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version 2008-09-21
author Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
date Fri, 26 Nov 2010 18:26:02 +0100
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1 %!TEX TS-program = xelatex
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2 %!TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode
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3 %!TEX root = ../DESpecs.tex
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4
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5
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6 %\section*{XeTeX test}
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7 %\newfontfamily{\A}{Geeza Pro}
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8 %\newfontfamily{\H}[Scale=0.9]{Lucida Grande}
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9 %\newfontfamily{\J}[Scale=0.85]{Osaka}
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10 %XeTeX reconciles LaTeX with Unicode.
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11 %German characters: äöüß,
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12 %formulas: $x^2 \to \sin \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$.
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13 %Here are some multilingual Unicode fonts:
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14 %this is Arabic text: {\A السلام عليكم},
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15 %this is Hebrew: {\H שלום},
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16 %and here's some Japanese: {\J 今日は}.
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17
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18 %\section*{General Specifications}
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19 %...
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20
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21 \section{Structural Markup}
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22
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23 \subsection{Pages and Page numbers}
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24
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25 \begin{mainrule}
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26 Page breaks are tagged by <page>. (Rather than <pb> ? Or <page/> instead? What is a “milestone” tag??) If the page has a page number, such as 34 or iii or VI, it is written thus: <page ... >. A blank line may be inserted before the <page> tag.
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27 \end{mainrule}
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28
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29 \begin{example}
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30
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31 \begin{type}
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32 \begin{tabular}{l}
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33 text line \\
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34 text line \\
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35 \\
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36 <page 34> \\
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37 text line \\
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38 text line
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39 \end{tabular}
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40 \end{type}
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41
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42 muh
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43
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44 \end{example}
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45
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46 (Do we need an ECHO image, or does a schematic example suffice?)
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47
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48 \subsection{Headers}
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49
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50 (from the archimedes specs)
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51
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52 <h>text</h>
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53
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54 all headings are tagged in the same way. (will the font size be ignored?)
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55
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56 \subsection{Paragraphs}
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57
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58 Paragraphs should be marked by <p> at the beginning and </p> at the end. Example: ... (Again: ECHO image or schematic example?)
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59
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60
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61 See also the example in section \ref{Structural markup general example}.
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62
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63 \subsection{Columns}
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64
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65 Use <col> and </col> to tag columns.
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66
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67
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68 Sometimes one column fills the whole width of the page. Still treat it as a column. (leave out this rule because the specs become too long?)
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69
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70 \subsection{Sentences}
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71
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72 Sentences will not be tagged. (Leave out this non-instruction?)
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73
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74 \subsection{Line breaks}
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75
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76 Line breaks will be typed as such, without additional tags. A word separation mark is typed as hyphen.
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77
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78 Do not insert a space at the end. (The idea is that without this rule the results of two different typists will invariably differ. On the other hand, this is easy to normalise in the post-processing stage. How does the Chines firm decide if the results of two typists are the same? A third person compares it and either finds or does not find ay differences? Then this rule would be superfluous and would in fact hinder the workflow.)
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79
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80 (is singular "a word separation mark" more clear than plural?)
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81
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82 Example:
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83
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84 \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{bsp_paragraphshort_euclidlat_9}
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85
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86 \begin{type}
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87 \begin{tabular}{l}
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88 RENSIS CLARISSIMI PHILOSOPHI, MATHEMA- \\
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89 ticorum facilè principis, primùm ex Campano, deinde ex Theone Grӕco \\
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90 cõmentatore, interprete Bartholomӕo Zamberto Veneto,
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91 \end{tabular}
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92 \end{type}
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93
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94 (Is it asked too much to recognise word separation marks? But then, how should one type an “equality sign in inverse italics”?)
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95
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96
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97 \subsection{Blank lines}
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98
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99 Do not insert blank lines. (Or: You can insert blank lines? An explicit "do not insert" rule will probably be ignored anyway?
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100
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101 \subsection{Marginal notes}
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102
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103 A marginal note should be typed in separate lines, after the line of the main text where it occurs (or: after the line it is the closest to). Use the <m> and </m> tag.
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104
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105 (The post-processing effort of adjusting marginal notes is small compared to the effort of typing them, so it does not make sense to make this rule too precise or to have complicated rule variations for marginal notes to the left and to the right of the main text. Or does it make sense to say something like: a blank line before/after the marginal note indicates that the note ist to hte right/left of the main text? Or <marginal left>, <marginal right> ? But again: How are the results of two typists compared? Do they know that having the marginal note one line above or below doesn't matter?)
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106
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107 Example: image left marginal note, image right marginal note.
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108
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109 \includegraphics[scale=0.9]{bsp_marginalnote_coimbricenses_232}
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110
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111 \begin{tabular}{l}
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112 main text \\
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113 <marginal>marginal text\\
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114 marginal text \\
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115 marginal text</marginal> \\
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116 main text \\
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117 \end{tabular}
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118
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119 Would <m> be better than <marginal>? Do they speak English or is an English word just longer to type for them?
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120
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121 Handwritten marginal notes should \emph{not} be typed.
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122
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123 (Do we need an example here?)
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124
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125 \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{bsp_handmargin2_benedetti_174}
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126
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127 \subsection{Footnotes}
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128
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129 A footnote should be typed where it occurs, but in separate lines. Use the <fn> and </fn> tag. Ignore the footnote symbol in the main text. Type it in the <fn> tag, but ignore the superscript.
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130
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131 Example [image]: this word$^1$ has a footnote
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132
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133 \begin{tabular}{l}
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134 this word \\
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135 <fn 1> footnote text \\
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136 footnote text</fn> \\
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137 has a footnote \\
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138 \end{tabular}
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139
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140 Alternative:
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141
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142 \begin{tabular}{l}
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143 this word 1 has a footnote \\
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144 <fn 1> footnote text \\
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145 footnote text</fn> \\
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146 \end{tabular}
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147
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148 Another alternative: Ignore the semantics of the footnote, write the footnote symbol in superscript in the main text, type in the footnote where it occurs on the text?
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149
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150 Archimedes (note: <n> vs. <fn> !?)
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151
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152 \begin{tabular}{l}
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153 this word...<n 1> has a footnote \\
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154 <fn 1> footnote text \\
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155 footnote text</fn> \\
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156 \end{tabular}
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157
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158 (what are common footnote symbols at this that time? Do we need to provide a list with <01> replacements for weird symbols?)
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159
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160 \subsection{Figures}
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161
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162 (Follow the workflow for the mechanics project? <p>text<figure/></p> ??)
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163
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164 (Does it make sense to make them distinguish between sheer ornaments and figures? Would be easy to distinguish at the post-processing stage.)
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165
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166 Where the figure occurs, Put a <figure> tag in a separate line.
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167
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168 Example images: between paragraphs, between lines of one paragraph, left/middle/center position and the text is floating around it, between two columns (treat as to the right of the left column)?
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169
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170 \begin{tabular}{l}
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171 text</p> \\
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172 <figure> \\
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173 <p>text \\
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174 \end{tabular}
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175
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176 \begin{tabular}{l}
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177 text \\
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178 <figure> \\
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179 text \\
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180 \end{tabular}
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181
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182 And so on.
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183
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184 \subsection{Tables and lists}
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185
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186 \subsection{Catchwords and Signatures}
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187
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188 Catchwords and signatures at the bottom of the page should not be typed.
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189
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190 Example
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191
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192 \includegraphics[scale=0.35]{bsp_catchwordsignature_benedetti_191}
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193
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194
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195 \subsection{Unrecognizable characters}
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196
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197 Obscure characters: Chinese firm should make list, e.g. <01> etc., use consistently.
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198
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199 Creases, etc.
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200
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201 General tag “there is a problem”, applicable to characters, words, paragraphs, or pages.
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202
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203 le*t*ter, le*tte*r, *letter*, <p *>, <page *> ?
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204
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205 (There is a considerable degree of decision-making involved. Can the versions of two typists still be compared?)
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206
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207
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208 \subsection{Example}
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209 \label{Structural markup general example}
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210
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211 Ornaments as <ornament>. Paragraphs are tagged. Blank lines may or may not be inserted between paragraphs. Line breaks are typed, but without explicit tag. Centered text becomes left-aligned. Spaces between the letters of a word in caps are not typed. Rule for spaces before/after punctuation. Rule for font size? Word breaks as - regardless of their actual shape? \$ for long s. Diacritics. Ornamental letters as simple letters.
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212
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213 Example (Euclid latin, p.9):
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214
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215 \includegraphics[scale=0.55]{bsp_paragraph_euclidlat_9}
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216
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217
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218 \begin{tabular}{l}
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219 <ornament> \\
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220 <p><ornament>EVCLIDIS MEGA \\
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221 RENSIS CLARISSIMI PHILOSOPHI, MATHEMA- \\
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222 ticorum facilè principis, primùm ex Campano, deinde ex Theone Grӕco \\
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223 cõmentatore, interprete Bartholomӕo Zamberto Veneto, \\
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224 Geometricorũ elementorum Liber primus.</p> \\
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225 <p>/Ex Campano, triplex principiorum genus./ \\
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226 Primùm, Diffinitiones.</p> \\
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227 <p>PUnctus e\$t, cuius pars non e\$t. 2 Linea, \\
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228 e\$t Lõgitudo \$ine latitudine: 3 cuius quidẽ \\
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229 ... </p> \\
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230 \end{tabular}
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231
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232 insert </p><p> after the line in italics (Ex Campano etc.)? It's difficult to decide whether a new paragraph begins here or not.
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233
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234 (possible book-specific rule: space after sentence number)
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235
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236 \section{Positional Markup}
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237
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238 %\subsection{}
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239
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240 <lang greek>, etc., for example with latin and greek columns? Or is it easily insertable during post-processing?
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241
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242 \subsection{Punctuation}
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243
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244 Regardless of the use of spaces in the book, there should be a blank after . , : ; ! ?, but not before.
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245
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246 (is it called space or blank? Blank to be confused with blank line?)
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247
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248 \qquad Word. Word, word: Word; word! Word?
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249
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250 Parentheses: Word (word word) word [word] word \{word\} word.
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251
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252 Archimedes: <sub> for subscript, <super> for superscript
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253
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254
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255 \subsection{Latin Alphabet}
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256
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257
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258 \subsubsection{Characters to be typed directly}
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259
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260 (from the ECHO data entry specifications)
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261
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262 ASCII characters should be used with their normal values, except as indicated below. Note that \emph{tilde} (by itself) should be entered directly as \textasciitilde.
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263
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264 The following characters with diacritics are to be typed directly:
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265
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266 \begin{tabular}{lll}
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267 Characters with acute accent & á é í ó ú & Á É Í Ó Ú \\
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268 Characters with grave accent & à è ì ò ù & À È Ì Ò Ù \\
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269 Characters with circumflex accent & â ê î ô û & Â Ê Î Ô Û \\
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270 Characters with umlaut/diaeresis & ä ë ï ö ü ÿ & Ä Ë Ï Ö Ü Ÿ \\
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271 Characters with tilde & ã õ ñ & Ã Õ Ñ \\
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272 Characters with cedilla & ç & Ç \\
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273 Common ligatures & æ œ & Æ Œ \\
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274 \end{tabular}
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275
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276 (Place this table more prominently? Larger font? Bold face?)
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277
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278 Owing to the high frequency of “long s” <∫ >, this character should be typed as \$.
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279
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280 long s as \$ or S or (s), as in e\$t, eSt, e(s)t, or directly (Mac German keyboard: ∫ is alt-b)? (version eSt: easy to type; problem with words in caps but this can be disambiguated automatedly; problem with words that start with a capital S)
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281
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282 [Is there an easy way to type õ (simply tilde-o, just as on a German keyboard)? If not: õ as ~o, or as (o)? This should work well if the typists are careful with the spaces before and after real brackets: e.g. quid(e) versus quid (e).]
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283
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284 [ӕ as (ae), etc.?]
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285
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286
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287 (ECHO specifications, continued)
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288
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289 (Are these instructions intended for Chinese typists or for scholars? If the former, they should be changed or left out. For example, we should know whether their input method supports the composition of the accent with a certain character.)
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290
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291 XML Entity notation: Characters that cannot be conveniently be typed may be indicated by means of XML entities. The entities specified in ISO 8879 (see especially isolat1 and isolat2) should be used. More generally, some characters may be entered using conventions specified below:
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292
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293 For characters with accents enumerated above, if the text input method does not support the composition of the accent with a certain character, entities may be used thus. For instance, the operating system typically makes no provision for allowing the entry of a modified <q> — yet such characters are frequent in Latin materials. They may be typed as (e.g.):
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294
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295 \qquad \&qacute; \&qgrave; \&quml; \&qtilde;
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296
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297 The ampersand (\&) must be entered as the entity \&amp; to avoid confusion with its use in entitites.
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298
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299
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300 \subsubsection{Italics}
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301
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302 Encode italics for words and whole lines with /.../. Example:
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303
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304 text /text/ text
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305
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306 /text text text/
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307
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308 \begin{tabular}{l}
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309 /text text text/ \\
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310 /text text text/ \\
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311 /text text text/ \\
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312 \end{tabular}
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313
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314 Paragraphs in italics: <p //>text</p>
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315
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316 <page //> ??
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317
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318 (Or will this end in disaster because <p //> and </p> look too similar? Alternative: <p italics>text</p>, <page italics>. General question: is it alright to use a symbol such as / if we already use it with a different meaning in a different context, i.e. in closing tags, even though the conexts cannot be mixed up easily?)
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319
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320 Problem of single non-italic characters within a paragraph in italics.
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321
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322 \subsubsection{Ligatures}
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323
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324 Resolve simple ligatures: fi, fl, ffi, ffl, st, ct [image: ct]
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325
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326 Examples:
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327
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328 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligae_benedetti_13}
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329 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligct_benedetti_13}
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330 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligfi_benedetti_13}
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331
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332 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligii_benedetti_13}
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333 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligsi_benedetti_13}
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334 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligss_benedetti_13}
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335
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336 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligssi_benedetti_13}
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337 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligst_benedetti_13}
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338 \includegraphics[scale=0.2]{bsp_ligshortst_benedetti_156}
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339
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340 Treat as normal character: \& (even better: do not mention \& in the specs)
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341
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342 * List of complex latin ligatures: Ligature, meaning (leave out?), encode as.
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343
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344 Encode as <01> (or <001> ?) etc. according to this list
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345
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346 \subsection{Greek Alphabet}
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347
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348
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349
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350 \subsubsection{Ligatures}
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351
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352 list: the alphabet, two different sigmas; stigma (sigma-tau ligature) will not be mentioned and typed as sigma
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353
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354 list: high frequency ligatures: ου, μεν, etc.
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355
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356 list: easy ligatures: γη, γω, δι, δο, δρ, ερ, ει, κο, λλ, μο, πα, πο, σκ, σι, στι (as σι ?), στο (as σο ?), τα, τι, το, υν, ψι, etc.
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357
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358 list: difficult and rare ligatures: [ευ], [μετα], [την], [των], etc. Some of them are, in fact, probably not that rare.
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359
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360 The \emph{exact} shape of the μετα ligature with the grave accent in the ligature is not listed in Faulmann 1880. Wallace 1923 has it, though. Wallace seems to be more focused than Faulmann, who wants to cover everything from antiquity until the 19th century.
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361 %(Unfortunately, Wallace is completely handwritten.)
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362 Neither one has the exact shape of the ευ ligature, so unless we provide specific lists for each book, there will be always some guessing involved. Ingram 1966, \emph{The Ligatures of Early Printed Greek}, has both, but deliberately leaves out simple ligatures such as γω and semi-simple ligatures such as ψι (see Ingram p.380) because he didn't think of Chinese typists. (Faulmann has ψι, but not γω.) In short, perhaps the easiest path for us would be to reproduce (a subset of) Ingram's list.
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363
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364 Example (Euclid lat/gr, p.16):
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365
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366 %\begin{figure}[htb]
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367 %\centering
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368 \includegraphics[scale=0.3]{greek_text_with_ligatures}
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369 %\caption{Sample text for Greek ligatures (Euclid lat/gr, p.16)}
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370 %\label{picture greek ligatures}
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371 %\end{figure}
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372
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373 %\ref{picture greek ligatures})
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374 Transcription in four versions (with standardised β instead of ϐ, which is U+03D0): The first version is the easiest to read, which may be an advantage even with automated post-processing. Also, it makes it easier to encode the accents, see below.
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375
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376 $\to$ The Times font in which this XeTeX document is set doesn't have stigma and the alternative beta, and the combination of spiritus asper/lenis and an accent looks weird on the screen (prints fine on the Konica printer). Use a different font? Times New Roman has stigma and alternative beta and could be used for these characters.
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377
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378 $\to$ Greek characters in monospaced fonts: There are only a few monospaced fonts on the Mac, namely Courier, Courier New, Andale Mono, Monaco. Courier and Monaco don't have Greek characters. Andale Mono doesn't have complex characters such as alpha with accent and spiritus. Thus, only Courier New remains and can be seen below. Are we happy with it? The alternative would be a new monospaced font or a non-monospaced font such as Times/Times New Roman or Minion Pro.
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379
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380 \begin{typeGreek}
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381 \begin{tabular}{l}
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382 Πάππ(ου) τ(οῦ) Αλεξαν(δρ)έως Σ(υν)α(γω)(γῆ)ς \\
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383 ἓβ(δο)(μο)ν. \\
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384 Πε(ρι)έχ(ει) δὲ λήμμα(τα) τ(οῦ) ἀναλυο(μέν)(ου) (τό)(πο)υ. \\
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385 Ο καλ(ού)(μεν)ος ἀναλυό(μεν)ος, Ερμόδωρε τέκνον, \\
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386 κα(τὰ) σύ(λλ)η(ψι)ν ἰ(δί)α (τί)ς ἐ(στι)ν ὓλη (πα)ρε(σκ)[ευ]ασ(μέν)η, \\{}
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387 [μετὰ] [τὴν] [τῶν] (κο)ινῶν (στο)ιχ(εί)ων (πο)ίη(σι)ν, (το)ῖς β(ου)λομένοις \\
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388 \end{tabular}
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389 \end{typeGreek}
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390
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391 (Last word: Either the alternative beta is not used at the beginning of the word or this is an alternative version of the capital beta; my guess is the former. Note that μέν is \emph{not} ligated here. The ου ligature is printed badly.)
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392
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393 \begin{typeGreek}
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394 \begin{tabular}{l}
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395 Πάππ<01> τ<01> Αλεξαν<07>έως Σ<23>α<04><03>ς \\
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parents:
diff changeset
396 ἓβ<06><13>ν. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
397 Πε<09>έχ<10> δὲ λήμμα<20> τ<01> ἀναλυο<02><01> <22><15>υ. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
398 Ο καλ<01><02>ος ἀναλυό<02>ος, Ερμόδωρε τέκνον, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
399 κα<20> σύ<12>η<24>ν ἰ<05>α <21>ς ἐ<18>ν ὓλη <14>ρε<16><25>ασ<02>η, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
400 <26> <27> <28> <11>ινῶν <19>ιχ<10>ων <15>ίη<17>ν, <22>ῖς β<01>λομένοις \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
401 \end{tabular}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
402 \end{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
403
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
404 \begin{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
405 \begin{tabular}{l}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
406 Πάππ(01) τ(01) Αλεξαν(07)έως Σ(23)α(04)(03)ς \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
407 ἓβ(06)(13)ν. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
408 Πε(09)έχ(10) δὲ λήμμα(20) τ(01) ἀναλυο(02)(01) (22)(15)υ. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
409 Ο καλ(01)(02)ος ἀναλυό(02)ος, Ερμόδωρε τέκνον, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
410 κα(20) σύ(12)η(24)ν ἰ(05)α (21)ς ἐ(18)ν ὓλη (14)ρε(16)(25)ασ(02)η, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
411 (26) (27) (28) (11)ινῶν (19)ιχ(10)ων (15)ίη(17)ν, (22)ῖς β(01)λομένοις \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
412 \end{tabular}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
413 \end{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
414
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
415 \begin{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
416 \begin{tabular}{l}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
417 Πάππ01 τ01 Αλεξαν07έως Σ23α0403ς \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
418 ἓβ0613ν. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
419 Πε09έχ10 δὲ λήμμα20 τ01 ἀναλυο0201 2215υ. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
420 Ο καλ0102ος ἀναλυό02ος, Ερμόδωρε τέκνον, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
421 κα20 σύ12η24ν ἰ05α 21ς ἐ18ν ὓλη 14ρε1625ασ02η, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
422 26 27 28 11ινῶν 19ιχ10ων 15ίη17ν, 22ῖς β01λομένοις \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
423 \end{tabular}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
424 \end{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
425
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
426 The first version makes it easier to encode the accents. Alternative:
106aa1285f04 version 2008-09-21
Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
427
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
428 \begin{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
429 \begin{tabular}{l}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
430 Πάππ<01> τ<01\textasciitilde> Αλεξαν<07>έως Σ<23>α<04><03\textasciitilde>ς \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
431 ἓβ<06><13>ν. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
432 Πε<09>έχ<10> δὲ λήμμα<20> τ<01\textasciitilde> ἀναλυο<02´><01> <22´><15>υ. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
433 Ο καλ<01´><02>ος ἀναλυό<02>ος, Ερμόδωρε τέκνον, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
434 κα<20`> σύ<12>η<24>ν ἰ<05´>α <21´>ς ἐ<18>ν ὓλη <14>ρε<16><25>ασ<02´>η, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
435 <26`> <27`> <28\textasciitilde> <11>ινῶν <19>ιχ<10´>ων <15>ίη<17>ν, <22>ῖς β<01>λομένοις \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
436 \end{tabular}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
437 \end{typeGreek}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
438
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
439 Stigma-ligatures: (στι), or encode as (ςι), i.e. end-sigma and iota, and disambiguate later, or with proper stigma character U+03DB, i.e. (ϛι)? Probably (στι), because they will have to look it up anyway. Tilde or circumflex: The circumflex in the book looks like a modern tilde. Encode as circumflex anyway? (My Greek textbooks used the tilde, but it was called circumflex.)
106aa1285f04 version 2008-09-21
Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
440
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
441 The same text in Beta Code, with additional < and > for ligatures (probably a bad choice as there are possible collisions with milestone tags, e.g. <ti/>), capital and small letters rather than capital letters with and without an asterisk, comma (rather than apostrophe as in an ancient version of Beta Code) to denote comma in the Greek text. Also, I would find it more natural to type the diacritics before rather than after the character, just as á is typed as ´a. Alternative for s1 and s2: Always type s and use disambiguation rules.
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
442
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
443 For Beta Code: It may be easier to type if one is familiar with the Latin alphabet. Against Beta Code: If the typists use a keyboard with Greek letters, even if they don't know the Greek language, it may help that they can immediately compare the shape of the letter in the book and in the typed text. The Thesaurus Linguae Graecae (TLG) uses Beta Code even though they have heard of Unicode 5.1, so they might have reasons? The main reason seems to be backwards compatibility, however. Is that an argument for us? (Even if the Chinese typists use Beta Code, our xml files will use Unicode.) By the way, the TLG's 2004 revision of Beta Code includes many unusual characters such as idiosyncratic abbreviations of ειναι (symbol \#1515), but no ligatures apart from ae etc.
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
444
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
445 \begin{type}\small
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
446 \begin{tabular}{l}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
447 Pa/pp<ou> t<ou=> Alecan<dr>e/ws2 S<un>a<gw><gh=>s2 \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
448 e(b<do><mo>n. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
449 Pe<ri>e/x<ei> de\textbackslash lh/mma<ta> t<ou=> a)naluo<me/n>ou <to/><po>u. \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
450 O kal<ou/><men>os2 a)naluo/<men>os2, Ermo/dwre te/knon, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
451 ka<ta\textbackslash> s1u/<ll>h<yi>n i)<di/>a <ti/>s2 e)<s1ti>n u(lh <pa>re<s1k><eu>as<me/n>h, \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
452 <meta\textbackslash> <thn\textbackslash> <tw=n> <ko>inw=n <s1to>ix<ei/>wn <po>i/h<s1i>n, <to>i=s1 b<ou>lome/nois1 \\
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
453 \end{tabular}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
454 \end{type}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
455
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
456
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
457
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
458 Rule for vertical accents as in (τί)ς?
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
459
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
460
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
461 \section{Book-specific Specifications}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
462
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
463 \subsection{A Scheme for Book-specific Specifications}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
464
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
465 \subsection{An Example}
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Wolfgang Schmidle <wschmidle@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de>
parents:
diff changeset
466