></lb>pureo aut fuſco colore, nulli plantæ, aut fru<lb></lb>ctui ineſſe, citra veneni participationem <lb></lb>animaduerti, ratioque id docet, ideò non te<lb></lb>merè dictum, immaturum acrius, quia mi<lb></lb>nus concoctum. </s> <s id="s.015275">Semper enim inter eiuſdem <lb></lb>generis rem comparatio fieri debet, aliter ef<lb></lb>ficax argumentum haud præbet, quod ipſe <lb></lb>minimè obſeruat vllibi, vnde fallitur. </s> <s id="s.015276">Acria <lb></lb>enim humida quædam ſunt, & ea maturitate <lb></lb>miteſcunt veluti temperatiora. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015277">142. Multa de graui odore nugatur extra <lb></lb>propoſitum. </s> <s id="s.015278">Debuerat videre, quid per gra<lb></lb>uem odorem intelligam, & nihil ei ſuper<lb></lb>fuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.015279">De colore intelligimus herbarum, non <lb></lb>lignorum radicum aut fructuum, fatiſque <lb></lb>fuit exemplis ipſis declaraſſe: nam quæ ſuc<lb></lb>cum non viridem progignunt, vt dictæ, & <lb></lb>chelidonia, omnes venenoſæ qualitatis ſunt <lb></lb>participes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015280">143 Inſcitiæ non prima argumenta pro<lb></lb>dit, dum nec tam claram intelligit declara<lb></lb>tionem de ligni ſitu. </s> <s id="s.015281">Cæterum fallitur in <lb></lb>cauſæ redditione. </s> <s id="s.015282">De veſica neque ſcit argu<lb></lb>mentis reſpondere, nam terra obruta non aſ<lb></lb>cendit, ſed argumento ſuo ſe conficit. </s> <s id="s.015283">Ratio <lb></lb>autem ſua peccat, quia portio aquæ, quæ <lb></lb>ſubeſt pilæ æneæ, non eſt grauior ſpecie aë<lb></lb>re, ſed leuior, licet pondere poſſit eſſe ſecùs. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015284">Indicio etiam eſt, quod vbique aqua ſubit <lb></lb>leuiora, vt aër etiam ſub ipſa terra manet, <lb></lb>quantò magis ſub aqua, quæ leuior eſt terra, <lb></lb>manere deberet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015285">148 Dicit perire metamorphoſin piperis <lb></lb>in hæderam, quòd pediculis, quibus anne<lb></lb>ctatur piper careat? </s> <s id="s.015286">oblitus eſt tantus Phi<lb></lb>loſophus ſapientiæ naturæ, quæ omnibus <lb></lb>ſerpentibus plantis aliquid addidit, quo <pb pagenum="695" xlink:href="016/01/342.jpg"></pb>poſſent necti: nam hædera pediculis, vitis <lb></lb>& cucurbita capreolis ſerpunt. </s> <s id="s.015287">Si igitur ve<lb></lb>riſimilia ſcribere conceſſum illi fuiſſet, ca<lb></lb>preolorum meminiſſe debuerat. </s> <s id="s.015288">Sic quòd di<lb></lb>cat, cubebas eſſe garyophyllon Plinij, errat: <lb></lb>dicit enim ille pipere ſemen grandius, quod <lb></lb>aduehitur odoris gratia. </s> <s id="s.015289">Sed errores ſuos <lb></lb>animaduertere non propoſui, ſunt enim pe<lb></lb>nè infiniti. </s> <s id="s.015290">Quod de Dioſcoride obiicit: iam <lb></lb>in tertia editione emendaueram: imper<lb></lb>fectus enim ſermo non iniquus. </s> <s id="s.015291">Sed hic ſui <lb></lb>Encomiaſtes vbi didicit ſic loqui? </s> <s id="s.015292">Seuera, ſa<lb></lb>piens, lenis, moderata caſtigatio. </s> <s id="s.015293">Profectò <lb></lb>ſi aliquis Academicus Italus reſciuerit, eum <lb></lb>pro Pædagogo in Comœdia ſubiiciet, etiam <lb></lb>ſuis ipſis verbis interpoſitis: neque enim <lb></lb>aliud vel omnium iudicio ſapere poſſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015294">Ita magno illo Fato meo, quod ſæpè teſta<lb></lb>tus ſum, vt quicunque nos calumniæ cuiuſ<lb></lb>piam inſimulant, in eodem genere ibidem <lb></lb>grauius longè peccaſſe deprehendantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015295">150 Purpureum Dioſcoridis, cæruleum <lb></lb>inter colores eſſe docui, vt à cœli ſimilitudi<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.015296">Res docet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015297">152 Fatetur ſine cruciatu, Theophra<lb></lb>ſtúſque citatur teſtis contrariæ ſententiæ <lb></lb>lib. 9. cap. 17. vt videatur non ſolùm me, <lb></lb>ſed & Lectores ipſos deſpicere, & irri<lb></lb>dere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015298">153. Sepia noſtra confundit. </s> <s id="s.015299">A putrido <lb></lb>calore nihil generatur: poteſt autem pars <lb></lb>putrida ſimul generari, & velut calida pars <lb></lb>in roſa odorem gignit. </s> <s id="s.015300">Et rurſus ab eo, quod <lb></lb>putredine reſecatur, vt vermes. </s> <s id="s.015301">In ſecunda <lb></lb>ſectione, deprehendens virum peruersè age<lb></lb>re, vt etiam in reliquis de eo facias iudicium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015302">Voluit enim videri ab ipſo ſurrepta, quæ <lb></lb>ille à me ſuſtulit. </s> <s id="s.015303">In ſecunda enim editione <lb></lb>quæ ante librum ſuum triennio fermè excu<lb></lb>ſa eſt, cùm totam hiſtoriam ac diſcrimen in<lb></lb>ter has plantas planè enarrem, quid poteſt <lb></lb>fieri impudentius? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015304">De Sparto videram quantum à geniſta <lb></lb>differret apud Matthiolum, & tamen vera <lb></lb>fateor, oblitus eram emendare. </s> <s id="s.015305">In tertia edi<lb></lb>tione, nunc reuocato in memoriam errore, <lb></lb>emendaui: ita nullus liber tam malus eſt, <lb></lb>quin ex eo aliquid vtilitatis ab amotoribus <lb></lb>veritatis ſubtrahere liceat. </s> <s id="s.015306">Sed ibidem & <lb></lb>ipſe maiore ignorantiæ, & obliuionis lapſu <lb></lb>decidit, fato (vt dixi) calumniatorum meorum <lb></lb>non vulgari. </s> <s id="s.015307">Cùm enim Pazar lapidem dicat, <lb></lb>noluiſſe inter lapides recenſere, non memi<lb></lb>nit tamen illum eſſe, quem in centeſima <lb></lb>duodecima exercitatione delineauit: ſeu lapis <lb></lb>ſit, ſeu Cerui lachryma. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015308">160 Nugas agit meras, niſi cum vena<lb></lb>rum apertione agit, ſunt enim vera, & ex<lb></lb>perta, & ratione conuenientia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015309">192 Non eſt Napellus, Toxium illud: <lb></lb>iam à Taxo diſtinxeramus in tertia emen<lb></lb>datione. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015310">167 Platanos plures vidi Edinburgi, at<lb></lb>que duplici miraculo, quòd vbi nullæ fer<lb></lb>mè ſunt arbores, ibi rariſſima ſit frequens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015311">Et quæ cœlo feruenti, & iuxta aquas vi<lb></lb>uere ſolet, quaſi tranſuolauerit, & ad Scy<lb></lb>thicas regiones peruenerit. </s> <s id="s.015312">Singularis autem <lb></lb>forma efficit, ne falli potuerim, nam vi<lb></lb>deas plandam vitiferam, aut vitem planè <lb></lb>arborem, & erectam. </s> <s id="s.015313">Cæterùm quod ma<lb></lb>gis mireris: ne vnum quidem arboris genus <lb></lb>aliud ibi vidiſſe me memini: propè autem <lb></lb>aliquot prunorum. </s> <s id="s.015314">Nugas Gręcorum, quibus <lb></lb>credidit Theophraſtus, non ſemel aut rarò <lb></lb>perperàm Theaphraſti appellauit. </s> <s id="s.015315">Nam & <lb></lb>in 170. quæ accuſat, ſumpta ſunt ex illius <lb></lb>autoritate in primo, cap. 16. de hiſtoria <lb></lb>Plantarum, cuius verba ac ſententiam non <lb></lb>ego, ſed calumniator, dum mea eſſe putat, <lb></lb>irridet. </s> <s id="s.015316">Minutiora de Dracone prætereo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015317">171 Fruticem non ſic intelligo, cùm <lb></lb>neque cucurbitam: nam à vita, non magni<lb></lb>tudine appello. </s> <s id="s.015318">Nec moderari ſignificata <lb></lb>abſurdum, cùm ipſi veteres in eis conue<lb></lb>niant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015319">172 Nugas agit: nam neque quod im<lb></lb>ponit, dixi: neque ſi dixiſſem, ſufficienter <lb></lb>reprobat. </s> <s id="s.015320">Ita me Superi ament, vt magis <lb></lb>me fatigat perperàm accuſando, quàm ſi <lb></lb>rectè contradiceret. </s> <s id="s.015321">Illud præterea intole<lb></lb>randum, quod quæ in ſecunda editione <lb></lb>emendata ſunt, quæque vt ipſe poſſet ar<lb></lb>guere, à me didicit: peſſimus hic, tanquam <lb></lb>extent, redarguit, vt qui legant, putent me <lb></lb>illius monitu commutaſſe: ita duplici dolo <lb></lb>nos præuertere nititur: nam non vidiſſe ſe<lb></lb>cundam editionem, cùm ipſe iam conſultò, <lb></lb>vt intellexit me iterum velle edere, trien<lb></lb>nio hunc librum ſuppreſſerit, veriſimile <lb></lb>omninò non eſt. </s> <s id="s.015322">Hinc illæ impudentis ex<lb></lb>clamationes, quid acturus eſſet, ſi erraſſem? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015323">nunc cùm adeò exclamet ſine errore, indi<lb></lb>cium eſt manifeſtum, me nullibi, vel mini<lb></lb>mo lapſu aberraſſe. </s> <s id="s.015324">Sed tamen hic vir pro<lb></lb>fectò eſt egregiè malus. </s> <s id="s.015325">De Lithoſpermo <lb></lb>accuſet priùs Plinium, quàm me, quem ta<lb></lb>men adeò collaudat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015326">173 Licet cauum euadat ex aduerſo cur<lb></lb>uum, at pondus non trahit ad ſe, vt ignis: <lb></lb>non contendam rationem meam eſſe decla<lb></lb>ratiuam: ſed neque ipſe ſufficienter reprobat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015327">Eſt autem officium boni accuſatoris, aut re<lb></lb>probare ſufficienter, aut longè veriſimilio<lb></lb>rem cauſam aſſignare. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015328">176 Plus eſt humidi in folio Perſici, quàm <lb></lb>in fructu: primùm aquei, nam & in fructu <lb></lb>dum eſt aqueus, vt omnes fructus, vireſ<lb></lb>cit. </s> <s id="s.015329">Deinde quia hoc concoquitur, indies <lb></lb>illud exhalat, & reponitur aliud eius loco: <lb></lb>quòd ſi non protinùs exareſcit, & fit fo<lb></lb>lium flauum: vides hominis ruditatem na<lb></lb>tiuam, aut voluntariam. </s> <s id="s.015330">Nullam eſt folium <lb></lb>plantæ, quod non exceperit quadruplo plus <lb></lb>humidi ab initio ad caſum, quàm ponderet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015331">In ſecunda ſectione, euenit id ei, quod Auer<lb></lb>roes de Moſe (ſed ei licuit) dicebat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015332">177 Non minùs nugatur in hac: ſed de <lb></lb>arundine cùm careat matrice, non ſolida <lb></lb>eſt: quantò enim inanior, eò magis caret <lb></lb>lachryma, ita comprobat dum repræhendit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015333">De Sambuco, quantitate abundat matrice, <lb></lb>ſubſtantia autem media eſt. </s> <s id="s.015334">In quinta ſe<lb></lb>ctione, obiicit nobis lactucam, adiantum, <lb></lb>aliáſque plantas, rationem finis, quod non <lb></lb>vt in animalibus ad operationem inſtituta <lb></lb>videantur, quare nec certo numero? </s> <s id="s.015335">Cur <lb></lb>ergo pentaphyllon, & trifolium, atque aliæ <pb pagenum="696" xlink:href="016/01/343.jpg"></pb>plures? </s> <s id="s.015336">Quod ad experimentum, dicimus <lb></lb>rationem numeri in perfectis ſtare, & eſſe <lb></lb>exquiſitiſſimam: in nonnullis eſſe circum<lb></lb>ſcriptam, vt in canum geſtatione, nec ſic <lb></lb>ſolùm, ſed & præter id, quod intra certos <lb></lb>numeros incertis etiam numeris ſit, qui va<lb></lb>riant ob varietatem ſpecierum in eodem ge<lb></lb>nere. </s> <s id="s.015337">Sicut videmus de caulibus capitatis, <lb></lb>& braſſica, & crambe, idem de lactucis, at<lb></lb>que aliis: terra enim, & cœlum non euicta <lb></lb>mutant hanc rationem. </s> <s id="s.015338">Rectè plures dixi, <lb></lb>non duos: nam in eadem planta plurimùm <lb></lb>maſculorum, aut fœminarum, aut vtrimque <lb></lb>ſexus vis, & ſubſtantia ineſt, quod facilè ex <lb></lb>verbis ſequentibus poterat intelligere: at <lb></lb>ipſe Grammaticum purum agit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015339">Simili ruditate reprehendit ea, de quibus <lb></lb>reprehendi meretur, quòd <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> intellexit <expan abbr="aridũ">aridum</expan> <lb></lb>comparatiuè dici, tametſi pingue, quæ vni<lb></lb>cum tantùm emittit folium. </s> <s id="s.015340">De ſtipite li<lb></lb>tigat pediculus ſi magnitudine, eſſentia ſti<lb></lb>pes eſt, quod pars principalis ſit plaitæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015341">Decet autem in hac tractatione, quæ ad <lb></lb>eſſentiam pertinent, præponere caſibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015342">Pingue ſiccum admiratur: lignum ſanctum <lb></lb>reſinacea omnia ſiccant, & ſeriò ardent, <lb></lb>nutriúntque. </s> <s id="s.015343">Elleboro non ſunt plura folia? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015344">ſit ita, ſit vnum in plura diuiſum, nihil <lb></lb>ad declarationem meam. </s> <s id="s.015345">In quinta ſectio<lb></lb>ne opponit myrtum & laurum, hæ diuer<lb></lb>ſis locis ac regionibus, & quocunque anni <lb></lb>tempore fructum habere poſſunt, non ta<lb></lb>men ſemper, & vbique habent: deficiun<lb></lb>tur, vt pleraque natura cœli, & Soli. </s> <s id="s.015346">In <lb></lb>lauro Alexandrina ſtat ratio generalis, cui <lb></lb>ad iicitur, vt plerumque naturæ Prouidentia <lb></lb>fieri ſolet, alia vtilitas, ſubſternatur, & <lb></lb>fulciat, ſed quod ſubſternitur ei, cui ſubſter<lb></lb>nitur, non eſt tutelæ, ſed alij: folia enim fru<lb></lb>ctibus, non hoc folium huic fructui à natu<lb></lb>ra munimento creatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015347">180 De tuberibus ea me dicentem indu<lb></lb>cit, vt ex niuibus ſcilicet generentur, quæ <lb></lb>non dico. </s> <s id="s.015348">Apud nos niues ob collectionem <lb></lb>caloris ad eorum faciunt generationem: vbi <lb></lb>alibi ſolùm calidius eſt, vel natura, vel ob <lb></lb>cœlum, non ſunt neceſſariæ. </s> <s id="s.015349">In ſecunda <lb></lb>ſectione, paululùm cogor inuitus immora<lb></lb>ri. </s> <s id="s.015350">Omitto quod in ſecunda editione, im<lb></lb>mutata ſint verba illa, quod neque fideliter <lb></lb>recitet ipſa primæ editionis: videamus, quid <lb></lb>tamen abſurdum contineant, vt adeò ſto<lb></lb>machetur? </s> <s id="s.015351">fungi non ardent, quoniam pu<lb></lb>tredo ceſſat, quæ via eſt ad ignem: lauri <lb></lb>folia ardent celerrimè, quia præterid, quod <lb></lb>putridi quippiam continent, ſicca etiam <lb></lb>ſunt: in fungis enim adhuc humidum aqueum <lb></lb>continetur, quod eos ardere, prohibet. </s> <s id="s.015352">Quæ <lb></lb>hic contradictio etiam tranſlatis verbis fuit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015353">non tamen velim ſic interpretari: ſecunda <lb></lb>enim editio clara eſt: at hæc interpretatio <lb></lb>eſt verborum ſuorum, quæ ille mihi velim, <lb></lb>nolimve tribuit. </s> <s id="s.015354">Hinc tot ineptiæ: nam cum <lb></lb>omnia adhuc reprehenſione carerent, addi<lb></lb>dit tamen de ſuo. </s> <s id="s.015355">Putrida non ardent, quia <lb></lb>iam putredo ceſſat. </s> <s id="s.015356">Vbi hoc in vllo codice <lb></lb>meo? </s> <s id="s.015357">at per alia, id eſt, tubera, & fungi putri<lb></lb>da, exponit, pulchrum expoſitorem, cùm pu<lb></lb>tridorum anteà <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> meminerim. </s> <s id="s.015358">Duos hic la<lb></lb>pis molaris, vt honeſtiore nomine vtar, inſi<lb></lb>gnes errores etiam præter abſurdam inter<lb></lb>pretationem admittit: primùm quod idem pu<lb></lb>tat eſſe putreſcere, & per putredinem gene<lb></lb>rari, cùm putredo ſit ſolùm corruptio, & nul<lb></lb>la corruptio eſt generatio, niſi in elementis: <lb></lb>ſed ex re facta per putredinem tanquam pu<lb></lb>tredine materiam, & alimentum ſubmini<lb></lb>ſtrante multa generantur, præcipuè vermes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015359">Alterum, quod putat putridum eſſe aliquid, <lb></lb>quod conſtet, cum ſit ſolùm in motu, ſicut <lb></lb>& mors: quod enim putreſcit, non eſt putri<lb></lb>dum, ſicut dicebat Plato rectè de morte, quod <lb></lb>neque ad viuentes, neque ad mortuos perti<lb></lb>neret: ita putridum nihil eſt, ſed quod putreſ<lb></lb>cit: nunquam enim vbi à calore præter natu<lb></lb>ram euictum eſt, ceſſat, aut in <expan abbr="eodẽ">eodem</expan> ſtatu ma<lb></lb>net: vt neque quæ ardent: par enim ratio eſt <lb></lb>vtrorumque ad vnguem. </s> <s id="s.015360">Sic denuò vt canis <lb></lb>ad vomitum ad idem redit. </s> <s id="s.015361">Putrida cùm pu<lb></lb>tredo abiit, non ardent. </s> <s id="s.015362">Hæc enim nihil re<lb></lb>pugnans continent: ſicut quæ ardent, cùm ar<lb></lb>ſerint non amplius vrunt: imò eſt quaſi pro<lb></lb>poſitio neceſſaria, quam ipſe adeò vt repu<lb></lb>gnantia continentem admiratur, & repre<lb></lb>hendit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015363">Sed tamen neque hoc dixi, neque <expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan> eſt, <lb></lb><expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> ob rationem ſcilicet, quod putrida poſt<lb></lb>quam putruerint, pingue humidum flammæ <lb></lb><expan abbr="idoneũ">idoneum</expan> generant. </s> <s id="s.015364">Quid cur non adhuc in con<lb></lb>tradictionem me adducit vir rudior boue, qui <lb></lb>dum verba curioſius, ſuóque peculiari more <lb></lb>ſectatur, <expan abbr="omnẽ">omnem</expan> rerum ſenſum amittit. </s> <s id="s.015365">Ita ho<lb></lb>mo iſte, dum ſibi ſapit, nil ſapit. </s> <s id="s.015366">Sed vnde illa <lb></lb>reſtis ſcutica aduerſus hominem, a quo nihil <lb></lb>mali audiuit, aut accepit? </s> <s id="s.015367">ſed ſunt ignorantiæ <lb></lb>ſuæ velamenta contra <expan abbr="hominẽ">hominem</expan>, qui etſi erraſ<lb></lb>ſet non tamen flagris, nec ſuſpendio dignus <lb></lb>ob id erat. </s> <s id="s.015368"><expan abbr="Vitã">Vitam</expan> oportet eſſe flagitioſam, quæ <lb></lb>hæc mereatur? </s> <s id="s.015369">ſed <expan abbr="sũt">sunt</expan> animi ſui improbiſſimi <lb></lb>& ſtultiſſimi indicia: qui cùm non intelligat, <lb></lb>damnat, & <expan abbr="tãquam">tanquam</expan> iam damnatis maledicit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015370">Nec hic multùm abſimilis alteri Grammati<lb></lb>co videtur, qui cùm Campani expoſitionem <lb></lb>in Euclidis elementa non intelligeret, totas <lb></lb>paginas, tranſuerſis ductis lineis obliterabat, <lb></lb>ſtultum inſuper eum appellans, cum ipſe di<lb></lb>gnus eſſet vinculis, & elleboro. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015371">181 Reprehendit præterea, quod <expan abbr="Ganabatũ">Ganabatum</expan> <lb></lb>aliò tranſtulerim, nec videt ipſum, non me or<lb></lb>dinem corrumpere Exiſtimat etiam me reli<lb></lb>quiſſe multa neceſſaria, <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <expan abbr="oſtẽdat">oſtendat</expan> ex hoc <expan abbr="finẽ">finem</expan> <lb></lb>propoſitum libri noſtri omninò ignorare: is <lb></lb>erat vt rationes rerum omnium, <expan abbr="quantũ">quantum</expan> fieri <lb></lb>poſſet, explicarem, exemplis ſingulis tantum <lb></lb>in <expan abbr="vnoquoq;">vnoquoque</expan> genere propoſitis. </s> <s id="s.015372">Neque enim <lb></lb>vel ſaltem nunc duo maximi libri Italica lin<lb></lb>gua ſcripti, Indicarum rerum deſunt: & tunc <lb></lb><expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> Hiſpanicæ nauigationes (<expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> linguam <lb></lb>fermè, vt Italicam teneo) nec tamen in tertia <lb></lb>editione aliquid ex his ſum additurus: <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> quia <lb></lb>occulatam fidem non <expan abbr="aliorũ">aliorum</expan>, qui viderint te<lb></lb>ſtimonia repoſco, tum quia ſunt <expan abbr="propemodũ">propemodum</expan> <lb></lb>infinita. </s> <s id="s.015373">Quid hoc eſſet aliud, quàm benè ſcri<lb></lb>pta ab aliis, malè in meos libros, & ineptè <lb></lb>tranſtuliſſe? </s> <s id="s.015374">Quærimus noua <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan> genera, vt ex <lb></lb>his ſubtiliores rationes inueniamus. </s> <s id="s.015375">Similiter <lb></lb>& illud in deſcriptione Mamæi non animad<lb></lb>uertit, ferrugineum colorem eundem eſſe, qui <lb></lb>& ruber ab eo appellatur: non <expan abbr="ſolũ">ſolum</expan> quòd ego <lb></lb>aliam teſtatus ſim, velle me claritatis cauſa <lb></lb>ſequi rationem nominandorum <expan abbr="colorũ">colorum</expan> (quod <lb></lb>& præſtiti diffuſius à rerum ſimilitudine illos <pb pagenum="697" xlink:href="016/01/344.jpg"></pb>appellans) ſed quòd ferrugineus, à ferreo lon<lb></lb>gè colos alius ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015376">In eadem appellat frigidas ſubtilitates, ſi<lb></lb>cut antea admiratur, quomodo his artebus <lb></lb>quaſi fallacibus, & per obſcuritatem ſolam <lb></lb>quæſitis, nomen inuentoris Subtilitatum <lb></lb>non pudeat ſuſtinere? </s> <s id="s.015377">Iſta produnt maligni<lb></lb>tatem animi ſui, atque inuidentiam maxi<lb></lb>mam, in quibus neque probat, quod obiicit: <lb></lb>quòd & ſi ab eo probaretur, adhuc nihil eo<lb></lb>rum, quæ obiicit, obtineret. </s> <s id="s.015378">Primum quas il<lb></lb>le frigidas vocat ſubtilitates, tales ſunt, vt <lb></lb>neque ipſe intelligere potuerit, nec ego au<lb></lb>ſus ſim explicare: ſcilicet rationem genera<lb></lb>lem optimi panis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015379">Deinde ſi obſcura ſunt, quare repræhendit, <lb></lb>quæ non intelligit, ſi intelligit quomodo ob<lb></lb>ſcura? </s> <s id="s.015380">Deinde cur maxima pars eorum, quæ <lb></lb>maioris ſunt momenti ab eo intacta eſt? </s> <s id="s.015381">An <lb></lb><expan abbr="aliorũ">aliorum</expan> ingenia ſuo metitur? </s> <s id="s.015382">an in aliis libris <lb></lb>nihil eſt prorſus ſubtile, ſed omnia craſſa (vt <lb></lb>aiunt) Minerua ex æquo conſcripta ſunt? </s> <s id="s.015383">an <lb></lb>aliqua ſunt, quæ prorſus non intelligit? </s> <s id="s.015384">Si <lb></lb>omnia adeò obtuſa ſunt, cur tantum labora<lb></lb>uit? </s> <s id="s.015385">cur alij (vt dicit) mihi id nomen defe<lb></lb>runt? </s> <s id="s.015386">an ipſe ſolus liuidus, & qui non intel<lb></lb>ligere fatetur aliis omnibus præſertim do<lb></lb>ctiſſimis viris eſt præferendus? </s> <s id="s.015387">Sed ſi quæſi<lb></lb>ui, cur miratur me poſſe ſuſtinere ſine la<lb></lb>bore, quod cum tot laboribus quæſierim? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015388">Verùm fac vt nolim ſuſtinere? </s> <s id="s.015389">quid iam age<lb></lb>re poſſum, ne ſuſtineam. </s> <s id="s.015390">Sed vis vt dicam, <lb></lb>contingit illi, quod pauoni contigiſſe fertur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015391">Pauo aliquando, vt in regem ab auibus eli<lb></lb>geretur, rogauit, dicens, ſe eſſe pulcherri<lb></lb>mam: cui pſittacus, ô ſtultè reſpondit, non <lb></lb>pulchritudini, ſed fortitudini, regnum debe<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.015392">Itaque hic noſter calumniator poſtquam <lb></lb>neque rerum inuentione, neque certa narra<lb></lb>tione, nec iudicio tuto præſtat, flagitio fa<lb></lb>mam quæſiuit: cumque rebus ſuis diffide<lb></lb>ret, maluit eas peſſundare, vt alienas de<lb></lb>primeret: vocauitque communi nomine la<lb></lb>bores, tam ſuos, quàm noſtros quiſquilias: <lb></lb>non queror, quòd mea aliquid eſſe putem, <lb></lb>ſed quod cùm & ipſe tam fœdè lapſus ſit, <lb></lb>alios culpare velit. </s> <s id="s.015393">Quid eſt, quod in ſuo o<lb></lb>pere probari poſſit? </s> <s id="s.015394">argumentum alienum? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015395">oratio barbara? </s> <s id="s.015396">ordo penitùs nullus? </s> <s id="s.015397">nulla <lb></lb>vtilitas, nulla iucunditas, titulus mutuò <lb></lb>ſumptus? </s> <s id="s.015398">non efficacia probationum, non <lb></lb>delectus rerum, mendax hiſtoria, & rudis, <lb></lb>craſſaque diſceptatio ſub ſubtilitatis nomi<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.015399">Inde quod omninò omittere debuerat, <lb></lb>exemplo nullo tot ſui præconia, tot aliorum <lb></lb>irriſiones, tot epitheta ſapientiæ ſuæ addidit, <lb></lb>vt diſpeream, niſi ſibi ipſi cùm releget faſti<lb></lb>dio futurus ſit. </s> <s id="s.015400">Manardum, inquit, & Pli<lb></lb>nium inſcitiæ accuſaſti: nam de aliis falsò <lb></lb>obiicit. </s> <s id="s.015401">De Plinio tueatur ipſe ſi poteſt: nam <lb></lb>de ſyderibus loquens, hæc habet in ſecundo, <lb></lb>cap. 8. Illa nimio alimento tracti humoris <lb></lb>igneam vim abundantia reddunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015402">Cap. LXVIII. </s> <s id="s.015403">Et ne quis inficiari poſſit, <lb></lb>infrà ſubdit de Oceano: Sydera ipſa tot & <lb></lb>tantæ magnitudinis paſcens. </s> <s id="s.015404">Præterea homi<lb></lb>nem prædiuitem vni fermè intentum operi <lb></lb>plus reliquiſſe errorum quàm dogmatum, ob <lb></lb>immenſam ambitionem Eundem de ſummis <lb></lb>philoſophiæ a cranis iudicia ferentem abſ<lb></lb>que philoſophia, quis ferat audaciam? </s> <s id="s.015405">quis <lb></lb>vecordiam non oderit, quis erratorum mul<lb></lb>titudinem non horreat? </s> <s id="s.015406">At de Manardo <lb></lb>odimus, quoniam ipſe humanum genus pro<lb></lb>dere docuit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015407">Et quantò melliflua eſſe illius oratio, ab <lb></lb>imperitis tamen Latinæ linguæ exiſtimatur, <lb></lb>tantò deterius malum. </s> <s id="s.015408">Derelinquemus Hip<lb></lb>pocratem, Galenum, Paulum, & hunc Gram<lb></lb>maticum abſque ratione ſequamur. </s> <s id="s.015409">Quòd ſi <lb></lb>errauit, an non odiſſe decet etiam patrem <lb></lb>humani generis ſiccarium? </s> <s id="s.015410">at tu non erras? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015411">erro ſed nolens, ille habebat, quos ſequere<lb></lb>tur, & non erraret. </s> <s id="s.015412">Similis Lyco, & Iuliano, <lb></lb>qui tam acriter à Galeno reprehenduntur: <lb></lb>quamvis errores ſui, quales Manardi ſunt, <lb></lb>hominibus non eſſent pernicioſi. </s> <s id="s.015413">Si inuidia <lb></lb>mouerer, cur non potiùs Braſauolam, quàm <lb></lb>Manardumiam mortuum accuſaſſem? </s> <s id="s.015414">at ve<lb></lb>rebaris viuentem, inquiet? </s> <s id="s.015415">at nunc mortuus <lb></lb>eſt, nec accuſo, quod de humano genere be<lb></lb>nè meritus ſit, non ab illo beneficium acce<lb></lb>pi, non ſalutaui, non ſalutatus, denique ſolo <lb></lb>nomine mihi notus eſt. </s> <s id="s.015416">Itaque duos hos tan<lb></lb>tùm, & cum eis calumniatorem hunc, vt ve<lb></lb>ritatis oſorem ex tanta turba ſcriptorum <lb></lb>odi. </s> <s id="s.015417">Si non grauiter in rem literariam, in hu<lb></lb>manum genus peccaſſent, eſſent mihi Mœ<lb></lb>cenates. </s> <s id="s.015418">Non poterat qui plurimum ſe Deo <lb></lb>debere perſuadet, tales viros, has ſepias non <lb></lb>odiſſe. </s> <s id="s.015419">Vera depromat, bona doceat, benè <lb></lb>tradita non euertat, illumque colemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015420">At tu deturbaſti ignem è mundo, è nu<lb></lb>mero elementorum exemiſti? </s> <s id="s.015421">feci eiuſdem <lb></lb>veritatis amore: qui ferat homines in tan<lb></lb>ta inſania viuere, adeò obcæcari, credant ſub <lb></lb>orbe Lunæ tantùm ibi ignis eſſe, quem nec <lb></lb>videamus, nec qui nos tale faciat: ob ſolam <lb></lb>antiquam opinionem quandam falſam à <lb></lb>primis philoſophis inductum (& ab Ariſto<lb></lb>tele comprobatam) ob id tantùm, quòd ſy<lb></lb>dera ipſa ignea eſſe exiſtimarentur, vel vt <lb></lb>etiam tradit, & credit Plinius in ſecundo, <lb></lb>cap. 5. atque ita ex vno errore abſurdiſſimo <lb></lb>alium pepererunt, nec primum tamen dele<lb></lb>uerunt. </s> <s id="s.015422">Quod verò dicit appellaſſe me Gal<lb></lb>licum morbum, non ſatis illum admonere <lb></lb>titulus debet in libro de Libris propriis: vbi <lb></lb>de Indico morbo inſcribuntur libri, atque <lb></lb>hic editus eodem menſe, quo ſua commen<lb></lb>taria. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015423">183. Carpit quòd dixerim viperam, ego <lb></lb>& ſpeciem & genus eſſe putaram. </s> <s id="s.015424">Si non <lb></lb>placeat, legat ſerpentem. </s> <s id="s.015425">At Cicero etiam <lb></lb>homines improbos, viperas appellat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015426">184. In ſectione tertia nihil aliud agit, <lb></lb>quàm vt ruditatem ſuam, atque ſtuporem <lb></lb>detegat, cùm nec vim argumenti intelligat, <lb></lb>& perperàm dictionem illam, quæ in pro<lb></lb>priiſſimo ſignificato poſita eſt acceptum pu<lb></lb>tat. </s> <s id="s.015427">Sed non ſunt hæc oſcitantium, vt ipſe <lb></lb>ſæpiſſimè eſt. </s> <s id="s.015428">In quarta ſectione dixi, ob<lb></lb>ſeruatum eſſe (Plinius author eſt) fieri po<lb></lb>teſt, vt quæ vidit, veneno carerent. </s> <s id="s.015429">Sin vene<lb></lb>nata alius quiſpiam expertus fuerit, vel ipſe <lb></lb>affirmet, decedam: Plinium ſuum huius rei <lb></lb>authorem accuſet, & rutam ſubiiciamus. </s> <s id="s.015430">In <lb></lb>ſexta quamvis propſuiſſem ea, quæ ad me <lb></lb>non attinet prætermittere, non potui tamen <lb></lb>abſtinere in tam euidenti errore verſanti-<pb pagenum="698" xlink:href="016/01/345.jpg"></pb>bus, quin admonerem in quantas difficul<lb></lb>tates ac tenebras ſe coniicerent, qui noſtris <lb></lb>principiis non inhærent. </s> <s id="s.015431">Palàm enim eſt, & <lb></lb>aquam, & piper, & lapides refrigerari, quia <lb></lb>calor cùm ſit aduentitius, ſpontè reſoluitur: <lb></lb>& ita omnia ex æquo per ſe refrigerantur, <lb></lb>quia frigiditas, non eſt, niſi priuatio quæ<lb></lb>dam, vt etiam tenebræ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015432">186. Vbi non habet, quòd obiiciat, ludit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015433">Serpentes volitare vult, anguibus illis maxi<lb></lb>mis venenum largitur. </s> <s id="s.015434">Ratio tamen ipſa de<lb></lb>claratiua eſt: ſed ipſæ cæcus eſt, aut cæcus eſ<lb></lb>ſe vult. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015435">187. Auxilium veneni nouus Priſcianus <lb></lb>reprobat. </s> <s id="s.015436">Ego apud Celſum didici auxilium <lb></lb>aduerſæ valetudinis. </s> <s id="s.015437">Cætera produnt mores <lb></lb>illius, qui quicquid in buccam venerit, ef<lb></lb>futiat. </s> <s id="s.015438">Quid enim in comparatione ſpecie<lb></lb>rum, vbi neceſſitas finis & ſingularium inter <lb></lb>ſe ſimile. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015439">189. Obiicit duo, ouem quæ humidior eſt <lb></lb>ariete, cùm ipſa cornibus plerunque careat, <lb></lb>& ceraſtes, aſpideſque multis anguibus non <lb></lb>cornutis, nec vngularibus pernicioſiores. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015440">Imò hæc parua extremæ ſiccitatis ſunt indi<lb></lb>cia. </s> <s id="s.015441">In ouibus, alia eſt ratio: quoniam non <lb></lb>prodeunt cornua ob humidum abundans, <lb></lb>quod non neceſſaria impedit: neceſſaria im<lb></lb>pedire non poteſt. </s> <s id="s.015442">De anguium ſtercore no<lb></lb>ta eſt omnibus pigmentariis, quibus quan<lb></lb>doque pro moſcho vendere, ſed fruſtrà ru<lb></lb>ſtici tentant: ego ſæpius apud me habui. </s> <s id="s.015443">Et <lb></lb>vir hic egregius, qui fabulas multas emit, <lb></lb>& vendit res nouiſſimas, quoniam ſuo cum <lb></lb>cerebro, quæ non conueniunt irridet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015444">190. Intolerabile malum addictum eſt <lb></lb>hæreſi, vt Galenus ait: hic negat fabas cùm <lb></lb>animalia gignunt non putreſcere. </s> <s id="s.015445">Putat pu<lb></lb>tredinem vnius modi eſſe, an ergo ex propa<lb></lb>gatione genitos vermes illos putat? </s> <s id="s.015446">In quo <lb></lb>differt hæc generatio à vermium auellaneo<lb></lb>rum? </s> <s id="s.015447">niſi quòd humidior eſt auellanæ, quàm <lb></lb>fabarum ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.015448">Quod in ſecunda ſectio<lb></lb>ne ait, ex ſingulis animalibus certa genera<lb></lb>ri, non ita accipiendum eſt, vt rurſus ex ſic <lb></lb>genitis alia generentur: ſed de primis ac <lb></lb>propagatione genitis intelligendum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015449">191. Experimenta quæ adducit contra <lb></lb>apum generationem, non videt miſer eſſe <lb></lb>contra ſe, apud Ariſtotelem enim vermes <lb></lb>inſectorum ouis ſunt imperfectiores. </s> <s id="s.015450">In al<lb></lb>tero obiêre parentes neceſſariò breui, quam<lb></lb>vis de patre referat. </s> <s id="s.015451">Ita vir hic ſpecie ad do<lb></lb>ctrinam, re ad eam deſtruendam natus eſt <lb></lb>ſolùm. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015452">192. Intelligitur de origine, multitudi<lb></lb>neque omen de locis inſuetis. </s> <s id="s.015453">Addit præte<lb></lb>rea quid nomine meo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015454">103. Sepia rurſus conturbat non ex pu<lb></lb>tredine, quæ connumerat generantur, ſed <lb></lb>propagatione quadam, quæ ſimpliciter om<lb></lb>nes dolores leuant, quoniam acopa ſunt non <lb></lb>contraria cauſæ: ſed ſi id contingat, duplici <lb></lb>emolumento erunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015455">194. In ſexta diuiſione, docui nos debe<lb></lb>re imitari naturam, quæ minimis maxi<lb></lb>morum miracula oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.015456">Sed hic nodos in<lb></lb>ſcirpo quærit, omnia confundens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015457">199. Conatur infringere cauſam magni<lb></lb>tudinis caudæ veruecum, quòd ſues ſint <lb></lb>humidiores: fateor, ſed humido magis <lb></lb>concocto, quia in his calor eſt maior: ideò <lb></lb>verueces humidiores non ſimpliciter, ſed <lb></lb>comparatione ad proprium calorem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015458">200. Nugatur more ſolito, in feruidiſſi<lb></lb>ma æſtate iuſſi in Scotia, vt conquirerent <lb></lb>quoſdam ſerpentes, ad medicinam attule<lb></lb>runt, ita obtigebant, vt apud nos media hye<lb></lb>me: non ſolùm ob cœli qualitatem, quæ qua<lb></lb>ſi temperata erat, ſed ob naturam cœlo in<lb></lb>gentiam, non ſolùm ipſis, ſe ab initio primis <lb></lb>ſerpentibus. </s> <s id="s.015459">Quæ à Sueciis accepit, à ratio<lb></lb>ne ſunt aliena: quomodo enim exanguia in <lb></lb>frigidis locis efferari poterunt? </s> <s id="s.015460">at forma ſi<lb></lb>mile nihil prohibet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015461">201, Lupum piſcem marinum ſcio. </s> <s id="s.015462">Lu<lb></lb>pum fluuiatilem à moribus lucium quis po<lb></lb>terit appellare? </s> <s id="s.015463">Cæterùm dico nihil quod <lb></lb>moueatur in aquis, putreſcere quod exedat a. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015464">qua. </s> <s id="s.015465">Ita miſer hic <expan abbr="vbiq;">vbique</expan> fallitur ſuis captiun<lb></lb>culis. </s> <s id="s.015466">Poſſem adducere multa, ſed quorſum? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015467">202. Culpat nomeni alopecæ. </s> <s id="s.015468">Vide ho<lb></lb>minis inſcitiam intolerabilem, alopeca non <lb></lb>in accuſatiuo, ſed nominatiuo poſita eſt, ab <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">ἀλωηεκὶς</foreign>, quòd eſt catulus vulpis, deriua<lb></lb>tur: nam in <foreign lang="grc">α</foreign> ſæpè a Latinos tranſit. </s> <s id="s.015469">Quaſi <lb></lb>catulum vulpis hunc canem non compoſito <lb></lb>nomine appellarem, licuiſſe vulpinum dice<lb></lb>re, ſed Græci quod ſciam non habent: at <lb></lb>calumniator omnia ſibi licere putat, fingit, <lb></lb>inuenit quæ non ſunt: quæ ſunt, præterit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015470">Nónne Virgilius illo ſapientior lyciſcam <lb></lb>vocauit, <foreign lang="grc">ἁλύκος</foreign> nomine diminutio, non <lb></lb>à compoſito ex cane & lupo, quamvis à <lb></lb>cane lyciſca oriatur: ita vides viri teme<lb></lb>ritatem, & ſtultam de ſe perſuaſionem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015471">Sic & in quinta ſectione reprehendit, <lb></lb>quod maximè probari debuerat. </s> <s id="s.015472">Neque <lb></lb>enim dæmonum auxilio id factum arbi<lb></lb>tror, ſed quidvis potius quàm diuino mi<lb></lb>raculo, qui tam crudeli ſcænæ fauerit. </s> <s id="s.015473">Ita <lb></lb>non videt vir aduerſus omnia bona natus, <lb></lb>me eos deterrere, quibus non ſolùm ſufficit <lb></lb>immania perpetrare, ſed etiam immanibus <lb></lb>facinoribus Dei voluntatem prætexere. </s> <s id="s.015474">Cui <lb></lb>pio voto ſi quicquam cordis fuiſſet, to<lb></lb>tis viribus etiamſi falſum fuiſſet ſuffraga<lb></lb>ri debuerat, nunc etiam ſententiæ aduer<lb></lb>ſatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015475">203. Irridet ſolita ſua vrbanitate, quod <lb></lb>dixerim mores hominum animalium patrio<lb></lb>rum naturis perſæpe declarari, ibi Ligurum <lb></lb>totam nationem, vah quàm acriter proſcin<lb></lb>dit? </s> <s id="s.015476">Hoc non intellexit id contingere ſo<lb></lb>lùm, cùm vitia in immenſum efferun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.015477">Sic etiam & prodigia, & diuinæ vl<lb></lb>tiones. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015478">204. Ille qui expanſis pro erectis mani<lb></lb>bus, vt in 2. editione manifeſtum eſt, ani<lb></lb>maduertit, cùm etiam poſſet in eadem ſe<lb></lb>cunda editione legere, dentes illos pręlongos <lb></lb>è ſuperiore mandibula oriri: & cur etiam id <lb></lb>neceſſarium fuerit, maluit tamen vir hic vt <lb></lb>ſtultitiam ſuam planè proderet, & fidem om<lb></lb>nem à ſuis libris eximeret, hæc in prima ſe<lb></lb>ctione ſcribere. </s> <s id="s.015479">Illorum maximus error, qui <lb></lb>dentes illos è ſuperiore naſci mandibula, at<lb></lb>que deorſum ſpectare prodiderunt. </s> <s id="s.015480"><expan abbr="Nã">Nam</expan> præ<lb></lb>ter ſenſus <expan abbr="fidẽ">fidem</expan>, quæ id falſum docet, eſt ſubti<lb></lb>litas in duabus rationibus, priorem ſumimus <pb pagenum="699" xlink:href="016/01/346.jpg"></pb>ab vſu. </s> <s id="s.015481">Tum reliqua plenæ ſtultitiæ ſuæ ar<lb></lb>gumenta ac leuitatis: ſi enim vidit, cur ita <lb></lb>ſcripſit: ſi non vidit, cur de ſenſu mentio<lb></lb>nem fecit? </s> <s id="s.015482">ſatis eſt quod acutè in margine <lb></lb>adiecit. </s> <s id="s.015483">Vides ergo cuinam ex rebus ſuis <lb></lb>etiam ſi vidiſſe ſe affirmet, tutò poſſis ad<lb></lb>hibere fidem? </s> <s id="s.015484">Hæc eſt peripateticorum in<lb></lb>conſulta temeritas, & audacia incredibi<lb></lb>lis, non Ariſtotelis, aut Theophraſti, <lb></lb>ſed eorum qui aliorum nominibus egre<lb></lb>giis iniuſtiſſimè ſibi ſapientiæ famam vin<lb></lb>dicant. </s> <s id="s.015485">Defende modò hominem à ſtulti<lb></lb>tia, à leuitate, à temeritate, à mendatio <lb></lb>manifeſto, ſi potes quiſquis es, & crimi<lb></lb>ne ab vno diſce omnes. </s> <s id="s.015486">Inde me arguit, <lb></lb>quòd Plinij ſtultitiam non reprehenderim, <lb></lb>ſimilis Bergomenſi cuidam, qui Andreæ <lb></lb>Griti Venetiarum ducis, vt vocant, inſi<lb></lb>gni maieſtate viri, improbat effigiem, quod <lb></lb>hernia gulæ illi deeſſet, quæ ſuis inquilinis <lb></lb>eſſet familiaris. </s> <s id="s.015487">Non ego horas in refellen<lb></lb>do alienas ſtultitias conſumere volo, nec in <lb></lb>concordandis imperitorum verbis temerè <lb></lb>effutitis: ſed ſi quid ad rem ſpectat, perti<lb></lb>nétve, hoc mei muneris eſſe puto. </s> <s id="s.015488">In ſe<lb></lb>cunda ſectione, non ſolùm inutiliter, ſed ine<lb></lb>ptè nugatur humana temperatura optima <lb></lb>eſt, ſed & compoſitio neceſſaria eſt, quæ <lb></lb>in Elephanto, quòd ad vitam attinet, me<lb></lb>lior eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015489">207 Inde in hac & ſequentibus pluri<lb></lb>bus, vt etiam antea de plantis vagatur, cer<lb></lb>ta, incerta, nullo ordine, nulla ratione, nul<lb></lb>lo nexu miſcens, eſtque facilè videre ipſum <lb></lb>hac in parte ſibi videri regnare, ac vt Itali <lb></lb>vocant, gongolare. </s> <s id="s.015490">Eſt autem ita gaudio <lb></lb>ac lætitia oppleri, vt gurgulio non videatur <lb></lb>poſſe continere, & maius aliquid quàm ge<lb></lb>ſtire. </s> <s id="s.015491">Ideò maximè torquetur, quod Plinium <lb></lb>damnem, cùm eiuſdem argumenti libros <lb></lb>conſcripſerit: ſcilicet multæ tractationis, <lb></lb>paucæ ſcientiæ: in multa diuiſos, nullibi <lb></lb>diſtinctos plurima docentes, nihil declaran<lb></lb>tes: de omnium nominibus, de nullius ſcien<lb></lb>tia rei, hiſtoriam generalem, à qua tamen <lb></lb>fides omnis, & certus author abſit. </s> <s id="s.015492">Hæc <lb></lb>illum delectant, hoc genus ſcribendi ap<lb></lb>plaudit. </s> <s id="s.015493">Sed neſcio quomodo tot, tantáque <lb></lb>huc tranſtulerit, quæ ſi ſuſtulit à libris hi<lb></lb>ſtoriarum rerum naturalium, certè magnum <lb></lb>ibi vacuum relicturus eſt? </s> <s id="s.015494">ſi repetit, quid <lb></lb>abſurdius? </s> <s id="s.015495">Sed hæc ad ipſum ſpectant, cu<lb></lb>ius iudicio ( adeò ſibi placet ) nihil non <lb></lb>rectè ſe ſcribere poſſe putat, quòd animo <lb></lb>decreuerit. </s> <s id="s.015496">Cæterùm cùm ſibi tantum pla<lb></lb>ceat, id Ptolemæi ſcire debuit: Qui ſibi <lb></lb>placet, Dei ira dignus eſt. </s> <s id="s.015497">Hæc ille tantus <lb></lb>vir, cuius ingenio adeò illuſtri vix alium <lb></lb>quenquam comparare audeam, non hæc <lb></lb>dixiſſet, ſi ſibi ipſe placuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.015498">Nos, tan<lb></lb>tum abeſt vt nobis placeamus, pro his <lb></lb>quæ ſcripſimus, vt etiam iraſcamur, no<lb></lb>ſtráque plus damnemus, quàm laudemus: <lb></lb>non equidem ob ea, quæ ille inanire obii<lb></lb>cit, ſed quoniam quodcunque ſcimus, non <lb></lb>noſtrum eſt opus ſed Dei. </s> <s id="s.015499">Noſtra ſunt fur<lb></lb>ta, cædes, doli, veneficia, rapinæ, & ſi <lb></lb>quis error irrepſerit. </s> <s id="s.015500">Quin etiam Virgilius <lb></lb>nónne moriens iuſſit, opus illud eximium, <lb></lb>quod vniuerſa poſteritate adeò admiratur, <lb></lb>flammis tradi? </s> <s id="s.015501">adeò diſplicuit illi quod aliis <lb></lb>tam gratum fuit. </s> <s id="s.015502">Ita Deus illi vt mihi velim <lb></lb>mentem det, quam vis abundare illa ſe exi<lb></lb>ſtimet, opto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015503">208 Sufficit vidiſſe leones circumagentes <lb></lb>collum, vt intelligamus non eſſe vnum os: <lb></lb>ſed tamen laudo eam diligentiam, modò <lb></lb>quiſquam quicquam illi in poſterum credere <lb></lb>velit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015504">211 Irridet rurſus, quia non intelligit hu<lb></lb>midum ſtercus in animalibus, ac copioſum <lb></lb>impedire, ne animal bene oleat. </s> <s id="s.015505">Nam ſi ſter<lb></lb>cus eſt humidum & multum, totum animal <lb></lb>tale eſſe neceſſe eſt, quomodo ergo bene ole<lb></lb>bit? </s> <s id="s.015506">Propterea in Zibetho ſolùm pars bene <lb></lb>olet: imò illius excrementum in Moſcho <lb></lb>quoniam totum neceſſe eſt ſtercus habere <lb></lb>paucum & ſiccum, ideò multum inter ſe dif<lb></lb>ferunt modi hi odoratorum animalium. </s> <s id="s.015507">Sed <lb></lb>hic vir nihil nouit aliud facere, quàm con<lb></lb>fundere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015508">In ſecunda ſectione, vult eſſe ſudoris <lb></lb>ſtrigmentum, cùm è folliculo detrahatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015509">Diximus aliàs totam hiſtoriam. </s> <s id="s.015510">Sed quem <lb></lb>lapidem non mouet? </s> <s id="s.015511">& tamen quàm abſur<lb></lb>dè vir hic oſtendit cicures fieri etiam mures <lb></lb>pro monſtro, ſed difficillimè, vt vix nun<lb></lb>quam tutò tractare poſſis: omnia carniuora <lb></lb>cicurare licet ob cauſas generaliter dictas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015512">Ad nos ex Hiſpania aduectos conſtat: non <lb></lb>negaui aliunde non aduehi, velut & nunc <lb></lb>oua bombycum, quæ tamen originem pri<lb></lb>mam à calidiore cœlo, quàm ſit Hiſpani<lb></lb>cum ſumpſerunt, ita de hoc verimiſile eſt <lb></lb>ob rei excellentiam. </s> <s id="s.015513">Inde morum ſuorum in <lb></lb>tertia ſectione non oblitus, virus ſuum <lb></lb>euomit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015514">216 Hic malignitatem ſuam ita prodit, <lb></lb>vt hæſitans relegerim primam editionem, <lb></lb>ne fortè in illa deceptus eſſem. </s> <s id="s.015515">Sed neque ibi <lb></lb>erratum. </s> <s id="s.015516">Propoſitionem vniuerſalem doceo, <lb></lb>demonſtro indicóque qualiter intelligi de<lb></lb>beat: hic peruertit ſenſum; omittit demon<lb></lb>ſtrationem, & declarationem, inde accuſat, <lb></lb>tam fœdè ac turpiter, vt eius vice confundar <lb></lb>& erubeſcam. </s> <s id="s.015517">Quid iam amplius apud hunc <lb></lb>ſycophantam tutum eſſe poteſt? </s> <s id="s.015518">Quid dete<lb></lb>rius? </s> <s id="s.015519">addidit etiam cauſam, quæ me ad <lb></lb>errorem adegerit aſino dignam. </s> <s id="s.015520">Certè im<lb></lb>pudentiorem hominem illo nunquam vidiſ<lb></lb>ſe teſtor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015521">218 Tota illa hiſtoria de ſturione, in tertio <lb></lb>exemplari emendata erat, quod ea ad libros <lb></lb>de Rerum varietate tranſlata eſſet, quos con<lb></lb>ſtat (vt dixi) ante ſuas exercitationes eſſe im<lb></lb>preſſos, ne quid me ab illo ſurripuiſſe poſſit <lb></lb>gloriari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015522">219 Debuerat conſulere ſequentem edi<lb></lb>tionem liuidus hic, inueniſſet ( tametſi <lb></lb>etiam ſine illis verbis apertè intelligere<lb></lb>tur me de motu progreſſus loqui) hæc ver<lb></lb>ba: De motu progrediendi loquor, vnde <lb></lb>illæ tot declamationes hoc vno verbo ſubla<lb></lb>tæ ſunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015523">220 Dicit nullas eſſe cauſas numeri, <lb></lb>vel formæ ſtriarum. </s> <s id="s.015524">Primùm (vt dixi) ſupe<lb></lb>riùs, aut quædam certum habent numerum <lb></lb>abſque operatione. </s> <s id="s.015525">Deinde hic è tribus vnum <lb></lb>recipiat oportet, aut vt <expan abbr="naturã">naturam</expan> in <expan abbr="artificiosã">artificiosam</expan> <lb></lb>faciat aduerſus <expan abbr="Galenũ">Galenum</expan>, Ariſtotelem, omnes, <pb pagenum="700" xlink:href="016/01/347.jpg"></pb>ſapientes, & experimentum: aut vt me<lb></lb>liores reddat rationes, & nos illi libenter <lb></lb>ſubſcribimus: aut quas nos adducimus, op<lb></lb>timas eſſe patiatur? </s> <s id="s.015526">quod cum liuore ductus <lb></lb>nolit facere, eò refugit, manifeſtè dicens, <lb></lb>naturam fortuitò conſtituiſſe quæcunque <lb></lb>non ſunt operationis gratia. </s> <s id="s.015527">At hunc vi<lb></lb>rum oportet in libris de Fato exerceri à <lb></lb>nobis editis, ne more ſuo omnia transfe<lb></lb>ram vbique, & ex materia vnius libri de<lb></lb>cem faciam garriens inutiliter. </s> <s id="s.015528">Inueniet <lb></lb>etiam vndas maris apud Deum numera<lb></lb>tas, ac menſuratas. </s> <s id="s.015529">Sed non eo modo <lb></lb>vulgari, quem ille ſolùm forſan vt plerique <lb></lb>nouit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015530">221 Reprehendit quòd dixerim monſtra <lb></lb>plura eſſe in mari. </s> <s id="s.015531">Dicuntur & monſtra ob <lb></lb>raritatem, quia aliquid monſtrent, licet natu<lb></lb>ræ non noua: & etiam vera monſtra ibi ſunt, <lb></lb>ob generationis, & vitæ tuendæ facilitatem, <lb></lb>velut in aluo materno. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015532">223 Admouet catulos mammis raro <lb></lb>exemplo: nam mammas habet, quod plu<lb></lb>ribus piſcibus commune eſt, adeò vt neſciam <lb></lb>quid magis in hoc homine demirer. </s> <s id="s.015533">Ob<lb></lb>iicit in tertia ſectione, quòd vituli marini <lb></lb>tanquam rei nouæ, atque Indici maris men<lb></lb>tionem fecerim: fateor, non ego obiter <lb></lb>incomperta pro compertis, vt ipſe facit, <lb></lb>in medium attuli. </s> <s id="s.015534">Satis enim conſtat, vel <lb></lb>ipſo amico ſuo Rondelletio teſte, longè <lb></lb>alium eſſe Oceanicum vitulum à Mediter<lb></lb>raneo, cur ergo ſuo more debui confun<lb></lb>dere? </s> <s id="s.015535">ſatis eſt quòd in tertia editione, tria <lb></lb>illius genera inter ſe diſtinxi. </s> <s id="s.015536">De volanti<lb></lb>bus tutius eſt teſtimonium meum, vbi ra<lb></lb>tione ſtandum ſit, quàm ſuum. </s> <s id="s.015537">Ita auſim <lb></lb>dicere, quòd videam illum in his, quæ <lb></lb>experimento comprobari poſſunt, ſemper <lb></lb>decipi in eis. </s> <s id="s.015538">In quinta ſectione malui, poſt<lb></lb>quàm Delphinum Ariſtotelis videre non <lb></lb>licet noſtris temporibus, cùm aliis conſen<lb></lb>re, atque ita iam locum emendaueramus: <lb></lb>non vt certi de errore Ariſtotelis, & Pli<lb></lb>nij, quos vix veriſimile eſt non vidiſſe vn<lb></lb>quam tam celebre animal, præſertim Ariſto<lb></lb>telem, quem 800. aurea talenta impendiſ<lb></lb>ſe, in hiſtoriæ condendæ de animalibus <lb></lb>miniſtros, atque obſeruatores accepimus: <lb></lb>ſed ne quod in aliis damnamus, pertina<lb></lb>ciam ſcilicet aduerſus rationem experimen<lb></lb>ta, ſenſuum fidem ipſi nos ſequeremur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015539">Sed tamen hic vir ſuum damnat Ariſtote<lb></lb>lem, ac Plinium, credo non niſi fretus al<lb></lb>terius Grammatici auctoritate, quam non <lb></lb>improbo, ſi modò vera inuenit, quan<lb></lb>quam antea à Bellonio de hoc eſſem admo<lb></lb>nitus. </s> <s id="s.015540">Sed ille clamat furtum fuiſſe, liti<lb></lb>gent modò inter ſe, ſatis eſt ob tam leuem <lb></lb>auctoritatem illum reliquiſſe ſuum Ariſto<lb></lb>telem, quem adeò mordicus tuebatur ad<lb></lb>uerſus etiam veritatem ipſam, atque ſimul <lb></lb>ſuum Plinium Grammaticus Grammati<lb></lb>cum in tanta veneratione. </s> <s id="s.015541">Dixi leuem au<lb></lb>ctoritatem Rondelletij, non in illius iniu<lb></lb>riam: quaſi ille homo leuis ſit, ſed quod in <lb></lb>hoc non demonſtret, cùm non conſtet quis <lb></lb>ſit iſte Delphin. </s> <s id="s.015542">Forſan alium piſcem pro <lb></lb>Delphine antiqui habuerunt, qui nunc cum <lb></lb>fit rariſſimus, eſt ignotus? </s> <s id="s.015543">Quæ me moueat <lb></lb>coniectura tam valida, dixi. </s> <s id="s.015544">Cæterùm quòd <lb></lb>dicat, me confundere pleraque, fatear: nam <lb></lb>omnia ( vt ipſe dixi) nimis eſt, vel ipſo te<lb></lb>ſte, qui negat propoſitiones vniuerſales eſſe <lb></lb>fermè vnquam veras, ſed & ipſe fatea<lb></lb>tur, quod verius eſt, ſe pleraque euer<lb></lb>tere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015545">224 Ibi etiam ruditatem ſuam declarat, <lb></lb>tranſiens à generaliore affectu in auibus, <lb></lb>quoniam omnes fermè manſueſcunt, ad id <lb></lb>quod eſt magis manſueſcere. </s> <s id="s.015546">An putabat <lb></lb>me neſcire, quod omnibus notum eſt, nihil <lb></lb>manſuetius eſſe cane, equo, elephante, quæ <lb></lb>ſunt quadrupedia Lepus non manſueſcit: vi<lb></lb>di tamen aliquos rarò & parum, an non no<lb></lb>uit negationem omnem in mortalibus ſic de<lb></lb>bere accipi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015547">225 Non dixi, ſolùm ob cibum litora <lb></lb>ob ſeueritatem gurgites à piſcibus coli: ſed ob <lb></lb>id nihilominus non adeò noſtra tuemur, <lb></lb>quin potior ſit amor veritatis. </s> <s id="s.015548">Si omnia <lb></lb>ſic tractaſſet, poterat laude dignus videri, <lb></lb>qui non niſi vituperationem adeptus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015549">Sunt etenim aliæ etiam cauſæ horum, ſed <lb></lb>quæ dixi manifeſtiores, quas nec ipſe re<lb></lb>probat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015550">228 Nimirum ſi non & quæ pueri ſui <lb></lb>faciunt, & ancillæ, in hos retulerit libros. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015551">230 At tertiam editionem totum emen<lb></lb>daueram, nec vt ipſe monet, qui res audi<lb></lb>tas pro viſis ſcribit, nobis contingit: ſed ob <lb></lb>celeritatem ſcribendi, & occupationes. </s> <s id="s.015552">E <lb></lb>paſſeris pro auium dixi, quod paſſeris nuper <lb></lb>mentionem feciſſem. </s> <s id="s.015553">Quid enim paſſeri <lb></lb>cum ſtruthiocamelo commune, niſi in no<lb></lb>mine? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015554">231 Cygni parum volant, maxima ex par<lb></lb>te quieſcunt in lacubus, omnes aliæ aues na<lb></lb>turaliter vt potentiorem, & rapacem timent: <lb></lb>non tamen omnibus infeſta eſt, neque ſem<lb></lb>per omnes poteſt ſuperare: ardea roſtro quan<lb></lb>doque, cygnus robore illi faceſſunt nego<lb></lb>tium, auiculas ſpernit: cornices neſcio qua vi <lb></lb>naturæ, vt aliàs teſtatus ſum, ex viſu in con<lb></lb>ſortium admittit. </s> <s id="s.015555">Sed quid lubet cum nuga<lb></lb>toribus nugari? </s> <s id="s.015556">Eiuſmodi enim apud illum <lb></lb>ſunt infinita. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015557">232 Errorem impreſſoris auibus pro ta<lb></lb>libus aſcribit mihi. </s> <s id="s.015558">De cygno ſuauiorem <lb></lb>proculdubio & magis ſonoram anſere edit <lb></lb>vocem: neque negatio tam facilè profer<lb></lb>ri debet, præſertim tot teſtibus, cùm te<lb></lb>ſtis vnus affirmationis centum neganti<lb></lb>bus etiam (apud Iuriſconſultos) ni negatio <lb></lb>ipſa loco & tempore coarctetur, præferri <lb></lb>debeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015559">233 Temeritatis ſuæ vbique notas pro<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.015560">Vide quo argumento diuinauit me <lb></lb>mergum non agnoſcere. </s> <s id="s.015561">Hoc ſanè nihil <lb></lb>refert, ſed vt cognoſcas hominis mores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015562">235 Neque hic ſenſum capit: Di<lb></lb>uerſæ regiones diuerſas alunt minimas <lb></lb>aues vt maximas: nec omnis regio om<lb></lb>nem admittit magnitudinem, aut parui<lb></lb>tatem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015563">236 Exiſtimat inſtitutum meum fuiſſe <lb></lb>in his libris ſingula admiranda recenſere, <lb></lb>ſed fallitur. </s> <s id="s.015564">Hoc tamen quod de pſittaco re<lb></lb>fert, id vnum tantum eſt in opere tam ma<lb></lb>gno, quod dignum iudicarim, vt poſſet <pb pagenum="701" xlink:href="016/01/348.jpg"></pb>libro noſtro adiici in hac vltima emenda<lb></lb>tione: tametſi & in hoc fallatur, dicens <lb></lb>hoc illi eſſe commune cum crocodillo, qua<lb></lb>ſi ſolùm ſuperius roſtrum, vt ille moueat: <lb></lb>ſed decipitur frequentius enim ac magis in<lb></lb>ferius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015565">241 In 2. ſectione, reddit aliam cauſam <lb></lb>inglunei in auibus, ſed non adeò euiden<lb></lb>tem: quæ tamen poteſt tolerari. </s> <s id="s.015566">Multis <lb></lb>commodis (hoc enim ſapientiæ fuit artificis) <lb></lb>vno auxilio natura ſæpè ſatisfacit. </s> <s id="s.015567">Nos non <lb></lb>omnes cauſas, ſed principaliores adduxi<lb></lb>mus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015568">243 Diſcrimen eſt, quænam aues natu<lb></lb>ra mitiores ſint, & quæ vſu, quod etiam in <lb></lb>quadrupedibus verum eſt. </s> <s id="s.015569">Carniuoræ na<lb></lb>tura ſunt magis feræ, vſu tamen magis <lb></lb>manſueſcunt, quia neque natura, neque <lb></lb>exemplo terrentur: contrà eſt de aliis: nam <lb></lb>natura manſuetæ ſunt, non adeò tamen <lb></lb>manſueſcunt, quia timidiores, tum natu<lb></lb>ra, tum exemplo, cùm affines ſuas occidi <lb></lb>videant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015570">244 Quæritur quòd non in talpæ quæ<lb></lb>ſtione verſatus ſim. </s> <s id="s.015571">Hoc enim volebat, vt <lb></lb>eiuſmodi tricis inuolueret, vtque haberet <lb></lb>quomodocunque res cederet, in quo ſuo <lb></lb>more nugaretur, arguerétque: tum maximè, <lb></lb>quòd lucem quærere cogeremur in tenebris <lb></lb>id eſt, ſuis quibuſdam peripateticis ſuppo<lb></lb>ſitis: quibus admiſſis perpetua contentio <lb></lb>manet, cùm non veris fundamentis inni<lb></lb>tantur. </s> <s id="s.015572">Indicio eſt, tot apud illos nunc ma<lb></lb>gis, quàm antea indefinitæ quæſtiones. </s> <s id="s.015573">In<lb></lb>de etiam magis fallitur, cùm exiſtimat nos <lb></lb>voluiſſe omnium ſpecierum, & quæ eis <lb></lb>contingunt, cauſas reddere. </s> <s id="s.015574">Hoc enim pri<lb></lb>mùm eſt difficiliùs, quàm in generibus, ſicut <lb></lb>etiam in ſingulis rebus, quàm ſpeciebus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015575">Deinde quoniam infinitæ ſunt propemodum <lb></lb>ſpecies, oportet etiam ſcire operationes pro<lb></lb>prias vniuſcuiuſque earum, vt difficultatem <lb></lb>in vna hominis compoſitione videri liceat <lb></lb>apud Galenum, decem & ſeptem libris in <lb></lb>eius declaratione compoſitis. </s> <s id="s.015576">Propter hæc <lb></lb>hiſtoriam Elephanti pro exemplo omnium <lb></lb>ſatis diffusè explicauimus, vt ſi operatio <lb></lb>animalis cuiuſque tibi nota fuerit, poſſit <lb></lb>eadem ratione illa diligentius conſiderata <lb></lb>cauſa inueniri: ſed non ſit operatio nota, <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt in cauſa membrorum animalis <lb></lb>conſtituenda fruſtra niti. </s> <s id="s.015577">Ridicula verò eſt <lb></lb>affectatio nominis ſubtilitatis, atque ine<lb></lb>pta omninò enarratio, quam orditur dum <lb></lb>ſine profunda diſquiſitione, ſine operatio<lb></lb>num propriarum cognitione conatur quæ<lb></lb>dam, quibus ipſemet ſubtilitatis nomen <lb></lb>tribuit, docere: quæ adeò inepta ſunt, vt <lb></lb>facilè quiſque intelligat, nec corticem qui<lb></lb>dem orationis noſtræ penetraſſe. </s> <s id="s.015578">Atque hu<lb></lb>iuſmodi paucula exempla ſuperiùs tradidi<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.015579">Porrò & illo grauiter fallitur, quòd <lb></lb>putat totum libri contextum vniformem <lb></lb>eſſe debere, & in quo reluceat ſubtilitas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015580">In quo primùm decipitur turpiter, cùm ve<lb></lb>rè ſubtile dicit eſſe poſſe, quod non difficili<lb></lb>mum: at ille admiratur quæ intelligit. </s> <s id="s.015581">Præ<lb></lb>terea quod non animaduertit, velut in <lb></lb>corporibus carnem, & pinguedinem inter <lb></lb>oſſa à natura collocari, ita in his noſtris li<lb></lb>bris quædam velut ſolida membra ſubtili<lb></lb>tate viuida conſtat: quædam quaſi pabu<lb></lb>lum aliorum, & imperfecta demulcere poſ<lb></lb>ſunt lectores, cùm tamen profundius quæ<lb></lb>ſita prioribus etiam ſint ſubtiliora: & dif<lb></lb>ficiliora: quædam quaſi media inter vtra<lb></lb>que. </s> <s id="s.015582">At ipſe neque in noſtris operibus, nec <lb></lb>Ptolemæi, nec Ariſtotelis, quem maximè <lb></lb>profitetur, exercitatus eſt. </s> <s id="s.015583">Itaque nihil mi<lb></lb>rum, ſi adeò deſipit, vt etiam membra in <lb></lb>animalibus obiter facta affirmet, & iam <lb></lb>nihil deſit ad Epicurum, vniuerſam ſuſtu<lb></lb>lit in rebus Dei, & naturæ prouidentiam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015584">Ex his homo bellus ad inquiſitionem vſus <lb></lb>caudæ vulpis deuenit, vt ſuis frigidis iocis <lb></lb>non iam me accuſet, ſed naturam ipſam ir<lb></lb>rideat. </s> <s id="s.015585">Dixi verò oportere eum ſcire ope<lb></lb>rationes animali proprias, qui vſum mem<lb></lb>brorum ſcire velit. </s> <s id="s.015586">Quæ ratio etiam mili<lb></lb>tat in lacerta. </s> <s id="s.015587">Hoc ergo ſolùm nunc dici<lb></lb>mus, quoniam talpæ nulla erat ex cauda <lb></lb>futura vtilitas, & impedimentum attuliſſet, <lb></lb>ideò longam caudam natura non dedit. </s> <s id="s.015588">Sed <lb></lb>nec hoc intelligit: impedimentum eſt no<lb></lb>tum, at non præbere vtilitatem ideò ſci<lb></lb>mus, quia caret: at ipſe putat, ita ratioci<lb></lb>nari debere, quia nulli eſt vſui, ideò caret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015589">Quî ego hoc vel ipſe ſcire poteramus, niſi <lb></lb>omnino totam vitam talpæ exploratam ha<lb></lb>beremus? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015590">245 Accuſat nos de Gammari, & Can<lb></lb>cri ſignificato: nónne videt in ſecunda edi<lb></lb>tione emendatum primæ impreſſionis er<lb></lb>rorem? </s> <s id="s.015591">at non vidi: quid ad me? </s> <s id="s.015592">ſui erat <lb></lb>muneris? </s> <s id="s.015593">cur tam diu expectauit poſt ſecun<lb></lb>dam editionem noſtram ſuam emittere ca<lb></lb>lumniam, ſi ſecunda editio nulli vſui fuit, <lb></lb>aut futura erat? </s> <s id="s.015594">Deinde negat experimen<lb></lb>tum quòd in Gammaris: vbi veterem te<lb></lb>ſtam exuerunt, fermè omnibus lapides il<lb></lb>li inueniantur maximi. </s> <s id="s.015595">Vnde pater, cùm <lb></lb>diſputet contra experimentum, omninò <lb></lb>ſophiſticas eſſe ſuas rationes: vt veriſimile <lb></lb>ſit omnes etiam alias tales eſſe. </s> <s id="s.015596">Inde pro<lb></lb>greditur, diſputans de nomine vrſæ Ariſto<lb></lb>telis, in quo certamine, ſcilicet de nomi<lb></lb>nibus, & ipſum Rondelletium, alióſque mul<lb></lb>tos video periclitari, ducto exemplo eorum <lb></lb>qui <expan abbr="Diſcoridẽ">Diſcoridem</expan> interpretantur, ſed perpeàm: <lb></lb>nam non licet, vbi certamen hoc, vel no<lb></lb>titia nulli vſui futura eſt. </s> <s id="s.015597">Quòd ſi aliquas <lb></lb>proprietates Ariſtoteles adiiciat, illas quæ<lb></lb>rat in eis, & ex his de nomine diiudicet, <lb></lb>nec pariatis diſceptationes infinitas nullum <lb></lb>ob commodum: at in Medicina neceſſaria <lb></lb>ſunt, quoniam vſus requirit. </s> <s id="s.015598">Et aliter hoc <lb></lb>ſcire non poſſumus, quid ſit quod quæ<lb></lb>ritur? </s> <s id="s.015599">Similes hi ſunt qui quærunt in Ma<lb></lb>thematicis quid voluerit Euclides? </s> <s id="s.015600">nam <lb></lb>non vt Philoſophia res authoritate indi<lb></lb>get: ſed ſeu dixerit, ſeu non dixerit Eu<lb></lb>clides, tantum habemus quantum ex decla<lb></lb>ratione concludere licet. </s> <s id="s.015601">Hinc factum eſt, <lb></lb>vt hic vir ob rem nullius ( vt dixi ) momen<lb></lb>ti prodens mores ſuos, ſuum quem appel<lb></lb>larat amiciſſimum Rondelletium, accuſet, <lb></lb>non hæc ab illo meritum. </s> <s id="s.015602">Vt ſit, qualis <lb></lb>eſſet docuit, nam vel in pluribus errauit <lb></lb>Rondelletius, vel paucis? </s> <s id="s.015603">Si pluribus, dam<lb></lb>natur iudicio illius, & qui nihil aliud egit tota <pb pagenum="702" xlink:href="016/01/349.jpg"></pb>vita, quàm nomina piſcium congerere, <lb></lb>qui nihil aliud quàm piſces olet, ab amiſſi<lb></lb>mo tanquam imperitus damnatur, vt iam <lb></lb>ei nihil reliquum ſit. </s> <s id="s.015604">Si tantum in his pau<lb></lb>cis, in quibus hic illum accuſat, at non <lb></lb>præſtabat ſi vel ſolùm illi etiam nomine no<lb></lb>tus eſſet, eum admonere priuatim, vt ſe <lb></lb>corrigeret? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015605">246 Quis videt me hîc exultantem? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015606">ſed non poteram diſſimulare, cùm Galenus <lb></lb>ſine cerebro, Ariſtoteles ſine corde neget <lb></lb>motum partibus ineſſe. </s> <s id="s.015607">Cæterùm quod di-<lb></lb>cat, perire diuiſionem datam, non animad<lb></lb>uertit in entomis ſenſum etiam non ſolùm <lb></lb>motum ſeruari. </s> <s id="s.015608">In tertia ſectione reprehen<lb></lb>dit, quod portentoſa animalia dixerim? </s> <s id="s.015609">nón<lb></lb>ne portentoſum eſt in lapidibus, & ſub ter<lb></lb>ra naſci? </s> <s id="s.015610">forma etiam gammarorum, & in<lb></lb>ceſſus cancrorum peculiaris. </s> <s id="s.015611">Sed quid ipſe <lb></lb>muſcerdæ meminit, tanquam ſtercoris muſ<lb></lb>cæ, cùm ſit muris ſtercus? </s> <s id="s.015612">Vellicat quod <lb></lb>muſcas dixerim alicubi non ingredi: certum <lb></lb>eſt ita eſſe. </s> <s id="s.015613">Cauſæ quas adduximus ſatis <lb></lb>probabiles: commendaretur ſi veras attu<lb></lb>liſſet, non negare quod conſtat, vel ſui <lb></lb>Plinij teſtimonio. </s> <s id="s.015614">Quòd ſi quis omnes cau<lb></lb>ſas à me enarratas hîc ei quàm de turri <lb></lb>adiecimus ſociauerit, intelliget quòd fer<lb></lb>tur de domo illa Venetiis, non fuiſſe fa<lb></lb>bulam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015615">248 Eſt homini ſimul humidiſſimum, & <lb></lb>frigidiſſimum cerebrum tum multitudine, <lb></lb>tum quò magis fieri potuit: non in compa<lb></lb>ratione, vt credit ad reliqua animalia: ita <lb></lb>dupliciter fallitur: nam comparatiuè & de <lb></lb>qualitate intelligit. </s> <s id="s.015616">De mollitie etiam ab<lb></lb>errat, quia loquimur de ea quæ eſt cum ſo<lb></lb>liditate, & ita mollior homo limacibus, & <lb></lb>marinis pulmonibus: illa enim ſunt potiùs <lb></lb>laxa quàm mollia. </s> <s id="s.015617">De calidiſſimo quoque & <lb></lb>humidiſſimo, & tenuiſſima ſubſtantia, ſciat <lb></lb>id verum eſſe, quoniam cùm maximè com<lb></lb>miſta ſint elementa, attenuata ſubſtantia <lb></lb>eſt, vſque quo fieri poſſit, atque ideò ex <lb></lb>ea ſpiritus confertim generantur. </s> <s id="s.015618">Ita cor <lb></lb>hominis eſt calidiſſimum, & ſicciſſimum, <lb></lb>quia plus habet elementi terrei exactè con<lb></lb>cocti, hoc idem tamen propter commiſtio<lb></lb>nem, & qualitates obtuſas proximum eſt <lb></lb>temperamento. </s> <s id="s.015619">Quid plura? </s> <s id="s.015620">ac ſi vellem <lb></lb>fractam nolam totam denuò conficere, <lb></lb>imbutum falſis principiis perſuaſione de ſe<lb></lb>metipſo ampla, in atrium veritatis dedu<lb></lb>cere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015621">250 Poſtquàm rationibus nec experi<lb></lb>mentis vincere non poteſt, ad pietatis pa<lb></lb>trocinium ſe referat, quòd plures opifices <lb></lb>quaſi plures Deos poſuerim. </s> <s id="s.015622">At non videt <lb></lb>principem aliquem multa habentem ſigilla? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015623">Et qualis inſpiratur animus ſingulis? </s> <s id="s.015624">Et <lb></lb>non differunt, ſeu corpora, ſeu animas di<lb></lb>xeris, ſed hæc ad æternitatis arcana remi<lb></lb>ſimus. </s> <s id="s.015625">In quinta ſectione, muſca eſt pro<lb></lb>pter ornatum, eadem eſt ad perfectionem: <lb></lb>perfectio enim ornatus, vt in ædibus. </s> <s id="s.015626">Di<lb></lb>xi ſuperiùs, non omnes cauſas propoſitum <lb></lb>mihi eſſe vt explicarem, ſed præcipuas, <lb></lb>aut ſi ex his tanquam annexæ aliæ pen<lb></lb>deant. </s> <s id="s.015627">Inde nugatur clamoſus hic Gramma<lb></lb>ticus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015628">251 De cognitione ſingulorum aberrat <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>(<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>vt dici ſolet <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> toto cœlo. </s> <s id="s.015629">Optimè enim & <lb></lb>longè exquiſitius à ſuperis cognoſcuntur, <lb></lb>quàm ab hominibus, ſed non eodem modo, <lb></lb>neque ſub eiſdem rationibus omnibus, ſed <lb></lb>plerunque, aut ſemper aliis, iiſque meliori<lb></lb>bus, ideò nugatur vt ſolet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015630">252 Simia, & elephas non ſunt ſagaciora <lb></lb>cane, vel vulpe, ſunt tamen prudentiora, nam <lb></lb>& inter homìnes prudentiores ſunt multi, <lb></lb>rudi Minerua. </s> <s id="s.015631">De nomine ſagacis ſi non pla<lb></lb>cet, accipiamus aſtutum, vafrum. </s> <s id="s.015632">Quanquam <lb></lb>& Cicero, & Feſtus, & alij in eodem quo <lb></lb>nos ſenſu accipiant. </s> <s id="s.015633">Ita hic nouus Priſ<lb></lb>cianus, docet nos deſipere, impudens <lb></lb>venia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015634">253 Hominis corpus denſiſſimum eſſe <lb></lb>non putat, quia piloſum, & ſudet: num <lb></lb>aues, & quadrupedia plumis, & pilis fre<lb></lb>quentioribus obſita ſunt? </s> <s id="s.015635">denſitas eſt in ſub<lb></lb>ſtantia, non inter ſubſtantiæ partes. </s> <s id="s.015636">Stul<lb></lb>tum eſt puerilibus illius obiectionibus re<lb></lb>ſpondere, ſed tamen ob ineptos volumus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015637">Puram terram, quæ igne repurgatur, voca<lb></lb>mus: nam putreſcit, dum oſſa manent, vi<lb></lb>detur plus continere illius elementi. </s> <s id="s.015638">Quis <lb></lb>non videt indignas has obiectiones, vel idio<lb></lb>tas viro, nedum Philoſopho? </s> <s id="s.015639">Solùm id iure <lb></lb>dubitatum, quod tamen experimento ve<lb></lb>rum èſſe conſtat, quónam pacto tanto cum <lb></lb>pondere homo conſiſtat, tam parum ter<lb></lb>ræ contineat? </s> <s id="s.015640">Videretur enim vt ipſe re<lb></lb>ctè dubitat, totus aqueas eſſe? </s> <s id="s.015641">ob id ergo <lb></lb>dicimus hominem multò plus terræ ela<lb></lb>boratæ continere, quæ dum putreſcit, aut <lb></lb>vritur, corpus exhalat: ideo hæc pura ter<lb></lb>ra non eſt, ſed media inter ignem & ter<lb></lb>ram: ergo non grauis? </s> <s id="s.015642">falleris. </s> <s id="s.015643">In pyrio <lb></lb>enim puluere eſt grauitas, & tamen vis <lb></lb>ignea ſuperior eſt. </s> <s id="s.015644">Si hoc modo dubitaſ<lb></lb>ſet, certè laude dignus eſſet. </s> <s id="s.015645">At non pu<lb></lb>det quæcunque in buccam veniunt mandare <lb></lb>ſcriptis, & tot ineptiis chartas implere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015646">254 Hic tanta molitur ſuper verbo Co<lb></lb>gnoſcerentur, cùm non ſolùm ſecunda, <lb></lb>ſed prima editio Norinbergenſis habeat <lb></lb>Cognoſceret, quod ipſemet probat, vt ſtu<lb></lb>porem hominis admirari cogar. </s> <s id="s.015647">Inter co<lb></lb>gnoſceret & cognoſcerentur præter notam, <lb></lb>neceſſaria etiam erat interpoſito literæ N, <lb></lb>vt vix credere poſſim, in Lugdunenſi, <lb></lb>aut Lutetiana erratum. </s> <s id="s.015648">Sed ſit ita modò? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015649">cui imputandus eſt error? </s> <s id="s.015650">& cur non ſen<lb></lb>ſus ipſe rei eum admonuit? </s> <s id="s.015651">Adducit ani<lb></lb>malia quæ fallant: ſolus homo fallit, il<lb></lb>la decipiunt, & naturæ impulſu, non me<lb></lb>ditatione. </s> <s id="s.015652">Dicit deinde fallere, non eſſe <lb></lb>finem hominis? </s> <s id="s.015653">eſt, ſed non perfecti. </s> <s id="s.015654">Quæ<lb></lb>dam enim ſunt propter finem, quædam <lb></lb>ſunt neceſſaria, & quædam conſequen<lb></lb>tia: hoc eſt, conſequens & neceſſarium, <lb></lb>non tamen in finis ratione continetur, <lb></lb>ſicut finis ciuitatis eſt vnio. </s> <s id="s.015655">Ex hoc ta<lb></lb>men neceſſariò conſequuntur lites & diſ<lb></lb>cordiæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015656">256 Vera fatetur ipſe. </s> <s id="s.015657">Nihil enim inueni<lb></lb>re nouit, ſed aliena congerere: nos plura in<lb></lb>uenimus quàm acceperimus. </s> <s id="s.015658">Quod ſi om<lb></lb>nes aliena corraderent, vnde iam incremen<lb></lb>tum artibus: ita hic, vt Cicero ait, valuit <pb pagenum="703" xlink:href="016/01/350.jpg"></pb>ſibi detrahere titulum immeritum, ne me<lb></lb>ritum aliis reddere cogeretur. </s> <s id="s.015659">Inde ſubiicit <lb></lb>tot Græca verba, vt paſſim: quæ quorſum, <lb></lb>cùm conuerſa habeantur. </s> <s id="s.015660">Si enim non erra<lb></lb>runt interpretes, ad quid puerilis hæc oſten<lb></lb>tatio? </s> <s id="s.015661">ſi errarunt, vbi admones? </s> <s id="s.015662">Licet tri<lb></lb>bus in caſibus Græca miſcere libris, vel cum <lb></lb>Latina non habentur, id tam rarò facit, vt <lb></lb>vix duobus, aut tribus locis è pluſquam bis <lb></lb>millibus Græcis auctoritatibus citatis, vt <lb></lb>exiſtimare quiſque poſſit eum, nec illius <lb></lb>linguæ peritiam vllam habere: nam quis <lb></lb>neſciat vel ſimplici opera anagnoſtæ, quæ <lb></lb>Latinæ leguntur tranſcribere, ex codice <lb></lb>Græco ei reſpondente? </s> <s id="s.015663">Vel vbi lis eſt in le<lb></lb>ctione, vel dictione, vel ſenſu, quomodo <lb></lb>nos in contradicentibus id facere ſæpiùs co<lb></lb>acti ſumus, quàm voluimus: hîc nulla ap<lb></lb>paret lis. </s> <s id="s.015664">Vel cùm res adeò grauis eſt, vt <lb></lb>vereamur, ne quis interpretatione maiorem <lb></lb>emphaſim addiderit, qua ratione in libello <lb></lb>de Animi immortalitate, etiam id facere <lb></lb>neceſſarium fuit. </s> <s id="s.015665">Cæterùm in aliis ſi quis <lb></lb>faciat, inepta ac puerili ambitione id feciſ<lb></lb>ſe haud dubium eſt. </s> <s id="s.015666">Attamen dices. </s> <s id="s.015667">Fuch<lb></lb>ſius fecit in ſuis Paradoxis, & tu in libris de <lb></lb>Sapientia? </s> <s id="s.015668">Sed vtriuſque inuentum eſt, & ta<lb></lb>men vterque reprehenſione dignus eſt. </s> <s id="s.015669">Ego <lb></lb>etiam reprehenſus, & meritò: ſi contingat <lb></lb>denuò edere, intelligent homines, quod in <lb></lb>pleriſque aliis, in quibus occaſio talis conti<lb></lb>git, malle me iuſtè cedere, quàm iniuſtè re<lb></lb>niti. </s> <s id="s.015670">Vterque etiam noſtrum ab hac inepta <lb></lb>oſtentatione abſtinuit: at noſtra ſepia dum <lb></lb>alij in ſenio ſapere incipiunt, ipſa deſipere <lb></lb>occipit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015671">259 Hic ſuo more nugatur nihil ad pro<lb></lb>poſitum, ſed quæcunque legit, vel audiuit, <lb></lb>etiam ab aniculis omnia contulit in has <lb></lb>exercitationes. </s> <s id="s.015672">Si Hebræa compoſita, & <lb></lb>perfecta eſt, quid plus habet? </s> <s id="s.015673">num negat <lb></lb>præter diuerſa nominum ſignificata, diuer<lb></lb>ſos pronuntiandi modos eſſe, atque tales vt <lb></lb>vnius verba ab alio pronunciari nequeant, <lb></lb>quæ de connexione adducit, non ſunt vera, <lb></lb>aut non primæ cauſæ: ſed vſus primum inde <lb></lb>linguæ lenitas. </s> <s id="s.015674">Latina enim vt plurimum in <lb></lb>fine accentum grauem habet, rotundát que <lb></lb>extremum dictionis. </s> <s id="s.015675">Quæ autem de mater<lb></lb>næ Italicæ compoſitione dicit, neſcio an <lb></lb>ſomniauerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015676">260 Ridicula eſt exprobratio ambitionis, <lb></lb>qui ipſe non aliud agat, quàm gloriari hic de <lb></lb>antiquitate, ſaltem teſtes, vt crederemus ap<lb></lb>poſuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.015677">Ridiculoſius, quòd hiſtoriam de <lb></lb>Cairo (etiam eruditis adiicit)ſubtilem eſſe di<lb></lb>cat. </s> <s id="s.015678">Quaſi ego hiſtoriam vrbium, non cauſam <lb></lb>magnitudinis earum, inter exempla ſubtili<lb></lb>tatis adduxerim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015679">261 Prohibentur hi à legibus Chri<lb></lb>ſtiani, & Mahumethi, vt olim à ciui<lb></lb>libus Romani, & Carthaginenſes: ita vix <lb></lb>vnquam aliquid ad propoſitum. </s> <s id="s.015680">Conſtat <lb></lb>Gallos tuendæ libertatis cauſa id quandoque <lb></lb>egiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015681">262 Sequutus ſum authores, ſecutus ſum <lb></lb>morem tabellionum, qui nomen etiam vſita<lb></lb>tum apponunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015682">263 Declamat, quòd dixerim homi<lb></lb>nem ab homine plus differre, quàm à lupo <lb></lb>capram? </s> <s id="s.015683">Quid hoc eſt? </s> <s id="s.015684">vel de ſpecie, vel de <lb></lb>moribus, vel de corpore intelligi poteſt: non <lb></lb>de ſpecie, cùm iam ſciamus lupum, & ca<lb></lb>pram ſpecie differre, non hominem ab ho<lb></lb>mine: intelligendum eſt ergo vel de corpo<lb></lb>re, vel moribus, atque in vtroque veriſſimum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.015685">Sed pulchrum erat cauſam huius inue<lb></lb>nire, quam aliàs tradidiſſe memoriæ habe<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.015686">Inde inter Philoſophos Theologus fit <lb></lb>repentè: & ex academia in ſacrarium ſe con<lb></lb>fert, in quo ne vel momento perſiſtere po<lb></lb>teſt. </s> <s id="s.015687">Raram hunc virum Mercurij conſtitu<lb></lb>tionem habere neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.015688">Inde ſublata tan<lb></lb>dem, quòd ſæpè in animo habuit, omni re<lb></lb>rum naturali ratione: vt qui flagitiosè vi<lb></lb>uunt, cùm mors aduentat, omni ſpe ſalutis ad <lb></lb>id deuenit, quo non inclyti Theologi, ſed in<lb></lb>ſania verba, vt omnia dicat ſola Dei volun<lb></lb>tate fieri. </s> <s id="s.015689">Quid ergo ædificat, vt domum ha<lb></lb>beat, ſtudet, vt ſciat, ſerit vt plantæ oriantur, <lb></lb>vxorem duxit, vt filios haberet? </s> <s id="s.015690">at omnibus <lb></lb>his nónne ſufficiebat Dei voluntas? </s> <s id="s.015691">ô meræ <lb></lb>inſaniæ caput, nugarum author: quis tan<lb></lb>dem vel mediocriter eruditus illum ferat? </s> <s id="s.015692">Sed <lb></lb>videat quò contradicendi ſtudium tranſtu<lb></lb>lerit? </s> <s id="s.015693">Quod ad Darienis narrationem atti<lb></lb>net, nouimus alibique in libris de Rerum <lb></lb>varietate docuimus, vocantúrque Patago<lb></lb>nes: at Cæſarianus ille gigas, ex his eſſe <lb></lb>non poterat, quem Italia anno 1531. vi<lb></lb>dit, cùm nondum regio illa innotuiſſet Cæ<lb></lb>ſari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015694">264 Nónne videt iam de cauſa ipſa con<lb></lb>ſtare? </s> <s id="s.015695">& eam conatur infringere. </s> <s id="s.015696">Quæ enim <lb></lb>cauſa facit, vt pars vna ſqualeat, altera viuat, <lb></lb>& luxuriet, eadem tum ſoli diſcrimen fœ<lb></lb>cundum aut ſterilem faciunt, vt habitus in<lb></lb>colarum etiam ipſi diuerſi ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015697">268 Species non miſcentur, vel eſt princi<lb></lb>pium, cuius oppoſitum tamen eſt euiden<lb></lb>tius in cane, alopeca, mula: vel debet <lb></lb>demonſtrari. </s> <s id="s.015698">Ita ſunt axiomata contentio<lb></lb>ſorum. </s> <s id="s.015699">Quia tamen nihil ad nos quid re<lb></lb>fert? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015700">269 Quærit meritò de auiculis, quæ cùm <lb></lb>breuis vitæ ſint, maximè paſſeribus, non ta<lb></lb>men corpora earum inueniuntur? </s> <s id="s.015701">Reſpondeo <lb></lb>moriuntur omnes hyeme: & inueniuntur ali<lb></lb>quæ, præueniunt tamen animalia famelica <lb></lb>noſtram incuriam: par eſt etiam in nidis pe<lb></lb>rire: at paſſerum nidis in foraminibus muro<lb></lb>rum inacceſſis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015702">270 Non exteriorum, ſed membrorum <lb></lb>principalium ratio habenda eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015703">272. 273 Mirus conſenſus veritatis: ra<lb></lb>tio qua oſtendit non dari aurum potabile, <lb></lb>eadem eſt ad vnguem cum ea, qua & ego <lb></lb>in libro de Aqua, & æthere vſus ſum, ad <lb></lb>declarandum aurum potabile fieri non poſ<lb></lb>ſe. </s> <s id="s.015704">Porrò liber hic iam diu tranſmiſſus ad <lb></lb>Typographum, nondum tamen editus <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.015705">Similiter de ſpiratione piſcium, li<lb></lb>cet non exquiſitè eiſdem verbis fermè, ta<lb></lb>men iiſdem argumentis contra eundem <lb></lb>Rondelletium ſcripſi in libris de Rerum <lb></lb>varietate, editis ante ſuas exercitationes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015706">Itaque ſi omnia tam fœliciter, nulli pòſt <lb></lb>habendus eſſet ſuus liber. </s> <s id="s.015707">Sed caſu benè inter <lb></lb>tot temerè ſcripta, vt contrà inter multa <lb></lb>benè, ſi quid temerè videntur, ſicut illud, de <pb pagenum="704" xlink:href="016/01/351.jpg"></pb>quo tanta hic de Crabronibus: vbi ſcarabeis <lb></lb>legi debuerat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015708">274 Quid Periander, Lyſander, Alcibia<lb></lb>des, Demoſthenes, Æſchines, Pharis, Cato <lb></lb>maior, Cicero, Hortenſius, Saluſtius, Lu<lb></lb>cianus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015709">275 Motus eſt cauſa breuitatis, quies <lb></lb>cùm ſit priuatio, non eſt cauſa longitudinis <lb></lb>eius, ſed non impedit eam. </s> <s id="s.015710">Vnus eſt calor <lb></lb>æthereus, non elementum ſub Luna, ſed vis <lb></lb>cœleſtis motu impreſſa, motu conſeruata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015711">Cætera nugæ meræ, vt ſolet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015712">278 Piſces maximè mobiles ſunt, quia <lb></lb>nullo labore prorſus, quia ſpontè pen<lb></lb>dent, mouentur, & quoniam non tam fa<lb></lb>cilè ſtant, quàm mouentur, indicio ſunt, <lb></lb>qui natant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015713">279 Reprehendit de Latinitate, quæ <lb></lb>non ſunt in codice vllo, neſcio an eſſet <lb></lb>ebrius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015714">280 Galeni ſententia defendi, licet ægrè <lb></lb>poſſit, probari non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015715">281 Saltem Galeni auctoritas de lie<lb></lb>ne illum mouiſſet, poſtquàm ratio non <lb></lb>perſuaſit. </s> <s id="s.015716">Lien rarior eſt, & craſſior, ca<lb></lb>ro tenuior, & denſior. </s> <s id="s.015717">At pulmonis <foreign lang="grc">πα<lb></lb>ρέγχυμα</foreign> concoctu difficilius alia ratione: <lb></lb>plus enim diſtat à natura chymi: lien ergo <lb></lb>dupliciter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015718">283 Hic nugatur, nam declaratio <lb></lb>oſtendit eadem eſſe in ſiccis, nam humida <lb></lb>cohærent, etiam ſi craſſa ſint. </s> <s id="s.015719">Sed falli<lb></lb>tur, quoniam quæ ſpiraculis abundant, <lb></lb>rara eſſe credit. </s> <s id="s.015720">De ſuo Thur, ſibi reſpon<lb></lb>det. </s> <s id="s.015721">De pumice, craſſior eſt, quàm lapis ex <lb></lb>quo factus eſt, etiam plerunque craſſus, <lb></lb>nónne dixi ignem, quod relinquitur, craſſius <lb></lb>redditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015722">284 Vides adeò illum inſanire, vt etiam <lb></lb>res rebus contradicere putet. </s> <s id="s.015723">Strigoſi poſ<lb></lb>ſunt abundare intùs humido pingui. </s> <s id="s.015724">An<lb></lb>glorum regio temperatior noſtra, quia mi<lb></lb>nus diſcriminis inter tempora, minùs fri<lb></lb>gida hyems, minùs calida æſtas. </s> <s id="s.015725">In iuuen<lb></lb>ta etiam ſolida reſtaurantur, ſed non magnis <lb></lb>ex defectibus, vt vulneribus, à quibus etiam <lb></lb>pueri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015726">285 Calidum pro ſyncero & mundo ac<lb></lb>cipere licuit, ſed huic ranæ ramicum cu<lb></lb>ratrici, ne faſtidium pareremus, vtque <lb></lb>tandem aliquid in tot conatibus impetraſ<lb></lb>ſe videatur, ſuſtulimus. </s> <s id="s.015727">Imitati Colum<lb></lb>nam cardinalem, qui cùm fratrem nimij <lb></lb>ſumptus argueret, tandem ex centum viginti <lb></lb>familiaribus ſocium precum ſacerdotum <lb></lb>tanquam ſuperfluum è familiæ numero ſu<lb></lb>ſtulit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015728">288 Hic ſuum tandem (adeò cupidus eſt, <lb></lb>nos inſectandi)lancinat Ariſtotelem, vir om<lb></lb>nium, quos viderim, cognouerim, audierim, <lb></lb>maximè inconſtans. </s> <s id="s.015729">Et quid nugatur neſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015730">Illud etiam ridiculum, quòd putat nigrum <lb></lb>in oui cacumine oſtendere roſtri genera<lb></lb>tionem, nec animaduertit dum pullus ge<lb></lb>neratur, roſtrum ſub ala ſiniſtra latere. </s> <s id="s.015731">Ita <lb></lb>vir hic cùm de rebus ipſis agit, illicò cadit in <lb></lb>foueam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015732">290 Durum videtur, quod fœtus ſubeat <lb></lb>formas innumerabiles, tum quia vbi prin<lb></lb>cipium & finis, id numera terminari poteſt: <lb></lb>falſum vt in viſibilibus ſpeciebus: ſolùm ve<lb></lb>rò vbi tale principium, & finis non loco, <lb></lb>ſed numero terminatur, tum quia generatio <lb></lb>non eſt motus, ſed varietas illa eſt mutatio <lb></lb>in qualitate: cùm ergo ex ouo iam genita <lb></lb>ſunt cor, & iecur, tantùm, vtrum erit <lb></lb>ouum, & caro ſimul, ergo pars pullus, & <lb></lb>pars ouum, & ita duo. </s> <s id="s.015733">Deinde ſi manet for<lb></lb>ma oui, donec fit pullus erit mortuus calidior <lb></lb>viuente. </s> <s id="s.015734">Fiat ex A, termino oui perfecto, <lb></lb>permanemus vſque quò perueniat ad B, pul<lb></lb>lus, qui abſoluatur in C, idem cùm mori<lb></lb>tur, quia per te non niſi in extremo mori<lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.351.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/351/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tur, perueniat ex E, in F: igitur ſit A H, <lb></lb>æqualis F G: & E K, æqualis B C: erit to<lb></lb>ta BH, mortuum, ſeu ouum, calidius, quàm <lb></lb>in toto K F, pullo viuente. </s> <s id="s.015735">Et propter hoc <lb></lb>longè melius Melanchthon, quàm qui ſic <lb></lb>Ariſtotelem interpretantur. </s> <s id="s.015736">Nam & acci<lb></lb>dentia declarat, quod generatur non eſſe <lb></lb>quod generabitur, nec id ex quo gene<lb></lb>ratur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015737">292 Nunquam exiſtimaſſem eum adeò <lb></lb>inſanum eſſe vt video. </s> <s id="s.015738">Hic tanta de Siligi<lb></lb>ne, & Baorea præter propoſitum, nobis <lb></lb>enim notiſſima eſt, quàm ſiliginem eſſe pu<lb></lb>tant, qua conficiunt Germani panem, ob <lb></lb>tritici ſcilicet defectum. </s> <s id="s.015739">Vult autem ſiligi<lb></lb>nem eſſe zeam, hic non eſt locus adhuc di<lb></lb>ſputationi, ſed in commentariis medicis, <lb></lb>dum profiterer, nemini abundè tractaſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015740">Vnum eſt, te confici tuo argumento: Siligo <lb></lb>non habet nomen Græcum, zea Græcum <lb></lb>eſt, ergo ſiligo non eſt zea. </s> <s id="s.015741">Spelta eſt zea, <lb></lb>ergo ſpelta non eſt ſiligo. </s> <s id="s.015742">Simili ineptia <lb></lb>cùm ego omninò non affirmen, nec ne<lb></lb>gem, maizum eſſe ſorgum diſputat, ac <lb></lb>dixiſſem, argumentiſque futilibus. </s> <s id="s.015743">Ni<lb></lb>hil inanius, dummodò loquatur, ſat <lb></lb>habet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015744">293 Loca habent vim, vt linguas, & <lb></lb>áffectus expoſcant. </s> <s id="s.015745">Germanus vix aut nun<lb></lb>quam maximo cum labore Latina, Latinè <lb></lb>proferet? </s> <s id="s.015746">Italus Germanica: attamen men<lb></lb>tis ſpecies eædem. </s> <s id="s.015747">Senties, quiſquis es, in <lb></lb>itineribus ſenſim non miſtione, ſed depra<lb></lb>uatione linguam in linguam degenerare: <lb></lb>non tamen vnam linguam locus ſibi depo<lb></lb>poſcit. </s> <s id="s.015748">Sed aſpera ſemper erit Germanica, <lb></lb>mollis Græca, dura Italica: mores enim con<lb></lb>ſequuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015749">294 Simili impudentia contra veritatem <lb></lb>luctatur, volens docere linguarum ſenſa poſ<lb></lb>ſe plenè tranſponi ex vna in aliam. </s> <s id="s.015750">Ipſe lu<lb></lb>cretur omnem meam ſubſtantiam, & ſolùm <lb></lb>primum carnem Virgilij in maternam lin<lb></lb>guam carmine reddat. </s> <s id="s.015751">Si non fateatur ſe <lb></lb>eſſe blateronem, adeò impudentem, vt <lb></lb>eius cauſa, & communis profeſſionis eru<lb></lb>beſcam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015752">De multis ſimilis ſtupor: naturâ omnes <pb pagenum="705" xlink:href="016/01/352.jpg"></pb>mali ſunt: nihil prohibet philoſophia ſupe<lb></lb>rare naturam. </s> <s id="s.015753">Hoc namque Socrates dixit, <lb></lb>Galenuſque teſtatur, tum theologi, & om<lb></lb>nes ſapiunt. </s> <s id="s.015754">Sunt autem mali, quia lumina<lb></lb>rium alterum in horum genituris à malefi<lb></lb>cis ſuperatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015755">296. Vide quomodo contractio ſit remiſ<lb></lb>ſio à grauitate, cùm in febribus perſæpè ex<lb></lb>tenſione ſit celeriter. </s> <s id="s.015756">Sed hoc volui ſcrip<lb></lb>ſiſſe ad eos, qui peripatetica iſta fundamen<lb></lb>ta adeò mordicus retinent: nam hoc illi hic <lb></lb>ſuo more imponere nolo, tractauimus autem <lb></lb>aliàs diligenter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015757">297. Non aliud facit, quàm quod decla<lb></lb>rat, quantò principia noſtra peripatetico<lb></lb>rum quorundam interpretationibus ſint me<lb></lb>liora, poſtquam nos quatuor verbis ſuffi<lb></lb>cienter ac declaratiuè depreſſimus, quæ ille <lb></lb>tot chartis, nec poteſt perſuadere. </s> <s id="s.015758">Sed adeò <lb></lb>liuore amens eſt, vt cauſam non ſolùm ſuam <lb></lb>procedat, ſed quantum in ſe eſt, etiam om<lb></lb>nium peripateticorum, ne noſtræ inuentio<lb></lb>ni ſubſcribat. </s> <s id="s.015759">Reprehendit hæc rana rami<lb></lb>cum curatrix directè, volens ſubſtituere ex <lb></lb>aduerſo, cùm è regione, & non ſinuosè ad <lb></lb>oculum ſpecies ferantur, quorum neutrum <lb></lb>generale eſt auditui, vel olfactui. </s> <s id="s.015760">Ecce vi<lb></lb>des ſtultitiam cum imperitia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015761">298. Non minus turpi lapſu hic cadit, <lb></lb>quod ei adeò familiare eſt, vt audeam dice<lb></lb>re in toto hoc libro, vbi res aliqua natura<lb></lb>lis tractatur, & non nugæ, ac gerræ vix <lb></lb>vnquam attigiſſe ſcopum, ſed vbique fal<lb></lb>ſum deprehendi. </s> <s id="s.015762">Ecce non videt diſcrimen <lb></lb>inter illuminare, quòd certè ſenſim fit at<lb></lb>que progreditur, vt nos antea docueramus, <lb></lb>vbi de luce, & lumine egimus, & vnius ra<lb></lb>dij tranſitum, qui neceſſariò fit repente, vt <lb></lb>facilè ex ecclipſi ſolis, & mathematicè, & <lb></lb>naturaliter declarari poteſt In quarta ſectio<lb></lb>ne, conatur veras cauſas tollere, nec habet, <lb></lb>quod ſubſtituat: nam de mortuis, qui eos <lb></lb>eſſe non exiſtimant, tamen & ipſi timent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015763">Deinde ſi cauſam haberet manifeſtam, non <lb></lb>eſſet contentio inter medicos, & philoſo<lb></lb>phos. </s> <s id="s.015764">Ita hic vir, ad deſtruendum bonas ar<lb></lb>tes ſolùm natus videtur. </s> <s id="s.015765">Sic in ſequenti ſe<lb></lb>ctione, tactus etſi deſtruatur, reparatur, vi<lb></lb>ſus non ita. </s> <s id="s.015766">In ſeptima non intelligit, tam <lb></lb>inſtrumentum, quàm facultatem compre<lb></lb>hendi eo figuræ genere. </s> <s id="s.015767">De ſimiis neutrum <lb></lb>eſt, cùm vtrunque adeſſe velit: diu enim <lb></lb>odoratu explorant, quia parùm eo ſenſu <lb></lb>valent: nec argumentum à ſimia ad ho<lb></lb>minem probat, niſi eandem demonſtraueris <lb></lb>eſſe compoſitionem in vtroque. </s> <s id="s.015768">Canes olfa<lb></lb>ctu quantum præſtant, tantum viſu defi<lb></lb>ciuntur: nam nec propè agnoſcunt domi<lb></lb>num, niſi olfactu experiantur. </s> <s id="s.015769">In decima <lb></lb>rurſus damnat Ariſtotelem, vt me accuſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015770">Segmenta illa cùm ſcribebam, nondum <lb></lb>omnia mihi comparaueram, prodibunt Deo <lb></lb>volente emendatiora: ſed non ob hoc friuo<lb></lb>la, ſed ob res maioris momenti. </s> <s id="s.015771">Verùm & in <lb></lb>commentariis aliam rationem ex Ptolemæo <lb></lb>ſecuti ſumus, ſiquidem & aliter colorum <lb></lb>eſſentiam, nomina, & ordinem conſtitue<lb></lb>bamus, cum de ecclipſi loqueremur. </s> <s id="s.015772">Cæte<lb></lb>rùm, quæ in 11. ſectione adiicit, perfectè <lb></lb>vanitatem ſuam declarant, vt vix credam <lb></lb>eſſe ſua. </s> <s id="s.015773">Se grauiorem iudicio, animo viui<lb></lb>diore? </s> <s id="s.015774">ſit ita: ex ore ſuo tamen, quàm de<lb></lb>ceant intelligis? </s> <s id="s.015775">at corpore robuſtiore, fa<lb></lb>milia nobiliore quid ad propoſitum? </s> <s id="s.015776">Simi<lb></lb>le illud in 246. exercitatione: Canes tui <lb></lb>fortuna ſua defuncti ſunt: hunc dictato<lb></lb>rem alterius vitæ ( caput ſanè noui ) opor<lb></lb>tet eſſe. </s> <s id="s.015777">Sic ſimile illud de iudicio eſt ſo<lb></lb>phiſmati Entisberi. </s> <s id="s.015778">Ego dico falſum: ſi <lb></lb>enim hæc profert, iudicio non valet? </s> <s id="s.015779">Sed <lb></lb>ignoſcendum illi audio enim Vaſcones il<lb></lb>los, apud quos degit, malos vicinos eſſe, qui <lb></lb>cùm illum laudare vnquam noluerint, ſæ<lb></lb>piùs cogitur præco eſſe laudum ſuarum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015780">Multi enim cùm hæc deliramenta legerent, <lb></lb>non è dignitate mea putabant eſſe, vt quic<lb></lb>quam illi reſponderem: at ego maiores bu<lb></lb>cella ſoleo deuorare, veritatis amore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015781">299. Sæpè dixi maiori ſtultitia me nota<lb></lb>ri debere, qui tam ſtultis reſpondeam obie<lb></lb>ctionis: ſed tamen volo, vt intelligant ho<lb></lb>mines, quàm leuibus anſis innitatur. </s> <s id="s.015782">Eſt <lb></lb>vbique dolor, & voluptas, non qualis in <lb></lb>Venere, ſed qualis ſcalpendo in ſcabie, ca<lb></lb>lefaciendo in frigore, titillando, atque dum <lb></lb>ſanantur vulnera. </s> <s id="s.015783">Eſt aliud proprium in <lb></lb>genitalibus membris, quod dolorem pro <lb></lb>contrario non habet, quia naturæ neceſſe <lb></lb>fuit: nam & in eiſdem membris adeſt ter<lb></lb>tium genus, ſcilicèt dolor, & voluptas, <lb></lb>communia toti corpori: ſed quiá voluptas <lb></lb>ad irritanda animalia ad Venerem non ſuf<lb></lb>ficiebat, alia addita eſt alterius generis do<lb></lb>lor, non cùm generalis ſufficeret. </s> <s id="s.015784">Hæc & <lb></lb>alia ſi ſic expoſuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.015785">Hæc & alia ſi ſic expo<lb></lb>ſuiſſet: nec voluiſſet ſpontè deſipere, maio<lb></lb>rem legentibus voluptatem, cunctis vtili<lb></lb>tatem, ſibi gloriam comparaſſet. </s> <s id="s.015786">Ergo ſimi<lb></lb>li vanitate dolorem dicit non ſentiri: nos <lb></lb>aliàs docuimus, ex ipſa experientia, & <lb></lb>Conciliatoris autoritate ita ſentiri, vt nihil <lb></lb>aliud ſentiretur: ſed nebulo hic quicunque <lb></lb>ſit, vbi ſe in illa, quam vocat prima philo<lb></lb>ſophia inuoluit, vt in cœno ſus volutatur, <lb></lb>hoc ſolum nixus, vt omnia confunderet, <lb></lb>omnia benè inuenta tolleret, ſuam vani<lb></lb>tatem oſtenderet. </s> <s id="s.015787">Voluptas, & dolor ( in<lb></lb>quit ) ſenſio eſt, ſenſio non ſentitur, vbi <lb></lb>primùm ſenſionem inuenit Latinè Latiniſ<lb></lb>ſimus vir? </s> <s id="s.015788">ſed omittamus, voluptas, & do<lb></lb>lor ſenſus ſunt: hoc enim Latinum eſt, & <lb></lb>nulla affectatum cura: quid ſi quis neget ti<lb></lb>bi, quod iure negandum? </s> <s id="s.015789">vbi probas, quod <lb></lb>probare debes? </s> <s id="s.015790">ſed, vt dicitur, principium <lb></lb>petis: quod maximè declarari poſtulabat; <lb></lb>tanquam clarum præſupponis. </s> <s id="s.015791">O amentiam <lb></lb>ſingularem? </s> <s id="s.015792">audaciam intolerandam? </s> <s id="s.015793">per<lb></lb>tinaciam faſtidioſam? </s> <s id="s.015794">moreſque, qui etiam <lb></lb>Iobi patientiam frangerent? </s> <s id="s.015795">nam ego de <lb></lb>hac virtute ſolebam gloriari, non de ſa<lb></lb>pientia, vel eruditione, aliiſque ſimilibus <lb></lb>vt tu. </s> <s id="s.015796">Verùm & hanc mihi deeſſe Deus me <lb></lb>docuit, vt qui paucitatem, morbos, calum<lb></lb>nias, coniurationes facilè pertulerim, huius <lb></lb>nugæ, amentiaque ad hæc quæſcio me di<lb></lb>gna non eſſe, coactum irritarint: male ge<lb></lb>nio nate? </s> <s id="s.015797">At dicet quiſpiam, cur adeò iraſ<lb></lb>ceris? </s> <s id="s.015798">non ob eius calumnias, non ob ma<lb></lb>ledicta, non ob falſas interpretationes, <lb></lb>quamvis in omnibus modum exceſſerint, <pb pagenum="706" xlink:href="016/01/353.jpg"></pb>quamvis nullo exemplo talia in me, in bo<lb></lb>nas diſciplinas molitus ſit: quamvis ſingu<lb></lb>laris imperitiæ, amentiæ, malignitatis argu<lb></lb>menta dederit, ſed quòd alieno nomine pue<lb></lb>riliter conatus ſit peſſimo exemplo nobis il<lb></lb>ludere. </s> <s id="s.015799">Nam ſi per hos ſycophantas licet <lb></lb>oppetere probis viris: qui opes, operam, vi<lb></lb>tam denique ipſam pro ſtudiis impende<lb></lb>runt, quónam peiore exemplo immaniſſi<lb></lb>mi tyranni vti poterunt, quàm vt per ſcur<lb></lb>ras, & mimos ludibrio exhibeantur artes, & <lb></lb>diſciplinæ, ſimul cum ipſis, qui eas profi<lb></lb>tentur viris? </s> <s id="s.015800">Sed dij dabunt, vt faba hæc <lb></lb>in caput ſuum recudatur. </s> <s id="s.015801">Hocque ipſo li<lb></lb>bro intelligent homines nihil ſanum, nihil <lb></lb>dignum, nihil vtile à tam fœda ſentina pro<lb></lb>ficiſci poſſe. </s> <s id="s.015802">An exiſtimabat, ſi his artibus <lb></lb>honeſta gloria parari poſſet, Mediolani de<lb></lb>eſſe decem nebulones, quanquam non ex <lb></lb>ſacra medicina, qui ſimilibus illam poſſent <lb></lb>infamare? </s> <s id="s.015803">Exemplum teterrimum non ſe<lb></lb>cutus eſt, ſed inuenit impius: vt quod nun<lb></lb>quam aliàs generoſi viri in manus nephan<lb></lb>dorum imperitorum traderentur. </s> <s id="s.015804">Quid hoc <lb></lb>eſt aliud, quàm quòd in Romanis exe<lb></lb>crantur omnes boni viri, cùm homines <lb></lb>feris dilaniandos exponerent? </s> <s id="s.015805">Inde conquæ<lb></lb>ritur ſua non placere, quæ de cauſis lin<lb></lb>guæ Latinæ ſubtiliſſimè, inquit, ſcripſi, ne <lb></lb>quid amentiæ ſuæ deeſſet. </s> <s id="s.015806">Magno certè <lb></lb>malo negliguntur à grammaticis hi libri, <lb></lb>cum nihil profeſſus ſit, nihil norit, quàm <lb></lb>Grammaticam. </s> <s id="s.015807">At ipſi contradicunt, dicen<lb></lb>tes odiſſe Grammaticæ profeſſorem, qui <lb></lb>cùm ſcribat, omnes alios ſcriptores barba<lb></lb>rie ſuperauerit: ſimul illud, vt eſt genus <lb></lb>eorum clamoſum obſtrepentes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015808"><foreign lang="grc">ἄλλον ἴατρος ἀυτὸς ἕλκεσι βρύων. </foreign></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015809">300. Subdunt ſe tot illius ſtultitiæ, & te<lb></lb>meritatis exempla vt apud eos, qui non<lb></lb>dum librum eius viderint, verear ne nomen <lb></lb>calumniatoris ſubeam: ſed audi verba il<lb></lb>lius, Qua inſcitia aut negligentia M. </s> <s id="s.015810">Tul<lb></lb>lius ad tot alia ſignificanda vſus ſit. </s> <s id="s.015811">Iraſci <lb></lb>ne ego debeo, ſi illi in philoſophia non pla<lb></lb>ceo, cui M. </s> <s id="s.015812">Tullius diſplicet in Latinitate? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015813">Multos ſtultos ſcripſiſſe ſatis noui, quorum <lb></lb>etiam volumina iam per ſe exoleuerunt, at<lb></lb>tamen hoc ipſo ſtultiorum neminem vidi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015814">Inde ſubiicit in decimo Elementorum tra<lb></lb>ctari de numeris, credo neque Euclidis vel<lb></lb>amen, nedum libros viderit. </s> <s id="s.015815">Hic etiam iu<lb></lb>dex in dicta cauſa damnat loquentes de pri<lb></lb>mo cognito: nomen ſeſquitertiæ proportio<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.015816">Culpat quod dixerim, quanta poſſit <lb></lb>oculus in duobus illis experimentis, & non <lb></lb>docuerim, cur non idem aliqua arte auri<lb></lb>bus, vel naribus, aut aliis inſtrumentis effi<lb></lb>ci poteſt? </s> <s id="s.015817">Dicam vt illi morem geram: id <lb></lb>fit, quòd oculus ſyncerè, & rectè, &ex rectis <lb></lb>lineis depræhendit obiectum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015818">302 Simili peruerſitate iudicij exiſtimat <lb></lb>vocem audiri non ex lancea, ſed aëre dila<lb></lb>bente ſecus lignum, cum ſi auri admouea<lb></lb>tur, minùs ſentiatur, tùm etiam ſtridor <lb></lb>oſtendit eum decipi. </s> <s id="s.015819">Similiter & in Dieſi <lb></lb>dimidium hemitonij, quòd ex his, quæ ſen<lb></lb>tiuntur primum harmoniæ coaptari poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015820">In ſeptima diuiſione repræhendit, quòd ſy<lb></lb>ringam à fiſtula, chelin, & teſtudinem à <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">φόρμιγγα</foreign> diſtinxerim. </s> <s id="s.015821">Reſpondebo quod <lb></lb>Alexander Parmenoni. </s> <s id="s.015822">Hic cum dixiſſet, ſi <lb></lb>ego Alexander eſſem, Darij conditiones ac<lb></lb>ciperem: inquit Alexander, Et ego ſi Par<lb></lb>meno eſſem. </s> <s id="s.015823">Similiter ægrè fert, quòd om<lb></lb>nia non confuderim, repetens ſuo more: bel<lb></lb>lus ſanè homo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015824">303. Corporei ſenſus tactus, & guſtus: <lb></lb>diuini & incorporei viſus, & auditus: me<lb></lb>dius olfactus. </s> <s id="s.015825">Reuocat autem dubitationem <lb></lb>non leuem: nam Plotinus animam ſentire, <lb></lb>& hominem ſecundùm illam exiſtimat. </s> <s id="s.015826">In <lb></lb>tertia diuiſione, aliorum hiſtorias ( Bellonij) <lb></lb>tanquam ſuas quibuſdam inuerſis recitat. </s> <s id="s.015827">In <lb></lb>ſexta ſectione, vide improbam illius inſecta<lb></lb>tionem: profeſſus ſum, non niſi vera ſcrip<lb></lb>ſiſſe: ibi aio ſi verum eſt, conqueritur vera <lb></lb>non ſcripſiſſe me, & alieno nomine, & de <lb></lb>quo dubitare non licet, cùm ego dubitem, <lb></lb>& quod falſum nondum eſſe conſtat. </s> <s id="s.015828">In 7. <lb></lb>ſectione, conatur euertere pulcherrimum <lb></lb>inuentum, affirmatque dum hæc molitur, <lb></lb>vt falſus falſa muniat, cerebrum non indi<lb></lb>gere peregrina refrigeratione, contra Ga<lb></lb>lenum expreſsè in libro de Vſu reſpiratio<lb></lb>nis, atque experimentum. </s> <s id="s.015829">Ridiculum dein<lb></lb>de cum tribus verbis ſententiam noſtram <lb></lb>ſcripturum pollicetur, & tamen totidem fer<lb></lb>mè ſubiicit, quot ego, ſed neque dimidium <lb></lb>ſententiæ, quam non intelligebat, refert. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015830">Tandem adducit bugloſſum, quod potiùs <lb></lb>piloſum eſt, quàm ſpinoſum, & tamen hu<lb></lb>midum: aromata ſicca, non tamen ſpinoſa. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015831">At non videt aromata eſſe ſicca, ſed non <lb></lb>terrea: bugloſſum verò in humido craſſiore <lb></lb>iuxta pilorum ſubſtantiam aliquid contine<lb></lb>re terrei, quod cordi confert: quod ſi odo<lb></lb>ratum eſſet, tanto vtilius. </s> <s id="s.015832">Sed veriſimile eſt <lb></lb>eſſe: tamen ſub copia humidi craſſioris te<lb></lb>gi: nam & hoc in boragine agnoſcimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015833">Ita vir hic ad euertendum omnia benè in<lb></lb>uenta ſolo ductus liuore natus videtur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015834">307. Teſtimonia animi ſui depromit, ne<lb></lb>que enim malignius quicquam excogitari <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.015835">Nugatur verò in immenſum in ea <lb></lb>materia, in qua qui eruditi ſunt, maximè <lb></lb>fuerunt ( vt ita dicam <emph type="italics"></emph>)<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſobrij ac breues. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015836">Quin & adulator factus eſt: atque immode<lb></lb>ratè omnia, ne à moribus ſuis, vel vngue la<lb></lb>to recederet. </s> <s id="s.015837">Verùm tot inutilibus ac vanis <lb></lb>illius diſputationibus ( etiamſi veræ eſſent, <lb></lb>cùm tamen abſurdæ ſint, rudes, & incondi<lb></lb>tæ ) relictis videamus, an in ipſius immorta<lb></lb>litatis propoſito, quod per ſe tam dignum, <lb></lb>tam vtile atque iucundum eſt, vt neque ani<lb></lb>les in hoc argumento fabulas ſoleam aſper<lb></lb>nari, quicquam nouum, aut laude dignum in <lb></lb>medium attulerit? </s> <s id="s.015838">Vno enim hoc commodo <lb></lb>ſi quid præſtiterit, & veniam tot delicto<lb></lb>rum in diſciplinis admiſſorum, promeretur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015839">Itaque cùm plures de animorum immortali<lb></lb>tate ſcripſerint, neminem conſtat infœlicius <lb></lb>hoc calumniatore ſcripſiſſe. </s> <s id="s.015840">Primum enim <lb></lb>palàm non ſolùm de hominis anima eas ra<lb></lb>tiones oſtendere, ſed etiam cæterorum om<lb></lb>nium animalium atque plantarum conclu<lb></lb>dere. </s> <s id="s.015841">Deinde eas rationes Platonis eſſe ſal<lb></lb>tem primam ac tertiam: atque in his, quod <lb></lb>declarare debuerat maximè tanquam pro <lb></lb>axiomate aſſumi Sed quia tertia nos vtimur <pb pagenum="707" xlink:href="016/01/354.jpg"></pb>in libris de Arcanis æternitatis, videmus an <lb></lb>forſan recta via, vel ſaltem in hac inceſſe<lb></lb>rit? </s> <s id="s.015842">Ergo inquit, ſi anima manet, immor<lb></lb>talis eſt: ſi interit, igitur in nihilum tranſit, <lb></lb>eademque ratione creabitur. </s> <s id="s.015843">At hoc etiam <lb></lb>infirmius eſt reliquis argumentis, nam idem <lb></lb>concludemus de forma lateris, & oſſis: at <lb></lb>reclamabis, formæ hæ ſimplices non ſunt, <lb></lb>ſed ex materia eductæ? </s> <s id="s.015844">Vera dicis, ſed ta<lb></lb>men per ſe ſimplex eſt, & neque incremen<lb></lb>tum, aut diminutionem ſuſcipit iuxta Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelem? </s> <s id="s.015845">Dices, ſed ex materia, vt prodit, <lb></lb>& vt illi annectitur, non ſimplex eſt, ſed ex <lb></lb>quatuor elementorum miſtione conſtat. </s> <s id="s.015846">At <lb></lb>in animalibus hæc ſufficere negat Ariſtote<lb></lb>les, & veritas docet: docet: neceſſe eſt enim <lb></lb>eſſe ſpiritum, cuius forma reſpondet ele<lb></lb>mento ſtellarum dices ita ſit? </s> <s id="s.015847">tantò magis <lb></lb>miſta eſt. </s> <s id="s.015848">Tum ergo & hominis anima ſi<lb></lb>militer ex his prodit? </s> <s id="s.015849">aut igitur anima <lb></lb>ſcarbei immortalis eſt, aut anima homi<lb></lb>nis interit cum illo? </s> <s id="s.015850">Ita egregium hoc <lb></lb>ſuum argumentum eius quod declarare de<lb></lb>buerat, contrarium planè oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.015851">Poſt hęc <lb></lb>ſuo more nugatur illius exemplo, qui pel<lb></lb>lem vrſi nondum capti coriario vendere vo<lb></lb>lebat: cum enim ex eius rationibus de ani<lb></lb>mæ immortalitate non conſtet, quærit, quo<lb></lb>nam pacto Deus nouè animas creare poſſit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015852">Sed deterius hoc ipſo eſt, quot tot, tantaſ<lb></lb>que materias hic miſcet, vt etiam ſi eſſet, <lb></lb>qualis eſſe deberet, non poſſet illas maximo <lb></lb>libro abſoluere. </s> <s id="s.015853">Sed ſi talis eſſet, non tanta <lb></lb>miſceret, vt nec decimam partem concoque<lb></lb>re ſufficiat. </s> <s id="s.015854">Verùm cùm neque principiis bo<lb></lb>nis inuitatur, nec ipſe his qualiacunque ſint <lb></lb>commodè vti norit, & neque claſſica vta<lb></lb>tur inquirendæ veritatis ratione, nec ratio<lb></lb>nis ſtructura connexa ſit ac efficax, & tur<lb></lb>gens, ipſa verò farrago diſſidentibus, & <lb></lb>in connexit conſtet, factum eſt, vt nihil <lb></lb>tetrius legi poſſit. </s> <s id="s.015855">Nam nulla ratione ſibi <lb></lb>fidens, exiſtimanſque ſe alterum Apollinem, <lb></lb>quæcunque illi in bucam venit, conſcripſit, <lb></lb>vt imitatus illud videatur, quod de Pytha<lb></lb>gora diſcipuli dicebat <foreign lang="grc">ἀυτὸς ἔφα</foreign>, vt amentiæ <lb></lb>ſuæ non aliàs pulchrius ſpecimen dederit, <lb></lb>quàm hic cùm ſibi placet. </s> <s id="s.015856">Verùm neque il<lb></lb>lud credatis calorem in æſtate fieri fato, na<lb></lb>tura enim conſtat. </s> <s id="s.015857">Et quanquam hic locus <lb></lb>non ſit huius tractationis, nec æquum ſuo <lb></lb>more omnia omnibus in locis repetere at<lb></lb>que confundere, charitatis tamen cauſa <lb></lb>vnum verbum dicam, idem diuerſis modis <lb></lb>factum dicitur? </s> <s id="s.015858">veluti ceraſus oriente è po<lb></lb>mi planta per inſitionem villici, fato, natu<lb></lb>ra, conſilio, & fortuna oriri dicitur: fa<lb></lb>to, vt ad complexum omnium cauſarum res <lb></lb>comparatur: natura, vt ad ſurculum, qui in<lb></lb>ſertus eſt ramo pomi: conſilio, vt compa<lb></lb>ratur ad villicum, qui inſitionis autor fuit: <lb></lb>fortuna comparatione domini, qui neſciebat <lb></lb><expan abbr="villicũ">villicum</expan> inſeruiſſe. </s> <s id="s.015859">Vnde fortuna <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> eſt cauſa, <lb></lb>ſed modus ſciendi aut <expan abbr="cognoſcẽdi">cognoſcendi</expan>. </s> <s id="s.015860">Quantum <lb></lb>verò delinquat ipſe ac perapitici ſui, & <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb>varij ſint errandi modi vno exemplo alio <lb></lb>accommodatè ſatis, vt reor, declarabo. </s> <s id="s.015861">Ad<lb></lb>uenit vnus ex agro vir ſimplex ac verax, <lb></lb>ſed minimè ſtultus amicus meus, qui refert, <lb></lb>ſe audiſſe bouem loquentem, dicentemque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015862">Heu patriæ huic. </s> <s id="s.015863">Statim Epicurus dicet, <lb></lb>hunc virum eſſe ſtultum, aut ebrium, aut <lb></lb>mendacem? </s> <s id="s.015864">iam hic habes genus hominum <lb></lb>quoddam ſibi ſapiens: at alius Platonicus <lb></lb>dæmonas confinget. </s> <s id="s.015865">Rurſus theologus ad <lb></lb>Deum, & culpam noſtram referet. </s> <s id="s.015866">At ve<lb></lb>rus peripateticus ac prudens conabitur id <lb></lb>ex naturæ principiis, minùs quàm poterit, <lb></lb>abſurdè deducere. </s> <s id="s.015867">Aſtrologus in aſtrorum <lb></lb>vim tranferet abſurdo commento, vt aſtra <lb></lb>bouem loquentem efficere poſſint. </s> <s id="s.015868">At ſi quis <lb></lb>ad me hoc deferat, poſtquàm cognouere <lb></lb>hominis integritatem, dicam bos quidem <lb></lb>naturaliter loqui non potuit, quoniam au<lb></lb>ditionis illius primùm capax non eſt, nec in <lb></lb>memoriæ orationis, nec inſtrumenta ad lo<lb></lb>cutionem apta habet, nec ſenſim eruditus <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.015869">Ergo non loquutus omninò eſt natura<lb></lb>liter, ſed fortè nec Dei voluntate: quid <lb></lb>enim indiget Deus hoc ſermone, nonne ho<lb></lb>mines poteſt admonere abſque peruerſione <lb></lb>naturalium legum? </s> <s id="s.015870">Deus etiam æquè affici<lb></lb>tur noſtris negociis <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> res puerilibus ludis: <lb></lb>quis ergo rex eſt, qui velit leges ſuas muta<lb></lb>re ob noſtros ludos? </s> <s id="s.015871">Sed neque dæmonum <lb></lb>auxilio, nam iuxta Philoſophos non ſatis <lb></lb>primò liquet, an dæmones ſint: deinde ſi <lb></lb>admittantur, quomodo poſſunt cùm ſint in<lb></lb>corporei corpus mouere? </s> <s id="s.015872">Et ſi iam moueant, <lb></lb>non eſt inſtrumentum ſermoni aptum. </s> <s id="s.015873">Quod <lb></lb>ſi iuxta Theologos neque id, nam non con<lb></lb>ſtat vnquam in ſcripturis quantacunque <lb></lb>narrentur miracula, vnquam iumentum lo<lb></lb>cutum eſſe, niſi de aſina Balaam. </s> <s id="s.015874">Sed hoc ab <lb></lb>angelo factum eſt. </s> <s id="s.015875">Quid tandem non locu<lb></lb>tus eſt bos? </s> <s id="s.015876">ille tamen audiuit, ergo ſenſus <lb></lb>eſt affectus, vt in ſomno, in ecſtaſi, in timo<lb></lb>re ingenti. </s> <s id="s.015877">Illud ergo vel humorum vitio, <lb></lb>vel cauſa aliqua naturali inferiore, vel cœ<lb></lb>leſti propria, vel generali. </s> <s id="s.015878">Humorum vitio <lb></lb>non cùm conſtet ſibi, cùm res ſit ordinata, <lb></lb>ſcilicet ſenſus ac verba: caſus autem non <lb></lb>poteſt longum ordinem ſeruare, cauſam ſi<lb></lb>militer inferiorem excogitare, quæ tanto <lb></lb>miraculo reſpondeat difficile eſt, relinquitur <lb></lb>tandem vt ſit cauſa propria vel generalis ex <lb></lb>cœlo: ſi propria, illi minatur periculum, <lb></lb>ſed rarò id contingit: ſi generale etiam pe<lb></lb>riculum, idque frequenter euenit. </s> <s id="s.015879">Vides <lb></lb>quàm abſoluta ſit doctrina, quæ ex princi<lb></lb>piis noſtris proficiſcitur. </s> <s id="s.015880">Peripateticorum <lb></lb>autem principia adeò remota ſunt à ſenſi<lb></lb>libus, vt niſi per prudentiſſimos viros tra<lb></lb>ctentur, aut ſilere cogant hominem vere<lb></lb>cundum, aut impudentem irriſioni etiam <lb></lb>plebis exponant. </s> <s id="s.015881">At contrà ſi in prudentiſ<lb></lb>ſimum virum incidant, magnis cum labori<lb></lb>bus quæſitis ſatisfaciunt. </s> <s id="s.015882">Memini enim cùm <lb></lb>Puteoli conflagratio accidiſſet anno 1540. <lb></lb>quidam diſcipulus Auguſtini Niphi Sueſſa<lb></lb>ni Philoſophus, cuius nomen nunc è memo<lb></lb>ria excidit, adeò egregiè de illius cauſis diſ<lb></lb>ſeruit, ſed non abſque difficillimis diſputa<lb></lb>tionibus, & interpretationibus, quamvis <lb></lb>propoſito accommodatis, literam tamen ex<lb></lb>torquentibus, vt diceres fuiſſe neceſſariam <lb></lb>illam conflagrationem, potuiſſeque ex Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelis libris tanquam propheticis, ante<lb></lb>quam facta eſſet, prædici: adeò ſcitè, inge<lb></lb>nioſeque acutè omnia verba, omneſque Phi-<pb pagenum="708" xlink:href="016/01/355.jpg"></pb>loſophi ſententias ad propoſitum deducit. </s> <s id="s.015883">Et <lb></lb>id tamen ( vt dixi ) quanquam à prudentiſ<lb></lb>ſimo, ſcientiſſimo, exercitatiſſimoque viro <lb></lb>factum eſſet maxima tamen cum difficulta<lb></lb>te factum eſt. </s> <s id="s.015884">At noſtris ex principiis faci<lb></lb>liùs omnia ac planè declarari poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.015885">Porrò <lb></lb>quæ in vigeſimanona ſectione denuò repe<lb></lb>tit, intoleranda ſunt, Deum eſſe naturam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015886">Natura eſt in rebus, vt Philoſophus ait, & <lb></lb>Deus erit in ipſis. </s> <s id="s.015887">Quin quòd euidentius ibi<lb></lb>dem naturam vult eſſe in animatis, atque <lb></lb>animam fieri à Deo: anima igitur Deus eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015888">Quæcunque enim eidem ſunt vnum, vnum <lb></lb>& inter ſe ſunt. </s> <s id="s.015889">Anima igitur Deus, quæ <lb></lb>cum fiat à Deo, Deus à Deo fiet. </s> <s id="s.015890">Porrò quis <lb></lb>mente ſanus ferat tot impietates huius ho<lb></lb>minis? </s> <s id="s.015891">Hoc enim nihil aliud eſt quàm dicere, <lb></lb>quòd animus meus eſt ſubſtantia equi, dum <lb></lb>equum intelligit, aut quòd mens quæpiam <lb></lb>animalia illuſtret. </s> <s id="s.015892">Quæ tamen ille vt impia <lb></lb>accuſat. </s> <s id="s.015893">Sed ſi vlla eſſet ei mens, rogo quo<lb></lb>modo impia eſſe poſſunt? </s> <s id="s.015894">an apud Theolo<lb></lb>gos? </s> <s id="s.015895">an Philoſophos? </s> <s id="s.015896">Non Philoſophos, <lb></lb>cùm nihil ſit impium apud Philoſophos, ni<lb></lb>ſi cùm de Dei honore ac anima agitur. </s> <s id="s.015897">At <lb></lb>anima noſtra nihil eſt nobis maius, nedum <lb></lb>vt ſit Deus. </s> <s id="s.015898">Sed neque apud Theologos, quo<lb></lb>modo enim impius erit apud Theologos, <lb></lb>qui dicat naturalis ratio ac lumen, ita de <lb></lb>anima ſentiret, quia non longius proſpicere <lb></lb>poteſt, Theologus tamen diuino lumine ad <lb></lb>intus, ſi non aliter, certè ſemper meliora, <lb></lb>ac magis pia ſentit. </s> <s id="s.015899">Ita vides calumniatoris <lb></lb>impietatem inexcuſabilem. </s> <s id="s.015900">Nec prudentior <lb></lb>in aliis, inquit, in trigeſimaſecunda ſectio<lb></lb>ne: medici dicunt, priores hecticæ ſpecies <lb></lb>fieri poſſe corde illæſo, vltima oppreſſum <lb></lb>aggreſſione fatiſcere. </s> <s id="s.015901">Miſer vbi inuenit he<lb></lb>cticam vniuerſalem fieri alibi, quàm in cor<lb></lb>de cuiuſcunque ſpeciei ſit? </s> <s id="s.015902">Si de propria vni<lb></lb>cuique membro loquitur, etiam tertia poteſt <lb></lb>fieri, & in ventriculo, & in aliis membris <lb></lb>abſque cordis affectu, ni forſan cor ob co<lb></lb>ctionem vitiatam non conſenſum ſiccetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015903">Ita cùm in aliqua ſcientia propria loquitur, <lb></lb>oſtendit ſe, nec prima elementa illius atti<lb></lb>giſſe. </s> <s id="s.015904">Sed non deſinit nugari in communi<lb></lb>bus his locis: vt non ſolùm lectores, ſed ſe<lb></lb>metipſum confundat. </s> <s id="s.015905">Inde ad maledicta nul<lb></lb>la irritatus cauſa tranſit. </s> <s id="s.015906">Sed ſi diſceptando <lb></lb>ſe viciſſe confidit, quid attinet malè dice<lb></lb>re, ſit obtinere deſperat, an putat victo<lb></lb>riam rei literariæ maledictis conſtare? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015907">In trigeſimatertia ſectione, quamvis poſ<lb></lb>ſem abundè tueri etiam belluas, & animam <lb></lb>ſenſus effectricem mortem agnoſcere, ex <lb></lb>Plinij exemplo de elephantis, exhibitis in <lb></lb>ludis Gn. </s> <s id="s.015908">Pompeij, tamen vt verius; & di<lb></lb>lucidius quod ſentio exprimam, homo intel<lb></lb>lectu mortem cognoſcit: ſed vi ſenſus pa<lb></lb>uet ac timet Belluæ mortua animalia, præ<lb></lb>ſertim ſui generis agnoſcunt: vt de delphi<lb></lb>nis, qui filios ſuos mortuos deferunt, ne à <lb></lb>piſcíbus deuorentur: quid autem ſit mors <lb></lb>ignorant, quod abundè ſuperiùs explica<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015909">In trigeſimaquarta ſectione, ait: Intel<lb></lb>lectus incipit à corpore ſeparari ergo pri<lb></lb>uatio eſt motus? </s> <s id="s.015910">Ergo ad priuationem eſt <lb></lb>motus, ſic paulatim morimur, obcæcamur, <lb></lb>obſurdeſcimus, nonne iſtæ ſunt priuationes? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015911">Quis ferat intemperies huius viri? </s> <s id="s.015912">hac cau<lb></lb>ſa ſequenti ſectioni reſpondere indignum <lb></lb>puto, quæ aliquam merebantur reſponſio<lb></lb>nem, ſi obiectiones ab alio, quàm à ca<lb></lb>lumniatore factæ eſſent. </s> <s id="s.015913">Atque id præſer<lb></lb>tim omittere conuenit, quod etiam nimis <lb></lb>patefecimus, quæ obſtruſa eſſe oportuit: irri<lb></lb>tati ineptiis huius viri, qui malè interpre<lb></lb>tatur, peius argumentatur peſſimè concludit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015914">Cur tamen omnes præuideant diſceſſum <lb></lb>ſuum, id contingit, quoniam cogitationi<lb></lb>bus vehementioribus aliqui diſtrahuntur, <lb></lb>vt non ſentiant minores motus, vt contingit <lb></lb>in moletrinis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015915">303. Non patiar hunc virum debacchari <lb></lb>aduerſus ſtudia bonarum artium, aduerſus <lb></lb>cultum Dei. </s> <s id="s.015916">Repræhendit nos, qui dixeri<lb></lb>mus contemplationem producere iuuentu<lb></lb>tem. </s> <s id="s.015917">Id primùm probo experimento, quo nil <lb></lb>ſecurius: Philoſophi plerique octogeſimum <lb></lb>annum exceſſerunt. </s> <s id="s.015918">Democritus etiam cen<lb></lb>teſimum, Socrates peremptus eſt anno ſep<lb></lb>tuageſimo, quum nihil adhuc ſenile ei eſſet <lb></lb>præter prudentiam: Cato & Varro octua<lb></lb>geſimum etiam exceſſerunt. </s> <s id="s.015919">Ariſtoteles <lb></lb>multis miſeriis, ac animi moleſtiis, tamen <lb></lb>ſexageſimum exceſſit. </s> <s id="s.015920">Hippocrates 80. Ci<lb></lb>ro cùm ſexageſimum exceſſiſſet: vique pe<lb></lb>remptus ſit, tamen cùm moreretur adhuc <lb></lb>iuuenilia omnia retinebat, formam, habi<lb></lb>tum, robur animi, promptitudinem, patien<lb></lb>tiam ad labores. </s> <s id="s.015921">Idem de his qui in eremo <lb></lb>vitam beatam ducebant, quamvis ille cor<lb></lb>poris, ac vitæ incommodis premerentur: <lb></lb>plurimi tamen centeſimum annum exceſſe<lb></lb>runt, octuageſimum ſuperaſſe vulgare erat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015922">Eraſmus noſtra ætate quamvis præter mo<lb></lb>dum laboribus incubuerit, variiſque vitæ <lb></lb>incommodis, ac animi moleſtiis preſſus, ſep<lb></lb>tuageſimum attigit: Marſilius Ficinus octo<lb></lb>geſimum. </s> <s id="s.015923">Id verò etiam ratione conſtat: <lb></lb>nam ſi animi triſtitia vitam decurtat, & vt <lb></lb>ille dicebat, Spiritus triſtis deſiccat oſſa: par <lb></lb>eſt poſtquam contrariorum contrariæ ſunt <lb></lb>facultates, ſecuram lætitiam producere vi<lb></lb>tam, & valetudinem bonam adiuuare: at <lb></lb>contemplatio exhilarat animum, ideò etiam <lb></lb>vitæ auxiliatur. </s> <s id="s.015924">Ariſtoteles quoque affirmat <lb></lb>in contemplatione vitam eſſe ſimilem diis, <lb></lb>talem igitur par eſſe etiam vtilem valetudi<lb></lb>ni. </s> <s id="s.015925">Verùm multum intereſt inter contem<lb></lb>plationem, quæ eſt meditatio eorum quæ <lb></lb>ſciuntur, tum inuentionem rerum noua<lb></lb>rum, quæ admodum delectant, & vitam <lb></lb>producunt: & moleſtiam animi, quæ acqui<lb></lb>ritur diſcendo, interpretando, cùm difficul<lb></lb>tate: vt mihi nunc calumniatoris intempe<lb></lb>ries, & abſurdas gerras, quas cum intellexe<lb></lb>ris nihilo euades ſapientior, & diſceptatio<lb></lb>nes contentioſas, tum ſcribendi laborem: <lb></lb>hæc namque fateor de vita, & bona vale<lb></lb>tudine ſubducere. </s> <s id="s.015926">Ob id ſtudioſiſſimi, vel <lb></lb>prima iuuenta interiêre, vt Ioannes Miran<lb></lb>dula, & Longolius: aut cum eò peruene<lb></lb>rint, vt quaſi abſque labore contemplatio<lb></lb>ne frui poſſint, valde parum ſeneſcunt. </s> <s id="s.015927">Id <lb></lb>etiam in nobis quilibet videre poteſt. </s> <s id="s.015928">Dum <lb></lb>in vtero eſſem, matri medicamentum abor<lb></lb>tiuum propinatum eſt. </s> <s id="s.015929">Inde fuga, dum iam <pb pagenum="709" xlink:href="016/01/356.jpg"></pb>paritura eſſet ſe ſubtraxit: tribus diebus in <lb></lb>partus laboribus fuit: vltimò cum caput ſo<lb></lb>lum ſeptem, vt referebat, horis promineret <lb></lb>conſilio obſtetricis, quæ matrem ſeruandam <lb></lb>ducebat, vi extractus ſum, atque mortuo ſi<lb></lb>milis. </s> <s id="s.015930">Verùm contra morem vini balneo re<lb></lb>creatus ſum, ſuxi lac nutricis prægnantis: <lb></lb>primoque menſe peſte correptus: inde aqua <lb></lb>intercute, tandem euaſi. </s> <s id="s.015931">Vſque ad ſeptimum <lb></lb>annum variis ac periculoſis morbis conflicta<lb></lb>tus, octauo demum pro mortuo habitus ac <lb></lb>defletus à patre, ſuperſtes fui. </s> <s id="s.015932">Inde in peren<lb></lb>ni ac moleſta ſeruitute ad annum vſque vi<lb></lb>geſimum vitam duxi: quo tempore, vt refe<lb></lb>rebant, ſenilem quendam habitum ac fa<lb></lb>ciem præ me ferebam. </s> <s id="s.015933">Dum verò in liber<lb></lb>tate conſtitutus, etiam contemplationi ope<lb></lb>ram dedi, tantùm abfuit vt conſeneſcere <lb></lb>præter ætatem viſus ſim, vt nunc multis an<lb></lb>nis iunior ab omnibus quibus notus non <lb></lb>ſum, iudicer. </s> <s id="s.015934">Ita ætate regreſſus potius quàm <lb></lb>progreſſus, quamvis etiam in perpetuis la<lb></lb>boribus, ac curarum iuſtis cauſis, non curis <lb></lb>multis annis verſer. </s> <s id="s.015935">Tantùm poteſt delecta<lb></lb>tio contemplationis. </s> <s id="s.015936">Et quanquam nonnun<lb></lb>quam, vt nunc leui pollicis dextri pedis do<lb></lb>lore tenear, id contingit nimia ob ſtudia, <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan> <lb></lb>Papiæ profiterer, & ceſſationum ab exerci<lb></lb>tio: quo etiam malo nunc premor, credo <lb></lb>magna ex parte, quod deuorare has nugas, <lb></lb>& relinquere dulces, atque vtiles medicinæ <lb></lb>meditationes coactus ſum. </s> <s id="s.015937">Quamvis enim <lb></lb>hæc illius deliramenta riſum non rarò mihi <lb></lb>mouerint, vbi tamen cogor totum perlege<lb></lb>re, incredibile tædium aſſueto claſſicorum, <lb></lb>aut ſaltem iucundorum lectioni pariunt. </s> <s id="s.015938">At <lb></lb>hic eius liber duorum, quæ Horatius iubet <lb></lb>poëtas præſtare, neutrum præſtat: quo fit vt <lb></lb>iam intolerabili moleſtia hos libros exami<lb></lb>nem: Dij in poſterum hanc peſtem auertant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015939">Cæterùm quod ad illum attinet, dicit mul<lb></lb>tum eſſe imminutum ex natiuo ipſius vigo<lb></lb>re, perpetuò torqueri, atque id ego ex tam <lb></lb>abſurdo inſtituto coniectabar, nec tamen ob <lb></lb>id deſinit probos viros laceſſere, impedire, <lb></lb>cenſorem aliorum agere, tenebras offunde<lb></lb>re? </s> <s id="s.015940">quod malum ſuperi? </s> <s id="s.015941">at dices, Tu ta<lb></lb>men non diſtinxeras inter contemplatio<lb></lb>nem, & labores ſtudioſorum, vt ſic homi<lb></lb>nes tuis conſiliis perderentur? </s> <s id="s.015942">minimè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015943">Nam præſtat mori eruditum, & diuini mu<lb></lb>neris conſcium, quàm inertem, & erga <lb></lb>Deum ingratum, vel mille annis viuere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015944">Ergo ſi cui ſatis integra valetudine ad con<lb></lb>templationis ianuam peruenire contigerit, <lb></lb>& voluptatem maximam animo, & grati<lb></lb>tudinem erga Deum, & vitæ incrementa <lb></lb>nanciſcetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015945">311. Sed & hic culpat quod dicam con<lb></lb>tracto calore ſomnum prohibere, quod <lb></lb>etiam in ſecunda ſectione 314. exercita<lb></lb>tionis dixerim, ſomnum fieri ex quiete ſpi<lb></lb>rituum, cum id abundè declarauerim in li<lb></lb>bro de Animi immortalitate, nec ipſe de<lb></lb>clarationi reſpondeat, nec oſtendat oppo<lb></lb>ſitum, ſed ſolùm falſæ peripateticorum <lb></lb>ſententiæ innitatur, quid eſt quod nos <lb></lb>vexet? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015946">312. Verùm locum, occaſionem inuenit, <lb></lb>quibus ſuas ineptias diffunderet. </s> <s id="s.015947">Vtinam ve<lb></lb>ra eſſent quæ definit: ſæpe enim talia quæ<lb></lb>rere ſoleo, quæ non inuenio apud aliquem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015948">Sed abſit vt ab illo accipiam, qui nec ab ali<lb></lb>quo veterum ſignificata hæc accipit, nec <lb></lb>oſtendit quod ita ſit: ſed vult ſua ſimplici <lb></lb>narrationi vt dictatori atque oraculo cui<lb></lb>piam. </s> <s id="s.015949">Sic enim de ſemetipſo prædicat, nos <lb></lb>acquieſcere, cùm conſtet paſſim decipi: & <lb></lb>obiter non conſulto veterum interpretatio<lb></lb>nibus, & ſui antiquo contradicere. </s> <s id="s.015950">Itaque <lb></lb>libenter in talibus ſe diffundit, multa que per<lb></lb>peràm nugatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015951">316. Non ſunt offæ ori illius accommo<lb></lb>datæ omni qui odit, ſperat, vel temporis ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſu, vel ab alio, vel à Deo vindictam de <lb></lb>inimico videre. </s> <s id="s.015952">Interim triſtitia diſcrutiatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015953">Et ideò lex noſtra rectè conſulit vt odia de<lb></lb>ponamus. </s> <s id="s.015954">Propterea etiam principes non fa<lb></lb>cilè odimus, quia ſpem vindictæ rarò aucu<lb></lb>pari de illis licet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015955">317. Amorem diuinum inter animi hos <lb></lb>miſeros affectus non colloco, ſed de eo in <lb></lb>libris de Æternitatis arcanis agitur. </s> <s id="s.015956">Tracta<lb></lb>tiones hæ quaſi genere diſtinctæ ſunt. </s> <s id="s.015957">In ſe<lb></lb>ctione quarta, illa non eſt audacia, cùm deſ<lb></lb>peratione ſalutis aguntur. </s> <s id="s.015958">Ibidem irridet vir <lb></lb>ineptus parabolas, priuilegia, vt rem notam <lb></lb>abacis triuialibus. </s> <s id="s.015959">Iuro per genium meum <lb></lb>poſtquam tam ſtupida mendacia effudit, & <lb></lb>319. exercitatione dicit me conatum redu<lb></lb>cere Euclidis theoremata ad pauciora, cùm <lb></lb>id ab omni veritate alienum eſſe omnes in<lb></lb>telligant, me exiſtimare etiam ſi doceretur <lb></lb>de his, non percepturum: illud ſanè conſtat <lb></lb>eum nequaquam à limine geometriam ſa<lb></lb>lutaſſe, ſed turpiſſima temeritate non intel<lb></lb>lectis non etiam viſis, quæ de circini vnica <lb></lb>latitudine ſuppoſita ſcripſeramus, cæco iu<lb></lb>dicio ac mente pariter ſcripſit hæc, tan<lb></lb>quam aſinis ſcriberet. </s> <s id="s.015960">Demiror ſanè viri <lb></lb>impudentiam: ſed non demiror. </s> <s id="s.015961">Quid enim <lb></lb>tam turpe eſt, tam abſonum, quod in hoc <lb></lb>admiratione dignum ſit? </s> <s id="s.015962">Vnde etiam men<lb></lb>dacij manifeſti ibi conuincitur. </s> <s id="s.015963">Nam quo<lb></lb>modo potuit ipſe ad pauciora theoremata <lb></lb>reducere, primùm quòd ſupponat aliqua <lb></lb>eſſe ad exercendam iuuentutem, cùm ne <lb></lb>vnum quidem iuxta ordinem ipſius Euclidis <lb></lb>ſuperfluat: deinde cùm non intelligere ar<lb></lb>tem omninò ex verbis ſuis deprehendatur: <lb></lb>demum, quod totum librum mutare eſſet <lb></lb>neceſſarium, qui pauculas propoſitiones ſub<lb></lb>trahere vellet, cui negotio ne centum qui<lb></lb>dem ſui ſimiles cum turba tota ſuorum pal<lb></lb>patorum ſufficerent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015964">321. Simile illud quodcunque accipit, <lb></lb>vel probat geometra, per numeros dirigi <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> <s id="s.015965">Quid abſurdius? </s> <s id="s.015966">quid à veritate ma<lb></lb>gis alienum dici poteſt, inſcriptiones figu<lb></lb>rarum & circumſcriptiones, tum corporum, <lb></lb>anguli, contactum rectorum cum circulis, <lb></lb>obliquorum cum rectis exceſſus, quanam <lb></lb>arte ad Arithmeticam redigi poſſint, non <lb></lb>video. </s> <s id="s.015967">Sed neque gemina reflexa proportio: <lb></lb>reducat hanc ad numeros, & cedimus illi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015968">Quæ in verecundia eſt hæc, velle adeò tur<lb></lb>piter mentiri in his, quæ non nouit? </s> <s id="s.015969">ac <lb></lb>adeò pueriliter nugari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015970">323. De pluuia ranarum conſulat ter<lb></lb>tiam editionem, videbit nos declarationem <pb pagenum="710" xlink:href="016/01/357.jpg"></pb>attuliſſe non nugas, vt ipſe ſolet. </s> <s id="s.015971">Nam ani<lb></lb>maduertimus à ſapientibus viris rationes, <lb></lb>atque experimenta, quibus deducti ſumus in <lb></lb>veritatis plenam cognitionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015972">324. Reprehendit ordinem ingeniorum <lb></lb>in Subtilitate: ſed cùm inſanientibus cogor <lb></lb>inſanire. </s> <s id="s.015973">Audeo dicere, ſed omnes libri amiſ<lb></lb>ſi eſſent, non totius Ariſtotelis volumen, <lb></lb>aut Scoti, ſed tamen ſingulas quas quiſque <lb></lb>optaret partes, me reſtituere poſſe, vel to<lb></lb>tum Euclidem. </s> <s id="s.015974">At Archimedis, aut Apol<lb></lb>lonij, vel Ptolemæi librorum, ſeu prædi<lb></lb>ctionis, ſeu magnæ compoſitionis, primo <lb></lb>duntaxat excepto, ne vel tota vita quatuor <lb></lb>lineas inſtaurare poſſe ſperarem. </s> <s id="s.015975">Sed quid <lb></lb>aſino ad lyram, aut ſuibus prædico amara<lb></lb>cum? </s> <s id="s.015976">Subtiliſſimos & ſupra humanum fa<lb></lb>ſtigium ipſe exiſtimat Occam, Entisberum <lb></lb>fuiſſe, qui certè ingeniosè, & dilucidè om<lb></lb>nia ſcripſerunt: cæterùm inuentione nulla, <lb></lb>vt ſi propoſitionem vnam neges, quindecim <lb></lb>paginæ corruant. </s> <s id="s.015977">Sed quia ad diſputationes <lb></lb>ſcholarum ſunt accommodati, hoc arridet, <lb></lb>hoc laudat, quos etiam non intelligere pla<lb></lb>num eſt. </s> <s id="s.015978">Laudat enim, vt intelligere videa<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.015979">Inde leuiſſimis ex cauſis cenſor nouus <lb></lb>literaturæ damnat, quod nos non facimus: <lb></lb>ſed laudamus egregiè, honeſtóque loco <lb></lb>fuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.015980">Quid de Galeno, quem duodecimo <lb></lb>collocauimus? </s> <s id="s.015981">Hippocratem nullo, quan<lb></lb>quam principes medicinæ, & de toto huma<lb></lb>no genere bene meritos: cùm tamen aliud <lb></lb>ſit Subtilitatis præſtantia, aliud iudicij gra<lb></lb>uitas, aliud eruditio, aliud eloquentia, de<lb></lb>mum aliud vtilitas libri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015982">325. Rurſus ad ſua vireta redit, vbi om<lb></lb>nia pro arbitrio ſcribit: neminem habet <lb></lb>quem obſeruet, ſic tribuit candidum terræ <lb></lb>colorem, flauum igni, viridem aquæ, cæru<lb></lb>leum aëri, quod in humido tenui conſtet, cum <lb></lb>ſit terminus viſus. </s> <s id="s.015983">Atque ideò tenebræ illu<lb></lb>minatæ: ergo cæruleus non ob aërem. </s> <s id="s.015984">Hæc <lb></lb>in octaua ſectione, ſed in nona ſuum melli<lb></lb>fluum genium, ſuum præceptorem, diui<lb></lb>num virum repræhendit Ariſtotelem, & <lb></lb>malè, quòd dixerit nigrum eſſe albi priua<lb></lb>tionem, & quod ex vtriſque alij colores <lb></lb>conſtent. </s> <s id="s.015985">Ita rectè ille mihi dixiſſe videtur, <lb></lb>Stultorum infinitus eſt numerus. </s> <s id="s.015986">Nam huius <lb></lb>amentiæ generis, qui nihil cùm ſciat, in om<lb></lb>nes eruditos cenſuram agat: laudet, vitupe<lb></lb>ret, quovis placet loco vnumquemque re<lb></lb>ponat: ſemetipſum tot præconiis extollat: <lb></lb>de rebus quas penitus non nouit tam auda<lb></lb>cter loquatur, quaſi Syrus inter Germanos <lb></lb>exultet, glorietur, nullum adhud aliud <lb></lb>exemplum inueni. </s> <s id="s.015987">Sed vt video, parum <lb></lb>abeſt ne illum vincire ſui cogantur. </s> <s id="s.015988">In<lb></lb>de quaſi victor præ lætitia natat tota hac <lb></lb>exercitatione, vt lupus piſcis in ſterquili<lb></lb>niis, iudicio ac pudore nullo, tot paginis, <lb></lb>vbi etiam docendi diſcrimen neſcire vide<lb></lb>tur ( res enim controuerſæ non ſunt ) ſuffi<lb></lb>cit ob id, ſi quis ſimpliciter doceat vbi de <lb></lb>nominibus, de interpretatione ſententiæ <lb></lb>agitur, quæ perſæpè ſunt controuerſæ, candi<lb></lb>dè, purè, ſimpliciter, adiectis teſtimoniis ſunt <lb></lb>edocendæ, ſaltem Lexica, quæ ille adeò con<lb></lb>temnit cenſor, ignorantiæ ſuæ eum admo<lb></lb>nuiſſent? </s> <s id="s.015989">Quis eſt, qui de illis iuſtè queri <lb></lb>poſſit? </s> <s id="s.015990">aut illorum deſiderare diligentiam? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015991">At ille confusè mendoſa è ſuo cerebro in<lb></lb>uenta, quaſi mathematica doceret, ſine teſti<lb></lb>moniis tradidit, natus non ſolum ad rerum <lb></lb>ſcientiam peruertendam, ſed & ad linguas, <lb></lb>& Grammaticam corrumpendam: vt ſi vel <lb></lb>ipſemet propria velit relegere, ni prorſus in<lb></lb>ſaniat, ſuum hunc deſultorium laborem non <lb></lb>leuiter ſit damnaturus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.015992">326 Docet volatilem columbam facere? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015993">vel non docet? </s> <s id="s.015994">vtinam docuiſſet, vel ſciret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.015995">Hoccine eſt ſuum ſic docere? </s> <s id="s.015996">rem quam <lb></lb>tota poſteritas admirata eſt, nemo adhuc <lb></lb>imitari potuit, ille tanquam facillimam pro<lb></lb>ponit, docetque quod neſcit: hoc eſt impo<lb></lb>ſturæ ſuæ egregiæ, & amentiæ certiſſimum <lb></lb>argumentum, cùm ſuum mendacium expe<lb></lb>rimento depræhendi facilè poſſit. </s> <s id="s.015997">Exhibere <lb></lb>debuerat tam optatum ſpectaculum: nam <lb></lb>dignus venia erat pro tot flagitiis in rem li<lb></lb>terariam hoc in opere admiſſis. </s> <s id="s.015998">Præclaris <lb></lb>enim ingeniis etiam hoſtes parcere ſolent, <lb></lb>vt Archimedi Marcellus quantum in illo <lb></lb>fuit. </s> <s id="s.015999">At hic malum malo addidit, dum ſe <lb></lb>impoſtorem maximum profitetur, profliga<lb></lb>to omnino pudore verba pro rebus vendi<lb></lb>cat. </s> <s id="s.016000">Deſine tandem cum iſta tua impudentia <lb></lb>& adeò mendaci procacitate offundere te<lb></lb>nebras mortalibus, & præſtigias facere <lb></lb>conari eruditis, qui iam te norunt, tuoſque <lb></lb>fucos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016001">329 Hic vir ſanè malus eſt, qui non ſo<lb></lb>lùm quæ difficillima ſunt tanquam facilli<lb></lb>ma deſpicit, quæ nullam continent difficul<lb></lb>tatem, vt difficillima admiratur: ſed omnia <lb></lb>agit, vt famam eorum deprimat, qui iuſtè <lb></lb>laboribus ſuis atque vigiliis nomen, aut <lb></lb>compararunt, aut quæſiuerunt. </s> <s id="s.016002">His de fibu<lb></lb>lis multa nugatur: & quaſi non omnes no<lb></lb>rint, fibulæ genus in cingulis depingit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016003">Nec tamen præter id quod diſcludi <expan abbr="nequeãt">nequeant</expan>, <lb></lb>ſuæ depictæ ſimiles ſunt his, quæ à Io. </s> <s id="s.016004">Iu<lb></lb>cundo, quem adeò laudat, exhibentur. </s> <s id="s.016005">Ita <lb></lb>vir hic nemini conſtat, non Cæſari, non <lb></lb>Iucundo, non ſibi ipſi, tanta eſt hominis in<lb></lb>conſtantia, iudiciumque rerum omnium <lb></lb>peruerſum. </s> <s id="s.016006">Ob id quis ferat hunc calumnia<lb></lb>torem? </s> <s id="s.016007">Id verò non animaduertit quod ma<lb></lb>ximum eſt, & nos ſuppleuimus Cæſarem <lb></lb>non niſi partem pontis deſcripſiſſe. </s> <s id="s.016008">Ergo vt <lb></lb>ad fibulas redeam, illis non depinximus, <lb></lb>quoniam multis modis fieri poſſunt, vt idem <lb></lb>efficiant: at ex his modis non conſtant, <lb></lb>quali vſus ſit ipſe Cæſar. </s> <s id="s.016009">Cæterùm & mu<lb></lb>nimenta pontis deſcripſimus, attamen au<lb></lb>det impudens in tanta caligine huius Cæ<lb></lb>ſarianæ inuentionis, negare me quicquam <lb></lb>ad lucem illius attuliſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016010">330. Simili malitia ac ſtultitia arguit, <lb></lb>quod non intelligit: nam ſingulæ rotæ <lb></lb>ſuam partem ponderis recipiunt: quare cum <lb></lb>pondus ſit idem, minus autem terræ infiga<lb></lb>tur leuius, non parum trahuntur, adeò vt ob <lb></lb>durum ſolum, & leue, ac leuitatem axis ho<lb></lb>mo nunc ſufficiat trahere pondo decem mil<lb></lb>lia, quæ nec decem homines aliter trahe<lb></lb>rent. </s> <s id="s.016011">Vbi autem extrema, ibi etiam me<lb></lb>dium. </s> <s id="s.016012">Detrahere autem oportet pondus ro<lb></lb>tarum, quod minimum eſt ab hoc compen<lb></lb>dio leuitatis: nec minori amentia exiſti-<pb pagenum="711" xlink:href="016/01/358.jpg"></pb>mans ſapientiam diuinam laudare, imminuit <lb></lb>dum de camelo loquitur. </s> <s id="s.016013">Cuius ſtructuram <lb></lb>more muliercularum in ſolam Dei potentiam <lb></lb>refert, atque voluntatem, tanquam laudabi<lb></lb>lius ſit inconnexa quàm coniuncta fabricaſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016014">Ita(vt dixi) miſer hic vbi ad res quæ ſenſibus <lb></lb>percipi poſſunt deuenit, falſus perpetuò at<lb></lb>que abſurdus deprehenditur. </s> <s id="s.016015">Turpiore inſa<lb></lb>nia illa in fine addit, quæ ſenſum nullum con<lb></lb>tinent, quaſi aſinis ſcribat, atque imponat: <lb></lb>tanquam aliquis hic vir ſit, qui nihil à pueri<lb></lb>lis differat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016016">331. Pari ruditate & imperitia fucis quibuſ<lb></lb>dam Rhetoricis, & frigidis ſophiſmatibus, vt <lb></lb>imperitam plebem decipiat, in ſeriis rebus lu<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.016017">Si iocari in omnibus ſufficit, quid opus <lb></lb>eſt ſtudiis amplius diſciplinarum? </s> <s id="s.016018">imò ne arti<lb></lb>bus quidem? </s> <s id="s.016019">omnes ſtudete rhetoricæ ſed non <lb></lb>Ariſtotelis, aut Ciceronis: ſed nebulonis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016020">332. In tractu ſcobs educitur, atque ita <lb></lb>ſcinditur melius. </s> <s id="s.016021">Hic homo aut omninò ru<lb></lb>dior aſino eſt, aut diſſimulat ſe intelligere, <lb></lb>quorum vitiorum neſcio quod ſit deteſtabi<lb></lb>lius. </s> <s id="s.016022">Sed pulchrum eſt, cum ſuas ineptias pro <lb></lb>cauſis rerum affert. </s> <s id="s.016023">Nam tractus cum impe<lb></lb>tu magno plus eſſe vno cum magno impetu. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016024">At de hoc non minor eſt dubitatio, quàm de <lb></lb>primo quæſito. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016025">333. De planis cum locus, & verba mu<lb></lb>tata ſint, ſuperfluum eſſet reſpondere, ne ta<lb></lb>men ſua calumna occulta ſit, quid mirum eſt <lb></lb>contangi videri quoad ſenſum, ratione co<lb></lb>gnoſcere aërem interceptum: at hoc familiare <lb></lb>eſt huic viro, ex muſcis elephantes facere: <lb></lb>ipſos elephantes non videre. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016026">333. Hic contra Hippocratem, contra Ga<lb></lb>lenum, qui in libris de Elementis, experimen<lb></lb>to id probant, conatur ſuo more vtiliſſimum <lb></lb>medicinæ præceptum, ad perniciem humano<lb></lb>rum corporum non minus, quàm animorum <lb></lb>natus, ſuis ſolitis meris nugis euertere. </s> <s id="s.016027">Sed <lb></lb>pulchrum eſt, cum in paucis adeò verbis af<lb></lb>firmat, negat, fruſtráque damnat. </s> <s id="s.016028">Nam de An<lb></lb>tilogiis palàm eſt me neminem irridere, cùm <lb></lb>etiam multò caſtigatiores non ob has nugas <lb></lb>quas obiicit, ſed alia maioris ponderis, nuper <lb></lb>in publicum prodituri ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016029">337. Hic iam non <expan abbr="mecũ">mecum</expan>, ſed <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> veritate ipſa <lb></lb>diſceptat. </s> <s id="s.016030">Rectà feruntur quæcunque impel<lb></lb>luntur, vt lapides quamdiu ab impetu ſuſti<lb></lb>nentur. </s> <s id="s.016031">Oculus docet, nulla ratio aduerſatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016032">Nam quàm adducit, calumniam meram, & <lb></lb>ruditatem eius declarat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016033">339. Stolidus non intelligit difficultatem, <lb></lb>ideo negat, quòd adeò Galenus admiratur: in<lb></lb>de falſa adducit in medium. </s> <s id="s.016034">Et præter id putat <lb></lb>membra per ſe ac anima moueri, cùm à ſpi<lb></lb>ritibus moueantur: nam ſpiritus facultatem, <lb></lb>& impulſum ab anima recipiunt, ipſi autem <lb></lb>mouent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016035">340. Impudenter ſuo more culpat ordinem <lb></lb>quaſi viri illi in eodem genere diſciplinarum <lb></lb>de quo ratio ſua concludit, ſcripſiſſent. </s> <s id="s.016036">Ibi <lb></lb>dum gloriatur, ſe dupliciter vituperat: & quod <lb></lb>genus doctrinæ ſuæ quale ſit docet, ſophiſti<lb></lb>cum ſcilicet, & inane, & quod falſi crimine <lb></lb>ex coniectutis accuſari poteſt: nam ego qui <lb></lb>Mercurij quatuor æquationis orbium motus <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">φαντασία</foreign> concipere poſſum, quædam illius ar<lb></lb>gumenta vix aſſequor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016037">341. Peſſimus hic nebulo, nec vnquam ſi<lb></lb>ne præfatione nominandus à ſuis moribus me <lb></lb>vult plagiarij crimine accuſare. </s> <s id="s.016038">Inquit me <lb></lb>aliena ſcribere geometrica, arithmetica, mu<lb></lb>ſica. </s> <s id="s.016039">Primùm quæro metopoſcopia à quibus <lb></lb>ante nos tradita ſunt? </s> <s id="s.016040">Similiter in geometria, <lb></lb>arithmetica, & muſica, quid acceptum ſit ab <lb></lb>aliis, cùm edita erunt, ſi poteſt, obiiciat? </s> <s id="s.016041">De <lb></lb>tribus elementis, de eorum frigiditate, de dua<lb></lb>bus tantùm qualitatibus, de æthere, de vrinis <lb></lb>innumeráque alia in medicina & naturali <lb></lb>philoſophia inuenta, cui authori audebit aſ<lb></lb>cribere? </s> <s id="s.016042">Sed ſi pro quolibet mendacio illi pi<lb></lb>lus non ampliùs rediturus excideret, profectò <lb></lb>iam totus glaber eſſet: nonne iam illum pu<lb></lb>det tam enormíum ac manifeſtorum menda<lb></lb>ciorum? </s> <s id="s.016043">Inde conuerſus ad poëtas, quas ine<lb></lb>ptias profert, quam temerario auſu iudex in<lb></lb>ter Homerum ac Virgilium à ſeipſo conſtitu<lb></lb>tus, furorem poëticum referre conatur, ſed fu<lb></lb>rorem video, poëtam non video. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016044"><foreign lang="grc">Ἐκεῖνον εἴργειν τεῡκρος ἐξεφίεται <lb></lb>σκήνης ὔπαντον μηδ̓ ἀφίεναι μόνον. </foreign></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016045">342. Cùm de fine cognoſcendi agamus, ille <lb></lb>de fine entium non nouo exemplo interpre<lb></lb>tatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016046">343. Non recitat fideliter verba noſtra: <lb></lb>forſan error fuit anagnoſtæ, vel typographi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016047">Mediocris ad maximum comparatus, prauus <lb></lb>dicitur: humidum multum, mediocréque idem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016048">Quoniam tria ſunt, maximum, mediocre & <lb></lb>nullum, exiguum autem pro nullo habetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016049">Attractio quæ eſt facultas nutricis animæ, <lb></lb>non trahit vt ſol, vel ignis, reliquáque quæ <lb></lb>ſic citata magis trahunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016050">344. Hic recté monet: gratias illi habeo, <lb></lb>vtinam hoc ſæpe feciſſet. </s> <s id="s.016051">Sed dum ſcribebam, <lb></lb>malui inutilia addere quam vtilia prætermit<lb></lb>tere: nam quæ omiſi, reſtituere non poſſum <lb></lb>amplius, exciderunt enim multa: quæ perpe<lb></lb>ràm addidi præcidere poſſum. </s> <s id="s.016052">De lupo demi<lb></lb>ror cur obiicias illa, cum ego experimentum <lb></lb>vidiſſe me referam, & rationem reddam cur <lb></lb>non ſemper id eueniat. </s> <s id="s.016053">Quæ ex Ariſtotele <lb></lb>transfert, non ſunt cauſæ ſympathiæ, aut anti<lb></lb>pathiæ, ſed inimicitiarum, aut amoris, Sunt <lb></lb>autem quinque, ſi diligentius diſtinguantur: <lb></lb>natura iracunda, vt quorundam canum, qui <lb></lb>omnibus infeſti ſunt: ſunt enim ſimiles ægris. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016054">Cibus communis, aut cùm vnam alteri cibus <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.016055">Venus loca & parata noxa ſibi, vel proli. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016056">At de antipathia, & ſympathia, & faſcinatio<lb></lb>nibus ſatis alibi dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.016057">De hircino ſan<lb></lb>guine, & adamante, nondum conſtat illi an <lb></lb>ſit verùm, & tamen de hoc diſputat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016058">347. Turpiſſimè vides debacchari propter <lb></lb>errorem, quem quis mihi ſani capitis impu<lb></lb>tauerit? </s> <s id="s.016059">Indicio eſt non habere meliora quæ <lb></lb>obiicit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016060">344. Non diſtinguit curationem doloris à cu<lb></lb>ratione cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.016061">Curatur dolor ſic etiam teſte <lb></lb>Hippocrate. </s> <s id="s.016062">Cauſa etiam non per ſe: ſed quan<lb></lb>doque quaſi fortuito calore naturali confir<lb></lb>mato. </s> <s id="s.016063">De Græculo non noui, ſed inuentum <lb></lb>putabam meum. </s> <s id="s.016064">Ideò tanto veriorem cauſam <lb></lb>reddidiſſe opinor, poſtquàm duo caſu <expan abbr="quodã">quodam</expan> <lb></lb>ex præſcripto in eandem deuenimus <expan abbr="opinionẽ">opinionem</expan>. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016065">349. Reſponſum eſt in ipſo opere in tertia <lb></lb>editione, quod eam quæſtionem duxerim eſſe <lb></lb>neceſſariam ſcitu. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="712" xlink:href="016/01/359.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016066">350. Non ita, ſed per calumniam, & inſa<lb></lb>niam iurare debuerat. </s> <s id="s.016067">Vide quàm bene cohæ<lb></lb>reant verba illa ſomnio meo, & his quæ ſu<lb></lb>periùs dixerat? </s> <s id="s.016068">tantum abeſt, vt antea ſua <lb></lb>obrutum iri ſperem, ni forſan per obruere il<lb></lb>luſtrare intelligat? </s> <s id="s.016069">quod genus expoſitionis <lb></lb>apud ipſum exemplo frequenti non caret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016070">355. Natat in ſua peripaterica Theologia <lb></lb>dicens, ſi intelligens, & quod intelligitur eſ<lb></lb>ſet vnum, primæ mentes quantitatem cœlum <lb></lb>intelligendo adipiſcerentur? </s> <s id="s.016071">Reſpondeo ha<lb></lb>bere quantitatem illam intellectum: nam non <lb></lb>aliter intelligendo mouerent, niſi quod & <lb></lb>& quo, & per quid mouerent intelligerent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016072">At ibi nulla eſt compoſitio, neque diuerſitas: <lb></lb>eſt igitur intelligentia rei, & quod intelli<lb></lb>gitur, & quod intelligit idem. </s> <s id="s.016073">Ideò intelli<lb></lb>gentiæ meritò appellari poſſent, ſi Romani <lb></lb>ſub hoc ſignificato recepiſſent. </s> <s id="s.016074">At non erat <lb></lb>illis cognitum, quædam eſſe quæ cum ſua <lb></lb>operatione, & obiecto eandem eſſe poſſent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016075">Inde homo cattus irridet noſtram Dialecti<lb></lb>cam, non abſimilis puero octo annorum cu<lb></lb>iuſdam affinis mei, qui patrem ſuum ad diſ<lb></lb>putationem de ſuis quiſquiliis tum fratrem <lb></lb>natu maiorem valde eruditum inuitabat, eos <lb></lb>neſcire quæ non profiterentur exiſtimans. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016076">Deinde victus dicebat, non putabam vos ſci<lb></lb>re tantum de conſtructione, & ratione ſer<lb></lb>monis Latini. </s> <s id="s.016077">Ita hic vir quòd non profitea<lb></lb>mur Dialecticam, putat nos neſcire. </s> <s id="s.016078">Vtinam <lb></lb>velit adeò inſanire, vt aliquod magnum pi<lb></lb>gnus deponat in ea arte, dico etiam in ſophiſ<lb></lb>matibus, videbit an longè peritiores ſimus <lb></lb>in eo genere, quàm in Mathematicis? </s> <s id="s.016079">vix que <lb></lb>ipſi ceſſuros Chryſippo, ſi reuiuiſcat. </s> <s id="s.016080">Verùm <lb></lb>quod ille magnifacit ob inopiam bonorum <lb></lb>ſtudiorum, nos ob eorundem copiam, & no<lb></lb>bilitatem negligimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016081">357. Admiratur verba illa: Intellectus quo <lb></lb>tenuior, eò diuturnior, primùm tenue & <lb></lb>craſſum ad corpora, non ad mentes pertinent <lb></lb>deinde æterna incrementi vitæ erunt capa<lb></lb>cia, aliquid æterno maius erit: aliquid etiam <lb></lb>æterno breuioris vitæ æternum? </s> <s id="s.016082">Si in talibus <lb></lb>dubitaſſet, excuſatione dignus erat. </s> <s id="s.016083">Itaque <lb></lb>ſubtilitatem illam puritatem eſſe intelligat, & <lb></lb>ſimplicitati propinquitatem quàm maiorem, <lb></lb>& minorem eſſe ſi negat? </s> <s id="s.016084">negat & illarum or<lb></lb>dinem ad Dei comparationem. </s> <s id="s.016085">Ego certè ge<lb></lb>nus illud ſimplicitatis, puritatis, & ſubtilitatis <lb></lb>homini cognitum eſſe nego, quadam tamen <lb></lb>ſimilitudine declaraui. </s> <s id="s.016086">Eſſe tamen conſtat <lb></lb>& declarari poteſt: quòd omnia quanto per<lb></lb>fectiora, tanto magis à corporea natura, à <lb></lb>compoſitione, à materia, & craſſitie quadam, <lb></lb>quæ ſecundum paronymiam dicitur, non ho<lb></lb>monymiam recedunt. </s> <s id="s.016087">Ea ſynceritas propin<lb></lb>quitas primo enti diuturnitatem malorem, id <lb></lb>eſt, in æternitate conſiſtentiam firmiorem <lb></lb>generat: velut ſi pes in arena veſtigium æter<lb></lb>num imprimeret, manifeſtum eſt etiam veſti<lb></lb>gij ſuperficiem adeſſe, eſſet tamen pes veſti<lb></lb>gio æternitatis magis particeps, & veſtigium <lb></lb>ſuperficie, quod vnum ex alio penderet. </s> <s id="s.016088">Ita<lb></lb>que & æterna varietatem in infinitate ſuſci<lb></lb>piunt, velut & mortalia in tempore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016089">358. Simili ſtupore admiratur verba illa in<lb></lb>telligens, quia ſubſtantia eſt, ideò quieſcit: di<lb></lb>cit, cœlum nonne eſt ſubſtantia? </s> <s id="s.016090">pulchre cœ<lb></lb>lum non verè ſubſtantia eſt, quia ſi ab intel<lb></lb>lectu ſeparatur, non eſt: ſi cum illo eatenus <lb></lb>eſt, quatenus illi coniunctum eſt, atque ideò <lb></lb>potentia quaſi eſt, & ob id in continuo motu <lb></lb>æternitatem. </s> <s id="s.016091">Subſtantia ergo iuxta parony<lb></lb>miam dicetur de intellectu principali, & cœlo <lb></lb>& de cœlo, & de iſtis inferioribus adhuc ma<lb></lb>gis. </s> <s id="s.016092">Sed de primo principio, & mentibus di<lb></lb>uinis pluſquàm ſecundum paronymiam, imò <lb></lb>nullo horum modorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016093">359. Sectione 14. ſimili afficitur errore, <lb></lb>quanquam ibi indignus venia: nam admoni<lb></lb>tus, volens tamen peccat. </s> <s id="s.016094">Primùm non ſe<lb></lb>quitur, hæc ſunt eiuſdem generis, ergo minùs <lb></lb>perfectione differunt, quàm quæ genere dif<lb></lb>ferunt. </s> <s id="s.016095">Plus enim differt homo à brucho, <lb></lb>quàm bruchus ab albedine perfectione, ſicut <lb></lb>linea magna plus longitudine à parua differt, <lb></lb><expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> parua à puncto. </s> <s id="s.016096">Deinde ſi animus noſter, <lb></lb>& ipſe intellectus rerum, non magis ſequitur <lb></lb>ipſum eſſe accidens, quòd ſit rerum intelle<lb></lb>ctus, quàm rerum intellectum eſſe ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiam, quòd ſit idem quod animus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016097">362. Hic eſt error communis multis, qui <lb></lb>Archimedis inuenta non viderint: putat enim <lb></lb>maximas res vno argumento poſſe declarari: <lb></lb>at non ita eſt, ſed ſerie tota vnius maximi li<lb></lb>bri quandoque indigemus. </s> <s id="s.016098">Plures ſunt men<lb></lb>tes non vna tantùm, vt quidem magis, quam <lb></lb>Epicurus athei: non tamen poteſt oſtendi <lb></lb>vno, nec quatuor argumentis, ſed conſtruere <lb></lb>oportet integram declarationem ex multis <lb></lb>vniuerſi ordinem oſtendendo, velut Archime<lb></lb>des ex conorum multiplici ratione, & com<lb></lb>poſitione ſphæræ ex infinitis conis, propor<lb></lb>tionem ſphæræ ad maximum conum, inde to<lb></lb>tius extimæ ſuperficiei ad maximum circu<lb></lb>lum. </s> <s id="s.016099">Hæc verò potiſſima cauſa eſt ignoran<lb></lb>tiæ rerum, & fruſtratorum ſtudiorum, adeò <lb></lb>vt maxima pars hominum, quæ metam ſe <lb></lb>ſuperaſſe putat, vt noſtra ſæpia in dialecti<lb></lb>ca ne prima quidem rudimenta attigiſſe vi<lb></lb>detur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016100">364. Scimus ſcabiem non eſſe titillatio<lb></lb>nem, nec multò minùs eſt dolor, vt ipſe ait: vn<lb></lb>de patet non breuitatis cauſa figura vti vt <lb></lb>nos, ſed errare: dolor enim in ſcabie eſt ſym<lb></lb>ptoma: ſed titillatio venerea eſt, qualis pru<lb></lb>ritus, qui eſt in ſcabie: atque vtrobique quæ<lb></lb>ritur expulſio infeſti humoris abſque dolore. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016101">quod in ſcabie non ſit dolor, vt plurimùm, <lb></lb>etiamſi ſuperfluum illud retineatur: at in fe<lb></lb>cibus, & vrina, cum violenter retinentur, do<lb></lb>lor accidit: tripliciter igitur in tam paucis <lb></lb>verbis peccat, dum alios perperàm repre<lb></lb>hendit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016102"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>PERORATIO.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016103">Hauſimus tandem hunc inſuauem labo<lb></lb>rem, vt pleraque alia difficilia, publicæ <lb></lb>vtilitatis cauſa, poſtquam res ipſa exemplo <lb></lb>non caruit, nec ſolùm hominum, ſed etiam <lb></lb>naturæ. </s> <s id="s.016104">Quicquid enim inſigne tulit, ac pla<lb></lb>nè admirabile, tanquam ſuummet opus irri<lb></lb>deret, peſte aliqua fœdauit. </s> <s id="s.016105">Elephantem cra<lb></lb>brones, delphinem aſili vexant. </s> <s id="s.016106">Non defuit <lb></lb>Homero Sagaris, Heſiodo Cercopes, Socrati <lb></lb>Antiochus Lemnius maſtiges: quamuis hi <lb></lb>diuini propè viri eſſent. </s> <s id="s.016107">At noſter hic calum-<pb pagenum="713" xlink:href="016/01/360.jpg"></pb>niator cùm adeò lutulentus ac ſordidus fluat, <lb></lb>vt neſciam quando tam incultum ac barba<lb></lb>rum librum legerim, exiſtimo nec mihi glo<lb></lb>riam quæſiſſe, nec ſibi peperiſſe. </s> <s id="s.016108">Etenim in<lb></lb>ter reliqua miſta colluuies videtur puerorum, <lb></lb>iuuenum, annum, plebeiorum, nobilium, <lb></lb>ſcholarium, ſtudioſorum, pædagogorum, mi<lb></lb>litum, vt nihil magis inconditum poſſit re<lb></lb>periri. </s> <s id="s.016109">Nos enim à medicina nunquam diſce<lb></lb>dimus, niſi ad mathematicas, quas à pueritia <lb></lb>didici, diuertero voluptatis cauſa. </s> <s id="s.016110">Cæterum <lb></lb>in naturalibus ea lege ſemper ſum diuagatus <lb></lb>vt à medicorum placitis, ne vel lato vngue <lb></lb>diſcedam: nec quicquam tracto, pro quo quis <lb></lb>iure obiicere poſſit. </s> <s id="s.016111">Quî ſcis? </s> <s id="s.016112">Itaque miſeret <lb></lb>me illius, non ei iraſcor, quòd tot vigilias, <lb></lb>tantum temporis, cùm maximè illius penuria <lb></lb>laborabat, & qua ætate precioſiſſimum eſſe <lb></lb>ſolet, fruſtrà profuderit. </s> <s id="s.016113">Sed illud tamen in <lb></lb>eo probare non poſſum, quòd his tempori<lb></lb>bus difficillimis, quibus Reſpub. </s> <s id="s.016114">literaria tot <lb></lb>modis premitur, inſontes viros ſtudioſos, prin<lb></lb>cipum & potentium ludibrio expoſuerit. </s> <s id="s.016115">Et <lb></lb>tam præclara opera non ſolùm opinionem <lb></lb>omnem bonam ex animis, tum horum, tum <lb></lb>magiſtratuum de eruditis eximeret, ſed vt <lb></lb>maiores ſui opimæ Italiæ parti faces intende<lb></lb>rant, ſic Anteus hic noſter vniuerſis bonarum <lb></lb>artium ſtudioſis ac diſciplinis exitium moli<lb></lb>retur, non equidem bene inuenta euertendo, <lb></lb>hoc enim induſtriæ, & laboris opus fuiſſet, ſed <lb></lb>obſcurando, vt quantum in illo fuerit, tot ad <lb></lb>pietatem augendam, humanámque fœlicita<lb></lb>tem præcepta tot laboribus, ſtudiiſque parta <lb></lb>impij viri manu perirent: nam cum peripa<lb></lb>tetica Philoſophia iam duobus abhinc anno<lb></lb>rum millibus euulgata ſit, & tot <expan abbr="commẽtariis">commentariis</expan> <lb></lb>illuſtrata: ad pietatem quidem non niſi detri<lb></lb>mentum, ad naturæ autem & artium experi<lb></lb>menta tam paruum fructum attulit noſtro<lb></lb>rum inuentorum comparatione, vt illam aut <lb></lb>falſam, aut nondum benè intellectam eſſe <lb></lb>conſtet. </s> <s id="s.016116">Fructus enim omnis veræ ſapientiæ <lb></lb>pietas eſt, & opera ipſa, quæ vel naturæ, vel <lb></lb>artis principio fiunt, induſtria autem <expan abbr="ſapiẽtis">ſapientis</expan>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016117">Cæterùm ex priore illa diſciplina quid aliud <lb></lb>pro operibus, quàm perpetuæ, contentiones, <lb></lb>quæ adhuc durant & indies augentur, acqui<lb></lb>ſiuimus - has tamen ambitioſus hic Chriſtia<lb></lb>nus, philoſophuſque ſuperbus, ac medicus <lb></lb><foreign lang="grc">ἀνιατρολόγετος</foreign> & tuetur, quod non nouum <lb></lb>eſt: & peſſimè defendit, quod nouum pror<lb></lb>ſus eſt. </s> <s id="s.016118">Quod ſi de hoc (quod fuit peripateti<lb></lb>cis magis etiam conſpicuum eſt, quàm mihi) <lb></lb>dubitat, aut ſi quicquam à me ex ſuis calum<lb></lb>niis grauius conſulto prætermiſſum exiſtimat <lb></lb>tria ex ſecunda editione, quam triennio ſcit <lb></lb>vulgatum ante has ſuas exercitationes, ſibi <lb></lb>eligat, quæcunque voluerit: quæ ſi non ſin<lb></lb>gula efficaci iuxta rei genus declaratione <lb></lb>oſtendero, cuiuis hanc condono libertatem, <lb></lb>vt me illius loco pro maximo nebulone ſub<lb></lb>iiciat. </s> <s id="s.016119">Neque eſt, vt verbis ſe excuſet, qui fa<lb></lb>ctis ac re non ſolùm qualis eſſet ſe oſtende<lb></lb>rit, ſed ſuppoſiticiis perſonis ſubiectis planè <lb></lb>doloſo ingenio eſſe declarauerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016120"><emph type="center"></emph>APOLOGIÆ FINIS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><figure id="id.016.01.360.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/360/1.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/361.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.016.01.361.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/361/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016121"><emph type="center"></emph>INDEX<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016122"><emph type="center"></emph>RERVM ET VERBORVM,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016123"><emph type="center"></emph>Quæ continentur in Tertio Tomo.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016124"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Primus Numerus denotat folium, & ſecundus eiuſdem <lb></lb>folij Columnam.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016125"><emph type="center"></emph>A.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016126">AB abſtractis ad concreta non <lb></lb>valet argumentum. </s> <s id="s.016127">pag.681. <lb></lb>col.2 Abies ſola ex arboribus ſpon<lb></lb>tè recreat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016128">p.486.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016129">Abietis magnitudo incredibilis. </s> <s id="s.016130">pag. </s> <s id="s.016131">486. <lb></lb>col.1 Abrahami ſepulchrum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016132">p.346.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016133">Abortum prohibentia. </s> <s id="s.016134">p.170.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016135">Abſintij muſcæ & illorum proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016136">p.88.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016137">Abundantiæ & ſterilitatis ſigna. </s> <s id="s.016138">p.606.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016139">Accipitribus amica & vtilia. </s> <s id="s.016140">p.107.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016141"><expan abbr="Accipitrũ">Accipitrum</expan> à regionibus differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.016142">p.106.c.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016143">Accipitres quinam ſint optimi. </s> <s id="s.016144">p.105.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016145">Acetabulum quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.016146">p.70.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016147">Acerbi cauſa & actio. </s> <s id="s.016148">p.38.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016149">Acetum quomodo fiat, & quomodo vinum <lb></lb>Corruptum in acetum vertatur. </s> <s id="s.016150">p. </s> <s id="s.016151">575. <lb></lb>col.1 Acetum cur ignem extinguat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016152">p.68.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016153">Acetum quomodo corrumpatur ſi aquam te<lb></lb>tigerit ſaporem acrem amittit atque cor<lb></lb>rumpitur. </s> <s id="s.016154">p.70.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016155">Aceti roſacei natura, commoda, proprieta<lb></lb>tes, vtilitates enarrantur, vbinam reperia<lb></lb>tur, & vnde nam extrahatur. </s> <s id="s.016156">p.203.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016157">Achates cum imagine ſeptem arborum. </s> <s id="s.016158">p.54. <lb></lb>col.2 Achillis ſepulchrum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016159">p.346.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016160">Acida cur habeant virtutem peculiarem <lb></lb>ſuccos clarificandi. </s> <s id="s.016161">p.199.c.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016162">Acidi cauſa & actio. </s> <s id="s.016163">p.38.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016164">Acris cauſa & actio. </s> <s id="s.016165">p.38.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016166">Actiones humanæ inſigniores. </s> <s id="s.016167">p.175.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016168">Actiones mirabiles & memorabiles plurium <lb></lb>virorum illuſtrium. </s> <s id="s.016169">p.238.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016170">Aculei piſcium cur venenati. </s> <s id="s.016171">p.118.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016172">Acus piſcis monſtroſus roſtro admodum lon<lb></lb>go, colore cæruleo aut viridi. </s> <s id="s.016173">p.143.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016174">Adamas. </s> <s id="s.016175">p.48.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016176">Adamas cur gemmarum omnium eſt duriſ<lb></lb>ſima. </s> <s id="s.016177">p.347.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016178">Adamas omnium gemmarum duriſſima, <lb></lb>poſt Saphirus, inde Carbunculus, & in<lb></lb>ter hos Pyropi Granatíque: pòſt Acha<lb></lb>tes & Sarda, inde Onyx Carcedonica, pòſt <lb></lb>Smaragdus, quæ à chryſtallo vel mini<lb></lb>mum diſtat, Chryſolithus Carbunculo pro<lb></lb>ximus eſt, velut Amethyſtus, &c. </s> <s id="s.016179">p.52. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016180">Adamas nutritur, quia habet partes diſſimi<lb></lb>les è quibus, quæ minùs ſunt perfectæ <lb></lb>perficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.016181">p.693.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016182">Adeps cetaceorum cur non concreſcat. </s> <s id="s.016183">p.129. <lb></lb>col.2 Ad facilius concipiendum mulieribus quid <lb></lb>multum proſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016184">p.171.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016185">Ad frangenda ſaxa quænam poſſe multum <lb></lb>conferre credantur. </s> <s id="s.016186">p.194.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016187">Adhibendi Ignis plures modi. </s> <s id="s.016188">p.617.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016189">Ad hilaritatem mouendam p.639.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016190">Ad homines Impinguandos. </s> <s id="s.016191">p.648.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016192">Ad luxatos cautio. </s> <s id="s.016193">p.316.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016194">Ad Memoriam Confirmandam & ingenium <lb></lb>acuendum. </s> <s id="s.016195">p.639.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016196">Adoleſcentulus Hibernicus octodecimum <lb></lb>agens annum, binos cultellos narribus re<lb></lb>ctà adeo inſerebat, dimidij palmi longi<lb></lb>tudine vt ad perpendiculum faciei ſuper<lb></lb>ſtarent & multa alia mira præſtabat quæ <lb></lb>vide. </s> <s id="s.016197">p.239.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016198">Ad ſoluendos eos qui ligati dicuntur amore <lb></lb>alicuius puellæ quid ſit præſtandum. </s> <s id="s.016199">p.311. <lb></lb>col.1 Aduerſus fulgura cautio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016200">p.378.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016201">Aduerſus ignes artificioſos remedia. </s> <s id="s.016202">p.192. <lb></lb>cap.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016203">Ad Rugas tollendas quid non parum confe<lb></lb>rat. </s> <s id="s.016204">p.2<gap></gap>9.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016205">Aduerſus Rubiginem. </s> <s id="s.016206">p.648.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016207">Aduerſus ſpirandi difficultatem. </s> <s id="s.016208">p.648.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016209">Adurentia medicamenta quæ? </s> <s id="s.016210">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016211">Ad vina perturbata æficienda & vt ficus <lb></lb>toto anno ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.016212">p.576.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016213">Ædificantium Compendium. </s> <s id="s.016214">p.617.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016215">Ægyptij Regni antiquitas. </s> <s id="s.016216">p.175.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016217">Ægri qui imaginem è pupilla reddunt, poſ<lb></lb>ſunt ſanari, qui verò non reddunt, vix <pb xlink:href="016/01/362.jpg"></pb>putantur poſſe ſanari. </s> <s id="s.016218">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016219">Ænigma ad Chymicam pertinens perpul<lb></lb>chrum ex ſibyllinis libris. </s> <s id="s.016220">p.207.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016221">Ænigma Vtiliſſimum. </s> <s id="s.016222">p.630.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016223">Æreæ effigies ſplendidæ. </s> <s id="s.016224">p.215.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016225">Aër cur factus ſit. </s> <s id="s.016226">p.390.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016227">Aër infrigidatus repentè cur tantum noxæ <lb></lb>afferat. </s> <s id="s.016228">p.390.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016229">Aër ſemper mouetur. </s> <s id="s.016230">p.391.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016231">Aër cur non ſentiatur. </s> <s id="s.016232">p.396.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016233">Aër cur corrumpat quædam, alia verò ſer<lb></lb>uet. </s> <s id="s.016234">p.390.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016235">Aër frigidus eſt natura, non calidus. </s> <s id="s.016236">p.374. <lb></lb>col.1 Aër quò feratur motu naturali. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016237">p.391.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016238">Aër concuſſus inter duriora corpora repente <lb></lb>tranſit in ignem. </s> <s id="s.016239">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016240">Aër quandoquidem ſub ipſa terra manet <lb></lb>quanto magis ſub aqua quæ leuior eſt <lb></lb>terra. </s> <s id="s.016241">p.694.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016242">Aër vitæ ſalubrior. </s> <s id="s.016243">p.374.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016244">Aër tenuis an craſſus vitæ longitudini aptior <lb></lb>p.561.c.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016245">Aëris contrariæ vires. </s> <s id="s.016246">p.396.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016247">Aëris natura & genera. </s> <s id="s.016248">p.24.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016249">Aër ab oriente in occidentem perpetuo mo<lb></lb>uetur. </s> <s id="s.016250">p.24.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016251">Aër qualis ſit, & quomodo cognoſcatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016252">p.25.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016253">Æs arte in aureum colorem argenteúmque <lb></lb>tranſit. </s> <s id="s.016254">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016255">Æſtas ſolſtitio cur initium ducat & Hyems. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016256">p.666.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016257">Ærcalze auis. </s> <s id="s.016258">p.104.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016259">Æs vtrumque à Ioue generatur. </s> <s id="s.016260">p.309.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016261">Æther quid ſit & vbi ſit. </s> <s id="s.016262">p.374.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016263">Æther & aqua in quibus conueniant ac diſ<lb></lb>ſideant. </s> <s id="s.016264">p.411.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016265">Ætiona trium generum. </s> <s id="s.016266">p.625.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016267">Æuum quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.016268">p.669.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016269">Affectus animi quo pacto corpus immutent <lb></lb>p.585.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016270">Affectus non eſt collocandus. </s> <s id="s.016271">p.709.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016272">Affectibus ſuis nequeunt obtemperare. </s> <s id="s.016273">p.5. <lb></lb>col.1 Afflatus quid ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016274">p.670.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016275">Afflatus diuini & aduentus dæmonum diſcri<lb></lb>men. </s> <s id="s.016276">p.655.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016277">Africę pars vltra æquinoctij circulum expo<lb></lb>ſita. </s> <s id="s.016278">p.689.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016279">Agaricum. </s> <s id="s.016280">p.487.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016281">Agreſtis. </s> <s id="s.016282">p.40.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016283">Aiacis Telamonij magnitudo. </s> <s id="s.016284">p.553.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016285">Aiolus. </s> <s id="s.016286">p.56.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016287">Alauda piſcis quis ſit. </s> <s id="s.016288">p.141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016289">Albigerij diuinatoris hiſtoria mira & omni<lb></lb>no extraordinaria. </s> <s id="s.016290">p.162.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016291">Albedinis cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.016292">p.42.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016293">Album nullum perſpicuum. </s> <s id="s.016294">p.43.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016295">Alchundi laus. </s> <s id="s.016296">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016297">Alcatras, plumæ cuius coloris ſint, roſtri ma<lb></lb>gnitudo. </s> <s id="s.016298">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016299">Alchymicæ vafre exemplum. </s> <s id="s.016300">p.208.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016301">Alexandro ſpiritum benè olentem fuiſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016302">p.482.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016303">Alia mortui hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.016304">p.323.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016305">Alia animalia quæ ſub terra perpetuo habi<lb></lb>tant ſanguine prædita non ſunt, excepta <lb></lb>talpa. </s> <s id="s.016306">p.545.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016307">Aliqua eſſe calida, aliqua frigida falſum eſt, <lb></lb>omnia enim ſunt per ſe frigida niſi ab <lb></lb>igne vt Calx, potentiâ tamen, vt ſubii<lb></lb>ciuntur actioni caloris naturalis, dicuntur <lb></lb>humida vel calida vel amara vel deter<lb></lb>gentia. </s> <s id="s.016308">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016309">Aliquid ſuperſtitioſum. </s> <s id="s.016310">p.172.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016311">Aliqui poli nec poſſunt quieſcere mathema<lb></lb>tice, nec aliqui naturaliter, & cur. </s> <s id="s.016312">p.181. <lb></lb>col.1 Allij vis mira. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016313">p.574.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016314">Allium odore ſuo arcet ſerpentes & fere om<lb></lb>nia exanguia. </s> <s id="s.016315">p.92.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016316">Allium vt minus male oleat. </s> <s id="s.016317">p.33.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016318">Aloës optima. </s> <s id="s.016319">p.486.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016320">Alopeca vnde nam deriuetur? </s> <s id="s.016321">ab <foreign lang="grc">ἀλωπεκὶς</foreign>. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.01632a">p.698.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016322">Altera dubitatio cur aliqua animalia cæteris <lb></lb>Infeliciora ſint. </s> <s id="s.016323">p.549.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016324">Altitudo ſolis & Lunæ à terra. </s> <s id="s.016325">p.414.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016326">Altus Vox Nobiliſſima. </s> <s id="s.016327">p.603.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016328">Alumen ſcaliolæ, alumen plumæ Ellychnia, <lb></lb>quæ haud conſumuntur, Et mappæ ab igne <lb></lb>p.442.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016329"><foreign lang="grc">Ἀλύκος</foreign> quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.016330">p.698.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016331">Alumen Rochæ & eius vires. </s> <s id="s.016332">p.442.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016333">Amara plura mixta inter ſe cur iucundiora <lb></lb>quàm cum dulcibus. </s> <s id="s.016334">p.155.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016335">Amara non nutriunt, imo nutrimentum alio<lb></lb>rum eduliorum conſumit. </s> <s id="s.016336">p.40.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016337">Amari cauſa & actio. </s> <s id="s.016338">p.39.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016339">Amara cur quædam inde dulcia. </s> <s id="s.016340">p.487.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016341">Ambulantes per prata faciem viridem habe<lb></lb>re videntur. </s> <s id="s.016342">p.418.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016343">Amia piſcis Delphinos atroci odio inuadit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016344">p.138.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016345">Amiarum mirabile incrementum. </s> <s id="s.016346">pag.119. <lb></lb>col.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016347">Amphoræ capacitas. </s> <s id="s.016348">p.64.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016349">Amphitheatri Romani altitudo & modus <lb></lb>quo conſtructus erat. </s> <s id="s.016350">p.345.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016351">Amurcæ vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.016352">p.244.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016353">Amygdalarum vires. </s> <s id="s.016354">p.577.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016355">Amygdala quomodo viciſſim ſaporibus mu<lb></lb>tantur. </s> <s id="s.016356">p.73.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016357">Amylum quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.016358">p.254.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016359">Amœnus, ſuauis. </s> <s id="s.016360">p.40.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016361">An aurum potabile fieri poſſit. </s> <s id="s.016362">p.703.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016363">Andreæ Oſiandri mira hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.016364">p.651.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016365">An cælorum ſe tangentium ſit vna ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies. </s> <s id="s.016366">p.416.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016367">Anglia oleis & nucibus & oleo caret. </s> <s id="s.016368">p.65. <lb></lb>col.2 Anglorum Regio temperatior eſt Italia, quia <lb></lb>minus diſcriminis inter tempora, minùs <lb></lb>frigida hyems minùs calida æſtas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016369">p.704. <lb></lb>col.1 Anguilla. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016370">p.519.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016371">Anguillarum generatio quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.016372">p.120. <lb></lb>col.2 An hominis corpus ſit denſiſſimum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016373">p.702. <lb></lb>col.2 Anima quid ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016374">p.388.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016375">Anima pura quæ requirat. </s> <s id="s.016376">p.305.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016377">An ferrum generetur ex aquæ frigidæ ſola <lb></lb>immerſione, vt vult Cardani infenſiſſimus <lb></lb>hoſtis. </s> <s id="s.016378">p.681.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016379">An fœtus formas innumeras ſubeat. </s> <s id="s.016380">p.704. <lb></lb>col.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016381">An color in æſtate fato fiat vel naturâ. </s> <s id="s.016382">p.707. <lb></lb>col.1 Animal forma monſtrifica. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/363.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016383">p.103.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016384">Animalia felle carentia. </s> <s id="s.016385">p.103.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016386">Animalia perfecta nobiliora nouem differen<lb></lb>tiis comprehenduntur. </s> <s id="s.016387">p.520.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016388">Animalia in frigidis regionibus cur alba. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016389">p.533.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016390">Animal ſimile ſcarabeo miræ velocitatis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016391">p.89.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016392">Animalia è putri materia genita, cur multi<lb></lb>formia. </s> <s id="s.016393">p.85. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016394">Animalia bruta an vtantur vel vti poſſint <lb></lb>ſermone. </s> <s id="s.016395">p.297.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016396">Animalia bene olentia ſed tamen parui vſus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016397">p.539.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016398">Animalia è diuerſis progenita. </s> <s id="s.016399">p.93.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016400">Animalium ſpecies vlla an natura morboſa. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016401">p.79.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016402">Animalium corpora potentia ad animam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016403">p.561.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016404">Animalium motus quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.016405">p.79.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016406">Animalia cur magis diuerſa formâ quàm <lb></lb>plantæ. </s> <s id="s.016407">p.76.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016408">Animalia digitos habentia cœcos fœtus <lb></lb>educunt. </s> <s id="s.016409">p.82.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016410">Animalia cornuta cur facta. </s> <s id="s.016411">p.83.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016412">Animalia imperfecta. </s> <s id="s.016413">p.83.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016414">Animalia ex putri materia & exanguia cur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016415">p.83.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016416">Animalia in ſaxis ſolidis. </s> <s id="s.016417">p.545.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016418">Animalia quæ pariunt, aliis ſunt perfectiſſi<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.016419">p.78.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016420">Animalium procreatio quinque modis. </s> <s id="s.016421">p.79. <lb></lb>col.1 Animalia quæ in frigidiſſimis regionibus non <lb></lb>viuunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016422">p.350.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016423">Animalia monſtruoſa. </s> <s id="s.016424">p.103.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016425">Animalibus lac augentia fabæ & Eruum, ſed <lb></lb>abortum facit in prægnantibus, cytiſus <lb></lb>quoque. </s> <s id="s.016426">p.97.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016427">Animalia ſex modis mouentur. </s> <s id="s.016428">p.8.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016429">Animalium omnium ſex propria. </s> <s id="s.016430">p.75.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016431">Animalium quinque differentiæ generaliter <lb></lb>p.75.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016432">Animalium ætates. </s> <s id="s.016433">p.78.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016434">Animalia cur coitus tempore pugnent. </s> <s id="s.016435">p.78. <lb></lb>col.2 Animalium pugna ob quatuor præſertim cau<lb></lb>ſas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016436">p.78.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016437">Animalia piloſa cur ſibi ſimiles generant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016438">p.83.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016439">Animalium differentiæ ex ciborum diſcrimi<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.016440">p.540.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016441">Animalia omnia habentia cornua Ramoſa <lb></lb>dura ac ſolida habent & ſtulta ac timida. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016442">p.532.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016443">Animalia omnia natura armauit aduerſus ſex <lb></lb>incommodorum genera. </s> <s id="s.016444">p.548.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016445">Animalia quomodo generantur. </s> <s id="s.016446">p.76.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016447">Animalium ordo. </s> <s id="s.016448">p.76.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016449">Animal fabuloſum. </s> <s id="s.016450">p.63.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016451">Anim <expan abbr="aliũ">alium</expan> mores, trium ſunt <expan abbr="generũ">generum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.016452">p.78.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016453">Animalia quomodo generentur in materno <lb></lb>vtero. </s> <s id="s.016454">p.561.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016455">Animal monſtroſum. </s> <s id="s.016456">p.531.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016457">Animalium pinguium dignotio. </s> <s id="s.016458">p.252.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016459">Animalia diuerſa numero, non poſſunt in ter<lb></lb>ra & aqua degere, & in ſpecie conuenire. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016460">p.77.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016461">Animalium generalis ratio & differentiæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016462">p.75.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016463">Animal mira forma in noua Hiſpania iuxta <lb></lb>Aluaradum flumen, ab Hiſpanis armatum <lb></lb>aut contectum appellatur. </s> <s id="s.016464">p.101.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016465">Animalium omnium fœdiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.016466">p.93.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016467">Animalia communia. </s> <s id="s.016468">p.93.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016469">Animal abſque cibo quomodo viuere poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016470">p.518.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016471">Animalium plurimorum generationes mira<lb></lb>biles & notatu digniſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.016472">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016473">Animalia è putri materia genita, cur ſint <lb></lb>ſemper parua. </s> <s id="s.016474">p.84.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016475">Animalium cognitio qualis. </s> <s id="s.016476">p.582.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016477">Animalia lapides deuorantia. </s> <s id="s.016478">p.77.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016479">Animalia omnia natura armauit aduerſus ſex <lb></lb>incommodorum genera. </s> <s id="s.016480">p.548.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016481">Anima mundi mouet principium internum <lb></lb>vt ab alitis, quæ extrinſecus ſunt, non vt <lb></lb>pars moti. </s> <s id="s.016482">p.680.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016483">Animam eſſe immobilem clariſſimè & ſub<lb></lb>tiliſſimè demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.016484">p.81.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016485">Animi humani partes. </s> <s id="s.016486">p.582.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016487">Animi an corporis affectus plus nos moueant <lb></lb>p.152.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016488">Animi humani partes. </s> <s id="s.016489">p.583.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016490">Animi perturbationes quomodo poſſint la<lb></lb>tere. </s> <s id="s.016491">p.234.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016492">An monſtra aliquid præmonſtrent ſemper. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016493">p.569.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016494">An monſtra ſint in intento fine. </s> <s id="s.016495">pag.568.c.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016496">An metalla viuant. </s> <s id="s.016497">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016498">Anonis comentum ad occupandum tyranni<lb></lb>dem. </s> <s id="s.016499">p.536.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016500">Anni Biſſextilis mira. </s> <s id="s.016501">p.33.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016502">Anſerina oua fœlicius ac Pauonina à gallinis <lb></lb>fouentur. </s> <s id="s.016503">p.107.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016504">Anſeris miraculum. </s> <s id="s.016505">p.112.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016506">An ſerpentes volitent & an habeant vene<lb></lb>num. </s> <s id="s.016507">p.698.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016508">An ſit poſſibile facere aquam quæ in multa <lb></lb>ſæcula vitam prorogat. </s> <s id="s.016509">p.384.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016510">An ſub orbe lunæ Ignem eſſe ſit exiſtiman<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.016511">p.697.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016512">Annulus intruſus digito quomodo facile poſ<lb></lb>ſit extrahi. </s> <s id="s.016513">p.254.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016514">Anthropophagi quid & cur. </s> <s id="s.016515">p.336.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016516">Anthiæ ſacri piſces cur dicantur & cur illis <lb></lb>præſentibus piſcatores poſſint tuto vrina<lb></lb>re. </s> <s id="s.016517">p.131.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016518">Antropophagorum intuitus cur adeo terri<lb></lb>bilis. </s> <s id="s.016519">p.363.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016520">Annulus præſtigioſus. </s> <s id="s.016521">p.253.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016522">An terra ſub aqua generetur. </s> <s id="s.016523">p.684.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016524">Antuerpia quæ. </s> <s id="s.016525">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016526">Antipodes vnde ſic dicti. </s> <s id="s.016527">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016528">Antiquorum mos de horis capiendi cibi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016529">p.337.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016530">Antichthones quare ſic appellentur. </s> <s id="s.016531">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016532">Antœci vocantur quaſi contrarij loci Accolæ <lb></lb>p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016533">Apes Albæ. </s> <s id="s.016534">p.87.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016535">Apes quæ iuuent. </s> <s id="s.016536">p.87.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016537">Cur Apes furta odire ferantur. </s> <s id="s.016538">p.87.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016539">Apes & muſcæ dentes habent. </s> <s id="s.016540">p.84.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016541">Apes flore buxi pereunt. </s> <s id="s.016542">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016543">Apis cur facta ſapientiſſima, vnde argu<lb></lb>mentum efficax animorum immortalitatis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016544">p.85.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016545">Apum generatio. </s> <s id="s.016546">p.86.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016547">Apum regni adminiſtratio. </s> <s id="s.016548">p.86.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016549">A Pluribus Chiromanticis Authoribus pol-<pb xlink:href="016/01/364.jpg"></pb>lex tribuitur Veneri minimus verò Mercu<lb></lb>rio, & triangulus Marti. </s> <s id="s.016550">p.288.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016551">Apollonij laus. </s> <s id="s.016552">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016553">Appollinis flos. </s> <s id="s.016554">p.483.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016555">Apes aluearia condentes quid ſignificent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016556">p.279.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016557">Apua. </s> <s id="s.016558">p.519.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016559">Apua <emph type="italics"></emph>ſeu<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Aphia quomodo generetur eiuſque <lb></lb>proprietates. </s> <s id="s.016560">p.120.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016561">Aqua ardens quæ melior. </s> <s id="s.016562">p.204.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016563">Aquarum odores. </s> <s id="s.016564">p.410.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016565">Aquæ arbores diuerſas nutrientes. </s> <s id="s.016566">p.410.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016567">Aquarum à pondere differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.016568">p.410.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016569">Aquæ quæ lapideſcunt & arbores mutant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016570">p.410.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016571">Aqua ardens oleo ſuperſtat. </s> <s id="s.016572">p.617.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016573">Aqua lactis fontanæ ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.016574">p.243.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016575">Aquæ diſtillatæ an vires habeant. </s> <s id="s.016576">p.383.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016577">Aquę puteorum cur hyeme ſint calidæ. </s> <s id="s.016578">p.408. <lb></lb>col.1 Aquarum differentia à locis ſumitur diuerſis. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016579">p.411.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016580">Aquarum naturæ ac vires. </s> <s id="s.016581">p.411.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016582">Aquæ maximum edentes ſtrepitum. </s> <s id="s.016583">p.409. <lb></lb>col.2 Aqua & vinum quomodo refrigerentur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016584">p.580.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016585">Aqua in lapides conuertuntur. </s> <s id="s.016586">p.24.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016587">Aqua quæ aurum ab argento ſeparet eiuſ<lb></lb>que compoſitio. </s> <s id="s.016588">p.384.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016589">Aqua potentiſſima quænam ſit eiuſque com<lb></lb>poſitio. </s> <s id="s.016590">p.384.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016591">Aqua quantum ſub terra, ex pluuia deſcendat <lb></lb>p.23.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016592">Aquarum ardentis & ſeparationis compara<lb></lb>tio. </s> <s id="s.016593">p.385.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016594">Aqua quæ veſicæ lapidem poteſt confringere <lb></lb>p.385.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016595">Aqua quomodo bifariam ignem poſſit accen<lb></lb>dere. </s> <s id="s.016596">p.194.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016597">Aquarum ſapores. </s> <s id="s.016598">p.410.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016599">Aqua à quibus corrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.016600">p.580.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016601">Aquam corruptam quæ corrigant. </s> <s id="s.016602">pag.580. <lb></lb>col.1 Aqua ſtygia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016603">p.411.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016604">Aquæ deſtilationis humani ſtercoris. </s> <s id="s.016605">p.193. <lb></lb>col.1 Aqueum inutile. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016606">p.437.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016607">Aquarum colores. </s> <s id="s.016608">p.410.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016609">Aqua ardens vritur illæſo linteo quod eâ <lb></lb>madet. </s> <s id="s.016610">p.381.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016611">Aquæ dulces vbinam habeantur. </s> <s id="s.016612">p.22.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016613">Aquæ cur celeriter odorem bonum amittant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016614">p.486.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016615">Aqua quomodo plus aſcendat, quam deſcen<lb></lb>dat. </s> <s id="s.016616">p.26.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016617">Aquarum deſtillatarum in commotica vſus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016618">p.260.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016619">Aqua quum in puteis & ciſternis corrumpa<lb></lb>tur, quomodo poſſit expurgari. </s> <s id="s.016620">p.22.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016621">Aqua quieſcens cur corrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.016622">pag. </s> <s id="s.016623">22. <lb></lb>col.1 Aquæ deſtillatæ cur non corrumpantur aut <lb></lb>ſaltem tardè. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016624">p.22.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016625">Aquarum differentiæ generales. </s> <s id="s.016626">pag. </s> <s id="s.016627">22. <lb></lb>col.2 Aqua multiplicis vſus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016628">p.260.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016629">Aqua etiam in canali trahit ſubſequentem <lb></lb>aquam. </s> <s id="s.016630">p.20.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016631">Aqua veſicę lapidem frangens cur & quando <lb></lb>frangat. </s> <s id="s.016632">p.197.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016633">Aquarum motus ratio. </s> <s id="s.016634">p.17.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016635">Cauſa impetus aquæ. </s> <s id="s.016636">p.18.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016637">Aqua velociùs per fiſtulas quàm per canales <lb></lb>fertur. </s> <s id="s.016638">p.18.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016639">Motus aquæ per vnam lineam velociſſimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016640">p.18.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016641">Aqua in vaſis quieſcens, cur rotunda in ſu<lb></lb>perficie. </s> <s id="s.016642">p.19.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016643">Aqua in fouea, non mouetur niſi ab alia ſi ſit <lb></lb>ſub libella. </s> <s id="s.016644">p.20.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016645">Aquæ partes omnes fermè ſimul mouentur, <lb></lb>aliquando tamen tardius ſupremæ pag.21. <lb></lb>col.1 Aquarum genera à ſitu & magnitudine ſum<lb></lb>pta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016646">p.405.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016647">Aquæ guttæ apud nos æſtate generant pu<lb></lb>lices, & alibi in rubetas vertuntur. </s> <s id="s.016648">p.648. <lb></lb>col.1 Aqua non defluit, niſi humilior ſit locus ad <lb></lb>quem defluit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016649">p.20.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016650">Aqua coctione emendatur, quod eſt Auicen<lb></lb>næ, non de coctione, ſed diſtillatione, eſt <lb></lb>intelligendum. </s> <s id="s.016651">p.22.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016652">Aqua quomodo per ignis auxilium vbique <lb></lb>habeatur. </s> <s id="s.016653">p.22.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016654">Aquæ in lapides quibuſdam in locis conuer<lb></lb>tuntur, & elementa inuicem. </s> <s id="s.016655">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016656">Aqua frigida quomodo habeatur. </s> <s id="s.016657">pag.262. <lb></lb>col.1 Aquæ moſcho imbutæ quæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016658">p.262.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016659">Aquæ frigidiſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.016660">p.409.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016661">Aquæ quomodo per noctem vnicam & per <lb></lb>quid congelari poſſint. </s> <s id="s.016662">p.253.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016663">Aquæ ardentis optimæ extractio. </s> <s id="s.016664">pag. </s> <s id="s.016665">197. <lb></lb>col.1 Aqua marina ſpumæ maris ſimilis eiuſque <lb></lb>qualitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016666">p.51.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016667">Aquæ frigidiſſimæ quæ piſces nutriant quæ <lb></lb>non. </s> <s id="s.016668">p.136.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016669">Aqua decocta eſt optima. </s> <s id="s.016670">p.263.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016671">Aquiſgranum. </s> <s id="s.016672">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016673">Aquila. </s> <s id="s.016674">p.543.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016675">Aquilæ aſtutia quænam ſit. </s> <s id="s.016676">p.112.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016677">Aquilæ mirum. </s> <s id="s.016678">p.111.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016679">Arabica gemma ebori ſimillima, eius pro<lb></lb>prietares & differentia. </s> <s id="s.016680">p.52.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016681">Araneæ & ſcorpiones matrem occidunt & <lb></lb>quandoque patrem, idque iuſtè. </s> <s id="s.016682">pag. </s> <s id="s.016683">88. <lb></lb>col.1 Arbor mirabilis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016684">p.64.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016685">Arbores orientes ex aliarum arborum plan<lb></lb>tis inſitionem villici, fato, naturâ, conſi<lb></lb>lio & fortuna dicuntur oriri. </s> <s id="s.016686">Fato quidem, <lb></lb>vt ad complexum omnium cauſarum res <lb></lb>comparatur, naturâ verò, vt ad ſurculum, <lb></lb>qui inſertus eſt ramo alterius arboris, con<lb></lb>ſilio vt comparatur ad villicum qui inſi<lb></lb>tionis autor fuit: fortuna comparatione <lb></lb>Domini qui neſciebat villicum inſeruiſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016687">p.707.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016688">Arbores plerumque herbis tenuioris ſubſtan<lb></lb>tiæ. </s> <s id="s.016689">p.483.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016690">Arbores ne à iumentis lædantur. </s> <s id="s.016691">p.6<gap></gap>.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016692">Arborum differentiæ ex regionibus. </s> <s id="s.016693">pag.487. <lb></lb>col.2 Arbuſta & herbæ quomodo in arbores tran<lb></lb>ſeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016694">p.67.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/365.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016695">Arca quæ pecunias recondit abſque indicio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016696">p.623.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016697">Architecti munera. </s> <s id="s.016698">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016699">Architectura quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.016700">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016701">Arces & turres vt in aqua videantur. </s> <s id="s.016702">p.303. <lb></lb>col.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016703">Arcus, chorda, ſinus rectus, & ſinus verſus <lb></lb>quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.016704">p.230.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016705">Archymedis laus. </s> <s id="s.016706">p.607.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016707">Arenæ genera. </s> <s id="s.016708">p.404.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016709">Arena tenuior, eſt media inter aquam & la<lb></lb>pides, non autem puluis. </s> <s id="s.016710">p.226.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016711">Argentum viuum non cogitur niſi ob con<lb></lb>trarium. </s> <s id="s.016712">p.691.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016713">Argenti liquefaciendi mira ratio. </s> <s id="s.016714">p.46.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016715">Argentum viuum in corium ceruinum tranſit <lb></lb>modus ſeligendi aurum, quo in fragmen<lb></lb>tis eſt. </s> <s id="s.016716">p.447.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016717">Argenteus color quis. </s> <s id="s.016718">p.267.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016719">Argenti viui & ſulphuris natura. </s> <s id="s.016720">p.683.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016721">Argentoratum vbi. </s> <s id="s.016722">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016723">Argentum viuum quomodo inueniatur. </s> <s id="s.016724">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016725">447.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016726">Argentum viuum quomodo extrahatur & <lb></lb>vnde. </s> <s id="s.016727">p.203.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016728">Argentum viuum omnia metallica vaſa per<lb></lb>forat. </s> <s id="s.016729">p.447.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016730">Argenti in aurum mirabilis mutatio quomo<lb></lb>do fiat. </s> <s id="s.016731">p.207.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016732">Argumenta quibus animæ immortalitas pro<lb></lb>batur. </s> <s id="s.016733">p.707.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016734">Argenti ſublimati detrimenta. </s> <s id="s.016735">p.259.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016736">Argilla. </s> <s id="s.016737">p.36.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016738">Arietis machinæ ſtructura mirabilis & no<lb></lb>tatu digna. </s> <s id="s.016739">p.217.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016740">Aries cum vno cornu in medio frontis. </s> <s id="s.016741">p.522. <lb></lb>col.2 Ariſtotelis laus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016742">p.607.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016743">Ariſtotelis locus de ſignis linearum explica<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.016744">p.287.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016745">Ariſtoteles cur de Dæmonibus nihil tracta<lb></lb>uit. </s> <s id="s.016746">p.318.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016747">Ariſtoteles non intellexit cauſam corruptio<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.016748">p.72.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016749">Ariſtoteles in Rhetoricis præcipit ſatius eſſe <lb></lb>malle malè audire quàm dicere, iniuriam <lb></lb>pati quàm inferre aut reddere. </s> <s id="s.016750">p.676.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016751">Ariſtotelis ſententia circa frigiditatem cum <lb></lb>Auicennæ opinione. </s> <s id="s.016752">p.682.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016753">Ariſtotelis laus eximia. </s> <s id="s.016754">p.79.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016755">Ariſtotelis accuſatio. </s> <s id="s.016756">p.83.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016757">Ariſtoteles verecundus. </s> <s id="s.016758">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016759">Arietes cum quatuor cornibus. </s> <s id="s.016760">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016761">Arma quomodo celari poſſint in ferro. </s> <s id="s.016762">p.210. <lb></lb>col.1 Armillæ quid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016763">p.223.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016764">Aromata quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.016765">p.706.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016766">Aromaticus. </s> <s id="s.016767">p.41.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016768">Argumentum quantum mel vitæ producen<lb></lb>dæ commodi afferat, declarat. </s> <s id="s.016769">p.87.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016770">Ars Magica Artefij & Mihinij. </s> <s id="s.016771">p.312.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016772">Ars quælibet ſuam habet diuinationem. </s> <s id="s.016773">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016774">268.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016775">Ars naturæ imitatrix rigoroſiſſima iuxta Ari<lb></lb>ſtotelis ſententiam. </s> <s id="s.016776">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016777">Artes Nobiliores futura prædicendi. </s> <s id="s.016778">p.633. <lb></lb>col.2 Artes nobiliores latere & quænam ſint. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016779">p.611.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016780">Artis Magnæ quintuplex vſus. </s> <s id="s.016781">p.602.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016782">Artis nauticæ mira. </s> <s id="s.016783">p.210.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016784">Artes tres quæ ſubtilitate Illuſtrantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016785">p.609.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016786">Artificum varietas. </s> <s id="s.016787">p.210.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016788">Artificia mirabilia. </s> <s id="s.016789">p.216.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016790">Artificum Exempla ſubtilitatis plenæ. </s> <s id="s.016791">p.613. <lb></lb>col.2 Arundo piſcis inter maris miracula recen<lb></lb>ſenda aues volando æmulatur quadrato eſt <lb></lb>capite. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016792">p.141.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016793">Aſelli piſces ſunt molli carne ac friabili dum <lb></lb>ſunt recentes adeo vt ventriculo nullus <lb></lb>concoctus leuior ſit. </s> <s id="s.016794">p.133.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016795">Aſellorum piſcium quodnam ſit genus & an <lb></lb>multas ſub ſe contineat ſpecies quinque <lb></lb>ſunt notæ ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.016796">p.133.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016797">Aſinus rudens vehementer ſuper tribunali <lb></lb>ſedens præſente turba apparuit. </s> <s id="s.016798">p.280.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016799">Aſinus cur ſtupidus. </s> <s id="s.016800">p.524.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016801">Aſinorum mira diſciplina. </s> <s id="s.016802">p.524.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016803">Aſini, Muli, Leones, Elephantes, Cameli, Si<lb></lb>miæ in frigidiſſimis regionibus non vi<lb></lb>uunt. </s> <s id="s.016804">p.350.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016805">Aſini partes ad medicinam vtiles. </s> <s id="s.016806">p.103.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016807">Aſini cur in frigidiſſimis regionibus non pro<lb></lb>pagantur. </s> <s id="s.016808">p.15.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016809">Aſini cur bibendo parum mergant os. </s> <s id="s.016810">p.513. <lb></lb>col.1 Aſpides vt obſtupeſcant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016811">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016812">Aſphodelus, maluáque liliis ſimillima. </s> <s id="s.016813">p.55. <lb></lb>col.2 Aſterias eſt vna ſpecies piſcium, non ſolùm <lb></lb>maculis, ſed ſuauitate guſtus eſt cæteris <lb></lb>præſtantior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016814">p.130.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016815">Aſtra omnia habere lumen & vmbram aper<lb></lb>tè probatur. </s> <s id="s.016816">p.417.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016817">Aſtra alia ex parte non poſſe oriri quam ex <lb></lb>oriente demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.016818">p.30.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016819">Aſtra quare nocte melius quam die videan<lb></lb>tur & quare melius iuxta polum quam iux<lb></lb>ta æquinoctialem. </s> <s id="s.016820">p.2.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016821">Aſtra maxima eſſe & maximè à nobis diſtare <lb></lb>demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.016822">p.414.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016823">Aſtrorum omnium loca ætate noſtra ſunt in<lb></lb>certa. </s> <s id="s.016824">p.184.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016825">Aſtragali quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.016826">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016827">Aſturcon equus Cardani. </s> <s id="s.016828">p.98.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016829">Aſturcorum ſeu inceſſus equorum ratio. </s> <s id="s.016830">p.94. <lb></lb>col.2 Atherina quę apud Venetos vocatur (anguel<lb></lb>la) eſt piſciculus admodum ob copiam vti<lb></lb>lis, ſoli expoſitus totus pellucet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016831">p.135.c.2 <lb></lb>cap.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016832">Atlantis maioris æthiopiæ montis mirum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016833">p.668.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016834">Atramentum perpetuum. </s> <s id="s.016835">p.251.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016836">Atramentum viride quid ſit & ex quibus <lb></lb>conſtet & ad quid ſit accommodatum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016837">p.267.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016838">Atramenti quatuor conditiones, fluxio ſcili<lb></lb>cet, corpulentia, nigredo atque ſplendor. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016839">p.257.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016840">Atramentum typographorum ex qua mate<lb></lb>ria conficiatur. </s> <s id="s.016841">p.258.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016842">Atramenti promptuarij optimique diſcriptio <lb></lb>mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.016843">p.256.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016844">Atrium miræ formæ. </s> <s id="s.016845">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016846">Attilius piſcis eſt omnino ſimilis ſturioni & <pb xlink:href="016/01/366.jpg"></pb>ideo vide illius deſcriptionem. </s> <s id="s.016847">pag. </s> <s id="s.016848">136. <lb></lb>col.2 Auguſtini Lauizari Comelis ab echo dece<lb></lb>pti hiſtoria mira. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016849">p.653.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016850">Auguſti forma. </s> <s id="s.016851">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016852">Aues cur dentibus careant. </s> <s id="s.016853">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016854">Auis Manuco dicta numquam terris habitat, <lb></lb>ſed ſemper In aëre ſublimi ſuſpenſa viuit <lb></lb>quum pedibus caret modus procreandæ <lb></lb>ſobolis in aëre mirabilis, paſtus, & potus <lb></lb>eiuſdem. </s> <s id="s.016855">p.542.c.1.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016856">Auium abundantia in aëre ſalubritatis eius <lb></lb>argumentum maximum. </s> <s id="s.016857">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016858">Aues cur veſica careant. </s> <s id="s.016859">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016860">Auicularum cibus. </s> <s id="s.016861">p.197.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016862">Auiculæ quomodo pulchrè alantur. </s> <s id="s.016863">p.107. <lb></lb>col.2 Aues cicures. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016864">p.545.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016865">Aues mortuæ & feræ quomodo eligendæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016866">p.242.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016867">Auium ſi pediculis detinentur cura. </s> <s id="s.016868">pag.107. <lb></lb>col.2 Aues cur dentibus careant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016869">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016870">Auium in cantu delectatio. </s> <s id="s.016871">p.111.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016872">Auium propria. </s> <s id="s.016873">p.521.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016874">Aues. </s> <s id="s.016875">p.104.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016876">Auis bene olens. </s> <s id="s.016877">p.104.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016878">Auium rapacium diligentia in educandis fi<lb></lb>liis. </s> <s id="s.016879">p.104.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016880">Auium vitæ longitudo. </s> <s id="s.016881">p.104.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016882">Aues in quot diebus formentur. </s> <s id="s.016883">p.104.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016884">Auium omnis generis abundantia, ſalubrita<lb></lb>tis aëris maximum argumentum. </s> <s id="s.016885">p.542. <lb></lb>col.1 Auibus capiendis veneno. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016886">p.107.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016887">Auium rapacium alimenta qualia eſſe opor<lb></lb>teat. </s> <s id="s.016888">p.107.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016889">Auium proprietates. </s> <s id="s.016890">p.108.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016891">Auium tria genera. </s> <s id="s.016892">p.105.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016893">Auium victus. </s> <s id="s.016894">p.105.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016895">Aues maſculæ quomodo diſcernantur à fœ<lb></lb>minis. </s> <s id="s.016896">p.105.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016897">Aues cur duos habeant ventriculos. </s> <s id="s.016898">pag.545. <lb></lb>col.1 Aues cur pedes paruos habeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016899">pag.545. <lb></lb>col.1 Aues quomodo capiantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016900">p.581.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016901">Aues omnes cicures maximè quæ carnem <lb></lb>non veſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.016902">p.545.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016903">Auis maxima. </s> <s id="s.016904">p.543.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016905">Aues rapaces roſtrum & vngues & anelitum <lb></lb>habent maleficum. </s> <s id="s.016906">p.106.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016907">Aues nouæ quo in loco, quo tempore & quo <lb></lb>anno viſæ fuerint quidue ſignificauerint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016908">p.280.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016909">Auis maxima In india. </s> <s id="s.016910">p.543.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016911">Auis mira in noua Hiſpania. </s> <s id="s.016912">p.109.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016913">Auium varia prudentiæ argumenta. </s> <s id="s.016914">p.112. <lb></lb>col.1 Auium amicitia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016915">p.112.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016916">Auium diuerſæ proprietates. </s> <s id="s.016917">p.112.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016918">Auiculæ in arbore nutritæ. </s> <s id="s.016919">p.57.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016920">Auellana Mexicana. </s> <s id="s.016921">p.56.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016922">Aura, auis fœtens quæ cadaueribus aliiſque <lb></lb>putridis excrementis veſcitur. </s> <s id="s.016923">pag.111. <lb></lb>col.1 Auricalchum & eius compoſitio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016924">pag.458. <lb></lb>col.1 Aureus color quomodo abſque auro fiat. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016925">p.267.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016926">Aurium ſordes. </s> <s id="s.016927">p.153.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016928">Aurum argento viuo illitum frangitur. </s> <s id="s.016929">p.447. <lb></lb>col.2 Auripigmentum arſenicum Roſa Gallum. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016930">p.446.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016931">Aruſpicia. </s> <s id="s.016932">p.298.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016933">Aurium duplex priuilegium. </s> <s id="s.016934">p.575.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016935">Aurum quomodo generetur. </s> <s id="s.016936">p.453.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016937">Aurum ſolum in argento viuo mergitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016938">p.447.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016939">Aurum cur non queat deſtillari & argentum <lb></lb>pariter. </s> <s id="s.016940">p.199.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016941">Aurum & argentum quomodo deferantur <lb></lb>clam. </s> <s id="s.016942">p.237.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016943">Auſpicia. </s> <s id="s.016944">p.297.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016945">Auſtri proprietates. </s> <s id="s.016946">p.25.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016947">Author per ſomnum monitus vt libros de <lb></lb>Rerum Varietate conſcriberet. </s> <s id="s.016948">pag. </s> <s id="s.016949">272. <lb></lb>col.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016950">Authoris proprietates quatuor. </s> <s id="s.016951">Prima eſt <lb></lb>proprietas quòd quoties volebat extra ſen<lb></lb>ſum quaſi in exſtaſim tranſibat, & docet <lb></lb>modum quo illud mirum fit. </s> <s id="s.016952">Secunda <lb></lb>proprietas eſt, quòd volebat, videbat, quæ <lb></lb>volebat oculis non vi mentis & cur. </s> <s id="s.016953">Ter<lb></lb>tia eſt, quòd omnium, quæ ipſi euentura <lb></lb>erant, imaginem videbat per ſomnum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016954">Quarta quòd eorum quæ illi neceſſario de<lb></lb>bebant contingere veſtigia in vnguibus <lb></lb>apparebant. </s> <s id="s.016955">p.160. & 161.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016956">Author admonitus per ſomnum vt libros <lb></lb>conſcriberet. </s> <s id="s.016957">p.650.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016958">Author quomodo hunc librum abſoluerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016959">p.650.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016960">Authores condendarum Ephemeridum re<lb></lb>cenſentur. </s> <s id="s.016961">p.226.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016962">Authores & Tabelliones nomina vſitata ſem<lb></lb>per opponunt. </s> <s id="s.016963">p.703.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016964">Authoris hiſtoria mira. </s> <s id="s.016965">p.652.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016966">Authoris ſomnium. </s> <s id="s.016967">p.332.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016968">Autumno cur multæ pluuiæ. </s> <s id="s.016969">p.664.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016970">Auxilia extinguendi magna incendia propo<lb></lb>nuntur. </s> <s id="s.016971">p.376.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016972">Auxilium Machinarum ne frangantur. </s> <s id="s.016973">p.379. <lb></lb>col.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016974"><emph type="center"></emph>B.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016975">Baara radix admirabilis. </s> <s id="s.016976">p.488.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016977">Balani; alij Pollicipedes vocant omnes <lb></lb>affixi ſunt lapidibus, duplici teſta naſcun<lb></lb>tur & quare. </s> <s id="s.016978">p.124.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016979">Balenę <emph type="italics"></emph>genitalium<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> magnitudo miranda. </s> <s id="s.016980">p.129. <lb></lb>col.1 Balenarum adeps in oculis copioſus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016981">p.140. <lb></lb>co.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016982">Balſamum cur in vno Puteo tantum irrigari <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.016983">p.632.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016984">Balſamum. </s> <s id="s.016985">p.489.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016986">Balſami artificioſa notatu digniſſima deſcri<lb></lb>ptio. </s> <s id="s.016987">p.201.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016988">Balſamum indum, & eius vires. </s> <s id="s.016989">pag. </s> <s id="s.016990">490. <lb></lb>col.2 Balſamina. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016991">p.490.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016992">Balſaminæ fructus ſepultus tranſit in oleum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.016993">p.201.c.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016994">Barba cana vel candens quid ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.016995">p.147. <lb></lb>col.2 Barbari quid proprium habeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016996">p.4.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016997">Barbi piſces ſiue barbati è mugilum genere <pb xlink:href="016/01/367.jpg"></pb>eſſe creduntur, quorum oua ſi menſe maij <lb></lb>edantur afferunt tormina & bilis vomitum <lb></lb>p.134.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.016998">Baſiliæ vrbis deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.016999">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017000">Baſinates piſces deſcribuntur. </s> <s id="s.017001">pag. </s> <s id="s.017002">144. <lb></lb>col.1 Batata radix. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017003">p.56.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017004">Bellicæ machinæ impellunt ordinem vniuerſi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017005">p.361.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017006">Belluæ omnes multiformes in Africa ſunt ſi<lb></lb>cut in Europa fortiores, & in Aſia effera<lb></lb>tiores. </s> <s id="s.017007">p.16.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017008">Berillus illiuſque proprietates & in quo diffe<lb></lb>rat ab Smaragdo. </s> <s id="s.017009">p.50.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017010">Bernucium veſtis genus. </s> <s id="s.017011">p.625.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017012">Biarmij ſub polo. </s> <s id="s.017013">p.16.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017014">Bibliothecæ ac libri variaque antiquæ ma<lb></lb>gnificentiæ exempla. </s> <s id="s.017015">p.344.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017016">Bibliothecæ cur ſint factæ. </s> <s id="s.017017">p.344.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017018">Bibliotheca maxima. </s> <s id="s.017019">p.564.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017020">Bis in die ſtella Mediolani apparuit, & cur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017021">p.275.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017022">Biſontes. </s> <s id="s.017023">p.513.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017024">Biſſinum maximo in pretio. </s> <s id="s.017025">p.625. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017026">Bitumen vt ferrum vel plumbum ictui mal<lb></lb>lei reſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.017027">p.688.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017028">Bituminis genera 12. nobiliora. </s> <s id="s.017029">pag. </s> <s id="s.017030">443. <lb></lb>col.1 Blitum rubeum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017031">p.58.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017032">Bomaſus in Meſſapo Pœonio <expan abbr="mõte">monte</expan> gignitur, <lb></lb>eius deſcriptio & natura, ab Ariſtotele vi<lb></lb>ſus. </s> <s id="s.017033">p.82.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017034">Borealiorum regionum varietates, ac penè <lb></lb>miracula. </s> <s id="s.017035">p.16.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017036">Boſphori Thracij mirum. </s> <s id="s.017037">p.17.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017038">Botta piſcis ſimilis Gobioni eorum natura & <lb></lb>vtilitates & quem locum incolat. </s> <s id="s.017039">p.134. <lb></lb>col.1 Boues hirſuti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017040">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017041">Boues gibbi. </s> <s id="s.017042">p.101.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017043">Boues æthiopici. </s> <s id="s.017044">p.531.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017045">Boues Anglici exigui & magnis cornibus & <lb></lb>cur. </s> <s id="s.017046">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017047">Boues ne pedes ſubterant. </s> <s id="s.017048">p.95.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017049">Boum cornua quomodo formentur. </s> <s id="s.017050">pag.95. <lb></lb>col.2 Boum morbi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017051">p.95.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017052">Bobus ſanguinem mingentibus. </s> <s id="s.017053">p.95.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017054">Bobus à morbis præſeruandis. </s> <s id="s.017055">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017056">Boum lectus. </s> <s id="s.017057">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017058">Boues vt pingueſcant dulcibus frondibus, ſo<lb></lb>le & lotione aquæ. </s> <s id="s.017059">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017060">Bracchialia ex auro plurimum iuuant, ne ma<lb></lb>teria vlla manus infeſtet. </s> <s id="s.017061">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017062">Branchiæ quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.017063">p.112.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017064">Branchiarum vſus. </s> <s id="s.017065">p.112.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017066">Braſilia quæ ab oriente mari alluitur gem<lb></lb>marum inſulas habere dicitur ob earum <lb></lb>abundantiam. </s> <s id="s.017067">p.689.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017068">Braſilia. </s> <s id="s.017069">p.13.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017070">Braſſicæ laudes. </s> <s id="s.017071">p.59.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017072">Britanniæ laus, & mira. </s> <s id="s.017073">p.522.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017074">Brugis ciuitas quæ. </s> <s id="s.017075">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017076">Bruxellæ vbi. </s> <s id="s.017077">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017078">Bubulca ſequanæ alumna quando-nam viſa<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.017079">p.137.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017080">Bucephalus Alexandri Magni equus. </s> <s id="s.017081">p.546. <lb></lb>col.2 Buffali. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017082">p.531.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017083">Bufo quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.017084">p.692.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017085">Bufonis vires eius magnitudo natura & pro<lb></lb>prietates. </s> <s id="s.017086">p.138.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017087">Bugloſſum quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.017088">p.706.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017089">Buxi proprietates. </s> <s id="s.017090">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017091"><emph type="center"></emph>C.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017092">Cabuia eiuſque natura & proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017093">p.56.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017094">Cadauera humanorum propria. </s> <s id="s.017095">pag. </s> <s id="s.017096">153. <lb></lb>col.2 Cæcus quomodo ſcribere doceri poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017097">p.627. <lb></lb>col.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017098">Cælare quàm ſculpere difficilius. </s> <s id="s.017099">p.611.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017100">Cælum ſimul & ſemel eſſe exactè ſphæricum <lb></lb>& circulariter moueri dilucidiſſimè oſten<lb></lb>ditur. </s> <s id="s.017101">p.178.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017102">Cæleſtes motus trium generum. </s> <s id="s.017103">p.30.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017104">Cæruleum attramentum. </s> <s id="s.017105">p.446.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017106">Cæruleus lapis à Plinio Sapphirus vocatur, <lb></lb>proprietates illius & differentia ab aliis <lb></lb>lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.017107">p.51.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017108">Cænaculum beati ſaluatoris Papiæ. </s> <s id="s.017109">p.610. <lb></lb>col.1 Cæleſtium & mortalium ſimilitudo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017110">p.632. <lb></lb>col.2 Calchanti oleum quomodo facillime poſſit <lb></lb>haberi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017111">p.201.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017112">Calcei è corio aſinino non franguntur & cur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017113">p.252.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017114">Calcei lignei ac eorum tum aliorum com<lb></lb>moda. </s> <s id="s.017115">p.244.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017116">Calculatoris laus. </s> <s id="s.017117">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017118">Calculoſis & podagroſis amuletum. </s> <s id="s.017119">pag.172. <lb></lb>col.1 Calor cur opera maiora frigore faciat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017120">p.630. <lb></lb>col.1 Calor putridus quomodo animalia generet. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017121">p.388.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017122">Calorum inuicem tranſmutationes. </s> <s id="s.017123">p.387. <lb></lb>col.1 Calor ætereus non eſt elementum ſub Luna <lb></lb>ſed vis cæleſtis motu impreſſa, & motu <lb></lb>conſeruata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017124">p.704.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017125">Calidæ æſtatis indicia. </s> <s id="s.017126">p.307.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017127">Calumniatoris Cardani circa Iridem opinio <lb></lb>valdè ridicula. </s> <s id="s.017128">p.687.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017129">Calumniatoris Cardani verba in quibus <lb></lb>actionem cum re commutat & ſunt iſthęc. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Condenſatio & rarefactio motus ſunt loca<lb></lb>les, igitur denſitas & raritas ab actione ad <lb></lb>rem.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.678.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017130">Calx cur aqua accendatur. </s> <s id="s.017131">p.378.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017132">Calx quæ optima. </s> <s id="s.017133">p.378.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017134">Calx quantum decreſcat pondere. </s> <s id="s.017135">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017136">Calix eſt pars extrema fiſtulæ. </s> <s id="s.017137">p.19.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017138">Calix & Riuus vento familiari expoſitus, <lb></lb>multùm differentiæ afferret in deducendis <lb></lb>aquis. </s> <s id="s.017139">p.19.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017140">Camelus magis omnibus aliis animalibus <lb></lb>videtur hominum cauſa factus. </s> <s id="s.017141">pag.514. <lb></lb>col.1 Camelus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017142">p.523.c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017143">Cameli natura. </s> <s id="s.017144">p.103.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017145">Cameli caro lacque ſunt ſuauiſſima atque <lb></lb>ſalubria. </s> <s id="s.017146">p.96.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017147">Caminus fumum non remittens. </s> <s id="s.017148">p.375.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017149">Camphora quid ſit & vires. </s> <s id="s.017150">p.443.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017151">Cancri latipedes teſtudinum more ambulant, <lb></lb>ac natant. </s> <s id="s.017152">p.127.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/368.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017153">Cancri vndulati. </s> <s id="s.017154">p.127.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017155">Cancri marmorati. </s> <s id="s.017156">p.127.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017157">Cancri brachicelo. </s> <s id="s.017158">p.127.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017159">Cancri quomodo capiantur. </s> <s id="s.017160">p.581.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017161">Cancri & diuerſa ipſorum genera. </s> <s id="s.017162">pag. </s> <s id="s.017163">545. <lb></lb>col.2 Cancri Heracleotici, alij vrſos vocant robu<lb></lb>ſtiſſimos, eorum forma, proprietates & <lb></lb>vtilitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017164">p.127.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017165">Cancri. </s> <s id="s.017166">p.545.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017167">Candela mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.017168">p.193.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017169">Candela inextinguibilis item candela è gla<lb></lb>cie ardens. </s> <s id="s.017170">p.647.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017171">Candelæ quæ extinctæ accenduntur vnguen<lb></lb>tum Hermetis. </s> <s id="s.017172">p.192.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017173">Candelæ bene olentes. </s> <s id="s.017174">p.444.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017175">Canendi præcepta. </s> <s id="s.017176">p.603.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017177">Candidus color nullus perſpicuus ob nimiam <lb></lb>lucem quod aliis coloribus non contingit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017178">p.692.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017179">Candidæ quod tardiſſimæ abſumuntur. </s> <s id="s.017180">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017181">445.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017182">Canis mirabilis ſenſus. </s> <s id="s.017183">p.525.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017184">Canes acerrimi. </s> <s id="s.017185">p.525.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017186">Canis Rabidi morſus. </s> <s id="s.017187">p.167.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017188">Canes ne adlatrent. </s> <s id="s.017189">p.640.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017190">Cancri equites. </s> <s id="s.017191">p.142.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017192">Canes vt te non deſerant. </s> <s id="s.017193">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017194">Canum fœcunditas. </s> <s id="s.017195">p.101.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017196">Canum morbis remedia. </s> <s id="s.017197">p.96.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017198">Canis leuis. </s> <s id="s.017199">p.536.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017200">Canes indagatores quinam boni, quinam ma<lb></lb>li & quomodo nutriendi. </s> <s id="s.017201">p.93.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017202">Canes longo pilo dociles. </s> <s id="s.017203">p.94.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017204">Canes maculoſi, & varij plerumque morda<lb></lb>ces ſunt. </s> <s id="s.017205">p.97.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017206">Canes olfactu quantum præſtant tantum <lb></lb>viſu deficiuntur. </s> <s id="s.017207">p.705.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017208">Cannarum <emph type="italics"></emph>ſeu<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> arundinum & filicis odium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017209">p.63.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017210">Cantharides cur exulcerent veſicam. </s> <s id="s.017211">pag. </s> <s id="s.017212">4. <lb></lb>col.1 Capa animal, eius magnitudo, & illius deſ<lb></lb>criptio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017213">p.93.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017214">Capilli cur tenues & longi. </s> <s id="s.017215">p.559.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017216">Capillis tingendis quid non parum conferat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017217">p.260.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017218">Capi ſeu galli quomodo mores mutent & <lb></lb>impinguentur. </s> <s id="s.017219">p.107.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017220">Capito piſcis cur ita dictus. </s> <s id="s.017221">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017222">Capito ſeu mugil eſt carne duriore ac inſalu<lb></lb>bri, guſtui tamen gratiſſima. </s> <s id="s.017223">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017224">Capræ mirum. </s> <s id="s.017225">p.532.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017226">Caprarum cum eryngio conſenſus. </s> <s id="s.017227">pag. </s> <s id="s.017228">102. <lb></lb>col.2 Caput ſolum Balenæ mirandum vbi fuerit <lb></lb>repertum & quid ſigni fuerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017229">pag. </s> <s id="s.017230">280. <lb></lb>col.1 Capitis dolor ſolaris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017231">p.165.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017232">Capricorni. </s> <s id="s.017233">p.532.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017234">Carbones Scotici cum maculis aureis atque <lb></lb>argenteis. </s> <s id="s.017235">p.47.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017236">Carbones è lignis Vallium præſtantiores mo<lb></lb>dus conficiendi carbones optimos. </s> <s id="s.017237">p.617. <lb></lb>col.1 Carbunculi ſub plantis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017238">p.63.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017239">Carbunculo propria. </s> <s id="s.017240">p.464.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017241">Cardanus ab omni calumnia & maledicto <lb></lb>iurgio natura admodum alienus, mitis ac <lb></lb>placidus & muſarum alumnus. </s> <s id="s.017242">p.692.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017243">Cardani elogium præ foribus extabat <emph type="italics"></emph>tempus <lb></lb>poſſeſſio mea.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.674.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017244">Cardui vt ſine ſpinis naſcantur, egregia me<lb></lb>thodus. </s> <s id="s.017245">p.74.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017246">Caroli Zeni vulnerati cura mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.017247">p.168. <lb></lb>col.1 Caro vt vermiculis ſcatere videatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017248">p.647. <lb></lb>col.1 Corniuoræ naturâ ſunt magis feræ, vſu ta<lb></lb>men magis manſueſcunt, quia neque na<lb></lb>tura, neque exemplo terrentur, contrà eſt <lb></lb>de aliis, non naturâ manſuetæ ſunt, non <lb></lb>adeo tamen manſueſcunt, quia timidiores <lb></lb>tum naturâ, tum exemplo, cùm affines ſuas <lb></lb>occidi videant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017249">p.701.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017250">Cardui genera. </s> <s id="s.017251">Et cardi. </s> <s id="s.017252">p.579.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017253">Carnes in India incorruptæ ſeruantur. </s> <s id="s.017254">p.145. <lb></lb>col.2 Carnes coctæ vt crudæ appareant quid præ<lb></lb>ſtandum ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017255">p.303.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017256">Carnes æſtiuo tempore quomodo ſeruentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017257">p.580.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017258">Carnis electio. </s> <s id="s.017259">p.242.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017260">Caſtellum, calix, fiſtula, ſeptum, incile, lumen <lb></lb>Riuus quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.017261">p.19.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017262">Catapotiorum compoſitio & quomodo poſ<lb></lb>ſint ſeruari. </s> <s id="s.017263">p.243.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017264">Cathedra ſpontè ſe claudens. </s> <s id="s.017265">p.210.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017266">Cathena vitrea quæ alliſa ſolo ob tenuitatem <lb></lb>non frangebatur. </s> <s id="s.017267">p.209.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017268">Carthuſiani monachi cimicibus non infe<lb></lb>ſtantur. </s> <s id="s.017269">p.545.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017270">Caulis quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.017271">p.694.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017272">Caules & rapæ. </s> <s id="s.017273">p.578.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017274">Caules capitali quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.017275">pag.72. <lb></lb>col.2 Caules punici & maximi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017276">p.67.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017277">Cauliculis foliis viridibus ſeruandis. </s> <s id="s.017278">pag.74. <lb></lb>col.2 Cauſa principium & occaſio in quo differant. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017279">p.671.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017280">Cauſæ deſſolutionis in liquidiorem humo<lb></lb>rem ſex aſſignantur præcipuæ. </s> <s id="s.017281">Prima ca<lb></lb>lor, ſecunda humor, tertia mora, quarta <lb></lb>acrimonia, quinta tritura, ſexta proprietas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017282">p.204.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017283">Cauſa cur gemmæ reddant imaginem, gem<lb></lb>marum ortus. </s> <s id="s.017284">p.489.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017285">Cauſa cur aurum & gemmæ in oriente & <lb></lb>meridie magis generentur. </s> <s id="s.017286">p.436.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017287">Cauſæ putredinis aëris & peſtis. </s> <s id="s.017288">p.396.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017289">Cauſa frigiditatis aquarum. </s> <s id="s.017290">p.409.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017291">Cauſæ colorum aquarum. </s> <s id="s.017292">p.410.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017293">Cauſa cur ignis non poſſit extingui. </s> <s id="s.017294">p.194. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017295">Cauſa cur aſtra rotunda videantur plana. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017296">p.414.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017297">Cauſæ generationis monſtrorum. </s> <s id="s.017298">pag.569. <lb></lb>col.1 Cauſa ſaporis aquarum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017299">p.410.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017300">Cauſa ſtrepitus aquarum. </s> <s id="s.017301">p.409.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017302">Cauſa motus aquarum verſum potius quam <lb></lb>aliò. </s> <s id="s.017303">p.405.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017304">Cauſa ſcribendi libros <emph type="italics"></emph>de Rerum varietate<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>ſimul & eorum vtilitas. </s> <s id="s.017305">p.348.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017306">Cauſa ſonitus magni machinarum dum exo<lb></lb>nerentur. </s> <s id="s.017307">p.379.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017308">Cauſa varietatis coloris conchyliorum. </s> <s id="s.017309">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017310">539.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017311">Cauſæ patientiæ in tormentis & patrandi <lb></lb>maxima ſcelera. </s> <s id="s.017312">p.148.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/369.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017313">Cauſa cur aqua, & argentum viuum obſint <lb></lb>cum fiunt rotunda. </s> <s id="s.017314">p.448.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017315">Cauſa cur cadauera potius aquis innatent <lb></lb>quam corpora hominum viuentia. </s> <s id="s.017316">p.170. <lb></lb>col.2 Cauſæ ſexuum ab animalibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017317">p.82.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017318">Cauſæ multiplicis ſolis & lunæ tum circu<lb></lb>lorum mirabilium. </s> <s id="s.017319">p.278.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017320">Cauſa motus validi. </s> <s id="s.017321">p.278.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017322">Cauſa cur Equi allidant pedes. </s> <s id="s.017323">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017324">Cauſa veritatis præſagiorum. </s> <s id="s.017325">p.304.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017326">Cedri oleum. </s> <s id="s.017327">p.57.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017328">Cedrus cumanica & illius proprietates. </s> <s id="s.017329">p.58. <lb></lb>col.1 Cerei conuerſi cur extinguantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017330">pag. </s> <s id="s.017331">375. <lb></lb>col.1 Cernuæ piſcis natura, magnitudo, & vtilitas. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017332">p.137.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017333">Celacea & Turſio anteriores dentes obtuſos <lb></lb>habent, ſed oreas quaſi conuerſo ordine <lb></lb>latos anteriores, poſteriores acutos, & cur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017334">p.129.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017335">Cepe cur lacrymas cieant. </s> <s id="s.017336">p.168.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017337">Certum eſt plura eſſe portentoſa, præſertim <lb></lb>in lapidibus, & ſub terra videre naſci plura <lb></lb>animalia. </s> <s id="s.017338">p.702.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017339">Cerui cur viginti duobus ramis in cornibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017340">p.82.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017341">Cerui albi quo tempore & quo anno appa<lb></lb>ruerint. </s> <s id="s.017342">p.279.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017343">Ceruæ ſciſsâ aure naturaliter. </s> <s id="s.017344">p.82.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017345">Ceruos non oſtendere numerum annorum, <lb></lb>numero ramorum in cornibus. </s> <s id="s.017346">pag. </s> <s id="s.017347">82. <lb></lb>col.2 Cete. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017348">p.537.c.<gap></gap></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017349">Chalcantum cur adeo denigret. </s> <s id="s.017350">pag. </s> <s id="s.017351">445. <lb></lb>col.2 Chalibs vt ferrum ſcindat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017352">p.458.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017353">Chalibs factitius quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.017354">Chalibs opti<lb></lb>ma cognitio. </s> <s id="s.017355">p.458.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017356">Chalibis ferrive genera nobiliſſima. </s> <s id="s.017357">p.459. <lb></lb>col.1 Chamæleon. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017358">p.517.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017359">Chartæ quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.017360">p.255.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017361">Chiura. </s> <s id="s.017362">p.531.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017363">Chiromantiæ ratio & prædictiones. </s> <s id="s.017364">p.285. <lb></lb>col.1 Chriſti lex quando mutabitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017365">p.28.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017366">Chriſtiani cum Mahumetano contentio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017367">p.552.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017368">Chriſtiani viri in inimicos ſuos amare offi<lb></lb>cium eſt. </s> <s id="s.017369">p.676.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017370">Chryſippus, gloriabatur ſe certaturum cum <lb></lb>quouis mortali in Dialectica, & optabat <lb></lb>quempiam Deum cum illo congredi atque <lb></lb>diſputare in ea arte. </s> <s id="s.017371">p.674.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017372">Chryſocolla quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.017373">p.447.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017374">Chryſocolla & Alumen ſunt maximè affinia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017375">p.45.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017376">Chryſocollæ præparandæ modus. </s> <s id="s.017377">pag.45. <lb></lb>col.2 Chryſolithus qui antiquorum topazius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017378">p.466. <lb></lb>col.2 Chryſoliti vires. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017379">p.466.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017380">Chryſtallus cur ſex habeat ſuperficies. </s> <s id="s.017381">p.468. <lb></lb>col.2 Chryſtallum non eſſe glaciem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017382">p.468.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017383">Chryſtallina vaſa & reliqua ſimilia quomo<lb></lb>do ſint deferenda. </s> <s id="s.017384">p.244.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017385">Chymica Inuenta noua. </s> <s id="s.017386">p.615.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017387">Chymica inuenta aut nondum Nota aut ab<lb></lb>ſoleta. </s> <s id="s.017388">p.617.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017389">Chymiſtæ ſcitu neceſſaria ſunt tria. </s> <s id="s.017390">Quid <lb></lb>optandum, quid ſperandum & quomodo <lb></lb>habendum quod ſperatur. </s> <s id="s.017391">p.205.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017392">Cicadarum forma. </s> <s id="s.017393">p.88.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017394">Cicadarum hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.017395">p.518.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017396">Cicatricibus febri ciendæ. </s> <s id="s.017397">p.172.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017398">Cicero viros improbos viperas appellat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017399">p.697.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017400">Cicero Rhetoricæ ac Eloquentiæ pater non <lb></lb>abſurdè dubitauit, an facundia plus com<lb></lb>modi ac incommodi ciuitatibus afferret <lb></lb>& cur. </s> <s id="s.017401">p.673.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017402">Ciconiæ ſanguinem veneno aduerſari vehe<lb></lb>menter demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.017403">p.399.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017404">Cimices volantes. </s> <s id="s.017405">p.88.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017406">Cimices vt non habeamus pulchra inuentio <lb></lb>& methodus. </s> <s id="s.017407">p.92.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017408">Cinamomum. </s> <s id="s.017409">p.485.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017410">Circuitus mirabilis in natura quorundam <lb></lb>piſcium diuerſarum ſpecierum. </s> <s id="s.017411">p.138.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017412">Circulus abſque circino quomodo deſcribi <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.017413">p.253.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017414">Circulorum diuerſi generis deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.017415">p.277. <lb></lb>col.2 Circuli proprietates duodecim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017416">p.592.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017417">Circulo propoſito æquale quadratum quomo<lb></lb>do deſcribatur. </s> <s id="s.017418">p.250.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017419">Circuli ferri omnibus vaſis vinariis accom<lb></lb>modati. </s> <s id="s.017420">p.243.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017421">Circulorum mirabilium quæ apparent ſæpe <lb></lb>ſub ſeptentrione deſcriptio & ſignificata. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017422">p.276.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017423">Circulorum ſecundi generis deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.017424">p.277. <lb></lb>col.1 Circulorum tertij generis deſcriptio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017425">p.277. <lb></lb>col.1 Citrea putreſcunt pane calido ſuper impoſito. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017426">p.648.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017427">Ciuitates olim maximæ. </s> <s id="s.017428">p.338.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017429">Clakis auis generatio mira eiuſque deſcri<lb></lb>ptio. </s> <s id="s.017430">p.108.c.2. & 109.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017431">Clepſydra inter vaſa tàm admiratione di<lb></lb>gnum quàm vulgatum eſt, eius magnitudo <lb></lb>forma & vtilitas. </s> <s id="s.017432">p.214.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017433">Clibanus compendium pecuniæ faciens. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017434">p.193.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017435">Cochlea Archimedis quâ tota Ægyptus ſic<lb></lb>cata fuit: Galeas de Rubeis ſibi talis figu<lb></lb>ræ tribuens inuentionem, inſaniuit præ læ<lb></lb>titia, figuræ imago oſtenditur. </s> <s id="s.017436">pag. </s> <s id="s.017437">366. <lb></lb>c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017438">Coagulum cur in Omaſo. </s> <s id="s.017439">p.103.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017440">Coca planta, illius natura, folium ab incolis <lb></lb>Peru manditur. </s> <s id="s.017441">p.58.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017442">Chriſtalli & amantis differentia. </s> <s id="s.017443">p.463. <lb></lb>col.2 Chelis cum pleriſque cruſtaceis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017444">pag. </s> <s id="s.017445">127. <lb></lb>col.2 Cochleæ in cibis capiendis miranda ſagaci<lb></lb>tas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017446">p.123.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017447">Cochleæ cur teſtam exuant præſertim in ſe<lb></lb>nio. </s> <s id="s.017448">p.123.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017449">Cochlearum multæ ſpecies eſſe oſtenduntur <lb></lb>earúmque differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.017450">p.124.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017451">Cochleæ ſaginatæ. </s> <s id="s.017452">p.264.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017453">Codrus medicus. </s> <s id="s.017454">p.490.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017455">Cœlum, & eius natura, proprietates illius <lb></lb>motus. </s> <s id="s.017456">p.27.col.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/370.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017457">De Cœlo. </s> <s id="s.017458">p.411.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017459">Cæleſtium & terreſtrium in producendo <lb></lb>diſcrimen. </s> <s id="s.017460">p.632.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017461">Coitum quænam impediant. </s> <s id="s.017462">p.171.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017463">Colanus vrinator. </s> <s id="s.017464">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017465">Collarium adamantinum quod non poteſt de<lb></lb>trahi niſi ab eo qui impoſuit. </s> <s id="s.017466">pag. </s> <s id="s.017467">649. <lb></lb>col.1 Colliſa ſub aqua ſonum edunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017468">p.113.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017469">Colonia quæ. </s> <s id="s.017470">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017471">Color quadruplex quæſtioniſque diſſolutio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017472">p.386.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017473">Color albus res facit videre minores niger <lb></lb>maiores. </s> <s id="s.017474">p.610.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017475">Color ex Lazulo igni & aquæ, & vetuſtati <lb></lb>haud obnoxius. </s> <s id="s.017476">p.447.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017477">Color flauus igni, viri dis aquæ, cæruleus <lb></lb>aër & cur. </s> <s id="s.017478">p.710.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017479">Colores quibus inſtaurari debeant. </s> <s id="s.017480">pag.626. <lb></lb>col.1 Colores principales quinque vt viridis & cę<lb></lb>ruleus, candidus niueus atque ſplendens, <lb></lb>niger veneratione & grauitate, purpureus <lb></lb>aut flammeus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017481">p.267.c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017482">Colorum propriorum nomina, Albineus, Al<lb></lb>bidus, Gilbus, Giluus, Muiteus coruinus, <lb></lb>Muſtellin. </s> <s id="s.017483">Burrhus, Pinetus, Preſſus, Hya<lb></lb>cinthinus Balauſtinus, Coccinus, Byſſinus, <lb></lb>Glaucus, Cæſius, Hyſginus, Pallidus, in<lb></lb>ſuaſus, Fuſcus, Xerampelinus, ſcutulatus, <lb></lb>Guttatus, Maculoſus, Varius, Molochinus, <lb></lb>Diuiſus, ſpumeus. </s> <s id="s.017484">p.266. & 267.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017485">Colores ſeptem numerantur. </s> <s id="s.017486">p.43.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017487">Colorum imbuendorum media. </s> <s id="s.017488">pag. </s> <s id="s.017489">267. <lb></lb>col.2 Colores eorum quæ deſtillantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017490">pag. </s> <s id="s.017491">200. <lb></lb>col.2 Colorum, odorum, ſaporumque materia ex <lb></lb>qua conſter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017492">p.265.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017493">Colorum compoſitio. </s> <s id="s.017494">p.43.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017495">Colores ſplendidi vnde. </s> <s id="s.017496">p.43.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017497">Colorum ſignificata quænam ſint. </s> <s id="s.017498">pag.43. <lb></lb>col.2 Coloſſus maximus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017499">p.345.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017500">Coloſſi & Rhodij natura. </s> <s id="s.017501">p.345.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017502">Coloſſorum obeliſcorum & pyramidum dif<lb></lb>ferentia. </s> <s id="s.017503">p.345.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017504">Columnæ quinque plaſtici operis in Vorma<lb></lb>cia mirifici. </s> <s id="s.017505">p.611.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017506">Columbæ vt ad Columbarium trahantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017507">p.649.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017508">Comarus. </s> <s id="s.017509">p.58.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017510">Cometis definitio, ex qua materia conſtet <lb></lb>& à quo deſtruatur. </s> <s id="s.017511">p.420.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017512">Cometæ deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.017513">p.275.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017514">Cometæ quid ſignificent. </s> <s id="s.017515">p.2.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017516">Cometæ contingunt facilius & frequentius <lb></lb>iuxta polos & quare. </s> <s id="s.017517">p.2.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017518">Cometæ cauda quomodo fit & quænam ſit <lb></lb>illius cauſa. </s> <s id="s.017519">p.2.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017520">Cometes in die vbi viſi fuerint & quid ſigni<lb></lb>ficent, eorumque natura. </s> <s id="s.017521">p.274.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017522">Cometarum cauſa & modus generationis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017523">p.1.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017524">Cometem non fieri in regione elementorum <lb></lb>euincitur. </s> <s id="s.017525">p.420.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017526">Cometarum hiſtoriæ miræ. </s> <s id="s.017527">p.276.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017528">Cometes mouentur velut ſplendor quiſpiam <lb></lb>in rota rotæ motu. </s> <s id="s.017529">p.2.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017530">Commaſe quid ſit, eius deſcriptio & pro<lb></lb>prietates. </s> <s id="s.017531">pag.86.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017532">Commodi imperatoris in iaculando peritia <lb></lb>mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.017533">p.238.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017534">Communes calamitates. </s> <s id="s.017535">p.174.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017536">Compoſita corpora 11. ſunt generum. </s> <s id="s.017537">p.434. <lb></lb>col.2 Compoſitiones quam plurimæ pulchræ & <lb></lb>notatu digniſſimæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017538">p.215.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017539">Compoſitorum medicamentorum mirabilis <lb></lb>deſtillatio. </s> <s id="s.017540">p.203.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017541">Conchę venereæ quales ſint, & illarum vtili<lb></lb>tates. </s> <s id="s.017542">p.122.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017543">Concharum & chamarum differentia. </s> <s id="s.017544">p.124. <lb></lb>col.2 Conclauia frigida quomodo poſſint fieri fa<lb></lb>cile. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017545">p.265.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017546">Concluſio an Dæmones ſint. </s> <s id="s.017547">p.329.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017548">Conuulſioni à flatu. </s> <s id="s.017549">p.170.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017550">Condita quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.017551">p.170.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017552">Conditiones obſeruandæ in conſeruandis his <lb></lb>quæ ex plantis proueniunt. </s> <s id="s.017553">p.73.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017554">Conditiones bene præſagientis. </s> <s id="s.017555">pag. </s> <s id="s.017556">303. <lb></lb>col.2 Confirmantia calorem innatum <expan abbr="vẽntriculi">ventriculi</expan>. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017557">p.390.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017558">Congo Regnum Æthiopis pauperrimum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017559">p.12.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017560">Conſeruatio earum quæ ex plantis proue<lb></lb>niunt. </s> <s id="s.017561">p.72.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017562">Conoidalium recti & obtaſi angulorum pri<lb></lb>uilegia. </s> <s id="s.017563">p.597.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017564">Coni recti priuilegia tria. </s> <s id="s.017565">p.597.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017566">Coniferarum Arborum ſpecies multiplices <lb></lb>declarantur. </s> <s id="s.017567">p.60.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017568">Conradi Geſnerij, Tigurini medici mentio<lb></lb>nem facit Cardanus. </s> <s id="s.017569">p.261.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017570">Conſtantini Fontani hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.017571">p.660.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017572"><emph type="italics"></emph>Contra verboſos noli contendere verbis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.017573"> Vetus <lb></lb>adagium. </s> <s id="s.017574">p.676.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017575">Concretia à quo. </s> <s id="s.017576">p.562.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017577">Cor quomodo ad reliqua membra ſe habeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017578">p.82.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017579">Cor in piſcibus velut nobis cur non mouea<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.017580">p.115.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017581">Cordis in piſcibus deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.017582">p.114.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017583">Cor Simiæ multum conferre cordi. </s> <s id="s.017584">p.640. <lb></lb>col.2 Cor palpitat quadrifariam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017585">p.171.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017586">Cordis palpitatio quomodo poſſit ſanari. </s> <s id="s.017587">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017588">173.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017589">Corallus eiuſque qualitates. </s> <s id="s.017590">p.51.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017591">Corallus & margaritæ quomodo poſſint fa<lb></lb>cilè diſſolui. </s> <s id="s.017592">p.200.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017593">Cordylus quid ſit quibus ſimilis, vbinam <lb></lb>habitet, eius fructus qui ex eo percipiun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.017594">p.134.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017595">Cerebri Membrana cur ſit tenuiſſima. </s> <s id="s.017596">p.559. <lb></lb>col.2 Corium quomodo cælatas figuras in proplaſ<lb></lb>matibus ad viuum exprimat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017597">p.580.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017598">Corium ceruinum cur ſit calidius aliis. </s> <s id="s.017599">p.255. <lb></lb>col.2 Coria quomodo inaurentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017600">p.265.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017601">Coria quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.017602">p.243.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017603">Cornix alba quando & vbi apparuerit. </s> <s id="s.017604">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017605">279.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017606">Cornicum multitudo in Britannia cur ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017607">p.522.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017608">Cornua bouum mobilia. </s> <s id="s.017609">p.82.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017610">Cornua vt molliantur. </s> <s id="s.017611">p.618.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/371.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017612">Corographicæ deſcriptiones. </s> <s id="s.017613">p.227.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017614">Corographiæ ſex neceſſaria aſſignantur. </s> <s id="s.017615">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017616">227.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017617">Coronarum differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.017618">p.279.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017619">Corpora quæ regularia dici ſolent quomodo <lb></lb>in plano formentur. </s> <s id="s.017620">p.246.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017621">Corporum vnitio quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.017622">pag. </s> <s id="s.017623">360. <lb></lb>col.2 Corpora perſpicua aquea, omnia ſunt à ſicco <lb></lb>concreta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017624">p.119.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017625">Corpora mortuorum cur viuentium corpo<lb></lb>ribus grauiora. </s> <s id="s.017626">p.440.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017627">Corporei ſenſus ſunt tactus & guſtus, diuini <lb></lb>verò & incorporei viſus & auditus, me<lb></lb>dius autem olfactus. </s> <s id="s.017628">p.706.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017629">Corpuſculorum ratio. </s> <s id="s.017630">p.419.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017631">Corpora vt glabra fiant quid agendum ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017632">p.311.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017633">Correctio equorum fit quinque modis. </s> <s id="s.017634">p.100. <lb></lb>col.2 Corruptionis cauſæ multiplices. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017635">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017636">72. <lb></lb>col.1 Cortex mali pumici ferrum mutat in caly<lb></lb>bem facillimè. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017637">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017638">Coruus marinus. </s> <s id="s.017639">p.111.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017640">Corui & Picæ aucupes. </s> <s id="s.017641">p.106.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017642">Corui hyeme cur quandoque pariant. </s> <s id="s.017643">p.32. <lb></lb>col.1 Corui porcis amici. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017644">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017645">Coruorum multitudo maximè ignoti generis <lb></lb>excidium vrbis funditùs euertendæ ſigni<lb></lb>ficat. </s> <s id="s.017646">p.272.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017647">Coturni cyprij. </s> <s id="s.017648">p.105.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017649">Crabrones & eorum mira. </s> <s id="s.017650">p.87.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017651">Craſis quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.017652">p.438.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017653">Creatio corporum. </s> <s id="s.017654">p.593.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017655">Creatio quinque figurarum in cono. </s> <s id="s.017656">p.593. <lb></lb>col.2 Crepitus ventris facillimè pallorem inducit. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017657">p.171.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017658">Crocodilus ſolus linguam habet in ſuperio<lb></lb>re mandibula, ſolus eam mouet, quæ an<lb></lb>nis ſingulis ſexaginta diebus latere dicitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017659">p.134.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017660">Crocodili lingua eſt breuis, lata, hærens & <lb></lb>intus latitat. </s> <s id="s.017661">p.134.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017662">Crocodili hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.017663">p.517.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017664">Cruda ad vitam & vtilitatem corporis ſunt <lb></lb>vtiliora. </s> <s id="s.017665">p.386.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017666">Cruſtacea cur ſint exigua ore. </s> <s id="s.017667">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017668">128. <lb></lb>col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.00000b">Cruſtaceis cur lapides plurimi è viſceribus <lb></lb>oriantur.</s> <s id="s.017669">p.127.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017670">Cruſtacea cur ſint abſque oſſibus. </s> <s id="s.017671">pag. </s> <s id="s.017672">127. <lb></lb>col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.00000c">Cruſtacea in ventriculo cur abſque oſſibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017673">p.127.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017674">Cruſtacea cur ſint cornibus prædita. </s> <s id="s.017675">p.127. <lb></lb>col.2 Cruſtacea cur malè videant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017676">p.127.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017677">Cruſtacea cur oblique incedant. </s> <s id="s.017678">p.127.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017679">Cruſtacea omnibus aluntur. </s> <s id="s.017680">p.127.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017681">Cruſta cur mutetur, oſſa vero non mutentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017682">p.127.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017683">Cruſtaceorum genera plurima & differentiæ <lb></lb>eorum nonnullæ. </s> <s id="s.017684">p.126.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017685">Cryptæ frigidiores quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.017686">pag.391. <lb></lb>col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.00000d">Cubi numeri pulchra compoſitio & exem<lb></lb>plum aliud reſolutoriæ methodi.</s> <s id="s.017687">p.602.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017688">Cubicula quomodo elegantiſſima fieri de<lb></lb>beant. </s> <s id="s.017689">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017690">Cucumeres quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.017691">p.579.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017692">Cucumeris ſex ſpongiæ varia genera & ſpe<lb></lb>cies. </s> <s id="s.017693">p.130.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017694">Cucurbitarum & cucumerum ſenſus. </s> <s id="s.017695">p.62. <lb></lb>col.1 Cucurbitarum magnitudo incredibilis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017696">p.66. <lb></lb>col.2 Cucurbitarum genera. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017697">p.66.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017698"><expan abbr="Cuiq;">Cuique</expan> animali pulſus proprij ſunt. </s> <s id="s.017699">p.545.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017700">Cui vſui muſca ſit. </s> <s id="s.017701">p.550.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017702">Cubicula quæ diu calorem retinent. </s> <s id="s.017703">p.265. <lb></lb>col.1 Culicum occidendarum modus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017704">p.92.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017705">Culicum hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.017706">p.92.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017707">Cultoris Idolorum aduerſus reliquas leges <lb></lb>contentio. </s> <s id="s.017708">p.551.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017709">Cum animal aliquod abundat gignitur aliud <lb></lb>quod eo veſcatur. </s> <s id="s.017710">p.537.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017711">Cupri, bituminis & vitri natura. </s> <s id="s.017712">p.688.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017713">Cura eorum qui venere vti nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.017714">p.558. <lb></lb>col.2 Cura pro pilis reſtituendis & impediendis <lb></lb>iis qui ſunt ſuperſtites ne cadant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017715">p.558. <lb></lb>col.2 Cura prodigioſa Fernandi Corteciæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017716">p.317. <lb></lb>col.1 Cura quadrupedum quomodo ſit habenda. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017717">p.94.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017718">Cuniculi mira audacia. </s> <s id="s.017719">p.92.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017720">Cuniculorum igneorum inuentor fuit Fran<lb></lb>ciſcus Georgius ſenenſis. </s> <s id="s.017721">p.380.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017722">Cuniculorum igneorum vis. </s> <s id="s.017723">p.380.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017724">Cuniculorum varij mores & cauſa. </s> <s id="s.017725">p.78.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017726">Currus quare inuenti. </s> <s id="s.017727">p.251.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017728">Curruum ratio. </s> <s id="s.017729">p.622.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017730">Currus vitreus cum bobus ſub ala muſcæ <lb></lb>contentus. </s> <s id="s.017731">p.209.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017732">Cuſpis teli puluere illita adamantis arma <lb></lb>omnia facile perforat. </s> <s id="s.017733">p.463.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017734">Cur à nitidis tantum lumen poſſit reflecti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017735">p.418.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017736">Cur aliqua ſolida corpora ſint tamen perſ<lb></lb>picua. </s> <s id="s.017737">p.418.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017738">Cur à carnifice nullus martyrum liberatus eſt <lb></lb>p.329.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017739">Cur ægri quidem verè videre mortuos ſe ar<lb></lb>bitrentur & affirment. </s> <s id="s.017740">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017741">Cur ære infixo caro diutius ſeruetur. </s> <s id="s.017742">p.145. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur aër hyeme in rotundam figuram cogitur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017743">p.396.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017744">Cur aliqui videant aut audiant quod non eſt <lb></lb>præſens. </s> <s id="s.017745">p.154.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017746">Cur animalia nobiliora formam habeant pro<lb></lb>priam aliis omnibus abſimilem. </s> <s id="s.017747">p.524.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017748">Cur aqua tantum aſcendat quantum deſcen<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.017749">p.405.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017750">Cur aqua ardens quam plurimum iuuet abſ<lb></lb>que detrimento. </s> <s id="s.017751">p.200.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017752">Cur aqua quandoque ignes excitet. </s> <s id="s.017753">p.376.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017754">Cur amantes quandoque prohibentur ne ve<lb></lb>nere vti poſſint cum amata. </s> <s id="s.017755">p.572.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017756">Cur appendices ad hos habeant & ſub oculis <lb></lb>foramina. </s> <s id="s.017757">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017758">Cur aromata ſolum in calidiſſimis regioni<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.017759">p.482.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017760">Cur aſcendendo homo adeo fat igitur. </s> <s id="s.017761">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017762">635.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/372.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017763">Cur aſtra ſcintillare videantur. </s> <s id="s.017764">pag. </s> <s id="s.017765">412. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur Aues caput paruum habeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017766">pag.544. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur aues omnes ex ouis generentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017767">p.520. <lb></lb>c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017768">Cur aues veſica careant. </s> <s id="s.017769">p.544.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017770">Cur Aurum addito Arſenico abſumatur ab <lb></lb>igne. </s> <s id="s.017771">p.37.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017772">Cur Britannia ſerpentibus careat. </s> <s id="s.017773">pag.522. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur butyrum prohibeat aquam ne ebulli<lb></lb>at. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017774">p.632.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017775">Cur calix floribus. </s> <s id="s.017776">p.483.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017777">Cur carniuora animalia reliquis ſint ſaga<lb></lb>ciora. </s> <s id="s.017778">p.550.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017779">Cur cæruleus color & viridis <emph type="italics"></emph>viſum<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> recreent <lb></lb>p.43.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017780">Cur ceraſtes & aſpides multis anguibus non <lb></lb>cornutis nec vngularibus ſint pernicioſio<lb></lb>res. </s> <s id="s.017781">p.698.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017782">Cur ceruæ fæminæ cornibus careant. </s> <s id="s.017783">p.533. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur cetacea habeant genitale. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017784">p.129.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017785">Cur cometis, Principes moriantur. </s> <s id="s.017786">pagin.2. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur conſpuendo manum, quæ percuſſit per<lb></lb>cuſſus à dolore leuetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017787">p.311.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017788">Cur corpora viuentia calido & humido Con<lb></lb>ſtent. </s> <s id="s.017789">p.629.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017790">Cur cruſta impediat metallorum liquefa<lb></lb>ctionem. </s> <s id="s.017791">p.617.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017792">Cur dentes pueris decidant iterum naſcitu<lb></lb>ri ſecus verò ſenibus. </s> <s id="s.017793">p.562.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017794">Cur Deus non vlciſcitur malos. </s> <s id="s.017795">pag. </s> <s id="s.017796">329. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur de Deo & intellectibus cæleſtibus in <lb></lb>libris de <emph type="italics"></emph>Rerum varietate<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> non pertractet <lb></lb>author. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017797">p.348.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017798">Cur duos habeant Aues Ventriculos. </s> <s id="s.017799">p.545. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur duo homines eadem temperie & eodem <lb></lb>regimine vitæ vtentes diuerſa vitæ ſpa<lb></lb>tia ſortiantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017800">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017801">Cur equis capris & canibus lues non acci<lb></lb>dat. </s> <s id="s.017802">p.174.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017803">Cur ex auibus diuerſarum ſpecierum diffi<lb></lb>culter fiat procreatio. </s> <s id="s.017804">p.100.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017805">Cur exuflando apertis labiis calefaciamus <lb></lb>conſtrictis verò infrigidemus. </s> <s id="s.017806">pag. </s> <s id="s.017807">390. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur fœtus quidam tam quadrupedum, quam <lb></lb>auium cæci fiant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017808">p.97.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017809">Cur flores omnes fermè bene olent. </s> <s id="s.017810">p.482. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur flumina matutino tempore maxime <lb></lb>creſcunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017811">p.406.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017812">Cur fouea frumento condito exhalant ſpiri<lb></lb>tum pernicioſum. </s> <s id="s.017813">p.73.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017814">Cur fulgur cum ignis ſit non ſurſum ſed <lb></lb>deorſum impetu feratur & cur nix ſit <lb></lb>abſque fulgure etiam ſi in nube ſit vapor <lb></lb>incluſus vnde fulgura fiunt. </s> <s id="s.017815">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017816">666. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur Gallus ſimia ſerpens cania culeo parri<lb></lb>cidæ inſerantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017817">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017818">Cur gemmæ boreales plerumque limam ſen<lb></lb>tiant. </s> <s id="s.017819">p.466.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017820">Cur homo ſit creatus. </s> <s id="s.017821">p.549.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017822">Cur homo dicatur multò plus terræ elabora<lb></lb>tæ continere, quæ dum putreſcit aut vri<lb></lb>tur, corpus exhalat, quàm non elaboratæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017823">p.702.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017824">Cur homines olfactu præſtantes ingenioſi <lb></lb>ſunt. </s> <s id="s.017825">p.574.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017826">Cur homo ſit creatus ad imaginem Dei. </s> <s id="s.017827">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017828">549.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017829">Cur homo moriatur Excoriato umbilico <lb></lb>p.569.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017830">Cur homo ſolus pene inter animalia terre<lb></lb>ſtria nocte non videat. </s> <s id="s.017831">p.548.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017832">Cur homines & animalia non eodem modo, <lb></lb>in regionibus habentibus ſitum. </s> <s id="s.017833">p.14.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017834">Cur homines in diuerſis præſtent. </s> <s id="s.017835">pag.160. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur humana periclitentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017836">p.273.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017837">Cur hominum tam varij mores naturáque. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017838">p.147.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017839">Cur homini ob ætatem dentes cadant. </s> <s id="s.017840">p.562. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur ictus ſcorpionum & machinarum & te<lb></lb>lorum in certa diſtantia quam nimis pro<lb></lb>pè ſit validior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017841">p.393.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017842">Cur in anguſtis locis ſemper auram ſenti<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.017843">p.391.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017844">Cur in ictu attractio gladij ad ſcindendum <lb></lb>plurimum conducat. </s> <s id="s.017845">p.622.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017846">Cur ioculatoriæ artis periti nullo in pretio <lb></lb>habeantur. </s> <s id="s.017847">p.636.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017848">Cur in lecto magis caleamus. </s> <s id="s.017849">p.418.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017850">Cur in littore maris plura lapidum genera <lb></lb>quàm vllibi alibi. </s> <s id="s.017851">p.47.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017852">Cur in mari monſtra plurima. </s> <s id="s.017853">p.538.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017854">Cur in mari plura genera animantium quàm <lb></lb>in terra. </s> <s id="s.017855">p.130.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017856">Cur in montibus metallica generentur. </s> <s id="s.017857">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017858">436.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017859">Cur in ſonis omnes homines conueniant <lb></lb>non in odoribus aut ſaporibus. </s> <s id="s.017860">p.572.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017861">Cur inundationes olim contingerent. </s> <s id="s.017862">p.605. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur iris rotundæ ſit figuræ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017863">p.421.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017864">Cur iris videatur ſemicirculi forma dum ſol <lb></lb>eſt in finitore. </s> <s id="s.017865">p.421.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017866">Cur ius ex bouina carne ſuauius quam ex <lb></lb>vitulina. </s> <s id="s.017867">p.632.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017868">Cur lapides potiùs quàm metalla in littore <lb></lb>maris. </s> <s id="s.017869">p.47.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017870">Cur lapidibus in manibus contentis homo <lb></lb>velocius currit & vehementer ſaltat. </s> <s id="s.017871">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017872">79.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017873">Cur leuiſſimæ aquæ tardè putreſcant. </s> <s id="s.017874">p.411. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur libra vacua redit ſponte ad ſitum rectum <lb></lb>vel ſi pondera æqualia fuerint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017875">p.369.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017876">Cur libræ ſunt plerumque exactiores ſtate<lb></lb>ris. </s> <s id="s.017877">p.372.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017878">Cur litora & gurgites à piſcibus colantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017879">p.700.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017880">Cur mane conchilia dura reddat non tamen <lb></lb>algam. </s> <s id="s.017881">p.539.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017882">Cur meridies gemmis boreas metallis abun<lb></lb>dent magis. </s> <s id="s.017883">p.441.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017884">Cur metallica adiecto plumbo liqueſcant, & <lb></lb>ſi per ſe arida ſint. </s> <s id="s.017885">p.446.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017886">Cur metallica multa ſub terra & pauca ani<lb></lb>malia. </s> <s id="s.017887">p.440.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017888">Cur metallica plerumque careant floribus <lb></lb>& fructu. </s> <s id="s.017889">p.44.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017890">Cur montes ex lapidibus conſtent. </s> <s id="s.017891">p.402.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/373.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017892">Cur monſtra in ægypto plura. </s> <s id="s.017893">p.569.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017894">Cur monſtra raro abortiantur. </s> <s id="s.017895">pag. </s> <s id="s.017896">568. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur muſca ſit à Deo creata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017897">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017898">702. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur natura longas caudas talpis non dederit. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017899">p.701.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017900">Cur natura tot modis in vilibus animantibus <lb></lb>luſerit. </s> <s id="s.017901">p.141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017902">Cur naturalia artificioſis plus homines dele<lb></lb>ctent. </s> <s id="s.017903">p.11.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017904">Cur Nerui lyræ æqualiter dum tenduntur & <lb></lb>ſi non tangantur alter ſubſilit reliquo <lb></lb>edente ſonum. </s> <s id="s.017905">p.646.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017906">Cur nilus etiamſi non pluat in ægypto totos <lb></lb>tamen campos inundat. </s> <s id="s.017907">p.668.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017908">Cur non ſeptem odorum, ſonorum & quali<lb></lb>tatum ſenſibilium genera. </s> <s id="s.017909">p.571.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017910">Cur nulla caro calidiſſima vt plantæ. </s> <s id="s.017911">p.550. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur nullum animal immobile præterquam <lb></lb>in aquis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017912">p.439.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017913">Cur numquam iuxta Calechutum peſtis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017914">p.542.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017915">Cur omnes præuideant ſuum diſceſſum. </s> <s id="s.017916">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017917">708.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017918">Cur omnia ſolida motu inflammentur, om<lb></lb>nia verò liquida refrigerentur. </s> <s id="s.017919">pag. </s> <s id="s.017920">682. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur pauca piſcium genera inuicem miſcean<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017921">p.682.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017922">Cur peſtis triennium excedat. </s> <s id="s.017923">p.396.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017924">Cur piſces vix manſueſcant Delphini. </s> <s id="s.017925">p.540. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur Plato non probare conatus eſt Dæmo<lb></lb>nes eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017926">p.318.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017927">Cur plura felium genera, non canum. </s> <s id="s.017928">p.98. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur plures aues nocturnæ quam animalia. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017929">p.536.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017930">Cur pondera verſus medium moueantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017931">p.370.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017932">Cur pruina magis occidat arbores quàm <lb></lb>nix. </s> <s id="s.017933">pag.664.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017934">Cur prodigia ex pluuia vel vento immodi<lb></lb>co mala prænuncient. </s> <s id="s.017935">p.605.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017936">Cur pulſus venarum vehementior currenti<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.017937">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017938">Cur quadrupeda non mutant regiones. </s> <s id="s.017939">p.75. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur quædam animalia vnum, quædam duo, <lb></lb>& quædam plura habeant cornua & de <lb></lb>illorum natura. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017940">p.531.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017941">Cur quædam denſa leuia, & rara grauia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017942">p.440.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017943">Cur quædam in Animalibus non optime fa<lb></lb>cta dicantur. </s> <s id="s.017944">p.83.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017945">Cur quædam quarto anno ſingulo meliora <lb></lb>euadant & de aliis circuitibus. </s> <s id="s.017946">pag. </s> <s id="s.017947">670. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur qui acute vident minus amant & non<lb></lb>nulli vel inuiti ament. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017948">p.572.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017949">Cur qui bene vident procul male odorant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017950">p.570.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017951">Cur quidam in tormentis adeò pertinaces ac <lb></lb>in opinionibus. </s> <s id="s.017952">p.33.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017953">Cur quidam ſola iucunditate viuant. </s> <s id="s.017954">p.154. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur quidam mente valet, opere verò non ita. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017955">p.158.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017956">Cur qui oculo vno male vident ſtrabi offi<lb></lb>ciantur. </s> <s id="s.017957">p.633.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017958">Cur radices plerumque odoratæ. </s> <s id="s.017959">pag.482. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur radij reflexi videantur & calorem valdè <lb></lb>augeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017960">p.417.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017961">Cur remota alba videantur. </s> <s id="s.017962">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017963">155. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur riuuli aquarum obliqui. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017964">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017965">435. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur ſal igne crepitet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017966">p.445.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017967">Cur ſanguine creſcente virtus non augea<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.017968">p.560.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017969">Cur ſemper in imbribus qui cum ventis <lb></lb>fiunt, vapor igneus adeſt. </s> <s id="s.017970">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017971">666. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur ſmaragdus in coitu quandoque franga<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017972">p.462.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017973">Cur ſmaragdus præcipuè reſiſtit venenis. </s> <s id="s.017974">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017975">462.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017976">Cur ſola Baia alterius generis piſcibus miſ<lb></lb>ceatur. </s> <s id="s.017977">p.538.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017978">Cur ſola luna figuram mutet. </s> <s id="s.017979">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017980">415. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur ſol ſit ſolidus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017981">p.680.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017982">Cur ſol non accedat ad polos. </s> <s id="s.017983">pagin. </s> <s id="s.017984">405. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017985">Cur ſolis radij cum in 23. ſerie terram cir<lb></lb>cumeant immobiles videantur. </s> <s id="s.017986">pag.433. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur ſol iuxta Capricorni circulum quieſ<lb></lb>cens non mouet inundationes ſicut dum <lb></lb>quieſcit circa cancri circulum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017987">pag. </s> <s id="s.017988">666. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur ſolæ auiculæ canant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017989">p.111.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017990">Cur ſolus odoratus non delectatur ſenſibili<lb></lb>bus mixtis. </s> <s id="s.017991">p.155.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017992">Cur ſolus ſonus animi affectus moueat. </s> <s id="s.017993">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.017994">572.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017995">Cur ſtellæ multo minùs ſublimes iudicentur <lb></lb>quam ſint. </s> <s id="s.017996">p.413.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017997">Cur ſub aquilone Boreas & Æſter validiſſi<lb></lb>mi. </s> <s id="s.017998">p.25.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.017999">Cur ſub torrida maxima vis ſpærulæ ſeu <lb></lb>Epicycli non dantur. </s> <s id="s.018000">p.28.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018001">Cur ſuccinum paleam trahat. </s> <s id="s.018002">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018003">443. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur tenuis ac diluti coloris gemmæ multæ <lb></lb>magnæ, raræ autem optimi coloris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018004">p.464. <lb></lb>col.1 Cur terra raro bene oleat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018005">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018006">436. <lb></lb>col.2 Cur theſauri reconditi non inueniantur pro<lb></lb>prio loco. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018007">p.343.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018008">Cur trabes inſtrumento triangulo facile ſu<lb></lb>ſtineantur. </s> <s id="s.018009">p.628.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018010">Cur vaccæ cornua habeant, ceruæ verò non <lb></lb>habeant. </s> <s id="s.018011">p.82.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018012">Cur vates ferè ſemper omnia falſa prædicant <lb></lb>p.271.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018013">Cur verueces maiores habeant caudas quàm <lb></lb>ſues. </s> <s id="s.018014">p.698.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018015">Cur vela cum tanto impetu ſinuentur à ven<lb></lb>tis non diſrumpantur. </s> <s id="s.018016">p.623.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018017">Cur vitrum non poteſt manere liquefactum <lb></lb>abſque calore immenſo. </s> <s id="s.018018">p.36.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018019">Cur vix vllus feriatur à plumbeis pilulis quæ <lb></lb>maximo numero in album mittuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018020">p.394.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018021">Cur vnus tantum ſapor iucundus, aliorum <lb></lb>ſenſuum plures differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.018022">p.155.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/374.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018023">Cuzci prouinciæ mirum. </s> <s id="s.018024">p.13.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018025">Cygnus ſuauiorem & magis ſonoram edit an<lb></lb>ſere vocem. </s> <s id="s.018026">p.700.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018027">Cygni volatus, habitatio, à quibus auibus vt <lb></lb>potentior & rapax timeatur, quibus infeſta <lb></lb>ſit & an omnes ſuperet, quas aues ſpernat, <lb></lb>quas in conſortium admittat. </s> <s id="s.018028">pag.700. <lb></lb>col.2 Cylindri priuilegia duo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018029">p.598.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018030">Cyma braſſicæ genus nobile. </s> <s id="s.018031">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018032">264. <lb></lb>col.1 Cyperus, galanga, & cucurma eiuſdem ſpe<lb></lb>ciei. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018033">p.490.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018034">Cyprinus. </s> <s id="s.018035">p.119.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018036">Cyprium æs naturale. </s> <s id="s.018037">p.458.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018038">Cyprius puluis quis? </s> <s id="s.018039">p.266.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018040"><emph type="center"></emph>D.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018041">Dæmones ſaxa iaciendo cur non offen<lb></lb>dant. </s> <s id="s.018042">p.320.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018043">Dæmones cur ab omnibus dicantur & ha<lb></lb>beantur fallaces. </s> <s id="s.018044">p.270.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018045">Dæmonis ſuccubi hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.018046">p.323.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018047">Dæmonum hiſtoria mira. </s> <s id="s.018048">p.324.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018049">Dæmonium aliæ duæ hiſtoriæ. </s> <s id="s.018050">pag. </s> <s id="s.018051">324. <lb></lb>col.1 Dæmones ſi ſint, habitant mediam aëris re<lb></lb>gionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018052">p.328.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018053">Dæmones eſſe rationibus oſtenditur. </s> <s id="s.018054">p.326. <lb></lb>col.1 Dæmones cur fuerant inducti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018055">pag. </s> <s id="s.018056">318. <lb></lb>col.2 Dæmonis incubi mira hiſtoria. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018057">pag. </s> <s id="s.018058">323. <lb></lb>col.2 Dæmonis incubi alia hiſtoria. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018059">pag. </s> <s id="s.018060">323. <lb></lb>col.2 Dæmonis intellectum plus diſtare ab huma<lb></lb>no demonſtratur, quàm humanum à canis <lb></lb>ſenſu. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018061">p.335.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018062">Dæmonis experimentum. </s> <s id="s.018063">p.325.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018064">Dæmoniaci quæ patiantur. </s> <s id="s.018065">p.160.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018066">Dæmones non eſſe quæ probent. </s> <s id="s.018067">pag. </s> <s id="s.018068">660. <lb></lb>col.2 Dæmonis experimentum aliud. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018069">p.325.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018070">Dæmones nihil poſſe demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.018071">pag.32. <lb></lb>col.2 Dæmones eſſe tribus modis creditum eſt. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018072">p.318.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018073">Dæmones & mortui vbi maxime ſentiantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018074">p.660.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018075">Dæmonas exiſtere oſtenditur ab hiſtoria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018076">p.636.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018077">Dæmonum conſuetudine vtentes improbi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018078">p.660.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018079">Dæmonum ſeptem hiſtoria mira. </s> <s id="s.018080">pag. </s> <s id="s.018081">656. <lb></lb>col.1 De natura Dæmonum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018082">p.330.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018083">Dæmones & mortui. </s> <s id="s.018084">p.317.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018085">Damæ. </s> <s id="s.018086">p.532.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018087">Damna cohibiti luctus. </s> <s id="s.018088">p.563.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018089">Damocrates èpodagroſo athleta ſtrenuus fa<lb></lb>ctus. </s> <s id="s.018090">p.151.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018091">Damauti Hiſpani præſtigiatoris hiſtoria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018092">p.635.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018093">De Artificiis ſubtilioribus. </s> <s id="s.018094">p.216.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018095">De aliis ſuccis & melle. </s> <s id="s.018096">p.71.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018097">De artificiis humilioribus. </s> <s id="s.018098">p.241.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018099">De Artificiis communibus. </s> <s id="s.018100">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018101">210. <lb></lb>col.1 De arte Chymica. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018102">p.205.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018103">Decocta ex lignoſa parte fieri debent. </s> <s id="s.018104">p.482. <lb></lb>col.2 De differentia calcis à cinere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018105">pag. </s> <s id="s.018106">384. <lb></lb>col.2 De diuinatione artificioſæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018107">p.285.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018108">De diuinatione occultiore. </s> <s id="s.018109">p.268.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018110">Decem exempla motuum, quæ duobus con<lb></lb>tinentur generibus & quæ. </s> <s id="s.018111">pag. </s> <s id="s.018112">366. <lb></lb>col.1 De elementorum magnitudinis cauſa & ſi<lb></lb>gno. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018113">p.405.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018114">De elementorum numero, & quænam ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018115">p.372.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018116">De elementis & eorum motibus & actioni<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.018117">p.372.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018118">De duello. </s> <s id="s.018119">p.631.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018120">De ferro hiſtoria mira. </s> <s id="s.018121">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018122">De hominis neceſſitate & forma. </s> <s id="s.018123">pag. </s> <s id="s.018124">549. <lb></lb>col.1 Deliciæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018125">p.261.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018126">Delicatior ſcribendi materia eſt proculdubio <lb></lb>phylira. </s> <s id="s.018127">p.255.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018128">Deliciarum mirabilia exempla. </s> <s id="s.018129">pag. </s> <s id="s.018130">265. <lb></lb>col.2 Delphin Ariſtotelis quis ſit non conſtat. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018131">p.700.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018132">Delphini in educandis ſuis fœtibus mira ſa<lb></lb>gacitas. </s> <s id="s.018133">p.121.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018134">Delphini deſcriptio, humanitas illius maxi<lb></lb>me miranda & diſciplina eiuſdem admi<lb></lb>rabilis. </s> <s id="s.018135">p.121.c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018136">Delphines omnes cur Simonis nomine gau<lb></lb>deant. </s> <s id="s.018137">p.114.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018138">Delphini cur maximè inter piſces manſueſ<lb></lb>cant. </s> <s id="s.018139">p.540.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018140">Delphini humani affectus plurimi enume<lb></lb>rantur. </s> <s id="s.018141">p.121.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018142">Delphines & Balenæ branchiis carent. </s> <s id="s.018143">p.115. <lb></lb>col.2 De generali natura Britanniæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018144">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018145">15. <lb></lb>col.1 De libra & illius ratione. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018146">p.368.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018147">De luce & lumine. </s> <s id="s.018148">p.417.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018149">De lunæ macula. </s> <s id="s.018150">p.415.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018151">Demonſtrationis perfectæ quintum genus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018152">p.183.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018153">Demonſtratio oſtendens quod idem nume<lb></lb>ro nunquam in æternum redibit. </s> <s id="s.018154">p.669. <lb></lb>col.1 Demonſtratio, quâ oſtenditur nullum motum <lb></lb>eſſe à vacuo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018155">p.368.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018156">Demonſtratio Mirabilis roboris axis in quo <lb></lb>gemmæ ſculpuntur. </s> <s id="s.018157">p.624.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018158">Demonſtratio oſtendens, quod cochlex ver<lb></lb>ſus graue aſcendit. </s> <s id="s.018159">p.367.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018160">Demonſtratio oſtendens claritatem prima<lb></lb>rum ſubſtantiarum. </s> <s id="s.018161">p.661.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018162">Demonſtratio oſtendens aquam ardentem <lb></lb>nunquam congelari. </s> <s id="s.018163">p.256.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018164">Demonſtratio oſtendens nullum animal im<lb></lb>perfectum animal generare ex ſe. </s> <s id="s.018165">p.521. <lb></lb>c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018166">Demonſtratur eſſe tantum quinque ſenſus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018167">pag.570.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018168">Demonſtratio oſtendens quod omnia ele<lb></lb>menta ſunt frigidiſſima. </s> <s id="s.018169">p.474.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018170">Demonſtratio oſtendens quod æquinoctij <lb></lb>tempore dies eſt maior nocte & ita ſub <lb></lb>æquinoctiali. </s> <s id="s.018171">p.414.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/375.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018172">De Medicina. </s> <s id="s.018173">p.604.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018174">De motu annuli. </s> <s id="s.018175">p.394.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018176">De motu alternante, & inſtrumentum quo <lb></lb>id fiat. </s> <s id="s.018177">p.365.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018178">De motu cordis. </s> <s id="s.018179">p.569.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018180">Dentium caſus qui contigit in centro. </s> <s id="s.018181">Maio<lb></lb>ragio. </s> <s id="s.018182">p.559.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018183">Dentibus dealbandis. </s> <s id="s.018184">p.567.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018185">Dentium dolores quid virtutem habeat le<lb></lb>uandi. </s> <s id="s.018186">p.172.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018187">Dentium ratio. </s> <s id="s.018188">p.559.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018189">Dentium in piſcibus ratio. </s> <s id="s.018190">p.133.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018191">Dentes etiam poſt pueritiam renaſci do<lb></lb>cetur modus. </s> <s id="s.018192">p.165.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018193">Dentium apri mirum. </s> <s id="s.018194">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018195">Denſitas eſt in ſubſtantia, non autem inter <lb></lb>ſubſtantiæ partes. </s> <s id="s.018196">p.702.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018197">Dentibus dealbandis quid inſeruiat non pa<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.018198">p.260.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018199">Dentium dolor qui mirabili modo ſedabatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018200">p.170.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018201">Dentes pro lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.018202">p.119.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018203">Dentes cur neceſſario creſcant. </s> <s id="s.018204">p.684.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018205">De ortu fluminum. </s> <s id="s.018206">p.405.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018207">De perfectis animalibus. </s> <s id="s.018208">p.520. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018209">De pluuia Ranarum lapidum & piſcium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018210">p.605.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018211">De rabie. </s> <s id="s.018212">p.525.c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018213">De rebus dignis. </s> <s id="s.018214">p.336.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018215">De Rebus præter naturam admirandis. </s> <s id="s.018216">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018217">307.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018218">Deſtillatio per quam ſola vis tranſmeat quo<lb></lb>modo fiat. </s> <s id="s.018219">p.203.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018220">Deſtillatio ſubterranea quomodo. </s> <s id="s.018221">pag. </s> <s id="s.018222">204. <lb></lb>col.1 Deſtillatio per paninas quomodo debeat pa<lb></lb>rari & fieri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018223">p.203.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018224">Deſtillatio medici quomodo fiat & eius na<lb></lb>tura explicatur. </s> <s id="s.018225">p.199.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018226">Deſtillandi compoſiti modi. </s> <s id="s.018227">p.197.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018228">De ſubtilitate liber primus. </s> <s id="s.018229">p.357. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018230">De terrarum diſcriminibus. </s> <s id="s.018231">p.435.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018232">De vitulis volantibus Cardani teſtimonium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018233">p.700.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018234">De vnitione mentis cum Deo. </s> <s id="s.018235">p.159.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018236">Deus & cœleſtes Intellectus quomodo co<lb></lb>gnoſcantur. </s> <s id="s.018237">p.348.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018238">Deus quomodo preces exaudiat. </s> <s id="s.018239">p.329.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018240">Deum eſſe cauſam, vt formam, multi faten<lb></lb>tur, mundum verò efficere plurimi ne<lb></lb>gant, & cur. </s> <s id="s.018241">p.679.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018242">Dictio Macedonas non congruit carmini, ſed <lb></lb>nos curauimus ſenſum Græcè conuenit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018243">p.333.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018244">Dies multa detegit, alia occultat. </s> <s id="s.018245">pap.435. <lb></lb>col.2 Differentiæ ignium iuxta materiam diſtillan<lb></lb>dorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018246">p.196.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018247">Differentia plantarum in eadem ſpecie. </s> <s id="s.018248">p.58. <lb></lb>col.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018249">Differentia neceſſarij in immortalibus & in <lb></lb>mortalibus. </s> <s id="s.018250">p.268.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018251">Differentia mixtorum. </s> <s id="s.018252">p.35.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018253">Differentia oraculorum ab his qui fortuito <lb></lb>diuinant. </s> <s id="s.018254">p.268.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018255">Digitorum radices quid ſignificent. </s> <s id="s.018256">pag.287. <lb></lb>col.1 Diluuiorum cauſæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018257">p.404.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018258">Dij Nomine carent. </s> <s id="s.018259">p.671.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018260">Diogenes rectè dicere ſolebat: <emph type="italics"></emph>Qui inter pue-<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>ros ſemper verſatur, à puero parum differt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>p.675.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018261">Diptami genus. </s> <s id="s.018262">p.57.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018263">Diſcrimen inter lacrymam & gummi. </s> <s id="s.018264">p.201. <lb></lb>col.1 Diſpenſatorum fraudulentum quomodo de<lb></lb>prehundere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018265">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018266">Diſputatio contra magiæ quædam abſurda <lb></lb>præcepta. </s> <s id="s.018267">p.646.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018268">Diſputatio quod non ſint niſi duæ primæ <lb></lb>qualitates, <emph type="italics"></emph>Calor<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Humidum,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> pag. </s> <s id="s.018269">3. <lb></lb>col.1 Diſputatio Iudæi cum Mahumetano & Chri<lb></lb>ſtiano. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018270">p.532.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018271">Diſtillationis diffinitio. </s> <s id="s.018272">p.195.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018273">Diſtillationis commoda quatuor, ſubſtantia <lb></lb>quippe fit vel diuturnior vel efficacioris <lb></lb>actionis, vel melioris aut vſus facilioris. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018274">p.195.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018275">Diſtillationis genera quatuor, calor ſcilicet, <lb></lb>humidum, mora & trituratio ſeu expreſſio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018276">p.195.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018277">Diſtillationis ſpecies octo, nimirum atte<lb></lb>nuans, ſeparans, calefaciens, ſiccans, acre, <lb></lb>arrodens, feriens, penetrans. </s> <s id="s.018278">pag. </s> <s id="s.018279">195. <lb></lb>col.2 Diſtillatio mixti generi quomodo fieri ſoleat. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018280">p.199.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018281">Diſtillatoriorum vaſorum materia ex qua <lb></lb>confici debeat. </s> <s id="s.018282">p.195.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018283">Diſtillationis vſus & genera. </s> <s id="s.018284">p.383.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018285">Dines quantò ditior eſt tantò plus opes deſi<lb></lb>derat & ſic tam miſer quam omnium mi<lb></lb>ſerrimus. </s> <s id="s.018286">p.176.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018287">Diuerſæ regiones diuerſos habent mores & <lb></lb>diuerſimodè ſe in fere omnibus Rebus ha<lb></lb>bent. </s> <s id="s.018288">p.700.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018289">Diuerſitatem cometarum minorem eſſe quàm <lb></lb>lunæ non conſtat. </s> <s id="s.018290">p.687.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018291">Diuinatio an ſit, & an in omnibus ſit. </s> <s id="s.018292">p.268. <lb></lb>col.1 Diuinatio in quibus eſt vtilis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018293">p.272.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018294">Diuinatio quadruplex. </s> <s id="s.018295">p.607.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018296">Diuturnitas & nobilitas duo mortalium dona. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018297">p.558.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018298">Docere velle quod ignoramus eſt impoſtutæ <lb></lb>egregiæ & amentiæ certiſſimum argu<lb></lb>mentum. </s> <s id="s.018299">p.710.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018300">Docti Doctis ſcribunt & non imperitis & <lb></lb>nihil vulgare. </s> <s id="s.018301">p.677.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018302">Domus cur antequam Ruant ſtrepitum edant <lb></lb>p.619.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018303">Draco. </s> <s id="s.018304">p.117.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018305">Dracones, genus ſerpentum mirum, vnum <lb></lb>ſe vidiſſe Lugduni Cardanus miræ formæ <lb></lb>quem deſcribit concinnè. </s> <s id="s.018306">p.90.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018307">Dracunculus piſcis non magnus, habet pin<lb></lb>nas aureo & argenteo colore diſtinctas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018308">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018309">Duarum Linearum quę ſemper approximan<lb></lb>tur & nunquam coeunt & demonſtratio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018310">p.595.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018311">Duæ cauſæ maximæ interitus hominum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018312">p.244.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018313">Dubitatio, cur non plura animalium genera <lb></lb>his ſunt, opinio Epicuri circa talem dubi<lb></lb>tationem, rationes talem opinionem refel<lb></lb>lentes, reſolutio talis dubitationis. </s> <s id="s.018314">p.549. <lb></lb>col.1 Dulce cur omnes ſapores vincat præter <pb xlink:href="016/01/376.jpg"></pb>amarum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018315">pag.156.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018316">Dulcis cauſa & actio. </s> <s id="s.018317">p.39.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018318">Duo corpora in eodem loco eſſe non poſſunt, <lb></lb>& quare. </s> <s id="s.018319">p.360.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018320">Duo genera in nobis venam & ſanguinem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018321">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018322">Duo principia rerum naturalium iuxta opi<lb></lb>nionem Empedoclis perpetuò inter ſe cer<lb></lb>tant. </s> <s id="s.018323">p.675.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018324">Duo quæſitorum genera. </s> <s id="s.018325">p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018326">Duæ ſunt ſigillorum naturæ. </s> <s id="s.018327">p.308.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018328">Durum trifariam dicitur. </s> <s id="s.018329">p.346.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018330"><emph type="center"></emph>E.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018331">Ea quæ oleum per ſe non emittunt mul<lb></lb>tis modis parari poſſunt, aut exuſta, <lb></lb>aut calchantum; aut mixta: aut prius de<lb></lb>tractâ aquâ; aut coniunctione aquæ: aut <lb></lb>additione contrarij, aut ſubſtantiæ pin<lb></lb>guis, aut dum teberentina infunduntur in<lb></lb>deque deſtillantur: aut per inſolutionem <lb></lb>aut expreſſionem, aut per additionem eo<lb></lb>rum quæ oleum continent, ſed tres vltimi <lb></lb>modi igne non deſtillantur. </s> <s id="s.018332">pag. </s> <s id="s.018333">200. <lb></lb>col.2 Ebrietati abſinthium amygdalæ & caules <lb></lb>præmanſi multùm inſeruiunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018334">pag. </s> <s id="s.018335">172. <lb></lb>col.1 Ebur quid ſit etiam quot generum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018336">pag. </s> <s id="s.018337">528. <lb></lb>col.2 Ebur ceruino eorum grauius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018338">p.341.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018339">Ebur quomodo ſeruetur. </s> <s id="s.018340">p.528.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018341">Eccentrici orbes non dantur. </s> <s id="s.018342">p.29.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018343">Echini cur quinque oua habent. </s> <s id="s.018344">pag. </s> <s id="s.018345">84. <lb></lb>col.2 Echinus ſeu herinaceus marinus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018346">pag. </s> <s id="s.018347">142. <lb></lb>col.2 Echo quid ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018348">p.653.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018349">Echo perfectæ conditiones. </s> <s id="s.018350">p.653.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018351">Ec<gap></gap>ophias ventus, & cauſæ illius. </s> <s id="s.018352">pag. </s> <s id="s.018353">25. <lb></lb>col.1 Edoardi ſexti Regis Anglorum laus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018354">p.147. <lb></lb>col.1 Edoardum VI. cui hoc opus dedicabat allo<lb></lb>quitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018355">p.65.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018356">Effigies duriſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.018357">p.215.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018358">Effigies & imagines ſolidæ ſunt pulcherrimæ <lb></lb>p.215.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018359">Eleazari mirum. </s> <s id="s.018360">p.311.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018361">Elleborum non habet plura folia. </s> <s id="s.018362">pag. </s> <s id="s.018363">696. <lb></lb>col.1 Electrum à Mercurio producitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018364">pag.309. <lb></lb>col.1 Electrum venena perdit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018365">p.457.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018366">Elementa quot ſint. </s> <s id="s.018367">p.681.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018368">Elementa, & illorum diuiſio, tria tantum <lb></lb>ſunt <emph type="italics"></emph>terra<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſolidiſſima, <emph type="italics"></emph>aër<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> tenuiſſimus, <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>aqua<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> inter hæc media. </s> <s id="s.018369">p.7.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018370">Elementa ſimplicia inueniri nequeunt. </s> <s id="s.018371">p.8. <lb></lb>col.1 Elementa quomodo in miſto duobus modis. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018372">p.440.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018373">Elementa actu ſunt in omnibus miſtis. </s> <s id="s.018374">p.439. <lb></lb>col.1 Elementa quomodo in miſta agant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018375">pag.387. <lb></lb>col.2 Elementorum propria differentia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018376">p.350.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018377">Elementorum magnitudo. </s> <s id="s.018378">p.404.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018379">Elementorum numerus. </s> <s id="s.018380">p.668.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018381">Elementorum Artificia. </s> <s id="s.018382">p.26.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018383">Elephantes funambuli. </s> <s id="s.018384">p.638.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018385">Elephantis forma. </s> <s id="s.018386">p.526.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018387">Elixir compoſitio. </s> <s id="s.018388">p.390.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018389">Elus Arbos, floſque illius tam pretioſus vt <lb></lb>non ſine Regis licentia à nulla decerpi <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.018390">p.56.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018391">Emari Ranconeti præſidis Lutetiani laus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018392">p.207.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018393">Enſes argentei nummos trahentes. </s> <s id="s.018394">pag. </s> <s id="s.018395">46. <lb></lb>col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018396">Enſis haſtatus. p.608.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018397">Eoſas varias faciendi modus. </s> <s id="s.018398">p.615.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018399">Epelanus piſcis marinus magis olet quam <lb></lb>fluuialis & cur; eius fuſa deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.018400">p.135. <lb></lb>col.2 Ephemerides componendi modus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018401">pag.226. <lb></lb>col.1 Ephelidibus quid conuenit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018402">p.260.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018403">Epicuri de ſolis paruitate ſententia. </s> <s id="s.018404">pag.674. <lb></lb>col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018405">Epilogus Librorum de ſubtilitate. pag. </s> <s id="s.018406">671. <lb></lb>col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018407">Epiſtola H. Cardani Principi ſueſſæ ac terræ <lb></lb>Nouæ Don Conſaluo de Corduba. </s> <s id="s.018408">p.353. <lb></lb>col.1 Epiſtola obſignata quomodo ſit aperienda. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018409">p.238.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018410">Epiſtola ſub Epiſtola poteſt abſcondi. </s> <s id="s.018411">p.234. <lb></lb>col.1 Epiſtolæ quomodo concludantur vt aperiri <lb></lb>canculum nequeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018412">p.237.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018413">Equi. </s> <s id="s.018414">p.523.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018415">Equi anheloſi. </s> <s id="s.018416">p.94.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018417">Equus Cæſaris dictatoris. </s> <s id="s.018418">p.546.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018419">Equorum hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.018420">p.96.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018421">Equorum certamina. </s> <s id="s.018422">p.240.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018423">Equi obſtinati quomodo domantur. </s> <s id="s.018424">pag.94. <lb></lb>col.1 Equi boni conditiones nouem animalibus <lb></lb>ſumptæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018425">p.545.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018426">Equi marini. </s> <s id="s.018427">p.533.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018428">Equi quomodo doceantur. </s> <s id="s.018429">p.548.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018430">Equi agreſtes. </s> <s id="s.018431">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018432">Equi parui. </s> <s id="s.018433">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018434">Equi vt habeant parum caput & iubam pul<lb></lb>chram. </s> <s id="s.018435">p.95.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018436">Equi doloribus laborantes quomodo dignoſ<lb></lb>cantur. </s> <s id="s.018437">p.95.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018438">Equorum voces quinque. </s> <s id="s.018439">p.95.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018440">Equi inſulæ Zelandicæ ita dociles ſunt vt do<lb></lb>ceantur circuire ac quærere homines cer<lb></lb>tæ notæ, vt barbatos & gibbos. </s> <s id="s.018441">pag.97. <lb></lb>col.2 Equorum generalis ratio curationis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018442">pag.94. <lb></lb>col.1 Equi hermaphroditi, vidit vnum Antuerpiæ <lb></lb>Cardanus & canem qui intus teſticulos ha<lb></lb>bebat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018443">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018444">Equi Clauo læſi quomodo curentur. </s> <s id="s.018445">pag.94. <lb></lb>col.1 Equorum pedes lupi veſtigia inſertantium <lb></lb>obſtupeſcunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018446">p.638.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018447">Equi optimi ſunt qui ſtellulam in fronte al<lb></lb>bam habent & præter id Zonam quæ nec <lb></lb>os, nec ſupercilia tangat. </s> <s id="s.018448">p.98.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018449">Equi pedibus & fronte albi cur probentur à <lb></lb>ſuis ſeſſoribus. </s> <s id="s.018450">p.98.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018451">Equorum genera motus octo. </s> <s id="s.018452">pag. </s> <s id="s.018453">547. <lb></lb>col.1 Equo oblato quid præcauendum vt tuto <lb></lb>ematur. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/377.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018454">p.526.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018455">Equorum genera motus octo. </s> <s id="s.018456">p.546.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018457">Equus fluuialis. </s> <s id="s.018458">p.535.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018459">Equi lacrymantes vbi, quando, viſi fuerint <lb></lb>& cur. </s> <s id="s.018460">p.280.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018461">Equi quomodo doceantur. </s> <s id="s.018462">p.548.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018463">Equi vt in furorem agantur facile quid fa<lb></lb>ciendum ſit. </s> <s id="s.018464">p.311.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018465">Equorum pituitæ. </s> <s id="s.018466">p.95.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018467">Equi boni conditiones. </s> <s id="s.018468">p.546.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018469">Equus C. </s> <s id="s.018470">Cæſaris dictatoris. </s> <s id="s.018471">p.546.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018472">Equi nigri mirum. </s> <s id="s.018473">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018474">Ergatarum ratio. </s> <s id="s.018475">p.622.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018476">Erica. </s> <s id="s.018477">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018478">Erinaceus. </s> <s id="s.018479">p.522.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018480">Erinacij vires. </s> <s id="s.018481">p.640.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018482">Errantes inuiti non odio habendi ſunt, erran<lb></lb>tes verò volentes ſummo odio habendi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018483">p.697.c.1.& 2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018484">Erraticæ omnes mouentur ſuper polis ecli<lb></lb>pticæ. </s> <s id="s.018485">p.281.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018486">Erraticæ quare non ferantur in epicyclis ſed <lb></lb>integris circulis. </s> <s id="s.018487">p.2.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018488">Erucarum tollendarum facillima & pulchra <lb></lb>methodus. </s> <s id="s.018489">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018490">Erucæ præſtantia. </s> <s id="s.018491">p.262.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018492">Erythace quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.018493">p.86.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018494">Eſca ignis. </s> <s id="s.018495">p.194.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018496">Eſca ex taſſilagine. </s> <s id="s.018497">p.484.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018498">Eſcharoticum celerrimè cutim perforans. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018499">p.243.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018500">E ſingulis plantarum gentibus dum in fimo <lb></lb>equino putreſcunt vermium aliàs ſerpen<lb></lb>tum naſcuntur ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.018501">p.648.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018502">Eremitarum illuſiones vnde. </s> <s id="s.018503">p.651.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018504">Euclidis laus. </s> <s id="s.018505">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018506">Euentus omnes mortales tenuiſſimo filo <lb></lb>pendent diſcriminé que iunguntur. </s> <s id="s.018507">p.630. <lb></lb>col.2 Eupili lacus mirum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018508">p.300.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018509">Euruca marina quid ſit eiuſque natura. </s> <s id="s.018510">p.130. <lb></lb>col.2 Exaltationis vilium præſagia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018511">pag.283. <lb></lb>col.2 Exanguia cur ſint abſque pilis & plumis. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018512">p.85.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018513">Exanguium prima duo genera. </s> <s id="s.018514">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018515">84. <lb></lb>col.1 Exanguia quid pro corde habeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018516">pag.84. <lb></lb>col.1 Excidij vrbium ſigna. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018517">p.284.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018518">Excidij, gentis præſagia. </s> <s id="s.018519">p.284.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018520">Exemplum Dæmonum pulcherrimum. </s> <s id="s.018521">p.331. <lb></lb>col.2 Ex Hyacintho annulus pulcher. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018522">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018523">53. <lb></lb>col.1 Ex nimio feruore ſiccitatéque ſolis occidui <lb></lb>terræ exuruntur, non verò concoquun<lb></lb>tur humores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018524">p.689.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018525">Exoſſis piſcis quare ſic vocatus & quiſnam <lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.018526">p.136.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018527">Experimentum Authoris futura præſciendi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018528">p.269.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018529">Experimenta minima. </s> <s id="s.018530">p.141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018531">Experimenta roboris maxima. </s> <s id="s.018532">pag.554. <lb></lb>col.2 Experimentum metallorum in minima par<lb></lb>te vt ſolet fieri fallax eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018533">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018534">453. <lb></lb>col.2 Explicatio ſententiæ difficillimæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018535">pag.399. <lb></lb>col.2 Extenuationis ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018536">p.523.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018537"><emph type="center"></emph>F.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018538">Fabuloſæ magiæ narrationes. </s> <s id="s.018539">p.512.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018540">Fabæ aerem vitiant. </s> <s id="s.018541">p.648.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018542">Faber piſcis cuius ſit generis, eiuſque natu<lb></lb>ra deſcribitur. </s> <s id="s.018543">p.131.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018544">Faces quomodo à quocunque ligno fiant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018545">p.381.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018546">Faciei humanæ tria maxima miracula. </s> <s id="s.018547">p.559. <lb></lb>col.2 Faciei vitiis tollendis quid plurimum con<lb></lb>ferat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018548">p.258.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018549">Faciem ornantia quænam ſint. </s> <s id="s.018550">pag.259. <lb></lb>col.1 Faciem maculoſam & omnino difformem <lb></lb>quid efficiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018551">p.171.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018552">Facij Cardani operatio de Dæmonibus. </s> <s id="s.018553">p.320. <lb></lb>col.1 Fæcunditatis atque ſterilitatis longe ante <lb></lb>certiſſima ſigna. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018554">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018555">Fæmina, Mas. </s> <s id="s.018556">p.529.c.1.& 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018557">Falcones & accipitres ſylueſtres & lupi, ſo<lb></lb>cij in aucupio & piſcatu. </s> <s id="s.018558">p.106.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018559">Falcones. </s> <s id="s.018560">p.106.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018561">Falconum optimorum forma. </s> <s id="s.018562">p.106.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018563">Falconum differentiæ à tempore capturæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018564">p.106.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018565">Farrago quibus conſtet. </s> <s id="s.018566">p.707.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018567">Farrago quomodo in ordinem redigatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018568">p.626.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018569">Faſcinationis hiſtoria mirabilis & notatu <lb></lb>digniſſima. </s> <s id="s.018570">p.289.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018571">Alia de faſcinatione mirabilis hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.018572">p.290. <lb></lb>col.2 Alia faſcinationis hiſtoria. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018573">p.289.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018574">De Faſcinatione alia hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.018575">p.290.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018576">Fatigationi prohibendæ quid agendum ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018577">p.311.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018578">Febris quartanæ cura ſuperſtitioſa. </s> <s id="s.018579">pag.317. <lb></lb>col.1 Felis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018580">p.536.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018581">Feles nigri feroces. </s> <s id="s.018582">p.98.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018583">Feles abſcondunt excrementa ne prodantur <lb></lb>muribus. </s> <s id="s.018584">p.98.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018585">Felium mira. </s> <s id="s.018586">p.280.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018587">Feles vt domi contineantur, aures ſunt eis <lb></lb>præcidendæ. </s> <s id="s.018588">p.97.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018589">Feles vt odorare videantur. </s> <s id="s.018590">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018591">Felſina vbi. </s> <s id="s.018592">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018593">Feneſtris lapis conueniens. </s> <s id="s.018594">p.213.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018595">Fera animalia quæ cicurent. </s> <s id="s.018596">p.536.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018597">Feras vt arceas. </s> <s id="s.018598">p.96.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018599">Feras vt occidas. </s> <s id="s.018600">p.581.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018601">Ferraræ deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.018602">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018603">Ferrum quomodo cæletur. </s> <s id="s.018604">p.488.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018605">Ferrum quomodo filo diuidatur. </s> <s id="s.018606">p.458.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018607">Ferrum quomodo molleſcat. </s> <s id="s.018608">p.458.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018609">Ferrum in quibus Chalybs præſtet. </s> <s id="s.018610">pag.47. <lb></lb>col.2 Ferrum & Chalybs rubiginem longe faci<lb></lb>lius contrahunt, quàm æs æruginem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018611">p.46. <lb></lb>col.1 Ferrugineus color quid ſit & per quid diffe<lb></lb>rat à colore rubro & à ferro. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018612">p.696.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018613">Fiber. </s> <s id="s.018614">p.535.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018615">Ficus Indica quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.018616">p.266.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/378.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018617">Ficubus deciduis. </s> <s id="s.018618">p.73.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018619">Ficus vt celerrimè matureſcant. </s> <s id="s.018620">p.67.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018621">Fides quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.018622">p.159.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018623">Figura in lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.018624">p.468.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018625">Figuræ quomodo ſine litura deſcribi poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018626">p.247.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018627">Filicis vſus. </s> <s id="s.018628">p.209.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018629">Figuræ factitiæ quomodo vim habeant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018630">p.468.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018631">Figuræ celatæ metallo elegantiùs imprimunt <lb></lb>quàm quæ in ligno ſunt celatæ & cur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018632">p.258.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018633">Figurarum deſcriptio in quibus conueniat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018634">p.194.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018635">Figuræ in lapidibus. </s> <s id="s.018636">p.467.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018637">Filij omnes patrum aliquid aut auitum reti<lb></lb>nent. </s> <s id="s.018638">p.557.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018639">Filiorum multitudo quomodo poſſit dignoſci. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018640">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018641">Filios cur magis ſcortis amamus. </s> <s id="s.018642">pag.671. <lb></lb>col.1 Filios maſculos procurandi modus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018643">pag.556. <lb></lb>col.1 Firmitatis & roboris machinarum quatuor <lb></lb>conditiones. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018644">p.216.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018645">Fiſtulæ ſunt veluti ſcyphi rotundi, vel tubi <lb></lb>intus caui, quales ſunt vinariis vaſis ap<lb></lb>plicari ſoliti ad hauriendum vinum. </s> <s id="s.018646">p.19. <lb></lb>col.2 Flamma cur plerumque aſcendat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018647">pag.375. <lb></lb>col.1 Flamma ignis quid ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018648">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018649">Flamma cur numquam quieſcat. </s> <s id="s.018650">pag.375. <lb></lb>col.1 Flamma magna tribus cauſis difficilè extin<lb></lb>guitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018651">p.376.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018652">Flamma non eadem manet. </s> <s id="s.018653">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018654">Flamma variis coloribus quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.018655">p.193. <lb></lb>col.1 Flamma cur igne alio viuacior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018656">pag.375. <lb></lb>col.2 Flammarum magnarum cauſæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018657">p.375.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018658">Flaminij Romani robur ac dexteritas memo<lb></lb>randa. </s> <s id="s.018659">p.239.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018660">Flores cur virides nec nigri. </s> <s id="s.018661">p.481.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018662">Flores cur neceſſarij. </s> <s id="s.018663">p.483.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018664">Flores quomodo toto anno haberi poſſint & <lb></lb>quomodo folia & flores <expan abbr="pingãtur">pingantur</expan>. </s> <s id="s.018665">p.578.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018666">Florum colores. </s> <s id="s.018667">p.481.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018668">Florum partes. </s> <s id="s.018669">p.482.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018670">Flores quomodo poſſint haberi toto anno. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018671">p.578.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018672">Floribus odoratis cur nulli fructus nobiles <lb></lb>ſuccedant. </s> <s id="s.018673">p.490.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018674">Florentia quæ. </s> <s id="s.018675">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018676">Flumen cur nullum ſit ſalſum. </s> <s id="s.018677">p.406.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018678">Flumina ſiccant maria. </s> <s id="s.018679">p.406.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018680">Flumina ſub terra & ex illa erumpentia aſſi<lb></lb>gnantur. </s> <s id="s.018681">p.408.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018682">Flumina quæ in oceanum influunt, cur ſint <lb></lb>deteriora. </s> <s id="s.018683">p.22.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018684">Flumina cur aquis deſtituantur quandoque <lb></lb>& cur non ſemper. </s> <s id="s.018685">p.22.co.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018686">Flumina cur ſub Torrida Zona maxima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018687">p.17.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018688">Flumina quomodo tuto tranentur & modus <lb></lb>deambulandi ſuper aquas. </s> <s id="s.018689">p.638.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018690">Fulminis ictus admirabilis & quot homi<lb></lb>nes illo vnico perierint. </s> <s id="s.018691">p.276.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018692">Fluuij quinam ſint <expan abbr="omniũ">omnium</expan> maximi. </s> <s id="s.018693">p.406.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018694">Folium pupillæ non exacte rotundæ. </s> <s id="s.018695">p.654. <lb></lb>col.2 Folia quæ vexata mouentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018696">p.539.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018697">Folia arboribus cur decidant. </s> <s id="s.018698">p.489.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018699">Folles cur accendant ignem, & vbi magis <lb></lb>neceſſarij. </s> <s id="s.018700">p.376.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018701">Follium motus quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.018702">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018703">Forlicitas quibus conſtet. </s> <s id="s.018704">p.149.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018705">Formoſiſſimi viri. </s> <s id="s.018706">p.554.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018707">Fons dulcis aquæ in maris ſcopulo. </s> <s id="s.018708">pag.17. <lb></lb>col.2 Fons oleo fundens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018709">p.24.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018710">Fontem vt vbique ſalientis aquæ effodere <lb></lb>poſſis. </s> <s id="s.018711">p.27.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018712">Fontes oleum ſtillantes vbi ſint & qua de <lb></lb>cauſa ſtillent. </s> <s id="s.018713">p.410.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018714">Fontium feruentium cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.018715">p.408.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018716">Fontis mira proprietas. </s> <s id="s.018717">p.397.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018718">Forma Dæmonum familiarium. </s> <s id="s.018719">pag.336. <lb></lb>col.2 Forma mira protophanis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018720">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018721">Formicæ. </s> <s id="s.018722">p.87.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018723">Formicaleon. </s> <s id="s.018724">p.88.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018725">Formicis arcendis. </s> <s id="s.018726">p.641.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018727">Fornacium genera. </s> <s id="s.018728">p.198.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018729">Fortuna cuiuſcunque anni quomodo conie<lb></lb>ctari liceat. </s> <s id="s.018730">p.33.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018731">Fortunatarum inſularum incolæ. </s> <s id="s.018732">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018733">14. <lb></lb>col.1 Fragorum quæ vires. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018734">p.198.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018735">Franciſcus Duardus cæſareus quæſtor. </s> <s id="s.018736">p.458. <lb></lb>col.2 Franciſci Gallorum regis liberalitas egregia <lb></lb>erga Artificem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018737">p.23.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018738">Franciſci Gallorum regis imago apud Cardi<lb></lb>nalem Turnomenſem. </s> <s id="s.018739">p.611.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018740">Frangi, findi, comminui, diuidi quid. </s> <s id="s.018741">p.37. <lb></lb>col.2 Fraxinus, lingua Auis, & diptamus eiuſdem <lb></lb>ſpeciei. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018742">p.481.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018743">Frigiditas quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.018744">p.686.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018745">Frigus nihil eſt actu, ſed ſolummodo caloris <lb></lb>priuatio. </s> <s id="s.018746">p.382.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018747">Frigoris opera. </s> <s id="s.018748">p.350.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018749">Frigoris detrimenta. </s> <s id="s.018750">p.13.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018751">Fructus & radices vt formam quam volueris <lb></lb>aſſequantur. </s> <s id="s.018752">p.647.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018753">Fructus omnes quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.018754">pag.579. <lb></lb>col.2 Fructus quomodo nutriantur in contrariis re<lb></lb>gionibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018755">p.65.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018756">Fructus & flores vt tempore quouis habeas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018757">p.579.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018758">Fructus ſinguli quomodo ſeruantur optime. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018759">p.73.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018760">Fructus maximi ex herbis naſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.018761">p.55. <lb></lb>col.1 Fructus maximi, aquei & frigidi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018762">pag.55. <lb></lb>col.1 Fructus qui maximi ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018763">p.55.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018764">Fructus & olera quomodo probari debeant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018765">p.242.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018766">Frutex quid ſit & quid non ſit eiuſque natu<lb></lb>ra fusè tractata. </s> <s id="s.018767">p.695.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018768">Frumentum quomodo ſeruari debeat. </s> <s id="s.018769">p.73. <lb></lb>col.1 Frumenti ſerax ſolum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018770">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018771">Fucus quo manus dealbentur. </s> <s id="s.018772">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018773">367. <lb></lb>col.1 Fuci aſſignantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018774">p.259.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/379.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018775">Fuci & decoratio. </s> <s id="s.018776">p.258.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018777">Fulgur ſepulchrum tangens cur gloriam de<lb></lb>cernat. </s> <s id="s.018778">p.273.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018779">Fulgura quomodo contingant. </s> <s id="s.018780">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018781">666. <lb></lb>col.1 Fulgurum decreta & quid portendant Domi<lb></lb>no dum decidunt ſuper eius ædificium. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018782">p.274.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018783">Fulgurum ſignificatio. </s> <s id="s.018784">p.275.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018785">Fulgurum mira plurima commemorantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018786">p.273.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018787">Fulmen raro columnas ferit & cur. </s> <s id="s.018788">pag.378. <lb></lb>col.2 Fulmen cur tantam habeat vim & ſubtilita<lb></lb>tem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018789">p.378. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018790">Fulmen quomodo crumena illæſa pecunias <lb></lb>liqueat. </s> <s id="s.018791">p.378.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018792">Fulmine percuſſi, ſi homo circumambulet <lb></lb>vim loquendi recipiunt: attoniti prius, <lb></lb>deinde reſipiſcunt & loquuntur; non ta<lb></lb>men de mortuis aut breui morituris in<lb></lb>telligendum eſt abſurdum enim eſſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018793">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018794">Fumus metallorum præcipuè plumbi cogit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018795">argentum viuum. </s> <s id="s.018796">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018797">Fumus quomodo generetur. </s> <s id="s.018798">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018799">Fumus duplex. </s> <s id="s.018800">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018801">Cauſæ cur cubicula fumo repleantur. </s> <s id="s.018802">p.375. <lb></lb>col.2 Fumi & exhalationis differentia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018803">pag.36. <lb></lb>col.2 Funambulorum ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018804">p.636.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018805">Funda quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.018806">p.214.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018807">Fungi non ardent, quoniam putredo, quæ <lb></lb>via eſt ad ignem ceſſat. </s> <s id="s.018808">p.696.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018809"><emph type="center"></emph>G.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018810">Galenus errauit dicendo quod quæ nu<lb></lb>triunt, vt dulcia nutriunt, ſed debuit <lb></lb>dicere, vt pinguia nutriunt. </s> <s id="s.018811">p.41.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018812">Galenus inutiles diſputationes, contentioſaſ<lb></lb>que calumnias toties ac tam acerbe inſe<lb></lb>ctatur. </s> <s id="s.018813">p.673.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018814">Galeni laus. </s> <s id="s.018815">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018816">Galeſa herba, ſunt qui Geloſiam, alij Gi<lb></lb>gliam vocent caduco morbo prodeſſe vo<lb></lb>lunt. </s> <s id="s.018817">p.55.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018818">Galli multa libertatis tuendæ causâ agunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018819">p.703.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018820">Gallus. </s> <s id="s.018821">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018822">Galli in metu filios in ventre abſcondunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018823">p.130.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018824">Gallus auis cantu mirabilis ſi rarus foret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018825">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018826">Galli euntus cur. </s> <s id="s.018827">p.544.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018828">Gallinæ vt non quieſcant quid debeamus fa<lb></lb>cere. </s> <s id="s.018829">p.311.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018830">Gallinæ Phaſianæ earumque proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018831">p.110.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018832">Gallinæ ne vuas edant. </s> <s id="s.018833">p.74.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018834">Gallinæ quomodo ſine ſtrepitu capi poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018835">p.252.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018836">Gallinæ vt hyeme paruo ſumptu gignant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018837">p.108.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018838">Gaideropada in Propontide & Ægeo mari <lb></lb>naſcuntur eorum forma admirabilis & <lb></lb>proprietates. </s> <s id="s.018839">p.125.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018840">Gandauum ciuitas quæ. </s> <s id="s.018841">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018842">Garatronius. </s> <s id="s.018843">p.52.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018844">Gargophiſum. </s> <s id="s.018845">p.485.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018846">Gargophiſus flos. </s> <s id="s.018847">p.486.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018848">Gelatio ſeu ius concretum quomodo ſit pa<lb></lb>randum. </s> <s id="s.018849">p.264.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018850">Gelu ſigna. </s> <s id="s.018851">p.307.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018852">Gemelli diuerſorum ſexuum cur debiles. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018853">p.154.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018854">Gemmæ quomodo poſſint facere diuibratio<lb></lb>nem. </s> <s id="s.018855">p.462.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018856">Gemmæ ſubtiliſſimè ſculptæ. </s> <s id="s.018857">pag.609.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018858">Gemmæ molles. </s> <s id="s.018859">p.464.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018860">Gemmarum generatio quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.018861">p.51. <lb></lb>col.1 Gemmarum genera. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018862">p.469.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018863">Gemma incerti generis mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.018864">pag.463. <lb></lb>col.1 Gemmarum nulla expers alicuius inſignis <lb></lb>virtutis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018865">p.464.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018866">Gemma quæ ignibus reſiſtunt. </s> <s id="s.018867">p.463.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018868">Gemmas arte confici non poſſe rationibus <lb></lb>euincitur. </s> <s id="s.018869">p.347.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018870">Gemmæ veræ quomodo à falſis dignoſcan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.018871">p.50.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018872">Gemmarum inuentio quomodo. </s> <s id="s.018873">p.460.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018874">Gemmarum vitia. </s> <s id="s.018875">p.460.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018876">Gemmæ nobiliores quibus notis dignoſcan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.018877">p.48.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018878">Gemma, quæ vocetur & quæ vere ſit. </s> <s id="s.018879">p.459. <lb></lb>col.1 Gemmæ adulterinæ qua ratione generaliter <lb></lb>fiant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018880">p.208.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018881">Gemmarum matrices. </s> <s id="s.018882">p.469.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018883">Gemmarum tranſmutatio quibus modis fiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018884">p.205.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018885">Gemma lapidi circumnata illiuſque lapidis <lb></lb>color, & magnitudo. </s> <s id="s.018886">p.53.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018887">Gemmæ quomodo imagines in ſomnis oſten<lb></lb>dant. </s> <s id="s.018888">p.463.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018889">Gemmarum nobilium propriæ laudes. </s> <s id="s.018890">p.462. <lb></lb>col.2 Gemmæ certi generis, quomodo diſtinguan<lb></lb>tur à vulgatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018891">p.49.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018892">Gemma nulla, neque in mari, neque in ani<lb></lb>mali generari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.018893">p.51.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018894">Gemmarum propria ſigna. </s> <s id="s.018895">p.469.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018896">Genera omnia eorum quæ ſub terra latent <lb></lb>quatuor eſſe demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.018897">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018898">434. <lb></lb>col.2 Generalis ratio fugandorum & arcendorum <lb></lb>inſectorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018899">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018900">Generatio non eſt motus, ſed illa varietas eſt <lb></lb>mutatio qualitate. </s> <s id="s.018901">p.704.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018902">Geniſta vtilis ad conficienda lintea. </s> <s id="s.018903">p.443. <lb></lb>col.1 Gentium ritus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018904">p.336.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018905">Genus. </s> <s id="s.018906">p.49.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018907">Geodes Mizenus bene olet. </s> <s id="s.018908">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018909">454. <lb></lb>col.1 Geometria ſcientiarum ſubtiliſſima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018910">pag.598. <lb></lb>col.1 Germanus hauriens vinum immoto gutture. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018911">p.151.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018912">Gerofalchi. </s> <s id="s.018913">p.104.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018914">Giapan inſula. </s> <s id="s.018915">p.13.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018916">Gigantes cur & quales. </s> <s id="s.018917">p.162.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018918">Gigantes, & illuſtris quidam gigas qui tem<lb></lb>pore Claudij Cæſaris viſus eſt: eius magni<lb></lb>tudo. </s> <s id="s.018919">p.553.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018920">Gigantes in Chicora regione, quorum Rex <lb></lb>& ipſe gigas egregius. </s> <s id="s.018921">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/380.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018922">Glabra loca quomodo reddantur. </s> <s id="s.018923">pag.260. <lb></lb>col.2 Glacies Mira. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018924">p.586.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018925">Glaciei durities mira. </s> <s id="s.018926">p.337.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018927">Glaciei & grandinis differentia. </s> <s id="s.018928">pag.665. <lb></lb>col.1 Glacies & nix quomodo æſtate ſeruentur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018929">p.580.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018930">Gladij arma diuidentis conſtructio mirabilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018931">p.401.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018932">Gladij ſcriptorij ex qua materia vt ſint opti<lb></lb>mi fieri debeant. </s> <s id="s.018933">p.257.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018934">Gloria cur expectatur. </s> <s id="s.018935">p.633.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018936">Gloriatur Cardanus eo quòd à magno viro <lb></lb>vincatur. </s> <s id="s.018937">p.676.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018938">Gluten optimum. </s> <s id="s.018939">p.245.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018940">Gluten tenue ex quo & quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.018941">p.254. <lb></lb>col.1 Gnomon quomodo fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018942">p.218.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018943">Gobionibus omnibus cur ſolummodo vna <lb></lb>pinna ſub ventre. </s> <s id="s.018944">p.117.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018945">Græcia mendax. </s> <s id="s.018946">p.345.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018947">Gramen ne regerminet. </s> <s id="s.018948">p.66.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018949">Grammatica & Prima Philoſophia ſed præ<lb></lb>ſertim Dialectica & Rhetorica de omni<lb></lb>bus aliis artibus ſatis benè atque ornatè <lb></lb>dicere poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.018950">p.673.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018951">Grando quomodo generetur. </s> <s id="s.018952">p.664.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018953">Granis omnibus ſeruandis. </s> <s id="s.018954">p.74.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018955">Grauedo quæ totam prouinciam in decem <lb></lb>diebus occupauit. </s> <s id="s.018956">p.25.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018957">Grauida quandonam magis affligatur & do<lb></lb>loribus vexetur. </s> <s id="s.018958">p.171.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018959">Grauis, fœtitudus, Marcidus, & Rancidus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018960">p.40.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018961">Groſſippium variorum colorum, eiuſque na<lb></lb>tura & vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.018962">p.64.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018963">Gruum amor in filios. </s> <s id="s.018964">p.104.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018965">Gryllus ſcarabelaphus. </s> <s id="s.018966">p.88.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018967">Gryphes non eſſe neo fuiſſe clariſſimè de<lb></lb>monſtratur. </s> <s id="s.018968">p.81.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018969">Guadaquinaium animal deſcribitur & pro<lb></lb>prietates eius. </s> <s id="s.018970">p.101.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018971">Guanabanus. </s> <s id="s.018972">p.563.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018973">Guanoræ ſepulchrum. </s> <s id="s.018974">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018975">Guillelmus Zelandinus author ſphæræ cæle<lb></lb>ſtis mirabilis artificiis. </s> <s id="s.018976">p.612.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018977">Guillelmi Caullij laus. </s> <s id="s.018978">p.610.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018979">Guſtarda auis eius deſcriptio & proprietates <lb></lb>& vbi oriatur. </s> <s id="s.018980">p.109.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018981">Guſtus deliciæ ſex conſtant, primùm conſtant <lb></lb>electione ſubſtantiæ, fecundò electione <lb></lb>in vnoquoque genere, tertiò obſonandi <lb></lb>ratione, quarto condimentis, quintò ordi<lb></lb>ne, ſextò denique tempore. </s> <s id="s.018982">p.263.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018983"><emph type="center"></emph>H.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018984">Habitabilis pars qualis portio totius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.018985">p.233.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018986">Habitatio vbi optima. </s> <s id="s.018987">p.663.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018988">Hæmarites Hiſpanus & eius vſus. </s> <s id="s.018989">pag.454. <lb></lb>col.2 Hala qualis & quomodo fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018990">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018991">69. <lb></lb>col.1 Hamulim è circulis excidant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018992">pagin. </s> <s id="s.018993">246. <lb></lb>col.1 Halinitri generatio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018994">p.454.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018995">Halinitri repurgatio. </s> <s id="s.018996">p.400.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018997">Cur halinitrum maiorem ſtrepitum ſulphu<lb></lb>re faciat. </s> <s id="s.018998">pag.400.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.018999">Halinitrum quomodo colligatur. </s> <s id="s.019000">pag.454. <lb></lb>col.1 Harenghi piſces ſuaues. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019001">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019002">Haſtæ longiores cur tranſuerberent magis <lb></lb>breuibus. </s> <s id="s.019003">p.622.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019004">Hauſti temporanei veneni indicia. </s> <s id="s.019005">pag.397. <lb></lb>col.2 Hay Scoti incredibile robur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019006">pagin. </s> <s id="s.019007">163. <lb></lb>col.1 Hebri laus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019008">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019009">Helicæ lineæ quomodo deſcribendæ ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019010">p.249.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019011">Helica linea quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.019012">p.181.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019013">Heliotropium & vires eius. </s> <s id="s.019014">p.465.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019015">Hellebori ſuccus quomodo extrahitur. </s> <s id="s.019016">p.196. <lb></lb>col.1 Helena ſydus quod ſubmerſionem nauium <lb></lb>nunciat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019017">p.377.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019018">Hena herba. </s> <s id="s.019019">p.492.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019020">Herba in aquis ſulphureis naſcentes. </s> <s id="s.019021">p.489. <lb></lb>c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019022">Herbæ gratioſæ quænam ſint. </s> <s id="s.019023">pag.262. <lb></lb>col.1 Herbæ vt ad viuum pingi poſſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019024">pag.585. <lb></lb>col.1 Herbæ & flores omnes quomodo colorem, <lb></lb>odorem atque ſaporem efficaciorem re<lb></lb>tinent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019025">p.297.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019026">Herba quæ non putreſcit, olorum herba ſo<lb></lb>let appellari. </s> <s id="s.019027">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019028">Herba ex qua ſal extrahitur. </s> <s id="s.019029">p.56.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019030">Herba aduerſus venena. </s> <s id="s.019031">p.63.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019032">Herculeus lapis, ſi non depaſcitur ferrum, <lb></lb>ſeruatur affinitate illius. </s> <s id="s.019033">p.693.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019034">Herculis phanum Romanum in quod nec <lb></lb>muſca nec canis ingrediebatur. </s> <s id="s.019035">pag.545. <lb></lb>col.2 Herpenti quid ſint & vbi oriantur, eorum<lb></lb>que proprietates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019036">p.94.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019037">Hiatus Cæli cauſa. </s> <s id="s.019038">p.665.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019039">Hippocrates & aëron medici Athenas à pe<lb></lb>ſte liberarunt. </s> <s id="s.019040">p.443.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019041">Hippurus Piſcis à Branchiis ad caudam ſu<lb></lb>per dorſum pinna quaſi criſta continua <lb></lb>extenditur. </s> <s id="s.019042">p.137.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019043">Hirundines hyeme vbi latent. </s> <s id="s.019044">pagin. </s> <s id="s.019045">634. <lb></lb>col.2 Hirundinum vſus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019046">p.88.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019047">Hirundinum pulli quomodo poſſint albeſ<lb></lb>cere. </s> <s id="s.019048">p.311.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019049">Hirundinum pullis oculi effoſſi redeunt & <lb></lb>quomodo. </s> <s id="s.019050">111.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019051">Hiſpania potius ferax eſt argenti quàm auri <lb></lb>vel gemmarum vel aromatum non ſecus <lb></lb>ac Germania. </s> <s id="s.019052">p.689.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019053">Hiſpania ſeculo illo, quo Romani pauperrimi <lb></lb>erant viſa eſt diues ſuo malo, & Italiæ <lb></lb>comparata aliquid auri gemmarumque <lb></lb>etiam gignit. </s> <s id="s.019054">p.689.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019055">Hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.019056">p.521.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019057">Hiſtoria fuſe tractata & deſcripta de duobus <lb></lb>fratribus mutis. </s> <s id="s.019058">p.169.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019059">Hiſtoria mira ſeptuaginta interpretum. </s> <s id="s.019060">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019061">268.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019062">Hiſtoria mirabilis Eraſmi Rotirodami de <lb></lb>incendio alicuius oppidi facti intra horam à <lb></lb>Dæmone. </s> <s id="s.019063">p.658.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019064">Hiſtoria alia de venefico. </s> <s id="s.019065">Ibidem Nicolai <lb></lb>veneti hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.019066">p.659.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/381.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019067">Hiſtoria Dæmonij Socratis. </s> <s id="s.019068">p.321.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019069">Hiſtoria alia mira ignis proſpera portenden<lb></lb>tis. </s> <s id="s.019070">p.274.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019071">Hiſtoria mira ruſtici damnati artis maleficæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019072">p.291.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019073">Hiſtoria ſeu fabula mira. </s> <s id="s.019074">p.10.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019075">Hiſtoria mira. </s> <s id="s.019076">p.150.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019077">Hiſtoria de tenuitate Cadauerum. </s> <s id="s.019078">pag.558. <lb></lb>col.1 Hiſtoria ridicula quæ ſummo manè ipſi au<lb></lb>thori euenit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019079">p.300.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019080">Hiſtoria mortui. </s> <s id="s.019081">p.323.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019082">Hiſtoria miranda viperæ & picæ pugnan<lb></lb>tium. </s> <s id="s.019083">p.91.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019084">Hiſtoria mira de muliere laborante de cuius <lb></lb>ſalute deſperatum erat & quæ tamen ſa<lb></lb>nata fuit. </s> <s id="s.019085">p.655.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019086">Hiſtoria mortui mira. </s> <s id="s.019087">p.327.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019088">Hiſtoria Meſſenij Ariſtomenis qui apud græ<lb></lb>cos immortalis habitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.019089">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019090">Hiſtorici munus. </s> <s id="s.019091">p.291.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019092">Hobus. </s> <s id="s.019093">p.56.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019094">Holoſtæus piſcis, eius forma & proprieta<lb></lb>tes, cauda illius gallinæ roſtro perſimilis <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.019095">p.122.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019096">Homo humidiſſimum ſimul & frigidiſſimum <lb></lb>habet cerebrum, tum multitudine, tum <lb></lb>quo magis fieri potuit, non tamen com<lb></lb>paratiuè ad reliqua animalia. </s> <s id="s.019097">pag.702. <lb></lb>col.1 Homo quomodo calidiſſimus ac tempera<lb></lb>tiſſimus eſſe potuit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019098">p.550.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019099">Hominem non eſſe animal quid probat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019100">p.550.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019101">Homines edentes humanas carnes & vnde <lb></lb>prouenerit. </s> <s id="s.019102">p.553.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019103">Homini nihil futurorum ſcientia difficilius. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019104">p.607.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019105">Homo cur volare nequeat. </s> <s id="s.019106">p.147.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019107">Homines curſu velociſſimi. </s> <s id="s.019108">p.162.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019109">Homo ſex digitis. </s> <s id="s.019110">p.170.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019111">Homo mortalibus omnibus rebus in tribus <lb></lb>præcellit. </s> <s id="s.019112">p.146.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019113">Hominum à fulmine percuſſorum mirum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019114">p.163.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019115">Humanarum rerum ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="s.019116">pag.175. <lb></lb>col.1 Hominis quintuplex natura, partim vt ele<lb></lb>mentum atque ſic vel inuitus cadit ab al<lb></lb>to; partim vt planta; partim vt animal, eſt <lb></lb>& diuinus, ſeu propria & peculiaris natu<lb></lb>ra miſerrima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019117">p.165.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019118">Humani corporis partium proportio. </s> <s id="s.019119">p.555. <lb></lb>col.1 Homo cur mollis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019120">p.61.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019121">Homo quæ ſolus habet. </s> <s id="s.019122">p.146.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019123">Hominum genera ſex. </s> <s id="s.019124">p.147.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019125">Homines morbos in canes ſecum cubantes <lb></lb>facile transfundunt & inde hominum ſa<lb></lb>nitas. </s> <s id="s.019126">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019127">Hominibus ob gelu artus deciderunt & cur <lb></lb>argentum viuum in vnum coëat ſpontè. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019128">p.448.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019129">Hominis mirabilia. </s> <s id="s.019130">p.160.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019131">Hominis capillos mouentes. </s> <s id="s.019132">p.160.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019133">Humana miſeria fuſe deſcribitur. </s> <s id="s.019134">pag.176. <lb></lb>col.1 Homines inclyti maiores operibus profeſſo<lb></lb>res relinquunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019135">p.569.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019136">Homo intellectu mortem agnoſcit, ſed vi <lb></lb>ſenſus pauet ac timet, belluæ mortua ani<lb></lb>malia præſertim ſui generis agnoſcunt. </s> <s id="s.019137">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019138">708.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019139">Hominum cupiditatis cauſa. </s> <s id="s.019140">p.78.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019141">Homines in regionibus frigidis quales ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019142">p.350.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019143">Humanæ vitæ longitudo mira apud Indos & <lb></lb>cur. </s> <s id="s.019144">p.560.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019145">Hominis probi officium. </s> <s id="s.019146">p.152.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019147">Homines participes diuini conſilij. </s> <s id="s.019148">p.545. <lb></lb>col.1 Homines cibis vnicis vtentes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019149">pagin. </s> <s id="s.019150">151. <lb></lb>col.2 Homines ex morbis meliores facti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019151">pag.151. <lb></lb>col.2 Homines rarò anima & corpore præſtant. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019152">p.151.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019153">Homo cur malorum morum. </s> <s id="s.019154">p.558.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019155">Hominem non eſſe animal. </s> <s id="s.019156">p.550.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019157">Homo viſo lupo obmuteſcit. </s> <s id="s.019158">p.638.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019159">Homines abſque ceruice, & ſunt quadrato <lb></lb>capite, quinam ſint. </s> <s id="s.019160">p.162.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019161">Homines vt mortui videantur quid ſit agen<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.019162">p.303.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019163">Homines cur pondera ſiniſtrâ parte facilius <lb></lb>ferant. </s> <s id="s.019164">p.80.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019165">Homo propter quatuor factus. </s> <s id="s.019166">pag.551. <lb></lb>col.1 Homines auribus mobilibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019167">p.146.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019168">Homines præſtantiſſimi qui ſint. </s> <s id="s.019169">p.160.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019170">Homines cur diu ſine cibo viuere poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019171">p.163.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019172">Homines cur maximos pedes habeant. </s> <s id="s.019173">p.559. <lb></lb>col.1 Homo cur ſalaciſſimus omnium animalium. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019174">p.558.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019175">Homines frigore aſperrimo quomodo pe<lb></lb>reant & cur. </s> <s id="s.019176">p.171.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019177">Homines qui parum viuunt. </s> <s id="s.019178">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019179">Hominis mutatio. </s> <s id="s.019180">p.303.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019181">Homines vt nigri poſſint appetere quid fa<lb></lb>ciendum ſit. </s> <s id="s.019182">p.303.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019183">Homines in Ecſtaſim tranſeuntes & quomo<lb></lb>do hoc fiat. </s> <s id="s.019184">p.161.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019185">Humani corporis partium Ordo in tenuitate. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019186">p.560.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019187">Humanum corpus quid habeat intus admi<lb></lb>rabilius. </s> <s id="s.019188">p.559.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019189">Homo quando ridere & plorare incipiat & <lb></lb>cur. </s> <s id="s.019190">p.165.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019191">Homines quinam numquam ſomnient. </s> <s id="s.019192">p.171 <lb></lb>col.2 Homines qui parum vident. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019193">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019194">Homines qui ſudant cum volunt. </s> <s id="s.019195">pag.151. <lb></lb>col.1 Homines qui ventriculo pro ſacculo vtuntur <lb></lb>roboris mira exempla. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019196">p.151.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019197">Homines hirſuti. </s> <s id="s.019198">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019199">Homo quæ ſolus patiatur. </s> <s id="s.019200">p.146.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019201">Homines viuentes abſque cibo. </s> <s id="s.019202">pag.554. <lb></lb>col.1 Homo in quibus præcellat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019203">p.146.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019204">Honagoni & heptagoni conſimilis proprie<lb></lb>tas. </s> <s id="s.019205">p.597.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019206">Hordeum ſine cortico naſcitur in Capadocia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019207">p.55.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019208">Hora ortus quid faciat. </s> <s id="s.019209">p.151.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019210">Horologia è puluere horarum viginti qua<lb></lb>tuor. </s> <s id="s.019211">p.225.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019212">Horologiorum natura. </s> <s id="s.019213">p.187.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/382.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019214">Horologia abſque fune. </s> <s id="s.019215">p.612.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019216">Horologij mola, & eius figura oſtenditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019217">p.362.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019218">Horologiorum Regulæ quibus facile poſſint <lb></lb>conſtrui. </s> <s id="s.019219">p.187.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019220">Humidum aqueum cum pingui celerius con<lb></lb>ſumitur ab igne, cum per ſe ſola fuerint: <lb></lb>cum verò cum terrea ſubſtantia contra<lb></lb>rium accidit. </s> <s id="s.019221">p.36.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019222">Hydromel tranſit in vinum vetuſtate. </s> <s id="s.019223">p.410. <lb></lb>col.1 Hyacinthus, eiuſque qualitates & in quo <lb></lb>differat ab aliis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019224">p.50.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019225">Hyacinthi præſagium in tempeſtate. </s> <s id="s.019226">p.53. <lb></lb>col.1 Hyacinthi in morbis præſagium maximè mi<lb></lb>randum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019227">p.53.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019228">Hyacinthus quomodo à fulmine hominem <lb></lb>tueri poſſit viri clari fulmine extincti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019229">p.462.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019230">Hyacinthorum genera quatuor, & omnium <lb></lb>proprietates & differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.019231">pagin. </s> <s id="s.019232">52. <lb></lb>col.2 Hyacinthus & vires illius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019233">p.461.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019234">Hyle ſeu materiam primam eſſe clariſſimé <lb></lb>demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.019235">p.358.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019236">Hylli proceritas. </s> <s id="s.019237">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019238">Hynca quoad ſuccum pernicioſiſſimum ve<lb></lb>nenum eſt, ex radice verò eius panis fit <lb></lb>ſaluberrimus. </s> <s id="s.019239">p.563.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019240">Hyperbolis tria priuilegia. </s> <s id="s.019241">p.595.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019242"><emph type="center"></emph>I.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019243">Iacea vel Iacia quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.019244">pagin. </s> <s id="s.019245">694. <lb></lb>col.2 Iacobi ſepulchrum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019246">p.346.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019247">Iaſeminum. </s> <s id="s.019248">p.489.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019249">Iaſpis & eius vires. </s> <s id="s.019250">p.465.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019251">Ictus cur feriat, pondus non. </s> <s id="s.019252">p.622.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019253">Ictus quomodo validiſſimi & vbi. </s> <s id="s.019254">pag.622. <lb></lb>col.2 Ictus vt velociores ſunt eo magis atterunt. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019255">p.661.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019256">Iecur victimæ cum duplici tunica quid ſigni<lb></lb>ficet. </s> <s id="s.019257">p.298.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019258">Ignis quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.019259">p.377.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019260">Ignis cur ſuperprodigioſe excitatus videatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019261">p.194.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019262">Ignaria quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.019263">p.194.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019264">Ignis ab aqua triplici ratione extinguitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019265">p.381.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019266">Ignis è cælo deſcendens cur mala denunciet <lb></lb>& portendat. </s> <s id="s.019267">p.274.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019268">Ignium ambulonum mirabilis natura deſcri<lb></lb>bitur. </s> <s id="s.019269">p.273.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019270">Ignis vires in miſcendo. </s> <s id="s.019271">p.386.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019272">Ignem eſſe accidens cum ſubſtantia media <lb></lb>probatur. </s> <s id="s.019273">p.192.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019274">Ignis quiſnam odoratus. </s> <s id="s.019275">p.264.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019276">Ignes artificioſi qui aquâ extingui non poſ<lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="s.019277">p.376.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019278">Ignis vires & alimenta. </s> <s id="s.019279">p.192.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019280">Ignium hærentium natura deſcribitur & cur <lb></lb>ita dicti. </s> <s id="s.019281">p.273.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019282">Ignis ſcintillæ quid ſignificent. </s> <s id="s.019283">pag.274. <lb></lb>col.2 Ignem hunc non eſſe elementum conuinci<lb></lb>tur argumentis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019284">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019285">Ignes ſonori ſeu crepitantes ex qua materia <lb></lb>conſtent & cur ita dicti. </s> <s id="s.019286">p.273.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019287">Ignis cur aliqua dealbet, aliqua vero facile <lb></lb>denigret. </s> <s id="s.019288">p.387.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019289">Ignis an Æthere ſit tenuior. </s> <s id="s.019290">p.384.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019291">Ignis quomodo vrat. </s> <s id="s.019292">p.375.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019293">Ignis innoxius plantis quiſnam ille ſit. </s> <s id="s.019294">p.376. <lb></lb>col.2 Ignis quid ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019295">p.681.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019296">Ignis cur ſub cineribus ſeruetur. </s> <s id="s.019297">pag.380. <lb></lb>col.2 Ignis qui mollia vel dura reddit metalla. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019298">p.387.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019299">Ignis ratio non minis conſtat ſiccitate quàm <lb></lb>calore. </s> <s id="s.019300">p.381.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019301">Ignem non generare euidenter rationibus <lb></lb>demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.019302">p.386.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019303">Ignis offendens viſum. </s> <s id="s.019304">p.387.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019305">Ignis non verè attenuatur. </s> <s id="s.019306">p.383.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019307">Ignis omni veneno reſiſtit. </s> <s id="s.019308">p.390.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019309">Ignis quomodo attenuetur. </s> <s id="s.019310">p.383.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019311">Ignis & glacies penitùs contraria. </s> <s id="s.019312">pag.377. <lb></lb>col.2 Ignis igne calidior eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019313">p.377.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019314">Ignis cur à ſphærulis cryſtallinis in ſole po<lb></lb>ſitis accendatur. </s> <s id="s.019315">p.417.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019316">Ignis quomodo à lapidibus excuti poſſit & <lb></lb>opinio Alexandri. </s> <s id="s.019317">p.381.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019318">Ignes cur ſurgere & occidere in aëre delati <lb></lb>videantur. </s> <s id="s.019319">p.631.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019320">Ignis cur magis calore lædat, quàm glacies <lb></lb>frigore. </s> <s id="s.019321">p.377.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019322">Ignis quadrifariam corpora afficit. </s> <s id="s.019323">pag.36. <lb></lb>col.2 Ignis cur ex cauis ſpeculis accendatur & <lb></lb>non in alba materia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019324">p.417.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019325">Ignis noſter nullo modo eſt idem ſpecie cum <lb></lb>elementari. </s> <s id="s.019326">p.680.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019327">Ignis lateres vrens. </s> <s id="s.019328">p.378.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019329">Ignis ſex modis validior euadit & quibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019330">p.377.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019331">Ignis quomodo feratur ad pabulum. </s> <s id="s.019332">p.193. <lb></lb>col.2 Ignis extinguendi auxilia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019333">p.194.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019334">Ignis è carbonibus cur odoratiores aquas <lb></lb>faciat. </s> <s id="s.019335">p.198.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019336">Ignem cur magis ſubſtantiam eſſe dicat <lb></lb>Cardanus quam glaciem. </s> <s id="s.019337">p.380.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019338">Illi qui fugam meditantur quid facere de<lb></lb>beant. </s> <s id="s.019339">p.241.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019340">Illuſtrium virorum interitus quæ Dæmonum <lb></lb>prodigia præceſſerunt. </s> <s id="s.019341">p.329.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019342">Impij ex Deo diuinare non poſſunt & cur <lb></lb>p.272.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019343">In æternis idem eſt eſſe ac poſſe. </s> <s id="s.019344">pag.669. <lb></lb>col.2 In aqua ſine terra multa naſcuntur, in terra <lb></lb>verò ſine aqua nihil penitùs, & multò <lb></lb>minùs quàm in igne. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019345">p.684.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019346">In argentum aëris mutatio non vera, quo<lb></lb>modo. </s> <s id="s.019347">p.457.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019348">Inargentandi ratio. </s> <s id="s.019349">p.457.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019350">In atramento ſutorio alumen continetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019351">p.446.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019352">Inaurandi modi. </s> <s id="s.019353">p.454.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019354">In cauis ſpeculis res magis latere videntur <lb></lb>quam ſint plerumque & cur. </s> <s id="s.019355">p.413.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019356">Incendia montium cur & quando fiant. </s> <s id="s.019357">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019358">409.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019359">Incile eſt locus depreſſus ad latus fluminum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019360">p.19.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/383.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019361">In conclauibus quomodo vox intercipiatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019362">p.301.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019363">In conſtructionibus cur æternum æs. </s> <s id="s.019364">p.458. <lb></lb>col.1 In deſtillationibus quænam generaliter ſint <lb></lb>cauenda. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019365">p.202.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019366">Indicia ab actionibus in equis. </s> <s id="s.019367">p.100.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019368">Indicia ab equorum forma. </s> <s id="s.019369">p.100.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019370">Indicia morborum falconum qualia ſint. </s> <s id="s.019371">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019372">107.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019373">Indi Ingenioſiſſimi. </s> <s id="s.019374">p.554.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019375">Indicum lignum cur in medio nigrum. </s> <s id="s.019376">p.59. <lb></lb>col.2 Indi habent capità duriſſima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019377">p.559.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019378">Inerunditi eruditis cur plus ſe ſcire credant <lb></lb>& iactitent. </s> <s id="s.019379">p.158.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019380">Inebriantia. </s> <s id="s.019381">p.171.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019382">Infans in vtero matris plorare quid ſignifi<lb></lb>cat. </s> <s id="s.019383">p.165.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019384">Infantes nuper nati quid agant. </s> <s id="s.019385">pag.173. <lb></lb>col.2 Infans ex cane & muliere natus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019386">pag.282. <lb></lb>col.2 Infantes qui conuulſioni ſint obnoxij & vſ<lb></lb>quequo, & quando conuulſiones illis le<lb></lb>thaliores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019387">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019388">Infelicitatis imminentis maximum ſignum <lb></lb>quid. </s> <s id="s.019389">p.281.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019390">Infans duplici corpore ad genitalia vſque <lb></lb>quid ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.019391">p.282.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019392">Infans natus cum duplici ore quid ſignificet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019393">p.281.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019394">Infantes quomodo naturaliter loqui poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019395">p.654.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019396">Infelicitas triplex. </s> <s id="s.019397">p.152.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019398">Inferorum opiniones tam diuerſæ & tam ab<lb></lb>ſurdæ vnde ſint ortæ. </s> <s id="s.019399">p.175.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019400">Influxus quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.019401">p.669.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019402">In hominibus poſt multa ſecula quandoque <lb></lb>ſimilitudo & veſtigia reuocantur. </s> <s id="s.019403">p.163. <lb></lb>col.2 Imaginatio quibus in cauſis plurimum poſſit <lb></lb>& valeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019404">p.169.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019405">In melle colligendo ac cera compendium. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019406">p.86.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019407">In montibus Sulla & Scars qui inter Norue<lb></lb>giam & Suetiam poſiti ſunt etiam mediâ <lb></lb>æſtate maximum frigus habent. </s> <s id="s.019408">pag.16. <lb></lb>col.2 In omni foſſilium genere eſt aliquid quod <lb></lb>ſplendet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019409">p.445.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019410">In Oui vitello candidum continetur. </s> <s id="s.019411">p.129. <lb></lb>col.1 Interitus & occaſus ſtellarum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019412">p.31.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019413">Ioannis parui oſſa. </s> <s id="s.019414">p.162.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019415">Ioannes Petrus Boſius. </s> <s id="s.019416">p.554.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019417">Ioanna puella. </s> <s id="s.019418">p.163.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019419">Ioannis Manieni laus, & quibus liberalibus <lb></lb>artibus excelluerit. </s> <s id="s.019420">p.341.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019421">Ioculatoriæ artis opera. </s> <s id="s.019422">p.636.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019423">Ioannis Iacobi Caſtillionei domus pulcher<lb></lb>rima. </s> <s id="s.019424">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019425">In omni re, & in omni compoſito tria ſunt <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Materia, forma,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Anima.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> pag.360. <lb></lb>col.1 Iouis flos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019426">p.55.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019427">In Percide æs de cœlo exuſtum cadit quod <lb></lb>tamen non liqueſcit igni expoſitum ſed <lb></lb>potius vritur. </s> <s id="s.019428">p.206.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019429">Inſcribendi modus quæ velis in ouo. </s> <s id="s.019430">p.650. <lb></lb>col.1 Inſecta cur multa efficiant, vt ſericum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019431">p.84. <lb></lb>col.2 Inſecta cur diu abſque cibo viuant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019432">pag.84. <lb></lb>col.2 Inſecta quomodo alantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019433">p.85.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019434">Inſecta cur ſint annuloſa. </s> <s id="s.019435">p.84.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019436">Inſectorum genera & differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.019437">pagin. </s> <s id="s.019438">85. <lb></lb>col.2 Inſipidi cauſa & actio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019439">p.38.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019440">Iſlandici cur mortuos videant. </s> <s id="s.019441">p.752.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019442">In Scotia deſunt arbores: & cur. </s> <s id="s.019443">pag.691. <lb></lb>col.1 Inſomnia omnia vera ſunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019444">p.167.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019445">Inſomnia falſa videntur propter quatuor cau<lb></lb>ſas. </s> <s id="s.019446">p.167.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019447">In ſomno quid ſignificet terror. </s> <s id="s.019448">pag.640. <lb></lb>col.1 Inſolatio cur maximam ſuauitatem afferat. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019449">p.202.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019450">Inſtrumentum quo quiſque ſe ipſum ſurſum <lb></lb>trahit. </s> <s id="s.019451">p.628.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019452">Inſtrumentum mirabile ad facilius farinam <lb></lb>cribrandam. </s> <s id="s.019453">p.395.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019454">Inſtrumentum Muſicum duodecim inſtru<lb></lb>mentorum Muſicorum ſonum referens, & <lb></lb>inſtrumentorum Muſicorum imitatio. </s> <s id="s.019455">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019456">573.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019457">Inſtrumentum dirigens. </s> <s id="s.019458">p.223.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019459">Inſtrumenta & vaſa. </s> <s id="s.019460">p.213.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019461">Inſtrumentum quo trahens trahitur. </s> <s id="s.019462">p.627. <lb></lb>col.2 In quo differant vermes fabarij à vermibus <lb></lb>auellaneis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019463">p.698.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019464">Inſtrumentum Ludicrum. </s> <s id="s.019465">p.587.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019466">Inſtitutus non reprehendendus. </s> <s id="s.019467">pag.710. <lb></lb>col.1 Inſularum genera quatuor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019468">p.15.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019469">Inſula Márgaritarum & illius proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019470">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019471">Inſularum, nouarum ortus inexpectatus quid <lb></lb>ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.019472">p.278.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019473">Inſula natans. </s> <s id="s.019474">p.24.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019475">Intellectus noſter vmbratilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.019476">pag.662. <lb></lb>col.1 Intelligentiarum ordines. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019477">p.662.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019478">Inter arbores fruticæ quænam ſint aliis præ<lb></lb>ſtantiores. </s> <s id="s.019479">p.67.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019480">Iter agentium commoda. </s> <s id="s.019481">p.262.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019482">Itinera per mare congelatum quomodo diri<lb></lb>gantur. </s> <s id="s.019483">p.337.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019484">In Timæo cauſa paruitatis aquæ. </s> <s id="s.019485">pag.404. <lb></lb>col.2 Invndationum cauſæ generales, tres. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019486">p.667. <lb></lb>col.1 Inunctionis mira vis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019487">p.168.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019488">Inundationes quid ſignificent. </s> <s id="s.019489">pag.278.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019490">Iris. </s> <s id="s.019491">p.55.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019492">Iridis colores quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.019493">p.220.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019494">Iridis color diuerſus ſecundum opinionem <lb></lb>Ariſtotelis & Cardani. </s> <s id="s.019495">p.877.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019496">Irrigatâ terrâ vbi iam ſol decidit matutino <lb></lb>demulcente luxuriant plantæ. </s> <s id="s.019497">pag.689. <lb></lb>col.2 Iua Artetica herba, antiqui Chame pitym <lb></lb>vocant, eius vtilitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019498">p.62.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019499">Iudæi cum Mahumetano & chriſtiano Diſ<lb></lb>putatio. </s> <s id="s.019500">p.552.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019501">Iuleb vocatum violaceum cum colore viola<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.019502">p.261.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019503">Iulides piſces pulcherrimi. </s> <s id="s.019504">p.118.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/384.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019505">Iulis cur quadraginta quatuor pedes, homo <lb></lb>duos tantum habeat. </s> <s id="s.019506">p.88.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019507">Iumenta vt appetant cibum. </s> <s id="s.019508">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019509">Iunius in Peru Prouincia inuenitur funibus <lb></lb>robuſtio. </s> <s id="s.019510">p.55.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019511">Iuxta Auſtralem polum ſunt ſydera maxima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019512">p.411.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019513"><emph type="center"></emph>L.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019514">Labyrinthi deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.019515">p.346.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019516">Labrum veneris, in exemplo oſtenditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019517">p.63.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019518">Lacertus eſt piſcis maris rubri capite & ore <lb></lb>lacerto ſimilis, totus viridis eſt quandoque <lb></lb>æquat magnitudinem cubiti. </s> <s id="s.019519">p.130.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019520">Lacerti Conchiliati. </s> <s id="s.019521">p.90.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019522">Lacertorum genus & ſerpentum, cur adeo <lb></lb>in magnitudine variet. </s> <s id="s.019523">p.76.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019524">Lacrymæ & ſuſpiria cur dolorem leniant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019525">p.563.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019526">Lacrymarum cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.019527">p.572.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019528">Lacrymarum purgatio. </s> <s id="s.019529">p.204.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019530">Lac in plantis cur. </s> <s id="s.019531">p.484.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019532">Lac plantarum cur tenax. </s> <s id="s.019533">p.484.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019534">Lactis & ſanguinis natura. </s> <s id="s.019535">p.36.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019536">Lactis pinguedo. </s> <s id="s.019537">p.265.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019538">Lac è mamnis quomodo poſſit extrahi quan<lb></lb>do nimis vrget. </s> <s id="s.019539">p.172.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019540">Lactis vſus ad vitæ longitudinem vtilis & <lb></lb>quomodo ſit bibendum. </s> <s id="s.019541">p.560.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019542">Lactea via ab initio mundi vſque nunc im<lb></lb>mutabilis. </s> <s id="s.019543">p.2.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019544">Lacteæ viæ cauſa. </s> <s id="s.019545">p.417.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019546">Lactatio à capra quid agat. </s> <s id="s.019547">p.154.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019548">Lactatio longa. </s> <s id="s.019549">p.337.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019550">Lacus cuius pars non congelatur. </s> <s id="s.019551">pag.24. <lb></lb>col.1 Lacus ſine ventis intumeſcens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019552">p.24.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019553">Lacus qui nunquam congelatur. </s> <s id="s.019554">pag.24. <lb></lb>col.1 Lacuum cauſæ quinque. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019555">p.668.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019556">Lacus Albus Rutheni vocant <emph type="italics"></emph>Bieloyeſero<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> non <lb></lb>longior aut latior ſexaginta millia paſ<lb></lb>ſuum. </s> <s id="s.019557">p.17.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019558">Laganis auis iuxta inſulam Qebut eius deſ<lb></lb>criptio. </s> <s id="s.019559">p.111.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019560">Lamia eiuſque deſcriptio & natura. </s> <s id="s.019561">pag.119. <lb></lb>col.2 Lamiarum Vnguentum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019562">p.639.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019563">Lana præſtantiſſima quæ. </s> <s id="s.019564">p.262.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019565">Lapis quomodo pugno frangatur item funis <lb></lb>craſſus rumpatur. </s> <s id="s.019566">p.638.c.1.& 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019567">Lapides è cælo cadentes. </s> <s id="s.019568">p.278.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019569">Lapides in renibus non ſunt duri vt extra: <lb></lb>dureſcunt enim dum prodeunt vt oua, ſed <lb></lb>ſi qui duri ſint (qui pauci ſunt) iam facti <lb></lb>pene afferunt mortem, nec ſoluuntur, & ſi <lb></lb>ſoluuntur potius motu quàm medicamen<lb></lb>to afferuntur. </s> <s id="s.019570">p.693.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019571">Lapis cur manum frigefacit. </s> <s id="s.019572">p.682.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019573">Lapis qui inuenitur in capite piſcium cuiuſ<lb></lb>nam ſit figuræ. </s> <s id="s.019574">p.133.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019575">Lapides ſuam habent animam, ſuum calo<lb></lb>rem ſed non ſentitur. </s> <s id="s.019576">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019577">Lapides geſtati futura habent vim faciendi <lb></lb>præcognoſcere. </s> <s id="s.019578">p.270.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019579">Lapides in fodinis creſcunt & multum & <lb></lb>breui ſpatio. </s> <s id="s.019580">p.692.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019581">Lapidem caſus quid ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.019582">p.27.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019583">Lapidum durities qualis. </s> <s id="s.019584">p.48.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019585">Lapidum genera omnia quinque. </s> <s id="s.019586">p.459.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019587">Lapides cur exciſi denuo creſcant lapidibus <lb></lb>cur vires maiores quam animalitas & <lb></lb>plantis. </s> <s id="s.019588">p.461.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019589">Lapides qui Ardent accenſi. </s> <s id="s.019590">p.47.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019591">Lapides tres inſignes ſigillo Salomonis. </s> <s id="s.019592">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019593">467.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019594">Lapidum natura generatio ac differentia. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019595">p.47.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019596">Lapis naturaliter (præſentia in Emæſa) effi<lb></lb>giatur. </s> <s id="s.019597">p.53.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019598">Lapis naturaliter varias rerum imagines re<lb></lb>ferens. </s> <s id="s.019599">p.53.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019600">Lapidibus morbos, ſenium ac mortem adue<lb></lb>nire. </s> <s id="s.019601">p.461.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019602">Lapides rotundi. </s> <s id="s.019603">p.468.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019604">Lapis fulmineus. </s> <s id="s.019605">p.54.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019606">Lapides mirâ formâ. </s> <s id="s.019607">p.54.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019608">Lapis in veſica quomodo dignoſcatur. </s> <s id="s.019609">p.154. <lb></lb>col.2 Lapis aquam marinam, dulcem reddens, eiuſ<lb></lb>que qualitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019610">p.53.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019611">Lapis reſonans. </s> <s id="s.019612">p.53.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019613">Lapis qui ſaliua accenditur. </s> <s id="s.019614">p.647.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019615">Lapides è duobus generibus quemadmodum <lb></lb>& animalia gignantur. </s> <s id="s.019616">p.466.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019617">Lapides veſicæ cur generentur. </s> <s id="s.019618">pag.438. <lb></lb>col.2 Lapides è quibus herbæ prodeunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019619">pag.54. <lb></lb>col.1 Lapis in iecore humano. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019620">p.170.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019621">Lapides ardentes abſque fumo. </s> <s id="s.019622">p.15.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019623">Lapidum miracula. </s> <s id="s.019624">p.52.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019625">Lapides pretioſi quidam gemmis non mul<lb></lb>tum diſſimiles. </s> <s id="s.019626">p.51.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019627">Lapides conchiliati. </s> <s id="s.019628">p.47.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019629">Lapis ignem accendens. </s> <s id="s.019630">p.54.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019631">Lapidum familiaritas. </s> <s id="s.019632">p.48.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019633">Lapones. </s> <s id="s.019634">p.13.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019635">Lappij ad extremos ſeptentriones extendun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.019636">p.14.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019637">Laricis lachrymæ vires. </s> <s id="s.019638">p.487.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019639">Laterum Heptagoni ratio. </s> <s id="s.019640">p.599.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019641">Lateres non liqueſcunt à calore aut frigore, <lb></lb>quia ab vtroque ſunt ſiccati. </s> <s id="s.019642">p.38.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019643">Latrunculorum ludus quomodo typis excudi <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.019644">p.247.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019645">Latrunculorum ludus ſubtiliſſimus. </s> <s id="s.019646">pag.587. <lb></lb>col.1 Lauandi antiquitus ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019647">p.193.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019648">Laurentius Bonin Contrius Aſtrologus. </s> <s id="s.019649">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019650">561.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019651">Lauri folia quare celerrimè ardeant. </s> <s id="s.019652">p.696. <lb></lb>col.1 Lazer ex quo belzor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019653">p.484.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019654">Lecti varij. </s> <s id="s.019655">p.252.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019656">Lecti ex arcis. </s> <s id="s.019657">p.252.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019658">Lemnia terra. </s> <s id="s.019659">p.436.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019660">Lepadum deſcriptio admirabilis, eius natura <lb></lb>& proprietates. </s> <s id="s.019661">p.122.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019662">Lepus marinus cur pulmones erodat. </s> <s id="s.019663">pag.4. <lb></lb>col.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019664">Lepores & mures cur non cicurentur. </s> <s id="s.019665">p.540. <lb></lb>col.2 Lepræ cura. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019666">p.557.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019667">Leproſi cura mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.019668">p.175.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019669">Libella fluuiatilis quænam ſit eius com<lb></lb>moda atque fructus & vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.019670">p.137. <lb></lb>col.1 Liber Ariſtotelis de arcanis. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/385.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019671">p.458.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019672">Libri de ſubſtilitate, ſunt vt principium, & <lb></lb>doctrina generalis ac methodus librorum <lb></lb>de varietate rerum. </s> <s id="s.019673">p.22.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019674">Libri de rerum varietate ſunt praxis librorum <lb></lb>de ſubtilitate. </s> <s id="s.019675">p.376.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019676">Libri in linguam africanam è Latino verſi <lb></lb>qui apud nos deſiderantur. </s> <s id="s.019677">p.564.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019678">Liber de ſenſu & ſenſibili. </s> <s id="s.019679">p.438.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019680">Libri non vulgati quàm plurimi recenſentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019681">p.344.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019682">Librorum de ſubtilitate materies. </s> <s id="s.019683">pag.357. <lb></lb>col.2 Difficultas in libris de ſubtilitate ſcribendis. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019684">p.357.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019685">Lignum an aqua ſit grauius. </s> <s id="s.019686">p.251.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019687">Lignum ſuper vrceos quomodo frangatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019688">p.245.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019689">Ligna cur prona ad ſuperficiem aquæ ma<lb></lb>neant non recta. </s> <s id="s.019690">p.485.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019691">Ligna in lapides & ferrum quomodo vertan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.019692">p.23.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019693">Ligna quædam cur liqueſcant & quomodo <lb></lb>nuncupentur. </s> <s id="s.019694">p.192.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019695">Ligna viridia ad quid. </s> <s id="s.019696">p.265.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019697">Lignorum differentia in plantis. </s> <s id="s.019698">p.59.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019699">Liliorum hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.019700">p.489.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019701">Limæ ratio. </s> <s id="s.019702">p.401.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019703">Lineæ & ſigna in nodis quid ſemper ſignifi<lb></lb>cent. </s> <s id="s.019704">p.286.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019705">Lineas non ex rugis fieri manifeſtiſſimè <lb></lb>oſtenditur. </s> <s id="s.019706">p.287.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019707">Linearum numerum, natura atque ratio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019708">p.285.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019709">Linearum qualitas quid ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.019710">p.286.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019711">Lingua exerta à boue palpitat etiam per <lb></lb>totum diem. </s> <s id="s.019712">p.545.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019713">Lingua germana vt græca feliciter nomina <lb></lb>iungit. </s> <s id="s.019714">p.553.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019715">Linguarum diſcrimina. </s> <s id="s.019716">p.553.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019717">Linum Ægyptium triginta ſexaginta & ſex <lb></lb>filis conſtat. </s> <s id="s.019718">p.65.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019719">Liquidorum pondus quomodo examinandum <lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.019720">p.251.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019721">Liquores quomodo facilius melius atque ex<lb></lb>quiſitius colorentur. </s> <s id="s.019722">p.200.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019723">Literæ deraſæ quomodo reparentur. </s> <s id="s.019724">p.256. <lb></lb>col.1 Literæ in lapidibus quomodo inſcribantur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019725">p.253.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019726">Literę quomodo ſiccentur quinque modis ſic<lb></lb>cantur enim vel perſe, qui eſt omnium <lb></lb>optimus modus, vel igne vel puluere, vel <lb></lb>ſcrobe metallica, vel denique charta. </s> <s id="s.019727">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019728">258.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019729">Literarum ratio. </s> <s id="s.019730">p.250.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019731">Locus <emph type="italics"></emph>eſt vltima corporis ſuperficies, corpus <lb></lb>contentum ambiens.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.567.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019732">Loci longitudo quomodo facilè poſſit haberi <lb></lb>p.229.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019733">Loci quatuor rationibus diſtribuuntur maxi<lb></lb>mè formâ, magnitudine, coloribus & ea <lb></lb>ratione picturæ, quæ vmbras oſtendit, cor<lb></lb>pora & diſtantias oculo repræſentat. </s> <s id="s.019734">p.227 <lb></lb>col.1 Loca in quibus abundat viuum argentum vi<lb></lb>rent & aquis abundant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019735">p.448.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019736">Loci in toto orbe amœnitate maxime inſi<lb></lb>gnes. </s> <s id="s.019737">p.10.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019738">Locorum longitudines ac latitudines tum <lb></lb>diſtantiæ quomodo ex tabulis ſolis ha<lb></lb>beantur. </s> <s id="s.019739">p.232.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019740">Loci latitudo quomodo communiter habea<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.019741">p.229.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019742">Loca quæ ardent, quæ ſint & quâ materiâ <lb></lb>componuntur. </s> <s id="s.019743">p.376.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019744">Loca ſyderum penes octauam ſphæram com<lb></lb>putanda. </s> <s id="s.019745">p.30.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019746">Locutio quomodo occultetur. </s> <s id="s.019747">p.234.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019748">Locutio per ſibilum quomodo fieri poſſit <lb></lb>p.237.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019749">Loligines quid ſit, quid repræſentet & quo<lb></lb>modo à Venetis appelletur. </s> <s id="s.019750">p.131.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019751">Londinum vrbs vbi. </s> <s id="s.019752">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019753">Longitudo quam attingit homo magnus no<lb></lb>ſtra ætate. </s> <s id="s.019754">p.553.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019755">Lora è corio balenarum. </s> <s id="s.019756">p.140.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019757">Loti in Ægypto. </s> <s id="s.019758">p.64.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019759">Louanium vrbs vbi nam. </s> <s id="s.019760">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019761">Lucerna ardens toto anno. </s> <s id="s.019762">p.360.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019763">Lucerna mirabilis, eius conſtructio, & figura <lb></lb>oſtenditur. </s> <s id="s.019764">p.359.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019765">Lucernæ compoſitionis demonſtratio certiſ<lb></lb>ſima. </s> <s id="s.019766">p.192.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019767">Lucius piſcis dulcium aquarum incola oblon<lb></lb>gus oblongóque capite eſt cur ſit ſine den<lb></lb>tibus. </s> <s id="s.019768">p.134.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019769">Lucij piſcis mirum. </s> <s id="s.019770">p.522.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019771">Luctus gentilibus præferendi varietas. </s> <s id="s.019772">p.563. <lb></lb>col.2 Ludicrum primum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019773">p.245.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019774">Ludicrum ſecundum. </s> <s id="s.019775">p.246.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019776">Ludicrum tertium. </s> <s id="s.019777">p.246.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019778">Ludicrum quartum. </s> <s id="s.019779">p.226.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019780">Ludus cur adeo delectet. </s> <s id="s.019781">p.573.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019782">Ludi aduerſus conuiuas quinam ſint. </s> <s id="s.019783">p.252. <lb></lb>col.2 Ludi Antiqui iucundi atque mirabiles noſtri<lb></lb>que gratiores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019784">p.240.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019785">Ludi borealium nationum. </s> <s id="s.019786">p.337.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019787">Luminis tres ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.019788">p.418.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019789">Luna argentum producit. </s> <s id="s.019790">p.309.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019791">Luna quibus dominetur. </s> <s id="s.019792">p.33.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019793">Luna in plenilunio cur maiorem æſtum fa<lb></lb>ciat. </s> <s id="s.019794">p.416.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019795">Luna cur conchilia impleat. </s> <s id="s.019796">p.124.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019797">Lunæ octo ſtatus. </s> <s id="s.019798">p.29.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019799">Lunæ pro Zetho conficiendo, & farina con<lb></lb>ſeruanda obſeruatio. </s> <s id="s.019800">p.434.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019801">Lunæ motus. </s> <s id="s.019802">p.29.c.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019803">Lupi piſces quid ſint eorum natura genera, <lb></lb>emolumenta quæ ex his homines perci<lb></lb>piunt, locus quem incolunt vbinam ferant <lb></lb>lapides & cur & quænam ſint eorum mor<lb></lb>tes præſertim in hyeme. </s> <s id="s.019804">p.132.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019805">Lupi caput in columbario ſuſpenſum arcet <lb></lb>noxia animalia columbis. </s> <s id="s.019806">p.639.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019807">Lupi innoxij nomine Glemores in valle An<lb></lb>guſciæ reperiuntur. </s> <s id="s.019808">p.92.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019809">Lupi inteſtina ſtercus & corium cur dolori<lb></lb>bus proſint. </s> <s id="s.019810">p.639.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019811">Lupi pecori haud infeſti. </s> <s id="s.019812">p.93.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019813">Lutetiæ laus. </s> <s id="s.019814">p.338.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019815">Luthra. </s> <s id="s.019816">p.535.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019817">Lux quod ſit & lumen. </s> <s id="s.019818">p.418.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019819">Lymphaticæ plantæ. </s> <s id="s.019820">p.488.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019821"><emph type="center"></emph>M.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019822">Maca auis in inſula ſancti Iacobi eius <lb></lb>deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.019823">p.110.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/386.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019824">Macer. </s> <s id="s.019825">p.485.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019826">Machina Auguſtana admirabilis, eiuſque vti<lb></lb>litas & imago. </s> <s id="s.019827">p.367.c.1.& 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019828">Machina Cteſiaca oſtenditur eiuſque ſtructu<lb></lb>ra declaratur. </s> <s id="s.019829">p.361.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019830">Machina Heronis, eiuſque vtilitas, & figura <lb></lb>proponitur. </s> <s id="s.019831">p.365.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019832">Machina quæ ſine igne ferit. </s> <s id="s.019833">p.394.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019834">Machinarum ignearum vis. </s> <s id="s.019835">p.378.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019836">Machinæ bellicæ è qua materia fiant. </s> <s id="s.019837">p.379. <lb></lb>col.1 Machinarum Romanarum robur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019838">p.624.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019839">Machinarum bellicarum duo genera. </s> <s id="s.019840">p.379. <lb></lb>col.1 Machinarum vis omnino quadruplici ratio<lb></lb>ne conſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019841">p.216.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019842">Maculæ quomodo detergantur in veſtibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019843">p.625.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019844">Maculis faciei delendis. </s> <s id="s.019845">p.567.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019846">Magia naturalis. </s> <s id="s.019847">p.310.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019848">Magiæ naturalis præcepta. </s> <s id="s.019849">p.311.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019850">Magnes & cadauer talia fuerunt vere miſta, <lb></lb>& licet amittant animam, remanent tamen <lb></lb>miſta non tamen animata. </s> <s id="s.019851">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019852">Magnetis vires quantæ ſint. </s> <s id="s.019853">p.251.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019854">Magnitudo argenti rudis miraque figura il<lb></lb>lius. </s> <s id="s.019855">p.457.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019856">Magnum animal. </s> <s id="s.019857">p.531.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019858">Maguntia vrbs quæ. </s> <s id="s.019859">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019860">Maizum quibus frumento præſtet. </s> <s id="s.019861">pag.59. <lb></lb>col.1 Malacha ciuitas quæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019862">p.338.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019863">Malleoli quomodo conſtruendi. </s> <s id="s.019864">pagin.217. <lb></lb>col.1 Malum ſpinoſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019865">p.484.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019866">Mala bonis quot modis præſtant. </s> <s id="s.019867">pag.671. <lb></lb>col.1 Mala punica quomodo ſeruentur, & vt non <lb></lb>aperiantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019868">p.576.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019869">Malorum Punicorum cura. </s> <s id="s.019870">p.73.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019871">Mali medicæ ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.019872">p.483.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019873">Mammis mulierum coercendis quid inſeruiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019874">p.170.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019875">Manatus. </s> <s id="s.019876">p.759.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019877">Mandibula inferior edendo ſolùm moue<lb></lb>tur ſuperior ſemper quieſcit. </s> <s id="s.019878">pag.530. <lb></lb>col.1 Manicæ metallicæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019879">p.387.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019880">Manna duplex. </s> <s id="s.019881">p.71.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019882">Mannæ electio. </s> <s id="s.019883">p.72.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019884"><foreign lang="grc">Μαντις</foreign> quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.019885">p.141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019886">Manus vt ardeat homine non ſentiente. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019887">p.381.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019888">Manibus & brachiis carens cuncta agebat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019889">p.627.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019890">Manibus pice aut reſinâ fædatis quid inſer<lb></lb>uiat detergendis. </s> <s id="s.019891">p.254.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019892">Manucodiata. </s> <s id="s.019893">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019894">Mare aliquibus in locis cur ſterile. </s> <s id="s.019895">pag.542. <lb></lb>col.1 Mare cur quibuſdam in locis piſcoſiſſimum <lb></lb>in aliis vero maxime ſterile. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019896">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019897">Mare vt lac album. </s> <s id="s.019898">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019899">Mare cur ſit ſalſum. </s> <s id="s.019900">p.407.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019901">Maris diuerſi colores & vnde proueniant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019902">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019903">Maris æſtus cur fiat. </s> <s id="s.019904">p.407.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019905">Maris æſtus quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.019906">p.34.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019907">Maris littora, & gurgites, cur piſcibus abun<lb></lb>dant. </s> <s id="s.019908">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019909">Marina monſtra dicuntur ob ratitatem quia <lb></lb>aliquid monſtrant, licet naturæ non no<lb></lb>ua, & etiam vera monſtra ſunt ob gene<lb></lb>rationis & vitæ tuendæ facilitatem velut <lb></lb>in aluo materno. </s> <s id="s.019910">p.701.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019911">Marguarita inter lapides pretioſos nobiliſſi<lb></lb>ma. </s> <s id="s.019912">p.51.c.<gap></gap></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019913">Margaritarum oſtreorum genus nobiliſſimum <lb></lb>generatio multum nobis miranda. </s> <s id="s.019914">p.125. <lb></lb>c.1.& 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019915">Margaritæ ſub auroram cœlo ſereno & tem<lb></lb>perato in aërem ſe emittunt & roridum <lb></lb>liquorem oſcitatione auidè excipiunt, pro <lb></lb>concepti ſeminis multitudine, partu aut <lb></lb>exili aut grandi futuro. </s> <s id="s.019916">p.226.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019917">Margaritis ſenſus tam acutus eſt vt ſi quis in <lb></lb>littore aſtans vocem emiſerit, aut lapillum <lb></lb>quantumuis minutum in aquam coniece<lb></lb>rit repente ſe ſubtrahentes, ſubſidunt vni<lb></lb>uerſæ. </s> <s id="s.019918">p.126.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019919">Margaritæ ſi capiantur & niſi obſeruentur vt <lb></lb>primùm vnionem ſuum euomunt. </s> <s id="s.019920">p.126. <lb></lb>col.1 Margaritarum proprietates, & vtilitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019921">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019922">129.c.1.& 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019923">Margaritæ adulterinæ ſunt ipſis veris pul<lb></lb>chriores. </s> <s id="s.019924">p.207.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019925">Margaritæ, Coralli & Smaragdi quomodo <lb></lb>diſſoluantur. </s> <s id="s.019926">p.204.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019927">Marmor, butyrum & cera. </s> <s id="s.019928">p.36.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019929">Marmor in mari naſcens. </s> <s id="s.019930">p.48.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019931">Marmoreæ effigies. </s> <s id="s.019932">p.215.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019933">Marrochi poma aurea inuiolabilia. </s> <s id="s.019934">pag.644. <lb></lb>col.2 Mars ferrum & calybem producit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019935">pag.309. <lb></lb>col.1 Materia colorum vt ſtatim habeatur quid <lb></lb>præſtandum ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019936">p.244.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019937">Materia ſigillorum iuxta finis rationem eſſe <lb></lb>debet. </s> <s id="s.019938">p.308.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019939">Materia pro ſtatuis elegans & paratu facilis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019940">p.215.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019941">Materiam primam actu eſſe contenditur. </s> <s id="s.019942">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019943">359.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019944">Materia prima ſibi ſemper quandam formam <lb></lb>retinet. </s> <s id="s.019945">p.359.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019946">Materiam liquefactam augeri eſt omnino <lb></lb>impoſſibile, cum non ipſa augeatur, ſed <lb></lb>alia ipſi ſuperaddatur. </s> <s id="s.019947">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019948">Materia vaſorum & inſtrumentorum quæ<lb></lb>nam eſt præſtantior. </s> <s id="s.019949">p.214.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019950">Mauri quomodo refrigerationem aſſequan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.019951">p.448.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019952">Maxima quæque minimis conſtant initiis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019953">p.631.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019954">Maximi viri cur ſteriles. </s> <s id="s.019955">p.151.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019956">Maximum ſignum vitæ longæuæ. </s> <s id="s.019957">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019958">Meacum vbinam gentium ſit. </s> <s id="s.019959">p.538.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019960">Mechlinia ciuitas quæ. </s> <s id="s.019961">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019962">Media ponderum quomodo haberi poſſit. </s> <s id="s.019963">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019964">371.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019965">Medica herba. </s> <s id="s.019966">p.59.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019967">Medicæ ſubſtilitatis hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.019968">p.629.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019969">Medicata pocula. </s> <s id="s.019970">p.167.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019971">Medicamenta vtiliſſima capris quomodo <lb></lb>fiant. </s> <s id="s.019972">p.103.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019973">Medicus niſi omninò peſſimus vir ſit, omni<lb></lb>bus, præterquam apud alios medicos, apud <lb></lb>quos inuidiâ laborare conſueuit, maximè <lb></lb>eſt acceptus. </s> <s id="s.019974">p.678.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/387.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019975">Chartagine vrbe Peru cum mulieres laua<lb></lb>rent apparuit vir anguſtâ formâ, exente<lb></lb>ratis viſceribus ventréque diſſecto, in<lb></lb>fantes duos in vlnis gerens qui pullis di<lb></lb>xit, Chriſtianæ omnes mulieres interibunt <lb></lb>maiórque pars veſtrum. </s> <s id="s.019976">Riſere illum mu<lb></lb>lieres & cur apparuit & hoc <expan abbr="ſpectrũ">ſpectrum</expan> pau<lb></lb>lò poſt æque inſidens per montium iuga <lb></lb>diſcurrere, & mox ſubſecuta eſt peſtis quæ <lb></lb>mulieres Indas & maximè quæ iam Hiſ<lb></lb>panis & Chriſtiano nomini adhæreſcant <lb></lb>ad vnam ferme perdidit. </s> <s id="s.019977">p.297.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019978">Miraculum decimum quartum. </s> <s id="s.019979">Quidam ma<lb></lb>læ vitæ, cum perſuaſus mutaſſet inſtitutum <lb></lb>& confeſſus de peractis pœnitentiam age<lb></lb>ret, vidit circa mediam noctem magnum <lb></lb>numerum murium, felium animaliumque <lb></lb>nigrorum, exterituſque confugit ad Chri<lb></lb>ſti imaginem confeſtimque illa ſpectra <lb></lb>euanuêre. </s> <s id="s.019980">p.297.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019981">Miraculum decimum quintum. </s> <s id="s.019982">In regno Pa<lb></lb>ranas orientalis Indiæ cum nobilis quidam <lb></lb>Idolorum cultor ædem ſacram quamdam <lb></lb>igne conſumpſiſſet correptus repentè mor<lb></lb>bo extimuit atque pollicitus reſtitutionem <lb></lb>ſacræ ædis eſt; ſed nil profuit. </s> <s id="s.019983">Vide alia mi<lb></lb>racula ſub iſto contenta. </s> <s id="s.019984">p.297.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019985">Miraculum decimum ſextum refertur de <lb></lb>Duarto Pachecho Luſitano. </s> <s id="s.019986">p.297.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019987">Miracula cur magis circa homines eueniant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.019988">p.297.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019989">Miraculum de lapidibus à muliere deciſis ex<lb></lb>traordinarium omnino & vix vnquam au<lb></lb>ditum. </s> <s id="s.019990">p.174.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019991">Mirabile de cancrorum ouis. </s> <s id="s.019992">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019993">Araneus. </s> <s id="s.019994">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019995">Pulex. </s> <s id="s.019996">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019997">Pediculus. </s> <s id="s.019998">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.019999">Aſilus. </s> <s id="s.020000">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020001">Libella. </s> <s id="s.020002">p.128.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020003">Mira de ſomno & vigilia & cur contingant <lb></lb>tam frequenter. </s> <s id="s.020004">p.164.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020005">Mirum plumbi liquefacti experimentum. </s> <s id="s.020006">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020007">457.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020008">Miſta omnia viuere, octo eſt oſtenditur ratio<lb></lb>nibus. </s> <s id="s.020009">p.439.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020010">Miſtura in quo ab augmento, & nutricatione <lb></lb>differat. </s> <s id="s.020011">p.439.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020012">Miſtionis vtilitas. </s> <s id="s.020013">p.629.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020014">Miſtorum quatuor ſunt genera, omnia terrea <lb></lb>vel aquea eo quòd ſint grauia. </s> <s id="s.020015">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020016">Mixtum nullum eſt aquâ liquidius. </s> <s id="s.020017">p.350.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020018">Mixtura multa vtilis. </s> <s id="s.020019">p.215.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020020">Mixtorum proprietates. </s> <s id="s.020021">p.34.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020022">Modus quo res augentur. </s> <s id="s.020023">p.560.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020024">Modus futura præſciendi. </s> <s id="s.020025">p.160.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020026">Modus quo. </s> <s id="s.020027">Imperatores in Deos refere<lb></lb>bantur. </s> <s id="s.020028">p.336.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020029">Modus deſtillandi per lignum. </s> <s id="s.020030">p.200.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020031">Modus caſtrandi aues ſecurus omnino. </s> <s id="s.020032">p.108. <lb></lb>col.1 Modus mures necandi & Lupos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020033">p.447.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020034">Modus inueniendi artificioſa. </s> <s id="s.020035">p.221.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020036">Modi quibus proueniunt. </s> <s id="s.020037">p.481.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020038">Modus metiendi diſtantiam & altitudinem <lb></lb>turris cum ſpeculo. </s> <s id="s.020039">p.571.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020040">Modus occultandi res in ſolidis corporibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020041">p.238.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020042">Modus procreandi homines magnitudine aut <lb></lb>natura mirabiles. </s> <s id="s.020043">p.554.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020044">Modus quo quis magnus euadat. </s> <s id="s.020045">p.569.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020046">Modus quo diuinatio fit. </s> <s id="s.020047">p.271.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020048">Modus contenta conficiendi. </s> <s id="s.020049">p.625.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020050">Modus coquendi cum modico igne. </s> <s id="s.020051">p.378. <lb></lb>col.1 Modus augendi delectationem in muſica & <lb></lb>mira exempla mouendi affectus ſono. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020052">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020053">573.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020054">Modus quo naues demerſæ gurgitibus recu<lb></lb>perantur ratiocination is oſtenditur. </s> <s id="s.020055">p.364. <lb></lb>c.1.& 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020056">Modi generationis plantarum. </s> <s id="s.020057">p.489.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020058">Modus mirabilis omnia ſcribendi per tres li<lb></lb>teras. </s> <s id="s.020059">p.235.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020060">Modus faciendi libram, quæ pondera rerum <lb></lb>maiora quam ſint oſtendat. </s> <s id="s.020061">p.370.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020062">Modus quo quis euehitur ad potentiam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020063">p.150.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020064">Modus excipiendi vires ſingulorum aqua ar<lb></lb>dente. </s> <s id="s.020065">p.196.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020066">Modus procedendi in quæſito an Dæmones <lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="s.020067">p.318.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020068">Modus mirabilis componendi Ephemerides. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020069">p.226.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020070">Modum faciendi lutum armenium artificio<lb></lb>ſum naturali præſtantius. </s> <s id="s.020071">p.436.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020072">Modus dirigendi naues. </s> <s id="s.020073">p.212.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020074">Modus repræſentandi facies hominum ſub <lb></lb>diuerſis coloribus. </s> <s id="s.020075">p.418.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020076">Modi quibus res ex vrbe aliqua obſeſſa ſigni<lb></lb>centur. </s> <s id="s.020077">p.236.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020078">Modus cognoſcendi res precioſas. </s> <s id="s.020079">p.341.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020080">Modus faciendi achatem mirabilem. </s> <s id="s.020081">p.466. <lb></lb>col.1 Modi præſagiendi ex mente qui? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020082">p.304.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020083">Modi plurimi breuiter celeriterque ſcribendi <lb></lb>p.236.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020084">Modus delendi literas. </s> <s id="s.020085">p.238.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020086">Modus elaborandi vitrum. </s> <s id="s.020087">p.209.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020088">Modus machinas igneas faciendi. </s> <s id="s.020089">pag.378. <lb></lb>col.2 Modus quo canes docentur ferre. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020090">p.526.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020091">Modus auferendi ſandaracham. </s> <s id="s.020092">p.257.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020093">Modi quibus ignis generetur. </s> <s id="s.020094">p.381.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020095">Modus cognoſcendi literas omnes quæ in <lb></lb>charta latent. </s> <s id="s.020096">p.237.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020097">Modus omnia ſcribendi occultè pulcherri<lb></lb>mus. </s> <s id="s.020098">p.235.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020099">Modi quibus calore peccatur. </s> <s id="s.020100">p.195.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020101">Modus quo grauia poſt ictum deſcendunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020102">p.394.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020103">Modus habendi <expan abbr="veritatẽ">veritatem</expan> per teſtes. </s> <s id="s.020104">p.322.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020105">Mœræ naturæ, proprietates & vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.020106">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020107">141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020108">Molendina venti. </s> <s id="s.020109">p.26.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020110">Mollis, planta eiuſque natura. </s> <s id="s.020111">p.58.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020112">Monoceros. </s> <s id="s.020113">p.531.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020114">Monoceros & orix fere idem imo idem ſunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020115">p.103.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020116">Mons doloroſus eſt in Calidonia regione ſco<lb></lb>tiæ, in quo noctu voces quaſi hominum <lb></lb>excruciatorum exaudiebantur, quænam <lb></lb>erant expenditur. </s> <s id="s.020117">p.301.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020118">Mons mirabilis. </s> <s id="s.020119">p.14.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020120">Montes altiſſimi nullam ad altitudinem par<lb></lb>tis terræ vim habent. </s> <s id="s.020121">p.684.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020122">Montes totius orbis altiſſimi. </s> <s id="s.020123">p.400.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020124">Montes quomodo oriantur. </s> <s id="s.020125">p.402.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020126">Montes maximi. </s> <s id="s.020127">p.8.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020128"><expan abbr="Mõtium">Montium</expan> ortus quid declarét <expan abbr="futurũ">futurum</expan>. </s> <s id="s.020129">p.279.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/388.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020130">Monteregij tabularum primi mobilis decla<lb></lb>ratio pulcherrima. </s> <s id="s.020131">p.229.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020132">Monteregij circa iridem declaratio. </s> <s id="s.020133">pag.687. <lb></lb>col.2 Secundum <expan abbr="Mõteregij">Monteregij</expan> demonſtrationem qua<lb></lb>tuor corollaria colliguntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020134">Primum eſt, <lb></lb>quòd dum ſol eſt citra æquinoctialem no<lb></lb>bis in ortu & occaſu fiunt vmbræ meri<lb></lb>dianæ. </s> <s id="s.020135">Secundum eſt, quod dum ſol eſt <lb></lb>in tropico Cancri in ortu & occaſu fiunt <lb></lb>vmbræ meridianæ omnibus fermè Euro<lb></lb>pæis. </s> <s id="s.020136">Tertium eſt, quòd licet agnoſcere <lb></lb>æquinoctium certum ex ortu vel occaſu <lb></lb>ſolis abſque inſtrumento, cum parietem <lb></lb>ad Boream rectè ſpectantem primo radio <lb></lb>attigerit. </s> <s id="s.020137">Quartum eſt, quòd valdè ſtul<lb></lb>tum eſt occupatis ad vtiliſſima negotium <lb></lb>facere eoſque impedire. </s> <s id="s.020138">p.688.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020139">Monſtrum mirabile. </s> <s id="s.020140">p.641.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020141">Monſtra varia quæ viſa ſunt. </s> <s id="s.020142">p.567.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020143">Monſtra marina vbinam ſint. </s> <s id="s.020144">p.142.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020145">Monſtra maris in humana forma plurima re<lb></lb>cenſentur. </s> <s id="s.020146">p.143.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020147">Monſtra cur viuant in vtero, nata vero non <lb></lb>viuant. </s> <s id="s.020148">p.568.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020149">Monſtroſus piſcis. </s> <s id="s.020150">p.538.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020151">Monſtroſa forma. </s> <s id="s.020152">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020153">Montes colorati in Quahumetallan. </s> <s id="s.020154">p.17.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020155">Morbi contagioſi. </s> <s id="s.020156">p.562.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020157">Mors. </s> <s id="s.020158">p.539.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020159">Mors repentina ob luctum ſiccum. </s> <s id="s.020160">pag.563. <lb></lb>col.2 Mors publica ob quinque cauſas ſæuiſſima. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020161">p.148.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020162">Mortis mitis ſex genera. </s> <s id="s.020163">p.154.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020164">Moriturorum indicia manifeſta & maximè <lb></lb>efficacia. </s> <s id="s.020165">p.285.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020166">Mortui an viuentes feliciores. </s> <s id="s.020167">p.661.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020168">Mortui iuxta ſepulchra cur videantur. </s> <s id="s.020169">p.328. <lb></lb>col.1 Mortui ac dæmones naturaliter videri poſ<lb></lb>ſunt & quomodo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020170">p.652.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020171">Mortuos videre cum delirio in infirmis cur <lb></lb>mortem ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.020172">p.653.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020173">Mortarium quomodo vrceo eleuari poſſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020174">p.245.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020175">Morientes omnes ſoli. </s> <s id="s.020176">p.661.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020177">Moſchus. </s> <s id="s.020178">p.535.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020179">Moſcouitarum mira. </s> <s id="s.020180">p.162.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020181">Mos erat antiquorum nemini ſua ſomnia me<lb></lb>ticuloſa patefacere. </s> <s id="s.020182">p.166.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020183">Motionum genera tria. </s> <s id="s.020184">p.82.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020185">De motibus. </s> <s id="s.020186">p.177.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020187">Motuum generalis ratio. </s> <s id="s.020188">p.177.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020189">Motus valdè tardi, qui res quaſdam habet <lb></lb>intermedias. </s> <s id="s.020190">p.186.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020191">Motus plures ex vno & contrarij. </s> <s id="s.020192">p.189.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020193">Motus attractionis à raritate non eſt violen<lb></lb>tus. </s> <s id="s.020194">p.368.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020195">Motus continuitas iuuat ad augendum im<lb></lb>petum. </s> <s id="s.020196">p.188.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020197">Motus ſimplices ſeptem. </s> <s id="s.020198">p.391.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020199">Motus violens quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.020200">p.391.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020201">Motuum tranſlatio & quo inſtrumento poſſit <lb></lb>fieri. </s> <s id="s.020202">p.365.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020203">Motus orbium mixti nullo inſtrumento poſ<lb></lb>ſunt demonſtrari. </s> <s id="s.020204">p.183.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020205">Motus circularis, duas habet velocitatis ra<lb></lb>tiones, Rectus verò vnicam tantum habet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020206">p.178.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020207">Motus trepidationis qualis ſit. </s> <s id="s.020208">p.183.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020209">Motus celerrimus ac violentiſſimus quomodo <lb></lb>fiat. </s> <s id="s.020210">p.624.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020211">Motum perpetuum non dari demonſtratur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020212">pag.625.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020213">Motus artificioſus æqualis cæleſti in veloci<lb></lb>tate. </s> <s id="s.020214">p.185.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020215">Motus quomodo calorem & ignem generet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020216">p.381.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020217">Motus non rediens quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.020218">p.219.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020219">Motus inæquales quomodo ex æqualibus <lb></lb>poſſint oriri. </s> <s id="s.020220">p.180.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020221">Mucoſi humoris ratio, & modus detrahendi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020222">p.492.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020223">Mufflo. </s> <s id="s.020224">p.533.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020225">Mulæ cur ſteriles. </s> <s id="s.020226">p.525.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020227">Muli cur longæui. </s> <s id="s.020228">p.557.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020229">Mulieres fortiſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.020230">p.560.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020231">Mulieris cuiuſdam mirum. </s> <s id="s.020232">p.299.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020233">Mulier longæua. </s> <s id="s.020234">p.163.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020235">Mulier quæ non poteſt concipere quomodo <lb></lb>poſſit facile probem ſuſcipere. </s> <s id="s.020236">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020237">Mulier quot poſſit infantes ſimul ſuperſtites <lb></lb>parere. </s> <s id="s.020238">p.154.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020239">Mulieres virtute præſtantes. </s> <s id="s.020240">p.165.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020241">Mumia quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.020242">p.641.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020243">Muræna pinnis caret. </s> <s id="s.020244">p.116.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020245">Murus miræ ſoliditatis olim Byſantij inter <lb></lb>artificia memoratu digniſſima recenſentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020246">p.216.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020247">Mus & muſcæ napelli feræ. </s> <s id="s.020248">p.398.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020249">Mus candelam tenens in conuiuo teſte Al<lb></lb>berto. </s> <s id="s.020250">p.97.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020251">Muſcæ vt non obſint. </s> <s id="s.020252">p.91.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020253">Murium hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.020254">p.541.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020255">Muſcæ an reſpirent. </s> <s id="s.020256">p.114.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020257">Mures ruſticos vt occidas. </s> <s id="s.020258">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020259">Mures qui viuant ſub niue. </s> <s id="s.020260">p.94.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020261">Murium copia maxima. </s> <s id="s.020262">p.280.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020263">Murices clauis præditi ſunt circa teſtam, eo<lb></lb>rum ſpecies multiplices, eorumque deſcri<lb></lb>ptio. </s> <s id="s.020264">p.123.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020265">Murium Alpinorum quos refert Matthiolus <lb></lb>mira proprietas. </s> <s id="s.020266">p.103.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020267">Mures vbi non ſunt. </s> <s id="s.020268">p.93.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020269">Murorum tabernæ ciuitatis pulchritudo. </s> <s id="s.020270">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020271">619.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020272">Murium hiſtoria, ipſorum fœcunditas incre<lb></lb>dibilis, fæminæ enim in perſide <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> in vte<lb></lb>ro materno fœtus <expan abbr="geſtãt">geſtant</expan> & ratio. </s> <s id="s.020273">p.541.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020274">Muri è terra qui egrediuntur. </s> <s id="s.020275">p.403.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020276">Muri quot lateres contineant. </s> <s id="s.020277">p.618.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020278">Muſcus. </s> <s id="s.020279">p.487.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020280">Muſculus piſciculus, illius deſcriptio & dif<lb></lb>ferent ab aliis. </s> <s id="s.020281">p.129.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020282">Muſculorum doloribus leuandis quid impri<lb></lb>mis aptum idoneumque eſſe exiſtimetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020283">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020284">Muſculi circa ſaxa & ligna pilis ac veluti la<lb></lb>na alligantur. </s> <s id="s.020285">p.124.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020286">Muſica facili modo conflata. </s> <s id="s.020287">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020288">254. <lb></lb>col.2 Muſicorum organorum varia imitatio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020289">p.458. <lb></lb>col.1 Muſtella, eius natura, proprietates & deſcri<lb></lb>ptio illius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020290">p.116.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020291">Muſtellæ piſces. </s> <s id="s.020292">p.519.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020293">Muſtellarum genera. </s> <s id="s.020294">p.534.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020295">Muſtellæ & ſciuri quomodo manſueſcant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020296">p.646.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/389.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020297">Muſtellæ ne noceant. </s> <s id="s.020298">p.96.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020299">Mutatio morum quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.020300">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020301">172. <lb></lb>col.2 Mutatio regionum in animalibus quid fa<lb></lb>ciat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020302">p.75.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020303">Mutili cur mali. </s> <s id="s.020304">p.564.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020305">Myrabolani. </s> <s id="s.020306">p.490.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020307">Mytiſtica pax. </s> <s id="s.020308">p.485.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020309">Myrtus. </s> <s id="s.020310">p.487.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020311">Mytuli in dulci aqua inueniuntur, illarum <lb></lb>corticibus, pictores pro coloribus diluendis <lb></lb>vtuntur. </s> <s id="s.020312">p.124.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020313"><emph type="center"></emph>N.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020314">Nardus. </s> <s id="s.020315">p.489.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020316">Naſus promontorium vltra Sueciam & <lb></lb>vnde nomen habeat. </s> <s id="s.020317">p.14.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020318">Natura. </s> <s id="s.020319">p.709.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020320">Natura animalium. </s> <s id="s.020321">p.330.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020322">Natura nobis imitanda, quæ minimis maxi<lb></lb>morum miracula oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.020323">p.698.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020324">Naturæ quatuor conatus. </s> <s id="s.020325">p.561.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020326">Naturæ hominum variæ. </s> <s id="s.020327">p.146.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020328">Naturæ diligentia in animalium conſtructio<lb></lb>ne. </s> <s id="s.020329">p.83.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020330">Nauis à velis cur tam celeriter moueatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020331">p.622.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020332">Nauis quot paſſuum millia exegerit vel <lb></lb>plus quomodo deprehendamus. </s> <s id="s.020333">pag.641. <lb></lb>col.2 Nauis quæ vniuerſum orbem circumambiuit. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020334">p.339.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020335">Naues fractæ quomodo reſtaurentur. </s> <s id="s.020336">p.212. <lb></lb>col.2 Naues coriaceæ & commoda. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020337">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020338">Naues abſque ferro. </s> <s id="s.020339">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020340">Nauium à monſtris marinis deſſenſio. </s> <s id="s.020341">p.537. <lb></lb>col.2 Nauium menſura. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020342">p.212.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020343">Nauigia facilius ex mari extrahuntur quam <lb></lb>ex fluminibus, vel lacubus. </s> <s id="s.020344">p.364.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020345">Nauigandi ars. </s> <s id="s.020346">p.210.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020347">Nautili & eorum ſpecies plurimæ inter po<lb></lb>lypos à quibuſdam enumerantur, roſtrum <lb></lb>habent polyppi ſeu pſittaci more. </s> <s id="s.020348">p.123.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020349">Nebulæ & pluuia vnde fiant. </s> <s id="s.020350">p.685.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020351">Nebulæ cur procul non propè potius videan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.020352">p.300.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020353">Negotia quomodo occultè tractentur. </s> <s id="s.020354">p.234. <lb></lb>col.1 Negotiorum præſagium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020355">p.284.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020356">Nephretici vt à calculo ſeſe poſſint expedire <lb></lb>facillimè. </s> <s id="s.020357">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020358">Neritæ & in quo à turbinatis differant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020359">p.123.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020360">Neronis encomium. </s> <s id="s.020361">p.522.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020362">Ne ſemina lædantur ab animalibus. </s> <s id="s.020363">pag.576. <lb></lb>col.2 Nihil eſt quod tam celeriter euehat quàm <lb></lb>certum mentis præſagium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020364">p.304.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020365">Nihil manſuetius eſt cane, equo, elephante <lb></lb>quæ ſunt quadrupedia, lepus verò non <lb></lb>manſueſcit, quamuis tamen aliquos Carda<lb></lb>nus viderit ſed rarò. </s> <s id="s.020366">p.700.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020367">Nihil paſſeri cum ſtruthiocamelo commune <lb></lb>eſt, niſi in nomine. </s> <s id="s.020368">p.700.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020369">Nihil quod mouetur in aquis putreſcit quod <lb></lb>exedat aqua. </s> <s id="s.020370">p.698.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020371">Nili deſcriptio, locus è quo naſcitur quas <lb></lb>terras irriget & tempus quo totam ægi<lb></lb>ptum inundat. </s> <s id="s.020372">p.666.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020373">Nilus cur aura careat. </s> <s id="s.020374">p.406.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020375">Nili inundatio. </s> <s id="s.020376">p.405.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020377">Nix cur ſine fulgure & tonitru deridat cauſæ <lb></lb>tres. </s> <s id="s.020378">p.664.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020379">Nix quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.020380">p.663.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020381">Nix variâ figurâ cadens. </s> <s id="s.020382">p.278.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020383">Niues cæruleæ. </s> <s id="s.020384">p.14.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020385">Nobiliſſimum auricalcum. </s> <s id="s.020386">p.459.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020387">Noctua canens quo tempore vbique viſa fue<lb></lb>rit & quid portenderit. </s> <s id="s.020388">p.280.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020389">Nodi quomodo tollantur. </s> <s id="s.020390">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020391">Nola filo circumdata facillimè frangitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020392">p.251.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020393">Nolæ cur pendentes reſonant. </s> <s id="s.020394">p.53.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020395">Nomina partium manus, pars prima corpus <lb></lb>ſecunda vola, tertia ipſi digiti. </s> <s id="s.020396">p.285.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020397">Non de verbis litigandum eſt modo de re <lb></lb>conſtet. </s> <s id="s.020398">p.679.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020399">Non exteriorum ſed membrorum principa<lb></lb>lium ratio habenda eſt. </s> <s id="s.020400">p.703.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020401">Non paruum munus ſecuritas ex hoſte quæ<lb></lb>ſita. </s> <s id="s.020402">pag.677.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020403">Non poſſunt duo orbes plani moueri duobus <lb></lb>motibus contrariis ſuper eodem centro ita <lb></lb>vt vnus ducat alterum. </s> <s id="s.020404">p.189.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020405">Noruegiorum vita ac mores, & illius populi <lb></lb>mira. </s> <s id="s.020406">p.10.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020407">Nubes & pluuia non longius centum mille <lb></lb>paſſuum videntur. </s> <s id="s.020408">p.631.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020409">Nubium forma qualis. </s> <s id="s.020410">p.631.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020411">Nubiloſi temporis ſigna tum grandinis & <lb></lb>pruinæ indicia. </s> <s id="s.020412">p.605.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020413">Nulla planta abſque radice. </s> <s id="s.020414">p.579.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020415">Nullum vehementer coloratum perſpicuum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020416">p.453.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020417">Nullum molle, aut cruſtatum vocem aut ſo<lb></lb>num edit, quoniam à perfectione multum <lb></lb>abſunt. </s> <s id="s.020418">p.89.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020419">Nullum mixtum aut elementum poteſtate eſt <lb></lb>calidum, aut frigidum. </s> <s id="s.020420">p.350.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020421">Numidarum mores agreſtes. </s> <s id="s.020422">p.557.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020423">Nutrix quæ habet oculos nigros, efficit ocu<lb></lb>los infantis nigros. </s> <s id="s.020424">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020425">Nutricum vitia quæ pueris nocent. </s> <s id="s.020426">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020427">Nux occidit vulpes. </s> <s id="s.020428">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020429">Nuces quomodo optime ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.020430">p.580. <lb></lb>col.1 Nux cur ad coctionem iuuet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020431">p.632.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020432">Nucis myriſticæ oleum quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.020433">p.492. <lb></lb>col.1 <emph type="center"></emph>O.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020434">Obeliſcus maximus. </s> <s id="s.020435">p.345.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020436">Obeliſci magnitudo. </s> <s id="s.020437">p.345.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020438">Obiecta tactus. </s> <s id="s.020439">p.570.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020440">Obſeruationes quot & quænam ſint præci<lb></lb>puæ deſtillantium. </s> <s id="s.020441">p.202.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020442">Occultata. </s> <s id="s.020443">p.234.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020444">Occultæ & perſonatæ literæ. </s> <s id="s.020445">p.236.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020446">Occultationum plura genera fit enim occul<lb></lb>tatio vel in rebus, vel in conceptibus animi <lb></lb>vel in negotiis, vel in ſignificationibus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020447">p.234.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020448">Ocreæ ab aqua immunes quomodo fiant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020449">p.438.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020450">Octo genera in rerum deſtillatione habentur <lb></lb>p.198.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020451">Oculus præſtantior aliis ſenſibus ſex de cauſis <lb></lb>p.570.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/390.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020452">Oculi cur tam cito in piſcibus generantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020453">p.132.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020454">Oculi ſenſum eſſe tenuiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.020455">pag.570. <lb></lb>col.2 Oculi partes conſpicuæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020456">p.536.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020457">Oculorum lebetudo vnde fiat in ſenibus. </s> <s id="s.020458">pag. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020459">562.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020460">Ocymum fermè vbique naſcitur. </s> <s id="s.020461">pag.490. <lb></lb>col.1 Odor pinguis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020462">p.41.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020463">Odor temperatus. </s> <s id="s.020464">p.41.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020465">Odor melleus. </s> <s id="s.020466">p.41.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020467">Odor terreus. </s> <s id="s.020468">p.41.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020469">Odores. </s> <s id="s.020470">p.40.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020471">Odores iucundiſſimi qui ſint. </s> <s id="s.020472">p.262.c.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020473">Odores ſaporibus melius cognitos eſſe, eſt <lb></lb>contra Ariſtotelem. </s> <s id="s.020474">p.40.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020475">Odoris priuilegium. </s> <s id="s.020476">pag.574.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020477">Odores abſque cauſa manifeſta. </s> <s id="s.020478">pag.161. <lb></lb>col.2 Odorum ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020479">p.486.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020480">Odorata cur plerumque calida. </s> <s id="s.020481">pag.487. <lb></lb>col.2 Odoratus mirabilis hamar. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020482">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020483">Odoratiſſima quænam ſint. </s> <s id="s.020484">p.40.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020485">Odio habere aut ſuccenſere illi non debe<lb></lb>mus qui nobis multiplicem præbuit vtili<lb></lb>tatem quamuis nolens. </s> <s id="s.020486">p.676.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020487">Oleum è metallis quomodo extrahatur. </s> <s id="s.020488">p.199. <lb></lb>col.2 Oleum quod illitum venena propellit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020489">p.399. <lb></lb>col.1 Oleum laterum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020490">p.201.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020491">Oleum vitrioli. </s> <s id="s.020492">p.445.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020493">Oleum cum lixiuio in lac tranſit. </s> <s id="s.020494">pag.254. <lb></lb>col.1 Oleum illitum ferro vel chalibi duplicem <lb></lb>præſtat vtilitatem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020495">p.621.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020496">Oleum ex fœno & quomodo debet præparari <lb></lb>vt poſſit extrahi. </s> <s id="s.020497">p.202.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020498">Olea ſex præcipuis & generalibus modis <lb></lb>fiunt qui fusè deſcribuntur. </s> <s id="s.020499">p.202.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020500">Oleum & pinguedinis diſcrimen. </s> <s id="s.020501">pag.491. <lb></lb>col.2 Oleum è floribus ſambuci quomodo poſſit <lb></lb>extrahi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020502">p.204.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020503">Oleum odoratiſſimum. </s> <s id="s.020504">p.200.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020505">Oleum corruptum quomodo reſtituatur in <lb></lb>priſtinum ſtatum. </s> <s id="s.020506">p.72.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020507">Olei, ſummum, vini medium, mellis imum <lb></lb>cur optima. </s> <s id="s.020508">p.630.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020509">Olei, vini, & mellis in pondere comparatio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020510">p.70.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020511">Olea à capra decerpta moritur. </s> <s id="s.020512">p.65.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020513">Olea odorata quomodo fiant, modi tres. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020514">p.491.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020515">Oleæ & quercus inimicitia. </s> <s id="s.020516">p.64.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020517">Olera quomodo toto anno ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.020518">p.72. <lb></lb>col.2 Oliuæ quomodo à nucleis liberentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020519">p.579. <lb></lb>col.2 Oliuæ vt celerrimè condiantur pulchra me<lb></lb>thodus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020520">p.74.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020521">Oliuæ olympiades. </s> <s id="s.020522">p.579.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020523">Oliuæ ligna ſemiambuſta æterna ſub terra & <lb></lb>aqua. </s> <s id="s.020524">p.213.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020525">Oliuaſtes Rliodius. </s> <s id="s.020526">p.481.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020527">Olor eius color & vox ſuauiſſima prope in<lb></lb>teritum. </s> <s id="s.020528">p.543.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020529">Onagri. </s> <s id="s.020530">p.523.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020531">Onyx. </s> <s id="s.020532">p.48.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020533">Onycis vires. </s> <s id="s.020534">p.467.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020535">Onocratalus. </s> <s id="s.020536">p.111.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020537">Opali degeneris mira natura. </s> <s id="s.020538">pagin.465. <lb></lb>col.1 Opali mira pulchritudo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020539">p.464.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020540">Opera parua ſubtilia fragilia. </s> <s id="s.020541">pag.613. <lb></lb>col.2 Operis calumniatoris Cardani magnitudo <lb></lb>barbaries & obliuio maxima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020542">pag.677. <lb></lb>col.1 Operatio facit forma cognoſcere è quare. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020543">p.690.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020544">Optima quæ ſint ſpecula. </s> <s id="s.020545">p.418.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020546">Optimæ aquæ. </s> <s id="s.020547">p.409.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020548">Oraculum antri trophanij. </s> <s id="s.020549">p.657.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020550">Didio Iuliano Exituum præditum à puero ex <lb></lb>ſpeculo. </s> <s id="s.020551">p.656.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020552">Oracula cur eſſe deſierint. </s> <s id="s.020553">p.331.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020554">Oracula quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.020555">p.306.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020556">Oracula debent eſſe ambigua vt ſint ora<lb></lb>cula. </s> <s id="s.020557">p.657.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020558">Oracula antiqua quomodo & quando fie<lb></lb>rent & vbi. </s> <s id="s.020559">p.269.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020560">Oraculorum quatuor genera, Colophonium, <lb></lb>Branchidicum, Delphicum, & Tropho<lb></lb>nium. </s> <s id="s.020561">p.303.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020562">Orbis celeberrima diuiſio. </s> <s id="s.020563">p.4.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020564">Orbis vnam tantum in partem quomodo <lb></lb>fiat. </s> <s id="s.020565">p.188.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020566">Orbis exterior quomodo mouebit interio<lb></lb>rem & non mouebitur ab illo. </s> <s id="s.020567">pag.188. <lb></lb>col.2 Orchadum inſularum felicitas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020568">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020569">699. <lb></lb>col.2 Ordo in deſcribendis his, quæ viuunt, à diffi<lb></lb>cultate ſumptus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020570">p.48.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020571">Ordo in libris tractandis qualis eſſe debeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020572">p.348.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020573">Ordo librorum de ſubtilitate. </s> <s id="s.020574">p.357.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020575">Organa hydraulica. </s> <s id="s.020576">p.573.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020577">Oriens verum & occidens & reliqua quomo<lb></lb>do habeantur. </s> <s id="s.020578">p.179.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020579">Oris fœtor quo remedio curatur. </s> <s id="s.020580">pag.567. <lb></lb>col.1 Ormus ciuitas in qua regione incolatur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020581">p.338.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020582">Ormus inſulæ calor. </s> <s id="s.020583">p.12.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020584">Orthragoricus piſcis quis ſit eius natura pro<lb></lb>prietates & vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.020585">p.142.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020586">Ortui pilorum & capillorum quid plurimum <lb></lb>conferat. </s> <s id="s.020587">p.260.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020588">Ortus & interitus, incolumitas & morbus <lb></lb>lætitia & triſtitia, ſerenitas & nubes, abun<lb></lb>dantia ac penuria, ſexcentáque huiuſmodi <lb></lb>quotidie inuicem alterna vice ſibi ſucce<lb></lb>dunt. </s> <s id="s.020589">p.673.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020590">Oryza cibus vniuerſo orbi ferme communis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020591">p.563.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020592">Os cur non Reſtituatur. </s> <s id="s.020593">p.692.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020594">Os capitis cur è pluribus fruſtis. </s> <s id="s.020595">p.539.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020596">Os hominis appenſum, vt carnem tangat, <lb></lb>prodeſſe doloribus ventris qui per circui<lb></lb>tum redeant creditum eſt. </s> <s id="s.020597">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020598">173. <lb></lb>col.1 Oſſa vt molliantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020599">p.618.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020600">Oſſa vt dealbari facillimè poſſint quid ſit <lb></lb>faciendum. </s> <s id="s.020601">p.244.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020602">Oſſa capitis craſſa & dura quid ſignificent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020603">p.559.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/391.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020604">Oſtenta quæ in cicuribus viſa aliquando fue<lb></lb>rint. </s> <s id="s.020605">p.280.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020606">Oſtenta quæ in hominibus apparent. </s> <s id="s.020607">p.281. <lb></lb>col.1 Oſtenta quæ in aëre apparent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020608">p.275.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020609">Oſtenta terræ. </s> <s id="s.020610">p.278.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020611">Oſtenta quæ in agreſtibus Animalibus ſæpe <lb></lb>apparent. </s> <s id="s.020612">p.279.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020613">Oſtenta plantarum. </s> <s id="s.020614">p.279.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020615">Oſtenta quæ in aquis videntur. </s> <s id="s.020616">p.278.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020617">Oſtenta quæ in partubus ſæpiſſimè apparent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020618">p.281.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020619">Oſtrea magnitudinis immenſa. </s> <s id="s.020620">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020621">537. <lb></lb>col.2 Oſtrea nobiliſſimum genus & quare. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020622">p.125. <lb></lb>col.1 Oues quare cornibus plerumque careant, & <lb></lb>quare ſint arietibus humidiores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020623">pag.698. <lb></lb>col.1 Oues in iugis montium regionum frigida<lb></lb>rum cornuta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020624">p.533.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020625">Oues velleris prætioſi in Caricta Siluriæ re<lb></lb>gionis parte inueniuntur. </s> <s id="s.020626">p.92.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020627">Oues aureæ in Ætholia prope Doundor vi<lb></lb>dentur. </s> <s id="s.020628">p.92.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020629">Oues in Hirtha, Hircos altitudine ſuperant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020630">caudas vſque in humum protenſas. </s> <s id="s.020631">p.101. <lb></lb>col.1 Oues cur factæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020632">p.533.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020633">Ouium morbis curandis. </s> <s id="s.020634">p.640.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020635">Ouium Indicarum quatuor genera & earum <lb></lb>proprietates. </s> <s id="s.020636">p.93.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020637">Ouium vtilitas lib.30.georg. </s> <s id="s.020638">p.522.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020639">Ouina pellis à Lupo lacerata mouet pruri<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="s.020640">p.639.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020641">Ouum portentoſum. </s> <s id="s.020642">p.145.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020643">Oua cum duobus albuminibus. </s> <s id="s.020644">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020645">145. <lb></lb>col.1 Oua emiſſa creſcunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020646">p.119.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020647">Oua nuper nata quomodo cognoſcantur. </s> <s id="s.020648">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020649">144.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020650">Oua qualia eſſe debent. </s> <s id="s.020651">p.242.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020652">Oui vitellum quomodo in lapidem tranſeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020653">p.444.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020654">Ouo filum circumductum in igne non ardet, <lb></lb>quare. </s> <s id="s.020655">p.387.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020656">Oua molleſcunt aceto ſic vt vrceis includan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.020657">p.650.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020658">Ouorum quædam proprietates. </s> <s id="s.020659">p.145.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020660">Oua fouendi ſine gallina modus. </s> <s id="s.020661">pag.561. <lb></lb>col.2 Oua vitrea quomodo ſint implenda. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020662">p.245. <lb></lb>col.1 Oua fundæ impoſita coquuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020663">pag.144. <lb></lb>col.2 Oua quibuſdam diebus nata magis ſeruan<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020664">p.144.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020665">Oua auguſto menſe nata ſeruantur. </s> <s id="s.020666">pag.144. <lb></lb>col.2 Oualis figuræ deſcribendæ ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020667">pag.249. <lb></lb>col.1 Oxyrinchi magnitudo eiuſque roſtrum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020668">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020669">136.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020670">Ozimi natura mira. </s> <s id="s.020671">p.64.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020672"><emph type="center"></emph>P.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020673">Pagurus quis ſit. </s> <s id="s.020674">p.141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020675">Palma, & palmæ diuerſa genera, proprie<lb></lb>tates & qualitates. </s> <s id="s.020676">p.56.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020677">Palmus duplex habet ſignificatum. </s> <s id="s.020678">pag.75. <lb></lb>col.1 Palpebræ cur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020679">p.570.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020680">Palumborum mira. </s> <s id="s.020681">p.104.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020682">Palus Alcyonia profundiſſima. </s> <s id="s.020683">p.405.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020684">Panis è piſcibus. </s> <s id="s.020685">p.9.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020686">Panis electio. </s> <s id="s.020687">p.242.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020688">Panis quæ diu incorruptus maneat conficien<lb></lb>di ratio. </s> <s id="s.020689">p.74.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020690">Panis conditiones quinque. </s> <s id="s.020691">p.563.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020692">Panis genera quinque. </s> <s id="s.020693">p.563.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020694">Panni lami quomodo extendantur. </s> <s id="s.020695">pag.562. <lb></lb>col.1 Papas, quid ſit, illius vſus & vnde oriatur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020696">p.8.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020697">Papillionum delendorum methodus. </s> <s id="s.020698">pag.92. <lb></lb>col.1 Papilionum generatio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020699">p.85.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020700">Pappus vnde fiat. </s> <s id="s.020701">p.481.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020702">Papyrus antiqua. </s> <s id="s.020703">p.614.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020704">Parabola quinta quænam ſit. </s> <s id="s.020705">p.371.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020706">Parabolis priuilegia. </s> <s id="s.020707">p.596.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020708">Pardi fel venenum præſentaneum. </s> <s id="s.020709">pag.640. <lb></lb>col.2 Parœci vnde nomen ſumant & quam par<lb></lb>tem orbis inhabitent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020710">p.11.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020711">Partes manus cui planetæ ſubiaceant. </s> <s id="s.020712">p.285. <lb></lb>col.1 Partes neceſſariæ metallicis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020713">p.442.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020714">Partus facilis ac difficilis notæ manifeſſimæ <lb></lb>p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020715">Partus monſtroſi quid ſignificent. </s> <s id="s.020716">pag.282. <lb></lb>col.1 Paſſer Muſcatus auium minimus, pennarum <lb></lb>colores, eius celeritas & paruitas, quantum <lb></lb>totus cum nido ſuo ponderet, eius partes <lb></lb>omnes & temperamentum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020717">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020718">543. <lb></lb>col.2 Paſſer vicilinus iuxta Mexicum inuenitur <lb></lb>eius forma & magnitudo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020719">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020720">110. <lb></lb>col.1 Paſſer ſturtus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020721">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020722">Paſſer ſtultus, figura, & quomodo ſe aduer<lb></lb>ſus ſimias muniat ne pullos in nido laten<lb></lb>tes occidant. </s> <s id="s.020723">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020724">Paſtinacæ piſcis deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.020725">p.118.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020726">Paſtinacæ aculeus dolorem dentium tollit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020727">p.444.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020728">Pauo indus. </s> <s id="s.020729">p.544.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020730">Pauo noſter auis pulcherrima omnium colo<lb></lb>rum varietas, eius vigilantia & fidelitas <lb></lb>contra fures gaudium quo afficitur dum <lb></lb>eius caudam mirantur homines. </s> <s id="s.020731">pag.544. <lb></lb>col.1 Pauones albi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020732">p.108.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020733">Pauonis caro ſi ſit aſſata per annum inte<lb></lb>grum ſeruatur. </s> <s id="s.020734">p.108.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020735">Pericula funambulorum eorum opera varia, <lb></lb>miraque quæ apud Turcos facere ſolent. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020736">p.637.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020737">Quomodo ſciamus proportionem periferiæ <lb></lb>circuli ad diametrum. </s> <s id="s.020738">p.642.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020739">Peripateticorum & Epicureorum rationes <lb></lb>aduerſus Dæmones. </s> <s id="s.020740">p.327.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020741">Pernæ habent denticulos in margine pati<lb></lb>natim diſpoſitas. </s> <s id="s.020742">p.125.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020743">Pernoctare locis humidis quid afferat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020744">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020745">Perſarum cadauera non corrumpuntur. </s> <s id="s.020746">p.151. <lb></lb>col.1 Perſicæ quomodo ſeruentur. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/392.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020747">p.265.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020748">Perſica in perſide veneno prædita. </s> <s id="s.020749">pag.488. <lb></lb>col.1 Plus eſt humidi in folio perfici quàm in fru<lb></lb>ctu & quare. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020750">p.695.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020751">Perſpicuum nullum duci poteſt. </s> <s id="s.020752">pag. </s> <s id="s.020753">34. <lb></lb>col.2 Perſpicuitatis in gemmis cauſa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020754">pag.461. <lb></lb>col.2 Peru prouinciæ deſcriptio & mirabilia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020755">p.12. <lb></lb>col.1 Peruyguana ſerpens eius deſcriptio, proprie<lb></lb>tates, & vnde ortus illius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020756">p.89.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020757">Peſtis mira. </s> <s id="s.020758">p.396.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020759">Peſtis quatuor de cauſis contingit, nimirum <lb></lb>vitio aquæ, aëris, cibi, & contagio. </s> <s id="s.020760">p.174. <lb></lb>col.2 Peſtis cur magnis caloribus & frigoribus po<lb></lb>tius ſedetur quàm temperato tempore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020761">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020762">175.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020763">Peſtis quædam mira in Heluetiis. </s> <s id="s.020764">pag. </s> <s id="s.020765">147. <lb></lb>col.2 Peſtis cura cum argento ſublimato. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020766">pag.390. <lb></lb>col.2 Peſtis cur occidat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020767">p.147.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020768">Peſtis in pecudibus & iumentis quænam ſint <lb></lb>certa ſigna. </s> <s id="s.020769">p.284.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020770">Peſtis ex arcula aperta. </s> <s id="s.020771">p.396.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020772">Peſtis numquam ſæuit iuxta Calekhutum & <lb></lb>ratio. </s> <s id="s.020773">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020774">Peſtilentiæ futuræ præſagia. </s> <s id="s.020775">p.283.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020776">Peſtis futuræ ſigna. </s> <s id="s.020777">p.605.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020778">Phænix & an verum ſit aliquem exiſtere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020779">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020780">Phaſellus Turcicus humana forma. </s> <s id="s.020781">pag.64. <lb></lb>col.2 Phiala quomodo palea eleuetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020782">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020783">245. <lb></lb>col.2 Phialæ quomodo impleantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020784">p.245.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020785">Turpe eſt Philoſopho iurgiis agere, Chri<lb></lb>ſtiano contendere, probo viro criminari <lb></lb>quemquam, medico ſeneſcenti iam ac viro <lb></lb>graui ineptè conuicia in alium ingerere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020786">p.676.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020787">Phryganium piſcis in fluminibus degit, ſenos <lb></lb>vtrinque pedes habet. </s> <s id="s.020788">p.130.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020789">Phycis natura. </s> <s id="s.020790">p.141.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020791">Piceæ fructus & Pineæ fructus in exemplo <lb></lb>ſunt, vt differentia inter illos clara ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020792">p.60.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020793">Picturæ partes tres. </s> <s id="s.020794">p.610.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020795">Picutus penna in linguam vtitur roſtri eius <lb></lb>longitudo. </s> <s id="s.020796">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020797">Pilorum color in animalibus vnde pag.79. <lb></lb>col.1 Pili craſsâ, metalla tenui ſunt ſubſtantia, nul<lb></lb>lum craſſum ſplendidum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020798">p.692.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020799">Pilis tutò tingendis quâ à re vtendum ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020800">p.260.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020801">Pili in mammis cur. </s> <s id="s.020802">p.170.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020803">Pinea Inda <emph type="italics"></emph>ſeu<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hyayama forma pulcherri<lb></lb>mus, guſtu iucundiſſimus, odore ſuauiſſi<lb></lb>mus, vt ex quinque ſenſibus tres in eo ma<lb></lb>ximè delectentur, vbi oriatur, & eius natu<lb></lb>ra & proprietates. </s> <s id="s.020804">p.57.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020805">Pingendi, cælandi, ſculpendi commune præ<lb></lb>ceptum. </s> <s id="s.020806">p.610.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020807">Pinguedines odoratæ quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.020808">p.567. <lb></lb>col.1 Pinguis cauſa & actio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020809">p.39.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020810">Pinnæ & illarum formæ. </s> <s id="s.020811">p.124.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020812">Pinnæ cur magis varij coloris. </s> <s id="s.020813">pag. </s> <s id="s.020814">118. <lb></lb>col.2 Pinnarum duplex genus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020815">p.116.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020816">Piper. </s> <s id="s.020817">p.485.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020818">Piper Antropophagorum. </s> <s id="s.020819">p.57.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020820">Piſces quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.020821">p.580.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020822">Piſces cur non nidificent. </s> <s id="s.020823">p.141.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020824">Piſces cur facile ſint mobiles. </s> <s id="s.020825">p.704.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020826">Piſcis Lien rarior eſt & craſſior, caro eius te<lb></lb>nuior & denſior. </s> <s id="s.020827">p.704.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020828">Piſces quomodo capiantur. </s> <s id="s.020829">p.581.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020830">Piſces marini cur adeo magni. </s> <s id="s.020831">pag. </s> <s id="s.020832">538. <lb></lb>col.1 Piſcibus lingua dentata & cur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020833">p.135.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020834">Piſcis & tædarum hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.020835">p.61.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020836">Piſces cur ex ouis generentur. </s> <s id="s.020837">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020838">521. <lb></lb>col.1 Piſcium nomina bene olentium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020839">pag. </s> <s id="s.020840">135. <lb></lb>col.2 Piſces cur multa oſſa in capite habeant. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020841">p.132.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020842">Piſcium marinorum ab aliis diſcrimen ex <lb></lb>forma. </s> <s id="s.020843">p.134.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020844">Piſcium ſpinæ noctu lucent. </s> <s id="s.020845">p.251.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020846">Piſces in calidis ac ſulphureis aquis. </s> <s id="s.020847">p.537. <lb></lb>col.1 Piſcium motus quadruplex. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020848">p.142.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020849">Piſcibus quæ grata & pernicioſa. </s> <s id="s.020850">pag.144. <lb></lb>col.2 Piſces cur non ſint piloſi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020851">p.139.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020852">Piſces quinam ſolùm fœminini. </s> <s id="s.020853">p.132.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020854">Piſces quibuſdam fluuiis familiares. </s> <s id="s.020855">p.137. <lb></lb>col.2 Piſces quinam vno tantum lacu gignantur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020856">p.137.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020857">Quinam ſint piſcium colores. </s> <s id="s.020858">p.130.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020859">Pluribus piſcibus mammas habere eſt com<lb></lb>mune. </s> <s id="s.020860">p.700.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020861">Plurima ſunt piſcium genera in quibus gu<lb></lb>ſtus ſolus & tactus eſt: & varia afferuntur <lb></lb>exempla. </s> <s id="s.020862">p.730.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020863">Piſces cur non benè oleant. </s> <s id="s.020864">p.135.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020865">Piſcium ſalitorum electio. </s> <s id="s.020866">p.242.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020867">Piſcium incredibilis captura. </s> <s id="s.020868">p.538.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020869">Piſcium vita longiſſima. </s> <s id="s.020870">p.143.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020871">Piſcium genera quæ ſolum inuicem miſcen<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.020872">p.129.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020873">Piſcis deformis & eius integra deſcriptio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020874">p.143.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020875">Piſces bipedes. </s> <s id="s.020876">p.540.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020877">Piſces cur adeo multiplicentur. </s> <s id="s.020878">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020879">521. <lb></lb>col.1 Piſces abſque pinnis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020880">p.24.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020881">Piſcium differentiæ ac genera multiplicia <lb></lb>p.112.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020882">Piſces habent pericardium & ſeptum tranſ<lb></lb>uerſum. </s> <s id="s.020883">p.116.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020884">Piſcium voces & ſoni eorumque diſcrimina <lb></lb>p.139.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020885">Piſces veneno præditi. </s> <s id="s.020886">p.118.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020887">Piſces omnes aërem in ſe & cur contineant <lb></lb>& quomodo. </s> <s id="s.020888">p.114.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020889">Piſces an audiant. </s> <s id="s.020890">p.114.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020891">Piſces Maculam habentes. </s> <s id="s.020892">p.139.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020893">Piſcium perſpicuitas. </s> <s id="s.020894">p.135.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020895">Piſcis in vaſe ſola aqua triennio nutritus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020896">p.116.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020897">Piſces omnes Sarcophagi præter ceſtreum & <lb></lb>capitonem. </s> <s id="s.020898">p.116.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/393.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020899">Piſces cur habeant linguas earum naturæ, <lb></lb>vtilitates, proprietates & commoda. </s> <s id="s.020900">p.133. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020901">Piſcium multitudo incredibilis. </s> <s id="s.020902">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020903">144. <lb></lb>col.2 Piſces cur collo & gula careant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020904">pag.115. <lb></lb>col.1 Piſces qui reſpirant magni & ſanguinei ſunt, <lb></lb>& quare. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020905">p.121.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020906">Piſces cur abſque palpebris. </s> <s id="s.020907">p.132.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020908">Piſces cur teſtes intus reconditos habeant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020909">p.129.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020910">Piſces omnes habent ſenſus, ſed omnes he<lb></lb>betes. </s> <s id="s.020911">p.114.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020912">Piſcium omnium ab integumento differen<lb></lb>tiæ tredecim enumerantur. </s> <s id="s.020913">p.122.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020914">Piſcium Arma. </s> <s id="s.020915">p.117.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020916">Piſces an reſpirent. </s> <s id="s.020917">p.113.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020918">Piſces inter quadrupedes & plantas medij. </s> <s id="s.020919">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020920">140.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020921">Piſcium nouem differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.020922">p.119.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020923">Piſces in mari dulci aqua nutrjuntur. </s> <s id="s.020924">p.139. <lb></lb>col.2 Piſces qui tacti tangentes febre afficiant. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020925">p.539.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020926">Piſces volantes. </s> <s id="s.020927">p.540.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020928">Piſcium ſapores. </s> <s id="s.020929">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020930">Piſcium mores. </s> <s id="s.020931">p.138.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020932">Piſces omnes cur poſtrema parte ſimiles in<lb></lb>ter ſe ſint. </s> <s id="s.020933">p.538.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020934">Piſcium diſciplina. </s> <s id="s.020935">p.143.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020936">Piſcis quiſnam ſit cum alis & pedibus. </s> <s id="s.020937">p.140. <lb></lb>col.1 Piſcium conditura præſtans. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020938">p.74.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020939">Piſcis barbatus. </s> <s id="s.020940">p.537.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020941">Piſcis noxius quiſnam. </s> <s id="s.020942">p.143.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020943">Piſcium diſcrimen à loco. </s> <s id="s.020944">p.134.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020945">Piſces cur voraces. </s> <s id="s.020946">p.136.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020947">Piſcium ventriculus cur magnus ſit. </s> <s id="s.020948">pag.115. <lb></lb>col.2 Piſcium quadruplex generatio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020949">p.119.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020950">Piſcium podex. </s> <s id="s.020951">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020952">Pithaiæ fructus, natura, vtilitates proprieta<lb></lb>tes & commoda. </s> <s id="s.020953">p.266.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020954"><foreign lang="grc">πιτυοκάμπαι</foreign> quid ſint eorumque proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020955">p.88.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020956">Plantago marina. </s> <s id="s.020957">p.63.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020958">Plantæ quædam formâ vires produnt. </s> <s id="s.020959">p.484. <lb></lb>col.1 Plantarum fructus ac flores quomodo ſerius <lb></lb>prodibunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020960">p.263.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020961">Plantas vt occidas. </s> <s id="s.020962">p.68.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020963">Plantæ & earum differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.020964">p.55.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020965">Plantæ & animalia ſicut & homines pro re<lb></lb>gionum varietate differentiam magnam <lb></lb>ſuſcipiunt. </s> <s id="s.020966">p.15.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020967">Plantæ vt ſeruentur, auxilia magica. </s> <s id="s.020968">p.68. <lb></lb>col.1 Plantis ſerendis quæ neceſſaria. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020969">p.66.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020970">Plantæ infauſtæ. </s> <s id="s.020971">p.59.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020972">Plantæ omnes ſponte proueniunt certis locis <lb></lb>p.58.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020973">Planta vlla an animal. </s> <s id="s.020974">p.63.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020975">Plantarum præſagia quomodo dueenda. </s> <s id="s.020976">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.020977">279.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020978">Plantæ ariditatis indices. </s> <s id="s.020979">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020980">Plantæ aërem vitiantes. </s> <s id="s.020981">p.482.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020982">Plantarum cura. </s> <s id="s.020983">p.65.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020984">Plantas ex propria inſitione mutari. </s> <s id="s.020985">p.577. <lb></lb>col.2 Plantarum miracula. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020986">p.63.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020987">Plantarum partes. </s> <s id="s.020988">p.482.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020989">Plantæ aquam ſubeſſe demonſtrantes. </s> <s id="s.020990">p.62. <lb></lb>col.1 Plantæ vt ſapore ac magnitudine præſtent. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020991">p.62.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020992">Planta nulla cur carnem gignat. </s> <s id="s.020993">pagin. </s> <s id="s.020994">63. <lb></lb>col.2 Plantæ cur animalibus diuturniores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020995">p.567. <lb></lb>col.2 Plantis quæ aquæ vtiliores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020996">p.62.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020997">Plantæ quæ vermibus ſcatent, quomodo cu<lb></lb>randæ. </s> <s id="s.020998">d.73.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.020999">Plantæ hyeme florentes. </s> <s id="s.021000">p.63.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021001">Planta cuius folia, ſi tanguntur ſtatim areſ<lb></lb>cunt. </s> <s id="s.021002">p.64.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021003">Plantarum folia quomodo formentur. </s> <s id="s.021004">p.578. <lb></lb>col.2 Plantæ aliquæ inuicem mutantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021005">pag.206. <lb></lb>col.1 Plaſtices difficilior cœlandi & ſculpendi ra<lb></lb>tione. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021006">p.611.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021007">Platanus in Scotia & Anglia. </s> <s id="s.021008">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021009">65. <lb></lb>col.2 Platanus ſemper virens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021010">p.65.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021011">Plato quomodo oſtendit Dæmonas eſſe. </s> <s id="s.021012">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021013">318.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021014">Platonis diſcipuli ſunt impij, Plato verò eſt <lb></lb>pius. </s> <s id="s.021015">p.328.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021016">Platonicorum opinio de Dæmonibus. </s> <s id="s.021017">p.320. <lb></lb>col.2 Plana iuncta quomodo diſiungi poſſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021018">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021019">363.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021020">Plani piſces quemadmodum ſunt fuſco dor<lb></lb>ſo ita ſunt ventre candido. </s> <s id="s.021021">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021022">130. <lb></lb>col.1 Plani piſces vbi-nam oculos habeant & quo<lb></lb>modo incedant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021023">p.231.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021024">Planiſphærium quid. </s> <s id="s.021025">p.223.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021026">Quæ plantas occidant. </s> <s id="s.021027">p.67.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021028">Quæ plantæ maximè odoratæ. </s> <s id="s.021029">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021030">483. <lb></lb>col.2 Plaſtica mirabilis antiqua fabricandi immen<lb></lb>ſa opera. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021031">p.611.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021032">Plinij cum natura certamen. </s> <s id="s.021033">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021034">124. <lb></lb>col.2 Plotini opinio de modo quo anima ſentit. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021035">p.706.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021036">Pluma aquilæ, anſerum plumas exedit. </s> <s id="s.021037">p.312. <lb></lb>col.1 Plumbum album vt non ſtrideat quid ſit <lb></lb>præſtandum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021038">p.207.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021039">Plumbum album odit alia metalla. </s> <s id="s.021040">pag.457. <lb></lb>col.2 Plumbum liquefactum quomodo in pulue<lb></lb>rem tranſeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021041">p.383.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021042">Plumbi quatuor ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.021043">p.457.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021044">Plumbea lamina, ſi ſit lata, & ſi æqualiter <lb></lb>aquæ inſiſtat mergi cur non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.021045">p.363. <lb></lb>col.1 Pluuia & nubes cur ſemper vbi ſol ſuperſtat. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021046">p.665.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021047">Pluuia quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.021048">p.663.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021049">Pluuia ranarum quid ſit ejuſque proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021050">p.306.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021051">Pluuiæ futuræ ſigna. </s> <s id="s.021052">p.306.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021053">Quandonam copioſæ pluuiæ à nobis ſint ex<lb></lb>pectandæ. </s> <s id="s.021054">p.685.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021055">Podagræ doloribus. </s> <s id="s.021056">p.641.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021057">Polenta quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.021058">p.70.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021059"><foreign lang="grc">Πολιορκετὲς</foreign> machina vnde dicta, aduerſus <pb xlink:href="016/01/394.jpg"></pb>quos facta, cuius altitudinis cuius ponde<lb></lb>ris, hæc ita bene fuit compaginata vt tuta <lb></lb>eſſet aduerſus ignes. </s> <s id="s.021060">p.216.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021061">Polypi piſcis forma, vita, mores magnitudo <lb></lb>& robur. </s> <s id="s.021062">p.131.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021063">Pomum prouocans ſomnum. </s> <s id="s.021064">p.645.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021065">Pomum croceum bene olet. </s> <s id="s.021066">p.58.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021067">Poma mortis. </s> <s id="s.021068">p.488.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021069">Pomata quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.021070">p.567.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021071">Pomum illæſo cortice quomodo in fruſta di<lb></lb>uidatur. </s> <s id="s.021072">p.253.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021073">Pomonia inſula & illius inſulæ proprietates. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021074">p.9.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021075">Pondus delatum à duobus longiore ligno cur <lb></lb>ſit leuius. </s> <s id="s.021076">p.251.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021077">Ponderum eiaculandorum ratio. </s> <s id="s.021078">pag.214. <lb></lb>col.1 Ponderum facile leuandorum ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021079">pag.620. <lb></lb>col.2 Pons Caij Cæſaris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021080">p.619.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021081">Pons quidam maximus. </s> <s id="s.021082">p.345.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021083">Portæ quomodo à domeſticis ſolum aperiun<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.021084">p.250.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021085">Portenta animalium domeſticorum quid re<lb></lb>ferant. </s> <s id="s.021086">p.281.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021087">Potoſſi eſt fodina in credibilis quantitatis ar<lb></lb>genti. </s> <s id="s.021088">p.46.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021089">Potus è Cytiſi floribus. </s> <s id="s.021090">p.69.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021091">Quomodo quæ præcioſa ſunt ſeruari debeant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021092">p.343.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021093">Præcantationes. </s> <s id="s.021094">p.68.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021095">Precatio aduerſus venena. </s> <s id="s.021096">p.398.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021097">Præcepta Regis Anglorum filium ſuum im<lb></lb>puberem relinquentis. </s> <s id="s.021098">p.176.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021099">Prægnantium affectus in fætus agere. </s> <s id="s.021100">p.568. <lb></lb>col.1 Præſagia & oracula cur perſæpe ſint falſa. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021101">p.303.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021102">Præſagia per genera rerum. </s> <s id="s.021103">p.285.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021104">Præſagia tempeſtatum. </s> <s id="s.021105">p.306.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021106">Tria præſagiorum genera, alij enim præſa<lb></lb>giunt in ſomnis votiuis, alij aliquid agen<lb></lb>tes, alij tamen facilius in ſomnis ac Ec<lb></lb>ſtaſi præſagiunt. </s> <s id="s.021107">p.303.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021108">Quæ in præſciendo obſcura ſint neceſſaria. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021109">p.304.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021110">Præſidia aduerſus Dæmones. </s> <s id="s.021111">p.335.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021112">Principes cur ſapientes. </s> <s id="s.021113">p.158.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021114">Principia plurima quibus natura equi, & pro<lb></lb>prietates dignoſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.021115">pag.98.c.2. & p.99. <lb></lb>col.1 Principiorum naturalium diuiſio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021116">pag. </s> <s id="s.021117">368. <lb></lb>col.1 Priuilegia omnia auri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021118">p.454.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021119">Problematum veritas quomodo exquiratur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021120">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021121">Procella maris admirabilis. </s> <s id="s.021122">p.26.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021123">Procellarum præſagia. </s> <s id="s.021124">p.278.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021125">Proceſſus rerum humanarum. </s> <s id="s.021126">p.150.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021127">Procli libri non ſpectant ad artem geometri<lb></lb>cam. </s> <s id="s.021128">p.589.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021129">Quomodo prohibere poſſimus ne puer fure<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.021130">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021131">Profeſſor Dialecticæ vel Metaphyſicę vigin<lb></lb>ti coronatis conducebatur, Medicinæ ve<lb></lb>rò & Philoſophiæ naturalis ſexcentis ac <lb></lb>mille & ſæpe etiam amplius & cur.p.674. <lb></lb>col.2 Profunditas mira fodinarum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021132">p.453.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021133">Pronunciatum vulgatum. <emph type="italics"></emph>Nam genus & proa-<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>uos, & quæ non fecimus ipſi, vix ea noſtra <lb></lb>voco.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.676.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021134">Proportio reflexa quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.021135">p.598.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021136">Proteſilai ſepulchrum. </s> <s id="s.021137">p.346.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021138">Pruina frigidior niue. </s> <s id="s.021139">p.663.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021140">Pruina quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.021141">p.664.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021142">Pruna cur rubra. </s> <s id="s.021143">p.193.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021144">Prunus caſtaneo, ſed Amygdalâ longe præ<lb></lb>ſtantior eſt. </s> <s id="s.021145">p.67.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021146">Quinam ſint populi feri & ſoli robori in<lb></lb>cumbant & quam ob cauſam. </s> <s id="s.021147">pag. </s> <s id="s.021148">160. <lb></lb>col.1 Pſalterium quale. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021149">p.573.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021150">Pſelli opinio de Dæmonibus. </s> <s id="s.021151">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021152">319. <lb></lb>col.1 Pſeudo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021153">Cærulea. </s> <s id="s.021154">p.447.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021155">Pſeudopalus eiuſque qualitates, reddit ge<lb></lb>ſtantem eloquentem & hilarem. </s> <s id="s.021156">pag. </s> <s id="s.021157">52. <lb></lb>col.1 Pſitacus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021158">p.544.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021159">Pſitacus an aliquid habeat commune cum <lb></lb>crocodillo. </s> <s id="s.021160">p.701.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021161">Pſittaci in india orientali eorum forma & <lb></lb>deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.021162">p.110.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021163">Pſitacus eius ingenium & ſagacitas, & qua <lb></lb>in regione naſcatur. </s> <s id="s.021164">p.544.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021165">Puella plus vrinæ emittens quàm ponderaret. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021166">p.168.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021167">Puellæ quædam factæ Dæmoniacæ. </s> <s id="s.021168">p.281. <lb></lb>col.2 Puella biceps nata quando. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021169">p.282.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021170">Puerorum faſcinum quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.021171">pag. </s> <s id="s.021172">311. <lb></lb>col.2 Pueri vt pingueſcant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021173">p.647.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021174">Puero quatuor vtilia quæ nullâ impenſa pa<lb></lb>rantur. </s> <s id="s.021175">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021176">Puero quatuor alia vtilia ſed non adeo <lb></lb>communia. </s> <s id="s.021177">p.555.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021178">Pueris & iuuenibus ſpiritus benè olere non <lb></lb>ſenibus nec intemperatis. </s> <s id="s.021179">p.482.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021180">Quid impediat ne pueri & puellæ poſſint pu<lb></lb>beſcere. </s> <s id="s.021181">p.171.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021182">Pugnare contra veritatem difficile eſt præ<lb></lb>ſertim viuentibus teſtibus. </s> <s id="s.021183">p.678.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021184">Pulices. </s> <s id="s.021185">p.88.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021186">Pulices quomodo vitare poſſumus & facil<lb></lb>limè. </s> <s id="s.021187">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021188">Pulchritudo quid ſit & cur pulchris dele<lb></lb>ctemur. </s> <s id="s.021189">p.571.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021190">Pulli caput ſtylo terebratum non moriente <lb></lb>pullo. </s> <s id="s.021191">p.316.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021192">Pullus vnicuique animali proprius. </s> <s id="s.021193">pag.545. <lb></lb>col.2 Pulſus & motus Cordis vtilitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021194">pag. </s> <s id="s.021195">557. <lb></lb>col.2 Puluis Pyrius abſque ſtrepitu ſphærulam eii<lb></lb>cit è machinis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021196">p.387.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021197">Pulueres vt ſubtiliſſimi euadant quid ſit fa<lb></lb>ciendum p.204.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021198">Pullus quomodo in ouo gignitur. </s> <s id="s.021199">pag. </s> <s id="s.021200">145. <lb></lb>col.2 Quando pullus generatur vbinam roſtrum <lb></lb>lateat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021201">p.704.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021202">Quomodo pullus quaternis pedibus & alis <lb></lb>naſcatur. </s> <s id="s.021203">p.561.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021204">Pumilionis paruitas mira. </s> <s id="s.021205">p.554.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021206">Purpureum Dioſcoridis cæruleum inter co<lb></lb>lores eſt. </s> <s id="s.021207">p.695.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021208">Purpurarum & Buccinorum diſcrimen oſten<lb></lb>ditur. </s> <s id="s.021209">p.123.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/395.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021210">Putredo pinguium. </s> <s id="s.021211">p.389.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021212">Putridum quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.021213">p.696.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021214">Putridum & putreſcens valde inter ſe diffe<lb></lb>runt, eò quòd putridum nihil ſit, putreſ<lb></lb>cens verò aliquid. </s> <s id="s.021215">p.696.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021216">Putredinis res in diſtillationibus. </s> <s id="s.021217">pag. </s> <s id="s.021218">196. <lb></lb>col.2 Quatuor eſſe genera putredinis demonſtra<lb></lb>tur euidenter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021219">p.389.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021220">Putridi & ignei caloris differentia. </s> <s id="s.021221">pag.390. <lb></lb>col.1 Putreſcere & per putredinem generari quo<lb></lb>modo inter ſe differant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021222">p.696.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021223">Pygmæi an ſint. </s> <s id="s.021224">p.152.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021225">Pyra magnitudinis inſignis. </s> <s id="s.021226">p.59.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021227">Pyrij pulueris compoſitio. </s> <s id="s.021228">p.379.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021229">Pyntes argentum quandoque continet ſæ<lb></lb>pius æs. </s> <s id="s.021230">p.446.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021231">Pyrius puluis cur à machina tanto impetu <lb></lb>ſphærulam mittat. </s> <s id="s.021232">p.379.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021233">Pyrites in littore maris. </s> <s id="s.021234">p.47.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021235">Pyrophili lapidis ex humano ſanguine ratio <lb></lb>ſtructuræ. </s> <s id="s.021236">p.647.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021237"><emph type="center"></emph><expan abbr="q.">que</expan><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021238">Qvadrati proprietas. </s> <s id="s.021239">p.597.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021240">Quadrupedia. </s> <s id="s.021241">p.92.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021242">Quadrupedibus impinguandis. </s> <s id="s.021243">p.96.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021244">Quadrupedum proprietates. </s> <s id="s.021245">p.97.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021246">Quiuira & talis regionis ſitus, incolæ ſem<lb></lb>per vagi ſunt. </s> <s id="s.021247">p.101.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021248">Qualitates omnes in quibus differant & con<lb></lb>ueniant. </s> <s id="s.021249">p.630.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021250">Qualitatibus omnibus ſenſibus commune. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021251">p.40.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021252">Quercus Baſileæ mira. </s> <s id="s.021253">p.65.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021254">Quercus cum ilice conſenſus. </s> <s id="s.021255">p.64.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021256"><emph type="center"></emph>R.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021257">Radices herbæque omnes quomodo ſer<lb></lb>uentur. </s> <s id="s.021258">p.579.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021259">Radicum partes. </s> <s id="s.021260">p.482.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021261">Raia homini amica. </s> <s id="s.021262">p.538.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021263">Raiarum genera multiplicia & differentiæ <lb></lb>earum. </s> <s id="s.021264">p.128.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021265">Rana marina piſcis & planus ac cartilagi<lb></lb>neus, fuſcus capite rotundo plano maxi<lb></lb>moque, cui quod adhæret caudæ inſtar di<lb></lb>ci poſſit, &c. </s> <s id="s.021266">p.128.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021267">Ranæ vt congregentur. </s> <s id="s.021268">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021269">Ranarum proprietates. </s> <s id="s.021270">p.144.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021271">Ranarum forma, genus, temperamentum, & <lb></lb>locus in quibus alantur. </s> <s id="s.021272">p.137.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021273">Rangiferi. </s> <s id="s.021274">p.532 <lb></lb>col.2 Rapæ vt maximæ fiant p.66.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021275">Raparum folia, quomodo viridia ſeruentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021276">p.72.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021277">Raparum magnitudo mira. </s> <s id="s.021278">p.578.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021279">Ratio demonſtrans contra ſimplicium quod <lb></lb>os piſcis milui aurum non trahit. </s> <s id="s.021280">pag.441. <lb></lb>col.1 Ratio rei magiſtra. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021281">p.202.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021282">Recta cur non frangantur. </s> <s id="s.021283">p.145.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021284">Recta linea quomodo deſcribatur. </s> <s id="s.021285">pag.253. <lb></lb>col.2 Recta linea meridiei quomodo habenda ſit. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021286">p.253.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021287">Recti linearum omnium figurarum priuile<lb></lb>gium. </s> <s id="s.021288">p.597.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021289">Reflexa linea quid. </s> <s id="s.021290">p.181.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021291">Reflexa linea quomodo in homocentricis <lb></lb>orbibus fiat. </s> <s id="s.021292">p.181.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021293">Reflexio radiorum ſolis multum variatur à lo<lb></lb>co ſuo, ex minima varietate aquæ vrcei. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021294">p.2.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021295">Regiones incognitæ diſperſæque tempeſta<lb></lb>tibus naues, quo pacto vbi ſint dignoſci <lb></lb>poſſint. </s> <s id="s.021296">p.416.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021297">Regionum genera proprietatibus diſtincta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021298">p.15.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021299">Regula ſociandi colores. </s> <s id="s.021300">p.44.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021301">Quomodo reges & ſapientes populique pri<lb></lb>mis principiis per ſe noti ſint. </s> <s id="s.021302">p.551.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021303">Quomodo per regiones ignotas ad locum <lb></lb>deſtinatum peruenias. </s> <s id="s.021304">p.241.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021305">Quæ regiones vitam longæuam efficiunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021306">p.560.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021307">Quæ præcipua ſingulæ Regiones peculiari<lb></lb>ter ferant. </s> <s id="s.021308">p.340.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021309">Regulus. </s> <s id="s.021310">p.340.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021311">Regulus ſeipſum torret in veru & quomodo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021312">p.111.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021313">Remedium ad leuandum capitis dolorem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021314">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021315">Remedium quo rei in eculeo torti crimen <lb></lb>ſuum & conſciorum confiteantur. </s> <s id="s.021316">p.172 <lb></lb>col.2 Remora piſcis, eiuſque deſcriptio & quomo<lb></lb>do naues detineat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021317">p.117.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021318">Repręſentationes variæ exhibitæ in comedia <lb></lb>à Nicolaſio viro ſplendiſſimo & omni <lb></lb>litterarum genere erudito. </s> <s id="s.021319">p.581.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021320">Ratio fugandorum Reptilium & talium. </s> <s id="s.021321">p.91 <lb></lb>col.1 Res cur maiores quam debeant videri, vi<lb></lb>deantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021322">p.31.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021323">Res ferreæ quomodo duriora facilius pene<lb></lb>trent. </s> <s id="s.021324">p.251.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021325">Res quæ manus ſecant, nobis non animad<lb></lb>uertentibus. </s> <s id="s.021326">p.64.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021327">Res quæ videtur vbi ſemper apparet. </s> <s id="s.021328">p.412. <lb></lb>col.2 Res naturales ſenſim ex vna in aliam tran<lb></lb>ſeant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021329">p.20.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021330">Rerum naturalium duo principia iuxta Em<lb></lb>pedoclem, vnum <emph type="italics"></emph>bonum,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> alterum <emph type="italics"></emph>malum<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>p.673.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021331">Reſpirationis varietas. </s> <s id="s.021332">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021333">Rezanæ prouinciæ fœcunditas. </s> <s id="s.021334">p.13.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021335">Rhabani ſubtilitas mira. </s> <s id="s.021336">p.588.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021337">Rhinoceros. </s> <s id="s.021338">p.530.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021339">Rhinoceros piſcis. </s> <s id="s.021340">p.537.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021341">Rhombi cuius longitudinis, cuius latitudinis, <lb></lb>& cuius altitudinis ſint. </s> <s id="s.021342">p.131.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021343">Ribes. </s> <s id="s.021344">p.57.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021345">Ringiferi. </s> <s id="s.021346">p.14.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021347">Riuus eſt locus per longitudinem depreſſus, <lb></lb>quo aqua decurrat. </s> <s id="s.021348">p.19.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021349">Roboris maximum experimentum. </s> <s id="s.021350">pag.635. <lb></lb>col.2 Rocellæ magnitudo, mira & quid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021351">pag. </s> <s id="s.021352">57. <lb></lb>col.2 Romani duplici lingua vtebantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021353">p.564.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021354">Romanorum clamor qui edi ſolebat ſub ini<lb></lb>tium pugnæ à militibus, & quid tali more <lb></lb>obſoleto nunc fiat dum ſunt in procinctu <lb></lb>ad pugnandum. </s> <s id="s.021355">p.586.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/396.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021356">Ros quomodo manna ſit. </s> <s id="s.021357">p.663.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021358">Roſa cur fit ſpinoſa. </s> <s id="s.021359">p.577.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021360">Roſæ quomodo ſingulis anni menſibus poſ<lb></lb>ſint haberi. </s> <s id="s.021361">p.263.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021362">Roſam metropolim. </s> <s id="s.021363">p.24.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021364">Roſarum ſuccus cur ſit rubens. </s> <s id="s.021365">p.261.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021366">Roſarum colores varij & multiplices. </s> <s id="s.021367">p.58. <lb></lb>col.1 Roſomacha. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021368">p.525.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021369">Rota cur & quomodo pondera maxima ele<lb></lb>uet. </s> <s id="s.021370">p.622.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021371">Rota quibus maxima aqua hauritur. </s> <s id="s.021372">p.622. <lb></lb>col.1 Rotæ verſatiles ad omnes partes quomodo <lb></lb>ſint continendæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021373">p.217.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021374">Rotarum harmonia. </s> <s id="s.021375">p.220.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021376">Rothomagi laus. </s> <s id="s.021377">p.338.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021378">Rubus & filis arguunt aſperam hyemem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021379">p.482.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021380">Rubiginem prohibentia quænam ſint. </s> <s id="s.021381">p.46. <lb></lb>col.1 Rupium & plantarum modus viuendi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021382">p.683. <lb></lb>col.1 Ruſtici cuiuſdam hiſtoria miranda & me<lb></lb>moratu digna. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021383">p.290.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021384">Rutæ vis mira. </s> <s id="s.021385">p.64.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021386">Ruthenicæ prouinciæ mirum. </s> <s id="s.021387">p.15.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021388"><emph type="center"></emph>S.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021389">Sabellæ pelles. </s> <s id="s.021390">p.534.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021391">Sabina, quam quidam Bruton volunt, ſi<lb></lb>millima eſt cupreſſo. </s> <s id="s.021392">p.58.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021393">Saccharum & mel quomodo purgentur. </s> <s id="s.021394">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021395">580.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021396">Saccharum roſeum purgans. </s> <s id="s.021397">p.261.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021398">Sagax quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.021399">p.702.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021400">Sal quo cogatur. </s> <s id="s.021401">p.312.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021402">Salſi cauſa & actio. </s> <s id="s.021403">p.39.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021404">Sal additum deſtillationibus cur copioſius <lb></lb>oleum reddat. </s> <s id="s.021405">p.201.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021406">Sal quomodo candidus fiat. </s> <s id="s.021407">p.254.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021408">Sal lapideum in mari Tumbez. </s> <s id="s.021409">p.17.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021410">Sal Chali, ſeu alumen catina. </s> <s id="s.021411">p.445.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021412">Salamandræ in Cumana inueniuntur palmi <lb></lb>magnitudine, gracillantes vt gallinæ, qua<lb></lb>rum morſus admodum exitialis. </s> <s id="s.021413">eſt p.90.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021414">Salamandræ ab ignibus non abſumuntur & <lb></lb>quare. </s> <s id="s.021415">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021416">Salmo vbinam generetur <expan abbr="vbinã">vbinam</expan> frequentius <lb></lb>reperiatur, modus quo oua pariat, eiuſque <lb></lb>hiſtoria fusè deſcripta. </s> <s id="s.021417">p.134.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021418">Salmoniſcum exemplum diu viuit. </s> <s id="s.021419">p.144.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021420">Salpa piſcis à branchis ad caudas decem ha<lb></lb>bet lineas, quarum vna eſt nigra, reliquæ <lb></lb>omnes luteæ mellei coloris, & per hoc mi<lb></lb>rum in modum à cæteris piſcibus diſtin<lb></lb>guitur. </s> <s id="s.021421">p.138.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021422">Ratio Saltuum. </s> <s id="s.021423">p.634.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021424">Sambucum antiqui odio habebant & inter <lb></lb>forales connumerabant. </s> <s id="s.021425">Quòd canes ex ea <lb></lb>ſolerent ſuſpendi, ſimiliter <emph type="italics"></emph>Ficum<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Mo<lb></lb>rum,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quòd fructus ederent nigros, &c. </s> <s id="s.021426">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021427">59.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021428">Samogittiæ. </s> <s id="s.021429">p.13.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021430">Sandaracha adulterina. </s> <s id="s.021431">p.257.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021432">Sandachæ inſperſio in quatuor caſibus con<lb></lb>uenit. </s> <s id="s.021433">p.256.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021434">Sanctij regis Hiſpaniarum hiſtoria. </s> <s id="s.021435">p.481.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021436">Sanguinis Draconis arbor. </s> <s id="s.021437">p.487.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021438">Sanguinem è naribus fluentem quomodo ali<lb></lb>qui ſuperſtitioſe ſiſtant. </s> <s id="s.021439">p.172.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021440">Santhalum & Aſphalatum. </s> <s id="s.021441">p.444.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021442">Sapiens longe rege beatior. </s> <s id="s.021443">p.633.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021444">Sapientes quomodo ad venerem poſſint ex<lb></lb>citari. </s> <s id="s.021445">p.558.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021446">Sapientis tria munera. </s> <s id="s.021447">p.584.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021448">Sapientes cur plerumque ſuæ patriæ perni<lb></lb>ciem attulerunt. </s> <s id="s.021449">p.460.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021450">Sapientes cur melancholici. </s> <s id="s.021451">p.558.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021452">Sapientes cur magis vitiis dediti videantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021453">p.460.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021454">Sapientes viri cur peſſimi. </s> <s id="s.021455">p.558.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021456">Sapientes ad venerem minus prompti & cur <lb></lb>p.558.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021457">Saporum natura. </s> <s id="s.021458">p.389.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021459">Sapores qui iucundi. </s> <s id="s.021460">p.39.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021461">Saphiro vires. </s> <s id="s.021462">p.465.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021463">Salau auis. </s> <s id="s.021464">p.536.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021465">Septem ſaporum & colorum genera. </s> <s id="s.021466">p.571. <lb></lb>col.1 Sarcophagus diſſoluit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021467">p.693.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021468">Sarcophagus lapis vbi inueniatur eiuſque <lb></lb>qualitates. </s> <s id="s.021469">p.54.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021470">Sargi quid ſint, eius proprietates, vbi inue<lb></lb>niantur & ad quid ſint vtiles. </s> <s id="s.021471">p.132.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021472">Saturnus Plumbum nigrum generat. </s> <s id="s.021473">p.309. <lb></lb>col.1 Scabiei equorum remedia, & eſt vt plurimum <lb></lb>detractio, purgatio, cibus bonus, ſulphur, <lb></lb>argentum viuum, mel, pix liquida, &c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021474">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021475">95.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021476">Scalarum muralium ratio. </s> <s id="s.021477">p.213.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021478">Scarabei moſchati. </s> <s id="s.021479">p.88.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021480">Scarus cur ſolus ruminet. </s> <s id="s.021481">p.141.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021482">Scelus quid. </s> <s id="s.021483">p.150.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021484">Scintillæ à crinibus hominibus. </s> <s id="s.021485">p.163.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021486">Scire veritatem quantum profit. </s> <s id="s.021487">p.403.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021488">Sciuri. </s> <s id="s.021489">p.541.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021490">Sciuri quos in vſus caudam adhibeant, pru<lb></lb>dentia eorum in ſpeculatore ponendo dum <lb></lb>ſarmenta colligunt ad nidum componen<lb></lb>dum & modus ſarmenta deferendi, eorum <lb></lb>quoque temperamentum. </s> <s id="s.021491">p.541.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021492">Scolopacis mirabilis natura proprietates & <lb></lb>vtilitates. </s> <s id="s.021493">p.142.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021494">Scopeliani mirum. </s> <s id="s.021495">p.163.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021496">Scopuli quomodo fiant inſularum ortus. </s> <s id="s.021497">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021498">402.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021499">Scorpio mirus. </s> <s id="s.021500">p.395.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021501">Scorpio in oleo viginti duobus diebus vixit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021502">p.92.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021503">Scorpij duplici aculeo præditi ſunt. </s> <s id="s.021504">p.88.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021505">Scoti laus. </s> <s id="s.021506">p.607.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021507">Scotia cur gemmas ferat. </s> <s id="s.021508">p.46.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021509">Quomodo ex ſcriptis ad pronunciationem <lb></lb>fiat tranſitus. </s> <s id="s.021510">p.584.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021511">Scribendi tres modi. </s> <s id="s.021512">p.564.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021513">Scropha tot parit filios, quot habet mammas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021514">p.102.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021515">Scytole Laconica, qualis ſit. </s> <s id="s.021516">p.238.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021517">Semen eſſe in Piſcibus oſtenditur. </s> <s id="s.021518">p.120.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021519">Semina quando ſerenda. </s> <s id="s.021520">p.68.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021521">Semina oleum continent. </s> <s id="s.021522">p.491.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021523">Semina vt meliora & vt maiora naſcantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021524">p.578.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021525">Seminis ac fructus diſcrimen. </s> <s id="s.021526">p.492.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021527">Seminis Rapæ oleum. </s> <s id="s.021528">p.492.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021529">Seminibus ſeruandis quæ ſeruntur, duo ſunt <lb></lb>auxilia. </s> <s id="s.021530">p.68.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021531">Senegæ fluminis mirum. </s> <s id="s.021532">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/397.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021533">Senes quibus ſtudiis maxime gaudeant. </s> <s id="s.021534">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021535">557.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021536">Senſus quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.021537">p.154.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021538">Quatuor ſenſuum differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.021539">p.155.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021540">Senſibilia communia, & ipſa quinque. </s> <s id="s.021541">p.570. <lb></lb>col.1 Senſibilium quadruplex differentia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021542">p.44.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021543">Tria omnibus ſenſibilibus communia. </s> <s id="s.021544">p.572. <lb></lb>col.2 Senſibus qui ſunt integris nec litteris indi<lb></lb>gent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021545">p.654.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021546">Senſiferæ cognitionis partes. </s> <s id="s.021547">p.582.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021548">Sententiæ. </s> <s id="s.021549">p.709.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021550">Separatio metallorum lucroſa per quid & <lb></lb>quomodo fieri ſoleat. </s> <s id="s.021551">p.207.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021552">Quæ ſepeliuntur quomodo ſint ſeruanda. </s> <s id="s.021553">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021554">254.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021555">Septa ſunt quæ ad incile opponuntur aquæ <lb></lb>deriuandæ compellendæve ex flumine. </s> <s id="s.021556">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021557">19.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021558">Sepulchratis ſplendor. </s> <s id="s.021559">p.274.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021560">Quomodo Sericum dealbetur. </s> <s id="s.021561">p.613.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021562">Serpentes. </s> <s id="s.021563">p.89.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021564">Serpens Caſcauella, iuxta caput Sancti Au<lb></lb>guſtini eius deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.021565">p.90.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021566">Serpentes quibus plantis gaudeant. </s> <s id="s.021567">p.90.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021568">Serpentum lingua bifida. </s> <s id="s.021569">p.91.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021570">Serpentes quibus hebetentur, & quibus vt <lb></lb>Plurimum obtupeſcant. </s> <s id="s.021571">p.90.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021572">Serpentes quomodo abſque periculo tracten<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.021573">p.646.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021574">Serpentes cur in pluribus inſulis non ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021575">p.15.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021576">Serpens ſacer, eius magnitudo, qualitates & <lb></lb>quare ſacer appelletur. </s> <s id="s.021577">p.91.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021578">Serpentes ne naſcantur methodus. </s> <s id="s.021579">p.91.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021580">Serpentes cur ſine pedibus. </s> <s id="s.021581">p.81.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021582">Serpentes quando vermes generent & quan<lb></lb>do non. </s> <s id="s.021583">p.91.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021584">Serpentibus fugandis odore Leopardi. </s> <s id="s.021585">p.91. <lb></lb>col.1 Serpentum capita vno oſſe conſtant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021586">pag.91. <lb></lb>col.1 Serpentum magnitudinis ac docilitatis mira <lb></lb>exempla. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021587">p.89.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021588">Quæ diutius ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.021589">p.343.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021590">Sextarius olei octodecim continet vncias. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021591">p.70.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021592">Sexus in animalibus cognitio. </s> <s id="s.021593">p.77.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021594">Sexus mutatio an fieri poſſit & quomodo fiat <lb></lb>p.163.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021595">Sicca quomodo in aquam per deſtillationem <lb></lb>tranſeant. </s> <s id="s.021596">p.199.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021597">Siccorum pondus quomodo poſſit haberi. </s> <s id="s.021598">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021599">251.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021600">Siccitatis opera. </s> <s id="s.021601">p.351.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021602">Siccitas nihil eſt aliud quam humidi priua<lb></lb>tio. </s> <s id="s.021603">p.382.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021604">Siderum magnitudo quomodo facile dignoſ<lb></lb>catur. </s> <s id="s.021605">p.434.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021606">Sigilla. </s> <s id="s.021607">p.307.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021608">Sigillum nobile quomodo debeat fieri. </s> <s id="s.021609">p.310. <lb></lb>col.1 Sigilla peculiaria quomodo componantur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021610">p.310.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021611">Sigilla quæ ſunt ſuperſtitioſa. </s> <s id="s.021612">p.307.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021613">Sigillum ad ſomnum conciliandum maximè <lb></lb>aptum. </s> <s id="s.021614">p.308.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021615">Sigillorum imitatio. </s> <s id="s.021616">p.308.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021617">Sigilla planetarum. </s> <s id="s.021618">p.310.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021619">Sigilla ſignorum. </s> <s id="s.021620">p.309.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021621">Quæ in ſigillis ſunt neceſſaria. </s> <s id="s.021622">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021623">307. <lb></lb>col.2 Sigillorum vis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021624">p.646.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021625">Signa quæ æqualitatem ſeruant, benè ſunt <lb></lb>plerumque diſpoſita. </s> <s id="s.021626">p.286.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021627">Signa plurima mala. </s> <s id="s.021628">p.286.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021629">Signa in equis à quinque ſumuntur. </s> <s id="s.021630">p.99. <lb></lb>col.1 Signa quæ ventos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021631">Serenitatem, tempeſtates <lb></lb>prænunciant. </s> <s id="s.021632">p.604.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021633">Signa machinæ quæ fracturæ obnoxia ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021634">p.379.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021635">Signa cognoſcendæ terræ. </s> <s id="s.021636">p.403.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021637">Siligo quid ſit & ex illa Germani panem <lb></lb>conficiant. </s> <s id="s.021638">p.704.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021639">Siliquaſtrum. </s> <s id="s.021640">p.483.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021641">Silurus piſcis plurimis piſcibus inſuauior, <lb></lb>cute dura & leui ita vt ex Turca tympana <lb></lb>conficiantur. </s> <s id="s.021642">p.136.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021643">Simia & elephas non ſunt ſagaciora cane <lb></lb>vel vulpe, ſunt tamen prudentiora, multi <lb></lb>enim inter homines ſunt prudentiores ru<lb></lb>di Minerua. </s> <s id="s.021644">p.702.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021645">Simiæ quare diu odoratu explorent. </s> <s id="s.021646">p.705. <lb></lb>col.1 Similitudinis cauſa filiorum ad parentes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021647">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021648">556.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021649">Sirenum hiſtoriæ & mirum. </s> <s id="s.021650">p.87.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021651">Situla aquâ plena circumuoluta, cur non ef<lb></lb>fundatur. </s> <s id="s.021652">p.362.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021653">Situla aqua plena quomodo ſuſtineatur. </s> <s id="s.021654">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021655">p.629.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021656">Smaragdus, eiuſque proprietates & differen<lb></lb>tia illius ab aliis. </s> <s id="s.021657">p.49.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021658">Socratis dæmonium. </s> <s id="s.021659">p.272.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021660">Sol continet oleum. </s> <s id="s.021661">p.444.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021662">Sol quomodo calefaciat. </s> <s id="s.021663">p.417.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021664">Solem obſcurari, tenebriſne toti terræ obdu<lb></lb>ci vno eodemque momento impoſſibile eſt <lb></lb>p.275.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021665">Soles tres quando nam & vbinam viſi fue<lb></lb>rint. </s> <s id="s.021666">p.276.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021667">Solis altitudo nunc minor eſt quam olim vn<lb></lb>quam fuerit. </s> <s id="s.021668">p.414.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021669">Solis & Lunæ & terræ magnitudinis compa<lb></lb>ratio. </s> <s id="s.021670">p.414.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021671">Sol duplicatus cur circulis de quo etiam in<lb></lb>frà tractat ſub ſigno ſolis. </s> <s id="s.021672">p.276.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021673">Solis ortus & occaſus mirabiles. </s> <s id="s.021674">p.240.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021675">Solani ſomniferi mira vis. </s> <s id="s.021676">p.58.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021677">Solea oculata quid ſit. </s> <s id="s.021678">p.131.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021679">Solenes tenui teſtâ, quibus veſci ſolebat <lb></lb>Cardanus. </s> <s id="s.021680">p.124.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021681">Somnus fit ex quiete ſpirituum. </s> <s id="s.021682">pag. </s> <s id="s.021683">709. <lb></lb>col.1 Somnus & vigilia fit, quando nam proſint <lb></lb>noceantue. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021684">p.164.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021685">Somnum vt poſſit induci iis qui facile non <lb></lb>dormiunt quid agendum ſit. </s> <s id="s.021686">p.172.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021687">Somnum prouocantia. </s> <s id="s.021688">p.639.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021689">Somnium Authoris mirum. </s> <s id="s.021690">p.304.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021691">Somnium quomodo longius temporis quam <lb></lb>ſit oſtendat. </s> <s id="s.021692">p.651.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021693">Somniorum veritas vnde peti poſſit. </s> <s id="s.021694">p.166. <lb></lb>col.2 Somnia quæ læta triſtia ac turbulenta faciant <lb></lb>p.639.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021695">Somnia quæ augeant vel minuant. </s> <s id="s.021696">pag.650. <lb></lb>col.2 Somniorum, tria ſunt genera. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/398.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021697">Primum ge<lb></lb>nus petitur à cibo, ſecundum ab humore, <lb></lb>tertium à cauſa ſuperiori. </s> <s id="s.021698">Ad primum ge<lb></lb>nus reſpondet temperantia cibi & potus, <lb></lb>ad ſecundum purgatio, ad tertium ſanctitas <lb></lb>vitæ, veritatiſque amor. </s> <s id="s.021699">p.167.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021700">Somniorum verorum cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.021701">p.640.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021702">Somnia vera quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.021703">p.166.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021704">Somnia vera quomodo impetranda. </s> <s id="s.021705">p.305. <lb></lb>col.1 Qui ſurgunt in ſomno quomodo cohibean<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021706">p.639.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021707">Sonus per omnia tranſit elementa & quam <lb></lb>ob cauſam. </s> <s id="s.021708">p.300.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021709">Sonus in aëre perpetuus auditur quam ob <lb></lb>cauſam. </s> <s id="s.021710">p.300.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021711">Soni auditi ab ipſo authore mirabilis hiſto<lb></lb>ria. </s> <s id="s.021712">p.299.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021713">Soni ac voces quæ ſunt præter naturam. </s> <s id="s.021714">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021715">299.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021716">Sonorum differentia. </s> <s id="s.021717">p.53.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021718">Soni quorum cauſa obſcura eſt, & nos omni<lb></lb>no latet, aſſignantur. </s> <s id="s.021719">p.301.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021720">Sonitus aurium qui ſponte fit an aliquid por<lb></lb>tendat. </s> <s id="s.021721">p.574.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021722">Soræ quomodo ab vncinis tutæ fiant. </s> <s id="s.021723">p.623. <lb></lb>col.1 Sortes in quibus & a quo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021724">p.670.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021725">Sortes quomodo in plorandæ. </s> <s id="s.021726">p.305.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021727">Spartum quantum à Geniſta differat & Mat<lb></lb>thiclo. </s> <s id="s.021728">p.695.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021729">Species Hyacintorum. </s> <s id="s.021730">p.461.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021731">Species omnium eorum in cælo videntur & <lb></lb>ſæpiſſimè apparent. </s> <s id="s.021732">p.273.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021733">Spectrum primum eorum aſſignet author <lb></lb>euenit Cenetho ſecundo Scotorum Regi <lb></lb>cum Picti patrem Alpinum captum occi<lb></lb>diſſent & ipſum Regem timore perculſis <lb></lb>cum perſuadere non poſſit ſubditis vltio<lb></lb>nem principes Regionum conuocatos be<lb></lb>nignè excepit; & hoſpitio & conuiuio lau<lb></lb>tè & oppipare dignatus eſt, ſed media <lb></lb>nocte homines perſonatos ad ſingula cu<lb></lb>bicula miſit, qui diuina Oracula de vltione <lb></lb>Regis ferrent quod ſtratagema in cauſa <lb></lb>fuit cur Scoti non ſemel ſed bis terue Pi<lb></lb>ctos vicerint & ad extremum deleuerint <lb></lb>p.302.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021734">Spectrum ſecundum, quo ſcarabei vel teſtu<lb></lb>dines, aut cancri cæmiteriis ſparguntur <lb></lb>cum exiguis candelis, alij ſubtilius mor<lb></lb>tuorum capitibus candelas intra condunt, <lb></lb>horrendam faciem præbent, ſed ſi locuſta<lb></lb>rum dorſis candelæ exiguæ annectantur <lb></lb>terrorem aliquem pariunt, nam ignis vide<lb></lb>tur ſaltare. </s> <s id="s.021735">p.302.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021736">Spectrum tertium, quo ipſi etiam Chirugi <lb></lb>falluntur, exiſtimantque membrum haud <lb></lb>dubie vulneratum quando manus medica<lb></lb>mento inficitur. </s> <s id="s.021737">p.302.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021738">Spectrum quartum quo omnia quæ in domo <lb></lb>ſunt moueri videntur, vt terræmotus ſed <lb></lb>ſolus viſus in illo fallitur p.302.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021739">Spectrum quintum, quod ipſi authori conti<lb></lb>git & Sociis, & quam ob cauſam. </s> <s id="s.021740">p.302. <lb></lb>col.2 Spectra in nubibus quomodo fiant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021741">pag.302. <lb></lb>col.2 Spectra quod modis fiant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021742">p.301.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021743">Spectrum propriæ imaginis. </s> <s id="s.021744">p.163.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021745">Spectrum artificioſum. </s> <s id="s.021746">p.301.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021747">Species tertiæ à ſubſtantia deſumitur. </s> <s id="s.021748">p.403. <lb></lb>col.2 Specula ex argento optima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021749">p.459.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021750">Speculorum compoſitio. </s> <s id="s.021751">p.215.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021752">Specula quæ iuniores homines oſtendunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021753">p.252.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021754">Specula exquiſitiſſima ſunt metallica. </s> <s id="s.021755">p.31.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021756">Specula vſus multiplicis & diuerſimodè. </s> <s id="s.021757">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021758">254.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021759">Specus vires. </s> <s id="s.021760">p.402.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021761">Specus intrantibus præſidia aduerſus aërem <lb></lb>p.402.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021762">Specuum cognitio. </s> <s id="s.021763">p.402.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021764">Specus mirabilis in Nicargua. </s> <s id="s.021765">p.16.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021766">Specus eſt locus ex quo deſpicitur. </s> <s id="s.021767">p.19.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021768">Specus cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.021769">p.402.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021770">Specus ſub terra. </s> <s id="s.021771">p.408.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021772">Sphæræ & ipſius partium proprietates. </s> <s id="s.021773">p.597. <lb></lb>col.2 Sphæræ proportio ad aliorum corporum ca<lb></lb>pacitatem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021774">p.634.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021775">Sphæra ſolida cæleſtis. </s> <s id="s.021776">p.221.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021777">Sphæra quomodo ex planis fiat. </s> <s id="s.021778">p.634.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021779">Tria maxime habet humana ſphæra. </s> <s id="s.021780">p.176. <lb></lb>col.2 Sphæræ quomodo in plano deſcribi poſſint. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021781">p.643.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021782">Sphæra ſolida Geographica. </s> <s id="s.021783">p.221.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021784">Sphæroidis duo priuilegia. </s> <s id="s.021785">p.597.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021786">Spinæ quibus datæ ſint. </s> <s id="s.021787">p.132.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021788">Springual. </s> <s id="s.021789">p.537.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021790">Spiralis lineæ priuilegia. </s> <s id="s.021791">p.596.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021792">Spongia ſeu fungus cynorhodi. </s> <s id="s.021793">p.63.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021794">Spurij cur malorum morum tres cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.021795">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021796">555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021797">Spurios procreandi qui ſint ingenuis mori<lb></lb>bus, modus. </s> <s id="s.021798">p.555.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021799">Squatina. </s> <s id="s.021800">p.129.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021801">Squillæ & quomodo pugnando mirabiliter <lb></lb>concipiant. </s> <s id="s.021802">p.127.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021803">Stannum natiuum. </s> <s id="s.021804">p.457.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021805">Stannum artificioſum. </s> <s id="s.021806">p.457.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021807">Statera quomodo perfecta eſſe poſſit experi<lb></lb>mentum egregium. </s> <s id="s.021808">p.371.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021809">Stateræ ratio eiuſque figura. </s> <s id="s.021810">p.370.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021811">Statua quæ ſolem ſemper reſpicit. </s> <s id="s.021812">pag.221. <lb></lb>col.1 Statuæ quæ regem occidit hiſtoria mirabilis <lb></lb>narratur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021813">p.220.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021814">Statuæ ligneæ miræ. </s> <s id="s.021815">p.252.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021816">Stellæ piſcis deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.021817">p.115.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021818">Stellæ longè minores & altiores quam ſint <lb></lb>videntur. </s> <s id="s.021819">p.412.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021820">Stellarum marinarum vis concoquendi in<lb></lb>credibilis. </s> <s id="s.021821">p.115.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021822">Stellæ quo tempore per totum diem apparue<lb></lb>rint. </s> <s id="s.021823">p.275.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021824">Stellaris lapis, eſt qui aureis guttis, quaſi <lb></lb>ſtellis ſit inſignis inanes timores ab infan<lb></lb>tibus pellit. </s> <s id="s.021825">p.52.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021826">Sterilitatis cauſa. </s> <s id="s.021827">p.525.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021828">Remedium ad curandam ſtranguriam. </s> <s id="s.021829">p.640. <lb></lb>col.2 Strepitus qui ſæpiſſimè in littoribus & ſub <lb></lb>aqua audiri ſolent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021830">p.300 c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021831">Strigarum ſeu Lamiarum ludibria vnde. </s> <s id="s.021832">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021833">653.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021834">Striges ſeu lamiæ & faſcinationes. </s> <s id="s.021835">pag.289. <lb></lb>col.1 Struthio-camelus. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/399.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021836">p.542.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021837">Struthio-camelus, eius Ethimologia, figura <lb></lb>natura & proprietates. </s> <s id="s.021838">p.541.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021839">Sturiones quo veſcantur, vbinam oriantur, <lb></lb>quonam aſcendant & vbi ſint frequentes. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021840">p.136.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021841">Sturionum diuerſæ ſunt ſpecies, & mira eo<lb></lb>rum deſcriptio, &c. </s> <s id="s.021842">p.136.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021843">Ratio ſtudiorum. </s> <s id="s.021844">p.633.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021845">Subtilitas in omnibus vtilis ſed in paruisne<lb></lb>ceſſaria. </s> <s id="s.021846">p.558.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021847">Subſtilitatis in ſubſtantia quænam ſint ge<lb></lb>nera. </s> <s id="s.021848">p.383.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021849">Subtilitates ab arte, natura, & igne, quibus <lb></lb>differant. </s> <s id="s.021850">p.383.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021851">Subtilitatis in autoribus genera ſeptem. </s> <s id="s.021852">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021853">608.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021854">Subtilitas, calor atque motus ſunt cauſæ vi<lb></lb>ciſſim. </s> <s id="s.021855">p.417.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021856">Subtilitas in quibus ſit. </s> <s id="s.021857">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021858">357. <lb></lb>col.2 Subtilitatis definitio <emph type="italics"></emph>eſt ratio quædam quâ <lb></lb>ſenſibilia à ſenſibus, intelligibilia ab in<lb></lb>tellectu difficilè comprehenduntur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.357. <lb></lb>col.1 Succinum quomodo generetur & colligatur. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021859">p.44.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021860">Succinum eiuſque proprietates. </s> <s id="s.021861">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021862">51. <lb></lb>col.2 Tres modi ſuccos excipiendi præcipui enu<lb></lb>merantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021863">p.204.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021864">Sanguinei ſudoris cauſa. </s> <s id="s.021865">p.560.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021866">Sulphur & illius vſus. </s> <s id="s.021867">p.444.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021868">Sulphur purum natiuum in Quahumetallan. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021869">p.17.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021870">Superiorum Erraticarum motus. </s> <s id="s.021871">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021872">29. <lb></lb>col.2 Suppoſita plurima pro motibus orbium & <lb></lb>circulorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021873">p.178.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021874">Superſtitioſum eſt, cum ſpleni ſcirrhoſo lin<lb></lb>tea in crucem imponuntur, & linteis ſecu<lb></lb>ris, quæ ligneo malleo percutitur, ſcirrhuſ<lb></lb>que ſoluitur. </s> <s id="s.021875">p.172.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021876">Sus miræ magnitudinis. </s> <s id="s.021877">p.93.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021878">Sus indicus. </s> <s id="s.021879">p.541.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021880">Suum hiſtoria, grando eſt morbus eorum, <lb></lb>quæ ſi modica ſit carnes efficit dulciores, <lb></lb>ſigna quibus cognoſcuntur hoc morbo la<lb></lb>borare tria ſunt. </s> <s id="s.021881">p.97.c.1.& c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021882">Sues cum vmbilico ſuperrenes, alij cum vn<lb></lb>guibus longiſſimis. </s> <s id="s.021883">p.101.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021884">Suum indicorum deſcriptio, corum ſimilitu<lb></lb>do quoad formam vocem & aliquos agen<lb></lb>di modos cum noſtris atque eorum diffe<lb></lb>rentia. </s> <s id="s.021885">d.541.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021886">Sues ſolipedes vbi. </s> <s id="s.021887">p.82.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021888">Sydera omnia cur in oriente & occidente <lb></lb>maiora videantur. </s> <s id="s.021889">p.413.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021890">Sydera eodem modo ſunt calidiſſima, quo <lb></lb>ſunt ſplendiſſima, Venus, Iupiter, & Lu<lb></lb>na abundantiâ caloris, vt etiam luminis <lb></lb>Canicula abundantia, & magnitudine.p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021891">687.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021892">Sydera omnia calida eſſe demonſtratur. </s> <s id="s.021893">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021894">374.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021895">Sydera an ſint ſolida. </s> <s id="s.021896">p.419.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021897">Sympathia & antipathia quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.021898">pag.638. <lb></lb>col.2 Sympathiæ ſpecies prima. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021899">p.2.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021900"><emph type="center"></emph>T.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021901">Tabulæ ne vrantur à vaſis in quibus ignis <lb></lb>defertur. </s> <s id="s.021902">p.252.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021903">Tactus quadruplex. </s> <s id="s.021904">p.571.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021905">Talpa. </s> <s id="s.021906">p.521.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021907">Talpa cur cæcus, breuiſſima crura, vngues, <lb></lb>acutiſſimos, caudamque breuem habeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021908">p.545.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021909">Talpas vt tollas mirabilis methodus. </s> <s id="s.021910">pag.96. <lb></lb>col.1 Talpa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021911">p.545.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021912">Tamarindi. </s> <s id="s.021913">p.490.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021914">Tartari vtuntur Equis caſtratis quòd famis, <lb></lb>ſitis ac laborum ſint paratiores. </s> <s id="s.021915">pag. </s> <s id="s.021916">14. <lb></lb>col.1 Tartari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021917">p.13.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021918">Taurus vt maſculum generet. </s> <s id="s.021919">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021920">102. <lb></lb>col.1 Taurorum mors ſpontina quid oſtenderit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021921">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021922">280.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021923">Tauri Calydoniæ ſyluæ. </s> <s id="s.021924">p.92.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021925">Tauri Pæonij. </s> <s id="s.021926">p.533.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021927">Tellinæ rotundæ ſunt, leui candidoque te<lb></lb>gmine in ambitum denticulis pectinatim <lb></lb>diſpoſitis. </s> <s id="s.021928">p.125.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021929">Telum pendens nullis vinculis. </s> <s id="s.021930">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021931">221. <lb></lb>col.1 Teli conficiendi ratio quod ſemper configi<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021932">p.393.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021933">Tempus quid. </s> <s id="s.021934">p.157.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021935">Tempus quid ſit & quinque illius pulcherri<lb></lb>ma quæſita. </s> <s id="s.021936">p.651.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021937">Temporum ſucceſſiones quomodo pingan<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.021938">p.610.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021939">Tempeſtatum differentiæ & qui magis ti<lb></lb>midi ſunt, periculumque afferant naui<lb></lb>bus naufragij. </s> <s id="s.021940">p.667.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021941">Tenebræ ſex menſium & dies in quibuſdam <lb></lb>regionibus. </s> <s id="s.021942">p.552.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021943">Tenuia an craſſa magis cedant. </s> <s id="s.021944">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021945">385. <lb></lb>col.1 Tenuitas auri in foliis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021946">p.454.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021947">Tenuitatis ratio in arboribus. </s> <s id="s.021948">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021949">482. <lb></lb>col.1 Teredines quid ſint, & qualitates earum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021950">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021951">87.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021952">Terra an ſeneſcat. </s> <s id="s.021953">p.9.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021954">Terræ pinguis dignoſcendæ ratio. </s> <s id="s.021955">pagin. </s> <s id="s.021956">8. <lb></lb>col.2 Terræ ad aquam in ſitu comparatio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021957">pag. </s> <s id="s.021958">8. <lb></lb>col.2 Terræ ſterilis indicia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021959">p.9.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021960">Terræ miracula. </s> <s id="s.021961">p.16.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021962">Terræmotus differentiæ ab effectu. </s> <s id="s.021963">p.16. <lb></lb>col.2 Terræ motus maximus temporibus Valen<lb></lb>tiniani Valentiſque imperatorum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021964">pag. </s> <s id="s.021965">16. <lb></lb>col.2 Cauſæ varietatis calorum terræ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021966">pag.403. <lb></lb>col.1 Terræ colores. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021967">p.403.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021968">Terra optima quæ. </s> <s id="s.021969">p.403.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021970">Cur terra optima imbre conſperſa benè olet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021971">p.403.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021972">Terræ ſpecies ab vſu. </s> <s id="s.021973">p.404.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021974">Quomodo terræ aquis ſuperemineant & <lb></lb>hac de re ſeptem opiniones recenſentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.021975">p.404.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/400.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021976">Terræ quæ ſint propria. </s> <s id="s.021977">p.403.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021978">Terræ totius ambitus. </s> <s id="s.021979">p.403.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021980">Terræmotuum differentiæ. </s> <s id="s.021981">p.400.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021982">Terra bene olens. </s> <s id="s.021983">p.435.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021984">Terra britannica. </s> <s id="s.021985">p.435.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021986">Terra Armenia. </s> <s id="s.021987">p.436.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021988">Terræ motus miracula. </s> <s id="s.021989">p.400.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021990">Terræmotus cauſæ. </s> <s id="s.021991">p.400.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021992">Terra nulla cur perſpicua. </s> <s id="s.021993">p.454.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021994">Quid ſit ſub terra. </s> <s id="s.021995">p.402.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021996">Terra veſpertinâ horâ dum viget ſol irriga<lb></lb>tâ areſcunt omnes plantæ & cur. </s> <s id="s.021997">p.689. <lb></lb>col.2 Terræ motus adeò frequentes aliquibus in <lb></lb>locis quid ſignificent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021998">p.278.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.021999">Terræ motus ſigna. </s> <s id="s.022000">p.401.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022001">Terra ardens vt candela. </s> <s id="s.022002">p.8.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022003">Terra quæ ſine aqua fertilis eſt. </s> <s id="s.022004">p.8.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022005">Terrarum genera. </s> <s id="s.022006">p.403.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022007">Terra male olens. </s> <s id="s.022008">p.435.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022009">Terræ rotunditas à Philoſopho comprobatur, <lb></lb>& à Ptolomæo declarata eſt. </s> <s id="s.022010">pagin. </s> <s id="s.022011">683. <lb></lb>col.2 Terra cum aqua quomodo ſe habeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022012">pag.7. <lb></lb>col.2 Teſta ardens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022013">p.15.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022014">Teſta intecta vnica trium ſunt generum & <lb></lb>qualia. </s> <s id="s.022015">p.122.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022016">Teſtitudo. </s> <s id="s.022017">p.519.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022018">Quæ vna teſta teguntur ſex differentiis con<lb></lb>tineri demonſtratur, & quibus. </s> <s id="s.022019">pag.124. <lb></lb>col.1 Teſtudines vnguem in cauda habentes, eo<lb></lb>rumque proprietates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022020">p.89.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022021">Teſtudinum deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.022022">p.137.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022023">Teſtis dexter Pardi, maxime efficiax eſt ad <lb></lb>prouocandos mulierum menſes. </s> <s id="s.022024">p.640.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022025">Theatra bina cum ſcena complentia amphi<lb></lb>theatrum. </s> <s id="s.022026">p.620.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022027">Theonis laus. </s> <s id="s.022028">p.634.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022029">Thermæ an arte poſſint confici. </s> <s id="s.022030">p.632.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022031">Theſauri. </s> <s id="s.022032">p.340.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022033">Theſaurorum inuentio. </s> <s id="s.022034">p.310.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022035">Theſaurus in templo Beati Dionyſij Lute<lb></lb>tiâ non procul ab vrbe. </s> <s id="s.022036">p.341.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022037">Quæ in Theſauris ſeruanda. </s> <s id="s.022038">p.340.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022039">Thoracum mirabilium ſtructura. </s> <s id="s.022040">p.619.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022041">Thoraces ſericei vt diutiſſimè durent quid <lb></lb>ſit faciendum. </s> <s id="s.022042">p.255.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022043">Thus. </s> <s id="s.022044">p.486.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022045">Thus Æthiopicum nobiliſſimum. </s> <s id="s.022046">pag. </s> <s id="s.022047">486. <lb></lb>col.2 Tiburo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022048">p.554.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022049">Tigna an ſolida. </s> <s id="s.022050">p.254.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022051">Tigna ne vitentur. </s> <s id="s.022052">p.254.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022053">Timoris, iræ, triſtitiæ, lætitiæ, ſpei, odij, ve<lb></lb>recundiæ, Cæterorumque animi motuum <lb></lb>effectus. </s> <s id="s.022054">p.585.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022055">Timentes cur impalleſcant, Hectici cur ex <lb></lb>timore & triſtitia. </s> <s id="s.022056">p.42.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022057">Tincarum duo mira. </s> <s id="s.022058">p.142.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022059">Quatuor in tinctura obſeruanda proprietas <lb></lb>ſcilicet materiæ, mixtio, Coctio, Mora & <lb></lb>tempus. </s> <s id="s.022060">p.267.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022061">Tineæ oriuntur & conſeruantur ſub niue. </s> <s id="s.022062">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022063">89.col.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022064">Tineæ & alopeciæ. </s> <s id="s.022065">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022066">Tineæ aptiſſimæ in maculis detergendis & <lb></lb>quate. </s> <s id="s.022067">p.121.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022068">Tofus quomodo generetur. </s> <s id="s.022069">p.680.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022070">Tonitru diuturnum quid ſignificet. </s> <s id="s.022071">pag.300. <lb></lb>col.1 Tonitru vnde fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022072">p.666.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022073">Topazij vis. </s> <s id="s.022074">p.467.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022075">Topazius inter gemmas molliſſimus, pòſt <lb></lb>Chryſtallus. </s> <s id="s.022076">p.52.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022077">Topozius qui eſt vere Chryſolittius. </s> <s id="s.022078">p.466. <lb></lb>col.2 Torpedo ſolo tactu omnia congelat latitat in <lb></lb>arena, mortuæ ſimilis vt piſces prætereun<lb></lb>tes decipiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022079">p.118.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022080">Torpori ſanando quid plurimum conferat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022081">p.170.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022082">Trabes mutuo ſe ſuſtinentes. </s> <s id="s.022083">p.629.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022084">Trachurus lineam habet obliquam à capite <lb></lb>ad caudam vtrinque extenſam, oſſiculis <lb></lb>adeo horridam vt ſerra videatur. </s> <s id="s.022085">p.138.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022086">Trahere in pellem quid ipſi artifices appel<lb></lb>lent. </s> <s id="s.022087">p.207.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022088">Trahendi impellendique maxima paruis vi<lb></lb>ribus ratio. </s> <s id="s.022089">p.621.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022090">Tremuli motus effectus. </s> <s id="s.022091">p.401.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022092">Trianguli ſignificata. </s> <s id="s.022093">p.287.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022094">Trifolium cur criſpetur ſub procellarum ad<lb></lb>uentu. </s> <s id="s.022095">p.605.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022096">Trigla & eius vis, dictus eſt hic piſcis trigla <lb></lb>quod ter in anno pariat. </s> <s id="s.022097">p.118.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022098">Trinitatis flos deſcribitur. </s> <s id="s.022099">p.55.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022100">Triorchis herbæ & accipitis mirus conſen<lb></lb>ſus. </s> <s id="s.022101">p.64.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022102">Trithemij ſtulta inuentio. </s> <s id="s.022103">p.234.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022104">Triticum an vileſcet. </s> <s id="s.022105">p.317.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022106">Triton. </s> <s id="s.022107">p.537.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022108">Quomodo triticum in horreis corrumpatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022109">p.683.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022110">Truncus & ſtipes quid ſint. </s> <s id="s.022111">p.694.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022112">Trigonorum priuilegium. </s> <s id="s.022113">p.597.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022114">Triticum in ſcotia non prouenit. </s> <s id="s.022115">pag. </s> <s id="s.022116">694. <lb></lb>col.1 Tuba nauium quomodo ſit fabricanda vt <lb></lb>naues aquâ periclitantes euacuare poſſint, <lb></lb>eius figura oſtenditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022117">p.361.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022118">Tubæ haurientes aquas. </s> <s id="s.022119">p.362.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022120">Tubarum ſonus perpetuus. </s> <s id="s.022121">p.219.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022122">Tubera vnde generentur. </s> <s id="s.022123">p.696.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022124">Tumbez Regio & illius deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.022125">pag. </s> <s id="s.022126">12. <lb></lb>col.1 Turbinum deſcriptio, illorumque diuiſio in <lb></lb>tria genera. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022127">p.122.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022128">Turbinata, tanto ſunt turbinibus obtuſiora, <lb></lb>quanto cochleæ, eorum deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.022129">p.123. <lb></lb>col.1 Turbinata cur operculo indiguerint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022130">p.129. <lb></lb>col.1 Turſionis forma, Diepæ in Neuſtria, multi <lb></lb>ſunt vnus in ſancto Valerio captus fuit qui <lb></lb>mille libras ſuperabat, deſcriptio illius & <lb></lb>proprietates eius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022131">p.121.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022132">Trutta Piſcis cui ſit ſimilis, vbinam naſcatur, <lb></lb>eius cauda breuis, lata non diuiſa, ſalmo<lb></lb>nis verò longa gracilis, bifida. </s> <s id="s.022133">p.135.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022134">Tympani mirum. </s> <s id="s.022135">p.303.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022136">Typhle quæ à nullo attingitur piſce. </s> <s id="s.022137">p.77.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022138">Typographicæ artis laus. </s> <s id="s.022139">p.258.c.21 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022140"><emph type="center"></emph>V.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022141">Vaccæ mira fæcunditas. </s> <s id="s.022142">p.77.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022143">Vaccæ immenſæ magnitudinis. </s> <s id="s.022144">p.82.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022145">Vaccæ iuxta Darineem, aurium maxima lon<lb></lb>gitudine & cum promuſcide inueniuntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022146">p.101.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/401.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022147">Vacuum non eſſe certiſſimis demonſtratur <lb></lb>argumentis. </s> <s id="s.022148">p.359.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022149">Valetudo ex quibus cauſis certiſſimè poſſit <lb></lb>coniectari. </s> <s id="s.022150">p.288.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022151">Varia mira de hominum natura. </s> <s id="s.022152">p.164.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022153">Varia ignium vis ex applicatione. </s> <s id="s.022154">p.387.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022155">Varia humanæ naturæ miracula. </s> <s id="s.022156">p.165.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022157">Varietas mira achatis. </s> <s id="s.022158">p.465.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022159">Variæ actiones plurium hominum mirabiles <lb></lb>& memoratu dignæ. </s> <s id="s.022160">p.240.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022161">Vas cum folliculis ſemper mobilibus. </s> <s id="s.022162">p.343. <lb></lb>col.2 Vaſa quæ vinum remittunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022163">p.65.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022164">Vaſorum deſtillariorum genera. </s> <s id="s.022165">p.613.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022166">Quatuor cauſæ quibus fit, vt vas cinere ple<lb></lb>num tantumdem aquæ excipiat quantum <lb></lb>vacuum poſſet continere. </s> <s id="s.022167">p.440.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022168">Vaſa ne frangantur igni expoſita. </s> <s id="s.022169">p.245.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022170">Vaſa vento a. </s> <s id="s.022171">p.245.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022172">Vaſorum diſtillatoriorum nomina & figura. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022173">p.615.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022174">Vaſis vinariis ſarciendis quid faciendum ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022175">p.253.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022176">Vaſa pro metallis liquandis. </s> <s id="s.022177">p.615.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022178">Vaſa coquinaria quænam in alia ſint præſtan<lb></lb>tiſſima. </s> <s id="s.022179">p.215.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022180">Vaſa vitrea quæ vix franguntur. </s> <s id="s.022181">p.245 c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022182">Vaſa æqualia quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.022183">p.251.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022184">Vaſa figulina optima. </s> <s id="s.022185">p.435.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022186">Vates & Sybilæ. </s> <s id="s.022187">p.607.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022188">Vaticiniorum exempla ex extis egregia. </s> <s id="s.022189">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022190">649.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022191">Vates admirabiles. </s> <s id="s.022192">p.644.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022193">Quæ vati ſint obſeruanda. </s> <s id="s.022194">p.272.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022195">Vela magna tutiora paruis à fractura. </s> <s id="s.022196">p.623. <lb></lb>col.1 Ratio generalis augendi & minuendi veloci<lb></lb>tatem motuum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022197">p.186.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022198">Venatio cum bobus. </s> <s id="s.022199">p.94.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022200">Venena eſſe quæ actu ſolo occidunt demon<lb></lb>ſtratur. </s> <s id="s.022201">p.397.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022202">Venenoſæ plantæ quæ ſint. </s> <s id="s.022203">p.483.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022204">Venenorum ratio triplex. </s> <s id="s.022205">p.397.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022206">Venenum quod ſtatim occidit. </s> <s id="s.022207">p.397.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022208">Venena quæ ad tempus occidunt. </s> <s id="s.022209">p.397.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022210">Venefico an vis adſit. </s> <s id="s.022211">p.649.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022212">Veneficium maximum. </s> <s id="s.022213">p.293.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022214">Veneficiorum genera & ſpecies. </s> <s id="s.022215">p.643.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022216">Ventres in Biſulcis quatuor. </s> <s id="s.022217">p.103.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022218">Ventorum originem difficillimum eſt ſentire <lb></lb>& quare. </s> <s id="s.022219">p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022220">Ventorum ſigna. </s> <s id="s.022221">p.307.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022222">Venti ſereni tres ſunt <emph type="italics"></emph>Boreas, Circius<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Co<lb></lb>rus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.6.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022223">Venti humidi tres, <emph type="italics"></emph>Lybs, Cæcias<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Subſolanus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022224">Venti ſicci <emph type="italics"></emph>Corus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Curus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ei in fine oppoſi<lb></lb>tus. </s> <s id="s.022225">p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022226">Venti nebuloſi <emph type="italics"></emph>Boreas<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & Aquilo. </s> <s id="s.022227">p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022228">Venti frigidiſſimi & grandinoſi <emph type="italics"></emph>Boreas, Cir<lb></lb>cius<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> & <emph type="italics"></emph>Corus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022229">Venti æſtuoſi <emph type="italics"></emph>Auſter, Eurus, Phænicius<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022230">Venti calidi. </s> <s id="s.022231">p.6.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022232">Ventorum vires. </s> <s id="s.022233">p.605.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022234">Ventorum vis maxima & vnde. </s> <s id="s.022235">p.25.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022236">Ventorum dignotio vnde p.391.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022237">Ventorum ſignificata. </s> <s id="s.022238">p.276.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022239">Ventorum cauſæ & ratio. </s> <s id="s.022240">p.5.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022241">Venti futuri ſignum. </s> <s id="s.022242">p.412.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022243">Venus plumbum album generat. </s> <s id="s.022244">p.309.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022245">Veneris & Mercurij propria. </s> <s id="s.022246">p.29.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022247">Quomodo imaginando venus excitetur. </s> <s id="s.022248">p.572 <lb></lb>col.1 Veneris damna. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022249">p.557.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022250">Veneris perfecta voluptas tria deſiderat. </s> <s id="s.022251">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022252">571.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022253">Venerem quæ multum excitent. </s> <s id="s.022254">p.173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022255">Vergiliarum herbarum mirum plin. </s> <s id="s.022256">lib. 18. <lb></lb>cap.27.p.434.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022257">Veritatis cultoribus & doctis ſcripſit Car<lb></lb>danus. </s> <s id="s.022258">p.688.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022259">Vermes in cerui capite. </s> <s id="s.022260">p.102.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022261">Vermes ſtagnorum ac maris ſunt inteſtinis <lb></lb>ſimiles, ſola arenâ tamen veſcuntur. </s> <s id="s.022262">p.124 <lb></lb>col.2 Vermis pedes habens quadraginta quatuor <lb></lb>& cur diuiſus moueatur & quomodo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022263">p.80. <lb></lb>col.1 Vermes è pilis equinis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022264">p.88.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022265">Quidam ob vermes Germanicâ linguâ loque<lb></lb>batur cum nunquam eam didiciſſet. </s> <s id="s.022266">p.164. <lb></lb>col.1 Vermes & Plantas quomodo naturâ generet. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022267">p.691.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022268">Vermis cedri oritur in fabæ longitudine, ca<lb></lb>pite formicæ, ſed depreſſo, corpore rotun<lb></lb>do duobus in anteriore parte circulis, ter<lb></lb>nis vtrimque ſed iuxta caput pedibus. </s> <s id="s.022269">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022270">85.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022271">Veronæ laus. </s> <s id="s.022272">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022273">Verruces tollendi modus omnium ſuperſti<lb></lb>tioſiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.022274">p.173.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022275">Vernicum caudæ immenſi ponderis. </s> <s id="s.022276">p.522. <lb></lb>col.2 Veſpaſiani Imperatoris dictum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022277">Aurum ex <lb></lb>vrinæ vectigalibus collectum vrinam olet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022278">p.675.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022279">Veſpertillio. </s> <s id="s.022280">p.520. & 521.c.1. & 2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022281">Veſpertilliones vbi non ſint. </s> <s id="s.022282">p.92.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022283">Veſtes ſi diſſuantur quid præſtandum. </s> <s id="s.022284">p.254. <lb></lb>col.2 Veſtigia cutis quomodo tollantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022285">p.564.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022286">Veſpæ & modus capiendi eas. </s> <s id="s.022287">p.87.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022288">Viarum quatuor naturalia impedimenta, pri<lb></lb>mum torrentes, ſecundum montes, tertium <lb></lb>paludes, quartum denique ſolitudines de<lb></lb>ſertiſſimæ. </s> <s id="s.022289">p.229.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022290">Victima ſine corde quid apud Antiquos ſi<lb></lb>gnificare ſoleret. </s> <s id="s.022291">p.297.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022292">Victoriæ præſagia. </s> <s id="s.022293">p.284.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022294">Vina Italica præſtantiora antiquo tempore. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022295">p.71.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022296">Vino quatuor principaliter contingunt. </s> <s id="s.022297">p.71. <lb></lb>col.1 Vinum quadrifariàm fit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022298">p.68.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022299">Vinum cur igne in acetum tranſeat. </s> <s id="s.022300">p.68.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022301">Vinaria vaſa quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.022302">p.243.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022303">Vinum corruptum quomodo emendetur. </s> <s id="s.022304">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022305">438.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022306">Vinum adulteratum quomodo dignoſcatur <lb></lb>mel & oleum adulterata quomodo depre<lb></lb>hendantur. </s> <s id="s.022307">p.439.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022308">Vinum quomodo reddatur odoratum. </s> <s id="s.022309">p.439. <lb></lb>col.1 Vinorum Hippocraticorum ſeu artificioſo<lb></lb>rum natura deſcribitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022310">p.203.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022311">Quo pacto vinum miſcendum. </s> <s id="s.022312">p.438.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022313">Vinum & acetum. </s> <s id="s.022314">p.68.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022315">Vina è ceraſis dulcibus & acidis quomodo <lb></lb>fieri poſſint. </s> <s id="s.022316">p.265.c.2 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/402.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022317">Vini conſiderationes non inutiles. </s> <s id="s.022318">p.68.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022319">Vinum an duraturum ſit. </s> <s id="s.022320">p.70.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022321">Vinum Græcum quomodo fiat. </s> <s id="s.022322">p.70.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022323">Vinorum diuerſa genera. </s> <s id="s.022324">p.69.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022325">Vinorum variæ mutationes. </s> <s id="s.022326">p.69.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022327">Vina ſterilitatem & abortum facientia. </s> <s id="s.022328">p.68. <lb></lb>col.1 Vinum aſperum vt miteſcat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022329">p.70.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022330">Violentia abſque ſeparatione octo modi. </s> <s id="s.022331">p.37. <lb></lb>col.2 Viperæ piſces & plantæ quamuis tactu fri<lb></lb>gidæ videantur non tamen ſuo calore na<lb></lb>turali carent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022332">p.690.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022333">Viperæ, lybicæ. </s> <s id="s.022334">p.534.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022335">Vir edens lac copioſum. </s> <s id="s.022336">p.559.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022337">Viri in ſubtilitate præſtantes. </s> <s id="s.022338">p.607.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022339">Vir aſperam arteriam oſſeam habens per <lb></lb>quam bis fuerat à publico ſupplicio conſer<lb></lb>uatus ſed tertiò ſuſpenſus ſtatim periit. </s> <s id="s.022340">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022341">281.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022342">Viri à publico ſuplicio plurimi quomodo fue<lb></lb>runt ſeruati. </s> <s id="s.022343">p.281.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022344">Vir Probus Diuis maxime ſimilis. </s> <s id="s.022345">p.661.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022346">Viridarij amœniſſimi deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.022347">p.264.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022348">Virgæ pulcherrimæ. </s> <s id="s.022349">p.537.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022350">Vires quomodo poſſint corroborari & auge<lb></lb>ri ſeu conduplicari. </s> <s id="s.022351">p.197.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022352">Vires, odor & ſapor rerum quomodo confe<lb></lb>ſtim in liquorem transfundantur; & tres <lb></lb>modi aſſignantur. </s> <s id="s.022353">p.195.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022354">Viſcaria animal ſimile lepori ſed collo ob<lb></lb>longo, & carne guſtui iucunda. </s> <s id="s.022355">p.93.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022356">Viſci compoſitio p.484.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022357">Vis admirabilis Aſtritis. </s> <s id="s.022358">p.465.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022359">Viſus falſa cauſa & ſpectra. </s> <s id="s.022360">p.301.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022361">Viſum fieri in humore aqueo probatur. </s> <s id="s.022362">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022363">570.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022364">Vita longæua progenitorum authoris. </s> <s id="s.022365">p.558. <lb></lb>col.1 Vita hominis annis centum & viginti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022366">p.562 <lb></lb>col.2. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022367">Vitæ longæuæ quorumdam animalium par<lb></lb>uorum. </s> <s id="s.022368">p.558.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022369">Vita Deorum qualis. </s> <s id="s.022370">p.661.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022371">Vitam longam quid efficiat & in longiſſi<lb></lb>mum æuum producat. </s> <s id="s.022372">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022373">Vitarum munera & nomina. </s> <s id="s.022374">p.662.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022375">Vitiligo ex equis in homines tranſit. </s> <s id="s.022376">p.551. <lb></lb>col.1 Vitruuij laus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022377">p.608.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022378">Vitri & cornuum diſcrimen. </s> <s id="s.022379">p.36.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022380">Vitrum ob tenuitatem ſubſtantiæ, vbi à fri<lb></lb>gore concreuit ductile nullo modo manet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022381">p.36.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022382"><expan abbr="Vitrũ">Vitrum</expan> in quo genere <expan abbr="reponẽdum">reponendum</expan> ſit. </s> <s id="s.022383">p.36.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022384">Vitrum vas duplicatum. </s> <s id="s.022385">p.303.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022386">Vitarum delectatio qualis. </s> <s id="s.022387">p.661.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022388">Vitrum in hyeme ſub niuibus poſitum gene<lb></lb>rat aquam. </s> <s id="s.022389">p.208.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022390">Vitrum vt diuidatur quid agendum ſit. </s> <s id="s.022391">p.254. <lb></lb>col.2 Vitri viridis conficiendi mirabilis ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022392">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022393">208.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022394">Vitrum variis diſtinctum lineis quomodo <lb></lb>fiat. </s> <s id="s.022395">p.209.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022396">Vitri artificia. </s> <s id="s.022397">p.208.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022398">Vitrum cur liquefactum minus luceat. </s> <s id="s.022399">p.35. <lb></lb>col.1 Vitrum quibus ſit inferius gemmis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022400">p.208.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022401">Vitrum vt facillime molleſcat quid ſit agen<lb></lb>dum. </s> <s id="s.022402">pag.209.col.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022403">Vitri miraculum. </s> <s id="s.022404">p.209.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022405">Vitulus Biceps quando viſus fuerit, eius na<lb></lb>tura fusè deſcripta. </s> <s id="s.022406">p.281.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022407">Vitulus Oceanicus longè alius eſt à vitulo <lb></lb>Mediterraneo. </s> <s id="s.022408">p.700.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022409">Vituli tria genera ſunt. </s> <s id="s.022410">p.700.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022411">Vituli marini mira natura, variæque vires. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022412">p.539.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022413">Vituli marini mores. </s> <s id="s.022414">p.143.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022415">Viuella. </s> <s id="s.022416">p.540.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022417">Viuum quomodo à mortuo facilè dignoſca<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.022418">p.307.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022419">Viuentium facultates tres principales & <lb></lb>quatuor ſeruientes. </s> <s id="s.022420">p.634.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022421">Viui argenti, & aquæ comparatio, & qua<lb></lb>druplex ſimilitudo. </s> <s id="s.022422">p.448.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022423">Viuum argentum tenaciſſimum. </s> <s id="s.022424">p.448.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022425">Vmbilici marini lapidea ſunt prorſus duritie, <lb></lb>à forma & magnitudine p.126.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022426">Vmbilici in ho mimbus dicti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.022427">p.126.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022428">Vmbra nucis cur exitialis. </s> <s id="s.022429">p.488.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022430">Vmbræ cur nigræ videantur. </s> <s id="s.022431">p.420.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022432">Vmbrarum elegantiſſimarum mirabilis ratio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022433">p.264.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022434">Vnde mirabilia hominibus. </s> <s id="s.022435">p.168.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022436">Vnguentum ex cornibus Regium præce<lb></lb>ptum pulchrum. </s> <s id="s.022437">p.243.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022438">Vnguentum quodnam emolliens maxime. </s> <s id="s.022439">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022440">173.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022441">Vnguium veſtigia quid ſignificent vngues <lb></lb>& dentes in quanto tempore mutentur. </s> <s id="s.022442">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022443">649.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022444">Vngues quomodo rubro colore tingantur & <lb></lb>per quid. </s> <s id="s.022445">p.244.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022446">Vnguium maculæ quid ſignificare dicantur <lb></lb>apud Chiromantiæ peritos. </s> <s id="s.022447">p.286.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022448">Vngulæ, Chelæ, pili, cornua, roſtra colorem <lb></lb>ſequuntur cutis. </s> <s id="s.022449">p.539.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022450">Vniuerſum, & quæſtiones ferè omnes quæ <lb></lb>circa illud fieri poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.022451">p.1.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022452">Vniuerſum & partes quibus componitur, quæ <lb></lb>ad vndecim corpora reducuntur. </s> <s id="s.022453">p.1.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022454">Vox ſubmiſſa quomodo facilè poſſit exaudiri. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022455">p.301.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022456">Voces mirabiles quæ non niſi procul au<lb></lb>diuntur quænam ſint. </s> <s id="s.022457">p.300.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022458">Voces vt non audiantur. </s> <s id="s.022459">p.53.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022460">Vocum varia ratio. </s> <s id="s.022461">p.300.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022462">Volga flumen viginti oſtiis, quidam dicunt <lb></lb>ſeptuaginta in mare deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.022463">p.17.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022464">Volodimeriæ agri fœcunditas. </s> <s id="s.022465">p.13.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022466">Voluptas dolorem præſupponit. </s> <s id="s.022467">p.573.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022468">Voragines & ſpecus quid portendant. </s> <s id="s.022469">p.278. <lb></lb>col.2 Præceptum ad voluptatem in ſenſilibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022470">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022471">573.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022472">Vormatia vrbs quæ. </s> <s id="s.022473">p.339.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022474">Vortices quomodo fiant. </s> <s id="s.022475">p.23.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022476">Vocis auditæ ac phantaſmatis viſi hiſtoria <lb></lb>miranda. </s> <s id="s.022477">p.299.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022478">Vranoſcopus quaſi cœlum aſpiciens oculos <lb></lb>ſupra caput habet, adeo vorax eſt vt cra<lb></lb>pula diſrumpatur. </s> <s id="s.022479">p.128.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022480">Qui dormiturus tempora linit vpupæ ſangui<lb></lb>ne viſurus eſt in ſomnis mirabilia, quod <lb></lb>tamen à ratione minimè eſt alienum. </s> <s id="s.022481">p. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022482">172.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022483">Vrbs Lycoſura ciuitatum omnium prima. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022484">p.553.c.1 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="016/01/403.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022485">Vrbes aream diſcretam habentes ſeditioni<lb></lb>bus obnoxiæ. </s> <s id="s.022486">p.15.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022487">Vrbes reſque aliæ inſignes. </s> <s id="s.022488">p.338.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022489">Vrbis Cairi origo. </s> <s id="s.022490">p.553.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022491">Vrbis Venetæ laus. </s> <s id="s.022492">p.553.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022493">Vrbium æternatum quinque conditiones. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022494">p.553.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022495">Quatuor Vrbes maximæ orbis. </s> <s id="s.022496">p.553.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022497">Vrbium forma qualis. </s> <s id="s.022498">p.283.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022499">Vrbium nobilitas in quibus conſtet. </s> <s id="s.022500">p.338. <lb></lb>col.2 Vrbium muniendarum ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022501">p.618.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022502">Vrceus vitreus ſolubilis. </s> <s id="s.022503">p.209.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022504">Vrcei qui non ſe mergunt. </s> <s id="s.022505">p.252.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022506">Vt conuerſus vrceus liquorem non effundat <lb></lb>quid ſit agendum. </s> <s id="s.022507">p.254.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022508">Vri. </s> <s id="s.022509">p.533.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022510">Vrina cur procul quam prope ſola inter om<lb></lb>nes liquores ſit ſplendidior vrina aqua le<lb></lb>uior. </s> <s id="s.022511">Cur & quomodo vrina poſſit ventris <lb></lb>inflationi & cur conturbetur. </s> <s id="s.022512">p.632.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022513">Vrinæ quæ non retinentur & cur non reti<lb></lb>neantur. </s> <s id="s.022514">p.169.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022515">Vrſus formicarius. </s> <s id="s.022516">p.537.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022517">Vrſi albi vbi & cur. </s> <s id="s.022518">p.262.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022519">Vrticæ maximæ fusè deſcribuntur earumque <lb></lb>natura abundè tractatur. </s> <s id="s.022520">p.130.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022521">Vrticæ & ſpongiæ inter plantas & animalia <lb></lb>mediæ. </s> <s id="s.022522">p.539.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022523">Vtilitas follium in liquandis metallis. </s> <s id="s.022524">p.387. <lb></lb>col.1 Vtilitas librorum de ſubtilitate. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022525">pag. </s> <s id="s.022526">358. <lb></lb>col.2 Vt res quantum ponderis, in aqua ſuſtineant. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022527">p.372.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022528">Vmbilici in equis quomodo eſſe debeant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.022529">p.99.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022530">Vuæ in arbore quomodo ſeruentur. </s> <s id="s.022531">pag. </s> <s id="s.022532">73. <lb></lb>col.1 Vulgatum axioma. <emph type="italics"></emph>Omni carere culpa debet <lb></lb>is, qui in alium dicere paratus ſit.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> pag.675. <lb></lb>col.1 Vulnerum per corporis partes aliqua ſigna. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022533">p.287.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022534">Vultures. </s> <s id="s.022535">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022536">Vultur auis carniuora, eius plumarum calor <lb></lb>maximus, viſus perſpicax. </s> <s id="s.022537">p.543.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022538"><emph type="center"></emph>X.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022539">Xeme quid ſit, eſt æquale palmo. </s> <s id="s.022540">p.101. <lb></lb>col.2 Xiphius eiuſque natura & deſcriptio illius. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022541">p.117.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022542">Xutæ auis deſcriptio, & proprietates illius, <lb></lb>p.105.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022543">Xyloaloës. </s> <s id="s.022544">p.484.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022545"><emph type="center"></emph>Z.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022546">Zeilam Inſula terreſtris quidam paradi<lb></lb>ſus. </s> <s id="s.022547">p.669.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022548">Zethlandicarum mores ac vita. </s> <s id="s.022549">p.9.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022550">Zethum quare ſeruetur. </s> <s id="s.022551">p.69.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022552">Zethi hibernici natura proprietates, vtilita<lb></lb>tes & locus vbi reperiatur. </s> <s id="s.022553">p.195.c.1 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022554">Zibethus. </s> <s id="s.022555">p.534.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022556">Zing ber. </s> <s id="s.022557">p.485.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022558">Zonæ torrdidæ mirabilia. </s> <s id="s.022559">p.665.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022560">Ziphus. </s> <s id="s.022561">p.537.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022562">Zoroaſtes veneficiorum inuentor. </s> <s id="s.022563">pag. </s> <s id="s.022564">644. <lb></lb>col.2 Zulapium odorem & colorem florum refe<lb></lb>rens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022565">p.265.c.2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.022566"><emph type="center"></emph>FINIS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> </chap> </body> <back></back> </text> </archimedes>