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Removing DESpecs directory which deserted to git
| author | Klaus Thoden <kthoden@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 29 Nov 2017 16:55:37 +0100 |
| parents | 22d6a63640c6 |
| children |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><echo xmlns="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ns/echo/1.0/" xmlns:de="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ns/de/1.0/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:echo="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ns/echo/1.0/" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.0RC"> <metadata> <dcterms:identifier>ECHO:bened_berga_507_it_1579.xml</dcterms:identifier> <dcterms:creator identifier="GND:118859676">Benedetti, Giovanni Battista de</dcterms:creator> <dcterms:contributor>(GND:)</dcterms:contributor> <dcterms:title xml:lang="it">Consideratione d'intorno al discorso della grandezza della terra e dell' acqua di Berga</dcterms:title> <dcterms:date xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">1579</dcterms:date> <dcterms:language xsi:type="dcterms:ISO639-3">ita</dcterms:language> <dcterms:rights>CC-BY-SA</dcterms:rights> <dcterms:license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC-BY-SA</dcterms:license> <dcterms:rightsHolder xlink:href="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de">Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Library</dcterms:rightsHolder> <echodir>/permanent/archimedes_repository/large/bened_berga_507_it_1579</echodir> </metadata> <text xml:lang="it" type="free"> <div xml:id="echoid-div1" type="section" level="1" n="1"><pb file="507.01.001" n="1" rhead="CONSIDERATIONE"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div2" type="section" level="1" n="2"> <head xml:id="echoid-head1" xml:space="preserve">DI GIO. BATTISTA BENEDETTI.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head2" xml:space="preserve">FILOSOFO DEL SERENISS <lb/>S. DVCA DI SAVOIA.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head3" style="it" xml:space="preserve">D'INTORNO AL DISCORSO</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head4" style="it" xml:space="preserve">della grandezza della Terra, & dell' Acqua.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head5" xml:space="preserve">Del Eccellent. Sig. Antonio Berga Filoſofo <lb/>nella vniuerſità di Torino:</head> <figure> <image file="507.01.001-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/507.01.001-01"/> </figure> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div3" type="section" level="1" n="3"> <head xml:id="echoid-head6" xml:space="preserve">IN TORINO.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head7" xml:space="preserve">Preſſo gli heredi del Beuilacqua <lb/>1579.</head> <handwritten/> <pb file="507.01.002" n="2"/> <pb o="3" file="507.01.003" n="3" rhead="CONSIDER ATIONE"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div4" type="section" level="1" n="4"> <head xml:id="echoid-head8" xml:space="preserve">DELLA GRANDEZZA DELLA TERRA <lb/>ET DELL'ACQVA</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head9" style="it" xml:space="preserve">DI GIO. BATTISTA BENEDETTI</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head10" xml:space="preserve">Al Sereniſsimo Signor Carlo Emanuele <lb/>Principe di Piemonte.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1" xml:space="preserve">L'ESSER SI doppò due mila & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2" xml:space="preserve">più an-<lb/>ni ſcoperto con trionfo della verità, che <lb/>la terra è molto maggiore dell'acqua, <lb/>(del cheſi ha da hauer grande obligo tra <lb/>gl'altri al dottiſſimo Signor Aleſſan-<lb/>dro Piccolomini) ha non poco raſſerena <lb/>to, Sereniſſimo Principe, l'animo de piu <lb/>famoſi Filoſofi di noſtra età; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3" xml:space="preserve">iquali, ſi <lb/>come prima non intendeano dipartirſi <lb/>dalla già imbeuuta falſità, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s4" xml:space="preserve">per molti ſecoli adietro, benche <lb/>con inefficaci ragioni difeſa, coſi hora ſi laſciano volenticri per-<lb/>ſuadere il contrario; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s5" xml:space="preserve">poi cheil ſenſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s6" xml:space="preserve">la ragiones' accorda alla <lb/>dimoſtratione del vero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s7" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s8" xml:space="preserve">nella ſcuola de Mathematici per cer-<lb/>tiſſime proue ſi ſcuopre l'antico errore, puotendoſi far fonda-<lb/>mento ſtabile nelle miſure de cieli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s9" xml:space="preserve">della terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s10" xml:space="preserve">Se non che oc-<lb/>corre ben ſpeſſo tra li profeſſori delle ſcientie, quel ch'ogni dì ſi <lb/>vede nelleattioni forenſi, oue niuna cauſa fu gia mai ſi diſperata. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s11" xml:space="preserve">che non trouaſſe alcuno, quale ò per natural malitia, ò per mo-<lb/>ſtrar più il ſuo valore, non ſi perſuadeſſe di difenderla, (come à <lb/>queſto propoſito à punto à di paſſati auuenne, che piacque al Si-<lb/>gnor Antonio Berga ſcriuere & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s12" xml:space="preserve">dare in ſtampa certo ſuo diſcor-<lb/>ſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s13" xml:space="preserve">oue ſi forza contra la fondatiſſima dottrina del ſudetto Si, <lb/>gnor Piccolomini di moſtrar eſſer maggiore l'acqua della terra-<lb/>opinione da Filoſofi antichi Platone & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s14" xml:space="preserve">Ariſtotile già abbraccia <lb/>ta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s15" xml:space="preserve">Di cui ragionandoſi pochi dí ſono alla preſentiadi V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s16" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s17" xml:space="preserve">(la <lb/>quale con l'alto ſuo ingegno inuita i piu eleuati ſpiriti à diſcor- <pb o="4" file="507.01.004" n="4"/> f<unsure/>er d'intorno le più graui materie di tutte le ſcientie & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s18" xml:space="preserve">arti li-<lb/>berali,) reſtò ſeruita, di commandarmi, che hauendoil Signor <lb/>Berga dato in luce it ſuo parere, voleſſi io ancora far paleſe il <lb/>mio, atteſo che già mi ero fatto intendere di concorrere nella <lb/>opinione contraria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s19" xml:space="preserve">da lui condannata-Il che è ſtato cauſa, che <lb/>letto & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s20" xml:space="preserve">conſiderato il diſcorſo di eſſo Signor Berga, di lungo <lb/>via, come deſideroſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s21" xml:space="preserve">obligato di impiegare tutte le mie for-<lb/>ze nel ſeruitio di V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s22" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s23" xml:space="preserve">mi ſia dato à ſcriuer queſti pochi fogli à <lb/>difeſa, non tanto del Piccolomini, (ben che per altro, da me ſom-<lb/>mamente riuerito,) quanto della verità, quale in ogni occaſione <lb/>ſarà ſempre dame ſopra ogni altra coſa, etiandio per l'auuerti-<lb/>mento di Ariſtotile iſteſſo, ſtimata, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s24" xml:space="preserve">oſſeruata. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s25" xml:space="preserve">Et ſarà l'inſtituto <lb/>mio prima di eſaminare le ragioni del Signor Berga, contra la <lb/>maggioranza della terra, in fauore dell'acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s26" xml:space="preserve">poi di diſtendere <lb/>quei ragionamenti, che à fauore della terra io hebbi con V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s27" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s28" xml:space="preserve">ſo <lb/>pra certi miei ſcritti, che priuatamente le diedi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s29" xml:space="preserve">Et acciò ch'al <lb/>mondo ſappia l'origine di queſta noſtra differentia, à fine, che al-<lb/>cun non ſi marauigli, ſeà me più che ad altri ſia dato queſta im-<lb/>preſa, narrarò breuemente in ſoſtanza di quanto mi poſſo ricor-<lb/>dare, che occorſe vna matina del meſedi Agoſto proſſimo paſ-<lb/>ſato, mentre che V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s30" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s31" xml:space="preserve">diſnaua in publico, doue erano molti huo <lb/>mini dotti, trai quali era l'Eccellente Signor Gio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s32" xml:space="preserve">Franceſco <lb/>Arma, l'Eccellente Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s33" xml:space="preserve">Berga, l'Eccellente Signor Goueano, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s34" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>molt'altri bei intelletti, quando piacque à V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s35" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s36" xml:space="preserve">d'incominciar da <lb/>l'Eccellente S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s37" xml:space="preserve">Arma, interrogandolo d'onde naſceua, che tutti <lb/>i fiumi correſſero al mare, il qual Signor Arma ſubito<unsure/> riſpoſe, <lb/>perche vanno al baſſo, io ſoggiunſi poi, dicendo al Signor Arma <lb/>che per maggior intelligentia de molti circonſtanti, egli doueſſe <lb/>diffinire, che coſa voleſſe dir baſſo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s38" xml:space="preserve">alto, intorno al che coſi il <lb/>Signor Arma, come il Signor Berga diſſero diuerſe coſe, delle <lb/>quali non reſtando io ſodisfatto, fui in vn certo modo forzato à <lb/>dire, che baſſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s39" xml:space="preserve">alto non ſignificaua altro, che vna certa rella-<lb/>tione, riſpetto al centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s40" xml:space="preserve">alla circonferentia dell'vniuerſo, co-<lb/>me per eſſempio, che quella coſa ſi direbbe più baſſa dell'altra, <lb/>la qual fuſſe più proſſima al centro del mondo, onde per conſe-<lb/>quentia ſarebbe anco più lontana dalla circonferentia dell'vni-<lb/>uerſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s41" xml:space="preserve">quell'altra ſi chiamarebbe più alta, la qual fuſſe più proſ-<lb/>ſima ad eſſa circonferentia, ouer più lontana dal detto centro.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s42" xml:space="preserve"> <pb o="5" file="507.01.005" n="5"/> Hor da queſto fu dubitato ſopra la riſpoſta del Signor Arma, <lb/>perciò che diceuano alcuni, che la ſuperficie ſcoperta del mare <lb/>era più alta di quella della ſcoperta della terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s43" xml:space="preserve">onde parea, che'l <lb/>Signor Arma non haueſſeben riſpoſto, con dire, che i fiumi an-<lb/>daſſero al baſſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s44" xml:space="preserve">ma negando io ſubito, che detta ſuperficie del <lb/>mare fuſſe più alta della ſuperficie della terra, diſſi, che era più <lb/>baſſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s45" xml:space="preserve">che quella della terra era più alta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s46" xml:space="preserve">al che mi ſi oppoſe <lb/>gagliardamente il Signor Berga, dicendo tutto il contrario, il <lb/>qual ſeguita di tener tuttauia tal opinione, come nel ſuo diſ-<lb/>corſo ſi può chiaramente vedere, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s47" xml:space="preserve">minegaua, che l'iſole fuſſe-<lb/>ro più alte del mare, che le circonda. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s48" xml:space="preserve">Horda queſto ſi venne à <lb/>trattar della grandezza della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s49" xml:space="preserve">dell'acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s50" xml:space="preserve">quandoil Si-<lb/>gnor Berga affirmaua l'acqua eſſer dieci volte maggior della <lb/>terra, al che riſpoſi io, quella opinione eſſer falſiſſima: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s51" xml:space="preserve">anzi, che <lb/>la terra era (ſenza parangone) maggior che l'acqua, doue ſi parlò <lb/>aſſai; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s52" xml:space="preserve">ma perche il tempo era breue, io rimeſſi il Signor Berga à <lb/>ſtudiare il trattato del S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s53" xml:space="preserve">Aleſſandro Piccolomini, ch'egli fa di <lb/>queſta materia, il qual trattato, lodai mo<unsure/>lto, ſaluo in alcune <lb/>coſe, come quella, doue eſſo Signor Piccolominiſi penſa, che <lb/>l'acqua ſia tanto diafana, chei raggi luminoſi del Sole l'haureb-<lb/>be penetrata, la qual coſa, detto Signor Piccolomini dice circa il <lb/>fine del ſuo trattato, il qual errore, il Signor Berga ſubbito beccò <lb/>sù, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s54" xml:space="preserve">l'ha regiſtrato nel ſuo diſcorſo, come ſe'l foſſe ſuo auuerti-<lb/>mento. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s55" xml:space="preserve">Hora egli l'ha ſtudiato, ma non l'ha inteſo (con ſua buo-<lb/>na pace) ſi come leggendo V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s56" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s57" xml:space="preserve">queſto preſente mio diſcorſo, <lb/>potrà ſicuramente chiarirſene. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s58" xml:space="preserve">Io per me poco mi curauo di ſcri-<lb/>uerle contra, quantunque à me toccaſſe, forſi non men, che al S. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s59" xml:space="preserve">Piccolomini, hauendolo io molto lodato, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s60" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo della iſteſſa, <lb/>non opinione, ma (dirò coſi) ſcientia: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s61" xml:space="preserve">perche ſenza ſcriuerle con <lb/>tra, la coſa è per ſe ſteſſa manifeſta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s62" xml:space="preserve">Ma poi che V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s63" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s64" xml:space="preserve">mel'ha com <lb/>meſſo, io non ho potuto mancar di obedirla, replicandole di <lb/>nuouo, che per difeſa della verità, non reſterò di ſcoprire gl'erro-<lb/>ri di chi ſi vogli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s65" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s66" xml:space="preserve">Incominciando adunque dal primo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s67" xml:space="preserve">doue il Signor Berga <lb/>dicedue eſſer i modi, con i quali ſi dice vn corpo eſſer dell'altro <lb/>maggiore: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s68" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s69" xml:space="preserve">queſto, egli piglia dal Piccolomini al 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s70" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s71" xml:space="preserve">nel <lb/>qual luogo parla molto prudentemente, dicendo, <lb/>Che in due modi ſi può ſoſpicare, che s'intenda l'acqua eſſer <pb o="6" file="507.01.006" n="6"/> maggior della terra, cioè, ò conſiderandoſi l'acqua, inquanto <lb/>coprela terra, molto maggior parte ne copra, che diſcoperta ne <lb/>laſci, ouero che ſi conſideti l'acqua coſi verſo la ſuperficie della <lb/>terra, come ancora verſo il profondo di quella, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s72" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s73" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s74" xml:space="preserve">Ma parlando propriamente, non cen è altro che vno, il qual ſia <lb/>il vero, imperò che la vera quantità d'alcun corpo non ſi miſura <lb/>ſolamente con doi dimenſioni, cioe ſuperficialmente, ma con <lb/>tre, cioè corporeamente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s75" xml:space="preserve">al'hora propriamente vn corpo ſarà <lb/>maggior dell'altro, quando quel che ſi dice eſſer maggiore, occu <lb/>perà maggior interuallo corporeo di quel, che l'altro detto mi-<lb/>nore riempirà, i quali interualli, ridutti che fuſſero ſotto figura <lb/>sferica, quel del corpo maggiore, haurebbe maggior diametro <lb/>di quel del corpo minore, ouero ſe fuſſero transformati ſotto fi-<lb/>gura cubica, il cubodel maggior interuallo, ſi produrebbe da <lb/>maggior latodi quel del minore, ouero miſurando corporea-<lb/>mente li detti doi corpi, ſi trouarebbe maggior numero di miſu-<lb/>re corporee, nel maggiore, che nel minore, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s76" xml:space="preserve">di queſta ſpecie <lb/>d'inequalità ſi ha da conſiderare fra la terra & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s77" xml:space="preserve">il mare, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s78" xml:space="preserve">non de <lb/>l'inequalità ſuperficiale, che ſi ſcopre da queſti doi corpi, ſaluo <lb/>che per accidente, cioè, inquanto che co'l mezo di coſi fatta in-<lb/>equalità di dette ſuperficie, ſi poſſa venire in cognitione dell'ine-<lb/>qualità de loro corpi, cioè della lor vera quantità, la qual'è la <lb/>corporea, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s79" xml:space="preserve">non la ſuperficiale, come l'iſteſſo Piccolomini al 7. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s80" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s81" xml:space="preserve">la chiama, cioè, vera quantità, nel qual cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s82" xml:space="preserve">ſi ſerue dell'ine-<lb/>qualità delle ſuperficie, per prouar l'inequalità di detti corpi, ſup <lb/>ponendo anco, che ciaſcun dieſſi ſotto la ſua ſuperficie arriuaſſe <lb/>drittamente ſin'al centro dell'vniuerſo, quantunque intorno à <lb/>queſto egli habbi laſciato di dire, che le parti sferiche piramidali <lb/>terminate dal centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s83" xml:space="preserve">dalla circoferentia d'una medeſma sfera, <lb/>ſiano fra loro proportionate nell'iſteſſo modo, che ſono le lor <lb/>baſi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s84" xml:space="preserve">ciò forſi preſupponendo egli eſſer, da per ſe chiaro à ba-<lb/>ſtanza, ſi come à ciaſcun mediocre filoſofo mathematico è ma-<lb/>nifeſto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s85" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s86" xml:space="preserve">Quando il Sign or Berga poi alla quinta facciata, nell'iſteſſo cap. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s87" xml:space="preserve">dice:</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s88" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s89" xml:space="preserve">Poi che ſecondo il centro, habbia ottenuto profondità mag-<lb/>giore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s90" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s91" xml:space="preserve">Egli s'inganna, perció che queſta non è la ragione, con che<unsure/> <pb o="7" file="507.01.007" n="7"/> il Piccolomini ſi ſtimi la terra eſſer maggiore dell' accqua. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s92" xml:space="preserve">Eſ-<lb/>ſendo ch' egli afferma nel ſettimo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s93" xml:space="preserve">che quando ben l'uno & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s94" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>l'altro di qucſti corpi arriuaſſero drittamente ſin'all'iſteſſo cen <lb/>tro, tuttauia la terra ſarebbe maggior dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s95" xml:space="preserve">dice il vero, <lb/>ſupponendo la ſuperficie ſcoperta della terra eſſer maggior di <lb/>quella dell'acqua, come ſi èoſſeruato.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s96" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s97" xml:space="preserve">Doue poi alla ſettima facciata nel ſecondo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s98" xml:space="preserve">il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s99" xml:space="preserve">Berga reci-<lb/>tail Piccolomini hauer detto, chele parti più eminenti, le mon-<lb/>tagne, i colli, habbiano occupato quaſi la terza parte della faccia <lb/>della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s100" xml:space="preserve">c. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s101" xml:space="preserve">queſto non trouo nel detto Piccolomini, quantun <lb/>que verſo il fine del ſeſto cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s102" xml:space="preserve">egli faccia mentione di valle, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s103" xml:space="preserve">di <lb/>monti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s104" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s105" xml:space="preserve">Nella iſteſſa facciata poi, doueil Signor Berga ſcriue il Picco-<lb/>lo mini hauer detto,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s106" xml:space="preserve">Poi che ſiano ſecondo il ſemidiametro di gran lunga inferiori <lb/>della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s107" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s108" xml:space="preserve">Il Piccolomini non dice queſto perragion della maggioranza <lb/>della terra più che dell'acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s109" xml:space="preserve">auenga, che quand' eſſa acqua arri-<lb/>uaſſe ancoſin' all' iſteſſo centro (ſenza tal parangone d'inequalità <lb/>di ſemidiametri) egli afferma, che la terra ſarebbe maggior del-<lb/>l'acqua. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s110" xml:space="preserve">Ma vuol inferir in queſt altro modo, cioè, che, ſe eſſendo <lb/>vguali li ſemidiametri, la terra tuttauia reſterebbe maggior del-<lb/>l'acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s111" xml:space="preserve">tanto più maggiore reſterà eſſa terra non arriuando l'ac-<lb/>qua ſin'al centro,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s112" xml:space="preserve">Dice poi,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s113" xml:space="preserve">Per il che ſuppone eſſer minore, ſecondo ogni dimĕ ſione l'ac-<lb/>qua della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s114" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s115" xml:space="preserve">Ma e perche non vuol il Signor Berga ch'egl ſupponga quel, <lb/>che ſenſatamente ſi troua? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s116" xml:space="preserve">prima egli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s117" xml:space="preserve">altri ancora han ritro-<lb/>uato la ſuperficie dell'acqua minor della ſuperficie della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s118" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>infiniti altri han ritrouatola profondità dell'acqua eſſer ſenza pa <lb/>rangon minore della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s119" xml:space="preserve">adunque il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s120" xml:space="preserve">Berga non ſe ne doureb-<lb/>be marauigliare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s121" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s122" xml:space="preserve">Nella ottaua facciata poi dice, che la primiera ragion del Pic-<lb/>colomini vien tolta dalla profondità della terra, la qual auanzan <lb/>do quella dell'acque & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s123" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s124" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s125" xml:space="preserve">In queſtos' inganna di gran lunga il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s126" xml:space="preserve">Berga, perciò che non è <lb/>queſta la primiera ragion del Piccolomini, por che'l detto Picco- <pb o="8" file="507.01.008" n="8"/> lomini nel ſettimo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s127" xml:space="preserve">ſopra allegato dice, che quando ben tan-<lb/>to profondaſſe l'acqua, quanto la terra, non dimeno la terra ſa-<lb/>rebbe maggiore, perche la ſuperficie ſcoperta di eſſa terra egli ha <lb/>ritrouata maggiore di quella dell' acque, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s128" xml:space="preserve">queſla è la primiera & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s129" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>ſua principal ragione, cioè, perche la ſuperſicie della terra è mag-<lb/>gior di quella dell'acqua, curandoſi poco della profondità di eſſe <lb/>acque, poi ch'egli ſuppone, che quando ben profondaſſero an-<lb/>co ſin'al centro dell'uniuerſo, non dimenola terra ſarebbe mag-<lb/>gior dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s130" xml:space="preserve">dice il vero.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s131" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s132" xml:space="preserve">Doue poi nell'iſteſſo luogo il Signor Berga dice, <lb/>Ouero ſi conſideril' acqua, ſecondo che la terra ricopre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s133" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s134" xml:space="preserve">Queſto non vuol inferir il Piccolomini, perciò che dalla mag-<lb/>gior profondità della terra, che quella dell'acqua, ſtante la ſuper-<lb/>ficie ſcoperta della terra, maggior che quella dell'acqua: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s135" xml:space="preserve">il Picco-<lb/>lomini argumenta tanto più eſſer maggior la corporeità terre-<lb/>ſtre di quella dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s136" xml:space="preserve">non ſecondo che eſſa acqua ricopre <lb/>la terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s137" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s138" xml:space="preserve">Non ſo medeſimamente d'onde egli caui dal Piccolomini la <lb/>ſeconda ragione, il qual parla ben dell'acque generate dai vapo <lb/>ri nel 12. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s139" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s140" xml:space="preserve">alla pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s141" xml:space="preserve">33. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s142" xml:space="preserve">ma non dice nel modo che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s143" xml:space="preserve">Berga <lb/>recita nella detta ſeconda ragione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s144" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s145" xml:space="preserve">La terza ragione egli piglia da quel che'l Piccolomini dice ver <lb/>ſo il fine della 33. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s146" xml:space="preserve">pag.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s147" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s148" xml:space="preserve">La quarta ragione poi haurà forſi preſa da quel, che'l Piccolo-<lb/>mini dice verſo il fine del ſeſto cap.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s149" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s150" xml:space="preserve">La quinta ragione haurà poi preſa dal fine della 14. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s151" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s152" xml:space="preserve">dal prin <lb/>cipio d ella 15. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s153" xml:space="preserve">pag.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s154" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s155" xml:space="preserve">La ſeſta ragione egli piglia da quel, che'l Piccolomini dice nel <lb/>la 35. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s156" xml:space="preserve">pag.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s157" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s158" xml:space="preserve">La ſettima ragione, io non ſo d'onde ſe la pigli, ſe pur non la <lb/>raccoglie dalle coſe dette da eſſo Piccolomini nell'vltimo cap. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s159" xml:space="preserve">ma non quadra punto quel, che in queſta ſettima ragione dice il <lb/>S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s160" xml:space="preserve">Berga, con quel che dice il Piccolomini in detto cap.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s161" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s162" xml:space="preserve">Nella ottaua ragione il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s163" xml:space="preserve">Berga fa dir al Piccolomini coſa non <lb/>detta da lui coſi ſemplicementc, cioè, che per la maggior profon <lb/>dità della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s164" xml:space="preserve">per la ſua maggior altezza dall'acqua, detta <lb/>terra habbi da reſtar maggiore: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s165" xml:space="preserve">Et io dico, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s166" xml:space="preserve">replico, che'l primo <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s167" xml:space="preserve">principal funda mento del Piccolomini conſiſte nell'eſſer <pb o="9" file="507.01.009" n="9"/> maggior la ſuperficie ſcoperta della terra, che quella dell'acqua: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s168" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s169" xml:space="preserve">perciò non dubita, che la terra non ſia maggiore dell'acqua, <lb/>ancor ch'eſſa acqua fuſſe tanto profonda, quanto eſſa terra, cioè <lb/>ſin'all' iſteſſo centro dell'uniuerſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s170" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s171" xml:space="preserve">Il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s172" xml:space="preserve">Berga citta poi il 14. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s173" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s174" xml:space="preserve">doue non auuertiſſe vn nottabil <lb/>errore di eſſo Piccolomini, d'intorno al diſcorſo, ch'egli fa cõ tra <lb/>quell'altro autore, il qual errore, è alla 26. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s175" xml:space="preserve">linea, al terzo della 37. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s176" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s177" xml:space="preserve">nel qual luogo il Piccolomini dice coſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s178" xml:space="preserve">Et per conſequentia <lb/>la terra ſarà maggior dell'acqua. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s179" xml:space="preserve">Doue egli moſtra eſpreſſamen-<lb/>te di creder, che l'iſteſſa proportione ch'è fra le sfere, ſia fra li lor <lb/>diametri, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s180" xml:space="preserve">moſtra d'hauerſi ſcordato in tutto, di quello, che alla <lb/>24. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s181" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s182" xml:space="preserve">egli hauea prima ſcritto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s183" xml:space="preserve">Il Piccolomini adunque al ter-<lb/>go della 37. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s184" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s185" xml:space="preserve">ſupponendo il centro D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s186" xml:space="preserve">eſſer della grandezza <lb/>dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s187" xml:space="preserve">dentro alla sfera terreſtre, penſa, che in ogni modo <lb/>ſia cagione, che la terra venghi à ſuperar di grandezza l'acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s188" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>quaſi che ſe'l punto D, come centro della sfera acquea, fuſſe vno <lb/>iſteſſo co'l punto E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s189" xml:space="preserve">eſtremo del diametro terreſtre, la sfera <lb/>A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s190" xml:space="preserve">G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s191" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s192" xml:space="preserve">doueſſe eſſer doppia alla sfera A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s193" xml:space="preserve">B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s194" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s195" xml:space="preserve">il che non può au-<lb/>uenire, quando ben la proportione del diametro A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s196" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s197" xml:space="preserve">al diame-<lb/>tro A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s198" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s199" xml:space="preserve">fuſſe la ſuperbipartiensſeptimas, la qual ſarebbe minor <lb/>di ſeſquitertia; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s200" xml:space="preserve">di maniera, che quã do ben D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s201" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s202" xml:space="preserve">fuſſe anco mag-<lb/>gior della mità di D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s203" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s204" xml:space="preserve">tutta uia la terra ſarebbe minor dell'ac-<lb/>qua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s205" xml:space="preserve">perciò che la proportione dupla, è men che tripla, alla pro-<lb/>portion ſuperbipartiĕ s ſeptimas; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s206" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s207" xml:space="preserve">più che tripla, alla ſeſquiquar <lb/>ta, onde, ſe'l Piccolomini haueſſe ſuppoſto, che la proportione <lb/>di D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s208" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s209" xml:space="preserve">al C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s210" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s211" xml:space="preserve">fuſſe ſtata ſeſquiquarta, egli hauerebbe hauuto ra <lb/>gione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s212" xml:space="preserve">ma per dir, che ritrouandoſi il punto D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s213" xml:space="preserve">(in qual ſi vogli <lb/>modo) dentro alla sfera terreſtre, eſſa sfera, habbi da eſſer mag-<lb/>gior dell'acqua, queſto non è vero.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s214" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s215" xml:space="preserve">La conſequentia poi, che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s216" xml:space="preserve">Berga fa nell'iſteſſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s217" xml:space="preserve">11. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s218" xml:space="preserve">facciata; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s219" xml:space="preserve">doue dice, che appreſſo il Piccolomini, la concentricità della ter-<lb/>ra con l'acqua, è argomento della maggioranza della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s220" xml:space="preserve">poi <lb/>che ſtjma che & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s221" xml:space="preserve">c. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s222" xml:space="preserve">queſto nõ èvero: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s223" xml:space="preserve">prima, perche può molto ben <lb/>ſtare, che doi corpi ſiano concentrici, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s224" xml:space="preserve">che l'eſterior ſia mag-<lb/>gior dell'interiore, come ſi ſtima eſſer quel, che ſi chiama fuoco, <lb/>in coſi fatto orbe, eſſer maggior dell'orbe aereo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s225" xml:space="preserve">ouero, ſe ambi <lb/>due fuſſero parti d'una medeſma sfera, come il Piccolomini al 7. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s226" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>capo ſuppone dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s227" xml:space="preserve">della terra, affermando quel di que- <pb o="10" file="507.01.010" n="10"/> ſtidouer eſſer maggiore, che maggior portion della circonferen-<lb/>tia sferica haurà per ſua baſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s228" xml:space="preserve">Madoueil S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s229" xml:space="preserve">Berga dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s230" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s231" xml:space="preserve">Poiche ſtima, che il centro della grauezza, ſia il centro dell'u-<lb/>niuerſo, al quale andarebbono tutti i corpi graui, ſe dalla terra <lb/>non ſuſſero impediti & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s232" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s233" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s234" xml:space="preserve">Adunque il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s235" xml:space="preserve">Berga non ſtima, che'l centro dalla gtauezza, <lb/>cioè il punto al qual inclinano i corpi graui, ſia il centro dell'uni-<lb/>uerſo? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s236" xml:space="preserve">imperò che il centro dell'uniuerſo ſi può molto ben chia-<lb/>mar centro di grauezza, quantunque la terra, come corpo gra-<lb/>ue habbia il centro particolare della grauezza ſua, il quale con-<lb/>giuntamente ſi vniſſe co'l centro dell'uniuerſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s237" xml:space="preserve">tuttauia ſorio <lb/>dui punti differenti per ragione l'un dall'altro, ſe ben ottengono <lb/>vn iſteſſo ſito, onde ben diſſe Ariſtotile nel 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s238" xml:space="preserve">del cielo, che per <lb/>accidentei corpi graui vadino verſo il centro della terra, poi che <lb/>coſi fatto centro, è unitamente congiunto co l centro dell'uni-<lb/>uerſo, al qua'l per lor natura i detti corpi graui inclinano, per il <lb/>che, molto ben ſi può dire adunque in queſto modo, che'l centro <lb/>della grauezza della terra ſia il centro del mondo, cioè dell'uni-<lb/>uerſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s239" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s240" xml:space="preserve">Ne manco è vera la conſequentia, che fail S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s241" xml:space="preserve">Berga nell'iſteſſo <lb/>luogo, douedice,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s242" xml:space="preserve">Et à queſto vuole, che ſeguiti in ogni modo, che il centro del-<lb/>la grauezza, ſia vn medeſmo co'l centro della grandezza, an-<lb/>cor che & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s243" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s244" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s245" xml:space="preserve">Queſto non è vero dico, poi che il Piccolomini moſtra di non <lb/>tener queſto per fermo, alla prima facciata della 37. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s246" xml:space="preserve">pag & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s247" xml:space="preserve">nel <lb/>principio dell'ultimo cap anzi piu toſto, moſtra d hauer contra-<lb/>ria opinione in coſi fatto lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s248" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s249" xml:space="preserve">maſſime, doue nella 37. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s250" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s251" xml:space="preserve">dice,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s252" xml:space="preserve">Non dimeno ha in ſe diſtinto il centro della grandezza, da <lb/>quello della grauezza,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s253" xml:space="preserve">Et anco più chiaramente eſprime queſta ſua opinione nel prin <lb/>cipio dell'ultimo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s254" xml:space="preserve">Ma doue il Piccolomini vuol diffender <lb/>la diafaneità dell'acqua, co'l penſar che i raggi del Sole la pene-<lb/>trarebbono in tanta profondità, egli s'ingã na, ſi com'io aduertí il <lb/>S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s255" xml:space="preserve">Berga in preſentia di V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s256" xml:space="preserve">A & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s257" xml:space="preserve">in publico, due volte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s258" xml:space="preserve">il qual Pic-<lb/>colomini al tergo della 40. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s259" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s260" xml:space="preserve">dice in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s261" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s262" xml:space="preserve">Et non può ragioneuolmente ſtimare alcuno, che l'ombra, <lb/>che fa naſcer gli Eccliſſidella Luna ſia prodotta dalla terra, &</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s263" xml:space="preserve"> <pb o="11" file="507.01.011" n="11"/> dall'acqua inſieme, come da vn corpo aggregato di queſti doi <lb/>elementi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s264" xml:space="preserve">ridotti ad vna cõ mune sfericeità: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s265" xml:space="preserve">perciò che douen-<lb/>doſi l ombra produrre da corpi opaci, la cui opacità gli rende <lb/>ombroſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s266" xml:space="preserve">el'acqua, ch'è corpo diafano, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s267" xml:space="preserve">trã sparente, non potrà <lb/>lungi da ſe mandar alcun'ombra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s268" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s269" xml:space="preserve">Hor qui bene il Piccolomini s'inganna per due ragioni, delle <lb/>quali la prima e, che nell'acqua il raggio non può molto pro-<lb/>fondare per le ragioni, che preſto ſived ranno in vn de miei libri, <lb/>l'altra è, che eſſendo sferica l'acqua del mare, quando ben non li <lb/>fuſſe terra alcuna, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s270" xml:space="preserve">che i raggi ſolari la penetraſſero, à guiſa di <lb/>vna palla di chriſtallo, rompendoſi eſſi raggi, coſi da vna parte, <lb/>come dall'altra della ſuperficie di coſi fatto globo, per la diffe-<lb/>rente diaffaneità fra l'aria & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s271" xml:space="preserve">l'acqua, eſſi raggi s'interſeccarebbo-<lb/>no inſieme, come ſi vede, doppo la palla di chriſtallo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s272" xml:space="preserve">poi paſ-<lb/>ſarebbon, diſgregandoſi, ſin'a tanto, che non haurebbon più for-<lb/>za d illuminare, onde ciaſcuno, che non capiſca queſte ragioni, <lb/>ne può ageuolmente far l'eſperienza con vna caraffa rotonda di <lb/>che grandezza li pare, piena di acqua chiara, iſponendola al Sole, <lb/>ma di qui il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s273" xml:space="preserve">Berga non caua coſa alcuna, ln fauore della ſua <lb/>opinione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s274" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s275" xml:space="preserve">Le ragioni medeſimamente, che'l Piccolomini allega, nell'i-<lb/>ſteſſo luogo, del non veder lume, vno, che ſia nel profondo del <lb/>mare, non vaglion niente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s276" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s277" xml:space="preserve">La príma delle quali è, dou'egli dice, che</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s278" xml:space="preserve">Per laſciar la maggior luce, che è ſopra l'acqua, colui, che s'at-<lb/>tuffa in eſſa, giudica per gran pezza oſcuro il luogo, che è ſotto <lb/>l'acqua, ſi come veggiamo auuenire, che doppo hauer fiſſamen-<lb/>te per buon ſpacio di tempo tenuti gl'occhi nel corpo del Sole, <lb/>leuandogli poi da quello, ci fa parer oſcuro ogni coſa, che noi <lb/>miriamo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s279" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s280" xml:space="preserve">Ma egli non conſidera, che queſta oſcurità, la qual naſce da <lb/>l'hauer guardato nella maggior luce, dura poco, onde preſto ri-<lb/>torniamoà veder come prima: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s281" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s282" xml:space="preserve">chenell'acqua non ſi rirorna <lb/>mai à veder veſtigio (diró coſi) di lume, ſi come habbiamo per <lb/>relatione di quelli, che peſcano le perle, che ſtanno attaccate al <lb/>fondo di quei gran mari delle Ind e, i quali ſtanno cinque, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s283" xml:space="preserve">ſei <lb/>horein quel fondo, cercando eſſe perle, come V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s284" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s285" xml:space="preserve">è molto ben <lb/>informata, da Spagnuoll, che iui ſono ſtati, mediã te quei lor in-<lb/>ſtrumenti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s286" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="12" file="507.01.012" n="12"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s287" xml:space="preserve">La ſecunda ragione di eſſo Piccolominiè, doue dice,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s288" xml:space="preserve">L'altra cauſa del parer oſcuro il luogo ſotto l'acqua, può eſſer <lb/>l'oſtacolo, chehanno l'acque dalla opacità della terra, che è ſot-<lb/>to nel fondodi quelle. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s289" xml:space="preserve">Perciò che, ſi come, ben che il chriſtallo ſia <lb/>trasparente, non dimeno per l'oſtacolo del piombo, ch'egli ſi po <lb/>ne ne gli ſpecchi, fa, che ſenza transfonderſi i raggi viſuali, indie-<lb/>tro ripercoſſi ritornano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s290" xml:space="preserve">coſi ancora quantunque l'acqua ſia cor <lb/>po traſparente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s291" xml:space="preserve">tuttauia, per l'oſtacolo della terra opaca, che ſta <lb/>nelfondo demari, può far parer oſcure quelle parti ſotto l'acqua <lb/>à coloro, che in eſſa ſi attuffano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s292" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s293" xml:space="preserve">Queſtiſono errori del Piccolomini, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s294" xml:space="preserve">non quelli de iquali a <lb/>torto l'incolpa il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s295" xml:space="preserve">Berga.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s296" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s297" xml:space="preserve">In queſta ſeconda ragione, il Piccolomini s'inganna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s298" xml:space="preserve">prima, <lb/>perche, ſe ſin'al fondo del mare, il raggio luminoſo del Sole fuſſe <lb/>atto ad arriuare, colui, che iui ſi troua, guardando in sù, potrebbe <lb/>veder lume, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s299" xml:space="preserve">poi anco guardando verſo il fondo, vederebbe il-<lb/>luminato eſſo fondo, per la reſleſſione del lume dal fondo, per <lb/>l'iſteſſo eſſempio del ſpecchio, addotto dal Piccolomini, il quale <lb/>eſſempio è contra di eſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s300" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s301" xml:space="preserve">S'inganna egli medeſimamente, à dire, chei raggi uiſuali ri-<lb/>percuotano dal ſpecchio, ò dal piombo, dietro del chriſtallo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s302" xml:space="preserve">im-<lb/>però che, non ſono iraggi uiſuali, ma ſono iraggi luminoſi, che <lb/>non da gl'occhial ſpecchio, ma da corpi lucidi, ouer refleſſi da <lb/>altri corpi, riflettanodal ſpecchio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s303" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s304" xml:space="preserve">Ma tornando al propoſito. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s305" xml:space="preserve">Finito che ha il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s306" xml:space="preserve">Berga di recitar <lb/>le miglior ragioni, ch'egli ha potuto cauar dal diſcorſo del Pic-<lb/>colomini, oltre à ciò anco, cittã do il 13. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s307" xml:space="preserve">il 14. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s308" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s309" xml:space="preserve">15. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s310" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s311" xml:space="preserve">incomin-<lb/>cia adurre le ſue proprie, alla facciata 12. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s312" xml:space="preserve">doue dice, in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s313" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s314" xml:space="preserve">La primiera, (cioè ragione) con la quale intendiamo dimo-<lb/>ſtrare queſta verità, ſarà fondata nella ſoſtanza della terra, la qua-<lb/>le non èugualmente graue, nedenſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s315" xml:space="preserve">ben vnita, ſecondo tutte <lb/>le ſue parti, per lo che era neceſſario, che foſſe l'acqua con eſſa lei <lb/>meſcolata, accio che ſi poteſſe con giuſto equilibrio fermare nel <lb/>centro dell'uniuer 10: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s316" xml:space="preserve">Onde che eſſendo l'acqua di gran lunga <lb/>men graue della terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s317" xml:space="preserve">neceſſario è, accioche la poſſa equilibrare, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s318" xml:space="preserve">ſpingendola fermare nel centro del mondo, che in quantità <lb/>auanzi eſſa terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s319" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s320" xml:space="preserve">Hor in queſta prima ragion, egli douea più toſto dire.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s321" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="13" file="507.01.013" n="13"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s322" xml:space="preserve">La qual non è ugualmente denſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s323" xml:space="preserve">per conſequentia, è ine-<lb/>gualmente graue.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s324" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s325" xml:space="preserve">Perciò che, la grauità, ſeguita, (ò vogliam dire) depende dalla <lb/>denſità; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s326" xml:space="preserve">ſi come la leuità ſeguita, ò depende dalla rarità, però <lb/>queſto è poco errore, riſpetto à quel che ſegue. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s327" xml:space="preserve">Ma doue ha egli <lb/>trouato, che ſia ſtato neceſſario, che l'acqua fuſſe meſcolata con <lb/>la terra, à ſin che con giuſto equilibrio ſi poteſſe eſſa terra fermar <lb/>nel centro dell'uniuerſo? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s328" xml:space="preserve">(oue haurebbe fatto meglio à dir, d'in-<lb/>torno al centro dell'uniuerſo) ſtranio concetto veramente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s329" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>vorrei ſaper da lui queſto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s330" xml:space="preserve">poniam per caſo, che l'acqua non vi <lb/>fuſſe, come penſarebbe egli, che la terra ſteſſe ſitua ta, d'intorno al <lb/>detto centro dell'uniucrſo? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s331" xml:space="preserve">cioè, in qual parte di eſſa terra penſa-<lb/>rebbe egli ch'ella riceueſſe coſi fatto punto? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s332" xml:space="preserve">nel mezo della gran <lb/>dezza ſua non già, ſupponendola egli di coſi grande inequalità di <lb/>denſità, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s333" xml:space="preserve">per conſequentia, di coſi grande inequalità di grauità, <lb/>nella ſuperficie ſua manco; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s334" xml:space="preserve">ma per qual cagione non vorrebbe <lb/>egli, che eſſa terra lo riceueſſe nel ſito del centro della ſua grauità, <lb/>equilibrandoſi da per ſe, d'onde il peſo ſuo, circondaſſe ugual-<lb/>mente coſi fatto centro, per il che fare, non ſarebbe neceſſitade <lb/>alcuna dell'acqua, la qual acqua poi ſopragiungendo ad eſſa ter-<lb/>ra, in modo, che non ſi poteſſe ſparger ſopra la ſuperficie ſua; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s335" xml:space="preserve">ma reſtaſſe tutta da vn canto, ſpingendo eſſa terra, ſenza dubbio <lb/>ſarebbe cagione di ſeparar il centro della grauezza di eſſa terra, <lb/>dal centro dell'uniuerſo, nel qual caſo, la terra non ſi potrebbe <lb/>chiamare equilibrata, anzi ſarebbe fuor dell'equilibrio ſuo, s'egli <lb/>conſideraſſe almeno, largo modo, per eſſempio, la ſtatera, ouer <lb/>bilancia, la qual allhora ſi chiama equilibrata, quando per virtù <lb/>dei peſi attaccati nelle eſtremità dei brazzi proportionati fra lo-<lb/>ro come ſi ricerca, eſſa ſtatera, ouer bilancia ſta paralella all'ori-<lb/>zonte, ſenza inclinar più da vna parte, che dall'altra, quantunque <lb/>le materie di detti peſi, fuſſero di diuerſa denſità.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s336" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s337" xml:space="preserve">Ma, ſe per ſorte diceſſe il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s338" xml:space="preserve">Berga, la natura hauer congiunto <lb/>l'acqua alla terra, dalla parte più rara, ò men denſa di eſſa terra, <lb/>in modo tale, che non ſi poteſſe ſparger d'intorno alla ſuper-<lb/>ficie di detta terra, à ciò che ſpingendo eſſa terra, faceſſe unita-<lb/>mente congiunger il centro della grandezza ſua, con quel dell'u-<lb/>niuerſo, ne ſeguirebbe, che eſſendo la parte, diametralmente op-<lb/>poſita della terra ( la qual ſarebbe ſcoperta dall'acque ) più <pb o="14" file="507.01.014" n="14"/> denſa, che quella ſopra la qual fuſſe l'acqua, ne ſeguirebbe dico <lb/>effetto contrario in natura da quel che ſi vede, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s339" xml:space="preserve">da quel, che la <lb/>ragion vuole; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s340" xml:space="preserve">perciò che la parte ſcoperta della terra, è ſempre <lb/>più rara, ò men denſa della coperta da l'acque, mercè del calot <lb/>del Sole, oltre che la terra da quella parte, non haurebbe conca-<lb/>uitadi coſi grande, che fuſſero capaci di tanta acqua, quanta vuol <lb/>ſoſtentar il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s341" xml:space="preserve">Berga, che ſia, cioè maggior della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s342" xml:space="preserve">diece vol <lb/>te maggiore. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s343" xml:space="preserve">Et poi per equilibrar vn peſo, non fa di miſtieri d'un <lb/>altro peſo vgual à lui, non che maggior di lui; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s344" xml:space="preserve">Ma forſi che'l S. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s345" xml:space="preserve">Berga vuole, che gli ſia tanto peſo d'acqua, quanto di terra, onde <lb/>eſſendo di gran lunga men graue l'acqua della terra, chiaro ſareb <lb/>be eſſer neceſſario, che la mole dell'acqua fuſſe maggior di quel-<lb/>la della terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s346" xml:space="preserve">ma non ſo poi, in qual modo egli vuole, che tanta <lb/>acqua ſpinga la terra, ſenza ſpargerſi d'intorno ad eſſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s347" xml:space="preserve">Et poi noi <lb/>la vediam ſparſa d'ogni parte della terra, onde ſi vede ſpontar <lb/>fuora di eſſa acqua d'ogn'intorno la terra in diuerſe & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s348" xml:space="preserve">oppoſite <lb/>parti fra loro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s349" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s350" xml:space="preserve">s'egli diceſſe, che da quella parte ſpinge, doue <lb/>più profonda, adungue il rimanente dell'acqua ſarebbe ſuper-<lb/>fluo poi che, ſecondo lui, è cōgiunta alla terra per darle la ſpinta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s351" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s352" xml:space="preserve">L'acqua adunque non è congiunta alla terra per ſpingerla, <lb/>poi che circonda eſſa terra, come ſi ſa, dal Leuante al Ponente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s353" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>dal Settentrione all'Auſtro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s354" xml:space="preserve">ne manco, ſel haueſſe da ſpinger, ſa-<lb/>rebbe di biſogno di tanta acqua, quand'eſſa acqua ſi poteſle acco <lb/>modar tutta da vna parte, à queſto fine, cioè di ſpingerla.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s355" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s356" xml:space="preserve">Inquanto poi alla ſeconda ragione, del S-Berga, dico, che eſ-<lb/>ſendo noi certi, la fuperficie sferica dell'acqua circondar equidi-<lb/>ſtantemente il centro dell'uniuerſo, ricercato dai corpi graui, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s357" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>eſſendoſi ſcoperto per le noue nauigationi tante inſule, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s358" xml:space="preserve">paeſi <lb/>da ogni parte, potiam anco eſſer certi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s359" xml:space="preserve">ſicuri, che l'acqua con la <lb/>terra figuri vn ſol globo, (ſi come all'undecima facciata della pri-<lb/>ma impreſſione il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s360" xml:space="preserve">Berga afferma hauer anco ſcritto Ariſtoti-<lb/>le,) & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s361" xml:space="preserve">che'l centro della grandezza della terra ſia congiunto uni-<lb/>tamente co'l centro della grauezza ſua, nel cetro dell'uniuerſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s362" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s363" xml:space="preserve">Oltre à queſta ragione, manifeſti indicii ancor ſono quelli, che <lb/>allegano imiglior ſcrittori antichi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s364" xml:space="preserve">moderni, doue di queſte <lb/>coſe parlano, come de gl'eccliſſi lunari delle perpendicolarità <lb/>delle linee d'inclinationi, dei corpi graui ſopra la ſuperficie tanto <lb/>della terra, quanto dell'acqua, delle regolari altezze dei poli del <pb o="15" file="507.01.015" n="15"/> mondo ſopra diuerſi orizonti da Settentrion in Auſtro, ò per il <lb/>conuerſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s365" xml:space="preserve">delle regolari altez ze de gl'eccliſſi lunari ſopra di-<lb/>uerſi orizonti da Leuante in Ponente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s366" xml:space="preserve">ſimili altr<unsure/>i ſegni, chia-<lb/>riſſimi indicii ueramente della rotondità di queſto globo com-<lb/>poſto, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s367" xml:space="preserve">concentrico coll'uniuerſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s368" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s369" xml:space="preserve">Ma che da tuttii Filoſofi ciò venga riprouato, io glie lonego, <lb/>confortandolo à ſtudiar meglio il 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s370" xml:space="preserve">del cielo di Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s371" xml:space="preserve">la Coſ-<lb/>mografia del Maurolico, la sfera del Reuerendo Padre Clauio <lb/>Eccellentiſſimo Filoſofo uniuerſale, quella dell'Eccellente Va-<lb/>lentino Nabod, l'Eccellente Bordini, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s372" xml:space="preserve">altri Eccellentiſſimi mo-<lb/>derni, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s373" xml:space="preserve">particolar profeſſori di coſi fatta filoſofia, ch'egli ſe ne <lb/>chiarira. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s374" xml:space="preserve">Et quantunque il Piccolomini neghi coſi fatta concen-<lb/>tricità, nel trattato ch'egli fece già molt'anni, della grandezza <lb/>della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s375" xml:space="preserve">dell'acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s376" xml:space="preserve">non dimeno egli ſi è poi corretto nell'-<lb/>vltime impreſſioni de ſuoi libri della sfera, come ho fatto veder <lb/>à V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s377" xml:space="preserve">Altez. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s378" xml:space="preserve">ſi comeſpero, che preſto anco il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s379" xml:space="preserve">Berga ſi muterà di <lb/>opinione, laſciando gl'errori da parte, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s380" xml:space="preserve">accoſtandoſi alla verità <lb/>Adonque non tutti i filoſofi riprouano quel, che riproua il S. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s381" xml:space="preserve">Berga.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s382" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s383" xml:space="preserve">Ma, perche egli ſoggionge immediatamente dicendo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s384" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s385" xml:space="preserve">Poi che l'acqua meſcolata con la terra non reſtinel ſuo pro-<lb/>prio & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s386" xml:space="preserve">natio luogo collocata.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s387" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s388" xml:space="preserve">In queſto egli ha ragione, cioè, che l'acqua, la qual è ſotto la <lb/>terra, non ſia nel ſuo luogo naturale, il qual è ſopra la terra, ma <lb/>non è ragioneuole però, che maggior copia di acqua ſia fuori <lb/>del ſuo luogo naturale, che dentro di eſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s389" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s390" xml:space="preserve">Di più il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s391" xml:space="preserve">Berga non ſi dourebbe già marauigliare, che il cen-<lb/>tro della grauezza poſſa eſſer in vn'iſteſſo punto congiunto co'l <lb/>centro della magnir<unsure/>udine, la qual coſa, nei corpi sferici omoge-<lb/>nei è neceſſaria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s392" xml:space="preserve">che la terra ſia sferica; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s393" xml:space="preserve">Ariſtotile, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s394" xml:space="preserve">tutti gl'al-<lb/>tri filoſofi, coſi naturali, come Mathematici lo confeſſano, quan <lb/>tunque la sfereceità dell'acqua, co'l ſpuntar la terra fuori di eſſa <lb/>acqua da ogni parte, ſia il più ſicuro indicio di tutti gl'altri; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s395" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s396" xml:space="preserve">è <lb/>inſieme chiariſſimo ſegno della omogeneità ſua di eſſa terra, per <lb/>ciò che le inequalitadi della ſuperficie della terra ſono inſenſibi i <lb/>riſpetto al total giro di eſſa terra, come è manifeſto da gl'eccliſſi <lb/>lunari, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s397" xml:space="preserve">da molti altri ſegni, dei quali ſono pieni i libri de filo-<lb/>ſofi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s398" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s399" xml:space="preserve">per conſequentia l'iſteſſo dico dell'inequalità della mag- <pb o="16" file="507.01.016" n="16"/> gior, ò minor denſità, la qual inequalità, è ſolamente d'intorno <lb/>alla ſuperficie di eſſa terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s400" xml:space="preserve">inſenſibile riſpetto al tutto, perche è <lb/>ragioneuole, che'l calor del Sole non penetri molto à dentro eſ-<lb/>ſa ſuperficie, il quale, mediante l'inequalità ſua è cagione mede-<lb/>ſimamente di coſi fatta diuerſità.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s401" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s402" xml:space="preserve">Hora vediamo di gratia le definitioni de centri del S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s403" xml:space="preserve">Anto-<lb/>nio Berga; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s404" xml:space="preserve">alla 13. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s405" xml:space="preserve">facciata, doue dice in tal guiſã.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s406" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s407" xml:space="preserve">Poi che il centro della grandezza, ſi ſtimi eſſer il mezo del fir-<lb/>mamento.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s408" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s409" xml:space="preserve">Qui ſto in dubio, s'egli parla del centro della grandezza della <lb/>terra, ò pur de l'uniuerſo, imperò che, s'egli vuol inferir del cen-<lb/>tro dell'uniuerſo, non è alcun, che no'l ſappia; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s410" xml:space="preserve">ma queſta non è <lb/>propria definitione del centro della grandezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s411" xml:space="preserve">però meglio <lb/>haurebbe definito coſi fatto centr<unsure/>o (parlando de corpi) dicendo <lb/>eſſer quel punto, in alcun corpo, il quale ſi ritroua eugualmēte <lb/>lontano da ciaſcuna parte della circonferentia di coſi fatto cor-<lb/>po; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s412" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s413" xml:space="preserve">tal definitione s'appartenerebbe ſolamente al centro del <lb/>corpo sferico, nel propoſito del qual ſiamo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s414" xml:space="preserve">(vero è, che poco à <lb/>preſſo referiſſe quello, ch'egli ha imparato appreſſo i più ſaputi <lb/>filoſofi, che inſegnano nel 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s415" xml:space="preserve">libro del cielo,) ouer ſe più uniuerſal <lb/>definitione haueſſe uoluto dare, douea piu toſto dire, il centro <lb/>della grandezza de corpi, atti ad hauerlo, perche ce ne ſono infi-<lb/>niti, che non ſono atti ad hauérlo) è quel punto, il qual diuide <lb/>giuſtamente pe'l mezo tutte quelle linee rette, che in eſſo corpo <lb/>ſi poſſono imaginare paſſar per eſſo punto, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s416" xml:space="preserve">finire nella ſuper-<lb/>ficie terminante detto corpo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s417" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s418" xml:space="preserve">Di più ancora, hauerebbe poſſuto definir il detto centro nei <lb/>corpi circonſcrittibili da vna sfera, non ſolamente dei cinque re-<lb/>golari; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s419" xml:space="preserve">ma anco di tutti li dependenti da quelli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s420" xml:space="preserve">co'l dire, che'l <lb/>centro di coſi fatta sfera, fuſſe anco il centro di cotal corpo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s421" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s422" xml:space="preserve">Però mi dubito, che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s423" xml:space="preserve">Berga habbi forſi chiamato il centro <lb/>del firmamento, centro della grandezza, per eſſer coſi fatto pun-<lb/>to, centro del maggior corpo cheſia al mondo, bella definitione <lb/>veramente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s424" xml:space="preserve">nuoua. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s425" xml:space="preserve">Hora vediamo la definitione del cetro del <lb/>la grauezza, la qual ſcriue coſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s426" xml:space="preserve">Et il centro della grauezza, più <lb/>toſto il punto, che ſi troua nel mezo della linea, che diuideil cor-<lb/>po graue in due parti vgualmente graui; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s427" xml:space="preserve">ſi come i più ſaputi filo-<lb/>ſofi, nel libro ſecondo del cielo inſegnano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s428" xml:space="preserve">Oqueſta è aſſai più <pb o="17" file="507.01.017" n="17"/> bella definition dell'altra, (la qual non è giá di quei filoſofi, che <lb/>egli dice, ma ſua particolare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s429" xml:space="preserve">ſi come poco appreſſo ſi può veder, <lb/>qual ſia quella de detti filoſofi ſaputi) che'l cētro della grauità ſia <lb/>nel mezo della linea, e di qual linea? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s430" xml:space="preserve">di quella, che diuide il cor-<lb/>po graue in due parti gualmente graui. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s431" xml:space="preserve">Doue ha egli imparato, <lb/>di gratia, che i corpi ſi diuidano da linee, più toſto, che da ſuper-<lb/>ficie? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s432" xml:space="preserve">adunque, ſecondo ſua Eccellenza il punto ſarebbe baſtante <lb/>à diuider vna ſuperficie, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s433" xml:space="preserve">la linea reſterebbe indiuiſibile; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s434" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s435" xml:space="preserve">poi <lb/>di qual cētro di grauità parliamo hora? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s436" xml:space="preserve">di quello dell'uniuerſo, <lb/>al qual ſi muouono i corpi graui ? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s437" xml:space="preserve">il qual è nel ventre (dirò coſi) <lb/>della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s438" xml:space="preserve">fuor de gl'altri corpi particolari, o pur del centro <lb/>della grauità, che ciaſcun corpo graue ha in ſe ſteſſo? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s439" xml:space="preserve">ouer in al-<lb/>cun modo fuor di ſe ſteſſo? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s440" xml:space="preserve">(perciò chemolti ne poſſon eſſer, <lb/>chehabiano coſi fatto centro fuor di ſe ſteſſi,) quãtunque la de-<lb/>ſinition del S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s441" xml:space="preserve">Berga non ſi poſſi accommodar, ne all'un, ne all'al <lb/>tro centro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s442" xml:space="preserve">vero è, che poco appreſſo par, ch'egli vogli inferir <lb/>del centro dell'uinuerſo, doue dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s443" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s444" xml:space="preserve">Et il cenrro della grauezza non è altro, che il mezo, al quale <lb/>diſcendono tutti li corpi graui.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s445" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s446" xml:space="preserve">Ma egli ſepara coſi fatti centri, quaſi che il centro dell'uni-<lb/>uerſo, cioè il vero punto mezano di detto vniuerſo, non ſia l'i-<lb/>ſteſſo, al qual inclinano li corpi graui. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s447" xml:space="preserve">Et quando poi dice,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s448" xml:space="preserve">Il qual ſempre pende, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s449" xml:space="preserve">inchina à perpendicolo verſo il cen-<lb/>tro della grandezza, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s450" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s451" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s452" xml:space="preserve">Egli moſtra parlar di ciaſcun cĕtro di grauezza di corpo parti <lb/>colare (ancor che molto impropriamente), & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s453" xml:space="preserve">coſi doue dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s454" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s455" xml:space="preserve">A ciò non ſiamo aſtretti fingere vn nuouo corpo, il qual ſo-<lb/>ſtenga la terra,, che nel centro dell'uniuerſo ripoſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s456" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s457" xml:space="preserve">Hor ripoſianci qui vn poco anco noì. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s458" xml:space="preserve">Di ſopra egli ha detto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s459" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s460" xml:space="preserve">Comei più ſaputi filoſofi, nel 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s461" xml:space="preserve">libro del Cielo inſegnano, che <lb/>altro non ſia i<unsure/> centro della grandezza, che il centro commune, <lb/>vgualmente diſtante dalla circonferentia, ſecondo tutte le ſue <lb/>parti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s462" xml:space="preserve">il centro della grauezza, non altro, che il mezo, al quale <lb/>diſcendono tutti li corpi graui, come al proprio fine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s463" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s464" xml:space="preserve">Adunque non è il mezo del a linea, che diuide il corpo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s465" xml:space="preserve">c. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s466" xml:space="preserve">co <lb/>me egli dice, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s467" xml:space="preserve">non i filoſofi ſaputi, i quali filoſofi incomincian-<lb/>do dà gl'antichi definiuano il centro della grauità de' corpi pàr-<lb/>ticolari in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s468" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s469" xml:space="preserve">Centrum grauitatis vniuſcuiuſque corporis eſt punctũ quod <pb o="18" file="507.01.018" n="18"/> dam intra poſitum, à q́uó ſi graue appĕſum mente concipiatur, <lb/>dum fertur quieſcit, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s470" xml:space="preserve">ſeruat eam quam in principio habebac <lb/>poſitionem, neque in ipſa latione circunuertitur.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s471" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s472" xml:space="preserve">Da moderni poi ſi definiſſe coſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s473" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s474" xml:space="preserve">Centrum grauitatis uniuſcuiuſque ſolidæ figuræ eſt pun <lb/>ctum illud intra poſitum, circa quod vndique partes æqualium <lb/>momentorum conſiſtunt, ſi enim per tale centrum ducatur pla <lb/>num, figuram quomodocunque ſecans, ſemper in partes ęquè <lb/>ponderantes ipſam diuidet.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s475" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s476" xml:space="preserve">Altri dicono coſi fatto centro di granità di ciaſcun corpo par <lb/>ticolare eſſer quel punto, mediante il quale, quel tal corpo <lb/>ſi unirebbe co'l centro dell'vniuerſo, quando impedito non <lb/>fuſſe; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s477" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s478" xml:space="preserve">tutti in queſto s. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s479" xml:space="preserve">accordano, onde la terra, mediante <lb/>il centro della grauità ſua ſi vniſſe co'l cētro del'uniuerſo per ſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s480" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s481" xml:space="preserve">Hoz<unsure/>a mi ſouien, doue egli incolpa il pouero Piccolomini (al-<lb/>la 37. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s482" xml:space="preserve">facciata,) d hauer confuſo i centri, nō ſi ricordando egli, ò <lb/>per dir meglio non eſſendoſi accorto, in queſta 13. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s483" xml:space="preserve">facciata d'ha <lb/>uer, non ſolamente confuſo 1 centri inſieme, ma d'eſſi hauerne <lb/>fatto vn'olla putrida, che in altra lingua nō ſi potrebbe forſi di@ <lb/>meglio, che nella Spagnuola Doue dice poi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s484" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s485" xml:space="preserve">A ciò non ſiamo aſtretti fingere vn nuouo corpo, il qual ſo-<lb/>ſtenga ia terra, che nc<unsure/>l centro dell'uniuerſo ripoſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s486" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s487" xml:space="preserve">La chiarezza diq̄ſto cōcetto, (in parte nō in tutto) ſua Eccellē <lb/>za riſerua alla 39 & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s488" xml:space="preserve">40. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s489" xml:space="preserve">facciata, doue ne trataremo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s490" xml:space="preserve">Egli dice poi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s491" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s492" xml:space="preserve">Il che ancora molti Geografi confeſſano apartamente, negã-<lb/>do il centro del mondo eſſer il centro della teri<unsure/>a.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s493" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s494" xml:space="preserve">Coſi fatti geografi doueuan eſſer buone perſone.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s495" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s496" xml:space="preserve">Ma dicami di gratia il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s497" xml:space="preserve">Berga, ſe la terra ripoſa nel centro de <lb/>l'vniuerſo, coſi fatto centro è vn punto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s498" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s499" xml:space="preserve">ſein coſi fatto punto <lb/>ha da ripoſare, biſogna che per mezo d'vno de ſuoi pūti ripoſi, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s500" xml:space="preserve">ogni corpo ha infiniti punti, coſi nella ſuperficie ſua, come <lb/>nel profondo, che ella ſi ripoſi per mezo d'vno della ſua ſuperfi <lb/>cie, come vna palla ſopra vna tauola piana, nõ è alcuno, che ſe <lb/>lo poteſſe imaginare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s501" xml:space="preserve">ma dei punti immerſi nel profondo del <lb/>corpo, non è da pēſarſi di altri, che di due, cioè, ò quel della gra-<lb/>uezza, ò quel della grandezza, (perche la terra è sferica,) quali <lb/>centri, egli s'imagina eſſer ſeparati: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s502" xml:space="preserve">hora, ſe egli ſi penſa, che ſi ri <lb/>poſi mediante il centro della grandezza, queſto naturalmēte ſa <lb/>rebbe impoſſibile, facendo cgli, come ho detto) ſeparato il cen- <pb o="19" file="507.01.019" n="19"/> tro della grauezza deila terra, da quello della grãdezza, vero è, <lb/>che nella ſua prima ragione, hauea congionta l'acqua di mag-<lb/>gior quantirà, che non è eſſa terra, à ciò la ſpingeſſe per farlà ſtar <lb/>con giuſto equilibrio nel centro dell'vniuerſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s503" xml:space="preserve">il che hauĕdo io <lb/>di ſopra prouato eſſer vna vanità, reſta adunque. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s504" xml:space="preserve">che la terra ſi <lb/>venghi à concentrar con l'vniuerſo, per mezo del centro della <lb/>grandezza per accidente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s505" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo ambiduoi queſti centri in vn <lb/>medeſmo punto congiunti, come ho gia detto diſopra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s506" xml:space="preserve">Ma piu <lb/>gratioſo mirieſe il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s507" xml:space="preserve">Berga, quando ſubito allega laragione, di <lb/>cendo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s508" xml:space="preserve">Accio nõ ſegua, ſeeōdo il ſito dei poli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s509" xml:space="preserve">ordine de gl'cle <lb/>menti, mutatiòne alcuna, ſi che i corpi graui volino all insù, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s510" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>ileggieri diſcendeno all'ingiù.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s511" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s512" xml:space="preserve">Hora, chi interrogaſſe il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s513" xml:space="preserve">Berga, d'onde naſce, che la natura <lb/>habbi fatto l'alià gl'augelli, i quali inſtromentinon ſon già fatti <lb/>da eſſa natura ad altro fine, ſe non à ciò chei corpi graui, s'inalzi <lb/>noda terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s514" xml:space="preserve">queſto per mezò del volare, Il deſcĕder poi all. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s515" xml:space="preserve">in-<lb/>giù dei leggeri, ſarà per caggion del non poter loro deſcender <lb/>all'insù ne aſcender all'ingiu Ma non ſa egli med eſimamente, <lb/>che vn'iſteſſo corpo, in vn'elemento ſi chiama graue, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s516" xml:space="preserve">nell'al-<lb/>tro lieue, come vn legno, hor nell'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s517" xml:space="preserve">hor nell'acqua, onde <lb/>in queſto aſcenderà, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s518" xml:space="preserve">in quello diſcendera. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s519" xml:space="preserve">In quanto poi al di <lb/>ſordine, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s520" xml:space="preserve">mutatione del ſito dei poli, ſua Eccellĕza lo manife-<lb/>ſta nella ſua quinra ragione delle 20. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s521" xml:space="preserve">Quādo dice poi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s522" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s523" xml:space="preserve">Il che ſe ſia verò, non può eſſer, ſecondo l. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s524" xml:space="preserve">uno, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s525" xml:space="preserve">l'altro cen-<lb/>tro, l'acqua concentrica con la terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s526" xml:space="preserve">per cõſequenza ſarà poſ-<lb/>ſibile, che ſia della tarra maggiore, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s527" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s528" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s529" xml:space="preserve">Obelle conſequentie.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s530" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s531" xml:space="preserve">Iu quãto poi alla ſua terza ragione, negandogli la conſequen <lb/>tia, che per maggior nobilita habbi da eſſer il corpo maggiore <lb/>p<unsure/>ubito cade coſi fatta ragione, poi che ſi veggono molti corpi <lb/>più nobili de gl'altri, eſſer però minori, perciò che la quantità <lb/>non ſeguita, ne depende dalla nobilità, di modo che neceſſaria-<lb/>mente, quella coſa cheſia più nobile, habbi da eſſer anco mag-<lb/>giore in quantita.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s532" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s533" xml:space="preserve">La ſua quarta ragione, è fondata nella proportion, (per dir <lb/>com'egli dice,) decupla, ſecondo la quantita de gl'elementi di <lb/>cui fa mentione Ariſtotile, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s534" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s535" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s536" xml:space="preserve">In verità, che, ſe'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s537" xml:space="preserve">Berga haueſſe inteſo punto il diſcorſo del <lb/>Piccolomini, intorno a queſta parte nel 10. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s538" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s539" xml:space="preserve">non ſarebbe pre <pb o="20" file="507.01.020" n="20"/> cipitato in queſto errore, laſciamo hora da parte il difender Ari <lb/>ſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s540" xml:space="preserve">perche il Piccolomini l'ha difeſo à ſufficienza, ma difendia <lb/>mo la verità: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s541" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s542" xml:space="preserve">ſe ſua Eccellenza non è capace delle ragioni del <lb/>Piccolomini contra queſta opinione, ne di quelle ch'io ſon per <lb/>adurre, ſi rimet ta almeno à coloro, che l'intendono; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s543" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s544" xml:space="preserve">da quelli <lb/>s'informi, s'egli è vero, che ſe la proportionalità continua delle <lb/>quãtità de gl'elementi ſi componeſſe della proportion decupla, <lb/>pigliando il fuoco per il maſſimo termine, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s545" xml:space="preserve">la terra per il mini <lb/>mo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s546" xml:space="preserve">tutto l'aggregato della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s547" xml:space="preserve">dell'acqua, dell'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s548" xml:space="preserve">del fuo-<lb/>co, ſarebbe coſi maggior della terra, come è ſolamente 1111. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s549" xml:space="preserve">ad <lb/>vno; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s550" xml:space="preserve">onde il ſemidiametro della region elemĕtare, ſarebbe qua-<lb/>ſi, ò poco poco più che decuplo, ſolamente, al ſemidiametro <lb/>della terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s551" xml:space="preserve">onde, che fra il conueſſo del fuoco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s552" xml:space="preserve">il concauo del <lb/>minimo orbe lunare, reſterebbe vn'orbe vuodo, d'vn interuallo <lb/>di ſpiſſitudine di venti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s553" xml:space="preserve">tanti ſemidiametri della terra, il qual <lb/>ſpacio orbicularmente vuodo, ſarebbe maggior di tutta la <lb/>region elementare, aſſai più di trenta milia volte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s554" xml:space="preserve">anzi che ſe'l <lb/>ſemidiametro del detto primo orbe lunare fuſſe maggior del <lb/>terreſtre, preciſamente, come di 39. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s555" xml:space="preserve">ad vno, detto orbe vuodo <lb/>ſarebbe maggior della region elemenrare, più di 58208. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s556" xml:space="preserve">vol-<lb/>te; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s557" xml:space="preserve">il penſar adunque la proportionalità continua, che ſi <lb/>compone de la decupla proportione eſſer ne gl'elementi, è pur <lb/>vn graue errore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s558" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s559" xml:space="preserve">Ma molto peggio poi, ſoggiunge il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s560" xml:space="preserve">Berga; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s561" xml:space="preserve">dicendo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s562" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s563" xml:space="preserve">Che coſi volſe Platone, che fuſſe neceſſario, acciò che gl'eſtre <lb/>mi elementi, il fuoco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s564" xml:space="preserve">la terra, con queſti doi mezi dell'acqua, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s565" xml:space="preserve">dell'aria reſtaſſero congiunti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s566" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo nei corpi ſodi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s567" xml:space="preserve">(ſi, per-<lb/>che, ſecondo il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s568" xml:space="preserve">Berga ne ſono di quei, che non ſon ſodi) poſ-<lb/>ſibile il mezano vguale, nella geometrica proportione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s569" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s570" xml:space="preserve">Hor queſto è l'argomento, co'l quale il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s571" xml:space="preserve">Berga ſi penſaua di <lb/>trionfare cõtra di me alla preſentia di V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s572" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s573" xml:space="preserve">in publico, ſin al-<lb/>l hora, quando io gli negai, che Platone intendeſſe delle quãtità <lb/>de gl'elemĕti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s574" xml:space="preserve">egli mi riſpoſe, ch'io nõ gli lo poteuo negare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s575" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s576" xml:space="preserve">Hora qui voglio al præſente il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s577" xml:space="preserve">Berga, ſe ſarà atto ad inten-<lb/>dermi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s578" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s579" xml:space="preserve">Doue Platone nel Timeo viene à parlar del numero de gl'ele <lb/>menti, da poi che gli par d'hauer allegato la ragione della crea-<lb/>tion del fuoco & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s580" xml:space="preserve">della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s581" xml:space="preserve">per prouar de gl'altri doi corpi me-<lb/>zani, piglia prima il parangone della proportionalità continua <pb o="21" file="507.01.021" n="21"/> geometrica, in tre termini, per le coſe ſuperficiaſi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s582" xml:space="preserve">poi in quat <lb/>tro termini, per le corporee, in cominciando in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s583" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s584" xml:space="preserve">Vinculorum vero, id eſt aptiſſimum, atque pulcherrimum, <lb/>quod ex ſe, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s585" xml:space="preserve">ex iis quæ aſtringunt, quam maxime vnum effi-<lb/>cit, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s586" xml:space="preserve">c</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s587" xml:space="preserve">In queſto luogo Platone vuol inferir della proportionalità ge <lb/>ometrica di tre terminini, nella qual, hanno tal condition fra lo <lb/>ro che il mezano ſerue ꝑ primo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s588" xml:space="preserve">vltimo, in modo, che par ch'e <lb/>gli partecipi dell'vn, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s589" xml:space="preserve">dell'altro di eſſi eſtremi, poi che'l pro-<lb/>dutto, il quale naſce dal termine mezano in ſe ſteſſo, è il medeſi-<lb/>mo, che ſi produce da gl'eſtremi, onde il mezano in potenza, è <lb/>vno iſteſſo co'l produtto de gl'eſtremi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s590" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s591" xml:space="preserve">Soggionge poi Platone, dicendo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s592" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s593" xml:space="preserve">Quando enim in tribus numeris, aut molibus, aut viribus, me <lb/>dium ita ſe habet ad poſtremum, vt primum ad medium, viciſ-<lb/>ſiimque vt poſtremum cum medio, ita medium cum primo cõ <lb/>gruit, tunc quod medium eſt, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s594" xml:space="preserve">primum fit & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s595" xml:space="preserve">poſtremum, po-<lb/>ſtremum quoque & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s596" xml:space="preserve">primum media fiunt.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s597" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s598" xml:space="preserve">Hor qui è d'auertire, che s'ingannano tutti gli interpreti, che <lb/>penſano, che Platone in queſto luogo habbi voluto intender di <lb/>tutte tre le proportionalitadi continue, cioè arithmetica, geo-<lb/>metrica, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s599" xml:space="preserve">harmonica, perche egli habbi fatto mention di nu-<lb/>meri, di magnitudini, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s600" xml:space="preserve">di forze, ò vogliam dir virtu; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s601" xml:space="preserve">imperó <lb/>che Platon non ha voluto inferir altro, ſe nõ, che l'iſteſſa paſſio-<lb/>ne, (com'egli racconta) fra il mezo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s602" xml:space="preserve">gl'eſtremi di vna propor-<lb/>tionalità continua geometrica, auuenirebbe, coſi nella quantita <lb/>come nella qualità, quãdo li tre termini fuſſero della medeſma <lb/>ſpecie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s603" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s604" xml:space="preserve">perche la quantità ſi diuide in due ſpecie generali, cioè <lb/>in diſcreta, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s605" xml:space="preserve">continua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s606" xml:space="preserve">perciò Platone ſpecifica, nominando i <lb/>numeri, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s607" xml:space="preserve">le magnitudini, con le qual due voci, abbracia tutto <lb/>il genere della quãtitatà, co'l dir poi, vires, vuol inferir di tutto il <lb/>genere della qualita; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s608" xml:space="preserve">perciò che la proportione, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s609" xml:space="preserve">proportiona-<lb/>lità, coſi continua, come diſcontinua, ſi ritroua, non ſolamente <lb/>fra i termini del quanto, ma etiandio fra quelli, del quale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s610" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s611" xml:space="preserve">Ma che Platon nõ habbi voluto in quel luogo intender della <lb/>proportionalità harmonica, la qual è pur più ſimbola alla geo-<lb/>metrica, che nõ è la arithmetica, queſto ſi manifeſta dalle ſue pa <lb/>role, quando dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s612" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s613" xml:space="preserve">Quando enim medium ita ſe habet ad poſtremum, vt primũ <pb o="22" file="507.01.022" n="22"/> ad medium, viciſſimque vt̃ poſtremum cum medio, ita mediu <lb/>cum primo congruit.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s614" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s615" xml:space="preserve">Il che non auuiene nella proportionalità harmonica, nel-<lb/>la quale il primo termine all'vltimo, (& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s616" xml:space="preserve">non al mezano) <lb/>ſi ha, come ſi ha la differentia, fra il primo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s617" xml:space="preserve">mezano, al-<lb/>la differentia, fra il mezano & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s618" xml:space="preserve">l'vltimo, geometricamente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s619" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s620" xml:space="preserve">Hor, ſe chiaro ſi uede, che dell'harmonica, in alcnn modo nõ <lb/>ha voluto inferire, quanto manco adunque haurà voluto inten <lb/>der dell'arithmetica, la qual nõ ha ſimboleità alcuna con la geo <lb/>metrica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s621" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s622" xml:space="preserve">Quando poi Platone dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s623" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s624" xml:space="preserve">Tunc quod medium eſt, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s625" xml:space="preserve">prim um fit, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s626" xml:space="preserve">poſtremũ, poſtre <lb/>mum quoque, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s627" xml:space="preserve">primum, medià fiunt, &</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s628" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s629" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s630" xml:space="preserve">Egli non vuol inferir altro, che monſtràr la ſimboleità, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s631" xml:space="preserve">ſimilitudine, che ha coſi fatto mezo con gl'eſtremi, poi <lb/>che eſſo mezo ha l'iſteſſo riſpetto all'vltimo, che ha il pri-<lb/>moad eſſo, in che egli s'aſſomiglia al primo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s632" xml:space="preserve">ha pe'l con-<lb/>uerſo, l'iſteſſo riſp etto al primo termine, ch'ha l'vltimo à lui, <lb/>per il che viene in queſto caſo à repreſentar l'vltimo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s633" xml:space="preserve">Volen-<lb/>do inferir Platone della ſimboleità de gl'elementi mezani <lb/>con gl'eſtremi, ſi come ſi vede de l'acqua fra l'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s634" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>terra, la qual acqua per mezo della frigidità, s'aſſomiglia al-<lb/>la terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s635" xml:space="preserve">per mezo dell'humidità s'aſſomiglia all'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s636" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>l'aria che s'interpone fra il fuoco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s637" xml:space="preserve">l'acqua, s'aſſomi-<lb/>glia al fuoco, per mezo della callidità, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s638" xml:space="preserve">all'acqua per mezo <lb/>della hnmidità.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s639" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s640" xml:space="preserve">Ma, perche Platone, in molte coſe s'è moſtrato Pitago-<lb/>rico, i quai Pitagorici, diſcorreuano volontieri intorno, <lb/>quaſi à tutte le materie, per via de numeri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s641" xml:space="preserve">Et vedendo <lb/>Platone, che tra duoi numeri ſuperficiali, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s642" xml:space="preserve">ſimili fra lo-<lb/>ro, non potea cader più di vn numero mezano in propor. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s643" xml:space="preserve">tionalità continua geometrica, perciò egli ſoggiunge, dicen-<lb/>do.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s644" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s645" xml:space="preserve">Quod ſi vniuerſi corpus latitudinem habere debuiſſet, <lb/>nullam verò profonditatem, vnum ſanè, tum ad ſeipſum, <lb/>tum ad extrema vincienda interiectum medium ſuffeciſ-<lb/>ſet.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s646" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s647" xml:space="preserve">Egli ſeguita poi, iu tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s648" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s649" xml:space="preserve">Sed cum ſoliditatem mũdus requireret, ſolida verò nõ vno <pb o="23" file="507.01.023" n="23"/> ſed duobus ſemper mediis copulentur, inter ignem & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s650" xml:space="preserve">terram, <lb/>Deus aerem aquam que locauit, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s651" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s652" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s653" xml:space="preserve">Volendo inferire, cheſi come tra duoi numeri ſodi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s654" xml:space="preserve">ſimi-<lb/>li fra loro, non puo cader vn ſol mezo proportionale, ma ben <lb/>duoi di neceſſità, (le qual coſe ſi manifeſtano nell' ottauo lib. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s655" xml:space="preserve">d'Eucli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s656" xml:space="preserve">alla 16. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s657" xml:space="preserve">17. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s658" xml:space="preserve">18. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s659" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s660" xml:space="preserve">19. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s661" xml:space="preserve">propoſitione) coſi fu ragioneuole, <lb/>che tra il corpo igneo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s662" xml:space="preserve">il terreſtre vifuſſero duoi corpi, non <lb/>già per cagion della proportionalità continua in quantità di eſ-<lb/>ſi corpi, ma ben per la ſimilitudine dell'vnione, poi che'l pro-<lb/>dotto da duoi mezi proportionali, s'vguaglia al prodotto da-<lb/>gli eſtremi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s663" xml:space="preserve">l'iſteſſo riſpetto, che ha il primo di eſſi quatro al <lb/>ſecondo il medeſimo ha il ſecondo al terzo onde eſſo ſecondo, <lb/>vien ad aſſomigliarſi per ciò al primo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s664" xml:space="preserve">il medeſimo riſpetto <lb/>pe'l conuerſo, che ha il quarto al terzo, l'iſteſſo ha il terzo al ſe-<lb/>condo, onde eſſo terzo viene à pigliar effigie di vltimo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s665" xml:space="preserve">per-<lb/>ciò diſſe Platone.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s666" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s667" xml:space="preserve">Propterea ex huiuſmodi rebus, numero quatuor, mundi cor-<lb/>pus conflatum eſt, ea cõnexum comparatione, qua dixi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s668" xml:space="preserve">Ex quo <lb/>ſeipſum amicitia concordi complectitur, &</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s669" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s670" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s671" xml:space="preserve">Doue chiaro ſi vede, che Platone non ha voluto intender in <lb/>queſto luogo, che gl'elementi ſiano fra loro maggiori, ò mino-<lb/>ri nella proportionalità cõtinua, ne geometrica, ne altra, ma ha <lb/>pieſo coſi fatta comparatione, ò ſomiglianza, per riſpetio della <lb/>ſimboleità, che hanno gl'elementi mezani con gl'eſtremi, la <lb/>qual ſomiglianza non ſi ſcopre maggiore, che nella proportio-<lb/>nalità continua geometrica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s672" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s673" xml:space="preserve">Ne manco biſognerebbe dire, come dice il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s674" xml:space="preserve">Berga. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s675" xml:space="preserve">cioè.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s676" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s677" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo nei corpi ſodi poſſibile il mezo vguale nella geome-<lb/>trica proportione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s678" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s679" xml:space="preserve">Volĕdo far del Filoſofo mathematico, percioche meglio ha-<lb/>urebbe detto in queſt' altro modo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s680" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s681" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo, che tra li numeri ſodi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s682" xml:space="preserve">ſimili fra loro ſem pre di ne <lb/>ceſſità ſi ritrouano doi altri numeri, (li quali ſono anch'eſſi ſo-<lb/>di) in continua proportionalità geometrica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s683" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s684" xml:space="preserve">La quinta ragione fondata ne gl'eccliſſi della Luna è nõ mĕ <lb/>vaga & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s685" xml:space="preserve">bella dell'altre doue diceil S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s686" xml:space="preserve">Berga.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s687" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s688" xml:space="preserve">Cõcioſia coſa, che, ſe foſſe la terra maggiore, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s689" xml:space="preserve">più eminente <lb/>dell'acqua, ſarebbe poſſibile, che il corpo della Luna ſi oſcuraſ-<lb/>fe taluolta, ſolamĕte ſecõdo il centro, reſtãdo tutte l'altre parti <pb o="24" file="507.01.024" n="24"/> illuminate, eſſendo la terra nella ſuperficie molto ineguale, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s690" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>più eleuata nel polo antartico, ſotto l'Orſe, che nell'artico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s691" xml:space="preserve">il che <lb/>non eſſendo giamai in tanti eccliſſi auucnuto, ſarà ſenza dubio <lb/>l'acqua maggior della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s692" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s693" xml:space="preserve">Obella ragion, ò ſtupenda, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s694" xml:space="preserve">miracoloſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s695" xml:space="preserve">hor vada à ſpaſſo <lb/>Tolomeo, con tutti gl'altri Aſtrologi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s696" xml:space="preserve">Perſpettiui, poi che al-<lb/>cun di eſſi non s'accorſe mai, che quanto maggior foſſe la ter-<lb/>ra, tanto minor produceſſe l'ombra ſua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s697" xml:space="preserve">in tanto, che non oſcu <lb/>rarebbe altro che'l centro del corpo lunare, vegga V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s698" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s699" xml:space="preserve">di gratia <lb/>in quanto error incorrono medeſimamente coloro, che tengo-<lb/>no la terra più eminente dell' acqua, per paura di non s'annega-<lb/>re, per nõ penetrar loro ſino alla medolla delle coſe naturali, ne <lb/>meno ſanno, che con tutto che la terra non ſia più eminente de <lb/>l'acqua, ella è non dimeno più eleuata di eſſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s700" xml:space="preserve">poi doue? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s701" xml:space="preserve">doue? <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s702" xml:space="preserve">nel polo, ſi nel polo, nel polo antartico, ſotto l'orſe, più, <lb/>chenell'artico (almeno dicend'egli più, che nell'artico, gli ha-<lb/>ueſſe aggiunto, ſotto il canopo, per corriſpondenza dell'orſe, che <lb/>forſi ſi ſon fuggite nel polo antartico, poi che egli <unsure/>e le troua <lb/>O felice Caliſto ſarai purſicura hormaidal vociferãte figliuolo) <lb/>il che non eſſendo giamai in tanti eccliſſi auuenuto, ſarà ſenza <lb/>dubio, (ſenza dubio poi) l'acqua maggior della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s703" xml:space="preserve">in fatti <lb/>non ſi può dir meglio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s704" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s705" xml:space="preserve">La ſeſta ragione tuttauia non è punto men bella dell'altre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s706" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s707" xml:space="preserve">Con la quale il medeſmoſi dimoſtra, cioè, ſe la terra foſſe <lb/>maggiore, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s708" xml:space="preserve">più eminente dell'acqua, leuata via l'acqua: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s709" xml:space="preserve">(qui <lb/>penſauo ch'egli voleſſe dire, che reſtarebbe la terra, ma dice me-<lb/>glio). </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s710" xml:space="preserve">ſi mouerebbe la terra al ſuo luogo (il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s711" xml:space="preserve">Berga dice il vero; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s712" xml:space="preserve">perche la terra al preſente non è nel ſuo luogo, ma occupa il luo <lb/>go d'vn'altro elemento,) di che con la proua in mano ſi moſtra <lb/>il contrario, poi cheil fuoco tiri à ſe l'acqua, per l'orificio del va-<lb/>ſo riſcaldato, non tirando doppo ſe la terra, come Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s713" xml:space="preserve">al fine <lb/>de ſuoi libri del cielo dimoſtra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s714" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s715" xml:space="preserve">Ariſtotile dice ben queſto, ma non lo dimoſtra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s716" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s717" xml:space="preserve">Queſte, queſte ſono ragioni filoſofiche, queſti ſono argumen-<lb/>ti ſottili, con la proua in mano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s718" xml:space="preserve">non penſi già alcuno, che l'ac-<lb/>qua aſcĕda nel vaſo riſcaldato, perche ella vadi ad occupar il luo <lb/>go, il qual reſtarebbe vuoto, per la condenſation dell'aria, den-<lb/>tro della caraffa, ò vogliam dir vaſo, quando il calor l'abbando-<lb/>na, ò perche ſi raſſreda, nò, nò, perche il fuoco la tira; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s719" xml:space="preserve">ne meno <pb o="25" file="507.01.025" n="25"/> credeſſe alcuno, che mentre il vaſoſi ſcalda, non entraſſe l'ac-<lb/>qua, ne che allhor cheſi raffreda, l'acqua aſcenda, perche il fuoco <lb/>la tira, ne meno entrarebbe in detto vaſo vino, ò aceto, ò olio, ò <lb/>carne, ò terra, ma ſolamente acqua, percheil fuoco la tira; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s720" xml:space="preserve">adōqne <lb/>l'acqua è maggior che la terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s721" xml:space="preserve">ò queſta ſi, ch'è loica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s722" xml:space="preserve">Ma egli <lb/>nō s'accorge, come qui cōtradice à ſe ſteſſo, doue egli di ſopra, diſ-<lb/>ſe, che la terra ripoſaua nel centro dell'uniuerſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s723" xml:space="preserve">qui dice che <lb/>ſe l'acqua ſi leuaſſe, la terra ſi mouerebbe al ſuo luogo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s724" xml:space="preserve">adunque <lb/>il ripoſarſi la terra nel centro dell'uniuerſo, non è il ſtare eſſa ter <lb/>ra nel loco ſuo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s725" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s726" xml:space="preserve">La ſettima ragione è, che ſe la terra fuſſe maggior dell'acqua, <lb/>douunque ſi ritroua più eminente coni monti la terra, ſi ritroue-<lb/>rebbeno l'acque, tanto de mari, come de laghi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s727" xml:space="preserve">fiumi minori; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s728" xml:space="preserve">il che nei mari Settentrionali ſi è ritrouato in contrario; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s729" xml:space="preserve">poi che, <lb/>iui in molti luoghi, ſi ſiano ritrouati di profondità inccmmen-<lb/>furabile, ſi come Olao magno,&</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s730" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s731" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s732" xml:space="preserve">Laſciamo andar, che Olao Magno è ſtato giardinero, cioè <lb/>piantator di carotte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s733" xml:space="preserve">ma quando ben queſto fuſſeil vero, cioè, <lb/>che in alcuni luoghi del mare Settentrionale, (il qual è poca co-<lb/>ſa, r_i_ſpetto à gl'altri mari) non haueſſer ritrouato il fondo, il q́ua. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s734" xml:space="preserve">le fuſſe anco di cinquanta millia paſſi, queſto non può eſſer ar, <lb/>gumento contra il Piccolomini, il fondamento del quale è, che <lb/>hauendo ritrouato la ſuperficie ſcoperta dellà terra, maggior del <lb/>la ſuperficie conueſſa dell' acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s735" xml:space="preserve">ſuppone anco, che quando l'ac-<lb/>qua profondaſſe 3500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s736" xml:space="preserve">miglia, cioè, ſin' al centro, tuttauia la ter-<lb/>ra reſtarebbe maggiore, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s737" xml:space="preserve">ha ragione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s738" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s739" xml:space="preserve">La ottaua ragione vien fondata nella purità, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s740" xml:space="preserve">impurità de <lb/>gl'elementi, &</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s741" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s742" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s743" xml:space="preserve">S'egli fuſſe vero, che quci corpi, che ſono più puri de gl'altri <lb/>doueſſer anco hauer maggior quantità, ragioneuol coſa ſarebbe, <lb/>che ſi trouaſſe maggior quantità d'oro, che di piombo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s744" xml:space="preserve">&</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s745" xml:space="preserve">, che li <lb/>diamanti fuſſer maggiori dei chriſtalli: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s746" xml:space="preserve">ma laſciamo queſto da <lb/>parte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s747" xml:space="preserve">E poſſiibile, che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s748" xml:space="preserve">Berga non ſappia la purità de gl'elemĕ-<lb/>ti verſar d'intorno à gl'eſtremi? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s749" xml:space="preserve">onde non men pura viene ad eſ-<lb/>ſer la terra d'intorno al centro dell'uniuerſo, di quel, che'l fuoco <lb/>ſi ritroua, d'intorno alla circonferentia concaua del cielo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s750" xml:space="preserve">perciò <lb/>che la miſtione ſi fa nel mezo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s751" xml:space="preserve">non ne gl'eſtremi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s752" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s753" xml:space="preserve">Nelia nona ragione, egli fonda la conſequentia, à punto in <pb o="26" file="507.01.026" n="26"/> aria, con dire.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s754" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s755" xml:space="preserve">Poi che immediatamente ſi può dell'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s756" xml:space="preserve">della terra pro-<lb/>durre, ſarà vero, che ſia della terra maggiore,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s757" xml:space="preserve">O bella ragione, perche ella ſi può produr dall 'un' & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s758" xml:space="preserve">da l'altro <lb/>elemento, adunche è in atto maggior della terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s759" xml:space="preserve">Ma, perche egli <lb/>dice, che l'acqua ha più copia di materia, pĕſo ch'egli voglia dir, <lb/>che ſia più materia nell'acqua, che nella terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s760" xml:space="preserve">ma queſto diſcor-<lb/>da dalla ſua quarta ragione, imperòche, ſeegli vuole, che l'ac-<lb/>qua ſia decupla alla terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s761" xml:space="preserve">poi che di vn pugillo di terra ſe ne fac-<lb/>cia diece di acqua, ſegno ſarebbe, che tanta materia fuſſe in tutto <lb/>il corpo acqueo, quanta in tutto il terreſtre, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s762" xml:space="preserve">niente di più, ne <lb/>di meno, ſotto diuerſe forme però di denſità. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s763" xml:space="preserve">Ma s'egli voleſſe <lb/>inferir, forſi, che nell' acqua ſarebbe maggior quantita di mate-<lb/>ria, che nell'aria, ne ſeguirebbe vn' altro inconueniente, contra <lb/>l'iſteſſa ſua quarta ragione, cioè, che d'un pugillo di acqua, ne ri-<lb/>uſcirebbon di aria, molto più di dieci, ſtãte il ſuo ſuppoſito, cioè, <lb/>che l'aria ſia decupla all'acqua, in grandezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s764" xml:space="preserve">queſta nona ragio-<lb/>ne adunque è dell'iſteſſo genere dell' altre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s765" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s766" xml:space="preserve">La decima ragione ſimilmente è molto ſcarſa di peſo, anzi <lb/>dirò io, coſi come il fuoco eſſendo generato maggior de gl' altri <lb/>elementi, coſi il ſuo total contrario, ch'è l'acqua, ſarà generato <lb/>minor de gl'altri, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s767" xml:space="preserve">queſta ragion ſarà più veriſimile della ſua</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s768" xml:space="preserve">Ma l'undecima ragione è delle belle, la qual egli fonda nella <lb/>neceſſità dell'ordine di queſto vniuerſo, concio ſia, che per dar <lb/>lume a queſto mondo inferiore, neceſſarjo fuſſe, che i corpi per-<lb/>ſpicui, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s769" xml:space="preserve">transparenti, auanzaſſero, non ſolamente in numero, <lb/>ma anco in quātità, (qui credo ch'egli habbi voluto dir, grandez <lb/>za, dato che non foſſe, ſecondo lui, la quantità, differente da nu-<lb/>mero) ancora gli opacchi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s770" xml:space="preserve">reſtando adunque l'acqua più tra gli <lb/>perſpicui, che fra gli opacchi, douea eſſer della terra maggiore, à <lb/>ciò la luce meglio poteſſe tutte le parti della terra penetrare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s771" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s772" xml:space="preserve">Penſauo, che qui nel fine, egli voleſſe dire, acciò che egli poteſ-<lb/>ſemeglio veder nel fondo dell'acqua, i granchi ch'egl piglia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s773" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s774" xml:space="preserve">Horera adunque neceſſario, che li corpi perſpicui, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s775" xml:space="preserve">tranſpa-<lb/>renti, fuſſero & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s776" xml:space="preserve">più in numero de gli opacchi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s777" xml:space="preserve">maggiori, adun-<lb/>que non haurebbe baſtato vn ſolo continuo perſpicuo, à permet <lb/>ter il tranſito ai raggi luminoſi dei corpi celeſti;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s778" xml:space="preserve">ne meno ch'egli <lb/>fuſſe ſtato di poca ſpiſſitudine, poi che quanto più lontano ſi dif- <pb o="27" file="507.01.027" n="27"/> f<unsure/>onde il lume, tanto maggiormente, forſi ſecondo ſua eccellen <lb/>za illumina; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s779" xml:space="preserve">imperò che non debbe valer niente appreſſoil S-<lb/>Berga quella propoſitione, che dice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s780" xml:space="preserve">Agens in propinquo, for. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s781" xml:space="preserve">tius agit quam in rem oto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s782" xml:space="preserve">Perciò adunque la natura ha fatto que-<lb/>fti tre corpi perſpicui, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s783" xml:space="preserve">di coſi fatta ma ggioranza fra loro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s784" xml:space="preserve">onde <lb/>per queſto ancora era neceſſario, che l'acqua fúſſe maggior della <lb/>terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s785" xml:space="preserve">imperò che il lume dei corpi celeſti, non la potrebbe pe-<lb/>netrare, s'ella non fuſſe maggior della terra, eſſendo, che quanto <lb/>ella è più profonda, tanto meglio, il raggio luminoſo la penetra, <lb/>òbello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s786" xml:space="preserve">Ma ll S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s787" xml:space="preserve">Berga rende anco la ragion, perche, dicendo,</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s788" xml:space="preserve">Acciò la luce meglio poteſſe tutte le parti della terra pene-<lb/>trare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s789" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s790" xml:space="preserve">Et queſta è coſa gratioſa, ch'egli piglia la luce, la qual è quella <lb/>qualità, cheſi ritroua nel corpo lucido, per illume, ch, è il raggio <lb/>prodotto dalla luce, il qual ſi diffonde fuori di eſſo corpo lucido; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s791" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s792" xml:space="preserve">poi à che fine vuol, chel'acqua ſia maggior della terra ? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s793" xml:space="preserve">à fine <lb/>che coſi fatto lume poteſſe penetrar non l'acqua, non, ma tutte <lb/>le parti della terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s794" xml:space="preserve">Leggiadramente certo, ò poueti filoſofi, che <lb/>penſauano, che la terra fuſſe opaca; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s795" xml:space="preserve">ne ſi ſono mai accorti, eſſa ter <lb/>ra eſſe penetrabile dai raggi luminoſi dei corpi celeſti, cioè, eſſer <lb/>anch'eſſa tranſparente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s796" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s797" xml:space="preserve">La 12. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s798" xml:space="preserve">ragione è ſorella dell'altre, la qual naſce dal principio <lb/>commune di tutte le coſe, il qual eſſendo il ſeme caldo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s799" xml:space="preserve">humi-<lb/>do, acció fuſſe baſtante in infinito, di produrre tante, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s800" xml:space="preserve">diuerſe <lb/>coſe, per eſſer di natura acqueo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s801" xml:space="preserve">aereo, era conueneuole, che <lb/>l'acqua fuſſe maggior della terra, la quale ſi ſtima eſſer inettiſſi-<lb/>ma alla generatione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s802" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s803" xml:space="preserve">In fatti non ſi può dir meglio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s804" xml:space="preserve">imperó che l'acqua non è fred-<lb/>da, ma calda, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s805" xml:space="preserve">humida, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s806" xml:space="preserve">acciò fuſſe baſtante in infinito erà <lb/>conueneuole, che la fuſſe maggior della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s807" xml:space="preserve">perche, ſe coſi non <lb/>fuſſe, non ci ſarebbe hormai più acqua, la qual ſin'al preſente ſa-<lb/>rebbe tutta conſumata in ſemenza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s808" xml:space="preserve">ma eſſendo maggior della <lb/>terra, (quantunque di quantità finita) ſeruirà in infinito: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s809" xml:space="preserve">ò bella <lb/>ragion.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s810" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s811" xml:space="preserve">La 13. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s812" xml:space="preserve">ragione, egli vuole, che ſia fondata nella conformità, <lb/>ſecondo le qualità de gl'elementi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s813" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo adunque l'acqua con <lb/>forme all'aria, ſecondo la leggerezza, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s814" xml:space="preserve">humidità & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s815" xml:space="preserve">l'aria co'l <lb/>fuoco, ſecondo la caldezza, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s816" xml:space="preserve">leggierezza, con che il ſuperiore di <pb o="28" file="507.01.028" n="28"/> maggioranza eccede l'inferiote, ſe reſta l'acqua naturalmente <lb/>doppo l'aria, reſtarà in ogni modo della terra maggiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s817" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s818" xml:space="preserve">Qui in fine egli douea più toſto dire, reſterà in parte la terra <lb/>doppo l'acqua.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s819" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s820" xml:space="preserve">S'inganna il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s821" xml:space="preserve">Berga, con queſta leggierezza, ch'egli fa com <lb/>mune all'acqùa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s822" xml:space="preserve">all'aria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s823" xml:space="preserve">Et io dico, che l'acqua communica <lb/>con la terra aſſai piu, mediante la grauita, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s824" xml:space="preserve">la frigidità, che non <lb/>fa con l'aria, con la qual communica ſolamente, mediante l'hu-<lb/>midita, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s825" xml:space="preserve">non con la leggerezza, il che è medeſimamente con-<lb/>firmato da Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s826" xml:space="preserve">nel primo delle Meteore, doue dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s827" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s828" xml:space="preserve">In medio igitur & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s829" xml:space="preserve">circa medium eſt grauiſſimum & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s830" xml:space="preserve">frigidiſſi <lb/>mum corpus ſegregatum, terra & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s831" xml:space="preserve">aqua, circa hæc autem, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s832" xml:space="preserve">atti-<lb/>gua his, eſt aér, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s833" xml:space="preserve">quòd, propter cōſuetudinem, vocamus ignem; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s834" xml:space="preserve">E di più, che perfettiona la rottondità del globo, d'intorno al <lb/>quale circonda l'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s835" xml:space="preserve">poi il fuoco, come dice Ariſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s836" xml:space="preserve">Et ſecon-<lb/>do le giuſte miſure oſleruate dal Piccolomini, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s837" xml:space="preserve">altri galãt'huo-<lb/>mini; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s838" xml:space="preserve">non ſi può dire, che doppo l'aria, reſti più l'acqua, che la <lb/>terra, eſſendo l'aria contigua à maggior ſuperſicie di terra, che di <lb/>acqua non è & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s839" xml:space="preserve">poi Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s840" xml:space="preserve">lo dice medeſimamente nel luogo <lb/>cittato, cioè, che l'aria ſia contigua à l'un' & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s841" xml:space="preserve">all'altro di queſti <lb/>duoi corpi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s842" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s843" xml:space="preserve">La 14. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s844" xml:space="preserve">ragione viene fondata nella attiuità de gl'elementi, nel-<lb/>la quale ſi com prende queſta proportione, che oue ſi troua atti-<lb/>uita maggiore, iui ſi ritroua la reſiſtentia minore, il che non pro-<lb/>cede, che dalla quantità della materia conueneuole à ciaſcun ele-<lb/>mento: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s845" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo adunque l'acqua di attiuita maggiore della ter-<lb/>ta, neceſſario è, che reſti à lei, nella quantità ſuperiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s846" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s847" xml:space="preserve">Queſta ſua ragione èmeza vgonotta in filoſofia, perche l'atti-<lb/>uità de gl'elementi, non naſce dalla quantità della materia, ma <lb/>naſce dalla forma-Ma veramente egli non ſi dourebbe già eſſer <lb/>ſcordato della ſua quarta ragione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s848" xml:space="preserve">perciò che da quella, ſecondo <lb/>lui, dourebbe pur conſiderar, che nell'acqua, non le ſarebbe pur <lb/>vna gozza, (dirò coſi) di materia, più di quella, che nella terra vi <lb/>fuſſe, dato, che non vi ſi aggiongeſſe quella, che alcuni huomini <lb/>hanno in la lor teſta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s849" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s850" xml:space="preserve">La 15. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s851" xml:space="preserve">ragione naſce dall'ordine, ſecondoil ſito dell' uniuerſo: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s852" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo adunque la terra il ſuo centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s853" xml:space="preserve">il cielo la ſua circonfe-<lb/>rentia, la qual auanza di maggioranza il centro, che ſi ſtima eſſer <pb o="29" file="507.01.029" n="29"/> ſimile al punto, ſe ſia l'acqua più conforme, come l'aria, alla cir-<lb/>conferentia, perche non ſia aſſolutamente graue, neceſſario ſarà, <lb/>che reſti maggiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s854" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s855" xml:space="preserve">S'egli haueſſe almeno detto, ſecondo il ſito delle parti dell'uni <lb/>uerſo, ma queſto non vuol dir niente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s856" xml:space="preserve">Quando dice poi, la terra <lb/>eſſer centro dell' uniuerſo, douerebbe pur intēder queſto centro, <lb/>nel modo, che l'intendono quelli, che coſi l han chiamato, i qua-<lb/>li affermano turti, che queſto centro corporeo, è vna sfera, cōpo <lb/>ſta di terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s857" xml:space="preserve">di acqua, onde eſſa acqua, è parte di queſto centro, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s858" xml:space="preserve">n@n vn'orbe eſtrinſeco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s859" xml:space="preserve">ſeparato da coſi fatta sfera, come è <lb/>l'aria, il fuoco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s860" xml:space="preserve">gli etherei, del che, ſe non altro, almeno l'ōbra <lb/>ſua ne gli e ccliſſi lunari, lo dourebbe chiarir, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s861" xml:space="preserve">illuminar di que-<lb/>ſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s862" xml:space="preserve">Et ſe coſi fatto globo compoſto ſi chiama ſimile ad vn pon-<lb/>to, egli non è ſtato chiamato tale, riſpetto all'acqua, ne all'aria, <lb/>ne al fuoco, nead alcun de gl'orbi inferiori, ma ben riſpetto al-<lb/>l'ottauo cielo, per eſſer quello d'incomparabil grandezza, riſpet-<lb/>to à queſto picciol globo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s863" xml:space="preserve">queſto inſenſibile riſpetto à quel <lb/>grandiſſimo, oltre che Ariſtot-glielo dice pur nel primo delle me <lb/>teore, doue parla dei corpi, che riempino l'interuallo, fra queſto <lb/>globo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s864" xml:space="preserve">il cielo con queſte parole.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s865" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s866" xml:space="preserve">Nnlla enim, vt ita dicam, particula, terræ moles eſt, in qua con <lb/>tenta eſt, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s867" xml:space="preserve">tota aquæ multitudo, ad ambientem magnitudi-<lb/>nem.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s868" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s869" xml:space="preserve">La 16 ragione poi, dice, ſarà queſta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s870" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo coſa chiara, che la <lb/>terra ſia ſimile ad vna ſponga cauernoſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s871" xml:space="preserve">porroſa, ſe ſi premeſ-<lb/>ſe bene ſecondo tuttele ſue parti, di gran lunga reſtarebbe mino-<lb/>re, il che non ſi può dell'acqua affermare, per eſſer più continua, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s872" xml:space="preserve">vguale, ſecondo tutte le ſue parti, onde naturalmente ſarà l'ac-<lb/>qua della terra maggiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s873" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s874" xml:space="preserve">Non ſi può dir con ragione, che la terra ſia ſimile ad vna ſpon-<lb/>ga cauernoſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s875" xml:space="preserve">porroſa, in altra parte, che d'intorno alla ſuper-<lb/>ficie, il che conferma etiandio Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s876" xml:space="preserve">nel primo delle meteore, <lb/>doue tratta della genera tione de fiumi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s877" xml:space="preserve">de fonti, mediante co-<lb/>ſi fatte parole.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s878" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s879" xml:space="preserve">Montana enim, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s880" xml:space="preserve">alta loca, velut ſpongia ſuperſuſpenſa, ſe-<lb/>cundum modica quidem, in multis autem locis ſcaturiunt, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s881" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>conſtillant aquam &</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s882" xml:space="preserve">c. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s883" xml:space="preserve">Percioche ſotto al liuello della mag-<lb/>gior profondità del mare, d'intorno intorno, ragioneuol coſ<unsure/>a e, <pb o="30" file="507.01.030" n="30"/> il penſare, chela terra ſia continua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s884" xml:space="preserve">non porroſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s885" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s886" xml:space="preserve">tanto più, <lb/>quanto più va verſo il centro dell'uniuerſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s887" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s888" xml:space="preserve">per conſequentia <lb/>dico della ſua grauezza, cioè, che tanto più habbi da eſſer graue, <lb/>anzi petrificata, la terra adunque non ſi può dir che ſia minor de <lb/>l'acqua.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s889" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s890" xml:space="preserve">La 17. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s891" xml:space="preserve">ragione poi, dice, che reſta fondata nella più perfetta sfe <lb/>ricità dell'acqua, perciò che vgualmēte ſi moua al centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s892" xml:space="preserve">alla <lb/>circonferētia, il che ricerca, che ſia della terra maggiore, ſi come <lb/>l'aria co'l fuoco, eſſendo più perfettamente sferici dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s893" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>della terra, ſono di gran lunga maggiori.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s894" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s895" xml:space="preserve">Strana, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s896" xml:space="preserve">ſtrauagante ragione è queſta, che vn corpo, per eſſer <lb/>più perfettamete sferico dell'altro, habbi anco da eſſer neceſſaria <lb/>mente maggiore, poſto ch'egli non habbi preſol'eſſempio dalla <lb/>teſta di Monſignor della Torre, il qual hauendo la teſta molto <lb/>picciola non l'ha manco punto sferica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s897" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s898" xml:space="preserve">Quando egli medeſimamente dice, perciò che vgualmente ſi <lb/>moua al centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s899" xml:space="preserve">alla circonferentia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s900" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s901" xml:space="preserve">Io confeſſo di non intenderlo, ſi come io non ho manco mai <lb/>inteſo, che doi contrarii poſſin ſtare nel medeſmo tempo, in vn <lb/>ſogetto iſteſſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s902" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s903" xml:space="preserve">che ciò ricerchi che ſia della terra maggiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s904" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s905" xml:space="preserve">Io reſto ſtupefatto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s906" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s907" xml:space="preserve">La 18. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s908" xml:space="preserve">ragione, ſara tale, dice egli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s909" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s910" xml:space="preserve">Poi che, dianzi l'ordine del Chaos, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s911" xml:space="preserve">nel diluuio generale, ha-<lb/>uendo l'acque ſuperate la terra ſi ſiano ſolamente ritirate, ne to-<lb/>talmente conſumate, è neceſſario, che ſiano della terra mag-<lb/>giore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s912" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s913" xml:space="preserve">Non è vero, perche potrebbe molto ben ſtare, che l'acqua co-<lb/>priſſe tutta la ſuperficie della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s914" xml:space="preserve">ſopra eſſa s'inalzaſſe anco <lb/>più di 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s915" xml:space="preserve">miglia, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s916" xml:space="preserve">non fuſſe maggiore di eſſa terra, come in fi-<lb/>nedi queſto diſeorſo ſi vedrà.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s917" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s918" xml:space="preserve">La 19. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s919" xml:space="preserve">ragione, ſi può cauare (dice) (ſeguendo i peripatetici, <lb/>dalla eternità del mondo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s920" xml:space="preserve">perciò chè, ſe l'acqua già per infiniti <lb/>ſecoli paſſati, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s921" xml:space="preserve">da venirc foſſe alla terra inferiore, ſarebbe hor-<lb/>mai tutta diſtrutta, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s922" xml:space="preserve">conſumata, eſſendo di minor reſiſtentia, <lb/>che la terra, il che, però non è auuenuto, eſſendo la generatione <lb/>dell'acque piú facile, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s923" xml:space="preserve">continua, che la terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s924" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s925" xml:space="preserve">O queſta è bella, in verità, che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s926" xml:space="preserve">Berga ha ragione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s927" xml:space="preserve">perció che <lb/>ſel'acqua già per infiniti ſecoli paſſati, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s928" xml:space="preserve">da venire, foſſe alla ter- <pb o="31" file="507.01.031" n="31"/> ra inferiore, ſarebbe hormai tutta diſtrutta, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s929" xml:space="preserve">conſumata, egli <lb/>dice il vero; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s930" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s931" xml:space="preserve">vuol forſi dir coſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s932" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s933" xml:space="preserve">Perche l'eſſer ſtata l'acqua per infiniti ſecoli paſſati maggior <lb/>della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s934" xml:space="preserve">il douer reſtar l'acqua maggior della terra per al-<lb/>tretanti ſecoli à venire, è cagion, che la non ſia mai diſtrutta, nc <lb/>conſumata; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s935" xml:space="preserve">arizi di più, che non ſi diſtruggerà, ne conſumerà <lb/>mai, ſe la ſerua ſempre l'iſteſſa quantità.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s936" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s937" xml:space="preserve">Ma queſti non mi paiono vfficii da galant'huomo, cioè il ru-<lb/>bar i concetti d'altri; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s938" xml:space="preserve">e chi non s'accorgerebbe di gratia, queſto <lb/>eſſer concetto tale, come ſe ſi diceſſe non eſſer giorno, perche è <lb/>notte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s939" xml:space="preserve">Ma quando dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s940" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s941" xml:space="preserve">Il che non è auuenuto, eſſendo la generatione dell'acque più <lb/>facile, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s942" xml:space="preserve">continùa, che della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s943" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s944" xml:space="preserve">Ma à che propoſito adunque farla maggior della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s945" xml:space="preserve">ſe me-<lb/>diante la facile, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s946" xml:space="preserve">continua generatione, ſi può conſeruar la ſpe-<lb/>cie di eſſe acque, ſenza che ſi diſtruggano, ne ſi conſumino.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s947" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s948" xml:space="preserve">La 20. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s949" xml:space="preserve">ragione è fondata nelle inondationi delle acque, le qua-<lb/>li hanno ſommerſo molte terre, il che pare: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s950" xml:space="preserve">che ſia argomento <lb/>della maggioranza dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s951" xml:space="preserve">che habbia ottenuto potenza <lb/>maggiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s952" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s953" xml:space="preserve">Queſti accidenti ſono intorno à qualche particella della ſu-<lb/>perficie della terra, che non vol dir niente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s954" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s955" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo poi la 21. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s956" xml:space="preserve">ragione del S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s957" xml:space="preserve">Berga, l'iſteſſo in ſoſtanza, ch'è <lb/>la terza non occorrerà dir altro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s958" xml:space="preserve">ſaluo, che non ſarebbe ſtato <lb/>buon gioſtratore, non ſi ricordando delle lanze corſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s959" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s960" xml:space="preserve">Alla 24. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s961" xml:space="preserve">facciata poi, doue ſi penſa di prouar, che l'acqua non <lb/>ſia concentrica con la terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s962" xml:space="preserve">che di eſſa con la terra non ſi com <lb/>ponga vn ſol globo, dice in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s963" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s964" xml:space="preserve">Quanto al primo capo adunque, ſe l'acqua foſſe concentrica, <lb/>nel modo ſudetto con la terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s965" xml:space="preserve">che dieſſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s966" xml:space="preserve">la terra fuſſe com-<lb/>poſto vn globo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s967" xml:space="preserve">ſarebbe neceſſario, chel'acqua fuſſe cōtinua con <lb/>la terra, il che viene riputato falſo, poi che ſia di natura, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s968" xml:space="preserve">ſpecie, <lb/>l'acqua differente dalla terra, hauēdo qualità diuerſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s969" xml:space="preserve">propria <lb/>circonſcrittione, eſſendo contigua alla terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s970" xml:space="preserve">parte di tutto il <lb/>globo compoſto, di eſſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s971" xml:space="preserve">della terra, con che ſeguirebbono gli <lb/>inconuenienti da noi nella ragion delli centri allegati, i quali <lb/>eſſendo di molta importanza, neceſſario è di confeſſare, che vera-<lb/>mente dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s972" xml:space="preserve">della terra non reſti formato vn globo eon <pb o="32" file="507.01.032" n="32"/> centrico, ſecondo il centro proprio della grãdezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s973" xml:space="preserve">ma ſolamen-<lb/>te, ſecondo il centro della grauezza commune, poi che l'acqua <lb/>reſta etiandio ſolamente contigua con eſſa terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s974" xml:space="preserve">non già con-<lb/>tinua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s975" xml:space="preserve">di circonſcritione ſeparata, come la definitione delia <lb/>parte del corpo dimoſtra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s976" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s977" xml:space="preserve">Scompigliati concetti veramente ſon queſtj, poi che vuol ne-<lb/>gar, che ſi poſſa componer vn tutto di parti etereogenee, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s978" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>contigue fra loro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s979" xml:space="preserve">tuttauia, egli è sforzato à chiamar l'acqua <lb/>parte di tu@to il@globo compoſto di eſſa, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s980" xml:space="preserve">della terra, onde il dire <lb/>egli, che, ſe dell acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s981" xml:space="preserve">della terra fuſſe cõpoſto vn ſol globo, ſa <lb/>rebbe neceſſario, che l'acqua fuſſe continua con la terra, e coſa in-<lb/>tolerabile, per cio che, moſtra dinon ſi ricordar che coſa ſignifica <lb/>queſta voce di compoſitione, a differentia di miſtone; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s982" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s983" xml:space="preserve">nondi-<lb/>meno tutto l vniuerſo, è pur compoſto di due regioni generali, <lb/>vna delle quali, ſi chiama celeſte, ouer etherea, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s984" xml:space="preserve">l'altra elemen-<lb/>tare di natura diuerſiſſima l'vna, dal'altra & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s985" xml:space="preserve">non continue, ma <lb/>contigue fra loro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s986" xml:space="preserve">la etherea, e pur compoſta, anche eſſa ditan-<lb/>ti orbi, contigui fra loro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s987" xml:space="preserve">nō continui. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s988" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s989" xml:space="preserve">poigia egli confeſſa, la <lb/>ſuperf icie ſuprema dell'aqua, eſſer sferica, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s990" xml:space="preserve">q̄lla della terra, me-<lb/>deſimamĕte sferica, quantunque nō coſi eſſatamente, però quel-<lb/>la inequalità, è inſenſibile, riſpeto al tutto, il che, non mi può nega <lb/>re, Hora eglinega cheil cētro dalla sfericeità de<unsure/>laqua, ſia un iſteſ-<lb/>ſo col cētro della sfericeità della terra, ma cōfeſſa, ben, che q̄ſtidoi <lb/>corpiſiano cōcentiri mediāte il centro della grauezza, il che, quã <lb/>do coſi fuſſe, ció e, chei centri della grauezza di queſti doi corpi, <lb/>fuſſero vniti inſieme & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s991" xml:space="preserve">i centri della grandezza loro, ſepatati, ne <lb/>ſeguirebbe dico, chela<unsure/> terra poteſſe ſpontar fuori dell'aqua, da <lb/>quella ſol parte dalla qualefuſſe il centro della grandezza ſua & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s992" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>non da tutte, come fa in effetto, d'ogni intorno, ſi come a noſtri <lb/>tem pi s'è ſcoperto, ma ſpuntando la terra fuori (com'ho gia det-<lb/>to di ſopra) dell'aqua, da ogni parte, eſſendo noiſicuri, della eſſat <lb/>ta sfericeità dell'acqua, la terra adūque, haura la sfericeita ſua, vni <lb/>tamente con quella dell'acqua la differentia poi, dal piu al meno; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s993" xml:space="preserve">coſi di alto ò baſſo, come de monti & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s994" xml:space="preserve">valli è inſenſibiliſſima ri-<lb/>ſpetto al tutto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s995" xml:space="preserve">Hor ſe le circonferentie di coſi fatti corpi, ſi vniſco <lb/>no inſieme, adonque i lor cĕtri, ſaran vniti, anch'eſſi ma quel del-<lb/>la sfericeità dell'acqua, è vnito co'l cētro del mōdo, ó voglian dir <lb/>del vniuerſo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s996" xml:space="preserve">coſi anco quello della grauità della terra, adōque, <pb o="33" file="507.01.033" n="33"/> quel della sfericeità della terra, ſarà vnito con quello della gra-<lb/>uità ſua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s997" xml:space="preserve">tutti ſaran in vn punto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s998" xml:space="preserve">Di piu. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s999" xml:space="preserve">Egli non auettiſſe, che <lb/>ſe'l cētro della grauità della terra, è vnito, cō quello dell'acqua, <lb/>egli ſarà vn'iſteſſo co'l cét@o dell'vniuerſo, perche quello dell'-<lb/>acqua è cōgiuntiſſimo con quello dell'vniuerſo, onde facendo <lb/>egli, il centro della grādezza della terra, ſeparato da quello della <lb/>grauezza ſua, verebbe à contradir à ſe ſteſſo, il qual n ella prima <lb/>ſua ragione par che vogli che la terra ſia equilibrata nel centro <lb/>dell'vniuerſo mediante il centro della grandezza ſua, più toſto <lb/>che mediante quel della grauezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1000" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1001" xml:space="preserve">Doue dice poi, che l'acqua ha propria circonſcrittione, par <lb/>che non ſi ricordi, che l'acqua ſia di quei corpi, i quali ſi finiſco-<lb/>no da termine alieno.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1002" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1003" xml:space="preserve">Ma che, ne fuſſe per ſeguir quei inconuenienti da lui allegati <lb/>nella ragion dei cētri, egliha vna grā ragiōe, Prima ne ſeguireb-<lb/>be, che'l centro della grandezza & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1004" xml:space="preserve">della grauezza della terra & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1005" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>dell'acqua, fuſſe in vn ſol pūto, di più, ne ſeguirebbe, che'l centro <lb/>della grauezza, non fuſſe nel vniuerſo diſtinto dal cētro della ma <lb/>gnitudine, ma peggio, che ſareſſimo aſtretti, à finger vn nuouo <lb/>corpo, il quale ſoſtentaſſe la terra, à ciò non ſi rōpeſſe il collo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1006" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>ſopra tutto, ne ſeguirebbe vna gran mutatione, ſecōdo il ſito de <lb/>poli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1007" xml:space="preserve">ordine de gl'elemēti, ſi che, i corpi graui voleriano all' in <lb/>sù (per che, all'deſcendere, non haurebbono biſogno di ale, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1008" xml:space="preserve">per ciò nō volerebbono all'ingiu) & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1009" xml:space="preserve">i leggieri deſcendereb-<lb/>bono all'ingiù. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1010" xml:space="preserve">Ma non s'accorge il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1011" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1012" xml:space="preserve">Berga, che inquāto alla <lb/>mutatione, ſecondo il ſito de i poli, l'inconueniente è gia occor-<lb/>ſo, poiche, l'orſe han cangiato polo, lequali, ſi come prima cor-<lb/>reuan d'intorno al polo artico, al preſente, corrono d'intorno<unsure/> <lb/>al polo antartico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1013" xml:space="preserve">Et la eleuation della terra, che era ſotto il polo <lb/>artico, adeſſo è ſotto il polo antartico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1014" xml:space="preserve">Il che appartien alla muta <lb/>tion de gl'elementi come dice ſua Eccell.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1015" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1016" xml:space="preserve">Gl'inditii poi, della rottondità dell'acqua, che egli ha copiato <lb/>dal Sacroboſco, ſono boni, ſin à quel termine, doue piglia per in-<lb/>ditio di eſſa rortondità, le gozze dell'acqua, ſopra le foglie de gli <lb/>arbori, nella qual coſa, il detto Sacroboſco, è ſtato più tōdo, che <lb/>non ſono le dette gozze, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1017" xml:space="preserve">coſi transforma nell'iſteſſa figura, <lb/>ciaſcun, che in queſto, lo ſegue. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1018" xml:space="preserve">ma per che, à coſi fatto inditio, <lb/>già è ſtato riſpoſto, da altri gallant'homini.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1019" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="34" file="507.01.034" n="34"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1020" xml:space="preserve">Paſſerò anch'io à dirle eſſer grand'errore, il creder chel'onde <lb/>del mare ſiano di figura sferica, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1021" xml:space="preserve">peggio è ancor, à dire.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1022" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1023" xml:space="preserve">Come nel nauigar ſi proua. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1024" xml:space="preserve">Impero che, nõ ogni ſuperficie cur <lb/>ua è sfet<unsure/>ica, ſia poi cōueſſa ó cōcaua ò come ſi vogli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1025" xml:space="preserve">Ma qñ poi, <lb/>co'l mezo di queſta ſua tōdezza dell'onde, vuol argumētar, l'ac-<lb/>qua eſſer piu cminente della terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1026" xml:space="preserve">Et per dimonſtrar l'iſteſſo ſu-<lb/>bito corre all'ombra dell'acque maritime. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1027" xml:space="preserve">da lui, forſi, oſſcruate <lb/>nelli eccliſſi de la luna, io non ſo piu, che mi dire.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1028" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1029" xml:space="preserve">Almeno diceſſe egli, di hauer anco viſto l'ōbre delle mõtagne, <lb/>in quei ſuoi eccliſſi, volea dire, l'õbre delle onde, ma egli mi hau <lb/>rebbe poſſuto riſponder, che all'hora, era bonazza in mare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1030" xml:space="preserve">Però <lb/>nō è men b ll'argumēto, di queſto, quel che ſegue, ciò è. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1031" xml:space="preserve">Dal na <lb/>ſcondeiſi à noi,<unsure/> il ſole, ſi che paia, che ſi ſommerga, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1032" xml:space="preserve">attuffi ne <lb/>l'onde, nel ſuo tramontare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1033" xml:space="preserve">Adūque l'acqua e più eminēte del a <lb/>terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1034" xml:space="preserve">Nō ſi può dir meglio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1035" xml:space="preserve">Ecco la ragione che fa, ſi com'io cre-<lb/>do, il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1036" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1037" xml:space="preserve">Berga. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1038" xml:space="preserve">Il Sole è piu alto che non è la terra, il chenon ſi <lb/>può negare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1039" xml:space="preserve">Horquand'egli tramonta, l'onde del mare ſi veg-<lb/>gono nell'iſteſſa linea co'l ſole, il che medeſmamēte non ſi può <lb/>negare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1040" xml:space="preserve">adunque le onde del mare, ſono piu alte che non e la <lb/>terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1041" xml:space="preserve">Ma quando dice, per prouar l'iſteſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1042" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1043" xml:space="preserve">Aggiōgono i noſtri peripatetici, che vna gleba della terra piu ſi <lb/>profondi che vna gleba dell'acqua (per dir come egli dice) eſ-<lb/>ſendo la terra, aſſolutamente graue, poi che la terra reſti atta di <lb/>deſcender al centro dell'vniuerſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1044" xml:space="preserve">l'acqua, ſolamente al cen-<lb/>tro de la grauezza, per il che, naturalmente reſta più eminente <lb/>l'acqua, della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1045" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1046" xml:space="preserve">Hor queſta, è vna ragion, che ſtringe più di tutte. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1047" xml:space="preserve">Perche, piu ſi profondi, vna gleba di terra, che vna di acqua, ciò <lb/>è, per che, la terra è atta di diſcender al centro dell'vniuerſo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1048" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>l'acqua, ſolamente al centro della grauezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1049" xml:space="preserve">D'onde io ſcopro <lb/>ben hora, tutto il mondo, eſſer ſtato pieno di Alochi, incomin-<lb/>ciando da Maeſtro Ariſtotile, che nō ſi ſiano mai accorti, ritro-<lb/>uarſi queſti doi diuerſi centri al mondo, ciò è vno dell vniuer-<lb/>ſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1050" xml:space="preserve">l'altro della grauezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1051" xml:space="preserve">ciò è quello, al qual inclinano i corpi <lb/>graui, il qual centro, eſſendo piu eminente, che nō è quel dell'v-<lb/>niuerſo, per conſequentia l'acqua ſara piu eminente che la terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1052" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1053" xml:space="preserve">Ma che coſi fatto centro, al qual inclinano i corpi graui, ſia <lb/>più eminente di quel dell'vniuerſo, s'egli è ſeparato da queſto, <pb o="35" file="507.01.035" n="35"/> come tiene ſua Eccellen. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1054" xml:space="preserve">non occorre à dubitare, per cio che, il <lb/>centro dell'vniuerſo, e l'infimo di tutti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1055" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1056" xml:space="preserve">Non è, manco, da tranſcurar, quel che ſegue, doue dice ſua <lb/>Eccellent.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1057" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1058" xml:space="preserve">Et ſe ciò non fuſſe, non ſi mouerebbe l'aqua, alla concaua par <lb/>te dell'aria.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1059" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1060" xml:space="preserve">L'acqua adonque, ſi muoue alla concaua parte dell'aria, per <lb/>che, l'acqua è atta à deſcender al centro della grauezza, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1061" xml:space="preserve">non <lb/>al centro dell'vniuerſo, Molto ben veramente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1062" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1063" xml:space="preserve">Ne ſarebbe dal fuoco tirata, non tirādoſi la terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1064" xml:space="preserve">Credo ch'ei <lb/>voglia inferir, che l'acqua entri, ò ſi muoua, anco, verſo la con-<lb/>cauità dell'aria, per virtù del fuoco, nel iſteſſo modo, nel qual, <lb/>ha datto l'eſemp o di ſopra, della caraffa, ò vaſo riſcaldato, <lb/>Egli ſi imagina adonq;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1065" xml:space="preserve">, che l'aria ſia vna caraffa riſcaldata, d'o-<lb/>gn'intorno dal orbe del fuoco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1066" xml:space="preserve">che p cio, anco, l'aqua ſi muo-<lb/>ua uerſola concaua parte dell'aria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1067" xml:space="preserve">Queſti ſon concetti noui, nō <lb/>mai piu auertiti da alcuno, ch'io ſapia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1068" xml:space="preserve">Vn'altra ragione adduce <lb/>ancor, dicendo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1069" xml:space="preserve">Con cio ſia coſa, che ſe piu alta fuſſe la terra, del <lb/>l'acqua, neceſſario ſarebbe, che vn elemento naturalmente fuſſe <lb/>luogo naturale, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1070" xml:space="preserve">proprio di due elementi, il che, ſi troua eſſer <lb/>impoſſibile, poi che naturalmĕte, ſia ſolamente luogo de l'vno. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1071" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1072" xml:space="preserve">violentemente dell'altro.) </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1073" xml:space="preserve">Biſogna adunque che le ſuperficie <lb/>ſcoperte dell' acque, ſian piu alte di quelle della terra ſcoperta, à <lb/>ciò, non ne ſegua coſi fatto inconueniente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1074" xml:space="preserve">Di maniera che <lb/>quando coſi ſarà, come vuol il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1075" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1076" xml:space="preserve">Berga, allhora l'aria ſarà, <lb/>luogo naturalmente dell'aqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1077" xml:space="preserve">violentemente della terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1078" xml:space="preserve">On <lb/>de la terra farebbe violentia al l'aria, à ciò le faceſſe luogo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1079" xml:space="preserve">In ef-<lb/>fetto, non ſi può imaginar meglio, Di piu ancora, dice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1080" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Se adūqueſia venuto, che reſti vn globo compoſto, dell'acqua, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1081" xml:space="preserve">della terra, non è pero da ſtimare, che tutte le parti dell'acque <lb/>reſtino manco eminenti di eſſa terra, (qui egli s' è ricordato, del-<lb/>l acque de pozzi, de ciſterne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1082" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1083" xml:space="preserve">d'altre ſotterranee) poi che, ſia <lb/>ſt ato neceſſario, acciò, il calore dell'aria, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1084" xml:space="preserve">del fuoco ſi contem-<lb/>peraſſe, cò'l frcdo ecceſſiuo dell'acqua, che l'acqua toſſe conti-<lb/>gua all'aria.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1085" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1086" xml:space="preserve">O queſta è la bella ragiōe, per che, ſe dette ſuꝑfic<unsure/>ie dell'acque, <lb/>fuſſero punto piu baſſe, che quelle della terra, ſareſſimo hor-<lb/>mai tutti arſi, d'onde credo, che da queſto ſi ſcopri vn bel ſecret <pb o="36" file="507.01.036" n="36"/> @o, cio è, la caggion de gli incēdij vniuerſali, che ſara, foi<unsure/> ſi, dal ab <lb/>baſſarſi, all'hora, le ſuperficie del'acque, ma poi ritornando ad <lb/>alzarſi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1087" xml:space="preserve">ceſſar l'incendio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1088" xml:space="preserve">Doue dice poi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1089" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1090" xml:space="preserve">Onde che, del mar, non ſi conceda, eſſendo che, ſtādo noi ſo-<lb/>pra vn monte, molto lontano dal mare, benche ſiano altri mon <lb/>ti di mezo, Si vegga però il mare, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1091" xml:space="preserve">non la terra piana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1092" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1093" xml:space="preserve">Bel ponto di proſpettiua è queſto veramente, cheegli allega, <lb/>per ſegno della eminentia della ſuperficie del mare, la qual ſi <lb/>puo veder dalla ſumità di quel monte lōtano dal mare, ben che <lb/>neſiano altri monti di mezo, i quali, credo, che egli uogli infe-<lb/>rir, che ſiano del'iſteſſa altezza, o piu di quello d'onde egli vide <lb/>il mate, imperò che ſe fuſſero più baſſi, non ſarebbe marauiglia, <lb/>che'l mar ſi vedeſſe, ſe ben la ſuperficie ſua fuſſe più baſſa della <lb/>terra & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1094" xml:space="preserve">per cio dice, che non ſi uede la terra piana, ſtando ſopra <lb/>quel monte, perche eſſendo la terra piana, piu baſſa del monte, <lb/>biſognerebbe abbaſſar la viſta, per vederla, onde vedendo il ma-<lb/>re, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1095" xml:space="preserve">non la terra piana, ſegno è, apreſſo ſua Eccellentia, che <lb/>il mare ſia piu alto che la terra, al diſpetto della. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1096" xml:space="preserve">10. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1097" xml:space="preserve">propoſitione <lb/>della proſpettiua di Euclide, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1098" xml:space="preserve">della. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1099" xml:space="preserve">37. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1100" xml:space="preserve">del quarto di Vitellio-<lb/>ne, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1101" xml:space="preserve">tale oſſeruatione credo certo, che ſua Eccellentia haurà <lb/>fatta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1102" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1103" xml:space="preserve">L'argumento delle neui ſopra i monti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1104" xml:space="preserve">de i vapori valeria <lb/>qualche coſa, ſe coſi fatte neui & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1105" xml:space="preserve">vapori fuſſer acque attuali, ò <lb/>vogliā dir formali, ma non eſſendo, egli ſi riſolue in fumo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1106" xml:space="preserve">Ma <lb/>quando dice, i vapori eſſer contigui all'aria, moſtra de non ſi ri-<lb/>cordar della definition della cōtiguità, che Ariſt. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1107" xml:space="preserve">pone nel quin-<lb/>to della fiſicà & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1108" xml:space="preserve">moſtra d hauer opinione, che i vapori habbino <lb/>vn o@be ſeparato da per loro, ſenza atia alcuno in eſſo, ma che <lb/>l'aria ſia tottalmēte fuori del orbe de i vapori, onde ne ſeguireb-<lb/>be che l'arià non fuſſe pūto contigua alla terra, ne all'acqua, ma <lb/>fuſſe lontana dalla ſuperficie di queſto globo, più di cinquanta <lb/>miglia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1109" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1110" xml:space="preserve">Quando dice poi Ne ſi debbe, in contrario addure la ſuperfi-<lb/>cie della terra ſcoperta, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1111" xml:space="preserve">altezza delle montagne, poi che per <lb/>la ſalute de gl'animali, ſia ſtato neceſſario, alla prouidenza della <lb/>natura, di ritenere con la uirtù, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1112" xml:space="preserve">influenza del cielo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1113" xml:space="preserve">delle ſtel <lb/>le, l'acque, nelle concauità della terra, accio, co'l mouimēto uer <lb/>ſo l'aria, non copriſſero tutta la terra, con che reſta la ſentenza <pb o="37" file="507.01.037" n="37"/> d'Ariſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1114" xml:space="preserve">più che vera, eſſer l'acqua maggior della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1115" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1116" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1117" xml:space="preserve">Queſt altra medeſimamĕte e vna bella ragione, per la quale, <lb/>le acque non inondano la terra, ciò è, perla virtù, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1118" xml:space="preserve">influenza <lb/>del cielo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1119" xml:space="preserve">delle ſtelle, che ritengono l'acque nelle concauità <lb/>della terra, maio haurei penſato chel'acque, le quali ſitrouano <lb/>nelle concauità della terra, non fuſſer quelle che poteſſero inon-<lb/>dar la ſupei ficie ſcoperta di eſſa terra, ne manco le montagne, <lb/>ma ben queile, che eſcono di ſopra delle concauitadi, Et quan-<lb/>do conſidero poi ch'l fuoco le tira ànche egli, miquieto in par-<lb/>te, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1120" xml:space="preserve">non in tutto, per che ſel fuoco le tira, egli douerebbe anco <lb/>ritenerle coſi ſoſpeſe, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1121" xml:space="preserve">non le abbandonar, co'l laſſiarle andar <lb/>à ſpaſſo, ma dice bene il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1122" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1123" xml:space="preserve">Berga che il fuoco le tira, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1124" xml:space="preserve">il cielo cõ <lb/>la virtù ſua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1125" xml:space="preserve">influenza delle ſtelle le ritiene, percio che, il fuo-<lb/>co, come piu nobile del cielo, ha forza di tirarle, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1126" xml:space="preserve">al cielo come <lb/>men nobile, baſta di ritenerle Bella conſequentia poi & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1127" xml:space="preserve">neceſſa-<lb/>ria, fa ſua Eccel. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1128" xml:space="preserve">ciò è, che da q̃ſto ne ſeguiti, la ſentenza d' Ariſt. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1129" xml:space="preserve">reſtar più che vera, ciò e, l'eſſer l'acquamaggior della terra, poi <lb/>chel'acqua è più eminente di eſſa terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1130" xml:space="preserve">Queſte ſono ragioni dè-<lb/>moſtratiue, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1131" xml:space="preserve">nuoue.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1132" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1133" xml:space="preserve">Hor paſſiamo adunque al. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1134" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1135" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1136" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1137" xml:space="preserve">prima, in quanto alla ri-<lb/>ſpoſta ch'egli fa al Piccol. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1138" xml:space="preserve">dinõ voler admetter altre acque, che <lb/>quelle del Mare, doue ha torto il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1139" xml:space="preserve">S Berga, per ció cheil Picco. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1140" xml:space="preserve">ha <lb/>fatto conſideratione, piu diligente, piu eſquiſita, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1141" xml:space="preserve">più ragione-<lb/>uole, che non ha fatto ſua Eccell. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1142" xml:space="preserve">ſi come può chiarirſi chi ſi vo <lb/>glia nel. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1143" xml:space="preserve">6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1144" xml:space="preserve">capo di quel trattato.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1145" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1146" xml:space="preserve">Quanto poi a!. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1147" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1148" xml:space="preserve">della profondità de mari, gia l'ho detto di <lb/>ſopra mile volte, che, egli non ſi cura, quando ben profondaſſe-<lb/>ro in ſino al centro dell' vniuerſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1149" xml:space="preserve">Ma che ne ſiano acqne in co-<lb/>pia maggiore nelle cauerne & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1150" xml:space="preserve">voragini dell a terra, contenute ſi-<lb/>no al centro di eſſa terra, come il Cardano racconta, talmente, <lb/>che nel inferno, ſi trouino acque, per nodrire il fuoco materiale, <lb/>che iui ſi troua de iloro vapori. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1151" xml:space="preserve">Io linego che quel fuoco habbi <lb/>biſogno di nutrimĕto, il qual fuoco nego anco, che iui ſia natu-<lb/>ralmente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1152" xml:space="preserve">di piu dico che quelle coſi fatte acque ſariano an-<lb/>cor eſſe fuor del ſuo luogo naturale, il qual è ſopra la terra & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1153" xml:space="preserve">nõ <lb/>ſotto di eſſa, ſi come di ſopra ho già detto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1154" xml:space="preserve">Non ſono adunque, <lb/>coſi fatte acque ſotto al liuello del fondo del mare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1155" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1156" xml:space="preserve">Quel poi, ch'egli dice, contra al quarto ſuppoſito, è vn errore <pb o="38" file="507.01.038" n="38"/> doue adeſſo vorebbe pur conceder, che dell'acqua & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1157" xml:space="preserve">della terra <lb/>ſi componeſſe vn globo, à ſuo modo però, ma non è compo-<lb/>ſto ſecondo la Idea che'egliſi imagina, per che à q̃ſto, il Picco. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1158" xml:space="preserve">riſponde beniſſimo co'l dire, che quanto più ſotto, verſo il cen-<lb/>tro, è la terrà, tanto piu conſtipate, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1159" xml:space="preserve">condenſate ſono le ſue par-<lb/>ti, doue non vi può capir, ne penetrar acqua di ſorte alcuna.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1160" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1161" xml:space="preserve">Al quinto ſuppoſito, il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1162" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1163" xml:space="preserve">Berga incolpa à torto il Piccolomini <lb/>p ciò che, detto Piccolomini ha abbraciato tutte l'acque, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1164" xml:space="preserve">Q<unsure/>ſide <lb/>rato tutti imari, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1165" xml:space="preserve">doue il mondo è ambiguo, d'intorno al po <lb/>lo antartico (non dico ſotto l'orſe) ha ſuppoſto, più toſto acqua <lb/>che terra, come ſi vede nel quinto cap.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1166" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1167" xml:space="preserve">L'incertitudine poi de i ſuppoſiti del Piccolomini è forſi apreſ-<lb/>ſo del S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1168" xml:space="preserve">Berga, ma nõ apreſſo di chi l'intende. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1169" xml:space="preserve">Nella riſpoſta poi <lb/>che fa il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1170" xml:space="preserve">Berga al cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1171" xml:space="preserve">9. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1172" xml:space="preserve">del Piccolomini, dice in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1173" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1174" xml:space="preserve">Riſpondendo adunque nel cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1175" xml:space="preserve">nono del ſuo trattato, alla <lb/>prima raggione preſa dall'autorità di Tolomeo, nega che la sfe-<lb/>ra del aere comprenda tanto ſpacio, il che nõ può con verità ne-<lb/>gare, poi che tre ſiano le sfere, ò ſia reggioni dell'aria, delle'qua-<lb/>li, inconſideratamente nega la terza, nella quale, le impreſſioni <lb/>ignee ſogliano produrſi, ſi che ſarà l'aria, ſecondo li duoi modi <lb/>dichiarati, più grãde diqueſto globo, poi che occupi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1176" xml:space="preserve">piu pro-<lb/>fonda, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1177" xml:space="preserve">ampia sfera, per il che reſta l'autorita di Tolomeo nel <lb/>la ſua forza, per dimoſtrare che l'acqua ſia maggior della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1178" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1179" xml:space="preserve">In queſto luogo il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1180" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1181" xml:space="preserve">Berga singãna, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1182" xml:space="preserve">incolpa à torto il Pic-<lb/>co. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1183" xml:space="preserve">nel. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1184" xml:space="preserve">9. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1185" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1186" xml:space="preserve">per ciò che, non è veró, ch'eſſo Piccolomini neghi, <lb/>ne habbi mai negato la terza region dell'aria, poi che, nel'iſteſſo <lb/>cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1187" xml:space="preserve">al tergo della. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1188" xml:space="preserve">18. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1189" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1190" xml:space="preserve">dice coſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1191" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1192" xml:space="preserve">Perciò che, come à più ſegni, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1193" xml:space="preserve">con più ragioni è ſtato proua-<lb/>to, la eſtrema altezza della terza regione dell'aria, per tanto bre-<lb/>ue ſpacio ſi ſtende in alto, che à cento cinquanta miglia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1194" xml:space="preserve">ò poco <lb/>più, non può arriuare, onde quando ben ſi concedeſſe, che à du-<lb/>gento, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1195" xml:space="preserve">à trecento arriuaſſe (la qual coſa è da ſtimar falſa per <lb/>eſſer la meza regione dell'aria, doue le nubi ſi generanno, alta <lb/>nella maggior altezza della loro conſiſtenza, non più di cinquã-<lb/>ta vno miglia, come ſi vede, per dimõſtratione di Vitellione, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1196" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>ſi conferma per altre geometriche ſupputationi, dà me fatte, nel <lb/>l'ombre delle nubi in terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1197" xml:space="preserve">ancora per l'altezza d'alcuni <lb/>monti, che'l ſitc della condenſatione delle nubi auanzano.)</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1198" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="39" file="507.01.039" n="39"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1199" xml:space="preserve">Meglio adunque douea il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1200" xml:space="preserve">Beiga conſiderar coſi fatto cap. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1201" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1202" xml:space="preserve">non incolpar il Piccolomini da incõſiderato, ſenza ragione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1203" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1204" xml:space="preserve">Inquanto poi alla ſpiſſitudine, ó vogliam dir groſſezza totta-<lb/>le dell'orbe aereo, che in tre ot<unsure/>bi particolari simagina eſſer di-<lb/>uiſo, ciaſcun de quali ſi chiama regiene, non voglio determina <lb/>re, ma ſin'à quanto s'malzi la ſeconda, ouer doue incomincia la <lb/>terza, ſi puo ben comprender, da quel, che dice Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1205" xml:space="preserve">il quale <lb/>nel primo delle Meteore, ſcriſſe in tal guiſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1206" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1207" xml:space="preserve">Cur igitur nubes ſupero in loco non conſiſtant, hanc eſſe cau <lb/>ſam exiſtimãdum eſt, inibi non aerem ſolum ſed potius ignem <lb/>eſſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1208" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1209" xml:space="preserve">D'onde chiaramente ſi può comprender, che la terza region <lb/>dell'aria, doue le nubi non poſſono aſcender, incominci ſubito <lb/>da eſſe nubi in sù, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1210" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo noi certi, ch'eſſe nubi non poſſano <lb/>aſcĕder piu, che ſin à 52. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1211" xml:space="preserve">miglia Ittaliane in circa, per la demõſtra <lb/>tion di Vitellion<unsure/>e, la qual è diuina (in barba del Cardano, il qual <lb/>pocco auuedutamĕtela riprende, proponĕdo egli vna ſua falſiſ-<lb/>ſima ſtrada, nel lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1212" xml:space="preserve">de ſubtilitate) potiam anco eſſercerti, che <lb/>tanto lontano danoi cominci detta terza regione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1213" xml:space="preserve">Potiamo an-<lb/>co penſar che detta terza regione, comincia à participare della <lb/>natura del fuoco, come dice Ariſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1214" xml:space="preserve">il qual in coſi fatto modo, <lb/>poco di ſopra medeſimamente cila manifeſta, ſcriuendo prima <lb/>delle inferiori.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1215" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1216" xml:space="preserve">Verũ aduertere oportet, eius ꝙ à nobis aĕr dicitur, vocaturque <lb/>quod vaporem referat, terręqueexhalationem habeat, partem <lb/>vnam quæ circa terram eſt ueluti calentem, humidamque eſſe, <lb/>alteram, quæ ſuperior eſt, calidam iam eſſe atque aridam.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1217" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1218" xml:space="preserve">D onde manifeſtamente ſi vede, quanto uicina ci ſia la ter-<lb/>za region, ciò è la ſuprema dell'aria, adunque il Picco. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1219" xml:space="preserve">è accuſa-<lb/>to à torto dal. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1220" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1221" xml:space="preserve">Berga, ne per ciò, ſi altera pũto il calcolo di To-<lb/>lomeo, intorno alla proportiõ del ſemidiametro della tottal re-<lb/>gion elementare, al ſemidiametro di queſto globo, il qual To-<lb/>lomeo non ha fatto per dimonſtrar, che l'acqua ſia maggior <lb/>della terra come ſi penſa il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1222" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1223" xml:space="preserve">Berga.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1224" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1225" xml:space="preserve">In quãto poi alla. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1226" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1227" xml:space="preserve">ragiõe preſa dalla omogeneità, il Piccolo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1228" xml:space="preserve">ha ragiõe, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1229" xml:space="preserve">il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1230" xml:space="preserve">Berga ha il torto, perci<unsure/>ò che, quãtũq; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1231" xml:space="preserve">una quã-<lb/>tità di materia, che ſotto la forma di terra ſi ritroui, occupi mi-<lb/>nor interuallo corporeo, che la medeſma non fa ſotto la forma <pb o="40" file="507.01.040" n="40"/> dell acqua, nõ è per ciò, da dire, che tutta l'acqua ſia di maggior <lb/>quantità della terra, imperòche, ſinegarà ſempre, che tanta ma-<lb/>teria ſia in tutta l'acqua, quanta in tutta la terra, poi che, dalle di-<lb/>uine ragioni matematice, ſi ſcopre, la terra eſſer grandiſſimamĕ <lb/>te maggior dell'acqua, il che, in fine di queſto diſcorſo demon-<lb/>ſtraremmo, Il Piccolomini ad onque dice bene, ciò è, che, quan-<lb/>tunque gli clementi ſiano in ogni parte loro ſucceſſiuamente <lb/>generabili & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1232" xml:space="preserve">corrottibili non dimeno, inſieme ſecondo ſe intie-<lb/>ramente preſi, corromper non ſi poſſono, ne generare, ne val põ-<lb/>to la loica del. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1233" xml:space="preserve">S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1234" xml:space="preserve">Berga, per ciò che, il Piccolomini non li con <lb/>cede, che ſecondo il tutto gli elemĕti ſi mutino, anzi gli lo nega, <lb/>per che, ogni poſſibile, naturalmente non ſi pone in eſſer, quan-<lb/>tunque ſe lo potiamo imaginare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1235" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1236" xml:space="preserve">In quanto alla terza ragione, che ſe l'acqua per la maggior <lb/>parte non copriſſe la terra, non ſi potrebbe, con più ragione, di-<lb/>re, che l'aria, nella diſpoſitione de gli elementi, foſſe collocata <lb/>ſopra dell' acqua, che ſopra la terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1237" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1238" xml:space="preserve">Senon lo può dir egli lo diranno tutti gl'altri, cioè che laria <lb/>ſia ſopra, ouer d'intorno, à queſto globo compoſto, diterra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1239" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>di acqua incominciando da Ariſt. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1240" xml:space="preserve">il quale dice coſi, come io ho <lb/>già detto diſopra, nel primo lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1241" xml:space="preserve">delle meteore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1242" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1243" xml:space="preserve">In medio igitur, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1244" xml:space="preserve">circa medium, eſt grauiſſimum, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1245" xml:space="preserve">frigi-<lb/>diſſimum corpus ſegregatum, terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1246" xml:space="preserve">aqua, circa hæc autem, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1247" xml:space="preserve">attigua his, eſt aer, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1248" xml:space="preserve">quod propter conſuetudinem vocamus <lb/>ignem & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1249" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1250" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1251" xml:space="preserve">Oltre, che, la riſpoſta del Piccolom. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1252" xml:space="preserve">è boniſſima, dicendo che <lb/>nõ meno aſcĕderebbe il fuoco verſo il ſuo orbe, quãdo eſſo fuſ-<lb/>ſedalla natura fatto minor dell'orbe aereo, diq̃l ch egli fa al pre-<lb/>ſente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1253" xml:space="preserve">Per ciò che, l'ordine naturale del ſito delle parti diq̃ſto glo <lb/>bo elemĕtare, è ordinato in tal guiſa, che le parti più rare di eſſo, <lb/>ſiano collocate verſo la circõferentia, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1254" xml:space="preserve">le più dēſe, verſo il cen. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1255" xml:space="preserve">tro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1256" xml:space="preserve">cio non gia per la grandezza, ma più toſto per caggion <lb/>del moto locale, imperò che, douendo eſſer, naturalmente, più <lb/>veloci nel girare, le parti più proſſime alla circonferentia, che <lb/>quelle che ſono vicine al cenrro, ragioneuol coſa era, che fuſſero <lb/>anco meno occupate dalla materia & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1257" xml:space="preserve">per ciò, la terra, che è ma <lb/>terialiſſima è anco non ſolamente inetta al moto, ma totalmen <lb/>te immobile, ſecondo la commune opinione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1258" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="41" file="507.01.041" n="41"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1259" xml:space="preserve">Ma poniamo, che l'acqua copriſce tutta la terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1260" xml:space="preserve">fuſſe alta <lb/>500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1261" xml:space="preserve">miglia ſopra di eſſa, non ne ſeguirebbe percio ch'ella fuſſe <lb/>maggior di eſſà terra, com io prouerò.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1262" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1263" xml:space="preserve">Alla. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1264" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1265" xml:space="preserve">ragione, il Piccolomini dice bene, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1266" xml:space="preserve">non occorrena, <lb/>ch'egli faceſſe mentione di alcuna maggior grandezza de peſſi <lb/>imperò che la proportionalità ſarebbe ſtata in queſto modo, <lb/>che coſi comeipeſſi del mar ſono maggiori di quelli della peſ-<lb/>chiera, coſi il mare è maggior della peſchiera, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1267" xml:space="preserve">non della ter-<lb/>ra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1268" xml:space="preserve">Et poi coloro, che argumentano la grandezza dell'acqua, <lb/>dalla moltitudine, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1269" xml:space="preserve">grandezza dei peſſi, dourebbon anco con <lb/>ſiderare, che coſi fatto pa<unsure/>rangone con gl'animali terreſtri, non <lb/>è comparabile poi che i peſſi non ſi muouono ſopra la ſuperfi-<lb/>cie dell acqua, come fan gl'animali terreſtri ſopra quella della <lb/>terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1270" xml:space="preserve">ma viuono in ogni parte della ſpiſſitudine di eſſa acqua, <lb/>il qual interuallo è corporeo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1271" xml:space="preserve">non ſuperficiale; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1272" xml:space="preserve">onde non ſa-<lb/>rebbe punto da marauigliarſi, ſe maggior copia di peſci gli fuſ-<lb/>ſe, che di animali terreſtri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1273" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1274" xml:space="preserve">Nella quinta ragione il Piccolomiui dice beniſſimo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1275" xml:space="preserve">il Sig. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1276" xml:space="preserve">Berga s'inganna di groſſo, doue dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1277" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1278" xml:space="preserve">Poi che, quanto più l'acqua ſarà maggiore, più toſto, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1279" xml:space="preserve">facil-<lb/>mente ſi cauſerà ſimil effetto, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1280" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1281" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1282" xml:space="preserve">Anzi tutto eal cõtrario, cioè, che quanto più grãde è vn glo-<lb/>bo sferico, tanto men curua è la ſuperficie ſua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1283" xml:space="preserve">tanto più tar-<lb/>damente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1284" xml:space="preserve">difficilmente ſi ſcopre eſſa curuità di ſuperficie: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1285" xml:space="preserve">on-<lb/>de perciò non hanno mancato alcuni antichi, che teneuano la <lb/>ſu perficie della terra eſſer piana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1286" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1287" xml:space="preserve">Et non ſi ricorda il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1288" xml:space="preserve">Berga quel, che dice Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1289" xml:space="preserve">verſo il fi-<lb/>ne del 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1290" xml:space="preserve">del cielo, cioè al 110. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1291" xml:space="preserve">teſto? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1292" xml:space="preserve">doue egli argomenta la <lb/>picciolezza della sfericeità terreſtre, dalla veloce mutation de <lb/>gl'orizonti in breui ſpacii di viaggi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1293" xml:space="preserve">il qual teſto, penſo pur, che <lb/>ſua Eccellentia habbi veduto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1294" xml:space="preserve">poi che, quantunque non lo cita, <lb/>niente dimenos' è penſato (per quanto io credo) di ſeruirſi del-<lb/>le coſe ſcritte in eſſo nella ſua quinta ragione, à propoſito delle <lb/>orſe, ſotto il polo antartico, il qual ſi chiama anco meridionale <lb/>à noi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1295" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1296" xml:space="preserve">L'eſſempio poi della proua, che dà il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1297" xml:space="preserve">Berga delle terre, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1298" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>città, che hanno monti, ò colli oppoſti alla veduta noſtra, non è <lb/>al propoſito.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1299" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="42" file="507.01.042" n="42"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1300" xml:space="preserve">Paſſando poi al 10. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1301" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1302" xml:space="preserve">dice il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1303" xml:space="preserve">Berga, che'l Piccolomini s'in <lb/>gegna di alterare l autorità d' Ariſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1304" xml:space="preserve">fondata nella decupla pro <lb/>portione de gl'elementi, con dire, che non ſi debba intendere <lb/>della quantità de gl'elementi, ma ſolamente delle qualita; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1305" xml:space="preserve">con-<lb/>cioſia coſa, che la quantità, ſecondo i precetti d'Ariſtotile non <lb/>ſia principio attiuo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1306" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1307" xml:space="preserve">Douemi ſtupiſco, che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1308" xml:space="preserve">Berga accuſi il Piccolomini coſi à <lb/>torto, legga digratia chi ſi vogli tutto il detto 10. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1309" xml:space="preserve">cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1310" xml:space="preserve">che non <lb/>trouerà mai, che'l Piccolomini habbi detto tal coſa, anzi confer <lb/>ma, che delle quantità Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1311" xml:space="preserve">habbi parlato, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1312" xml:space="preserve">non delle qua-<lb/>lità, ma nega ben, che ſia ſtata mente di Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1313" xml:space="preserve">che coſi ſia giu-<lb/>ſtamente in decupla proportione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1314" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1315" xml:space="preserve">dice, che Ariſtoti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1316" xml:space="preserve">ha dato <lb/>queſta tal proportione piu toſto per eſſempio, che, che coſi ſia <lb/>in effetto, doue proua mirabilmente gl'in conuenienti, che ne <lb/>ſeguirebbono, ſe coſi fatta proportionalità ſi concedeſſe, egli di <lb/>ce ben anco nell'iſteſſo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1317" xml:space="preserve">che queſta autorità d'Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1318" xml:space="preserve">della <lb/>decupla proportione de gl'elementi, è autorità molto allega-<lb/>ta, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1319" xml:space="preserve">famoſa, tra coloro, che ſi perſuadono eſſer eccellenti filo-<lb/>ſofi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1320" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1321" xml:space="preserve">Alla 36. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1322" xml:space="preserve">facciata il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1323" xml:space="preserve">Berga cerca ditiſponder al fondamento <lb/>della mia demonſtratione, ch'io diedi in preſentia ſua in ſcritto <lb/>à V A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1324" xml:space="preserve">la qual demonſtratione ſarà poſta nel fine di queſto diſ-<lb/>corſo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1325" xml:space="preserve">il fondamento mio è tale, cioè, che qual ſi vogli pro-<lb/>fondità di mare, ò d'altre acque non profondano in luogo alcu <lb/>no per più di mezo miglio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1326" xml:space="preserve">Mail S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1327" xml:space="preserve">Berga, come perſona pru-<lb/>dente, dice, che à ſuo giudicio non conclude, ma io mi conten-<lb/>tero, che à giudicio di altri concluda; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1328" xml:space="preserve">egli ſoggionge poi, di-<lb/>cendo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1329" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1330" xml:space="preserve">Seſia vero, che dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1331" xml:space="preserve">della terra ſia com poſto vn glo <lb/>bo concentrico, ſecondo il centro della grauezza, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1332" xml:space="preserve">della gran-<lb/>dezza, il quale altro non ſia come egli vuole, che'l cĕtro dell'v-<lb/>niuerſo, con che eſsendo l'acqua in ogni sfera meſcolata con <lb/>la terra, miſurando queſto globo concentrico, neceſſario fia, <lb/>che queſta miſura, ſecondo la profondità non ſolamente ſia del <lb/>la terra, ma etiandio dell'acqua.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1333" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1334" xml:space="preserve">Qui il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1335" xml:space="preserve">Berga moſtra chiaramente di non intender il modo <lb/>delia compoſitione di queſto globo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1336" xml:space="preserve">perche dal ſuo dire al pre-<lb/>ſente par, che egli lo tenga non compoſto, ma miſto, à guiſ@ <pb o="43" file="507.01.043" n="43"/> del fango; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1337" xml:space="preserve">ma queſta non è propria compoſitione, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1338" xml:space="preserve">quella <lb/>poca miſtura poi, che fa la terra con l'acqua è d'intorno alla ſu-<lb/>perficie, come ho detto di ſopra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1339" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1340" xml:space="preserve">tal miſtione non profonda, <lb/>ne anche ſin all'eſtremo inferiore dell'orbe alliuellato al fondo <lb/>del mare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1341" xml:space="preserve">ne manco è per tutto coſi fatto orbe, il qual s'ha da <lb/>imaginare, per lo eſtremo di tutto queſto globo terreſtre, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1342" xml:space="preserve">è <lb/>da tener per fermo, che quanto più profonda la terra, tanto più <lb/>ſia ſerrata, conſtipata, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1343" xml:space="preserve">condenſata inſieme, men miſta, più pu-<lb/>ra, anzi puriſſima, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1344" xml:space="preserve">vn ſaſſo duriſſimo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1345" xml:space="preserve">cõtinuo ſenza por̃ro <lb/>fi<unsure/>tà di ſorte alcuna, lequai porroſitadi, ſpelonche, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1346" xml:space="preserve">cauerne, <lb/>ſono ordinariamĕte nei luoghi alti, nei monti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1347" xml:space="preserve">non nei baſſi; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1348" xml:space="preserve">non profondano adunque le humiditadi per maggior ſpacio di <lb/>quello, che s'è detto, dica pur il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1349" xml:space="preserve">Berga ciò che li pare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1350" xml:space="preserve">La giun-<lb/>ta poi, che eſſo S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1351" xml:space="preserve">Berga fa alla 37. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1352" xml:space="preserve">facciata, doue dice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1353" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1354" xml:space="preserve">A che ſi aggiunge, eſſere queſta miſura imaginaria, non eſſen <lb/>do ancora miſurata la proportione della terra, ſecondo la quan <lb/>tità che tiene co'l cielo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1355" xml:space="preserve">gl'altri elementi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1356" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1357" xml:space="preserve">ſe pur ſele conce <lb/>derà, reſterà commune à tutta l'uniuerſità delle acque, la quale <lb/>è parte di queſto globo, ſe ſia concentrica ſecondo l'vno, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1358" xml:space="preserve">l'al <lb/>tro centro, ſi comeil Piccolomini afferma.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1359" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1360" xml:space="preserve">In queſto luogo dice il vero in parte, cioè, che quella tal miſu <lb/>ra d'vn globo ditutte le acque congelate, comparato alla terra <lb/>è imaginaria, perciò ch'egli coſi ſela imagina: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1361" xml:space="preserve">egli dice anco il <lb/>vero, che la proportione, che la ſola terra tiene con ciaſcun ele-<lb/>mento, non è ancor miſurata, ma queſto è contra la ſua quarta <lb/>ragione, doue dice, che la proportion dell'acqua alla terra è de-<lb/>cupla, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1362" xml:space="preserve">la dell'aria ad eſſa terra ſia centupla, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1363" xml:space="preserve">la del fuoco mi-<lb/>lecupla; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1364" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1365" xml:space="preserve">poi non ſarebbe damarauigliarſi, ſe quando ci fuſſe <lb/>manifeſta la proportione della grandezza della terra à ciaſcun al <lb/>tro elemento, ſapeſſimo anco, s'ella fuſſe maggiore, ò minor <lb/>dell'acqua. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1366" xml:space="preserve">Il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1367" xml:space="preserve">Berga poi ha da creder, che la proportione del <lb/>la grandezza del globo totale, terreſtre, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1368" xml:space="preserve">marino, ai corpi cele <lb/>ſti, è ritronata da diuerſi Eccellenti huomini antichi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1369" xml:space="preserve">moder <lb/>ni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1370" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1371" xml:space="preserve">coſi anco la proportione di detto globo à tutto l'aggre-<lb/>gntode gl'elementi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1372" xml:space="preserve">Al qual propoſito Ariſtor. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1373" xml:space="preserve">nel primo delle <lb/>Meteore, dice coſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1374" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1375" xml:space="preserve">Moles enim terræ quãta ſit ad ambientes magnitudines, non <lb/>immaniſeſtũ, iam. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1376" xml:space="preserve">n. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1377" xml:space="preserve">viſum eſt per Aſt ologica theoremata, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1378" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1379" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="44" file="507.01.044" n="44"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1380" xml:space="preserve">Ma più bello è, quando dice</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1381" xml:space="preserve">II che non è vero, ſe ſia l'altra parte di queſto globo di ſpecie <lb/>diuerſa dalla terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1382" xml:space="preserve">onde, che haucndo la proptia circonſcrittio <lb/>ne, haurà, oltre il centro commune della grauezza, il proprio <lb/>della ſua grandezza, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1383" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1384" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1385" xml:space="preserve">Et io replico, cheil centro della grauezza dell'acqua, eil cen <lb/>tro dell'uniuerſo, al qual inclinano tutti li corpi graui, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1386" xml:space="preserve">il cen-<lb/>tro della sfera acquea, della quale l'acque particolari ſono <lb/>portioni, è il medeſmo centro dell'uniuerſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1387" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1388" xml:space="preserve">quando ſi dice <lb/>il centro della grandezza di eſſa acqua, non s'ha da intēder p@@ <lb/>altro che per il centro della sfera, della qual ciaſcun'acqua par-<lb/>ticolare ſarebbe ſua portione com ho detto, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1389" xml:space="preserve">non punto alcu <lb/>no, immerſo in quel<unsure/> particolar corpo acqueo, altrimenti ſi da-<lb/>rebbon infiniti centri, oltre che non ogni figura corporea è ca-<lb/>pace di vn ſol centro ſaluo chele regolari, inparte anco, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1390" xml:space="preserve">non <lb/>in tutto, che in tutto, la ſola sterica ſi ritroua capace di vn ſol <lb/>centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1391" xml:space="preserve">non altra, parlando de corpi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1392" xml:space="preserve">il circolo ſolo fra le <lb/>piane ſuperficiali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1393" xml:space="preserve">Meglio ha fatto il Piccolomini, à ſeguire ima <lb/>thematici, che à ſeguir gl'ignoranti della mathematica, il qual <lb/>ha più dottamente, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1394" xml:space="preserve">più diſtintamente parlato de centri, che <lb/>non han fattc ſin al tempo preſente gl'ignoranti di eſſa mathe <lb/>matica, li quali volĕdo parlar de centri, non ſano quel, che ſi di. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1395" xml:space="preserve">cono, ne di che parlino; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1396" xml:space="preserve">ondelor ſteſſi reſtan confuſi, facendoſi <lb/>ridicoli al mondo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1397" xml:space="preserve">ne val punto il cittar Galenò à queſto propo <lb/>ſito, perche non può intender alcuno, che coſa ſia cĕtro, ſe non <lb/>lo intende, come Mathematico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1398" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1399" xml:space="preserve">Nella 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1400" xml:space="preserve">ragione, non gli è coſa, che non ſia in fauor del Picco <lb/>lomini; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1401" xml:space="preserve">perciò che, tutto ſi fa d@intorno alla ſuperſicie della <lb/>terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1402" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1403" xml:space="preserve">Nella terza ragione, egliſi comincia à render, mediãte il con <lb/>ceder, chel'acque del mare ſiano minori della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1404" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1405" xml:space="preserve">Nella quarta ragioneil Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1406" xml:space="preserve">Berga ha il torto à negar, che la <lb/>eminentia della terra ſopra l'acqua non aiuti anch'eſſa alla opi-<lb/>nion del Piccolomini. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1407" xml:space="preserve">Doue anco replica l'iſteſſe figure ouate, <lb/>ch'egli ha detto alla 27. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1408" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1409" xml:space="preserve">28. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1410" xml:space="preserve">facciata; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1411" xml:space="preserve">ma perche in queſto luo-<lb/>go, egli fa mĕtione delle neui, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1412" xml:space="preserve">dei vapori acquei, non in com-<lb/>paration della grandez za della terra, ma in parangon della emi <lb/>nentia di eſſa, biſogna farli ſaper che queſte coſe non ſono ac- <pb o="45" file="507.01.045" n="45"/> que formali, imperò che, a queſto non ſi oppone il Piccolo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1413" xml:space="preserve">mini, ne altri, ma ſi parla delle acque reali, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1414" xml:space="preserve">perfette, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1415" xml:space="preserve">non di <lb/>neui, ò giacchi, ò chriſtalli, ò vapoti, ne ſimil coſe, le quali ſono <lb/>molto differĕti dalle acque perfette, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1416" xml:space="preserve">fluſſibili, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1417" xml:space="preserve">quelle acque <lb/>perfette, chenelle ſumità dei monti ſi ritrouano, ſe ſlãno fer-<lb/>me, ſtanno in qualche concauità circondata da parte terreſtro <lb/>più eminente, che non ſono eſſe acque, dal che poi, egli<unsure/> vuol, <lb/>che ne ſegua, che l'acqua nõ ſia della terra minore; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1418" xml:space="preserve">ò bella con-<lb/>ſequenza, eſſendo, che nel principio di queſta quarta ragione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1419" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>egli nega, che l'eminentia della terra dia fo za all'opinion del <lb/>Piccolomini, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1420" xml:space="preserve">qui vuol, che l'eminenza dell'acque, concluda <lb/>eſſer vera la ſua opinione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1421" xml:space="preserve">oltre che quando ben l'acqua còpriſ-<lb/>ſe tutta la terra, (com io h<unsure/>o già detr<unsure/>o,) per 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1422" xml:space="preserve">miglia in alto, <lb/>l'acqua ſarebbe men della mità della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1423" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1424" xml:space="preserve">Nella quinta ragione, ſecondo la definition del luogo data <lb/>da Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1425" xml:space="preserve">nel 4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1426" xml:space="preserve">lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1427" xml:space="preserve">da lui citato, non può dir, che la terra non <lb/>ſia luogo dell'acqua anch'eſſa mediãte quelſa ſuperficie di eſſa <lb/>terra, che comprende, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1428" xml:space="preserve">contiene in ſe l'acqua, altrimenti, ne <lb/>ancho vn bichieri, od altro ſimil vaſo ſi potrebbe chiamar luo-<lb/>go dell'acqua, che vi fuſſe dentro, ſecondo queſta ragione dico, <lb/>& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1429" xml:space="preserve">ſe l'aria la tocca nella ſuperficie ſuprema, queſto nō impediſ-<lb/>ſe però, che l'acqua nō ſi ripoſi ſopra la terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1430" xml:space="preserve">nō ſopra l'atia; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1431" xml:space="preserve">ma in queſto luogo par, che'l S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1432" xml:space="preserve">Berga vogli inferir, che l'ac-<lb/>qua ſoſtenghi la terra, acciò nō ſiamo aſtretti ſotto la terra por-<lb/>re altro corpo, ſoprà il qual ripoſi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1433" xml:space="preserve">di mano in mano vn'altro <lb/>in infinito, il che da tutti li Filoſoſi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1434" xml:space="preserve">Mathematici, è ſtimato <lb/>impoſſibile (egli diſtinguei Filoſofi dai mathematici, quaſi che <lb/>Ariſtotile non gl'habbi data quella parte, che per ragion li toc-<lb/>caua, di tre che'i ne fece della filoſofia) ma queſta è ben maſ-<lb/>chia, poi ch'ei vuole, che lacqua ſoſtenga la terra, la quale è <lb/>diametralmente contraria à quell'altra del ſpingimento ch'e-<lb/>gli vuol, che facia l'acqua alla terra, per cagion dell'equilibrio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1435" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>ſuttauia, nel fine di queſla ſua quinta ragione par, che ſi rimet-<lb/>ta, con dire la terra ripoſarſi nel centro indiuiſibile dell'uniuer-<lb/>ſo, doue non è ancho ben detto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1436" xml:space="preserve">perciò che la terra ſi equili-<lb/>bra d'intorno à detto punto per mezo delle ſue parti, le quali ſi <lb/>ſoſtentano fra loro, ſpingendoſi diametralmente, per l'apetito <lb/>naturale, che vgualmente ha ciaſcuna di eſſe, diandar al detto <pb o="46" file="507.01.046" n="46"/> centro, onde l'vna ſi ripoſa diametralmĕte ſopra l'altra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1437" xml:space="preserve">non <lb/>nel centro, ne ſopra il centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1438" xml:space="preserve">in queſto modo, tutta ſta quie-<lb/>ta: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1439" xml:space="preserve">onde leggiadramente Ouidio, parlando della terra, diſſe, <lb/>Ponderibus librata ſuis.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1440" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1441" xml:space="preserve">Et poi, ſe l'aria è il luogo naturale dell'acqua, adunque l'ac-<lb/>qua, che è ſopra la terra ſarà nel ſuo luogo naturale, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1442" xml:space="preserve">quella, <lb/>che ſara ſotto la terra ſara fuori del ſuo luogo naturale; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1443" xml:space="preserve">onde <lb/>non fia ragioneuole, che maggior quantità d'acqua ſia quella, <lb/>che è fuori del ſuo luogo naturale, di quelia, che è dentro</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1444" xml:space="preserve">Inquanto alla ſeſta ragione, il Piccolomini dice bene circa il <lb/>predo minio della terra nei corpi miſti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1445" xml:space="preserve">ne gl' animali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1446" xml:space="preserve">Et non <lb/>ſarebbe ſtato ben detto, che'l fuoco predominaſſe, quantunque <lb/>ſia maggior della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1447" xml:space="preserve">perciò che coſi fatti miſti, non ſono ge <lb/>nerati nell orbe di eſſo fuoco, ma d'intorno à queſto globo ter-<lb/>reno.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1448" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1449" xml:space="preserve">Nella ſettima ragione il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1450" xml:space="preserve">Berga di nuouo ſi volta contra di <lb/>me, replicando tuttauia le profonditadi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1451" xml:space="preserve">vorebbe adeſſo, che <lb/>queſto globo fuſſe pur compoſto à ſuo modo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1452" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1453" xml:space="preserve">vorrebbe tut-<lb/>tauia, che queſte acque and aſſero ſin al centro della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1454" xml:space="preserve">ne <lb/>fuſſe maggior copia ſuor del ſuo natural luogo, che dentro ad <lb/>eſſo, il qual centro, dice anco eſſer diuiſibile. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1455" xml:space="preserve">Inquanto alla com <lb/>poſition del globo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1456" xml:space="preserve">al profondar dell'acque, già di ſopra gli <lb/>ho riſpoſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1457" xml:space="preserve">Ma inquanto alla diuiſibilità di coſt fatto centro <lb/>della terra, ſarà ben fatto, che ſi vegga, come ciò poſſi ſtare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1458" xml:space="preserve">s'e-<lb/>gli è adunque diuiſibile, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1459" xml:space="preserve">vn ſolo, egli ſarà vn quanto cōtinuo, <lb/>il qual ſarà ò linea ò ſuperficie, ò corpo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1460" xml:space="preserve">ne linea, ne ſuperficie, <lb/>non ſarà già egli, eſſendo cētro di corpo, ma è da dire adunque <lb/>ch'egli ſarà corpo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1461" xml:space="preserve">ſe è corpo, egli ſarà terminato, come è ra-<lb/>gioneuole, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1462" xml:space="preserve">per conſequentia haurà qualche figura, la qual fi-<lb/>gura non può far, che non ſi aſſomigli al corpo, del qual queſto <lb/>vien ad eſſer centro, cioè al total corpo terreſtre, ma è ferma <lb/>concluſione di tutti li Filoſofi, coſi naturali, comemathemati-<lb/>ci che la terra ſia sferica; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1463" xml:space="preserve">adunque coſi fatto centro, ſarà corpo <lb/>sferico, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1464" xml:space="preserve">ogni corpo sferico, hail ſuo centro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1465" xml:space="preserve">adunque coſi fat-<lb/>to centro della terra, haurà vn altro centro, il qual ſarà o diuiſi-<lb/>bile, ò indiuiſibile, s'egli è diuiſibile, queſto ne haurà vn altro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1466" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>coſi ſi anderà in inſinito; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1467" xml:space="preserve">ma ſe egli è indin<unsure/>iſibile, egli ſarà anco <lb/>centro della terra, per quel axioma vniuerſale, ò commune <pb o="47" file="507.01.047" n="47"/> concetto, poſto dai Filoſofi mathematici, il qual dice, che ſe à <lb/>coſe vguali ſaranno aggiunte altre coſe vguali, li compoſti di <lb/>quelle, ſaran fra loro vguali; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1468" xml:space="preserve">peril che ſarà ſuperfluo il centro <lb/>corporeo, del qual ſe ne potrebbe ſempre pigliai vn minore. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1469" xml:space="preserve">Non dourebbe già cauſar queſta opinion al S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1470" xml:space="preserve">Berga, le valli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1471" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>imonti, ò per dirlo in vna parola, la inequalità della ſupei ficie <lb/>della terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1472" xml:space="preserve">perciò che il centro non ha da riſguardar coſi fatte <lb/>picciole inequalitadi, ma è vgualmente diſtante da vna ſuper-<lb/>ficie sferica imaginaria, la qual paſſi pe'l mezo di coſi fatti ec-<lb/>@eſſi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1473" xml:space="preserve">defetti, per non dir che paſſi per le ſumità, ò per le radi-<lb/>ci dei monti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1474" xml:space="preserve">queſta tal ſuperficie ſarà paralella, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1475" xml:space="preserve">di ſopra di <lb/>quella dell'acqua, ma in ogni modo concentrica con quella, <lb/>nel centro del mondo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1476" xml:space="preserve">Onde coſifatto punto viene à ſeruir per <lb/>centro, (com'ho detto) del mondo, per centro della grauezza <lb/>della terra, per centro della figura ſua medeſmamente, la qual è <lb/>sferica, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1477" xml:space="preserve">per centro della sfericeità dell'acqua ſimilmente, ne <lb/>voglio manco laſciar di dire, che quando ſi dice centro della <lb/>terra, tanto ſi può intender del centro della grauezza, quanto <lb/>della figura ſua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1478" xml:space="preserve">perció che tanto l'vno, quanto l'altro, vgual-<lb/>mente viene ad eſſer centro di eſſà terra, i qual centri, quantun-<lb/>que ſiano differenti per ragione, ſono però vn ſolo per àcciden-<lb/>te, poi che la terra è sferica, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1479" xml:space="preserve">omogenea, come ho già detto <lb/>di ſopra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1480" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1481" xml:space="preserve">La diuiſion poi, ch'egli fa di queſto globo in tre sfere, delle <lb/>quali: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1482" xml:space="preserve">duoi ſarano orbi di neceſſità, è vna chimera; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1483" xml:space="preserve">perciò che <lb/>baſta di diuiderlo in due parti ſolamĕte, cioè in vn orbe, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1484" xml:space="preserve">vna <lb/>sfera; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1485" xml:space="preserve">acciò ſi poſſa intéder, doue ſi faccia la miſtione delli quat-<lb/>tro elementi, che ſarà nell'orbe, di pochiſſima profondità, ri-<lb/>ſpetto al ſemidiametro della terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1486" xml:space="preserve">perciò che, queſta coſi fatta <lb/>miſtione ſi fa dalla natura, à ſin che ſopra la ſuperficie della ter-<lb/>ra, ne vengano poi produtti gl'effetti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1487" xml:space="preserve">non che ſi producano <lb/>verſo il centro di eſſa terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1488" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1489" xml:space="preserve">La ſentenza di Plotino, è falſa, fuor che d'intorno alla ſuper-<lb/>ficie della terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1490" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1491" xml:space="preserve">L'annullatione dell'ottaua ragione, è vna baia, mediante <lb/>quella ſua diſtintione de centri, in commune, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1492" xml:space="preserve">proprio della <lb/>grandezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1493" xml:space="preserve">ma perche ho già detto à baſtanza di ſopra, per ciò <lb/>ſi laſſerà correr queſt'errore con gl'altri:</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1494" xml:space="preserve"><unsure/> Et douemedeſmamen <pb o="84" file="507.01.048" n="48"/> te dice l'acqua non eſſer concentrica con la terra, già di ſopra <lb/>ho riſpoſto, Ma il citar Euclide fuor di propoſito, non ſi ha da <lb/>comportare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1495" xml:space="preserve">Egli dice coſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1496" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1497" xml:space="preserve">Et che non ſia veramente concentricá, ſi può con l'autorità <lb/>di Euclide prouare, p<unsure/>oi che, ſecondo il Piccolomini reſta di cir-<lb/>conferentia e cerchio minore della terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1498" xml:space="preserve">concio ſia coſa, che <lb/>per lo theorema ſeſto del terzo lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1499" xml:space="preserve">di Eucli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1500" xml:space="preserve">il centro de cerchi, <lb/>che fra loro ſi toccano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1501" xml:space="preserve">è neceſſario, che non ſia il medeſmo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1502" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo adunque l'acqua sferica, ſe ben ſia minore della terra, <lb/>ſarà il proprio cerchio contenuto, ſecondo le ragioni del Picc@ <lb/>lomini, dal maggior cerchio della terra, con che non haurà il <lb/>medeſimo centro, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1503" xml:space="preserve">c.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1504" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1505" xml:space="preserve">In queſto luogo il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1506" xml:space="preserve">Berga fa diuerſi errori annodati inſie-<lb/>me, per dar in queſt'vltimo, perfettione al ſuo diſcorſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1507" xml:space="preserve">Et pri-<lb/>ma egli citta il 6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1508" xml:space="preserve">theorema del 3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1509" xml:space="preserve">d'Eucli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1510" xml:space="preserve">doue queſto Autore <lb/>ſpecula intorno alle ſuperficie piane, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1511" xml:space="preserve">alle linee curue, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1512" xml:space="preserve">non <lb/>intorno ai corpi, non auertendo il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1513" xml:space="preserve">Berga, che le ſuperficie ſo-<lb/>no per ſe termini de corpi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1514" xml:space="preserve">le linee de ſuperficie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1515" xml:space="preserve">onde, ſe pur <lb/>in queſto caſo preſuppone, che la circonferentia sferica dell ac-<lb/>qua, tocchi la ſuperficie sferica delia terra, in vn ſol punto, do-<lb/>uea cittar la 77. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1516" xml:space="preserve">propoſition del primo di Vitellione, più toſto, <lb/>che la 6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1517" xml:space="preserve">del terzo lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1518" xml:space="preserve">di Eucli quantunque detta 6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1519" xml:space="preserve">propoſitio <lb/>ne non ſia il ſeſto theorema, ma il quinto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1520" xml:space="preserve">perche la prima pro <lb/>poſitione è vn problema; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1521" xml:space="preserve">però queſto non vuol dir niente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1522" xml:space="preserve">Ma <lb/>bella coſa è queſta, che egli ſi penſa, che la circonferĕtia dell'ac-<lb/>qua habbi da eſſer contigua alla circonferentia della terra, poſto <lb/>ch'ella ſia minore; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1523" xml:space="preserve">quaſi che ſia impoſſibile, che fra loro queſte <lb/>due ſuperficie habbino da eſſer paralelle, ò vogliam dir equidi-<lb/>ſtanti, imperò che ſe ſono fra loro paralelle, (come ſon vera-<lb/>mente) vengono ad eſſer concentrice, per la 73. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1524" xml:space="preserve">propoſitio ne <lb/>del primo di Vitellione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1525" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1526" xml:space="preserve">Il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1527" xml:space="preserve">Berga erra medeſimamente, à voler fa r dir al Piccolomi <lb/>ni il contrario di quel, che eſſo Piccolomini afferma nell'vlti-<lb/>mo cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1528" xml:space="preserve">del lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1529" xml:space="preserve">della grandezza della terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1530" xml:space="preserve">dell'acqua intor-<lb/>no al diuerſo ſito de centri, doue erra l'iſteſſo Piccolomini <lb/>in quel caſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1531" xml:space="preserve">perciò che la differentia delle parti, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1532" xml:space="preserve">l'inequali-<lb/>tà della ſuperficie della terra, coſi in denſità, come in altro, d'in-<lb/>torno all'eſtremità ſua, è inſenſibile riſpetto al tutto,</s> </p> <pb o="49" file="507.01.049" n="49"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1533" xml:space="preserve">Et qui finiſce il copioſo diſcorſo dell' Eccellente Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1534" xml:space="preserve">Anto-<lb/>nio Berga contra, non ſolamenteil S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1535" xml:space="preserve">Aleſſandro Piccolomini, <lb/>ma generalmente contra tutti li più Eccellenti Filoſofi Mathe-<lb/>matici della età noſtra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1536" xml:space="preserve">dico Filoſofi Mathematici; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1537" xml:space="preserve">perchei <lb/>puri naturali, ſono à punto puri naturali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1538" xml:space="preserve">Io ho laſciato anco di <lb/>ponderare in queſto ſuo diſcorſo diuerſe coſe di poco peſo, <lb/>parte per non eſſer tropo lungo, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1539" xml:space="preserve">parte, perche da loro ſteſſe ſi <lb/>ſcoprono quale clle ſi ſiano à ciaſcun mediocre Filoſofo, che le <lb/>lega, come per eſſempio, ſopra la ſua 17. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1540" xml:space="preserve">ragione, doue egli vuo <lb/>le, che dalla più perfetta sfericeità di vn corpo, ne ſeguiti la <lb/>maggior grãdezza dreſſo, riſpetto à quell'altro, co'l quale ſi pa <lb/>rangona. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1541" xml:space="preserve">Hor in quel luogo non mi ſon curato di ponderare il <lb/>poco valor di quella ragione, il qual naſce dal non ſaper egli la <lb/>conditione, che à coſi fatta ragione farebbe neceſſaria, per <lb/>farla vera, la qual è l'vgualità delle ſuperficie terminanti coſi <lb/>fatti corpi parangonati inſieme, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1542" xml:space="preserve">coſi ho paſſato via molt'al-<lb/>tre, le quali, come ho detto, ogni mediocrefiloſofo, che legga, <lb/>cognoſcerà da ſe ſteſſo di quanto poco valor ſiano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1543" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1544" xml:space="preserve">Hora ſarà tempo, che dica qualche coſa ancor io in fauor <lb/>della verità, acciò ch'io non habbi ſolamente disfatto, ſenza <lb/>far coſa alcuna.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1545" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1546" xml:space="preserve">Non è dubio adunque appreſſo glihuomini di ſolida dottri-<lb/>na, che l'Eccellentiſſimo Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1547" xml:space="preserve">Piccolomini habbi tenuto ſicura <lb/>ſtrada per chiarirſi della maggiorāza della terra più che dell'ac <lb/>qua, co'l miſurar l'vna, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1548" xml:space="preserve">l'altra ſuperficie ſcoperta di queſti <lb/>corpi, laſciamo da parte quella ricompĕſa della curuità, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1549" xml:space="preserve">con-<lb/>cauità delle valli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1550" xml:space="preserve">dei monti, &</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1551" xml:space="preserve">c. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1552" xml:space="preserve">che eſſo Piccolomini verſo <lb/>il fine del ſeſto cap. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1553" xml:space="preserve">vorrebbe dare ai fiumi, ſtagni, fontane, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1554" xml:space="preserve">ſt-<lb/>mil acque; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1555" xml:space="preserve">percio che, egli è vn errore, ch'egli fa in quel luogo, <lb/>doue non conſidera, che à coſi fatte ſuperficie oblique, non cor-<lb/>riſpondono gl'angoli ſolidi del centro della sfera, i quali riſ-<lb/>guardano le lor baſi, ad angoli retti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1556" xml:space="preserve">Ma ritrouato ch'egli hebbe <lb/>la ſuperficie sferica ſcoperta della terra eſſer maggior della sfe-<lb/>rica apparente dell'acqua, ſenza dubio alcuno, potea conclu-<lb/>der la terra eſſer maggior dell'acqua, ſi come ha fatto, quando <lb/>ben anco eſſa acqua profondaſſe piramidalmente ſin'al centro <lb/>dell'vniuerſo, cioè, per 3500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1557" xml:space="preserve">miglia, ſupponendo eſſer tanto il <lb/>ſemidiametro di queſto globo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1558" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="50" file="507.01.050" n="50"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1559" xml:space="preserve">Ma, perche forſi alcun potrebbe dubitare intorno alla dili-<lb/>gentia dell'hauer il Piccolomini miſurato queſte due ſuperfi-<lb/>cie, mi è parſo di tener vn'altra ſtrada, per prouar queſta verità, <lb/>ſupponendo eſſer vero quello, che non vn ſolo habbi miſura-<lb/>to, ma molti, cioè, ſupponendo eſſer vero, che ſi ſcandagli il <lb/>mare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1560" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1561" xml:space="preserve">di più, che non ſolamente eſſo mare non arriui à cin-<lb/>quecento paſſi nel ſuo maggior profondo (come riferiſſe il Pic <lb/>colomini nel fine del ſuo trattato, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1562" xml:space="preserve">come mi han fatto fede <lb/>molti Signori Spagnuoli, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1563" xml:space="preserve">Portugheſi, marinari eccellentiſſi-<lb/>mi, coſi in Vinegia, come in Parma, nella Corte della Sereniſſi, <lb/>ma Principeſſa felice memoria, tra li qũali, in Vinegia fu l'Illu-<lb/>ſtre Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1564" xml:space="preserve">Don Rodrigo de Guzman, il S. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1565" xml:space="preserve">Don Franciſco Lopes, <lb/>il Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1566" xml:space="preserve">Don Garzia de Seuiglia, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1567" xml:space="preserve">molt'altri; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1568" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1569" xml:space="preserve">in Parma, diuer-<lb/>ſi altri, che ſaria coſa faſtidioſa, il nominarli tutti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1570" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſupponen <lb/>do anco, che non cinquecento paſſi ſolamente ſia il maggior <lb/>fondo di eſſo mare, ma ch'egli profondaſſe anco cinquecento <lb/>milia paſſi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1571" xml:space="preserve">che non ſolamente profondaſſe queſti cinque-<lb/>cento milia paſſi, in vn ſol luogo, ma che per tanto interuallo <lb/>di profondità, circondaſſe, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1572" xml:space="preserve">copriſſe tutta la faccia della terra <lb/>d'ogn' intorno, cioè, che doue è terra al preſente, fuſſe tutta ac-<lb/>qua, per cinquecento milia paſſi di profondità; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1573" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1574" xml:space="preserve">per laſciar-<lb/>mi intender anco più chiaro, dico, che coſi come il ſemidia-<lb/>metro di queſto globo totale è di 3500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1575" xml:space="preserve">miglia; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1576" xml:space="preserve">ſupponiamo, <lb/>che la parte terreſtre, non haueſſe di ſemidiametro, piu che <lb/>3000. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1577" xml:space="preserve">miglia, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1578" xml:space="preserve">il reſtante del ſemidiametro, cioè 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1579" xml:space="preserve">miglia, <lb/>fuſſe della ſpiſſitudine dell' orbe acqueo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1580" xml:space="preserve">Doue non occorre-<lb/>rebbe già pigliarſi cura, ne faſtidio di miſurar fontane, fiumi, <lb/>laghi, ſtagni, paludi, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1581" xml:space="preserve">ſimili particelle, di neſſun momento, à <lb/>chi l'intende; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1582" xml:space="preserve">ne manco hauer affanno delle acque', ſubterra-<lb/>nee nelle cauerne, ò ſpelonche, ò ſimil porroſità della terra, le <lb/>quali ſono tutte d'intorno alla ſuperficie di eſſa ter a; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1583" xml:space="preserve">perciò <lb/>che non è in modo alcuno ragioneuole il creder, che la natura <lb/>habbi prodotte queſte ſpongioſitadi più baſſe del liuello del <lb/>mare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1584" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1585" xml:space="preserve">Supponendo adunque, comes'é detto, tutt@uia la terra ſa-<lb/>rebbe, quaſi il doppio maggior del' acqua, cioè, quaſi come <lb/>di 12.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1586" xml:space="preserve">à 7, Il che ſarà faciliſſimo ad ogni mediocre dotto della <lb/>Filoſofia mathematica da calcolare, poi che la proportion de <pb o="51" file="507.01.051" n="51"/> diametri, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1587" xml:space="preserve">coſi de ſemidiametri, è la terza parte di quella del-<lb/>le sfere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1588" xml:space="preserve">Però à fin chei pocco prattici poſſino calcolar ciò con-<lb/>minor fatica, hanno prima da ſapere, che ſupponendo il dia-<lb/>metro del globo cõpoſto di terra, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1589" xml:space="preserve">acqua eſſer di 3500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1590" xml:space="preserve">mi-<lb/>glia, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1591" xml:space="preserve">il ſemidiametro del puro terreſtre 3000 ſolamente, co-<lb/>ſi fatta proportione, ſarà come di 7. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1592" xml:space="preserve">à 6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1593" xml:space="preserve">perciò che il commune <lb/>maggior numeratore di queſti duoi ſemidiametri, ſarà 500. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1594" xml:space="preserve">il qual, nel maggior entrarà ſette volte, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1595" xml:space="preserve">nel minore ſei, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1596" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>coſi fatta proportione ſuperparticolare, è chiamata ſeſquiſe-<lb/>@ta, il triplo della quale ſarà, come di 57. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1597" xml:space="preserve">con vn ſeſto, à 36. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1598" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1599" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>I<unsure/> iſteſſo ſarà fra il globo compoſto, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1600" xml:space="preserve">il puro terreſtre; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1601" xml:space="preserve">onde <lb/>ſottrando il puro terreſtre, dal compoſto, ci reſterà 21. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1602" xml:space="preserve">con vn <lb/>ſeſto, per la quantità dell'orbe acqueo, al qual il terreſtre di 36. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1603" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>ſara coſi proportionato, quaſi come di 12. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1604" xml:space="preserve">à 7.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1605" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1606" xml:space="preserve">Non ſarà hora forſi fuor di propoſito, il veder appreſſo à <lb/>pocco quanto maggior ſarebbe eſſa terra, di tutta l'acqua, non <lb/>dico ſolamente di quella parte della ſua maggior profondità, <lb/>la qual non arriua in alcun luogo à 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1607" xml:space="preserve">paſſi, ma di quell' orbe <lb/>acqueo, di ſpiſſitudine, ò vogliam dir profondità di 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1608" xml:space="preserve">paſſi, <lb/>il qual circondaſſe tutto il globo terreſtre, ſupponendo, che <lb/>per 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1609" xml:space="preserve">paſſi tutto quel, che è terra, fuſſe acqua, cioè, che ſup-<lb/>ponendoſi il ſemidiametro di tutto il globo compoſto eſſer <lb/>di 3500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1610" xml:space="preserve">miglia il puro terreſtre fuſſe di 3499. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1611" xml:space="preserve">miglia, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1612" xml:space="preserve">mezo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1613" xml:space="preserve">Calcolando adunque, comeho detto di ſopra, ſi trouerà, che <lb/>la terra ſarebbe maggior dell'acqua, più di 2333. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1614" xml:space="preserve">volte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1615" xml:space="preserve">Ma, <lb/>perche le parti della terra ſcoperte rompono coſi fatto orbe ac-<lb/>queo, imaginario, le quali ſono di maggior grandezza ſuperfi-<lb/>ciale, che non ſono le ſuperficie dell'acque, per l'oſſeruatione <lb/>del Piccolomini, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1616" xml:space="preserve">d'altri galant'huomini, ne ſeguirà adunque, <lb/>che la terra ſarà maggior dell' acqua più di 4666. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1617" xml:space="preserve">volte, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1618" xml:space="preserve">anco <lb/>p@ù di 5000. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1619" xml:space="preserve">volte, poi che poche ſono quelle profonditadi, che <lb/>arriuino à 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1620" xml:space="preserve">paſſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1621" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1622" xml:space="preserve">Ma, ſe alcuno diceſſe, includerſi fra il numero delle aeque, <lb/>anco quella, che ſi generarebbe dai vapori, che circondano que-<lb/>ſto globo compoſto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1623" xml:space="preserve">Io li riſpondo & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1624" xml:space="preserve">dico, che non ſolamĕte <lb/>gli concedo il connumerar l'acqua, che dai vapori ſi generareb <lb/>be; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1625" xml:space="preserve">ma ſupponĕdo anco, che tutto il luogo occupato dai vapo-<lb/>ri, i quali s'inalzano 52. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1626" xml:space="preserve">miglia ſopra la ſuperficie di queſto glo- <pb o="52" file="507.01.052" n="52"/> ho, (comegià s' è di ſopra detto) fuſſe acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1627" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1628" xml:space="preserve">di più, che non <lb/>ſolamĕte per 52. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1629" xml:space="preserve">miglia diſpiſſitudine, fuſſe queſt' orbe acqueo, <lb/>d'intorno alla terra, ma anco di 500. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1630" xml:space="preserve">miglia alto, ſopra tutto <lb/>queſto globo già detto, tuttauia la terra ſarebbe maggior di eſ-<lb/>ſa acqua, circa il doppio, del che ciaſcun intelligente di coſi fat-<lb/>to calcolo, comes' è detto diſopra, ſe ne potrà chiarire. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1631" xml:space="preserve">Onde <lb/>potreſſimo medeſm amente affirmare, la terra eſſer non ſola-<lb/>mente maggior dell'acqua, ma dell'acqua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1632" xml:space="preserve">di più dell' aria, <lb/>ſel'aria non arriua tant'alto, come da molti altri ſi tiene, oltre <lb/>al Piccolomini, li quali dicono ciò auenire, dal nõ poter aſcĕder, <lb/>tant'alto la humidità aerea; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1633" xml:space="preserve">poi che eſſa humidità, porta ſeco <lb/>grauezza, oltre, che'l ſito dellenubi, ci moſtra, ſopra di ſe eſſer <lb/>la materia più raradi quel, che la lot ſi ritroua, & </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1634" xml:space="preserve">ſotto di ſe più <lb/>denſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1635" xml:space="preserve">imperò che, i corpi aſcĕdono, ſin' à tanto, che ritrouano <lb/>conſtitution di mezo d'vgual forma, (dirò coſi) alla loro, onde <lb/>quella materia, che ſi chiama fuoco, (ancor che impropriamen <lb/>te. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1636" xml:space="preserve">perche non è fuoco) incomincia ad eſſer priua della humidi-<lb/>tà, (mediante la quale ſi definiſſe l'aria) circa à 52. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1637" xml:space="preserve">miglia, ſopra <lb/>la ſuperficie della terra, come già ho di ſopra detto eſſer mira-<lb/>bilmente demoſtrato da Vitellione, Ariſtotile poi allega la ra-<lb/>gione, perche non paſſano più sù eſſe nubi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1638" xml:space="preserve">onde par che la ter-<lb/>za region dell'aria, impropriamente ſi poſſi chiamar aria, s'ella <lb/>è priua dell' humidità, (come dice Ariſtotile) mediante la qual <lb/>con la calidità ſi definiſſe l'aria, anzi tiene più toſto dinatura di <lb/>fuoco, ſi come affermano anco gl'interpreti d'Ariſtotile ſopra <lb/>il primo delle Meteore, il qual Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1639" xml:space="preserve">moſtra medeſmamente <lb/>eſſer anch'eſſo di queſta opinione, ne luoghi da me citati di <lb/>ſopra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1640" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1641" xml:space="preserve">Inquanto poi al prouar la ſuperficie ſcoperta della terra eſſer <lb/>più alta, che la ſcoperta dell'acque, queſto è tanto chiaro da per <lb/>ſe à tutti li Filoſofi, quali ſanno, che coſa ſia alto, ebaſſo, che ſa-<lb/>rebbe ſuperfluo quant'io diceſſi, oltre che dalla dimoſtratione, <lb/>che fa Ariſtot. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1642" xml:space="preserve">nel 31. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1643" xml:space="preserve">teſto del ſecondo lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1644" xml:space="preserve">del cielo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1645" xml:space="preserve">& </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1646" xml:space="preserve">da quella <lb/>che fa Archimede nella ſeconda propoſitione del lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1647" xml:space="preserve">nel qual <lb/>tratta dei corpi poſti nell'acqua, ſi ſcopre apertamente coſi fat-<lb/>ta verità, laſciamo medeſmamente, che tutti gl'eccellenti Mo-<lb/>derni la pongono per manifeſtiſſima, ſi come è veramente ap-<lb/>preſſo ciaſcun di ſano giudicio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1648" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="53" file="507.01.053" n="53"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1649" xml:space="preserve">Non conchiudendo adunque le ragioni dell'Eccellente Sig. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1650" xml:space="preserve">Antonio Berga, ſarà bene, che abbracciamo la ſentenza del Pic <lb/>colomini, la quale tutti li più dotti dell'età noſtra ſtimano ve-<lb/>ra, quando anco l'acqua copriſſe tutta la faccia della terra, non <lb/>profondando in eſſa terra più di quel, che s'è detto: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1651" xml:space="preserve">con che <lb/>pond<unsure/> ſine alla @reſente conſideratione, baſciando riuerente-<lb/>inenre le mani à V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1652" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1653" xml:space="preserve">per la cui felicità pregherò di continuo <lb/>Dio, noſtro Signore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1654" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div5" type="section" level="1" n="5"> <head xml:id="echoid-head11" xml:space="preserve">IL FINE.</head> </div></text> </echo>