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Removing DESpecs directory which deserted to git
| author | Klaus Thoden <kthoden@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 29 Nov 2017 16:55:37 +0100 |
| parents | 22d6a63640c6 |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><echo xmlns="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ns/echo/1.0/" xmlns:de="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ns/de/1.0/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:echo="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/ns/echo/1.0/" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.0RC"> <metadata> <dcterms:identifier>ECHO:Y1G1TRCW.xml</dcterms:identifier> <dcterms:creator identifier="GND:118627252">Vitruvius Pollio, Marcus</dcterms:creator> <dcterms:title xml:lang="it">L' Architettura generale di Vitruvio : ridotta in compendio</dcterms:title> <dcterms:date xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">1747</dcterms:date> <dcterms:language xsi:type="dcterms:ISO639-3">ita</dcterms:language> <dcterms:rights>CC-BY-SA</dcterms:rights> <dcterms:license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC-BY-SA</dcterms:license> <dcterms:rightsHolder xlink:href="http://www.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de">Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Library</dcterms:rightsHolder> <parameters>despecs = 2.0</parameters> </metadata> <text xml:lang="it" type="free"> <div xml:id="echoid-div1" type="section" level="1" n="1"><pb file="0001" n="1"/> <pb file="0002" n="2"/> <pb file="0003" n="3"/> <pb file="0004" n="4"/> <pb file="0005" n="5"/> <pb file="0006" n="6"/> <pb file="0007" n="7"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div2" type="section" level="1" n="2"> <head xml:id="echoid-head1" xml:space="preserve">L’ ARCHITETTURA <lb/>GENERALE <lb/>DI <lb/>VITRUVIO <lb/>RIDOTTA IN COMPENDIO <lb/>DAL SIG. PERRAULT</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head2" style="it" xml:space="preserve">dell’ Accademia delle Scienze di Parigi,</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head3" xml:space="preserve">ed arricchita di Tavole in Rame.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head4" xml:space="preserve">OPERA</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head5" xml:space="preserve">Fradotta dal Franceſe, ed incontrata in queſta <lb/>Edizione col Teſto dell’<emph style="sc">Autore</emph>, e col <lb/>Commento di <emph style="sc">Monsig</emph>. <emph style="sc">Barbaro</emph>:</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head6" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Alla quale in oltre fi è aggiunto la Tavola <lb/>e le Regole del Piedeſtallo.</head> <figure> <image file="0007-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0007-01"/> </figure> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div3" type="section" level="1" n="3"> <head xml:id="echoid-head7" xml:space="preserve">IN VENEZIA, MDCCXLVII.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head8" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Nella</emph> <emph style="sc">Stamperia</emph> <emph style="sc">DI</emph> <emph style="sc">Giambattista</emph> <emph style="sc">Albrizzi</emph> <emph style="sc">Q</emph>. <emph style="sc">Gir</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head9" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Con Licenza deè Superiori, e Privilegio</head> <pb file="0008" n="8"/> <handwritten/> <handwritten/> <handwritten/> <handwritten/> <pb file="0009" n="9" rhead="ALL’ ILLUSTRISSIMO SIGNOR"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div4" type="section" level="1" n="4"> <head xml:id="echoid-head10" xml:space="preserve">JACOPO CAMPELLI <lb/>NOBILE <lb/>DELLA CITTA’ DI BELLUNO.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head11" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Giambatista</emph> <emph style="sc">Albrizzi</emph> <emph style="sc">Q</emph>. <emph style="sc">Gir</emph>.</head> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s1" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Un</emph>‘occaſion favorevele per rende-<lb/>re nota al pubblico e a Voſtra Signoria <lb/>Illuſtriſſima in qualche parte la ſtima, <lb/>che da gran tempo nodriſco al di Lei <lb/>degniſſimo Perſonale, mi vien preſen-<lb/>tata nella riſtampa, che fanno i miei <lb/>torchj di un’ Opera d’ Architctto il più <lb/>celebre che viveſſe nel ſecolo del buon <lb/>guſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è il Compendio dell’Ar-<lb/>chitettura generale di Vitruvio, che <lb/>porgo a Lei non già col penſiere ch’ Ella <lb/>porti la ſua cognizione alla lettura di <lb/>un’ Opera nella quale ſi è pur troppo di <lb/>già conſumata, ma perchè in quella con- <pb file="0010" n="10"/> ſervi El nome e la memoria di un Ser-<lb/>vidore che ſoſpirava la congiuntura per <lb/>dichiararſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3" xml:space="preserve">So hen io già quanto Ella <lb/>ſiaſi avanzata in tale ſorta di ſtudj: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s4" xml:space="preserve">ſo <lb/>la ſcelta copioſa d’ Autori Architetti da <lb/>Lei raccolti con molte cure e diſpendj; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s5" xml:space="preserve">e come anche a Lei obbligato ſia il Pub-<lb/>blico per aver Ella fatto incider in ra-<lb/>me li ſuoi prodotti d’ Architettura deli-<lb/>neati di sì buon guſto, e con sì vaga e nobile <lb/>idea, che avrebbero potuto recar merito e <lb/>nome a i più provetti Maeſtri, non che al-<lb/>la di Lei età allora freſca, che addeſtra-<lb/>vaſi ſol per diletto in un’arte così genrile.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s6" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s7" xml:space="preserve">E queſta che dè ſuoi meriti è la me-<lb/>noma parte, fu però molto per me op-<lb/>portuna nella congiuntura preſente, apren-<lb/>domi foriunatamente la via per acqui-<lb/>ſtarmi un Padrone. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s8" xml:space="preserve">Che per altro l’ Ar-<lb/>chitettura, che rende un fregio non or-<lb/>dinario alla ſua Perſona, non ſarebbeſi <lb/>meffa a fronte di tante eccellenti viriù, <lb/>che adornano l’ animo ſuo gentile: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s9" xml:space="preserve">di <lb/>quella cognizione perfetta nelle Matema-<lb/>uche e in tutta la Fiſica, nelle quali s’ <pb file="0011" n="11"/> eſercita aſſiduamente: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s10" xml:space="preserve">di quella Erudizio-<lb/>ne ſacra e profana, in cui tanto s’avan-<lb/>za, quanto vedeſi alla giornata accreſciu-<lb/>ta d’ottimiLibri la ſcelta ſua Biblioteca: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s11" xml:space="preserve">e fi-<lb/>nalmente di quel coſtume diſtinto e pregevo-<lb/>liſſimo, che in una fortuna sì avvantag-<lb/>giata ed illuſtre, ci porge l’Eſemplare di <lb/>uno ſplendido e perfetto Cavalier Criſtiano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s12" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s13" xml:space="preserve">Dopo il merito di queſti ed altri Per-<lb/>ſonali ſuoi fregj, quanti non ne ba Ella <lb/>ancora ſortito dalla natura? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s14" xml:space="preserve">come l’ an-<lb/>tico illuſtre natale, che lo rende Nobile <lb/>di una coſpicua Città, dalla quale ſi ſon <lb/>veduti uſcire tanti Uomini illuſtri, o per <lb/>Naſcita, o per Armi, o per Letteratu-<lb/>ra, ſicchè non invidia i Privilegj, o la <lb/>Nobiltà di ſangue più chiaro a qualunque <lb/>Città ſoggetta alla Sereniſſima Dominan-<lb/>te: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s15" xml:space="preserve">o l’ affluenza di una fortuna, che <lb/>diffondeſi largamente a ogni condizione <lb/>di Perſone in opere di pietà, di bene-<lb/>ficenza e di ſplendidezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s16" xml:space="preserve">o il merito <lb/>de’ Maggiori, che ſolamente in un Gio-<lb/>vanni Campelli, per le immenſe limo-<lb/>ſine da lui sì largamente diſpenſate a’ <pb file="0012" n="12"/> Poveri della Città di Venezia, riſcuote <lb/>ancora univerſalmente una ben degna ri-<lb/>putazione, e la più tenera ricordanza, <lb/>potendoſi dir con giuſtizia non eſſervi ſta-<lb/>to alcun Povero o Luogo Pio in queſta <lb/>sì grande Metropoli, che non ne abbia ri-<lb/>ſentito ſoccorſi conſiderabili: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s17" xml:space="preserve">o ancora <lb/>per l’ erudite Opere di queſto Soggetto <lb/>ſtampate in Poeſia Sacra e profana, che <lb/>lo mettono al rango de i più eleganti e <lb/>colti Letterati dell età ſua.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s18" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s19" xml:space="preserve">Queſti tutti diceva, ſono per Lei me-<lb/>riti foreſtieri; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s20" xml:space="preserve">nè ha Ella hiſogno di <lb/>mendicar dalla ſorte la ſtimache ſi proc-<lb/>cura a più gran pregio coll’ ingegno, e <lb/>colle Perſonali ſue doti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s21" xml:space="preserve">Reſta ſolo che io <lb/>impetri dalla geloſa ſua modeſtia un be-<lb/>nigno perdono per queſto benchè ſemplice <lb/>tocco delle ſue ledi, ſapendo ch’ Ella ha <lb/>più a cuore di meritarle che di udirle; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s22" xml:space="preserve">e che la ſua innata affabilità ſi degni <lb/>accoglier ſotto il ſuo Pairocinio queſt’ O-<lb/>pera e me che gli la preſento, umilian-<lb/>domi col più profondo del mio riſpetto <lb/>della mia divozione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s23" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0013" n="13" rhead="PREFAZIONE"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div5" type="section" level="1" n="5"> <head xml:id="echoid-head12" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Del</emph> <emph style="sc">Traduttore</emph>.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s24" xml:space="preserve">E’noto abbaſtanza ad ognuno eſſer ſtato Vi-<lb/>truvio uno de’ più eccellenti Maeſtri d’Ar-<lb/>chitettura che ne’ſecoli paſſati nella noſtra Ita-<lb/>lia fioriſſero; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s25" xml:space="preserve">poichè l’ Opere ſue tante volte <lb/>riſtampate e in lingua latina, e in lingua vol-<lb/>gare, e da più ſublimi ingegni commentate lo <lb/>hanno dato chiaramente a conoſcere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s26" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s27" xml:space="preserve">Anche la Francia nel ſecolo paſſato ce ne ha <lb/>dato un vero teſtimonio della ſua grande eſti-<lb/>mazione per queſto celebre Autore, avendo <lb/>ancor’ eſſa prodotta alla luce la Traduzione in <lb/>lingua Franceſe che ne fu fatta di tutta l’ O-<lb/>pera d’ Architettura di Vitruvio dal tanto rino-<lb/>mato Signor Perrault, uno de’ più illuſtri ſog-<lb/>getti che abbia avuto l’ Accademia delle Scien-<lb/>ze di Parigi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s28" xml:space="preserve">come pure il Compendio eſatto e <lb/>giudizioſo della ſteſſa Architettura, che per <lb/>maggior vantaggio de’ Profeſſori e de’ di let-<lb/>tanti di queſt’arte, pubblicò non molto dopo lo <lb/>ſteſſo Signor Perrault con le Tavole in rame di <lb/>ſua mano delineate: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s29" xml:space="preserve">e queſto appunto è quel <lb/>Compendio che viene preſentemente alla luce <lb/>nel noſtro idioma Italiano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s30" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s31" xml:space="preserve">Vero è che un’ altra volta ſi è veduto non <lb/>ha molti anni uſcir dalle ſtampe un altro li-<lb/>bercolo d’Architettura con titolo conſimile; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s32" xml:space="preserve">ma <pb file="0014" n="14"/> con tutto il fondamento potiamo ben aſſerire, <lb/>che quello non ſolo era affatto diverſo da que-<lb/>ſto noſtro, ma ch’ era in cltre così ſuccinto, <lb/>mancante, e mal ſpiegato, che appena ſe gli <lb/>ſarebbe dato giuſtamente il titolo di puro indi-<lb/>ce, o di ſemplice abbozzo di varie coſe in <lb/>confuſo, non che quello di un eſatto Com-<lb/>pendio: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s33" xml:space="preserve">e le ſue Tavole in rame erano sì mal <lb/>diſegnate ed inciſe, e così ſcorrette, che mal <lb/>convenivano all’ Opera di un Autore di sì gran <lb/>merito.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s34" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s35" xml:space="preserve">La diligenza dunque che ſi è praticata nella <lb/>ſtampa di queſt’ Opereta, è la ſeguente: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s36" xml:space="preserve">in <lb/>primo luogo ella è ſtata intieramente ed eſat-<lb/>tamente tradotta con tutta la poſſibile atten-<lb/>zione, ſenza che nulla ſiaſi ommeſſo di ciòche <lb/>v’era nell’ Originale Franceſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s37" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s38" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s39" xml:space="preserve">Ella ſi è confrontata col Teſto originale di <lb/>Vitruvio e col Commento di Monſig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s40" xml:space="preserve">Barbaro, <lb/>e ſi ſono adoperati i di lui termini medeſimi <lb/>volgari tanto nella ſpiegazione delle materie, <lb/>quanto nel denominare tutti que’ membri che <lb/>all’ Architettura appartengono: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s41" xml:space="preserve">in oltre ella ſi <lb/>è ſupplita in qualche parte in cui pareva man-<lb/>cante, e ſi è ſpiegato un pò diffuſamente qual-<lb/>che paragrafo, che per eſſer aſſai difficile eſi-<lb/>geva maggior chiarezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s42" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s43" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s44" xml:space="preserve">Le Tavole in Rame ſono ſtate con gran <lb/>diligenza diſegnate ſulle Originali di Parigi, e <lb/>così pure inciſe da Valentuomo aſſai intendente <lb/>del diſegno e perito nell’ Architettura: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s45" xml:space="preserve">poi di <lb/>nuovo eſaminate e corrette dove le Franceſi pa- <pb file="0015" n="15"/> tivano qualche difetto, ſi ſono in <lb/>modo coordinate, che corriſpon-<lb/>dano adequatamente alla ſpiega-<lb/>zione del teſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s46" xml:space="preserve">E perchè nulla <lb/>vi mancaſſe di eſſenziale, ſi è <lb/>ſtimato bene di aggiungere in <lb/>queſta noſtra edizione una Tavo-<lb/>la in rame con la Pianta del Pie-<lb/>deſtallo, e di mettervi pure a <lb/>ſuo luogo la ſpiegazione delle re-<lb/>gole e della proporzione di que-<lb/>ſto membro, cavata per altro <lb/>dall’Opera ſteſſa di Vitruvio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s47" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s48" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s49" xml:space="preserve">Per compimento poi dell’O-<lb/>pera, e per maggior comodo e <lb/>facilità de’Studenti, ſi è inſerito <lb/>per via di Alfabeto il Vocabola-<lb/>rio de’Termini uſati in queſt’ ar-<lb/>te, con la loro ſpiegazione anti-<lb/>ca e moderna, corriſpondente al-<lb/>le coſe in detta Opera deſcrit-<lb/>te; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s50" xml:space="preserve">e l’ Indice degli Articoli, e <lb/>di tutte le materie che vi ſi con-<lb/>tengono.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s51" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0016" n="16" rhead="AVVERTIMENTO"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div6" type="section" level="1" n="6"> <head xml:id="echoid-head13" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Dell’</emph> <emph style="sc">Autor</emph> <emph style="sc">Francese</emph>.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s52" xml:space="preserve">ALtre volte ſono ſtati meſſi <lb/>alle ſtampe compendj di Vi-<lb/>truvio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s53" xml:space="preserve">ma pure non ve ne ha <lb/>neppur uno, in cui ſia ſtata ſe-<lb/>guita l’ idea, che ha ſuggerita <lb/>Fileberto dell’ Olmo nel terzo ſuo <lb/>libro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s54" xml:space="preserve">Deſidera queſto Autore, <lb/>che nel compendiare Vitruvio, ſi <lb/>mettano in ordine le materie da <lb/>lui trattate confuſamente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s55" xml:space="preserve">e che <lb/>quanto ſi ritrova in più luoghi <lb/>diſperſo, concernente uno ſteſſo <lb/>ſoggetto, tutto ſi riduca ad un <lb/>ſolo e medeſimo capo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s56" xml:space="preserve">Queſto <lb/>Metodo, il quale dalla maggior <lb/>parte degli Scrittori antichi li <lb/>vede traſcurato, è ſtato oſſerva-<lb/>to nel Trattato preſente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s57" xml:space="preserve">per-<lb/>chè può egli ſervir molto ad ao-<lb/>prendere, e a ritenere le coſe <lb/>con più di facilità. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s58" xml:space="preserve">Si è avuta <pb file="0017" n="17"/> elatta attenzione di non metter-<lb/>vi coſa, che non ſia cavata <lb/>da Vitruvio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s59" xml:space="preserve">bensì vi ſi ſono <lb/>aggiunti dapertutto oltre al te-<lb/>ſto, varj periodi che facevano <lb/>a propoſito per legar il diſcor-<lb/>ſo, e per renderlo più chia-<lb/>ro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s60" xml:space="preserve">Se eontuttociò, malgrado <lb/>queſte tali cautele, vi reſta qual-<lb/>che oſcurità, com’è impoſſibile <lb/>che non ve ne abbia più d’ u <lb/>na, il Lettore potrà ricorrere <lb/>al Vitruvio Franceſe impreſſo l’ <lb/>anno precedente, ſopra il qua-<lb/>le è ſtato formato queſto com-<lb/>pendio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s61" xml:space="preserve">dove ſi troveranno nel-<lb/>le note, nelle figure, e nelle <lb/>ſpiegazioni che vi ſono, tutte le <lb/>neceſſarie dichiarazioni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s62" xml:space="preserve">Del re-<lb/>ſto queſto piccolo Trattato non è <lb/>utile ſoltanto a coloro, che co-<lb/>minciano a ſtudiare l’Architettu-<lb/>ra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s63" xml:space="preserve">ma può eſſere ancota di van-<lb/>taggio grande a quegli ſteſſi che <lb/>in tale ſtudio vi ſono conſuma-<lb/>ti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s64" xml:space="preserve">Poichè non ſi può dubitare, <lb/>ch’ eſſendo ſtato Vitruvio un sì <pb file="0018" n="18"/> gran Valentuomo, l’ autorìtà di <lb/>lui unita a quella di tutta l’An-<lb/>tichità, la quale ſi truova rin-<lb/>chiuſa ne’ ſuoi ſcritti, non ſia <lb/>capace, prevenendo i Princi-<lb/>pianti, e confermando i Mae-<lb/>ſtri, di ſtabilire le buone maſſi-<lb/>me, e le vere regole dell’Archi-<lb/>tettura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s65" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0019" n="19" rhead="TAVOLA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div7" type="section" level="1" n="7"> <head xml:id="echoid-head14" xml:space="preserve">De’ Capitoli, ed Articoli <lb/>della preſente Opera.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head15" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph></head> <head xml:id="echoid-head16" xml:space="preserve">DELLA PREFAZIONE.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head17" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Del merito di Vitruvio, e di quello <lb/>dell’ Opera di lui. # pag. 1</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head18" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head19" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Economia di’tutta l’ Opera cogli Ar-<lb/>gomenti in riſtretto di ciaſchedun li-<lb/>bro. # II</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s66" xml:space="preserve">PRima diviſione di tutta l’Opera <lb/>in tre parti, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s67" xml:space="preserve">La coſtru-<lb/>zion delle Fabbriche. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s68" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s69" xml:space="preserve">La Gno-<lb/>monica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s70" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s71" xml:space="preserve">La Meccanica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s72" xml:space="preserve">Secon-<lb/>da Diviſione in tre parti, cioè I. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s73" xml:space="preserve">La Solidità. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s74" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s75" xml:space="preserve">La Comodità. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s76" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s77" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>La Bellezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s78" xml:space="preserve">Sommario de’ dieci <lb/>libri di Vitruvio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s79" xml:space="preserve">Del primo, del <lb/>ſecondo e ſeguenti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s80" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0020" n="20" rhead="PARTE PRIMA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div8" type="section" level="1" n="8"> <head xml:id="echoid-head20" xml:space="preserve">Contenente l’ Architettura a <lb/>noi comune cogli <lb/>Antichi.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head21" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO I.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head22" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Architettura in generale.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head23" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head24" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Origine dell’ Architettura. # pag.19</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s81" xml:space="preserve">LA prima occaſione di applicarſi <lb/>all’ Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s82" xml:space="preserve">I primi mo-<lb/>delli, che ha ſeguiti l’Architettu-<lb/>ra, ſono ſtati o naturali, o artifi-<lb/>ziali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s83" xml:space="preserve">I primi Inventori ſtati ſono <lb/>1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s84" xml:space="preserve">Gli Architetti del Re Doro, 2. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s85" xml:space="preserve">quelli del Principe Ione, 3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s86" xml:space="preserve">Calli-<lb/>maco, 4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s87" xml:space="preserve">Ermogene.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s88" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0021" n="21"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div9" type="section" level="1" n="9"> <head xml:id="echoid-head25" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head26" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Che coſa ſia l’ Architettura. # 27</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s89" xml:space="preserve">Definizione dell’ Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s90" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ar-<lb/>chitettura debbe aver cognizione <lb/>di undici coſe, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s91" xml:space="preserve">Della Scrit-<lb/>tura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s92" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s93" xml:space="preserve">Del Diſegno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s94" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s95" xml:space="preserve">Della <lb/>Geometria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s96" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s97" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Aritmetica. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s98" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s99" xml:space="preserve">dell’ Iſtoria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s100" xml:space="preserve">VI. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s101" xml:space="preserve">Della Filoſo-<lb/>fia morale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s102" xml:space="preserve">VII. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s103" xml:space="preserve">Della Filoſofia na-<lb/>turale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s104" xml:space="preserve">VIII. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s105" xml:space="preserve">Della Medicina. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s106" xml:space="preserve">IX. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s107" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Della Giuriſprudenza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s108" xml:space="preserve">X. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s109" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ A-<lb/>ſtronomia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s110" xml:space="preserve">XI. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s111" xml:space="preserve">Della Muſica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s112" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div10" type="section" level="1" n="10"> <head xml:id="echoid-head27" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head28" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Quali ſieno le parti dell’ Architettu-<lb/>ra. # 31</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s113" xml:space="preserve">L’ Architettura ha otto parti, cioè <lb/>I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s114" xml:space="preserve">La Sodezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s115" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s116" xml:space="preserve">La Comodità. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s117" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s118" xml:space="preserve">La Bellezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s119" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s120" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordi-<lb/>nanza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s121" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s122" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſizione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s123" xml:space="preserve">VI. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s124" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>La proporzione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s125" xml:space="preserve">VII. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s126" xml:space="preserve">La Decen-<lb/>za, la quale ricerca, che abbia-<lb/>ſi riguardo a tre coſe, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s127" xml:space="preserve">Al- <pb file="0022" n="22"/> lo Stato. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s128" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s129" xml:space="preserve">Al Coſtume. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s130" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s131" xml:space="preserve">Al-<lb/>la Natura de’ luoghi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s132" xml:space="preserve">VIII. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s133" xml:space="preserve">L’ Eco-<lb/>nomia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s134" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div11" type="section" level="1" n="11"> <head xml:id="echoid-head29" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO II.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head30" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Sodezza delle Fabbriche.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head31" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head32" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della ſcelta de’ Materiali. # pag. 39</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s135" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Vi</emph>truvio parla di cinque ſpezie di <lb/>Materiali, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s136" xml:space="preserve">Delle Pietre. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s137" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s138" xml:space="preserve">De’ Mattoni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s139" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s140" xml:space="preserve">Del Legname, <lb/>di cui ſe ne uſa molte ſpezie, come <lb/>l’Abete, la Quercia, il Faggio, <lb/>il Pioppo, il Salice, l’ Alno, l’ Ol-<lb/>mo, il Fraſſino, il Carpino, il Pi-<lb/>no, il Cipreſſo, il Ginepro, il Ce-<lb/>dro, il Larice, l’ Olivo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s141" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s142" xml:space="preserve">Del-<lb/>la Calcina. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s143" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s144" xml:space="preserve">Del Sabbione, di <lb/>cui ve n’ha cinque ſpezie, cioè il <lb/>Sabbione 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s145" xml:space="preserve">di Cava, 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s146" xml:space="preserve">di Fiume, <lb/>3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s147" xml:space="preserve">di Ghiarra, 4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s148" xml:space="preserve">di Mare, V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s149" xml:space="preserve">del-<lb/>la Pozzolana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s150" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0023" n="23"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div12" type="section" level="1" n="12"> <head xml:id="echoid-head33" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head34" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ uſo dè Materiali. # 47</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s151" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s152" xml:space="preserve">L’ uſo delle Pietre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s153" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s154" xml:space="preserve">Quello del <lb/>Legname. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s155" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s156" xml:space="preserve">Quello de’Mattoni. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s157" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s158" xml:space="preserve">Quello della Calcina. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s159" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s160" xml:space="preserve">Quel-<lb/>lo del Sabbione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s161" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div13" type="section" level="1" n="13"> <head xml:id="echoid-head35" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head36" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Fondamenta. # 55</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s162" xml:space="preserve">Convien conſiderare tre coſe nelle <lb/>Fondamenta, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s163" xml:space="preserve">La eſcavazio-<lb/>ne del terreno: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s164" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s165" xml:space="preserve">L’ aſſodamento <lb/>del medeſimo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s166" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s167" xml:space="preserve">La muratura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s168" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div14" type="section" level="1" n="14"> <head xml:id="echoid-head37" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head38" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Mura. # 57</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s169" xml:space="preserve">Vi ſono ſette ſpezie di Muratura, cioè <lb/>I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s170" xml:space="preserve">La Reticolata. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s171" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s172" xml:space="preserve">Quella in Le-<lb/>gatura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s173" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s174" xml:space="preserve">Quella de’ Greci. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s175" xml:space="preserve">IV. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s176" xml:space="preserve">Quella, che è per ordini uguali di <pb file="0024" n="24"/> pietre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s177" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s178" xml:space="preserve">Quella che è per ordini <lb/>diſuguali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s179" xml:space="preserve">VI. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s180" xml:space="preserve">La Riempiuta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s181" xml:space="preserve">VII. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s182" xml:space="preserve">La Compoſta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s183" xml:space="preserve">Tre cautele per tut-<lb/>te le ſpezie di muro, le quali ſo-<lb/>no I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s184" xml:space="preserve">di mettervi ancore o chia-<lb/>vi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s185" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s186" xml:space="preserve">di fare, che tutto ſia a <lb/>piombo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s187" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s188" xml:space="preserve">di farvi degli alleg-<lb/>gerimenti, che ſi fanno in due <lb/>maniere, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s189" xml:space="preserve">alleggerendo il <lb/>muro per mezzo di puntelli, di <lb/>colonne, d’ archi e di volte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s190" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s191" xml:space="preserve">ſo-<lb/>ſtentando i terreni.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s192" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div15" type="section" level="1" n="15"> <head xml:id="echoid-head39" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quinto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head40" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ Pavimenti o Terrazzi. # 66</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s193" xml:space="preserve">I Pavimenti ſono di quattro ſorte, <lb/>cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s194" xml:space="preserve">Quelli a piè piano, che fa-<lb/>ceanſi o alla maniera ordinaria, o <lb/>alla maniera de’Greci. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s195" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s196" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s197" xml:space="preserve">Pavi-<lb/>menti che ſono tra due Solaj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s198" xml:space="preserve">III. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s199" xml:space="preserve">I Pavimenti che ſono ſopra il col-<lb/>mo delle caſe in piatta-forma. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s200" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s201" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>I Pavimenti in ſoffittato, ne’ qua-<lb/>li ſi conſidera il nudo del Pavi-<lb/>mento, e le Cornici.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s202" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0025" n="25"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div16" type="section" level="1" n="16"> <head xml:id="echoid-head41" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Sesto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head42" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Incamiciature. # 73</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s203" xml:space="preserve">Le Incamiciature ſono di quattro ſor-<lb/>te, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s204" xml:space="preserve">Quelle per Muri groſ-<lb/>ſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s205" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s206" xml:space="preserve">Quelle per le Pitture a fre-<lb/>ſco. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s207" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s208" xml:space="preserve">Quelle per i Tramezzi. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s209" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s210" xml:space="preserve">Quelle per i luoghi umidi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s211" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div17" type="section" level="1" n="17"> <head xml:id="echoid-head43" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO III.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head44" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Bellezza della Fabbriche.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head45" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head46" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della comoda ſituazione delle Fabbri-<lb/>che. # pag.78</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s212" xml:space="preserve">PErchè un luogo ſia comodo, debb’ <lb/>eſſere I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s213" xml:space="preserve">Fertile. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s214" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s215" xml:space="preserve">Acceſſibile. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s216" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s217" xml:space="preserve">Sano: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s218" xml:space="preserve">per queſto non debb’ eſ-<lb/>ſere baſſo, paludoſo, nè rivolto al <lb/>Mezzodì, o al Ponente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s219" xml:space="preserve">Come <lb/>poſſa conoſcerſi, ſe un luogo ſia <lb/>ſano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s220" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0026" n="26"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div18" type="section" level="1" n="18"> <head xml:id="echoid-head47" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head48" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Eſpoſizione delle Fabbriche. # 81</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s221" xml:space="preserve">La Eſpoſizione d’una città dipende <lb/>dalla di lei ſituazione riſpetto al <lb/>cielo, ed a’ venti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s222" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s223" xml:space="preserve">L’ Eſpoſizione delle caſe, e delle par-<lb/>ti loro dipende da due coſe, cioè <lb/>I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s224" xml:space="preserve">Dalle qualità e dagli uſi loro, <lb/>ſecondo i quali ſi debbono diſpor-<lb/>re diverſamente i luoghi da cuſto-<lb/>dire le frutta, le Sale da mangia-<lb/>re nell’ inverno, e i Bangi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s225" xml:space="preserve">le Bi-<lb/>blioteche, le Sale da mangiare per <lb/>la Primavera, e per l’ Autunno; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s226" xml:space="preserve">gli Appartamenti da State, le <lb/>Gallerie de’ Quadri, e i luoghi <lb/>per dipignere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s227" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s228" xml:space="preserve">Dalla natura del <lb/>Paeſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s229" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div19" type="section" level="1" n="19"> <head xml:id="echoid-head49" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head50" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Diſpoſizione delle Fabbriche. # 84</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s230" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſizione delle Fabbriche com-<lb/>prende quella, ch’ è convenevole <pb file="0027" n="27"/> alle piazze pubbliche, ed alle caſe <lb/>private, dl cui ve n’ha due ſpe-<lb/>zie, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s231" xml:space="preserve">le caſe di città, che <lb/>ſono o per i Grandi, o per i Mer-<lb/>catanti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s232" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s233" xml:space="preserve">Le caſe di villa, che <lb/>hanno dodici parti, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s234" xml:space="preserve">la Cu-<lb/>cina. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s235" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s236" xml:space="preserve">la Stalla de’ buoi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s237" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s238" xml:space="preserve">i Ba-<lb/>gni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s239" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s240" xml:space="preserve">il Torchio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s241" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s242" xml:space="preserve">la Canti-<lb/>na. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s243" xml:space="preserve">6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s244" xml:space="preserve">il Conſervatojo dell’ Olio. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s245" xml:space="preserve">7. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s246" xml:space="preserve">gli Olivi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s247" xml:space="preserve">8. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s248" xml:space="preserve">le Stalle per le Ca-<lb/>pre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s249" xml:space="preserve">9. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s250" xml:space="preserve">le Stalle de’ Cavalli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s251" xml:space="preserve">10. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s252" xml:space="preserve">le <lb/>Tezze. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s253" xml:space="preserve">11. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s254" xml:space="preserve">i Fenili. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s255" xml:space="preserve">12. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s256" xml:space="preserve">i Molini. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s257" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Il lume fa una delle parti princi-<lb/>pali della comodità delle Fabbri-<lb/>che. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s258" xml:space="preserve">Ciò che convien fare per <lb/>averne a ſufficienza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s259" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div20" type="section" level="1" n="20"> <head xml:id="echoid-head51" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head52" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Forma comoda delle Fabbriche. # 88</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s260" xml:space="preserve">La comodità delle Fabbriche dipen-<lb/>de dalla forma, che debbono ave-<lb/>re I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s261" xml:space="preserve">Le Mura della città. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s262" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s263" xml:space="preserve">Le <lb/>Piazze pubbliche, le quali erano <lb/>differenti ſecondo i Greci, e ſecon-<lb/>do i Romani. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s264" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s265" xml:space="preserve">Le Scale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s266" xml:space="preserve">IV. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s267" xml:space="preserve">le Sale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s268" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0028" n="28"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div21" type="section" level="1" n="21"> <head xml:id="echoid-head53" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO IV.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head54" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Bellezza delle Fabbriche.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head55" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head56" style="it" xml:space="preserve">In che conſiſta la Bellezza delle Fa-<lb/>briche. # pag.92</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s269" xml:space="preserve">VI ſono due ſpezie di Bellezza <lb/>nelle Fabbriche, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s270" xml:space="preserve">quella, <lb/>ch’ è Poſitiva, la qual dipende <lb/>1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s271" xml:space="preserve">dalla Simmetria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s272" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s273" xml:space="preserve">dalla Ma-<lb/>teria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s274" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s275" xml:space="preserve">dalla Eſecuzione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s276" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s277" xml:space="preserve">Quel-<lb/>la ch’ è arbitraria, la quale è di <lb/>due ſpezie, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s278" xml:space="preserve">la Saviezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s279" xml:space="preserve">2. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s280" xml:space="preserve">la Regolarità, che conſiſte nella <lb/>oſſervanza delle leggi preſcritte dal-<lb/>la ragione, e dall’ uſanza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s281" xml:space="preserve">La Bel-<lb/>lezza delle Fabbriche conſiſte nel-<lb/>la proporzione di tre membri prin-<lb/>cipali, che ſono le Colonne, il <lb/>Frontiſpizio, l’ Erta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s282" xml:space="preserve">Da queſte co-<lb/>ſe ne riſultano due altre, cioè il <lb/>Genere e l’ Ordine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s283" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0029" n="29"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div22" type="section" level="1" n="22"> <head xml:id="echoid-head57" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head58" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ cinque Generi di Ediſicj. # 99</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s284" xml:space="preserve">I cinque Generi d’ Edificj ſono I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s285" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Picnoſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s286" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s287" xml:space="preserve">il Siſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s288" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s289" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Diaſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s290" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s291" xml:space="preserve">l’ Areoſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s292" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s293" xml:space="preserve">l’ Eu-<lb/>ſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s294" xml:space="preserve">I Generi debbon eſſere ad-<lb/>dattati agli Ordini, attribuendo il <lb/>Dorico all’ Areoſtilo, il Jonico al <lb/>Diaſtilo e all’ Euſtilo, il Corintio <lb/>al Siſtilo e al Picnoſtilo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s295" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div23" type="section" level="1" n="23"> <head xml:id="echoid-head59" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head60" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ cinque Ordini d’ Architettura. # 104</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s296" xml:space="preserve">La Diſtinzione, e le differenze degli <lb/>Ordini conſiſtono in due coſe, cioè <lb/>1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s297" xml:space="preserve">nella Dilicatezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s298" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s299" xml:space="preserve">nell’ Orna-<lb/>mento. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s300" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio non iſtabiliſce che <lb/>ſoli tre Ordini.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s301" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0030" n="30"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div24" type="section" level="1" n="24"> <head xml:id="echoid-head61" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head62" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle coſe che ſono comuni a più Or-<lb/>dini. # 106</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s302" xml:space="preserve">Vi ſono ſette coſe comuni a tutti gli <lb/>Ordini, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s303" xml:space="preserve">I Gradini, ne <lb/>quali convien conſiderate 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s304" xml:space="preserve">il lo-<lb/>ro numero, che debb’ eſſere diſpa-<lb/>ri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s305" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s306" xml:space="preserve">la loro altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s307" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s308" xml:space="preserve">la loro <lb/>larghezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s309" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s310" xml:space="preserve">i loro Pianerottoli-<lb/>II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s311" xml:space="preserve">Gli Stilobati, o Piedeſtalli, che <lb/>ſono di tre ſorte, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s312" xml:space="preserve">quelli <lb/>che ſono dapertutto della medeſi-<lb/>ma groſſezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s313" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s314" xml:space="preserve">quelli che hanno <lb/>de’ ſporti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s315" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s316" xml:space="preserve">quelli che hanno de’ <lb/>poggi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s317" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s318" xml:space="preserve">La diminuzione delle <lb/>Colonne, ch’ è di tre ſorte, cioè 1. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s319" xml:space="preserve">la diminuzione verſo l’ alto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s320" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s321" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>diminuzione da baſſo, da cui ne <lb/>deriva la Gonfiezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s322" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s323" xml:space="preserve">la dimi-<lb/>nuzione d’ una colonna in riguar-<lb/>do dell’ altra, cioè delle colon-<lb/>ne del ſecondi Ordini riſpetto a <lb/>quelle de’ primi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s324" xml:space="preserve">delle colonne <lb/>di mezzo riſpetto a quelle de’ can-<lb/>toni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s325" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s326" xml:space="preserve">Le Canalature, che ſo-<lb/>no di tre ſpezie, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s327" xml:space="preserve">quelle <pb file="0031" n="31"/> che ſono piatte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s328" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s329" xml:space="preserve">quelle che ſo-<lb/>no poco ſcavate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s330" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s331" xml:space="preserve">quelle che ſo-<lb/>no più incavate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s332" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s333" xml:space="preserve">I Frontoni <lb/>che hanno due parti, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s334" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Timpano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s335" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s336" xml:space="preserve">la Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s337" xml:space="preserve">VI. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s338" xml:space="preserve">Le <lb/>Cornici, nelle quali convien oſ-<lb/>ſervare cinque coſe, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s339" xml:space="preserve">la ma-<lb/>niera di collocare la ultima loro <lb/>Cimaſa ſopra i Frontoni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s340" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s341" xml:space="preserve">la pro-<lb/>porzione della loro ultima Cima-<lb/>ſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s342" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s343" xml:space="preserve">le loro Teſte di lione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s344" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s345" xml:space="preserve">i <lb/>loro Dentelli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s346" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s347" xml:space="preserve">i loro Modiglio-<lb/>ni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s348" xml:space="preserve">VII. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s349" xml:space="preserve">Gli Acroterj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s350" xml:space="preserve">Due rego-<lb/>le generali per tutti i membri d’ <lb/>Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s351" xml:space="preserve">Eſſe concernono la <lb/>loro inclinazione, e il loro ſporto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s352" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div25" type="section" level="1" n="25"> <head xml:id="echoid-head63" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quinto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head64" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Toſcano. # 118</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s353" xml:space="preserve">L’ ordine Toſcano conſiſte nelle pro-<lb/>porzioni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s354" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s355" xml:space="preserve">Della colonna ch’ è <lb/>compoſta di tre parti, le quali ſo-<lb/>no, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s356" xml:space="preserve">il Fuſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s357" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s358" xml:space="preserve">la Baſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s359" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s360" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Capitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s361" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s362" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Intavolamen-<lb/>to, che ha 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s363" xml:space="preserve">due travi, che ſer-<lb/>vono d’ Architrave. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s364" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s365" xml:space="preserve">un muret- <pb file="0032" n="32"/> to, che terrà luogo di Fregio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s366" xml:space="preserve">3. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s367" xml:space="preserve">la Cornice, che ha de’ Mutuli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s368" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s369" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Del Frontiſpicio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s370" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div26" type="section" level="1" n="26"> <head xml:id="echoid-head65" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Sesto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head66" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Dorico. # 121</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s371" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordine Dorico conſiſte nelle pro-<lb/>porzioni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s372" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s373" xml:space="preserve">Della Colonna, ch’ è <lb/>ſtata differente, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s374" xml:space="preserve">in diverſi tem-<lb/>pi, 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s375" xml:space="preserve">in opere differenti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s376" xml:space="preserve">Le par-<lb/>ti della colonna Dorica ſono, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s377" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Fuſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s378" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s379" xml:space="preserve">la Baſe, ch’ ella non <lb/>avea anticamente, e ch’ ella pren-<lb/>de dall’ Ordine Attico, di cui <lb/>la Baſe ha cinque parti, cioè il <lb/>Plinto, il Baſtone ſuperiore, il <lb/>Baſtone inferiore, la Scozia, e i <lb/>Gradetti o Liſtelli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s380" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s381" xml:space="preserve">il Capitel-<lb/>lo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s382" xml:space="preserve">che ha quattro parti, cioè il <lb/>Dado, l’ Ovolo, gli Anelletti, e <lb/>la Gola. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s383" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s384" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Architrave, <lb/>che ha due parti, cioè, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s385" xml:space="preserve">la Ben-<lb/>da. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s386" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s387" xml:space="preserve">le Goccie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s388" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s389" xml:space="preserve">Del Fre-<lb/>gio, ch’ è diviſo in due parti, <lb/>che ſono, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s390" xml:space="preserve">le Metope. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s391" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s392" xml:space="preserve">i Tri-<lb/>glift, che hanno quattro parti, <lb/>cioè Mezzi - Canali, Pianuzzi o <pb file="0033" n="33"/> Gambe, Canali e Capitelli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s393" xml:space="preserve">IV. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s394" xml:space="preserve">Della Cornice, che ha cinque par-<lb/>ti a lei particolari, cioè, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s395" xml:space="preserve">Vie <lb/>dritte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s396" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s397" xml:space="preserve">Goccie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s398" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s399" xml:space="preserve">Quadri con <lb/>Fulmini. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s400" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s401" xml:space="preserve">una Scozia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s402" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s403" xml:space="preserve">Mu-<lb/>tuli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s404" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div27" type="section" level="1" n="27"> <head xml:id="echoid-head67" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Settimo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head68" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Jonieo. # 128</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s405" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordine Jonico conſiſte nelle pro-<lb/>porzioni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s406" xml:space="preserve">1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s407" xml:space="preserve">Del Piedeſtallo, le <lb/>cui parti principali che in eſſo ſi <lb/>conſiderano, ſono 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s408" xml:space="preserve">la ſua altez-<lb/>za. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s409" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s410" xml:space="preserve">il ſuo Capitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s411" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s412" xml:space="preserve">la ſua <lb/>Baſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s413" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s414" xml:space="preserve">il ſuo Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s415" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s416" xml:space="preserve">il ſuo <lb/>Zocco. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s417" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s418" xml:space="preserve">Della Colonna, che <lb/>ha tre parti, cioè, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s419" xml:space="preserve">il Fuſto, <lb/>di cui le proporzioni ſono ſtate <lb/>differenti in diverſi tempi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s420" xml:space="preserve">e che <lb/>poſa ſopra la Baſe ſua in due ma-<lb/>niere, cioè fuori di piombo, e a <lb/>piombo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s421" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s422" xml:space="preserve">la Baſe, nella quale <lb/>ſi conſiderano le proporzioni delle <lb/>ſue parti, che ſono il Plinto, il <lb/>Toro, la Scozia ſuperiore, la Sco-<lb/>zia inſeriore, e gli aſtragali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s423" xml:space="preserve">3. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s424" xml:space="preserve">il Capitello, le cui parti ſono il <pb file="0034" n="34"/> Dado, le Volute, l’ Echino, il Ca-<lb/>nale, la Cinta, l’ Aſſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s425" xml:space="preserve">Le pro-<lb/>porzioni del Capitello Jonico deb-<lb/>bono eſſere differenti nelle colon-<lb/>ne grandi da quelle delle colonne <lb/>piccole. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s426" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s427" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Architrave, in <lb/>cui convien conſiderare, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s428" xml:space="preserve">il rap-<lb/>porto che aver deve ai Piedeſtal-<lb/>li, e alla differente altezza delle <lb/>Colonne; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s429" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s430" xml:space="preserve">la ſua larghezza nel-<lb/>la parte di ſotto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s431" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s432" xml:space="preserve">lo ſporto e <lb/>l’ altezza della Cimaſa: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s433" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s434" xml:space="preserve">l’ altez-<lb/>za delle ſue Faſcie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s435" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s436" xml:space="preserve">Del Fre-<lb/>gio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s437" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s438" xml:space="preserve">Della Cornice, le cui <lb/>parti ſono, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s439" xml:space="preserve">la prima Cimaſa. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s440" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s441" xml:space="preserve">il Dentello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s442" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s443" xml:space="preserve">la ſeconda Ci-<lb/>maſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s444" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s445" xml:space="preserve">la Corona colla ſua Ci-<lb/>maciera. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s446" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s447" xml:space="preserve">la Cimaſa grande. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s448" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Proporzion generale di tutti gli <lb/>ſporti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s449" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div28" type="section" level="1" n="28"> <head xml:id="echoid-head69" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Ottavo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head70" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Corintio. # 141</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s450" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordine Corintio non è differente <lb/>dal Jonico, che nel Capitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s451" xml:space="preserve">Per <lb/>altro egli è compoſto del Dorico, <lb/>e del Jonico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s452" xml:space="preserve">Nel Capitello Co- <pb file="0035" n="35"/> rintio vi ſono ſerte coſe da conſi-<lb/>derare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s453" xml:space="preserve">cioè, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s454" xml:space="preserve">la ſua altezza; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s455" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s456" xml:space="preserve">la ſua larghezza in alto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s457" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s458" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>quella a baſſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s459" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s460" xml:space="preserve">le ſue Foglie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s461" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s462" xml:space="preserve">i Caulicoli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s463" xml:space="preserve">6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s464" xml:space="preserve">le ſue Volute; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s465" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>7. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s466" xml:space="preserve">le ſue Roſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s467" xml:space="preserve">Gli ornamenti dell’ <lb/>Ordine Corintio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s468" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div29" type="section" level="1" n="29"> <head xml:id="echoid-head71" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Nono</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head72" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Compoſto. # 144</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s469" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordine Compoſto non viene de-<lb/>ſcritto da Vitruvio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s470" xml:space="preserve">Egli è di-<lb/>ſegnato ſoltanto in generale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s471" xml:space="preserve">Pren-<lb/>de le parti, che compongono il <lb/>ſuo Capitello, dall’ Ordine Corin-<lb/>tio, dal Jonico, e dal Dorico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s472" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0036" n="36"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div30" type="section" level="1" n="30"> <head xml:id="echoid-head73" xml:space="preserve">SECONDA PARTE</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s473" xml:space="preserve">In cui ſi contiene l’ Architettura a <lb/>noi comune cogli Antichi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s474" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div31" type="section" level="1" n="31"> <head xml:id="echoid-head74" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLOI.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head75" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Degli Edificj Publici.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head76" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head77" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Fortezze. # pag.147</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s475" xml:space="preserve">LE Regole per le Fortificazioni <lb/>contengono quattrocoſe, cioè, <lb/>I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s476" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſizione dei Terrapieni. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s477" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s478" xml:space="preserve">La Figura di turta la Piazza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s479" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s480" xml:space="preserve">La coſtruzione delle Mura, <lb/>che comprende, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s481" xml:space="preserve">la loro groſ-<lb/>ſezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s482" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s483" xml:space="preserve">la loro materia; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s484" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s485" xml:space="preserve">i lo-<lb/>ro Speroni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s486" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s487" xml:space="preserve">la figura e la di-<lb/>ſpoſizione delle Torri, e delle <lb/>Cortine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s488" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0037" n="37"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div32" type="section" level="1" n="32"> <head xml:id="echoid-head78" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head79" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ Templi. # 151</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s489" xml:space="preserve">Diviſione generale de’ Templi in Gre-<lb/>chi, e Toſcani. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s490" xml:space="preserve">I Grechi erano <lb/>o rotondi, o quadrati. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s491" xml:space="preserve">Nei qua-<lb/>drati v’ha tre coſe da conſiderare. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s492" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s493" xml:space="preserve">Le parti che ſono cinque, cioè, <lb/>1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s494" xml:space="preserve">l’ Atrio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s495" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s496" xml:space="preserve">il Poſtico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s497" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s498" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>mezzo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s499" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s500" xml:space="preserve">i Portici. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s501" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s502" xml:space="preserve">le Porte <lb/>ch’ erano di tre ſorte, cioè, la <lb/>Porta Dorica, di cui le partiera-<lb/>no l’ Antepagmento, il Fregio e <lb/>la Corona piatta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s503" xml:space="preserve">La Porta Jonica, <lb/>di cui le parti erano l’ Erta, il <lb/>Fregio, e le Menſole. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s504" xml:space="preserve">La Porta <lb/>Artica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s505" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s506" xml:space="preserve">La Proporzione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s507" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s508" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>L’ Aſpetto ch’ è doppio, l’ Aſpet-<lb/>to riguardo al Cielo, e quello in <lb/>riguardo alle parti appartenenti a <lb/>due varie ſpezie di Templi, che ſo-<lb/>no: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s509" xml:space="preserve">i Templi ſenza colonne; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s510" xml:space="preserve">i <lb/>Templi con colonne, che ſono di <lb/>otto ſpezie, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s511" xml:space="preserve">il Tempio ad <lb/>Antes, che era di tre maniere, la <lb/>prima, la ſeconda, la terza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s512" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s513" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Proſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s514" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s515" xml:space="preserve">l’ Amfiproſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s516" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s517" xml:space="preserve">il <pb file="0038" n="38"/> Periptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s518" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s519" xml:space="preserve">lo Pſeudodiptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s520" xml:space="preserve">6 <lb/>il Diptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s521" xml:space="preserve">7. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s522" xml:space="preserve">l’Ipetro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s523" xml:space="preserve">8. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s524" xml:space="preserve">lo Pſeu-<lb/>doperiptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s525" xml:space="preserve">I Templi rotondi <lb/>erano di due ſpezie, cioè: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s526" xml:space="preserve">il Mo-<lb/>noptero, e il Periptero rotondo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s527" xml:space="preserve">I Templi Toſcani. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s528" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi <lb/>aveano quattordici ſpezie di Tem-<lb/>pli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s529" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div33" type="section" level="1" n="33"> <head xml:id="echoid-head80" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head81" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Piazze Pubblichi, delle Baſili-<lb/>che, de’Teatri, de’ Porti, de’ Ba-<lb/>gni, e delle Accademie. # 167</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s530" xml:space="preserve">Gli Edificj per la comodità pubbli-<lb/>ca ſono di dieci ſpezie, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s531" xml:space="preserve">Le <lb/>pubbliche Piazze de’ Greci e de’ <lb/>Romani, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s532" xml:space="preserve">i loro Periſtili. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s533" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s534" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>loro proporzione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s535" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s536" xml:space="preserve">Le Baſili-<lb/>che. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s537" xml:space="preserve">1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s538" xml:space="preserve">la loro proporzione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s539" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s540" xml:space="preserve">le <lb/>Colonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s541" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s542" xml:space="preserve">i loro Corridoj, ch’ <lb/>crano due l’uno ſopra l’altro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s543" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s544" xml:space="preserve">le <lb/>loro Calcidiche. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s545" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s546" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s547" xml:space="preserve">Teatri <lb/>che aveano tre parti, cioè, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s548" xml:space="preserve">i <lb/>Gradi, che comprendevano l’ Or-<lb/>cheſtra, il Portico in alto, i Vaſi <lb/>di rame. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s549" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s550" xml:space="preserve">la Scena, che avea <lb/>tre parti, cioè il Pulpito, il Pro- <pb file="0039" n="39"/> ſcenio, che aveva le tre ſue porte, <lb/>le ſue Macchine voltatili per le <lb/>mutazioni, le quali facevano, che <lb/>la Scena foſſe Tragica, Comica, <lb/>e Satirica: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s551" xml:space="preserve">il Paraſcenio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s552" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s553" xml:space="preserve">i Luo-<lb/>ghi da Paſſeggio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s554" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s555" xml:space="preserve">I Porti, <lb/>ch’erano o Naturali, o Artifizia-<lb/>li, che ſi fabbricavano in tre ma-<lb/>niere: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s556" xml:space="preserve">la prima, la ſeconda, e la <lb/>terza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s557" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s558" xml:space="preserve">I Bagni, ch’ avevano <lb/>più parti differenti per riſcaldare a <lb/>poco a poco i corpi, per far ſuda-<lb/>re, per far riſcaldar l’acqua, per <lb/>lavarſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s559" xml:space="preserve">VI. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s560" xml:space="preserve">Le Paleſtre, che avea-<lb/>no più parti differenti, cioè, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s561" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>Periſtilo, che avea due ſorti di <lb/>Portici, tre ſemplici, ed un dop-<lb/>pio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s562" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s563" xml:space="preserve">lo Xiſto, che anch’ eſſo <lb/>avea due ſorte di Portici, uno dop-<lb/>pio, e due ſemplici. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s564" xml:space="preserve">Una pianura <lb/>d’Alberi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s565" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s566" xml:space="preserve">lo Stadio, che avea <lb/>due parti, ci è i Gradi degli Spet-<lb/>tatori, e la Piazza per gli eſercizj <lb/>del Corſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s567" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0040" n="40"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div34" type="section" level="1" n="34"> <head xml:id="echoid-head82" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO II.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head83" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Fabbriche Private.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head84" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head85" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dei Cortili delle Caſe. # pag.179</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s568" xml:space="preserve">LI Cortili delle caſe erano di cin-<lb/>que ſorte, cioè quattro con iſ-<lb/>porti, che ſi chiamavano: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s569" xml:space="preserve">il To-<lb/>ſcáno, il Corintio, il Tetraſtilo, <lb/>il fatto a Volte, e uno Scoperto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s570" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div35" type="section" level="1" n="35"> <head xml:id="echoid-head86" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head87" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Degli Atrj o Veſtiboli. # 181</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s571" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione degli Atrj ſi pren <lb/>deva in tre maniere, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s572" xml:space="preserve">Dal-<lb/>la loro lunghezza alla loro lar-<lb/>ghezza, ch’ era di tre ſorte: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s573" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>prima; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s574" xml:space="preserve">la ſeconda; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s575" xml:space="preserve">la terza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s576" xml:space="preserve">II. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s577" xml:space="preserve">Dalla loro lunghezza alla loro a<gap/> <lb/>tezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s578" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s579" xml:space="preserve">Dalla Nave di mezzo <lb/>alle Ale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s580" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0041" n="41"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div36" type="section" level="1" n="36"> <head xml:id="echoid-head88" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head89" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Sale. # 183</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s581" xml:space="preserve">Vi erano tre ſpezie di Sale: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s582" xml:space="preserve">le Co-<lb/>rintie, l’ Egiziane, le Cizicene. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s583" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione delle Sale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s584" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div37" type="section" level="1" n="37"> <head xml:id="echoid-head90" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head91" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Diſtribuzione degli Appartamen-<lb/>ti degli Antichi.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s585" xml:space="preserve">Le Diſtribuziooe degli Appartamen-<lb/>ti era differente preſſo ai Greci, e <lb/>ai Romani. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s586" xml:space="preserve">I Greci aveano tre <lb/>ſorte d’ Appartamenti, cioè quelli <lb/>degli Uomini, quelli delle Don-<lb/>ne, e quelli de’Foraſtieri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s587" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0042" n="42"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div38" type="section" level="1" n="38"> <head xml:id="echoid-head92" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO III.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head93" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle coſe che appartenevano <lb/>ugualmente alle Fabbriche <lb/>Pubbliche, e alle <lb/>Private.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head94" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head95" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della condotta delle Acque delle Fon-<lb/>tane. # pag.186.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s588" xml:space="preserve">LA maniera degli Antichi per li-<lb/>vellar le acque. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s589" xml:space="preserve">Le conduceva-<lb/>no con tre ſorte di Canali, cioè <lb/>con Acquedotti, con Cannoni di <lb/>piombo, e con Cannoni di terra <lb/>cotta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s590" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div39" type="section" level="1" n="39"> <head xml:id="echoid-head96" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head97" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dei Pozzi, e delle Ciſterne. # 189</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s591" xml:space="preserve">Le Cautele, cheuſavano gli Antichi <lb/>nello ſcavare i Pozzi, e nel far <lb/>le Ciſterne.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s592" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0043" n="43"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div40" type="section" level="1" n="40"> <head xml:id="echoid-head98" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head99" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Macchine per portare, e per ſol-<lb/>levare i ſaſſi e gli altri peſi. # 191</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s593" xml:space="preserve">Le Macchine per la Fabbriche era-<lb/>no fatte a due fini, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s594" xml:space="preserve">Per <lb/>tirare le pietre, ch’ erano di for-<lb/>ma, 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s595" xml:space="preserve">cilindrica, 2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s596" xml:space="preserve">quadrata <lb/>bislunga, 3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s597" xml:space="preserve">cubica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s598" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s599" xml:space="preserve">Per ſol-<lb/>levare e metter a ſuo luogo le pie-<lb/>tre grandi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s600" xml:space="preserve">Erano queſte di tre <lb/>ſpezie, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s601" xml:space="preserve">quelle che ſi ma-<lb/>neggiavano per mezzo di un Mo-<lb/>linello; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s602" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s603" xml:space="preserve">quelle che ſi maneg-<lb/>giavano per mezzo di una Ruota, <lb/>e 3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s604" xml:space="preserve">quelle che ſi maneggiavano <lb/>a forza d’uomini.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s605" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div41" type="section" level="1" n="41"> <head xml:id="echoid-head100" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head101" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Macchine per alzar le Acque. # 197</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s606" xml:space="preserve">Aveavi cinque ſpezie di Macchine <lb/>per alzar l’acque, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s607" xml:space="preserve">ll Tim-<lb/>pano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s608" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s609" xml:space="preserve">La Ruotra Caſſelle. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s610" xml:space="preserve">III. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s611" xml:space="preserve">Le Catene a Vaſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s612" xml:space="preserve">IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s613" xml:space="preserve">La Vite <pb file="0044" n="44"/> d’ Archimede. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s614" xml:space="preserve">V. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s615" xml:space="preserve">La Tromba di <lb/>Cteſibio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s616" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div42" type="section" level="1" n="42"> <head xml:id="echoid-head102" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quinto</emph></head> <head xml:id="echoid-head103" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dei Molini ad Acqua per macinare <lb/>il Grano. # 202</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s617" xml:space="preserve">I Molini ad acqua degli Antichi era-<lb/>no ſimili a’noſtri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s618" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div43" type="section" level="1" n="43"> <head xml:id="echoid-head104" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Sesto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head105" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’altre Macchine Idrauliche. # 203</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s619" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Macchine Idrauliche erano di <lb/>tre ſpezie, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s620" xml:space="preserve">Le Clepſidre. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s621" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s622" xml:space="preserve">Gli Organi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s623" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s624" xml:space="preserve">le Macchine <lb/>per miſurare il cammino che ſi fa, <lb/>1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s625" xml:space="preserve">per acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s626" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s627" xml:space="preserve">per terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s628" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div44" type="section" level="1" n="44"> <head xml:id="echoid-head106" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Settimo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head107" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Macchine da Guerra: # 207</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s629" xml:space="preserve">V’ erano tre generi di Macchine da <lb/>guerra, cioè I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s630" xml:space="preserve">Per lanciare 1.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s631" xml:space="preserve"> <pb file="0045" n="45"/> Strali; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s632" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s633" xml:space="preserve">Giavellotti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s634" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s635" xml:space="preserve">Pietre; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s636" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s637" xml:space="preserve">Dardi acceſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s638" xml:space="preserve">II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s639" xml:space="preserve">Per battere <lb/>le Mura, che erano 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s640" xml:space="preserve">l’ Ariete; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s641" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s642" xml:space="preserve">la Trivella. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s643" xml:space="preserve">III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s644" xml:space="preserve">Per appreſſar-<lb/>ſi alle mura al coperto, cioè 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s645" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>le Teſtuggini; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s646" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s647" xml:space="preserve">le Torri di le-<lb/>gno.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s648" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0046" n="46"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div45" type="section" level="1" n="45"> <head xml:id="echoid-head108" xml:space="preserve">NOI RIFORMATOR # 1</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head109" xml:space="preserve">dello Studio di Padova.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s649" xml:space="preserve">AVendo veduto per la Fede di Re-<lb/>viſione ed Approvazione del P.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s650" xml:space="preserve">F. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s651" xml:space="preserve">Paolo Tommaſo Manuelli Inquiſitore <lb/>di Venezia, nel Libro intitolato: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s652" xml:space="preserve">Ar-<lb/>chitettura Generale di Vitruvio ridotia <lb/>in compeudio dal Sig. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s653" xml:space="preserve">Perrault, ulti-<lb/>tima edizione arricchita di figure in <lb/>rame tradotta dal Franceſe, non vi eſ-<lb/>ſere coſa alcuna contro alla ſanta Fede <lb/>Cattolica; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s654" xml:space="preserve">e parimente per Atteſtato <lb/>del Segretario noſtro, niente contra <lb/>Principi e buoni coſtumi, concedemo <lb/>Licenza a Giambattiſta Albrizzi q. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s655" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Gir. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s656" xml:space="preserve">Stampatore di Venezia, che poſ-<lb/>ſa eſſere ſtampato, oſſervando gli or-<lb/>dini in materia di Stampe, e preſen-<lb/>tando le ſolite Copie alle Pubbliche <lb/>Librerie di Venezia e di Padova.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s657" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s658" xml:space="preserve">Dat. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s659" xml:space="preserve">li 16. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s660" xml:space="preserve">Febbrajo 1746.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s661" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s662" xml:space="preserve">Z. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s663" xml:space="preserve">Alviſe Mocenigo 20. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s664" xml:space="preserve">Rif.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s665" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s666" xml:space="preserve">Zuane Querini Proc. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s667" xml:space="preserve">Rif.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s668" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s669" xml:space="preserve">Regiſtrato in lib. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s670" xml:space="preserve">a carte 45. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s671" xml:space="preserve">al n.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s672" xml:space="preserve">240.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s673" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s674" xml:space="preserve">Michiel Angelo Marino Seg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s675" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s676" xml:space="preserve">Regiſtrato al Magiſtrato Eccell. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s677" xml:space="preserve">con-<lb/>tro la Beſtemia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s678" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s679" xml:space="preserve">Franceſco Gadaldini Seg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s680" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="1" file="0047" n="47"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div46" type="section" level="1" n="46"> <head xml:id="echoid-head110" xml:space="preserve">COMPENDIO <lb/>DE’ DIECI LIBRI <lb/>D’ ARCHITETTURA <lb/>DI VITRUVIO.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head111" style="it" xml:space="preserve">PREFAZIONE.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head112" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head113" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Del merito di Vitruvio, e della <lb/>ſua Opera.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s681" xml:space="preserve">IN Vitruvio tante ſono le coſe, <lb/>le quali direttamente all’ Ar-<lb/>chitettura non appartengono, che <lb/>ſembra eſſer queſto libro men a <lb/>propoſito per iſtruire chiunque <lb/>abbia idea d’ apprendere di tal’ <lb/>arte i precetti, che a render per-<lb/>ſuaſo tutto il rimanente del mon-<lb/>do, eſſere ſtato l’ Autore di lui <lb/>l’ Architetto più intendente di <lb/>quanti mai viveſſero; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s682" xml:space="preserve">e non aver <pb o="2" file="0048" n="48" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> potuto altr’uomo più giuſtamente <lb/>di lui meritar il goduto onore di <lb/>ſervir Giulio Ceſare, ed Auguſto, <lb/>que’ due Principi i più grandi, e <lb/>i più magnifici della Terra, in <lb/>un ſecolo, nel quale ogni coſa <lb/>era giunta al grado più alto di ſua <lb/>perfezione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s683" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s684" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè nel leggere queſt’ <lb/>Opera, tutta ripiena di un’ am-<lb/>mirabile diverſità di materie trat-<lb/>tatevi con erudizione ſingolare, <lb/>ſi vede che queſto grand’ uomo <lb/>acquiſtata profonda cognizione a-<lb/>vea, quale e quanta nella ſua <lb/>profeſſione ſi richiede, per mezzi <lb/>più nobili, e più capaci di pro-<lb/>durre qualche coſa di perfetto, <lb/>che non è l’eſercizio e la pratica <lb/>d’un’arte meccanica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s685" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo con-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0048-01a" xlink:href="note-0048-01"/> ſumato in tutte le cognizioni tan-<lb/>to delle belle lettere, che dell’ <lb/>Arti liberali, il di lui ſpirito av-<lb/>vezzo fin dalle faſce a comprender <lb/>le coſe più difficili, aveaſi una tale <lb/>facilità acquiſtata, che non hanno <pb o="3" file="0049" n="49" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> gia i più ſemplici artigiani, di <lb/>penetrare i ſegreti più reconditi, e <lb/>tutte le difficoltà d’ un’ arte così <lb/>vaſta e così difficile, com’è l’ Ar-<lb/>chitettura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s686" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div46" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0048-01" xlink:href="note-0048-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>Proem.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s687" xml:space="preserve">Nulla però dimeno, ſiccom’ è <lb/>vero non ſempre nell’ eſercizio <lb/>dell’arti conoſcerſi facilmente qua-<lb/>le ſia la capacità di coloro, che <lb/>vitravagliano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s688" xml:space="preserve">quella di Vitruvio, <lb/>avanti la pubblicazione del ſuo Li-<lb/>bro dall’ Autore compoſto in età <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0049-01a" xlink:href="note-0049-01"/> già matura, non ebbe tutto quel <lb/>credito, ch’eſſa meritava: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s689" xml:space="preserve">dimoſtrò <lb/>almeno nelle Prefazioni ſue Vi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0049-02a" xlink:href="note-0049-02"/> truvio di non eſſere in queſto par-<lb/>ticolare ſoddisfatto appieno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s690" xml:space="preserve">E <lb/>quel ſuo ſecolo, in cui ſi ſono pur <lb/>trovati gli ſpiriti così ragionevoli, <lb/>appunto come gli altri, non ebbe <lb/>che ſcarſo numero di perſone, le <lb/>quali foſſero in iſtato di guardarſi <lb/>dalle ſorpreſe della falſa apparen-<lb/>za, e dall’ ingiuſtizie, che fa fare <lb/>la prevenzione in pregiudizio di <lb/>quanti ſi applicano a ben coltivare <pb o="4" file="0050" n="50" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> i proprj loro talenri, più che a <lb/>farli comparire.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s691" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div47" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0049-01" xlink:href="note-0049-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/><gap/>oem.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0049-02" xlink:href="note-0049-02a" xml:space="preserve">lib. 6. <lb/><gap/>oem.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s692" xml:space="preserve">Era Vitruvio un uomo di poca <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0050-01a" xlink:href="note-0050-01"/> apparenza nell’eſteriore, che non <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0050-02a" xlink:href="note-0050-02"/> avea accumulate molte fortune <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0050-03a" xlink:href="note-0050-03"/> dall’ eſercizio di ſua profeſſione, <lb/>e che eſſendo ſtato allevato, e con-<lb/>tinuamente occupato nelle ſcien-<lb/>ze, non avea nè ſtudiata, nè <lb/>praticata l’arte della Corte, nè la <lb/>degna maniera di portarſi innan-<lb/>zi, e farſi valere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s693" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè, <lb/>quantunque ſtato foſſe raccoman-<lb/>dato ad Auguſto dalla Principeſſa <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0050-04a" xlink:href="note-0050-04"/> Ottavia di lui ſorella, non par-<lb/>ve ch’egli foſſe impiegato in o-<lb/>pere di grande importanza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s694" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>Fabbrica più bella tra le fatte fare <lb/>da Auguſto, ch’è il Teatro di <lb/>Marcello, fu ideata ed eretta da <lb/>un altro Architetto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s695" xml:space="preserve">e la ſola, <lb/>che noi ſappiamo eſſere ſtata con-<lb/>dotta dal noſtro Vitruvio, non è <lb/>neppur in Roma, ma in Fano, <lb/>che è una piccola Cittadella. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s696" xml:space="preserve">Quin-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0050-05a" xlink:href="note-0050-05"/> di eſſendo per la maggior parte <pb o="5" file="0051" n="51" rhead="DI VITRUVIO"/> gli Architetti, che aveano voga <lb/>alla età ſua, ignoranti a tal ſe-<lb/>gno di non ſapere (com’egli è <lb/>coſtretto a paleſare) neanche i <lb/>primi principj della lor arte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s697" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>qualità ſemplice d’Architetto era <lb/>divenuta talmente diſprezzevole, <lb/>che ſe il Libro di lui non aveſſe <lb/>avuto caratteri di un ſapere ſtra-<lb/>ordinario, e ch’egli non aveſſe <lb/>ſmentite, com’ha fatto, le di-<lb/>ſavvantaggioſe teſtimonianze, che <lb/>potea darne del di lui merito il <lb/>poco ſuo impiego; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s698" xml:space="preserve">i precetti da <lb/>lui laſciatici non avrebbero già <lb/>avuta quell’autorità che ſi con-<lb/>viene.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s699" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div48" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0050-01" xlink:href="note-0050-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>Proem.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0050-02" xlink:href="note-0050-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>Proem.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0050-03" xlink:href="note-0050-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>Proem.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0050-04" xlink:href="note-0050-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>Proem.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0050-05" xlink:href="note-0050-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>Proem.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s700" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè eſſendo l’ Architet-<lb/>tura un’ arte, la quale in tutto ciò <lb/>che forma la bellezza, onde l’ <lb/>opere ſue ſono capaci, non ha <lb/>quaſi altra regola che quel che <lb/>appellaſi il buon guſto, e che fa <lb/>il vero diſcernimento del bello e <lb/>del buono da ciò che non è tale; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s701" xml:space="preserve">egli è aſſolutamente neceſſario il <pb o="6" file="0052" n="52" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> perſuaderſi, quel guſto che ſi <lb/>ſeguita, eſſer migliore d’un altro, <lb/>a fine che queſta perſuaſione inſi-<lb/>nuandoſi negli ſpiriti di quanti a <lb/>un tale ſtudio ſi appigliano, venga <lb/>a formare un’idea corretta e rego-<lb/>lata, la quale per altro ſenza que-<lb/>ſta perſuaſione reſtarebbe vaga, ed <lb/>incerta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s702" xml:space="preserve">A fin però di ſtabilire <lb/>queſto buon guſto, di cui è duopo <lb/>convenire, s’ha biſogno d’ aver <lb/>qualcheduno, a cui riportarſi, <lb/>che meriti tutta la credenza a mo-<lb/>tivo della dottrina grande ſcoperta <lb/>negli ſcritti di lui, e che faccia <lb/>credere aver lui tutta la neceſ-<lb/>ſaria ſufficienza per bene ſcegliere <lb/>nell’antichità quanto v’ha di più <lb/>ſodo, e di più a propoſito per <lb/>fondare i precetti dell’ Architettu-<lb/>ra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s703" xml:space="preserve">La venerazione che ſi ha <lb/>verſo i primi Ritrovatori delle <lb/>Arti, non è ſoltanto naturale, <lb/>ma è fondata ancora ſulla ragio-<lb/>ne, per cui ſi giudica che co-<lb/>lui, il quale ebbe il primo pen- <pb o="7" file="0053" n="53" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſiere d’una coſa, abbia dovuto <lb/>aver anche un altro cervello, e <lb/>molto più di abilità per digerirne <lb/>l’ idea, di quanti poſcia dopo di <lb/>lui hanno travagliato nell’applica-<lb/>zione di condurla all’ultima ſua <lb/>perfezione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s704" xml:space="preserve">Avendo i Greci, che <lb/>ſono ſtati i Padri dell’Architettu-<lb/>ra, come lo furono della maggior <lb/>parte delle altre ſcienze, laſciate <lb/>molte opere tanto in fabbriche, <lb/>quanto in iſcritti, conſiderate al <lb/>tempo di Vitruvio come i modelli <lb/>di quanto poteaſi avere di più com-<lb/>pito in queſt’ arte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s705" xml:space="preserve">fece Vitruvio <lb/>ſcopo ſuo principale il ſeguirli e <lb/>l’ imitarli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s706" xml:space="preserve">e perciò ei compoſe <lb/>il ſuo libro, di quanto d’eccellen-<lb/>te e di raro in tutte coteſte opere <lb/>raccolſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s707" xml:space="preserve">Il che deve far credere, <lb/>ch’ egli non abbia tralaſciata cos’ <lb/>alcuna di quelle che poteano ap-<lb/>partenere a formar queſt’idea ge-<lb/>nerale del bello e del buono: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s708" xml:space="preserve">poi-<lb/>chè non v’ha apparenza, che po-<lb/>teſſe qualche coſa ſcappare ad una <pb o="8" file="0054" n="54" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> mente, la quale datanti lumi dif-<lb/>ferenti appariſce riſchiarata.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s709" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s710" xml:space="preserve">Ma perchè laſtima di Vitruvio <lb/>è oramai così generalmente ſtabi-<lb/>lita, che tutti i ſecoligià lo han-<lb/>no meſſo nel primo poſto tra le <lb/>belle menti, e che per far valere i <lb/>di lui precetti d’ Architettura, non è <lb/>di meſtieri altrimenti il raccom-<lb/>mandarli, ſe non ſe coll’aſſicurare, <lb/>che ſon eſſi cavati dal libro di Vi-<lb/>truvio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s711" xml:space="preserve">ſi è giudicato coll’idea che <lb/>ſi ha di formare un Traſſunto, ed <lb/>un compendio di queſto libro, di <lb/>poterſi recidere tutte queſte eccel-<lb/>lenti e curioſe ricerche, in cui le <lb/>perſone erudite ſpecialmente ri-<lb/>trovano mille belle coſe cavate da <lb/>una infinità d’ Autori da Vitruvio <lb/>letti, ma di cui le opere ſi ſo-<lb/>no al preſente ſmarrite; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s712" xml:space="preserve">e ſi è <lb/>contentato di parlarne nel Som-<lb/>mario, che ſi ha fatto di ciaſcun <lb/>libro al principio di queſto com-<lb/>pendio, nel quale ſi è poſto ſol-<lb/>tanto tutto ciò che può ſervire <pb o="9" file="0055" n="55" rhead="DI VITRUVIO"/> preciſamente all’ Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s713" xml:space="preserve">Le <lb/>materie però ſi ſono diſpoſte con <lb/>un altr’ordine da quello di Vitru-<lb/>vio, poichè ei ſovente laſcia quel-<lb/>le, di cui egli tratta, per riaſſu-<lb/>merle dappoi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s714" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s715" xml:space="preserve">L’ordine, che ſi è propoſto in <lb/>queſto compendio è tale, che <lb/>dopo d’aver rapportato in poche <lb/>parole quanto è contenuto in tut-<lb/>ta l’opera, ſi ſpiega più partico-<lb/>larmente ciò, che ſi è giudicato <lb/>eſſer utile, ed acconcio a ſervir a <lb/>coloro, che vogliono ſtudiare l’ <lb/>Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s716" xml:space="preserve">Queſto Trattato è <lb/>diviſo in due parti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s717" xml:space="preserve">La prima par-<lb/>te contiene le maſſime ed i pre-<lb/>cetti, che poſſono adattarſi all’ <lb/>Architettura Moderna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s718" xml:space="preserve">La ſecon-<lb/>da comprende ciò, che appartiene <lb/>all’ Architettura Prima, ed all’ <lb/>Antica, le quali tuttochè ſieno <lb/>per lo più deſtinate a coſe tali, le <lb/>quali non ſono più di noſtro uſo, <lb/>nulladimeno poſſono molto ſervir <lb/>a formar il giudizio, ed il guſto, <pb o="10" file="0056" n="56" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> e a ſomminiſtrar degli eſempj per <lb/>quelle coſe, che a noi convengono.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s719" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s720" xml:space="preserve">Io fo diſtinzione tra Architet-<lb/>tura Prima, Architettura Anti-<lb/>ca, e Architettura Moderna: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s721" xml:space="preserve">perchè Prima Architettura ſi chia-<lb/>ma quella, di cui ha ſcritto Vi-<lb/>truvio, e di cui veggonſi ancora <lb/>degli eſempj nelle Fabbriche, che <lb/>ſono reſtate nell’ Antica Grecia: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s722" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>l’ Architettura antica è quella, <lb/>che ſi vede nelle Fabbriche ſtate <lb/>fatte dopo Vitruvio in Roma, in <lb/>Coſtantinopoli, in Francia, e in <lb/>molti altri luoghi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s723" xml:space="preserve">e l’Architettu-<lb/>ra Moderna è quella, che o per a-<lb/>dattarſi agli uſi noſtri, o per altre <lb/>ragioni, ha cangiato qualche coſa <lb/>nelle diſpoſizioni e nelle propor-<lb/>zioni, che la Prima, e l’Antica <lb/>aveano in coſtume d’oſſervare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s724" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="11" file="0057" n="57" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div50" type="section" level="1" n="47"> <head xml:id="echoid-head114" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head115" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Economis di tutta l’opera di Vi-<lb/>truvio cogli Argomenti e Som-<lb/>marj di ciaſcun libro.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s725" xml:space="preserve">L’Opera tutta è diviſa in tre <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0057-01a" xlink:href="note-0057-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0057-02a" xlink:href="note-0057-02"/> parti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s726" xml:space="preserve">La prima riguarda la <lb/>coſtruzione delle Fabbriche; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s727" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>ſeconda è per la Gnomonica: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s728" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>terza per le Macchine, che ſervo-<lb/>no all’ Architettura, ed alla guer-<lb/>ra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s729" xml:space="preserve">La prima viene trattata negli <lb/>otto primi libri, la ſeconda nel <lb/>nono, nell’ultimo la terza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s730" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div50" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0057-01" xlink:href="note-0057-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>cap. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0057-02" xlink:href="note-0057-02a" xml:space="preserve">Prima <lb/>diviſio-<lb/>ne di <lb/>tutra l’ <lb/>opera <lb/>in tre <lb/>parti <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s731" xml:space="preserve">La prima parte, che è per le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0057-03a" xlink:href="note-0057-03"/> Fabbriche, ha due capi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s732" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>gli Edifizj o ſono pubblici, o ſono <lb/>privati. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s733" xml:space="preserve">Dei privati ſe ne parla nel <lb/>libro ſeſto, e per ciò che con-<lb/>cerne a quelli, che ſono in pub-<lb/>blico, la parte, in cui ſe ne trat-<lb/>ta, è diviſa ancora in tre parti: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s734" xml:space="preserve">una è quella, che riſguarda la ſi-<lb/>curezza, la qual conſiſte nelle For- <pb o="12" file="0058" n="58" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> tificazioni deſcritta al capo terzo <lb/>del primo libro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s735" xml:space="preserve">l’ altra ap-<lb/>partiene alla Religione, della <lb/>quale ſi parla nel terzo e nel <lb/>quarto libro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s736" xml:space="preserve">e la terza ap-<lb/>partiene alla pubblica comodità, <lb/>la quale comprende le Piazze, le <lb/>Caſe di Città, i Teatri, i Bagni, <lb/>le Accademie, e i Porti, delle <lb/>quali coſe tutte ſi diſcorre nel <lb/>quinto libro.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s737" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div51" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0057-03" xlink:href="note-0057-03a" xml:space="preserve">I. <lb/>La co-<lb/>ſtruzio-<lb/>ne delle <lb/>Fabbri-<lb/>che.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s738" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda parte, che è per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0058-01a" xlink:href="note-0058-01"/> la Gnomonica, viene trattata nel <lb/>libro nono.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s739" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div52" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0058-01" xlink:href="note-0058-01a" xml:space="preserve">II. La <lb/>Gno-<lb/>moni-<lb/>ca.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s740" xml:space="preserve">La parte terza, che è per le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0058-02a" xlink:href="note-0058-02"/> Macchine, ſi tratta e ſi ſpiega nel <lb/>decimo ed ultimo libro.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s741" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div53" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0058-02" xlink:href="note-0058-02a" xml:space="preserve">III. La <lb/>Mecca-<lb/>nica.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s742" xml:space="preserve">Oltra queſte materie particolari <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0058-03a" xlink:href="note-0058-03"/> dell’ Architettura, v’ha tre coſe <lb/>ancora, che appartengono gene-<lb/>ralmente a tutte le Fabbriche; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s743" xml:space="preserve">le <lb/>quali tre coſe ſono la ſodezza, la <lb/>comodità, e la bellezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s744" xml:space="preserve">Della ſo-<lb/>dezza ſi parla nell’undecimo capo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0058-04a" xlink:href="note-0058-04"/> del ſeſto libro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s745" xml:space="preserve">della comodità al <lb/>capo ſettimo del medeſimo libro;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s746" xml:space="preserve"> <pb o="13" file="0059" n="59" rhead="DI VITRUVIO"/> e della bellezza in tutto il libro <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0059-01a" xlink:href="note-0059-01"/> ſettimo, il qual contiene gli or-<lb/>namenti, che la Pittura e la <lb/>Scoltura poſſono dare a tutte le <lb/>ſorte di Fabbriche. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s747" xml:space="preserve">Poichè per <lb/>quanto concerne la Proporzione, <lb/>che deve eſſere ſtimata uno de’ <lb/>principali fondamenti della bellez-<lb/>za, queſta parte vien trattata in <lb/>ogni luogo dell’ opera.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s748" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div54" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0058-03" xlink:href="note-0058-03a" xml:space="preserve">Secon-<lb/>da di-<lb/>viſione <lb/>di tutta <lb/>l’opera <lb/>in tre <lb/>parti, <lb/>cioè <lb/>I La <lb/>ſodez-<lb/>za.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0058-04" xlink:href="note-0058-04a" xml:space="preserve">II. La <lb/>como-<lb/>dità.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0059-01" xlink:href="note-0059-01a" xml:space="preserve">III. La <lb/>bellez-<lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s749" xml:space="preserve">Ma per far conoſcere un poco <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0059-02a" xlink:href="note-0059-02"/> più particolarmente con che ordi-<lb/>ne ciaſcun libro ſpieghi tutte le <lb/>accennate coſe, convien dire che <lb/>nel primo, dopo di avere trattato <lb/>di ciò che appartiene all’ Archi-<lb/>tettura in generale per l’ enume-<lb/>razione delle parti, che la com-<lb/>pongono, e di quelle, che ſi ri-<lb/>chieggono in un Architetto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s750" xml:space="preserve">l’ <lb/>Autore comincia a ſpiegare per <lb/>minuto qual eſſer debba la ſcelta <lb/>de’ luoghi, dove vuolſi fabbricare, <lb/>e qual’ eſpoſizione aver debbano <lb/>gli edifizj per eſſere ſani e como-<lb/>di. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s751" xml:space="preserve">In ſeguito egli parla deifon- <pb o="14" file="0060" n="60" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> damenti, e del rimanente del-<lb/>la coſtruzione delle Fortificazio-<lb/>ni, e della forma delle Torri <lb/>e delle mura delle Città: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s752" xml:space="preserve">in-<lb/>di molto ſi ſtende ſu i diverſi <lb/>temperamenti di tutti i corpi, e <lb/>ſulla natura dei luoghi, e de’ <lb/>venti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s753" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div55" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0059-02" xlink:href="note-0059-02a" xml:space="preserve">Som-<lb/>mario <lb/>dei x. <lb/>libri di <lb/>Vitru-<lb/>vio. <lb/>Del <lb/>Primo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s754" xml:space="preserve">Nel ſecondo libro egli parla dell’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0060-01a" xlink:href="note-0060-01"/> origine dell’ Architettura, e dice <lb/>quali ſieno ſtate le prime abita-<lb/>zioni degli Uomini. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s755" xml:space="preserve">Tratta egli <lb/>in ſeguito de’ materiali, cioè <lb/>dei Mattoni, del Sabbione, della <lb/>Calcina, e del Legname. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s756" xml:space="preserve">Dopo <lb/>di che parla delle maniere diverſe <lb/>di ſituare, legare, e murare le <lb/>pietre: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s757" xml:space="preserve">va filoſofando ſopra i prin-<lb/>cipj delle coſe, e ſopra ciò che <lb/>le rende durevoli, ſopra la natu-<lb/>ra della Calcina, ſopra la ſcelta <lb/>del Sabbione, e del rempo di far <lb/>il taglio del legname.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s758" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div56" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0060-01" xlink:href="note-0060-01a" xml:space="preserve">Del Se-<lb/>condo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s759" xml:space="preserve">Tratta il libro terzo delle pro-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0060-02a" xlink:href="note-0060-02"/> porzioni dei Templi, e dei ſette <lb/>loro generi, che ſono il Tempio <pb o="15" file="0061" n="61" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> detto volgarmente da noſtri Fac-<lb/>cia in Pilaſtri, il Proſtilo, detto <lb/>Faccia in colonne, quello nomi-<lb/>nato Amfiproſtilo, il Periptero, <lb/>o ſia lo Alato d’intorno, il Pſeu-<lb/>dodiptero, o ſia il Falſo Alato <lb/>di due ordini, il Diptero, o ſia <lb/>lo Alato di due ordini, e l’Ipetro, <lb/>cioè lo ſcoperto: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s760" xml:space="preserve">indi parla degli <lb/>ſpazj differenti delle colonne, on-<lb/>de naſcono le cinque maniere de’ <lb/>Templi, che chiamanſi, il Picno-<lb/>ſtilo, cioè di ſpeſſe colonne, il Si-<lb/>ſtilo, cioè di colonne più larghe, <lb/>il Diaſtilo, cioè di colonne ancora <lb/>più diſtanti, l’Areoſtilo, cioè di <lb/>colonne oltra quello, che ſi convie-<lb/>ne, lontane, e l’Euſtilo, cioè di <lb/>colonne con ragionevoli e conve-<lb/>nienti intervalli diſpoſte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s761" xml:space="preserve">Si co-<lb/>mincia poi dopo di queſto a dar le <lb/>miſure, e’l dettaglio dell’ ordine <lb/>Ionico, e ſi dimoſtra come le <lb/>proporzioni delle colonne ſono <lb/>ſtate preſe ſopra quelle del corpo <lb/>umano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s762" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div57" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0060-02" xlink:href="note-0060-02a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>Terzo.</note> </div> <pb o="16" file="0062" n="62" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s763" xml:space="preserve">Il libro quarto è impiegato nel <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0062-01a" xlink:href="note-0062-01"/> dar le miſure dell’ ordine Corin-<lb/>tio, e del Dorico per i Templi, <lb/>con le proporzioni di varie parti, <lb/>che gli compongono. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s764" xml:space="preserve">Racconta l’ <lb/>Autore quali ſieno ſtati i primi <lb/>Ritrovatori degli ordini d’Archi-<lb/>tettura appreſſo i Greci.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s765" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div58" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0062-01" xlink:href="note-0062-01a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>quarto.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s766" xml:space="preserve">Il quinto tratta degli Edifizj <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0062-02a" xlink:href="note-0062-02"/> pubblici, cioè delle Piazze, delle <lb/>Baſiliche, dei Teatri, dei Bagni, <lb/>delle Scuole per le Scienze, e del-<lb/>le Accademie per gli Eſercizj, e in <lb/>fine de’Porti di mare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s767" xml:space="preserve">Si diffon-<lb/>de alla lunga l’ Autore ſopra la <lb/>Muſica per occaſione de’ Teatri, <lb/>nei quali gli Architetti avean in <lb/>coſtume di alleſtire certi luoghi, <lb/>ove riporre certi vaſi di rame ac-<lb/>cordati in tuoni differenti per ſer-<lb/>vir di Eco, a fine d’accreſcere co-<lb/>sì la forza della voce degli Attori <lb/>delle Commedie.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s768" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div59" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0062-02" xlink:href="note-0062-02a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>quinto.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s769" xml:space="preserve">Nel ſeſto inſegna l’ Autore, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0062-03a" xlink:href="note-0062-03"/> quali foſſero le proporzioni, e <lb/>quale la forma delle Caſe private <pb o="17" file="0063" n="63" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> appreſſo i Greci ed appreſſo i Ro-<lb/>mani, tanto nella Città che alla <lb/>Campagna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s770" xml:space="preserve">e deſcrive le parti di <lb/>tali Caſe, ch’ erano le Corti, gli <lb/>Atrj, le Sale grandi, le Sale da <lb/>mangiare, le Camere, i Gabi-<lb/>netti, e le Biblioteche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s771" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div60" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0062-03" xlink:href="note-0062-03a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>ſeſto.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s772" xml:space="preserve">Nel ſettimo tratta Vitruvio <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0063-01a" xlink:href="note-0063-01"/> della maniera d’impiegare la mal-<lb/>ta per le intonacature, e per gli <lb/>Tavolati; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s773" xml:space="preserve">e ſpiega come debba <lb/>prepararſi la calcina e la polvere <lb/>di marmo per fare lo Stucco. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s774" xml:space="preserve">Parla egli ancora degli altri orna-<lb/>menti comuni ad ogni ſorta di <lb/>Fabbriche, come della Pittura e <lb/>dei differenti colori, sì naturali <lb/>che artifiziali, cui eran ſoliti di <lb/>uſare gli Antichi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s775" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div61" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0063-01" xlink:href="note-0063-01a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>Setti-<lb/>mo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s776" xml:space="preserve">L’ottavo impiegaſi tutto in par-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0063-02a" xlink:href="note-0063-02"/> lare delle acque de’ fiumi e delle <lb/>fonti, cioè della loro natura e <lb/>delle lor proprietà e propone il <lb/>modo di ricercare le acque, e <lb/>quello ancora di condurle.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s777" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div62" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0063-02" xlink:href="note-0063-02a" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ <lb/>ottavo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s778" xml:space="preserve">Il nono altresì tutto verte ſulla <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0063-03a" xlink:href="note-0063-03"/> <pb o="18" file="0064" n="64" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> Gnomonica, vale a dire ſulla ma-<lb/>niera di formar orologj a Sole, e <lb/>ſopra alcune regole di Geome-<lb/>tria, che poſſono ſervire a miſu-<lb/>rare i piani e i corpi ſolidi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s779" xml:space="preserve">Si <lb/>ſtende poi molto l’Autore ſopra il <lb/>corſo degli Aſtri, e ſulla deſcrizio-<lb/>ne delle Stelle fiſſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s780" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div63" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0063-03" xlink:href="note-0063-03a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>nono.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s781" xml:space="preserve">Il decimo è per le Macchine, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0064-01a" xlink:href="note-0064-01"/> che ſervono ad alzare e a gittare <lb/>peſi molto grandi, e per quelle <lb/>che ſi adoperano a molti altri <lb/>uſi, come all’innalzamento dell’ <lb/>acque, ne’Mulini da biada, negli <lb/>Organi da acqua, per la miſura <lb/>del cammino che ſi fa in viag-<lb/>giando, tanto per acqua come per <lb/>terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s782" xml:space="preserve">ma principalmente tratta l’ <lb/>Autore di quelle Macchine, che <lb/>ſervono alle Fabbriche ed alla <lb/>Guerra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s783" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div64" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0064-01" xlink:href="note-0064-01a" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>deci-<lb/>mo.</note> </div> <pb o="19" file="0065" n="65"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div66" type="section" level="1" n="48"> <head xml:id="echoid-head116" xml:space="preserve">COMPENDIO <lb/>DE’ DIECI LIBRI <lb/>D’ ARCHITETTURA <lb/>DI VITRUVIO</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head117" style="it" xml:space="preserve">PRIMA PARTE,</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head118" xml:space="preserve">In cui ſi contiene l’ Architettura <lb/>che noi abbiamo comune <lb/>cogli Antichi.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head119" xml:space="preserve">CAPO PRIMO</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head120" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Architettura in generale.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head121" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Ar ticolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head122" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ origine dell’ Architettura.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s784" xml:space="preserve">SI dice che gli uomini, i quali <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0065-01a" xlink:href="note-0065-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0065-02a" xlink:href="note-0065-02"/> abitavano per l’innanzi a ma-<lb/>niera di fiere ſelvaggie ne’boſchi <lb/>e nelle caverne, ſi adunaſſero la <lb/>prima volta per fabbricar Caſe e <pb o="20" file="0066" n="66" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> Città; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s785" xml:space="preserve">é che ciò avvenne per oc-<lb/>caſione del fuoco dal vento acce-<lb/>ſoſi a caſo in una foreſta, da cui <lb/>coloro che abitavan colà, furon <lb/>tratti fuori per lo ſpettacolo della <lb/>novità, e per gli ammirabili ſuoi <lb/>effetti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s786" xml:space="preserve">poichè in tal guiſa eſſen-<lb/>doſi in numero gli uomini ſcon-<lb/>trati inſieme tutti in un luogo <lb/>medeſimo, trovaron mezzo, aju-<lb/>trandoſi gli uni gli altri, di met-<lb/>terſi più agiatamente al coperto, <lb/>che non erano ſotto gli alberi, o <lb/>nelle ſpelonche. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s787" xml:space="preserve">Quindi pretende-<lb/>ſi, che l’ Architettura foſſe il prin-<lb/>cipio e l’ origine di tutte l’ altre <lb/>arti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s788" xml:space="preserve">poichè vedendo gli uomini <lb/>di eſſer riuſciti nell’ arte di fab-<lb/>bricare, che la neceſſità avea loro <lb/>fatta inventare, ebbero perciò il <lb/>penſiero e il coraggio di rintrac-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0066-01a" xlink:href="note-0066-01"/> ciarne dell’ altre, e di ben appli-<lb/>carviſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s789" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div66" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0065-01" xlink:href="note-0065-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>cap. 1.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0065-02" xlink:href="note-0065-02a" xml:space="preserve">La pri-<lb/>ma oc-<lb/>caſione <lb/>di ap-<lb/>plicarſi <lb/>all’ Ar-<lb/>chitct-<lb/>tura.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0066-01" xlink:href="note-0066-01a" xml:space="preserve">I primi <lb/>model-<lb/>li, che l’ <lb/>Archi-<lb/>tettura <lb/>ha ſe-<lb/>guiti, <lb/>furono <lb/>o natu-<lb/>rali,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s790" xml:space="preserve">Ora ſiccome in quella volta ſi <lb/>ſono preſi degli alberi, de’ſaſſi ed <lb/>altre coſe, che la natura da ſe <pb o="21" file="0067" n="67" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſteſſa ſomminiſtrò agli animali per <lb/>metterli a coperto, e quelle tali <lb/>coſe ſi fecero ſervire come di mo-<lb/>delli ſopra cui fabbricaronſi le pri-<lb/>me caſe, le quali altro non erano <lb/>da principio ſe non ceſpugli e tron-<lb/>chi d’ alberi ſvelti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s791" xml:space="preserve">così appunto in <lb/>appreſſo ſi tenne la ſteſſa maniera <lb/>per giugnere a qualche coſa di più <lb/>perfetto: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s792" xml:space="preserve">imperciocchè paſſandoſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0067-01a" xlink:href="note-0067-01"/> dall’ imitazione del naturale a quel-<lb/>la dell’ artifiziale, s’inventarono <lb/>tutti gli ornamenti degli Edifizj i <lb/>più artifizialmente lavorati, dando <lb/>loro la forma delle coſe, che ſo-<lb/>no ſemplicemente neceſſariè alle <lb/>Fabbriche più naturali: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s793" xml:space="preserve">e i pezzi <lb/>di legname onde ſono formati i <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0067-02a" xlink:href="note-0067-02"/> tetti e i tavolati delle caſe, ſono <lb/>ſtati l’ origine delle Colonne, degli <lb/>Architravi, dei Fregi, dei Tri-<lb/>glifi, dei Modiglioni, delle Cor-<lb/>nici e de’Fronteſpizj, che ſi fan-<lb/>no di pietra o di marmo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s794" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div67" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0067-01" xlink:href="note-0067-01a" xml:space="preserve">o arti-<lb/>fiziali.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0067-02" xlink:href="note-0067-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>cap. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s795" xml:space="preserve">Le Colonne, che debbon eſſere <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0067-03a" xlink:href="note-0067-03"/> più ſtrette in alto che a baſſo, ſo- <pb o="22" file="0068" n="68" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> no ſtate la prima volta fatte ad <lb/>imitazione dei tronchi degli alberi, <lb/>e il loro uſo è ſtato preſo da que’ <lb/>puntelli di legno, che ſogliono <lb/>farſi per ſoſtentare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s796" xml:space="preserve">Gli Architra-<lb/>vi che ſi pongono a traverſo ſo-<lb/>pra più colonne, rappreſentano <lb/>que’ travi i quali reggono la par-<lb/>te anteriore del tetto, o quel tra-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0068-01a" xlink:href="note-0068-01"/> verſo, che congiugne inſieme più <lb/>puntelli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s797" xml:space="preserve">I Fregj imitano quella <lb/>muratura che ſi fa ſopra l’ accen-<lb/>nato traverſo tra le teſte de’ legni, <lb/>che poſano ſopra il dritto delle <lb/>colonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s798" xml:space="preserve">I Triglifi fono immagine <lb/>delle piaſtrelle di maſtice o di <lb/>legname lavorato, che mettevanfi <lb/>ſulle teſte de’ travi per conſervar-<lb/>li. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s799" xml:space="preserve">Le Cornici ſono come l’ eſtre-<lb/>mità del ſoffitto e dell’ altre co-<lb/>ſe, onde ſono compoſti i tavola-<lb/>ti o i ſolaj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s800" xml:space="preserve">I Modiglioni rap-<lb/>preſentano la teſta de’ cantieri; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s801" xml:space="preserve">e <lb/>i Dentelli quelle degli aſſeri o <lb/>moraletti, che ſportano fuori nel <lb/>tavolato del coperto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s802" xml:space="preserve">I Fronte- <pb o="23" file="0069" n="69" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſpizj ſono fatti a ſomiglianza del-<lb/>le travature triangolari de’ tetti <lb/>di legname, ſopra cui giace il <lb/>colmo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s803" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div68" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0067-03" xlink:href="note-0067-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 1.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0068-01" xlink:href="note-0068-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s804" xml:space="preserve">V’ha una terza origine ancora <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0069-01a" xlink:href="note-0069-01"/> dell’ Architettura, la quale ſi de-<lb/>ſume dagl’ Inventori degli Ordini, <lb/>e da coloro che vi hanno aggiun-<lb/>ti gli ornamenti, onde gli Ordini <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0069-02a" xlink:href="note-0069-02"/> medeſimi vanno arricchiti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s805" xml:space="preserve">Si cre-<lb/>de, che la prima Fabbrica la qua-<lb/>le fu fatta ſecondo qualcheduno <lb/>degli Ordini che ſono in uſo, ſia <lb/>ſtata il Tempio che il Re Doro <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0069-03a" xlink:href="note-0069-03"/> erger fece a Giunone nella Città <lb/>d’ Argo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s806" xml:space="preserve">Quindi la maniera ſe-<lb/>condo la quale quel Tempio fu <lb/>ordinato, venne chiamata Dorica, <lb/>allora quando il Principe Ione <lb/>condottiere della Colonia ch’ egli <lb/>ſtabilì nell’ Aſia, vifece conſtruire <lb/>de’ Templi ſul modello di quello, <lb/>che Doro avea prima fatto fabbri-<lb/>care in Grecia. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s807" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0069-04a" xlink:href="note-0069-04"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div69" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0069-01" xlink:href="note-0069-01a" xml:space="preserve">I pri-<lb/>mi In-<lb/>ventori <lb/>dell’ <lb/>Ar hi-<lb/>tettura <lb/>ſono <lb/>ſtati</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0069-02" xlink:href="note-0069-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0069-03" xlink:href="note-0069-03a" xml:space="preserve">1 gli <lb/>Archi-<lb/>letti <lb/>del Re <lb/>Doro.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0069-04" xlink:href="note-0069-04a" xml:space="preserve">2 quel. <lb/>li del <lb/>Prin-<lb/>cipe-<lb/>lone.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s808" xml:space="preserve">Ma i Ionj avendo cangiata <lb/>qualche coſa nelle proporzioni e <pb o="24" file="0070" n="70" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> negli ornamenti dell’ Ordine Dori-<lb/>co, furon Autori d’un altro, che <lb/>appelloſſi Ionico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s809" xml:space="preserve">ſecondo il quale <lb/>ereſſero un Tempio a Diana. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s810" xml:space="preserve">Il <lb/>motivo di tal cangiamento ſi fu, <lb/>che eſſendo queſto Tempio conſe-<lb/>grato a una Divinità, cui eſſi <lb/>rappreſentavano ſotto la figura d’ <lb/>una Giovane, credettero eſſer a <lb/>propoſito il rendere le Colonne di <lb/>quello più gentili, affinchè me-<lb/>glio corriſpondeſſero alla ſtatura <lb/>di queſta Dea; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s811" xml:space="preserve">e per tal ragio-<lb/>ne le adornarono più dilicatamen-<lb/>te, aggiugnendovi le baſi che rap-<lb/>preſentavano la calzatura di quel <lb/>tempo, e facendovi le canalature <lb/>più incavate, per imitare la creſ-<lb/>patura d’ un veſtito ſottile e leggie-<lb/>ro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s812" xml:space="preserve">Vi poſero ancora dei Rivolti <lb/>al Capitello, pretendendo, che que-<lb/>ſti aveſſero la forma dell’ accon-<lb/>ciatura d’ una Giovane, i cui ca-<lb/>pelli calano dalla fronte e dall’ alto <lb/>della teſta, per eſſere al di ſotto <lb/>di ciaſcheduna orecchia raccolti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s813" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="25" file="0071" n="71" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s814" xml:space="preserve">In ſeguito Callimaco, Scultore <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0071-01a" xlink:href="note-0071-01"/> Atenieſe, arricchì ancora di più <lb/>il Capitello delle Colonne, po-<lb/>nendovi dei Rivolti più dilicati e <lb/>in maggior numero, aggiungnen-<lb/>dovi anche delle foglie d’ Acan-<lb/>to, e delle roſe alle quattro fac-<lb/>ciate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s815" xml:space="preserve">Diceſi, che queſto Capitel-<lb/>lo, il quale, ſecondo Vitruvio, <lb/>forma tutta la differenza dell’ Or-<lb/>dine Corinthio dal Ionico, fu in-<lb/>ventato da queſt’ Artefice ingegno-<lb/>ſo per tale occaſione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s816" xml:space="preserve">Vide Calli-<lb/>maco le foglie d’ una pianta di A-<lb/>canto alzarſi all’ intorno d’ un ca-<lb/>neſtro, ch’ era ſtato poſto alla tom-<lb/>ba d’ una Giovane Corintia, e ch’ <lb/>eraſi incontrato a caſo ſul mezzo <lb/>della pianta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s817" xml:space="preserve">egli perciò avviſoſſi <lb/>di rappreſentare queſto caneſtro per <lb/>lo Tambuto o Vaſo del Capitello, <lb/>al quale vi fece un Tagliere per <lb/>imitare una tegola, con cui era il <lb/>paniere coperto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s818" xml:space="preserve">Vi rappreſentò <lb/>ancora la curvatura de’ fuſti dell’ <lb/>Acanto co’ Fuſti e Rivolti i quali <pb o="26" file="0072" n="72" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ſempre poſcia ſi aggiunſero al Ca-<lb/>pitello Corinthio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s819" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Ta-<lb/>vola IX.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s820" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div70" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0071-01" xlink:href="note-0071-01a" xml:space="preserve">Ca’li-<lb/>maco.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s821" xml:space="preserve">Queſto medeſimo Scultore in-<lb/>ventò altri ornamenti ancora, <lb/>come quelli, che noi chiamiamo <lb/>Uova <anchor type="note" xlink:href="" symbol="*"/> a cagione delle Ovali in rilievo, che ſono ne’ modani delle <lb/>Cornici, e che ad Uova s’ aſſo-<lb/>migliano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s822" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi nominavano <lb/>queſt’ ornamento Echino, che ſi-<lb/>gnifica il guſcio ſpinoſo delle Ca-<lb/>ſtagne, perchè trovavano, che que-<lb/>ſte Ovali rappreſentavano una Ca-<lb/>ſtagna, la quale mezza s’ apre, <lb/>quand’ ella è matura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s823" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s824" xml:space="preserve">Vien fatta menzione ancora d’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0072-01a" xlink:href="note-0072-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0072-02a" xlink:href="note-0072-02"/> un altro celebre Autore, il quale <lb/>ha trovata la proporzione delle <lb/>parti delle Fabriche; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s825" xml:space="preserve">e queſti è Er-<lb/>mogene, al quale ſi attribuiſce l’ in-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0072-03a" xlink:href="note-0072-03"/> <pb o="27" file="0073" n="73" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> venzione dell’ Euſtilo, del Pſeu-<lb/>dodiptero, e di quanto v’ ha di <lb/>più bello e di meglio inteſo nell’ <lb/>Archittetura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s826" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div71" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0072-01" xlink:href="note-0072-01a" xml:space="preserve">4. Er-<lb/>moge-<lb/>ne.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0072-02" xlink:href="note-0072-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note symbol="*" position="foot" xlink:label="note-0072-03" xlink:href="note-0072-03a" xml:space="preserve">La voce Franceſe Oves che ſi leg-<lb/>ge nell’ Originale, dai Sigg. Acade-<lb/>mici viene preſa per la voce Latina <lb/>Echinus, vale a dir Riccio. Veggaſi <lb/>il Ricbelet alla voce Oves.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div73" type="section" level="1" n="49"> <head xml:id="echoid-head123" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head124" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Che coſa ſia l’ Architettura.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s827" xml:space="preserve">L’ Architettura è una ſcienza, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0073-01a" xlink:href="note-0073-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0073-02a" xlink:href="note-0073-02"/> che deve eſſer accompagnata <lb/>da una gran varietà di ſtudj e di <lb/>cognizioni, col di cui mezzo ella <lb/>giudica di tutte le opere delle al-<lb/>tre arti, le quali appartengono <lb/>ad eſſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s828" xml:space="preserve">Queſta ſcienza colla Teo-<lb/>ria ſi acquiſta, e colla Pratica. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s829" xml:space="preserve">La Teoria dell’ Architettura è la <lb/>cognizione, che ſi può avere di <lb/>ciò che a queſta ſcienza appar-<lb/>tiene, dallo ſtudio de’ libri, o <lb/>da’ viaggi, o dalla meditazione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s830" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>La Pratica è la cognizione, che <lb/>ſi è acquiſtata dall’ eſecuzione, e <lb/>dalla condotta delle Fabbriche. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s831" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Queſte due parti ſono talmente <pb o="28" file="0074" n="74" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> neceſſarie, che gli Architteti, i <lb/>quali tentarono di giugner alla <lb/>cognizione della lor arte per via <lb/>del puro eſercizio, non hanno <lb/>potuto mai avanzarſi, per quanto <lb/>di travaglio v’ abbiano ſpeſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s832" xml:space="preserve">ap-<lb/>punto come quegli altri, i quali <lb/>hanno creduto, la ſola cognizione <lb/>delle lettere e il ſolo diſcorſo <lb/>poter condurli al fine preteſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s833" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div73" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0073-01" xlink:href="note-0073-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 1.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0073-02" xlink:href="note-0073-02a" xml:space="preserve">Defini-<lb/>zione <lb/>de ll’ <lb/>Archi-<lb/>tettura</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s834" xml:space="preserve">Oltre alla cognizione delle co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0074-01a" xlink:href="note-0074-01"/> ſe che appartengono particolar-<lb/>mente all’ Architettura, ve ne ha <lb/>un’ infinità d’altre, che all’ Archi-<lb/>tetto ſono neceſſarie.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s835" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div74" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0074-01" xlink:href="note-0074-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ar-<lb/>chitet-<lb/>to deb-<lb/>be aver <lb/>cogni-<lb/>zione <lb/>di undi-<lb/>ci coſe, <lb/>c ioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s836" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè convien, ch’ egli <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0074-02a" xlink:href="note-0074-02"/> ſappia mettere bene in carta, per <lb/>eſtender il diſcorſo e l’ idea delle <lb/>opere, ch’ e’ ſi propone di fare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s837" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div75" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0074-02" xlink:href="note-0074-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. della <lb/>Scrit-<lb/>tura.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s838" xml:space="preserve">Egli deve ſaper diſegnare, per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0074-03a" xlink:href="note-0074-03"/> formar i piani e l’ elevazioni del-<lb/>le Fabbriche, ch’ intraprende.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s839" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div76" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0074-03" xlink:href="note-0074-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. del <lb/>Diſe-<lb/>gno.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s840" xml:space="preserve">La Geometria gli è neceſſaria, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0074-04a" xlink:href="note-0074-04"/> per prendere le ſue giuſte miſu-<lb/>re, e i ſuoi livellamenti. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s841" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0074-05a" xlink:href="note-0074-05"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div77" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0074-04" xlink:href="note-0074-04a" xml:space="preserve">3. della <lb/>Geo-<lb/>metria.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0074-05" xlink:href="note-0074-05a" xml:space="preserve">4. dell’ <lb/>Arit-<lb/>metica.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s842" xml:space="preserve">Egli ha biſogno dell’ Aritmeti- <pb o="29" file="0075" n="75" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ca, per poter fare i ſuoi calcoli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s843" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s844" xml:space="preserve">Egli deve ſapere l’ Iſtoria, a <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0075-01a" xlink:href="note-0075-01"/> fine di poter render ragione della <lb/>maggior parte degli ornamenti d’ <lb/>Architettura, che ſono fondati <lb/>ſull’ Iſtoria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s845" xml:space="preserve">Per modo d’ eſempio, <lb/>ſe in vece di Colonne fa ſoſtenta-<lb/>re gl’ Intavolati delle Fabbriche <lb/>da figure di Donne, che ſi appel-<lb/>lano Cariatidi, convien ch’ e’ ſap-<lb/>pia, che inventaron i Greci tali <lb/>figure, per far intendere alla po-<lb/>ſterità le vittorie da lor ottenute <lb/>ſopra i popoli della Caria, de’ <lb/>quali fecero cattive le Donne, e <lb/>ne pofero le loro immagini nelle <lb/>proprie Fabbriche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s846" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div78" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0075-01" xlink:href="note-0075-01a" xml:space="preserve">5. dell’ <lb/>Iftoria.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s847" xml:space="preserve">E’ neceſſario inoltre, ch’ egli ſia <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0075-02a" xlink:href="note-0075-02"/> iſtruito ne’ precetti della Filoſofia <lb/>Morale; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s848" xml:space="preserve">perch’ ei aver deve l’ <lb/>animo grande ed ardito, ma ſen-<lb/>za arroganza, giuſto, fedele, e <lb/>affatto lontano dall’ avarizia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s849" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div79" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0075-02" xlink:href="note-0075-02a" xml:space="preserve">6. della <lb/>Filoſo-<lb/>fia Mo-<lb/>rale.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s850" xml:space="preserve">L’ Architetto aver deve ancora <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0075-03a" xlink:href="note-0075-03"/> tale docilità, che lo rattenga dal <lb/>traſcurare e dallo ſprezzare gli av- <pb o="30" file="0076" n="76" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> viſi, che poſſon eſſergli ſomminiſtra-<lb/>ti non ſolamente dagli Artigiani <lb/>di minor conto, mada quelli an-<lb/>cora, che non ſono della ſua pro-<lb/>feſſione: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s851" xml:space="preserve">poichè i ſoli Architetti, <lb/>ma tutto il mondo, non ſono quel-<lb/>lo che deve giudicare dell’ opere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s852" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div80" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0075-03" xlink:href="note-0075-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 11.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s853" xml:space="preserve">La Filoſofia Naturale gli è ne-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0076-01a" xlink:href="note-0076-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0076-02a" xlink:href="note-0076-02"/> ceſſaria ancora per iſcoprire quali <lb/>ſieno le cagioni di molte coſe, <lb/>alle quali deve l’ Architetto por-<lb/>ger rimedio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s854" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div81" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0076-01" xlink:href="note-0076-01a" xml:space="preserve">7. della <lb/>Filoſo-<lb/>fia Na-<lb/>turale.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0076-02" xlink:href="note-0076-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s855" xml:space="preserve">E’ neceſſaria inoltre qualche co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0076-03a" xlink:href="note-0076-03"/> gnizione della Medicina, per ſa-<lb/>per le qualità dell’ aria, che ren-<lb/>dono i luoghi ſani e abitabili.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s856" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div82" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0076-03" xlink:href="note-0076-03a" xml:space="preserve">8. della <lb/>Medi-<lb/>cina.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s857" xml:space="preserve">Non biſogna ch’ egli ignori nep-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0076-04a" xlink:href="note-0076-04"/> pure la Giuriſprudenza, e i co-<lb/>ſtumi de’ luoghi per la creazione <lb/>dei muri diviſorj, per le vedute <lb/>e per gli ſcolatoj delle acque.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s858" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div83" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0076-04" xlink:href="note-0076-04a" xml:space="preserve">9. della <lb/>Giuriſ-<lb/>pru-<lb/>denza</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s859" xml:space="preserve">Egli ſaper deve l’ Aſtronomia, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0076-05a" xlink:href="note-0076-05"/> acciocchè poſſa formare ogni ſorta <lb/>d’ orologj a ſole.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s860" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div84" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0076-05" xlink:href="note-0076-05a" xml:space="preserve">10. dell’ <lb/>Aſtro-<lb/>nomia.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s861" xml:space="preserve">Era d’uopo parimente appreſſo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0076-06a" xlink:href="note-0076-06"/> gli Antichi, che un Architetto <pb o="31" file="0077" n="77" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> aveſſe la cognizione della Muſi-<lb/>ca, per ſaper condurre le Cata-<lb/>pulte, el’ altre Macchine di Guer-<lb/>ra, che ſi tendevano con delle <lb/>corde <anchor type="note" xlink:href="" symbol="*"/> di Minugia, di cui do- vevano oſſervar i tuoni per giu-<lb/>dicar della forza e della robuſtez-<lb/>za degli Alberi, fatti a maniera <lb/>d’archi, che tali corde avean te-<lb/>ſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s862" xml:space="preserve">La Muſica era neceſſaria an-<lb/>cora agli Architetti antichi per <lb/>ſaper accordare i vaſi di rame, <lb/>che ſoleano mettere ne’ Teatri, <lb/>come ſi è detto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s863" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div85" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0076-06" xlink:href="note-0076-06a" xml:space="preserve">11. del-<lb/>la Mu-<lb/>fica.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div87" type="section" level="1" n="50"> <head xml:id="echoid-head125" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head126" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Quali ſieno le parti dell’ Ar-<lb/>chitettura.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s864" xml:space="preserve">TRE ſonole coſe, che in ogni <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0077-01a" xlink:href="note-0077-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0077-02a" xlink:href="note-0077-02"/> Fabbrica debbono ritrovarſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0077-03a" xlink:href="note-0077-03"/> <pb o="32" file="0078" n="78" rhead="ARCHITTETURA"/> ſempre unite inſieme; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s865" xml:space="preserve">e ſono la <lb/>Sodezza, la Comodità, e la Bel-<lb/>lezza, le quali provengono dalla <lb/>Ordinanza e dalla Diſpoſizione di <lb/>tutte le parti concorrenti a com-<lb/>porre qualunque Edificio, e che <lb/>ſono regolate per via di una giu-<lb/>ſta Proporzione in riguardo al-<lb/>la Decenza ed alla Economia. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s866" xml:space="preserve">Quindi riſulta, eſſer otto le par-<lb/>ti dell’ Architettura, cioè la So-<lb/>dezza, la Comodità, la Bellezza, <lb/>l’ Ordinanza, la Diſpoſizione, la <lb/>Proporzione, la Decenza e l’ Eco-<lb/>nomia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s867" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div87" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0077-01" xlink:href="note-0077-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0077-02" xlink:href="note-0077-02a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ar-<lb/>chitet-<lb/>tura <lb/>ha ot-<lb/>to par-<lb/>ti, <lb/>cioè</note> <note symbol="*" position="foot" xlink:label="note-0077-03" xlink:href="note-0077-03a" xml:space="preserve">Le corde di Minugia ſono quel-<lb/>le di cui ſi ſervimo per gli ſtrumen-<lb/>ti da ſuono, come il violino, liuto <lb/>ec. le quali con budelli ſi fanno e più <lb/>ſottili e più groſſe come ſi vuole.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s868" xml:space="preserve">La Sodezza dipende dalla bon-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0078-01a" xlink:href="note-0078-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0078-02a" xlink:href="note-0078-02"/> tà delle Fondamenta, dalla ſcelta <lb/>de’ Materiali, e dar loro impiego, <lb/>che dee farſi con un’ Ordinanza, <lb/>con una Diſpoſizione e con una <lb/>Proporzione conveniente di tutte <lb/>le parti, coſicchè abbiano corela-<lb/>zione l’ una coll’ altre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s869" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div88" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0078-01" xlink:href="note-0078-01a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>Sodez-<lb/>za.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0078-02" xlink:href="note-0078-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s870" xml:space="preserve">La Comodità conſiſte ancor eſſa <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0078-03a" xlink:href="note-0078-03"/> nell’ Ordinanza e nella Diſpoſizio-<lb/>ne, la quale deve eſſer fatta e tal- <pb o="33" file="0079" n="79" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> mente a propoſito, che niuna coſa <lb/>l’ uſo impediſca delle parti dell’ <lb/>Edifizio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s871" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div89" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0078-03" xlink:href="note-0078-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Como <lb/>dità.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s872" xml:space="preserve">La bellezza richiede, che la for-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0079-01a" xlink:href="note-0079-01"/> ma della Fabbrica ſia elegante e gra-<lb/>zioſa mediante la giuſta proporzione <lb/>di tutte le parti della medeſima.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s873" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div90" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0079-01" xlink:href="note-0079-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. La <lb/>Bellez-<lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s874" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordinanza è ciò che fa, che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0079-02a" xlink:href="note-0079-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0079-03a" xlink:href="note-0079-03"/> tutte le parti d’ un Edifizio abbiano <lb/>una conveniente grandezza, o eſſe ſi <lb/>conſiderino ſeparatamente, o pure <lb/>ſi riguardi la proporzione di tutto <lb/>il compleſſo dell’ opera.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s875" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div91" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0079-02" xlink:href="note-0079-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0079-03" xlink:href="note-0079-03a" xml:space="preserve">4 L’ or <lb/>dinan-<lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s876" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſizione è la collocazione <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0079-04a" xlink:href="note-0079-04"/> fatta a propoſito, eil grazioſo con-<lb/>giungimento di tutte le parti, che <lb/>compongono l’ opera, ſecondo la <lb/>qualità di ciaſcuna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s877" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è che <lb/>nella ſteſſa guiſa che l’ Ordinanza ri-<lb/>guarda la grandezza, così la Diſpo-<lb/>ſizione è fatta per la figura e per la <lb/>ſituazione, che ſono due coſe com-<lb/>preſe ſotto la voce di Qualità, da <lb/>Vitruvio attribuita alla Diſpoſizio-<lb/>ne, e da lui oppoſta alla Quantità, <lb/>che appartiene all’ Ordinanza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s878" xml:space="preserve">Vi <pb o="34" file="0080" n="80" rhead="ARCHITTETURA"/> ſono tre maniere, per le quali può l’ <lb/>Architetto far vedere qual ſarà l’ ef-<lb/>fetto della Diſpoſizione della Fab-<lb/>brica ch’ ei vuole coſtruire, cioè l’ Ic-<lb/>nografia ch’ è il Piano geometrale, <lb/>l’ Ortografia ch’ è la elevazione geo-<lb/>metrica, e Scenografia ch’ è l’ eleva-<lb/>zione proſpettiva.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s879" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div92" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0079-04" xlink:href="note-0079-04a" xml:space="preserve">5 La <lb/>diſpoſi <lb/>zione.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s880" xml:space="preserve">La Proporzione, che appellaſi an-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0080-01a" xlink:href="note-0080-01"/> cora Euritmia, è ciò che forma que-<lb/>ſto congiungimento di tutte le parti <lb/>dell’ opera, e che ne rende l’ aſpetto <lb/>grazioſo, allorchè l’ altezza corriſ-<lb/>ponde alla larghezza, e la larghezza <lb/>alla lunghezza, avendo il tutto la <lb/>giuſta ſua miſura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s881" xml:space="preserve">Ella vien definita, <lb/>la relazione che ha tutta l’opera colle <lb/>ſue parti, e quella che queſte hanno <lb/>ſeparatamente coll’idea del tutto, ſe-<lb/>condo la miſura d’una certa parte: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s882" xml:space="preserve">imperciocchè ſiccome nel corpo u-<lb/>mano vi è una relazione tra il piede, <lb/>la mano, il dito, e le altre parti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s883" xml:space="preserve">co-<lb/>sì nelle opere perfette un membro <lb/>particolare fa giudicare della gran-<lb/>dezza di tutta l’opera. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s884" xml:space="preserve">Per modo <pb o="35" file="0081" n="81" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> d’ eſempio il Diametro d’una Colon-<lb/>na, o la lunghezza d’un Triglifo, <lb/>fa giudicare della grandezza d’ un <lb/>Tempio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s885" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div93" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0080-01" xlink:href="note-0080-01a" xml:space="preserve">7. La <lb/>Propor-<lb/>zione.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s886" xml:space="preserve">Sopra di ciò convien notare, che <lb/>per eſprimer queſta relazione, che <lb/>più coſe hanno l’une all’ altre per <lb/>la grandezza, o pel numero diffe-<lb/>rente delle loro parti, Vitruvio ſi <lb/>ſerve indifferentemente di tre vo-<lb/>caboli, che ſono Proporzione, Eu-<lb/>ritmia e Simmetria. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s887" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſi è giu-<lb/>dicato eſſer meglio di tutto uſare <lb/>quello di Proporzione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s888" xml:space="preserve">perchè Eu-<lb/>ritmia è una voce greca ſtraordina-<lb/>ria, che null’ altro ſignifica, ſe non <lb/>Proporzione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s889" xml:space="preserve">e Simmetria, ben-<lb/>chè voce comune aſſai e uſitata, <lb/>non ſignifica però in Franceſe ciò, <lb/>che Vitruvio intende per Propor-<lb/>zione: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s890" xml:space="preserve">perciocchè ſotto queſta vo-<lb/>ce Proporzione egl’ intende una re-<lb/>lazione di ragione: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s891" xml:space="preserve">e Simmetria <lb/>in Franceſe vuol dire ſoltanto una <lb/>relazione di parità e d’ uguaglian-<lb/>za. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s892" xml:space="preserve">Poichè il vocabolo Simme- <pb o="36" file="0082" n="82" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> tria tanto in Greco, quanto in La-<lb/>tino ſignifica la relazione, per <lb/>modo di eſempio, che le fineſtre <lb/>di otto piedi di altezza hanno con <lb/>altre fineſtre di piedi ſei, quando <lb/>le prime hanno quattro piedi di <lb/>larghezza, e tre le altre: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s893" xml:space="preserve">e Sim-<lb/>metria in Franceſe è la relazione, <lb/>per cagion d’ eſempio, che le fine-<lb/>ſtre hanno l’ une all’ altre, quando <lb/>eſſe ſono tutte d’ altezza e di larghez-<lb/>za uguale, e che il lor nnmero e <lb/>i loro ſpazj ſono uguali a dritta e <lb/>a ſiniſtra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s894" xml:space="preserve">per maniera che, ſe gli <lb/>ſpazj ſon diſuguali da una parte, <lb/>pari diſuguaglianza ſi ritrovi dal-<lb/>l’ altra parte ancora.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s895" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s896" xml:space="preserve">La Decenza fa, che l’ aſpetto <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0082-01a" xlink:href="note-0082-01"/> della Fabbrica ſia talmente corret-<lb/>to, che non v’ abbia coſa la qua-<lb/>le non ſia approvata, e fondata <lb/>ſu qualche autorità. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s897" xml:space="preserve">Ora la Decen-<lb/>za richiede, che s’ abbia riguardo <lb/>a tre coſe, le quali ſono lo Stato, <lb/>il Coſtume, e la Natura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s898" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div94" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0082-01" xlink:href="note-0082-01a" xml:space="preserve">7 La <lb/>Decen-<lb/>za, la <lb/>qual ri-<lb/>cerca, <lb/>che ab-<lb/>biaſi <lb/>riguar-<lb/>do a tre <lb/>coſe, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s899" xml:space="preserve">Il riguardo, che ſi ha allo Sta-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0082-02a" xlink:href="note-0082-02"/> <pb o="37" file="0083" n="83" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> to, fa che ſi ſcelga, per cagion d’ <lb/>eſempio, altra Diſpoſizione, e ſi <lb/>uſino altre Proporzioni per un Pa-<lb/>lazzo, ed altre per una Chieſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s900" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div95" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0082-02" xlink:href="note-0082-02a" xml:space="preserve">1 Allo <lb/>Stato.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s901" xml:space="preserve">Il riguardo, che ſi ha al Coſtu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0083-01a" xlink:href="note-0083-01"/> me, fa per modo d’ eſempio, che <lb/>ſi adornino gl’ Ingreſſi ed i Veſti-<lb/>boli, quando le parti di dentro <lb/>ſono ricche e magnifiche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s902" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div96" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0083-01" xlink:href="note-0083-01a" xml:space="preserve">2 Al <lb/>Coſtu-<lb/>me.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s903" xml:space="preserve">Il riguardo, che ſi ha alla Natu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0083-02a" xlink:href="note-0083-02"/> ra de’ luoghi, fa che ſcelganſi di-<lb/>verſi aſpetti per le differenti parti <lb/>degli Edifizj, a fin di renderli più <lb/>ſani e più comodi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s904" xml:space="preserve">Per modo d’ <lb/>eſempio le camere ſi eſpongono a <lb/>Ponente, e le Biblioteche a Le-<lb/>vante; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s905" xml:space="preserve">gli Appartamenti d’ Inver-<lb/>no all’ Occaſo iberno, e le Galle-<lb/>rie di Quadri, e di altre curioſi-<lb/>tà, che vogliono un lume ſempre <lb/>uguale, a Settentrione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s906" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div97" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0083-02" xlink:href="note-0083-02a" xml:space="preserve">3 Alia <lb/>Natura <lb/>dei <lb/>luoghi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s907" xml:space="preserve">L’ Economia fa, che l’ Architer-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0083-03a" xlink:href="note-0083-03"/> to avendo riguardo alla ſpeſa che <lb/>vuol farſi, ed alle qualità de’ ma-<lb/>teriali che trovanſi nel luogo, dov’ <lb/>egli dee far l’ Edifizio, prenda le <pb o="38" file="0084" n="84" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ſue miſure, per regolare la ſua <lb/>Ordinanza e la ſua Diſpoſizione, <lb/>cioè a dire per dare alla ſua Fab-<lb/>brica uua grandezza, ed una for-<lb/>ma conveniente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s908" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div98" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0083-03" xlink:href="note-0083-03a" xml:space="preserve">8 L’ E-<lb/>cono-<lb/>mia.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s909" xml:space="preserve">Queſte otto parti ſi riferiſcono, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0084-01a" xlink:href="note-0084-01"/> come ſi è detto, alle tre prime, <lb/>cioè alla Sodezza, alla Comodità <lb/>ed alla Bellezza, le quali ſuppon-<lb/>gono l’ Ordinanza, la Proporzio-<lb/>ne, la Decenza, e l’ Economia. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s910" xml:space="preserve">E queſto ſi è il motivo, per cui <lb/>queſta prima Parte ſi divide ſola-<lb/>mente in tre Capi, che ſono del-<lb/>la Sodezza, della Comodità e del-<lb/>la Bellezza delle Fabbriche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s911" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div99" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0084-01" xlink:href="note-0084-01a" xml:space="preserve">8 L’ E-<lb/>cono-<lb/>mia.</note> </div> <pb o="39" file="0085" n="85" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div101" type="section" level="1" n="51"> <head xml:id="echoid-head127" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO II.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head128" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Sodezza delle Fabbriche.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head129" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head130" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della ſcelta de’ Materiali.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s912" xml:space="preserve">IMateriali di cui parla Vitru-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0085-01a" xlink:href="note-0085-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0085-02a" xlink:href="note-0085-02"/> vio, ſono la Pietra, i Mat-<lb/>toni, il Legname, la Calcina ed <lb/>il Sabbione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s913" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div101" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0085-01" xlink:href="note-0085-01a" xml:space="preserve">Vitru-<lb/>vio par-<lb/>la di <lb/>cinque <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>di ma-<lb/>teriali, <lb/>cioè <lb/>I delle <lb/>Pierre</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0085-02" xlink:href="note-0085-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 1.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s914" xml:space="preserve">Tutte le Pietre non ſono già d’ <lb/>una ſorta: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s915" xml:space="preserve">ve ne ha di tenere, di <lb/>mediocremente dure, e di duriſ-<lb/>ſime.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s916" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s917" xml:space="preserve">Quelle che non ſon dure, ſi taglia-<lb/>no facilmente, e ſon buone per impie-<lb/>gare nelle parti di dentro ed al coper-<lb/>to; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s918" xml:space="preserve">ma i geli e le pioggie le fanno an-<lb/>dare in polvere; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s919" xml:space="preserve">e ſe ſi mettono in <lb/>opera vicino al mare, le rode il <lb/>ſalſo, e il gran caldo le guaſta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s920" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s921" xml:space="preserve">Quelle che ſono di mediocre du-<lb/>rezza, reſiſtono al carico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s922" xml:space="preserve">ma ſe <pb o="40" file="0086" n="86" rhead="ARCHITTETURA"/> ne trovano di quelle, che con <lb/>facilità ſi ſcheggiano al fuoco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s923" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s924" xml:space="preserve">Havvi ancora un’ altra ſorta di <lb/>Pietra, ch’è una ſpezie di Tufo: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s925" xml:space="preserve">di tali pietre altre ſon roſſe, altre <lb/>nere, ed altre bianche, e che ſi <lb/>tagliano colla ſega, appunto come <lb/>il legno.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s926" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s927" xml:space="preserve">I migliori Mattoni ſon quelli, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0086-01a" xlink:href="note-0086-01"/> ch’ eſſendo ſoltanto ben ſeccati, non <lb/>ſono cucinati al fuoco: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s928" xml:space="preserve">ma vi ſi <lb/>vogliono molti anni per ſeccarli <lb/>bene. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s929" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0086-02a" xlink:href="note-0086-02"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div102" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0086-01" xlink:href="note-0086-01a" xml:space="preserve">8. De’ <lb/>Matto-<lb/>ni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0086-02" xlink:href="note-0086-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s930" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è ch’ aveavi una legge <lb/>in Utica, Città d’ Africa, la quale <lb/>proibiva il mettere in opera Mat-<lb/>toni, che non foſſero ſtati formati <lb/>cinque anni prima: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s931" xml:space="preserve">poichè in tali <lb/>ſorte di Mattoni l’ aridezza chiudea <lb/>per maniera i pori della Terra al <lb/>di fuori, che nuotavano ſopra l’ a-<lb/>cque come una pietra pomice, ed <lb/>aveano una leggerezza, ch’ era d’ <lb/>una gran utilità nelle Fabbriche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s932" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s933" xml:space="preserve">La terra di cui formanſi i Mat-<lb/>toni, era molto graſſa ed era or- <pb o="41" file="0087" n="87" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> dinariamente una ſpezie di Creta <lb/>bianca: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s934" xml:space="preserve">doveva ella eſſere ſenza <lb/>ghiara, e parimente ſenza ſabbio-<lb/>ne, affinchè i Mattoni ne riuſciſ-<lb/>ſero più leggeri, e men facili a <lb/>ſtemperarſi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s935" xml:space="preserve">frammiſchiavaſi anche <lb/>della paglia per meglio legarne in-<lb/>ſieme le parti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s936" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s937" xml:space="preserve">Il Legname, del quale ſi fa uſo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0087-01a" xlink:href="note-0087-01"/> nelle Fabbriche, com’ è la Quercia, <lb/>il Faggio, il Pioppo, l’ Olmo, il <lb/>Cipreſſo, l’ Abete, non è tutto u-<lb/>gualmente a propoſito, nè l’ una <lb/>ſpezie e così propria come lo è <lb/>l’ altra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s938" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div103" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0087-01" xlink:href="note-0087-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. del <lb/>Legna-<lb/>me, di <lb/>cui ſe <lb/>ne uſa <lb/>molte <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>come <lb/>fono</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s939" xml:space="preserve">L’ Abete, perchè contiene mol-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0087-02a" xlink:href="note-0087-02"/> to d’ aria e di fuoco, e poco di <lb/>terra e d’ acqua, è leggero, e non <lb/>piegaſi così facilmente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s940" xml:space="preserve">ma egli è <lb/>ſottopoſto a’ tarli e a prender fuo-<lb/>co.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s941" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div104" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0087-02" xlink:href="note-0087-02a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Abe-<lb/>te.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s942" xml:space="preserve">La Quercia, ch’ è più terreſtre, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0087-03a" xlink:href="note-0087-03"/> dura eternamente nella terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s943" xml:space="preserve">fuor <lb/>della terra ſi guaſta e ſi fende.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s944" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div105" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0087-03" xlink:href="note-0087-03a" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>Qner-<lb/>cia.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s945" xml:space="preserve">Il Faggio, che ha poco di ter-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0087-04a" xlink:href="note-0087-04"/> reſtre, d’ umido, e di fuoco, ma <pb o="42" file="0088" n="88" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> molto d’ aria, è poco ſodo, e fa <lb/>cilmente ſi rompe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s946" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div106" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0087-04" xlink:href="note-0087-04a" xml:space="preserve">Il Fag-<lb/>gio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s947" xml:space="preserve">Il Pioppo, il Tiglio e il Salice <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0088-01a" xlink:href="note-0088-01"/> non ſon buoni, che per quelle ope-<lb/>re in cui ricercaſi la leggerezza, e <lb/>la facilità ad eſſer tagliato: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s948" xml:space="preserve">ciò <lb/>che gli rende proprj per la ſcultura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s949" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div107" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-01" xlink:href="note-0088-01a" xml:space="preserve">Il Piop-<lb/>po, il <lb/>Tiglio, <lb/>il Sali. <lb/>ce.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s950" xml:space="preserve">L’ Alno è buono aſſai per far <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0088-02a" xlink:href="note-0088-02"/> delle palificate ne’ luoghi paludoſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s951" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div108" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-02" xlink:href="note-0088-02a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Alno.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s952" xml:space="preserve">L’ Olmo, ed il Fraſſino hanno <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0088-03a" xlink:href="note-0088-03"/> queſta proprietà, che facilmente <lb/>non ſi ſcheggiano, e ſono alquanto <lb/>fleſſibili.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s953" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div109" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-03" xlink:href="note-0088-03a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ol-<lb/>mo, e il <lb/>Fraſſi-<lb/>no.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s954" xml:space="preserve">Il Carpino è pieghevole e fer-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0088-04a" xlink:href="note-0088-04"/> mo inſieme: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s955" xml:space="preserve">quindi è, che gli <lb/>Antichi di queſto legno formavano <lb/>i gioghi degli Animali.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s956" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div110" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-04" xlink:href="note-0088-04a" xml:space="preserve">Il Car-<lb/>pino.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s957" xml:space="preserve">Il Pino e il Cipreſſo hanno que-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0088-05a" xlink:href="note-0088-05"/> ſto difetto, che ſi piegano facil-<lb/>mente, e ſi curvano ſotto il peſo, <lb/>per cagione della loro umidità gran-<lb/>de; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s958" xml:space="preserve">ma dall’ altra parte hanno queſto <lb/>vantaggio, che la loro umidità non <lb/>è ſoggetta a generar tarli, per mo-<lb/>tivo della loro amarezza che gli <lb/>fa morire.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s959" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div111" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0088-05" xlink:href="note-0088-05a" xml:space="preserve">Il Pino, <lb/>e il Ci-<lb/>preſſo.</note> </div> <pb o="43" file="0089" n="89" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s960" xml:space="preserve">Il Ginepro, e il Cedro hanno <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0089-01a" xlink:href="note-0089-01"/> la virtù medeſima di preſervarſi <lb/>dalla corruzione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s961" xml:space="preserve">il Ginepro per <lb/>la ſua gomma, ch’ è la Sandarac-<lb/>ca; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s962" xml:space="preserve">e il Cedro per lo ſuo olio, <lb/>che chiamaſi Cedrium da’ Latini.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s963" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div112" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0089-01" xlink:href="note-0089-01a" xml:space="preserve">Il Gi-<lb/>mepro, <lb/>e il Ce <lb/>dro.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s964" xml:space="preserve">Il Larice poſſiede anch’ egli que-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0089-02a" xlink:href="note-0089-02"/> ſta ſteſſa virtù; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s965" xml:space="preserve">ma la ſua partico-<lb/>lar proprietà ſi è, ch’ ei non s’ ab-<lb/>brucia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s966" xml:space="preserve">La Storia riferiſce una coſa <lb/>memorabile di queſto legno; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s967" xml:space="preserve">ed è, <lb/>che Ceſare avendo aſſediato un <lb/>Caſtello a piè dell’ Alpi, dove una <lb/>Torre vi avea, fabbricata di que-<lb/>ſto legno, la quale facea la di lui <lb/>principal diffeſa, credette d’ impa-<lb/>dronirſene aſſai facilmente facen-<lb/>do un gran fuoco a piè della Tor-<lb/>re; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s968" xml:space="preserve">ma dopo che tutto il legname <lb/>che a queſto fine fu acceſo, re-<lb/>ſtò conſunto, rimaſe la Torre ſen-<lb/>za punto eſſere ſtata daneggiata <lb/>dal fuoco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s969" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div113" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0089-02" xlink:href="note-0089-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il La-<lb/>rice,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s970" xml:space="preserve">L’ Olivo ancora è di grande ſer-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0089-03a" xlink:href="note-0089-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0089-04a" xlink:href="note-0089-04"/> vizio per eſſer poſto nelle fonda-<lb/>menta e nelle mura delle Città;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s971" xml:space="preserve"> <pb o="44" file="0090" n="90" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> poichè allora quando dopo d’ eſſer <lb/>un poco abbruciato, s’ intreccia tra <lb/>mezzo le pietre, per farlo ſervire <lb/>di chiavi, dura eternamente, e <lb/>non corre punto pericolo di cor-<lb/>romperſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s972" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div114" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0089-03" xlink:href="note-0089-03a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Oli-<lb/>vo,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0089-04" xlink:href="note-0089-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 1.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s973" xml:space="preserve">La Calcina ſi fa con delle pie-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0090-01a" xlink:href="note-0090-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0090-02a" xlink:href="note-0090-02"/> tre bianche, ovvero con delle ſel-<lb/>ci; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s974" xml:space="preserve">ma eſſa è migliore per la mu-<lb/>ratura, quanto più le pietre ſon <lb/>dure. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s975" xml:space="preserve">Quella, ch’ è di pietre ſpu-<lb/>gnoſe, è più a propoſito per le <lb/>incamiciature.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s976" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div115" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0090-01" xlink:href="note-0090-01a" xml:space="preserve">4 Del-<lb/>la Cal. <lb/>cina.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0090-02" xlink:href="note-0090-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib, 2. <lb/>c. 5.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s977" xml:space="preserve">V’ ha cinque ſpezie di Sabbio-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0090-03a" xlink:href="note-0090-03"/> ne, e ſono il ſabbione di Cava, <lb/>il ſabbione di Fiume, la Ghiara, <lb/>il Sabbione del mare, e la Poz-<lb/>zolana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s978" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div116" type="float" level="2" n="16"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0090-03" xlink:href="note-0090-03a" xml:space="preserve">5 Del <lb/>Sabbio-<lb/>ne, di <lb/>cui ve-<lb/>ne ha <lb/>cinque <lb/>ſpecie.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s979" xml:space="preserve">Il miglior Sabbione è quello, il <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0090-04a" xlink:href="note-0090-04"/> quale ſtrofinato tra le mani, fa <lb/>dello ſtrepito; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s980" xml:space="preserve">ciocchè non avvie-<lb/>ne in quello ch’ è terroſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s981" xml:space="preserve">poi-<lb/>chè non ha punto d’ aſprezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s982" xml:space="preserve">Un <lb/>altro contraſſegno della bontà del <lb/>Sabbione, è quando eſſendo meſſo <lb/>ſopra un drappo bianco, non vi <pb o="45" file="0091" n="91" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> laſcia alcun ſegno dopo d’ eſſere <lb/>ſtato ſcoſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s983" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div117" type="float" level="2" n="17"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0090-04" xlink:href="note-0090-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3 <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s984" xml:space="preserve">Il Sabbione, che ſi ſcava nella <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0091-01a" xlink:href="note-0091-01"/> terra, e chiamaſi Sabbione di Ca-<lb/>va, ha le accennate proprietà, ed <lb/>è ſtimato il migliore di tutti gli <lb/>altri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s985" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio ne aſſegna quattro <lb/>ſpezie, cioè il bianco, il nero, <lb/>il roſſo, e il carboncino.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s986" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div118" type="float" level="2" n="18"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0091-01" xlink:href="note-0091-01a" xml:space="preserve">1 Di <lb/>ava.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s987" xml:space="preserve">Se non vi ſia luogo alcuno, da <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0091-02a" xlink:href="note-0091-02"/> cui poſſa trarſi buon Sabbione di <lb/>Cava, ſi potrà uſar Sabbione ma-<lb/>rino, ovver di Fiume, ch’ è an-<lb/>che migliore per l’ incamiciature <lb/>di quello di Cava, il quale è ec-<lb/>cellente per la muratura a moti-<lb/>vo che prontamente ſi ſecca.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s988" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div119" type="float" level="2" n="19"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0091-02" xlink:href="note-0091-02a" xml:space="preserve">2 Di <lb/>Fiume.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s989" xml:space="preserve">Il Sabbione che ſi prende dalla <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0091-03a" xlink:href="note-0091-03"/> Ghiara, è anch’ eſſo molto buono, <lb/>purchè ſi getti via quello al diſ-<lb/>ſopra ch’ è troppo groſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s990" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div120" type="float" level="2" n="20"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0091-03" xlink:href="note-0091-03a" xml:space="preserve">3 Di <lb/>Ghiara.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s991" xml:space="preserve">Il Sabbione del mare è il men <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0091-04a" xlink:href="note-0091-04"/> buono; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s992" xml:space="preserve">perchè vuole gran tempo <lb/>a ſeccarſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s993" xml:space="preserve">Per queſta ragione è co-<lb/>ſa neceſſaria il far la muratura, <pb o="46" file="0092" n="92" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> dove convenga uſarſi queſta ſorte <lb/>di Sabbione, in più volte, e in <lb/>tempi diverſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s994" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div121" type="float" level="2" n="21"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0091-04" xlink:href="note-0091-04a" xml:space="preserve">4 Di <lb/>Mare.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s995" xml:space="preserve">Il Sabbione, che ſi trova ap-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0092-01a" xlink:href="note-0092-01"/> preſſo Napoli, chiamato Pozzola-<lb/>na, è così a propoſito per far buo-<lb/>na malta, quando venga meſcola-<lb/>to con la calcina, che non ſola-<lb/>mente nelle Fabbriche ordinarie, <lb/>ma eziandio nel fondo del mare <lb/>queſta ſorta di malta fa corpo e <lb/>s’ indura a maraviglia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s996" xml:space="preserve">Se ne ſer-<lb/>vivano gli Antichi per coſtruire i <lb/>Moli e gli Sporti nel mare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s997" xml:space="preserve">Im-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0092-02a" xlink:href="note-0092-02"/> perciocchè dopo aver fatto con pa-<lb/>li e con tavole delle Barricate, git-<lb/>tavan dentro nel ricinto delle det-<lb/>te Barricate queſta malta ſenza le-<lb/>varne l’ acqua, perchè la malta e <lb/>le pietre che gettavanſi inſieme la <lb/>facevano uſcire, e così ſeccavaſi <lb/>la malta in mezzo all’ acque.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s998" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div122" type="float" level="2" n="22"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0092-01" xlink:href="note-0092-01a" xml:space="preserve">5 Della <lb/>Pozzo-<lb/>lana.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0092-02" xlink:href="note-0092-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5 <lb/>c. 12.</note> </div> <pb o="47" file="0093" n="93" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div124" type="section" level="1" n="52"> <head xml:id="echoid-head131" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secon@o</emph>,</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head132" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ uſo de’ Materiali.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s999" xml:space="preserve">LA prima coſa, cui biſogna met-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0093-01a" xlink:href="note-0093-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0093-02a" xlink:href="note-0093-02"/> ter cura nel porre in opera <lb/>le pietre nelle Fabbriche, ſi è di <lb/>cavarle dalla petriera due anni a-<lb/>vanti d’ impiegarle nel lavoro, e di <lb/>tenerle eſpoſte in luogo ſcoperto, <lb/>affinchè quelle, le quali in queſto <lb/>mezzo rimarranno danneggiate dal-<lb/>le ingiurie dell’ aria, ſieno poſte <lb/>nelle fondamenta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1000" xml:space="preserve">e l’ altte, che do-<lb/>po d’ eſſere ſtate provate dalla ſteſ-<lb/>ſa natura, ſaranno ritrovate buo-<lb/>ne, ſieno per la muratura ſopra <lb/>terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1001" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div124" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0093-01" xlink:href="note-0093-01a" xml:space="preserve">1 L’ uſo <lb/>delle <lb/>Pietre.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0093-02" xlink:href="note-0093-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. <lb/>c. 7.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1002" xml:space="preserve">Convien ancora uſare molta cau-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0093-03a" xlink:href="note-0093-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0093-04a" xlink:href="note-0093-04"/> tela per porre il legname in iſta-<lb/>to di ſervire alle Fabbriche. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1003" xml:space="preserve">Im-<lb/>perciocchè biſogna, che queſto ſia <lb/>ſtato tagliato in un tempo conve-<lb/>niente, ch’ è quello appunto, in <lb/>cui l’ umore che conſervava la for- <pb o="48" file="0094" n="94" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> za degli Alberi, è il meglio condi-<lb/>zionato: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1004" xml:space="preserve">ciocchè avviene durante <lb/>l’ Autunno e il Verno, nel qual <lb/>tempo non è il legname ripieno <lb/>d’ umidità troppo abbondante, che <lb/>lo indeboliſce col dilatar le ſue fi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0094-01a" xlink:href="note-0094-01"/> bre; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1005" xml:space="preserve">ma è caſtigato dal freddo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1006" xml:space="preserve">Ciò <lb/>tanto è vero, che il legname degl’ Al-<lb/>beri, i quali creſcono e divengo-<lb/>no aſſai grandi in breve tempo a <lb/>motivo dell’ abbondanza della loro <lb/>umidità, è tenero, facile a rom-<lb/>perſi, e poco atto ad eſſer meſſo in <lb/>lavoro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1007" xml:space="preserve">ſiccome l’ eſperienza fa ve-<lb/>dere negli Abeti chiamati Superna-<lb/>ti, i quali creſcono nell’ Italia di <lb/>qua dall’ Appenino verſo il Mare <lb/>Adriatico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1008" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè ſon eſſi <lb/>grandi e belli, ma il loro legno <lb/>nulla punto vale per uſo di fab-<lb/>bricare: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1009" xml:space="preserve">laddove quelli che ſono <lb/>dall’ altra parte della montagna, <lb/>eſpoſti al caldo e al ſecco nomina-<lb/>ti Infernati, ſono molto migliori <lb/>nel lavoro.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1010" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div125" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0093-03" xlink:href="note-0093-03a" xml:space="preserve">2 L’ uſo <lb/>del Le-<lb/>gname.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0093-04" xlink:href="note-0093-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>c. 7.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0094-01" xlink:href="note-0094-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>c. 10.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1011" xml:space="preserve">Queſta ſoverchia umidità è tal- <pb o="49" file="0095" n="95" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> mente contraria agli Alberi, che <lb/>tal volra ſi è in neceſſità di forar-<lb/>li nel piede per laſciarla ſcolare: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1012" xml:space="preserve">e queſto è il motivo, per cui ſi è <lb/>introdotta la pratica che deveſi <lb/>oſſervare per fare il taglio del le-<lb/>gname da ſervirſene nelle Fabbri-<lb/>che; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1013" xml:space="preserve">cioè, di fare alcuni tagli nel pie-<lb/>de dell’albero attorno attorno, ta-<lb/>gliando non ſolamente la corteccia, <lb/>ma ancora una parte del vivo delle-<lb/>gno, e di laſciarlo così qualche <lb/>tempo prima di gettarlo a terra, af-<lb/>finchè queſta umidità diſcenda, e <lb/>ſi vada a tempo ſcolando.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1014" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1015" xml:space="preserve">Egli è ancora facile il giudica-<lb/>re quanto ſia importante l’evacua-<lb/>zione diqueſta umidità ſoverchia <lb/>per fortificare il legname, e per <lb/>guardarlo dalla corruzione, ſe ſi <lb/>conſidera, che i pali ſoliti a porſi <lb/>tramezzo le pietre nelle mura del-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0095-01a" xlink:href="note-0095-01"/> le fortificazioni delle Città perchè <lb/>ſervano di chiavi, quando ſieno <lb/>ſtati un poco bruciati eſterior- <pb o="50" file="0096" n="96" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> mente, durano perpetuamente ſen-<lb/>za corromperſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1016" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div126" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0095-01" xlink:href="note-0095-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 5.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1017" xml:space="preserve">I Mattoni non debbono eſſer <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0096-01a" xlink:href="note-0096-01"/> impiegati, ſe non in muri aſſai <lb/>groſſi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1018" xml:space="preserve">e queſta è la cagione, per la <lb/>quale nella Città di Roma non <lb/>fabbricavaſi con mattoni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1019" xml:space="preserve">perchè <lb/>a motivo di riſparmiar luogo, non <lb/>era permeſſo di farvi muri più lar-<lb/>ghi d’un piede e mezzo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1020" xml:space="preserve">ciocchè <lb/>non fa più di ſedici pollici e mez-<lb/>zo incirca del noſtro piede.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1021" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div127" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0096-01" xlink:href="note-0096-01a" xml:space="preserve">1 L’uſo <lb/>de’Mat-<lb/>toni.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1022" xml:space="preserve">Non facevaſi nè anche la parte <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0096-02a" xlink:href="note-0096-02"/> ſuperiore delle mura con mattoni; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1023" xml:space="preserve">poichè ſiccome queſti appreſſo gli <lb/>Antichi non erano cotti, così <lb/>quella parte di muraglia facilmente <lb/>ſarebbeſi guaſtata dall’ acqua del-<lb/>la pioggia, in caſo che qualche te-<lb/>gola del coperto ſi foſſe rotta o moſ-<lb/>ſa di luogo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1024" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è, che la <lb/>ſommità delle mura facevaſi di pez-<lb/>zi di tegole dell’altezza d’un piede <lb/>e mezzo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1025" xml:space="preserve">compreſavi una cornice, o <lb/>ſia un coperto fatto di queſta mate- <pb o="51" file="0097" n="97" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ria, per portar fuori le acque, e di-<lb/>fendere il rimanente del muro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1026" xml:space="preserve">Sce-<lb/>glievan ancora per la coſtruzione di <lb/>queſte tali cornici i migliori pezzi <lb/>di tegole, cioè quelli che eſſendo <lb/>ſtati fatti di tegole le quali aveano <lb/>lungo tempo ſervito ſopra i tetti, <lb/>davano a conoſcere d’eſſer ben cot-<lb/>te, e di eſſer fatte di buona materia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1027" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div128" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0096-02" xlink:href="note-0096-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 11.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1028" xml:space="preserve">La muratura di Mattone era ſti-<lb/>mata a tal ſegno dagli Antichi, che <lb/>le loro Fabbriche tanto pubbliche <lb/>quanto private, e i lor palazzi più <lb/>belli erano fatti di tal materia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1029" xml:space="preserve">Ma <lb/>ciò che principalmente rendea con-<lb/>ſiderabile una tal ſorta di fabbrica-<lb/>re, era la lunga durata: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1030" xml:space="preserve">impercioc-<lb/>chè quando i Periti erano chiamati <lb/>per eſtimare le Fabbriche, diffalca-<lb/>vano ſempre da ciò che giudicavaſi <lb/>aver coſtato il fabbricarle, l’ottante-<lb/>ſima parte per ciaſcun anno dacchè <lb/>era ſtato fatto il muro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1031" xml:space="preserve">poichè ſup-<lb/>ponevano, che i muri non poteſ-<lb/>ſero ordinariamente durare più d’ <lb/>ottant’anni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1032" xml:space="preserve">laddove le Fabbriche <pb o="52" file="0098" n="98" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> di Mattoni venivano ſempre ap-<lb/>prezzate quel tanto appunto che <lb/>aveano coſtato, come ſe aveſſero <lb/>dovuto durar eternamente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1033" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1034" xml:space="preserve">Per ben impiegare la Calcina e <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0098-01a" xlink:href="note-0098-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0098-02a" xlink:href="note-0098-02"/> ‘l Sabbione, e farne buona Malta, <lb/>convien primieramente, che la <lb/>Calcina ſia ſmorzata bene, e che <lb/>ſia ſtata lungo tempo in conſerva, <lb/>affinchè ſe vi ha un qualche pez-<lb/>zo men cotto degli altri uella for-<lb/>nace, poſſa anch’ eſſo, venendo <lb/>ſmorzato a bell’agio, ſtemperarſi <lb/>così facilmente, come quegli al-<lb/>tri che ſono ſtati cotti perfetta-<lb/>mente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1035" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è una coſa che <lb/>molto importa, maſſimamente <lb/>nelle incamiciature e ne’lavori di <lb/>ſtucco: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1036" xml:space="preserve">perchè quando vi reſtano <lb/>di queſti tali piccoli pezzi di Cal-<lb/>cina mezzo cotti, allorchè ven-<lb/>gono poi a ſmorzarſi, fanno ſchieg-<lb/>giare e rompere il lavoro.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1037" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div129" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0098-01" xlink:href="note-0098-01a" xml:space="preserve">4 L’uſo, <lb/>della <lb/>Calcina</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0098-02" xlink:href="note-0098-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7 <lb/>c 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1038" xml:space="preserve">Per conoſcere, ſe la Calcina ſia <lb/>ſmorzata bene, ella ſi taglia con <lb/>una ſcheggia di legno, o pure ſe le <pb o="53" file="0099" n="99" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> caccia dentro un coltello: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1039" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>ſe s’incontrano con quella ſcheg-<lb/>gia di legno piccoli ſaſſetti, o che <lb/>il coltello ne ſia cavato fuori net-<lb/>to, ſegno è che la Calcina non è <lb/>ben condizionata; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1040" xml:space="preserve">perchè quando <lb/>ella foſſe tale, ſarebbe anche graſ-<lb/>ſa, e al coltello ſi attaccherebbe. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1041" xml:space="preserve">Convien oſſervare ancora, che per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0099-01a" xlink:href="note-0099-01"/> contrario la Malta non è ben pre-<lb/>parata, e che non è ſtata me-<lb/>ſciata quanto baſta, quando ella <lb/>s’ attacca alla cazzuola.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1042" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div130" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0099-01" xlink:href="note-0099-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1043" xml:space="preserve">Per impiegar poi bene il Sab-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0099-02a" xlink:href="note-0099-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0099-03a" xlink:href="note-0099-03"/> bione, biſogna conſiderar ciò che <lb/>ſi vuol fare: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1044" xml:space="preserve">poichè ſe la Malta <lb/>dee ſervire all’incamiciature, non <lb/>ſi deve adoperar il Sabbione imme-<lb/>diatemente dopo ch’ eſſo è ſtato <lb/>ſcavato; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1045" xml:space="preserve">perchè fa ſeccare la Mal-<lb/>ta troppo preſto, e queſta fa poi <lb/>crepolare le intonaccature: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1046" xml:space="preserve">ma per <lb/>lo contrario ſe ſi voglia impiegare <lb/>nel corpo della Muratura, non è <lb/>bene che ſia ſtato gran tempo eſpo-<lb/>ſto all’aria; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1047" xml:space="preserve">poichè il Sole e la Luna <pb o="54" file="0100" n="100" rhead="ARGHITETTURA"/> di maniera lo alterano, che la <lb/>pioggia lo diſcioglie, e lo cangia <lb/>alla fine quaſi tutto in terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1048" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div131" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0099-02" xlink:href="note-0099-02a" xml:space="preserve">5 L’uſo <lb/>delSab <lb/>bione.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0099-03" xlink:href="note-0099-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1049" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione che debbono a-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0100-01a" xlink:href="note-0100-01"/> vere il Sabbione e la Calcina per <lb/>far buona Malta, deve eſſer tale, <lb/>cioè che vi ſi mettano tre parti di <lb/>ſabbione di Cava, o due parti di <lb/>ſabbione di Fiume ovvero di Mare <lb/>con una parte di Calcina; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1050" xml:space="preserve">e ſarà <lb/>migliore ancora, ſe vi ſi aggiunga <lb/>al ſabbione di Mare o di Fiume una <lb/>terza parte di pezzi di Tegole ben <lb/>peſti, e ben crivellati.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1051" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div132" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0100-01" xlink:href="note-0100-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>c. 5.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1052" xml:space="preserve">Una delle principali coſe, che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0100-02a" xlink:href="note-0100-02"/> convien oſſervare nella Malta, ſi <lb/>è il ben prepararla, e ben mefco-<lb/>larla. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1053" xml:space="preserve">Gli Artefici ab antico nella <lb/>Grecia erano così attenti in que-<lb/>ſto, che ogni volta che ſe ne for-<lb/>mava, impiegavano attorno d’eſsa <lb/>dieci uomini, da’quali la faceano <lb/>lungo tratto di tempo rivoltare e <lb/>rimeſcolare, ciocchè facea acquiſta-<lb/>re alla malta durezza tale, che i pez-<lb/>zi d’incroſtatura i quali cadeano da’ <pb o="55" file="0101" n="101" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> muri vecchi, ſervivano a far del-<lb/>le tavole da dipignere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1054" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div133" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0100-02" xlink:href="note-0100-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div135" type="section" level="1" n="53"> <head xml:id="echoid-head133" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Artigolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head134" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Fondamenta.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1055" xml:space="preserve">IL Fondamento è la parte delle <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0101-01a" xlink:href="note-0101-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0101-02a" xlink:href="note-0101-02"/> Fabbriche la più importante: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1056" xml:space="preserve">poichè non ſi può rimediare a’di-<lb/>fetti di quello così facilmente co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0101-03a" xlink:href="note-0101-03"/> me ſi rimedia a’ difetti che av-<lb/>vengono alle altre parti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1057" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div135" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0101-01" xlink:href="note-0101-01a" xml:space="preserve">Con-<lb/>vien <lb/>conſi-<lb/>derar <lb/>tre coſe <lb/>nelle</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0101-02" xlink:href="note-0101-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 12.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0101-03" xlink:href="note-0101-03a" xml:space="preserve">Fonda-<lb/>menta, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">1 La <lb/>eſcava-<lb/>zione <lb/>del ter-<lb/>reno.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1058" xml:space="preserve">Per fondare un Edifizio, è duopo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0101-05a" xlink:href="note-0101-05"/> ſcavare il terreno, ſe ſi può, fin a do-<lb/>ve ſi truova il terreno ſodo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1059" xml:space="preserve">anzi è <lb/>bene ſcavare nel ſodo ſteſſo tanto <lb/>quanto è neceſſario per ſoſtentar il <lb/>peſo delle muraglie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1060" xml:space="preserve">avertendo di <lb/>farlo in maggior larghezza, di quel-<lb/>lo che ha da eſſere la muraglia al di <lb/>ſopra della levata di terra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1061" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div136" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0101-05" xlink:href="note-0101-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1062" xml:space="preserve">Allorchè ſi ſarà ritrovato il ter-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0101-06a" xlink:href="note-0101-06"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0101-07a" xlink:href="note-0101-07"/> reno fermo, per renderlo vieppiù <lb/>ſodo, ſi dovrà battere con quel ſtru-<lb/>mento che chiamaſi Montone.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1063" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div137" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0101-06" xlink:href="note-0101-06a" xml:space="preserve">2 L’aſ-<lb/>ſoda-<lb/>mento <lb/>del me-<lb/>deſimo.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0101-07" xlink:href="note-0101-07a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>c. 8.</note> </div> <pb o="56" file="0102" n="102" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1064" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſe non poſſa giugnerſi fin al <lb/>terren ſodo, e che non ſi truovi <lb/>altro che terra moſſa o paludoſa, <lb/>converià ſcavare fin a tanto che <lb/>ſi potrà, e poi conficarvi de’Pali <lb/>d’Alno, d’Ulivo o di Quercia un <lb/>poco abbruſtoliti, e cacciarli a for-<lb/>za con le macchine l’uno all’altro <lb/>più vicino che ſi potrà; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1065" xml:space="preserve">e poi <lb/>riempiere di carbone tutti i vani <lb/>che ſono tra mezzo i Pali.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1066" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1067" xml:space="preserve">Fatto queſto, converrà in tutta <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0102-01a" xlink:href="note-0102-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0102-02a" xlink:href="note-0102-02"/> la foſſa che ſarà ſtata ſcavata, <lb/>fabbricare una Muratura con pietra <lb/>la più ſoda che ſi poſſa trovare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1068" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div138" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0102-01" xlink:href="note-0102-01a" xml:space="preserve">3 La <lb/>Mura-<lb/>tura.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0102-02" xlink:href="note-0102-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 2. <lb/>c. 8.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1069" xml:space="preserve">Per legar maggiormente inſieme <lb/>le Pietre nelle fondamenta di Edi-<lb/>fizjgrandi, vi ſi mettono Pali d’U-<lb/>livo un poco abbruſtoliti, eſituati <lb/>aſſai d’appreſſo tra l’una e l’altra <lb/>fila di pietre, perchè ſervano co-<lb/>medi Chiavi e di Arpioni: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1070" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>queſto legname così preparato non <lb/>è lottopoſto nè a tarlarſi, nè ad eſ-<lb/>ſer corrotto in maniera veruna dal <lb/>tempo, potendo durar eternamen- <pb o="57" file="0103" n="103" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> te, tanto ſotto terra quanto nell’ <lb/>acqua ſenza guaſtarſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1071" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1072" xml:space="preserve">Quando ſi voglia fare delle Can-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0103-01a" xlink:href="note-0103-01"/> tine o altri Luoghi ſotterranei, bi-<lb/>ſogna che le Fondamenta ſieno mol-<lb/>to più larghe: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1073" xml:space="preserve">poichè il Muro che <lb/>dee ſoſtentare il terreno di ſopra, <lb/>richiede una groſſezza grande per <lb/>reſiſtere alla ſpinta che fa la terra <lb/>in tempo del verno, nella qual <lb/>ſtagione ella ſi gonfia, e divien <lb/>più peſante a cagion delle acque, <lb/>di cui è imbevuta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1074" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div139" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0103-01" xlink:href="note-0103-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 11.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div141" type="section" level="1" n="54"> <head xml:id="echoid-head135" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">Vi ſono <lb/>ſette <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>diMu-<lb/>ratura, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 8.</note> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div142" type="section" level="1" n="55"> <head xml:id="echoid-head136" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Mura.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1075" xml:space="preserve">LA Collocazione delle pietre u-<lb/>nite colla Malta, che noi chia-<lb/>miamo la Muratura o ſia la manie-<lb/>ra di far muro, è di ſette ſpezie: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1076" xml:space="preserve">ve ne ha tre di pietre tagliate, cioè <lb/>quella che è in forma di Reticel-<lb/>la, quella che è in Legatura, e <lb/>quella ch’è chiamata Greca: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1077" xml:space="preserve">ve <pb o="58" file="0104" n="104" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ne ha tre altre di pietre grezze <lb/>e non tagliate, cioè quella ch’ è <lb/>di ordini Uguali di pietre, quel-<lb/>la ch’è di ordini Diſuguali, e quella <lb/>che è Guarnita e riempiuta nel <lb/>mezzo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1078" xml:space="preserve">la ſettima è quella ch’ è <lb/>compoſta di tutte l’altre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1079" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">1 La <lb/>Retico-<lb/>lata.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1080" xml:space="preserve">La Muratura che è in forma di <lb/>rete, che noi poſſiamo chiamare <lb/>perciò Reticolata, è quella ch’è <lb/>fatta di pietre, le quali eſſendo <lb/>perfettamente quadrate nelle loro <lb/>facciate, ſono poſte in maniera, <lb/>che le commeſſure procedano obli-<lb/>quamente, e le diagonali ſono l’una <lb/>a piombo, l’altra a livello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1081" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſto genere di muratura è il più va-<lb/>go alla viſta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1082" xml:space="preserve">ma il lavoro è ſot-<lb/>topoſto a fenderſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1083" xml:space="preserve">Si veda la Fi-<lb/>gura A della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1084" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">2 Quel-<lb/>la, ch’è <lb/>in Le-<lb/>gatura.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1085" xml:space="preserve">La Muratura, detta in Legatu-<lb/>ra, è quella (come Vitruvio la <lb/>ſpiega) in cui le pietre ſono poſte <lb/>l’une ſopra l’altre a guiſa di tego-<lb/>le, cioè a dire, in cui le com-<lb/>meſsure dei piani vanno a livello, <pb o="59" file="0105" n="105" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> e l’erte a piombo, in maniera che <lb/>l’erto della commeſſura che divide <lb/>due pietre l’ una dall’ altra, cada <lb/>ſopra il mezzo a dirittura della <lb/>pietra che ſta di ſotto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1086" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1087" xml:space="preserve">Alcuni chiamano Incerta queſta <lb/>Maniera di murare: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1088" xml:space="preserve">ma ciò mala-<lb/>mente, perchè in Vitruvio leggo-<lb/>no Incerta in vece d’ Inſerta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1089" xml:space="preserve">l no-<lb/>ſtri Muratori l’appellano in Lega-<lb/>tura: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1090" xml:space="preserve">ella è men bella ma più <lb/>ſoda che la Reticolata. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1091" xml:space="preserve">Si veda <lb/>la Figura BB. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1092" xml:space="preserve">della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1093" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1094" xml:space="preserve">La Muratura, che dice Vitru-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0105-01a" xlink:href="note-0105-01"/> vio eſſer particolare de’Greci, è <lb/>quella in cui dopo d’ aver poſte <lb/>due pietre che fanno ciaſcuna una <lb/>facciata eſteriore nel muro, ſe ne <lb/>pone una per lungo delle altre due <lb/>che venga a fare nel muro facciata <lb/>di quà e di là, e ſi oſſervi ſempre <lb/>queſto medeſimo ordine. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1095" xml:space="preserve">Potrebbeſi <lb/>chiamare queſta maniera doppia <lb/>Legatura; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1096" xml:space="preserve">poichè la legatura non <lb/>è già ſoltanto di pietre d’una ſteſſa <lb/>facciata l’une coll’altre, ma ella è <pb o="60" file="0106" n="106" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ancora di pietre d’una facciata coll’ <lb/>altra, a motivo di quelle lunghe <lb/>pietre, le quali eſſendo poſte a tra-<lb/>verſo, legano le pietre d’una fac-<lb/>ciata con quelle dell’altra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1097" xml:space="preserve">Si oſſer-<lb/>vi la figura CC della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1098" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div142" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0105-01" xlink:href="note-0105-01a" xml:space="preserve">3 Quel-<lb/>la de’ <lb/>Greci.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1099" xml:space="preserve">La Maniera di murare per ordi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0106-01a" xlink:href="note-0106-01"/> ni di pietre Uguali, chiamata da-<lb/>gli Antichi Iſodomum, non è dif-<lb/>ferente da quella che ſi fa in Lega-<lb/>tura, ſe non che in queſto, che <lb/>le pietre non ſono tagliate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1100" xml:space="preserve">Veg-<lb/>gaſi la ſigura D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1101" xml:space="preserve">della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1102" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div143" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0106-01" xlink:href="note-0106-01a" xml:space="preserve">4 Quel-<lb/>la ch’è <lb/>per or-<lb/>dini U-<lb/>gualidi <lb/>pietre.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1103" xml:space="preserve">L’ Altra maniera per ordini Di-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0106-02a" xlink:href="note-0106-02"/> ſuguali, appellata Pſeudiſodomum, <lb/>è fatta anch’eſſa di pietre non ta-<lb/>gliate, e poſte in legatura; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1104" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>non ſon eſſe già della ſteſſa groſ-<lb/>ſezza, nè vi ſi oſſerva l’uguaglian-<lb/>za, ſe non in ciaſchedun ordine; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1105" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo per altro gli ordini delle <lb/>pietre tra di loro diſuguali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1106" xml:space="preserve">Si ve-<lb/>da la figura E della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1107" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div144" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0106-02" xlink:href="note-0106-02a" xml:space="preserve">5 Quel. <lb/>la ch’è <lb/>per or-<lb/>dini Di-<lb/>ſuguali</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1108" xml:space="preserve">La Muratura che è Guarnita O <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0106-03a" xlink:href="note-0106-03"/> ſia riempiuta nel mezzo, nominata <lb/>Emplecton dagli Antichi, ſi fa anche <pb o="61" file="0107" n="107" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> queſta di pietre non tagliate, e per <lb/>ordini; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1109" xml:space="preserve">ma le pietre non ſi pon-<lb/>gono che alle bande o alle fac-<lb/>ciate, e il mezzo ſi riempie di <lb/>ſaſſi gettativi alla rinfuſa nella <lb/>malta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1110" xml:space="preserve">Si veda la figura FF, GG, <lb/>H della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1111" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div145" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0106-03" xlink:href="note-0106-03a" xml:space="preserve">6 La <lb/>Guar-<lb/>nita.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1112" xml:space="preserve">In tutte queſte ſpezie la mura-<lb/>tura ſarà ſempre migliore, s’ ella <lb/>ſia fatta di pietre mediocri, e an-<lb/>zi piccole che grandi, affinchè la <lb/>malta penetrandole in più luoghi, <lb/>le rattenga meglio, e la forza ſua <lb/>non ſi perda sì preſto, eſſendo at-<lb/>tratta da pietre grandi, nelle cui <lb/>commeſſure ſi vede che la malta <lb/>ſi guaſta, e ſi riduce in polvere <lb/>coll’ and are del tempo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1113" xml:space="preserve">ciò che non <lb/>ſi ſcorge nelle Fabbriche antiche, <lb/>le quali ſono ſtate fatte di pietre <lb/>piccole. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1114" xml:space="preserve">Dal che ſi ricava, non <lb/>doverſi uſar riſparmio di Malta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1115" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1116" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è, che Vitruvio propo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0107-01a" xlink:href="note-0107-01"/> neuna certa maniera di far muro, la <lb/>quale chiamar ſi potrebbe o Com-<lb/>poſta, perch’ ella è fatta inſieme <pb o="62" file="0108" n="108" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> di pietre tagliate e di pietre non la-<lb/>vorate; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1117" xml:space="preserve">ovvero Ramponata, perchè <lb/>le pietre da una facciata all’ altra <lb/>ſono fermate con de’ramponi difer-<lb/>ro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1118" xml:space="preserve">La ſtruttura è tale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1119" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo le <lb/>facciate del muro fabbricate di pie-<lb/>tre tagliate, ſi guarniſce il mezzo <lb/>che ſi è laſciato voto e ſi riempie di <lb/>malta e d’ogni ſorta di ſaſſi gettati-<lb/>vi così alla rinfuſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1120" xml:space="preserve">Poſcia ſi lega-<lb/>no le pietre di una facciata con quel-<lb/>le dell’ altra per via di ramponi di <lb/>ferro ſaldati con piombo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1121" xml:space="preserve">E que-<lb/>ſto ſi fa in tal modo, acciocchè l’ <lb/>abbondanza della malta ch’è nella <lb/>parte riempiuta, ſomminiſtri e co-<lb/>munichi una umidità ſufficiente al-<lb/>le commeſſure delle pietre groſſe <lb/>che formano le facciate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1122" xml:space="preserve">Si veg-<lb/>ga la Figura k della Tavola I.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1123" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div146" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0107-01" xlink:href="note-0107-01a" xml:space="preserve">7 La <lb/>Com <lb/>poſta.</note> </div> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 5.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1124" xml:space="preserve">Si poſſono ſuggerire molte caute-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0108-02a" xlink:href="note-0108-02"/> le per rendere la Muratura più ſo-<lb/>da e più durevole; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1125" xml:space="preserve">e queſte cau-<lb/>tele cadono in acconcio ſopra tutte <lb/>le accennate ſpezie di Muratura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1126" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div147" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0108-02" xlink:href="note-0108-02a" xml:space="preserve">Tre <lb/>cautele <lb/>per tut-<lb/>te le <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>di mu-<lb/>10, cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1127" xml:space="preserve">Quando s’abbiano a far muraglie <pb o="63" file="0109" n="109" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> aſſai groſſe per Fabbriche peſanti <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0109-01a" xlink:href="note-0109-01"/> maſſiccie, ſi guarniſcono dalla parte <lb/>di dentro di pali lunghi d’Ulivo un <lb/>poco abbruſtoliti, per farli ſervire <lb/>di Chiavi e d’Ancore: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1128" xml:space="preserve">poichè que-<lb/>ſto legno in tal maniera prepara-<lb/>to non ſi corrompe giammai.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1129" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div148" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0109-01" xlink:href="note-0109-01a" xml:space="preserve">Di <lb/>@metter-<lb/>@i an-<lb/>more, o <lb/>@hiavi</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1130" xml:space="preserve">E’ di grande importanza ancora <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0109-02a" xlink:href="note-0109-02"/> per la ſodezza delle Mura, che <lb/>tutto ſia tirato ben a piombo, e <lb/>che i Pilaſtri, le Colonne, e le <lb/>Pile ſiano talmente ſituate, che il <lb/>ſodo corriſponda al ſodo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1131" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>ſe v’ha qualche parte di Muro o <lb/>qualche Colonna la quale s’appog-<lb/>gi ſul falſo, egli è impoſſibile <lb/>che l’Opera duri lungo tempo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1132" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div149" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0109-02" xlink:href="note-0109-02a" xml:space="preserve">Di <lb/>@are, <lb/>@he tut-<lb/>@o ſia a <lb/>@iombo</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1133" xml:space="preserve">Vi ſono ancora due maniere di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0109-03a" xlink:href="note-0109-03"/> fortificare i Muri, e queſte ſono <lb/>di alleggerirli del proprio lor peſo, <lb/>o pur d’ alleggerire il peſo della <lb/>terra che debbon eſſi ſoſtentare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1134" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div150" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0109-03" xlink:href="note-0109-03a" xml:space="preserve">Di <lb/>@arvi <lb/>@lleg-<lb/>@eri-<lb/>@menti, <lb/>@he ſi <lb/>@anno <lb/>un due <lb/>@manie-<lb/>@e, cioè <lb/>@Alleg. <lb/>@e c 1-<lb/>@o lil <lb/>Muro.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1135" xml:space="preserve">La prima maniera di alleggeri-<lb/>re ſi fa in que’luoghi ne’quali vi <lb/>ſono de’vani, come nella parte di <lb/>ſopra delle porte o delle fineſtre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1136" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="64" file="0110" n="110" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1137" xml:space="preserve">Queſti tali alleggerimenti poſſo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0110-01a" xlink:href="note-0110-01"/> no eſſere di due ſorte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1138" xml:space="preserve">La prima è <lb/>di mettere al di ſopra del Liſtel-<lb/>lo che ſoſtenta il Muro, ſopra il <lb/>vano delle porte e delle fineſtre, <lb/>due puntelli che poſando nella <lb/>parte inferiore ſopra de’Pilaſtri s’ <lb/>uniſcano nella ſuperiore.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1139" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div151" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-01" xlink:href="note-0110-01a" xml:space="preserve">con <lb/>Puntel <lb/>li.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1140" xml:space="preserve">L’altra maniera e di fare ſopra <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0110-02a" xlink:href="note-0110-02"/> i vani, degli Archi a volta con <lb/>pietre tagliate a guiſa di conio e <lb/>tendenti ad un centro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1141" xml:space="preserve">poichè eſ-<lb/>ſendo i muri così aſſodati col mez-<lb/>zo di queſti tali Alleggerimenti, <lb/>tutta la muraglia ch’è nella parte di <lb/>ſotto non declinerà punto, reſtan-<lb/>do ſcaricata dal peſo della parte <lb/>che è di ſopra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1142" xml:space="preserve">e ſe le avveniſſe <lb/>un qualche difetto col lungo paſ-<lb/>ſare di tempo, ella potrebbe riſta-<lb/>bilirſi ſenza che foſſe biſogno di <lb/>puntellare la parte di ſopra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1143" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div152" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-02" xlink:href="note-0110-02a" xml:space="preserve">con Ar <lb/>chi a <lb/>volta.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1144" xml:space="preserve">La Seconda maniera di alleggeri-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0110-03a" xlink:href="note-0110-03"/> re ſi è per qu’ muri che fatti ſono a <lb/>ſoſtentamento di terreno; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1145" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>oltre alla groſſezza ſtraordinaria <pb o="65" file="0111" n="111" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> che debbono avere, convien loro <lb/>fare ancora degli Speroni nelle fron-<lb/>ti dalla parte del terreno, tanto <lb/>diſtanti gli uni dagli altri, quant’è <lb/>l’ altezza del muro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1146" xml:space="preserve">ma debbono <lb/>eſſi avere tanto di piede o ſia di Scar-<lb/>pa quantoè pure l’ altezza del muro, <lb/>in modo che a poco a poco inal-<lb/>zandoſi ſi reſtringano tanto, che <lb/>di ſopra ſiano così groſſi quanto è <lb/>groſſo il muro dell’ opera che ſi fa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1147" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div153" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0110-03" xlink:href="note-0110-03a" xml:space="preserve">2 So, <lb/>ſtentan. <lb/>done il <lb/>rerre-<lb/>no.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1148" xml:space="preserve">Che ſe ſi giudichi, non eſſer <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0111-01a" xlink:href="note-0111-01"/> queſti tali Speroni ſufficienti, s’ <lb/>appoggierà ancora il muro che ſo-<lb/>ſtiene il terreno, ad altri Spero-<lb/>ni nella parte di dentro, fatti co-<lb/>me denti di ſega, che verranno a <lb/>fare degli angoli ſportanti in fuo-<lb/>ri, ed altri rientranti nel ſito <lb/>dov’ eſſi al muro ſono congiunti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1149" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div154" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0111-01" xlink:href="note-0111-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib.6 <lb/>c. 11.</note> </div> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 5.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1150" xml:space="preserve">L’ effetto di queſti Speroni non <lb/>è ſoltanto di ſoſtentar il terreno <lb/>colla loro reſiſtenza, ma d’ eluder <lb/>anche la forza della ſpinta del <lb/>terreno medeſimo, ſeparandolo in <lb/>più parti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1151" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="66" file="0112" n="112" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div156" type="section" level="1" n="56"> <head xml:id="echoid-head137" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quinto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head138" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ Pavimenti o Terrazzi.</head> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 1.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1152" xml:space="preserve">VI ha quattro ſortè di Pavi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0112-02a" xlink:href="note-0112-02"/> menti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1153" xml:space="preserve">alcuni ſono a piè <lb/>piano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1154" xml:space="preserve">altri tra due ſolari; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1155" xml:space="preserve">altri <lb/>ſono poſti ſopra il colmo delle <lb/>caſe in piatta forma; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1156" xml:space="preserve">ed altri ſo-<lb/>no in Soffittato.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1157" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div156" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0112-02" xlink:href="note-0112-02a" xml:space="preserve">I Pavi-<lb/>menti <lb/>ſono di <lb/>quattro <lb/>ſorte, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1158" xml:space="preserve">Per far quelli che ſono a piè <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0112-03a" xlink:href="note-0112-03"/> piano, convien primieramente ſpia-<lb/>nare, e livellare il ſuolo, s’ egli è <lb/>fermo e ſodo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1159" xml:space="preserve">e ſe non è tale, <lb/>convien batterlo col Montone, ch’ <lb/>è lo ſtrumento con cui ſi battono <lb/>li pali in terra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1160" xml:space="preserve">e dopo avere ſte-<lb/>ſo ſopra il ſuolo così apparecchia-<lb/>to una prima incroſtatura, detta <lb/>dagli Antichi Statumen, ch’ era di <lb/>ſaſſi e di rottami della groſſezza <lb/>che può capir un pugno, miſti nella <lb/>malta di calcina e di ſabbione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1161" xml:space="preserve">con-<lb/>vien porre la ſeconda mano, ch’ eſſi <lb/>appellavano Rudes, e ch’ era fatta <pb o="67" file="0113" n="113" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> di pietre e di rottami più minuti, <lb/>de’ quali ce ne vogliono tre parti in <lb/>una di Calcina, s’ eſſi ſono nuovi, <lb/>perchè ſe ſieno preſi da rovine vec-<lb/>chie, vi ſi vorranno cinque parti <lb/>di tal terrazzo in due di calcina.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1162" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div157" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0112-03" xlink:href="note-0112-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Quel-<lb/>li a piè <lb/>piano, <lb/>che fa-<lb/>ccanſi <lb/>o alla <lb/>manie-<lb/>ia ordi-<lb/>naria,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1163" xml:space="preserve">I Greci aveano una maniera di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0113-01a" xlink:href="note-0113-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0113-02a" xlink:href="note-0113-02"/> fare i Pavimenti ne’ luoghi baſſi, <lb/>dove regnano d’ ordinario il freddo <lb/>e l’ umidità, che gli rendeva eſenti <lb/>da tali incomodi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1164" xml:space="preserve">Scavavano la <lb/>terra a due piedi d’ altezza, e do-<lb/>po d’ averla ben battuta, vi met-<lb/>tevano una mano di terrazzo, o <lb/>ſia il pavimento di teſtole così col-<lb/>mato, che aveſſe un poco di pen-<lb/>dìo dalle due parti ove faceano de’ <lb/>Canali atti a far ſcolare l’ acqua <lb/>ſotto terra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1165" xml:space="preserve">indi ponevano ſopra <lb/>queſta prima Intonacatura un let-<lb/>to di carbone, quale battuto e li-<lb/>vellato che l’ aveano, coprivanlo <lb/>d’un altro Strato di Calcina, di <lb/>Sabbione, e di Cenere; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1166" xml:space="preserve">e queſto <lb/>poi lo polivano, quand’ era ſec-<lb/>co, con una Cote. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1167" xml:space="preserve">Queſti Pavi- <pb o="68" file="0114" n="114" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> menti aveano la qualità di ſorbir <lb/>l’acqua ſubito che vi cadea ſo-<lb/>pra, ſicchè vi ſi potea cammina-<lb/>re a piedi ſcalzi, ſenza eſſer pun-<lb/>to incomodato dal freddo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1168" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div158" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0113-01" xlink:href="note-0113-01a" xml:space="preserve">e alla <lb/>manie-<lb/>ra de’ <lb/>Greci.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0113-02" xlink:href="note-0113-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">2. I Pa-<lb/>vimenti <lb/>che ſo-<lb/>no tra <lb/>due <lb/>Solaj.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1169" xml:space="preserve">Quanto poi ai Pavimenti dei So-<lb/>laj, biſogna aver attenzione, che <lb/>ſe vi ha qualche Parete o Tramez-<lb/>zo al di ſotto, queſto non giun-<lb/>ga a toccare il Tavolato di ſopra, <lb/>affinchè ſe il Tavolato veniſſe ad <lb/>abbaſſarſi dal peſo, reſtando il <lb/>Tramezzo ſaldo e fermo, non do-<lb/>veſſe il Pavimento per forza rom-<lb/>perſi e crepare ſopra di eſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1170" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1171" xml:space="preserve">Per far queſti Pavimenti, con-<lb/>vien inchiodare le tavole da tutte <lb/>le bande ſopra ciaſchedun Trave, <lb/>affinchè queſte non ſi gettino, o <lb/>non ſi fendano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1172" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Tavole bi-<lb/>ſognerà coprirle di felce o di pa-<lb/>glia, per impedire che la calcina <lb/>non guaſti il legname; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1173" xml:space="preserve">poi vi ſi ſten-<lb/>derà ſopra la prima mano formata <lb/>d’ una miſtura di malta e di rotta-<lb/>mi groſſi quanto può capir un pu- <pb o="69" file="0115" n="115" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> gno, che converrà battere lunga-<lb/>mente conleve; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1174" xml:space="preserve">e in tal maniera for-<lb/>meraſſi una croſta maſſiccia, che avrà <lb/>nove oncie di groſſezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1175" xml:space="preserve">ſopra di <lb/>una tal croſta ſi metterà come per <lb/>Nucleo o Anima un’ altra paſta, che <lb/>non avrà meno di ſei dita; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1176" xml:space="preserve">e que-<lb/>ſta ſarà fatta di teſtola ben peſtata, <lb/>che di ogni due parti ne abbia un’ <lb/>altra di calcina. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1177" xml:space="preserve">Sopra l’ Anima ſi <lb/>porrà il Pavimento o di taglietti <lb/>di petruccie, o di quadrati grandi <lb/>ben drizzati a ſquadra ed a livello; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1178" xml:space="preserve">c dopo di ciò ſi anderà fregando <lb/>per levare tutti li rilievi ed inu-<lb/>guaglianze che vi ſi poteſſero in-<lb/>contrare nelle giunture; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1179" xml:space="preserve">in fine vi <lb/>ſi paſſerà ſopra una compoſizione <lb/>di Calcina, di Sabbione e di Mar-<lb/>mo peſtato, per ben riempiere <lb/>ugualmente tutte le commeſſure.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1180" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">3. I Pa-<lb/>vimen-<lb/>tiche <lb/>ſono <lb/>ſopra <lb/>colmo <lb/>delle <lb/>Caſe</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1181" xml:space="preserve">Se ſi vuol fare un Pavimento ch’ <lb/>abbia a ſtare allo ſcoperto ſopra le <lb/>terrazze; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1182" xml:space="preserve">acciò poſſa reſiſtere e con-<lb/>ſervarſi contra le piogge e contra <lb/>il gelo, e che non reſti danneg- <pb o="70" file="0116" n="116" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> giato dal gran calore; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1183" xml:space="preserve">convien do-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0116-01a" xlink:href="note-0116-01"/> po che ſi è inchiodato ſu i Travi <lb/>il Tavolato, conficcarne con chiodi <lb/>un’ altro per traverſo del primo, co-<lb/>ſicchè faccia una doppia armatura <lb/>alla travamenta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1184" xml:space="preserve">poi ſteſavi la pri-<lb/>ma mano nella maniera già detta, <lb/>ſelciare con Tegole grandi di due <lb/>piedi in quadrato, le quali debbon <lb/>eſſere ſcavate ſu gli orli in forma <lb/>di mezzi canali della grandezza d’ <lb/>un dito, che poi convien riempie-<lb/>re di calcina ſtemperata con olio. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1185" xml:space="preserve">Queſte regole della ſelciata debbon <lb/>eſſere poſte in maniera che ſiano <lb/>rilevate nel mezzo, dando loro <lb/>due dita di pendìo per ogni ſei <lb/>piedi, cioè a dire una quarantotte-<lb/>ſima parte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1186" xml:space="preserve">Poi ſopra queſto laſtri-<lb/>cato ſi porrà il Nucleo, ſopra di <lb/>cui, dopo che ſarà ſtato battuto <lb/>ben bene nel modo che tutto il <lb/>reſto, ſi metterà un laſtricato di <lb/>grandi pietre quadrate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1187" xml:space="preserve">Ora per <lb/>ovviare, che l’ umidità non appor-<lb/>ti nocumento a’ Pavimenti di tal <pb o="71" file="0117" n="117" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſorta, è buona coſa d’ imbeverli <lb/>ogn’ anno di tanta feccia d’ olio, <lb/>quanta ne poſſon ricevere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1188" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div159" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0116-01" xlink:href="note-0116-01a" xml:space="preserve">in Piat-<lb/>ta for-<lb/>ma.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1189" xml:space="preserve">Il Diſotto de’ Pavimenti ed i <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0117-01a" xlink:href="note-0117-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0117-02a" xlink:href="note-0117-02"/> Soffittati debbon eſſer fatti ancor <lb/>eſſi con gran diligenza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1190" xml:space="preserve">Per fare i <lb/>Soffittati a volta, convien inchio-<lb/>dare ai Travi de’ ſolaj, ovvero a <lb/>Travicelli de’ tetti, di due piedi in <lb/>due piedi, alcuni Pezzi di legno ar-<lb/>cheggiato (dettii volgarmente Se-<lb/>ſti) Biſogna far ſcelta di legname, <lb/>il quale non ſia ſoggetto a corrom-<lb/>perſi, com’ è il Cipreſſo, il Boſſo, <lb/>il Ginepro, l’ Ulivo, e non già <lb/>adoprate la Quercia, perchè ſi <lb/>ſcheggia o ſi torce, e fa fendere <lb/>quel lavoro doves’ impiega. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1191" xml:space="preserve">Eſſen-<lb/>do gli Aſſeri o travicelli compar-<lb/>titi con catene di legno, e confitti <lb/>con chiodi alla Travatura, vi ſi at-<lb/>taccheranno con giunchi di Sparto <lb/>Iſpanico paluſtre delle canne Greche <lb/>battute e ſchiacciate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1192" xml:space="preserve">Si uſavano <lb/>queſte Canne in luogo delle Late, <lb/>o vogliam dire Cantinellè, che s’ <pb o="72" file="0118" n="118" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> inchiodano al dì d’ oggi per fare i <lb/>Graticcj delle Volte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1193" xml:space="preserve">La parte di <lb/>ſopra di queſte Canne ſi coprirà <lb/>con una Intonacatura di malta e <lb/>di ſabbione, per impedire che le <lb/>gocciole d’ acqua, le quali vi poſ-<lb/>ſon cader dall’ alto, non guaſtino <lb/>queſti Soffittati; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1194" xml:space="preserve">dopo di che con-<lb/>verrà incamiciare la parte di ſot-<lb/>to che noi diciamo il cielo, ſgroſ-<lb/>ſandola con geſſo, ed eguaglian-<lb/>dola poſcia con malta di calcina <lb/>e di ſabbione, e pulirla finalmen-<lb/>te con una mano di calcina mi-<lb/>ſta col marmo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1195" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div160" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0117-01" xlink:href="note-0117-01a" xml:space="preserve">4. I Pa-<lb/>vimen-<lb/>ti in <lb/>Soffit-<lb/>tato, <lb/>ne’ quali <lb/>ſi cen-<lb/>ſidera <lb/>Il nudo <lb/>del Pa-<lb/>vimen-<lb/>to.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0117-02" xlink:href="note-0117-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1196" xml:space="preserve">Faceano talvolta gli Antichi le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0118-01a" xlink:href="note-0118-01"/> Volte doppie, allorchè temeano, <lb/>che l’ umidità ſolita a generarſi <lb/>da’ vapori che ſi ſollevano in al-<lb/>to, non guaſtaſſe la Struttura di <lb/>legname che ſta ſopra delle Vol-<lb/>te: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1197" xml:space="preserve">ciò coſtumavano di ſare prin-<lb/>cipalmente ne’ bagni.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1198" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div161" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0118-01" xlink:href="note-0118-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 10.</note> </div> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Delle <lb/>Cornie <lb/>ci.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1199" xml:space="preserve">Le Cornici, che ſi fanno at-<lb/>torno via de’ Soffittati, debbon eſ-<lb/>ſere leggiere e piccole, poichè dee <pb o="73" file="0119" n="119" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> temerſi che il grande loro ſporto <lb/>non le renda peſanti, e ſottopo-<lb/>ſte a cadere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1200" xml:space="preserve">Convien perciò farle <lb/>tutte di Stucco di marmo ſenza <lb/>geſſo, affinchè ſeccandoſi tutto il <lb/>lavoro nel tempo medeſimo, ſia <lb/>men ſoggetto a romperſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1201" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div163" type="section" level="1" n="57"> <head xml:id="echoid-head139" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Sesto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head140" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Incamiciature.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1202" xml:space="preserve">PER fare Incamiciature che du-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0119-01a" xlink:href="note-0119-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0119-02a" xlink:href="note-0119-02"/> rino lungo tempo, e che non <lb/>ſiano mai ſoggette a ſcrepolature, <lb/>biſogna aver attenzione di non ap-<lb/>plicarle ſopra muratura, la quale <lb/>non ſia ben ſecca: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1203" xml:space="preserve">perchè altrimen-<lb/>ti ſuccede, che l’ Incamiciatura <lb/>ch’ è eſpoſta all’ aria, ſeccandoſi <lb/>più preſto della parte interiore del <lb/>Muro, ſi fende e ſi rompe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1204" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div163" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0119-01" xlink:href="note-0119-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 4.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0119-02" xlink:href="note-0119-02a" xml:space="preserve">Le inca-<lb/>micia-<lb/>ture <lb/>ſono di <lb/>quattro <lb/>ſorte, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1205" xml:space="preserve">Per far poi l’ Incamiciatura con <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0119-03a" xlink:href="note-0119-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0119-04a" xlink:href="note-0119-04"/> metodo, convien applicarla di ma-<lb/>no in mano, oſſervando di non <lb/>mettervi una nuova mano, ſe quel- <pb o="74" file="0120" n="120" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> la ſopra cui debbe eſſer poſta, non <lb/>ſia prima quaſi ſecca affatto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1206" xml:space="preserve">Sei <lb/>mani ne metteano gli Antichi; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1207" xml:space="preserve">tre di malta fatta con Calcina e <lb/>Sabbione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1208" xml:space="preserve">e tre di Stucco fatto con <lb/>polvere di marmo e di calcina.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1209" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div164" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0119-03" xlink:href="note-0119-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0119-04" xlink:href="note-0119-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. L’in-<lb/>cami-<lb/>ciature <lb/>pe’ Mu-<lb/>ri groſ-<lb/>ſi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1210" xml:space="preserve">Le prime mani che vi mettevano <lb/>erano ſempre più groſſe che l’ ulti-<lb/>me; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1211" xml:space="preserve">ed aveano ancora queſta at-<lb/>tenzione, di non metter in opra la <lb/>malta di Sabbione o di Stucco nell’ <lb/>Incamiciature, ſe prima non foſſe <lb/>ſtata lungo tempo battuta e meſco-<lb/>lata, principalmente lo Stucco, che <lb/>lo dovea eſſere fino a tanto, che <lb/>non ſi teneſſe più alla Cazzuola.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1212" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1213" xml:space="preserve">Uſavano parimenti gli Antichi <lb/>diligenza molta nel battere le Inca-<lb/>miciature e nel ribatterle più volte <lb/>dacchè erano applicate, e nel liſciar-<lb/>le: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1214" xml:space="preserve">ciò che dava loro una durezza, <lb/>una bianchezza, ed una pulitezza ta-<lb/>le che faceale lucenti come ſpecchj.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1215" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1216" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Incamiciature fatte in tal <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0120-01a" xlink:href="note-0120-01"/> modo ſervivano ancora per dipi-<lb/>gnervia Freſco: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1217" xml:space="preserve">perchè icolori, ve- <pb o="75" file="0121" n="121" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> nendo applicati ſopra la Malta pria <lb/>che ſi ſecchi, la penetrano, e fan-<lb/>no inſieme con eſſa uno ſteſſo cor-<lb/>po, di maniera tale, che quantun-<lb/>que poi la pittura ſi lavi, non è più <lb/>ſoggetta a cancellarſi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1218" xml:space="preserve">ciò che non <lb/>avviene di quella, la quale fatta <lb/>ſia ſopra la Malta già ſecca.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1219" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div165" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0120-01" xlink:href="note-0120-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. L’in-<lb/>cami-<lb/>ciature <lb/>da pitu-<lb/>rarle <lb/>a Freſco</note> </div> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">3. L’In-<lb/>cami-<lb/>ciature <lb/>pe’ Tra-<lb/>mezzi.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1220" xml:space="preserve">Applicavano pure gli Antichi <lb/>queſte Incamiciature ſopra i Tra-<lb/>mezzi o Pareti di legno riempiuti <lb/>di terra graſſa, inchiodando delle <lb/>Canne, come noi facciamo le La-<lb/>te o vogliam dir Cantinelle, eſten-<lb/>dendovi ſopra della terra graſſa; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1221" xml:space="preserve">poi vi mettevano un’ altra fila di <lb/>Canne a traverſo delle prime, e <lb/>poi un’ altra mano di terra graſſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1222" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>dopo di che applicavano ſopra di <lb/>quella gli ſtrati di Malta, e di <lb/>Stucco nella maniera già detta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1223" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1224" xml:space="preserve">Per Incamiciare i luoghi baſſi ed <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0121-02a" xlink:href="note-0121-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0121-03a" xlink:href="note-0121-03"/> umidi, uſavano gli Antichi molte al-<lb/>tre cautele, principalmente nelle <lb/>parti interne: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1225" xml:space="preserve">poichè per quello <lb/>che riguarda il di fuori, ſi conten- <pb o="76" file="0122" n="122" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> tavano di farvi l’ Incaminatura dal <lb/>baſſo de’ Muri ſino all’ altezza di <lb/>tre piedi con Cemento.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1226" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div166" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0121-02" xlink:href="note-0121-02a" xml:space="preserve">4. L’In-<lb/>cami-<lb/>ciature <lb/>pe’luo-<lb/>ghi <lb/>umidi.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0121-03" xlink:href="note-0121-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1227" xml:space="preserve">Ma al di dentro, quando il ter-<lb/>reno nella parte di fuori era più <lb/>alto del piè piano interno, vi fa-<lb/>cevano contro al muro maeſtro <lb/>un’ altro muretto ſtretto, tra l’ <lb/>uno e l’ altro de’ quali vi laſcia-<lb/>vano ſolamente l’ intervallo d’ un <lb/>Canale o Condotto, che faceano <lb/>più baſſo del piè piano della ſtan-<lb/>za, acciocchè riceveſſe l’ acqua tra-<lb/>mandata dai muri, e la faceſſe <lb/>ſcolare al di fuori. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1228" xml:space="preserve">Ed a fin d’ <lb/>impedire, che i vapori, che po-<lb/>teano rinſerarſi tra queſti muri, <lb/>non v’ ingeneraſſero molta acqua, <lb/>vi faceano verſo l’ alto del con-<lb/>tra muretto alcuni Spiragli, per <lb/>dove poteſſero i vapori ſortire: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1229" xml:space="preserve">poi <lb/>queſto contra muretto veniva in-<lb/>camiciato al di fuori con Malta e <lb/>Stucco nella maniera già eſpoſta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1230" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1231" xml:space="preserve">Quando il ſito era troppo ri-<lb/>ſtretto, tal che non permetteſſe <pb o="77" file="0123" n="123" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> che nel di dentro ſi faceſſero Con-<lb/>tra muri, vi merteano delle Te-<lb/>gole incavate, l’ une ſopra l’ altre <lb/>contro al muro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1232" xml:space="preserve">e queſte poi le <lb/>ricoprivano, e le incamiciavano <lb/>di Malta e di Stucco. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1233" xml:space="preserve">Tali Te-<lb/>gole ch’ erano impegolate nella <lb/>parte interiore, e che formavano <lb/>certi mezzi canali, laſciavano ſco-<lb/>lare nell’ accennato Condotto l’ <lb/>acqua che ſtillava dal muro mae-<lb/>ſtro, e laſciavano anche ſortire <lb/>pe’ già detti Spiragli tutti i va-<lb/>pori che dall’ umidità vi s’ inge-<lb/>neravano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1234" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="78" file="0124" n="124" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div168" type="section" level="1" n="58"> <head xml:id="echoid-head141" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO III.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head142" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Comodità delle Fabbriche.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head143" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head144" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della comoda ſituazione delle <lb/>Fabriche.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1235" xml:space="preserve">UNA delle principali cofe che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0124-01a" xlink:href="note-0124-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0124-02a" xlink:href="note-0124-02"/> dee conſiderare l’ Architetto, <lb/>ſi è la comodità del luogo, dov’ <lb/>egli intende di fabbricar un’ Edifi-<lb/>zio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1236" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è, che l’ Architetto <lb/>Dinocrate fu biaſimato da Aleſ-<lb/>ſandro, perchè aveagli propoſto <lb/>un bel diſegno per fabbricare una <lb/>Città in un luogo ſterile, ed ina-<lb/>bile a ſoſtentarne gli abitatori.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1237" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div168" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0124-01" xlink:href="note-0124-01a" xml:space="preserve">Perchè <lb/>un luo <lb/>go ſia <lb/>como-<lb/>do, <lb/>debb’ <lb/>eſſere</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0124-02" xlink:href="note-0124-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>Proem. @</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1238" xml:space="preserve">Convien per tanto ſciegliere un <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0124-03a" xlink:href="note-0124-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0124-04a" xlink:href="note-0124-04"/> luogo fertile ed abbondante da ſe <lb/>ſteſſo, e che per altro abbia Fiu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0124-05a" xlink:href="note-0124-05"/> mi e Porti capaci di ſomminiſtrar-<lb/>gli tutte quelle comodità, di cui <lb/>proveduti ſono i luoghi circonvicini.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1239" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div169" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0124-03" xlink:href="note-0124-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Ferti-<lb/>le.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0124-04" xlink:href="note-0124-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0124-05" xlink:href="note-0124-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. Ac-<lb/>ceſſibi-<lb/>le.</note> </div> <pb o="79" file="0125" n="125" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1240" xml:space="preserve">La terza coſa è, che l’aria ſia <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0125-01a" xlink:href="note-0125-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0125-02a" xlink:href="note-0125-02"/> ſana. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1241" xml:space="preserve">Per queſto biſogna che il <lb/>luogo ſia ſollevato, a fin d’ eſſere <lb/>men ſottopoſto alle nebbie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1242" xml:space="preserve">Deb-<lb/>be eſſer anche lontano dalle Palu-<lb/>di a motivo della corruzione, che <lb/>può eſſer cagionata dagli aliti in-<lb/>fetti de’ velenoſi animali che vi <lb/>s’ingenerano, e che rendono i luo-<lb/>ghi all’intorno inabitabili: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1243" xml:space="preserve">quan-<lb/>do però non ſi dia il caſo, che le <lb/>Paludi appreſſo al Mare ſiano ſol-<lb/>levate in maniera, che le lor ac-<lb/>que vi poſſano ſcolare, e che all’ <lb/>incontro anche il Mare quando ſi <lb/>gonfia in tempo di burraſche, <lb/>poſſa portarvi le ſue, e far mo-<lb/>rire con la ſua ſalſedine le beſtie <lb/>venefiche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1244" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div170" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0125-01" xlink:href="note-0125-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. Sano. <lb/>Per <lb/>queſto <lb/>mon <lb/>debb’ <lb/>eſſere <lb/>Baſſo, <lb/>Palu-<lb/>doſo.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0125-02" xlink:href="note-0125-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. I. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1245" xml:space="preserve">Ed’ uopo conſiderare ancora, che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0125-03a" xlink:href="note-0125-03"/> l’ aria non può eſſer ſana in una <lb/>Città poſta ſulla ſpiaggia del Mare, <lb/>quando detta ſpiaggia ſia volta ver-<lb/>ſo al Mezzodì, o pur verſo a Ponen-<lb/>te: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1246" xml:space="preserve">poichè d’ ordinario avviene che <lb/>il caldo indeboliſce i corpi, e che <pb o="80" file="0126" n="126" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> il freddo gli fortifica; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1247" xml:space="preserve">e l’ eſpe-<lb/>rienza fa vedere, che coloro i <lb/>quali paſſano da paeſi freddi a <lb/>paeſi caldi, difficilmente reſiſtono <lb/>a ſoggiornarvi ſenza che vi ſi am-<lb/>malino; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1248" xml:space="preserve">laddove per lo contrario <lb/>gli abitanti de’ paeſi caldi, qua-<lb/>lunque volta paſſino verſo il Set-<lb/>tentrione, ſtanno meglio di ſalute.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1249" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div171" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0125-03" xlink:href="note-0125-03a" xml:space="preserve">Nè ri-<lb/>volto a <lb/>Mezzo-<lb/>dì, o <lb/>a Po-<lb/>nente</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1250" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi aveano in coſtume <lb/>di formar giudizio della qualità <lb/>dell’ Aria, dell’ Acque, e de’ Frut-<lb/>ti che poſſono rendere malſano un <lb/>luogo, dalla coſtituzione de’ corpi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0126-01a" xlink:href="note-0126-01"/> degli Animali che vi ſi erano nu-<lb/>triti, conſiderandone di queſti gl’ <lb/>inteſtini. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1251" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè ſe in eſſi <lb/>ritrovavano corrotto o livido il <lb/>fegato, conghietturavano quindi, <lb/>che lo ſteſſo ſarebbe degli uomi-<lb/>ni ancora.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1252" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div172" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0126-01" xlink:href="note-0126-01a" xml:space="preserve">Come <lb/>ſi poſſa <lb/>cono-<lb/>ſecre <lb/>ſe un <lb/>luogo <lb/>è ſano.</note> </div> <pb o="81" file="0127" n="127" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div174" type="section" level="1" n="59"> <head xml:id="echoid-head145" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head146" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Eſpoſizione delle Fabbriche.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1253" xml:space="preserve">FAtta la ſcelta d’un luogoſano, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0127-01a" xlink:href="note-0127-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0127-02a" xlink:href="note-0127-02"/> convien prendere le giuſte mi-<lb/>ſure per la Diſpoſizione delle con-<lb/>trade ſecondo il più vantaggioſo <lb/>aſpetto delcielo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1254" xml:space="preserve">La miglior Eſpo-<lb/>ſizione ſarà di fare che il vento non <lb/>imbocchi le contrade in que’luoghi, <lb/>dove ve ne ha di aſſai freddi, e <lb/>ſtraordinariamente impetuoſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1255" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div174" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0127-01" xlink:href="note-0127-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’Eſpo-<lb/>ſizione <lb/>d’una <lb/>nittà <lb/>dipen-<lb/>de dall, <lb/>di lei <lb/>ſitua-<lb/>zione <lb/>per riſ. <lb/>petto <lb/>al cie-<lb/>lo, ed <lb/>a’venti.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0127-02" xlink:href="note-0127-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 6.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1256" xml:space="preserve">L’ Aſpetto delle Caſe private <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0127-03a" xlink:href="note-0127-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0127-04a" xlink:href="note-0127-04"/> viene renduto comodo dalle aper-<lb/>ture, che loro ſi danno differente-<lb/>mente per ricever l’aria e il lume, <lb/>ſecondo la qualità delle parti che <lb/>ſi trovano nelle Fabbriche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1257" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div175" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0127-03" xlink:href="note-0127-03a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Eſpo-<lb/>ſizione <lb/>delle <lb/>Caſe, e <lb/>delle <lb/>loro <lb/>parti <lb/>dipen-<lb/>de da <lb/>due co. <lb/>ſe, cioè <lb/>Dalle <lb/>loro <lb/>qualità, <lb/>ed uſi, <lb/>ſecon-<lb/>do i <lb/>quali ſi <lb/>debbo-<lb/>no diſ-<lb/>porre <lb/>diverſa. <lb/>mente, <lb/>i luoghi <lb/>da cu-<lb/>ſtodire <lb/>le frut-<lb/>ta. <lb/>Le Sale <lb/>da man-<lb/>giar <lb/>l’Inver-<lb/>no, e <lb/>i Ba-<lb/>gni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0127-04" xlink:href="note-0127-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1258" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchèle Diſpenſe, i Gra-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0127-05a" xlink:href="note-0127-05"/> naj, egeneralmente tutti que’luoghi <lb/>ne’ quali vogliaſi chiudere, e cuſto-<lb/>dire qualche coſa, debbono eſſer <lb/>eſpoſti verſo il Settentrione, ed <pb o="82" file="0128" n="128" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> eſſer pochiſſimo dominati dai rag-<lb/>gi del Sole.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1259" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div176" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0127-05" xlink:href="note-0127-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 9.</note> </div> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 7.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1260" xml:space="preserve">Gli uſi differenti delle parti che <lb/>compongono le Fabbriche, ricer-<lb/>cano ancora differenti Eſpoſizioni: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1261" xml:space="preserve">poichè le Sale da mangiare in tem-<lb/>po d’ Inverno, e i Bagni doveano <lb/>appreſſo gli Antichi riguardare a <lb/>Ponente d’ Inverno; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1262" xml:space="preserve">perchè tale <lb/>Situazione rende i luoghi più cal-<lb/>di a motivo del Sole, che vi bat-<lb/>te co’ ſuoi raggi ſu quell’ora del <lb/>giorno, in cui aveano eſſi per co-<lb/>ſtume di ſervirſi di sì fatti Appar-<lb/>tamenti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1263" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1264" xml:space="preserve">Le Biblioteche eſſer debbono <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0128-02a" xlink:href="note-0128-02"/> rivolte a Sol Levante; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1265" xml:space="preserve">perchè gli <lb/>uſi loro richiedono il chiaro del-<lb/>la mattina: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1266" xml:space="preserve">oltre di che i libri non <lb/>ſi guaſtano tanto nelle Bibliote-<lb/>che eſpoſte in tal guiſa, quanto <lb/>in quelle che guardano a Mezzo-<lb/>dì e a Ponente, le quali ſono ſog-<lb/>gette a’ tarli, e ad una umidità <lb/>che ingenera muffa ſu’libri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1267" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div177" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0128-02" xlink:href="note-0128-02a" xml:space="preserve">Le Bi-<lb/>bliote-<lb/>che.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1268" xml:space="preserve">Le Sale da mangiare per la <pb o="83" file="0129" n="129" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> Primavera e per l’ Autunno deb-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0129-01a" xlink:href="note-0129-01"/> bon’ eſſere voltate all’Oriente, af-<lb/>finchè eſſendo riparate dalla mag-<lb/>gior forza del Sole, ch’ è quella <lb/>ch’ eſſo ha quand’ è vicino a tra-<lb/>montare, ſieno queſti luoghi tem-<lb/>perati in quel tempo che ſi ſo-<lb/>gliono adoperare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1269" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div178" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0129-01" xlink:href="note-0129-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le Sa-<lb/>le da <lb/>man-<lb/>giare <lb/>per la <lb/>Prima-<lb/>vera, e <lb/>per <lb/>l’ Au-<lb/>tunno.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1270" xml:space="preserve">Gli Appartamenti che ſono per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0129-02a" xlink:href="note-0129-02"/> la State, riguarderanno a Setten-<lb/>trione, per aver così più difre-<lb/>ſco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1271" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div179" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0129-02" xlink:href="note-0129-02a" xml:space="preserve">Gli <lb/>Appar <lb/>tamen-<lb/>ti da <lb/>State.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1272" xml:space="preserve">Queſt’ Aſpetto è molto proprio <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0129-03a" xlink:href="note-0129-03"/> ancora per le Gallerie di Pitture, <lb/>e per quei luoghi ove ſi dipigne; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1273" xml:space="preserve">acciocchè i colori, per la fermez-<lb/>za ed egualità de’lumi che vi è in <lb/>tutto il giorno, ſiano nelle opere <lb/>impermutabili.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1274" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div180" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0129-03" xlink:href="note-0129-03a" xml:space="preserve">Le Gal-<lb/>lerie <lb/>de’Qua-<lb/>dri, e i <lb/>luogh i <lb/>per di-<lb/>pignere</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1275" xml:space="preserve">E duopo aver anche riguardo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0129-04a" xlink:href="note-0129-04"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0129-05a" xlink:href="note-0129-05"/> alla diverſità de’ paeſi, dove gli <lb/>ecceſſi del caldo e del freddo ri-<lb/>chiedono Situazioni, Aſpetti e <lb/>Strutture differenti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1276" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè <lb/>ne’paeſi Settentrionali le Caſe deb-<lb/>bon eſſere fatte a volta con po- <pb o="84" file="0130" n="130" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> che aperture, e rivolte verſo le <lb/>parti del mondo overegna il cal-<lb/>do; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1277" xml:space="preserve">per lo contrario nelle Regio-<lb/>ni calde e Meridionali convien <lb/>farvi delle aperture grandi, e ri-<lb/>volte a Settentrione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1278" xml:space="preserve">affinchè l’Ar-<lb/>te e l’ Induſtria poſſa rimediarea <lb/>ciò, che la natura del luogo ha <lb/>in ſe d’ incomodo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1279" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div181" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0129-04" xlink:href="note-0129-04a" xml:space="preserve">2. Dal-<lb/>la Na-<lb/>tura <lb/>del <lb/>paeſe.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0129-05" xlink:href="note-0129-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 1.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div183" type="section" level="1" n="60"> <head xml:id="echoid-head147" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head148" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Diſpoſizione delle Fabbriche.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1280" xml:space="preserve">LA Diſpoſizione, o Diſtribu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0130-01a" xlink:href="note-0130-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0130-02a" xlink:href="note-0130-02"/> zione degli Edifizj contribui-<lb/>ſce alla Comodità loro, quando <lb/>ogni coſa è ſituata bene, in modo <lb/>che abbia a ſervir agli uſi, per cui <lb/>è deſtinato l’Edifizio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1281" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è, <lb/>che la Piazza pubblica e il Merca-<lb/>to devono eſſere nel mezzo della <lb/>Città; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1282" xml:space="preserve">ſeppure non vi ſia un qual-<lb/>che Porto o Fiume. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1283" xml:space="preserve">Perciocchè il <lb/>Mercato non debb’eſſer lontano da <lb/>sì fatti luoghi, donde le merca- <pb o="85" file="0131" n="131" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> tanzie debbono eſſere traſportate.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1284" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div183" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0130-01" xlink:href="note-0130-01a" xml:space="preserve">La Di-<lb/>ſpoſi-<lb/>zion <lb/>delle <lb/>Fabbri-<lb/>che <lb/>com-<lb/>prende <lb/>quella, <lb/>ch’ è <lb/>conve-<lb/>nevole <lb/>alle <lb/>Piazze <lb/>pubbli-<lb/>che</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0130-02" xlink:href="note-0130-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 6.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1285" xml:space="preserve">Le Caſe prvate debbon avere le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-01a" xlink:href="note-0131-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-02a" xlink:href="note-0131-02"/> loro parti differentemente diſpoſte <lb/>ſecondo la diverſa condizione di <lb/>chi le abita. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1286" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè nel-<lb/>le Caſe de’Grandi, gli Apparta-<lb/>menti del padrone non debbono <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-03a" xlink:href="note-0131-03"/> eſſere ſull’entrata; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1287" xml:space="preserve">ma ſogliono an-<lb/>zi fabbricarſi dinanzi a’loro appar-<lb/>tamenti de’luoghi vacui, come a <lb/>dire de’Veſtiboli, Cortili, Periſti-<lb/>li, Sale, e Giardini ancora per <lb/>ricevervi il gran numero delle per-<lb/>ſone, che hanno affare co’Grandi, <lb/>e che loro fan corte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1288" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div184" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-01" xlink:href="note-0131-01a" xml:space="preserve">Alie <lb/>Caſe <lb/>priva-<lb/>te, di <lb/>cui ve <lb/>n’ ha <lb/>due <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0131-02" xlink:href="note-0131-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 7.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-03" xlink:href="note-0131-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Le <lb/>Caſe di <lb/>Città, <lb/>cheſo-<lb/>no o pe’ <lb/>Grandi</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1289" xml:space="preserve">Le caſe de’Mercatanti debbono <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-04a" xlink:href="note-0131-04"/> avere ſull’ingreſſo le loro Botteghe, <lb/>i loro Magazzini, e gli altri luoghi, <lb/>ove hanno a trattare co’ foreſtieri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1290" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div185" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-04" xlink:href="note-0131-04a" xml:space="preserve">o pe’ <lb/>Merca-<lb/>tanti.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1291" xml:space="preserve">Alle Caſe di Villa convien dare <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-05a" xlink:href="note-0131-05"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-06a" xlink:href="note-0131-06"/> un’ altro ordine e un’altra diſpoſi-<lb/>zione diverſa da quella delle caſe <lb/>di Città.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1292" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div186" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-05" xlink:href="note-0131-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. Le <lb/>Caſe <lb/>di vil-<lb/>la, che <lb/>hanno <lb/>dodici <lb/>parti, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0131-06" xlink:href="note-0131-06a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 9.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1293" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè la Cucina deve <lb/>eſſere prſſo la Stalla de’ Buoi, in <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0131-07a" xlink:href="note-0131-07"/> guiſa che le Mangiatoje riguar- <pb o="86" file="0132" n="132" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> dino verſo il Focolare e verſo il <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0132-01a" xlink:href="note-0132-01"/> Levante: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1294" xml:space="preserve">queſto fa che i Buoi non <lb/>diventino ombroſi, e non abbiano <lb/>il pelo arricciato.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1295" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div187" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0131-07" xlink:href="note-0131-07a" xml:space="preserve">1 La <lb/>Cucina.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0132-01" xlink:href="note-0132-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Stalla <lb/>de’ Buoi</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1296" xml:space="preserve">I Bagni debbon’ eſſere anch’eſſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0132-02a" xlink:href="note-0132-02"/> alla Cucina vicini, affinchè il ca-<lb/>mino poſſa ſervire a riſcaldarli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1297" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div188" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0132-02" xlink:href="note-0132-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. I Ba-<lb/>gni.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1298" xml:space="preserve">Il Torchio non deve eſſer nè <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0132-03a" xlink:href="note-0132-03"/> pur eſſo lontano dalla Cucina, <lb/>perchè così ſarà comodo al ſer-<lb/>vizio ch’ è neceſſario per la pre-<lb/>parazione delle Ulive. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1299" xml:space="preserve">Se il <lb/>Torchio è a fuſolo, non debbe <lb/>aver meno di quaranta piedi di <lb/>lunghezza, e ſedici di larghezza, <lb/>ſe non ve n’ha che un ſolo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1300" xml:space="preserve">ma ſe <lb/>vi ſarà luogo per due preli, ſi diano <lb/>ventiquattro piedi per lunghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1301" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div189" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0132-03" xlink:href="note-0132-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. Il <lb/>Tor-<lb/>chio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1302" xml:space="preserve">Congiunta al Torchio ſarà la <lb/>Cantina, di cui le fineſtre guar-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0132-04a" xlink:href="note-0132-04"/> deranno a Settentrione, dove il So-<lb/>le non può riſcaldare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1303" xml:space="preserve">perchè il <lb/>calore rende debole il vino e lo <lb/>guaſta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1304" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div190" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0132-04" xlink:href="note-0132-04a" xml:space="preserve">5. La <lb/>Canti-<lb/>na.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1305" xml:space="preserve">Per lo contrario il luogo, in <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0132-05a" xlink:href="note-0132-05"/> cui ſi conſerva ripoſto l’Olio, debb’ <pb o="87" file="0133" n="133" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> eſſere rivolto a Mezzodì: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1306" xml:space="preserve">perchè è <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-01a" xlink:href="note-0133-01"/> buona coſa, che il calor mite del <lb/>Sole trattenga l’olio ſempre fluido.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1307" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div191" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0132-05" xlink:href="note-0132-05a" xml:space="preserve">6. Il <lb/>Con-<lb/>ſerva.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-01" xlink:href="note-0133-01a" xml:space="preserve">rojo <lb/>dell’ <lb/>Olio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1308" xml:space="preserve">Gli Ovili, e le Stalle per le Ca-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-02a" xlink:href="note-0133-02"/> pre debbon’ eſſere molto grandi, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-03a" xlink:href="note-0133-03"/> per far sì, che ciaſcuna di tali be-<lb/>ſtie abbia almeno quattro piedi di <lb/>ſito da occupare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1309" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div192" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-02" xlink:href="note-0133-02a" xml:space="preserve">7. Gli <lb/>Ovili,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-03" xlink:href="note-0133-03a" xml:space="preserve">8. Le <lb/>Stalle <lb/>per le <lb/>Capre.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1310" xml:space="preserve">Le Stalle de’Cavalli convien che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-04a" xlink:href="note-0133-04"/> ſieno fabbricate vicino alla caſa <lb/>nel luogo più caldo, purchè non <lb/>guardino al focolare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1311" xml:space="preserve">perciocchè i <lb/>cavalli che veggono ſovente il fuo-<lb/>co, fanno il pelo arricciato.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1312" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div193" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-04" xlink:href="note-0133-04a" xml:space="preserve">9. Le <lb/>Stalle <lb/>de’Ca-<lb/>valli.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1313" xml:space="preserve">Le Tezze ed i Fenili, che ſono <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-05a" xlink:href="note-0133-05"/> i luoghi ove ſicuſtodiſcono la pa-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-06a" xlink:href="note-0133-06"/> glia ed il fieno, come anche i Mo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-07a" xlink:href="note-0133-07"/> lini, biſogna che ſi facciano un po-<lb/>co lungi dalla caſa a motivo del <lb/>pericolo del fuoco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1314" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div194" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-05" xlink:href="note-0133-05a" xml:space="preserve">10. Le <lb/>T zze,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-06" xlink:href="note-0133-06a" xml:space="preserve">11. 1 <lb/>Fenili.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-07" xlink:href="note-0133-07a" xml:space="preserve">12. 1 <lb/>Molini.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1315" xml:space="preserve">In ogni ſorta di Fabbrica biſo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0133-08a" xlink:href="note-0133-08"/> gna aver attenzione, che tutte le <lb/>parti ſieno illuminate bene: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1316" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>ſopra tutto il lume è neceſſario al-<lb/>le Scale, agli Anditi, ed alle Sale <lb/>da mangiare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1317" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div195" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0133-08" xlink:href="note-0133-08a" xml:space="preserve">Il lume <lb/>fa una <lb/>delle <lb/>parti <lb/>grandi <lb/>e la co-<lb/>modi. <lb/>tà del-<lb/>le Fab-<lb/>briche.</note> </div> <pb o="88" file="0134" n="134" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1318" xml:space="preserve">A que’ luoghi che ſono reſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0134-01a" xlink:href="note-0134-01"/> oſcuri dalle Fabbriche vicine, con-<lb/>vien aggrandir le fineſtre quanto <lb/>più ſarà poſſibile, ed alzarle fino <lb/>a tanto, che per la loro apertura <lb/>ſi poſſa veder il cielo alla ſcoperta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1319" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div196" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0134-01" xlink:href="note-0134-01a" xml:space="preserve">Ciò, che <lb/>conven-<lb/>ga fa-<lb/>re per <lb/>averne <lb/>a ſuffi-<lb/>cienza.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div198" type="section" level="1" n="61"> <head xml:id="echoid-head149" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head150" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della forma comoda delle Fab-<lb/>briche.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1320" xml:space="preserve">ASſicurato che uno ſia della <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0134-02a" xlink:href="note-0134-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0134-03a" xlink:href="note-0134-03"/> Comodità del luogo in cui <lb/>vuolſi fondare una Città, per mez-<lb/>zo della cognizione che ſi avrà del-<lb/>la bontà della ſua aria, della fua <lb/>fertilità, e della facilità che preſtar <lb/>poſſono le Strade, i Fiumi, e i <lb/>Porti di mare di farvi venire ogni <lb/>coſa neceſſaria; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1321" xml:space="preserve">convien provvede-<lb/>re a ben munirla con fortificazio-<lb/>ni, le quali conſiſtono non ſola-<lb/>mente nella ſodezza de’Muri e de’ <lb/>Rampari, della quale ſi è già par-<lb/>lato, ma principalmente nella for-<lb/>ma con cui devono eſſer fatti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1322" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div198" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0134-02" xlink:href="note-0134-02a" xml:space="preserve">La co-<lb/>modità <lb/>delle <lb/>Fabbri-<lb/>che di-<lb/>pende <lb/>dalla <lb/>forma <lb/>che <lb/>debbo-<lb/>no ave-<lb/>re.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0134-03" xlink:href="note-0134-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 14 <lb/>c. 5.</note> </div> <pb o="89" file="0135" n="135" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1323" xml:space="preserve">La figura d’una Piazza non deve <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0135-01a" xlink:href="note-0135-01"/> eſſere nè quadrata, nè compoſta <lb/>d’angoli troppo avanzati in fuori, <lb/>ma convien ch’eſſa abbia gran nu-<lb/>mero di ſenoſità, affinchè il ne-<lb/>mico poſſa eſſer veduto da più luo-<lb/>ghi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1324" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè gli angoli, che <lb/>troppo s’avanzano all’infuori, ſono <lb/>inopportuni alla difeſa, e più favore-<lb/>voli agli aſſedianti che agli aſſediati.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1325" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div199" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0135-01" xlink:href="note-0135-01a" xml:space="preserve">1. Le <lb/>mura <lb/>delle <lb/>Città</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1326" xml:space="preserve">Biſogna procurare di rendere <lb/>l’avvicinamento alle mura più dif-<lb/>ficile, che mai ſi poſſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1327" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">2. Le <lb/>Piazze <lb/>pubbli-<lb/>che ch’ <lb/>erano <lb/>diffe. <lb/>renti <lb/>ſecon-<lb/>do i <lb/>Greci.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1328" xml:space="preserve">La forma più comoda delle pub-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0135-03a" xlink:href="note-0135-03"/> bliche piazze ſi è, che abbiano per <lb/>larghezza due terzi della longhezza <lb/>loro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1329" xml:space="preserve">I Greci adornavano le pub-<lb/>bliche piazze con doppj portici all’ <lb/>intorno e con ſpeſſe colonne, e <lb/>di ſopra nei palchi o taſſelli fa-<lb/>cevano i luoghi da paſſeggiare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1330" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div200" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0135-03" xlink:href="note-0135-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1331" xml:space="preserve">Ma i Romani avendo ritrovato <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0135-04a" xlink:href="note-0135-04"/> eſſer incomoda tale quantità di Co-<lb/>lonne, le poſero in maggior di-<lb/>ſtanza, diſtribuendole con più ſpa-<lb/>zioſi e larghi intervalli, a fine che <pb o="90" file="0136" n="136" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ſotto que’ portici vi ſi poteſſero <lb/>piantar delle botteghe, le quali <lb/>non foſſero oſcure.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1332" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div201" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0135-04" xlink:href="note-0135-04a" xml:space="preserve">Secon-<lb/>do i <lb/>Roma-<lb/>ni.</note> </div> <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">3. Le <lb/>Scale.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1333" xml:space="preserve">Le Scale degli Edifizj pubblici <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0136-02a" xlink:href="note-0136-02"/> debbono eſſer larghe e dritte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1334" xml:space="preserve">e <lb/>biſogna che ſiano molte, e mol-<lb/>ti anche gl’ ingreſſi, a fi-<lb/>ne che il popolo poſſa entrare <lb/>ed uſcire comodamente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1335" xml:space="preserve">Si parla <lb/>più ampiamente de’ gradini delle <lb/>Scale nel Capo ſeguente Artico-<lb/>lo 4.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1336" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div202" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0136-02" xlink:href="note-0136-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1337" xml:space="preserve">Le Sale, in cui abbiano a farſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0136-03a" xlink:href="note-0136-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0136-04a" xlink:href="note-0136-04"/> grandi Aſſemblee, debbono avere <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0136-05a" xlink:href="note-0136-05"/> la travatura molto alta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1338" xml:space="preserve">Per dar <lb/>loro una giuſta proporzione, biſo-<lb/>gna unire inſieme la lunghezza e <lb/>la larghezza della Sala, poi ſi pi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0136-06a" xlink:href="note-0136-06"/> gli la metà di tutta la ſomma, e <lb/>tanto ſe gli dia per altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1339" xml:space="preserve">Le Sale <lb/>poi, nelle quali non ſi vorrà un <lb/>sì grande innalzamento, avranno <lb/>tanto di altezza, quanta ſarà una <lb/>volta e mezza la loro larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1340" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div203" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0136-03" xlink:href="note-0136-03a" xml:space="preserve">4 Le <lb/>Sale.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0136-04" xlink:href="note-0136-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0136-05" xlink:href="note-0136-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 5.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0136-06" xlink:href="note-0136-06a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 6.</note> </div> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1341" xml:space="preserve">Ne’luoghi vaſti e aſſai ſollevati, <lb/>per rimediare all’incomodo che vi <pb o="91" file="0137" n="137" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſuol cagionare il rimbombo delle <lb/>voci, convien fare all’intorno nel <lb/>mezzo de’Paretiun Corniccione in <lb/>forma di cintura, a fine che ri-<lb/>tardata da queſto la voce prima che <lb/>ſia nell’ aere diſſipata, pervenga <lb/>alle orecchie degli uditori; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1342" xml:space="preserve">altri-<lb/>menti ne venirebbe, che la voce <lb/>dopo eſſer andata a percuoterſi <lb/>contra i muri, andrebbe a ribat-<lb/>tere una ſeconda volta nel cielo <lb/>della Sala, e farebbe un doppio <lb/>riſuono molto faſtidioſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1343" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="92" file="0138" n="138" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div205" type="section" level="1" n="62"> <head xml:id="echoid-head151" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO IV.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head152" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Bellezza delle Fabbriche.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head153" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Artigolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head154" style="it" xml:space="preserve">In che conſiſta la Bellezza delle <lb/>Fabbriche.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1344" xml:space="preserve">LE Fabbriche aver poſſono due <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0138-01a" xlink:href="note-0138-01"/> ſpezie di Bellezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1345" xml:space="preserve">l’una è <lb/>Poſitiva, Arbitraria l’altra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1346" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>Bellezza Poſitiva è quella, che <lb/>piace neceſſariamente da per ſe <lb/>ſteſſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1347" xml:space="preserve">La Bellezza Arbitraria è <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0138-02a" xlink:href="note-0138-02"/> quella, che non piace già neceſ-<lb/>ſariamente, ma l’aggradimento di <lb/>eſſa dipende dalle circoſtanze che <lb/>l’accompagnano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1348" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div205" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0138-01" xlink:href="note-0138-01a" xml:space="preserve">Vi ſo-<lb/>no due <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>di bel-<lb/>lezza <lb/>nelle <lb/>Fab-<lb/>briche, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0138-02" xlink:href="note-0138-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. quel-<lb/>la, ch’ <lb/>è Poſi <lb/>tiva, e <lb/>che’di <lb/>pende</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1349" xml:space="preserve">La Belleza Poſitiva conſiſte in <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0138-03a" xlink:href="note-0138-03"/> tre coſe principali, cioè nell’ u-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0138-04a" xlink:href="note-0138-04"/> guaglianza della relazione che le <lb/>parti hauno l’une all’altre, e che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0138-05a" xlink:href="note-0138-05"/> chiamaſi Simmetria; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1350" xml:space="preserve">nella ric-<lb/>chezza della Materia; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1351" xml:space="preserve">e nel-<lb/>la proprietà, politezza edaggiu- <pb o="93" file="0139" n="139" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſtatezza dell’ Eſecuzione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1352" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div206" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0138-03" xlink:href="note-0138-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. dalla <lb/>Simme-<lb/>tria,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0138-04" xlink:href="note-0138-04a" xml:space="preserve">2. dalla <lb/>Mate-<lb/>ria,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0138-05" xlink:href="note-0138-05a" xml:space="preserve">3. dall’ <lb/>eſeeu-<lb/>zione.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1353" xml:space="preserve">Per quanto appartienſi alla re-<lb/>lazione uguale, che le parti d’una <lb/>Fabbrica hanno l’une all’altre, Vi-<lb/>truvio non ne ha parlato, ſe non <lb/>ſe forſe allora, ch’ei antepone la <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0139-01a" xlink:href="note-0139-01"/> ſtruttura reticolata all’altre ſpezie <lb/>di Muratura, a motivo della u-<lb/>niformità, ch’ella ha nella figura e <lb/>nella ſituazione delle ſue pietre: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1354" xml:space="preserve">ma per quello concernela ricchez-<lb/>za e la materia, ei ne laſcia la <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0139-02a" xlink:href="note-0139-02"/> diſpoſizione a chi fa la ſpeſa della <lb/>Fabbrica; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1355" xml:space="preserve">e confeſſa ìnoltre, che <lb/>la bellezza dell’ eſecuzione intera-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0139-03a" xlink:href="note-0139-03"/> mente dipende dall’induſtria, ed <lb/>attenzione dell’ artefice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1356" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div207" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0139-01" xlink:href="note-0139-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0139-02" xlink:href="note-0139-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0139-03" xlink:href="note-0139-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 11.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1357" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda ſpezie di bellezza cioè <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0139-04a" xlink:href="note-0139-04"/> quella che non piace ſe non ſe per <lb/>le circoſtanze che l’accompagnano, <lb/>è di due ſorte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1358" xml:space="preserve">l’una ſi chiama <lb/>Saviezza, l’altra Regolarità. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1359" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>Saviezza conſiſte nell’uſo ragione-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0139-05a" xlink:href="note-0139-05"/> vole delle bellezze Poſitive, che <lb/>riſulta dall’Impiego, e dalla Col-<lb/>locazione conveniente delle parti, <pb o="94" file="0140" n="140" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> per la perfezione delle quali ſi è <lb/>data ad una Materia ricca e pre-<lb/>zioſa una Figura uguale e unifor-<lb/>me con tutta la pulitezza, pro-<lb/>prietà, e correggimento poſſi-<lb/>bile.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1360" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div208" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0139-04" xlink:href="note-0139-04a" xml:space="preserve">2. Quel-<lb/>la, ch’è <lb/>Arbi-<lb/>traria, e <lb/>ch’è di <lb/>due ſpe. <lb/>zie, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0139-05" xlink:href="note-0139-05a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>Saviez-<lb/>za</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1361" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio apporta due eſempj di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0140-01a" xlink:href="note-0140-01"/> queſta ſpezie di bellezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1362" xml:space="preserve">Il pri-<lb/>mo è, quando ſi fanno delle Bu-<lb/>gnenelle pietre, a fin di naſcon-<lb/>dere le commeſſure, ponendole im-<lb/>mediatamente l’ una ſopra l’altre <lb/>in modo, che le cuoprano co’ loro <lb/>ſporti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1363" xml:space="preserve">poichè tali rilievi cagionano <lb/>una bellezza ed una più dilette-<lb/>vole apparenza di componimento.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1364" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div209" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0140-01" xlink:href="note-0140-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1365" xml:space="preserve">Il Secondo eſempio è, quando ſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0140-02a" xlink:href="note-0140-02"/> ha la mira, che gli Appartamen-<lb/>ti d’Inverno non abbiano nei pa-<lb/>reti, e nei ſoffittati ſe non poca <lb/>ſcultura, e che gli ornamenti non <lb/>ſieno di ſtucco: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1366" xml:space="preserve">poichè ha lo <lb/>ſtucco una bianchezza tale e così lu-<lb/>minoſa, che ogni menoma macchia <lb/>o bruttura lo deforma, e per altro <lb/>non potrebbeſi impedire, che il fumo <pb o="95" file="0141" n="141" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> del fuoco, e delle torcie che vi <lb/>ſi accendono nella ſtagione d’in-<lb/>verno, non guaſtaſſe il bel colore <lb/>di tai lavori, a’ quali la fuligine <lb/>s’attacca ed entra per maniera ne-<lb/>gl’intagli della ſcultura, che non <lb/>ſi può più levare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1367" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div210" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0140-02" xlink:href="note-0140-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 7. <lb/>c. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1368" xml:space="preserve">La Regolarità dipende dall’ oſ-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0141-01a" xlink:href="note-0141-01"/> ſervanza delle leggi, che ſono <lb/>ſtabilite per le Proporzioni di tutt’ <lb/>i membri d’Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1369" xml:space="preserve">L’oſſer-<lb/>vanza di tali leggi produce una <lb/>bellezza gioconda agl’Intendenti d’ <lb/>Architettura, i quali amano que-<lb/>ſte proporzioni per due motivi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1370" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div211" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0141-01" xlink:href="note-0141-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Rego-<lb/>larità, <lb/>che <lb/>conſiſte <lb/>nell’oſ-<lb/>ſervan-<lb/>za del-<lb/>le leggi, <lb/>che <lb/>preſcri-<lb/>ve</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1371" xml:space="preserve">Il primo motivo è, ch’eſſe fon-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0141-02a" xlink:href="note-0141-02"/> date ſono la maggior parte ſulla <lb/>Ragione, la quale vuole per eſem-<lb/>pio, che le parti che ſoſtengono, <lb/>e che ſono di ſotto, ſieno più <lb/>forti di quelle che ſtanno di ſo-<lb/>pra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1372" xml:space="preserve">ſiccome ſi oſſerva ne’ Piede-<lb/>ſtalli, che ſono più larghi delle co-<lb/>lonne ch’eſſi ſoſtengono; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1373" xml:space="preserve">e nelle <lb/>colonne, che ſono più larghe a <lb/>baſſo che in alto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1374" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div212" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0141-02" xlink:href="note-0141-02a" xml:space="preserve">La Ra <lb/>gione.</note> </div> <pb o="96" file="0142" n="142" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1375" xml:space="preserve">L’altro motivo è la Prevenzione, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0142-01a" xlink:href="note-0142-01"/> ch’è uno de’più ordinarj fondamen-<lb/>ti della Bellezza delle coſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1376" xml:space="preserve">Im-<lb/>perciocchè ſiccome amaſi la forma <lb/>degli abiti, che portano i perſo-<lb/>naggj della Corte, benchè tal <lb/>forma non abbia alcuna Poſitiva <lb/>bellezza, ma ſoltanto a cagion <lb/>del merito poſitivo di queſti per-<lb/>ſonaggj; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1377" xml:space="preserve">così ancora porta il co-<lb/>ſtume, che s’ amino le Propor-<lb/>zioni de’membri dell’Architettura <lb/>piuttoſto a motivo della buona o-<lb/>pinione conceputa univerſalmen-<lb/>te di coloro, che le hanno inven-<lb/>tate, e per cagione dell’altre po-<lb/>ſitive bellezze ſcoperte nell’opere <lb/>degli Antichi, nelle quali queſte <lb/>Proporzioni truovanſi oſſervate, <lb/>che per verun’altro motivo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1378" xml:space="preserve">Poi-<lb/>chè ſovente queſte proporzioni ſo-<lb/>no contra la ragione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1379" xml:space="preserve">ſiccome ſi <lb/>vede nel Toro, o ſia Baſtone del-<lb/>la baſe Jonica, nelle faſce degli Ar-<lb/>chitravi, e degli Antepagmenti o <lb/>vogliam dir Erte delle porte, dove <pb o="97" file="0143" n="143" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> il forte vien portato dal debole; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1380" xml:space="preserve">e in molte altre coſe, che la ſo-<lb/>la Uſanza rende ſopportabili.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1381" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div213" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0142-01" xlink:href="note-0142-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ uſan. <lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1382" xml:space="preserve">Ora queſte Proporzioni appar-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0143-01a" xlink:href="note-0143-01"/> tengono a tre principali membri, <lb/>i quali ſono le Colonne, i Fron-<lb/>tiſpicj, e le Erte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1383" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div214" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0143-01" xlink:href="note-0143-01a" xml:space="preserve">La Bel-<lb/>lezza <lb/>delle <lb/>Fabbri-<lb/>che <lb/>conſi-<lb/>ſte nel-<lb/>la pro-<lb/>Porzio-<lb/>ne di <lb/>tre <lb/>mem. <lb/>bri <lb/>princi-<lb/>pali <lb/>che ſo-<lb/>no le <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1384" xml:space="preserve">Le Colonne generalmente pre-<lb/>ſe, e in quanto ſon oppoſte a’ <lb/>Frontiſpicj, e all’Erte, hanno <lb/>tre parti, cioè il Piedeſtallo, la <lb/>Colonna, e gli Ornamenti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1385" xml:space="preserve">ciaſ-<lb/>cheduna di queſte tre parti è an-<lb/>cora diviſa in tre altre; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1386" xml:space="preserve">imper-<lb/>ciocchè il Piedeſtallo è compoſto <lb/>della ſua Baſe, del Dado, e del-<lb/>la Cornice: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1387" xml:space="preserve">la Colonna compren-<lb/>de la ſua Baſe, il ſuo Fuſto, e <lb/>il ſuo Capitello: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1388" xml:space="preserve">e gli Ornamen-<lb/>ti conſiſtono nell’ Architrave, nel <lb/>Fregio, e nella Cornice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1389" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1390" xml:space="preserve">Il Frontiſpicio ha anch’ eſſo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0143-02a" xlink:href="note-0143-02"/> tre parti, cioè il Timpano, le <lb/>Cornici, e gli Acroterj, che ſo-<lb/>no que’ Piedeſtalletti di ſopra do-<lb/>ve vanno le ſtatue.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1391" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div215" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0143-02" xlink:href="note-0143-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il Fron. <lb/>tiſpi-<lb/>cio.</note> </div> <pb o="98" file="0144" n="144" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1392" xml:space="preserve">L’Antepagment, o Erta che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0144-01a" xlink:href="note-0144-01"/> vogliam chiamarlo, è compoſto <lb/>di due Stipiti e d’un’ Impoſta o <lb/>ſia Sopralimitare per traverſo, <lb/>il quale ſoſtiene anch’ eſſo un Fre-<lb/>gio, e poi ſopra di queſto vi è <lb/>la ſua Cornice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1393" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div216" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0144-01" xlink:href="note-0144-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Er-<lb/>ta.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1394" xml:space="preserve">La Diſpoſizione, la Forma, e <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0144-02a" xlink:href="note-0144-02"/> le Proporzioni differenti di tutte <lb/>queſte parti vengono a formare <lb/>due altre coſe principali, alle qua-<lb/>li ſi può riferire tutto ciò che coſti-<lb/>tuiſce la bellezza degli Edificj, e <lb/>queſte ſono il Genere, e l’ Ordine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1395" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div217" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0144-02" xlink:href="note-0144-02a" xml:space="preserve">Da que-<lb/>ſte coſe <lb/>ne ri-<lb/>ſultano <lb/>due al-<lb/>tre, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1396" xml:space="preserve">Il Genere dipende dalla Pro-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0144-03a" xlink:href="note-0144-03"/> porzione, che paſſa tra la groſ-<lb/>ſezza delle Colonne, e l’interval-<lb/>lo che tra lor ſi frappone.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1397" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div218" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0144-03" xlink:href="note-0144-03a" xml:space="preserve">Il Ge-<lb/>nere.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1398" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ordine dipende anch’ eſſo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0144-04a" xlink:href="note-0144-04"/> in parte dalla proporzione, ch’ è <lb/>tra la groſſezza delle Colonne, e <lb/>la loro altezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1399" xml:space="preserve">ma à queſta pro-<lb/>porzione convien aggiugnere an-<lb/>cora molte altre coſe, che appar-<lb/>tengono alla forma delle parti <lb/>principali delle Colonne, e dell’ <pb o="99" file="0145" n="145" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> altre parti che le accompagnano, <lb/>come ſono le Porte, le Erte, e <lb/>l’altre coſe, che variano ſecondo <lb/>i diverſi ordini.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1400" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div219" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0144-04" xlink:href="note-0144-04a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Or-<lb/>dine.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div221" type="section" level="1" n="63"> <head xml:id="echoid-head155" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head156" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’cinque Genevi d’ Edifizj.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1401" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Vi</emph>ſono cinque generi d’Edi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0145-01a" xlink:href="note-0145-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0145-02a" xlink:href="note-0145-02"/> fizj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1402" xml:space="preserve">Il primo è chiamato <lb/>Pycnoſtylo, cioè a dire di colonne <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0145-03a" xlink:href="note-0145-03"/> aſſai ſpeſſe, la di cui proporzio-<lb/>ne è tale, che tra l’una e l’ al-<lb/>tra Colonna vi ſi poſſa porre la <lb/>groſſezza d’una Colonna e mez-<lb/>za. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1403" xml:space="preserve">Si vegga la Figura AA. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1404" xml:space="preserve">del-<lb/>la Tavola Il.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1405" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div221" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0145-01" xlink:href="note-0145-01a" xml:space="preserve">I cin-<lb/>que ge-<lb/>neri d’ <lb/>Edifizj <lb/>fono</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0145-02" xlink:href="note-0145-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 2.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0145-03" xlink:href="note-0145-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Il <lb/>Pince-<lb/>ſtilo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1406" xml:space="preserve">Il Secondo è detto Syſtylo, vale <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0145-04a" xlink:href="note-0145-04"/> a dire dove le colonne ſembrano <lb/>eſſer’ unite inſieme; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1407" xml:space="preserve">ſono eſſe pe-<lb/>rò non oſtante un poco più tra <lb/>di loro diſcoſte che nel Picno-<lb/>ſtilo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1408" xml:space="preserve">imperciocchè l’Intercolun-<lb/>nio, o ſra ſpazio che v’è tra co- <pb o="100" file="0146" n="146" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> lonna e colonna, è di due groſ-<lb/>ſezze di colonne.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1409" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div222" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0145-04" xlink:href="note-0145-04a" xml:space="preserve">2. Il <lb/>siſtilo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1410" xml:space="preserve">Il difetto, che ſi nota nel Si-<lb/>ſtilo, egualmente che nel Picno-<lb/>ſtilo è queſto, che gl’ingreſſi del-<lb/>le Fabbriche, le quali ſono attor-<lb/>niate di colonne così diſpoſte, <lb/>ſono anguſti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1411" xml:space="preserve">di maniera che, <lb/>ſiccome avverte Vitruvio, le Da-<lb/>me che ſi portano ai Templi, <lb/>tenendoſi per mano di qualche <lb/>perſona, ſono coſtrette a laſciar-<lb/>ſi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1412" xml:space="preserve">poichè due perſone non po-<lb/>trebbero paſſare al pari tra gl’ <lb/>intercolunnj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1413" xml:space="preserve">Si vegga la Figura <lb/>BB. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1414" xml:space="preserve">della Tavola Il.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1415" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1416" xml:space="preserve">Il terzo nominato è Diaſtylo, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0146-01a" xlink:href="note-0146-01"/> ch’è quanto dire, dove le colon-<lb/>ne ſono tra di loro ſtaccate e lon-<lb/>tane, in maniera tale che nell’ <lb/>intercolunnio ſi poſſa frapporre la <lb/>groſſezza di tre colonne; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1417" xml:space="preserve">ma que-<lb/>ſta diſpoſizione patiſce un’incon-<lb/>veniente, cioè, che gli Architra-<lb/>vi, i quali poſano da una colona <lb/>all’altra, per la grandezza de- <pb o="101" file="0147" n="147" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> gli ſpazj corrono pericolo di ſpez-<lb/>zarſi, perchè gli Antichi faceanli <lb/>di una ſola pietra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1418" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Fi-<lb/>gura CC. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1419" xml:space="preserve">della Tavola Il.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1420" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div223" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0146-01" xlink:href="note-0146-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. Il <lb/>D’aſti-<lb/>lo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1421" xml:space="preserve">Il Quarto è appellato Aveoſtylo, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0147-01a" xlink:href="note-0147-01"/> che è quello dove le colonne ſono <lb/>rare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1422" xml:space="preserve">Qui non v’è cerra regola <lb/>di proporzione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1423" xml:space="preserve">ma ſempre però <lb/>la diſtanza d’una colonna all’altra <lb/>è maggiore che nel Diaſtilo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1424" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è che in queſto genere non <lb/>ſi può mettervi Architrave d’al-<lb/>tra ſorta, che di legno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1425" xml:space="preserve">Si oſſervi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0147-02a" xlink:href="note-0147-02"/> la Figura DD. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1426" xml:space="preserve">della Tavola Il.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1427" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div224" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0147-01" xlink:href="note-0147-01a" xml:space="preserve">4. L’ <lb/>Areo-<lb/>ſtio.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0147-02" xlink:href="note-0147-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1428" xml:space="preserve">Il Quinto è detto Euſtylo, cioè <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0147-03a" xlink:href="note-0147-03"/> dove le colonne ſono diſtanti l’ <lb/>una dall’altra con una più conve-<lb/>niente proporzione che negli al-<lb/>tri generi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1429" xml:space="preserve">perciocchè ſi devono <lb/>fare gl’intercolunnj della groſſez-<lb/>za di due colonne e un quarto; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1430" xml:space="preserve">con queſto particolare però, che <lb/>lo intercolunnio di mezzo tanto a <lb/>fronte, quanto di dietro deve eſ-<lb/>ſer più largo degli altri, doven-<lb/>doſi fare della groſſezza di tre co- <pb o="102" file="0148" n="148" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> lonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1431" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è, che queſto ge-<lb/>nere oltrepaſſa gli altri in bellez-<lb/>za, in fermezza, e in comodità. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1432" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Tavola III.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1433" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div225" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0147-03" xlink:href="note-0147-03a" xml:space="preserve">5. L’ <lb/>Euſti-<lb/>lo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1434" xml:space="preserve">Tuttochè l’eſſenziale de’cinque <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0148-01a" xlink:href="note-0148-01"/> generi conſiſta nella proporzione <lb/>che paſſa tra la groſſezza della <lb/>Colonna ed il ſuo intercolunnio; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1435" xml:space="preserve">eſſi però ancora ſono differenti per <lb/>la proporzione che corre tra la <lb/>groſſezza della colonna, e la ſua <lb/>altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1436" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè i generi ne’ <lb/>quali le colonne ſono ſpeſſe, e <lb/>molto da vicino l’une all’altre, <lb/>debbon’ avere le colonne più ſot-<lb/>tili; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1437" xml:space="preserve">all’incontro più groſſe ſi han-<lb/>no a tenere in quegli altri, dov’ <lb/>eſſe vanno in maggior diſtanza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1438" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div226" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0148-01" xlink:href="note-0148-01a" xml:space="preserve">1 Gene. <lb/>ri deb. <lb/>bon’eſ. <lb/>fere <lb/>adatta-<lb/>ti agli <lb/>Ordi-<lb/>ni, at-<lb/>tri-<lb/>buendo</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1439" xml:space="preserve">La verità è nulla di meno, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0148-02a" xlink:href="note-0148-02"/> che queſte proporzioni non ſono <lb/>già ſempre oſſervate, e che bene <lb/>ſpeſſo alle colonne Joniche, ed <lb/>alle Corintie che ſono le più di-<lb/>licate, ſi danno Intercolunnj pa-<lb/>ri a quelli che proprj ſono dell’ <lb/>ordine Toſcano, ch’è quell’ Ordi- <pb o="103" file="0149" n="149" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ne, in cui le Colonne ſono le <lb/>più groſſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1440" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div227" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0148-02" xlink:href="note-0148-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>C. 7.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1441" xml:space="preserve">Ma la pratica la più ordinaria <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0149-01a" xlink:href="note-0149-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0149-02a" xlink:href="note-0149-02"/> ſi è di fare le colonne dell’ Areo-<lb/>ſtilo in modo che la groſſezza di <lb/>quelle ſia l’ottava parte della lo-<lb/>ro altezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1442" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div228" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0149-01" xlink:href="note-0149-01a" xml:space="preserve">Il Do-<lb/>@@ <lb/>all’ A-<lb/>reoſti-<lb/>lo.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0149-02" xlink:href="note-0149-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1443" xml:space="preserve">Nel Diaſtilo, e nell’ Euſtilo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0149-03a" xlink:href="note-0149-03"/> ſi divide l’altezza della colonna <lb/>in otto partie mezza, per darne <lb/>una di quelle alla groſſezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1444" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div229" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0149-03" xlink:href="note-0149-03a" xml:space="preserve">Il Joni-<lb/>co al <lb/>Diaſti-<lb/>lo. e <lb/>all’ Eu-<lb/>ſtilo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1445" xml:space="preserve">Nel Siſtilo, l’altezza delle co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0149-04a" xlink:href="note-0149-04"/> lonne ſi ha a dividere in nove <lb/>parti e mezza, e alla groſſezza <lb/>ſe ne dà una.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1446" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div230" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0149-04" xlink:href="note-0149-04a" xml:space="preserve">Il Co-<lb/>rintio <lb/>al Si-<lb/>ſtillo, <lb/>e al <lb/>Piono-<lb/>ſtilo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1447" xml:space="preserve">Nel Picnoſtilo la groſſezza del-<lb/>la colonna ſi fa della decima par-<lb/>te dell’ altezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1448" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1449" xml:space="preserve">La ragione di queſte differenti <lb/>proporzioni è fondata ſu queſto; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1450" xml:space="preserve">che ſi conſidera, che l’aria la qual’ <lb/>entra tra i vani delle colonne, con-<lb/>ſuma e ſminuiſce la groſſezza loro <lb/>a proporzione, che vi è più di va-<lb/>no e di ſpazio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1451" xml:space="preserve">perciocchè quanto <lb/>più ſi rauna d’ intorno alle co- <pb o="104" file="0150" n="150" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> lonne di aere e di luce, tanto <lb/>più pajono ſottili: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1452" xml:space="preserve">quindi è, che <lb/>per la medeſima ragione ſi è cre-<lb/>duto eſſer’ uopo d’ ingroſſare le <lb/>colonne delle Cantonate di una <lb/>cinquanteſima parte di diametro <lb/>di più delle altre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1453" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Ta-<lb/>vola Il. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1454" xml:space="preserve">e la Tavola III.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1455" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div232" type="section" level="1" n="64"> <head xml:id="echoid-head157" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head158" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’cinque Ordini d’ Architettura.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1456" xml:space="preserve">Icinque Ordini d’Architettura <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0150-01a" xlink:href="note-0150-01"/> ſono il Toſcano, il Dorico, <lb/>il Jonico, il Corintio, ed il Com-<lb/>poſito.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1457" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div232" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0150-01" xlink:href="note-0150-01a" xml:space="preserve">Ls di-<lb/>ſtinzio-<lb/>ne, e <lb/>lo dif <lb/>ferenze <lb/>degli <lb/>Ordini <lb/>conſi-<lb/>ftono <lb/>in due <lb/>coſe, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1458" xml:space="preserve">Queſti Ordini diverſi ſono ſtati <lb/>inventati per ſoddisfar al diſegno, <lb/>che ſi potrebbe avere di far delle <lb/>Fabbriche più o meno maſſiccie, e <lb/>più o meno adorne: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1459" xml:space="preserve">Impercioc-<lb/>chè la diſtinzione degli Ordini <lb/>conſiſte in queſte due coſe; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1460" xml:space="preserve">e <lb/>ſiccome gli Ordini Toſcano e Do-<lb/>rico ſono i più maſſiccj ma i meno <pb o="105" file="0151" n="151" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ornati, e come il Corintio e il <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0151-01a" xlink:href="note-0151-01"/> Compoſito ſono i più dilicati ma <lb/>i più ricchi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1461" xml:space="preserve">così il Jonico tiene <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0151-02a" xlink:href="note-0151-02"/> il mezzo sì nelle ſue proporzioni, <lb/>come negli ornamenti ſuoi, eſ-<lb/>ſendo eſſo meno maſſiccio ma più <lb/>ornato del Toſcano e del Dorico, <lb/>e più maſſiccio e men ornato del <lb/>Corintio e del Compoſito.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1462" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div233" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0151-01" xlink:href="note-0151-01a" xml:space="preserve">1. nella <lb/>dilica-<lb/>tezza.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0151-02" xlink:href="note-0151-02a" xml:space="preserve">2. nell’ <lb/>orna-<lb/>mento</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1463" xml:space="preserve">Ora benchè Vitruvio non abbia <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0151-03a" xlink:href="note-0151-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0151-04a" xlink:href="note-0151-04"/> diviſa l’ Architettura, ſe non in <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0151-05a" xlink:href="note-0151-05"/> tre Ordini, cioè Dorico, Jonico, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0151-06a" xlink:href="note-0151-06"/> e Corintio, ei non laſcia però di <lb/>dar le proporzioni del Toſcano, <lb/>e di parlare del Compoſito ancora.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1464" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div234" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0151-03" xlink:href="note-0151-03a" xml:space="preserve">Vitru-<lb/>vio non <lb/>iftabili-<lb/>ſce che <lb/>tre or-<lb/>dini</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0151-04" xlink:href="note-0151-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>Proem.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0151-05" xlink:href="note-0151-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>C. 7.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0151-06" xlink:href="note-0151-06a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>C. 1.</note> </div> <pb o="106" file="0152" n="152" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div236" type="section" level="1" n="65"> <head xml:id="echoid-head159" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head160" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle coſe che ſono comuni à più <lb/>Ordini.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1465" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Pr</emph>ima ditrattare delle differen-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-01a" xlink:href="note-0152-01"/> ze di queſti cinque Ordini, <lb/>egli è a propoſito di parlare delle <lb/>coſe che ſono comuni a più Or-<lb/>dini, come ſono i Gradini, i Pie-<lb/>deſtalli, la Diminuzione delle co-<lb/>lonne, le loro Canalature, i Fron-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-02a" xlink:href="note-0152-02"/> tiſpicj, le Cornici, e gli Acroterj.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1466" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div236" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0152-01" xlink:href="note-0152-01a" xml:space="preserve">Vi ſono <lb/>ſette <lb/>coſe <lb/>comu-<lb/>ni a <lb/>tutti <lb/>gli Or-<lb/>dini, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0152-02" xlink:href="note-0152-02a" xml:space="preserve">I Gra. <lb/>dini; <lb/>ove <lb/>dee <lb/>conſi-<lb/>derarſi</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1467" xml:space="preserve">I Gradini, che ſono nella faccia-<lb/>ta de’ Templi, debbon’ eſſere ſem-<lb/>pre di numero diſpari; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1468" xml:space="preserve">affinchè <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-03a" xlink:href="note-0152-03"/> avendo meſſo il piè deſtro in mon-<lb/>tando ſopra il primo gradino, lo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-04a" xlink:href="note-0152-04"/> ſteſſo piede venga a poſarſi anche <lb/>ſull’ ultimo di ſopra entrandoſi nel <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-05a" xlink:href="note-0152-05"/> tempio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1469" xml:space="preserve">Eſſi non debbon’ eſſere nè <lb/>più alti di ſei oncie e dieci li-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-06a" xlink:href="note-0152-06"/> nee, ne’ più baſſi di oncie ſei.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1470" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div237" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0152-03" xlink:href="note-0152-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Il <lb/>loro <lb/>nume-<lb/>10 che <lb/>deve <lb/>eſſer <lb/>diſpari</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0152-04" xlink:href="note-0152-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 3.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0152-05" xlink:href="note-0152-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>loro al <lb/>rezza.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0152-06" xlink:href="note-0152-06a" xml:space="preserve">3. La <lb/>Joro <lb/>lar-<lb/>ghez-<lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1471" xml:space="preserve">La loro larghezza eſſer deve <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0152-07a" xlink:href="note-0152-07"/> proporzionata alla loro altezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1472" xml:space="preserve">e <pb o="107" file="0153" n="153" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> queſta proporzione deve eſſere di <lb/>tre a quattro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1473" xml:space="preserve">in guiſa che ſe i <lb/>gradini hanno ſei oncie d’ altezza, <lb/>che ſono due volte tre, ne abbiano <lb/>otto di larghezza, che ſono due <lb/>volte quattro, ſecondo la propor-<lb/>zione del Triangolo Rettangolo <lb/>inventato da Pittagora.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1474" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div238" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0152-07" xlink:href="note-0152-07a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 9. <lb/>C. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1475" xml:space="preserve">I Pianerottoli di ripoſo, o ſia <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0153-01a" xlink:href="note-0153-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0153-02a" xlink:href="note-0153-02"/> quei Scalini più larghi che ſi fan-<lb/>no per ripoſarvi ſopra, non debbon <lb/>eſſere nè più ſtretti di ſedici on-<lb/>cie, nè più larghi di oncie venti-<lb/>due. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1476" xml:space="preserve">I Gradini che attorniano <lb/>tutto un’ edifizio, convien che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0153-03a" xlink:href="note-0153-03"/> ſieno d’una ſteſſa larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1477" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div239" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0153-01" xlink:href="note-0153-01a" xml:space="preserve">4. I lo-<lb/>to Pia-<lb/>perot-<lb/>toli.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0153-02" xlink:href="note-0153-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 3.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0153-03" xlink:href="note-0153-03a" xml:space="preserve">Il. I <lb/>Stiloba-<lb/>ti, che <lb/>ſono di <lb/>tre ſor-<lb/>te, cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1478" xml:space="preserve">I Stilobati o Piedeſtalli, che <lb/>portano molte colonne o in un’ iſteſ-<lb/>ſa fila, avranno miglior grazia, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0153-04a" xlink:href="note-0153-04"/> ſe ſu la drittura di ciaſcuna colonna <lb/>ſi facciano loro degli ſporti, che <lb/>avanzino in fnori in guiſa di Scamilli <lb/>o Sgabelli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1479" xml:space="preserve">poichè altrimente ſe il <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0153-05a" xlink:href="note-0153-05"/> Piedeſtallo foſſe tutto ſeguente della <lb/>ſteſſa groſſezza dappertutto, raſſo-<lb/>migliarebbe ad un canale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1480" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div240" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0153-04" xlink:href="note-0153-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. quei <lb/>che ſo-<lb/>no d’ <lb/>una <lb/>ſteſſa <lb/>groſ-<lb/>ſezza.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0153-05" xlink:href="note-0153-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. Quei <lb/>che <lb/>hanno <lb/>de’ ſpor. <lb/>ti.</note> </div> <pb o="108" file="0154" n="154" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1481" xml:space="preserve">Se abbiaſi idea di fare dei Pog-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0154-01a" xlink:href="note-0154-01"/> gi tra’ Piedeſtalli, convien che <lb/>queſti ſieno dell’ altezza de’ Pie-<lb/>deſtalli, e che le cornici de’ Pie-<lb/>deſtalli e de’ Poggi ſieno in tutto <lb/>ſimili, e corriſpondenti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1482" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div241" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0154-01" xlink:href="note-0154-01a" xml:space="preserve">4. Quei <lb/>che <lb/>hanno <lb/>de’ Pog-<lb/>gi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1483" xml:space="preserve">Tutte le colonne debbon’ eſſer <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0154-02a" xlink:href="note-0154-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0154-03a" xlink:href="note-0154-03"/> fatte in maniera, che vadano re-<lb/>ſtringendoſi e dicreſcendo verſol’ al-<lb/>to, per aumentare la loro ſodezza, e <lb/>per dar loro più di grazia, imi-<lb/>tando in queſto i tronchi degli al-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0154-04a" xlink:href="note-0154-04"/> beri, i quali ſono più groſſi verſo <lb/>il piede, che verſo la parte ſupe-<lb/>riore. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1484" xml:space="preserve">Ma biſogna avvertire, che que-<lb/>ſta tal diminuzione deve eſſer mi-<lb/>nore nelle Colonne grandi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1485" xml:space="preserve">percioc-<lb/>chè quelle hanno la parte loro ſu-<lb/>periore piu diſcoſta dalla viſta, e <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0154-05a" xlink:href="note-0154-05"/> per conſeguenza fanno parere queſta <lb/>medeſima parte più ſottile, ſe-<lb/>condo l’ ordinario effetto della pro-<lb/>ſpettiva, che ſminuiſce ſempre <lb/>gli oggetti a miſura che ſi vanno <lb/>allontanando dall’ occhio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1486" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div242" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0154-02" xlink:href="note-0154-02a" xml:space="preserve">III. La <lb/>Dimi-<lb/>nuzio <lb/>ne del-<lb/>le Co-<lb/>lonne, <lb/>ch’è di <lb/>tre ſor <lb/>re, cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0154-03" xlink:href="note-0154-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5 <lb/>C. 1.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0154-04" xlink:href="note-0154-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>dimi-<lb/>nuzione <lb/>verſo <lb/>l’alto</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0154-05" xlink:href="note-0154-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1487" xml:space="preserve">La regola di tal differente Di- <pb o="109" file="0155" n="155" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> minuzione è queſta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1488" xml:space="preserve">che ſe una <lb/>Colona ſarà di quindici piedi d’ <lb/>altezza, ſia diviſa la groſſezza del <lb/>fuſto da baſſo in ſei parti, e di <lb/>cinque di quelle ſi faccia la groſ-<lb/>ſezza di ſopra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1489" xml:space="preserve">quella che ſarà alta <lb/>da quindici a venti piedi, il fu-<lb/>ſto da baſſo ſia diviſo in ſei parti <lb/>e mezza, e di quelle ſiano date <lb/>cinque e mezza alla groſſezza di <lb/>ſopra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1490" xml:space="preserve">quella che ſarà dai venti <lb/>ſino ai trenta, la pianta ſi par-<lb/>tirà in ſette parti, ed in ſei di <lb/>quelle ſi farà la diminuzione di <lb/>ſopra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1491" xml:space="preserve">quella dai trenta fino a’ qua-<lb/>ranta, a baſſo ſi dividerà in ſette <lb/>e mezza, e di ſopra avrà ſei parti <lb/>e mezza di groſſezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1492" xml:space="preserve">quella che <lb/>ſarà dai quaranta fino alli cin-<lb/>quanta, ſia diviſa da baſſo in ot-<lb/>to parti, e ſette ſe ne dia di <lb/>groſſezza in alto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1493" xml:space="preserve">Queſte diminu-<lb/>zioni però non appartengono all’ <lb/>ordine Toſcano, perchè le Co-<lb/>lonne di queſt’ ordine devono <lb/>eſſer molto più diminuite; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1494" xml:space="preserve">ſic- <pb o="110" file="0156" n="156" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> come ſarà detto qui appreſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1495" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1496" xml:space="preserve">Oltra la Diminuzione che ſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0156-01a" xlink:href="note-0156-01"/> fa in alto della Colonna, ve n’ha <lb/>ancora un’altra che ſi fa da baſſo, <lb/>e da queſta ne deriva che la Co-<lb/>lonna vien ad avere nel mezzo <lb/>come una ſpezie di pancia, che <lb/>volgarmente appellaſi Gonfiezza, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0156-02a" xlink:href="note-0156-02"/> o Tumidezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1497" xml:space="preserve">La miſura di que-<lb/>ſta gonfiezza ſi prende dalla lar-<lb/>ghezza del quadrato o filetto, <lb/>che forma il ſpazio che è tra <lb/>una ſcanalatura e l’altra, da Vi-<lb/>truvio chiamato Stria o Pia-<lb/>nuzzo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1498" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0156-03a" xlink:href="note-0156-03"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div243" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0156-01" xlink:href="note-0156-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Dimi-<lb/>nuzio-<lb/>ne da <lb/>baſſo, <lb/>da cui <lb/>ne de-<lb/>riva la <lb/>Gon-<lb/>fiezza.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0156-02" xlink:href="note-0156-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 3.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0156-03" xlink:href="note-0156-03a" xml:space="preserve">3. La <lb/>dimi-<lb/>nuzio-<lb/>ne d’ <lb/>una Co-<lb/>lonna <lb/>in ri-<lb/>guardo <lb/>dell’al-<lb/>tra, cioè <lb/>delle <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne de’ <lb/>ſecondi <lb/>ordini <lb/>riſpetto <lb/>a quel-<lb/>le de’ <lb/>primi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1499" xml:space="preserve">Havvi parimente un’ altra Di-<lb/>minuzione nelle Colonne, ed è <lb/>quella che ſi fa all’une riſpetto <lb/>dell’altre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1500" xml:space="preserve">Queſta diminuzione è <lb/>di due ſorte, cioè o quando ol-<lb/>tre il primo ordine di colonne ſe <lb/>ne mette un’altro di ſopra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1501" xml:space="preserve">im-<lb/>perciocchè in tal caſo biſogna, che <lb/>le colonne del ſecondo ordine ſie-<lb/>no più piccole e più ſottili di un <lb/>quarto di quelle che ſono a baſ- <pb o="111" file="0157" n="157" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1502" xml:space="preserve">ovvero quando ſi fanno de’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0157-01a" xlink:href="note-0157-01"/> Portici, che abbiano delle Colon-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0157-02a" xlink:href="note-0157-02"/> ne ſulle cantonate: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1503" xml:space="preserve">poichè allora <lb/>biſogna che quelle di mezzo ſieno <lb/>più ſottili d’ una cinquanteſima <lb/>parte, che nol ſono le colonne <lb/>poſte ſu i cantoni.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1504" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div244" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0157-01" xlink:href="note-0157-01a" xml:space="preserve">Delle <lb/>Colon-<lb/>me di <lb/>mezzo <lb/>@iſpet-<lb/>to a <lb/>quelle <lb/>le’Can-<lb/>moni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0157-02" xlink:href="note-0157-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 2.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1505" xml:space="preserve">Le Scanalature ſono chiamate <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0157-03a" xlink:href="note-0157-03"/> così, perchè appunto ſono come <lb/>tanti mezzi canali, che vanno <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0157-04a" xlink:href="note-0157-04"/> dall’alto della Colonna al baſſo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1506" xml:space="preserve">Eſſe rappreſentavano le falde de’ <lb/>veſtimenti delle matrone, di cui <lb/>le Colonne erano l’immagine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1507" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div245" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0157-03" xlink:href="note-0157-03a" xml:space="preserve">@V. Le <lb/>scana-<lb/>@ature, <lb/>che ſo-<lb/>mo di <lb/>@@re ſpe-<lb/>@ie, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0157-04" xlink:href="note-0157-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>C. 1.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1508" xml:space="preserve">Sono le Scanalatute di tre ſpe-<lb/>zie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1509" xml:space="preserve">le due prime ſono particolari <lb/>dell’ordine Dorico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1510" xml:space="preserve">la terza è co-<lb/>mune al Jonico, al Corintio, ed <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0157-05a" xlink:href="note-0157-05"/> al Compoſito. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1511" xml:space="preserve">Le prime due ſpe-<lb/>zie ſono più ſemplici, nè ſi fan-<lb/>no in tanto numero quanto l’altre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1512" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div246" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0157-05" xlink:href="note-0157-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 1. <lb/>C. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1513" xml:space="preserve">La ſpezie più ſemplice è quel-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0157-06a" xlink:href="note-0157-06"/> la delle ſcanalature, che non ſo-<lb/>no incavate, ma che formano <lb/>ſoltanto diverſi membri come ſtri-<lb/>ſcie o faſcie angolate ma piane.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1514" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div247" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0157-06" xlink:href="note-0157-06a" xml:space="preserve">1. Quel <lb/>le, che <lb/>ſono <lb/>piane.</note> </div> <pb o="112" file="0158" n="158" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1515" xml:space="preserve">L’altra ſpezie di ſcanalature è <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0158-01a" xlink:href="note-0158-01"/> quella che ha qualche cavità, ma <lb/>molto leggera. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1516" xml:space="preserve">Per incavarle bi-<lb/>ſogna fare un quadrato, i di cui <lb/>lati ſiano eguali a quello ſpazio <lb/>ove vuolſi incavare la ſcanalatura, <lb/>e poſto un piede del compaſſo <lb/>nel mezzo di queſto quadrato, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0158-02a" xlink:href="note-0158-02"/> con l’altro ſi raggiri intorno la <lb/>circonferenza, formando una linea <lb/>curva che tocchi da un’ angolo <lb/>della ſcanalatura all’ altro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1517" xml:space="preserve">e quan-<lb/>to di cavo ſarà tra la circonferen-<lb/>za e la quadrata deſcrizione, tan-<lb/>to ſia cavato a quella forma. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1518" xml:space="preserve">Del <lb/>reſto poi, ſia nell’ una o nell’ al-<lb/>tra maniera che ſi canalino le <lb/>colonne, biſogna che le ſcanala-<lb/>ture ſieno ſempre al numero di <lb/>venti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1519" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div248" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0158-01" xlink:href="note-0158-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Quel. <lb/>le, che <lb/>ſono un <lb/>poco <lb/>ſeava-<lb/>te.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0158-02" xlink:href="note-0158-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1520" xml:space="preserve">Negli altri Ordini ſe ne fanno <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0158-03a" xlink:href="note-0158-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0158-04a" xlink:href="note-0158-04"/> ventiquattro, e tal volta ſino a <lb/>trentadue, allorchè ſi vuol far <lb/>parere le Colonne più groſſe di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0158-05a" xlink:href="note-0158-05"/> quello che non ſono in realtà: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1521" xml:space="preserve">imperciocchè l’occhio giudica le <pb o="113" file="0159" n="159" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> coſe più grandi, quando eſſe han-<lb/>no più punti e più ſpeſſi, li qua-<lb/>li fanno in certa maniera vagar <lb/>la viſta con maggior circuito ſo-<lb/>pra più oggetti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1522" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div249" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0158-03" xlink:href="note-0158-03a" xml:space="preserve">3. Quel. <lb/>le, che <lb/>ſono <lb/>più in-<lb/>cavate</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0158-04" xlink:href="note-0158-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib 4. <lb/>C. 1.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0158-05" xlink:href="note-0158-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4 <lb/>C. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1523" xml:space="preserve">Queſte ſcanalature ſono molto <lb/>più incavate, che quelle dell’Or-<lb/>dine Dorico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1524" xml:space="preserve">e la profondità lo-<lb/>ro è tale, che biſogna, che una <lb/>Squadra, eſſendo poſta nella ca-<lb/>vità, tocchi col ſuo angolo il <lb/>fondo, e con le braccia o lati, i <lb/>due ſpigoli della canalatura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1525" xml:space="preserve">Vi-<lb/>truvio non ha inſegnato, quale <lb/>debba eſſer la proporzione delle <lb/>ſcanalature in riguardo del Pia-<lb/>nuzzo, che forma lo ſpazio che <lb/>è di mezzo tra l’ una e l’ altra <lb/>ſcanalatura, nè qual debba eſſe-<lb/>re la larghezza di queſto Pianuz-<lb/>zo, ch’ egli ha ſtabilito per re-<lb/>gola della Pancia o Gonfiezza del-<lb/>la colonna.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1526" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1527" xml:space="preserve">I Frontoni o per meglio dire <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0159-01a" xlink:href="note-0159-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0159-02a" xlink:href="note-0159-02"/> i Frontiſpicj, con altro nome da Vi-<lb/>truvio chiamati Faſtigj, ſono com- <pb o="114" file="0160" n="160" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> poſti del Timpano, e delle Cor-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0160-01a" xlink:href="note-0160-01"/> nici. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1528" xml:space="preserve">Per formar l’ altezza del <lb/>Timpano, biſogna dividere in <lb/>nove parti tutta la laughezza, <lb/>ch’ è tra le due eſtremità della <lb/>Cimaſa del Gocciolatojo, ſopra <lb/>del quale poſar deve il Frontiſpi-<lb/>cio, e darne una di quelle nove <lb/>parti al Timpano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1529" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div250" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0159-01" xlink:href="note-0159-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>C. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0159-02" xlink:href="note-0159-02a" xml:space="preserve">I Fron-<lb/>toni, <lb/>che <lb/>hanno <lb/>due par-</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0160-01" xlink:href="note-0160-01a" xml:space="preserve">ti, cioè <lb/>I. Il <lb/>Tim-<lb/>pano,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1530" xml:space="preserve">La groſſezza della Cornice, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0160-02a" xlink:href="note-0160-02"/> aggiunta che ſia a queſta nona <lb/>parte, farà l’ altezza di tutto il <lb/>Frontone.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1531" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div251" type="float" level="2" n="16"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0160-02" xlink:href="note-0160-02a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Corni-<lb/>ce.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1532" xml:space="preserve">Il piano del Timpano deve ri-<lb/>poſare ſul vivo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1533" xml:space="preserve">per conſeguenza <lb/>biſogna che corriſponda a piom-<lb/>bo ſul collarino, e ſul vivo del-<lb/>la colonna. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1534" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0160-03a" xlink:href="note-0160-03"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div252" type="float" level="2" n="17"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0160-03" xlink:href="note-0160-03a" xml:space="preserve">VI. Le <lb/>Corni-<lb/>ci, nel-<lb/>le qua-<lb/>li con-<lb/>vien <lb/>oſſer-<lb/>vare <lb/>cinque <lb/>coſe, <lb/>cioè 1. <lb/>La ma-<lb/>niera <lb/>di col-<lb/>locare</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1535" xml:space="preserve">Le coſe che ſono comuni a <lb/>tutte le Cornici, ſono, che bi-<lb/>ſogna che la Cornice del Fron-<lb/>tone ſia grande egualmente e pa-<lb/>ri a quella che è diſotto, tolta-<lb/>ne l’ ultima Cimaſa grande, la <lb/>quale ſi laſcia fuori in tutto, nè <lb/>ſi mette ſu la Cornice diſotto <pb o="115" file="0161" n="161" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> del Frontone; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1536" xml:space="preserve">ma va poſta ſola-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0161-01a" xlink:href="note-0161-01"/> mente ſulle Cornici, che ſono in <lb/>pendìo ſopra il Frontone.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1537" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div253" type="float" level="2" n="18"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0161-01" xlink:href="note-0161-01a" xml:space="preserve">Pulti-<lb/>ma lo. <lb/>ro Ci-<lb/>maſa <lb/>ſopra i <lb/>Fron-<lb/>toni.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1538" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Cimaſa grande deve <lb/>aver d’ altezza una ottava parte <lb/>più, che la Corona, o Goccio-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0161-02a" xlink:href="note-0161-02"/> latojo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1539" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div254" type="float" level="2" n="19"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0161-02" xlink:href="note-0161-02a" xml:space="preserve">I. La <lb/>propor <lb/>zione <lb/>della <lb/>loro <lb/>ultima <lb/>Cima-<lb/>ſa.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1540" xml:space="preserve">Ne’ ſiti, ne’ quali non v’ ha <lb/>Frontoni, conviene nelle Cima-<lb/>ſe grandi delle cornici, tagliar-<lb/>vi delle teſte di lione ma in di-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0161-03a" xlink:href="note-0161-03"/> ſtanza tale, che ve ne abbia una <lb/>corriſpondente ad ogni Colonna, <lb/>e che le altre corriſpondano a <lb/>quelle laſtre grandi, che cuopro-<lb/>no il tetto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1541" xml:space="preserve">Queſte teſte di lio-<lb/>ne devono eſſer forate, acciò <lb/>quel buco ſerva di condotto per <lb/>gittare l’acqua, che cola dal tet-<lb/>to ſula Cornice; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1542" xml:space="preserve">ma biſogna av-<lb/>vertire, che queſt’ apertura o ſia <lb/>condotto ſi deve fare ſolamente <lb/>a quelle Teſte che corriſpondono <lb/>a drittura ſu le Colonne, e non <lb/>alle altre, affinchè tutta l’acqua <lb/>eſca con impeto per quelle ſole, <pb o="116" file="0162" n="162" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> e che non ve ne cada tra Co-<lb/>lonna e Colonna ſopra le perſo-<lb/>ne, che vi paſſano per entrare <lb/>ſotto i Portici.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1543" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div255" type="float" level="2" n="20"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0161-03" xlink:href="note-0161-03a" xml:space="preserve">3. Le <lb/>loro <lb/>leſte <lb/>diLio-<lb/>ne.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1544" xml:space="preserve">Conviene ſaper ancora, che <lb/>negli Edificj de’ Greci giammai <lb/>non ſi usò di porre Dentelli ſor-<lb/>to ai Modiglioni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1545" xml:space="preserve">perchè quegli <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0162-01a" xlink:href="note-0162-01"/> Aſſeri, che noi diciamo moraletti, <lb/>non poſſono eſſere ſotto i Can-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0162-02a" xlink:href="note-0162-02"/> terj: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1546" xml:space="preserve">e queſto è un mancamento <lb/>grande, che quello, che nella <lb/>Verità della ſtruttura deve eſ-<lb/>ſer poſto ſopra, nella Rappreſen-<lb/>tazione venga meſſo ſotto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1547" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div256" type="float" level="2" n="21"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0162-01" xlink:href="note-0162-01a" xml:space="preserve">4. Ilo-<lb/>xo Den-<lb/>telli.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0162-02" xlink:href="note-0162-02a" xml:space="preserve">5. 1 Io-<lb/>ro Mo <lb/>diglio-<lb/>ni.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1548" xml:space="preserve">Per queſta ſteſſa ragione gli <lb/>Antichi non approvarono i Mo-<lb/>diglioni ne’ Frontiſpicj, nè i <lb/>Dentelli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1549" xml:space="preserve">non volendo altro che <lb/>Cornici ſemplici; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1550" xml:space="preserve">perchè nè i <lb/>Canterj, nè i Moraletti poſſono <lb/>eſſere nella medeſima poſitura, <lb/>che vanno i Frontoni, a diritto <lb/>de’quali eſſi non poſſono uſcire; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1551" xml:space="preserve">ma ſoltanto verſo la Gronda, <lb/>alla quale eſſi propendono.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1552" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="117" file="0163" n="163" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1553" xml:space="preserve">Gli Acroterj ſono tre Piede-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0163-01a" xlink:href="note-0163-01"/> ſtalli, che vanno due ſu i can-<lb/>toni, ed uno nel mezzo del Fron-<lb/>tiſpicio per ſoſtentare delle Sta-<lb/>tue. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1554" xml:space="preserve">Quelli de’cantoni debbono <lb/>eſſere tanto alti, quanto è la me-<lb/>tà dell’altezza del Timpano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1555" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>quello di mezzo deve eſſere più <lb/>alto degli altri l’ottava parte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1556" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div257" type="float" level="2" n="22"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0163-01" xlink:href="note-0163-01a" xml:space="preserve">VII. Gli <lb/>ACRO-<lb/>terj.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1557" xml:space="preserve">Tutti i Membri, che ſaranno <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0163-02a" xlink:href="note-0163-02"/> poſti ſopra i Capitelli delle Co-<lb/>lonne, cioè a dire gli Architra-<lb/>vi, i Fregi, le Cornici, i Tim-<lb/>pani, e gli Acroterj, debbono <lb/>eſſere inclinati e pendenti in fuo-<lb/>ri la duodecima parte della loro <lb/>altezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1558" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div258" type="float" level="2" n="23"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0163-02" xlink:href="note-0163-02a" xml:space="preserve">Due re-<lb/>gole ge <lb/>nerali <lb/>per <lb/>tutti i <lb/>Mem-<lb/>bri d’ <lb/>Archi-<lb/>tettu-<lb/>ra. Eſſe <lb/>concer-<lb/>nono la <lb/>Incli-<lb/>nazio-<lb/>ne loro. <lb/>Il loro <lb/>ſporto.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1559" xml:space="preserve">Vi ha un’ altra regola genera-<lb/>le ancora; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1560" xml:space="preserve">ed è, che tutti i <lb/>Membri che ſportano in fuori, <lb/>debbon avere il loro ſporto egua-<lb/>le alla loro altezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1561" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="118" file="0164" n="164" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div260" type="section" level="1" n="66"> <head xml:id="echoid-head161" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quinto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head162" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Toſcano.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1562" xml:space="preserve">SI è già detto, che gli Edificj <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0164-01a" xlink:href="note-0164-01"/> hanno tre parti, le quali poſ-<lb/>ſono eſſere differenti ſecondo gli <lb/>Ordini diverſi, cioè le Colonne, <lb/>i Frontiſpicj e gli Antepagmenti <lb/>o ſian Erte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1563" xml:space="preserve">e che le Colonne <lb/>hanno tre parti, che ſonoil Pie-<lb/>deſtallo, il Fuſto della Colonna <lb/>e i ſuoi Ornamenti, cioè a dire <lb/>l’Architrave, il Fregio e la Cor-<lb/>nice.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1564" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div260" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0164-01" xlink:href="note-0164-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ordi-<lb/>ne To-<lb/>ſcano <lb/>conſiſte <lb/>nelle <lb/>propor <lb/>zioni.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1565" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione de’ Piedeſtalli, <lb/>e quella delle Porte e delle Erte <lb/>dell’ Ordine Toſcano in Vitruvio <lb/>non ſi ritrova.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1566" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1567" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione della Colonna <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0164-02a" xlink:href="note-0164-02"/> è tale, che la ſua groſſezza da <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0164-03a" xlink:href="note-0164-03"/> piedi deve eſſere la ſettima par-<lb/>te della ſua altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1568" xml:space="preserve">La ſua di-<lb/>minuzione di ſopra è della quar-<lb/>ta parte della groſsezza della Co- <pb o="119" file="0165" n="165" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> lonna da piedi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1569" xml:space="preserve">La Baſe ha di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0165-01a" xlink:href="note-0165-01"/> altezza la metà del diametro del-<lb/>la Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1570" xml:space="preserve">Il Plinto, o ſia Or-<lb/>lo, che debb’ eſſere rotondo, fa <lb/>la metà della Baſe, e l’altra me-<lb/>tà è per lo Toro da noi detto <lb/>Baſtone, e per quella parte che <lb/>ſi chiama Apofige, o ſia volgar-<lb/>mente la Cimbia e Collarino.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1571" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div261" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0164-02" xlink:href="note-0164-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. Della <lb/>Colon-<lb/>na, ch’è <lb/>compo-<lb/>ſta di <lb/>tre par <lb/>ti cioè, <lb/>1. Il <lb/>Fuſto.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0164-03" xlink:href="note-0164-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>C. 7.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0165-01" xlink:href="note-0165-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Baſe.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1572" xml:space="preserve">L’ altezza del Capitello è del-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0165-02a" xlink:href="note-0165-02"/> la metà del diametro della Co-<lb/>lonna da piedi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1573" xml:space="preserve">la larghezza dell’ <lb/>Abaco, o ſia Dado, è uguale a <lb/>tutto il diametro da baſso della <lb/>Colonna: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1574" xml:space="preserve">l’ altezza poi del Ca-<lb/>pitello ſi divide in tre parti, e <lb/>di queſte convien darne una al <lb/>Plinto che le ſerve di Dado, <lb/>l’ altra all’ Echino o ſia Ovolo, <lb/>e la terza alla Gola del Capitel-<lb/>lo, compreſovi l’ Aſtragalo o ſia <lb/>Tondino, e l’ Apofige o Cimbia, <lb/>che ſono immediatemente ſotto <lb/>all’ Ovolo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1575" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div262" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0165-02" xlink:href="note-0165-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. Il <lb/>Capi-<lb/>tello.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1576" xml:space="preserve">Sopra le Colonne convien po-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0165-03a" xlink:href="note-0165-03"/> ſare dei Moralli, o ſian Travi <pb o="120" file="0166" n="166" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> congiunte inſieme con chiavi o <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0166-01a" xlink:href="note-0166-01"/> arpioni fatti a coda di Rodi-<lb/>ne.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1577" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div263" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0165-03" xlink:href="note-0165-03a" xml:space="preserve">Il. Dell’ <lb/>Inta-<lb/>vola.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0166-01" xlink:href="note-0166-01a" xml:space="preserve">to, che <lb/>ha</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1578" xml:space="preserve">Queſti Moralli debbon eſſere <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0166-02a" xlink:href="note-0166-02"/> diſtanti l’ uno dall’ altro un dito <lb/>incirca; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1579" xml:space="preserve">perchè ſe ſi toccaſſero, <lb/>il legname ſi riſcalderebbe, e ſi <lb/>marcirebbe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1580" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div264" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0166-02" xlink:href="note-0166-02a" xml:space="preserve">I. Due <lb/>travi, <lb/>che <lb/>ſervonò <lb/>d’ Ar-<lb/>chitra-<lb/>ve.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1581" xml:space="preserve">Sopia i Moralli, che ſerviran-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0166-03a" xlink:href="note-0166-03"/> no di Architrave, ſi fabbricherà <lb/>un muretto, che farà le veci di <lb/>Fregio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1582" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div265" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0166-03" xlink:href="note-0166-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. Un <lb/>mure <lb/>to, che <lb/>terrà <lb/>luogo <lb/>di Fre-<lb/>gio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1583" xml:space="preserve">La Cornice, che ſi pofa ſopra <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0166-04a" xlink:href="note-0166-04"/> queſto muretto, o fiegio, ha de’ <lb/>Mutuli, o ſia Modiglioni, che <lb/>fanno ſporto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1584" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div266" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0166-04" xlink:href="note-0166-04a" xml:space="preserve">3 La <lb/>Corni-<lb/>ce che <lb/>ha è <lb/>Mutu-<lb/>li.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1585" xml:space="preserve">Tutto queſto coronamento avrà <lb/>la quarta parte dell’altezza della <lb/>Colonna: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1586" xml:space="preserve">i muretti poi, farti <lb/>tra l’ eſtremità de’ travi che deb-<lb/>bono poſare ſopra le Colonne, <lb/>ſaranno gueiniti e ricoperti con <lb/>tavole inchiodate fulle teſte del-<lb/>le travi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1587" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1588" xml:space="preserve">Il Frontiſpicio, che può eſſe-<lb/>re o di muro, o di legno, e <pb o="121" file="0167" n="167" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> che dee ſoſtenere il Colmello, <lb/>i Canterj e Tempiali, ha una <lb/>proporzione particolare: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1589" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>deve eſſere molto ſollevato, a <lb/>fine di dar alla gronda un pen-<lb/>dio ſufficiente per lo ſcolo dell’ <lb/>acque. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1590" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Tavola V.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1591" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div268" type="section" level="1" n="67"> <head xml:id="echoid-head163" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Sesto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head164" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Dorico.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1592" xml:space="preserve">LA Colonna Dorica ha avute <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0167-01a" xlink:href="note-0167-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0167-02a" xlink:href="note-0167-02"/> in diverſi tempi e in diffe-<lb/>renti Edificj proporzioni anche <lb/>differenti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1593" xml:space="preserve">avvegnachè nell’ ori-<lb/>gine ſua primiera, ella non avea <lb/>di altezza che ſei volte il ſuo <lb/>diametro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1594" xml:space="preserve">eſſendo ſtata preſa <lb/>queſta proporzione dall’ imita-<lb/>zione di quella del corpo umano, <lb/>nel quale la lunghezza del piede <lb/>è la ſeſta parte dell’ altezza di <lb/>tutto il corpo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1595" xml:space="preserve">In ſeguito poi <lb/>l’ altezza della Colonna ſu ſat- <pb o="122" file="0168" n="168" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ta di ſette diametri della groſ-<lb/>ſezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1596" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div268" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0167-01" xlink:href="note-0167-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4 <lb/>c. 1.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0167-02" xlink:href="note-0167-02a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Or-<lb/>dine <lb/>Dorico <lb/>conſiſte <lb/>nelle <lb/>propor-<lb/>zioni. <lb/>1. Della <lb/>Colon-<lb/>na, ch’è <lb/>ſtata <lb/>diffe-<lb/>rente <lb/>1. In di-<lb/>verſi <lb/>tempi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1597" xml:space="preserve">Ma queſta proporzione, ch’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0168-01a" xlink:href="note-0168-01"/> ebbero da principio le Colonne <lb/>de’ Templi, fu poi cangiata in <lb/>quella de’ Teatri, di cui ſi ac-<lb/>crebbe di un mezzo diametro l’ <lb/>altezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1598" xml:space="preserve">cioè a dire alle Colon-<lb/>ne ſi aſſegnarono quindici Modu-<lb/>li: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1599" xml:space="preserve">imperciocchè nell’ ordine Do-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0168-02a" xlink:href="note-0168-02"/> rico il ſemidiametro della Co-<lb/>lonna da piedi è il Modulo, che <lb/>negli altri Ordini è il diametro <lb/>intero.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1600" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div269" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0168-01" xlink:href="note-0168-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. In <lb/>opere <lb/>diffe-<lb/>renti.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0168-02" xlink:href="note-0168-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 9.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1601" xml:space="preserve">La Colonna Dorica è compo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0168-03a" xlink:href="note-0168-03"/> ſta come le altre, del Fuſto, <lb/>della Baſe e del Capitello; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1602" xml:space="preserve">tutto <lb/>che non ne parli punto Vitruvio <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0168-04a" xlink:href="note-0168-04"/> della Baſe: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1603" xml:space="preserve">dal che facil coſa è il <lb/>dedurre, che nelle Fabbtiche an-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0168-05a" xlink:href="note-0168-05"/> tiche queſt’ Ordine non ne aveſ-<lb/>ſe; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1604" xml:space="preserve">perchè in fatti vien detto, <lb/>che quando ſi volle rendere l’ <lb/>ordine Jonico più delicato del Do-<lb/>rico, vi ſi aggiunſe una Baſe; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1605" xml:space="preserve">e vedeſi ancora in alcuni avan- <pb o="123" file="0169" n="169" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> zi antichi delle Fabbriche di queſt’ <lb/>Ordine, che le Colonne non han-<lb/>no Baſe altrimente: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1606" xml:space="preserve">Ma quando <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0169-01a" xlink:href="note-0169-01"/> la ſi voglia fare, vi ſi mette la <lb/>baſe Attica, di cui la proporzion <lb/>è tale:</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1607" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div270" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0168-03" xlink:href="note-0168-03a" xml:space="preserve">Le par-<lb/>ri della <lb/>Colon-<lb/>na Do-<lb/>rica ſo-<lb/>no.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0168-04" xlink:href="note-0168-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. Il <lb/>Fuſto.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0168-05" xlink:href="note-0168-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Baſe, <lb/>ch’ella <lb/>non a-<lb/>vea an-<lb/>tica-<lb/>mente, e</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0169-01" xlink:href="note-0169-01a" xml:space="preserve">ch’ella <lb/>prende <lb/>dall’ <lb/>Ordine <lb/>Attico <lb/>di cui <lb/>la Baſe <lb/>ha cìn-<lb/>que <lb/>parti <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1608" xml:space="preserve">Tutta la Baſe deve aver un <lb/>Modulo d’altezza, cioè a dire la <lb/>metà del diametro della Colon-<lb/>na. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1609" xml:space="preserve">Queſto Modulo ſi divide in <lb/>tre parti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1610" xml:space="preserve">una ſe ne dà all’ al-<lb/>tezza del Plinto o ſia Orlo, il <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0169-02a" xlink:href="note-0169-02"/> reſtante ſi partirà in quattro, <lb/>una delle quali ſi darà al Toro <lb/>o ſia Baſtone di ſopra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1611" xml:space="preserve">le altre <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0169-03a" xlink:href="note-0169-03"/> tre ſi partiranno ancora in due <lb/>parti eguali, l’ una ſi darà al <lb/>Baſtone di ſotto, e l’ altra alla <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0169-04a" xlink:href="note-0169-04"/> Scozia o ſia Cavetto, con li ſuoi <lb/>Gradetti o Liſtelli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1612" xml:space="preserve">Queſta parte <lb/>poi del Cavetto ſi divide in ſei, <lb/>una delle quali ſi dà al Gradetto <lb/>di ſopra, l’ altra al Gradetto di <lb/>ſotto, e le altre quattro reſtano <lb/>al Cavetto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1613" xml:space="preserve">La larghezza di tut-<lb/>te le Baſi in generale è d’ un <pb o="124" file="0170" n="170" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> quarto di più per ogni lato del-<lb/>la groſſezza della Colonna da pie-<lb/>di: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1614" xml:space="preserve">ma tale ſporto è ecceſſivo, <lb/>e ſenza eſempio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1615" xml:space="preserve">e Vitruvio ſteſ-<lb/>ſo lo fa minore nella Baſe Jo-<lb/>nica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1616" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div271" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0169-02" xlink:href="note-0169-02a" xml:space="preserve">il Plin-<lb/>to,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0169-03" xlink:href="note-0169-03a" xml:space="preserve">il Ba-<lb/>ſtone <lb/>ſupe-<lb/>riore,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0169-04" xlink:href="note-0169-04a" xml:space="preserve">il Ba-<lb/>ſtone <lb/>infe-<lb/>riore, <lb/>la Sco-<lb/>zia, e <lb/>i Gra-<lb/>detti o <lb/>Liſtelli</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1617" xml:space="preserve">L’ altezza del Capitello è ſi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0170-01a" xlink:href="note-0170-01"/> milmente come quella della Ba-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0170-02a" xlink:href="note-0170-02"/> ſe, d’un Modulo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1618" xml:space="preserve">e la larghez-<lb/>za è di due Moduli e mezzo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1619" xml:space="preserve">Eſſendo poi l’ altezza del Capi-<lb/>tello diviſa in tre parti, una con-<lb/>vien darne al Plinto, o Dado <lb/>colla ſna Cimaſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1620" xml:space="preserve">L’altra, è per <lb/>l’ Echino, o ſia Ovolo co’ ſuoi <lb/>Anelletti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1621" xml:space="preserve">e la terza appartiene <lb/>alla Gola del Capitello.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1622" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div272" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0170-01" xlink:href="note-0170-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0170-02" xlink:href="note-0170-02a" xml:space="preserve">2. Il <lb/>Capi-<lb/>tello, <lb/>che ha <lb/>quattro <lb/>parti, <lb/>cioè <lb/>ilDado. <lb/>l’Ovo <lb/>lo, gli <lb/>Anellet, <lb/>ti, ela <lb/>Gola.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1623" xml:space="preserve">L’ Architrave, il quale com-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0170-03a" xlink:href="note-0170-03"/> prende la ſua Benda o ſia Faſcia, <lb/>colle Goccie che ſono ſotto i <lb/>Triglifi, è parimente, come il <lb/>Capitello, d’ un Modulo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1624" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>Benda o Faſcia è per la ſettima <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0170-04a" xlink:href="note-0170-04"/> parte di un Modulo, e le Goccie <lb/>colla loro Regoletta, debbo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0170-05a" xlink:href="note-0170-05"/> no pendere la ſeſta parte d’ un <pb o="125" file="0171" n="171" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> Modulo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1625" xml:space="preserve">La larghezza della par-<lb/>te di ſotto dell’ Architrave, cioè <lb/>il piano di ſotto che ſi poſa ſopra <lb/>il Capitello, debb’ eſſer uguale <lb/>alla larghezza o ſia al vivo del-<lb/>la Colonna di ſopra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1626" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div273" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0170-03" xlink:href="note-0170-03a" xml:space="preserve">II. Dell’ <lb/>Archi-<lb/>trave, <lb/>che ha <lb/>due <lb/>parti, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0170-04" xlink:href="note-0170-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>Benda.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0170-05" xlink:href="note-0170-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. Le <lb/>Goccie.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1627" xml:space="preserve">Sopra l’ Architrave vi è il Fre-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0171-01a" xlink:href="note-0171-01"/> gio, e in queſto convien diſpor-<lb/>re a giuſta diſtanza i Triglifi, e <lb/>le Metope. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1628" xml:space="preserve">I Triglifi hanno un <lb/>modulo e mezzo d’ altezza, ed <lb/>uno di larghezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1629" xml:space="preserve">le Metope ſo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0171-02a" xlink:href="note-0171-02"/> no tanto alte, quanto larghe. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1630" xml:space="preserve">Biſogna collocare un Triglifo che <lb/>riferiſca a dirittura ſul vivo di <lb/>ciaſcheduna Colonna, e nell’ in-<lb/>tercolunnio di mezzo ne debbo-<lb/>no eſſere tre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1631" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſu le cantona-<lb/>te, o angoli che ſiano vi ſi vo-<lb/>gliono Semimetope, ovvero ſo-<lb/>lamente parti di Metope.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1632" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div274" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0171-01" xlink:href="note-0171-01a" xml:space="preserve">III. <lb/>Del <lb/>Fregio, <lb/>ch’e di-<lb/>vifo in <lb/>due <lb/>parti <lb/>cioè.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0171-02" xlink:href="note-0171-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. Le <lb/>Meto-<lb/>pe.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1633" xml:space="preserve">La larghezza del Triglifo ſi di-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0171-03a" xlink:href="note-0171-03"/> viderà in ſei parti, e di queſte <lb/>ſe ne laſcia mezza parte per ban-<lb/>da per li Mezzi-Canali, dopo i <lb/>quali ſe ne laſcia una parte per <pb o="126" file="0172" n="172" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> banda, ed un’ altra nel mezzo <lb/>per li tre Pianuzzi, che Vitru-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0172-01a" xlink:href="note-0172-01"/> vio chiama Femora, vale a dire <lb/>Gambe o Coſcie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1634" xml:space="preserve">e le due che <lb/>ſono una per banda tra le Gambe, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0172-02a" xlink:href="note-0172-02"/> ſi laſciano ai due Canali che ſo-<lb/>no intieri, e che verranno in-<lb/>tagliati in modo, che l’ Angolo <lb/>della Squadra v’entri nel mezzo, <lb/>e le braccia della ſquadra fac-<lb/>ciano le ſponde. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1635" xml:space="preserve">Il Capitello del <lb/>Triglifo debbe avere la ſeſta par-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0172-03a" xlink:href="note-0172-03"/> te d’un Modulo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1636" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div275" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0171-03" xlink:href="note-0171-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. ITri-<lb/>gliſi, <lb/>che <lb/>hanno <lb/>quattro <lb/>parti, <lb/>cioè <lb/>Mezzi-<lb/>Canali,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0172-01" xlink:href="note-0172-01a" xml:space="preserve">Pianuz <lb/>zi, o <lb/>Gam-<lb/>be,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0172-02" xlink:href="note-0172-02a" xml:space="preserve">Canali,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0172-03" xlink:href="note-0172-03a" xml:space="preserve">Capi-<lb/>telli.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1637" xml:space="preserve">Sopra il Capitello del Trigli-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0172-04a" xlink:href="note-0172-04"/> fo poſa il Corniccione, o ſia Goc-<lb/>ciolatojo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1638" xml:space="preserve">Il ſuo ſporto è d’ un <lb/>mezzo modulo, e d’ una ſeſta <lb/>parte di modulo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1639" xml:space="preserve">l’ altezza ſua è <lb/>d’ un mezzo modulo, compreſa <lb/>la Cimaſa Dorica, che ha di ſo-<lb/>pra, e quella che ha di ſotto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1640" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div276" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0172-04" xlink:href="note-0172-04a" xml:space="preserve">IV. Del-<lb/>la Cor-<lb/>nice, <lb/>che ha <lb/>cinque <lb/>parti a <lb/>lei par-<lb/>ticola-<lb/>ri, cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1641" xml:space="preserve">Sotto il piano della Cornice, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0172-05a" xlink:href="note-0172-05"/> alla parte che guarda in giù e <lb/>ſporta in fuori, convien ſcavare e <lb/>partire le dritture delle vie, che <lb/>corriſpondano a piombo ai lati <pb o="127" file="0173" n="173" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> de’ Triglifi, e al mezzo delle <lb/>Metope.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1642" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div277" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0172-05" xlink:href="note-0172-05a" xml:space="preserve">1. Vite <lb/>dritte.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1643" xml:space="preserve">Similmente a dritto dei Tri-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0173-01a" xlink:href="note-0173-01"/> glifi ſi ſcolpiſcono delle Goccie <lb/>al numero di nove; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1644" xml:space="preserve">delle quali <lb/>la diſtribuzione debb’ eſſer tale, <lb/>che ve ne abbia ſei per lunghez-<lb/>za, e tre per larghezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1645" xml:space="preserve">Negli <lb/>ſpazj poi che ſono a diritto delle <lb/>Metope, perchè ſono eſſi più <lb/>grandi di quelli, che ſono a di-<lb/>ritto dei Triglifi, non vi ſarà <lb/>intaglio di ſorte alcuna, ſalvo <lb/>che per avventura de’ Fulmini, <lb/>o ſia di quelle fiamme co’ dardi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0173-02a" xlink:href="note-0173-02"/> che ſi uſavano anticamente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1646" xml:space="preserve">Di <lb/>piò verſo l’orlo della corona con-<lb/>verrà intagliare una Scozia, o ſia <lb/>Cavetto. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1647" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0173-03a" xlink:href="note-0173-03"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div278" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0173-01" xlink:href="note-0173-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Goe-<lb/>cie.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0173-02" xlink:href="note-0173-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. Qna-<lb/>dri <lb/>con <lb/>Fulmi-<lb/>ni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0173-03" xlink:href="note-0173-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. Una <lb/>Scozia</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1648" xml:space="preserve">Alcuni fanno avanzar a piom-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0173-04a" xlink:href="note-0173-04"/> bo al di ſopra de’Triglifi le teſte <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0173-05a" xlink:href="note-0173-05"/> dei Canterj per formare i Mutu-<lb/>li, o Modiglioni, che ſoſtengo-<lb/>no le Cornici, di maniera che <lb/>ſiccome dalla diſpoſizione delle <lb/>Travi è venuta l’ invenzione de’ <pb o="128" file="0174" n="174" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> Triglifi, così dai ſporti de’ Can-<lb/>terj è ſtata ritrovata la ragione <lb/>della diſpoſizione de’Modiglioni, <lb/>che ſoſtengono le Cornici. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1649" xml:space="preserve">Ve-<lb/>daſi la Tavola VI.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1650" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div279" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0173-04" xlink:href="note-0173-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0173-05" xlink:href="note-0173-05a" xml:space="preserve">5. Mu-<lb/>tuli.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div281" type="section" level="1" n="68"> <head xml:id="echoid-head165" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Settimo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head166" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Jonico.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1651" xml:space="preserve">PRima di parlare della propor-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0174-01a" xlink:href="note-0174-01"/> zione delle Colonne dell’ Or-<lb/>dine Jonico, par certo conde-<lb/>cente coſa che tagioniamo del <lb/>Piedeſtallo, giacchè nell’ Arti-<lb/>colo IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1652" xml:space="preserve">del Capitolo IV. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1653" xml:space="preserve">di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0174-02a" xlink:href="note-0174-02"/> queſto noſtro Libro abbiamo oſ-<lb/>ſervato eſſer queſta una delle coſe <lb/>che ſono comuni a molti Ordi-<lb/>ni, perchè alcune volte ſi po-<lb/>ne ſotto alle Colonne per ele-<lb/>varle con grazia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1654" xml:space="preserve">Ben è vero <lb/>che, come abbiamo notato ncgli <lb/>Articoli ſeguenti, in Vitruvio <lb/>non ſi dauno Piedeſtalli da ſe e <pb o="129" file="0175" n="175" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſeparati dal baſamento della fab-<lb/>brica, nè alle opere Toſcane, <lb/>nè alle Doriche; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1655" xml:space="preserve">ma per l’ Or-<lb/>dine Jonico, Corintio e Com-<lb/>poſto ſi truovano ſe non altro <lb/>le proporzioni generali, o ſia le <lb/>miſure delle parti principali che <lb/>compongono il Piedeſtallo, le qua-<lb/>li in ciaſcheduno de’ ſopraddet-<lb/>ti Ordini vengono a ſtare qua-<lb/>ſi le medeſime; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1656" xml:space="preserve">raccogliendo-<lb/>ſi queſte dal Libro terzo e dal <lb/>Libro quinto, dove egli ragio-<lb/>na del Poggio della Scena. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1657" xml:space="preserve">Di-<lb/>verſe per tanto ſono nell’ Ar-<lb/>chitettura le miſure de’ Piede-<lb/>ſtalli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1658" xml:space="preserve">ma tutte però ſi cava-<lb/>no dall’ altezza della Colonna <lb/>compreſa la ſua Baſe e Capitel-<lb/>lo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1659" xml:space="preserve">perchè altri ſono la terza <lb/>parte, altri la quarta, altri ſo-<lb/>no d’ una quarta e mezza, ed <lb/>altri d’ una quinta parte della <lb/>Colonna: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1660" xml:space="preserve">e queſta diverſità na-<lb/>ſce dalle diverſe intenzioni con <lb/>cui l’ Architteto ſupplir vuole al- <pb o="130" file="0176" n="176" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> la grandezza e bellezza delle Fab-<lb/>briche.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1661" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div281" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0174-01" xlink:href="note-0174-01a" xml:space="preserve">I’ Or-<lb/>dineJo-<lb/>nico <lb/>conſiſte <lb/>nelle <lb/>propor-<lb/>zioni.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0174-02" xlink:href="note-0174-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. del <lb/>Piede-<lb/>ſtallo, <lb/>le cui <lb/>parti <lb/>princi <lb/>pali che <lb/>in eſſo <lb/>ſi con-<lb/>ſidera-<lb/>no, ſo-<lb/>no.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1662" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio però fa il Piedeſtallo <lb/>dell’ altezza d’un terzo della Co-<lb/>lonna, e gli aſſegna le propor-<lb/>zioni ſeguenti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1663" xml:space="preserve">L’ altezza tutta <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-01a" xlink:href="note-0176-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-02a" xlink:href="note-0176-02"/> del Piedeſtallo ſarà diviſa in otto <lb/>parti: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1664" xml:space="preserve">una di queſte ſi dà agli <lb/>ornamenti o membrelli di ſopra, <lb/>che ſono come il Capitello o Ci-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-03a" xlink:href="note-0176-03"/> maſa del Piedeſtallo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1665" xml:space="preserve">due ſi dan-<lb/>no alla ſua Baſe: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1666" xml:space="preserve">il reſto al Da-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-04a" xlink:href="note-0176-04"/> do o ſia al Tronco di mezzo, il <lb/>quale deve eſſer largo quanto è <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-05a" xlink:href="note-0176-05"/> largo il Zocco della Baſe della <lb/>Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1667" xml:space="preserve">La Baſe poi del Pie-<lb/>deſtallo ſi divide in tre parti, e <lb/>di queſte, due ſi danno al Zoc-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-06a" xlink:href="note-0176-06"/> co, e l’altra alle altre parti che <lb/>vi ſono di ſopra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1668" xml:space="preserve">Si vegga la Ta-<lb/>vola VII.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1669" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div282" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-01" xlink:href="note-0176-01a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>ſua al-<lb/>tezza,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0176-02" xlink:href="note-0176-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib, 3. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-03" xlink:href="note-0176-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. Il ſuo <lb/>Capi-<lb/>tello,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-04" xlink:href="note-0176-04a" xml:space="preserve">3. La <lb/>ſua Ba-<lb/>ſe,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-05" xlink:href="note-0176-05a" xml:space="preserve">4. Il ſuo <lb/>Dado,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-06" xlink:href="note-0176-06a" xml:space="preserve">5. Il ſuo <lb/>Zocco.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1670" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione delle Colonne <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-07a" xlink:href="note-0176-07"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-08a" xlink:href="note-0176-08"/> dell’ Ordine Jonico ſul principio <lb/>era queſta: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1671" xml:space="preserve">cioè ch’ ella doveſſe <lb/>avere di altezza otto moduli, o <lb/>ſia otto delle ſue groſſezze. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1672" xml:space="preserve">Ma <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0176-09a" xlink:href="note-0176-09"/> <pb o="131" file="0177" n="177" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> gli Antichi vi aggiunſero ben pre-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0177-01a" xlink:href="note-0177-01"/> ſto una mezza groſſezza, allor-<lb/>chè per far riuſcire la Colonna <lb/>Jonica più bella della Dorica, <lb/>non ſolamente per via della ſua <lb/>altezza, ma ancora per via de’ <lb/>ſuoi ornamenti, vi ſottopoſero <lb/>la Baſe, la quale non era ſtata <lb/>ancora mai in uſo nell’ Ordine <lb/>Dorico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1673" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div283" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-07" xlink:href="note-0176-07a" xml:space="preserve">Il. Del-<lb/>la Co-<lb/>lonna <lb/>che ha <lb/>tre par-<lb/>ti, cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0176-08" xlink:href="note-0176-08a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. <lb/>c. 1.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0176-09" xlink:href="note-0176-09a" xml:space="preserve">3. Il Fu-<lb/>ſto, di</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0177-01" xlink:href="note-0177-01a" xml:space="preserve">cui le <lb/>propor-<lb/>zioni <lb/>ſono <lb/>ſtate <lb/>diffe-<lb/>renti <lb/>in di-<lb/>verſi <lb/>tempi,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1674" xml:space="preserve">Le Colonne debbono ripoſare <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0177-02a" xlink:href="note-0177-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0177-03a" xlink:href="note-0177-03"/> ſopra le Baſi loro in due manie-<lb/>re. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1675" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè tal volta vi deb-<lb/>bono ſtare a piombo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1676" xml:space="preserve">tal volta <lb/>poſar vi debbono fuori di piom-<lb/>bo, come ſarebbe quelle Colon-<lb/>ne, che ſono di fuori, quando <lb/>ve ne abbia più di una fila. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1677" xml:space="preserve">Poi-<lb/>chè biſogna, che la parte della <lb/>Colonna, la quale riguarda al di <lb/>dentro verſo il muro dell’ Edifi-<lb/>zio, ſia a piombo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1678" xml:space="preserve">e che quell’ <lb/>altra, la quale è al di fuori, ab-<lb/>bia tutta la Diminuzione, e che <lb/>ſia inclinata verſo il muro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1679" xml:space="preserve">Le <lb/>Colonne poi, che ſono nella par- <pb o="132" file="0178" n="178" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> te interiore de’ Portici, e che <lb/>ſtanno tra il muro e la colon-<lb/>na eſteriore, debbono eſſer a <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0178-01a" xlink:href="note-0178-01"/> piombo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1680" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div284" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0177-02" xlink:href="note-0177-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0177-03" xlink:href="note-0177-03a" xml:space="preserve">e che <lb/>poſa <lb/>ſopra <lb/>la Baſe <lb/>ſua in <lb/>due <lb/>manie-<lb/>re, cioè <lb/>Fuori <lb/>di pi-<lb/>ombo,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0178-01" xlink:href="note-0178-01a" xml:space="preserve">A piom-<lb/>bo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1681" xml:space="preserve">La larghezza della Baſe Joni-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0178-02a" xlink:href="note-0178-02"/> ca è del diametro della Colonna, <lb/>e di più tanto quanto è un quar-<lb/>to ed un ottavo del detto diame-<lb/>tro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1682" xml:space="preserve">La di lei altezza è per la <lb/>metà del diametro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1683" xml:space="preserve">e queſta al-<lb/>tezza diviſa che ſia in tre parti, <lb/>ſe ne darà una al Plinto o pur <lb/>Orlo che vogliam dirlo, poi di-<lb/>viſo il reſtante in ſette parti, tre <lb/>di queſte ſe ne aſſegneranno al <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0178-03a" xlink:href="note-0178-03"/> Toro o Baſtone di ſopra: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1684" xml:space="preserve">indi <lb/>partendo ugualmente le quattro <lb/>che reſtano, le due più alte ſa-<lb/>ranno per la Scozia o Cavetto di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0178-04a" xlink:href="note-0178-04"/> ſopra col ſuo Aſtragalo o Tondi-<lb/>no; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1685" xml:space="preserve">e le due piu baſſe ſerviranno <lb/>per la Scozia o Cavetto di ſotto, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0178-05a" xlink:href="note-0178-05"/> che apparirà più grande di quello <lb/>di ſopra, a motivo ch’ eſſo ſpor-<lb/>terà ſino all’eſtremo dell’ Orlo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1686" xml:space="preserve">Gli Aſtragali o Tondini debbono <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0178-06a" xlink:href="note-0178-06"/> <pb o="133" file="0179" n="179" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> avere l’ottava parte della Scozia, <lb/>lo ſporto della quale ſarà dell’ ot-<lb/>tava parte di tutta la Baſe unita <lb/>alla ſeſtadecima parte del diame-<lb/>tro della Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1687" xml:space="preserve">Si veda la Ta-<lb/>vola VIII.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1688" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div285" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0178-02" xlink:href="note-0178-02a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Baſe, <lb/>nella <lb/>quale ſi <lb/>conſide-<lb/>rano le <lb/>propor-<lb/>zioni <lb/>delle <lb/>ſue par-<lb/>ti, che <lb/>ſono <lb/>Il Plin-<lb/>to,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0178-03" xlink:href="note-0178-03a" xml:space="preserve">Il Toro,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0178-04" xlink:href="note-0178-04a" xml:space="preserve">La Sco-<lb/>zia ſu-<lb/>periore,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0178-05" xlink:href="note-0178-05a" xml:space="preserve">La Sco-<lb/>zia in-<lb/>feriore, <lb/>e</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0178-06" xlink:href="note-0178-06a" xml:space="preserve">Gli A-<lb/>ſtraga-<lb/>li.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1689" xml:space="preserve">Per quello che concerne il Ca-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0179-01a" xlink:href="note-0179-01"/> pitello, biſogna, che il Taglie-<lb/>re o Dado, dagli Antichi detto <lb/>Abaco, ſia tanto lungo e largo <lb/>quanto la groſſezza del piede del-<lb/>la Colonna, aggiuntavi una di-<lb/>ciotteſima parte: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1690" xml:space="preserve">la metà poi del <lb/>Dado debb’ eſſere l’ altezza del <lb/>Capitello, compreſo però il giro <lb/>della Voluta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1691" xml:space="preserve">Ma dall’ angolo del <lb/>Dado convien ritirarſi indentro <lb/>in ciaſcheduna Facciata dove ſo-<lb/>no le Volute, una dodiceſima <lb/>parte e mezza di queſt’ altezza <lb/>del Capitello; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1692" xml:space="preserve">e di là tirar delle <lb/>linee perpendicolari, che ſi chia-<lb/>mano Cateti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1693" xml:space="preserve">e di poi dividere <lb/>tutta la groſſezza del Capitello in <lb/>nove parti e mezza, e di queſte <lb/>laſciarne una e mezza per la groſ- <pb o="134" file="0180" n="180" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ſezza del Dado, a fin di fare le <lb/>Volute dell’ altre otto, che ſo-<lb/>pravanzano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1694" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div286" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0179-01" xlink:href="note-0179-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. Il <lb/>Capi-<lb/>tello, <lb/>le cui <lb/>parti <lb/>ſono, <lb/>il Da-<lb/>do,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1695" xml:space="preserve">Allora avendo laſciate ſotto il <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0180-01a" xlink:href="note-0180-01"/> Dado quattro parti e mezza di <lb/>queſte otto, convien tirar una li-<lb/>nea in quel ſito che taglia per <lb/>traverſo le due, e i punti del ta-<lb/>glio ſaranno i centri degli Occhi, <lb/>i quali avranno di diametro una <lb/>delle otto parti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1696" xml:space="preserve">Nella metà del-<lb/>lo ſpazio dell’ Occhio ſaranno col-<lb/>locati i centri, da’ quali ſi tirerà <lb/>col compaſſo la linea ſpirale del-<lb/>la Voluta, cominciando in alto <lb/>da ſotto al Dado, e andando nei <lb/>quattro ſuoi quarti diminuendo, <lb/>fino a tanto che ſiaſi arrivato a <lb/>dritto del primo quarto, ed aſ-<lb/>ſegnando a ciaſchedun quarto un <lb/>centro particolare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1697" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div287" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0180-01" xlink:href="note-0180-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le Vo-<lb/>lute,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1698" xml:space="preserve">Nel rimanente biſogna, che <lb/>la groſſezza di tutto il Capitello <lb/>ſia diviſa in maniera, che di <lb/>nove parti e mezza, ch’ella con-<lb/>tiene, la Voluta penda della lar- <pb o="135" file="0181" n="181" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ghezza di tre parti più in giù <lb/>da dove comincia l’ Aſtragalo o <lb/>Tondino della Colonna di ſopra, <lb/>il quale dee paſſare per il centro <lb/>dell’ Occhio della Voluta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1699" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1700" xml:space="preserve">Il reſto ch’ è al diſopra dell’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0181-01a" xlink:href="note-0181-01"/> Aſtragalo, debb’ eſſer impiegato <lb/>nel Dado, nel Canale, e nell’ <lb/>Echino ovver Ovolo, il di cui <lb/>ſporto oltre il quadrato del Dado <lb/>debb’ eſſer della grandezza dell’ <lb/>Occhio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1701" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div288" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0181-01" xlink:href="note-0181-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ E-<lb/>chino,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1702" xml:space="preserve">Il Canale aver dee d’incavatu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0181-02a" xlink:href="note-0181-02"/> ra la dodiceſima parte della ſua <lb/>larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1703" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div289" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0181-02" xlink:href="note-0181-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il Ca-<lb/>nale,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1704" xml:space="preserve">La Cinta della parte laterale <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0181-03a" xlink:href="note-0181-03"/> del Capitello, dee ſportar fuori <lb/>del Dado tanto, quanto v’ ha di <lb/>ſporto dal centro dell’ Occhio ſi-<lb/>no alla eſtremità dello ſporto dell’ <lb/>Ovolo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1705" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div290" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0181-03" xlink:href="note-0181-03a" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>Cinta.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1706" xml:space="preserve">La groſſezza dell’ Aſſe delle <lb/>Volute, o ſia la groſſezza della <lb/>Voluta veduta per fianco, e che <lb/>fa ciò, che chiamaſi volgarmente <lb/>il Balauſtro, non dee punto ec- <pb o="136" file="0182" n="182" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> cedere il diametro dell’ Occhio. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1707" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Tavola IX.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1708" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1709" xml:space="preserve">Queſte proporzioni però del <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0182-01a" xlink:href="note-0182-01"/> Capitello Jonico ſervono ſolamen-<lb/>te per le Colonne di quindici <lb/>piedi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1710" xml:space="preserve">ma le Colonne che ſo-<lb/>no più grandi, ne ricercano d’ <lb/>altre: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1711" xml:space="preserve">e parlando generalmente, <lb/>convien accreſcer le grandezze <lb/>delle proporzioni a miſura che <lb/>la Colonna è più grande, per <lb/>quella ragione ſteſſa, per cui ſi <lb/>è già detto, che tanto meno ſi <lb/>hanno a diminuire le Colonne, <lb/>quanto ſono eſſe più alte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1712" xml:space="preserve">Così <lb/>quando le Colonne ſaranno alte <lb/>ſopra quindici piedi, converrà <lb/>aggiugnere, per cagion d’ eſem-<lb/>pio, una nona parte al diame-<lb/>tro della Colonna per formar la <lb/>larghezza del Dado, al quale non <lb/>ſi aggiugne che una diciotteſima <lb/>parte nelle Colonne di piedi quin-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0182-02a" xlink:href="note-0182-02"/> dici.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1713" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div291" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-01" xlink:href="note-0182-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le pro-<lb/>poreio-<lb/>ni del <lb/>Capi-<lb/>tello <lb/>Jorico <lb/>debbo-<lb/>no eſſe-<lb/>re dif-<lb/>ferenti <lb/>nelle <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne <lb/>grandi <lb/>da quel-<lb/>le delle <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne pic-<lb/>cole.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0182-02" xlink:href="note-0182-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il. Dell’ <lb/>Archi-<lb/>trave, <lb/>in cui-<lb/>convien</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1714" xml:space="preserve">Gli Architravi poſeranno ſo-<lb/>pra le Colonne con degli ſporti <pb o="137" file="0183" n="183" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> eguali a quelli de’ Piedeſtalli, in <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0183-01a" xlink:href="note-0183-01"/> caſo che non ſieno tutti della me-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0183-02a" xlink:href="note-0183-02"/> deſima groſſezza, ma a maniera <lb/>di Sgabelli, a fin di far ſpiccare <lb/>la Simmetria.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1715" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div292" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0183-01" xlink:href="note-0183-01a" xml:space="preserve">conſie <lb/>derare</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0183-02" xlink:href="note-0183-02a" xml:space="preserve">1 Il <lb/>rappor-<lb/>to, che <lb/>aver <lb/>debbe <lb/>ai Pic-<lb/>deſtal-<lb/>li, eal-<lb/>la diffeo <lb/>rente <lb/>altezza <lb/>delle <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1716" xml:space="preserve">La loro altezza debb’eſſer dif-<lb/>ferente a proporzione dell’ altez-<lb/>za della Colonna: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1717" xml:space="preserve">perciocchè ſe <lb/>la Colonna è alta dai dodici ai <lb/>quindici piedi, l’ Architrave ſarà <lb/>alto per la metà del diametro <lb/>della Colonna da piedi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1718" xml:space="preserve">s’ ella è <lb/>dai piedi quindici ai venti, ſi di-<lb/>viderà in quindici parti l’ altezza <lb/>della Colonna, e ſe ne darà una <lb/>parte all’ Architrave: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1719" xml:space="preserve">parimente <lb/>s’ ella è dai venti ai venticinque, <lb/>tal’ altezza ſarà diviſa in parti do-<lb/>dici e mezza, e l’ Architrave ſa-<lb/>rà alto quanto una parte di que-<lb/>ſte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1720" xml:space="preserve">e così a proporzione facciaſi <lb/>nell’ altre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1721" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1722" xml:space="preserve">L’ Architrave debbe avere nel-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0183-03a" xlink:href="note-0183-03"/> la parte di ſotto che poſa ſo-<lb/>pra il Capitello, tanto di lar- <pb o="138" file="0184" n="184" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ghezza quanto la Colonna di ſo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0184-01a" xlink:href="note-0184-01"/> pra ne ha ſotto il Capitello.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1723" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div293" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0183-03" xlink:href="note-0183-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>ſua lar-<lb/>ghezza <lb/>nella <lb/>parte</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0184-01" xlink:href="note-0184-01a" xml:space="preserve">di ſot-<lb/>to.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1724" xml:space="preserve">Lo ſporto della Cimaſa dell’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0184-02a" xlink:href="note-0184-02"/> Architrave dee corriſpondere al-<lb/>la groſſezza da piedi della Co-<lb/>lonna, e l’ altezza di queſta Ci-<lb/>maſa debb’ eſſere la ſettima par-<lb/>te dell’ altezza di tutto l’ Archi-<lb/>trave.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1725" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div294" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0184-02" xlink:href="note-0184-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. Lo <lb/>ſporto, <lb/>c l’ al-<lb/>tezza <lb/>della <lb/>Cima-<lb/>ſa.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1726" xml:space="preserve">Il reſtante ch’è ſotto la Cima-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0184-03a" xlink:href="note-0184-03"/> ſa ſi divide in dodici parti, e di <lb/>queſte convien aſſegnarne tre al-<lb/>la prima Faſcia diſotto, quattto <lb/>alla ſeconda di mezzo, e cinque <lb/>alla terza di ſopra ſu di cui ſta <lb/>la Cimaſa.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1727" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div295" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0184-03" xlink:href="note-0184-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. L’ al-<lb/>tezza <lb/>delle <lb/>ſue Fa-<lb/>ſcie.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1728" xml:space="preserve">Il Fregio deve eſſer un quarto <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0184-04a" xlink:href="note-0184-04"/> men alto dell’ altezza dell’ Archi-<lb/>trave con la ſua Cimaſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1729" xml:space="preserve">ſe pu-<lb/>re non vi ſi voglia intagliare qual-<lb/>che coſa: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1730" xml:space="preserve">poichè allora, accioc-<lb/>chè ſi goda l’ intaglio, e che la <lb/>ſcultura abbia miglior garbo, do-<lb/>vrà il Fregio eſſer un quarto più <lb/>alto dell’ Architrave.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1731" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div296" type="float" level="2" n="16"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0184-04" xlink:href="note-0184-04a" xml:space="preserve">III. Del <lb/>Fregio.</note> </div> <pb o="139" file="0185" n="185" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1732" xml:space="preserve">Sopra il Fregio converrà fare <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0185-01a" xlink:href="note-0185-01"/> una Cimaſa, alta la ſettima par-<lb/>re del Fregio, ed avrà lo ſporto <lb/>uguale alla ſua altezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1733" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div297" type="float" level="2" n="17"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0185-01" xlink:href="note-0185-01a" xml:space="preserve">IV. Del-<lb/>la Cor-<lb/>nice, le <lb/>cui par-<lb/>ti ſono, <lb/>1. La <lb/>prima <lb/>la Ci-<lb/>maſa. <lb/>2. Il <lb/>Dentel-<lb/>lo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1734" xml:space="preserve">Il Dentello che ſta ſopra que-<lb/>ſta Cimaſa, ſarà dell’ altezza del-<lb/>la Faſcia di mezzo dell’ Architra-<lb/>ve, con uno ſporto anch’ egli <lb/>uguale alla ſua altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1735" xml:space="preserve">Il taglio <lb/>poi o ſia la ſeparazione dei Den-<lb/>telli eſſer dee fatto in tal manie-<lb/>ra, che la larghezza di ciaſche-<lb/>dun Dentello ſia per la metà del-<lb/>la ſua altezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1736" xml:space="preserve">e che il cavo del <lb/>taglio cioè lo ſpazio che v’ è tra <lb/>un Dentello e l’ altro, che anche <lb/>Metopa ſi chiama, abbia due ter-<lb/>zi della larghezza dello ſteſſo Den-<lb/>tello.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1737" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1738" xml:space="preserve">La Cimaſa che va ſopra il Den-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0185-02a" xlink:href="note-0185-02"/> tello, avrà un terzo dell’ altezza <lb/>del Dentello medeſimo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1739" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div298" type="float" level="2" n="18"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0185-02" xlink:href="note-0185-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. La <lb/>ſeconda <lb/>Cima-<lb/>ſa.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1740" xml:space="preserve">La Corona o Cornice colla ſua <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0185-03a" xlink:href="note-0185-03"/> Cimacieta ſarà alta quanto la <lb/>Faſcia di mezzo dell’ Architra-<lb/>ve.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1741" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div299" type="float" level="2" n="19"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0185-03" xlink:href="note-0185-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. La <lb/>Corona <lb/>colla <lb/>ſua Ci-<lb/>macie-<lb/>ta.</note> </div> <pb o="140" file="0186" n="186" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1742" xml:space="preserve">La Cimaſa grande debbe aver <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0186-01a" xlink:href="note-0186-01"/> d’ altezza una ottava parte di più <lb/>dell’ altezza della Corona, Corni-<lb/>ce o Gocciolatojo che vogliamo <lb/>chiamarlo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1743" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div300" type="float" level="2" n="20"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-01" xlink:href="note-0186-01a" xml:space="preserve">5. La <lb/>Cimaſa <lb/>grande,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1744" xml:space="preserve">Lo ſporto di tutta la Corni-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0186-02a" xlink:href="note-0186-02"/> ce, compreſo il Dentello, deb-<lb/>be eſſer uguale allo ſpazio che <lb/>v’ è dal Fregio fino al di ſopra <lb/>della Cimaſa grande. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1745" xml:space="preserve">E in gene-<lb/>rale, tutti gli ſporti avranno <lb/>molto miglior grazia, quando ſa-<lb/>ranno uguali all’ altezza de’ mem-<lb/>bri ſportanti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1746" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Tavola <lb/>VIII.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1747" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div301" type="float" level="2" n="21"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0186-02" xlink:href="note-0186-02a" xml:space="preserve">Propor-<lb/>zion ge-<lb/>nerale <lb/>di tutti <lb/>gli <lb/>ſporti.</note> </div> <pb o="141" file="0187" n="187" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div303" type="section" level="1" n="69"> <head xml:id="echoid-head167" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Ottavo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head168" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Corintio.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1748" xml:space="preserve">LE Colonne dell’ Ordine Co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0187-01a" xlink:href="note-0187-01"/> rintio non hanno neſſun’ al-<lb/>tra proporzione che ſia diverſa <lb/>dalle Joniche, ſalvo che nel Ca-<lb/>pitello, di cui l’ altezza fa, ch’ <lb/>eſſe appariſcano più gentili, e <lb/>più alte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1749" xml:space="preserve">Gli altri Membri, co-<lb/>me l’ Architrave, il Fregio e la <lb/>Cornice pigliano le loro propor-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0187-02a" xlink:href="note-0187-02"/> zioni dall’ Ordine Dorico, e dal <lb/>Jonico, nulla avendo di partico-<lb/>lare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1750" xml:space="preserve">Poichè i Modiglioni Corin-<lb/>tj ſono ad imitazione de’ Mutoli <lb/>dell’ Ordine Dorico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1751" xml:space="preserve">e i Dentelli <lb/>ſono preſi dal Jonico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1752" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div303" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0187-01" xlink:href="note-0187-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Or-<lb/>dine <lb/>Corin-<lb/>tie non <lb/>è diffe-<lb/>rente <lb/>dal Jo-<lb/>nico, <lb/>chenel <lb/>Capi-<lb/>tello.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0187-02" xlink:href="note-0187-02a" xml:space="preserve">Per al-<lb/>tro cgli <lb/>è com-<lb/>poſto <lb/>del Do-<lb/>rico e <lb/>del Jo-<lb/>nieo. <lb/>Nel Ca-<lb/>pitello <lb/>Corin-<lb/>tio vi <lb/>ſono <lb/>ſette <lb/>coſe da <lb/>conſi-<lb/>derarc, <lb/>cioè, <lb/>I. La <lb/>ſua al-<lb/>tezza.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1753" xml:space="preserve">Ciò eſſendo così, altro non <lb/>reſta, che di dare le proporzio-<lb/>ni del Capitello, e ſono tali, <lb/>Il Capitello, compreſo l’ Aba-<lb/>co o Dado ſarà alto, quanto il <lb/>diametro della Colonna da piedi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1754" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="142" file="0188" n="188" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1755" xml:space="preserve">Per aver poi la larghezza di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0188-01a" xlink:href="note-0188-01"/> detto Abaco, convien fare, che <lb/>la ſua diagonale che paſſa da un <lb/>angolo all’ altro del quadro, ſia <lb/>il doppio dell’ altezza del Capitel-<lb/>lo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1756" xml:space="preserve">La piegatura in entro che le <lb/>fronti dell’ Abaco debbono avere <lb/>nel mezzo, ſarà della nona parte <lb/>della ſua larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1757" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div304" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0188-01" xlink:href="note-0188-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>ſua lar-<lb/>ghezza <lb/>in alto.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1758" xml:space="preserve">Il baſſo del Capitello è uguale <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0188-02a" xlink:href="note-0188-02"/> al collo, o ſia al vivo della Co-<lb/>lonna di ſopra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1759" xml:space="preserve">La groſſezza o <lb/>altezza dell’ Abaco ſi fa della ſet-<lb/>tima parte di tutto il Capitello; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1760" xml:space="preserve">le altre ſei ſi diſtribuiſcono in <lb/>queſta maniera.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1761" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div305" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0188-02" xlink:href="note-0188-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. A <lb/>baſſo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1762" xml:space="preserve">Due di queſte parti convien <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0188-03a" xlink:href="note-0188-03"/> darle per altezza al primo ordine <lb/>di Foglie da baſſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1763" xml:space="preserve">due altre ſi <lb/>daranno al ſecondo, o ſia all’ or-<lb/>dine di mezzo, e ognuno di que-<lb/>ſti Ordini ſarà compoſto di quat-<lb/>tro foglie.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1764" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div306" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0188-03" xlink:href="note-0188-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. Lc <lb/>ſue Fo-<lb/>glie.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1765" xml:space="preserve">I Caulicoli poi o voglianſi di-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0188-04a" xlink:href="note-0188-04"/> re piccoli Steli, che ſono anch’ <lb/>eſſi compoſti d’ altre Foglie, e che <pb o="143" file="0189" n="189" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> naſcono tra mezzo alle ſoglie dell’ <lb/>ordine ſuperiore, avranno le al-<lb/>tre due parti compreſevi le Vo-<lb/>lute.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1766" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div307" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0188-04" xlink:href="note-0188-04a" xml:space="preserve">5. I <lb/>Cauli-<lb/>coli.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1767" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Volute naſcono dal di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0189-01a" xlink:href="note-0189-01"/> dentro de’ Caulicoli: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1768" xml:space="preserve">e di que-<lb/>ſte, le une che ſono le più gran-<lb/>di, ſi ſtendono ſino all’ eſtremità <lb/>degli angoli dell’ Abaco, l’ altre <lb/>ſono ſotto alle Roſe.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1769" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div308" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0189-01" xlink:href="note-0189-01a" xml:space="preserve">6. Le <lb/>ſue Vo-<lb/>lute.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1770" xml:space="preserve">E queſte Roſe che ſono nel <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0189-02a" xlink:href="note-0189-02"/> mezzo di ciaſcheduna delle fron-<lb/>ti dell’ Abaco, debbono eſſere co-<lb/>sì grandi, quanto è groſſo l’ A-<lb/>baco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1771" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div309" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0189-02" xlink:href="note-0189-02a" xml:space="preserve">7. Le <lb/>ſue <lb/>Roſe.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1772" xml:space="preserve">Gli Ornamenti dell’ Ordine Co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0189-03a" xlink:href="note-0189-03"/> rintio, cioè a dire l’ Architrave, <lb/>il Fregio e la Cornice, non ſo-<lb/>no punto differenti da quelli dell’ <lb/>Ordine Jonico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1773" xml:space="preserve">Si veda la Tavo-<lb/>la X.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1774" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div310" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0189-03" xlink:href="note-0189-03a" xml:space="preserve">Gli or-<lb/>namèn-<lb/>ti dell’ <lb/>Ordine <lb/>Corin-<lb/>tio.</note> </div> <pb o="144" file="0190" n="190" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div312" type="section" level="1" n="70"> <head xml:id="echoid-head169" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Nono</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head170" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ Ordine Compoſto.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1775" xml:space="preserve">VItruvio non ha punto parla-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0190-01a" xlink:href="note-0190-01"/> to dell’ Ordine Compoſto, <lb/>come d’ un’ Ordine diſtinto dal <lb/>Corintio, dal Jonico e dal Dori-<lb/>co. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1776" xml:space="preserve">Dic’ egli ſoltanto, che ſopra <lb/>la Colonna Corintia mettevaſi <lb/>talvolta un Capitello compoſto di <lb/>più parti, ch’ erano preſe dall’ <lb/>Ordine Corintio, dal Jonico e <lb/>dal Dorico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1777" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div312" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0190-01" xlink:href="note-0190-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Or-<lb/>dine <lb/>Com-<lb/>poſto <lb/>non è <lb/>deſcrit-<lb/>to da <lb/>Vitru-<lb/>vio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1778" xml:space="preserve">Ma di là cavaſi una conſeguen-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0190-02a" xlink:href="note-0190-02"/> za, che l’ Ordine chiamato pre-<lb/>ſentemente Compoſto, poteva eſ-<lb/>ſere ſtato in uſo al tempo di Vi-<lb/>truvio, benchè allora non ſe ne <lb/>faceſſe un’ Ordine ſeparato, poi-<lb/>chè il noſtro Ordine Compoſto <lb/>non è eſſenzialmente diverſo dal <lb/>Corintio, ſalvo che nel Capitel-<lb/>lo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1779" xml:space="preserve">Potrebbeſi dir anche, che <lb/>per queſta ſola differenza del Ca- <pb o="145" file="0191" n="191" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> pitello egli intendeſſe di coſtituire <lb/>un’ Ordine differente dal Corin-<lb/>tio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1780" xml:space="preserve">poichè ſecondo Vitruvio, il <lb/>ſolo Capitello Corintio coſtituiſce <lb/>l’ Ordine Corintio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1781" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div313" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0190-02" xlink:href="note-0190-02a" xml:space="preserve">E’ diſe-<lb/>gnato <lb/>ſoltanto <lb/>in ge-<lb/>nerale.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1782" xml:space="preserve">Ora le parti che il noſtro Or-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0191-01a" xlink:href="note-0191-01"/> dine Compoſto prende dal Corin-<lb/>tio, fono il Tagliere o Abaco, e <lb/>i due ordini di foglie d’ Acanto <lb/>ch’ eſſo ha ritenuti, tutto che il <lb/>Corintio abbia laſciate le foglie <lb/>d’ Acanto per aſſumer quelle d’ <lb/>Olivo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1783" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div314" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0191-01" xlink:href="note-0191-01a" xml:space="preserve">Prende <lb/>le par-<lb/>ti che <lb/>com-<lb/>pongo-<lb/>no il <lb/>ſuoCa-<lb/>pitello, <lb/>dall’ <lb/>Ordine <lb/>Corin-<lb/>tio,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1784" xml:space="preserve">Le altre parti, ch’ei prende dall’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0191-02a" xlink:href="note-0191-02"/> Ordine Jonico, ſono le Volute, le <lb/>quali egli ſorma in certa maniera <lb/>ſul modello delle Volute dell’ Or-<lb/>dine Corintio, piegandole, come <lb/>anche l’ Abaco; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1785" xml:space="preserve">imperciocchè nel <lb/>Capitello Jonico ſono eſſe diritte, <lb/>e così anche il ſuo Abaco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1786" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div315" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0191-02" xlink:href="note-0191-02a" xml:space="preserve">Dal Jo-<lb/>nico,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1787" xml:space="preserve">L’Echino, o quarto di tondino <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0191-03a" xlink:href="note-0191-03"/> ch’egli ha ſotto l’ Abaco, lo pren-<lb/>de dall’ Ordine Dorico, piuttoſto <lb/>che dal Jonico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1788" xml:space="preserve">perchè queſto <lb/>Echino è immediatamente ſot- <pb o="146" file="0192" n="192" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> to l’ Abaco, appunto come nell’ <lb/>Ordine Dorico; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1789" xml:space="preserve">ciocchè non ha <lb/>luogo nel Jonico, il quale tra l’ <lb/>Echino e l’ Abaco vi mette la <lb/>Scorza o Canale che fa la Volu-<lb/>ta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1790" xml:space="preserve">Può dirſi nulla di meno, <lb/>ch’ egli imita l’ Echino dell’ Or-<lb/>dine Jonico in queſto, ch’eſſo è <lb/>intagliato d’ Ovi, i quali non ſi <lb/>trovano che rare volte nel Capi-<lb/>tello Dorico, ma bensì ſempre <lb/>nel Jonico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1791" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div316" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0191-03" xlink:href="note-0191-03a" xml:space="preserve">Dal <lb/>Dorico</note> </div> <pb o="147" file="0193" n="193" rhead="COMPENDIO"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div318" type="section" level="1" n="71"> <head xml:id="echoid-head171" xml:space="preserve">DEI DIECI LIBRI</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head172" xml:space="preserve">D’ ARCHITETTURA <lb/>DI VITRUVIO.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head173" style="it" xml:space="preserve">SECONDA PARTE,</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head174" xml:space="preserve">In cui ſi contiene l’ Architettura a <lb/>noi comune cogli Antichi.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head175" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO PRIMO</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head176" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Degli Edificj pubblici.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head177" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head178" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Fortezze.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1792" xml:space="preserve">GLi Edificj o ſono pubblici, o <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0193-01a" xlink:href="note-0193-01"/> ſono privati. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1793" xml:space="preserve">Quelli che ſono <lb/>pubblici, appartengono o alla Si-<lb/>curezza, o alla Religione, o alla <lb/>Comodità pubblica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1794" xml:space="preserve">Le Fortifica-<lb/>zioni delle città ſono per la Sicu-<lb/>rezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1795" xml:space="preserve">i Templi per la Religio- <pb o="148" file="0194" n="194" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ne; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1796" xml:space="preserve">le Piazze, le Baſiliche, i Tea-<lb/>tri e le Accademie per la pubblica <lb/>Comodità.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1797" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div318" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0193-01" xlink:href="note-0193-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le Rea <lb/>gole <lb/>per le <lb/>Forti-<lb/>ficazio-<lb/>ni con-<lb/>tengo-<lb/>no <lb/>quattro <lb/>coſe. <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1798" xml:space="preserve">La diſpoſizione e la figura de’Ter-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0194-01a" xlink:href="note-0194-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0194-02a" xlink:href="note-0194-02"/> rapieni appreſſo gli Antichi era <lb/>tale, che le Torri s’ avanzaſſero <lb/>fuori delle mura, affinchè quan-<lb/>do il nemico s’appreſſaſſe, gli aſ-<lb/>ſediati che ſtavano ſulle Torri, a <lb/>dritta ed a ſiniſtra, lo poteſſero <lb/>incomodare ne’ fianchi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1799" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div319" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0194-01" xlink:href="note-0194-01a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>diſpo-<lb/>ſizione <lb/>de’ <lb/>Terra-<lb/>pieni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0194-02" xlink:href="note-0194-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. <gap/> <lb/>c, <gap/></note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1800" xml:space="preserve">Aveano gli Antichi la mira an-<lb/>cora di render malagevole al Ne-<lb/>mico l’avvicinamento alle mura, <lb/>facendo in maniera, che le ſtra-<lb/>de, le quali conducono alle por-<lb/>te, non foſſero già diritte, ma <lb/>che andaſſero per torto cammino <lb/>alla ſiniſtra della porta loro cor-<lb/>riſpondente: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1801" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocohè per tal <lb/>mezzo gli Aſſedianti erano obbli-<lb/>gati a preſentare a que’ che ſta-<lb/>vano ſulle Torri, il proprio fian-<lb/>co dritto, che non va coperto <lb/>dallo ſcudo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1802" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1803" xml:space="preserve">La Figura d’ una Piazza forte <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0194-03a" xlink:href="note-0194-03"/> <pb o="149" file="0195" n="195" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> non dovea eſſer già nè quadrata, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0195-01a" xlink:href="note-0195-01"/> nè compoſta d’angoli che uſciſſe-<lb/>ro troppo in fuori; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1804" xml:space="preserve">ma la fa-<lb/>ceano ſoltanto compoſta di molti <lb/>giri: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1805" xml:space="preserve">perchè gli angoli che ven-<lb/>gono in fuori ſono favorevoli piut-<lb/>toſto agli Aſſedianti, che agli Aſ-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0195-02a" xlink:href="note-0195-02"/> ſediati.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1806" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div320" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0194-03" xlink:href="note-0194-03a" xml:space="preserve">II. La <lb/>figura</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0195-01" xlink:href="note-0195-01a" xml:space="preserve">di tutta <lb/>la Piaz-<lb/>za.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0195-02" xlink:href="note-0195-02a" xml:space="preserve">III. La <lb/>coſtru-<lb/>zion <lb/>delle <lb/>Mura <lb/>che <lb/>com-<lb/>prende.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1807" xml:space="preserve">La Groſſezza della Muraglia era <lb/>tale, che due uomini armati, <lb/>incontrandoſi l’ uno con l’ altro, <lb/>poteſſero facilmente paſſarvi ſopra <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0195-03a" xlink:href="note-0195-03"/> ſenza impedimento.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1808" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div321" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0195-03" xlink:href="note-0195-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>loro <lb/>groſ-<lb/>ſezza.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1809" xml:space="preserve">Rendevano gli Antichi ſode e <lb/>durabili le Mura loro, col met-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0195-04a" xlink:href="note-0195-04"/> tervi tramezzo alle pietre de’ba-<lb/>ſtoni d’ Olivaſtro mezzo abbruſto-<lb/>liti, a fine di legarle, e di fer-<lb/>marle.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1810" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div322" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0195-04" xlink:href="note-0195-04a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>loro <lb/>mate-<lb/>ria.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1811" xml:space="preserve">Tuttochè non vi ſia coſa, la <lb/>quale renda tanto forti i Terra-<lb/>pieni, quanto il terreno, gli An-<lb/>tichi nulla di meno non aveano <lb/>in coſtume di terrapienare le mu-<lb/>ra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1812" xml:space="preserve">tolto che nel caſo, in cui vi <lb/>foſſe ſtato per avventura un luo- <pb o="150" file="0196" n="196" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> go della Piazza, il quale foſſe <lb/>ſtato dominato da qualche emi-<lb/>nenza, dalla quale gli Aſſedianti <lb/>aveſſer potuto entrare a piè piano <lb/>ſulle mura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1813" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1814" xml:space="preserve">Per fortificare queſte opere ter-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0196-01a" xlink:href="note-0196-01"/> rapienate, e per impedire che la <lb/>Terra non ſpigneſſe e roveſciaſſe <lb/>i due muri che la ſoſtentavano, <lb/>vi faceano degli Speroni o con-<lb/>trafforti, per traverſo d’uno de’ <lb/>due muri all’altro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1815" xml:space="preserve">a fine che la <lb/>terra eſſendo ſeparata in più par-<lb/>ti, non aveſſe tanto di peſo per <lb/>roveſciare le mura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1816" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div323" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0196-01" xlink:href="note-0196-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. Ilo-<lb/>ro Spe-<lb/>roni.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1817" xml:space="preserve">Le Torri degli Antichi erano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0196-02a" xlink:href="note-0196-02"/> o rotonde, o fatte di molti fian-<lb/>chi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1818" xml:space="preserve">perchè quelle che ſono qua-<lb/>drate, reſtano preſtiſſimo rovina-<lb/>te dalle Macchine da guerra, e <lb/>gli Arieti urtando ne rompono <lb/>facilmente le cantonate.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1819" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div324" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0196-02" xlink:href="note-0196-02a" xml:space="preserve">IV. La <lb/>figura <lb/>c la <lb/>diſpo-<lb/>zion <lb/>delle <lb/>Torri.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1820" xml:space="preserve">Il muro poi ch’ era verſo la <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0196-03a" xlink:href="note-0196-03"/> parte interiore delle Torri, do-<lb/>veva eſſer diviſo con iſpacj tanto <lb/>grandi quanto erano le Torri, e <pb o="151" file="0197" n="197" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> le vie nelle parti di dentro delle <lb/>Torri erano congiunte ſolamente <lb/>con delle travi appoggiate ſulle <lb/>due eſtremità, ſenza eſſer attac-<lb/>cate con ferro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1821" xml:space="preserve">a fine che ſe il <lb/>nemico ſi foſſe impadronito di <lb/>qualche parte della muraglia, gli <lb/>Aſſediati poteſſer levare le dette <lb/>vie, o ſia il ponte di legno, ed <lb/>impedire che non paſſaſe più ol-<lb/>tre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1822" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div325" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0196-03" xlink:href="note-0196-03a" xml:space="preserve">Edelle <lb/>Corti-<lb/>ne.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div327" type="section" level="1" n="72"> <head xml:id="echoid-head179" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Artigolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head180" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ Templi.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1823" xml:space="preserve">IL ſecondo genere di pubblici <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0197-01a" xlink:href="note-0197-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0197-02a" xlink:href="note-0197-02"/> Edificj, che ſono quelli, i qua-<lb/>li appartengono alla Religione, <lb/>ſono i Templi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1824" xml:space="preserve">Erano queſti ap-<lb/>preſſo gli Antichi di due ſorti: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1825" xml:space="preserve">altri erano alla Greca, ed altri <lb/>alla maniera Toſcana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1826" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div327" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0197-01" xlink:href="note-0197-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>@. 4.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0197-02" xlink:href="note-0197-02a" xml:space="preserve">Divi-<lb/>ſion ge-<lb/>nerale <lb/>de’ Tern <lb/>pli in <lb/>Grechi <lb/>e To-<lb/>ſcani.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1827" xml:space="preserve">I Templi alla maniera Toſca-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0197-03a" xlink:href="note-0197-03"/> na erano Quadratl; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1828" xml:space="preserve">i Greci gli <lb/>faceano talvolta Rotondi, e tal- <pb o="152" file="0198" n="198" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> volta Quadrati. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1829" xml:space="preserve">Ne’Templi Qua-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0198-01a" xlink:href="note-0198-01"/> drati de’ Greci v’ha tre coſe da <lb/>conſiderare, cioè le Parti delle <lb/>quali erano compoſti, la Propor-<lb/>zione di tutto il Tempio, e il <lb/>ſuo Aſpetto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1830" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div328" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0197-03" xlink:href="note-0197-03a" xml:space="preserve">I Gre-<lb/>chlera-<lb/>no oro. <lb/>tondi. o <lb/>guadra-<lb/>ti,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0198-01" xlink:href="note-0198-01a" xml:space="preserve">Ne’ qua. <lb/>drati <lb/>v’ha tre <lb/>coſe da <lb/>conſi-<lb/>derare.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1831" xml:space="preserve">Le parti de’ Templi quadrati <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0198-02a" xlink:href="note-0198-02"/> erano il più ſovente al numero di <lb/>cinque: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1832" xml:space="preserve">poichè avean eſſi quaſi <lb/>tutti l’ Antitempio, o vogliam <lb/>dire Atrio o Portico, nella @parte <lb/>anteriore del Tempio, chiamato <lb/>Pronaos; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1833" xml:space="preserve">il Poſtrempio, o ſia@la <lb/>la parte poſteriore del Tempio <lb/>appellata Poſticum, ovver Opi-<lb/>ſtbodomos; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1834" xml:space="preserve">il mezzo del Tempio <lb/>nominato Cella o Secos; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1835" xml:space="preserve">i Porti-<lb/>o Ale; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1836" xml:space="preserve">e la Porta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1837" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div329" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0198-02" xlink:href="note-0198-02a" xml:space="preserve">I. Le <lb/>parti, <lb/>che ſo-<lb/>no cin-<lb/>que, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1838" xml:space="preserve">L’Atrio o Antitempio, era un <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0198-03a" xlink:href="note-0198-03"/> luogo coperto ſull’ entrata della <lb/>maggior parte de’Templi, di tan-<lb/>ta larghezza, di quanta era il <lb/>Tempio ſteſſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1839" xml:space="preserve">Gli Atrj erano di <lb/>tre ſorte: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1840" xml:space="preserve">gli uni erano ſoſtenuti <lb/>da Colonne da tre lati: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1841" xml:space="preserve">gli altri <lb/>non aveano Colonne che nella <pb o="153" file="0199" n="199" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> facciata davanti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1842" xml:space="preserve">eſsendo i loro <lb/>lati ſoſtentati da due ale di pare-<lb/>ti continuati alle pareti del Tem-<lb/>pio: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1843" xml:space="preserve">i terzi venivano ſoſtentati <lb/>nei due lati, la metà da colon-<lb/>ne, e la metà da’muri ch’ erano <lb/>la continuazione delle pareti la-<lb/>terali del Tempio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1844" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div330" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0198-03" xlink:href="note-0198-03a" xml:space="preserve">I. L’ A-<lb/>trio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1845" xml:space="preserve">Il Poſtico, o ſia il di dietro del <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0199-01a" xlink:href="note-0199-01"/> Tempio era pari all’ Atrio, aven-<lb/>do anch’ eſſo una Porta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1846" xml:space="preserve">Tutti i <lb/>Templi però non aveano già il <lb/>loro Poſtico, benchè aveſſero quaſi <lb/>tutti il Pronao o Atrio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1847" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div331" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0199-01" xlink:href="note-0199-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Il <lb/>Poſtico</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1848" xml:space="preserve">Il mezzo del Tempio che chia-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0199-02a" xlink:href="note-0199-02"/> mavaſi Cella, era un luogo ſer-<lb/>rato da quattro muri, non rice-<lb/>vendo lume che per la Porta; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1849" xml:space="preserve">toltone il caſo in cui egli foſſe ſta-<lb/>to ſcoperto, ſiccome ſarà ſpiegato <lb/>in ſeguito.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1850" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div332" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0199-02" xlink:href="note-0199-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. Il <lb/>mezzo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1851" xml:space="preserve">I Pottici che formavano le Ale <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0199-03a" xlink:href="note-0199-03"/> de’ Templi, erano certe file di <lb/>Colonne, talvolta ſemplici, e tal-<lb/>volta doppie, che andavano at-<lb/>torno ai fianchi de’Templi al di <pb o="154" file="0200" n="200" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> fuori. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1852" xml:space="preserve">Alle volte però queſta par-<lb/>te mancava ad alcuni Templi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1853" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div333" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0199-03" xlink:href="note-0199-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. I Por-<lb/>tici.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1854" xml:space="preserve">Le Porte de’Templi erano dif-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0200-01a" xlink:href="note-0200-01"/> ferenti ſecondo la differenza dell’ <lb/>ordine d’ Architettura, a norma <lb/>del quale era fabbricato il Tem-<lb/>pio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1855" xml:space="preserve">Aveavi la Porta Dorica, la <lb/>Jonica, e l’ Attica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1856" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div334" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0200-01" xlink:href="note-0200-01a" xml:space="preserve">5. Le <lb/>Porte, <lb/>ch’era-<lb/>no di <lb/>rre ſor-<lb/>te, <lb/>cioè,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1857" xml:space="preserve">L’ altezza della Porta Dorica <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0200-02a" xlink:href="note-0200-02"/> prendevaſi in queſto modo, che <lb/>diviſo in tre parti e mezzail trat-<lb/>to che v’era dal pavimento ſino <lb/>al fondo del ſoffitto dell’ Atrio, <lb/>il quale ſoffitto chiamavaſi Lacu-<lb/>nar; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1858" xml:space="preserve">due di queſte parti davanſi <lb/>all’ altezza del lume della porta <lb/>ſotto il Liſtello o Sopraciglio: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1859" xml:space="preserve">poi diviſa tal’altezza in parti do-<lb/>dici, prendevanſene cinque e mez-<lb/>za per la larghezza del lume del-<lb/>la porta da baſſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1860" xml:space="preserve">mal’ alto eſſer <lb/>dovea più riſtretto della terza, <lb/>della quarta, e anche dell’ ottava <lb/>parte dell’ Impoſta o Erta, ſecon-<lb/>do l’ altezza della porta; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1861" xml:space="preserve">perchè <lb/>quanto maggiore era la ſua al- <pb o="155" file="0201" n="201" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> tezza, tanto meno ftretta ella do-<lb/>vea eſſer di ſopra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1862" xml:space="preserve">La groſſezza <lb/>delle Impoſte o Erte nella fronte <lb/>dovea eſſer per la duodecima par-<lb/>te dell’ altezza del lume della <lb/>porta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1863" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div335" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0200-02" xlink:href="note-0200-02a" xml:space="preserve">LaPor-<lb/>ta Do-<lb/>xica, di <lb/>cui le <lb/>parti <lb/>crano,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1864" xml:space="preserve">Ma l’ Erta andava anch’ eſſa <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0201-01a" xlink:href="note-0201-01"/> raſtremandoſi di ſopra per la dc-<lb/>cimaquarta parte della ſua lar-<lb/>ghezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1865" xml:space="preserve">ed era ſoltanto orlata da <lb/>una Cimaſa con un Aſtragalo o <lb/>Tondino.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1866" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div336" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0201-01" xlink:href="note-0201-01a" xml:space="preserve">L’ An-<lb/>tepag-<lb/>mente.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1867" xml:space="preserve">Poi ſopra queſta Cimaſa, cioè <lb/>ſopra quella ch’ era in alto nel <lb/>Sopraciglio o Sopralimitare, ſi fa-<lb/>cea un Fregio chiamato Hyper-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0201-02a" xlink:href="note-0201-02"/> tbyron, ch’ era della medeſima <lb/>groſſezza del Sopraciglio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1868" xml:space="preserve">e ſopra <lb/>queſto Fregio mettevaſi una Ci-<lb/>maſa Dorica con un Tondino o <lb/>Aſtragalo Lesbio, l’ uno e l’altro <lb/>de’ quali doveano avere un poco <lb/>di ſporto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1869" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div337" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0201-02" xlink:href="note-0201-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il Fre-<lb/>gio,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1870" xml:space="preserve">Indi ſopra queſti Ornamenti <lb/>era ſituata la Corona piatta con <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0201-03a" xlink:href="note-0201-03"/> la piccola ſua Cimaſa o Gola, <pb o="156" file="0202" n="202" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> la quale avea tanto di ſporto, <lb/>quanta era l’ altezza del Sopra-<lb/>ciglio che s’ imponeva ſopra l’ <lb/>Erte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1871" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div338" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0201-03" xlink:href="note-0201-03a" xml:space="preserve">La Co-<lb/>rona <lb/>piatta,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1872" xml:space="preserve">L’ altezza delle Porte Joniche <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0202-01a" xlink:href="note-0202-01"/> prendevaſi nella maniera medeſima <lb/>che nelle porte Doriche: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1873" xml:space="preserve">ma per <lb/>avere la larghezza, conveniva <lb/>divider l’ altezza in due parti e <lb/>mezza, per darne una e mezza al <lb/>lume da baſſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1874" xml:space="preserve">il reſtrignimento <lb/>poi facevaſi nel modo ſteſſo, che <lb/>nella porta dorica.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1875" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div339" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0202-01" xlink:href="note-0202-01a" xml:space="preserve">La Por-<lb/>ta Jo-<lb/>nica, di <lb/>cai le <lb/>parti <lb/>crano</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1876" xml:space="preserve">La larghezza o groſsezza delle <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0202-02a" xlink:href="note-0202-02"/> Erte era per l’ altezza del lume <lb/>nella fronte la quartadecima par-<lb/>te. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1877" xml:space="preserve">Di poi ſi dividea queſta groſ-<lb/>ſezza in ſei parti, e una di queſte <lb/>ſe ne pendeva per la Cimaſa: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1878" xml:space="preserve">poi diviſo il reſto in dodici par-<lb/>ti, tre davanſene alla prima Fa-<lb/>ſcia compreſo il ſuo Aſtragalo o <lb/>Tondino, quattro alla ſeconda, e <lb/>cinque alla terza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1879" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div340" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0202-02" xlink:href="note-0202-02a" xml:space="preserve">L’Erta,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1880" xml:space="preserve">Il Fregio nominato Hypertbyron <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0202-03a" xlink:href="note-0202-03"/> formavaſi con le proporzioni me- <pb o="157" file="0203" n="203" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> deſime, come nell’ Ordine Do-<lb/>rico.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1881" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div341" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0202-03" xlink:href="note-0202-03a" xml:space="preserve">Il Fre-<lb/>gio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1882" xml:space="preserve">Le Menſole, o come altri le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0203-01a" xlink:href="note-0203-01"/> chiamano Cartelle, ſcolpite a drit-<lb/>ta e a ſiniſtra, pendevano lontane <lb/>a livello del baſſo del Sopraci-<lb/>glio ſenza comprendervi la Fo-<lb/>glia, ch’eſſe aveano da baſſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1883" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>loro larghezza in alto era della <lb/>terza parte dell’Erte, mada baſ-<lb/>ſo erano la quarta parte più ſot-<lb/>tili che di ſopra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1884" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div342" type="float" level="2" n="16"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0203-01" xlink:href="note-0203-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le Men-<lb/>ſole,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1885" xml:space="preserve">Le Porte Attiche erano ſimili <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0203-02a" xlink:href="note-0203-02"/> alle Doriche, ma le loro Erte <lb/>non aveano che una Benda ſola <lb/>ſotto la Cimaſa; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1886" xml:space="preserve">e queſta Benda <lb/>o Faſcia avea ſolamente di lar-<lb/>ghezza due parti delle ſette, nel-<lb/>le quali dividevaſi tutto quello, <lb/>che reſtava dell’ Erta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1887" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div343" type="float" level="2" n="17"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0203-02" xlink:href="note-0203-02a" xml:space="preserve">La Por-<lb/>ta At-<lb/>tiea.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1888" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione de’Templi era <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0203-03a" xlink:href="note-0203-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0203-04a" xlink:href="note-0203-04"/> tale, che doveano eſſer due volte <lb/>tanto lunghi, che larghi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1889" xml:space="preserve">ma ciò <lb/>non deveſi intendere preciſamen-<lb/>te, che di que’ Templi, i quali <pb o="158" file="0204" n="204" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> erano ſenza Colonne; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1890" xml:space="preserve">di cui di-<lb/>viſa eſſendo la larghezza in otto <lb/>parti, alla larghezza ſe ne davano <lb/>quattro.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1891" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div344" type="float" level="2" n="18"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0203-03" xlink:href="note-0203-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0203-04" xlink:href="note-0203-04a" xml:space="preserve">II. La <lb/>propor-<lb/>zione.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1892" xml:space="preserve">I Templi però che aveano lo <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0204-01a" xlink:href="note-0204-01"/> alato attorno di colonne, non <lb/>poteano avere queſta proporzione <lb/>doppia; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1893" xml:space="preserve">atteſochè la lunghezza <lb/>avea ſoltanto il doppio degl’in-<lb/>tercolunnj; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1894" xml:space="preserve">e per conſeguenza <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0204-02a" xlink:href="note-0204-02"/> avea una colonna di meno del <lb/>doppio delle colonne ch’ erano in <lb/>fronte, e nel da dietro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1895" xml:space="preserve">per eſem-<lb/>pio, ſe la fronte aveva ſei co-<lb/>lonne, vi erano dunque cinque <lb/>intercolunnj; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1896" xml:space="preserve">laonde ſe ſi voleva-<lb/>no raddoppiar gl’ intercoiunnj, e <lb/>farli dieci, baſtavano undici co-<lb/>lonne, perchè gl’ intercolunnj ſo-<lb/>no ſempre un meno delle co-<lb/>lonne.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1897" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div345" type="float" level="2" n="19"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0204-01" xlink:href="note-0204-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 4.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0204-02" xlink:href="note-0204-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>c. 3.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1898" xml:space="preserve">Per lo Aſpetto de’Templi, due <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0204-03a" xlink:href="note-0204-03"/> coſe ſi poſſono intendere in Vi-<lb/>truvio, cioè la Diſpoſizione chele <lb/>parti del Tempio hanno le une <pb o="159" file="0205" n="205" rhead="DIVITRUVIO."/> riſpetto all’altre; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1899" xml:space="preserve">e la Diſpoſizio-<lb/>ne di tutto il Tempio verſo le <lb/>parti del cielo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1900" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div346" type="float" level="2" n="20"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0204-03" xlink:href="note-0204-03a" xml:space="preserve">III. <lb/>L’ Aſ-<lb/>petto, <lb/>ch’ è <lb/>doppio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1901" xml:space="preserve">Per quello concerne la Diſpo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0205-01a" xlink:href="note-0205-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0205-02a" xlink:href="note-0205-02"/> ſizione del Tempio riſpetto al <lb/>cielo, gli Antichi aveano ſempre <lb/>la mira, che i Templi volti foſ-<lb/>ſero verſo l’Oriente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1902" xml:space="preserve">purchè non <lb/>foſſe ſtato il luogo mal diſpoſto <lb/>per ciò fare, e che qualche gran-<lb/>de ſtrada non gli aveſſe obbligati <lb/>a voltarli altramente. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1903" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0205-03a" xlink:href="note-0205-03"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div347" type="float" level="2" n="21"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0205-01" xlink:href="note-0205-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>@. 5.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0205-02" xlink:href="note-0205-02a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Aſ-<lb/>petto <lb/>riguar-<lb/>do al <lb/>cicle.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0205-03" xlink:href="note-0205-03a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Aſ-<lb/>petto <lb/>in ri-<lb/>guardo <lb/>alle <lb/>parti <lb/>appar-<lb/>tenenti <lb/>a due <lb/>varie <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>diTem-<lb/>pli, che <lb/>ſono:</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1904" xml:space="preserve">Per quello poi che ſi appartie-<lb/>ne alla Diſpoſizione delle parti, <lb/>cioè dell’ Atrio, del Poſtico, del-<lb/>le Ale, della parte interiore del <lb/>Tempio, e delle Porte, era que-<lb/>ſta una coſa differente ne’ Tem-<lb/>pli ch’ erano ſenza Colonne, da <lb/>quelli ne’quali v’erano Colonne.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1905" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1906" xml:space="preserve">I Templi ſenza Colonne eran <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0205-04a" xlink:href="note-0205-04"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0205-05a" xlink:href="note-0205-05"/> quelli, che non arrivavano a venti <lb/>piedi di larghezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1907" xml:space="preserve">Di queſti Tem-<lb/>pli ſi divideva la larghezza in quat-<lb/>tro parti, e ſi faceva la lunghez-<lb/>za del doppio, cioè di otto, e que- <pb o="160" file="0206" n="206" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ſte otto ſi compartivano in queſta <lb/>maniera, cioè cinque ſe ne da-<lb/>vano alla lunghezza dell’ interio-<lb/>re del Tempio, o ſia alla Cella, <lb/>le altre tre ſi aſſegnavano all’ A-<lb/>trio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1908" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div348" type="float" level="2" n="22"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0205-04" xlink:href="note-0205-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>@. 4.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0205-05" xlink:href="note-0205-05a" xml:space="preserve">I Tem-<lb/>pli ſen-<lb/>za Co-<lb/>lonne.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1909" xml:space="preserve">I Templi poi che aveano Co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0206-01a" xlink:href="note-0206-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0206-02a" xlink:href="note-0206-02"/> lonne, erano di otto ſpezie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1910" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>prima e la più ſemplice era quel-<lb/>la, la quale chiamavano ad An-<lb/>tes, o ſia Pilaſtri in faccia: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1911" xml:space="preserve">per-<lb/>chè in queſta ſpezie di Templi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0206-03a" xlink:href="note-0206-03"/> non aveavi che due colonne nel-<lb/>la faccia d’avanti tra due Ante. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1912" xml:space="preserve">Erano queſti Templi di tre ma-<lb/>niere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1913" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div349" type="float" level="2" n="23"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-01" xlink:href="note-0206-01a" xml:space="preserve">I Tem-<lb/>pli con <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne che <lb/>ſono di <lb/>otto <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0206-02" xlink:href="note-0206-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 3. <lb/>c. 1.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-03" xlink:href="note-0206-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Il <lb/>Tempio <lb/>ad An-<lb/>tes, ch’ <lb/>cra di <lb/>tre ma-<lb/>niere:</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1914" xml:space="preserve">La prima e la più ſemplice ma-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0206-04a" xlink:href="note-0206-04"/> niera era quella che nelle canto-<lb/>nate avea due Ante o Pilaſtri, e <lb/>nella facciata dinanzi del Tempio <lb/>avea due Colonne, le quali ſoſte-<lb/>nevano il Frontiſpicio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1915" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div350" type="float" level="2" n="24"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-04" xlink:href="note-0206-04a" xml:space="preserve">La pri-<lb/>ma,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1916" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda maniera anch’ eſſa <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0206-05a" xlink:href="note-0206-05"/> non avea ſe non due Colonne; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1917" xml:space="preserve">ma erano eſſe tra due Ante in <lb/>una iſteſſa fila con le Ante ſteſſe;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1918" xml:space="preserve"> <pb o="162" file="0207" n="207" rhead="DIVITRUVIO."/> e queſte Ante con le due Colon-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0207-01a" xlink:href="note-0207-01"/> ne terminavano e chiudevano la <lb/>parte anteriore dell’ Atrio del <lb/>Tempio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1919" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div351" type="float" level="2" n="25"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0206-05" xlink:href="note-0206-05a" xml:space="preserve">La ſe-<lb/>conda,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0207-01" xlink:href="note-0207-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>@. 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1920" xml:space="preserve">La maniera terza era, quando <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0207-02a" xlink:href="note-0207-02"/> all incontro delle due Colonne <lb/>ch’ erano nella facciata dinanzi, <lb/>la quale chiudeva l’ Atrio, ſe ne <lb/>mettevano due altre ancora nella <lb/>parte di dentro dell’ Atrio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1921" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſte colonne interiori però erano <lb/>men groſſe di quelle della faccia-<lb/>ta, tutto che foſſero di uguale <lb/>altezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1922" xml:space="preserve">ma a fine di farle appa-<lb/>rire ugualmente groſſe a quelle <lb/>di fuori, vi ſi faceano in eſſe del-<lb/>le canalature in maggior nume-<lb/>ro, formandovene ſino a ventot-<lb/>to o trentadue, ſuppoſto che quel-<lb/>le di fuori ne aveſſero ventiquat-<lb/>tro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1923" xml:space="preserve">e queſto faceaſi per laſciar <lb/>più libero e ſpazioſo l’andito dell’ <lb/>interiore dell’ Atrio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1924" xml:space="preserve">Queſti Tem-<lb/>pli aveano anche queſto di parti-<lb/>colare, che la parte anteriore <lb/>dell’ Atrio era chiuſa con alcuni <pb o="162" file="0208" n="208" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> parapetti di marmo o di legna-<lb/>me, alti quanto ſarebbe il pog-<lb/>gio, in modo però che ſi laſcia-<lb/>vano le ſue entrate nell’ Atrio <lb/>per gl’ intercolunnj, tra le Ante <lb/>o Pilaſtri delle ale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1925" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div352" type="float" level="2" n="26"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0207-02" xlink:href="note-0207-02a" xml:space="preserve">La ter-<lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1926" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda ſpezie di Templi a <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0208-01a" xlink:href="note-0208-01"/> colonne era chiamata Proſtilo, che <lb/>non era differente dalla prima, <lb/>ſe non in queſto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1927" xml:space="preserve">che oltra le due <lb/>colonne del Tempio ad Antes, <lb/>avea due altre colonne ſopra le <lb/>cantonate dirimpetto ai Pilaſtri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1928" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div353" type="float" level="2" n="27"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-01" xlink:href="note-0208-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Il <lb/>Proſti-<lb/>lo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1929" xml:space="preserve">La terza ſpezie era appellata <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0208-02a" xlink:href="note-0208-02"/> Amfiproſtilo, perchè lo iſteſſo mo-<lb/>do e numero di colonne che nel <lb/>Proſtilo vi è nella facciata di-<lb/>nanzi, queſto lo ſerva anche nel-<lb/>la parte di dietro del Tempio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1930" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div354" type="float" level="2" n="28"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-02" xlink:href="note-0208-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. L’ <lb/>Amfi-<lb/>proſti-<lb/>lo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1931" xml:space="preserve">La quarta ſpezie dicevaſi il Pe-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0208-03a" xlink:href="note-0208-03"/> riptero, ed era quella, che tanto <lb/>nella facciata anteriore, quanto <lb/>nella poſteriore avea ſei colonne, <lb/>e undici per ogni lato, contando <lb/>in tal numero quelle de’ cantoni. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1932" xml:space="preserve">Lo ſpacio che v’ era dal muro <pb o="163" file="0209" n="209" rhead="DIVITRUVIO."/> della Cella alle colonne, era ugua-<lb/>le allo ſpacio che v’ era tra co-<lb/>lonna e colonna.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1933" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div355" type="float" level="2" n="29"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0208-03" xlink:href="note-0208-03a" xml:space="preserve">4. Il Pe-<lb/>riptero.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1934" xml:space="preserve">La ſpezie quinta era il Pſeu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0209-01a" xlink:href="note-0209-01"/> dodiptero, che è quanto dire falſo <lb/>Diptero, o falſo alato doppio. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1935" xml:space="preserve">Avea queſto otto colonne nella <lb/>facciata anteriore, ed altrettante <lb/>nella poſteriore, e quindici per <lb/>ogni lato, compreſevi quelle de-<lb/>gli angoli. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1936" xml:space="preserve">Le Colonne erano <lb/>lontane dal muro quanto è lo ſpa-<lb/>cio di due intercolunnj, e la groſ-<lb/>ſezza di una colonna:</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1937" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div356" type="float" level="2" n="30"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0209-01" xlink:href="note-0209-01a" xml:space="preserve">5. Lo-<lb/>Pſeudo-<lb/>dipte-<lb/>ro.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1938" xml:space="preserve">La ſeſta ſpezie era il Diptero, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0209-02a" xlink:href="note-0209-02"/> ed era quello che avea otto co-<lb/>lonne dinanzi, ed otto di dietro, <lb/>e due ordini o due ale di colon-<lb/>ne d’ intorno la cella.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1939" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div357" type="float" level="2" n="31"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0209-02" xlink:href="note-0209-02a" xml:space="preserve">6. Il Di-<lb/>ptero.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1940" xml:space="preserve">La ſettima ſpezie nominavaſi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0209-03a" xlink:href="note-0209-03"/> Ipetro, perchè il di dentro del <lb/>Tempio era ſcoperto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1941" xml:space="preserve">Avea que-<lb/>ſto dieci colonne dinanzi, e dieci <lb/>di dietro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1942" xml:space="preserve">e nel rimanente era ſi-<lb/>mile al Diptero: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1943" xml:space="preserve">ma eſſo avea <lb/>queſto di particolare, che nella <pb o="164" file="0210" n="210" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> parte di dentro avea tutto all’ in-<lb/>torno due ordini di colonne uno ſo-<lb/>pra l’altro, le quali erano alquanto <lb/>rimote dai pareti, per formar de’ <lb/>Portici, come ne’ Periſtili.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1944" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div358" type="float" level="2" n="32"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0209-03" xlink:href="note-0209-03a" xml:space="preserve">7. L’ I-<lb/>petro.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1945" xml:space="preserve">L’ ottava appellavaſi Pſeudope-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0210-01a" xlink:href="note-0210-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0210-02a" xlink:href="note-0210-02"/> riptero, o falſo Periptero; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1946" xml:space="preserve">per-<lb/>chè la diſpoſizione delle ſue co-<lb/>lonne era pari a quella delle Co-<lb/>lonne del Periptero, avendo il <lb/>Tempio ſei colonne nella faccia-<lb/>ta anteriore, ſei nella poſteriore, <lb/>e undici nelle Ale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1947" xml:space="preserve">Ma la Diſpo-<lb/>ſizione de’ pareti del Tempio era <lb/>differente in queſto, ch’ eſſi ſten-<lb/>devanſi ſino alle colonne, coſichè <lb/>queſte non formavano più Porti-<lb/>co, ma erano tutte attaccate ai <lb/>pareti, ſalvo quelle dell’ Atrio, <lb/>ch’ erano Iſolate.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1948" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div359" type="float" level="2" n="33"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0210-01" xlink:href="note-0210-01a" xml:space="preserve">8. Lo-<lb/>Pſeu-<lb/>doperi-<lb/>ptero.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0210-02" xlink:href="note-0210-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>c. 7.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1949" xml:space="preserve">I Templi Rotondi erano di due <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0210-03a" xlink:href="note-0210-03"/> ſorte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1950" xml:space="preserve">I primi erano chiamati <lb/>Monopteri; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1951" xml:space="preserve">perchè non aveano pa-<lb/>reti, avendo ſoltanto l’ ala, cioè <lb/>a dire le colonne, che ſoſteneano <lb/>una Cupola. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1952" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione lo- <pb o="165" file="0211" n="211" rhead="DIVITRUVIO."/> ro era tale, che dividendo tutto <lb/>il Tempio in tre parti, un ter-<lb/>zo ſe ne dava ai gradi, o ſia al-<lb/>la ſalita ſul piano del Tempio, <lb/>ſopra di cui ripoſavano le Colon-<lb/>ne, che aveano la loro altezza <lb/>uguale alla diſtanza che paſſa da <lb/>una Colonna all’ altra che gli è <lb/>diametralmente oppoſta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1953" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div360" type="float" level="2" n="34"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0210-03" xlink:href="note-0210-03a" xml:space="preserve">1 Tem-<lb/>pli Ro-<lb/>tondi <lb/>erano <lb/>di due <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>cioè <lb/>Il Mo-<lb/>nopte-<lb/>ro.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1954" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda ſorte che era ap-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0211-01a" xlink:href="note-0211-01"/> pellata Periptero, avea le ale di <lb/>colonne ſopra i Stilobati o Piede-<lb/>ſtalli a torno a torno del Tem-<lb/>pio, il quale era rotondo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1955" xml:space="preserve">loſpa-<lb/>zio ch’ era tra il Stilobate ed il <lb/>Parete della cella, era della quin-<lb/>ta parte di tutto il Tempio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1956" xml:space="preserve">ed <lb/>il diametro della Cella doveva eſ-<lb/>ſer tanto, quanta era l’ altezza <lb/>di tutta la Colonna ſopra il Sti-<lb/>lobate.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1957" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div361" type="float" level="2" n="35"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0211-01" xlink:href="note-0211-01a" xml:space="preserve">Il Pe-<lb/>riptero <lb/>roton-<lb/>do.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1958" xml:space="preserve">I Templi alla maniera Toſca-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0211-02a" xlink:href="note-0211-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0211-03a" xlink:href="note-0211-03"/> na crano quadrati, e avevano cin-<lb/>que parti in lunghezza, e quat-<lb/>tro in larghezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1959" xml:space="preserve">L’ Atrio, ch’ <lb/>cra tanto grande, quanto il ri- <pb o="166" file="0212" n="212" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> manente del Tempio, avea la <lb/>fronte dinanzi di quattro colon-<lb/>ne: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1960" xml:space="preserve">i fianchi erano chiuſi la me-<lb/>tà dalla continuazione de’ pareti <lb/>laterali del Tempio, e l’altra me-<lb/>tà da due colonne angolari: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1961" xml:space="preserve">nel <lb/>mezzo poi dell’ Atrio eranvi due <lb/>altre colonne all’ incontro di quel-<lb/>le di fronte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1962" xml:space="preserve">L’interno del Tem-<lb/>pio avea due Cappelle per parte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1963" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div362" type="float" level="2" n="36"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0211-02" xlink:href="note-0211-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 4. <lb/>@. 7.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0211-03" xlink:href="note-0211-03a" xml:space="preserve">I Tem-<lb/>pli To-<lb/>ſcani.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1964" xml:space="preserve">Si trova, che gli Antichi avea-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0212-01a" xlink:href="note-0212-01"/> no quattordici ſpezie di Templi. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1965" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1966" xml:space="preserve">Il Tempio ſenza Colonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1967" xml:space="preserve">2. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1968" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Il Tempio ad Antes, o ſia Fac-<lb/>cia in Pilaſtri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1969" xml:space="preserve">3. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1970" xml:space="preserve">Il Tempio ad <lb/>Antes con due colonne nell’iſteſſa <lb/>fila in cui ſono le Ante. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1971" xml:space="preserve">4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1972" xml:space="preserve">Il Tem-<lb/>pio ad Antes con colonne di groſ-<lb/>ſezza ineguale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1973" xml:space="preserve">5. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1974" xml:space="preserve">Il Proſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1975" xml:space="preserve">6. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1976" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>L’ Amſiproſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1977" xml:space="preserve">7. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1978" xml:space="preserve">Il Periptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1979" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>8. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1980" xml:space="preserve">Lo Pſeudodiptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1981" xml:space="preserve">9. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1982" xml:space="preserve">Il Di-<lb/>ptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1983" xml:space="preserve">10. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1984" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ipetro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1985" xml:space="preserve">11. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1986" xml:space="preserve">Lo Pſeu-<lb/>doperiptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1987" xml:space="preserve">12. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1988" xml:space="preserve">Il Monoptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1989" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>13. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1990" xml:space="preserve">Il Periptero rotondo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1991" xml:space="preserve">14. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1992" xml:space="preserve">Il <lb/>Toſcano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1993" xml:space="preserve">Vegganſi le Tavole II. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1994" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>III. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1995" xml:space="preserve">e IV.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1996" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div363" type="float" level="2" n="37"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0212-01" xlink:href="note-0212-01a" xml:space="preserve">Gli An-<lb/>tichi <lb/>aveano <lb/>quat-<lb/>tordici <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>di Tem-<lb/>pli.</note> </div> <pb o="167" file="0213" n="213" rhead="DIVITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div365" type="section" level="1" n="73"> <head xml:id="echoid-head181" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph><emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head182" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Piazze Pubbliche, delle Ba-<lb/>ſiliche, de’ Teatri, de’ Porti, <lb/>de’ Bagni, e delle Ac-<lb/>cademie.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s1997" xml:space="preserve">IL terzo genere di pubblici Edi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0213-01a" xlink:href="note-0213-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0213-02a" xlink:href="note-0213-02"/> ficj, cioè quelli che ſi coſtrui-<lb/>ſcono per la comodità e per l’uſo <lb/>di tutto il popolo, ſono di ſei <lb/>ſpezie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1998" xml:space="preserve">cioè le Piazze pubbliche, <lb/>le Baſiliche, i Teatri, i Porti, i <lb/>Bagni, e le Accademie.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s1999" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div365" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0213-01" xlink:href="note-0213-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>@. 1.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0213-02" xlink:href="note-0213-02a" xml:space="preserve">Gli E-<lb/>dificj <lb/>per la <lb/>como-<lb/>dità <lb/>pubbli-<lb/>ca ſono <lb/>di dieci <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2000" xml:space="preserve">Le Piazze pubbliche appreſſo i <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0213-03a" xlink:href="note-0213-03"/> Greci erano tutte all’ intorno ad-<lb/>ornate con ſpeſſe colonne: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2001" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>appreſſo i Romani le colonne che <lb/>attorniavano le Piazze, aveano <lb/>degl’ intercolunnj più larghi; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2002" xml:space="preserve">perchè formavano eſſe de’ Peri-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0213-04a" xlink:href="note-0213-04"/> ſtili, ſotto cui eranvi delle bot-<lb/>teghe. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2003" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0213-05a" xlink:href="note-0213-05"/> </s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div366" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0213-03" xlink:href="note-0213-03a" xml:space="preserve">I. Le <lb/>pubbli-<lb/>che <lb/>Piazze <lb/>de’ Gre-<lb/>ci e de’ <lb/>Roma-<lb/>ni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0213-04" xlink:href="note-0213-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. I lo-<lb/>ro Pe-<lb/>riſtili.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0213-05" xlink:href="note-0213-05a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>loro <lb/>propor-<lb/>zione.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2004" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione delle pubbliche <lb/>Piazze era tale, che diviſa la lun- <pb o="168" file="0214" n="214" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ghezza in tre parti, due ſe ne <lb/>davano alla larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2005" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2006" xml:space="preserve">Le Baſiliche non aveano giam-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0214-01a" xlink:href="note-0214-01"/> mai di larghezza meno, che la <lb/>terza parte della loro lunghezza, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0214-02a" xlink:href="note-0214-02"/> nè più che la metà.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2007" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div367" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0214-01" xlink:href="note-0214-01a" xml:space="preserve">II. Le <lb/>Baſili-<lb/>che.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0214-02" xlink:href="note-0214-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. La <lb/>loro <lb/>propor-<lb/>zione.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2008" xml:space="preserve">Le Colonne erano tanto alte, <lb/>quanto erano larghe le Ale o ſia <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0214-03a" xlink:href="note-0214-03"/> i Portici; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2009" xml:space="preserve">e queſte Ale aveano <lb/>di larghezza la terza parte del-<lb/>lo ſpacio della gran volta di mez-<lb/>zo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2010" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div368" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0214-03" xlink:href="note-0214-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. Le <lb/>Colon-<lb/>ne.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2011" xml:space="preserve">Sopra le dette Ale eravi una <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0214-04a" xlink:href="note-0214-04"/> ſeconda fila di colonne, le quali <lb/>formavano dei Poggiuoli o Cor-<lb/>ridoj alti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2012" xml:space="preserve">e queſte colonne era-<lb/>no poſate ſopra un Piedeſtallo in <lb/>forma di Parapetto aſſai alto, <lb/>acciocchè quelli che paſſeggiava-<lb/>no in queſti alti Corridoj non <lb/>foſſero veduti da quelli, ch’era-<lb/>no abbaſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2013" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div369" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0214-04" xlink:href="note-0214-04a" xml:space="preserve">3. I lo-<lb/>ro Cor-<lb/>ridori <lb/>che era-<lb/>no due <lb/>l’ uno <lb/>ſopra <lb/>l’altro.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2014" xml:space="preserve">Negli eſtremi poi delle grandi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0214-05a" xlink:href="note-0214-05"/> Baſiliche, ſi faceano delle Sale <lb/>chiamate Calcidiche, le quali <lb/>aveano la comunicazione di una <pb o="169" file="0215" n="215" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> con l’ altra per via dei Corridoj <lb/>alti, e ſervivano a dar le Udien-<lb/>ze, e per amminiſtrar la Giu-<lb/>ſtizia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2015" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div370" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0214-05" xlink:href="note-0214-05a" xml:space="preserve">4. Le <lb/>loro <lb/>Calci-<lb/>diche.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2016" xml:space="preserve">I Teatri erano compoſti di tre <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0215-01a" xlink:href="note-0215-01"/> parti, cioè de’ Gradi, della Sce-<lb/>na, e de’ Luoghi da paſſeg-<lb/>giare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2017" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div371" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0215-01" xlink:href="note-0215-01a" xml:space="preserve">III. I <lb/>Teatri, <lb/>che <lb/>aveano <lb/>tre par-<lb/>ti, cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2018" xml:space="preserve">I Gradi che ſervivano di ſedi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0215-02a" xlink:href="note-0215-02"/> li agli Spettatori, erano diſpoſti <lb/>in ſemicerchio, e racchiudevano <lb/>uno ſpacio voto nel mezzo e nel <lb/>piano del Teatro, che chiama-<lb/>vaſi l’ Orcheſtra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2019" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div372" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0215-02" xlink:href="note-0215-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. I Gra-<lb/>di, che <lb/>com-<lb/>pren-<lb/>devano</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2020" xml:space="preserve">L’ Orcheſtra era fatta ne’ Tea-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0215-03a" xlink:href="note-0215-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0215-04a" xlink:href="note-0215-04"/> tri de’ Greci per fare i Balli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2021" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>in quella de’ Romani vi erano i <lb/>ſeggi dei Senatori, perchè i Balli <lb/>preſſo di loro ſi facevano nella <lb/>Scena.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2022" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div373" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0215-03" xlink:href="note-0215-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 6.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0215-04" xlink:href="note-0215-04a" xml:space="preserve">L’ Or-<lb/>cheſtra,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2023" xml:space="preserve">Sopra gli ultimi e ſupremi Gra-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0215-05a" xlink:href="note-0215-05"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0215-06a" xlink:href="note-0215-06"/> di di ſopra eravi all’ intorno un <lb/>Portico di colonne: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2024" xml:space="preserve">ed ogni tan-<lb/>ti Gradi eravi una cinta, cioè un <lb/>piano o pianerottolo, ſopra il <lb/>quale attorno ſi camminava. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2025" xml:space="preserve">Tre <pb o="170" file="0216" n="216" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> erano queſti piani; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2026" xml:space="preserve">il primo alla <lb/>parte più baſſa, il ſecondo nel <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0216-01a" xlink:href="note-0216-01"/> mezzo, e l’ altro di ſopra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2027" xml:space="preserve">e quel-<lb/>la ſcala per cui ſi ſaliva ſino al <lb/>primo piano, non ſeguitava fino <lb/>al ſecondo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2028" xml:space="preserve">ma tra mezzo nel ſe-<lb/>condo piano eravi un’ altra ſca-<lb/>la, che conduceva al terzo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2029" xml:space="preserve">e vi <lb/>erano a queſto effetto alcune apri-<lb/>ture o vie, che andavano alle ſa-<lb/>lite ed alle ſcale drizzate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2030" xml:space="preserve">I Gra-<lb/>di erano alti dai quattordici ai <lb/>quindici pollici, e larghi dai ven-<lb/>totto ai trenta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2031" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div374" type="float" level="2" n="10"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0215-05" xlink:href="note-0215-05a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 6.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0215-06" xlink:href="note-0215-06a" xml:space="preserve">Il Por-<lb/>tico in <lb/>alto.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0216-01" xlink:href="note-0216-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 6.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2032" xml:space="preserve">Tra i Gradi del Teatro al di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0216-02a" xlink:href="note-0216-02"/> ſopra dei pianerottoli, eranvi ne <lb/>Teatri grandi tredici Celle, nel-<lb/>le quali ſi collocavano de’ Vaſi di <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0216-03a" xlink:href="note-0216-03"/> rame, accordati in differenti tuo-<lb/>ni, che col loro rimbombo ſer-<lb/>vivano a rendere più chiaro il <lb/>ſuono della voce de’ Recitanti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2033" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div375" type="float" level="2" n="11"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0216-02" xlink:href="note-0216-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>c. 5.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0216-03" xlink:href="note-0216-03a" xml:space="preserve">1 Vaſi <lb/>di ra-<lb/>me.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2034" xml:space="preserve">La Scena era compoſta del Pul-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0216-04a" xlink:href="note-0216-04"/> pito, del Proſcenio, e del Para-<lb/>ſcenio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2035" xml:space="preserve">Il Pulpito era il luogo, <lb/>ſopra cui gli Attori venivano a <pb o="171" file="0217" n="217" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> rappreſentare le loro parti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2036" xml:space="preserve">Eſſo <lb/>non era alto più di cinque piedi <lb/>ſopra il pavimento dell’ Orche-<lb/>ſtra.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2037" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div376" type="float" level="2" n="12"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0216-04" xlink:href="note-0216-04a" xml:space="preserve">La Sce-<lb/>na, che <lb/>avea <lb/>tre par-<lb/>ti, cioè <lb/>il Pul-<lb/>pito,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2038" xml:space="preserve">Il Proſcenio era la facciata del-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0217-01a" xlink:href="note-0217-01"/> la Scena, la quale era adornata <lb/>di varj ordini di colonne un ſo-<lb/>pra l’ altro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2039" xml:space="preserve">ma proporzionati in <lb/>guiſa tale, che il ſecondo era più <lb/>piccolo di un quarto del primo, <lb/>e il terzo ſi andava diminuendo <lb/>con la ſteſſa proporzione.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2040" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div377" type="float" level="2" n="13"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0217-01" xlink:href="note-0217-01a" xml:space="preserve">Il Pro-<lb/>ſcenio, <lb/>che <lb/>aveva</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2041" xml:space="preserve">Queſta facciata avea le apertu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0217-02a" xlink:href="note-0217-02"/> re da tre porte: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2042" xml:space="preserve">quella di mezzo <lb/>ch’ era la più grande, appellava-<lb/>ſi la porta Reale; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2043" xml:space="preserve">le altre due <lb/>chiamavanſi le porte deè Fore-<lb/>ſtieri.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2044" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div378" type="float" level="2" n="14"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0217-02" xlink:href="note-0217-02a" xml:space="preserve">Le tre <lb/>ſue por-<lb/>te.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2045" xml:space="preserve">Queſte tre porte venivano chiu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0217-03a" xlink:href="note-0217-03"/> ſe per via di Macchine fatte a <lb/>triangolo, e compoſte di tre fac-<lb/>ciate dipinte, per rappreſentare <lb/>delle Fabbriche in proſpettiva. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2046" xml:space="preserve">Servivano queſte Macchine a fa-<lb/>re i cangiamenti delle Scene, al-<lb/>lorchè facevanſi girare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2047" xml:space="preserve">avvegna- <pb o="172" file="0218" n="218" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> chè le pitture che vi erano ſo-<lb/>pra, rappreſentavano tre ſorte di <lb/>Fabbriche, e per conſeguenza for-<lb/>mavano tre ſorti di Scena, cioè <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0218-01a" xlink:href="note-0218-01"/> la Tragica con Palagi magnifici; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2048" xml:space="preserve">la Comica con privati Edificj, e <lb/>la Satirica, cioè a dire Paſtorale, <lb/>con luoghi campeſtri e boſche-<lb/>reccj.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2049" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div379" type="float" level="2" n="15"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0217-03" xlink:href="note-0217-03a" xml:space="preserve">Le ſue <lb/>Mac-<lb/>ch@ne <lb/>voltati-<lb/>li per le <lb/>muta-<lb/>zioni, <lb/>le quali <lb/>faceva-<lb/>no, che <lb/>la Sce-<lb/>na foſ-<lb/>ſe.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0218-01" xlink:href="note-0218-01a" xml:space="preserve">Tragi-<lb/>ca, <lb/>Comi-<lb/>ca, <lb/>Satiri-<lb/>ca.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2050" xml:space="preserve">Il Paraſcenio, o Poſtſcenio era <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0218-02a" xlink:href="note-0218-02"/> un luogo o portico dietro al Tea-<lb/>tro, dove gli Attori ſi ritirava-<lb/>no, ſi abbigliavano, o ripeteva-<lb/>no i Balli, e dove ſi riponevano <lb/>le Macchine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2051" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div380" type="float" level="2" n="16"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0218-02" xlink:href="note-0218-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il Pa-<lb/>raſce-<lb/>nio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2052" xml:space="preserve">Vicino ancora ai Teatri eranvi <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0218-03a" xlink:href="note-0218-03"/> de’ pubblici Luoghi da paſſeggia-<lb/>re, lunghi uno Stadio, che fa <lb/>novanta pertiche incirca. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2053" xml:space="preserve">Erano <lb/>queſti piantati di file d’ Alberi, e <lb/>chiuſi tutti all’ intorno da doppj <lb/>Portici, ciaſchedun de’ quali era <lb/>tanto largo, quanto erano alte le <lb/>colonne del di fuori; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2054" xml:space="preserve">poichè le <lb/>interiori erano più alte d’ una <lb/>quinta parte, che l’eſteriori, ed <pb o="173" file="0219" n="219" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> erano anche d’Ordine differente: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2055" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè l’ eſteriori erano d’ <lb/>ordine Dorico, e le interiori d’ <lb/>ordine Jonico, ovvero Corintio,</s> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div381" type="float" level="2" n="17"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0218-03" xlink:href="note-0218-03a" xml:space="preserve">3 ILuo-<lb/>ghi da <lb/>Paſſeg-<lb/>gio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2056" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi coſtruivano i Porti <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0219-01a" xlink:href="note-0219-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0219-02a" xlink:href="note-0219-02"/> in due maniere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2057" xml:space="preserve">A quelli ch’ era-<lb/>no formati dalla natura, vi face-<lb/>vano ſoltanto de’ Portici all’ in-<lb/>torno con dei Magazzini, e dall’ <lb/>una all’ altra parte vi piantavano <lb/>delle Torri, dalle quali con Mac-<lb/>chine ſi poteva tirare dall’ una <lb/>all’ altra banda una catena per <lb/>chiuder il Porto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2058" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div382" type="float" level="2" n="18"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0219-01" xlink:href="note-0219-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>@. 13.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0219-02" xlink:href="note-0219-02a" xml:space="preserve">IV. I <lb/>Porti, <lb/>ch’era-<lb/>no o <lb/>Natu-<lb/>rali,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2059" xml:space="preserve">Quelli poi, ch’ erano artifizia-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0219-03a" xlink:href="note-0219-03"/> li, ſi fabbricavano in tre manie-<lb/>re. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2060" xml:space="preserve">La prima era di fare de’caſ-<lb/>ſoni o ſerragli di legname ſoltan-<lb/>tanto, ſenza votare l’ acqua rac-<lb/>chiuſa nel recinto de’ medeſimi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2061" xml:space="preserve">e <lb/>poi gettarvi tra sì fatti ſerragli delle <lb/>pietre, e della malta impaſtata con <lb/>la Pozzolana, il tutto alla rinfu-<lb/>ſa e ſenza ordine: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2062" xml:space="preserve">perchè ciò fa-<lb/>cea uſcir l’ acqua contenuta fra i <lb/>caſſoni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2063" xml:space="preserve">ed erano di più perſuaſi <pb o="174" file="0220" n="220" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> che quella malta ſeccherebbeſi in <lb/>mezzo all’ acqua.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2064" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div383" type="float" level="2" n="19"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0219-03" xlink:href="note-0219-03a" xml:space="preserve">o Ar-<lb/>tifizia-<lb/>li, che <lb/>ſi fab-<lb/>brica-<lb/>vano in <lb/>tre ma-<lb/>niere. <lb/>La pri-<lb/>ma.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2065" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda maniera era di fare <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0220-01a" xlink:href="note-0220-01"/> de’ caſſoni o ſerragli doppj, con <lb/>calcarvi dentro della terra graſſa <lb/>all’ ordinario; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2066" xml:space="preserve">e poi dopo che <lb/>s’ era votata l’ acqua col mezzo <lb/>di trombe, fabbricare nel fondo <lb/>del mare che v’ era tra quei ſer-<lb/>ragli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2067" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div384" type="float" level="2" n="20"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0220-01" xlink:href="note-0220-01a" xml:space="preserve">La ſe-<lb/>conda.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2068" xml:space="preserve">La terza maniera era di coſtruir <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0220-02a" xlink:href="note-0220-02"/> un Molo ſopra l’ orlo e gengiva <lb/>del Mare, e di gittarvelo dentro, <lb/>allorchè il lavoro era ſecco abba-<lb/>ſtanza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2069" xml:space="preserve">ciò che non richiedeva ſe <lb/>non due meſi di tempo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2070" xml:space="preserve">Per po-<lb/>ter far cadere queſto tal Molo in <lb/>Mare, lo fabbricavano metà ſull’ <lb/>orlo del Mare medeſimo, e metà <lb/>ſopra un letto di ſabbione, ch’eſ-<lb/>ſi formavano vicino al detto or-<lb/>lo, a fine che queſto ſabbione che <lb/>non era trattenuto ſe non che da <lb/>muri eretti ſolamente per ſoſten-<lb/>tarlo, durante il tempo in cui ſi <lb/>ſeccava il Molo, lo laſciaſſe cade- <pb o="175" file="0221" n="221" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> re, allorchè veniva il Mare a por-<lb/>tar via il Sabbione, dopo d’aver <lb/>atterrati i muri predetti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2071" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div385" type="float" level="2" n="21"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0220-02" xlink:href="note-0220-02a" xml:space="preserve">La ter-<lb/>za.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2072" xml:space="preserve">I Bagni degli Antichi erano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0221-01a" xlink:href="note-0221-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0221-02a" xlink:href="note-0221-02"/> compoſti di più ſtanze, altre per <lb/>gli Uomini, ed altre per le Fem-<lb/>mine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2073" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div386" type="float" level="2" n="22"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0221-01" xlink:href="note-0221-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5. <lb/>@. 10.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0221-02" xlink:href="note-0221-02a" xml:space="preserve">V. I Ba-<lb/>gni, che <lb/>aveva-<lb/>no più <lb/>parti <lb/>diffe-<lb/>renti.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2074" xml:space="preserve">Alcune di queſte ſtanze avea-<lb/>no un calor mite e temperato per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0221-03a" xlink:href="note-0221-03"/> riſcaldare inſenſibilmente i cor-<lb/>pi, e prepararli ad un calor <lb/>più forte e valevole a farli ſu-<lb/>dare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2075" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div387" type="float" level="2" n="23"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0221-03" xlink:href="note-0221-03a" xml:space="preserve">Per ri-<lb/>ſcaldar <lb/>a poco <lb/>a poco <lb/>i corpi,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2076" xml:space="preserve">La Camera ch’ era per far ſu-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0221-04a" xlink:href="note-0221-04"/> dare, e che gli Antichi appella-<lb/>vano Laconicum, era rotonda e <lb/>formata a volta a maniera di For-<lb/>no, pertugiata in alto da un’ <lb/>apertura rotonda, che ſi chiude-<lb/>va ed apriva con un coperchio di <lb/>rame, ſoſpeſo ad una catena, <lb/>per cui mezzo aumentavaſi e di-<lb/>minuivaſi il calore, a proporzio-<lb/>ne ch’ era alzato’, od abbaſſato il <lb/>detto coperchio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2077" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div388" type="float" level="2" n="24"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0221-04" xlink:href="note-0221-04a" xml:space="preserve">Per far <lb/>ſudare,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2078" xml:space="preserve">Un ſolo e medeſimo Fornello <pb o="176" file="0222" n="222" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> riſcaldava tanto l’ aria quanto <lb/>l’ acqua, atteſa la diſpoſizione <lb/>de’ luoghi, i quali erano più o <lb/>meno vicini al Fornello, donde <lb/>il calore communicavaſi alle ſtan-<lb/>ze per di ſotto i ſolaj, i quali <lb/>erano perforati.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2079" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2080" xml:space="preserve">L’acque erano anch’ eſſe diver-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0222-01a" xlink:href="note-0222-01"/> ſamente temperate dalla differen-<lb/>te ſituazione di tre gran Vaſi <lb/>di rame, l’ acqua de’ quali paſ-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0222-02a" xlink:href="note-0222-02"/> ſava dall’ uno nell’ altro; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2081" xml:space="preserve">e v’ <lb/>erano dei tubi, che portavano <lb/>queſte tre ſorti d’ acque ne’ Ba-<lb/>gni.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2082" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div389" type="float" level="2" n="25"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0222-01" xlink:href="note-0222-01a" xml:space="preserve">Per far <lb/>riſcal-<lb/>dar l’ <lb/>acqua,</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0222-02" xlink:href="note-0222-02a" xml:space="preserve">Per la-<lb/>varſi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2083" xml:space="preserve">L’ Accademie degli Antichi, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0222-03a" xlink:href="note-0222-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0222-04a" xlink:href="note-0222-04"/> ch’ eſſi chiamavano Paleſtre, luo-<lb/>go dove la Gioventù apprendeva <lb/>le lettere e gli eſercizj, erano <lb/>compoſte di tre parti, cioè d’ un <lb/>Periſtilo, d’ un Xiſto, e d’ uno <lb/>Stadio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2084" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div390" type="float" level="2" n="26"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0222-03" xlink:href="note-0222-03a" xml:space="preserve">IV. Le <lb/>Pale-<lb/>ſtre, che <lb/>aveano <lb/>più <lb/>parti <lb/>diffe-<lb/>renti, <lb/>cioè,</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0222-04" xlink:href="note-0222-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 5 <lb/>c. 11.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2085" xml:space="preserve">Il Periſtilo era una corte attor-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0222-05a" xlink:href="note-0222-05"/> niata da Portici, i quali erano di <lb/>due ſorti, cioè tre ve ne avea ch’ <lb/>erano ſemplici, ed uno doppio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2086" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div391" type="float" level="2" n="27"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0222-05" xlink:href="note-0222-05a" xml:space="preserve">1. Il Pe-<lb/>riſtilo, <lb/>che <lb/>avea <lb/>due ſor-<lb/>ti di <lb/>Portici.</note> </div> <pb o="177" file="0223" n="223" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2087" xml:space="preserve">I Semplici erano appoggiati a <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0223-01a" xlink:href="note-0223-01"/> tre pezzi di appartamenti compo-<lb/>ſti di molte Sale grandi, ove fa-<lb/>ceano i Filoſofi le loro diſpute e <lb/>le loro conferenze.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2088" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div392" type="float" level="2" n="28"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0223-01" xlink:href="note-0223-01a" xml:space="preserve">Tre <lb/>ſempli-<lb/>ci,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2089" xml:space="preserve">Il pezzo di appartamento ch’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0223-02a" xlink:href="note-0223-02"/> era per lungo del portico doppio, <lb/>ed una parte degli appartamenti <lb/>che formavano le due facciate, <lb/>erano diſtribuiti anch’ eſſi in più <lb/>membra, per gli ſtudj, e per gli <lb/>eſercizj della Gioventù: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2090" xml:space="preserve">poichè <lb/>v’ erano Scuole, Bagni, Stuffe e <lb/>Giuochi di Balla.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2091" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div393" type="float" level="2" n="29"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0223-02" xlink:href="note-0223-02a" xml:space="preserve">Un <lb/>dop-<lb/>pio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2092" xml:space="preserve">Lo Xiſto era un luogo piantato <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0223-03a" xlink:href="note-0223-03"/> d’ Alberi, e chiuſo da Portici <lb/>per ogni lato. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2093" xml:space="preserve">Queſti Portici era-<lb/>no di due ſorti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2094" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div394" type="float" level="2" n="30"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0223-03" xlink:href="note-0223-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. Lo <lb/>Xiſto, <lb/>che a@ <lb/>vea due <lb/>ſorre di <lb/>portici</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2095" xml:space="preserve">Uno era doppio, ed era appog-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0223-04a" xlink:href="note-0223-04"/> giato a quel pezzo di appartamen-<lb/>to, a cui era attaccato il Portico <lb/>doppio del Periſtilo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2096" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div395" type="float" level="2" n="31"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0223-04" xlink:href="note-0223-04a" xml:space="preserve">Uno <lb/>dop-<lb/>pio,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2097" xml:space="preserve">I Semplici faceano due ale. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2098" xml:space="preserve"> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0223-05a" xlink:href="note-0223-05"/> Sotto queſti Portici ſemplici v’ era-<lb/>no delle ſtrade un poco più fon-<lb/>de, dove ſi faceano gli eſercizj;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2099" xml:space="preserve"> <pb o="178" file="0224" n="224" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> e il rimanente del Portico era più <lb/>alto tanto a drita quanto a ſi-<lb/>niſtra, per coloro che voleano paſ-<lb/>ſeggiare, durante il tempo in cui <lb/>gli altri ſi eſercitavano nelle ſtra-<lb/>de profonde.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2100" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div396" type="float" level="2" n="32"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0223-05" xlink:href="note-0223-05a" xml:space="preserve">Due <lb/>ſem-<lb/>plici.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2101" xml:space="preserve">La Piazza ch’ era chuſa da que-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0224-01a" xlink:href="note-0224-01"/> ſti tre Portici, era piantata d’ Al-<lb/>beri, i quali ſaceano de’ ſtradoni, <lb/>dove s’ eſercitavano gli Atleti du-<lb/>rante l’ Inverno, quando era buon <lb/>tempo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2102" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div397" type="float" level="2" n="33"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0224-01" xlink:href="note-0224-01a" xml:space="preserve">Una <lb/>Pianura <lb/>d’ Albe-<lb/>ri.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2103" xml:space="preserve">Lo Stadio era a canto del pe-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0224-02a" xlink:href="note-0224-02"/> riſtilo e dello Xiſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2104" xml:space="preserve">Era queſto <lb/>uno ſtradone di novanta pertiche, <lb/>ſiancheggiato da una banda da <lb/>molti gradi, che formavano una <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0224-03a" xlink:href="note-0224-03"/> ſpezie di Teatro lungo, ed incur-<lb/>vato nei due eſtremi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2105" xml:space="preserve">Queſtigra-<lb/>di erano fatti, perchè la gente ſu <lb/>quelli poteſſe comodamente guar-<lb/>dare gli Atleti, mentre s’ eſercita-<lb/>vano nel corſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2106" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div398" type="float" level="2" n="34"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0224-02" xlink:href="note-0224-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. Lo <lb/>Stadio, <lb/>che a <lb/>veadue <lb/>parti; <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0224-03" xlink:href="note-0224-03a" xml:space="preserve">I gradi <lb/>degli <lb/>ſpetta-<lb/>tori: <lb/>La <lb/>piazza <lb/>per oli <lb/>eſercizj <lb/>del cor-<lb/>ſo.</note> </div> <pb o="179" file="0225" n="225" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div400" type="section" level="1" n="74"> <head xml:id="echoid-head183" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO II.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head184" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Fabbriche private.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head185" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph></head> <head xml:id="echoid-head186" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dei Cortili delle Caſe.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2107" xml:space="preserve">LE Caſe degli Antichi aveano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0225-01a" xlink:href="note-0225-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0225-02a" xlink:href="note-0225-02"/> cinque ſorti di Cortili, i <lb/>quali la maggior parte erano co-<lb/>perti tutti all’ intorno dagli ſpor-<lb/>ti che ſoſteneano il Canale, in <lb/>cui andavano ad unirſi ed a ſco-<lb/>lare tutte le acque dei tetti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2108" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div400" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0225-01" xlink:href="note-0225-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 3.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0225-02" xlink:href="note-0225-02a" xml:space="preserve">Li Cor-<lb/>tili del-<lb/>le Caſe <lb/>crano <lb/>di cin-<lb/>que <lb/>ſorte, <lb/>cioè,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2109" xml:space="preserve">Queſti Cortili fatti con iſporti <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0225-03a" xlink:href="note-0225-03"/> erano di quattro ſpezie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2110" xml:space="preserve">La pri-<lb/>ma chiamavaſi Toſcana. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2111" xml:space="preserve">Queſto <lb/>Cortile era attorniato da uno ſpor-<lb/>to, il cui pender era in piovere, <lb/>e ſi poſava ſu quattro travi ſoſte-<lb/>nuti da altri travi interpenſivi po-<lb/>ſti ne’ cantoni, e che venivano <lb/>ad incontrare i travi in quel luo-<lb/>go, dove s’ univano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2112" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div401" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0225-03" xlink:href="note-0225-03a" xml:space="preserve">Quat-<lb/>tro con <lb/>iſporti, <lb/>che ſi <lb/>chia-<lb/>mava-<lb/>no: <lb/>Il To-<lb/>ſcano.</note> </div> <pb o="180" file="0226" n="226" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2113" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda ſpezie era chiama-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0226-01a" xlink:href="note-0226-01"/> ta Corintia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2114" xml:space="preserve">Ella aveva le mede-<lb/>ſime travi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2115" xml:space="preserve">ma queſte erano un <lb/>poco più in fuori dei muri, di <lb/>quel che foſſero nei cortili Toſca-<lb/>ni, e poſavano ſopra colonne.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2116" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div402" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0226-01" xlink:href="note-0226-01a" xml:space="preserve">Il Co-<lb/>rintio.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2117" xml:space="preserve">La terza ſpezie era nominata <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0226-02a" xlink:href="note-0226-02"/> Tetraſtila, poichè le travi erano <lb/>ſoſtenute ſoltanto da quattro co-<lb/>lonne, le quali ſervivano in vece <lb/>de’ travi interpenſive che ſi ado-<lb/>peravano nel cortile Toſcano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2118" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div403" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0226-02" xlink:href="note-0226-02a" xml:space="preserve">Il Te-<lb/>traſtilo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2119" xml:space="preserve">La quarta ſpezie era quella fat-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0226-03a" xlink:href="note-0226-03"/> ta a Volte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2120" xml:space="preserve">perchè lo ſporto ch’ <lb/>avea tutto all’ intorno, era pog-<lb/>giato ſopra volte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2121" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div404" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0226-03" xlink:href="note-0226-03a" xml:space="preserve">Fatto a <lb/>Volte.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2122" xml:space="preserve">La quinta ſpezie di Cortile che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0226-04a" xlink:href="note-0226-04"/> non avea ſporto alcuno, e che <lb/>tenea il nome di Scoperto o Diſ-<lb/>pluviato, avea il Canale in cui <lb/>ſcolavan le acque poſto a livello <lb/>ſolamente del muro, e queſto <lb/>era coperto ſoltanto dal tetto ſen-<lb/>za che veniſſe in fuori col pio-<lb/>vere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2123" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div405" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0226-04" xlink:href="note-0226-04a" xml:space="preserve">E uno <lb/>Scoper-<lb/>to.</note> </div> <pb o="181" file="0227" n="227" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div407" type="section" level="1" n="75"> <head xml:id="echoid-head187" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head188" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Degli Atrj o Veſtiboli.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2124" xml:space="preserve">LE Caſe degli Antichi aveano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0227-01a" xlink:href="note-0227-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0227-02a" xlink:href="note-0227-02"/> degli Atrj o Veſtiboli grandi <lb/>e magnifici: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2125" xml:space="preserve">aveano queſti tal-<lb/>volta fino a quindici pertiche di <lb/>lunghezza e nove di larghezza, e <lb/>venivano ſoſtenuti da due file di <lb/>colonne, che faceano un’ Ala per <lb/>parte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2126" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div407" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0227-01" xlink:href="note-0227-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 4.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0227-02" xlink:href="note-0227-02a" xml:space="preserve">La pre-<lb/>porzio-<lb/>ne de-<lb/>gli Atrj <lb/>ſi pren-<lb/>deva in <lb/>tre ma-<lb/>niere, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2127" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione della loro lar-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0227-03a" xlink:href="note-0227-03"/> ghezza con la lunghezza prende-<lb/>vaſi in tre maniere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2128" xml:space="preserve">La prima <lb/>era, quando diviſa la lunghezza <lb/>in cinque parti, davanſene tre <lb/>alla larghezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2129" xml:space="preserve">la ſeconda, quan-<lb/>do diviſa quella in tre, alla lar-<lb/>ghezza ſe ne aſſegnavano due: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2130" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>terza, quando dopo d’ aver for-<lb/>mato un quadrato perfetto, pren-<lb/>devaſi per la lunghezza la diago-<lb/>nale di tal quadrato, e la laterale <lb/>per la larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2131" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div408" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0227-03" xlink:href="note-0227-03a" xml:space="preserve">I. Dalla <lb/>loro <lb/>lun-<lb/>ghezza <lb/>alla lo-<lb/>ro lar-<lb/>ghezza, <lb/>ch’ era <lb/>di tre <lb/>ſorta. <lb/>La pri-<lb/>ma: la <lb/>ſecon-<lb/>da: la <lb/>terza.</note> </div> <pb o="182" file="0228" n="228" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2132" xml:space="preserve">L’ altezza poi era tale, che le-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0228-01a" xlink:href="note-0228-01"/> vatone un quarto della lunghez-<lb/>za, il reſto ſi dava alla altezza, <lb/>miſurando dal pavimento da baſſo <lb/>fino alla trave o catena del tetto, <lb/>che ſoſtentava l’ arca o ſia la caſſa <lb/>di tutto il colmo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2133" xml:space="preserve">avvertendo in-<lb/>oltre che il colmo dovea eſſer pro-<lb/>fondato, o rizzato in declivio ſo-<lb/>pra il Lacunare o travatura, la <lb/>ſettima parte di tutta l’ altezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2134" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div409" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0228-01" xlink:href="note-0228-01a" xml:space="preserve">II. Dal-<lb/>la loro <lb/>lun-<lb/>ghezza <lb/>alla lo-<lb/>10 al-<lb/>tezza.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2135" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione, che l’ Andito <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0228-02a" xlink:href="note-0228-02"/> di mezzo tra le Colonne avea <lb/>con le Ale, era differente ſecon-<lb/>do la grandezza degli Atrj: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2136" xml:space="preserve">poi-<lb/>chè quanto più erano grandi gli <lb/>Atrj, tanto meno larghe erano <lb/>le Ale a proporzione dell’ Andito <lb/>di mezzo: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2137" xml:space="preserve">in maniera che quan-<lb/>do l’ Atrio era lungo cento pie-<lb/>di, le Ale non erano più larghe <lb/>della quinta parte di tal lunghez-<lb/>za; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2138" xml:space="preserve">e quando eſſo non avea di <lb/>lunghezza che trenta piedi, davaſi <lb/>alle Ale la terza parte.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2139" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div410" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0228-02" xlink:href="note-0228-02a" xml:space="preserve">III. <lb/>Dalla <lb/>Nave di <lb/>mezzo <lb/>alle Ale.</note> </div> <pb o="183" file="0229" n="229" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div412" type="section" level="1" n="76"> <head xml:id="echoid-head189" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head190" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Sale.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2140" xml:space="preserve">AVeano gli Antichi tre ſpezie <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0229-01a" xlink:href="note-0229-01"/> di Sale, cioè le Corintie, <lb/>l’ Egiziane, e le Cizicene.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2141" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div412" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0229-01" xlink:href="note-0229-01a" xml:space="preserve">V’ era-<lb/>no tre <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>di Sale</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2142" xml:space="preserve">Le Corintie aveano delle Co-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0229-02a" xlink:href="note-0229-02"/> lonne dintorno appreſſo i pareti, <lb/>e tali Colonne ſoſtentavano il cielo <lb/>ſatto bensì a volta, ma alquanto <lb/>ſchiacciato e piano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2143" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div413" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0229-02" xlink:href="note-0229-02a" xml:space="preserve">Le Co-<lb/>rintie,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2144" xml:space="preserve">Le Sale Egiziane aveano le lo-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0229-03a" xlink:href="note-0229-03"/> ro Colonne d’ intorno alquanto <lb/>lontane dai pareti a maniera di <lb/>Periſtilo, e ſoſtentavano ſolamen-<lb/>te un Architrave ſenza Fregio, e <lb/>ſenza Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2145" xml:space="preserve">Ma ſopra queſto <lb/>Architrave vi avea un altro ordi-<lb/>ne di Colonne, tra le quali v’ <lb/>erano le fineſtre che davano lume <lb/>alla parte di dentro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2146" xml:space="preserve">Lo ſpazio <lb/>poi che v’ era dall’ Architrave che <lb/>ſoſteneva le colonne di ſopra fino <lb/>ai pareti, era coperto di un pa- <pb o="184" file="0230" n="230" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> vimento, e ſerviva di loggia per <lb/>paſſeggiare dintorno la Sala allo <lb/>ſcoperto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2147" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div414" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0229-03" xlink:href="note-0229-03a" xml:space="preserve">L’Egi-<lb/>ziane.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2148" xml:space="preserve">Le Sale Cizicene aveano queſto <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0230-01a" xlink:href="note-0230-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0230-02a" xlink:href="note-0230-02"/> di particolare, ch’ erano voltate <lb/>al Settentrione, ed aveano la ve-<lb/>duta ſopra Giardini. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2149" xml:space="preserve">Erano eſſe <lb/>principalmente in uſo appreſſo i <lb/>Greci.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2150" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div415" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0230-01" xlink:href="note-0230-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le Ci-<lb/>zicene.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0230-02" xlink:href="note-0230-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 6.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2151" xml:space="preserve">La proporzione delle Sale era <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0230-03a" xlink:href="note-0230-03"/> queſta, che la loro lunghezza foſ-<lb/>ſe il doppio della larghezza loro: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2152" xml:space="preserve">quanto poi a ciò che concerne la <lb/>loro altezza, oſſervavaſi queſta re-<lb/>gola, per avere l’ altezza di tutte <lb/>le ſorte di ſtanze, che ſono più <lb/>lunghe che larghe: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2153" xml:space="preserve">univanſi in-<lb/>ſieme la lunghezza e la larghez-<lb/>za loro, e di quella ſomma pren-<lb/>devaſi la metà per la loro al-<lb/>tezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2154" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div416" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0230-03" xlink:href="note-0230-03a" xml:space="preserve">La pro-<lb/>pòrzio-<lb/>ne del-<lb/>le Sale.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2155" xml:space="preserve">Le Stanze che non erano più <lb/>lunghe che larghe, ma quadra-<lb/>te, aveano in altezza tutta la loro <lb/>larghezza, e la metà della mede-<lb/>ſima larghezza.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2156" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb o="185" file="0231" n="231" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div418" type="section" level="1" n="77"> <head xml:id="echoid-head191" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head192" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della Diſtribuzione degli Ap-<lb/>partamenti degli Antichi.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2157" xml:space="preserve">IRomani e i Greci ordinavano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0231-01a" xlink:href="note-0231-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0231-02a" xlink:href="note-0231-02"/> e diſtribuivano in differente <lb/>maniera i loro Appartamenti. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2158" xml:space="preserve">Poichè i Romani aveano Cortili <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0231-03a" xlink:href="note-0231-03"/> ed Atrj, ſiccome già s’ è detto; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2159" xml:space="preserve">ma ciò non ſi vedeva nelle Caſe <lb/>de’ Greci, perchè queſte aveano <lb/>ſoltanto un’ Entrata, ovvero un <lb/>Andito aſſai ſtretto, per il quale <lb/>ſi paſſava in un Periſtilo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2160" xml:space="preserve">Tale <lb/>Andito da una parte avea la Stan-<lb/>za del Portinajo, e dall’ altra le <lb/>Stale de’ Cavalli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2161" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div418" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0231-01" xlink:href="note-0231-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 10.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0231-02" xlink:href="note-0231-02a" xml:space="preserve">La Di-<lb/>ſtribu-<lb/>zione <lb/>degli <lb/>Appar-<lb/>tamen-<lb/>ti era <lb/>dlffe-<lb/>rente <lb/>preſſo <lb/>ai Gre-<lb/>ci ed ai <lb/>Roma-<lb/>ni.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0231-03" xlink:href="note-0231-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 6. <lb/>c. 3.e 4.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2162" xml:space="preserve">Le Caſe di queſte due Nazio-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0231-04a" xlink:href="note-0231-04"/> ni erano differenti ancora in que-<lb/>ſto, che gli Appartamenti delle <lb/>Donne appreſſo i Greci erano <lb/>ſeparati da quelli degli Uomini; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2163" xml:space="preserve">in maniera tale che aveano ſino <lb/>de’ luoghi a parte per mangiare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2164" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div419" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0231-04" xlink:href="note-0231-04a" xml:space="preserve">I Greci <lb/>aveano <lb/>tre ſor-<lb/>te d’ <lb/>Appar-<lb/>tamen-<lb/>ti, cioè <lb/>Quelli <lb/>degli <lb/>Uomi-<lb/>ni,</note> </div> <pb o="186" file="0232" n="232" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2165" xml:space="preserve">Aveano ancora delle Foreſterie, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0232-01a" xlink:href="note-0232-01"/> o Appartamenti di riſerva per i <lb/>Foreſtieri, e in queſti gli davano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0232-02a" xlink:href="note-0232-02"/> ſoltanto d’ alloggiare, perchè non <lb/>gl’ invitavano a menſa, e non <lb/>gli banchettavano, ſe non che <lb/>il primo giorno in cui arriva-<lb/>vano.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2166" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div420" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0232-01" xlink:href="note-0232-01a" xml:space="preserve">Quelli <lb/>delle <lb/>Donne</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0232-02" xlink:href="note-0232-02a" xml:space="preserve">Quelli <lb/>de’ Fore-<lb/>ſtieri.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div422" type="section" level="1" n="78"> <head xml:id="echoid-head193" xml:space="preserve">CAPITOLO III.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head194" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle coſe, che appartenevano <lb/>ugualmente alle Fabbriche Pub-<lb/>bliche, e alle Private.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head195" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Primo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head196" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Della condotta delle Acque <lb/>delle Fontane.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2167" xml:space="preserve">ECoſa molto importante per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0232-03a" xlink:href="note-0232-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0232-04a" xlink:href="note-0232-04"/> condurre le Acque il livel-<lb/>larle, a fine di ſapere, s’ elle poſ-<lb/>ſano andare a que’ luoghi, ove <lb/>ſi pretende di condurle. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2168" xml:space="preserve">Adope-<lb/>ravano per ciò gli Antichi un <pb o="187" file="0233" n="233" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> iſtrumento chiamato Chorobate, <lb/>il quale veniva diretto dal piom-<lb/>bo pendente, e talvolta anche <lb/>dall’ acqua, quando il vento im-<lb/>pediva col movimento che ſi po-<lb/>teſſe uſar il piombo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2169" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div422" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0232-03" xlink:href="note-0232-03a" xml:space="preserve">La ma-<lb/>niera <lb/>degli <lb/>Anti-<lb/>chi per <lb/>livellar <lb/>Pacque.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0232-04" xlink:href="note-0232-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 8. <lb/>c. 6.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2170" xml:space="preserve">Conducevano gli Antichi le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0233-01a" xlink:href="note-0233-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0233-02a" xlink:href="note-0233-02"/> acque in tre maniere, cioè a di-<lb/>re per via d’ Acquedotti, per via <lb/>di Cannoni di piombo, e per via <lb/>di Cannoni di terra cotta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2171" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div423" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0233-01" xlink:href="note-0233-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 8. <lb/>c. 7.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0233-02" xlink:href="note-0233-02a" xml:space="preserve">Le con-<lb/>duce-<lb/>vano <lb/>con tre <lb/>ſorte di <lb/>Canali, <lb/>cioè</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2172" xml:space="preserve">Ai Canali, o Letti degli Ac-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0233-03a" xlink:href="note-0233-03"/> quedotti davano mezzo piede di <lb/>pendìo o livello per ogni cento <lb/>piedi di lunghezza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2173" xml:space="preserve">e quando s’ in-<lb/>contravano montagne nel loro <lb/>cammino, le foravano, e vi fa-<lb/>ceano de’ pozzi di ſpazio in iſpa-<lb/>zio, i quali pozzi andavano a ri-<lb/>ferire con la loro bocca ſino alla <lb/>cima della montagna, per darvi <lb/>aria.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2174" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div424" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0233-03" xlink:href="note-0233-03a" xml:space="preserve">Con <lb/>Acque-<lb/>dotti.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2175" xml:space="preserve">I Cannoni di piombo erano <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0233-04a" xlink:href="note-0233-04"/> lunghi almeno nove piedi Gli <lb/>faceano gli Antichi di lame pie-<lb/>gate in tondo, e di groſſezze dif- <pb o="188" file="0234" n="234" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> ferenti, ſecondo la proporzione <lb/>della groſſezza de’ Cannoni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2176" xml:space="preserve">Per <lb/>condur queſti Cannoni ſe gli da-<lb/>va quel pendio, ch’ era neceſſa-<lb/>rio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2177" xml:space="preserve">e quando vi s’ incontrava <lb/>una qualche valle nel cammino <lb/>loro, ella veniva livellata e pa-<lb/>reggiata, con apparecchiarvi di <lb/>ſotto una Muratura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2178" xml:space="preserve">Se però le <lb/>valli erano molto lunghe, ſi fa-<lb/>ceano diſcendere i corſi dei Can-<lb/>noni in luogo chino, per poi far-<lb/>li di nuovo riſalire. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2179" xml:space="preserve">Faceano an-<lb/>cora gli Antichi di ſpazio in iſpa-<lb/>zio alcuni ſpiragli, per cui far <lb/>ſortire i venti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2180" xml:space="preserve">e de’ caſtelli o <lb/>conſerve per conoſcere più facil-<lb/>mente ſe i Cannoni abbiano fat-<lb/>to danno, e potervi rimediare in <lb/>qualſivéglia ſito.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2181" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div425" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0233-04" xlink:href="note-0233-04a" xml:space="preserve">Con <lb/>Canno-<lb/>ni di <lb/>piom-<lb/>bo.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2182" xml:space="preserve">I Cannoni di terra cotta era-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0234-01a" xlink:href="note-0234-01"/> no groſſi due dita, e ſmuſſati da <lb/>una parte, acciocchè uno poteſſe <lb/>entrare nell’ altro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2183" xml:space="preserve">Dipoi le im-<lb/>boccature di que’ Cannoni ſi ot-<lb/>turavano con calce viva ſtempe- <pb o="189" file="0235" n="235" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> rata nell’ olio: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2184" xml:space="preserve">e quando occorre-<lb/>va fare qualche gombito o piega-<lb/>tura, ſi adoperava una pietra di <lb/>ſaſſo roſſo, e queſta forata, ac-<lb/>ciocchè poteſſe ricevere e unire <lb/>in eſſa le due eſtrimità de’ Can-<lb/>noni.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2185" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div426" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0234-01" xlink:href="note-0234-01a" xml:space="preserve">Con <lb/>Canno-<lb/>ni di <lb/>terra <lb/>cotta.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div428" type="section" level="1" n="79"> <head xml:id="echoid-head197" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Secondo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head198" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ Pozzi e delle Ciſterne.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2186" xml:space="preserve">AVendo oſſervato, che le Ac-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0235-01a" xlink:href="note-0235-01"/> que ſotterranee hanno ſo-<lb/>vente delle qualità cattive, e ch’ <lb/>eſalano vapori capaci di ſoffocar <lb/>coloro che lavorano ne’ pozzi, <lb/>allorchè, ſcavati che ſiano, co-<lb/>mincia l’ acqua a raunarſi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2187" xml:space="preserve">uſa-<lb/>vano gli Antichi queſta cautela, <lb/>di calarvi giù una lucerna acce-<lb/>ſa: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2188" xml:space="preserve">e ſe quella per la forza del <lb/>vapore veniva eſtinta, era queſto <lb/>un indizio della cattiva qualità <lb/>dell’ acqua.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2189" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div428" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0235-01" xlink:href="note-0235-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le cau-<lb/>tele ch’ <lb/>uſavano <lb/>gli An-<lb/>tichi <lb/>nello <lb/>ſcavare <lb/>i pozzi.</note> </div> <pb o="190" file="0236" n="236" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2190" xml:space="preserve">Le Ciſterne facevanſi racco-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0236-01a" xlink:href="note-0236-01"/> gliendo l’ acqua della pioggia nel-<lb/>le conſerve ſotterra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2191" xml:space="preserve">di cui i mu-<lb/>ri laterali, ed il fondo fabbrica-<lb/>vanſi con malta fatta di calcina <lb/>viva fortiſſima, di aſpriſſimo ſab-<lb/>bione, e di giera e ſcagliuzze <lb/>mezzane, il tutto ben battuto e <lb/>miſto ieſieme. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2192" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi face-<lb/>vano molti Conſeruatoj, acciocchè <lb/>paſſando l’ acqua dall’ uno nell’ al-<lb/>tro deponeſſe e laſciaſſe tutto il <lb/>limo ne’ primi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2193" xml:space="preserve">Eſſi ancora get-<lb/>tavano nell’ acqua delle loro Ci-<lb/>ſterne un poco di ſale, per ren-<lb/>derla più ſottile e più leggiera.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2194" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div429" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0236-01" xlink:href="note-0236-01a" xml:space="preserve">Nel far <lb/>le Ci-<lb/>ſterne.</note> </div> <pb o="191" file="0237" n="237" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div431" type="section" level="1" n="80"> <head xml:id="echoid-head199" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Terzo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head200" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Macchine per portare, e per <lb/>ſollevare i ſaſſi e gli al-<lb/>tri pȩſi.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2195" xml:space="preserve">CTeſifonte e Metagene ſuo fi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0237-01a" xlink:href="note-0237-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0237-02a" xlink:href="note-0237-02"/> gliuolo Architetti del Tem-<lb/>pio d’ Efeſo inventarono delle <lb/>Macchine per condurre quei gran <lb/>pezzi di pietre, che dovevano ſer-<lb/>vire per fare le Colonne e gli Ar-<lb/>chitravi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2196" xml:space="preserve">Quella che fu fatta per <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0237-03a" xlink:href="note-0237-03"/> tirare i fuſti delle Colonne, era <lb/>una ſpezie di Telajo fatto di quat-<lb/>tro pezzi di legno ben conneſſi, <lb/>cioè due traverſi congiunti con <lb/>due lunghi quanto i fuſti delle <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0237-04a" xlink:href="note-0237-04"/> colonne: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2197" xml:space="preserve">poi nelle teſte dei fuſti <lb/>delle Colonne impiombavano bene <lb/>un fuſo o pirone di ferro per ban-<lb/>da; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2198" xml:space="preserve">e nei due traverſi del Telajo <lb/>vi ponevano due armille o cer-<lb/>chielli di fero, nei quali faceva-<lb/>no entrar i detti pironi a guiſa <pb o="192" file="0238" n="238" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> di aſſe: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2199" xml:space="preserve">così tirando i buoi la <lb/>Macchina, i pironi rinchiuſi nei <lb/>cerchielli ſi andavano continua-<lb/>mente vogliendo, e con eſſi per <lb/>conſeguenza ſi girava attorno an-<lb/>che la Colonna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2200" xml:space="preserve">e in queſto mo-<lb/>do ella ſerviva a ſe ſteſſa di Ruo-<lb/>ta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2201" xml:space="preserve">Queſta invenzione era riuſci-<lb/>ta aſſai bene, atteſa la diſpoſr-<lb/>zione del luogo per cui tali pie-<lb/>tre dovevanſi traſportare, perchè <lb/>era tutta campagna piana ed u-<lb/>guale.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2202" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div431" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0237-01" xlink:href="note-0237-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>6.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0237-02" xlink:href="note-0237-02a" xml:space="preserve">LeMac-<lb/>chine, <lb/>per le <lb/>Fabbri-<lb/>che era-<lb/>no fatte <lb/>a due fi-<lb/>ni, cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0237-03" xlink:href="note-0237-03a" xml:space="preserve">Perti-<lb/>rare le <lb/>pietre, <lb/>ch’ era-<lb/>no di <lb/>forma</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0237-04" xlink:href="note-0237-04a" xml:space="preserve">1. Cilin-<lb/>drica.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2203" xml:space="preserve">L’ altra Macchina fatta per con-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0238-01a" xlink:href="note-0238-01"/> durre gli Architravi era un Tela-<lb/>jo conſimile, che rinchiudeva due <lb/>Ruote aſſai grandi; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2204" xml:space="preserve">e nel mezzo <lb/>o centro di queſte v’ incaſſavano <lb/>bene le teſte dell’ Architrave, il <lb/>quale ſervendo come di aſſe, <lb/>veniva in tal modo ſoſtentato <lb/>dalle Ruote medeſime: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2205" xml:space="preserve">poi con <lb/>la ſteſſa ragione di mettervi i pi-<lb/>roni ed i cerchielli, conducevano <lb/>anche queſte pietre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2206" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div432" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-01" xlink:href="note-0238-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Qua-<lb/>drata <lb/>bislun-<lb/>ga.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2207" xml:space="preserve">Una terza Macchina fu anco-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0238-02a" xlink:href="note-0238-02"/> <pb o="193" file="0239" n="239" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ra inventata per traſportare la <lb/>gran pietra che dovea ſervir di <lb/>Baſe alla Statua coloſſale d’ Apol-<lb/>lo, perchè era lunga dodici pie-<lb/>di, alta cinque e mezzo, elarga <lb/>ſette e quattro pollici. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2208" xml:space="preserve">Si fecero <lb/>dunque due gran Ruote, nelle <lb/>quali eſſendo incaſſate e ben chiu-<lb/>ſele teſte della pietra, veniva el-<lb/>la dalle ruote ſoſtentata: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2209" xml:space="preserve">poi da <lb/>una ruota all’ altra attaccarono <lb/>dei fuſi che univano inſieme le <lb/>ruote, e che formavano una ſpe-<lb/>cie di rochello attorno la detta <lb/>pietra, e intorno ai fuſi di quel <lb/>rochello vi circondarono delle fu-<lb/>ni, le quali le facevano tirare da’ <lb/>buoi, e così ſciogliendoſi le funi, <lb/>voltavanſi attorno le ruote. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2210" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>gli però che avea tentato il tra-<lb/>ſporto di queſta pietra col mezzo <lb/>della detta Macchina, non potè <lb/>riuſcire nella ſua idea; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2211" xml:space="preserve">perchè <lb/>non potendo i buoi tirare d’ una <lb/>ugual forza le funi, la Macchina <lb/>non andava maidritta, maſi vol- <pb o="194" file="0240" n="240" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> geva ora in una parte ora nell’ <lb/>altra, dal che per drizzarla era <lb/>duopo di quando in quando ti-<lb/>rarla di nuovo indietro, e così la <lb/>fatica era vana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2212" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div433" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-02" xlink:href="note-0238-02a" xml:space="preserve">3. Cu-<lb/>bica.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2213" xml:space="preserve">Per ciò, che concerne la eleva-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0240-01a" xlink:href="note-0240-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0240-02a" xlink:href="note-0240-02"/> zione dei peſi gravi, aveavi tre <lb/>ſorte di Macchine. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2214" xml:space="preserve">La prima era <lb/>una Cavaletta o gaverna che ſi di-<lb/>ca, compoſta di tre pezzi di le-<lb/>gno, i quali nelle teſte di ſopra <lb/>erano congiunti da un pirone o <lb/>cavicchia che trapaſſava d’uno nell’ <lb/>altro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2215" xml:space="preserve">Drizzati poi detti legni era-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0240-03a" xlink:href="note-0240-03"/> no in tal guiſa da baſſo allargati, <lb/>che due di eſſi ſtavano da un la-<lb/>to, e ſeparati l’uno dall’ altro, e <lb/>il terzo era loro oppoſto: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2216" xml:space="preserve">poi ne’ <lb/>due legni ch’ erano da una ſteſſa <lb/>banda, ſi ſiccavano due caſtignol-<lb/>le o gattelli, alle quali ſi racco-<lb/>mandava un Molinello che tirava <lb/>una fune, la quale paſſava per <lb/>una Taglia o Recamo a tre ro-<lb/>telle, di cui la parte che conte-<lb/>neva due rotellle era attaccata nel- <pb o="195" file="0241" n="241" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> la ſommità della Macchina, e la <lb/>parte di ſotto che conteneva la <lb/>terza rotella era attaccata al peſo <lb/>da ſollevarſi.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2217" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div434" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0240-01" xlink:href="note-0240-01a" xml:space="preserve">11. Per <lb/>ſolle-<lb/>vare e <lb/>metter <lb/>a ſuo <lb/>luogo le <lb/>pietre <lb/>grandi. <lb/>Erano <lb/>queſte <lb/>di tre <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0240-02" xlink:href="note-0240-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10 <lb/>c. 2.</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0240-03" xlink:href="note-0240-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Quel-<lb/>le, che <lb/>ſi ma-<lb/>meggia-<lb/>vano <lb/>per <lb/>mezzo <lb/>di un <lb/>Moli-<lb/>nello.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2218" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda Macchina era più <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0241-01a" xlink:href="note-0241-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0241-02a" xlink:href="note-0241-02"/> poſſente della prima in queſto, <lb/>che avea due Taglie, ciaſcuna con <lb/>due ordini di rotelle, e che in <lb/>luogo di un Molinello avea una <lb/>gran Ruota, o ſia Timpano, dal <lb/>quale veniva tirata una fune paſ-<lb/>ſata nelle dette rotelle, e ſopra <lb/>il Timpano avea un’ altra fune <lb/>intortigliata, la quale era tirata <lb/>da un’ Argana. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2219" xml:space="preserve">Quella Ruota o <lb/>Timpano che noi vogliamo chia-<lb/>marla, talvolta era così grande e <lb/>vuota, ſicchè di dentro vi poteſ-<lb/>ſero camminar uomini, e farla <lb/>girare ſenz’ Argana.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2220" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div435" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0241-01" xlink:href="note-0241-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>@ 5.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0241-02" xlink:href="note-0241-02a" xml:space="preserve">2. Quel-<lb/>le che ſi <lb/>maneg-<lb/>giava-<lb/>no per <lb/>mezzo <lb/>di una <lb/>Ruo-<lb/>ta, c</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2221" xml:space="preserve">La terza avea ſolamente un lun-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0241-03a" xlink:href="note-0241-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0241-04a" xlink:href="note-0241-04"/> go e forte pezzo di legno, il qua-<lb/>le veniva aſſicurato, e tenuto fer-<lb/>mo da quattro bande con quattro <lb/>ſarte, come appunto ſi ſuol ſare <lb/>ad un’ albero d’un naviglio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2222" xml:space="preserve">Per <pb o="196" file="0242" n="242" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> mezzo delle dette ſarte facevaſi <lb/>piegare e voltare quel pezzo di <lb/>legno da qual parte ſi voleva, <lb/>ogni qualvolta da una banda le <lb/>ſarte ſi tiravano, e dall’altra de-<lb/>ſtramente ſi ammollavano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2223" xml:space="preserve">Le <lb/>Taglie poi, tanto quella ch’ era <lb/>attaccata di ſopra alla trave, quan-<lb/>to quella ch’ era attaccata al pe-<lb/>ſo, aveano ciaſcheduna tre ordi-<lb/>ni di rotelle, le quali erano al <lb/>numero di tre per ciaſcun’ ordi-<lb/>ne, a fine di farvi paſſar eſſe tre <lb/>funi, le quali ſi riportavano re-<lb/>golatamente da un’ ordine all’al-<lb/>tro delle rotelle della Taglia di <lb/>ſopra a quella di ſotto, e non <lb/>venivano tirate già per via di Mo-<lb/>linelli o di Ruote, ma dopo eſ-<lb/>ſer calate a piè della Macchina, <lb/>dove era legata una terza Taglia <lb/>di tre rotelle al pari, venivano paſ-<lb/>ſate ciaſcheduna di eſſe funi per <lb/>una di quelle rotelle, e a ogni <lb/>capo ſi attaccavano più perſone in <lb/>fila, dalle quali ſi facevano ordi- <pb o="197" file="0243" n="243" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> natamente tirare; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2224" xml:space="preserve">e così con fa-<lb/>cilità la Macchina ſollevava i peſi <lb/>e prontamente e vigoroſamente.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2225" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div436" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0241-03" xlink:href="note-0241-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>@ 5.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0241-04" xlink:href="note-0241-04a" xml:space="preserve">3. Quel-<lb/>le, che <lb/>ſi ma-<lb/>neggia-<lb/>vano a <lb/>forza <lb/>d’ uo-<lb/>mini.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div438" type="section" level="1" n="81"> <head xml:id="echoid-head201" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quarto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head202" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Macchine per alzare <lb/>le Acque.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2226" xml:space="preserve">ERano queſte Macchine di cin-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0243-01a" xlink:href="note-0243-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0243-02a" xlink:href="note-0243-02"/> que ſpezie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2227" xml:space="preserve">La prima era il <lb/>Timpano, di cui aveavene due <lb/>ſorte: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2228" xml:space="preserve">il primo levava una quan-<lb/>tità d’ acqua, ma poco in alto: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2229" xml:space="preserve">poichè eſſa non montava che <lb/>all’ aſſe dello ſteſſo Timpano, il <lb/>quale era una gran Ruota fatta di <lb/>tavole fermate e poſte inſieme, <lb/>nel di cui concavo otto tavole era-<lb/>no poſte per traverſo, che con <lb/>uno de’ capi loro toccavano l’ aſ-<lb/>ſe, e con l’ altro l’ eſtrema cir-<lb/>conferenza, e compartivano la <lb/>parte di dentro in otto ſpacj e-<lb/>guali; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2230" xml:space="preserve">poi d intorno alla fronte, <lb/>o circonferenza, cioe per taglio del <pb o="198" file="0244" n="244" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> Timpano, in ciaſcheduna di quelle <lb/>ſeparazioni v’era un’ apertura o bu-<lb/>co di mezzo piede, acciocchè l’ac-<lb/>qua vi poteſſe entrare nel Timpano, <lb/>dal quale poi eſſendo alzata e man-<lb/>data ſopra l’aſſe, ſi ſcolava per via <lb/>dei buchi o colombari cavati nell’ <lb/>aſſe come tanti canali a drittura di <lb/>ciaſcuno di quei compartimenti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2231" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div438" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0243-01" xlink:href="note-0243-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>@ 9.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0243-02" xlink:href="note-0243-02a" xml:space="preserve">Aveavi <lb/>cinque <lb/>ſpezie <lb/>di Mac-<lb/>chine <lb/>per al-<lb/>zar <lb/>l’acque, <lb/>cioè <lb/>1. Il <lb/>Tim-<lb/>pàno,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2232" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda Macchina era una <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0244-01a" xlink:href="note-0244-01"/> Ruota, che levava l’acqua tanto <lb/>alto, quanto era la ſua circonfe-<lb/>renza; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2233" xml:space="preserve">e ciò per mezzo di molte <lb/>Caſſelle, che vi erano incaſtrate <lb/>d’ intorno alla ſua ſronte, e che <lb/>verſavano la loro acqua in un va-<lb/>ſo o conſerva molto capace, al-<lb/>lorchè dopo eſſer levate in alto, <lb/>cominciavano a calar a baſſo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2234" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div439" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0244-01" xlink:href="note-0244-01a" xml:space="preserve">11. La <lb/>Ruota <lb/>a Caſ-<lb/>ſelle,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2235" xml:space="preserve">La terza Macchina era la Cate-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0244-02a" xlink:href="note-0244-02"/> na a Vaſi: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2236" xml:space="preserve">eſſa era raddoppiata <lb/>c rivolta per ſoſtentare e innalza-<lb/>re certe ſpezie di vaſi o ſecchielli, <lb/>i quali facevano come una coro-<lb/>na, che appoggiata ſopra la fronte <lb/>d’ una Ruota, alzava in alto l’ac- <pb o="199" file="0245" n="245" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> qua cavata da quei vaſi, ela ver-<lb/>ſava in una ſpezie di tinazzo, o <lb/>conſerva allorchè imentovati vaſi <lb/>ſi voltavano per diſcendere.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2237" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div440" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0244-02" xlink:href="note-0244-02a" xml:space="preserve">III. Le <lb/>Catene <lb/>a Vaſi,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2238" xml:space="preserve">La quarta Macchina era la Vi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0245-01a" xlink:href="note-0245-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0245-02a" xlink:href="note-0245-02"/> da, che ſi attribuiſce ad Archi-<lb/>mede, quantunque Vitruvio non <lb/>nomini l’ Inventore. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2239" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Vi-<lb/>da era fatta di un pezzo di le-<lb/>gno lungo ſedici volte quanto era <lb/>il ſuo diametro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2240" xml:space="preserve">attorno del le-<lb/>gno vi ſi poneva obbliquamente <lb/>una piana di Selice o Vitice un-<lb/>ta di liquida pece; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2241" xml:space="preserve">e queſta fa-<lb/>cevaſi poi girare intorno da un <lb/>capo all’ altro di quel pezzo di <lb/>legno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2242" xml:space="preserve">Sopra tal piana ponevan-<lb/>ſene dell’ altre, tanto ch’eſſe fa-<lb/>ceſſero la giravolta come d’una di <lb/>quelle Scale che ſon fatte a lumaca. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2243" xml:space="preserve">Fatto queſto coprivaſi quell’ in-<lb/>voglio o Vida con tavole, che al <lb/>di dentro s’ impegolavano, e al <lb/>di fuori ſi legavano con cerchjdi <lb/>ferro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2244" xml:space="preserve">Su le due teſte poi del le-<lb/>gno ſi ponevano dei pironi, i <pb o="200" file="0246" n="246" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> quali paſſando entro de’ maſcoli <lb/>rendevano la Macchina mobile. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2245" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Vida era ſituata ſecondo <lb/>il modo della inclinazione del mag-<lb/>gior lato del triangolo rettangolo <lb/>di Pittagora, del quale ſi è par-<lb/>lato qui addietro ſul propoſito del-<lb/>la Salita delle Scale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2246" xml:space="preserve">Tal Mac-<lb/>china alzava facilmente una quan-<lb/>tità grande d’acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2247" xml:space="preserve">ma non la <lb/>potea portar molto in alto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2248" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div441" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0245-01" xlink:href="note-0245-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>c. 11.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0245-02" xlink:href="note-0245-02a" xml:space="preserve">IV. La <lb/>Vite di <lb/>Archi-<lb/>mede.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2249" xml:space="preserve">La quinta Macchina era la <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0246-01a" xlink:href="note-0246-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0246-02a" xlink:href="note-0246-02"/> Tromba di Cteſibio, fabbricata <lb/>nel modo ſeguente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2250" xml:space="preserve">Eravi primie-<lb/>ramente una ſpecie di Conca col <lb/>ſuo coperchio ben ſaldato e ſtagna-<lb/>to inſieme, dalla cui ſommità uſci-<lb/>va una canna o tromba ſottile che <lb/>vogliam dirla: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2251" xml:space="preserve">Nel fondo diquel-<lb/>la Conca eranvi due buchi coperti <lb/>con animelle di cuojo o di legno, <lb/>in modo che ſi potevano alzare e <lb/>baſſare come ſi fa ne’ folli: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2252" xml:space="preserve">e a <lb/>quelle bocche o buchi erano ſal-<lb/>date due canne, le quali, ſtenden-<lb/>doſi una dalla deſtra e l’altra dalla <pb o="201" file="0247" n="247" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> ſiniſtra, andavano ben ſtagnate a <lb/>riferire preſſo al fondo di alcune <lb/>trombe o ſecchie, nel fondo delle <lb/>quali eranvi parimente le animelle <lb/>come nella Conca. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2253" xml:space="preserve">In queſte ſecchie <lb/>poi per la bocca di ſopra facevaſi en-<lb/>trare un Maſcolo per ciaſcune, ben <lb/>tornito e aſſaggiato come ſi fa in un <lb/>ſchizzatojo, e queſto ſi alzava e s’ <lb/>abbaſſava come ſi voleva. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2254" xml:space="preserve">Quando <lb/>adunque ſi levava un Maſcolo, <lb/>ſollevavaſi ſubito l’ animella nel <lb/>fondo del Secchio, e l’acqua en-<lb/>trando per la bocca del medeſimo, <lb/>veniva da quello aſſorbita ed em-<lb/>pivail Secchio: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2255" xml:space="preserve">quando poi il detto <lb/>Maſcolo ſi abbaſſava, calcava egli <lb/>allora l’acqua; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2256" xml:space="preserve">e quella non poten-<lb/>do più uſcire per la bocca di ſot-<lb/>to, perchè la trovava otturata dall’ <lb/>animella, era forzata dalla com-<lb/>preſſione del Maſcolo di aſcender <lb/>per la canna ed entrar nella Con-<lb/>ca. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2257" xml:space="preserve">In tanto dall’ altro Secchio <lb/>alzandoſi il Maſcolo facevaſi la <lb/>ſteſſa operazione; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2258" xml:space="preserve">ma come l’ac- <pb o="202" file="0248" n="248" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> qua di queſto, qual ora per la <lb/>compreſſione doveva aſcender per <lb/>la canna, vi trovava l’altr’acqua <lb/>nella Conca, e non poteva più <lb/>tornar a baſſo per eſſer le bocche <lb/>otturate dalle animelle; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2259" xml:space="preserve">così ne <lb/>ſeguiva che l’acqua nella Conca <lb/>era forzata di ſalire in alto, e di <lb/>uſcire per la tromba di ſopra, e ſi <lb/>faceva andare dove ſi volea.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2260" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div442" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0246-01" xlink:href="note-0246-01a" xml:space="preserve">V. La <lb/>Trom-<lb/>ba di <lb/>Cteſi-<lb/>bio.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0246-02" xlink:href="note-0246-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 13. <lb/>C. 12.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2261" xml:space="preserve">Tutte queſte Macchine per alzar <lb/>Pacque erano moſſe, egirate, o a <lb/>braccia d’ uomini, ovvero da mo-<lb/>lini, i quali erano fatti andare dall’ <lb/>acqua di qualche ruſcello, o di <lb/>qualche fiume.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2262" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div444" type="section" level="1" n="82"> <head xml:id="echoid-head203" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Quinto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head204" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De’ Molini e dell’ acqua per ma-<lb/>cinar il grano.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2263" xml:space="preserve">IMolini ad acqua per macinar <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0248-01a" xlink:href="note-0248-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0248-02a" xlink:href="note-0248-02"/> il grano, erano anch’ eſſi gi-<lb/>rati col mezzo d’una gran Ruo-<lb/>ta, la quale avea molte pinne <lb/>o ale, che dalla correntia dell’ <lb/>acqua venendo ſpinte, facevano <pb o="203" file="0249" n="249" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> che la Ruota a forza ſi volgeſſe. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2264" xml:space="preserve">L’ aſſe di queſta gran ruota paſ-<lb/>ſava per un’ altra ruota, la quale <lb/>era dentata ed in coltello, e fa-<lb/>ceva andare attorno un rochello <lb/>dentato poſto orizontalmente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2265" xml:space="preserve">nel <lb/>mezzo del quale paſſava per lun-<lb/>go un baſtone di ferro, ch’ en-<lb/>trava da capo in un ferro fatto in <lb/>forma di ſcure, e per mezzo di <lb/>cui il detto baſtone era ben aſſi-<lb/>curato e ſtabilito nella mola; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2266" xml:space="preserve">poi <lb/>ſopra queſta v’ era la Dramoggia <lb/>in forma d’ imbuto, dalla qua-<lb/>le veniva ſomminiſtrato il grano <lb/>alle mole.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2267" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div444" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0248-01" xlink:href="note-0248-01a" xml:space="preserve">1 Mo-<lb/>lini ad <lb/>acqua <lb/>degli <lb/>Anti-<lb/>chiera-<lb/>no fimi-<lb/>li a’no-<lb/>ſtri.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0248-02" xlink:href="note-0248-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>c. 10.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div446" type="section" level="1" n="83"> <head xml:id="echoid-head205" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Sesto</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head206" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Dell’ altre Maccbine Idrauliche.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2268" xml:space="preserve">AVeavi ancora diverſe altre <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0249-01a" xlink:href="note-0249-01"/> Macchine, che agivano a <lb/>forza d’acqua, come le Clepſi-<lb/>dre, gli Organi, e le Macchine <lb/>per miſurare il cammino che fa-<lb/>ocano le barche e i navigli.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2269" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div446" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0249-01" xlink:href="note-0249-01a" xml:space="preserve">Le Mac-<lb/>chine <lb/>Idrau-<lb/>liche <lb/>erano <lb/>di tre <lb/>ſpezie, <lb/>cioè,</note> </div> <pb o="204" file="0250" n="250" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2270" xml:space="preserve">Le Clepſidre indicavano le ore <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0250-01a" xlink:href="note-0250-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0250-02a" xlink:href="note-0250-02"/> per mezzo dell’acqua, la quale paſ-<lb/>ſando lentamente per un piccolo <lb/>buco fatto nel fondo di un vaſo, e <lb/>cadendo in un’ altro, ſecondo che <lb/>ſi andava ſollevando inſenſibilmen-<lb/>te nel vaſo ch’ eſſa riempiva, fa-<lb/>ceva parimenti alzare un pezzo di <lb/>ſovero, il quale pendendo dauno <lb/>de’ capi d’ una catena ch’ era in-<lb/>tortigliata attorno ad un’ aſſe, e <lb/>che avea ſull’ altro capo attaccato <lb/>un piccolo ſacchetto ripieno di <lb/>ſabbione, e un poco meno peſan-<lb/>te del ſovero, facendo girare l’aſ-<lb/>ſe, facea girar ancora un ſtiletto <lb/>che v’era allo ſteſſo aſſe attaccato, <lb/>e che indicava l’ore ſopra un Qua-<lb/>drante, dove erano ordinatamen-<lb/>te ſegnate.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2271" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div447" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0250-01" xlink:href="note-0250-01a" xml:space="preserve">I. Le <lb/>Clepſi-<lb/>dre.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0250-02" xlink:href="note-0250-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 9. <lb/>c. 9.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2272" xml:space="preserve">Gli Organi ſonavano per mez-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0250-03a" xlink:href="note-0250-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0250-04a" xlink:href="note-0250-04"/> zo di due fondelli a guiſa di Ma-<lb/>ſcoli, che s’alzavano e abbaſſava-<lb/>no nei Moggietti, o Secchielli co-<lb/>me nella Macchina Cteſibica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2273" xml:space="preserve">I <lb/>Fondelli ſpignendo l’aria con vio- <pb o="205" file="0251" n="251" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> lenza in un’ imbuto roveſciato in <lb/>una caſſa di rame, e mezzo pie-<lb/>na d’acqua, premevano l’acqua, e <lb/>la obbligavano a ſalire intorno del-<lb/>la caſſa: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2274" xml:space="preserve">dal che avveniva, che <lb/>facendola la ſua gravità rientrare <lb/>nell’ imbuto, cacciaſſe l’aria nelle <lb/>canne, e così le faceſſe ſuonare, <lb/>producendo ſoltanto quell’ effetto, <lb/>che fanno i mantici negli Organi <lb/>noſtrali.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2275" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div448" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0250-03" xlink:href="note-0250-03a" xml:space="preserve">II. Gli <lb/>Orga-<lb/>ni.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0250-04" xlink:href="note-0250-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>c. 13.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2276" xml:space="preserve">Miſuravano gli Antichi il cam-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0251-01a" xlink:href="note-0251-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0251-02a" xlink:href="note-0251-02"/> mino che fanno i vaſcelli ſull’ac-<lb/>qua, per mezzo di un Molino, <lb/>ch’ era attaccato al vaſcello, e che <lb/>girava per cagion della reſiſtenza, <lb/>che incontravano le ſue pinne <lb/>nell’acqua, allorchè il vaſcello <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0251-03a" xlink:href="note-0251-03"/> andava avanzando. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2277" xml:space="preserve">L’aſſe di que-<lb/>ſto Molino avea un piccolo den-<lb/>te, che ogni giro che faceva, ur-<lb/>tava e ſpigneva uno dei denti d’ <lb/>una gran ruota, la quale ne fa-<lb/>cea girar un’ altra, e quella un’ <lb/>altra ancora, che faceva andar at-<lb/>torno un ſtileto; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2278" xml:space="preserve">e queſtoindica- <pb o="206" file="0252" n="252" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> va il numero de’ giri del Molino, <lb/>da’ quali era facile il ſupputare le <lb/>pertiche e le leghe della ſtrada già <lb/>fatta.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2279" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div449" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0251-01" xlink:href="note-0251-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>c. 14.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0251-02" xlink:href="note-0251-02a" xml:space="preserve">III. Le <lb/>Mac-<lb/>chine <lb/>per mi-<lb/>ſurare <lb/>il cam. <lb/>mino, <lb/>che ſi <lb/>fa</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0251-03" xlink:href="note-0251-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Per <lb/>acqua.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2280" xml:space="preserve">Si ſervivano ancora della Mac-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0252-01a" xlink:href="note-0252-01"/> china medeſima per terra, attac-<lb/>cando al moggetto della ruota d’ <lb/>un cocchio un dente, che facea <lb/>girare più ruote, come nella Mac-<lb/>china precedente; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2281" xml:space="preserve">all’ultima delle <lb/>quali era attaccato un ſtileto, che <lb/>dimoſtrava il numero delle perti-<lb/>che e delle leghe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2282" xml:space="preserve">Aveaviancora <lb/>in queſta Macchina una ſpezie di <lb/>ruota da conto, la quale ad ogni <lb/>miglio che il cocchio faceva, la-<lb/>ſciava cadere un ſaſſolino in un <lb/>vaſo di rame, per dinotare col lo-<lb/>ro numero, e per avvertire ancora <lb/>col ſuono ogni volta che ſi avea <lb/>fatto un miglio di cammino.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2283" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div450" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0252-01" xlink:href="note-0252-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Per <lb/>terra.</note> </div> <pb o="207" file="0253" n="253" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div452" type="section" level="1" n="84"> <head xml:id="echoid-head207" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Articolo</emph> <emph style="sc">Settimo</emph>.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head208" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle Macchine da Guerra.</head> <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">V’era-<lb/>no tre <lb/>generi <lb/>diMac-<lb/>chine <lb/>da <lb/>guerra’ <lb/>cioè</note> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2284" xml:space="preserve">LE Macchine da guerra degli <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0253-02a" xlink:href="note-0253-02"/> Antichi ſervivano a tre prin-<lb/>cipali uſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2285" xml:space="preserve">Imperciocchè erano eſ-<lb/>ſe fatte o per lanciare de’ ſtrali, <lb/>com’ erano gli Scorpioni; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2286" xml:space="preserve">ovvero <lb/>de’ giavelotti, come erano le Ca-<lb/>tapulte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2287" xml:space="preserve">odelle pietre, come era-<lb/>no le Balliſte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2288" xml:space="preserve">o de’ dardi infuo-<lb/>cati, come erano i Brulotti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2289" xml:space="preserve">o <lb/>pure erano fatte per abbatter le <lb/>mura, com’ erano gli Arieti, e le <lb/>Trivelle; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2290" xml:space="preserve">o per appreſſarſi alle <lb/>mura al coperto, o per monta-<lb/>re ſopra i terrapieni, com’ era-<lb/>no le Teſtuggini, e le Torri di <lb/>legno.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2291" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div452" type="float" level="2" n="1"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0253-02" xlink:href="note-0253-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib 10. <lb/>c. 15.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2292" xml:space="preserve">Gli Scorpioni crano certe gran-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0253-03a" xlink:href="note-0253-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0253-04a" xlink:href="note-0253-04"/> di Arbaleſtre, delle quali ſi ſervi-<lb/>vano gli Antichi per difendere le <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0253-05a" xlink:href="note-0253-05"/> mura, e dalle quali anche gli <pb o="208" file="0254" n="254" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> aſſedianti che ſtavano nelle Torri <lb/>di legno, tiravano ſopra i difen-<lb/>ſori delle medeſime mura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2293" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div453" type="float" level="2" n="2"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0253-03" xlink:href="note-0253-03a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>c. 18.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0253-04" xlink:href="note-0253-04a" xml:space="preserve">I. Per <lb/>lancia-<lb/>re</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0253-05" xlink:href="note-0253-05a" xml:space="preserve">II. Stra-<lb/>li,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2294" xml:space="preserve">Le Catapulte lanciavano de’ <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0254-01a" xlink:href="note-0254-01"/> Giavelotti di dodici in quindici <lb/>piedi di lunghezza: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2295" xml:space="preserve">erano eſſe <lb/>compoſte di due Alberi, o ſia due <lb/>groſſi pezzi di legno, ficcati l’un <lb/>contra l’altro, come due Alberi, <lb/>i quali ſi piegavano tirandoli con <lb/>un molinello: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2296" xml:space="preserve">e quando queſti <lb/>Alberi erano diſteſi, urtavano al-<lb/>lora tutti e due inſieme, e ſpigne-<lb/>vano il giavelotto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2297" xml:space="preserve">Tendevanſi <lb/>eſſi tirandoli l’uno appreſſo l’ al-<lb/>tro con una medeſima corda fatta <lb/>di menugia, acciocchè il maſtro <lb/>che conduceva la Macchina, po-<lb/>teſſe eſſer aſſicurato, cheidue al-<lb/>beri erano teſi ugualmente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2298" xml:space="preserve">Ciò <lb/>egli comprendeva, facendo ſuo-<lb/>nar la corda allorchè ciaſcun de-<lb/>gli alberi era teſo, e quando l’eſtre-<lb/>mità d’alto era tirata fino al Ca-<lb/>pitello della Macchina, dov’erano <pb o="209" file="0255" n="255" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> fermati con cavicchie di ferro, le <lb/>quali ad un tratto levavanſi con <lb/>un colpo di martello, quando <lb/>eraſi al punto di fare la ſcarica-<lb/>tura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2299" xml:space="preserve">Aveavi un rotolo, che paſ-<lb/>ſava a traverſo di un’ orecchione, <lb/>per mezzo di cui ſi alzava o ſi <lb/>abbaſſava il capo d’uno degli al-<lb/>beri dalla parte da baſſo per au-<lb/>mentare, o per iſminuire la ſua <lb/>tenſione, ſecondo che il maſtro <lb/>della Macchina lo giudicava ne-<lb/>ceſſario dal ſuono della corda <lb/>che tirava queſt’ alberi, i qua-<lb/>li doveano far rendere un ſuo-<lb/>no medeſimo, quando erano te-<lb/>ſi ugualmente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2300" xml:space="preserve">Veggaſi la Tavo-<lb/>la XII.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2301" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div454" type="float" level="2" n="3"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0254-01" xlink:href="note-0254-01a" xml:space="preserve">2. Gia-<lb/>velotti,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2302" xml:space="preserve">Le Balliſte ſi tendevano nella <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0255-01a" xlink:href="note-0255-01"/> maniera medeſima, che le Ca-<lb/>tapulte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2303" xml:space="preserve">ma in luogo di Gia-<lb/>velotti eſſe ſcagliavano groſſe pie-<lb/>tre.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2304" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div455" type="float" level="2" n="4"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0255-01" xlink:href="note-0255-01a" xml:space="preserve">3. Pie-<lb/>tre.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2305" xml:space="preserve">I Brulotti erano Macchine che <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0255-02a" xlink:href="note-0255-02"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0255-03a" xlink:href="note-0255-03"/> <pb o="210" file="0256" n="256" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> lanciavano dardi, a’ quali era at-<lb/>taccata una materia combuſtibi-<lb/>le, che s’ accendeva in quel pun-<lb/>to in cui ſi volea lanciarli contra <lb/>le Macchine da guerra, o con-<lb/>tra i vaſcelli, per appiccarvi il <lb/>fuoco.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2306" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div456" type="float" level="2" n="5"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0255-02" xlink:href="note-0255-02a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>@. 22.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0255-03" xlink:href="note-0255-03a" xml:space="preserve">4.Dardi <lb/>accefi.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2307" xml:space="preserve">L’ Ariete era ſatto per battere <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0256-01a" xlink:href="note-0256-01"/> le Torri e le Mura, e per farvi <lb/>breccie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2308" xml:space="preserve">Era queſta una gran tra-<lb/>ve ferrata ſu la cima, la quale <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0256-02a" xlink:href="note-0256-02"/> era groſſa e maſſiccia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2309" xml:space="preserve">Doveva <lb/>queſta eſſer ſoſpeſa nel ſuo mez-<lb/>zo, e ſi ſpigneva a forza di brac-<lb/>cia.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2310" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div457" type="float" level="2" n="6"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0256-01" xlink:href="note-0256-01a" xml:space="preserve">II. Per <lb/>battere <lb/>le Mu-<lb/>m ch’ <lb/>crano</note> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0256-02" xlink:href="note-0256-02a" xml:space="preserve">1. L’A-<lb/>xicte,</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2311" xml:space="preserve">La Trivella era molto ſomi-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0256-03a" xlink:href="note-0256-03"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0256-04a" xlink:href="note-0256-04"/> gliante all’ Ariete, eſſendo una <lb/>Trave ferrata in teſta, il di cui <lb/>ferro però era aguzzo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2312" xml:space="preserve">Ella ſerviva <lb/>per iſpezzare una qualche pietra <lb/>della muraglia, e per tritarla in <lb/>più ſcheggie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2313" xml:space="preserve">a fine che ſopravve. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2314" xml:space="preserve">nendo poſcia l’ Ariete a Battere <lb/>l’ altre pietre ſituate all’ intorno, <pb o="211" file="0257" n="257" rhead="DI VITRUVIO."/> le poteſſe ſtaccare, ſpignendole <lb/>nel buco, ſtato prima fatto con <lb/>la Trivella.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2315" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div458" type="float" level="2" n="7"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0256-03" xlink:href="note-0256-03a" xml:space="preserve">2. La <lb/>Trivel-<lb/>la.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0256-04" xlink:href="note-0256-04a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10 <lb/>c. 9.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2316" xml:space="preserve">Le Teſtuggini erano gran Tor-<lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0257-01a" xlink:href="note-0257-01"/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0257-02a" xlink:href="note-0257-02"/> ri di legno larghee baſſe, che fa-<lb/>cevanſi rotolare ſopra ſei, ovver <lb/>otto ruote. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2317" xml:space="preserve">Erano eſſe coperte di <lb/>pelli di buoi, di freſco ſcorticati, <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0257-03a" xlink:href="note-0257-03"/> a fine di difenderle dal fuoco. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2318" xml:space="preserve">Il <lb/>loro uſo era di coprire coloro, <lb/>che ſi avvicinavano alle mura per <lb/>minarle, o per batterle cogli <lb/>Arieti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2319" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div459" type="float" level="2" n="8"> <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0257-01" xlink:href="note-0257-01a" xml:space="preserve">Lib. 10. <lb/>c. 20.</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0257-02" xlink:href="note-0257-02a" xml:space="preserve">III.Per <lb/>appreſ-<lb/>ſarſi al-<lb/>le mura <lb/>a co-<lb/>perto, <lb/>cioè</note> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0257-03" xlink:href="note-0257-03a" xml:space="preserve">1. Le <lb/>Teſtug-<lb/>gini.</note> </div> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2320" xml:space="preserve">Le Torri di legno erano fatte <lb/> <anchor type="note" xlink:label="note-0257-04a" xlink:href="note-0257-04"/> per ſollevare gli aſſedianti all’al-<lb/>tezza delle mura, onde cacciarne <lb/>gli aſſediati a colpi di frecce e co-<lb/>gli Scorpioni, e per paſſarvi ſo-<lb/>pra per via di ponti che vi ſi ca-<lb/>lavano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2321" xml:space="preserve">Erano eſſe alte talvolta <lb/>fino a trenta pertiche, avendo <lb/>venti piani. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2322" xml:space="preserve">Si coprivano nella <lb/>maniera ſteſſa, che la Teſtuggi-<lb/>ne, di pelli recentemente ſcorti- <pb o="212" file="0258" n="258" rhead="ARCHITETTURA"/> cate; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2323" xml:space="preserve">ed erano guernite di cent’ <lb/>uomini, parte de’ quali erano im-<lb/>piegati a muoverle, parte a tirare <lb/>ſopra gli aſſediati.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2324" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <div xml:id="echoid-div460" type="float" level="2" n="9"> <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0257-04" xlink:href="note-0257-04a" xml:space="preserve">2. Le <lb/>Torri <lb/>di le-<lb/>gno.</note> </div> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div462" type="section" level="1" n="85"> <head xml:id="echoid-head209" style="it" xml:space="preserve">FINE.</head> <pb o="213" file="0259" n="259" rhead="AVVERTIMENTO."/> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s2325" xml:space="preserve">QUi ſi ſono meſſe le Figure <lb/>ſoltanto più neceſſarie all’ <lb/>intelligenza di Vitruvio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2326" xml:space="preserve">cioè a <lb/>dire, quelle cbe ſervono a far <lb/>comprendere le regole, cbe dà l’ <lb/>Architettura per gli Edificj, i <lb/>quali poſſono eſſer di noſtro uſo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2327" xml:space="preserve">Le Figure dell’ altre coſe di cui <lb/>iratta Vitruvio, ſono ſtate omeſ-<lb/>ſe; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2328" xml:space="preserve">e ſi è giudicato baſtare il <lb/>darne una ſolamente per ſervir <lb/>d’ eſempio in ciaſebedun genere; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2329" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>vale a dire una per iutti i Tem-<lb/>pli, una per iutti i Teatri, c <lb/>una per tutte le Maccbine.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2330" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0260" n="260"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div463" type="section" level="1" n="86"> <head xml:id="echoid-head210" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head211" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Dblla</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> I.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2331" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene le ſette ſpezie di <lb/>Muratura degli Antichi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2332" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2333" xml:space="preserve">è la prima <lb/>ch’ eſſi chiamavano Reticulatum, cioè <lb/>a dire muro fatto a guiſa direte, perchè ap. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2334" xml:space="preserve">punto le commeſſure delle pietre vengono a <lb/>formare una figura ſimigliante ad una rete. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2335" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>BB. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2336" xml:space="preserve">è la ſeconda chiamata Inſertum, cioè a <lb/>dire in Legatura, a cagione, che le pietre ſo-<lb/>no poſte in maniera, che ciaſcuna è legata, <lb/>ed impegnata con quattro altre, due di ſopra, <lb/>e due di ſotto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2337" xml:space="preserve">C C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2338" xml:space="preserve">è la terza ſpezie, ch’era <lb/>particolare de’ Greci. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2339" xml:space="preserve">Queſta ſi può chiamarla <lb/>a doppia Legatura, perchè la legatura non è <lb/>ſoltanto tra le pietre di una medeſima faccia-<lb/>ta, ma ancora tra quelle delle due facciate <lb/>che ſi fa col mezzo delle pietre poſte per tra-<lb/>verſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2340" xml:space="preserve">D D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2341" xml:space="preserve">è la quarta nominata Iſodomum, <lb/>a motivo che i corſi ſono uguali in altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2342" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2343" xml:space="preserve">è la quinta appellata Pſoudiſodomum, per-<lb/>chè i ſuoi corſi erano diſuguali in altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2344" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2345" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>GG. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2346" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2347" xml:space="preserve">è la ſeſta, detta Emplecton, poichè <lb/>cra eſſa riempiuta, e imbonita nel mezzo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2348" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2349" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2350" xml:space="preserve">ſono le pietre, che facevano le facciate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2351" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>G G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2352" xml:space="preserve">ſono mani di malta ſteſa tra l’ un corſo <lb/>e l’ altro di pietre: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2353" xml:space="preserve">H è Pincamiciatura delle <lb/>facciate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2354" xml:space="preserve">K, è la ſettima, che ſi può chia-<lb/>mare Compoſta, ovvero Ramponasa, a cagiom <lb/>che le facciate ſue ſono di pietre tagliate, e <lb/>il mezzo è guernito e riempiuto di malta c <lb/>ſaſſi alla rinfuſa, e perchè le facciate ſue ſo-<lb/>no legate l’ una con l’ altra con ramponi di <lb/>ferro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2355" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Tavola ha rapporto alle pagine <lb/>58. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2356" xml:space="preserve">59. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2357" xml:space="preserve">60. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2358" xml:space="preserve">61. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2359" xml:space="preserve">c 62.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2360" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0261" n="261"/> <figure> <variables xml:id="echoid-variables1" xml:space="preserve">G G H F E D D K K C C K H A B</variables> </figure> <pb file="0262" n="262"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div464" type="section" level="1" n="87"> <head xml:id="echoid-head212" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head213" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> II.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2361" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola e quella che ſiegue, con-<lb/>tengono i cinque generi di Edificj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2362" xml:space="preserve">A A. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2363" xml:space="preserve">è il Picnoſtilo, quello cioè, dove le <lb/>Colonne ſono aſſai ſpeſſe l’une coll’ altre, <lb/>non eſſendo lo ſpazio tra colonna e colonna, <lb/>che d’ una groſſezza e mezza della colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2364" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>B B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2365" xml:space="preserve">è il Siſtilo, cioè a dire dove le Colonne <lb/>ſembrano eſſer unite inſieme, eſſendo l’ inter-<lb/>colunnio di due groſſezze. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2366" xml:space="preserve">C C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2367" xml:space="preserve">è il Diaſtilo, <lb/>eioè a dire dove le Colonne ſono tra di loro <lb/>lontane, eſſendo la diſtanza tra l’ una e l’ al-<lb/>tra di tre groſſezze. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2368" xml:space="preserve">D D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2369" xml:space="preserve">è l’ Arcoſtilo, cioè <lb/>dove le Colonne ſono rare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2370" xml:space="preserve">Eſſo non ha al-<lb/>cuna certa proporzione: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2371" xml:space="preserve">nella Figura ſi ſono <lb/>dati quattro diametri all’ intercolunnio: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2372" xml:space="preserve">ma <lb/>eſſo ne può avere anche di più. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2373" xml:space="preserve">Il quinto ge-<lb/>nere appellato Euſtilo, è nella terza Tavola. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2374" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>Queſta ſeconda Tavola ha rapporto alle pagi-<lb/>ne 99. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2375" xml:space="preserve">100. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2376" xml:space="preserve">c 101.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2377" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0263" n="263"/> <figure> <variables xml:id="echoid-variables2" xml:space="preserve">B A B A D C D C</variables> </figure> <pb file="0264" n="264" rhead="SPIEGAZIONE"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div465" type="section" level="1" n="88"> <head xml:id="echoid-head214" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> III.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2378" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene il piano, e l’eleva-<lb/>zione del quinto genere di Edificj, ap-<lb/>pellato Euſtilo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2379" xml:space="preserve">cioè a dire, dove le Co-<lb/>lonne ſono diſtanti l’ una dall’ altra con una <lb/>proporzione più comoda, che negli altri gene-<lb/>ri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2380" xml:space="preserve">I ſuoi intercolunnj tutti hanno due dia-<lb/>metri e un quarto, a riſerva di quel di mezzo <lb/>delle facciate anteriori, c poſteriori, cui ſi <lb/>danno tre diametri interi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2381" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Figura ha <lb/>rapporto alla pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2382" xml:space="preserve">101.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2383" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2384" xml:space="preserve">Il Piano ch’ è in queſta Tavola, ſerve pari-<lb/>mente a far conoſcere, quali ſoſſero le diffe-<lb/>renti parti, delle quali i Templi degli Antichi <lb/>erano compoſti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2385" xml:space="preserve">A A, A A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2386" xml:space="preserve">ſonole Ale, a gui-<lb/>ſa di Corridoj o di Portici, bordeggiate da una <lb/>fila di colonne da un lato, e dal parete del Tem-<lb/>pio dall’altro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2387" xml:space="preserve">B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2388" xml:space="preserve">è la parte chiamata Prenaos, <lb/>cioè a dire l’Atrio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2389" xml:space="preserve">C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2390" xml:space="preserve">è la parte detta Poſti-<lb/>cum, cioè il da dietro del Tempio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2391" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2392" xml:space="preserve">è la par-<lb/>te nominata Cilla, cioè l’interiore del Tempio.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2393" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0265" n="265"/> <figure> <variables xml:id="echoid-variables3" xml:space="preserve">A C A D A B A</variables> </figure> <pb file="0266" n="266"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div466" type="section" level="1" n="89"> <head xml:id="echoid-head215" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head216" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> IV.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2394" xml:space="preserve">COntiene queſta Tavola il piano e l’eleva-<lb/>zion perſpettiva d’un Tempio Exaſtilo, è <lb/>Pſeudodiptero, cioè a dire che ha ſei Colon-<lb/>ne tanto nella facciata davanti, che in quella <lb/>di dietro, e che ha de’ Portici ſemplici, ma <lb/>che ſono così larghi, quanto i due Portici dei <lb/>Templi che gli hanno doppj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2395" xml:space="preserve">Queſto piano c <lb/>queſt’elevazione poſſono ſervire d’ eſempio per <lb/>gli altri Templi, i quali in ciò che concerne <lb/>le parti eſſenziali, ſpiegate nella Tavola pre-<lb/>cedente, ſono ſimili a queſto, come ſono il <lb/>Periptero, il Diptero c l’ Ipetro, e i qua-<lb/>li non ſono differenti che nel numero del-<lb/>le colonne, o in altre circoſtanze di tal az-<lb/>tura.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2396" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0267" n="267"/> <figure> <image file="0267-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0267-01"/> </figure> <pb file="0268" n="268"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div467" type="section" level="1" n="90"> <head xml:id="echoid-head217" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head218" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> V.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2397" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene le proporzioni dell’ <lb/>Ordine Toſcano. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2398" xml:space="preserve">AA. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2399" xml:space="preserve">è la Baſe della <lb/>Colonna, che ha d’altezza la metà del dia-<lb/>metto della Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2400" xml:space="preserve">Ella è diviſa in due <lb/>Parti uguali; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2401" xml:space="preserve">quella di ſotto è per lo Plinto <lb/>o ſia Orlo ſegnato I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2402" xml:space="preserve">quella di ſopra marcata <lb/>dalla K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2403" xml:space="preserve">è per lo Toro o Baſtone e per la Cim-<lb/>bia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2404" xml:space="preserve">BB.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2405" xml:space="preserve">, è il Capitello, di cui l’ altezza è <lb/>uguale a quella della Baſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2406" xml:space="preserve">Si divide in tre <lb/>parti, la prima delle quali ſegnata L. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2407" xml:space="preserve">è per la <lb/>Gola, inſieme con la Cimbia c l’ Aſtragalo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2408" xml:space="preserve">La ſeconda ſegnata M. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2409" xml:space="preserve">è per l’Echino, o ſia <lb/>Ovolo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2410" xml:space="preserve">La terza marcata N. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2411" xml:space="preserve">è per lo Plinto o <lb/>Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2412" xml:space="preserve">C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2413" xml:space="preserve">è una delle facciate delle travi che <lb/>fervono d’ Architrave. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2414" xml:space="preserve">EE. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2415" xml:space="preserve">ſono la parte di <lb/>ſotto delle ſuddette Travi, che corriſpondono <lb/>al diametro di ſopra della Colonna, ſegnato <lb/>D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2416" xml:space="preserve">La L. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2417" xml:space="preserve">è un arpione a coda di Rondine, che <lb/>uniſce le due travi inſieme. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2418" xml:space="preserve">G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2419" xml:space="preserve">è il muretto, <lb/>che ſerve di Fregio, H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2420" xml:space="preserve">è la Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2421" xml:space="preserve">Queſta <lb/>Tavola ha rapporto alla pagina 119. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2422" xml:space="preserve">120.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2423" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0269" n="269"/> <figure> <variables xml:id="echoid-variables4" xml:space="preserve">H G C B B N M L E D F E A A K I</variables> </figure> <pb file="0270" n="270"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div468" type="section" level="1" n="91"> <head xml:id="echoid-head219" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head220" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> VI.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2424" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene la proporzione dell’ <lb/>Ordine Dorico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2425" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2426" xml:space="preserve">B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2427" xml:space="preserve">è lo ſpaccato del <lb/>Fuito della Colonna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2428" xml:space="preserve">queſto ſpaccato fa ve-<lb/>dere il piano delle due ſpezie di canalature, <lb/>che ſono particolari all’ Ordine Dorico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2429" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>metà ſegnata A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2430" xml:space="preserve">è quſe4;</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2431" xml:space="preserve">lla che ha delle cana-<lb/>lature che non ſono incavate, ma che forma-<lb/>no ſoltanto delle ſtriſcie, o faſcie piane. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2432" xml:space="preserve">B. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2433" xml:space="preserve">è l’altra metà, che ha le canalature legger-<lb/>mente fonde, e che non ſono incavate, ſe <lb/>non un quarto di cerchio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2434" xml:space="preserve">Eſſe formanſi col <lb/>mezzo del quadrato C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2435" xml:space="preserve">i cui lati ſono uguali <lb/>a ciaſcheduna faſcia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2436" xml:space="preserve">D E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2437" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2438" xml:space="preserve">è il Capitello <lb/>diviſo in tre parti uguali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2439" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2440" xml:space="preserve">è per la Gola. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2441" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2442" xml:space="preserve">per l’Echino e per gli Anelletti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2443" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2444" xml:space="preserve">per lo <lb/>Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2445" xml:space="preserve">G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2446" xml:space="preserve">è l’Architrave. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2447" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2448" xml:space="preserve">è il Triglifo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2449" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2450" xml:space="preserve">è la Metopa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2451" xml:space="preserve">K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2452" xml:space="preserve">è la Semi-Metopa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2453" xml:space="preserve">L. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2454" xml:space="preserve">è la <lb/>Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2455" xml:space="preserve">M. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2456" xml:space="preserve">ſono le ſei Goccie, che ſtanno <lb/>ſotto il Triglifo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2457" xml:space="preserve">N. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2458" xml:space="preserve">O. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2459" xml:space="preserve">ſono le Goccie, che <lb/>ftanno ſotto il Piano della Cornice alla parte <lb/>che guarda in giù e che ſporta in fuoria drit-<lb/>to de’ Triglifi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2460" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Tavola ha rapporto al-<lb/>la pagina 121. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2461" xml:space="preserve">122. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2462" xml:space="preserve">c ſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2463" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0271" n="271"/> <figure> <variables xml:id="echoid-variables5" xml:space="preserve">O L I H K N G M G F E D C B A</variables> </figure> <pb file="0272" n="272"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div469" type="section" level="1" n="92"> <head xml:id="echoid-head221" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head222" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> VII.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2464" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene la proporzione del <lb/>Piedeſtallo Jonico, la quale può ſervi-<lb/>re con poca differenza anche nell’ Ordi-<lb/>ne Corintio e Compoſto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2465" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2466" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2467" xml:space="preserve">dinotano il <lb/>Fuſto e la Baſe della Colonna col ſuo diame-<lb/>tro, dalle quali ſi prendono le regole per le mi-<lb/>ſure del Piedeſtallo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2468" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2469" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2470" xml:space="preserve">dimoſtrano l’altezza <lb/>tutta del Piedeſtallo, che appunto viene ad eſ-<lb/>ſere un terzo della Colonna, e che ordinarìa-<lb/>mente ſi divide in otto parti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2471" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2472" xml:space="preserve">ſono gli or-<lb/>namenti e membrelli, che ſono come la Cima-<lb/>ſa o Capitello del Piedeſtallo, alti tutti inſie-<lb/>me una delle otto parti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2473" xml:space="preserve">C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2474" xml:space="preserve">è il Dado o Tron-<lb/>co di mezzo, che ha cinque di quelle parti di <lb/>altezza, e di larghezza tanto quanto il Zocco <lb/>della Baſe della Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2475" xml:space="preserve">B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2476" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2477" xml:space="preserve">dinotano la <lb/>Baſe intiera del Piedeſtallo, alta le due reſtan-<lb/>ti parti, che però ſi ſuddividono in tre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2478" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2479" xml:space="preserve">è <lb/>appunto il ſuo Zocco che ha due di quelle par-<lb/>ti di altezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2480" xml:space="preserve">B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2481" xml:space="preserve">ſono gli altri membrelli che <lb/>vanno di ſopra il Zocco per comporre la Ba-<lb/>ſe alti la terza parte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2482" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Tavola ha rap-<lb/>porto alla pagina 130.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2483" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0273" n="273"/> <figure> <variables xml:id="echoid-variables6" xml:space="preserve">F E D C B A</variables> </figure> <pb file="0274" n="274"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div470" type="section" level="1" n="93"> <head xml:id="echoid-head223" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head224" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> VIII.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2484" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene le proporzioni dell’ <lb/>Ordine Jonieo, e della Baſe Attica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2485" xml:space="preserve">A. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2486" xml:space="preserve">è il Plinto della Baſe Attica, ch’ è la <lb/>terza parte di tutta la Baſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2487" xml:space="preserve">BB. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2488" xml:space="preserve">ſono i due <lb/>Torio Baſtoni di quella Baſe, il ſuperiore de’ <lb/>quali è la quarta parte di ciò che reſta dopo <lb/>che ſi avrà fatto il Plinto: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2489" xml:space="preserve">l’inferiore è la me <lb/>tà di ciò che reſta ancora; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2490" xml:space="preserve">c l’ altra metà è la <lb/>Scozia C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2491" xml:space="preserve">La D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2492" xml:space="preserve">è il Plinto della Baſe Jonica, <lb/>ch’ è la terza parte dell’ altezza di tutta la Ba-<lb/>ſe. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2493" xml:space="preserve">E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2494" xml:space="preserve">è il Toro che contiene tre partidi quel-<lb/>le ſerte, nelle quali ſi divide ciò chè reſta: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2495" xml:space="preserve">eſ-<lb/>ſendo le quattro altre per le due Scozie; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2496" xml:space="preserve">e per <lb/>i due Aſtragali, che ſono tra il Toro e il Plin-<lb/>to. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2497" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2498" xml:space="preserve">è il Capitello, le proporzioni del qua-<lb/>le ſono ſpiegate più a lungo nella Tavola IX. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2499" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>G H I K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2500" xml:space="preserve">è l’ Architrave, che ha quattro par-<lb/>ti, cioè la prima Faſcia, ſegnata G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2501" xml:space="preserve">la ſecon-<lb/>da ſegnata H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2502" xml:space="preserve">la terza ſegnata I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2503" xml:space="preserve">è la Cimaſa <lb/>ſegnata K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2504" xml:space="preserve">La L. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2505" xml:space="preserve">è il Fregio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2506" xml:space="preserve">M N O P Q. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2507" xml:space="preserve">è la <lb/>Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2508" xml:space="preserve">M. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2509" xml:space="preserve">è la prima Cimaſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2510" xml:space="preserve">N. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2511" xml:space="preserve">è il Den-<lb/>tello: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2512" xml:space="preserve">O. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2513" xml:space="preserve">è la ſeconda Cimaſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2514" xml:space="preserve">P. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2515" xml:space="preserve">è la Corona <lb/>con la ſua Cimacieta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2516" xml:space="preserve">Q. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2517" xml:space="preserve">è la Cimaſa gran-<lb/>de. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2518" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Tavola appartiene alla pagina 132. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2519" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>136. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2520" xml:space="preserve">137. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2521" xml:space="preserve">e ſeguenti.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2522" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0275" n="275"/> <figure> <image file="0275-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0275-01"/> </figure> <pb file="0276" n="276"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div471" type="section" level="1" n="94"> <head xml:id="echoid-head225" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONI</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head226" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> IX.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2523" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene le proporzioni del <lb/>Capitello Jonico, del quale quì non ſi <lb/>vede che la metà. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2524" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2525" xml:space="preserve">B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2526" xml:space="preserve">è la metà del-<lb/>la largezza del Dado o Abaco, la quale ſi <lb/>regola ſopra la larghezza del piede d ella Co-<lb/>lonna, di cui la metà è ſegnata B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2527" xml:space="preserve">18. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2528" xml:space="preserve">Poichè <lb/>eſſendo il piede della Colonna diviſo in 18. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2529" xml:space="preserve">par-<lb/>ti, dicianove di quelle ſe ne danno al Da-<lb/>do. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2530" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2531" xml:space="preserve">C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2532" xml:space="preserve">è il ritiramento che convien fare <lb/>dall’ angolo A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2533" xml:space="preserve">del Dado all’ indentro per <lb/>deſcriver la linea C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2534" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2535" xml:space="preserve">la quale dee regolare <lb/>gli occhi della Voluta, a traverſo di cui ella <lb/>dee paſſare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2536" xml:space="preserve">Per fare tal ritiramento, ſi pren-<lb/>de una parte e mezza delle dodici, nelle qua-<lb/>li è diviſa l’ altezza e groſſezza E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2537" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2538" xml:space="preserve">di tut-<lb/>to il Capitello: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2539" xml:space="preserve">la qual’ altezza è uguale alla <lb/>metà della largezza del Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2540" xml:space="preserve">Queſta altezza <lb/>ſegnata C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2541" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2542" xml:space="preserve">è diviſa in 9. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2543" xml:space="preserve">parti e mezza, del-<lb/>le quali ſe ne dà una e mezza al Dado, e <lb/>quattro e mezza dal Dado ſino al mezzo dell’ <lb/>occhio, ch’ è attraverſato dalla linea G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2544" xml:space="preserve">H. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2545" xml:space="preserve">I numeri 1, 2, 3, 4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2546" xml:space="preserve">indicano i quattro centri <lb/>de’ quattro primi quarti della Voluta, i quattro <lb/>ſecondi quarti, e i quattro terzi (poichè la Vo-<lb/>luta ne ha dodici) ſi prendono nelle diagonali <lb/>1, 3, e 2, 4. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2547" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2548" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2549" xml:space="preserve">è l’ Aſtragalo della Colon-<lb/>na di ſopra che corriſponde all’ occhio della <lb/>Voluta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2550" xml:space="preserve">K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2551" xml:space="preserve">K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2552" xml:space="preserve">è l’ Ovolo o Echiuo L. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2553" xml:space="preserve">è <lb/>l’ Aſſe delle Volute. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2554" xml:space="preserve">M. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2555" xml:space="preserve">M. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2556" xml:space="preserve">è la cinta della <lb/>parte laterale delle Volute. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2557" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Tavola ha <lb/>rapporto alla pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2558" xml:space="preserve">133. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2559" xml:space="preserve">134. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2560" xml:space="preserve">135.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2561" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0277" n="277"/> <figure> <image file="0277-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0277-01"/> </figure> <pb file="0278" n="278"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div472" type="section" level="1" n="95"> <head xml:id="echoid-head227" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head228" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> X.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2562" xml:space="preserve">QUcſta Tavola contiene le proporzioni del <lb/>apitello Corintio, in cui conſiſte tutta <lb/>la differenza, che paſſa tra l’Ordine Jo-<lb/>nico ed il Corintio; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2563" xml:space="preserve">il quale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2564" xml:space="preserve">ſecondo Vitru-<lb/>vio non ha altra Baſe, nè altro Fuſto, nè al-<lb/>tro Architrave, nè altro Fregio, nè altra Cor-<lb/>nice, ſe non che la Jonica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2565" xml:space="preserve">A. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2566" xml:space="preserve">è il Capitello <lb/>Corintio, il quale, ſecondo la proporzione di <lb/>Vitruvio, non ha l’ altezza niente più che il <lb/>diametro della colonna da piedi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2567" xml:space="preserve">B è il Ca-<lb/>pit llo del Pateon, ch’ è la ſettima parte più <lb/>alto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2568" xml:space="preserve">cioè della groſſezza del Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2569" xml:space="preserve">C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2570" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2571" xml:space="preserve">è <lb/>l’altezza del Capitello diviſa in ſette parti, delle <lb/>quali una ne ha il Dado: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2572" xml:space="preserve">due ne hanno le Volùte <lb/>ed i Caul coli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2573" xml:space="preserve">le Foglie dell’ ordine di mezzo, <lb/>due; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2574" xml:space="preserve">ed eltrettante quelle dell’ ordine di ſotto. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2575" xml:space="preserve">Per aver la larghezza del Dado, convien aſſe-<lb/>gnare alla ſua Diagonale E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2576" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2577" xml:space="preserve">il doppio della <lb/>ſua altezza C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2578" xml:space="preserve">D. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2579" xml:space="preserve">Per avere la grandezza della <lb/>piegatura in entro ſegnata H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2580" xml:space="preserve">biſogna divider la <lb/>larghezza del Dado E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2581" xml:space="preserve">G. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2582" xml:space="preserve">in nove parti, edar-<lb/>gliene una.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2583" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2584" xml:space="preserve">In fondo della tavola ſi è rappreſentata la <lb/>Pianta d’ Acanto, che riveſtiſce il ceſtello co-<lb/>perto da una tegola; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2585" xml:space="preserve">da dove, dice Vitruvio, <lb/>che lo Scultore Callimaco ha preſo il primo mo-<lb/>dello del Capitello Corintio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2586" xml:space="preserve">Quèſta Tavola ha <lb/>rapporto alle pagg. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2587" xml:space="preserve">141. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2588" xml:space="preserve">142. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2589" xml:space="preserve">e ſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2590" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0279" n="279"/> <figure> <image file="0279-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0279-01"/> </figure> <pb file="0280" n="280"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div473" type="section" level="1" n="96"> <head xml:id="echoid-head229" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head230" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> XI.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2591" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene il <lb/>piano, e la elevazione <lb/>del Teatro de’Romani. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2592" xml:space="preserve">A A è il Portico, che a baſ-<lb/>lo girava tutt’ a torno del <lb/>Teatro, B B. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2593" xml:space="preserve">ſono gl’Iagreſ-<lb/>ſi, pe’ quali ſi paſſava dal <lb/>Portico nell’ Orcheſtra C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2594" xml:space="preserve">I. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2595" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>è K D E D K il Pu pito, <lb/>ch’ è il lu go, ſopra il qua-<lb/>le gli Attori venivano a rap-<lb/>preſentare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2596" xml:space="preserve">M M. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2597" xml:space="preserve">il Pia-<lb/>nerotiolo, che ſepara i gra-<lb/>di di ſopra da quelli di ſot-<lb/>to. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2598" xml:space="preserve">L L. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2599" xml:space="preserve">le Scale, che ſono <lb/>tra i gradi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2600" xml:space="preserve">N N. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2601" xml:space="preserve">il Portico <lb/>in alto del Te tro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2602" xml:space="preserve">P P. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2603" xml:space="preserve">il <lb/>paſſaggio o andite, ch’è ſot-<lb/>to i gradi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2604" xml:space="preserve">K I H I K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2605" xml:space="preserve">la <lb/>Scena. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2606" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2607" xml:space="preserve">la porta Reale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2608" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>II le porte de’ Foreſtieri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2609" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>K K. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2610" xml:space="preserve">le porte de’ ritorni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2611" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>O O O. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2612" xml:space="preserve">le Macchine che ſer-<lb/>vivano alle mutazioni della <lb/>Scena. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2613" xml:space="preserve">G G il di dietro del <lb/>Teatro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2614" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Tavola ha <lb/>rapporto alla pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2615" xml:space="preserve">169. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2616" xml:space="preserve">170.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2617" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0281" n="281"/> <figure> <image file="0281-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0281-01"/> </figure> <pb file="0282" n="282"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div474" type="section" level="1" n="97"> <head xml:id="echoid-head231" xml:space="preserve">SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head232" xml:space="preserve"><emph style="sc">Della</emph> <emph style="sc">Tavola</emph> XII.</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2618" xml:space="preserve">QUeſta Tavola contiene la ſpiegazione del-<lb/>la Catapulta, ch’ era una Macchina da <lb/>guerra, di cui gli Antichi ſi ſervivano <lb/>per lanciare de’Giavellotti d’una ſtraordinaria <lb/>groſſezza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2619" xml:space="preserve">A ſono due alberi congiunti l’uno <lb/>contra l’ altro, che dopo d’ eſſere ſtati teſi <lb/>ſpignevano Il Giavellotto con una fotza gran-<lb/>de, allorchè venivano ſcaricati e laſciati in <lb/>libertà. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2620" xml:space="preserve">Ve ne ha uno di queſti Alberi, che <lb/>è rappreſentato come fermato al capitello del-<lb/>la Macchina con una cavicchia di ferro, eſ-<lb/>ſendo l’altro in punto di eſſere fermato an-<lb/>ch’ eſſo, quando il Maſtro della Macchina ſe. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2621" xml:space="preserve">gnato B, che con la mano dritta ſuona la <lb/>corda da cui è tirato l’albero, avrà alzato, <lb/>o abbaſſato il capo indicato C. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2622" xml:space="preserve">fin a ral ſe-<lb/>gno, ch è neceſſario per dargli una tenſione <lb/>uguale a quella dell’ altro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2623" xml:space="preserve">Ciò ſi fa per <lb/>mezzo di un’ orecchione, per cui ſi fa paſſare <lb/>un rotolo, che il Maſtro fa girare coll’ ajuto <lb/>d’ una lieva, ch’ei tiene nella mano ſiniſtra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2624" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>D E E è il Capitello della Catapul a rappre-<lb/>ſentato in grande. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2625" xml:space="preserve">E E. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2626" xml:space="preserve">ſono 1 fori, per cui <lb/>ſi paſſ, la fune da tirare gli Alberi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2627" xml:space="preserve">F. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2628" xml:space="preserve">è il <lb/>capo d’ uno degli Alberi rappreſentato in <lb/>grande. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2629" xml:space="preserve">G è una delle cavicchie, che attra-<lb/>verſa un Ganzetto, per mezzo del quale vien <lb/>fermato l’Albero al Capitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2630" xml:space="preserve">H. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2631" xml:space="preserve">è il roto-<lb/>lo che paſſa per l’orecchione 1. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2632" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Ta-<lb/>vola ha rapporto alla pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2633" xml:space="preserve">107. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2634" xml:space="preserve">e ſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2635" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0283" n="283"/> <figure> <image file="0283-01" xlink:href="http://echo.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/zogilib?fn=/permanent/library/xxxxxxxx/figures/0283-01"/> </figure> <pb file="0284" n="284"/> <pb file="0285" n="285"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div475" type="section" level="1" n="98"> <head xml:id="echoid-head233" xml:space="preserve">VOCABOLARIO, <lb/>OSIA <lb/>SPIEGAZIONE</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head234" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Delle parole difficili che s’ in-<lb/>contrano in Vitruvio.</head> <head xml:id="echoid-head235" xml:space="preserve">A</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2636" xml:space="preserve">ABaco ſignifica generalmente una <lb/>tavoletta, che ſerviva di Cre-<lb/>denza appreſſo gli Antichi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2637" xml:space="preserve">Era <lb/>anche una tavola quadrata, ſopra <lb/>la quale ſcrivevanſi i numeri d’ <lb/>Aritmetica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2638" xml:space="preserve">In termine d’ Archi-<lb/>tettura l’ Abaco è la parte ſupe-<lb/>riore del Capitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2639" xml:space="preserve">Chiamaſi da’ <lb/>Franceſi il Tagliere, e da’ noſtri <lb/>anche il Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2640" xml:space="preserve">Queſto termine ſi-<lb/>gnificava altre volte una tavoletta <lb/>di legno, perchè allora ſi uſavano <lb/>tavolette di legno, ch’erano qua-<lb/>drate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2641" xml:space="preserve"># pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2642" xml:space="preserve">133</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2643" xml:space="preserve">Acanto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2644" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è una pianta, che <pb file="0286" n="286"/> ha le foglie larghe e lunghe, del-<lb/>la cui figura gli Antichi ſi ſono <lb/>ſerviti per ornamento nel Capitel-<lb/>lo delle Colonne, ed hanno an-<lb/>cora adornata la maggior parte de’ <lb/>membri d’ Architettura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2645" xml:space="preserve"># 25. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2646" xml:space="preserve">145.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2647" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2648" xml:space="preserve">Acrotere generalmente appreſſo gli <lb/>Antichi ſignifica ogni eſtremitâ <lb/>del corpo, come negli Animali il <lb/>naſo, l’ orecchie, le dita: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2649" xml:space="preserve">nelle <lb/>Fabbriche i finimenti e termini <lb/>de’ Tetti ſono chiamati Acroterj, <lb/>nella maniera medeſima, che ne’ <lb/>Navigli così ſono chiamati gli ſpe-<lb/>roni, che gli Antichi appellavano <lb/>anche roſtri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2650" xml:space="preserve">Negli edificj gli A-<lb/>croterj ſono particolarmente quei <lb/>piccoli promontorj o piedeſtalli, <lb/>che ſono poſti ſul mezzo, e ſu gli <lb/>angoli de’ Frontiſpicj per ſoſtenere <lb/>delle Statue. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2651" xml:space="preserve"># 97. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2652" xml:space="preserve">117</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2653" xml:space="preserve">Ala ſignifica una fila di Colonne, <lb/>che vien’ aggiunta ai lati di un <lb/>Tempio, o di un’Atrio, o di una <lb/>Baſilica, ſia al di dentro, ſia al <lb/>di fuori. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2654" xml:space="preserve">Così chiamaſi, perchè <lb/>ſta per fianco di un’ Edificio ſic-<lb/>come le Ale d’ un’ uccello ſono a <lb/>fianchi del ſuo corpo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2655" xml:space="preserve"># 153</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2656" xml:space="preserve">Allegerimento è un mezzo, di cui ſe <lb/>ne vale l’ Architettura per ovvia- <pb file="0287" n="287"/> re, che i muri non ſi sfendano <lb/>ſopra i vani delle porte e delle fi-<lb/>neſtre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2657" xml:space="preserve">Ciò ſi fa in due maniere, <lb/>cioè o per via di puntelli poſti <lb/>un contra l’altro e uniti in alto, <lb/>o per via di un’ arcata. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2658" xml:space="preserve"># 64</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2659" xml:space="preserve">Amfiproſtilo era una ſpecie di Tem-<lb/>pio, che avea quattro Colonne nel-<lb/>la facciata davanti, ed altrettante <lb/>in quella di dietro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2660" xml:space="preserve"># 162</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2661" xml:space="preserve">Anelletti ſono certi piccoli membri <lb/>quadrati, voltati in rotondo, che <lb/>ſi mettono al Capitello Dorico al <lb/>di ſotto di quel membro fatto in <lb/>quarto di tondo, da noi detto Ovo-<lb/>lo, o pur appellato Echino. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2662" xml:space="preserve"># 124</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2663" xml:space="preserve">Ante è un Pilaſtro quadrato, che gli <lb/>Antichi mettevano ſui cantoni de’ <lb/>muri de’ Templi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2664" xml:space="preserve"># 160</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2665" xml:space="preserve">Antepagmento è quell’ornamento o te-<lb/>lajo, che borda i tre lati delle <lb/>porte: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2666" xml:space="preserve">noi lo chiamiamo Erta, ed <lb/>anche Impoſta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2667" xml:space="preserve"># 98. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2668" xml:space="preserve">155</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2669" xml:space="preserve">Architrave ſignifica il Trave mae-<lb/>ſtro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2670" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è quella parte dell’ <lb/>Edificio, che è immediatamente <lb/>poſata ſopra i Capitelli delle Co-<lb/>lonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2671" xml:space="preserve">Quindi è che i Greci lo <lb/>chiamano Epiſtilio, cioè a di-<lb/>re quello ch’ è ſopra le Colon-<lb/>ne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2672" xml:space="preserve"># 97</s> </p> <pb file="0288" n="288"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2673" xml:space="preserve">Aſſe è il Cardine, o ſia quel legno <lb/>che paſſa per il centro di una ruo-<lb/>ta o di altra coſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2674" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio chia-<lb/>ma con queſto nome anche l’ orlo <lb/>o filetto della Voluta, che fa la <lb/>di lei groſſezza ai lati, e che fa <lb/>l’ eſtremità di ciò, che appellaſi <lb/>communemente il Baluſtro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2675" xml:space="preserve"># 135</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2676" xml:space="preserve">Aſtragalo ſignifica il Talone, per la <lb/>ſua raſſomiglianza che ha appunto <lb/>con la rotondità del talone. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2677" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſto è un membro d’ Architettura, <lb/>che ſi mette alle Baſi, alle cor-<lb/>nici, all’ Erte, agli Architravi ec. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2678" xml:space="preserve">Eſſo è rotondo come una bacche-<lb/>ta, e per queſto noi lo chiamiamo <lb/>anche Tondino. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2679" xml:space="preserve"># 119</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2680" xml:space="preserve">Atleta ſignifica combattente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2681" xml:space="preserve">Gli At-<lb/>leti appreſſo gli Antichi erano quel-<lb/>li, ch’ eſercitavanſi nel corſo, nel-<lb/>la lotta ec. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2682" xml:space="preserve"># 178</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2683" xml:space="preserve">Atrio e Antitempio è un luogo coper-<lb/>to ſull’ ingreſſo de’ templi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2684" xml:space="preserve"># 152</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2685" xml:space="preserve">Attico ſignifica quello, ch’ è della <lb/>Città d’ Atene, ovvero del ſuo <lb/>Territorio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2686" xml:space="preserve">In Vitruvio queſto è <lb/>il nome della Baſe, che i Moder-<lb/>ni hanno data alla Colonna Dori-<lb/>ca. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2687" xml:space="preserve">Vien fatta menzione ancora <lb/>delle porte Antiche: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2688" xml:space="preserve">perchè tali <lb/>coſe ſono ſtate inventate dagli A- <pb file="0289" n="289"/> tenieſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2689" xml:space="preserve">Noi appelliamo Attico nel-<lb/>le noſtre Fabbriche un piccolo Or-<lb/>dine poſato ſopra un’altro molto <lb/>più grande; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2690" xml:space="preserve">perchè in luogo di <lb/>Colonne, queſto piccolo Ordine non <lb/>ha altro per l’ordinatio che Pi-<lb/>laſtri d’ una maniera particolare, e <lb/>d’ un’ Ordine, il quale nominaſi <lb/>appunto Attico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2691" xml:space="preserve"># 123</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div476" type="section" level="1" n="99"> <head xml:id="echoid-head236" xml:space="preserve">B</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2692" xml:space="preserve">BAlluſtro è la parte laterale del <lb/>Capitello lonico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2693" xml:space="preserve">I noſtri Artefi-<lb/>ci le hanno dato queſto nome, <lb/>perchè ha in qualche maniera la <lb/>forma di un Balluſtro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2694" xml:space="preserve"># 135</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2695" xml:space="preserve">Baſilica ſignifica Reale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2696" xml:space="preserve">Era que-<lb/>ſta appreſſo gli Antichi una gran <lb/>Sala, che avea due file di Colon-<lb/>ne, le quali faceano una gran na-<lb/>vata in mezzo, e due Ale alle <lb/>bande; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2697" xml:space="preserve">ſopra le quali Ale aveavi <lb/>dei Corridoj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2698" xml:space="preserve">Queſte Sale ch’ era-<lb/>no ſtate fatte da principio per i <lb/>Palazzi dei Re, ſervirono poſcia <lb/>per amminiſtrar la Giuſtizia, ed <lb/>in fine furono impiegate nelle Chie-<lb/>ſe de’ Chriſtiani: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2699" xml:space="preserve">i quali hanno da- <pb file="0290" n="290"/> to poſcia ſempre tal forma alle Chie-<lb/>ſe da loro fabbricate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2700" xml:space="preserve"># 148. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2701" xml:space="preserve">168</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2702" xml:space="preserve">Benda o Faſcia è un membro qua-<lb/>drato: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2703" xml:space="preserve">che termina l’ Architrave <lb/>dell’ Ordine Dorico, e che paſ-<lb/>ſa immediatamente ſotto i Tri-<lb/>glifi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2704" xml:space="preserve"># 124</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2705" xml:space="preserve">Bugna è la parte di muro, che ſi <lb/>fa ſportare fuori del lavoro: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2706" xml:space="preserve">cioc-<lb/>chè ſi fa o per farvi degl’ intagli <lb/>di ſcultura, o per naſcondere le <lb/>commeſſure col loro ſporto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2707" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſte ultime ſi mettono con un <lb/>ordine uguale ſecondo i corſi delle <lb/>pietre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2708" xml:space="preserve"># 94</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div477" type="section" level="1" n="100"> <head xml:id="echoid-head237" xml:space="preserve">C</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2709" xml:space="preserve">CAlcidica era una gran Sala alta e <lb/>piana con un Corridojo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2710" xml:space="preserve">Ella era <lb/>chiamata così a cagione della Cit-<lb/>tà di Calcide, nella quale fu la <lb/>prima volta fabbricata una tale ſpe-<lb/>zie di Edifizio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2711" xml:space="preserve"># 168</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2712" xml:space="preserve">Canalature, o Scanalature fono cer-<lb/>ti mezzi canali, che ſono inca-<lb/>vati dall’ alto al baſſo delle Co-<lb/>lonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2713" xml:space="preserve"># 106. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2714" xml:space="preserve">111</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2715" xml:space="preserve">Canale nel Capitello Jonico è quel- <pb file="0291" n="291"/> la parte ch’ è ſotto il Dado, po-<lb/>ſata ſopra l’ Echino od Ovo, e <lb/>che ſi rivolta in giro da ciaſche-<lb/>duna banda per far le Volute. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2716" xml:space="preserve">Tal parte è nominata Canale, <lb/>perchè ella è un poco incavata. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2717" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>pagg. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2718" xml:space="preserve"># 135. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2719" xml:space="preserve">146</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2720" xml:space="preserve">Cariatidi ſono certe ſtatue di Fem-<lb/>mine, le quali ſervono di Colon-<lb/>ne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2721" xml:space="preserve"># 29</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2722" xml:space="preserve">Cateto ſigniſica ciò, che ſi laſcia ca-<lb/>lare in giù perpendicolarmente. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2723" xml:space="preserve">Con tal nome chiamiamo noi una <lb/>linea a piombo, o ſia una linea <lb/>perpendicolare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2724" xml:space="preserve"># 133</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2725" xml:space="preserve">Caulicolo ſignifica un piccolo ſtelo. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2726" xml:space="preserve">Chiamaſi così ciò che ſorte tra <lb/>mezzo le foglie del Capitello Co-<lb/>rintio, e che ſi curva ſotto le Vo-<lb/>lute. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2727" xml:space="preserve"># 142</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2728" xml:space="preserve">Cella ſignifica in generale un picco-<lb/>lo luogo in una Fabbrica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2729" xml:space="preserve">Queſta <lb/>particolarmente me’ Templi degli <lb/>Antichi è la parte di mezzo, rac-<lb/>chiuſa da pareti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2730" xml:space="preserve">Era ella veriſi-<lb/>milmente chiamata così, perchè <lb/>era piccola in confronto di tutto <lb/>il Tempio, i di cui Portici ch’ <lb/>erano attorno la parte nominata <lb/>Cella, occupavano la parte princi-<lb/>pale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2731" xml:space="preserve"># 153</s> </p> <pb file="0292" n="292"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2732" xml:space="preserve">Chorobate ſignifica cio, che ſerve a <lb/>far la deſcrizione d’ un paeſe, ed <lb/>a trovarne la ſituazione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2733" xml:space="preserve">Egli è <lb/>propriamente quello, che noi chia-<lb/>miamo Livello, quando eſſo è <lb/>fatto col piombo, e coll’ acqua. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2734" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2735" xml:space="preserve"># 187</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2736" xml:space="preserve">Cimaſa ſignifica ciò ch’ è ondato. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2737" xml:space="preserve">Queſto in Architettura è un mem-<lb/>bro, di cui la metà è conveſſa, <lb/>e l’altra metà concava. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2738" xml:space="preserve">Ve ne ha <lb/>di due ſorte; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2739" xml:space="preserve">l’ una è chiamata <lb/>Gola dritta, di cui la parte più <lb/>avanzata è concava; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2740" xml:space="preserve">l’altra è det-<lb/>ta Talone, o ſia Gola roveſcia, <lb/>di cui la parte più avanzata è con-<lb/>veſſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2741" xml:space="preserve"># 126. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2742" xml:space="preserve">138. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2743" xml:space="preserve">eſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2744" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2745" xml:space="preserve">Cimaſa grande è l’ultimo, e più al-<lb/>to membro de’Corniccioni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2746" xml:space="preserve">Si chia-<lb/>ma altrimente grande Gola drit-<lb/>ta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2747" xml:space="preserve"># 115. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2748" xml:space="preserve">140</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2749" xml:space="preserve">Cimbia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2750" xml:space="preserve">Gli artefici così appellano <lb/>ciò che Vitruvio chiama Apofige, <lb/>cioè fuga, ed Apoteſi, cioè ritira-<lb/>mento. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2751" xml:space="preserve">Queſta non è altra coſa, <lb/>che un quarto di tondo cavo, che <lb/>va da un piccolo quadrato, o fi-<lb/>letto ritirandoſi per guadagnare ed <lb/>unirſi al vivo d’una Colonna, od’un <lb/>Muro, o d’una Faſcia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2752" xml:space="preserve"># 119</s> </p> <pb file="0293" n="293"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2753" xml:space="preserve">Cinta è la parte, che fa il mez-<lb/>zo del Balluſtro della Voluta Jo-<lb/>nica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2754" xml:space="preserve"># 135</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2755" xml:space="preserve">Coda di Rondine è un pezzo dì le-<lb/>gno, o d’ altra materia, che ſer-<lb/>ve ad attaccare inſieme due altri <lb/>pezzi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2756" xml:space="preserve">Così chiamaſi, perchè va <lb/>allargandoſi a maniera di coda di <lb/>Rondine. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2757" xml:space="preserve"># 120</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2758" xml:space="preserve">Corona è propriamente la parte del-<lb/>la Cornice, che noi chiamiamo <lb/>Gocciolatojo, o Lagrimatojo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2759" xml:space="preserve">El-<lb/>la ſovente vien preſa da Vitru-<lb/>vio per tutta la Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2760" xml:space="preserve"># 115. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2761" xml:space="preserve">139. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2762" xml:space="preserve">140.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2763" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2764" xml:space="preserve">Corona-piatta è un membro partico-<lb/>lare della Porta Dorica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2765" xml:space="preserve">Ella è <lb/>fatta per via dì uno slargamento <lb/>ſtraordinario della faſcia del Goc-<lb/>ciolatoio, ſicchè ell’ ha ſei volte <lb/>più di larghezza, che non ha di <lb/>ſporto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2766" xml:space="preserve">Queſta Corona non ſi truo-<lb/>va negli avanzi dell’ Antichità, <lb/>ſe non che negli ſcritti di Vitru-<lb/>vio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2767" xml:space="preserve"># 155</s> </p> <pb file="0294" n="294"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div478" type="section" level="1" n="101"> <head xml:id="echoid-head238" xml:space="preserve">D</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2768" xml:space="preserve">DAdo è quella parte che è nel <lb/>mezzo de’ Piedeſtalli, cioè a <lb/>dire quel membro, ch’è tra la lo-<lb/>ro Baſe, e la loro Cornice. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2769" xml:space="preserve">Egli <lb/>è chiamato così, perchè per lo <lb/>più è di forma cubica, come ap-<lb/>punto un Dado. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2770" xml:space="preserve">97. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2771" xml:space="preserve">130. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2772" xml:space="preserve">Alle <lb/>volte ſi chiama Dado anche l’ A-<lb/>baco, e il Plinto del Capitello. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2773" xml:space="preserve">124. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2774" xml:space="preserve">133.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2775" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2776" xml:space="preserve">Dentello è un membro della Cornice <lb/>Jonica, ch’è quadrato e inciſo da <lb/>più tagli; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2777" xml:space="preserve">i quali formando una <lb/>cavità tra un Dentello e l’ altro, <lb/>vengono a dargli la forma d’ una <lb/>raſtelliera di denti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2778" xml:space="preserve"># 116. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2779" xml:space="preserve">139</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2780" xml:space="preserve">Diaſtilo è la ſpezie d’ Edificio, do-<lb/>ve le Colonne ſono tanto diſtanti <lb/>l’una dall’altra, che nell’ interco-<lb/>lunnio vi poſſan capire tre diame-<lb/>tri di Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2781" xml:space="preserve"># 100</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2782" xml:space="preserve">Diminuzione è lo reſtrignimento, <lb/>che ſi dà alle Colonne in alto <lb/>ſin dove va a finire il Fuſto. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2783" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2784" xml:space="preserve"># 108</s> </p> <pb file="0295" n="295"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2785" xml:space="preserve">Diptero ſignifica ciò, che ha Ala <lb/>doppia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2786" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi così chiama-<lb/>vano que’ Templi, ch’ erano at-<lb/>torniati da due file di Colonne: <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2787" xml:space="preserve">poichè queſte due file formavano <lb/>due Portici, ch’ eſſi appellavano <lb/>Ale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2788" xml:space="preserve"># 163</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div479" type="section" level="1" n="102"> <head xml:id="echoid-head239" xml:space="preserve">E</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2789" xml:space="preserve">EChino ſignifica un Riccio ſpino-<lb/>ſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2790" xml:space="preserve">Così s’ appella un membro <lb/>d’ Architettura, che noi appellia-<lb/>mo un quarto di tondo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2791" xml:space="preserve">Tal no-<lb/>me gli è ſtato dato a cagione del-<lb/>la forma, che ſi dà per ordina-<lb/>rio a queſto quarto di tondo, la <lb/>qual pretendeſi che rappreſenti una <lb/>caſtagna colla ſcorza ſua ſpinoſa <lb/>mezzo aperta, che i Greci chia-<lb/>mano Echino, a motivo ch’ella è <lb/>coperta di punte, come un Ric-<lb/>cio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2792" xml:space="preserve">Chiamaſi ancora queſt’ Echi-<lb/>no così tagliato Ovo, oppur Ovo-<lb/>lo, perchè queſte tali preteſe ca-<lb/>ſtagne che vi s’ intagliano, ſono <lb/>in ovale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2793" xml:space="preserve"># 26. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2794" xml:space="preserve">119. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2795" xml:space="preserve">124. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2796" xml:space="preserve">138</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2797" xml:space="preserve">Epiſtilio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2798" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Architrave.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2799" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0296" n="296"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2800" xml:space="preserve">Euritmia ſignifica Proporzione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2801" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſta parola è preſa nel ſuo ſignifi-<lb/>cato generale in Architettura: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2802" xml:space="preserve">poi-<lb/>chè particolarmente ella ſignifica <lb/>la proporzione del movimento del-<lb/>la Danza, e della Muſica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2803" xml:space="preserve"># 34</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2804" xml:space="preserve">Euſtilo ſignifica una Fabbrica, dove <lb/>le Colonne ſono ben ſituate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2805" xml:space="preserve">La <lb/>porporzione è tale, che gl’ inter-<lb/>colunnj ſono di due diametri ed <lb/>un quarto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2806" xml:space="preserve"># 101</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div480" type="section" level="1" n="103"> <head xml:id="echoid-head240" xml:space="preserve">F</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2807" xml:space="preserve">FAſcia è un membro d’ Architettu-<lb/>ra, che ha molto di larghezza, <lb/>e poco di ſporto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2808" xml:space="preserve">La ſi mette agli <lb/>Architravi, e agli Antepagmenti, <lb/>o Erte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2809" xml:space="preserve"># 138</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2810" xml:space="preserve">Fileto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2811" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Liſtello.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2812" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2813" xml:space="preserve">Fregio è quella parte, che è po-<lb/>ſta tra l’ Architrave e la Corni-<lb/>ce. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2814" xml:space="preserve"># 97. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2815" xml:space="preserve">138</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2816" xml:space="preserve">Freſco è la pittura a ſguazzo, che <lb/>ſi fa ſopra l’ incamiciatura di <lb/>malta, prima che queſta ſia ſec-<lb/>ca. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2817" xml:space="preserve"># 74</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2818" xml:space="preserve">Frontiſpicio O Frontone è quella parte <pb file="0297" n="297"/> che copre la Cornice nell’entrate, <lb/>formando un triangolo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2819" xml:space="preserve"># 97.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2820" xml:space="preserve">113</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2821" xml:space="preserve">Fuſto è la parte principale della co-<lb/>lonna, che è tra la Baſe, e ‘l Ca-<lb/>pitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2822" xml:space="preserve"># 97</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div481" type="section" level="1" n="104"> <head xml:id="echoid-head241" xml:space="preserve">G</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2823" xml:space="preserve">GAmba. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2824" xml:space="preserve">Cos? </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2825" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio chiama ciò, <lb/>che v’ha di mezzo tra i canali, <lb/>che ſono ne’ Triglifi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2826" xml:space="preserve">126. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2827" xml:space="preserve">Vedi <lb/>Pianuzzo.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2828" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2829" xml:space="preserve">Genere. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2830" xml:space="preserve">Le Fabbriche ſi dicono eſ-<lb/>ſere differenti in Genere, allor-<lb/>chè la proporzione, che paſſa tra <lb/>la groſſezza delle colonne, e lo <lb/>ſpazio che v’ ha tra le medeſi-<lb/>me, ſono differenti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2831" xml:space="preserve"># 98</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2832" xml:space="preserve">Gnomonica è la ſcienza di fare orolo-<lb/>gj da ſole, Ella è così chiamata <lb/>dalla parola Greca Gnomon, che ſi-<lb/>gnifica ciò, che fa conoſcere: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2833" xml:space="preserve">per-<lb/>chè il Gnomone è uno ſtilo, o <lb/>verghetta di ferro, la quale fa co-<lb/>noſcere l’ altezza del Sole, i ſe-<lb/>gni ne’ quali egli ſi trova, e <lb/>le ore, pen mezzo della ſua om-<lb/>bra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2834" xml:space="preserve"># 18</s> </p> <pb file="0298" n="298"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2835" xml:space="preserve">Goccie ſono certe piccole parti, che <lb/>ſi pongono al numero di ſei ſot-<lb/>to ciaſchedun Triglifo nell’ Ar-<lb/>chitrave dell’ Ordine Dorico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2836" xml:space="preserve">124. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2837" xml:space="preserve">127.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2838" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2839" xml:space="preserve">Gocciolatojo è la parte della Cotni-<lb/>ce, che altrimenti diceſi Corona. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2840" xml:space="preserve">Così è detto perchè il ſuo uſo è <lb/>di fare ſgocciolare l’ acqua lungi <lb/>dal muro, facendola cadere a goc-<lb/>cia a goccia, a guiſa di lagrime. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2841" xml:space="preserve"><lb/>114. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2842" xml:space="preserve">126. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2843" xml:space="preserve">140. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2844" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Corona l.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2845" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2846" xml:space="preserve">Gola è la parte più ſtretta del Capi-<lb/>tello Dorico, ch’ è tra l’ Aſtragalo <lb/>del Fuſto di ſopra della Colonna, <lb/>e tra gli Anelletti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2847" xml:space="preserve"># 119. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2848" xml:space="preserve">124</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2849" xml:space="preserve">Gonfiezza, e Tumidezza è l’aumen-<lb/>tazione di groſſezza che ſi dà al-<lb/>le colonne a diritto del terzo del <lb/>Fuſto verſo il baſſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2850" xml:space="preserve"># 110</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2851" xml:space="preserve">Gradetto, o Liſtello, o Fileto è un <lb/>piccolo membro quadrato e drit-<lb/>to. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2852" xml:space="preserve"># 123</s> </p> <pb file="0299" n="299"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div482" type="section" level="1" n="105"> <head xml:id="echoid-head242" xml:space="preserve">I</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2853" xml:space="preserve">ICnografia ſignifica veſtigio, cioè a <lb/>dire la figura, che la pianta del <lb/>piede imprime ſopra la terra. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2854" xml:space="preserve">Chiamaſi così il piano d’ un Edi-<lb/>fizio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2855" xml:space="preserve"># 34</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2856" xml:space="preserve">Idraulica ſignifica una Macchina, <lb/>che lavora a forza d’ acqua, prin-<lb/>cipalmente quando vi ha dei can-<lb/>noni, o delle doccie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2857" xml:space="preserve"># 203. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2858" xml:space="preserve">204</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2859" xml:space="preserve">Impoſta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2860" xml:space="preserve">Queſta e la parte ſuperiore <lb/>d’ un Pilaſtro, ſopra il quale poſa <lb/>la faſcia di un’ Arcata, o pur un <lb/>Liſtello o Sopraciglio, ovvero una <lb/>Benda. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2861" xml:space="preserve"># 154</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2862" xml:space="preserve">Intavolato ſignifica propriamente il <lb/>Solajo, e viene dalla parola lati-<lb/>na Tabulatum. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2863" xml:space="preserve">Queſta in Architet-<lb/>tura è la parte, ch’è compoſta dell’ <lb/>Architrave, del Fregio e della <lb/>Cornice: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2864" xml:space="preserve">perchè in effetto queſta <lb/>parte è la eſtremità del ſolajo, <lb/>ch’ è ſoſtenuto dalle colonne, o <lb/>dal muro, ſe non vi ſono colon-<lb/>ne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2865" xml:space="preserve"># 119</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2866" xml:space="preserve">Ipertiro ſignifica ciò, ch’ è al diſſo- <pb file="0300" n="300"/> pra della porta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2867" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è una Ta-<lb/>vola larga, che è nelle porte Do-<lb/>riche al di ſopra del Sopraciglio, <lb/>in forma di Fregio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2868" xml:space="preserve"># 155. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2869" xml:space="preserve">156</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2870" xml:space="preserve">Ipetro ſignifica un Edifizio, la cui <lb/>parte interiore è allo ſcoperto, ed <lb/>eſpoſta alla pioggia. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2871" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi <lb/>appellavano così i Templi chenon <lb/>aveano Tetto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2872" xml:space="preserve"># 163</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div483" type="section" level="1" n="106"> <head xml:id="echoid-head243" xml:space="preserve">L</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2873" xml:space="preserve">LAconico era una Stuffa ſecca per <lb/>far ſudare. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2874" xml:space="preserve">Ella era così chia-<lb/>mata, perch’ era molto in uſo ap-<lb/>preſſo i Lacedemoni. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2875" xml:space="preserve"># 175</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2876" xml:space="preserve">Lacunare, o Soffitto è il Tavolato di <lb/>ſopra de’Portici. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2877" xml:space="preserve"># 154</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2878" xml:space="preserve">Liſtello per Sopraciglio, e Sopralimita-<lb/>re, è la parte ſuperiore d’una por-<lb/>ta, o d’ una fineſtra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2879" xml:space="preserve">ſiccome la <lb/>ſoglia è la parte inferiore, che gli <lb/>è oppoſta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2880" xml:space="preserve"># 154. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2881" xml:space="preserve">155</s> </p> <pb file="0301" n="301"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div484" type="section" level="1" n="107"> <head xml:id="echoid-head244" xml:space="preserve">M</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2882" xml:space="preserve">MEnſola, detta altrimenti Cartel-<lb/>la è un membro d’ Architettu-<lb/>ra, che ſi mette di qua e di là <lb/>dell’ Erta della Porta Jonica, per <lb/>ſoſtentare la Cornice, che v’ è di <lb/>ſopra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2883" xml:space="preserve"># 157</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2884" xml:space="preserve">Metopa ſrgniſica la Fronte. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2885" xml:space="preserve">Così chia-<lb/>maſi lo ſpazio, ch’ è nel Fre-<lb/>gio dell’ Ordine Dorico tra i Tri-<lb/>glifi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2886" xml:space="preserve"># 125</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2887" xml:space="preserve">Modiglione ſignifica in Italiano un <lb/>piccolo modulo, una piccola mi-<lb/>ſura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2888" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è una parte, ch’ è <lb/>ſovente ripetuta nella cornice Co-<lb/>rintia o Compoſta, e che ſoſtiene <lb/>lo ſporto del Gocciolatojo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2889" xml:space="preserve">Queſta <lb/>parte è chiamata il modulo picco-<lb/>lo in confronto del modulo gran-<lb/>de, il quale è il diametro della <lb/>colonna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2890" xml:space="preserve">perchè ſiccome le pro-<lb/>porzioni d’ un Edificio dipendono <lb/>dal diametro della colonna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2891" xml:space="preserve">così <lb/>ancora la grandezza dei modiglio-<lb/>ni, il loro numero, e iloro ſpazia-<lb/>menti debbon avere una corriſpon- <pb file="0302" n="302"/> denza con tutta la Fabbrica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2892" xml:space="preserve">116. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2893" xml:space="preserve">141.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2894" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2895" xml:space="preserve">Modulo è una miſura, che ſi pren-<lb/>de per regolare tutte le proporzio-<lb/>ni d’ una Fabbrica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2896" xml:space="preserve">Nell’ Ordine <lb/>Dorico queſto è la metà del dia-<lb/>metro della colonna; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2897" xml:space="preserve">negli altri <lb/>Ordini il modulo è il diametro <lb/>tutto intero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2898" xml:space="preserve"># 122</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2899" xml:space="preserve">Monoptero ſignifica in Architettura <lb/>ciò che non ha ſe non l’ ala. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2900" xml:space="preserve">Era queſta una ſpezie di Tempjo <lb/>rotondo, il cui coperto fatto a cu-<lb/>pola era ſoſtenuto ſoltanto da co-<lb/>lonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2901" xml:space="preserve"># 164</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2902" xml:space="preserve">Montone è una Macchina, che ſol-<lb/>leva in alto una maſſa aſſai peſan-<lb/>te, la quale poi ſi laſcia cadere <lb/>ſopra i pali, che voglionſi conſic-<lb/>car nella Terra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2903" xml:space="preserve"># 55. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2904" xml:space="preserve">66</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2905" xml:space="preserve">Moralle è un pezzo di legno lungo <lb/>come un trave, ma che non è sì <lb/>groſſo quanto un trave. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2906" xml:space="preserve"># 119. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2907" xml:space="preserve">120</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2908" xml:space="preserve">Mutulo ſignifica tarpato e mutilato. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2909" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è una ſpezie di Modiglio-<lb/>ne nella Cornice dell’ Ordine Do-<lb/>rico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2910" xml:space="preserve"># 127</s> </p> <pb file="0303" n="303"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div485" type="section" level="1" n="108"> <head xml:id="echoid-head245" xml:space="preserve">N</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2911" xml:space="preserve">NUcleo, e Anima è la parte di <lb/>mezzo dei Terrazzi degli An-<lb/>tichi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2912" xml:space="preserve">Eſſi lo facevano con cemen-<lb/>to, che mettevano tra mezzo a <lb/>una mano di miſtura formata di <lb/>rottami e di malta fatta di cal-<lb/>cina e ſabbione, ed il mattone o <lb/>pavimento. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2913" xml:space="preserve"># 69</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div486" type="section" level="1" n="109"> <head xml:id="echoid-head246" xml:space="preserve">O</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2914" xml:space="preserve">OCchio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2915" xml:space="preserve">Queſto è il mezzo del-<lb/>la Voluta Jonica, che ſi ta-<lb/>glia in forma d’ una piccola ro-<lb/>ſa. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2916" xml:space="preserve"># 134</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2917" xml:space="preserve">Orcheſtra ſignifica il luogo, dove ſi <lb/>danza. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2918" xml:space="preserve">Era queſto il ſito più baſ-<lb/>ſo del Teatro, ch’ era tra la Sce-<lb/>na, cioè a dire, tra il luogo <lb/>dove i Comici rappreſentavano, <lb/>e tra i gradi dove ſtavano ſe-<lb/>dendo gli Spettatori. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2919" xml:space="preserve">In queſto <lb/>luogo appunto coſtumavaſi di fare <pb file="0304" n="304"/> i balli delle Comedie de’ Greci. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2920" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2921" xml:space="preserve"># 169</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2922" xml:space="preserve">Ordine. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2923" xml:space="preserve">Gli Edificj ſi dice che ſo-<lb/>no d’ Ordine differente, allora <lb/>quando la proporzione ch’ è tra <lb/>la groſſezza delle colonne, e la <lb/>loro altezza, colle altre coſe che <lb/>convengono a queſta proporzione, <lb/>è differente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2924" xml:space="preserve"># 98</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2925" xml:space="preserve">Orlo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2926" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Plinto.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2927" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2928" xml:space="preserve">Ornamenti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2929" xml:space="preserve">Vitruvio così chiama l’ <lb/>Architrave, il Fregio e la Corni-<lb/>ce. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2930" xml:space="preserve"># 97</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2931" xml:space="preserve">Ortografia è una deſcrizione retta. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2932" xml:space="preserve">Queſta è la maniera di diſegnare <lb/>l’ elevazioni delle Fabbriche, nel-<lb/>la quale tutte le linee orizonta-<lb/>li ſono rette e parallele, e non <lb/>obblique, come nella perſpetti-<lb/>va. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2933" xml:space="preserve"># 34</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2934" xml:space="preserve">Ovolo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2935" xml:space="preserve">Queſt’ è ciò, che altramen-<lb/>te chiamaſi Echino, allora quan-<lb/>do è intagliato di ſcultura. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2936" xml:space="preserve">Vedi <lb/>Echino.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2937" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0305" n="305"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div487" type="section" level="1" n="110"> <head xml:id="echoid-head247" xml:space="preserve">p</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2938" xml:space="preserve">PAleſtra ſignifica propriamente il <lb/>luogo, dove i lottatori s’ eſer-<lb/>tavano: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2939" xml:space="preserve">ma la parola ſi ſtende a <lb/>ogni ſorta d’ eſercizio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2940" xml:space="preserve"># 176</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2941" xml:space="preserve">Paraſcenio è la parte di dietro del <lb/>Teatro, o della Scena. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2942" xml:space="preserve"># 172</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2943" xml:space="preserve">Periptero ſignifica ciò, che ha un’ <lb/>ala tutt’ attorno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2944" xml:space="preserve">Era queſta una <lb/>ſpezie di Tempio, che avea del-<lb/>le colonne da tutti quattro i lati, <lb/>e ch’ era differente dal Proſtilo, <lb/>perchè queſto non ne avea che <lb/>d’ avanti, e dall’ Amfiproſtilo, <lb/>che non ne avea che davanti e <lb/>di dietro, e non già alle ban-<lb/>de. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2945" xml:space="preserve"># 162</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2946" xml:space="preserve">Periſtilo ſignifica ciò, che ha delle <lb/>colonne tutt’ attorno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2947" xml:space="preserve">Egli è dif-<lb/>ferente dal Periptero in queſto, <lb/>che le colonne del Periſtilo ſono <lb/>nel di dentro, come attorno una <lb/>corte, e quelle del Periptero ſono <lb/>nel di fuori, come ne’Templi de-<lb/>gli Antichi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2948" xml:space="preserve"># 85.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2949" xml:space="preserve">167.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2950" xml:space="preserve">176</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2951" xml:space="preserve">Pianerottoli ſono gli ſpazj, che ſtan- <pb file="0306" n="306"/> no tra i gradini delle Scale per ri-<lb/>poſarſi nel ſalire, o per entrare <lb/>negli Appartamenti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2952" xml:space="preserve"># 107</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2953" xml:space="preserve">Pianuzzo detto da Vitruvio Femur, <lb/>vale a dire Coſcia, o Gamba, è <lb/>la parte del Triglifo, ch’ è tra <lb/>mezzo ai canali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2954" xml:space="preserve"># 126</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2955" xml:space="preserve">Picnoſtilo ſignifica una Fabbrica, do-<lb/>ve le colonne ſono aſſai ſpeſſe l’ <lb/>una coll’ altra; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2956" xml:space="preserve">in guiſa che gl’ <lb/>intercolunnj hanno ſolamente un <lb/>diamerro e mezzo della Colonna. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2957" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2958" xml:space="preserve"># 99</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2959" xml:space="preserve">Piedeſtallo è la parte, che ſoſtiene <lb/>la Colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2960" xml:space="preserve"># 95. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2961" xml:space="preserve">128. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2962" xml:space="preserve">e ſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2963" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2964" xml:space="preserve">Pilaſtro è un pezzo di pietra come <lb/>una colonna quadrata, di cui una <lb/>parte è incaſſata nel Muro, ed <lb/>ha la ſua Baſe e Capitello come <lb/>le Colonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2965" xml:space="preserve">Alle volte con tal <lb/>nome chiamiamo anche le Ante. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2966" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Ante. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2967" xml:space="preserve"># 63. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2968" xml:space="preserve">160</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2969" xml:space="preserve">Plaffondo o Soffitto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2970" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Lacunare.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2971" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2972" xml:space="preserve">Plinto ſignifica un mattone, o un <lb/>quadro di terra cotta. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2973" xml:space="preserve">Queſto in <lb/>Architettura ſi prende per una par-<lb/>te ch’ è quadrata, e che fa il ſon-<lb/>damento della Baſe delle colonne; <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2974" xml:space="preserve">ſi appella anche l’Orlo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2975" xml:space="preserve"># 119</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2976" xml:space="preserve">Portico è un luogo lungo, e coperto <pb file="0307" n="307"/> da unſoffittato, ſoſtenuto ſoprzco-<lb/>lonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2977" xml:space="preserve"># 153</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2978" xml:space="preserve">Poſtico è la parte di dietro d’ una <lb/>Fabbrica. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2979" xml:space="preserve"># 153. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2980" xml:space="preserve">159</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2981" xml:space="preserve">Proſcenio ſigniſica il davanti della Sce-<lb/>na. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2982" xml:space="preserve">Era queſto un Edificio tan-<lb/>to alto, quanto il ſupremo Por-<lb/>tico del Teatro, di cui la faccia-<lb/>ta era adornata di più ordini di <lb/>colonne. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2983" xml:space="preserve"># 171</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2984" xml:space="preserve">Proſtilo ſignifica ciò che ha colon-<lb/>ne nella faccia davanti ſolamen-<lb/>te. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2985" xml:space="preserve">Così chiamavaſi una delle <lb/>ſpezie di Templi degli Antichi. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2986" xml:space="preserve">pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2987" xml:space="preserve"># 162</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2988" xml:space="preserve">Pſeudodiptero ſigniſica falſo Diptero. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2989" xml:space="preserve">Era queſta una ſpezie di Tem-<lb/>pio, ch’ avea de’ Portici tutt’ all’ <lb/>intorno, ognuno de’ quali era tan-<lb/>to largo, quanto il doppio Portico <lb/>del Diptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2990" xml:space="preserve"># 163</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2991" xml:space="preserve">Pſeudoperiptero, o falſo Periptero è <lb/>una ſpezie di Tempio, in cui le <lb/>colonne dei lati ſono attaccate ai <lb/>pareti del di dentro del Tempio, <lb/>il quale è allargato ſino a racchiu-<lb/>dere nel di dentro quello ſpazio, <lb/>ch’ è aſſegnato ai Portici nel Pe-<lb/>riptero. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2992" xml:space="preserve"># 164</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2993" xml:space="preserve">Pulpito era il luogo, ſopra cuii Co- <pb file="0308" n="308"/> mici rappreſentavano; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2994" xml:space="preserve">ch’ è pro-<lb/>priamente ciò, che noi chiamia-<lb/>mo il Teatro. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2995" xml:space="preserve"># 170</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div488" type="section" level="1" n="111"> <head xml:id="echoid-head248" xml:space="preserve">R</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2996" xml:space="preserve">REgoletta è un piccolo membro <lb/>quadrato, che è a diritto di <lb/>ciaſchedun Triglifo ſotto la Ben-<lb/>da dell’ Architrave, e da cui pen-<lb/>dono le Goccie nell’ Ordine Do-<lb/>rico. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2997" xml:space="preserve"># 124</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s2998" xml:space="preserve">Rudus era una malta groſſa, che ſi <lb/>uſava per uguagliare la ſuperfi-<lb/>zie de’ muri, che s’ incroſtavano, <lb/>prima di darvi la mano di malta <lb/>fina, con cui ricoprivaſi la ſuper-<lb/>fizie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s2999" xml:space="preserve">Serviva ancora a fare la ſe-<lb/>conda mano de’ Terrazzi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3000" xml:space="preserve"># 66</s> </p> <pb file="0309" n="309"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div489" type="section" level="1" n="112"> <head xml:id="echoid-head249" xml:space="preserve">S</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3001" xml:space="preserve">SCena ſignifica Tabernacolo, Tenda, <lb/>Padiglione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3002" xml:space="preserve">Era queſtanel Tea-<lb/>tro degli Antichi una gran faccia-<lb/>ta di Fabbrica adornata di Colon-<lb/>ne e di Statue, che avea tre <lb/>grandi aperture, nelle quali avean-<lb/>vi pitture di proſpettiva, che rap-<lb/>preſentavano le abitazioni, ove ſog-<lb/>giornavano i perſonaggi, i quali <lb/>venivano a recitare le Tragedie o <lb/>Comedie. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3003" xml:space="preserve"># 170. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3004" xml:space="preserve">e ſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3005" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3006" xml:space="preserve">Scenografia è la terza maniera di di-<lb/>ſegnare un’ Edifizio, allorchè è <lb/>rappreſentato in proſpettiva. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3007" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſto termine ſigniſica ancora la rap-<lb/>preſentazione in rilievo, o alzato <lb/>che ſi chiama Modello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3008" xml:space="preserve"># 34</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3009" xml:space="preserve">Scozia ſignifica tenebra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3010" xml:space="preserve">Queſt’ è un <lb/>membro d’ Architettura incavato co-<lb/>me un mezzo canale: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3011" xml:space="preserve">per tal ragio-<lb/>ne ſi chiama anche Navicella. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3012" xml:space="preserve">Egli <lb/>è particolarmente affiſſo alle Baſi, <lb/>dove vi ſi mette tra i Tori, e gli <lb/>Aſtragali. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3013" xml:space="preserve">Si mette anche talvol-<lb/>ta al di ſotto del Gocciolatojo nel- <pb file="0310" n="310"/> la Cornice dell’ Ordine Dorico <lb/>pag. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3014" xml:space="preserve"># 123.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3015" xml:space="preserve">127.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3016" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3017" xml:space="preserve">Simmetria ſignifica generalmente ap-<lb/>preſſo i Greci ed i Latini, la re-<lb/>lazione che la grandezza di un tut-<lb/>to ha con le ſue parti; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3018" xml:space="preserve">quando <lb/>qu eſta tal relazione è uguale in <lb/>un’ altro tutto ancora riſpetto alle <lb/>ſue parti, dove la grandezza è dif-<lb/>ferente. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3019" xml:space="preserve">Preſſo a noi particolar-<lb/>mente il termine ſigniſica quella <lb/>relazione, che le parti dritte han-<lb/>no con le ſiniſtre, le alte con <lb/>le baſſe ec. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3020" xml:space="preserve">in tutto ciò che le <lb/>può rendere ſimili l’ une all’al-<lb/>tre. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3021" xml:space="preserve"># 36. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3022" xml:space="preserve">92</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3023" xml:space="preserve">Siſtilo ſignifica una Fabbrica, dove <lb/>le colonne ſembrano eſſer unite in-<lb/>ſieme, perchè l’intercolunnio non <lb/>è che di due diametri di colon-<lb/>na. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3024" xml:space="preserve"># 99</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3025" xml:space="preserve">Soffitto. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3026" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Lacunave.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3027" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3028" xml:space="preserve">Stadio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3029" xml:space="preserve">Queſta parola ſigniſica un <lb/>luogo, dove a’ cuno ſi ferma, quan-<lb/>tunque ſia eſſo quello dove ſi cor-<lb/>re. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3030" xml:space="preserve">Gli Antichi hanno così chia-<lb/>mato lo ſpazio di cento venticin-<lb/>que paſſi, che ſi dice ch’ Ercole <lb/>correſſe ſenza mai fermarſi, eſen-<lb/>za prenden fiato. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3031" xml:space="preserve">In Architettura <pb file="0311" n="311"/> queſto è un Edifizio in maniera <lb/>di Teatro, compoſto di molti gra-<lb/>di, aſſai lungo, ed incurvato da <lb/>ambe l’ eſtremità, dove poteano <lb/>metterſi quelli, che voleano eſſe-<lb/>re ſpettatori del corſo degli Atle-<lb/>ti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3032" xml:space="preserve"># 172. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3033" xml:space="preserve">178</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3034" xml:space="preserve">Sattumen ſignifica generalmente tut-<lb/>to ciò, che ſi adopra per ſoſtenta-<lb/>re, ed appoggiare qualche coſa. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3035" xml:space="preserve">In Architettura è una ſpezie di <lb/>malta miſta di ſaſſi e di rottami, <lb/>della quale facevaſi la prima mano <lb/>de’ Terrazzi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3036" xml:space="preserve"># 66</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3037" xml:space="preserve">Stilobate ſigniſica porta-colonna. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3038" xml:space="preserve">Noi <lb/>lo chiamiamo Piedeſtallo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3039" xml:space="preserve"># 107. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3040" xml:space="preserve">128. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3041" xml:space="preserve">e ſeg.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3042" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3043" xml:space="preserve">Stucco, ſpezie di malta fatta di pol-<lb/>vere di marmo e di calcina. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3044" xml:space="preserve"># 74</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div490" type="section" level="1" n="113"> <head xml:id="echoid-head250" xml:space="preserve">T</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3045" xml:space="preserve">TAglia è un iſtromento, che ſi uſa <lb/>per alzar peſi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3046" xml:space="preserve">E’compoſto di due <lb/>pezzi di legno forati e incavati, <lb/>in cui vi ſono girelle di ottone. <lb/></s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3047" xml:space="preserve">Attaccaſi uno di tali pezzi di legno <lb/>al luogo, verſo il quale ſi vuol’alzare <pb file="0312" n="312"/> il peſo; </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3048" xml:space="preserve">e l’ altro al peſo ſteſſo, il <lb/>quale ſi va levando, allorchè ti-<lb/>rando le funi che paſſano ſopra le <lb/>girelle dell’una e dell’altra par-<lb/>te della Taglia, ſi fanno avvici-<lb/>nare queſte due parti l’una all’al-<lb/>tra. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3049" xml:space="preserve"># 194. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3050" xml:space="preserve">195</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3051" xml:space="preserve">Tagliere è una tavoletta quadrata di <lb/>legno. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3052" xml:space="preserve">Queſt’ è la parte più al-<lb/>ta del Capitello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3053" xml:space="preserve">Vedi Abaco, e <lb/>Dado.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3054" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3055" xml:space="preserve">Teoria ſignifica contemplazione. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3056" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſta è la cognizione che ſi ha d’ una <lb/>coſa, allorchè l’intelletto ne ha <lb/>compreſe le cagioni, ſenza che la <lb/>pratica, o la ſperienza le abbia <lb/>moſtrate. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3057" xml:space="preserve"># 27</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3058" xml:space="preserve">Timpano ſignifica un Tamburo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3059" xml:space="preserve">Que-<lb/>ſta è la parte del fondo de’ Fron-<lb/>tiſpizj, che riſponde al vivo del <lb/>Fregio: </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3060" xml:space="preserve">queſta parte è triangola-<lb/>re, e poſa ſulla Cornice dell’ In-<lb/>tavolato, ed è ricoperta da due al-<lb/>tre Cornici in pendio. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3061" xml:space="preserve"># 97. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3062" xml:space="preserve">114</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3063" xml:space="preserve">Toro, che noi chiamiamo Baſtone, <lb/>è un membro nelle Baſi rotondo in <lb/>forma d’ un groſſo anello. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3064" xml:space="preserve">Viene <lb/>il termine dalla parola latina Te-<lb/>rus, che ſignifica un letto, un <lb/>materaſſo. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3065" xml:space="preserve"># 96. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3066" xml:space="preserve">123</s> </p> <pb file="0313" n="313"/> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3067" xml:space="preserve">Triglifo ſignifica intagliato intreluo-<lb/>ghi. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3068" xml:space="preserve">queſt’ è una parte, ch’ è <lb/>nel Fregio dell’ Ordine Dorico a <lb/>diritto di ciaſcheduna colonna, ed <lb/>in certe determinate diſtanze ne-<lb/>gl’ intercolunnj. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3069" xml:space="preserve"># 125</s> </p> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div491" type="section" level="1" n="114"> <head xml:id="echoid-head251" xml:space="preserve">V</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3070" xml:space="preserve">VEſtibolo ſignifica generalmente <lb/>tutt’i campi, che ſono ſull’ <lb/>ingreſſo, e che ſervono ſolamen-<lb/>te di paſſaggio a molti altri, i <lb/>quali hanno altri uſi particola-<lb/>ri. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3071" xml:space="preserve"># 85. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3072" xml:space="preserve">181</s> </p> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3073" xml:space="preserve">Voluta ſignifica attortigliata. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3074" xml:space="preserve">Queſt’è <lb/>una parte dei Capitelli degli Or-<lb/>dini Jonico, Corintio, e Compo-<lb/>ſto, che rappreſenta una ſcorza <lb/>d’ albero attortigliata, e rivoltata <lb/>in linea ſpirale. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3075" xml:space="preserve"># 134</s> </p> <pb file="0314" n="314"/> </div> <div xml:id="echoid-div492" type="section" level="1" n="115"> <head xml:id="echoid-head252" xml:space="preserve">X</head> <p> <s xml:id="echoid-s3076" xml:space="preserve">XIſto ſignifica raſchiato. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3077" xml:space="preserve">Era que-<lb/>ſto un luogo, dove s’ eſercita-<lb/>vano gli Atleti. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3078" xml:space="preserve">Egli è chiamato <lb/>così, perchè gli Atleti ſi faceva-<lb/>no raſchiar la pelle di tutto il cor-<lb/>po con delle ſtriglie, per farne ca-<lb/>dere il ſudore, e per render il <lb/>corpo medeſimo unito, ſdrucciolo-<lb/>ſo, e men’ atto a dar preſa alle ma-<lb/>ni de’ Lottatori. </s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3079" xml:space="preserve"># 177</s> </p> <p style="it"> <s xml:id="echoid-s3080" xml:space="preserve">Fine del preſente Libro che <lb/>ſi vende Live 6.</s> <s xml:id="echoid-s3081" xml:space="preserve"/> </p> <pb file="0315" n="315"/> <pb file="0316" n="316"/> <handwritten/> <pb file="0317" n="317"/> <handwritten/> <pb file="0318" n="318"/> </div></text> </echo>