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| author | Klaus Thoden <kthoden@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 29 Nov 2017 16:55:37 +0100 |
| parents | 22d6a63640c6 |
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<?xml version="1.0"?> <archimedes xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" > <info> <author>Fabri, Honoré</author> <title>Dialogi physici in quibus de motu terrae disputatur</title> <date>1665</date> <place>Lyon</place> <translator></translator> <lang>la</lang> <cvs_file>fabri_dialo_025_la_1665.xml</cvs_file> <cvs_version></cvs_version> <locator>025.xml</locator> </info> <text> <front> </front> <body> <chap> <pb xlink:href="025/01/001.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000001"><emph type="center"></emph>DIALOGI <lb></lb>PHYSICI, <lb></lb>IN QVIBVS <lb></lb>De Motu Terræ Diſputatur, <lb></lb>MARINI ÆSTVS NOVA <lb></lb>cauſa proponitur,<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000002"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Nec non aquarum & Mercurij ſupra. </s> <s id="s.000003">libellam elevatio examinatur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000004"><emph type="center"></emph>AD EMINENTISSIMVM <lb></lb>CARDINALEM FACCHINETTVM.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000005"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Auctore<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> R. P. HONORATO FABRI. <emph type="italics"></emph>Societatis<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> IESU.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.001.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/001/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000006"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>LVGDVNI,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Sumptibus CHRISTOPHORI FOVRMY, <lb></lb>in vico Mercatorio, ſub ſigno Occaſionis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000007"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>M. DC. LXV. <emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>CVM PERMISSV SVPERIORVM.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/002.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000008"><emph type="center"></emph>IRREGULAR <lb></lb>PAGINATION<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/003.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.003.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/003/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000009"><emph type="center"></emph>LECTORI.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000010"><emph type="italics"></emph>REM iſtam, provt geſta eſt fideli narratione tibi <lb></lb>expono, Candidiſſime Lector, elapſo proxime Iu<lb></lb>nio ab Eminentiſſime<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> CARDINALI FACCHI<lb></lb>NETTO, <emph type="italics"></emph>ſub cujus auſpiciis, hoc ipſum, quod <lb></lb>in manibus habes, opuſculum in lucem prodire volui, pro <lb></lb>ſumma illa, qua pollet humanitate, ad prandium invitatus <lb></lb>ſum, vt deinde pomeridianis horis, cum eruditiſſimis homini<lb></lb>bus, de nonnullis experimentis Phyſicis diſſertationem inſti<lb></lb>tuerem, cui Eminentiſſimus pro eo, quo eſt in rem literariam <lb></lb>affectu, intereſſet. </s> <s id="s.000011">Aliquid fortè de me inaudierat, & vt <lb></lb>amici nunquam ferè de amico niſi hyperbolicè, illud, quod <lb></lb>in me ſentio, vel nullum, vel admodum tenue ingenium, <lb></lb>plus æquo efferre dignati ſuerant: parvi tamen, & hora <lb></lb>condicta adfui, quamvis alioquin tenuitatis meæ conſcius, vt <lb></lb>morem Eminentiſſimo gererem; præſertim; cùm opera pre<lb></lb>tium foret, Eminentiſſimum ab ea, quam per amicorum hy<lb></lb>perbolem, de me conceperat, opinione dimovere; quod mihi <lb></lb>ſanè pro votis ſucceſſiſſe facilè crediderim, vbi me Emi<lb></lb>nentiſſimus vix balbutientem audivit. </s> <s id="s.000012">Vt vt ſit, de va<lb></lb>riis à nobis actum eſt; ſed præſertim de motu Terræ, Maris <lb></lb>æſtu Aquarum & Mercurij in tubis erectis elevatione, aliiſ<lb></lb>que huc pertinentibus. </s> <s id="s.000013">Cum autem is, quem ſub Auguſtini no<lb></lb>mine in ſcenam induxi, à me poſt aliquot menſes, efflagitaſſet,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb xlink:href="025/01/004.jpg"></pb><emph type="italics"></emph>vt ea, quæ nuda voce prolata à me acceperat, ſcripto tradi<lb></lb>ta ipſi conſignarem, ſatius fore putavi, ſi publicam in lucem <lb></lb>Typis mandata prodirent; cùm ſæpè accidat, vt ex amanuen<lb></lb>ſium incuria, multi næ vi ac fœdi errores in exſcripta irre<lb></lb>pant. </s> <s id="s.000014">Cæterùm more Platonico & Tulliano Dialogi formam <lb></lb>adhibui, tum quia magis expedita eſt, tum quia hoc ferè mo<lb></lb>do res ipſa <expan abbr="perac">peracta</expan><gap></gap> fuit illam autem ſententiam meam eſſe <lb></lb>facile intelliges, quam ſub nomine Antimi vel doceo, vel <lb></lb>approb<gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.000015">Si hæc pauca tibi arriſerint, dulciſſime Lector, dabo <lb></lb>operam, vt alia quàm plurima iis ſuccedant; admiſcui pau<lb></lb>ca Geometrica, non data opera ſed ferè coastus, vt ſaltem <lb></lb>inde videas, quantum Geometria, non modò vtilis, verùm <lb></lb>etiam neceſſaria ſit, ad res Phyſicas pro dignitate pertractan<lb></lb>das. </s> <s id="s.000016">Vale.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <pb pagenum="1" xlink:href="025/01/005.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.005.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/005/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000017"><emph type="center"></emph>DIALOGVS PRIMVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000018"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>In quo argumenta pro adſtruenda Copernici <lb></lb>hypotheſi adducta, reijciuntur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000019">ILLA dies aibo ſignata lapillo, qua me immerentem <lb></lb>ſanè, lauto ſimul & literatio convivio excepiſti, <lb></lb>CARDINALIS EMINENTISSIME, Nunquam mihi <lb></lb>venit in mentem, niſi & ſingularis humanitatis tuæ, qua <lb></lb>tibi omnium animos arctiſſimè devinxiſti, & doctiſſimo<lb></lb>rum illorum hominum, qui congreſſui noſtro interfue<lb></lb>runt, jucundiſſima recordatio ſuaviſſimo voluptatis ſen<lb></lb>ſu animum meum perfundat : ita enim confabulando amœnus, promptus <lb></lb>arguendo, ſolvendo ſubtilis, explicando elegans & limpidus omnibus no<lb></lb>bis viſus es, vt conjuncta eloquentiæ ſapientia, ad fundenda oracula, tua <lb></lb>voce, tuis verbis vti videretur. </s> <s id="s.000020">Vt autem perpetuum doctiſſimi congreſſus <lb></lb>monumentum extet, cuius ego aliqua pars, licet exigua fui, literis illum & <lb></lb>typis conſignatum ad poſteritatem tranſmittere conſtitui; vt ſaltem in<lb></lb>telligant homines, Eminentiſſimum Principem non politicis modò & gra<lb></lb>vioribus ſtudiis, verùm etiam amœnioribus literis plurimùm delectatum <lb></lb>fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.000021">Sed in ſcenam perſonatos Actores induco, quos in arena literaria <lb></lb>diſceptantes audire priùs voluiſti: ſingulos facilè agnoſces, quamvis enim, <lb></lb>vt fieri ſolet, nomina tantulùm mutata fuerint, eos tamen, in quos ſingula <lb></lb>optimè quadrant, nullo negotio perſpicies Sed ad rem venio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000022"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Eſt, quod mihi ſummoperè gratuler, doctiſſime Auguſtine, <lb></lb>quod jamdudum à me deſideratam, hodierna die, abundè, vt ſpero, tui <lb></lb>copiam mihi facturus ſis; mirum enim, quanto eruditæ conſuetudinis <lb></lb>ſtudio tenerime ſentiam, quæ gratiſſimos, diſcendi nova, & aſſequendi <lb></lb>hactenus incomperta, igniculos in me accendit, & quadam, vt ſic loquar, <lb></lb>vellicatione. </s> <s id="s.000023">Ingenium ſtimulat, ad ea nonnunquam expromenda, quæ lon<lb></lb>ga meditatione, & repetita cogitationum huc illuc verſatione, vix vnquam <lb></lb>elici potuiſſent. </s> <s id="s.000024">A te igitur illa audire percupio, quæ & ſitim meam ex<lb></lb>tinguant, & opinionem de te meam, quamvis alioquin maximam longè <lb></lb>ſuperent & poſt ſe relinquant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000025"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000026"> Hoc ipſum tibi à me dictum eſſe puta; huc venis, Antimo, <lb></lb>vt doceas, non verò vt diſcas; & ſi fortè identidem à me aliquid oppo-<pb pagenum="2" xlink:href="025/01/006.jpg"></pb>nendum ſit, eo dumtaxat fine hoc à me fiet, ad vberiorem explicationis <lb></lb>lucem extorquendam. </s> <s id="s.000027">Eminentiſſimus Princeps, eo animo te invitavit, <lb></lb>vt cùm de te multa à nobis inaudiiſſet, de rebus Philoſophicis diſſerentem <lb></lb>audiret; & non modico huiuſce rei deſiderio teneri ſe, nobis ſemel atque <lb></lb>iterum ſignificavit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000028"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000029"> Quid tandem à me expromi queat, quod Eminentiſſimi auri<lb></lb>bus dignum ſit, profectò non liquet; quicquid enim, etiam cum aliquo <lb></lb>mentis niſu excogito, nugas inter & quiſquilias mihi ſemper huc vſque <lb></lb>reponendum eſſe viſum eſt, quaſi verò mea pluris faciam, quàm me? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000030"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000031"> Dic, vt voles, illud ſaltem conſtat, quidquid vel ex tuis lu<lb></lb>cubrationibus, vel ex tuo diſſerentis ore accepi, mihi ſummoperè pla<lb></lb>cuiſſe: vnum tamen eſt, ne quid diſſimulem, quod in te aliqui deſide<lb></lb>raſſent, ne ſcilicet tanto adversùs Copernicanam hypotheſim odio flagra<lb></lb>res, in quo nonnullis paululùm excedere mihi viſus es; poteras haud du<lb></lb>biè oppoſitam ſequi, quam & ego demiſſa fronte oſculor, cum iis præſer<lb></lb>tim, qui Eccleſiaſticam vitam amplexi, Pontificiis ſtare debent decretis, <lb></lb>quibus in Galileum eiuſdem ſententiæ egregium & nunquam ſatis lauda<lb></lb>tum propugnatorem animadverſum eſt; ſed non erat, quod tam alienum <lb></lb>animum oſtentares. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000032"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000033"> Vix me teneo, Auguſtine, dum hæc à te audio, præter omnem <lb></lb>expectationem meam: odium vocas contrarium ſenſum, abſque vllo im<lb></lb>moderato affectu, in iis præſertim, in quibus opinari, cuique liberum <lb></lb>eſt. </s> <s id="s.000034">Nullo, crede mihi, odio, nullo contentionis ſtudio ducor; ſed cùm <lb></lb>quædam in hypotheſi Copernicana diſpliceant, quæ in oppoſita nullum <lb></lb>mihi negotium faceſſunt, facere non potui, quia hanc illi anteponerem; <lb></lb>nunquam tamen inficias iturus, præclarum inventum eſſe; Copernicum <lb></lb>Aſtronomorum ſui temporis principem jure cenſeri, eumque Galileum <lb></lb>fuiſſe, qui nulli, quod ſciam, impar ingenio æſtimandus ſit, quique eo no<lb></lb>mine vel maximam gloriam ſibi comparavit, quod argumenta, quibus <lb></lb>præfata hypotheſis impugnabatur, ita diluerit, vt maximo inde plauſu re<lb></lb>lato, iiſdem illam potiùs confirmaſſe videatur, cùm vero certum ſit, nec <lb></lb>ipſe Galileus hoc inficietur, nullam demonſtrationem hucuſque excogi<lb></lb>tatam fuiſſe, qua hypotheſis Copernicana probetur, ab antiqua illa, quæ <lb></lb>terram in mundi centro immobilem adſtruit, diſcedendum eſſe non puta<lb></lb>vi; præſertim cùm hæc novis argumentis, ſi non demonſtrari, plurimùm <lb></lb>ſaltem confirmari poſſit, quibus, vt liberè dicam, quod ſentio, mihi valdè <lb></lb>perſuaſum eſt, hanc multis nominibus alteri eſſe anteponendam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000035"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000036"> Doctiſſimis illis, tui certè amantibus, & quos ſingulari etiam <lb></lb>cultu perſequeris, haud modicum riſum moveres, ſi hæc fortè à te audi<lb></lb>rent, nec vllum mihi dubium eſt, quin per jocum, vel ironiam hæc à te <lb></lb>dici putarent, vtpote qui apprimè ſcias, Copernicanam hypotheſim iis <lb></lb>rationum momentis inſtructam eſſe, quæ vt demonſtrationem Geometri<lb></lb>cam minimè adæquant, quod certè vltrò damus, ita proximè ad eam acce<lb></lb>dunt, atque adeò communi Doctorum omnium conſenſu longè aliâ pro<lb></lb>babiliorem jure cenſeri. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="3" xlink:href="025/01/007.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000037"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000038"> Hebetiori, quæſo, ingenio ignoſce, optime Auguſtine, quod <lb></lb>energiam illam rationum, quæ pro Copernico militant, nondum aſſequi <lb></lb>potuit; nec mirum profectò, lippos enim oculos ſubtilia fallunt, ac ſeſe <lb></lb>iis ſubducunt; quate vt ſum inprimis veritatis amans, me tibi plurimùm <lb></lb>obſtrinxeris, ſi præfatas rationes ea mihi claritudine exponas, quâ, vt mi<lb></lb>rificè vales, ita & mihi opus eſſe fateor, ad debiliores mentis oculos re<lb></lb>creandos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000039"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000040"> Non legiſti apud Galileum, ita limpidè ac perſpicuè explica<lb></lb>tas, vt nihil meo judicio, clarius aut liquidius legi poſſit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000041"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000042"> Legi haud dubiè; Vt enim Authorem illum maximi facio, ita <lb></lb>nihil ab eo in publicam lucem editum fuit, quod ſtatim avidè ſæpè ac ſæ<lb></lb>piùs non legerim; hoc tamen tibi perſuadeas, velim, prædictas rationes, <lb></lb>quamvis alioquin elegantiſſimè ab eo explicatas, illa vi & nervo, vt dicis, <lb></lb>pollere mihi non videri, ſingulas accuratè perpendi & ponderavi, nec op<lb></lb>poſitæ ſententiæ ſtudium obfuit; nam crede mihi; vnius dumtaxat veri<lb></lb>tatis amore ducor, quam ſive Copernicus porrigat, ſive Ptolemæus, ſive <lb></lb>Ariſtoteles, ſive Democritus; illa æquè grata & chara mihi ſemper accidit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000043">Sed quæſo te, periculum faciamus, vt ſaltem dum noſtri venerint, hoc mo<lb></lb>dicum tempus cum æſtu fallamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000044"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000045"> Per me licet; ſed curſim, iis tamen prætermiſſis, quæ inter <lb></lb>Academicos quidem, non tamen inter Philoſophos locum obtinent, quas <lb></lb>potiùs rationum vmbras, quàm veras rationes appellare ſoleo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000046"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000047"> Optimè judicas, quid enim juvat, tanti rem momenti leviſſimis <lb></lb>fulcire adminiculis: Nonnulla obiter indico. </s> <s id="s.000048">Sol, inquiunt, tes inter cor<lb></lb>poreas nobiliſſimus, in nobiliſſimo loco, ſcilicet in mundi centro, collo<lb></lb>cari debuit; quaſi verò infimus locus ſupremo nobilior reputandus ſit, & <lb></lb>tenebroſus orcus radianti præferendus Empyreo: ſed pergunt, quiſquis <lb></lb>alterius operâ indiget, ad illum accedere debet, neque hunc, ſed illum <lb></lb>moveri par eſt; cùm igitur reliqua corpora benigno Solis influxu indi<lb></lb>geant, hunc certè immotum conſiſtere, illa verò circa perennem illum <lb></lb>beneficæ naturæ fontem ite oportuit. </s> <s id="s.000049">Bellè profectò; Solem rerum crea<lb></lb>tarum Principem faciunt, qui tamen omnibus ſervit, & non modò ani<lb></lb>mantibus, verùm etiam plantis dignitate cedit; Æquum igitur eſt, vt circa <lb></lb>terram eat, cuius gratia conditus eſt, non verò vt tellus eiuſque incolæ <lb></lb>circa Solem ite cogantur. </s> <s id="s.000050">Denique ex culina ipſa nova depromunt argu<lb></lb>menta; Videmus, inquiunt, <expan abbr="verũ">verum</expan> ad immotum ignem in gyros verti, quod <lb></lb>certè rationi conſentaneum eſſe videtur; quidni ergo pariter terreſtris <lb></lb>globus, qui calore Solis foveri & recreari debet, circa Solem, non Sol cir<lb></lb>ca terram volvatur? </s> <s id="s.000051">Hoc argumentum culinam olet, vnde profectum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000052"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000053"> Sed hæc omittamus, quæ noſtri per jocum potiùs, quàm ſeriò <lb></lb>dixerunt; ad ſeria igitur & gravia, quæ nobis non deſunt, veniendum eſt: <lb></lb>illud inprimis maximi ponderis eſſe videtur, quod in hypotheſi noſtra <lb></lb>(ſic eam diſputan di gratia deinceps appellabo) per ſimpliciſſimum eum<lb></lb>que proprium motum omnia explicemus, ablegatis alienis motibus, <lb></lb>illoque præſertim, quem raptus vocant, primi ſcilicet mobilis, quo ab Ortu <pb pagenum="4" xlink:href="025/01/008.jpg"></pb>ad Occaſum inferiores ſphæræ tanta velocitate ferri dicuntur, vt ſtella <lb></lb>fixa ſub Æquatore, vnico temporis minuto leucarum miriadas conficiat, <lb></lb>quod certè non fidem modo, verùm etiam cogitationem ipſam ſuperat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000054">Hunc porrò motum ablegamus, & ſimplici ac diurna telluris globi circa <lb></lb>ſuum centrum turbinatione, ſeu revolutione præfatum motum ſup<lb></lb>plemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000055"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000056"> Ab hoc vltimo incipio; quia nonnulli multam vim in eo fa<lb></lb>ciunt; cum tamen me parum, aut nihil proſus afficiat; nempe diverſas <lb></lb>motuum velocitates per comparationem quamdam optimè intelligimus; <lb></lb>Sit enim quodlibet terræ punctum in æquatore, ſuppoſita veſtra hypo<lb></lb>theſi, illud, vt probè noſti, in turbinatione præfati globi, præſcindendo <lb></lb>a motu centri, ita movetur, aſſumpto ſcilicet, quodam medio motu, vt vo<lb></lb>cant, vt ſingulis horis 900. circiter miliaria Italica conficiat, 15.verò ſin<lb></lb>gulis minutis primis, vno denique ſecundo minuto, 250. paſſus geome<lb></lb>tricos, hoc eſt 1250. pedes; vt autem comparationem inſtituam, conſide<lb></lb>ro motum glandis plumbeæ ex maiore catapulta exploſæ, quæ vno ſecun<lb></lb>do minuto 1000. pedes circiter conficit; vnde vides punctum illud paulò <lb></lb>dumtaxat velociùs moveri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000057"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000058"> Suſtine tantiſper; neſcio quid intelligas per illum medium <lb></lb>motum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000059"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000060"> Intelligo motum æquabilem, ita vt ſingulis horis punctum <lb></lb>illud æquale ſpatium decurrere cenſeatur, cùm tamen ſecus ac<lb></lb>cidat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000061"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000062"> Non capio, exiſtimo enim rem ita eſſè, & æqualibus tempo<lb></lb>ribus, æqualia ſpatia decurri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000063"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000064"> Ita ſanè nobis apparet, id tamen haud dubiè per errorem; <lb></lb>nempe punctum illud motu quodam mixto movetur, ex motibus orbis <lb></lb>& centri, ſic enim vocare ſoles; Vnde fit, vt pro diverſo ad ſolem aſpectu, <lb></lb>modò tardiùs, modò velociùs moveatur; quia motus orbis ab hora ſexta <lb></lb>veſpertina ad ſextam oppoſitam matutinam additur motui centri, ab hac <lb></lb>verò ad illam detrahitur; ac proinde punctum illud in meridie collocatum <lb></lb>tardiſſimè in aſpectu oppoſito, ſcilicet, mediænoctis, velociſſimè movetur <lb></lb>quod vt ad rudiores calculos reducam, ſuppono, exempligratia, diametrum <lb></lb>magni orbis, quem Sol ſecundùm meam, & terra ſecundùm veſtram hypo<lb></lb>theſim decurrit, continere diametros terræ 2000. hoc poſito, motu centri, <lb></lb>vno ſecundo minuto, decurruntur pedes circiter 6942. & motu orbis pe<lb></lb>des 1250. adde vnum alteri, venient pedes 8192.hoc eſt ſpatium, quod di<lb></lb>ctum punctum decurritin media nocte, tempore vnius ſecundi minuti <lb></lb>detrahe verò, erunt pedes 5692. hoc eſt, ſpatium, quod eodem tempore, <lb></lb>decurrit in meridie; Vides inæqualitatem. </s> <s id="s.000065">Semoto igitur illo inæquali <lb></lb>motu, ex motibus orbis & centri reſultante, æqualem tantummodò conſi<lb></lb>dero motum orbis, quo punctum terreſtris globi in Æquatore, ſingulis mi<lb></lb>nutis ſecundis, pedes circiter 1250.decurrit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000066"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000067"> Quid tum? </s> <s id="s.000068">Non video, quid tibi velis, ad infirmandum <lb></lb>illud argumentum, quod ab incredibili velocitate motus raptus, ſeu <pb pagenum="5" xlink:href="025/01/009.jpg"></pb>primi mobilis contra veſtram hypotheſim ducitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000069"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000070"> Jam iam videbis. </s> <s id="s.000071">Suppone terreſtem globum in mundi centro, <lb></lb>eo motu orbis torqueri, de quo ſupra; ſuppone radium à centro terræ <lb></lb>in Æquatoris plano ductum indefinitè, vt aiunt, id eſt, ad quamcumque <lb></lb>longitudinem productum, eatque per centra Lunæ, Solis, lovis, Satur<lb></lb>ni, & cuiuſpiam ſtellæ fixæ, ac ſimul totus radius, eo, quo dixi orbis mo<lb></lb>tu, moveatur circa immobile centrum; certè poſito quod Luna diſtet a <lb></lb>terra 50. ſemidiametris terreſtris globi, velocitas motus Lunæ ad veloci<lb></lb>tatem puncti Æquatoris in quo dictus radius terræ ſuperficiem ſecat eſt <lb></lb>in ratione <gap></gap> & ad velocitatem motus Solis, poſito quod Sol diſtet à <lb></lb>centro terræ 2000. ſemidiametris eſt in ratione 1/14 Solis verò motus ad <lb></lb>Iovis motum, erit in rationne 1/<gap></gap> & ad motum Saturni in ratione 1/<gap></gap> de<lb></lb>nique ad ſtellæ fixæ motum in ratione, ſtatue, vt voles, an fortè 1/<gap></gap> ita <lb></lb>vt fixarum diſtantia à mundi centro ſit dupla diſtantia Saturnij, tibi non <lb></lb>ſufficit? </s> <s id="s.000072">Ponamus 1/<gap></gap> ita vt ſit quintupla, aut majorem adhuc, ſi voles; <lb></lb>an verò cogitationem omnem ſuperat, vnum motum eſſe ad alium in ra<lb></lb>tione quater decupla, immò centupla & millecupla? </s> <s id="s.000073">Crede mihi, hi ſunt <lb></lb>effectus imaginationis in fraudem inductæ; Vbi enim ſemel ſtatuitur vnus <lb></lb>motus, & huius cum aliis comparatio, huiuſmodi terricula illicò eva<lb></lb>neſcunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000074"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000075"> Rem probè intelligo; & ſanè miror, nonnullos in hoc argu<lb></lb>mento tantam vim & energiam agnoviſſe, vt præ cæteris ad illam hypo<lb></lb>theſim confirmandam adhibendum eſſe putarint: non erat etiam <lb></lb>quod aliqui antiqui ſyſtematis aſſertores, & acerrimini propugnato<lb></lb>res ad divinam potentiam confugerent, licèt illa in tanta motuum <lb></lb>velocitate mirificè ſplendeſcere nec non ſuas partes agere vi<lb></lb>deatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000076"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000077"> Rectè mones, Auguſtine, huc divina potentia accerſenda <lb></lb>non eſt, cùm ex mera motus naturalis acceleratione, hæc eadem perſpicua <lb></lb>eſſe conſtet; ſic enim v. g. motus glandis ex catapulta exploſæ, vt dictum <lb></lb>eſt ſupra, quo ſcilicet vno ſecundo minuto, glans pedes circiter 1000. <lb></lb>decurrit, æquabilis eſſe ſupponitur; iam verò ſi eadem catapulta ſursùm <lb></lb>rectà explodatur, de 500.dumtaxat pedes motu retardato glans perveniet, <lb></lb>& in deſcenſu eundem velocitatis gradum motu accelerato acquiret; <lb></lb>cùm igitur quælibet altitudo aſſumi queat ad libitum, ex qua corpus <lb></lb>grave deſcendat motu accelerato, quilibet etiam velocitatis gradus ob<lb></lb>tineri poteſt; quo dato tempore, datum quodlibet ſpatium, motu æqua<lb></lb>bili decurratur, igitur prædicta motuum velocitas inter præcipua divi<lb></lb>næ potentiæ miracula minimè reponenda eſſe videtur; quamquam, ne<lb></lb>que hîc deeſt, vnde divinam potentiam homines laudent, cùm id in ſa<lb></lb>cris literis nobis innuatur, laudet que Pſalmiſta Dominum, ex perniciſſi<lb></lb>mo Solis motu, nec eſt, quod Heterodoxi, qui ſacræ Scripturæ ita ſe ad<lb></lb>hærere patant, a literali eiuſdem ſenſu, vnius Copernici gratia diſcedant, <lb></lb>eaſque laudes ex eo capite ſupremo cœlorum Conditori atque motori <lb></lb>Deo, gratis, vt aiunt, recuſent. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="6" xlink:href="025/01/010.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000078"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000079"> Benè eſt, in hoc vterque convenimus, ſecùs fortè in alio <lb></lb>puncto, à me propoſito, quod à facilitate & ſimplicitate ſyſthematis peti<lb></lb>tur; vno enim, vel altero terreſtis globi motu noſtra hypotheſis conſtat, <lb></lb>cùm tamen veſtra motus ita multiplicet, etiam ſibi invicem contrarios, vt <lb></lb>res illa, vel omnino impoſſibilis, vel ſaltem maximè difficilis eſſe videa<lb></lb>tur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000080"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000081"> Primo ſanè aſpectu, rem iſtam minùs ſedulò conſideranti, ita <lb></lb>eſſe videtur; ſi tamen penitiùs illam inſpiciamus; primum errorem faci<lb></lb>lè caſtigabimus: & verò vt in vno Solis ſyſtemate periculum facia<lb></lb>mus, quotuplice motus opus eſſe putas ad ſalvanda omnia phæno<lb></lb>mena? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000082"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000083"> Duo motus, ni fallor, omnia ſalvant, orbis ſcilicet & centri, <lb></lb>terreſtris globi, quieſcente Sole in mundi centro. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000084"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000085"> Tibi omnino impoſitum fuit, vel vt verius puto, tibi excidit, <lb></lb>Primò enim, motu <expan abbr="cẽtri">centri</expan> opus eſt; annuo, ſcilicet in Ecliptica, iuxta ſeriem <lb></lb>ſignorum, nec quiſquam hoc negat: Secundò, motu orbis diurno, quo <lb></lb>terra ita rotatur, vt pars ſuperior globi tendat in ortum; hîc autem mo<lb></lb>tus fit circa axem mundi, vel plani Æquatoris. </s> <s id="s.000086">Tertius motus neceſſa<lb></lb>rius eſt, annuus ſcilicet, quo terra ita ſemel voluitur circa Axem Eclipticæ, <lb></lb>vt pars inferior, quæ Solem ſpectat, tendát in ortum; hoc enim motu obti<lb></lb>netur, vt Axis Æquatoris ſibi ipſi ſemper maneat parallelus; aliquis fortè <lb></lb>per incogitantiam quartum motum etiam adhiberet, quo ſcilicet Axis <lb></lb>Æquatoris vtrimque deſcribit circulos polares, circa polos Eclipticæ, ſed <lb></lb>hic motus à tertio diverſus non eſt, vt conſideranti patebit, & licèt aliqui <lb></lb>etiam ex iis, qui terram mobilem adſtruunt, hunc diverſum motum ſta<lb></lb>tuant, ego tamen, vt ſincerè tecum ago, diverſum à motu orbis annuo mi<lb></lb>nimè ſtatuo. </s> <s id="s.000087">Addo denique quartum motum Solis, circa proprium cen<lb></lb>trum, axemque immobilem, & inclinatum ad planum Eclipticæ, ſine quo <lb></lb>macularum motus 27. circiter dierum explicari nequit: hunc etiam ne<lb></lb>mo veſtrum inficiatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000088"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000089"> Cuncta hæc etſi vltro damus, nihil tamen obſtat, quin adhuc <lb></lb>ſyſtema noſtrum ſimplicius eſſe dicamus, & ex paucioribus motibus, <lb></lb>quàm veſtrum componi. </s> <s id="s.000090">Veſtrum enim, ſi rectè memini, in vno Solo 7. <lb></lb>vel 8. motus poſtulat. </s> <s id="s.000091">Primus eſt motus raptus, ſeu primi Mobilis ab or<lb></lb>tu ad occaſum, ſcilicet diurnus: ſecundus, motus in Ecliptica annuus; <lb></lb>tertius, motus Solis circa proprium axem inclinatum, ferè menſtruus: <lb></lb>quartus motus ejuſdem circa axem erectum ad planum Eclipticæ, an<lb></lb>nuus: quintus motus prioris axis inclinati, deſcribentis vtrinque circellos <lb></lb>circa Solarem axem erectum ad planum Eclipticæ, item annuus: ſextus, <lb></lb>motus Apogæi Solis iuxta ſeriem ſignorum: ſeptimus motus præceſſio<lb></lb>nis Æquinoctiorum; octavus motus obliquitatis Zodiaci, vt vocant: etſi <lb></lb>fortè mutetur excentricitas, de quo nonnulli dubitarunt: nonus motus <lb></lb>adjiciendus eſſet; vides, quantam motuum farraginem ſyſtema veſtrum <lb></lb>poſtulet: quorum aliqui, cùm ſint oppoſiti, vt annuus & menſtruus ſolaris <lb></lb>globi, quantumvis circa diverſos axes, nec aliunde in ſolarem ſphæram <pb pagenum="7" xlink:href="025/01/011.jpg"></pb>traducantur, ſed vterque per ſe, vt aiunt, Soli competat, inde ſortè <lb></lb>iure cuipiam impoſſibiles videbuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000092"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Ita luditis ſimpliciorum animos maioris ſimplicitatis obtentu; <lb></lb>& dubito, an ſeriò, an verò per iocum hæc dicas; tu quoque imponere <lb></lb>mihi cogitabas; Apage igitur prefatam motuum farraginem; ego enim <lb></lb>vnum dumtaxat, cumque ſimpliciſſimum motum admitto in ſolari ſyſte<lb></lb>mate, quod neſcio, an mirum tibi accidat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000093"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſlin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000094"> Mirum prorſus, immò falſum, neque id, opinor mihi vn<lb></lb>quam perſuadebis; cum perſpicuum ſit (neque veſtri hoc negant) ad Sal<lb></lb>vanda cuncta phænomena, prædictos omnes motus, ſi fortè vltimum ex<lb></lb>cipias, quem non ita omnes aſſeveranter adſtruunt, neceſſarios eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000095"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000096"> Ne quæſo dubites, vbi rem a me intellexeris, tibi fortè per<lb></lb>ſuaderi ſines; ea quippe dicam quæ, ni fallor, luce meridiana clariora ſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000097">Sol vno Eodemque motu ſimpliciſſimo movetur ab ortu ad occaſum, ſub <lb></lb>Ecliptica <expan abbr="sẽper">semper</expan> mobili, circa axem mundi cum duplici inclinatione, <expan abbr="ſursũ">ſursum</expan>, <lb></lb>deorſum, ſiniſtroſum; & rotatione, ſeu turbinatione, circa axem æquè in<lb></lb>clinatum ad planum Eclipticæ, ac ſibi ſemper parallelum. </s> <s id="s.000098">En tibi mo<lb></lb>tum ſimplicidimum, quo ſuppoſito, cuncta facile ac planè explicantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000099"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000100"> Non intelligo; immò hæc mihi abſurda & repugnantia eſſe <lb></lb>videntur; nec capere poſſum, quî fiat vt omnia facile & plané hoc modò <lb></lb>explicentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000101"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000102"> Cuncta ſeorſim explico, Cogita, ſi vis, Solem à puncto Æqui<lb></lb>noctij verni ab ortu ad occaſum ita ferri, vt poſt 24. horarum motum, <lb></lb>orbem ſuum nondum abſolverit, ſuperſitque vnus ferè gradus, paulò <lb></lb>minùs; finge tantula ſimul Solem inclinatione ire versùs Boream, & <lb></lb>ſigna vtriuſque loci in cœlo veſtigia, atque ita deinceps moveri Solem <lb></lb>puta, ſignatis ſingulorum locorum veſtigiis; vbi verò Sol ad Tropicum <lb></lb>Cancri pervenerit, ſuppone quaſi repercuſſum versùs Auſtrum eodem <lb></lb>modo deflectere, multiplicatis revolutionibus, donec ad Tropicum Ca<lb></lb>pricorni perveniat, a quo eodem modo versùs Boream deflectat donec <lb></lb>tandem ad Æquatorem denuò redeat; per ſignata veſtigia ſi ducas circu<lb></lb>lum,, erit Ecliptica, quam circa mundi Axem finges moveri, & ab eius <lb></lb>polis circulos polares deſcribi; ita autem ſol attemperat reciprocam il<lb></lb>lam inclinationem, ſeu declinationem versùs Auſtrum & Boream, vt <lb></lb>nunquam à prædicto Eclipticæ circulo diſcedat, quod quomodò obtineat, <lb></lb>paulò poſt dicam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000103"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000104"> Sed iſti ſunt duo motus, alter cuiuſdam quaſi librationis, al<lb></lb>ter circularis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000105"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000106"> Vnicus eſt motus, auguſtine, ſed per modum ſpiræ; quis enim <lb></lb>negat turbinem proiectum ſimplici motu moveri, id eſt, eodem impetu <lb></lb>ad talem lineam determinato; nempe hoc ſuppono cerrum, ex alibi firma<lb></lb>ta motuum doctrina, eundem impetum ad diverſas lineas determinati poſ<lb></lb>ſe, ſic pila repercuſſa ſimplici motu movetur, licet linea motus per quam <lb></lb>feretur, duplicem determinationem ſupponat ſcilicet à linea motus <lb></lb>directi, & à plano reflectente; Non eſt igitur dubium, quin prædictus <pb pagenum="8" xlink:href="025/01/012.jpg"></pb>Solis motus ſimpliciſſimus ſit. </s> <s id="s.000107">Pati modo cogita Solem ſimul inclinari <lb></lb>ab Apogeo ad Perigeum, & viciſſim, hæc ſecunda determinatio, vel in<lb></lb>clinatio ſimplici motui non obeſt, vt patet: In hoc porrò motu, Ecliptica <lb></lb>etiam moueri fingitur circa Axem mundi, ac proinde Eclipticæ ſectio in <lb></lb>Solari globo eadem ſemper eſt; denique, finge, Solem circa ſuum cen<lb></lb>trum ita revolvi 27. circiter dierum ſpatio, ab ortu in occaſum, ratione il<lb></lb>lius hemiſphærij, quod ad terram ſpectat, vt axis, circa quem voluitur, in<lb></lb>clinatus ſit ad Eclipticæ planum, & ſibi ſemper parallelus; quod ſanè ſim<lb></lb>plicitatem motus non deſtruit; ſic enim ſæpè ac ſæpiùs globos projicimus; <lb></lb>imò hic naturalis eſt globorum motus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000108"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000109"> Duo ſunt motus, ni fallor, orbis, ſcilicet, & centri ſimplex <lb></lb>igitur motus non eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000110"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000111"> Igitur motus naturalis, quo corpus grave, v.g. globus fertur <lb></lb>deorſum non eſt motus ſimplex, ſed mixtus, quod nemo dixerit, cum ſim<lb></lb>pliciſſimus ſit, vtpote ab eodem principio, ſcilicet à gravitate: ſi enim de<lb></lb>mittas globum, primò quidem per planum inclinatum, ex quo inde per li<lb></lb>berum aëra perpendiculariter deſcendat, videbis illicò duos illos motus <lb></lb>quos dicis, centri & orbis; qui tamen reverà duo motus non ſunt, ſed vnus <lb></lb>ab vna eademque gravitate profectus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000112"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000113"> Nonnulli ex veſtris, vt ſalvent paralleliſmum illius axis, cir<lb></lb>ca quem Sol revolvitur, adhibent alium motum revolutionis annuum cir<lb></lb>ca Solis axem, axi Eclipticæ parallelum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000114"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000115"> Ita prorſus. </s> <s id="s.000116">Sed eſt motus fictus, eo fine, vt meliùs res illa in<lb></lb>telligatur: vt enim terra circa axem axi Elipticæ parallelum revolui dici<lb></lb>tur annuo motu, in veſtra hypotheſi ab occaſu ad ortum, ratione hemi<lb></lb>ſphærij ad Solem verſi, vt axem, circa quem fit motus diurnus, ſemper pa<lb></lb>rallelum ſervet, ita prorſus ſolaris globus revolui dicendus eſt annuo mo<lb></lb>tu, ad prædictum phœnomenum Axis paralleli ſalvandum; ſed vtrimque <lb></lb>hic motus fictitius eſt, cùm ſimplex turbinationis motus ſufficiat, circa <lb></lb>Axem inclinatum ad planum Eclipticæ, ſemper ſibi ipſi parallelum. </s> <s id="s.000117">Ana<lb></lb>logiam habes in acu magnetica, quæ cum pixide ſua ita movetur, vt ſine <lb></lb>novo motu, ſibi parallela ſemper maneat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000118"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000119"> Igitur non tres, aut quatuor motus in <expan abbr="nõſtra">noſtra</expan> hypotheſi ſta<lb></lb>tuendi ſunt, vt ſupra dicebas; cum vnus duntaxat, eo quo explicas modo <lb></lb>ſufficiat: cur ergo quatuor neceſſarios eſſe fingis? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000120"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000121"> Iuxta morem veſtrorum, & aliorum locutus ſum, qui prædictos <lb></lb>motus diſtingunt; fateor tamen, in veſtra hypotheſi, duos motus ſuffice<lb></lb>re, alterum turbinationis in terreſtri globo, ſervato, vt dixi, paralleliſmo <lb></lb>Axis; alterum ſimplicis revolutionis in Sole, circa Axem pariter inclina<lb></lb>tum, vt dixi, ad planum Eclipticæ. </s> <s id="s.000122">In noſtra verò vnus duntaxat motus <lb></lb>ſufficit turbinationis, circa axem pariter inclinatum ad planum Eclipticæ, <lb></lb>& ſibi ſemper parallelum, cum gemina illa inclination ereciproca, in Bo<lb></lb>ream, & Auſtrum, & ſurſum atque deorſum; ſic turbo actus, orbes ſuos <lb></lb>ita deſcribit, vt aliquando majores, aliquando minores ſint; quod certè, <lb></lb>vt dixi, ſimplicitati motus turbinationis non obſtat: Ex his autem, vt <pb pagenum="9" xlink:href="025/01/013.jpg"></pb>perſpicuè vides, noſtra hypotheſis ſimplicior cenſenda eſt, ac proinde ex <lb></lb>hoc ſaltem primo capite, veſtræ anteponenda. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000123"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000124"> Omittis duos alios motus, quos adhibent, ſcilicet obli<lb></lb>quitatis Zodiaci, præceſſionis Æquinoctiorum, & fortè mutationem <lb></lb>excentricitatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000125"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000126"> Vobis æquè atque nobis prædicti motus explicandi eſſent; ſed <lb></lb>negotium neutri parti faceſſunt, cùm ſemper eadem maneat Zodiaci <lb></lb>obliquitas, ſemper eadem excentricitas; quod verò ſpectat ad Æquino<lb></lb>ctorium præceſſionem, tu illam explicare potes, adhibito tardiſſimo ſtel<lb></lb>larum motu, ortum versùs, ego verò, ſi dicam, paulò tardiùs ſtellas move<lb></lb>ri ab Ortu ad Occaſum, quàm <expan abbr="primũ">primum</expan> Mobile, ac proinde videri ſemper or<lb></lb>tum versùs recedere à punctis Æquinoctiorum, id eſt à ſectionibus Æqua<lb></lb>toris & Æclipticæ; neque in hoc alia reſtat difficultas, atque adeò, tuum <lb></lb>illud primum argumentum ſolutum manet; iam propone alia, ſi quæ <lb></lb>habes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000127"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000128"> Vt vt ſit, Negari non poteſt, quin noſtra hypotheſis ad <lb></lb>calculos Aſtronomicos magis accommodata ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000129"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimu.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Eſto, demus hoc, quod tamen facilè à me negari poſſet; cum <lb></lb>vtrinque ſimiles ferè calculi adhibendi ſint, ad quem finem, non realibus <lb></lb>& veris, ſed fictitiis orbibus vtimur; omiſſo diurno Solis motu, fingimus <lb></lb>Solem moveri in Ecliptica motu annuo, item Apogæi motum, cum fictitio <lb></lb>circulo, ſeu circello ad calculos reducimus; ſic calculis vtimur ad rationes <lb></lb>dati & accepti firmandas; cuncta igitur hæc ad calculationem adhiben<lb></lb>tur, cùm res perinde ſe habeat. </s> <s id="s.000130">atque ſi ita eſſet. </s> <s id="s.000131">In quo, vt vides, nulla eſt <lb></lb>difficultas. </s> <s id="s.000132">Sed de hoc argumento plura infra, ſi hoc tibi gratum accidat: <lb></lb>iam verò reliqua exprome, ſi quæ habes adversùm nos. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000133"><emph type="italics"></emph>Augiſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000134"> Crede mihi, Antime, abundè ſuppetunt, illudque in <lb></lb>primis, quod in hac mea hypotheſi planetarum paſſiones ea facilitate ex<lb></lb>plicantur. </s> <s id="s.000135">quá neſcio an major ex cogitari poſſit; puta ſtationes, retrogreſ<lb></lb>fiones, accelerationes &c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000136"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000137"> Hic profectò Achilles veſter eſt; ſed non invictus, meo iudi<lb></lb>cio; faveor explicari poſſe alicuius planetæ, puta Saturni, retrogreſſionem <lb></lb>v.g. (figuram tecum non adhibeo, qui res iſtas facilè intelligis) ſi enim ter<lb></lb>ram colloces in eo Eclipticæ gradu, qui ab alio diſtet, in quo eſt Saturnus <lb></lb>vno quadrante integro circuli, Saturnus in eo loco, in quo eſt, non videbi<lb></lb>tur ſed in alio remotiore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000138"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Adhibe quæſo aliquid ſchematis, vt res iſta clariùs à me <lb></lb>intelligatur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="10" xlink:href="025/01/014.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.014.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/014/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000139"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000140"> Schemate opus eſſe non putarem, quia tamen ita iubes, tibi <lb></lb>morem geram. </s> <s id="s.000141">Sit A. centrum vniverſi, ſitque BCDE magnus Orbis, <lb></lb>vt vocant, in quo, primo loco, iuxta tuam hypotheſim, terreſtrem globum <lb></lb>moveri ſuppono; ſit orbita Martis FRPS. </s> <s id="s.000142">Terra moveatur ex C. per B. <lb></lb>in conſequentia, vt vocant, id eſt, iuxta ſeriem Signorum; Item Mars ex F <lb></lb>per R. ſupponatur Mars in F, & terra in B; Supponamus lineam AF pro<lb></lb>ductam ad ſtellas, terminari ad principium Cancri, ac proinde AB. pro<lb></lb>ductam ad initium Libræ; ex puncto B, Mars videbitur per lineam BFL. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000143">Igitur in eo Zodiaci puncto, quod, a principio Cancri versùs Occaſum di<lb></lb>ſtat, toto angulo BFA, vel quod idem eſt, FAM. </s> <s id="s.000144">Item ſi ſtatuamus initio <lb></lb>Terram in D, Martem in S. erit Mars in Perigæo, & in oppoſitione; ſpatio <lb></lb>vorò ſex menſium, circiter, Mars ab S. pervenit ad F, & Terra à D.ad IB; <lb></lb>tunc autem Mars eſt in mediocri diſtantia, & videtur retrogredi à puncto <lb></lb>in, quo non videtur ex B, ſed in quo eſt, ad punctum L, vel K, in quo non eſt, <lb></lb>ſed in quo videtur ex B. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000145">In noſtra communique hypotheſi, hæc æquè facilè explicantur, ſit enim <lb></lb>Terra in Centro A ſit BCDE orbita Solis, ſit FRPS, deferens centrum <lb></lb>Epicych Marris; ſit demum ONCM, Epicyclus Martis, cuius motus, cir-<pb pagenum="11" xlink:href="025/01/015.jpg"></pb>ca proprium centrum, ſit ab O in N, id eſt, in conſequentia, ſecundùm <lb></lb>partem ſuperiorem, nec non eodem cum centro motu; Sit igitur centrum <lb></lb>Epicycli in S. planeta in D, id eſt in Perigæo ; <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan> S feratur in P, erit Plane<lb></lb>ta in M ; igitur ex A videtur in K ; ergo videtur retrogredi: ſupponamus au<lb></lb>tem motum Martis eſſe duorum annorum; in veſtra hypotheſi ; Terra ex <lb></lb>D prefecta, redit in idem punctum D. decurſo orbe, eo tempore, quo <lb></lb>Mars ex S. profectus pervenit in R ; in S autem erat in Perigæo ; in R verò <lb></lb>eſt in Apogæo ; videtur denique Mars retrogradus, quando eſt in S. & <lb></lb>acceleratus quando eſt in R. </s> <s id="s.000146">Pari modo in noſtra hypotheſi, eodem tem<lb></lb>pore, centrum Epicycli ex S pervenit in R, & planeta pervenit in I, & vt <lb></lb>in D eſt Perigæus, ita in T eſt Apogæus, diſtantiis verinque ferè æquali<lb></lb>bus. </s> <s id="s.000147">Mars item in D. eſt retrogradus, in I verò acceleratus. </s> <s id="s.000148">Vtrùm verò <lb></lb>hæc obſervationibus conſentiant, hoc loco minimè diſputo; hoc tantùm <lb></lb>demonſtraſſe contentus, vtrimque fore ſimilia paſſionum phænomena, <lb></lb>accelerationum; ſcilicet, ſtationum, repreſſionum &c. </s> <s id="s.000149">Vter verò explican<lb></lb>di modus magis aptus ſit, magiſque naturæ ipſi congruat, demonſtrandum <lb></lb>reſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000150"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000151"> Nemini profectò dubium ſit, quin res tota planior in no<lb></lb>ſtra hypotheſi cenſeatur, in qua ſimplex & vnica Martis orbita ſtatui<lb></lb>tur, cùm tamen in tua, duos circulos ponas, deferentem ſcilicet, <lb></lb>& Epicyclum; ac proinde duos etiam motus; in mea vnicum dumtaxat <lb></lb>agnoſcis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000152"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Haec quæ dicis, ad ſpeciem vera & perſpicua eſſe videntur; <lb></lb>cùm tamen ſecus ſit; nam in tua quoque hypotheſi, gemini orbes, & <lb></lb>totidem motus ponendi ſunt; niſi enim terræ motum ſimul cum Martis <lb></lb>motu ad calculos reducas, nunquam prædicta phænomena invenies; vn<lb></lb>de motum pro motu, circulum pro circulo reddimus; Orbitam Martis <lb></lb>eandem vterque ponimus, ſcilicet FRPS, diverſimode tamen illa vti<lb></lb>mur; tu enim vis ab ea deferri planetam, ego verò centrum Epicycli. </s> <s id="s.000153">Tu <lb></lb>magnum orbem accerſis, in quo terram moveri decernis, ego Epicyclum <lb></lb>Martis, eiuſdem omnino ſemidiametri in quo planeta movetur; vterque <lb></lb>igitur geminos orbes & circulos ponimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000154"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000155"> Magnus orbis etiam a te ponendus eſt, in quo Sol ipſe mo<lb></lb>veatur; orbes igitur multiplicas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000156"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000157"> Magnus orbis ad prædictarum paſſionum phænomena, mihi <lb></lb>neceſſarius non eſt; ſtatuta terra immobili in centro A, cum orbita Mar<lb></lb>i, & Epicyclo, eo modo, quo dixi; nam etiam ſemoto magno illo orbe, <lb></lb>prædicta phænomena, regreſſionum, accelerationum, ſtationum &c. </s> <s id="s.000158">neceſ<lb></lb>ſariò conſequentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000159"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000160"> Pace tua dixerim, Antime; niſi enim magnum orbem ſta<lb></lb>tuas, & in eo Solem moveri, ſupponas, nunquam obtinebis, vt <lb></lb>Mars Perigæus, ſit ſemper oppoſitus; Apogæus verò, Soli ſemper coniun<lb></lb>ctus ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000161"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000162"> Equidem nunquam habemus Martem Soli coniunctum, vel <lb></lb>oppoſitum, niſi Solem eſſe ſupponamus; nec etiam eſſe poteſt, niſi alicu-<pb pagenum="12" xlink:href="025/01/016.jpg"></pb>bi ſit; ſit in B etiam immobilis, & Mars in D. hic erit Perigæus & oppo<lb></lb>ſitus: moveatur autem tum centrum Epicicli S, tum ipſe Epicyclus, eo <lb></lb>modo, quo diximus, quando centrum Epicycli erit in R, planeta erit in T; <lb></lb>igitur Apogæus & coniunctus; atque ita deinceps emenſis revolutioni<lb></lb>bus iuxta præſcriptum motum, Mars ſemper erit Perigæus in oppoſitio<lb></lb>ne, Apogæus in coniunctione; Iam ſumus ergo pares, & vtrinque par <lb></lb>numerus eſt circulorum & motuum: vter verò modus rationi & naturæ <lb></lb>magis conſentaneus ſit, videndum reſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000163"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000164"> Vtrique parti, ſuus videbitur in rem iſtam magis quadrare; <lb></lb>quid enim pro tua cauſa dici poſſit, non video, quod pro mea æquè non <lb></lb>militet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000165"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000166"> Secus eſſe crediderim; nempe ille modus veritati, rationi, & <lb></lb>naturæ magis conſentaneus eſt, qui nec ſenſum, nec intellectum in erro<lb></lb>rem inducit, ſed exhibet planetam in eo loco, in quo revera eſt; is enim <lb></lb>potiſſimùm oculorum finis, vt objectum, & tale quale eſt, & in loco in <lb></lb>quo eſt, exhibeant. </s> <s id="s.000167">Atqui iuxta noſtrum modum, video ex A Martem in <lb></lb>M, per lineam rectam productam ad verum locum Eclipticæ, in quo eſt, <lb></lb>cùm tamen iuxta tuum, ex B, videam Martem in eodem loco Eclipticæ, in <lb></lb>quo tamen non eſt, ſed in alio, ad quem terminatur recta AF. </s> <s id="s.000168">Igitur in <lb></lb>mea hypotheſi, nec ſenſus fallitur, nec intellectus; & provt rerum natura <lb></lb>poſtulat, videtur Planeta in eo loco, in quo eſt; in tua verò, & ſenſus fal<lb></lb>litur, & per ſenſum intellectus; Licèt hic deinde ex aliis notionibus ſen<lb></lb>ſum corrigat; & contra rerum naturam & rectæ rationis ordinem, plane<lb></lb>ta ſemper in eo loco videtur, in quo non eſt, & nunquam in eo, in quo eſt, <lb></lb>citra puncta oppoſitionum & conjunctionum. </s> <s id="s.000169">Fateor vltrò, ſenſus ali<lb></lb>quando falli, & multis ſubjici fallaciis; ſed profectò id accidit, vt aiunt, per <lb></lb>accidens; nam per ſe ſenſus non fallit, nec fallitur; ſed meo iudicio, ab<lb></lb>ſurdum dictu eſt, naturam oculis ſemper illudere voluiſſe, quod tamen <lb></lb>ex tua hypotheſi neceſſariò ſequitur; Video Solem moveri, ac Terram ſta<lb></lb>re, turpiter erro, Sol enim quieſcit, Terra movetur; terreſtrem globum in <lb></lb>centro Vniverſi eſſe video, & Solem in ætherea regione extra medium; <lb></lb>ſed oculi hallucinantur; nam Sol in centro eſt, atque inter Sydera Tellus: <lb></lb>Video Martem in 20. gradu Geminorum, oculo minimè impedito, <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> ex <lb></lb>centro terræ; fallor, erroque toto cœlo; cùm Mars reverâ ſit in principio <lb></lb>Cancri; ſic nobis Natura gratis impoſuit, & in perpetuo errore verſari <lb></lb>voluit, quis hoc credat? </s> <s id="s.000170">Quis homini cordato perſuadeat? </s> <s id="s.000171">præſertim vbi <lb></lb>nulla neceſſitas vrget, nulla ratio poſtulat, nulla cogunt phænomena. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000172"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000173"> Illa facilitas Apogæi ac Perigæi, quæ in noſtra hypotheſi <lb></lb>mirabilis eſt, negari profectò nequit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000174"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000175"> Quæ major facilitas excogitari poteſt, quàm illa, qua res Apo<lb></lb>gæi ac Perigæi per Epicyclum explicatur? </s> <s id="s.000176">Quis ſtatim non capiat, Mar<lb></lb>tem in O eſſe Apogæum, in C verò Perigæum ? Quis non videt, eodem <lb></lb>modo terram ab E, per EBC, accedere ad Martem F, quo Mars ab O <lb></lb>per ONC, accedit ad terram A, ſcilicet ab O in N, & ab E in B, iuxta <lb></lb>rationem ſinuum verſorum, ab N verò in C, & à B in C, iuxta rationem ſi-<pb pagenum="13" xlink:href="025/01/017.jpg"></pb>nuum rectorum arcuum decurſorum: In his, crede mihi, nulla eſt diffi<lb></lb>cultas, ſed par vtrinque facilitas; noſter tamen modus naturæ, veritati, <lb></lb>& rationi congruit, veſter errori & fallaciis patrocinatur. </s> <s id="s.000177">Hic autem ac<lb></lb>curatas revolutionum menſuras non definio, ſed illud duntaxat intendo <lb></lb>æquè facilè in noſtra hypotheſi, atque in tua, explicari illa omnia, quæ ad <lb></lb>Planetarum paſſiones ſpectant, licet noſtra hypotheſis naturæ ac rationi <lb></lb>magis congruat. </s> <s id="s.000178">Sed ne in hoc quidem pares eſſe videamur, per te mihi <lb></lb>liceat, quæro, rem iſtam paulò minutiùs enucleare. </s> <s id="s.000179">Suppone, Martem, <lb></lb>cum eo velocitatis gradu, quo velociùs Sole movetur, moveri ab ortu in <lb></lb>occaſum, haud dubiè Solem poſt ſe relinquit, & poſt aliquot revolutio<lb></lb>nes, modò eſt in Quadraturis, modò in oppoſitione, modò in Coniunctio<lb></lb>ne; ſit enim v.g. Sol in C, Mars in F, & vterque versùs occaſum eat, ſci<lb></lb>licet Sol à C, versùs D, Mars ab F, versùs S ; haud dubiè Mars Solem à <lb></lb>tergo relinquit versùs ortum, atque adeò poſt aliquot revolutiones Mars <lb></lb>erit in F ; & Solem aſpiciet in B, tum in F ; poſtea in D, ac demum <lb></lb>eum aſſequetur in C, redibitque Conjunctio; Vides, vtrumque moveri <lb></lb>ſimpliciſſimo motu; Cogita duos equos in duobus circulis currentes, <lb></lb>quorum alter velociùs ſuum orbem abſoluit; Hinc Mars ſemper aſſequi<lb></lb>tur partem ortivam diſci Solaris; hinc ſemper veſpertinus occidit He<lb></lb>liacè, id eſt, immergitur in radios Solis, ac proinde deſinit videri; Matuti<lb></lb>nus verò Heliacè oritur; id eſt, emergit ex radiis ſolaribus, Sole poſt ſe <lb></lb>relicto versùs ortum; ac proinde incipit videri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000180"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000181"> Optimè ſanè intelligo, quomodò ex diverſo velocitatis gra<lb></lb>du, ſuppoſito etiam motu ſimpliciſſimo, vtriuſque Planetæ diverſi aſpe<lb></lb>ctus ſequantur, & ſuppleatur vtriuſque motus ortum versùs, motu illo <lb></lb>diurno; ſed quæſo te, quomodò Apogæum & Perigæum explicabis? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000182"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000183"> Perſpicuè omninò; ſuppoſito enim illo velocitatis gradu, <lb></lb>quem Mars motu recto acquiſivit, eo temporis momento, quo cœpit agi <lb></lb>in orbem, ſimul vna cum Sole, retinuit tantulam inclinationem primus <lb></lb>ille impetus deorſum, ab Apogæo, ſcilicet, in quo tune erat, cum volui <lb></lb>cœpit, eamque ad inſtar motus accelerati, vſque ad mediocrem diſtan<lb></lb>tiam, & ab hac vſque ad Perigæum ad inſtar motus retardati; atque ita <lb></lb>deinceps: Ita porrò hæc inclinatio, qua Planeta deorſum ſurſumque vi<lb></lb>bratur, eo modo, quo dixi, attemperata eſt, vt menſura illius periodi, qua <lb></lb>ſcilicet Planeta ab Apogæo ad Apagæum redit, ſit ferè æqualis, priori pe<lb></lb>riodo, quæ ſcilicet intercedit, ab vna Conjunctione ad aliam Conjunctio<lb></lb>nem, ac proinde, poſito quod, Mars initio, cum primùm cœpit moveri mo<lb></lb>tu circulari, eſſet in Apogæo & in conjunctione, neceſſatiò ſequitur oppo<lb></lb>ſitionem fieri, cùm eſt in Perigæo, ac ſimul deinde ad Coniunctionem & <lb></lb>Apogæum redire. </s> <s id="s.000184">Cur autem prædictæ inclinationis ſit talis menſura, vel <lb></lb>periodus, facilè dictu eſt; poſito ſcilicet, quod Naturæ Auctor ita diſpo<lb></lb>nere voluerit; nempe negari non poteſt, quin res ſecus eſſe potuerit, ac <lb></lb>diverſus motuum & revolutionum modus; ſed ſtatuto ſemel hoc ordi<lb></lb>ne, finis Planetæ fuit, ita volvi, & ad Solem componere ſeſe; proportio<lb></lb>nata igitur fuit ad hunc finem prædicta inclinatio, imò & talis medio-<pb pagenum="14" xlink:href="025/01/018.jpg"></pb>cris diſtantia, ſuppoſito tali velocitatis gradu acquiſito, ſive à Motore <lb></lb>extrinſeco, ſive per motum acceleratum prævium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000185"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ſanè in rem iſtam optimè quadrarent, ſi Mars Perigæus <lb></lb>ſemper eſſet oppoſitus, & Apogæus ſemper coniunctus, quod tamen cum <lb></lb>veritate <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> conſentit; Nam ſæpè extra oppoſitionem eſt Perigæus & Apo<lb></lb>gæus extra coniunctionem; quod certè in hac tua hypotheſi abſurdiſſimum <lb></lb>eſſet; ſupponamus enim Martis Apogæum in O, Perigæum in E, & con<lb></lb>iunctionem citiùs fieri, quàm Mars perveniat ad Apogæum ; haud dubiè <lb></lb>coniunctio non fiet in O, ſed versùs ortum, id eſt, versùs R. </s> <s id="s.000186">Igitur poſt <lb></lb>alteram revolutionem punctum coniunctionis promovebitur vltra, versùs <lb></lb>ortum, atque ita deinceps; igitur poſt multas revolutiones, eveniet tan<lb></lb>dem, vt coniunctio fiat in Perigæo, & Mars in Solem fortè impingat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000187"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000188"> Nodus iſte nullo negotio ſolvitur; ſi enim Sol ſemper eſſet in <lb></lb>mediocri diſtantia, haud dubiè coniunctio ſemper fieret in Apogæo, & <lb></lb>oppoſitio in Perigæo ; ſi autem Sol ſemper eſſet in Perigæo, oppoſitio fie<lb></lb>ret vltra Perigæum, citrà verò ſi Sol ſemper eſſet in Apogæo ; nempe Sol <lb></lb>circa ſuum Apogæum verſans, maiores orbes decurrit, igitur tardiùs <lb></lb>abſolvit; Quid mirum igitur, ſi Mars citiùs illum aſſequatur? </s> <s id="s.000189">cùm ta<lb></lb>men Sol Perigæus paulò minores circulos deſcribat, citiùs igitur illos ab<lb></lb>ſoluit, Mais igitur tardiùs illum aſſequitur: At cùm Sol ſemper recurrat <lb></lb>ab Apogæo ad Perigæum per mediocrem diſtantiam, & viciſſim, iuſta fit <lb></lb>compenſatio breviorum & maiorum orbium, & pro diverſa coniuga<lb></lb>tione vtriuſque Apogæi & Perigæi, eſt enim diverſa vtrinque revolutio<lb></lb>num periodus modò præit Coniunctio Apogæum, modò ſubſequitur, <lb></lb>v. g. ſi Sol circa Apogæum verſetur cum tardiùs orbes ſuos, vtpote ma<lb></lb>iores decurrat, citiùs illum Mars aſſequitur; ac proinde coniunctio præit <lb></lb>Apogæum ; ſi verò circa Perigæum, citiùs ſuos orbes conficit, ac pro<lb></lb>inde tardiùs illum Mars aſſequitur, ac proinde ſequitur poſt Apogæum <lb></lb>coniunctio. </s> <s id="s.000190">Hæc niſi facilia ſint & ex ſimpliciſſimis principiis deducta, <lb></lb>quid ſimplex ſit & facile, nequit intelligi. </s> <s id="s.000191">Suppono hoc loco Solem in <lb></lb>Apogæo poſitum, maiorem orbem deſcribere, ſcilicet diurnum, mi<lb></lb>nimum verò in Perigæo, licèt ſecus aliquando accidat, de quo infra; <lb></lb>Sed ad rem hanc ſufficit, Solem aliquando maiores, aliquando mino<lb></lb>res, aliàs mediocres orbes per annum decurrere; exempli autem gra<lb></lb>tia, ſuppono, maiores eſſe in Apogæo, minores in Perigæo, medio<lb></lb>cres in mediocri diſtantia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000192"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000193"> Negari non poteſt, quin hæc ſint facillima; at vnum ſcire <lb></lb>averem, cur Mars aliquando matutinus bis emergat, & ſemel occul<lb></lb>tetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000194"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000195"> Vnus Keplerus, ſaltem quod ſciam, hoc aſſerit, cui tamen <lb></lb>parum fidei habendum eſſe puto; Vt vt ſit, hoc etiam facilè explicari <lb></lb>poteſt; nam ſi Coniunctio præcedat Apogæum, cùm Mars ſuos orbes <lb></lb>citiùs abſoluat, quàm Sol ſuos, Solem poſt ſerelinquit versùs ortum, at<lb></lb>que adeò emergit; quia verò paulò poſt proximè accedit ad Apogæum, & <lb></lb>Sol ad Perigæum, Mars tardiùs, Sol citiùs ſuum orbem decurrit, hinc <pb pagenum="15" xlink:href="025/01/019.jpg"></pb>Sol Martem aſſequitur; hinc Martem occultari neceſſe eſt; quia verò <lb></lb>poſt aliquod tempus, Sol à Perigæo, & Mars ab Apogæo recedunt, Mars <lb></lb>citiùs ſuos orbes decurrit; hinc Solem poſt ſe relinquit; hinc demum <lb></lb>emergit. </s> <s id="s.000196">Si hoc phænomenum verum eſt, vix puto aliam illius cauſam <lb></lb>aſſignari poſſe; ſed vt iam indicavi, Kepleri dictis parum fidei haben<lb></lb>dum eſſe putarem; præterquàm quòd fieri potuit, vt craſſiores vapores <lb></lb>Martem circa horizontem ortivum oculis ſubduxerint per aliquot dies, <lb></lb>quibus deinde diſcuſſis, ſeſe iterum Planeta videndum præbuerit, ac <lb></lb>proinde non fuerit vera immerſio, vel emerſio; Vt vt ſit, nec enim de <lb></lb>hoc laboramus, ſi phænomenum verum eſt, in noſtra etiam hypotheſi <lb></lb>ſua cauſa & ratione non caret, & vix ſcio, quonam pacto in veſtra ex<lb></lb>plicari poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000197"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000198"> Rectè omnia explicas, <emph type="italics"></emph>Antime,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> nec etiam dubito, quin <lb></lb>ablegato etiam veſtro Epicyclo, retardationem, accelerationem, retro <lb></lb>gradationem, ſtationem Martis explices; ſupponamus enim, Martei <lb></lb>motu ſemper æquabili ſuos agere orbes, cum maiorem circulum deſcri<lb></lb>bat in Apogæo, & minorem in Perigæo, hunc citiùs, tardiùs illum per<lb></lb>ficit; Supponamus autem, versùs Apogæum ſuum orbem decurrere tar<lb></lb>diùs, quàm ſtellas, citiùs verò verſus Perigæum; haud dubiè versùs Apo<lb></lb>gæum, longè retro à ſtellis relinquitur versùs ortum, vnde progredi vi<lb></lb>detur in conſequentia ſignorum, idque maiore intervallo, quò propiùs <lb></lb>ad Apogæum accedit; minore verò, quo longiùs ab eo recedit; at verò <lb></lb>versùs Perigæum ſtellas verſus ortum poſt ſe relinquit; igitur versùs oc<lb></lb>caſum progredi videtur, id eſt, à ſtella recedere, quod retrogredi vocant; <lb></lb>vbi demum ſuum orbem æquè citò conficit atque ſtella, ſtare dicitur: Hæc <lb></lb>ſatis bene intelligo, etiam, ex principiis Phyſicis, quæ per optica tan<lb></lb>tùm in noſtra hypotheſi, explicantur; nonnulla tamen à te ſcire deſide<lb></lb>ro, v. g. vtrùm Mars in mediocri diſtantia citiùs ſuum orbem decurrat, <lb></lb>quàm ſtellæ, an verò tardiùs; deinde, cur Mars ſit retrogradus breuiori <lb></lb>tempore, & longiore directus; cur ab Apogæo ad Quadraturam plus <lb></lb>temporis ponat, quàm ab iſta ad Perigæum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000199"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000200"> Mars haud dubiè in mediocri diſtantia tardiùs ſuum orbem <lb></lb>quàm ſtellæ, & non procul à Perigæo æquè citò illum decurrit; vnde <lb></lb>non mirum eſt, ſi cum ab vna coniunctione ad aliam dies circiter 780. ſeu <lb></lb>revolutiones ſpirales intercurrant, ſit directus in 705. retrogradus in 73. <lb></lb>in 2. demum ſtationarius. </s> <s id="s.000201">Si autem in mediocri diſtantia ſuum orbem <lb></lb>æquè citò ac ſtella conficeret, æque diu eſſet retrogradus, ac </s> <s id="s.000202">directus; <lb></lb>ac proinde nunquam ad oppoſitionem pervenire poſſet, & in Perigæo <lb></lb>eſſet etiam Soli coniunctus, vt Venus; vnde parum omnino regreditur, <lb></lb>ſi obſervationes conſulamus, quibus haud dubiè ſtandum eſt, non verò <lb></lb>fictitio Syſtemati. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000203"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000204"> Syſtema ex obſeruationibus ſtatuitur, ac proinde his ſtan<lb></lb>tibus, ſyſtema etiam ſtare neceſſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000205"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000206"> Vis liberè dicam, quod ſentio; cum ex multis obſervationi<lb></lb>bus ſyſtema ſtatuatur, eo ſemel ſtatuto, reliquas ad illud vt plurimùm <pb pagenum="16" xlink:href="025/01/020.jpg"></pb>accommodant v.g. ad explicandas huiuſmodi paſſiones planetarum, puta <lb></lb>Martis, nonnulli cum Ptolemæo Epicyclum poſuerunt, alij cum Tycone <lb></lb>circulum cuius centrum in Sole ſemper fixum eſſet; alij cum Copernico <lb></lb>orbem excentricum circa Solem immobilem in centro mundi; his autem <lb></lb>ſtatutis, ac definitis circulorum diametris; periodis, ſitu, &c. </s> <s id="s.000207">omnes ob<lb></lb>ſervationes ad prædicta ſyſtemata, vt dixi, accommodant, licèt vt pluri<lb></lb>mum, aliquæ parum congruant. </s> <s id="s.000208">Hinc non mirum, ſi fortè ſupponant, Mar<lb></lb>tem pluribus gradibus retrogredi, quam re ipſa retrogrediatur. </s> <s id="s.000209">Sed iam ad <lb></lb>alia tua poſtulata gradum facio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000210"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000211"> Suſtine parumper, vnum exciderat, quod jam in mentem <lb></lb>venit; dixiſti enim paulò ante, ni fallor, Solem in Perigæo ſuum orbem <lb></lb>citiùs, in Apogæo tardiùs conficere; dies igitur noſtri ſunt inæquales. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000212"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000213"> Novum profectò dictu non eſt; nempe in antiqua etiam hypo<lb></lb>theſi Ptolemaica, ex duplici capite illa dierum inæqualitas petitur; primò <lb></lb>ex eo quod Sol in Apogæo excentrici in conſequentia versùs ortum videa<lb></lb>tur tardiùs promoveri, contra verò velociùs in Perigæo ; igitur in Apogæo <lb></lb>citiùs orbem ſuum abſolvit, diurnum ſcilicet, ab ortu ad occaſum, tardiùs <lb></lb>verò in Perigæo: Igitur circa Solſtitium æſtivum, ex hoc capite ſunt bre<lb></lb>viores, & circa brumale, longiores. </s> <s id="s.000214">Secundò ex aſcenſione recta & obli<lb></lb>qua Eclipticæ, nempe æquali tempore major arcus aſcendit obliquæ, quàm <lb></lb>rectæ; Igitur Sol in Solſtitiis in quibus eſt aſcenſio recta, tardiùs, in Æqui<lb></lb>noctiis, in quibus eſt obliqua velociùs orbem diurnum abſolvit. </s> <s id="s.000215">Sed his <lb></lb>rejectis, ex alio capite, prædictam inæqualitatem etiam duci poſſe dicimus; <lb></lb>ſcilicet ex inæqualibus circulis, ſeu ſpiris à Sole decurſis, cum eodem ſci<lb></lb>licet velocitatis gradu; vnde reverà fit, vt Apogæus majorem, & tardiùs, <lb></lb>Perigæus verò breviorem & citiùs orbem decurrat; Vellem, vt fideli fune<lb></lb>pendulo inæqualitatem illam probares, numerato ſcilicet vibrationum nu<lb></lb>mero, idque ſub initium Iulij & Ianuarij: Tunc enim eſt aliqua, etiam for<lb></lb>tè ſenſibilis circulorum in æqualitas, igitur & dierum; & plures vibratio<lb></lb>nes numerantur intra ſpatium ſemihoræ ſub initium Iulij, Sole in Apogæo <lb></lb>exiſtente, quàm ſub initium Ianuarij, quo tempore Sol in Perigæo ver<lb></lb>ſatur; & his vibrationibus, crede mihi, aliquam differentiam invenires, <lb></lb>minimam certè, at, niſi ſallor, ſenſibilem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000216"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000217"> Si hæc cum veritate conſentiant, nullus dubitat, quin Aſtro<lb></lb>nomos plurimùm tibi obſtrinxeris, ſed antequam meis poſtulatis facias <lb></lb>ſatis, ſi tibi grave non eſſet, vellem, vt rude ſaltem tui ſyſtematis Solaris <lb></lb>ſchema mihi exhiberes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000218"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000219"> Prolixior reverà eſſem, ſi rem hanc, vt par eſt, explicandam <lb></lb>ſuſciperem; ſed quandoquidem rudiorem dumtaxat delineationem fla<lb></lb>gitas, eò libentiùs tibi morem geram. <pb pagenum="17" xlink:href="025/01/021.jpg"></pb><figure id="id.025.01.021.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/021/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Sit igitur centrum mundi A, Axis <lb></lb>mundi BC, diameter Æquatoris KF, <lb></lb>diameter Tropici Cancri ID, Capri<lb></lb>corni LH, Apogæum D, Perigæum L, <lb></lb>mediocris diſtantia AQ, quæ diſpo<lb></lb>ſitio fortè fuit anno mundi 5400. Sit <lb></lb>angulus obliquitatis Zodiaci DAF, <lb></lb>item HAF, ſupponamus Solem in <lb></lb>Apogæo cum tali velocitatis gradu, <lb></lb>quo circa Axem mundi æquabili mo<lb></lb>tu ſuum orbem diurnum decurrit ab <lb></lb>Ortu ad Occaſum, cum duplici in<lb></lb>clinatione, altera ſcilicet versùs <lb></lb>centrum A, ad inſtar motus accelerati, <lb></lb>vſque ad mediocrem diſtantiam, & <lb></lb>retardati ab hac ad Perigæum, atque <lb></lb>ita deinceps; altera verò versùs E, ad <lb></lb>inſtar pariter motus accelerati vſque <lb></lb>ad Æquatorem, & retardati ab Æqua<lb></lb>tore ad Tropicum, atque ita deinceps; <lb></lb>cùm autem circuli ſint, vt diametri, <lb></lb>vel ſemidiametri, erunt orbes decur<lb></lb>ſi, ſi tamen decurruntur orbes, vt B <lb></lb>D, AQ, CH; & cùm AQ, ſit haud <lb></lb>dubiè major, quàm BD, maximus <lb></lb>circulus decurritur circa Æquatorem <lb></lb>quod certè in hac hypotheſi ſingulare non eſt, cùm etiam in Ptolemaica, <lb></lb>& Tyconica locum habeat Dixi, cautè, ſi tamen decurrantur orbes, quia <lb></lb>orbes non decurruntur, ſed ſpiræ, quæ ita componuntur, per majorem aut <lb></lb>minorem diſtractionem, vt ſingulæ æquales ferè ſingulis evadant, dico <lb></lb>ferè, quia non nego, aliquam ineſſe inæqualitatem, vt ſupra dictum eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000220">Finge igitur, ſepoſito motu circulari, Solem duplici inclinatione, eo modo, <lb></lb>quo ſuprà dictum eſt, inſtructum, ite, ac redire, tum versùs centrum mun<lb></lb>di A, tum à D ad E per arcum DE, & vtraque ſuo gaudeat acceſſu & <lb></lb>receſſu; hoc quidem motum retardatum, illo verò acceleratum imitante, <lb></lb>ſitque menſura acceſſus primæ inclinationis FQ, vel EV, & receſſus VH; <lb></lb>Secundæ verò, acceſſus DF, & receſſus FE, atque ita viciſſim; finge igi<lb></lb>tur, inquam, Solem ita moveri, ſepoſito motu circulari diurno; ibit haud <lb></lb>dubiè per lineam curvam DQH. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000221"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000222"> Quis amabo ſciat, lineam illam curvam eſſe? </s> <s id="s.000223">quid ſi dixe<lb></lb>rim eſſe rectam in latere cylindri, vel coni? </s> <s id="s.000224">Deinde ſi curva eſt, quis de<lb></lb>finiat, quæ & qualis ſit? </s> <s id="s.000225">vide, quàm abſtruſa & obſcura nobis obtru<lb></lb>das. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000226"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000227"> Recta eſſe non poteſt in latere cylindri: ſit enim DE recta, ſi <lb></lb>fieri poteſt; erit AE æqualis, AD; igitur Perigæum æquè diſtabit a <pb pagenum="18" xlink:href="025/01/022.jpg"></pb>Apògæum, quod repugnat; nec etiam in latere coni. </s> <s id="s.000228">Sit enim DH re<lb></lb>cta; ſitque exempli gratia HE 1/<gap></gap> ferè totius AE; haud dubiè AX eſt <lb></lb>brevior AH vt conſtat ex Trigonometria; accedit enim propiùs ad per<lb></lb>pendicularem; omitto calculos, quia res eſt perſpicua, etiam tyronibus <lb></lb>Geometris; dixi 1/<gap></gap>. exempli gratia, cùm re ipſa minor ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000229"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000230"> Quæſo te, Antime, tibi perſpicuum eſt, aliis fortè non <lb></lb>item, memini aliquando à magno Geometra, tibi haud ignoto, audiiſſe, <lb></lb>cum de te, tua que hypotheſi ſermo incidiſſet, DH, eſſe latus coni. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000231"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000232"> Scio, quem intelligas, hoc etiam mihi primùm, ne quid tibi diſ<lb></lb>ſimulem in mentem venerat, & maximè in votis hoc erat; ſi enim DH ſit <lb></lb>latus coni, volvaturque BDEC, circa Axem BC, <expan abbr="genitũ">genitum</expan> erit fruſtum ma<lb></lb>jus coni, quod ſi ſecetur per Axem DL, erit ſectio elliptica ſimul, & <lb></lb>ecliptica, vnde Kepleri & aliorum ellipſis ex Phyſicis principiis demon<lb></lb>ſtrata maneret; ſed, vt iam dixi, DH non eſt linea recta; ſi enim, ſi <lb></lb>fieri poteſt, ducatur recta DGE; igitur AX eſt minor AH, quod re<lb></lb>pugnat, vt dixi; cùm enim angulus DAF ſit gradus 23.30. min. erit. </s> <s id="s.000233">DG <lb></lb>illius ſinus rectus; igitur AG ſinus complementi; iam verò in hoc libel<lb></lb>lo tabularum ſinuum, invenio, vt vides, GA eſſe æqualem ſinui recto <lb></lb>anguli grad 66.30 minut. </s> <s id="s.000234">qui eſt ad <expan abbr="ſinũ">ſinum</expan> totum, vt 91706. ad 100000. Igi<lb></lb>tur GF erit vt 8794. Igitur fere 1/1<gap></gap> totius AD. </s> <s id="s.000235">Sed HE ſupponitur 1/1<gap></gap>. Igi<lb></lb>tur AH eſt maior AG, & potiori iure maior AX, quæ minor eſt AG: <lb></lb>quanquam, vt dixi, fortè E eſt minor 1/1<gap></gap> AE. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000236"><emph type="italics"></emph>Anguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000237"> Satis eſt; ignoſce, hæc Geometrica pene mihi exciderunt; <lb></lb>ſed ſi linea DQH curva eſt, vix ſciri poteſt, quænam & qualis <lb></lb>ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000238"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000239"> Hoc etiam ſciri poteſt; eſt enim linea quædam motus mix<lb></lb>ti, à magno Archimede iam olim inuenta; fac enim radium DA volui in <lb></lb>hoc plano circa A, motu quidem accelerato, donec perveniat ad AF, <lb></lb>retardato verò donec veniat ad AE, & ſimul vna punctum D ire versùs A <lb></lb>in radio AD mobili, motu quidem accelerato, donec decurrerit ſegmen<lb></lb>tum radij æquale VE, retardato verò, tantundem; dictum punctum D <lb></lb>ibit per curvam DQH modò acceſſus & receſſus vtriuſque motus ſint <lb></lb>æquè diuturni; vnde vides curvam DQH eſſe veram ſpiralem Archi<lb></lb>medis; ac proinde Sectio per axem DL, in ſolido genito à plano BDQ <lb></lb>HC circa axem BC revoluto, quæ munere Eclipticæ defungitur, non <lb></lb>eſt vera ellipſis, cuius tractatio ad præſentem quæſtionem non pertinet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000240"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000241"> Iam vtcumque tuam Solarem hypotheſim concipio, vis <lb></lb>enim Solem ſimplici motu æquabili diurno ferri ab Ortu ad Occaſum, <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>gemina inclinatione, eo modo, quo dixiſti; & cum vno ferè gradu ſin<lb></lb>gulis diebus à ſtellis retroagatur, videtur ſemper inhærere prædictæ el<lb></lb>lipticæ mobili circa eundem Mundi Axem; ita tamen vt ſpatio 24. hora<lb></lb>rum quodlibet illius punctum ſuum integrum orbem decurrat, itemque <lb></lb>in ea moveri ab Occaſu ad Ortum, ita vt ſpatio vnius anni totam decur<lb></lb>rat; ſed hic motus non eſt realis, vt vocant, ſed tantùm apparens, ita<lb></lb>que hæc ſatis bene intelligo; ſed non levis difficultas mihi eſſe videtur, <pb pagenum="19" xlink:href="025/01/023.jpg"></pb>tum in explicando Apogæi motu, tum in excogitanda aliqua ratione Ano<lb></lb>maliæ Solis; Sol enim, vt nemo neſcit, ſtatuto Apogæo in D, plures dies <lb></lb>ponit à Tropico Cancri ad Æquatorem, quàm ab Æquatore ad Tropicum <lb></lb>Capricorni. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000242"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000243"> Rectè omninò: Hinc vides, ni fallor, duo triangula ABD, <lb></lb>ACH eſſe proportionalia, quia æquiangula; ac proinde, vt AD ad AH, <lb></lb>ita BA ad AC; igitur AC eſt minor AB; igitur breviore tempore de<lb></lb>curritur: ſepoſito enim motu circulari, cum prima inclinatione, ſit mo<lb></lb>tus acceleratus à B ad A, & retardatus ab A versùs C, ſi ſpatia ſint, vt <lb></lb>lineæ BA, AC, ſitque inter BA, AC media proportionalis BY, erunt <lb></lb>tempora vt YB, AB; ſunt enim ſpatia in duplicata ratione tempo<lb></lb>rum. </s> <s id="s.000244">Hoc autem ex duplici analogia facilè intelligitur; Prima eſt; <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.023.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/023/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Sit corda tenſa BC, tendatur vltrà in BAC, affixo <lb></lb>gemino clavo in FG, redit in BC motu accelerato; hic <lb></lb>eſt acceſſus; per receſſum verò pervenit in FEG; ita vt <lb></lb>DE ſit ad DA, vt DF ad DB; tempus autem acceſſus <lb></lb>eſt ad tempus receſſus, vt AD ad DE. </s> <s id="s.000245">Alia verò ſit <lb></lb>hæc; ſit BI funependulum in perpendiculo, pendens ex <lb></lb>B, ſitque affixus clavus in F, ita prima ſemivibratio fiat per <lb></lb>arcum AI, altera verò per IE, ſit inter AD, DE, media <lb></lb>proportionalis AO, tempus vibrationis AI erit ad tem<lb></lb>pus vibrationis IE, vt AD ad AO; ſunt enim tempora in <lb></lb>ſubduplicata ratione ſpatiorum, vt conſtat ex doctrina mo<lb></lb>tuum. </s> <s id="s.000247">Vtraque analogia facilè applicatur. </s> <s id="s.000248">Quod verò ſpe<lb></lb>ctat ad rationem motus accelerati, vt ad calculos reduca<lb></lb>tur, fortè poſſet accipi quadrans circuli BZ, qui repræſen<lb></lb>tet tempus acceſſus diviſum in quotcunque partes æqua<lb></lb>les. </s> <s id="s.000249">v. g. accipiatur (<emph type="italics"></emph>in Figura priore<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) BN, arcus 30. <lb></lb>graduum demittatur NM perpendicularis, acceſſus pro<lb></lb>motus eſt illo tempore ſegmento BM, vel vt ad Phyſicas <lb></lb>cauſas propiùs accedatur, acciperet aliquis ſemiparabo<lb></lb>lam ABZ, cuius Axis ſit BA, applicata quælibet, ſeu <lb></lb>ſemibaſis AZ, hæc ſi dividatur in quotcumque partes <lb></lb>æquales, puta in 90. repræſentat tempus acceſſus, v.g. ab initio acceſſus <lb></lb>ſit tempus AO 45.graduum; ducatur ON parallela Axi AB, tum appli<lb></lb>cata NM, applicatæ AZ parallela, BM erit menſura ſpatij decurſi in <lb></lb>acceſſu, nec fortè vna progreſſio multùm differt ab alia, vt patet ex <lb></lb>calculatione; vix enim aſſumptis quotcunque partibus temporis, diffe<lb></lb>rentia ſpatiorum acceſſus vnum gradum integrum adæquat; ſed profectò, <lb></lb>vt Aſtronomicè vtramque probo, ita neutram phyſice admitto; germa<lb></lb>nam dabimus ſuo loco & Phyſicam. </s> <s id="s.000250">Hæc enim obiter quatenus ad rem <lb></lb>noſtram facit, hîc tantùm indico; ſed alibi juſtum cúmque integrum tra<lb></lb>ctatum edemus </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000251"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000252"> Acceſſus ab Apogæo ad Perigæum, & viciſſim, eodem <lb></lb>modo ad calculos reducitur, aſſumpta ſemiparabola ſub Axe EV; item-<pb pagenum="20" xlink:href="025/01/024.jpg"></pb>que receſſus ſub Axe HV, applicata qualibet baſi, quæ in partes quaſ<lb></lb>cunque diviſa repræſentat tempus, tum acceſſus, tum receſſus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000253"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000254"> Optimè; vnum tamen obſerva, in acceſſu ita dividi tempus, <lb></lb>quod repræſentatur per lineam AZ, vt incipiat ab A & terminetur in Z; <lb></lb>in receſſu verò incipiat à Z, & deſinat in A: idem dico de acceſſu & re<lb></lb>ceſſu Apogæi. </s> <s id="s.000255">Iam verò ad id, quod de motu Apogæi quæſiveras reſpon<lb></lb>deo, periodum inclinationis, ſeu motus Apogæi, æqualem non eſſe perio<lb></lb>do alterius inclinationis; ita vt, Sol citiùs redeat ad Tropicum Cancri, <lb></lb>vnde diſceſſerat, abſoluto totius Eclipticæ motu, quàm ad Apogæum, <lb></lb>quod tantùm attingit paulo pòſt: igitur interea Sol tantulùm promove<lb></lb>tur in Ecliptica, hinc Apogæum videtur moveri ſecundùm ſeriem Signo<lb></lb>rum, ſed adeò lentè, vt vix ſingulis annis 1. minutum conficiat; & hic <lb></lb>motus eſt tantùm apparens. </s> <s id="s.000256">Hæc dixi ad reducendum ad calculos Ano<lb></lb>maliæ motum; nam re ipſa AD habet minorem proportionem ad AH. <lb></lb>ſeu BD ad CH, quàm tempus, quo Sol Apogæus in Cancro decurrit <lb></lb>arcum Eclipticæ æſtivum, à principio ſcilicet Cancri ad Libram, ad tem<lb></lb>pus quo arcum autumnalem deſcribit, ſunt enim ſpiræ paulò laxiores in <lb></lb>hoc arcu; ac proinde pauciores; igitur pauciores dies; quod ideò fit, vt <lb></lb>vna ſpira diurna Solis ſit ferè æqualis alteri diurnæ; ſic enim ſupplet natu<lb></lb>ra æqualitatem motuum; quod ſanè multis aliis exemplis comprobare <lb></lb>poſſem, ſi fortè ita iuberes. </s> <s id="s.000257">Ex his reliqua, ni fallor, quæ ad Solare <lb></lb>noſtrum ſyſtema pertinent, facilè intelliges. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000258"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000259"> Ita eſt: quare ad prima illa poſtulata de Marte redeo; vnum, <lb></lb>ni fallor, ſupererat, cur ſcilicet Mars à coniunctione, vel Apogæo <lb></lb>ad Quadraturam, plus temporis ponat, quàm à Quadratura, ſcilicet reſ<lb></lb>pectu Solis, ad Oppoſitionem, vel Perigæum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000260"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000261"> Miror à te, qui adeò perſpicax es, non videri; cùm enim <lb></lb>Mars ab Apogæo & Coniunctione ad mediocrem diſtantiam orbes ſuos <lb></lb>tardiùs conficiat; haud dubiè minoribus intervallis Solem poſt ſe relin<lb></lb>quit, quàm dum à mediocri diſtantia tendit ad Perigæum; quia orbes <lb></lb>ſuos citiùs decurrit; igitur maioribus intervallis Solem poſt ſe relinquit; <lb></lb>igitur cum æqualibus temporibus, ab Apogæo ad mediocrem diſtantiam, <lb></lb>& ab hac ad Perigæum perveniat, & cum eo tempore, quo ab Apogæo <lb></lb>pervenit ad mediocrem diſtantiam, minore arcu Solem poſt ſe relinquat, <lb></lb>maiore verò æquali tempore, quo à mediocri diſtantia pervenit ad Pe<lb></lb>rigæum; inde ſequitur, vt arcus hinc inde ſint æquales, provt reverà <lb></lb>æquales apparent, à Coniunctione ad Quadraturam, & ab hac ad Oppoſi<lb></lb>tionem, aſſumenda eſſe inæqualia temporum intervalla, maius ſcilicet <lb></lb>ab Apogæo ad Quadraturam, minus verò ab hac ad Perigæum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000262"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc adeò facilia Sunt, vt nimia facilitas non nihil de pre<lb></lb>tio detrahere videatur; iam verò mihi facilè perſuadeo, reliqua omnia, <lb></lb>quæ ad alias paſſiones ſuperiorum Planetarum pertinent, pari facilitate ex <lb></lb>iactis à te principiis explicari<gap></gap> poſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000263"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000264"> Ita eſt prorſus; nam res eodem modo explicatur in Iove & <lb></lb>Saturno; niſi quod cùm Iupiter maioribus intervallis Solem poſt ſe relin-<pb pagenum="21" xlink:href="025/01/025.jpg"></pb>quat, quàm Mars, illum citiùs à tergo aſſequatur; ac proinde à Coniun<lb></lb>ctione ad Oppoſitionem minus temporis excurrat; atque adeò, cùm il<lb></lb>lud temporis intervallum, æquè dividatur à mediocris diſtantiæ momen<lb></lb>to, ad eundem finem obtinendum, Iovis ſcilicet Apogæi, in Coniunctio<lb></lb>ne, & Perigæi in Oppoſitione; brevior eſt <expan abbr="acceſſuũ">acceſſuum</expan> & <expan abbr="receſſuũ">receſſuum</expan> periodus in <lb></lb>Iove quàm in Marte; vnde frequentiùs recurrunt Coniunctiones in Iove, <lb></lb><expan abbr="quā">quam</expan> in Marte; cur verò Iupiter matutinus emergat, veſpertinus verò immer<lb></lb>gatur, cur plus temporis ponat à Coniunctione ad Quadraturam, quàm <lb></lb>ab hac ad Perigæum; cur aliquando retrogredi, & ſtare aliquando vi<lb></lb>deatur, eodem modo in Iove explicamus, quo iam in Marte explicuimus; <lb></lb>item cur Iupiter citiùs in conſequentia moveri videatur circa Apogæum ; <lb></lb>hic porro Planeta dies ponit in ſua revolutione integra, nimirum à Con<lb></lb>iunctione ad Coniunctionem 399. ita vt diebus 283. directo motu feratur, <lb></lb>ſcilicet apparenter; diebus 118. retrogrado; 4. verò ſit ſtationarius. </s> <s id="s.000265">In <lb></lb>Saturno cuncta hæc locum habent; niſi quod maioribus adhuc intervallis <lb></lb>Solem poſt ſe relinquit versus Ortum; ac proinde periodus revolutionis <lb></lb>à Coniunctione ad Coniunctionem brevior eſt, illa autem eſt dierum 378. <lb></lb>ita vt ſit directus diebus 244. retrogradus 136. ſtationarius fere 8. Hæc <lb></lb>omnia ex iiſdem noſtris principiis neceſſariò conſequuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000266"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000267"> Inaudij non nihil de motu Apogæi; trium ſuperiorum Plane<lb></lb>tarum; neſcio, vtrùm in tua hypotheſi rectè illud explicare poſſis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000268"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000269"> Rectiſſime Nam ſupponamus, Apogæum Marris coniuncti <lb></lb>eſſe in primo Arietis gradu; cùm illius revolutio ab Apogæo ad Apogæum, <lb></lb>duret diebus 780. Sol bis redit ad idem punctum diebus fere 731. quibus <lb></lb>detractis ex 780. reſtant adhuc 49. ac proinde poſt 49. ferè dies, Mars tan<lb></lb>tùm aſſequitur Solem, quibus per totidem ferè gradus Eclipticæ Sol pro<lb></lb>gredi videtur; Igitur Apogæum Martis tunc erit circa gradus 19. Tauri. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000270">Igitur ſingulis annis & diebus 25. Apogæum Martis 25. circiter gradi<lb></lb>bus in conſequentia moveri videtur. </s> <s id="s.000271">In Iove autem, cum illius revolutio <lb></lb>fiat diebus 399. detractis 365. ſuperſunt adhuc 34. quibus Sol totidem <lb></lb>decurrere videtur; Igitur Apogæum Iovis poſito quod prior Coniunctio <lb></lb>fuerit in primo gradu Arietis, erit in 4. gradu Tauri. </s> <s id="s.000272">Igitur ſingulis annis <lb></lb>& diebus 34. Apogæum Iovis moveri videtur in conſequentia 34. grad. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000273">In Saturno denique, cùm eius revolutio fiat diebus 378. ex his ſi detrahas <lb></lb>365. ſuperſunt 13. Igitur, ne idem repetam, ſingulis annis, diebus 13. <lb></lb>Apogæum Saturni moveri videtur in conſequentia gradibus 13. circiter <lb></lb>Sunt autem huiuſmodi motus apparentes tantùm, in mea hypotheſi, vt <lb></lb>tuteſcis, qui ramen ex illo reali ſimpliciſſimo neceſſariò conſequuntur, <lb></lb>nec alio Apogæo excentrici opus eſſe crediderim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000274"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000275"> Dubito, an poſſis alia explicare in tua hypotheſi, quæ no<lb></lb>ſtræ tantum hominum plauſum conciliarunt, v. g. quod Saturnus <lb></lb>directus Iovi & Marti conjungi non poſſit, niſi hi ſint directi; nec Marti <lb></lb>retrogrado, alij duo, niſi ſint retrogradi, licèt Saturno retrogrado alij <lb></lb>duo conjungi poſſint, licèt directi ſint, & Iovi retrogrado Mars dire<lb></lb>ctus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="22" xlink:href="025/01/026.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000276"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ſunt veſtræ hypotheſeos miracula; ſed hæc in noſtra hy<lb></lb>potheſi facilè explicantur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.026.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/026/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000277">Sit enim Saturnus in I, Mars in M, Sol in C, cùm ſingulis diebus, ſeu dìur<lb></lb>nis revolutionibus Mars relinquatur à Stellis Ortum versùs 3 ò. </s> <s id="s.000278">circiter, <lb></lb>dum ſcilicet directus eſt, & Saturnus. </s> <s id="s.000279">2. Sit arcus FM, grad. 22. 15. minutis <lb></lb>circiter; poſt 45. dies Mars erit in F, Saturnus verò diſtabit à puncto I, <lb></lb>Ortum versùs grad. 3. igitur ſeptimo poſt die, Mars Saturno conjungetur, <lb></lb>directus directo; item Iupiter Marti; crat autem Saturnus in Apogæo, <lb></lb>vt conſtat, conjunctus ſcilicet Soli. </s> <s id="s.000280">Supponamus autem Martem oppo<lb></lb>ſitum in R, Solem in D, Saturnum in I, cùm Saturnus à ſtatione haud pro<lb></lb>cul abſit, eſt enim juxta Quadraturam, tanto intervallo Mars regredi ne<lb></lb>quit versùs F, vt Saturno directo jungatur; quia ſtatim Saturnus ſtatio<lb></lb>nem attingit, & paucis poſt diebus, fit retrogradus: eadem ratio facit <lb></lb>pro Iove, vt ſcilicet nunquam Saturno directo, retrogradus jungatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000281">Sed vt hæc paulò accuratiùs diſcutiamus; cùm Saturni & Solis conjun-<pb pagenum="23" xlink:href="025/01/027.jpg"></pb>ctiones ſæpiùs recurrant, quia ſcilicet ſingulis annis, Saturnus minoris <lb></lb>arcus intervallo, à Stellis versùs Ortum relinquitur, ac proinde revolu<lb></lb>tionis Conjunctionum periodus brevior eſt; igitur citiùs ab Apogæo ad <lb></lb>Perigæum deſcendit, imo inter diſtantias Saturni Apogæi & Perigæi à <lb></lb>centro mundi, longè minor eſt proportio inæqualitatis, quàm inter di<lb></lb>ſtantias Martis Apogæi & Perigæi, ab eodem mundi centro; etiam aſſum<lb></lb>ptis Axibus acceſſuum & receſſuum æqualibus, v. g. ſit diſtantia Saturni <lb></lb>Apogæi 100. Perigæi 90. Martis vero Apogæi 50. Perigæi 40. vtrinque <lb></lb>aſſumitur idem Axis, id eſt, eadem differentia diſtantiarum, ſcilicet 10. <lb></lb>eſt autem major ratio 50. ad 40. ſcilicet 1/4 quam ad 90. ſcilicet <gap></gap>. ſed ita <lb></lb>ſe habent motus, vt diſtantiæ; igitur vt Saturnus in Apogæo tantulùm <lb></lb>versùs Ortum excurrit, ita & in Perigæo versùs Occaſum; Hîc enim Stel<lb></lb>lam poſt ſe relinquit; illic verò à Stella retro relinquitur; igitur modicum <lb></lb>arcum in ſingulis revolutionibus, tum directo, tum retrogrado motu <lb></lb>decurrit: Mars verò longè majorem. </s> <s id="s.000282">Sit ergo Mars directus in M, Sa<lb></lb>turnus in I, cùm Mars longè majorem arcum directus decurrat, quàm <lb></lb>Saturnus, conjungitur tandem Saturno versùs Ortum, ita vt primùm pars <lb></lb>ortiva Martis cum occidua Saturni coëant: Sit verò Saturnus retrogra<lb></lb>dus in I, ſitque Mars in N etiam retrogradus, cùm hic etiam longè ma<lb></lb>jorem arcum decurrat retrogrado motu, jungetur Saturno versùs Occa<lb></lb>ſum, pars ſcilicet Occidua Martis, cum Ortiva Saturni: Si vero Mars ſit <lb></lb>directus in M, exiſtente Sole inter CB, alter versùs alterum fertur, <lb></lb>jungentúrque inter FM, quo loco Mars directus eſſe poteſt, & Saturnus <lb></lb>retrogradus, nempe Martis ſtatio eſt infrà trigonum aſpectum, Saturni <lb></lb>verò paulò infrà quadratum; hinc motus Saturni retrogradus diuturnioſ <lb></lb>eſt, licèt in minore arcu fiat; quid mirum igitur, ſi in eodem loco con<lb></lb>juncti eſſe poſſint Mars & Saturnus; licèt hic ſit retrogradus, ille directus; <lb></lb>eadem ratio probat Saturno retrogrado etiam Iovem directum jungi poſſe; <lb></lb>& Iovi retrogrado Martem directum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000283"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000284"> Nunquam profectò mihi perſuaſiſſem ex principiis Phyſicis, <lb></lb>hæc tam facilè demonſtrari potuiſſe; tota res eò reducitur, Saturnum eo <lb></lb>velocitatis gradu moveri, vt paulò infrà mediocrem diſtantiam, æquè <lb></lb>citò ſuum circulum diurnum decurrat, ac Stellæ ſuum. </s> <s id="s.000285">Iupiter verò <lb></lb>adhuc infrà, quaſi in trigono; Mars demùm infrà trigonum; idem autem <lb></lb>futuris ſæculis futurum eſt; cùm eundem velocitatis gradum hi Planetæ <lb></lb>ſervaturi ſint, cum gemina illa inclinatione, de qua ſuprà; ex hoc enim <lb></lb>illa, de quibus hucuſque diſſeruimus, neceſſariò conſequuntur; nam <lb></lb>Saturnus altior motum retrogradum diuturniorem habet; licèt in mino<lb></lb>re arcu, quàm Iupiter & Mars, directus verò breviorem, Idem dicitur <lb></lb>de Iove reſpectu Martis; hinc revolutio ſeu temporis periodus Saturni, <lb></lb>illa ſcilicet, quæ inter duas Conjunctiones intercipitur, brevior eſt, <lb></lb>quàm Iovis, & huius etiam, quàm Martis brevior; hinc frequentiores <lb></lb>recurrunt ſtationes in Saturno, quàm in Iove, & in hoc, quà in in Mar<lb></lb>te; hinc Saturnus minorem arcum Eclypticæ decurrit, tum directo, tum <lb></lb>retrogrado motu; quia ſcilicet parum differt illius circulus diurnus confe-<pb pagenum="24" xlink:href="025/01/028.jpg"></pb>ctus in Perigæo, à circulo decurſo in Apogæo ; Eſt enim minor propor<lb></lb>tio vnius ad alium; hinc per plures dies ſtare videtur; quia licèt reipſa <lb></lb>non ſtet, tam parum tamen promovetur & recedit à Stella, seu versùs <lb></lb>Ortum, ſeu versùs Occaſum, vt eandem à Stella diſtantiam ſervare vi<lb></lb>deatur; Cuncta hæc ita perſpicua ſunt, vt negari profectò non poſſint, quale <lb></lb>do vltrò in hac tua hypotheſi, huiuſmodi paſſiones Planetarum æquè facilè <lb></lb>explicari atque in mea. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000286"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000287"> Imò longè faciliùs & cum multiplici prærogativa: Nam pri<lb></lb>mò ſimpliciſſimum motum adhibeo; realem ſcilicet & æquabilem, circa <lb></lb>mundi Centrum; tu verò duos, & fortè plures, eóſque minimè æquabi<lb></lb>les; vtrumque in Excentrico circa centra ad libitum excogitata & ficta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000288">Secundo, nunquam vides Planetam extrà Perigæum & Apogæum, in eo <lb></lb>vero loco in quo eſt, ac proinde perpetuæ fallaciæ ſubjaces; ego in eo <lb></lb>loco, in quo reverà eſt, Planetam video. </s> <s id="s.000289">Tertiò, tu ſenſum decipi <lb></lb>aſſeris, quamvis rectè applicatum; ego vt & in aliis minimè falli repo<lb></lb>no, nec quiſquam hoc jure adſtruat, niſi aliqua ratione fretus. </s> <s id="s.000290">Quartò; <lb></lb>denique habeo in mea cauſas Phyſicas, eáſque tritas & vulgares in doctri<lb></lb>na motuum, iſtorum omnium effectuum, Apogæi ſcilicet, Perigæi, accelera<lb></lb>tionis, retardationis, &c. </s> <s id="s.000291">Tu verò meras fallacias, & oculorum illuſiones <lb></lb>eſſe contendis. </s> <s id="s.000292">Igitur non æquè facilè in tua hypotheſi, ac in mea, res iſta ex<lb></lb>plicatur, ſed in mea longè faciliùs, planiùs, &, vt ſic loquar, connaturaliùs. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000293"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000294"> Vt vt ſit, quoad hæc, antequam ad alia, quæ fortè magis vrgent, <lb></lb>accedam, ex te ſcire vellem, quonam modo latitudinem Planetarum in tua <lb></lb>hypotheſi explices; quod eò libentiùs audiam, quò mirabilior mihi videtur <lb></lb>ille modus, quo in hypotheſi noſtra explicatur; in qua ſuppoſita orbitæ ex<lb></lb>centricæ Planetæ inclinatione ad planum Eclypticæ, latitudinis variatio per <lb></lb>diverſum terræ mobilis <expan abbr="ſitũ">ſitum</expan> optimè explicatur; nempè arcus, qui maximam <lb></lb>latitudinem metitur, in limitibus ſub majore vel minore angulo apparet, <lb></lb>quo remotior, vel propior oculus ſtatuetur; quod vt in ſchemate explicem, <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.028.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/028/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Sit centrum mundi A, planum ecli<lb></lb>pticæ EGKH, excentricus FGI <lb></lb>H, cuius centrum eſt in D ; nodi G <lb></lb>H, arcus inclinationis excentrici F <lb></lb>E, IK, Telluris orbita BLCM. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000295">Sit Terra in B, Planeta in limite Bo<lb></lb>reali F ; apparebit prædictus arcus <lb></lb>ſub angulo FBE, poſita verò Terra <lb></lb>in C, apparebit ſub angulo FCE, <lb></lb>qui priore minor eſt; Si verò ſtatua<lb></lb>tur in limite Auſtrali, I & Terra ſit <lb></lb>in C, videbitur arcus IK ſub an<lb></lb>gulo ICK, & ex B ſub angulo <lb></lb>IBK, ſed ex Optica, perſpi<lb></lb>cuum eſt, angulum ICK majorem <lb></lb>eſſe angulo FBE, quia CI minor <pb pagenum="25" xlink:href="025/01/029.jpg"></pb>eſt BF; hinc phænomena illa, ſen potiùs generalia pronuntiata clariſſimè <lb></lb>explicantur, ſcilicet Planetæ oppoſiti in eodem limite majorem eſſe Lati<lb></lb>tudinem, quàm conjuncti; item Planetæ oppoſiti in limite Auſtrino, La<lb></lb>titudinem majorem eſſe quàm in Boreali; vides, quàm clarè & perſpicuè <lb></lb>in mea hypotheſi hæc explicentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000296"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000297"> Fateor, hæc non ſine plauſu ab hominibus excepta fuiſſe; ſed <lb></lb>re penitiùs conſiderata, ſummæ difficultates etiamnum reſtant, quibus <lb></lb>ſuperandis tuæ hypotheſeos aſſertores fruſtrà omninò deſudârunt, immò <lb></lb>nequidem inter ſe conveniunt, ſi rectè memini, in definienda huiuſmo<lb></lb>di Planetarum latitudine, excentricorum inclinatione, Nodorum, & <lb></lb>Apogæi motu, limitum libratione; atque adeò vltro fatentur, adhuc opus <lb></lb>eſſe novis Obſervationibus, ad rem hanc meliùs ſtatuendam. </s> <s id="s.000298">In mea <lb></lb>hypotheſi res ſatis expeditè explicatur, per ſecundam illam inclinationem <lb></lb>à Tropicis ad Æquatorem, & viciſſim, juxtà rationem motus accelerati <lb></lb>& retardati; cùm autem Mars modò citiùs, modò tardiùs orbem ſuum <lb></lb>decurrat, quàm Stellæ ſuum, ſemper verò citiùs quàm Sol, niſi fortè <lb></lb>Mars ſit in Apogæo, & Sol in Perigæo, & cùm motus ſecundæ inclina<lb></lb>tionis tardiùs fiat in Marte quàm in Sole; cùm demùm Mars ab Æqua<lb></lb>tore declinare poſſit versùs Boream & Auſtrum, gradib. </s> <s id="s.000299">circiter 25. ex <lb></lb>his ſequitur, latitudo Martis, eaque varia, cùm aliquando relinquat <lb></lb>Eclipticam versùs Boream, vbi diſcedit à Nodo, in Signis deſcendenti<lb></lb>bus, in aſcendentibus verò, versùs Auſtrum; variatur etiam Latitudo ex <lb></lb>varia diſtantia Martis. </s> <s id="s.000300">Cæterùm vnum obſerves velim, optime Augu<lb></lb>ſtine, nullum mortalium hactenùs ad iuſtos calculos minorum Planeta<lb></lb>rum, immò nec fortè Lunæ latitudinem reduxiſſe; præſertim Martis, vt <lb></lb>vel ipſe Keplerus vltrò fatetur, qui vult, hæc latere in pandectis <lb></lb>æternitatis; hinc tot excentrici, epicycli, circelli, deviationes, incli<lb></lb>nationes, reflexiones, librationes, centra diverſa, excentricitates; ne<lb></lb>que adhuc Martem Aſtronomi tot tamque variis & multiplicatis retibus <lb></lb>comprehendere potuerunt; vtor igitur, ad calculos, qualibet hypotheſi, <lb></lb>vt Aſtrologus; vt Philoſophus eam dumtaxat admitto, quæ cum princi<lb></lb>piis Phyſicis conſentit; calculi verò difficultas ex eo provenit, quod ſint <lb></lb>ferè innumeræ combinationes Apogæorum Solis & Martis; <expan abbr="Nodorũ">Nodorum</expan> item, <lb></lb>qui versùs Ortum in conſequentia promoveri videntur; nempè ex diver<lb></lb>ſo Nodorum & Apogæorum loco ac ſitu, diverſa Latitudinis mutatio ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò ſequitur. </s> <s id="s.000301">Hæc in Saturno & Iove etiam locum habent; atque <lb></lb>adeò, ni fallor, ex dictis habes, in mea hypotheſi, trium ſuperiorum <lb></lb>Planetarum paſſiones haud difficulter explicari, idque per principia Phy<lb></lb>ſica, quæ ex doctrina moruum ſupponimus: quare ſi me audis, ac tibi <lb></lb>putas à me factum eſſe ſatis, exprome alia argumenta, ſi quæ ſuppetunt <lb></lb>pro tua hypotheſi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000302"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000303"> Veneris & Mercurij Conjunctiones in Copernicana hypo<lb></lb>theſi, ea claritudine explicantur, qua neſcio, an major excogitari poſſit, <lb></lb>itémque Apogæa & Perigæa, tum etiam aliorum Planetarum ſuperiorum, <lb></lb>ſed jam prævideo, quid pro tua hypotheſi de hoc argumento dicturus ſis. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="26" xlink:href="025/01/030.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000304"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000305"> Apogæa & Perigæa facillimè in mea hypotheſi explicantur per <lb></lb>ſimplicem motum æquabilem realiter, vt aiunt, inæqualem verò appa<lb></lb>renter, prima illa inclinatione, de qua ſuprà, inſtructum; Apogæum au<lb></lb>tem eſt ſemper circa Conjunctionem, & Perigæum circa Oppoſitionem; <lb></lb>quia ii diſtantiæ fines ſupponuntur, iſque velocitatis gradus impreſſus vel <lb></lb>acquiſitus, quibus ſuppoſitis, æqualia ſint tempora acceſſus atque re<lb></lb>ceſſus, & ſemirevolutionis Conjunctionum & Oppoſitionum; Sed hæc <lb></lb>abundè ſuprà explicata ſunt; quare ad Venerem & Mercurium iam venio; <lb></lb>quorum motus in mea hypotheſi æquè facilè explicantur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.030.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/030/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000306">Sit enim centrum mundi B, <lb></lb>orbita Solis ADCE, Apo<lb></lb>gæum Veneris S, Perigæum I, <lb></lb>mediocris diſtantia D: ſuppo<lb></lb>namus Venerem eo gradu ve<lb></lb>locitatis moveri, qui minor <lb></lb>ſit illo, quo Sol movetur, ita <lb></lb>vt inter diſtantias BS, BN, <lb></lb>tardiùs quàm Sol ſuum orbem <lb></lb>decurrat, citiùs verò inter <lb></lb>diſtantias BN, BI. </s> <s id="s.000307">Itaque <lb></lb>ſit Venus in Apogæo S, mo<lb></lb>vetur Occaſum versùs ſimpli<lb></lb>ciſſimo motu, ſimúlque ac<lb></lb>cedit ad mediocrem <expan abbr="diſtãtiam">diſtantiam</expan> <lb></lb>BD, relinquitur autem à Sole <lb></lb>versùs Ortum, aſſumptòque <lb></lb>ſegmento acceſſus SO, Ve<lb></lb>nus erit in P, digreſſa ſcilicet <lb></lb>à Sole angulo DBP; addito <lb></lb>verò ſegmento acceſſus OD, erit Venus in mediocri diſtantia, digreſſa <lb></lb>à Sole arcu DL; aſſumpto porrò ſegmento receſſus DN, erit in M ter<lb></lb>mino maximæ digreſſionis, quam metitur angulus DBM grad. circiter 47. <lb></lb>in M erit ſtationaria reſpectu Solis, cùm nec ab eo vltrà digredi, nec ad <lb></lb>illum accedere videatur; Dum verò abſolvit aliud ſegmentum receſſus <lb></lb>NI, redire ad Solem videtur, quia ſuos orbes citiùs decurrit vtpote mi<lb></lb>nores, donec tandem ad Perigæum I perveniat; MI accedit proximè ad <lb></lb>lineam rectam; idem ſtatuatur pro acceſſu ab I, ad D, & receſſu à D ad <lb></lb>S, eritque figura integra cuius ſemifiguram tantùm hîc habes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000308"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000309"> Cur amabo cum Tyconicis Epicyclum FHKG non aſſumis, <lb></lb>in quo eadem ſalvabis phænomena, non verò figuram irregularem & in<lb></lb>cognitam? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000310"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000311"> Multa obſtant, quo minùs Epicyclum adhibeam. </s> <s id="s.000312">Primò, <lb></lb>Licet Venus plus temporis ponat ab Apogæo ad maximam digreſſionem, <lb></lb>quàm ab hac ad Perigæum, non tamen iuxtà proportionem acceptam in <lb></lb>Epicyclo: Sit enim arcus DV 45. grad. ducatur BV, tum perpendicularis <pb pagenum="27" xlink:href="025/01/031.jpg"></pb>DR, hæc erit ſemidiameter Epicycli, quanquam aſſumpto angulo maxi<lb></lb>mæ digreſſionis grad. 47. ſemidiameter Epicycli erit paulo maior quàm <lb></lb>DR; ſed ſit vt DR; haud dubiè arcus FHR eſt triplus arcus RK. Igitur <lb></lb>tempus poſitum ab Apogæo ad maximam digreſſionem triplum eſt illius, <lb></lb>quod ponitur à maxima digreſſione ad Perigæum, ſed reverà triplum non <lb></lb>eſt, ſed in minore proportione. </s> <s id="s.000313">Secundò BF eſt ad BK ferè vt 12. ad 2. <lb></lb>Igitur cùm circuli ſint vt diametri, circulus quem Venus decurrit in Apo<lb></lb>gæo F, eſſet dodecuplus illius, quem conficit in Perigæo K ; immo & in <lb></lb>maiore proportione, cum angulus maximæ digreſſionis ſit maior angulo <lb></lb>grad.45. nempe ad gradus 48. immò & 49. nonnunquam accedit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000314"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc eadem ratio contra te militat, nam ſuppoſita tua hy<lb></lb>potheſi, BS erit ſaltem dupla BI, igitur circulus, quem Venus decurrit <lb></lb>ſub radio BS, eſt duplus illius, quem decurrit ſub radio BI, hunc igitur <lb></lb>ſuppoſito motu ſemper æquabili, vt dicis, ſub duplo etiam tempore Ve<lb></lb>nus decurrit, quod tamen Phænomenis non conſentit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000315"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000316"> Mentem meam omnino aſſecutus es, & rectè contra me con<lb></lb>cluderes, ſi radium BS duplum radij BI ponere cogerer; ſed vt tute ſcis, <lb></lb>in exemplis non requiritur veritas; re igitur ipſa provt diverſa ratio motus <lb></lb>poſtularit, Apogæum & Perigæum ad D propiùs ſtatuam: ex his autem <lb></lb>vides, quàm facilè omnia explicentur, primò poſt Conjunctionem Apo<lb></lb>gæam, Venus versùs ortum à Sole digreditur, quia tardiùs Sole movetur <lb></lb>versùs occaſum. </s> <s id="s.000317">Secundò Venus vbi ad mediocrem diſtantiam pervenit, <lb></lb>puta in L, adhuc vltra digreditur, quia tardiùs Sole movetur. </s> <s id="s.000318">Tertiò nun<lb></lb>quam opponitur Soli; quia antequam perveniat ad <expan abbr="Quadraturã">Quadraturam</expan> cum Sole, <lb></lb>citiùs quàm Sol orbem ſuum decurrit; igitur à Sole vltra non digreditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000319">Quartò plus temporis ponit ab Apogæo S, ad maximam digreſſionem M, <lb></lb>quàm ab hac ad Perigæum; quia tempus acceſſus SL, æquale eſt tempori <lb></lb>receſſus LMI, ſed MI citiùs decurritur quàm LMI; eſt enim pars mi<lb></lb>nor toto. </s> <s id="s.000320">Secundò versùs Apogæum promoveri videtur in conſequentia; <lb></lb>versùs Perigæum in antecedentia; quia versùs Apogæum tardiùs, versùs <lb></lb>Perigæum citiùs orbem ſuum abſolvit, ab ortu ſcilicet ad occaſum. </s> <s id="s.000321">Sextò <lb></lb>Emerſio Veneris poſt Conjunctionem Apogæam, eſt veſpertina; quia Ve<lb></lb>nus à Sole versùs ortum digreditur, poſt Conjunctionem Perigæam, eſt <lb></lb>matutina; quia Venus Solem poſt ſe relinquit verſus ortum: ergo in illa <lb></lb>apparet veſpere, in hac verò mane; ſed paulò ante Apogæum fit immerſio <lb></lb>matutina; quia cum Venus tunc ſpectet Solem versùs ortum, mane appa<lb></lb>ret, & cùm Sol eam aſſequatur, mane immergitur; at paulo poſt ante Pe<lb></lb>rigæum, fit immerſio veſpertina; quia cùm Venus tunc Solem ſpectet <lb></lb>verſus occaſum, veſpere apparet, & cùm Solem aſſequatur, veſpere im<lb></lb>mergitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000322"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000323"> Sed quid de hac linea SPL, aliquis ſortè putaret eſſe para<lb></lb>bolam; hoc enim aliquando ſaltem amicis innuere viſus es. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000324"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000325"> Multa haud dubiè conſideranda ſunt, vt ritè definiatur, quæ <lb></lb>& qualis ſit hæc linea: in modico arcu orbis vaſtiſſimi, qui ad inſtar lineæ <lb></lb>rectæ aſſumi poteſt, pro parabola, phyſicè loquendo, accipi poteſt, & <pb pagenum="28" xlink:href="025/01/032.jpg"></pb>hoc ipſum eſt, quod iam aliàs innui cùm de Saturno confabularer; nem<lb></lb>pe ex duplici motu recto, altero ſcilicet naturaliter accelerato, altero <lb></lb>æquabïli, hæc linea parabolica naſcitur, vt multi demonſtrarunt. </s> <s id="s.000326">Dixi <lb></lb>phyſicè loquendo, quia neque arcus circuli eſt linea recta, neque lineæ <lb></lb>ductæ ad idem centrum ſunt parallelæ, neque fortè motus apparens in <lb></lb>illo arcu eſt æquabilis. </s> <s id="s.000327">At verò in Venere, in qua longè maior arcus aſſu<lb></lb>mitur, vt DL, cùm hic aſſumi non poſſit, vt linea recta, quæ ſit baſis ſemi<lb></lb>parabolæ, linea SPL non eſt, etiam phyſicè loquendo, parabolica. </s> <s id="s.000328">Vt <lb></lb>autem nonnihil, obiter ſaltem, indicem, ſit BN radius illius circuli, quem <lb></lb>Venus æquali tempore cum Sole decurrit, ſit vt BS ad SN, ita circulus <lb></lb>ſub radio BC ad arcum SX; ſit SO ſegmentum acceſſus ducto ex B <lb></lb>arcu OP, ducetur linea per punctum P: pari modo alia puncta habebun<lb></lb>tur; cogita punctum S moveri per SD motu accelerato, & ſimul cum axe <lb></lb>BS versùs X, circa centrum B, initio, velociùs: ſub finem, tardiùs; deſcri<lb></lb>bet curvam SPL, quæ eſt ſpecies quædam ſpiralis, ſeu fortè nova quæ<lb></lb>dam ſpecies parabolæ, in qua, arcus paralleli in locum applicatarum <lb></lb>ſubſtituuntur; ita vt v.g. quadratum OP ad quadratum DL, ſit vt SO, <lb></lb>ad SD, & vt tantulum Geometrizemus, cùm hæc figura ſit homogenea <lb></lb>ſemiparabolæ, ſunt enim arcus vt applicatæ, ſi ducatur arcus LD in 1/<gap></gap> SD, <lb></lb>habebitur area dictæ figuræ: ſi autem idem arcus DL ducatur in 1/<gap></gap> DB, <lb></lb>habebitur ſector BLD. </s> <s id="s.000329">Igitur figura SLD eſt ad dictum ſectorem, vt <lb></lb>1/<gap></gap> SD ad 1/<gap></gap> DB. </s> <s id="s.000330">Sit etiam vt BD ad BS, ita BS ad tertiam BF, erit ſector <lb></lb>BLD ad ſectorem BHS, vt BD ad BF; ſunt enim ſectores ſimiles in <lb></lb>duplicata; igitur ſector BLD ad reliquum trapezium LHSD vt BD <lb></lb>ad DF, vel vt 1/<gap></gap> BD ad 1/<gap></gap> DF. </s> <s id="s.000331">Igitur LSD ad dictum trapezium vt 1/<gap></gap> SD <lb></lb>ad 1/<gap></gap> FD; igitur LSD ad reliquum triangulum SHL vt 1/<gap></gap> DS ad <gap></gap> DF <lb></lb>minùs 1/<gap></gap> SD. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000332"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc mihi non parum arrident; ſed omitte quæſo hæc Geo<lb></lb>metrica, alioquin vix ab iis te abſtrahere potero; probè igitur intelligo, <lb></lb>quomodo in hac tua hypotheſi, omnia quorum huc vſque meminiſti Ve<lb></lb>neris Phænomena explicentur; nonnulla tamen ſuperſunt, quæ fortè plus <lb></lb>negotij faceſſunt v.g. cur maxima Veneris declinatio modò maior ſit, <lb></lb>modò minor, cur Venus aliquando matutina, ſimul & veſpertina eodem <lb></lb>die videatur; cur eiuſdem latitudo Borealis ſit maior quàm Auſtralis, alia<lb></lb>que hujuſmodi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000333"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000334"> Parum negotij cuncta hæc mihi faceſſunt, ſecus fortè vobis <lb></lb>ac proinde tot epicyclos, excentricos, circellos, librationes arcus, Ellipſ<lb></lb>ſes, Epicyclorum Epicyclos multiplicatis; quibus etiam admiſſis, vix fi<lb></lb>nem vobis propoſitum obtinetis; itaque illa omnia cum meo ſimpliciſſimo <lb></lb>motu facillimè explico: vbi enim Venus pervenit ad M, id eſt, ad illum <lb></lb>circulum ineundum quem æquali cum Sole tempore decurrit, dum hic <lb></lb>eſt in mediocri diſtantia D ; ſi Sol ſit in Apogæo, cum in conſequentia, <lb></lb>id eſt versùs Ortum Sol plus promoveri videatur, quia maiorem circu<lb></lb>lum deſcribit, igitur tardiùs, haud dubiè Venus à Sole minùs digredi <lb></lb>videtur ad quàm Sol propiùs accedit, igitur in hoc caſu, maxima digreſ-<pb pagenum="29" xlink:href="025/01/033.jpg"></pb>ſio Veneris minor erit; ſecus accidet, ſi tunc Sol degat in Perigæo, quia <lb></lb>ſcilicet breviorem circulum, ac proinde citiùs decurrit. </s> <s id="s.000335">Igitur versùs Oc<lb></lb>caſum longiùs à Venere amovetur, hinc maior huius digreſſio, quæ dein<lb></lb>de pro diverſo loco Solis diverſa erit. </s> <s id="s.000336">Minima igitur inter maximas fiet <lb></lb>Sole exiſtente in Apogæo ; exempli gratia; maxima verò Sole exiſtente <lb></lb>in Perigæo, media denique, Sole mediocrem diſtantiam tenente, variæ <lb></lb>deinde pro variis locis, in quibus Sol ab Apogæo vel Perigæo plùs, vel <lb></lb>minùs diſtat. </s> <s id="s.000337">Quod verò ſpectat ad alterum poſtulatum, æquè facile ex<lb></lb>plico; cùm enim latitudo Borealis veneris maior ſit quàm auſtralis, ſup<lb></lb>ponamus Venerem non procul à Perigæo cum latitudine Boreali 9. grad. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000338">Sole v. g. exiſtente iuxta Tropicum Capricorni, arcus diurnus Veneris, <lb></lb>longè maior eſt, arcu diurno Solis, vt patet ex vulgaribus tabulis; quid <lb></lb>mirum; igitur, ſi & ante Solem oriatur, & poſt illum occidat; ac pro<lb></lb>inde mane & ſero ſeſe videndam præbeat? </s> <s id="s.000339">neque hic reſtat vlla difficultas, <lb></lb>niſi fortè cur latitudo Borealis Veneris ſit maior auſtrali, cum tamen Mer<lb></lb>curij latitudo Auſtralis Boreali maior ſit; partim à Sole ratio petenda eſt, <lb></lb>cuius ſcilicet Apogæum modò eſt in ſignis Borealibus, modo in Auſtra<lb></lb>libus, partim à diverſis Coniunctionum & maximarum digreſſionum lo<lb></lb>cis, ex quibus diverſæ latitudinis ratio ſequitur; v. g. ſupponamus ma<lb></lb>ximam digreſſionem veſpertinam in. </s> <s id="s.000340">1. gradu Acietis abſque vlla latitu<lb></lb>dine, erit Sol v.g. in grad. 15. Piſcium, cùm autem hinc Venus cendat <lb></lb>versùs Perigæum, & ſuos orbes citiùs Sole perficiat, haud dubiè ſtatim <lb></lb>relinquit Eclipticam verſus Ortum & Auſtrum; vnde ſequitur latitudo <lb></lb>Borealis & tardiſſimus motus in conſequentia, donec tandem fiat re<lb></lb>trograda, & paulò poſt Coniungatur Soli Perigæa, nec non tamdiu du<lb></lb>ret retrogradatio poſt Coniunctionem, quamdiu duravit ante Coniun<lb></lb>ctionem, creſcente ſemper latitudine Boreali; donec ad maximam di<lb></lb>greſſionem matutinam perveniat, modò ſit in ſignis aſcedentibus, id eſt <lb></lb>à principio Capricorni ad principium Cancri. </s> <s id="s.000341">Si autem ſupponamus ibi<lb></lb>dem Planetam, ſcilicet in 1. grad. Arietis abſque latitudine, in digreſ<lb></lb>ſione maxima matutina, Sol erit v. g. in gr. 15. Geminorum, vt patet, <lb></lb>& cùm Venus hinc tendat verſus Apogæum, Orbes ſuos tardiùs Sole <lb></lb>decurrere incipit; Igitur relinquit Eclipticam versùs Occaſum & Bo<lb></lb>ream vnde ſequitur latitudo Auſtralis, quæ continuo creſcit versùs Can<lb></lb>crum: hæc forte regula generalis ſtatui poſſet, Venetis latitudo Borea<lb></lb>lis, quamdiu movetur tardiùs Sole, id eſt à maxima digreſſione matutina <lb></lb>vſque ad maximam veſpertinam, in Signis aſcendentibus, decreſcit, in deſ<lb></lb>cendentibus creſcit; contra verò Auſtralis in aſcendentibus creſcit, & <lb></lb>decreſcit in deſcendentibus; quamdiu verò movetur citiùs Sole, latitudo bo<lb></lb>realis in aſcendentibus creſcit, in deſcendentibus decreſcit, in his demum <lb></lb>Auſtralis creſcit & decreſcit in illis; cùm autem ſint ferè innumeræ con<lb></lb>iugationes, Signorum aſcendentium & deſcendentium, coniunctionum, <lb></lb>digreſſionum, itemque Apogæi & Perigæi; Veneris & Solis; quid mi<lb></lb>rum, ſi tanta varietas in Phænomenis deprehenſa Aſtronomos eò adegerit, <lb></lb>vt fateantur vltro, certum Syſtema Veneris, in quo omnia Phænomena <pb pagenum="30" xlink:href="025/01/034.jpg"></pb>explicentur nondum ſtatui poſſe, riſi plures & magis accuratæ Obſerva<lb></lb>tiones fiant. </s> <s id="s.000342">Porrò cum Venus proximè ad terram accedat, & circa hori-<lb></lb>zontem vt plurimum Obſervetur, non eſt dubium, quin refractio eius La<lb></lb>titudinem non parum mutet, ac proinde valde difficile ſit, certam regu<lb></lb>lam ex Obſervationibus, quæ tot fallaciis oculorum ſubjiciuntur ſtatuere; <lb></lb>ſed ne ſim prolixior, & ſaltem extra chorum, hæc omitto, cùm manifeſtè <lb></lb>conſtet, in qualibet hypotheſi ; hæc valde difficilè explicari; in ea tamen, <lb></lb>quam indicavi longè faciliùs. </s> <s id="s.000343">De Mercurio nihil dico, quia eadem pro <lb></lb>illo faciunt, quæ de Venere diximus, niſi quòd ſuas revolutiones citiùs <lb></lb>abſolvit, minuſque digreditur à Sole, quàm Venus; ac proinde illius Ob<lb></lb>ſervationes longè difficiliores. </s> <s id="s.000344">De diverſis phaſibus horum Planetarum <lb></lb>nihil etiam dico; quia non dubitas; opinor, quin facillimè citra veſtram <lb></lb>hypotheſim explicentur: quare his peractis, vide quæſo, vtrùm alia pro <lb></lb>tua hypotheſi ſuppetant argumenta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000345"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000346"> Omiſſis Aſtronomis, quæ haud dubiè ſatis feliciter ſolviſti, <lb></lb>alia duo ſunt, quæ magnum noſtræ hypotheſi plauſum pepererunt, pri<lb></lb>mùm petitur à maris æſtu, alterum à Magnete: quod ad primum ſpectat, <lb></lb>ſupponimus, Terram moveri motu quodam mixto ex motu orbis & cen<lb></lb>tri, quaſi ad inſtar rotæ in plano, vt iam ſupra inſinuaſti, ac proinde par<lb></lb>tes illius inæquali motu ferri, alias tardiùs, alias velociùs. </s> <s id="s.000347">Suppono præ<lb></lb>tereà aquam in vaſe, ſeu cymba vectam, vbi cymba motum remittit, ex<lb></lb>currere versùs illam partem, in quam cymba tendit; in oppoſitam verò, <lb></lb>vbi cymba motum accelerat, cogita quæſo aquam Occani, quaſi in vaſtiſ<lb></lb>ſima concha, à Globo Terræ delatam & circumactam, ſed dicto motu <lb></lb>inæquali, haud dubiè vbi motus acceleratur, aqua versù; Occaſum ex<lb></lb>currit, vbi remittitur, versùs Ortum: En tibi germanam cauſam æſtus <lb></lb>marini, quæ certè, vt cum noſtra hypotheſi optimè conſentit, ita in aliis <lb></lb>explicari non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000348"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000349"> Negare non poſſum, quin hoc fuerit ingenioſum inventum, <lb></lb>fictum tamen & commentitium. </s> <s id="s.000350">Primo enim ita æſtus diurnus ſuas pe<lb></lb>riodos metitur, vt ad motum Lunæ dumtaxat, diurnum ſcilicet, non <lb></lb>Solis aut Terræ ſeſe componat; nam ſummi æſtus, vel ſummæ aquarum <lb></lb>elevationis terminus eſt Luna meridiana, tum in hoc, tum in oppoſito <lb></lb>hemiſphærio; principium verò eſt eadem Luna, Quadrante circuli di<lb></lb>ſtans à Meridiano: Igitur Luna exiſtente in Meridiano, æſtus creſcere <lb></lb>deſinit, decreſcere incipit, remota vero Quadrante circuli à Meridiano, <lb></lb>hinc inde æſtus decreſcere deſinit, & creſcere incipit: rem ita fieri per <lb></lb>ſe conſtantiſſimum eſt, habeturque ex indubitatis Obſervationibus; licèt <lb></lb>autem per accidens fieri poſſit, vt crementum decremento inæquale ſit; <lb></lb>hoc tamen non obſtat, quin poſtero die dementum incipiat eadem hora <lb></lb>Lunari, ac proinde 48. minutis tardiùs, quàm pridie. </s> <s id="s.000351">Quid autem ad <lb></lb>hæc, Auguſtine mi, Terræ motus conferat, nemo capiat; cùm enim ea<lb></lb>dem motus inæqualitas, eadem ſemper hora, eidem Æquatoris terreſtris <lb></lb>globi puncto inſit, idem ſemper effectus ex eadem inæqualitate, ea<lb></lb>dem hora ſequi deberet: igitur eadem hora ſemper eſſet ſummum cre-<pb pagenum="31" xlink:href="025/01/035.jpg"></pb>mentum æſtus, eadem, ſummum decrementum; quod tamen omnibus <lb></lb>Obſervationibus repugnat: ſi enim hac ipſa die, Luna in Meridie ſci<lb></lb>licet exiſtente, ſit ſummum crementum æſtus hora meridiana, vt ſit in no<lb></lb>vilunio, craſtina die, idem ſummum crementum erit minutis 48. circiter <lb></lb>poſt Meridiem; & tertio poſt die hora, 1. 36. minutis poſt Meridiem, at<lb></lb>que ita deinceps; idem de Plenilunio dicendum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000352"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000353"> Ita fortè diſponi poſſunt prædicti duo motus, orbis ſcilicet <lb></lb>& centri, vt motus mixtus inde reſultans tales in æſtu mutationes pro<lb></lb>ducat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000354"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000355"> Nullo ſané modo id fieri poſſe, omni aſſeveratione affirmo; quod <lb></lb>vt clariùs exponam. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.035.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/035/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000356">Sit A Centrum mundi, DBLC orbita terræ, vel magnus orbis, D cen<lb></lb>trum terræ, quam paulò majorem deſcribo, ne parvitas orbis confuſio<lb></lb>nem patiat; dum centrum D movetur versùs B, ita volvitur circulus cir<lb></lb>ca D, vt Eversùs I, & F, versùs H tendat. </s> <s id="s.000357">Vnde reſultat ex vtroque mo<lb></lb>tu æquabili motus mixtus omnino inæqualis; nempe ab H in I, per E; <lb></lb>additur motus orbis, motui centri; id eſt ſpatio decurſo ſolo motu cen<lb></lb>tri, ſpatium æquale diametro IH ; ab I verò in H per F, idem ſpatium <lb></lb>detrahitur ſpatio decurſo motu centri, hinc ab H in E, acelerationis cre<lb></lb>menta, ſuprà motum centri, ſunt in ratione ſinuum verſorum arcuum <lb></lb>decurſorum; ab E in I, in ratione ſinuum rectorum; decrementa pariter <lb></lb>ab I in F, ſunt in ratione ſinuum verſorum; ab F verò in H, in ratione <pb pagenum="32" xlink:href="025/01/036.jpg"></pb>ſinuum rectorum: Vnde in E eſt maxima acceleratio; in F maxima retar<lb></lb>datio, in I & H merus motus centri conſideratur: itaque ab H in I per E, <lb></lb>aqua Oceani juxta ea, quæ dicis, versùs Occaſum excurrere deberer; ab <lb></lb>I verò in H per F, versùs Ortum; Igitur in E ſemper eſſet maximus excur<lb></lb>ſionis motus versùs Occaſum; in F versùs Ortum; in I & H quies; quan<lb></lb>tum hæc Obſervationibus repugnent, omnibus rerum iſtarum peritis cogi<lb></lb>tandum relinquo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000358"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000359"> Quid ſi aliquis diceret, Nautis in hoc fidem habendam non <lb></lb>eſſe, qui forte ad libitum prædictas ad Lunam habitudines marino æſtui <lb></lb>affinxerunt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000360"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000361"> Cuique ſuæ artis perito credendum eſſe, optima ratio poſtu<lb></lb>lat, præſertim ſi periti omnes illius artis aliquid aſſerant, quod alioquin <lb></lb>nihil illorum intereſt. </s> <s id="s.000362">Cùm igitur Naucleri omnes periti, & principes illi <lb></lb>autores, qui de hoc argumento ſcripſerunt, omni aſſeveratione affirment, <lb></lb>rem ita eſſe, nemo prudens fidem iis detrectet; accedit, quod illi om<lb></lb>nes, qui in litore Oceani Gallici, Britannici, Anglici, Belgici habitant <lb></lb>(neque te ad Antipodas vel Garamantas amando) omnimodam huiuſce <lb></lb>rei teſtificationem facere poſſunt, cùm illam præ oculis habeant; omitto <lb></lb>alia innumera argumenta, quibus hoc veſtrum commentum refutatur; <lb></lb>quia ſupervacaneum puto, actum iam agere, illud tamen non omitto, <lb></lb>quod præ cæteris vrgere videtur; ſuppono enim cum iis omnibus, qui <lb></lb>vel delibârunt hanc materiam, maximam eſſe vim æſtus in Plenilunio, <lb></lb>magnam etiam in Novilunio, in Quadraturis perexiguam; Quid porro ad <lb></lb>hæc terræ motus? </s> <s id="s.000363">Nihil prorſus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000364"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000365"> In Novilunio Luna propios ad Solem accedit, & minores <lb></lb>arcus decurrit, contraverò in Plenilunio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000366"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000367"> Quid in de? </s> <s id="s.000368">An fortè Luna ſuos motus in Terram derivat? </s> <s id="s.000369">Mi<lb></lb>nimè verò, alioquin maior æſtus eſſetin Quadraturis, quàm in Novilunio, <lb></lb>quod certè cum veritate minimè conſentit: deinde Terra ipſa in Novilu<lb></lb>nio tardiùs moveretur, quod nemo vnquam ſomniavit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000370"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000371"> Saltem negari non poteſt, quin terræ aut Solis motus ali<lb></lb>quid conferat ad mutationem illam æſtuum, quam omnes hucuſque cir<lb></lb>ca Æquinoctia Obſervarunt; nihil enim ad hæc Luna. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000372"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000373"> Sed quid quæſo ad hæc terræ motus? </s> <s id="s.000374">equidem in diurno ter<lb></lb>ræ motu, illa revolutio annua Globi, ad retinendum Axis Paralleliſmum, <lb></lb>aliquid facit, quod tamen ſub ſenſum non cadit: nempe motui orbis <lb></lb>opponi videtur: ſed reverà hoc nihil eſt, nec quidquam ad hanc rem fa<lb></lb>cit, vt conſideranti patebit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000375"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000376"> Quid autem ad hæc Luna, quis hominum aliquando dicat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000377"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000378"> Ego fortè minimus hominum; illam enim æſtus marini cau<lb></lb>ſam affero, quæ & communibus principiis nittitur, & ad quam cuncta <lb></lb>phænomena, quæ per ſe ex marino æſtu ſequuntur, facilè reduci poſſunt: <lb></lb>ſed cùm altioris indaginis res ſit, in alium congreſſum remittendam illam <lb></lb>eſſe putarem, ne cœpta diſceptatio intermittatur: itaque omiſſo maris <lb></lb>æſtu, quid tandem de Magnete dicis? </s> </p> <pb pagenum="33" xlink:href="025/01/037.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000379"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000380"> Facilè opinor conjicies; terram enim maiorem Magnetem <lb></lb>eſſe dicimus cum Gilberto; vnde manifeſtam cauſam ducimus perpetui <lb></lb>Axis paralleliſmi; ſic enim polorum Magneticorum axis, Axi mundi <lb></lb>ſemper eſt parallelus, id eſt, ad eandem ſemper fixam vniverſi plagam <lb></lb>converſi ſunt, immo nullum alium ab iſto Axem mundi agnoſcimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000381"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000382"> Terram Magnetem eſſe non pauci communiter negant; neque <lb></lb>rationes efficaces deſunt; ſed demus hoc in tui gratiam, & terra, vt vis, <lb></lb>ſit vaſtus Magnes: igitur illius poli ad fixa cœli puncta ſemper ſpectant; <lb></lb>rectè, quis hoc negat? </s> <s id="s.000383">Vnde ſi fortè vi ab extrinſeco impreſſa, ab hoc <lb></lb>aſpectu & ſitu amoveretur, illico ſeſe reſtitueret; optimè; quid inde? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000384">Ergo, inquies, terra movetur in orbe magno, quia illius Axis, circa <lb></lb>quem diurnos agit orbes, ſibi ipſi Parallelus ſemper eſt; nego conſe<lb></lb>quentiam; ſive enim terra moveatur, ſive quieſcat, ille Axis ad fixa ſem<lb></lb>per cœli puncta ſpectat: ergo ex hoc neutra hypotheſis probari poteſt; <lb></lb>immò potiori iure mea, quàm tua inde probatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000385"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000386"> Fortè illam ſubaudis demonſtrationem, qua ex tuis aliquis <lb></lb>noſtram hypotheſim labefactare molitus eſt. </s> <s id="s.000387">Fruſtrà licet: cùm illam <lb></lb>Gaſſendus vir toto orbe literario notus illam in Doctiſſimorum homi<lb></lb>num congreſſu, cui ſummus quidam Princeps præerat, egregiè refutavit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000388"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000389"> Certè illam demonſtrationis loco non habeo; nam nec terram <lb></lb>magnum Magnetem eſſe, puto, nec etiam ſi magnes eſſet, ad alia quæ<lb></lb>dam cœli puncta, exceptis polis, reſpectum haberet, volebat enim vir <lb></lb>ille de re Magnetica optimè meritus, Magnetem in ſphæram tornatum, <lb></lb>in eo ſemper ſitu manere, vt omnia illius puncta ad eadem ſemper vni<lb></lb>verſi puncta ſpectare debeant; quod certè variis experimentis, iiſque <lb></lb>ſelectiſſimis probare conatur; non tamen meo iudicio convincit, hoc <lb></lb>enim provenit à communi partium Magneticarum niſu, quæ Magneti <lb></lb>ita inſunt, vt ſingulæ ſphæræ Magneticæ portiones æquali vi non pol<lb></lb>leant, ſed aliæ plus, aliæ minùs; vnde fit vt ex communi omnium niſu. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000390">vnde tantùm ſitus haberi poſſit; vnde ſi ſphæra illa Magnetica æquales <lb></lb>vires in omnibus ſuis partibus haberet, æquè ille communis niſus ſuum <lb></lb>effectum ſortiretur, ſive hoc punctum versùs Ortum, ſive Occaſum ver<lb></lb>sùs collocetur: ſed, vt verum fatear, licèt ex Magnete neutra hypotheſis <lb></lb>demonſtretur, noſtræ tamen potiùs, quàm tuæ Magnes favet; primò <lb></lb>enim licèt non demus terram Magnetem eſſe, hoc tamen tecum ſuppo<lb></lb>nere poſſumus, aut ſaltem cum aliis, multas illi particulas Magneticas <lb></lb>ineſſe, quod certè ex multis experimentis probatur: præſertim ex de<lb></lb>clinatione acus Magneticæ; ſufficienti igitur virtute inſtructa eſt, vt ta<lb></lb>lem aſpectum ſemper retineat; virtute inquam particularum Magneti<lb></lb>carum, quæ inſunt, quarum etiam communi niſu, cùm inæqualiter <lb></lb>ac difformiter terreſtri globo admixtæ ſint, obtinebitur, vt non modò <lb></lb>duo terræ poli ad polos Mundi, ſed etiam idem punctum ſemper ad Or<lb></lb>tum, idem ad Occaſum ſemper converſum ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000391"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000392"> Hanc igitur Grandamici demonſtrationem tuo calculo do<lb></lb>nas, quam tamen viri Doctiſſimi & Sapientiſſimi rejecerunt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="34" xlink:href="025/01/038.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000393"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000394"> Non habeo, vt iam dixi, pro demonſtratione; quia nemo <lb></lb>hucuſque probavit, terram Magnetem eſſe; aut ſaltem tot particulis <lb></lb>Magneticis inſtructam, quæ ſufficiant, ad tantam molem volvendam; <lb></lb>hoc tamen ſuppoſito, cum iam ex aliis corporibus Magneticis conſter, <lb></lb>virtutem illam Magneticam per totam ſphæram vniformiter diſtributam <lb></lb>non eſſe, ex hoc neceſſariò ſequeretur, terram ab Occaſu ad Ortum, mi<lb></lb>nimè moveri: vnde non erat, quòd vir ille doctiſſimus non modo de <lb></lb>re Magnetica, verùm etiam de Chronologica optimè meritus, à nonnul<lb></lb>lis adeò exploderetur; hoc enim argumentum ab illo excogitatum, ad <lb></lb>hominem, vt vocant, contra Gilbertum & alios, qui terram magnum <lb></lb>Magnetem eſſe dixerunt, rem iſtam omnino evincit; ſecus tamen contra <lb></lb>illos, qui terram Magnetem eſſe negant, aut ſufficienti virtute magnetica <lb></lb>inſtructam, qua tanta moles agi queat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000395"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000396"> Neſcio quid aliud indicâras; hoc enim tantum primum <lb></lb>caput eſt, ex quo Magnetem tuæ potiùs, quàm meæ hypotheſi favere di<lb></lb>cebas, ſi primum eſt, cur ad ſecundum non venis? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000397"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000398"> Res ferè eſt nullius momenti, dicam tamen, illam hypotheſim <lb></lb>ad rem magneticam potiùs facere, in qua terræ Axis fixa ſemper eadem<lb></lb>que vniverſi puncta reſpicit, quàm illam, in qua terræ Axis per tot mil<lb></lb>liarium myriades in magno orbe circumfertur; Licèt enim ſibi ipſi ſem<lb></lb>per parallelus ſit, deſcribit tamen vtroque termino, circulum æqualem <lb></lb>magno orbi; in noſtra fixus eſt Axis, fixa cœli puncta, neutrum in tua <lb></lb>habetur, quare vt fateor vltero, neutram ex Magnete demonſtrari, ita ſanè <lb></lb>nemo retum iſtarum rectus æſtimator inficias eat, quin noſtra regulis <lb></lb>magneticis magis conſentiat; ſed de hoc ſatis, quare vide vtrùm pro tua <lb></lb>hypotheſi aliquid aliud ſuppetat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000399"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000400"> Suppetunt quidem multa, ſed ex iis, quæ à te adducta ſunt, <lb></lb>ſat video, quàm facilè illa ſolvere poſſis; quare de hoc argumento ſatis <lb></lb>ſuperque dictum eſſe puto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000401"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000402"> Egregiè ſanè; ſic æquis armis pugnamus. </s> <s id="s.000403">Huiuſque meam <lb></lb>hypotheſim tuis argumentis impugnaſti, nec dixi vnquam ſatis; iam <lb></lb>verò ex arena pedem efferre velles, ne mihi copia detur tuam impugnandi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000404"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Æquum eſt, per me licet; ſed obiter quæſo, ne iuſto lo<lb></lb>quaciores eſſe videamur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000405"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000406"> Obiter, inquis, non pauciora certè, immo longè plura argu<lb></lb>menta contra tuam hypotheſim habeo, quàm tu contra meam igitur, ſi <lb></lb>non plus, tantumdem ſaltem temporis, ad hanc provinciam exequen<lb></lb>dam, iure meo poſtulo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000407"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000408"> Crede mihi, Antime, certamen non detrecto, nec vinci metuo, <lb></lb>timeo tamen ne prolixior diſceptatio nonnihil tædij <expan abbr="circũſtantibus">circunſtantibus</expan> afferat </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000409"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000410"> Rectè mones remittamus in <expan abbr="proximũ">proximum</expan> congreſſum, per me licet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000411"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000412"> Ne tamen aliquid fortè quod ſupereſt huic congreſſui detra<lb></lb>hatur; tuam illam de marino æſtu ſententiam exponere poteris, vt amœ<lb></lb>niùs hæc diſceptatio terminetur; tenes enim, ni ſallor, ex lis aliquam, quæ <lb></lb>iam ab aliis excogitatæ fuerunt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="35" xlink:href="025/01/039.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000413"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000414"> Minimè verò; Nova eſt omnino mea ſententia, & à me pri<lb></lb>mùm excogitata, & iſtarum temporis anguſtiarum impatiens; quare, vt <lb></lb>iam indicavi ſupra, integrum congreſſum implebit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000415"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000416"> Illa opinion Carteſij mihi ſtatim venerat in mentem, qui <lb></lb>vult à circumfluente Luna comprimi aëra, & Oceani ſuperficiem, ex qua <lb></lb>preſſione, aquarum motus ſequatur, quem vocat æſtum; te fortè huic ad<lb></lb>hærere putabam; quando quidem Lunæ mentionem feciſti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000417"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000418"> Toto cœlo erras; illam ſententiam minimè approbo, quæ & <lb></lb>phænomenis & veritati non conſentit; ex illa enim ſequitur. </s> <s id="s.000419">Primò à <lb></lb>Luna meridiana illum maximè comprimi maris tractum, qui tali meri<lb></lb>diano ſubjacet, aqua verò compreſſa ſubſidit, & quoquo verſum fluit; <lb></lb>igitur non ſummum aquæ tumorem, ſed maximam depreſſionem meri<lb></lb>diana Luna conciliaret; quod repugnat obſervationibus. </s> <s id="s.000420">Secundò Præ<lb></lb>dictam aëris preſſionem omnino ſentiremus. </s> <s id="s.000421">Tertiò In Plenilunio non <lb></lb>eſſet maior preſſio, tunc enim Luna vicinior non eſt, quàm in Novilu<lb></lb>nio & Quadraturis, igitur in Plenilunio maior æſtus non eſſet. </s> <s id="s.000422">Quartò <lb></lb>nullus æſtus eſſet in oppoſita parte terreſtris Globi; quia nulla ibi preſ<lb></lb>ſio; omitto reliqua cum hæc ad refutandum illud commentum, ſint ſatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000423"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc etiam, vt vis, in alium congreſſum remittamus; avidè <lb></lb>tamen ex te audire cupio, quid tamen novi de hoc argumento dicturus <lb></lb>ſis. </s> <s id="s.000424">Interea antequam hunc congreſſum terminemus nonnulla ex te per<lb></lb>cunctabor, quæ licèt à te dicta ſint circa tuam hypotheſim, vereor tamen, <lb></lb>vt ea rectè, vt par eſt, à me fuerint intellecta. </s> <s id="s.000425">Dixiſti Solem inclinati <lb></lb>ſurſum ac deorſum motu accelerato, ac retardato in reciproco acceſſu <lb></lb>& receſſu; quæro ex te, vtrùm Sol novum producat impetum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000426"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000427"> Nullo modo; alioquin ſi per tres continuos menſes (tandum<lb></lb>dem enim acceſſus ab Apogæo ad mediocrem diſtantiam) motu accele<lb></lb>rato moveretur, immenſum penè ſpatium percurreret; igitur non pro<lb></lb>ducit novum impetum, ſed impetus, quem habet, vel à ſe acquiſitum <lb></lb>vel aliunde impreſſum, huic inclinationi ſervit ſimul & alteri; idque, vt <lb></lb>dixi, ad inſtar motûs accelerati & retardati; ſed valdè lentè, quia maior <lb></lb>& potiſſima inclinatio, ſeu determinatio illius impetûs motui circulari <lb></lb>ſervit; quòd autem idem impetus duas aut plures determinationes ha<lb></lb>beat, res nova non eſt, ſed trita; cùm hoc cuilibet motui mixto & re<lb></lb>flexo competat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000428"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Eſtne tibi quodpiam aliud exemplum, in quo ſimilem in<lb></lb>clinationum ad rectum acceleratum, & ad circularem æquabilem com<lb></lb>poſitionem habeamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000429"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000430"> Non deſunt, eáque plurima, duo in mentem veniunt, omnino <lb></lb>ſimilia; primum tale eſt. </s> <s id="s.000431">Sit longior tubus vitreus altera dumtaxat ex<lb></lb>tremitate peruius, infundatur aqua, donec ſemipalmus dumtaxat circiter <lb></lb>vacuus reſtet, & ſuppoſito ad extremum apertum arctè digito, tubus <lb></lb>invertatur, tunc cylindrus aëris lentè ac ſenſim aſſurgit, à graviore aquâ <lb></lb>ſurſum extruſus, dum hæc per tubi latera,id eſt per cavam tubi ſuper<lb></lb>ficiem, ſpiratim ita deſcendit, quod ipſis oculis perſpicuum eſt, vt hic <pb pagenum="36" xlink:href="025/01/040.jpg"></pb>motus ex recto accelerato & circulari compoſitus eſſe videatur; hinc <lb></lb>initio ſpiſſiores & preſſiores ſpiræ, deinde verò diſtractiores fiunt; eſt <lb></lb>tamen tantùm vnus impetus ad motum deorſum rectum per ſe determi<lb></lb>natus, qui cùm in linea recta finem ſuum obtinere non poſſit compenſat <lb></lb>in circulari, retenta ſemper prima illa inclinatione ad rectum, cui quan<lb></lb>tum poteſt, ſatisfacit, cùm autem etiam ſecundùm id acceleratus ſit, in<lb></lb>de ſpiras diſtrahi neceſſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000432"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000433"> Iam capio, quod ante dixeras, naturam ſupplere æquali<lb></lb>tatem motuum: nempe aqua, ſeu corpus grave toto illo tempore, quo <lb></lb>præfatus cylindrus aëris ſenſim aſſurgit, motu accelerato deorſum, re<lb></lb>moto impedimento, longum ſpatium in perpendiculari decurreret; ſed <lb></lb>obſtante impedimento, cùm eadem vis impetus adſit, motum rectum <lb></lb>ſpirali compenſat; atque adeò ſi tota illa ſpirarum congeries in lineam <lb></lb>rectam explicaretur, æqualis eſſet lineæ rectæ in perpendiculo eodem <lb></lb>tempore motu accelerato confectæ, ſed applica quæſo ad ſpiras Solares. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000434"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000435"> Repete igitur figuram 2. & conſidera primo loco primam in<lb></lb>clinationem ſeorſim, quâ Sol ab Apogæo ad Perigæum, & viciſſim, per <lb></lb>mediocrem diſtantiam, reciprocis acceſſibus & receſſibus, ad imitatio<lb></lb>nem motus accelerati & retardati tendit reditque. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.040.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/040/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000436">Et cogita radium AE moveri cir<lb></lb>ca AC, dum punctum E motu ac<lb></lb>celerato tendit ad V, & retardato, <lb></lb>ab V ad H, radius AE deſcribet <lb></lb>ſuo motu ſuperficiem coni, cuius <lb></lb>baſis diameter, erit EL, punctum <lb></lb>verò E deſcribet tot ſpiras in dicta <lb></lb>ſuperficie coni, quot revolutiones <lb></lb>abſolventur, toto illo tempore, <lb></lb>quo ab E, pervenit in H ; hæc au<lb></lb>tem ſpira erit conica, cuius Helices <lb></lb>diſtractiores erunt circa V, preſ<lb></lb>ſiores circa E & H. </s> <s id="s.000437">Pari modo, co<lb></lb>gita triangulum ADE in orbem <lb></lb>agi, circa Axem BC dum D, motu <lb></lb>accelerato, tendit ad F, & retar<lb></lb>dato ab F, ad E; arcus DFE de<lb></lb>ſcribet partem ſuperficiei ſphæricæ, <lb></lb>punctum verò ſpiram ſphæricam, <lb></lb>cuius Helices preſſiores erunt cir<lb></lb>ca DE, diſtractiores verò circa F. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000438">Si verò D iret per lineam rectam <lb></lb>DGE, deſcribet DGE ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem cylindricam, & D ſpiram cylin<lb></lb>dricam. </s> <s id="s.000439">Iam verò <expan abbr="cõponaturvtraque">componatur vtraque</expan> <lb></lb>inclinatio, ita vt D partim versùs F, <pb pagenum="37" xlink:href="025/01/041.jpg"></pb>partim versùs A tendat, ſemoto motu circulari, ibit, vt dixi, per lineam ſpi<lb></lb>ralem DQH; volvatur ADQH circa Axem BC deſcribet curva DQH <lb></lb>ſuperficiem ſolidi cuiuſdam ſpiralis; & ſi interea dum punctum deſcribit <lb></lb>eo duplici motu curua DQH moveatur circa eundem Axem BC, <lb></lb>deſcribet in dicta ſuperficie ſpiram compoſitam ex totidem Helicibus; <lb></lb>vt autem Helices omnes ſint ferè inter ſe æquales, obſervabis præclarum <lb></lb>Naturæ inſtitutum; ſupponamus Apogæum Solis in D, initio Cancri <lb></lb>cùm DI plus diſtet ab FK quàm hæc ab HL, haud dubiè plus temporis <lb></lb>ponit à Cancro ad Libram, quàm à Libra ad Capricornum; en tibi ratio<lb></lb>nem Anomaliæ Solis; quod verò ſpectat ad circulos diurnos, quos ſin<lb></lb>gulæ Helices, ſeu ſpiræ repræſentant; à D ad Q tantulùm creſcunt, ſcili<lb></lb>cet vt ſemidiametri paralleli BD, AQ; à Q verò, vſque ad illud pun<lb></lb>ctum, in quo recta DGE ſecat curvam DQH ita decreſcunt, vt deſcri<lb></lb>ptus ab illo puncto ſit æqualis primo; ab eo verò puncto versùs H, fiunt <lb></lb>minores & minores circuli, ita vt vltimus, cuius radius eſt CH, ſit ad <lb></lb>primum, cuius radius eſt BD, vt AC ad AB, vel CH ad BD; eſt <lb></lb>autem HE iuxta communem Anomaliæ menſuram ferè 1/1<gap></gap> AE, ac proin<lb></lb>de circulus ille vltimus eſſet minor primo 1/1<gap></gap> igitur cum Sol ſupponatur <lb></lb>æquali ſemper motu agi, longè citiès perficiet ſuum orbem in H quàm <lb></lb>in D, ſi movetur in circulo, nempè illo iam abſoluto, ſuperſunt huius <lb></lb>12. grad. igitur tempus, quo circulus diurnus decurritur in H, eſt brevius <lb></lb>tempore, quo decurritur in D 48. minutis horæ. </s> <s id="s.000440">Sed hoc eſt abſurdum, <lb></lb>imò abſurdiſſimum; & vt natura huic incommodo occurreret, licet ſpa<lb></lb>tium CA ſit minus ſpatio AB, ſegmentum tamen curvæ QH vix minus <lb></lb>eſt ſegmento <expan abbr="Dq;">DQ</expan> igitur tantùm temporis à Q ad H, quantum à D ad <lb></lb>Q ponere deberet; quia tamen ex hoc ſequeretur abſurda circulorum diur<lb></lb>norum inæqualitas, contra finem à Natura intentum, hæc enim ſpirarum <lb></lb>diurnarum æqualitatem intendit, cùm circuli diurni omnium reliquorum <lb></lb>menſura ſint, ita diſtrahuntur ſpiræ in ſegmento QH, vt pauciores ſint, <lb></lb>quàm in ſegmento <expan abbr="Dq;">DQ</expan> ita tamen vt ſingulæ ferè æquales ſint ſingulis; <lb></lb>Cogita explicatam vtramque ſpirarum congeriem in duas lineas rectas, <lb></lb>maior erit ad minorem ferè vt 92. 1/<gap></gap> ad 89. 1/<gap></gap>, ſeu vt 1103. ad 1077. So<lb></lb>lers igitur Natura ita attemperavit vtramque inclinationem, vt ſingulæ <lb></lb>ſingulis æquales ſint in quantitate, & in tempore; atque ita motum <lb></lb>vnum alio motu compenſat, adhibita maiore, aut minore ſpirarum diſtra<lb></lb>ctione. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000441"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000442"> Fruſtrà laboras, Antime, vt dierum æqualitatem retineas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000443"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc paulò fuſiùs ediſſerere volui, vt intelligatur quonam mo<lb></lb>do naturaliter vnus motus alio compenſetur, quando ſcilicet impeditur fi<lb></lb>nis Naturæ. </s> <s id="s.000444">Finis autem Naturæ eſt primò, vt in connaturali diſtantia <lb></lb>Sol circa Terram eat; data enim mole vtriuſque globi, dubium non eſt, <lb></lb>quin prædicta diſtantia poſſit eſſe major, aut minor, connaturali; ſi major, <lb></lb>cuncta rigerent; ſi minor, conflagrarent omnia; igitur majorem inter & <lb></lb>minorem connaturalis, ſeu mediocris, aut media definienda eſt; hinc <lb></lb>manifeſta ratio primæ inclinationis, per quam Sol ab Apogæo ad mediam <pb pagenum="38" xlink:href="025/01/042.jpg"></pb>diſtantiam tendit motu recto, qui eſt ad inſtar accelerati; non ſiſtit autem <lb></lb>in dicta diſtantia, vbi obtinet illam; ſed propter determinationem ac<lb></lb>quiſitam, licèt obluctetur eadem inclinatio, pervenit vſque ad Peri<lb></lb>gæum, ſimili motu recto, ſed propter reluctantiam, ad inſtar retarda<lb></lb>ti. </s> <s id="s.000445">Secundò, finis Naturæ eſt, vt Sol lumen ſuum æqualiter, quantum <lb></lb>fieri poteſt, diſtribuat; vnde petitur ratio ſecundæ inclinationis, quâ Sol <lb></lb>à Tropico ad Æquatorem tendit, eo modo, quo dixi; nempe definito <lb></lb>ſemel Axe mundi, circa quem ſphærarum cœleſtium revolutiones fiant, <lb></lb>cuius extremitates ſunt Poli, vi huius inclinationis Sol à D, v.g. tendit <lb></lb>versùs F per arcum DF, qui cadit perpendiculariter in AD; cùm enim <lb></lb>à D duci poſſint infinitæ lineæ, versùs Æquatorem, & vna tantùm per<lb></lb>pendicularis, quæ eſt tangens, vel arcus, cùm radius AD continuò ten<lb></lb>dat versùs F ; ſi vna eſt, determinata eſt; Nec dicas, rectam DG cade<lb></lb>re perpendiculariter in planum Æquatoris; nam non cadit perpendicula<lb></lb>riter in AD; cùm tamen arcus DF vtrumque præſtet; cadit enim perpen<lb></lb>diculariter in vtramque, ſcilicet in AD, AF. Accedit, quòd Sol, quan<lb></lb>tum eſt ex ſe, ſuppoſita diſtantia connaturali à centro mundi, ad eam re<lb></lb>tinendam inclinat; ſed ſi in arcu DF feratur, eadem ſemper manebit di<lb></lb>ſtantiæ ab A. Tertiò, finis Naturæ eſt, vt omnes revolutiones diurnæ So<lb></lb>lis ſint æquales, & conſequenter æquè diuturnæ, cùm hæ ſint commu<lb></lb>nis menſura omnium motuum, & temporis externi munere defungantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000446">Porrè vt dictos fines Sol obtineat, gemina illa inclinatio ita ſeſe attempe<lb></lb>rat, vt & ab Apogæo ad Perigæum Sol eat, & diurnæ revolutiones æqua<lb></lb>les ferè ſint, ſi tantùm habeatur ratio primæ inclinationis, ſpiræ fient in <lb></lb>eodem plano, & omnes inæquales erunt, ſiverò ſecundæ tantùm, ſpiræ <lb></lb>fient in ſuperficie ſphærica, eruntque omnes inæquales, vt patet ad ocu<lb></lb>lum, cui figura ſubjacet. </s> <s id="s.000447">Itaque ſecunda inclinatio caſtigat inæqualita<lb></lb>tem à prima inductam, deflexo Sole versùs Æquatorem; & prima par pari <lb></lb>referens, corrigit inæqualitatem, quam alioqui prima induceret depreſſo <lb></lb>Sole versùs centrum A; & cùm tantùm ferè temporis à Q ad H, ponendum <lb></lb>eſſet, quantum à D ad Q ſunt enim ſegmenta DQ, QH, fere æqualia; haud <lb></lb>dubiè tot ſpiræ ſegmento QH, ineſſe deberent, quot ſegmento DQ inſunt, <lb></lb>vt æquè diſtractæ vtrimque eſſent; quia tamen tunc ſpiræ ſegmenti QH <lb></lb>minores eſſent, ac proinde inæquales ſpiris alterius ſegmenti, haud dubiè <lb></lb>tota ſpirarum QH congeries breviori tempore decurreretur, quàm teta ſpi<lb></lb>rarum DQ, eodem ſcilicet & æquabili motu; ſed ſupponuntur totidem <lb></lb>vtrimque dies; igitur dies intra ſegmentum QH, breviores eſſent; igitur to<lb></lb>tum tempus, quod complectitur dies intra ſegmentum QH, decurſos, bre<lb></lb>vius eſſet tempore, quod complectitur dies decurſos intra ſegmentum <expan abbr="Dq.">DQ</expan> <lb></lb>Sed æqualia tempora ſupponuntur: itaque vt huic incommodo occurra<lb></lb>tur, diſtrahuntur ſpiræ ſegmenti QH, ita vt pauciores reſtent, ſed ferè æqua<lb></lb>les, atque ita in motu per QH Compenſatur ille motus, qui alioqui per ſpi<lb></lb>ras obtineri non poteſt, cùm breviores ſint, quàm par ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000448"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000449"> An fortè Sol ſentit, aut cognoſcit, ſpiras à ſe decurſas <lb></lb>eſſe majores aut minores? </s> <s id="s.000450">Minimè verò; Quomodo igitur tam ſollicitè <pb pagenum="39" xlink:href="025/01/043.jpg"></pb>& accuratè inæqualitatis periculum avertit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000451"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000452"> Quæro à te, Auguſtine, An fortè aqua illa tubi vitrei ſentit <lb></lb>progreſſum in motu deorſum ſibi præcludi, & impediri, vt motum re<lb></lb>ctum in ſpirabilem convertat? </s> <s id="s.000453">Minimè verò; ſed cùm habeat vim atque <lb></lb>impetum, eo ſanè motu movetur, quo & faciliùs moveri poteſt, & in <lb></lb>quo dictus impetus totam ſuam vim exerit; modò vel minima determi<lb></lb>natio intercedat ad talem lineam motus; ſic aqua in dicto tubo ad li<lb></lb>neam ſpiralem determinatur à minima inæqualitate, vel inclinatione <lb></lb>tubi, & corpus grave, quod non poteſt moveri in perpendiculari deor<lb></lb>ſum, movetur per Planum inclinatum, aut per arcum in funependulo, <lb></lb>aut per parabolam, vel aliam lineam in projectione; item corpus refle<lb></lb>xum, quod per eandem lineam motum proſequi non poteſt, movetur <lb></lb>per aliam, ad quam determinatur partim à corpore reflectente, partim <lb></lb>à primo motu; ſic etiam, vt alterum exemplum tibi ante à me promiſ<lb></lb>ſum adducam: Calamus volatilis, quem vos Italicè vocatis <emph type="italics"></emph>Grillo,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> im<lb></lb>preſſo ſibi per rectam impetu, cùm motum rectum, obluctantibus pen<lb></lb>nis, quæ aeri facilè cedunt, totum habere non poſſit, qui ſcilicet im<lb></lb>preſſo impetui alioquin competeret, accito ſpirali motu, iacturam motus <lb></lb>recti compenſat; cur verò in hanc potiùs, quàm in illam partem <lb></lb>eant ſpiræ, à pennis in eam ab aëre deflexis, ſeu detortis omni<lb></lb>no procedit; quòd autem maior impetus dicto calamo inſit, quàm qui <lb></lb>in eo motu recto, qui reſtat, impenditur, vel ex eo liquidò conſtat, <lb></lb>quod avulſis ex theca, caſu aliquo, pennis, dum in medio aëre ſpira<lb></lb>tim movetur, theca ipſa, præſertim ſi oſſea eſt, longiùs aucto motu <lb></lb>recto, projici videatur; igitur ille impetus inerat. </s> <s id="s.000454">Sed vt ad rem no<lb></lb>ſtram redeam, cùm Sol à Q ad H totum ſuum motum, in ſpiris ha<lb></lb>bere non poſſit ſuppoſitis temporibus æqualibus diſtrahit ſpiras, com<lb></lb>penſans ſpirarum motum, motu per ſegmentum QH, quod breviore <lb></lb>tempore decurrit, quam DQ, non tamen proptereà ſpiratim motus re<lb></lb>mittitur ſed æqualis ſemper remanet; nempe cum Sol in Q non tendat <lb></lb>ad Tropicum, per curuam QH, ſed per arcum interceptum inter AF, <lb></lb>AE, minorem arcu FE, atque adeo per arcus ſemper minores, donec <lb></lb>tandem perveniat in H, & cùm arcus minores citiùs perficiar, eadem <lb></lb>vi motus; quid mirum ſi citiùs perveniat à Q ad H, quàm à D ad Q, ac <lb></lb>proinde ſi ſpiræ diſtrahantur in ſegmento QH, atque adeò pauciores <lb></lb>maneant licèt enim QH. Æqualis ſit DQ, non tamen per QH ſecunda <lb></lb>inclinatio ſuam vim exerit, ſed per arcus concentricos minores, quos <lb></lb>citiùs decurrit, licèt à prima inclinatione ad curvam QH detorqueatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000455">Hinc ſemoto motu circulari, & relicta gemina illa inclinatione, adhuc <lb></lb>ſecunda inclinatio decurreret citiùs QH, quàm DQ. Ex his ni fallor <lb></lb>ſequi vides, tum diſtractionem maiorem ſpirarum, tum imminutum ſpi<lb></lb>rarum numerum, tum compenſationem talem motuum, ex qua perfecta <lb></lb>ferè ſpirarum diurnarum æqualitas neceſſariò conſequitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000456"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000457"> Si Apogæum ſit in Æquatore, quid tandem fieret? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000458"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000459"> Planum Tropici DI tantulùm accederet ad Æquatorem FK, <pb pagenum="40" xlink:href="025/01/044.jpg"></pb>à quo planum Tropici HL tantulùm æquè recederet, vt æqualis vtrinque <lb></lb>effet diſtantia, ſub æqualibus tamen ſemper angulis DAF, EAF. </s> <s id="s.000460">Tunc <lb></lb>autem poſito quod Apogæum ſit in principio Arietis, plus temporis po<lb></lb>netur ab Ariete ad Cancrum, quàm à Cancro ad Libram; & minus à Li<lb></lb>bra ad Capricornum, quàm ab hoc ad Arietem; tempora tamen erunt <lb></lb>æqualia à Cancro ad Libram, à Libra ad Capricornum, ſcilicet à me<lb></lb>diocri diſtantia ad Perigæum: & ab hoc ad mediam diſtantiam; erunt <lb></lb>item æqualia inter ſe tempora à Capricorno ad Arietem, & ab hoc ad <lb></lb>Cancrum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000461"><emph type="italics"></emph>Anguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000462"> Ille tuus calamus volatilis, vt vocas, mihi ſummopere ar<lb></lb>ridet, itemque deſcenſi ille aquæ in tubo; aliquid ſimile in mentem <lb></lb>venit, cùm ſcilicet aqua, ſeu vinum per infundibulum in dolium mitti<lb></lb>tur; nam circa os infundibuli vinum in ſpiras agitur, propter illam ra<lb></lb>tionem, quam attuliſti. </s> <s id="s.000463">Idem accidit in quibuſdam fluminibus, ſeu la<lb></lb>cubus, ex quibus aqua in profundum hiatum ſeu voraginem ſpiratim deſ<lb></lb>cendit, ſimulque à vortice naves abſorbentur, ſi quæ mala ſua ſorte eò <lb></lb>appellantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000464"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000465"> Aliud omittis longè iucundius, vidiſti enim aliquando venti <lb></lb>turbinem, qui feſtucas, folia, pulverem in orbem agit ac vorticem; <lb></lb>immo & naves in medio mari ſic à Typhone miſerum in modum abri<lb></lb>piuntur; vnde putas hunc venti vorticem ſeu turbinem ortum ducere? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000466"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000467"> Certè noſtri Philoſophi communiter docent, hunc effe<lb></lb>ctum à varia reflexione procedere, quæ in circumaſſurgentibus monti<lb></lb>bus fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000468"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000469"> Sat ſcio. </s> <s id="s.000470">Sed quænam reflexio in vaſta terrarum & Oceani <lb></lb>planitie fieri poteſt? </s> <s id="s.000471">in qua nulli montes aſſurguat. </s> <s id="s.000472">Alia profectò ratio <lb></lb>eſt, ex eodem noſtro principio petita; nempe vbi aliqua portio aëris ſu<lb></lb>perioris tractus denſatur (denſari autem poteſt multiplici caſu) gravior <lb></lb>redditur inferiore; cùm autem deorſum cadere non poſſit, niſi inferio<lb></lb>rem extenſione æqualem ſurſum extrudat, nec tam citò extrudere poſ<lb></lb>ſit, ſpiratim per illius latera deſcendit; Hinc turbo & vortex, cujus rei <lb></lb>analogiam habes in adductis ſupra exemplis, ad hunc porrò effectum <lb></lb>perinde eſt, ſive aër Superioris tractus condenſetur, ſive inferioris rareſ<lb></lb>cat: Hinc cum igne Typhon, aliàs cum aqua conjunctus eſt; igne qui<lb></lb>dem quo inferioris aëris tractus ſtatim rareſcat, ac proinde maximo im<lb></lb>petu aër Superioris tractus ſpiratim ruat; aqua verò ſi magna Vaporum <lb></lb>vis expreſſa cum igne, caloris vi, in ſuperiori aëris tractu ſtatim conden<lb></lb>ſetur, ac proinde aqua ſpiratim etiam & præceps deorſum ruat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000473"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000474"> Inde fortè imber guttatim deſcendit, cùm enim ſurſum ex<lb></lb>trudendus ſit aër, humor in deſcenſu in guttas dividitur ad faciliorem <lb></lb>deſcenſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000475"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> A vero aberras, Auguſtine, nec iſta, quam dicis, vera ratio <lb></lb>eſt, nam & gutta maior ex ſublimiore tractu deſcendit, vt non rarò <lb></lb>æſtate accidit; quia forvente æſtu, altiùs vapores aſſurgunt, & perexiguæ <lb></lb>guttæ lentiſſimè deſcendent, vt ſæpè vidiſti in nebula, dum reſolvitur: <pb pagenum="41" xlink:href="025/01/045.jpg"></pb>tantulum porrò vaporis in guttulam reſolvitur, hæc initio lento deſcen<lb></lb>dit gradu, intereà multæ aliæ guttulæ minores occurrunt in deſcenſu, <lb></lb>quas ipſa colligit, vnde major evadit, & motus creſcit, donec tandem <lb></lb>in Terram labatur: hinc cæteris paribus, illæ guttæ maiores ſunt, quæ <lb></lb>ex ſublimiore tractu deſcendunt; plures enim colligunt in deſcenſu mi<lb></lb>nores guttas, nempe ex mutuo contactu duarum guttarum ſequitur, vt <lb></lb>ex duabus vnica fiat; trita res eſt, ſed ratio ſatis abſtruſa: hinc æſtate, <lb></lb>vt plurimum, guttæ imbris maiores ſunt, quàm hieme, hinc demum ali<lb></lb>quando accidit, vt iuxta verticem montis ſit nebula, imber verò in infe<lb></lb>riore tractu; ſed quæſo ad rem noſtram redeamus longiùs enim excur<lb></lb>rimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000476"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000477"> Circa tuam hypotheſim multa eſſent in accuratius examen <lb></lb>vocanda, ſed per tempus non licet, aliqua tamen obiter percunctabor, <lb></lb>ac primum quidem illud, quid tibi velles, cùm ſupra diceres, gradum il<lb></lb>lum velocitatis acquiſitum à Marte & à Sole, produci vel à Motore extrin<lb></lb>ſeco, vel ab ipſi ſin et Planetis per motum acceleratum prævium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000478"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000479"> Magnum certè hîc myſterium non latet; cùm enim velim, pri<lb></lb>mum illum impetum Soli modò ineſſe, qui eidem initio inerat, eumque <lb></lb>motui æquabili, quo hucuſque Sol movetur, movebiturque impoſterum, <lb></lb>æqualem ſemper & eundem velocitatis gradum conciliare, cur enim & à <lb></lb>quo dictus impetus deſtrueretur, cùm nunquam fruſtra ſit? </s> <s id="s.000480">perinde ſanè <lb></lb>mihi fuit, ſive ab ipſo Sole per motum acceleratum prævium acquiſitus <lb></lb>fuerit, ſive à Deo, vel Angelo eidem impreſſus; Dic, vt voles, vtrum<lb></lb>que enim fieri potuit; nec quiſquam, opinor, hoc negaverit, nec dif<lb></lb>ficile eſſet, definite altitudinem illam, ex qua Sol ad hunc velocitatis <lb></lb>gradum acquirendum deſcenderit, cognita ſcilicet Solis Apogæi vel <lb></lb>Perigæi diſtantia; immo & tempus in tali deſcenſu poſitum; cum emin ve<lb></lb>locitate<gap></gap> vt tempora, & ſpatia decurſa in duplicata rat. temporum, <lb></lb>ſcio, v.g. vno ſecundo minuto corpus grave decurrere in perpendiculo <lb></lb>12. pedes, & velocitatem eodem ſecundo minuto acquiſitam ſufficere, <lb></lb>vt motu æquabili 24. pedes decurrantur; ſcio quoque punctum Æqua<lb></lb>toris terreſtris globi ſi hic motu orbis agatur, vno ſecundo minuto con<lb></lb>ficere circiter 1250. pedes. </s> <s id="s.000482">Sit verò diſtantia Solis à centro terræ 2000. <lb></lb>circiter ſemidiametrorum, ſi hic numerus ducatur in illum, productus <lb></lb>veniet hic tertius 2500000; Sol igitur vno ſecundo minuto conficit to<lb></lb>tidem pedes: ducatur hic numerus in 60. productus erit, 150000000. <lb></lb>tot pedes conficit vno primo minuto: ducatur etiam hic in 60. produ<lb></lb>ctus erit 9000000000. tot pedes conficiet vna hora; hic demum duca<lb></lb>tur in 24. productus erit 216000000000. tot pedes conficiet vno die; <lb></lb>accipiatur ſubduplus ſcilicet 108000000000. tot pedes decurri; vno die <lb></lb>corpus grave motu naturaliter accelerato in perpendiculo deorſum; Iam <lb></lb>duco 24. in 60. & productum in 60. hic productus erit 864000. tot ſci<lb></lb>licet minuta ſecunda, quot in 24. horas, ducatur hic in ſe ipſum, pro<lb></lb>ductus erit 7464960000. per quem ſi dividas 108000000000. quotiens <lb></lb>erit 14 1/2 circiter, tot pedes conficit corpus grave motu deorſum, vno <pb pagenum="42" xlink:href="025/01/046.jpg"></pb>minuto ſecundo, vnde corriges Merſennum, qui tantùm pedes 12. aſſi<lb></lb>gnat, itemque alium, qui vult corpus grave decurrere vno ſecundo mi<lb></lb>nuto 15. pedes; quanquam hic ad verum proximè acceſſit, quod certè <lb></lb>in tanto numero 12. cifrarum, qui ſcilicet 200. & 16. millia milliorum <lb></lb>complectitur, parum eſt. </s> <s id="s.000483">Hæc porrò eo animo dico, vt quorumdam <lb></lb>hallucinatio caſtigetur, qui cùm hoc, eo, quo par eſt, modo non diſ<lb></lb>cuſſerint, multa abſurda ſuper hac re pronunciant. </s> <s id="s.000484">Immo, vt iam fortè <lb></lb>mecum obſervas, ſi præcisè habeamus, quot pedes corpus grave in deſ<lb></lb>cenſu decurrat vno ſecundo minuto, habebimus haud dubiè quantum <lb></lb>decurrere debeat vno die integro, in linea recta deorſum; quæ ſi du<lb></lb>plicetur, & inflectatur in circulum, hæc forſitan erit, ſaltem proximè, <lb></lb>magni orbis menſura; ita vt Sol motu recto prævio 24. horis decur<lb></lb>rerit ſpatium æquale ſemicirculo magni orbis; ſed quidquid ſit, ſive <lb></lb>hic impetus accedat ab extrinſeco, ſive ab ipſo Sole in ſe producatur, <lb></lb>perinde eſt ad rem noſtram; cùm Soli maximè connaturalis ſit, quate<lb></lb>nus ſcilicet Solaris globus ad talem finem à natura ipſa, & naturæ ipſius <lb></lb>Autore ordinatus eſt; quem vt obtineret tali tantoque impetu illi opus <lb></lb>erat; tantum igitur & talem vel ab extrinſeco accepit, vel in ſe pro<lb></lb>duxit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000485"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000486"> Sed quis Solern docuit in Occaſum ferri, non verò in Or<lb></lb>tum; ire versùs diſtantiam mediam, ad Æquatoris planum accedere, & <lb></lb>turbinis inſtar circa ſuum axem inclinatum moveri, idque in hanc partem, <lb></lb>potiùs quàm illam? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000487"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc aperire nolebam, ſed profectò me cogis: ſi Sol ab Au<lb></lb>tore movetur extrinſeco, nimirum à Deo, Angelorum miniſterio, vt <lb></lb>noſtri Scholaſtici communiter docent, nec ego inficias eo, ab eodem <lb></lb>motore cuncta hæc recipit; at ex hypotheſi, quod à ſe ipſo moveatur, <lb></lb>quod certè tanti non eſſet, cùm id cuipiam corpori gravi competat; di<lb></lb>cerem, Solem conditum à Deo fuiſſe ſupra diſtantiam mediam, multis <lb></lb>terræ ſemidiametris, vt dixi, ex quo loco deſcendit versus mundi cen<lb></lb>trum, obtenta verò media & connaturali diſtantia, motu circulari mo<lb></lb>veri cœpit, versùs Occaſum: cur, inquis, potiùs quàm versùs Ortum? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000488">Quia cum creatus fuerit in Tropico Cancri circa 180. grad. longitudinis <lb></lb>eo potiſſimum fine, vt in terræ ſuperficiem ageret, à maiori dictæ ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei tractu versùs Occaſum inde excurrente ad hanc lineam determina<lb></lb>tus fuit, ex qua profectò prima determinatione, ſequuntur aliæ, ſcilicet, <lb></lb>Axis mundi, polorum, Æquatoris &c. </s> <s id="s.000489">& cùm tantulum primæ determi<lb></lb>nationis deorſum retinuerit, debilis tamen, tota enim ferè in circularem <lb></lb>motum ivit, quid mirum, ſi ad Perigæum tendat? </s> <s id="s.000490">à quo rurſum eodem <lb></lb>modo versùs Apogæum regreditur; adde ſecundam inclinationem, de <lb></lb>qua iam ſupra, & quia globorum more, deorſum in morem turbinis <lb></lb>deſcendit, retinuit illum motum orbis circa eundem Axem ſibi ipſi <lb></lb>ſemper parallelum, vbi motu circulari agi cœpit, cui prædicta turbinatio <lb></lb>non obſtat, Vides, cuncta hæc ex communibus illis principiis deduci, <lb></lb>per quæ aliorum corporum motus explicantur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="43" xlink:href="025/01/047.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000491"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000492"> Rectè, illud ſaltem commodi ex hac tua hypotheſi acci<lb></lb>dit, quod primi orbis incolæ diem primum integrum habuerunt, Sol <lb></lb>nempe in ortiuo horizontis illorum limbo conditus fuit; id eſt, in ſemi<lb></lb>circulo ortiuo magni Meridiani; & verò æquum fuit, vt Sol, qui pro<lb></lb>pter hominem creatus eſt, noſtro huic primum hemiſphærio, in quo & <lb></lb>primus homo conditus, præfulgeret: ſed fortè nobilem coronam diutius <lb></lb>quam par eſſet detinemus; tuam illam, quam contra noſtram hypothe<lb></lb>ſim adornaſti, diſputationem, in proximum congreſſum remittimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000493"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000494"> Sit, vt voles, adero craſtina die, niſi tibi fortè grave ſit; multi <lb></lb>etiam ex nobiliſſimis auditoribus futurum congreſſum ſua præſentia ho<lb></lb>neſtabunt. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.047.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/047/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000495"><emph type="center"></emph>DIALOGVS SECVNDVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000496"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>In quo valida contra Copernici hypotheſim <lb></lb>argumenta proponuntur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000497">DVBIVM mihi non eſt, hanc diſputationem ineunti, quin <lb></lb>pleriſque fortè iam actum agere videar, CARDINALIS <lb></lb>EMINENTISSIMS, quotus enim quiſque invenitur, vel Philo<lb></lb>ſophorum in tractatione de Corpore Cœleſti; vel Theologo<lb></lb>rum in Opere ſex dierum enucleando;; vel ſacri Textus Interpretum, in <lb></lb>eorum locorum expoſitione, in quibus Terra ſtare, Sol & Aſtra <lb></lb>paſſim moveri dicuntur; vel denique Aſtronomorum, in mundi ſyſtema<lb></lb>te definiendo, qui hanc partam non adornet, ſuam falcem in hanc meſ<lb></lb>ſem non mittat, ac de miſero Copernico novos triumphos agere nolit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000498">Scribimus indocti, doctique poëmata: quanquam, vt ingenuè dicam, <lb></lb>maxima illorum argumentorum pars, quibus nonnulli præfatam Coper<lb></lb>nici opinionem petierunt, non parum laudis & plauſus eidem concilia<lb></lb>vit; ita enim ab illius defenſoribus rejecta fuere, vt ſolutionis, ſeu re<lb></lb>ſponſionis facilitas quaſi ad inſtar novæ demonſtrationis novum ſplendo<lb></lb>re in eidem ſententia conciliârit, illud ſanè commune eſt præliis etiam li<lb></lb>terariis, vt quiſquis hoſtem malè aggreſſus eſt, & in caſſum adortus, <lb></lb>pro ſemivicto habentur; ne igitur eundem errorem admittam, illa dum<lb></lb>taxat adducam, quæ ſi non fortè hoſtem omninò conficere, plurimùm <lb></lb>tamen labefactare videntur; tuum erit, Eminentiſſime, qui perſpica<lb></lb>ciſſima ingenij acie vales, quam nihil quantumvis arduum, vel abſtru<lb></lb>ſum effugiat, ſi non de integra victoria, de potioribus ſaltem partibus à <lb></lb>nobis in hac cauſa, vt benè ſpero, referendis, judicare, necnon æquiſſi<lb></lb>mam ferre ſententiam. </s> <s id="s.000499">Sed initium diſſertationi demus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="44" xlink:href="025/01/048.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000500"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000501"> Omittam, vt prudenter feciſti, argumentorum quiſquilias, <lb></lb>quæ nonnulli, præſertim ex antiquioribus rerum Mathematicarum & <lb></lb>Phyſicarum minùs peritis contra tuam hypotheſim adduxerunt, quæ pe<lb></lb>tita ſcilicet petunt à ventis, & nubibus, motu projectorum, deſcenſu <lb></lb>gravium, domorum ruina & lapſu; quanquam nonnihil ad hominem ex <lb></lb>his eliciam; vt enim vis, ex motu orbis retardato, in Ortum ſequi aqua<lb></lb>rum excurſionem, per quam marinum æſtum veſtri explicant, quia ſcili<lb></lb>cet obimpreſſum ante impetum, quem facilè aqua retinet, nec enim niſi <lb></lb>à contrario impediri poteſt, eundem proſequitur motum versùs Ortum; <lb></lb>cuius rei præclaram certè analogiam habetis in aqua, quæ cymba vehi<lb></lb>tur; cymba enim motum valdè retardante, aqua versùs portum excurrit; <lb></lb>hoc vnum eſt ex præcipuis ſententiæ veſtræ argumentis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000502"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000503"> Ita eſt, & licèt ad ea, quæ repoſuiſti, obmutire & ma<lb></lb>nus dare viſus ſim, quia illa omnia, quæ ad tabulas æſtus marini eiúſque <lb></lb>phænomena pertinent, minùs calleo, vereor tamen, vt rerum iſtarum peri<lb></lb>ris perſuadere valeas; illud autem ſilentium mihi potiſſimum impoſuit, <lb></lb>quòd ſanctè juraſti, in adluctis à te phænomenis, omnes ad vnum æſtus <lb></lb>marini peritos, ſive Naucleri ſint, ſive alij, imò & ipſos litorum Oceani <lb></lb>vel idiotas incolas ſumma conſenſione convenire; itaque licèt ex ſola ter<lb></lb>reſtris globi circuitione æſtus marini adæquata cauſa petenda non ſit, ſed <lb></lb>ex alia quapiam, negari tamen non poteſt, quin prædictus motus aliquid <lb></lb>conferat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000504"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim:<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Aſſigna priùs aliam cauſam, vt videamus, an ſufficiat ad hunc <lb></lb>mirabilem effectum; ſi enim ſufficit, nihil ſanè eſt, quod ille Terræ motus <lb></lb>conferat; ſi verò non ſufficit, oſtende id, ad quod non ſufficit, & illius <lb></lb>motus opem poſtulat; ſemper enim recurret propoſitum argumentum; <lb></lb>totum illud, quidquid tandem ſit, quod à præfato motu efficitur, circa <lb></lb>maximæ inæqualitatis cardines; id eſt, circa Meridiem & mediam noctem, <lb></lb>viſum ſemper iri; quod tamen Obſervationibus repugnat: itaque certum <lb></lb>eſt, & perſpicuum ex Maris æſtu Terræ motum minimè probari; certum <lb></lb>tamen eſſe dicitis, ex illo inæquali motu, varium ſequi aquarum motum; <lb></lb>quod certè ad hominem ſic vrgeo; ſi reverà eſſet hic motus, ex illius inæ<lb></lb>qualitate, varius aquarum motus ſequeretur, ſcilicet ex retardatione aqua<lb></lb>rum excurſio versùs Ortum, ex acceleratione, excurſio versùs Occaſum; <lb></lb>hoc non negatis, ſed conceditis vltrò; idque in cardinibus maximæ in<lb></lb>æqualitatis, aut ſaltem ſemper in iiſdem, cùm eadem cauſa idem ſem<lb></lb>per præſtet; ſed in nullo certo ac fixo temporis puncte huiuſmodi aqua<lb></lb>rum excurſiones fiunt, quod nemo neger, ſi cæcus & ſurdus; nullus eſt <lb></lb>igitur Terræ motus, ex quo alioqui prædicti effectus neceſſariò ſeque<lb></lb>rentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000505"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000506"> Facilis reſponſio nobis ſuppetit, qualem etiam veſtri adhi<lb></lb>bent, ſcilicet illam inæqualitatem motus, eſſe tantùm apparentem, iis <lb></lb>ſcilicet, qui ex Solari ſphæra oculos in Terram conjicerent; ſicut Cœle<lb></lb>ſtium ſphærarum motus nobis è Terra obſervantibus inæquales apparent; <lb></lb>cùm tamen re ipſa æquabiles ſint, igitur poſita reali motus æqualitate, <pb pagenum="45" xlink:href="025/01/049.jpg"></pb>vt noſtræ hypotheſi hoc argumentum à marino æſtu petitum non prodeſt, <lb></lb>ita nec obeſt: iam ſumus ergo pares. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000507"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000508"> Merum effugium eſt; cùm ſit vera & realis, vt aiunt, motus <lb></lb>inæqualitas; & vt ad tuam figuram veniam. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.049.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/049/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000509">Punctum E longè velociùs movetur, quàm F ; nam E in Ortum fertur, <lb></lb>vtroque motu, centri ſcilicet atque orbis, cùm tamen F toto quidem motu <lb></lb>centri feratur in Ortum, ſed cum toto motu orbis feratur in Occaſum, ex <lb></lb>vtriuſque motus maxima oppoſitione, motus ex vtroque mixtus maximè <lb></lb>retardatur, vt ex certiſſimis doctrinæ motuum principiis liquidò conſtat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000510">Prætereà non tantùm aquarum excurſio ex dicta motus inæqualitate ſeque<lb></lb>retur, verùm etiam alia, quæ facilè cadere poſſent, reverà caderent, ſive in <lb></lb>Ortum in maxima retardatione, ſive in maxima acceleratione versùs Occa<lb></lb>ſum; & ad hoc eadem facit analogia tranantis cymbæ; vbi enim hæc ad li<lb></lb>tus appellitur, homines parum cauti, qui in illa ſunt, non versùs puppim re<lb></lb>pelluntur à littore, ſed versùs proram proni ruunt; cymba enim retinet <lb></lb>fixa veſtigia, dum interim impetus ante impreſſus reliquum corpus an<lb></lb>trorſum agit; in quo etiam aliquam rationem vectis obſervo, hinc quo <lb></lb>altiores ſunt homines, in dicto caſu, faciliùs ruunt; quia vectis longior <lb></lb>eſt; ſed Auguſtine, hoc minimè fieri videmus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000511"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000512"> Hoc tuum argumentum, Antime, equidem ad homi<lb></lb>nem, vt aiunt, maximi momenti eſt; nec video quonam pacto illi, qui <lb></lb>ex dicta inæqualitate motus, eiuſmodi aquarum excurſiones ſe qui volunt, <pb pagenum="46" xlink:href="025/01/050.jpg"></pb>ab eo ſeſe expediant; Noſtri tamen eo non vtuntur, vtpote qui ſciant, <lb></lb>ex dicta inæqualitate, etiam ſuppoſita, minimè ſequi aquarum excur<lb></lb>ſiones, nempè eo motu ſingulæ partes illius globi moventur, ſeu tardiùs, <lb></lb>ſeu velociùs, quo totius motus ratio illas moveri poſtulàt; ac proinde il<lb></lb>lud globi punctum, quod ad Solem directè ſpectat de Meridie, tardè <lb></lb>movetur in Ortum, celeriter verò, vbi eſt oppoſitum in ipſa media no<lb></lb>cte; quia totus globus ita moveri poſtulat ſingulas ſui partes, imò etiam <lb></lb>in iis, quæ vaſe vehuntur, & ab extrinſeco motum & impetum recipiunt, <lb></lb>inæqualitas motus non ex abrupto, at ſenſim ſine ſenſu inducta nullum <lb></lb>alium effectum præter eandem rationem motus inducit; ſic cymba qua <lb></lb>vehitur aqua celeri motu, ſi ſenſim remittit, ac retardat motum, aut <lb></lb>certè tardiorem primum paulatim deinde accelerat, neque huc, neque <lb></lb>illuc aqua excurrit, nec ſtantes in navi huc aut illuc inclinari ſe ſentiunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000513"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000514"> Ita eſt; vt dicis; hoc argumentum contra illos ad hominem, <lb></lb>vt aiunt, à me adductum eſt, qui præfatos effectus ex illa motuum inæ<lb></lb>qualitate ſequi aſſerunt; at per te, mihi quæſo, liceat, idem argumen<lb></lb>tum etiam contra illos proſequi & vrgere, vt aiunt, qui negant dictos <lb></lb>effectus ex dicta inæqualitate ſequi, quorum ego; vt vereor ſenſa, ita <lb></lb>illis, opinor, ingratum non accidet, quod rem hanc paulò accura<lb></lb>tiùs diſcutiam, & ad certiſſima doctrinæ motuum principia reducam; <lb></lb>Primò ergo quidem ſuppono ex dicta doctrina, impetum ſemel impreſ<lb></lb>ſum non deſtrui, quamdiu fruſtrà non eſt, & conſequi poteſt ſuum ef<lb></lb>fectum, ſcilicet motum, qui & finis illius eſt, ſeu per eandem lineam, <lb></lb>ſeu per aliam, ad quam eſt nova determinatio; nulla enim eſt alia ratio, <lb></lb>propter quam impetus deſtruatur; ſic turbo v.g. diſcus æneus, Axe vtrim<lb></lb>que extante, in levigato plano diutiſſimè ſuos orbes agit, & ſi nullus <lb></lb>eſſet attritus partium, & Axis ad perfectam libellam, per diſci centrum <lb></lb>iret, nunquam hic motus ceſſaret. </s> <s id="s.000515">Prætereà, ſi globus tornatus deſcen<lb></lb>dat per planum declive probè lævigatum, quod poſt tantulam incurvatio<lb></lb>nem ſurſum ex adverſo, ſub eodem inclinationis angulo deflectatur; haud <lb></lb>dubiè ad imum primi plani declivis globus non ſiſtet, ſed per aliud ad <lb></lb>æqualem ferè altitudinem aſcendet, virtute impetus, in primo deſcenſu <lb></lb>acquiſiti, ad hanc portò lineam ab eodem plano determinatur; analo<lb></lb>giam perfectam in vibrato funependulo etiam habes, & in ipſa corporum <lb></lb>repercuſſione; deſtruitur tamen aliquid impetus in illo aſcenſu, ſcilicet <lb></lb>à quodam impetu innato, non acquiſito, qui gravibus ineſt, &, vt fa<lb></lb>cilè vobis perſuaderem, ab ipſa gravitate non diſtinguitur; ſic etiam ab <lb></lb>alio impetu obſtante, vel ad aliam lineam trahente, vnde ſequitur de<lb></lb>terminatio quædam mixta, ſenſim deſtruitur; ſed ne longiùs excurram, <lb></lb>illa omnia doctrinæ motuum principia hoc loco dumtaxat ſupponam, quæ <lb></lb>huius doctrinæ petiti facilè concedunt, & fusè alibi pertractata nec non <lb></lb>firmata fuêre. </s> <s id="s.000516">Primo igitur loco ſuppono, impetum nunquam deſtrui, <lb></lb>niſi quando eſt fruſtrà, id eſt, quando motus omnis impeditur, à quo<lb></lb>cunque tandem ſit ille impetus, ſive impreſſus ab extrinſeco, ſive ab ipſo <lb></lb>corpore in ſe productus, ſive à toto, parti, ſive toti à parte, ſive parti ab alia <lb></lb>parte, nam perinde eſt, quoad hoc principium. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="47" xlink:href="025/01/051.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000517"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000518"> Hoc facilè damus, imò hoc pro generali axiomate libenter <lb></lb>admitto, nihil vnquam deſtrui, niſi quando eſſe non poteſt, niſi fruſtrà <lb></lb>ſit. </s> <s id="s.000519">Sic anima, quæ defectu corrupti organi non poteſt ampliùs operari <lb></lb>in corpore, deſinit eſſe, omninò quidem, ſi extrà organum operari <lb></lb>non poteſt, vt de animabus brutarum animantium Philoſophi docent, non <lb></lb>tamen omninò & abſolutè, ſed in corpore tantùm, ſi extrà organum opera<lb></lb>ri poteſt, vt anima rationalis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000520"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſec.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000521"> Hoc idem principium ad alias qualitates etiam extendi poteſt; <lb></lb>caloris v.g. frigoris, &c. </s> <s id="s.000522">quæ quamdiu ſuum finem conſequi, & præſta<lb></lb>re effectum poſſunt, in ſubjecto, cui inhærent, tamdiu in eo permanent <lb></lb>intactæ; vt ſi per actionem qualitatis contrariæ novus effectus inducitur, <lb></lb>ac proinde, vel totus prior, vel pars illius deſinit, tunc prima illa qualitas <lb></lb>in ſubjecto illo fruſtra eſſe dicitur, ac proinde vel ſecundùm ſe totam, <lb></lb>ſi totus effectus abactus eſt, vel ſecundùm ſui partem, pro rata effectus <lb></lb>deſtructi, eſſe deſinit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000523"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000524"> Ad ſpeciem hæc fortè cuipiam vera eſſe videntur; at profectò <lb></lb>res ſecus ſe habet in præfatis qualitatibus, de quibus modò diſputatio <lb></lb>inſtituta non eſt, ſatis mihi eſt, ſi in noſtro impetu res ita ſe habeat; ad<lb></lb>mitto etiam ea, quæ dixiſti, Auguſtine, de anima rationali; de brutorum <lb></lb>animabus aliqua fortè difficultas eſſet, ſed huius loci non eſt. </s> <s id="s.000525">Sit igitur <lb></lb>ſecundum principium ex eadem doctrina motuum huc derivatum, cor<lb></lb>pus eo motu movetur, quo faciliùs moveri poteſt, minore ſcilicet ſum<lb></lb>ptu, & cum minore difficultate, compenſatque vt plurimum in vno, <lb></lb>quod in alio difficiliùs tantùm obtinere poſſet; hæc iam ſupra indicavi in <lb></lb>primo congreſſu; ſic cylindrus, vel in plano lævigato iacens, vel humido <lb></lb>innatans ab altera extremitate pulſus, vel tractus etiam per lineam per<lb></lb>pendiculariter incidentem, motu recto non movetur. </s> <s id="s.000526">ſed circulari, circa <lb></lb>centrum, quod terminat mediam proportionalem totam inter & dimi<lb></lb>diam, ita vt major quantitas ſit versùs illam extremitatem, cui potentia <lb></lb>motrix applicata eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000527"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000528"> Licèt fortè in parergum incidamus, tantulum ſchematis de<lb></lb>ſidero, vt rem à te ſolo auditam meliùs intelligam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000529"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000530"> Non opus eſt alio ſchemate: Supponamus enim cylindrum <lb></lb>BC (<emph type="italics"></emph>in Fig. pag.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>45.) innatantem humido, pulſum in B, ſitque vt BC <lb></lb>ad BK, ita hæc ad BA, & ex K ducantur arcus BG, CN ſimiles, duca<lb></lb>turque GKN; cylindrus pulſus, vt dixi ex B, deſcribit ſuo motu duos <lb></lb>ſectores BKG, CKN, quia ſcilicet ſpatium vtroque contentum eſt om<lb></lb>nium poſſibilium minimum, ſuppoſito quolibet alio arcu, non minore <lb></lb>BG, & duobus radiis, qui ſimul coniuncti ſint æquales toti BC, quod <lb></lb>aliàs demonſtraui, nempe à ſectoribus ſimilibus ad triangula propor<lb></lb>tionalia, & ab his ad ſimplicem lineam gradum faciens, reduxi rem ad <lb></lb>hoc problema, datam quantitatem ita ſecare, vt maius ſegmentum ſit <lb></lb>ad minus, vt hoc ad tertium, & compoſita ex duabus extremis ſit om<lb></lb>nium poſſibilium minima; vel ſic Datæ quantitati vnam partem detra<lb></lb>here, & aliam addere, vt reſidua ſit ad detractam, vt detracta ad addi-<pb pagenum="48" xlink:href="025/01/052.jpg"></pb>tam, & compoſita ex reſidua, & addita ſit omnium poſſibilium minima; <lb></lb>ſed his omiſſis & ſuppoſitis, eo motu hic cylindrus, atque adeò cœteris <lb></lb>paribus, quodlibet corpus movetur, ſive ab intrinſeco, ſive ab extrin<lb></lb>ſeco, quo faciliùs moveri poteſt; idem obſervamus in ſagittis aliiſque <lb></lb>corporibus oblongis, ſi vel aliquando ſponte ſua cadunt, vel projiciun<lb></lb>tur; ſed luculentum exemplum omittere non poſſum, globi ſcilicet per <lb></lb>planum declive deſcendentis, cùm enim duobus modis deorſum ferri <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> <s id="s.000531">Primò vno dumtaxat motu centri, quo ſingulæ partes per lineas <lb></lb>plano inclinato parallelas eant. </s> <s id="s.000532">Secundo motu rotationis, mixto ſcilicet <lb></lb>ex motibus centri & orbis; hoc ſecundo modo movetur, non verò pri<lb></lb>mo, quem multus partium affrictus maximoperè retardaret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000533"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc concedere non poſſum; ideò enim movetur hoc motu, <lb></lb>quia cùm centrum gravitatis globi ſit extra perpendiculum, quid mirum, ſi <lb></lb>eò inclinet, vnde motus orbis neceſſariò ſequitur; vt facilè etiam ſine <lb></lb>figura quivis intelligat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000534"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000535"> Nonnihil tamen figuræ adhibeo, vt maximam difficultatem, <lb></lb>quam ego quidem ſentio, in eo, quod dicis, mihi excutias. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.052.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/052/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000536">Sit planum inclinatum DH, & in eo <lb></lb>globus gravis, tangens planum in D, per<lb></lb>pendicularis AF, à centro globi ducta; <lb></lb>ſintque aliæ duæ lineæ BAG, CI, plano <lb></lb>parallelæ, deſcendit globus A, vt dixi, <lb></lb>non quidem primo modo, ita vt punctum <lb></lb>C ſequatur lineam CI, & punctum D <lb></lb>lineam DH. </s> <s id="s.000537">Sed per rotationem, vt <lb></lb>aiunt, ita vt circa centrum A, aliæ par<lb></lb>tes moveantur, quia, inquis, centrum <lb></lb>globi A eſt extra perpendiculum; de quo amabò perpendiculo intelligis <gap></gap><lb></lb>an de BD ducto à puncto contactus, an verò de AF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000538"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000539"> Vtrumque intelligo; vt enim globus ſuſtineatur in plano <lb></lb>DH, perpendiculum, quod ducitur a puncto contactus B, per centrum <lb></lb>A ite deberet; vnde certè planum eſſet horizonti parallelum; quando <lb></lb>verò vnum perpendiculum cum alio non concurrit, vt in hoc caſu, <lb></lb>tunc planum eſt inclinatum; igitur cùm centrum A per lineam perpendi<lb></lb>cularem AE non ſuſtineatur à plano, vlteriùs enim ad F pertingit, deſcen<lb></lb>dat neceſſe eſt, cùm deſcendere poſſit; in aliis omnibus corporibus, per<lb></lb>fectam analogiam habes. </s> <s id="s.000540">Sit enim planum horizontale CN, & in eo <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.052.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/052/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>rectangulum CB, cuius centrum gravitatis F, ita <lb></lb>inclinetur rectangulum CB, donec perveniat ad <lb></lb>ſitum DI, exiſtente centro gravitatis in H, ac <lb></lb>proinde cùm perpendiculam HL cadat extrà <lb></lb>punctum contactus D, deorſum tendit, & to<lb></lb>tum rectangulum ruit. </s> <s id="s.000541">Idem prorsùs de globo <lb></lb>dicendum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000542"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000543"> Crede mihi, Auguſtine, multi ſæpè <lb></lb>ac ſæpiùs paralogiſmis, & falſis præoccupatio-<pb pagenum="49" xlink:href="025/01/053.jpg"></pb>nibus abripi ſe ſinunt, quod in præſenti caſu, meo ſaltem iudicio, acci<lb></lb>dit; vt enim in tua ſiſtamus figura; non negabis, opinor, centrum H <lb></lb>minimè deſcenſurum, ſi fortè propiùs ad planum CN accedere non poſ<lb></lb>ſet, cùm ex ipſis terminis idem ſit deſcendere, & propriùs ad planum DN <lb></lb>accedere; At verò centrum A (<emph type="italics"></emph>in Figura perultima<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) propiùs ad planum in cli<lb></lb>natum DH accedere non poteſt, à quo æquali ſemper diſtantiæ menſura <lb></lb>diſtat, ſcilicet radio, vnus autem radius alteri æqualis eſt; hinc nunquam <lb></lb>diſcedit à linea AG parallela Plano DH, & quodlibet perpendiculum ad <lb></lb>planum terminatum à centro A ductum lineæ AF æquale eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000544"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000545"> Proptereà globus deſcendit, quia eius centrum A non <lb></lb>ſuſtinetur in puncto contactus, cùm ſuſtineri non poſſit niſi in perpen<lb></lb>diculo AF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000546"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000547"> Rectè, Proptereà globus deſcendit; ſed profectò non pro<lb></lb>pterea globus volvitur, ſive enim volvatur deorſum, ſive deſcendat iux<lb></lb>ta primum modum in ſitu, in quo eſt, centrum A per eandem lineam <lb></lb>AG, deorſum tendit, nec vnquam ab ea diſcedit, aut diſcedere poteſt; <lb></lb>cur igitur cum vtroque modo, per eandem lineam deſcendere poſſit, hoc <lb></lb>ſecundo potiùs, quàm illo primo deſcendit? </s> <s id="s.000548">quod enim dicis, Auguſti<lb></lb>ne, centrum gravitatis A eſſe extra perpendiculum, ac proptereà deſ<lb></lb>cendere, id totum verum eſt, & à me admittitur, vndè reverà deſcen<lb></lb>dit; ſed per lineam AG, infrà quam deſcendere nequit; ſed cùm per eam <lb></lb>vtroque modo ire poſſit, ac proinde deſcendere, cur, quæſo, vno <lb></lb>potiùs quàm alio? </s> <s id="s.000549">Sed hoc alio exemplo fortè luculentiore clariſſimè <lb></lb>oſtendo. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.053.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/053/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000550">Sit planum inclinatum AB, ſit rectan<lb></lb>gulum C in eo collocatum; certè ſi ſup<lb></lb>ponatur vtrumque lævigatum, deſcen<lb></lb>det rectangulum, per dictum planum, <lb></lb>ibitque centrum gravitatis C per CP <lb></lb>parallelam plano; nec enim aliter per ſe <lb></lb>deſcendere poteſt, nec volvi circa angu<lb></lb>lum D, quod fieri deberet, vt fueret; <lb></lb>alioquin centrum C in revolutione aſcen<lb></lb>deret, quod dici non poteſt; Sit enim <lb></lb>CD perpendiculum, & CN horizontalis, haud dubie ſi C volvatur <lb></lb>circa D, radio DC, tangens decta à puncto C, perpendicularis in <lb></lb>CD, ibit ſuprà horizontalem CN, vt patet ad oculum: Dixi per ſe, <lb></lb>nam per accidens, cùm à plani ſcabutie impediri poſſit, latus AD, ſu<lb></lb>perior portio quæ libera eſt, impetus vi acquiſiti, prævalens, deor<lb></lb>ſum circum volvitur circa angulum D ; ſed hoc per accidens fit. </s> <s id="s.000551">Sit autem <lb></lb>aliud rectangulam F in eodem plano inclinato, perpendiculum, FH, ho<lb></lb>rizontalis FO; certè ſi ducatur tangens FK perpendicularis<gap></gap> MF; ſi <lb></lb>centrum F circa M radio MF volvatur, ibit infra FO, igitur non aſcen<lb></lb>det ſed deſcendet. </s> <s id="s.000552">itaque vt ad noſtrum globum redeat oratio cùm </s> <s id="s.000553">nec <lb></lb>circa punctum D volvi poſſit centrum A, (<emph type="italics"></emph>in Figura antepenuissima<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) niſi in-<pb pagenum="50" xlink:href="025/01/054.jpg"></pb>frà rectam AG deſcendat, nec ab hac poſſit diſcedere; certè non ideò <lb></lb>globus volvitur, vt centrum A deſcendat, cùm deſcendere poſſit, etiamſi <lb></lb>non volvatur; igitur ideò volvitur, ſeu rotatur, quia cum vtroque modo <lb></lb>deſcendere valeat centrum A, per eandem ſcilicet lineam AG, & cùm pri<lb></lb>mo modo difficiliùs deſcendat, propter affrictum partium; ideò ſecundo <lb></lb>modo deſcendit, quia ſic faciliùs deſcendit; ſic enim corpus grave non mo<lb></lb>do determinatum eſt ad motum, ſed etiam ad faciliorem, cæteris paribus, <lb></lb>motum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000554"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000555"> Audivi hactenus, in rotis valere rationem vectis; eſt enim <lb></lb>vectis quidam perpetuus; vnde manifeſta petitur ratio, cur majoribus <lb></lb>rotis currus inſtruantur; nempe inde creſcit mechanicæ potentiæ mo<lb></lb>mentum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000556"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000557"> Quis negat, in rotis haberi rationem vectis in vecte tamen ſup<lb></lb>ponitur aliquod punctum quaſi immobile, quod in ipſo Hypomoclio col<lb></lb>locatur; quod vt meliùs intelligatur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.054.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/054/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000558">Supponatur planum DH eſſe horizon<lb></lb>tale, in quo ſit rota, eaque trahatur fune <lb></lb>AG, inſerto ſcilicet axe per <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan> illius <lb></lb>A, haud dubiè ſi æquè facile <expan abbr="vtraq;">vtraque</expan> extre<lb></lb>mitas diametri rotæ DC adduci poſſet à <lb></lb>potentia trahente per AG vtraque extre<lb></lb>mitas, ac proinde reliquæ omnes partes <lb></lb>rotæ per parallelas AG adducerentur, & <lb></lb>omnes æquè citò <expan abbr="moverẽtur">moverentur</expan>, vt reverà fit, <lb></lb>ſi rota humido innatet; at <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> propter <expan abbr="af-frictũ">af<lb></lb>frictum</expan> planireta; detur D, ac proinde difficiliùs accedat: <expan abbr="punctũ">punctum</expan> C longè faci<lb></lb>liùs accedit; item A. &c. </s> <s id="s.000559">ac proinde citiùs <expan abbr="accedũt">accedunt</expan>, ex quo inæquali acceſſu, <lb></lb>propter partium nexum, motus orbis neceſſariò ſequitur: Iam vero ſuppo<lb></lb>ne planum inclinatum, & nullam potentiam extrinſecam applicatam eſſe <lb></lb>centro A, ſed ſolam ineſſe gravitatem rotæ, quæ à centro A exeritur ab <lb></lb>intrinſeco, eodem prorſus modo, quo ante à potentia, fune applicata <lb></lb>in plano horrizontali, & vt potentia extrinſeca movet rotam eo motu, quo <lb></lb>faciliùs moveri poteſt, mixto ſcilicet ex motu centri & orbis, in hoc plano, <lb></lb>ita & propria rotæ gravitas in inclinato; quid clarius? </s> <s id="s.000560">maneat igitur illud <lb></lb>principium, quòd ſcilicet corpora eo motu moveantur, cæteris paribus, quo <lb></lb>faciliùs moveri poſſunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000561"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000562"> Do manus, & rem optimè capio, ſed antequam vlteriùs per<lb></lb>gas, vnum ex te, Antime; reſcire velim, circa ca, quæ in heſterno con<lb></lb>greſſu à te accepi. </s> <s id="s.000563">Illico probavi, vbi diſceſſiſti, pulcherrimum illud expe<lb></lb>rimentum tubi vitrei, in quo aqua per ſpiras deſcendit, dum ſurſum extru<lb></lb>dit, eo, quo dixiſti, modo incluſam illam aëris portionem; obſervavi <lb></lb>enim. illam aëris portionem in cylindrum priore contractiorem, vt labenti <lb></lb>aquæ ſecus cavam tubi ſuperficiem locus detur, conformari, ita vt tamen <lb></lb>ſupicma pars ſit convexa ſphærica infima verò baſis, omnino plana, ſaltem <lb></lb>provt oculo ſubjicitur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="51" xlink:href="025/01/055.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000564"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000565"> Memini me legiſſe vel audiiſſe præclariſſimam huius Phæno<lb></lb>neni rationem, nempe illa portio aëtis, aqua levior, vt in aſcenſu aquæ vim <lb></lb>& reſiſtentiam faciliùs frangat & ſuperet, huiuſmodi quaſi cuneatam figu<lb></lb>ram induit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000566"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000567"> An fortè pro demonſtratione hoc venditares? </s> <s id="s.000568">Sed vnde, quæſo, <lb></lb>& qua vi, ſeu virtute aër in hanc formam ſeſe faſtigiat? </s> <s id="s.000569">Certè ſi ad per<lb></lb>rumpendum ſurſum faciliùs, mucronem illum nimis obtuſum, ſphæricum <lb></lb>ſcilicet, in acutiorem conicum attenuare & acuere debuerat, cunei enim <lb></lb>eò validiores ſunt, quò acutiores. </s> <s id="s.000570">Deinde æquè facilè aqua ſuperficiem <lb></lb>ſphæricam aëris dividere poteſt ac planam: præterea cur minor aëris portio <lb></lb>aquæ reſiſtentiam citiùs perrumpit, & ſurſum emergit? </s> <s id="s.000571">Nempe vt corpus <lb></lb>grave majus gravitatem ſuam potentiùs exerit, ita & leve majus ſuam le<lb></lb>vitatem; ſed cur aqua ſimiliter cuneum cuneo minimè opponit? </s> <s id="s.000572">an fortè <lb></lb>in ratione gravis corporis aëri cedit, quatenus hic corpus leve eſt? </s> <s id="s.000573">itaque <lb></lb>alia omnino rationem; cùm enim aqua tendat vt: sùs latera tubi, per quæ <lb></lb>deinde ſuas ſp<gap></gap>agens, vt dixi, deſcendit, eo certè ex medio tubo, <lb></lb>ſenſim ruere non poreſt, niſi quoquo versùm cylindri aeris ſuperiorem <lb></lb>marginem quaſi excutiat, & quaſi ſeſe in novam cunei formam induat, eſt <lb></lb>enim cuneus latior in ſummo, in imo acutior; neque in hoc vlla eſt difficul<lb></lb>tas; multa ſanè eaque ſcitu digna ſuper hoc experimento mihi dicenda eſ<lb></lb>ſent, ſed omitto, ne in parergis toti ſimus; inferior verò portio, ſeu baſis <lb></lb>plana eſt; quia nullum aquæ pondu illam emarginat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000574"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000575"> Sed quid ſi oleum aquæ loco adhibeas; aut certè non <lb></lb>aëris, ſed olei portionem tubo includas, aut demum oleum ſimul & <lb></lb>aëra? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000576"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000577"> Si oleum loco aquæ, idem fiet; quanquam paulò lentiùs aëris <lb></lb>portio ſurſum evadet; ſi verò aëris loco, eodem modo, & ſub eadem <lb></lb>forma, ſed multò lentius; quia ſcilicet oleum eſt longè gravius aëre: ſi <lb></lb>demum ſimul vtrumque, aër oleum longè poſt ſe relinquet; ſi tamen dum <lb></lb>olei patricula mediam tubi altitudinem decurrit, poſtquam aër iam emer<lb></lb>ſit tubum inverta;, aër certè oleum facilè aſſequitur, nec non per medium <lb></lb>oleum perrumpit, ſervata eadem figura; quanquam tunc oleum ſeſe non pa<lb></lb>rum dilatat, vt ſurſum aëra extrudat; aut ſaltem vt eidem, vtpote leviori, <lb></lb>tranſitum cedat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000578"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000579"> Aliquando accidit in eo conflictu, vt aëris bullula ſupremæ <lb></lb>olei ſuperficiei adhæſerit & quaſi captiva remanſerit; tunc verò, vt <lb></lb>fidelis obſervator refert, paulo citiùs oleum emerſit, aër enim addidit <lb></lb>alas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000580"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000581"> Oleum, vt probè tenetis, ſua vligine particulam aëris intra <lb></lb>buliam continere potuit, nempe bullæ ex materia vliginoſa tornantur; <lb></lb>quod autem totum illud corpus ex aëre & oleo conſtans, paulò faciliùs ab <lb></lb>aqua ſurſum extrudatur, vel à levitate viribus auctis feratur, mirum eſſe <lb></lb>non debet: de levitate hoc loco non diſputo, aio tamen, ex hoc experi<lb></lb>mento, minime probari, immo potiùs, vt patet, ex iis, quæ dicta ſunt, <lb></lb>impugnari. </s> <s id="s.000582">Sed ad alia principia ex doctrina motuum accerſenda pergen-<pb pagenum="52" xlink:href="025/01/056.jpg"></pb>dum eſt, Dico igitur tertio loco, in tantum corpus vnum ab alio moveri, <lb></lb>præſcindendo à magneticis, & electricis, in quantum illud aliquem mo<lb></lb>tum impedit; ſi enim id quod movetur nullo modo ab alio impeditur, <lb></lb>nullam vim prorſus contra illud retorquet; & hoc nemo negaverit, qui hu<lb></lb>ius doctrinæ peritus ſit; ſic directus ictus vegetior eſt, obliquus verò debi<lb></lb>lior; in globulis, qui adhiberi ſolent in ludo minoris tudiculæ, res eſt om<lb></lb>nino perſpicua. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000583"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000584"> Videtur eſſe quoddam paradoxum, quod dicis cauſam ſcilicet <lb></lb>potentiùs agere, quando magis impeditur, erit fortè quædam antiperiſtaſis; <lb></lb>ſic ignis <gap></gap>calidior eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000585"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000586"> Ita eſt, paradoxum eſſe videtur; ſi quis tamen rectè perpendat, <lb></lb>impetum eum dumtaxat finem, vel effectum habere, ac præſtare immo<lb></lb>bili, cui ineſt, vt hoc moveatur, tali ſcilicet motu & modo, qui offectus <lb></lb>ſi non impeditur ab alio. </s> <s id="s.000587">fruſtra certè contra illud vim ſuam exerit, ſi v. <lb></lb>g. corpori dum movetur, à tergo manum admoveas, aut certè à frontè, ea <lb></lb>ea tamen lege, vt manum admotam æquè citò moveas, nullam <lb></lb>vim, nullum impetum manui tuæ imprimi ſenties; quia hæc nullo modo <lb></lb>impedit illius corporis motum; ſi verò mobile in aliud corpus impinga<lb></lb>tur, quod motui obeſt, in illud agit, impreſſoque impetu, illud amovet, vnde, <lb></lb>vt dixi, finis primarius impetus eſt mobilis, cui ineſt, motus; ſecundarius <lb></lb>verò, & quem dumtaxat propter primum ponit, eſt motus alterius cor<lb></lb>poris, quod dictum motum impedit; nec mirum, ſi impetus alium impetum <lb></lb>producit, in eo ſcilicet, quod proprij mobilis motum impedit: Hinc ſi Phi<lb></lb>loſopho in verbis ludere liceret, dici à me poſſet <emph type="italics"></emph>impetus,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quaſi <emph type="italics"></emph>impedi<lb></lb>tur,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> cùm nunquam agat, & ſuam vim exerat, niſi impediatur. </s> <s id="s.000588">His præ<lb></lb>miſſis, ad rem venio, Auguſtine; Repetamus figuram Sextam, & primo <lb></lb>quidem loco vnum dicam, quod vix apud vos fidem inveniat, licèt cer<lb></lb>tiſſimum ſit, geometrica ſcilicet demonſtratione confirmatum; illud <lb></lb>autem ad incredibilem proportionem inæqualitatis motus rotæ, in <lb></lb>diverſis illius punctis conſiderati pertinet; dico iterum incredi<lb></lb>bilem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000589"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> locaris, Antime: quis Auriga, Rhedarius, Carpentarius hoc <lb></lb>neſcit? </s> <s id="s.000590">quis oculos figens non videt, ſuperius rotæ punctum à plano, in <lb></lb>quo rota volvitur, tota rotæ diametro diſtans, velociùs agi, quàm infimum, <lb></lb>in quo ſcilicet rota planum tangit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000591"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000592"> Serio loquor, Chryſocome, non iocor; vident omnes eſſe quidem <lb></lb>inæquales motus, ſed nemo crederet tantam inæqualitatis propor<lb></lb>tionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000593"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000594"> Quanta porrò illa erit? </s> <s id="s.000595">fac ſupremum illud punctum moveri <lb></lb>duplo citiùs infimo, aut etiam triplo, quadruplo, decuplo, vt voles; quid <lb></lb>tandem erit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000596"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> videbis paulò poſt; ſed amabo te, Auguſtine, cogita maximam <lb></lb>quam potes proportionem inæqualitatis; & videbis vtrùm illa, quam eſſe <lb></lb>conſtat in rigore geometrico, ſit incredibilis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000597"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000598"> Si centuplam eſſe dixero, vera haud dubiè longè maior erit, & <pb pagenum="53" xlink:href="025/01/057.jpg"></pb>vix vllus tantam eſſe crediderit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000599"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000600"> At ſi maiorem centupla, immo & millecupla, & centena mille<lb></lb>cupla eſſe dicerem, omnem fidem omnino detrectares? </s> <s id="s.000601">ſi dicerem majorem <lb></lb>eſſe quacumque deſignabili, illico iocari me diceres, Chryſocome, vt tamen <lb></lb>verbo dicam, res ita ſe habet, vt facilè demonſtratur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000602"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000603"> Sed quæſo te, noli nos vltra in geometrica retia & Labyrinthos <lb></lb>deducere, hæc enim totam congreſſui gratiam & amœnitatem ſenticeta eri<lb></lb>piunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000604"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000605"> Si quando illis retibus aliquam veritatem nos fœliciter expi<lb></lb>ſcari contingat, crede mihi Chryſocome, illa retia non ſunt adeò inamœna, <lb></lb>ſed vt tibi morem geram, nihil ferè dicam quod etiam ab A geometris facilè <lb></lb>intelligi non poſſit. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.057.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/057/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000606">Sit ergo Rota D, quæ volvitur in plano FG, punctum E ſupre<lb></lb>mum, F infimum, ita autem moveatur, vt motus orbis, ſeu rotæ <lb></lb>circa centrum D, ſit æqualis motui eiuſdem centri D ; ac proinde eodem <lb></lb>tempore, quo E v.g. integrum ſuum orbem circa D decurrit, centrum D. <lb></lb>lineam rectam decurrat æqualem peripheriæ eiuſdem rotæ, vel circuli, mo<lb></lb>vetur autem E motu illo mixto per lineam curuam EQV, quam haud <lb></lb>improprio nomine cycloidem vocatis, cuius ſubduplam dumtaxat figuram <lb></lb>delineavi; nam perinde eſt, ſive punctum Rotæ ab E ſupremo perveniat <lb></lb>ad infimum V per curvam EQV, ſive ab imo V ad ſupremum E per <lb></lb>VQE. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="54" xlink:href="025/01/058.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000607"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc eſt cyclois illa, quæ tot ac tantos excitavit tumultus, <lb></lb>de qua etiam opuſculum geometricum edidiſti; ſub nomine Antimi <lb></lb>Farbij. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000608"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000609"> Non agnoſcerem pro in ea lucubratiuncolam illam, ni<lb></lb>ſi me <expan abbr="gratī">gratim</expan> animi ratio ſtimularet; enim verò facere non poſſum, <lb></lb>quin hoc loco inſignem proſectò Geometram P. Stephanum De An<lb></lb>gelis digniſſimum magni illius Cavalerij diſcipulum appellem, ei<lb></lb>que gratias, quam poſſum maximas agam, pro iis laudibus, qui<lb></lb>bus liberaliùs certè quàm par fuiſſet, cùm iis longè inferior ſim, pro ſua <lb></lb>humanitate, me alioquin prorſus incognitum, ratione præfati opuſculi cu<lb></lb>mulavit; ſed ad rem noſtram. </s> <s id="s.000610">Comparemus vtriuſque puncti motus, ſu<lb></lb>premi ſcilicet atque infimi; quod vt clariùs ſuccedat, ſit arcus EP. trigin<lb></lb>ta grad. punctum E, dum prædictum arcum decurrit, deferturque à cen<lb></lb>tro D ſiniſtrorſum, ſcilicet versùs V, acquirit ſiniſtrorſum ratione vtriuſ<lb></lb>que motus, totum ſpatium OQ, ſcilicet ratione motus orbis, rectam OP, <lb></lb>id eſt ſinum rectum EP, quem ſuppono eſſe 30. grad. & ratione motus <lb></lb>centri, rectam PQ æqualem ipſi arcui ER, tantumdem enim Spatij cen<lb></lb>trum decurrit, ergo ratione vtriuſque totum ſpatium <expan abbr="Oq.">OQ</expan> Iam verò ſit <lb></lb>FR arcus æqualis 30. ſcilicet grad. punctum R eodem tempore motu or<lb></lb>bis acquirit dextrorſum <expan abbr="ſpatiũ">ſpatium</expan> RS, & motu centri <expan abbr="ſũ">ſiniſtrorſum</expan> ſpatium FT <lb></lb>æquale arcui FR. exiſtis autem duobus motibus reſultat R T. </s> <s id="s.000611">Iam compa<lb></lb>remus hæc duo ſpatia, ſcilicet. </s> <s id="s.000612">EQ, & RT, vel OQ, & differentiam <lb></lb>SR, FT, ſit DE 100000. OP, ſubdupla DE erit 50000. vt autem 7. ad <lb></lb>11.ita DE ad arcum EI, id eſt ad 157143.cuius terti ars ſcilicet 52381. <lb></lb>erit æqualis arcui EP, vel rectæ <expan abbr="Pq;">PQ</expan> igitur tota OQ, addito vno nume<lb></lb>ro alteri, erit 102381. ducatur deinde per punctum R, ſecans DR, haud <lb></lb>dubiè cadet vltra punctum T, versùs V, nempe tangens, quæ terminatur <lb></lb>ad dictam ſecantem eſt ſemilatus polygoni circumſcripti; igitur major <lb></lb>arcu FR; igitur ſegmentum illud ſecantis ſeu differentia ſecantis, & ſinus <lb></lb>totius eſt maior ſpatio RT; igitur ſi ſupponamus æqualem, faciemus mo<lb></lb>tú R maiorem vero; accipio igitur ſecantem arcus FR, & in canone inve<lb></lb>nio 115470. ex quo numero detraho ſinum totum 100000. reſiduum erit <lb></lb>15470. hæc eſt RT, qùæ ferè eſt vna 7.igitur motus puncti E ad motum <lb></lb>puncti R toto tempore quo decurritur arcus FP, vel RS eſt vt 7. <lb></lb>ad 1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000613"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000614"> Sed vbinam illa tua millecupla inæqualitatis proportio? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000615">ad populum phaleras; vos ſanè Mathematici, multa promittitis, pau<lb></lb>ca præſtatis; totum orbem movetis, & vix murum in ruinam præcipitem <lb></lb>ſuſtinetis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000616"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000617"> Parciùs iſta viris, Chryſocome, nam fortè aliquando incides in <lb></lb>manus cuiuſpiam ex iis, quos puros Geometras vocant, à quo immiſericor<lb></lb>diter vapulabis, iis arma profectò non deſunt, ſagittæ ſcilicet, ſecantes, <lb></lb>ſecures, cunei, roſtra & vngues; expecta igitur parumper, nam pedeten<lb></lb>tim cum iſta rota progredimur, accipe arcum 15. grad. id eſt ſubduplam <pb pagenum="55" xlink:href="025/01/059.jpg"></pb>PQ, erit æqualis 26190. cui ſi addas ſinum rectum eiuſdem arcus, ſcili<lb></lb>cet. 25038. erit compoſita ex vtraque 51228. rejecta minutia, hic erit mo<lb></lb>tus puncto E, eo tempore, quo decurrit arcum 15.grad. iam verò accipe <lb></lb>ſecantem eiuſdem anguli 103290. ex qua, ſi ſubſtrahas ſinum totum, reſi<lb></lb>duum erit 3290. hic eſt motus puncti F, eodem tempore, qui ad priorem <lb></lb>habet rationem 1/1<gap></gap> iam verò ſi accipias arcum 3. grad. ſcilicet 5238. eiuſ<lb></lb>dem ſinum rectum 5233. compoſita ex vtraque erit 10471. differentia ve<lb></lb>rò ſecantis & ſinus totius ejuſdem anguli 137. Cùm igitur motus E per <lb></lb>arcum 3. grad. ſit ad motum F per arcum æqualem vt 10471. ad 137. erit <lb></lb>vt 75. ad 1. ſit motus per arcum 1. grad. erit compoſita ex arcu & ſinu 3491. <lb></lb>differentia ſecantis & ſinus totius 15. igitur ratio maioris motus ad <expan abbr="mino-rẽ">mino<lb></lb>rem</expan> <gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.000618">Accipe arcum 30. minutorum, erit ſumma, arcus & ſinus recti 1746. <lb></lb>differentia 4. igitur ratio <gap></gap> accipiamus 15. erit, ſumma 872. differentia <lb></lb>1. igitur ratio <gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.000619">Si vltra progredimur, ſecantes ceſſant in canone Pi<lb></lb>tiſci, etſi veniamus ad <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan> <expan abbr="minutũ">minutum</expan>, quid tandem erit? </s> <s id="s.000620">quid ſi ad vnum ſe<lb></lb>cundum, aut tertium &c. </s> <s id="s.000621">immo quantumvis parvum arcum accipias, erit <lb></lb>maior proportio ex triplici capite. </s> <s id="s.000622">Primò, quia curva EQ eſt maior rectâ <lb></lb>OQ, ſed per EQ movetur punctum E, idem de aliis arcubus. </s> <s id="s.000623">Secundò, <lb></lb>quia differentia ſecantis & ſinus recti eſt major RT, igitur, hic accipitur <lb></lb>maior, illic verò minor motus, quàm reverà ſit. </s> <s id="s.000624">Tertiò quia E à puncto <lb></lb>oppoſitionis versùs Q continuò retardat motum ſuum; igitur movetur <lb></lb>velociùs in primo gradu, quam in ſecundo & in hoc citiùs, quàm in ter<lb></lb>tio, atque ita deinceps 5 cum tamen F à puncto oppoſitionis verſus R mo<lb></lb>tum ſuum continuò acceleret; ac proinde moveatur citius in ſecun<lb></lb>do gradu quàm in primo & in tertio quàm in ſecundo, atque ita dein<lb></lb>ceps; conſtat igitur: quod initio à me propoſitum fuit, majorem <lb></lb>eſſe proportionem motus ſupremi puncti rotæ; quæ in plano volvi<lb></lb>tur, ad motum infimi, qualibet aſſignabili; hinc paradoxum egre<lb></lb>gium, ita moveri duo extrema ejuſdem lineæ finitæ, vt vnum alio infi<lb></lb>nities velociùs moveatur, infinities, inquam, Syncategorematicè, <lb></lb>nec eſt par ratio rotæ, quæ motu tantùm orbis movetur, quia centrum <lb></lb>illius ſupponitur immobile, nec vllum punctum aſſignari poteſt, in radio <lb></lb>mobili, circa alteram extremitatem, cujus motus ad motum alterius ex<lb></lb>tremitatis certam & finitam proportionem non habeat; denique huc etiam <lb></lb>plurimùm, immo totum facit angulus contingentiæ, quem prædictus circu<lb></lb>lus cum plano facit eo ſanè minorem, quo circulus major eſt, cùm enim <lb></lb>quolibet angulo rectilineo, quamtumvis minimo, minor ſit, id que in infini<lb></lb>tum; motus puncti infimi rotæ, ſeu contactus, eo ipſo incipit, quò tangere <lb></lb>planum deſinit, intercepto dumtaxat dicti anguli contingentiæ cuſpide, <lb></lb>omni rectilineo minore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000625"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000626"> Quid ſi aliquis diceret, punctum illud aliquantulum quieſcere, <lb></lb>ad inſtar cuiuſdam polygoni infinitorum laterum? </s> <s id="s.000627">Sic enim polygonum in <lb></lb>plano volvitur, vt circa ſingulos laterum angulos totum polygonum ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſivè volvatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000628"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000629"> Scio, à viro doctiſſimo hæc iam olim fuiſſe dicta, ſed Geome-<pb pagenum="56" xlink:href="025/01/060.jpg"></pb>triæ repugnat, vt circulus polygonum dicatur, nam omnes radij circuli <lb></lb>æquales ſunt, ſecus Polygoni; deinde Polygonum in plano moveri non <lb></lb>poteſt, niſi eius centrum modò aſcendat, modò deſcendat, vt patet; at <lb></lb>centrum circuli ab eadem linea plano, in quo volvitur parallela; nunquam <lb></lb>deſcendit; igitur circulus polygonum dici non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000630"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Cùm illa inæqualitatis proportio inaſſignabilis, ac ſuo modo <lb></lb>infinita, vt dicis, in minutis tantummodò primis, ſecundis, tertiis lo<lb></lb>cum habeat, non verò in arcubus paulo majoribus, vt conſtat ex iis quæ <lb></lb>dixiſti, nihil ſanè obeſſe poteſt, ac proinde parum, aut nihil nobis curan<lb></lb>da, qui ad illa inſenſibilia, in Phyſica præſertim, minimè attendimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000631"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000632"> In digitalem rotam, ſi fortè trahatur à teſtudine, iſthæc opti<lb></lb>mè quadrant, ſecus tamen in telluris globum, cujus ſingula minuta 5000. <lb></lb>pedes continent; & motus adeò velox eſt, vt habita tantùm ratione motus <lb></lb>orbis, quodlibet punctum circuli æquatoris, quolibet ſecundo minuto, vt <lb></lb>iam dixi ſuprà conficiat pedes 1250.circiter. </s> <s id="s.000633">Conſtat igitur de illa incre<lb></lb>dibili motuum inæqualitate in partibus certè ſenſibilibus tum ſpatij, tum <lb></lb>mobilis, etiam in ſecundis & tertiis minutis, ſi terreſtris globus moveatur; <lb></lb>conſtat item maxima velocitas, quam ne quidem globi ex majoribus, vel <lb></lb>minoribus tormentis emiſſi adæquant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000634"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000635"> Quantus apparatus, Deus bone, contra Copernicanam hypo<lb></lb>theſim; vereor tamen vt ſufficiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000636"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000637"> Cave, Antime, ne tibi tritum illud occinamus, <emph type="italics"></emph>parturient mon<lb></lb>tes<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>; tantò fortè apparatu terrere iſtos voluiſti, de me nihil dico, quia re<lb></lb>verà tecum ſentio; aut fortè tam multis & variis initio nos fatigare, ſeu <lb></lb>potiùs obruere voluiſti, vt ſcilicet, ea quæ oppones minus alacriter retun<lb></lb>damus; age igitur, nam præluſum ſatis; illos Oratores imitari mihi viſus es, <lb></lb>qui toti ſunt in exordiis; ita vt finito orationis exordio, ad aliud tranſeant <lb></lb>exordium, & ab hoc ſecundo ad aliud, & nunquam ad punctum, quod <lb></lb>probandum ſuſceperant, deſcendunt, proloqui duntaxat & magnifica ex<lb></lb>ordia fabricare contenti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000638"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000639"> Ludis, Chryſocome, ſed profectò non impunè feres; nemo non <lb></lb>videt, ea quæ præmiſi, non eſſe exordia, ſed iacta principia, ex quibus de<lb></lb>inde meum ratiocinium deducam; niſi enim hoc facerem, ingenuè di<lb></lb>cam, ratiocinari non poſſem; Vt vt ſit, Galilæus veſter, Auguſtine, eo va<lb></lb>lebat ingenio, in hac præſertim motuum doctrina, in qua, ne quid diſſi<lb></lb>mulem, parem non habuit, immo neque hoc diſſimulabo, quam primus <lb></lb>ipſe invenit, vt tam audacter pronunciarit, ex dicta motuum terreſtris <lb></lb>globi inæqualitate, Oceani huc illuc excurſionem ſequi; & ſi fortè hoc <lb></lb>cum principiis ejuſdem doctrinæ non conſentit et, nunquam revera tanta <lb></lb>aſſeveratione hoc dixiſſet. </s> <s id="s.000640">Illius ergo major propoſitio vera eſt, ſcilicet <lb></lb>aquarum motum ſequi ex prædicta motuum inæqualitate, nec illius inge<lb></lb>nium in hoc falli potuit, qui alios ferè omnes doctrinam motuum docuit; <lb></lb>erravit tamen in minore, in qua ſanè illius ingenium non deſidero, ſed <lb></lb>majorem diligentiam, nec non æſtus marini peritiam; itémque maiorem <lb></lb>fidem, peritiſſimis Naucleris adhibendam; optimè docuit ex dicta inæ-<pb pagenum="57" xlink:href="025/01/061.jpg"></pb>qualitate aquarum motum ſequi in ſua hypotheſi ; ſed malè intulit, mari<lb></lb>num æſtum qualis nunc eſt, ex ea ſequi; de marino æſtu, quod ſit, & ta<lb></lb>lis ſit, res certa eſt; oculi dumtaxat applicandi; de terræ motu, quod re<lb></lb>verà ſit, nequidem Galilæus ipſe certum eſſe pronunciavit; dubium igitur <lb></lb>etiam apud vos; cùm igitur rectè componamus Telluris quietem cum eo <lb></lb>maris æſtu, qui modò eſt, nec eum obſervemus, qui reverà eſſet, ſuppoſito <lb></lb>terræ motu; quidni neceſſariò, ni fallor, concludam; terram nor moveri, <lb></lb>cùm id nullo modo ſit, quod reverà eſſet, ſi terra moveretur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000641"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000642"> Tecum ſentio, Antime, in hoc Galilæum, in re motuum ver<lb></lb>ſatiſſimum, falli non potuiſſe, eiuſque autoritatem longè pluris in hoc <lb></lb>faciendam eſſe, quàm multorum aliorum, qui tantum moloſſum, catelli <lb></lb>ſanè, allatrare non ceſſant; ne tamen hoc tuum argumentum non tantùm <lb></lb>ſit ad hominem, ſed pariter omnibus rem iſtam perſuadeat; ſepone, quæ<lb></lb>ſo, autoritatem Galilæi, & deſcende ad illas concluſiones, quas ex iactis <lb></lb>ſupra principiis deducere, opinor, meditaris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000643"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Faciam, quod ſuggeris; Supponamus igitur globum D Terram <lb></lb>eſſe & ita moveri, vt ſupra dicebam, circuli, Æquatoris v.g. partes, inæ<lb></lb>qualiter, vt longè tardiùs punctum, quod ſpectat ad Solem, & velociùs <lb></lb>oppoſitum moveatur, id eſt F, quàm E, in hoc enim ſchemate ſiſtere poſ<lb></lb>ſumus, nec declinatio æquatoris ab Eclyptica, nec perpetuus axis paralle<lb></lb>liſmus, nec motus centri quinquies circiter major motu orbis, ad hanc <lb></lb>rem quidquam faciunt, puncta I & H ita moventur, vt motui centri ni<lb></lb>hil detrahant, nihil addant; ab H ad E ita additur vt crementum acceſſio<lb></lb>nis ſemper augeatur, donec tandem in E maximum ſit: hoc porrò cremen<lb></lb>tum acceſſionis fit iuxta progreſſum ſinuum verſorum: ab E ad I; ita ad<lb></lb>ditur, vt crementa acceſſionum ſemper minuantur, donec tandem in I <lb></lb>nullum ſit crementum; hoc verò crementum fit iuxta priorem progreſſio<lb></lb>nem, ſed inverſam ac proinde iuxta progreſſionem ſinuum rectorum: Ab <lb></lb>I ad F ita detrahitur motui, centri, vt crementa detractionis ſemper ma<lb></lb>jora ſint, donec tandem in F ſit maximum, idque iuxta progreſſionem ſi<lb></lb>nuum verſorum; denique ab Fin H ita etiam detrahitur, vt crementa de<lb></lb>tractionis ſemper minora ſint, idque iuxta progreſſionem ſinuum recto<lb></lb>rum, donec tandem in H nullum ſit crementum: Accipe igitur punctum <lb></lb>circuli v.g.H, ab H movetur motu accelerato, per impetum ſcilicet, à <lb></lb>quocunque tandem producatur; igitur vbi pervenit ad E intenſiſſimum <lb></lb>impetum habet, cur ergo tam cito deſtruitur, cùm fruſtrà non ſit, effe<lb></lb>ctumque ſuum in mobili præſtare queat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000644"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000645"> Minimè verò, cùm enim punctum E ſit pars globi, eandem <lb></lb>cum aliis partibus diſpoſitionem retinere debet, quod certè vt fiat, illius <lb></lb>motus retardari debet; ſi autem motus retardatur, pro rata deſtruitur <lb></lb>impetus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000646"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000647"> Nunquid in mea & tua hypotheſi, hic vel ille Oceani tractus <lb></lb>æquè pars eſt terreſtris globi, atque in Copernicana? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000648"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000649"> Fruſtra interrogas; nullum enim dubium eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000650"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000651"> Rectè; at poſtquàm modica vis venti prædicto aquarum tractui <pb pagenum="58" xlink:href="025/01/062.jpg"></pb>motum & impetum impreſſit, nunquid etiam ceſſante vento, adhuc per <lb></lb>aliquod tempus aquarum motus & agitatio non durat? </s> <s id="s.000652">quis hoc neget? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000653">idem in latiore concha videbis; vbi enim aqua infuſa plena fuerit, acce<lb></lb>dente minimo motu, a qua illa libratur verſus latera conchæ; ita vt huiuſ<lb></lb>modi librationes diutiùs durent, etiam poſtquam omnis motus extrinſe<lb></lb>cus ceſſavit; Vnde porrò hoc? </s> <s id="s.000654">rationem ex noſtro primo principio facilè <lb></lb>deduces; durat enim aliquandiu impetus priùs impreſſus; quia non eſt <lb></lb>fruſtra, ſaltem quoad aliquam portionem, cùm aliquid motus præſtare <lb></lb>poſſit; codem prorſus modo, tractus Oceani circa punctum E, cum velo<lb></lb>ciſſimè moveatur, impetum impreſſum aliquandiu retinet, ſecundùm ali<lb></lb>quem gradum, vi cujus excurrit verſus Ortum; nam perinde ſe habet, atque <lb></lb>ſi in vaſtiſſima concha contineretur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000655"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000656"> Movetur igitur totus ille aquarum tractus, ſecundùm totam <lb></lb>profunditatem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000657"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000658"> Non dico hoc, neque neceſſe eſt, neque fieri poteſt; quia vt <lb></lb>Conchæ ſupremus circulus longè major eſt, quàm alij paralleli, versùs <lb></lb>imum conchæ, ita longè faciliùs libratur aqua, intra majorem circulum, <lb></lb>quàm intra minorem; quia ſcilicet in majore, habet liberiorem campum, <lb></lb>in quo excurtat, quod facilè demonſtrari à me poſſet, ſi hoc etiam paret<lb></lb>gum vobis arriſerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000659"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000660"> Mihi opus non eſt; quis enim hoc neſcit? </s> <s id="s.000661">Sic videmus in con<lb></lb>chis anguſtioribus, aquam difficiliùs librari, in majoribus verò faciliùs. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000662"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000663"> Ita eſt, hoc videmus, quamobrem verò, non ita forte quiſpiam <lb></lb>dixerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000664"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000665"> Quid faciliùs dictu, Chryſocome; ſi vas anguſtum eſt, latera <lb></lb>minus diſtant, hinc aqua neceſſariò minùs excurrit, vtpote quæ à vicinis <lb></lb>lateribus continetur; ſi vas amplum ſit ſecus accidit; quia ſcilicet illius la<lb></lb>tera à ſeſe invicem magis diſtant, nec vllo ſchemate opus eſt ad exponen<lb></lb>dam vim hujus rationis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000666"><emph type="italics"></emph>Choyſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000667"> Non agitur hoc loco, vtrum librationes aquæ intra vas angu<lb></lb>ſtum contentæ citiùs perficiantur, quam illæ quæ fiunt in majore vaſe; <lb></lb>nempe huiuſmodi librationes, funependulorum librationes imitantum, <lb></lb>quæ citò fiunt in brevi funependulo, tardiùs verò in longiore; ſed alia <lb></lb>prorſus eſt difficultas, cur ſcilicet illa vis motus, quæ ſufficit ad huiuſmo<lb></lb>di librationes in vaſta concha excitandas, non ſufficiat ſi vas anguſtum ſit, <lb></lb>nec ad majores, quæ reverà in anguſto vaſe fieri non poſſunt, nec ad mi<lb></lb>nores, quas alioqui major vis motus excitaret; hîc tuam opem, Antime, <lb></lb>ſed breviter, quæſo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000668"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000669"> Breviſſimè, neque hoc facerem, niſi veſtro juſſu; Sit concha <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.062.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/062/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>DCG laxior, & alia ECF anguſtior, vtraque <lb></lb>ferè plena; aqua longè faciliùs poteſt librari in <lb></lb>arcu DCG, quàm in ECF; hic enim magis ar<lb></lb>duus eſt, ille vetò longè mollior, ſeu mitior; mi<lb></lb>nùs enim recedit à plano horizontali ; hinc ſu<lb></lb>perficies aquæ DBG aſcendere poteſt per arcum GA, etiam cum modi<lb></lb>co impetu, ſecus vetò per arcum FI, propter adductam rationem. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="59" xlink:href="025/01/063.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000670"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc pluſquàm ſufficiunt, redeamus ad rem, pro qua circa ea, <lb></lb>quæ à te dicta ſunt, hoc præſertim opponendum mihi occurrit. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.063.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/063/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000671">Quod ſcilicèt omnes partes terreſtris globi, vel ſingulæ ſeſe moveant, <lb></lb>vel ab extrinſeco moveantur; ſed ita temperatè, vt omnes inter ſe primam, <lb></lb>diſpoſitionem retineant; vnde non mirum eſt, ſi tractus idem maris circa E <lb></lb>velociùs, circa I tardius moveatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000672"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000673"> Hoc ni fallor ſummum caput eſt hujus difficultatis, quod tamen <lb></lb>ex dictis facilè diſſolvi poteſt; nempe ſive tractus ille maris moveat ſeſe, <lb></lb>ſive ab alio, fieri non poteſt, vt ſine impetu moveatur; igitur impetum <lb></lb>illum acquirit proportionatum motui, quo movetur in E, vel circumcir<lb></lb>ca; ſive illum in ſe producat, ſive ab alio recipiat; ſed impetus ſemel pro<lb></lb>ductus à <expan abbr="quacunq;">quacunque</expan> tandem cauſa, tamdiu remanet, quamdiu fruſtra non eſt, <lb></lb>tandiu verò fruſtra non eſt, quamdiu <expan abbr="aliquẽ">aliquem</expan> effectum præſtare poreſt in mo<lb></lb>bili, non alium certè quàm motum; quantumvis <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> temperatè producatur <lb></lb>novus impetus, hoc certè non facit, vt is, qui jam productus eſt deſtruatur; <lb></lb><expan abbr="quãdiu">quandiu</expan> ſcilicet fruſtra non eſt: & vt res illa novis exemplis magis perſpicua <lb></lb>fiat; ſi aqua in canali declivi motu accelerato deſcendat, qui deinde per mol<lb></lb>liorem deflexionem ſurſum ſub æquali, vel in æquali inclinationis angulo at<lb></lb>tollatur, vbi aqua ad imum canalis pervenerit, non ſiſtet hauddubiè, ſed <lb></lb>per aliud canalis planum inclinatum aſcendet, deſcendétque denuo, mul<lb></lb>tis quaſi librationibus repetitis, hic tamen impetus productus eſt ab in<lb></lb>trinſeco, Quando animal currit per declivem collem, gradum profectò <pb pagenum="60" xlink:href="025/01/064.jpg"></pb>ſiſtere nequit, quantumvis contranitatur, ſcilicet propter impreſſum ante <lb></lb>impetum; in vibratis libratiſque corporibus innumera ferè ſuppetunt <lb></lb>exempla. </s> <s id="s.000674">Quid mirum igitur, ſi prædictus maris tractus impetum ante <lb></lb>impreſſum retineat & excurrat in Ortum; neque hoc impedit connexio <lb></lb>partium ejuſdem globi, niſi hæ ſolidæ ſint ac duræ, nec non ita inter ſe <lb></lb>connexæ, vt vna ab alia ſeparari non poſſit; tunc enim moventur iuxta <lb></lb>leges novi impetus deſtructò priore; nec mirum, cùm fruſtra ſit; fruſtra au<lb></lb>tem eſt, quia motum alium habere 1. on poteſt, præter illum, quem novus <lb></lb>impetus exigit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000675"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000676"> Si ergo in puncto E eſſet corpus ſolidum & durum, totum <lb></lb>priorem impetum a mitteret accedente novo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000677"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000678"> Minimè verò, niſi arctè cum aliis corporibus duris connexum <lb></lb>eſſet, ſit enim v.g.globus lævigatiſſimus in E, ſupra ſuperficiem ſolidam <lb></lb>etiam lævigatiſſimam, vitream puta, haud dubiè curreret prædictus glo<lb></lb>bus versùs Ortum, præſertim cùm ad hunc motum nullo aſcenſu opus ſit, <lb></lb>ac proinde nulla prorſus inclinatio contraria obſtet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000679"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000680"> Igitur ille globus ita ſemper moveretur in ſuperficie tetræ; <lb></lb>nihil enim deſtrueret illum impetum; quod <gap></gap> modò ex tuis principiis <lb></lb>deduco, ſed ex trito Mathematicorum dicto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000681"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000682"> Hoc certè ex meis principiis non ſequitur, immo contrarium; <lb></lb>novus enim, qui præfato globo accederet, impetus ad motum oppoſitum, <lb></lb>vel quaſi oppoſitum determinatus, priorem illum ſenſim deſtrueret. </s> <s id="s.000683">v. g. <lb></lb>impetus novus accedens in P, (<emph type="italics"></emph>in anteriori Schemate<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) partim per PQ, id <lb></lb>eſt, versùs ortum, ratione motus centri, partim per tangentem punctum <lb></lb>P eſt determinatus; mixta autem linea ſeu determinatio ex vtraque illa <lb></lb>ſequitur, vt conſtat ex doctrina motuum. </s> <s id="s.000684">Quod verò ſpectat ad tritum <lb></lb>illud Mathematicorum dictum, etiam in terræ immobilis hypotheſi locum <lb></lb>habet, ſed proſectò nullum planum ita lævigari poteſt, quin aliquot Sa<lb></lb>lebris aſperetur; quod reverà ſufficeret, ad illum impetum deſtruendum; <lb></lb>qualis ſit terræ ſuperficies, vides; ille porrò aquæ excurrentis tractus ſenſim <lb></lb>fine ſenſu conceptum motum remittit, propter impetum <expan abbr="ariū">contrarium</expan> impreſ<lb></lb>ſum, vbi enim pervenit in R v.g.cum motus centri ſit contrarius motui <lb></lb>orbis, haud dubiè inde aqua aliquo modo regredi cogitur; hinc conflictus; <lb></lb>adde mutationem determinationis lineæ motus in ſingulis punctis ſemi<lb></lb>circuli EIF; denique adde aquæ diviſionem, quæ non parum reſiſtit <lb></lb>motui, præſertim alterius aquæ; quæ libet autem reſiſtentia impetum ſenſim <lb></lb>deſtruit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000685"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000686"> Iam mentem tuam intelligere mihi videor; vis enim quod<lb></lb>libet punctum terreſtris globi, ratione duplicis motus, centri ſcilicet, <lb></lb>atque orbis, duas determinationes habere, quæ in tertiam mixtam de<lb></lb>inde abeunt, perinde atque ſi duplex impetus impreſſus eſſet ad motum <lb></lb>mixtum; finge globo, eodem tempore, duplicem impetum imprimi <lb></lb>alterum versùs Boream, <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> versùs Occaſum, hæc gemina determinatio <lb></lb>in eandem motus mixti lineam coaleſcit, vnde ſuppoſita vtriuſque impe<lb></lb>tus æqualitate, globus verſus Corum ibit, id eſt, Boream inter & Occa-<pb pagenum="61" xlink:href="025/01/065.jpg"></pb>ſum. </s> <s id="s.000687">Ita que in puncto E vna eademque eſt vtriuſque motus determinatio, <lb></lb>ſcilicet per tangentem versùs Ortum; in F verò, altera determinatio alteri <lb></lb>ex diametro opponitur; nam determinatio motus centri eſt tangens ducta <lb></lb>in <expan abbr="Ortũ">Ortum</expan>; nempe hîc motus determinationem in vna ſaltem revolutione non <lb></lb>murat; at verò determinatio motus orbis eſt tangens ducta in Occaſum; in <lb></lb>aliis punctis inter EI, & IF, in diverſas partes tendunt; v.g.in puncto I de<lb></lb>terminatio centri eſt DI producta versùs Ortum; determinatio orbis per<lb></lb>pendiculariter cadit versùs GF. pari modo habentur aliæ in tangentibus; <lb></lb>& provt vna magis aut minùs conſentit cum alia, velocior aut tardior <lb></lb>eſt motus; Sed dic mihi. </s> <s id="s.000688">ſodes Antime, poſito quod ſit globus in E, cur <lb></lb>per tangentem non projicitur verſus Ortum? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000689"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000690"> Cur me tentas, Auguſtine, neſcire non potes, hoc jam à <lb></lb>Galilæo ſolutum fuiſſe, in quo certè, more ſuo maximam ingenij vim <lb></lb>oſtendit. </s> <s id="s.000691">Nullum corpus grave per horizontalem projicitur, quod ſtatim <lb></lb>ipſo initio deſcendere non incipiat; ſemiparabolam à ſummo vertice ſuo <lb></lb>motu deſcribens; ſed quælibet parabola ex E vertice ducitur infra Cycloi<lb></lb>dem EQV, vi Geometræ demonſtrant; itaque dictus globus projicitur <lb></lb>quidem, ſed ita, vt cùm aſſurgere non poſſit, in ſuperficie terræ volvatur, vt <lb></lb>alij globi volvuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000692"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000693"> Quid dicam ad hæc, neſcio, certa tamen eſſe non puto; <lb></lb>alioquin actum eſſet de hypotheſi Copernicana; aliunde illud principium <lb></lb>certum eſſe videtur, quòd ſcilicét impetus aliquamdiu duret modò fruſtra <lb></lb>non ſit, & aliquem motum præſtare queat, videmus enim globum proje<lb></lb>ctum moveri, etiam à projicientis manu abſtractum; rotam item in quo<lb></lb>cunque ſitu collocatam, vbi tantulus impetus initio impreſſus ſuerit; in <lb></lb>funependulis, res eſt pluſquam perſpicua, itemque in motibus, qui per <lb></lb>repercuſſionem fiunt; commune igitur principium eſſe videtur, ex quo, <lb></lb>ni fallor, rectè deducis tractum matis, qui eſt circa E, versùs Ortum deinde <lb></lb>excurrere; quod enim de globo dixiſti in eodem puncto E ſito, ex hypotheſi <lb></lb>dumtaxat accipio, non verò abſolutè dictum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000694"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000695"> Immò abſolutè dictum eſſe velim; non ratò quippe accidit vt <lb></lb>globi lævigatiſſimi in planis etiam lævigatiſſimis collocentur, ſeu marmo<lb></lb>reis, ſeu vitreis; lævigata glacie nihil ferè lævius inuenio; & ſupra glaciem <lb></lb>glaciata fruſtra citò & facilè currunt; itaque ſi aqua movetur, excurritque, <lb></lb>modò Ortum, modò Occaſum, versùs, non video quare globus lævigatiſ<lb></lb>ſimus in plano lævigatiſſimo ſitus, vel ſupra lævigatam glaciem, propter <lb></lb>eandem motus inæqualitatem moveri non debeat; & hoc etiam ad homi<lb></lb>nem, contra tuam hypotheſim militat; vnde ruit etiam illa reſponſio iam <lb></lb>ſupra indicata; quod ſcilicet terræ motus æſtus quidem marini cauſa ſit, <lb></lb>ſed non adæquata, vt aiunt; nempe quidquid tandem motus in aquas <lb></lb>traducat, in globulum eo modo ſitum, quo dictum eſt, etiam traducere <lb></lb>deberet, cùm æquè facile traduci queat; accipio enim globulos tam fa<lb></lb>cilè mobiles, vt nihil mobilius excogitari poſſit, tornatos ſcilicet ex Mer<lb></lb>curio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000696"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000697"> De puncto E fortè ſatis dictum, & pluſquàm ſatis; de aliis <pb pagenum="62" xlink:href="025/01/066.jpg"></pb>quid cenſes? </s> <s id="s.000698">Non dubito enim, quin de iis aliquid dicturus ſis; ad quid <lb></lb>enim duo alia principia præmiſiſſes? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000699"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000700"> Etiam ſi nihil aliud dicerem, an fortè illa, quæ de puncto E <lb></lb>dixi non ſufficiunt ad tuam ſententiam impugnandam? </s> <s id="s.000701">Sed agedum, <lb></lb>quandoquidem me ſtimulas, etiam de aliis punctis nonnulla dicenda ſunt, <lb></lb>eaque ex duobus aliis principiis, quæ ſupra data opera præmiſi eruenda. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000702">Si terræ globum quoquo versùm obtegeret aqua, ita vt v.g.ex 8. partibus <lb></lb>ſemidiametri, octava, ſuprema ſcilicet, aquea eſſet, extremaque ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies terræ convexa, cui ſuperficies aquæ incubat, lævis eſſet, nullis mon<lb></lb>tibus, nullis ſalebris aſpera; Iam verò quàm celerrimè interior ille & in <lb></lb>aquis latens terræ globus circa ſuum centrum immobile volvatur; an for<lb></lb>tè putas, tunc motum in portionem aqueam traductum iri? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000703"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000704"> Traducendum eſſe omnino crederem; terra enim illam etiam <lb></lb>aquam ſuſtineret; igitur ſecum vna deferret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000705"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000706"> At ego ſecus ſentio; hic enim caſus noſtro ſimilis eſt; ſi <lb></lb>enim vas probè tornatum aqua plenum in ſitu horizontali circa axem <lb></lb>verticalem accuratiſſimè & citra vllam inclinationem erectum, etiam ce<lb></lb>lerrimè vertatur, immotam prorſus aquam videbimus; Quid vis tibi di<lb></lb>cam, Chryſocome, oculos meos teſtes appello, & ſi fidem detrectes, <lb></lb>vel in ſcutella ſtannea, quamvis imperfectè tornata, hoc ipſum videbis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000707"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000708"> Aqua igitur non ſuſtinetur à vaſe, alioquin ſi vas illam ſu<lb></lb>ſtineret, ſecum illam circumferret, ſic librum hunc, quem manu teneo, <lb></lb>manus ipſa, quocumque fertur, traducit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000709"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000710"> Standum eſt experimentis; tu fortè quid, Antime? </s> <s id="s.000711">qui litem <lb></lb>moviſti, & cautè ſubrides. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000712"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000713"> Dicam quod ſentio, & quod verum eſt; Aqua certè quieſcit, <lb></lb>dum vas perniciſſimè volvitur; & ſi vas probè tornatum eſſet, & circa <lb></lb>axem minimè inclinatum volveretur, eaque demum eſſet cava ſuperficie, <lb></lb>quam nulla prorſus ruga, nulla ſalebra, quantumvis inſenſibilis aſperaret, <lb></lb>dico nunquam fore, vt cum vaſe aqua moveretur; & hîc applico princi<lb></lb>pium ſupra iactum, ſcilicet nunquam motum, vel impetum ab aliquo mo<lb></lb>bili imprimi alteri, niſi hoc motum illius impediat, aut retardet: in hoc <lb></lb>autem caſu, aqua vaſe contenta motum vaſis nullo modo impedit, non <lb></lb>per ſuam molem, ſeu molis pondus; quia moles ſeu pondus reſiſtit tan<lb></lb>tummodo motui, ſurſum; ſed nulla pars vaſis, in hoc motu aſcendit; nulla <lb></lb>igitur aquæ pars attollenda eſt; præterea nulla pars obſiſtit motui vaſis, <lb></lb>quia id tantùm per contactum fieret; ſed nulla pars tangens obſiſtit, cùm <lb></lb>nulla pars cavæ vaſis ſuperficiei extare, & dam movetur, in aquam impin<lb></lb>gi ſupponamus; vt tamen dicam, quod res eſt, cùm & axis abſque aliqua <lb></lb>inclinatione erigi, & ſic ſtare vix poſſit, & quod caput eſt, nullum ſit <lb></lb>corpus durum, quantumvis lævigatum, ſine poris, rugis, & ſalebris, hinc <lb></lb>fit, aquam dicto vaſe contentam tantulùm obſiſtere motui vaſis, ac proin<lb></lb>de non mirum videri, ſi initio quidem immota maneat, quia tamen ſenſim <lb></lb>ſine ſenſu vires acquirit, circumferri tandem cum ſuo vaſe cernitur, & hoc <lb></lb>adjicere debueras, Auguſtine, vt ſemper ſuus ſit veritati locus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="63" xlink:href="025/01/067.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000714"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000715"> Quid verò fieret, ſi vas in circulo verticali verteretur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000716"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000717"> Eadam ſuppone; vas ſcilicet cylindricum, aut ſphæricum ca<lb></lb>vum, lævigata intus ſuperficie, circa axem plano horizontis planè paral<lb></lb>lelum; idemque ſucceſſum iri puta; cùm eadem ratio vtrimque & æquè <lb></lb>militet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000718"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000719"> Immo ex alio tuo principio, quo dicis, eo motu moveri <lb></lb>mobile, quò faciliùs moveri poteſt, colligo, ni fallor, longè potiori iure <lb></lb>pro iſto vltimo caſu rationem militare; cùm enim faciliùs aqua illa à ſuo <lb></lb>vaſe, dum in plano horizontali volvitur, moveri poſſit, quàm ab eodem <lb></lb>in hoc ſecundo caſu; quia vt imprimo illo moveatur aqua, ne latum quidem <lb></lb>vnguem attollenda eſt, nullam igitur difficultatem, ſeu reſiſtentiam ex hoc <lb></lb>capite vas ſentit; cùm tamen in ſecundo caſu, illa portio aquæ, quæ con<lb></lb>tinetur in inferiore parte dolij, ſeu cylindri, ad ſuperiorem partem cylin<lb></lb>dri locum attollenda ſit; vnde difficultas & reſiſtentia; igitur cùm mobi<lb></lb>le eo motu moveatur, quo facilius moveri poteſt, longè facilius eſt, vas <lb></lb>moveri ſine aqua in ſecundo caſu, quàm in primo </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000720"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000721"> Plurimùm ſanè me tibi obſtrinxiſti, mi Chryſocome, cogita<lb></lb>bam ſtatim principium illud iam ſupra iactum, ac fusè non ſine querela <lb></lb>expoſitum, huc accerſere; ſed ab hoc penſo me liberaſti, ita eſt; cùm vas <lb></lb>vtrumque faciliùs moveri poſſit, quieſcente aqua, vt patet, etiam abſque <lb></lb>vlla penitus ſui motus iactura; ita ſanè ex illo quoque principio probatur, <lb></lb>vaſa ſine aqua contenta moveri; quod autem addis, longe facilius in <lb></lb>ſecundo caſu quam in primo, pace tua dixerim; quia ſcilicet æquè facilè <lb></lb>vtrimque aqua cum ſuo vaſe movetur, nec obſtat inferiorem aquæ partem <lb></lb>in ſecundo caſu ab imo ad ſupremum vaſis locum attolli, ac proinde illius <lb></lb>pondus obſtare ac reſiſtere; nam ita attollitur, vt eodem tempore, æqualis <lb></lb>portio deprimatur, eſt enim perfectum æquilibrium, vt vides; ſic vbi libra <lb></lb>in æquilibrio verſatur, ſi vel minimam vim alteri lancium ſurſum impreſſe<lb></lb>ris, illa ſtatim ſurſum attollitur; an fortè illa vis minima impreſſa ad hoc <lb></lb>ſufficit? </s> <s id="s.000722">Minimè vero; ſed minima illa acceſſione tollitur æquilibrium: <lb></lb>quid mirum ergo, fi portio præponderans, deorſum eat, & oppoſitam at<lb></lb>tollat? </s> <s id="s.000723">Sic æquè facilè rota volvitur in ſitu horizontali ac verticali. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000724"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc veriſſima eſſe, non diffiteor, ita enim à natura compa<lb></lb>ratus ſum, vt compertæ veritati numquam non me ſubjiciam; movetur <lb></lb>autem aqua cum ſuo vaſe, vt dicis, per accidens, non per ſe, nimirum, <lb></lb>propter aſperitatem & inæqualitatem interioris ſuperficiei; at numquid <lb></lb>non poſſet ab hoc vitio liberari, obducto ſcilicet oleo, vel alio quopiam <lb></lb>vliginis genere? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000725"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000726"> An fortè putas, oleum ſuis rugis & ſtriis, nec non filaminibus <lb></lb>carere? </s> <s id="s.000727">Vidiſti, ni fallor, aliquando, majores illas guttas ſive butyro, ſeu <lb></lb>vaſibus vnctis oleo adhæreſcere, an fortè in planiſſima ſuperficie adhæ<lb></lb>rete poſſent? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000728"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000729"> Sed vnde quæſo, iſtæ guttulæ; rem illam ſæpè obſervavi, cu<lb></lb>jus tamen rationem vix ac ne vix quidem mente aſſequor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000730"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000731"> Sunt quædam ſuperficies ita diſpoſitæ inter ſe, vt in earum rimas <pb pagenum="64" xlink:href="025/01/068.jpg"></pb>ſeu rugas, aqua ſubire non poſſit, aut ſi reverà ſubeat, ſtatim effluar, in <lb></lb>pennis avium aquatilium v.g. Anſerum, Anatum, aliarumque ſimilium, <lb></lb>hoc ipſum obſervamus, immo in multis foliis, vt braſſicæ, in quibus hu<lb></lb>juſmodi aquæ guttulæ, quaſi totidem liquatas gemmas, poſt pluviæ vel <lb></lb>roris lapſum ſæpè vidiſti; quia ſcilicet laxioribus rugis ſeu ſtriis in longum <lb></lb>& rectam lineam ductis conſtant, per quas aqua ſtatim deſcendit, atque <lb></lb>effluit, niſi aliqua foſſula inſit, in qua major gutta ex reliquis longè mi<lb></lb>noribus eò per rugam declivem confluentibus, componitur; in ſuperficie <lb></lb>butyri rectas huiuſmodi ſtrias tantùm non videmus; nec fortè mirum; <expan abbr="nẽpe">nempe</expan> <lb></lb>vliginoſa ex multis filaminibus conſtant; fila autem in longum ducuntur; <lb></lb>iunge ſimul multas acus, & aliquid fortè ſimile aſpicies; cur verò guttæ <lb></lb>illæ majores in iis foſſulis tornatæ deinde non cadant, etiam ſi vas vnctum, <lb></lb>cui adhærent, everſo ſitu ſtatuatur, eadem ratio eſt, propter quam naſo, pa<lb></lb>leæ, ligno, aliíſque corporum extremitatibus gutta adhæret, ac de illis pen<lb></lb>det quam certè hoc loco explicare non poſſum, cùm inde vaſtiſſimus allis <lb></lb>experimentis ad ſuas veras cauſas phyſicas reducendis campus ape<lb></lb>riatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000732"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000733"> Auguror rem gratiſſimam fore, & fortè altero congreſſu <expan abbr="dignã">dignam</expan>, <lb></lb>quandoquidem tam latè patere dictitas; ſed ad propoſitum, qùæſo, redea<lb></lb>mus: Conſtat igitur, illum terræ globum verſum iri, licèt aqua circum<lb></lb>poſita nullo modo moveretur; huc enim faciunt duo illa tua principia, <lb></lb>quæ libenter admitto, vtpote quæ cum experimentis mirabiliter conſen<lb></lb>tiant; ſi verò terræ globum conſideremus, provt modò eſt, & aquarum <lb></lb>congeries ſtagnat in vaſtiſſimis illis terrarum conchis; ſi terræ glo<lb></lb>bus volvatur, nunquid non ſuo motu aqueam illam molem ſecum abri<lb></lb>piet? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000734"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000735"> Abripiet ſanè majorem partem, eam ſcilicet, quàm arctiùs <lb></lb>ſuis brachiis ſtringit, & quæ à ſuperficie conchæ introrſum ſatis ſuperque <lb></lb>diſtat; huc facerent exempla concharum, quibus vulgò vtimur; ſed ne <lb></lb>dicta repetam, libens omitto, <expan abbr="atq;">atque</expan> ſuppono. </s> <s id="s.000736">Vt vt ſit, ſi <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> orbis conſide<lb></lb>remus haud dubiè facilior eſt ſi aliqua portio aquæ retroagatur, ea ſcilicet, <lb></lb>quæ à ſuperficie parum diſtat, cum tantula elevatione, ratione cujus in ſu<lb></lb>perficiem oppoſitam excurrit, & in litora occidua deinde impingi, ſeu po<lb></lb>tiùs elevari, excurrere & in litus impingi videtur, eo quippe litus ipſum fer<lb></lb>tur, & in aquam vel immobilem vel tardiorem impingitur, nempe quoad <lb></lb>effectum & <expan abbr="phænomerũ">phænomerum</expan> perinde eſt, ſive caput in ſaxum, five ſaxum in ca<lb></lb>put incurrat: hoc autem potiori iure in terræ globo duplici illo motu, de <lb></lb>quo jam ſupra, locum habet, nempe à puncto H ad E creſcit motus per HE, <lb></lb>non tantùm ratione motus orbis, verùm etiam motus centri; idque per cre<lb></lb>menta majora & majora, vt iam oſtendi; Igitur, aqua, iuxta ſuperficiem ſal<lb></lb>tem tantulùm ex currit in <expan abbr="partẽ">partem</expan> oppoſitam, ſcilicet in occaſum, ſi enim hoc <lb></lb>fiat, motu æquali ſuppoſito, potiori iure ſuppoſito inæquali, ac ſemper creſ<lb></lb>cente: itaque ex iis. </s> <s id="s.000737">quæ diximus huc <expan abbr="vſq;">vſque</expan>, nec <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> meo judicio probavimus, <lb></lb>facilè defini: i poſſet æſtus marini ratio, in dicta hypotheſi ; nempe aqua <lb></lb>à puncto E ad punctum I, id eſt à media nocte ad Solis Ortum (ſup-<pb pagenum="65" xlink:href="025/01/069.jpg"></pb>pono enim circulum Æquatoris) excurreret aquæ ſuperficies versùs ortum; <lb></lb>ab I ad F, id eſt ab ortu ad meridiem, nullo modo excurreret, ſaltem <lb></lb>ſenſibiliter; ſi enim tantulùm, hoc motui centri prævalenti cedet; igitur <lb></lb>versùs Occaſum, id eſt, ab F, versùs R. quanquam determinatio mixta hoc <lb></lb>etiam compenſat; pari modo ab F ad H nullo modo excurrit, ſaltem ſen<lb></lb>ſibiliter; ſi enim tantulùm, cedit motui centri, quanquam etiam determi<lb></lb>natio mixta hoc ipſum compenſat; igitur à Solis ortu vſque ad occaſum, <lb></lb>nulla fit ſenſibilis excurſio; ab occaſu ad mediam noctem, fit in occa<lb></lb>ſum, à media nocte ad ortum Solis, fit in ortum: mixtam illam determi<lb></lb>nationem facilè quiſpiam intelliget, ſi dividat æqualiter angulum, qui fit <lb></lb>à tangente datum aliquod punctum, & à linea motus centri, quæ ſemper <lb></lb>eſt parallela HI, linea enim dictum angulum æqualiter dividens eſt deter<lb></lb>minatio motus mixti. </s> <s id="s.000738">Iam verò, ſi mihi non creditis, oculis veſtris credite, <lb></lb>& probate experimenta à me expoſita, in navi ſcilicet velorum dumtaxat <lb></lb>impulſu acta, in aliquo tranquillo lacu, ſeu flumine; ſi enim ſtatuatur in <lb></lb>media navi, concha aquâ plena, pauio laxios in ſuperiore labro, ſed mo<lb></lb>dicæ profunditatis, ad inſtar illius, in qua cera liquari ſolet, ad cereos tor<lb></lb>nandos, videbitis haud dubiè, ſi navis motum acceleret, conchæ aquam <lb></lb>versùs puppim ire; <gap></gap> verò retardet, ire versùs proram; in hoc Gaſſendo <lb></lb>fides detrahi non debet, nec fortè mihi, nec aliis, qui hujus experimenti <lb></lb>oculati teſtes fuerunt: & hæc de prima ratione contra tuam hypotheſim, <lb></lb>Auguſtine, jam ad alias deſcendam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000739"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000740"> Sentio difficultatem, inficiari non poſſum; illud ſaltem con<lb></lb>ſequi videor quod Galileus noſter à vero minime aberrarit, quando aſſe<lb></lb>ruit, prædictos motus ex hypotheſi terræ mobilis, neceſſariò ſequi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000741"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000742"> Ita eſt; in eo tamen deceptus, quòd eoſdem motus pro Marino <lb></lb>æſtu venditarit, licèt omnino diſſimiles ſint. </s> <s id="s.000743">Iam verò vt ad alia tranſeam ar<lb></lb>gumenta, è terra nobis migrandum eſt, in qua profectò nihil aliud invenio <lb></lb>ex quo ſolidum argumentum ducere valeam ſaltem, quod mihi faciat ſatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000744"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000745"> Ludis, opinor, Antime; nunquid enim ex diverſis motibus, <lb></lb>tum naturalibus, tum violentis doctiſſimi viri ducunt inſolubilia prorſus <lb></lb>argumenta, contra præfatam hypotheſim, in qua nequidem corpus grave <lb></lb>per lineam rectam deſcenderet, nec accelerationis, nec retardationis, nec <lb></lb>percuſſionis ratio explicari poſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000746"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000747"> Ridere ſoleo quorumdam hominum ſimplicitatem, vt <lb></lb>ſic loquar, qui cum Galileo noſtro de motu contendunt, qui cerrè <lb></lb>doctrinæ motuum primus Autor & inventor fuit; nemo quippe <lb></lb>alius hanc laudem ſibi arroget; Crede mihi, Chryſocome, ſuarum <lb></lb>rerum & inventionum vir ille amantior erat, quàm vt aliquem inter <lb></lb>eas conflictum pateretur, vidit, haud dubiè, vidit, motus accelera<lb></lb>ti progreſſionem Geometricam, ita cum hypotheſi Copernicana con<lb></lb>ſentive, vt in ea æquè facilè atque in tua explicari & ad ſua princi<lb></lb>pia reduci poſſit; equidem in primis ſuis Dialogis de vtroque ſyſtema<lb></lb>te, dubius aliquantulum hæſiſſe viſus. </s> <s id="s.000748">eſt, quaſi motus gravium non <lb></lb>eſſet per ſe acceleratus, ſed tantùm per accident; at in illo mirabili <pb pagenum="66" xlink:href="025/01/070.jpg"></pb>certè libro, quem de motu naturali accelerato edidit, ita de hoc argumen<lb></lb>to ſcripſit, vt nullum poſt ſe dubium reliquerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000749"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000750"> Hic lapis te petit, Antime, vtpote qui, ſi rectè memini, <lb></lb>contra Galileum ſcripſiſti, aliamque induxiſti motus naturaliter accele<lb></lb>rati progreſſionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000751"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000752"> Contra Galileum nihil me vnquam ſcripſiſſe memini; è qui<lb></lb>dem Monſnerius meus tractatum de motu locali, ex meis prælectionibus <lb></lb>excerptum edidit, nihil tamen in eo contra Galileum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000753"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000754"> Immò ex profeſſo Galileum, ſub Monſnerij nomine, im<lb></lb>pugnas, nec tibi, opinor, è memoria excidit? </s> <s id="s.000755">nempe Galileus docet, &, <lb></lb>ni fallor, demonſtrat, motum gravium accelerari iuxta progreſſionem geo<lb></lb>metricam, ſecundùm quam decurſa ſpatia ſunt vt temporum quadrata, ac <lb></lb>proinde ſi primo tempore decurrat ſpatium 1. ſecundo æquali decurrit 3. <lb></lb>tertio 5. quarto 7. atque ita conſequenter ſecundum ſeriem numerorum <lb></lb>imparium, tu verò, Antime, vis, hanc ſeriem fieri ſecundùm progreſſio<lb></lb>nem Arithmeticam ſimpliorem numerorum 1.2.3.4.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000756"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000757"> Si rectè memini, Antime, omnibus experimentis hypotheſis <lb></lb>tua repugnat; nam etiam ſumma quandoque altitudo ſumpta fuerit, Flo<lb></lb>rentiæ, Romæ, Bononiæ, & vt audio, in Gallia paſſim, quantum tamen <lb></lb>peritiſſimorum hominum oculis credendum eſt, prima progreſſio illa Ga<lb></lb>lileana in decurſis æquali tempore ſpatiis ſemper apparuit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000758"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000759"> Summoperè lætor & gaudeo, quod ſive caſu, ſive ſtudio, hu<lb></lb>juſce rei mentio à vobis facta fuerit; dico igitur, iterumque atteſtor, ac <lb></lb>tertiò, nec meam hypotheſim experimentis repugnate, nec à Galileana <lb></lb>diſcrepare in communi ſententia quantitatis, tum continuæ, tum diſcretæ; <lb></lb>nempe, vt probè ſcitis, res quantitatis eas difficultates continet, quas huc <lb></lb>vſque nemo ita ſolvit vt ſolutio vel omnibus arriſerit, vel etiam illius aſ<lb></lb>ſertoribus difficilis viſa non fuerit, in tempore præſertim explicando; ſunt <lb></lb>enim qui capere nequeunt, vt quidquid temporis eſt, ab eo, quod non <lb></lb>eſt, ſed fuit, vel erit, omnino diſtinctum, inſtans indiviſibile non ſit; ſic <lb></lb>enim diviſibile eſt in plura, ergo plura temporis ſimul exiſtunt, quod di<lb></lb>ci nequit ; ſi autem ea in quæ eſt diviſibile, non ſunt quidem, ſed vel fue<lb></lb>runt, vel erunt; ergo id quod eſt, quidquid ſit, ab iis omnino diſtingui<lb></lb>tur; cùm repugnet, idem ſimul eſſe & non eſſe, igitur illud quod eſt, ab <lb></lb>omni alio, quod non eſt, diſtinctum, inſtans eſt, indiviſibile eſt: nec ju<lb></lb>vat à nonnullis dici, tempus eſſe fluenter; nempe fluenter eſſe; nihil eſt <lb></lb>aliud, quàm vnum eſſe, ſeu fluere poſt aliud, nec-plura ſimul eſſe poſſe; ſi <lb></lb>quid dicatur aliud, multorum captum & mentem ſuperat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000760"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000761"> Ad quid hæc: Galileus enim docet, componi tempus ex in<lb></lb>ſtantibus iiſque Mathematicis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000762"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000763"> Sat ſcio; ſed cùm alij huiuſmodi inſtantia minimè admittant, <lb></lb>partibus dumtaxat in infinitum diviſibilibus, vel ſinitis contenti inſtan<lb></lb>tibus, ſcilicet phyſicis, dico hypotheſim Galilei circa progreſſionem mo<lb></lb>tus accelerati, habere quidem locum in hypotheſi inſtantium infinitorum, <lb></lb>vel partium infinitarum, non ramen in hypotheſi finitorum inſtantium <pb pagenum="67" xlink:href="025/01/071.jpg"></pb>phyſicorum; hîc non diſcutio cauſæ merita, ne ſaltem extra chorum; id <lb></lb>vnum dumtaxat dico, illam progreſſionem alteri præferendam eſſe, quæ & <lb></lb>vtrique quantitatis hypotheſi ſatisfacit, & ipſis experimentis non repu<lb></lb>gnat: quòd autem progreſſio Galileana in hypotheſi finitorum inſtan<lb></lb>tium non ſubſiſtat, perſpicuè demonſtro; Sit enim motus quiſpiam natu<lb></lb>ralis, qui duret per 4. inſtantia, in quorum primo, mobile acquirat ſpa<lb></lb>tium 1. in ſecundo 3. in tertio 5. in quarto 7. cùm velocitas creſcat, vt <lb></lb>tempus, in ſecundo inſtanti velocitas erit dupla, quomodo igitur acquiri<lb></lb>tur triplum ſpatium? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000764"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000765"> Nihil facilius triangulo Galileano, in quo res iſta clariſſi<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.071.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/071/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>mè demonſtratur: Sit enim triangulum AEI, ſit <lb></lb>tempus diviſum in 4.partes æquales, & primo tempo<lb></lb>re AB, ſpatium acquiſitum ſit triangulum ABF, & <lb></lb>velocitas acquiſita BF, ſecundo tempore erit veloci<lb></lb>tas acquiſita CG, creſcit enim, vt tempus, & vt AB <lb></lb>ad BF, ita AC ad CG ; idem dico de quolibet alio <lb></lb>temporis puncto accepto inter BC ; igitur ſpatium ac<lb></lb>quiſitum erit trapezium BCGF, triplum trianguli <lb></lb>ABF, nempe cum velocitate BF æquabili motu, tem<lb></lb>pore BC, acquireret rectangulum BM, ſed virtute ve<lb></lb>locitatis acquiſitæ tempore BC æqualis velocitati BF, acquiritur triangu<lb></lb>lum FMG æquale ABF; igitur ſecundo tempore triplum ſpatium <lb></lb>prioris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000766"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc omittere poteras, quæ iam trita ſunt, nec à me negantur; <lb></lb>nempe velocitas BF acquiritur ſucceſtivè tempore AB, quod ſi ſuppona<lb></lb>tur eſſe inſtans phyſicum, accipienda eſt velocitas. </s> <s id="s.000767">BF tota ſimul, re<lb></lb>ſpondeo enim toti inſtanti, ac proinde tota ſimul eſt, non verò ſucceſſi<lb></lb>vè acquiſita, igitur ſpatium debet accipi in rectangulo, non verò in trian<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.071.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/071/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>gulo; v.g. Sit tempus AE 4. inſtantiam, ſit pri<lb></lb>mus gradus velocitatis AG, & ſpatium acqui<lb></lb>ſitum rectangulum AV; ſecundo inſtanti ve<lb></lb>locitas acquiſita erit BH, dupla ſcilicet AG; <lb></lb>nempe tota prior remanet, & tantumdem ab ea<lb></lb>dem cauſa, æquali tempore ponitur; igitur ſpa<lb></lb>tium eſt duplum prioris, ac proinde erit rectan<lb></lb>gulum CH duplum prioris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000768"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000769"> Duo abſurda ex his mihi deducere videor; primò enim, pri<lb></lb>mo tempore AB, duplum ſpatium trianguli Galileani aſſumis; nempe re<lb></lb>ctangulum AV duplum eſt trianguli ABV, cùm tamen æquale primum <lb></lb>tempus aſſumi debeat, ad perfectam comparationem; ſecundò longè majus <lb></lb>ſpatium decurritur ſecundùm tuam progreſſionem, quàm ſecundùm Ga<lb></lb>lileanam, in qua ſpatium decurſum tempore AE continet 16. triangula <lb></lb>æqualia triangulo ABV, in tua verò continet 10. rectangula æqualia <lb></lb>AV; igitur 20. triangula æqualia ABV, igitur ſpatium Galileanum erit <lb></lb>ad tuum vt 16. ad 20. ſeu vt 4. ad 5. igitur majus vna quarta parte, quod <pb pagenum="68" xlink:href="025/01/072.jpg"></pb>ſanè omnibus experimentis repugnat, quæ cum ſpatio Galileano prorſus <lb></lb>conſentiunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000770"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000771"> Nemo vnquam hujus rei periculum fecit in 4. inſtantibus, <lb></lb>ſed tantùm in 4. temporibus ſenſibilibus, nempe inſtantia ſub ſenſum non <lb></lb>cadunt; at ſupponuntur hoc loco 4.inſtantia. </s> <s id="s.000772">iuxta ſingularem illam tem<lb></lb>poris hypotheſim ; equidem ſi tempus AE ex quatuor partibus temporis <lb></lb>ſenſibilibus componas ſecundùm communem, aut etiam Galileanam tem<lb></lb>poris hypotheſim, & dividas AE in 8. tempora æqualia; in progreſſione <lb></lb>Galilei, tempore AE, idem ſpatium decurritur; at verò in mea decurritur <lb></lb>ſpatium, quod complectitur 18.triangula æqualia ABV; igitur ſpatium in <lb></lb>mea decurſum majus erit Galileano, vna octava; & ſi adhuc tempora bi<lb></lb>fariam dividas, majus erit vna decima ſexta; atque ita deinceps decre<lb></lb>ſcent exceſſus iuxta hanc ſeriem 1/4. &c. </s> <s id="s.000773">igitur. </s> <s id="s.000774">ſi vel in<lb></lb>ſtantia infinita ſunt, vel partes infinitæ, differentia ſpatiorum in mea <lb></lb>progreſſione & Galileana decreſcit in infinitum; ac proinde Illa ſpatia <lb></lb>æqualia cenſenda ſunt, quorum vnum aliud ſuperat, exceſſu, minore quo<lb></lb>libet aſſignabili: Hæc ſi non nemo paulò attentiùs conſideraſſet, meam <lb></lb>progreſſionem tam citò vt falſam & experimentis omnino repugnantem <lb></lb>minimè rejeciſſet, nec adeò dubitaſſet de vera hujus accelerationis cauſa, <lb></lb>quæ in eo poſita eſt, quod prioribus gradibus impetus novi gradus conti<lb></lb>nuè accedant, idque ſi quodlibet tempus ex infinitis conſter, vel etiam ex <lb></lb>finitis, ſed innumerabilibus, in triangulo; ſi verò ex paucis finitis, in <lb></lb>rectangulis, iuxta figuram AEF diſpoſitis; nec alia ſuper hoc, meo judi<lb></lb>cio, difficultas reſtat; vnde concludo, meam progreſſionem alteri præfe<lb></lb>rendam eſſe, quia ſcilicet vtrique hypotheſi facit ſatis; quanquam ad vſum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.000775">Galileana omnino adhibenda eſt, cùm in eam mea reſolvatur, vt verò ad <lb></lb>cauſam phyſicam accelerationis res reducatur pro vtraque hypotheſi, mea <lb></lb>certè non modò præferenda eſt, verùm etiam neceſſariò tenenda; ſed tam <lb></lb>multa de hac re ſcripſimus, vt de his plura ſcribere operæ pretium non ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000776"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000777"> Neſcio, quomodo dicas, nullam ſupereſſe difficultatem, <lb></lb>cùm inſuperabilis adhuc reſtet; nempe ſi primo inſtanti mobile acquirit <lb></lb>AV, & ſecundo, ſpatium CH, duplum, igitur, cùm mobile eſſet ih ſpa<lb></lb>tio AV tanquam in loco adæquato erit in CH duplo ſcilicet, tanquam <lb></lb>in loco adæquato majore. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000778"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc maxima eſt difficultas, fateor, & in communi temporis <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.072.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/072/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>hypotheſi, ſi rèm ipſam, non verba conſideremus, <lb></lb>ferè inſuperabilis; immò & in Galilei opinione, qui <lb></lb>vult, tempus ex infinitis inſtantibus Mathematicis <lb></lb>componi, inſolubilis nodus eſt; ſi enim in tempore <lb></lb>AE accipiantur duo inſtantia, ſcilicet B & C, nem<lb></lb>pe vt linea AE repræſentat tempus, ita quodlibet illius <lb></lb>punctum repræſentat vnum inſtans, porrò mobile, <lb></lb>quod movetur tempore AE, inſtanti B eſt in ſpa<lb></lb>tio BF, inſtanti C in ſpatio CG duplo prioris; <lb></lb>quia vt arca trianguli AEI repræſentat, totum <pb pagenum="69" xlink:href="025/01/073.jpg"></pb>ſpatium, quod mobile acquirit, tempore AE, ita linea BF repræſentat <lb></lb>ſpatium, in que fuit inſtanti B; & CG, ſpatium, in quo fuit inſtanti <lb></lb>C &c. </s> <s id="s.000779">In hypotheſi inſtantium phyſicorum hæc difficultas omnino ceſ<lb></lb>ſat; ſed ne huc accerſam integram, & benè longam tractationem, in <lb></lb>qua natura temporis & motus explicanda eſſet, conſule, ſi vis, Chry<lb></lb>ſocome, tractatum noſtrum, de motu locali; itemque Metaphyſicam <lb></lb>non vno loco, ibi enim hoc munere perfuncti ſumus, quo certè in præ<lb></lb>ſenti congreſſu perfungi non vacat. </s> <s id="s.000780">Addo tantùm, hypotheſi Coperni<lb></lb>canæ nihil obſtare motum acceleratum, vt dicebas, ſicuti eidem mo<lb></lb>tui non obſtat navis motus, vt pluſquam mille experimentis comproba<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000781"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000782"> Rectè omninò, nempe corpus grave deſcenderet, motu <lb></lb>quodam mixto, ex æquabili, & accelerato; in navi exemplum luculen<lb></lb>tum eſt, immò & in diſco projecto per inclinatam ſurſum, qui non mo<lb></lb>dò per curvam ſurſum aſcendit, verùm etiam per curvam deorſum ruit <lb></lb>& licèt æqualia ſpatia in dicta curva æqualibus temporibus omnino de<lb></lb>currat, ſaltem ad ſenſam, hoc tamen non obſtat, quin ratione perpen<lb></lb>dicularis, in quam vi motus naturalis inclinat, & in qua majora ſpa<lb></lb>tia decurrit. </s> <s id="s.000783">eodem prorſus modo quo fieret, ſi motus naturalis cum alio <lb></lb>horizontali conjunctus non eſſet; hoc inquam non obſtat, quin ratio<lb></lb>ne perpendicularis, dictum corpus grave motu accelerato moveatur; ſed <lb></lb>ſi motus acceleratus eſt, creſcit. </s> <s id="s.000784">impetus; hinc major ictus &c. </s> <s id="s.000785">Non <lb></lb>creſcunt ſpatia, inquies; Reſpondeo: non creſcunt in horizontali, con<lb></lb>cedo: vnde ratione horizontalis, eſt motus æquabilis; non creſcunt in per<lb></lb>pendiculari, nego; ſed profecto ſi non creſceret impetus, in perpendicula<lb></lb>ri ſpatia non creſcerent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000786"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000787"> Omitte quæſo hæc argumenta, à motu gravium, vel levium <lb></lb>petita, quæ ſanè multiplicem paralogiſmis materiam nonnullis præ<lb></lb>buerunt, quos aliis, amabo diſcutiendos relinquamus, præſertim, cùm <lb></lb>mediocriter doctis, & iſtarum rerum peritis cuncta hæc perſpecta ſint; <lb></lb>vnum tantùm: in quo non nemo maximam vim facit, obiter indico; <lb></lb>ſi moveatur terra, inquit, explodaturque catapulta, vel quodlibet <lb></lb>aliud projectionis organum, versùs polum directè, globus projectus <lb></lb>incidet in planum oppoſitum obliquè; igitur vis ictus longe minor erit, <lb></lb>quàm ſi explodatur versùs ortum, vel occaſum; quod tamen expe<lb></lb>rimentis repugnat: Sed facilè reſpondeo, dicti globi exploſi motum <lb></lb>mixtum eſſe ex duobus, altero communi aliis partibus terræ, versùs <lb></lb>ortum, altero impreſſo à machina versùs polum; vterque totum effe<lb></lb>ctum habet, qui ſibi competit; eſt enim reverà duplex impetus, quo<lb></lb>rum vnus independenter ab alio id totum præſtat, quod præſtare po<lb></lb>teſt; clariſſimum exemplum habemus in navi; vnde argumentum illud <lb></lb>facilè ſolvitur, nempe ictus per lineam obliquam minor eſt, quando <lb></lb>vnus tantùm impetus ineſt, ad talem lineam determinatus; at verò quan<lb></lb>do duplex impetus ineſt, & alter per directam lineam determinatus eſt, ſive <lb></lb>alius inſit, five non, æqualis ictus infligitur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="70" xlink:href="025/01/074.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000788"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000789"> Sed, quæſo te, Antime, quandoquidem alia non ſup<lb></lb>petunt argumenta in terreſtri globo, ad confutandum illius motum pro<lb></lb>fer amabo, locos illos ex quibus alia erui poſſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000790"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000791"> Nullus globus terreſtri vicinior eſt, quàm Luna; in Lunari <lb></lb>globo nonnihil habeo, quod fortè non minùs negotij tibi faceſſet, Augu<lb></lb>ſtine, quàm Marinus æſtus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000792"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000793"> Immò in Iove mobili, circa quem moventur quatuor <lb></lb>Ioviales Lunæ, clariſſimam analogiam habemus terræ mobilis, circa <lb></lb>quam Luna volvitur; nonnihil ſimile in Saturno habemus, circa quem <lb></lb>etiam ſua Stella, ſeu Luna Saturnia circumfertur; Luna igitur noſtræ <lb></lb>hypotheſi non obeſt, immò noſtra hypotheſis Lunari ſyſtemati favet, <lb></lb>quod ſcilicet, & à deformibus ſpiris, & à motu raptus versùs Occaſum <lb></lb>liberat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000794"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000795"> Negari non poteſt, quin ex ipſiſſimis, non illorum modò, <lb></lb>qui communem Aſtronomorum ſententiam tenent, verùm etiam prin<lb></lb>cipium Copernicanæ ſententiæ defenſorum principiit, Planetarum mo<lb></lb>tus reales, vt vocant, æquales ſint, quamvis inæquales nobis appa<lb></lb>reant; hanc realium motuum inæqualitatem Antiqui omnes, ad vnum, <lb></lb>vt Aſtronomiæ peſtem ac mortem relegarunt; ex recentioribus verò <lb></lb>Copernicus veſter, illam humano intellectui horrori eſſe dixit, Cla<lb></lb>vius ſummæ dementiæ; Reinholdus imperitæ imaginationis; alij deni<lb></lb>que, vt Tycho, æqualem motum, in cœleſtibus Sphæris, pro certo <lb></lb>& indubitato axiomate poſuerunt: Scio, Keplerum, quem deinde pauci <lb></lb>alij ſecuti ſunt, inæqualitatem motuum realium adſtruxiſſe, in id dum<lb></lb>taxat ab ipſa deſperatione inductum extremiſque anguſtiis, in quas illum <lb></lb>multa phænomena redegerant, quæ ſcilicet ſuppoſitis motibus realibus in <lb></lb>ſua hypotheſi explicare non poterat; hæc vnica huius conſilij cauſa fuit, <lb></lb>quod certè penitus ruit, ſi poſitis motibus æqualibus, cuncta phænomena <lb></lb>explicari poſſunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000796"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000797"> In hac parte tecum facilè ſentio, & verò à Ptolemæo <lb></lb>aliiſque antiquis Aſtronomis, itemque à Tychone, Longomontano, <lb></lb>Copernico, Galileo, Lansbergio, Clavio, Magino, aliiſque rei Aſtro<lb></lb>nomicæ Principibus, in hoc diſcedere, vix auſim ; nec ratio deeſt, quæ <lb></lb>meo ſaltem iudicio, rem conficit; nempe omnis motus per ſe inæquabi<lb></lb>lis vel acceleratus, vel retardatus eſt, neutrum de cœleſtibus motibus <lb></lb>dici poteſt; cùm enim eadem ſemper eſſet accelerationis vel retardatio<lb></lb>nis cauſa, certè in infinitum acceleraretur, vel retardaretur; quod vel <lb></lb>abſurdum dictu eſt; omitto certiſſimam totius Aſtronomiæ ruinam <lb></lb>ac deſtructionem, cùm inæqualitas certis ac perpetuis regulis minimè <lb></lb>ſubjaceat; incerta ſcilicet, varia, ignota; cùm enim vna dumtaxat <lb></lb>fit æqualitas, infinitæ ſunt ac variæ inæqualitates; cur hæc potiùs quam <lb></lb>illa? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000798"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000799"> Multas tamen apud Autorem Neotericum de re Aſtro<lb></lb>nomica optimè meritum, rationes legi, quibus probare conatur, inæ<lb></lb>qualitatem realium motuum, quantum porrò conjicio, in ſingula-<pb pagenum="71" xlink:href="025/01/075.jpg"></pb>rem hanc opinionem deſcendit, eò quòd putarer, æqualitatem realium <lb></lb>motuum ſalvari non poſſe, niſi in hypotheſi Copernicana, in qua <lb></lb>ſcilicet ſpectantis hominis oculus extra orbitarum cœleſtium centrum <lb></lb>collocatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000800"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000801"> Scio, quem intelligas, Chryſocome, rationes illæ de<lb></lb>biliſſimæ ſunt, & eadem facilitate deſtruuntur, qua adſtruuntur; præ<lb></lb>ſertim in hypotheſi hujus noſtri Antimi, in qua, motus realis vnicus <lb></lb>ſimplex & æquabilis eſt ab ortu in occaſum; reliqui tantùm apparentes, <lb></lb>hos quidem inæquales eſſe do vltrò, ſecus tamen realem & phyſicum, <lb></lb>qui ſanè ita æqualis eſt, vt æqualibus temporibus, æqualia ſpatia in ſuis <lb></lb>ſpiris ſeu revolutionibus Planeta decurrat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000802"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000803"> Non eſt etiam, quod aliquis timeat, ne præſata æqualitas hy<lb></lb>potheſi Copernicanæ ſuffragetur; ex illa enim potiſſimum contra iſtam <lb></lb>argumentum duci poteſt, vt paulò poſt evincam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000804"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000805"> Vnum omiſeram, quod ſcilicet in Luna maximè rea<lb></lb>lium motuum inæqualitas ponenda eſſet, quia ſcilicet Menſes tum Sy<lb></lb>nodici, tum Periodici inter ſe inæquales ſunt; at etiam in mea hypothe<lb></lb>ſi, Luna ſpectatur ex eo centro, circa quod ſuos orbes agit; igitur ideò <lb></lb>æqualitas abigenda non eſt, quod in hypotheſi terræ mobilis, ſal<lb></lb>vari tantùm poſſit; cùm & in alia hypotheſi fortè ſalvetur, & in illa, <lb></lb>Lunæ motus quamvis ex ſuo centro ſpectati, valde inæquales appa<lb></lb>reant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000806"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000807"> Ne dicas, <emph type="italics"></emph>fortè ſalvetur,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> dele illud <emph type="italics"></emph>fortè<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>; quia profectò æqua<lb></lb>litatem illam optimè & facilè ſalvo; vt probè, ni fallor, intelligis ex iis, <lb></lb>quæ in proximo congreſſu de meo Solis ſyſtemate obiter expoſui. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000808"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000809"> De Sole non abnuerim, ſed de Luna quid? </s> <s id="s.000810">In qua non<lb></lb>nulli ex tuis, etiam in tua hypotheſi, motuum realium inæqualitatem <lb></lb>admittunt, propter vnam dumtaxat inæqualitatem menſium; nempe li<lb></lb>cèt motus inæqualitas in hoc, vel illo arcu orbitæ in meram apparen<lb></lb>tiam, ſalva ſemper æqualitate reali, refundi poſſit, ſi tamen brevior ſit <lb></lb>vna integra revolutio, quàm alia, realis profectò erit, non verò apparens <lb></lb>inæqualitas, ſed hoc non vrgeo contra te, quia eadem vterque difficultate <lb></lb>laboramus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000811"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000812"> Nullo negotio præfatam menſium inæqualitatem in mea hy<lb></lb>potheſi explico; Cùm Lunæ æquè ac Soli motum ſimpliciſſimum attri<lb></lb>buam ab ortu ad occaſum, cum gemina illa inclinatione, de qua ſupra, <lb></lb>& hac vna ſingulari differentia, quòd terminus ſecundæ inclinationis in <lb></lb>Sole ſit Æquator, in Luna verò ſit Ecliptica; longioris operæ res eſſet, iſta <lb></lb>fuſiùs proſequi, præſertim cùm appellata menſium inæqualitas alioquin <lb></lb>facilè in hac mea hypotheſi intelligatur: fac enim, v. g. Solem eſſe cir<lb></lb>ca Apogæum, Lunæ conjunctum; Sol tardiùs ſuos orbes diurnos ab<lb></lb>ſolvit: igitur breviore intervallo Lunam poſt ſe relinquit versùs or<lb></lb>tum; vnde neceſſariò ſequitur, copulam deinde tardiùs fieri; vnde <lb></lb>menſem illum periodicum longiorem eſſe, neceſſe eſt; contra verò <lb></lb>breviorem illum, qui Sole in perigæo exiſtente currit; quod verò <pb pagenum="72" xlink:href="025/01/076.jpg"></pb>ſpectat ad menſem periodicum, eam ſcilicet temporis periodum, qua <lb></lb>Luna ab Occaſu ad Ortum totum Zodiacum decurrere videtur; modò <lb></lb>longior, modò brevior eſt, pro diverſo Nodorum ſitu; ſi enim Nodi <lb></lb>exiſtant, in punctis Eclipticæ Æquinoctialibus, haud dubiè Luna <lb></lb>ſuas ſpiras agens longiùs versùs Polos excurrit, minùs verò longè <lb></lb>Nodis in punctis Solſtitialibus exiſtentibus; ſed quò longiùs excur<lb></lb>rit, plus temporis ponit; Major igitur eſt periodus; quid clarius <lb></lb>ſupet hoc dici, vel excogitari poſſit, vereor ſanè vt quiſpiam vi<lb></lb>deat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000813"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000814"> Mirum mihi accidit, Antime, cur adeò in motuum rea<lb></lb>lium inæqualitatem inveharis, cùm tamen motum vtriuſque inclinatio<lb></lb>nis inæqualem in tuo ſyſtemate ſtatuas; acceleratum ſcilicet & retar<lb></lb>datum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000815"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000816"> Hanc inſtantiam facilè ſolvere, vel; vt veriùs dicam, eludere <lb></lb>poſſem, ſi dicerem, eſſe motus rectos, qui ex natura ſua accelerati ſunt, <lb></lb>vel retardati; nempe vel ad ſuum naturalem terminum tendunt, vel ab eo <lb></lb>recedunt; ſi primum, acceleratos; ſi alterum, retardatos eſſe, oportet; <lb></lb>ſed hi re verà motus non ſunt, qui tantùm conſiderantur in decurſi ſpatij <lb></lb>linea, in qua æqualibus temporibus æqualia ſemper ſpatia à Planeta de<lb></lb>curruntur, licèt inæqualia nobis appareant: & verò æquabilem mo<lb></lb>rum eſſe, neceſſe eſt, cuius æqualis eademque cauſa ſemper manet, idem <lb></lb>ſcilicet impetus, vel initio impreſſus, vel eo, quo dixi modo, acqui<lb></lb>ſitus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000817"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000818"> Nunquid tantulùm ſaltem retardat medij reſiſtentia, vt in <lb></lb>projectis, immò & deorſum cadentibus fieri videmus? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000819"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000820"> Certè non retardat, ſi medium ſimul & Planeta eodem <lb></lb>motu moveantur; Sed hoc adſtruere non cogimur, cùm nulla ratio<lb></lb>ne nitatur; medium enim commune eſt; Reſpondeo igitur, cladem <lb></lb>illam à reſiſtentia medij acceptam à Planeta continuo reſarciri, vel, <lb></lb>vt meliùs dicam, impediri; vt enim iuxta optimum Naturæ inſtitutum, <lb></lb>impetum non auget, ne ſcilicet obtinendo fini adverſetur, ita nec eun<lb></lb>dem impetum minui ſinit, quod non minùs eidem repugnaret in<lb></lb>ſtituto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000821"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000822"> Sed ne totus ſis in præludiis, ad tuum illud argumentum con<lb></lb>tra meam hypotheſim à Luna petitum veniendum eſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000823"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000824"> His præmiſſis, ad illud venio, ac dico, in tua hypotheſi, realem <lb></lb>Lunæ motum, eum ſcilicet, qui nobis æqualis ferè apparet, adeò inæqualem <lb></lb>fore, vt aliquando infinities tardior aut velocior eſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000825"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000826"> Somnia narras, Antime, quis vnquam hoc dixit, vel cogita<lb></lb>vit? </s> <s id="s.000827">Luna circa terram iret, quamvis mobilem, inæquali certè motu, quoad <lb></lb>apparentiam, re ipſa tamen ferè æquali; cùm arcus vno die decurſus paucis <lb></lb>minutis arcum alio die decurſum ſuperet; hæc eſt trita illa anomalia, eaque <lb></lb>multiplex in Luna, quam noſtri per excentricos, vel epicyclos, vel circellos <lb></lb>explicant; ſed hæc inæqualitas præterquàm quòd apparens, non verò rea<lb></lb>lis eſt tanta, non ſtatuitur, ne dum infinita. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="73" xlink:href="025/01/077.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000828"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000829"> Non ſomnio, Auguſtine; nihil dixi, quod demonſtrare non <lb></lb>poſſim. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.077.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/077/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000830">Sit enim <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan> vniverſi A, in quo <lb></lb>Solem ſtatuitis; ſit arcus magni orbis <lb></lb>DB, 29. circiter grad. quem ſcilicet <lb></lb>terra decurrit, toto illo tempore; quo <lb></lb>Luna ab vna copula, ad aliam ve<lb></lb>nit; Sit AD. 2000.Semidiam. terræ <lb></lb>DH 60. DB 508.circiter; vnde HD <lb></lb>in DB octies fere continetur. </s> <s id="s.000831">Sit au<lb></lb>tem primùm Luna in copula H, vt <lb></lb>deinde tranſeat per oppoſitionem G <lb></lb>ad ſequentem copulam I eo tempore, <lb></lb>quo terra decurrit arcum DCB: divi<lb></lb>datur arcus DC in 4.partes æquales <lb></lb>DELMC: ita progreditur terra cum <lb></lb>Luna, vt terra ſitin D, Luna in H ; <lb></lb>terra in E, Luna in O; terra in L, <lb></lb>Luna in E; terra in M, Luna in P ; <lb></lb>terra in C, Luna in G ; codem pro<lb></lb>greſſionis ordine terra à C tendit in B, & Luna à G tendit in I. </s> <s id="s.000832">En tibi <lb></lb>veram ac germanam lineam Lunaris motus in tua hypotheſi ; eodem por<lb></lb>rò tempore Luna ſegmenta HE & EG conficit; vnde vides, quàm ſit inæ<lb></lb>qualis motus; & multò majorem inæqualitatis proportionem invenies, ſi <lb></lb>compares ſegmentum HO cum ſegmento EP, vel PG; & vt ſegmentum <lb></lb>HO decurrit Luna, eo tempore, quo primum octantem ſuæ periodi, ap<lb></lb>parenti motu decurrere videtur, id eſt 45. grad. ſi accipiamus minorem <lb></lb>arcum v. g. 12. grad. paulò plùs, qui eſt arcus illius ferè diurnus, etſi com<lb></lb>paremus ſpatium, quod acquirit intereà, reali motu, tum circa Novilu<lb></lb>nium H, tum circa Plenilunium G, longè maior erit inæqualitatis propor<lb></lb>tio inter illa duo ſpatia, æqualibus temporibus decurſa, licèt quoad appa<lb></lb>rentiam æqualia ſpatia videantur. </s> <s id="s.000833">Vnde neceſſariò ſequitur, Lunam inæ<lb></lb>quali motu moveri, reali ſcilicet & phyſico, atque in tanta inæqualitatis pro<lb></lb>portione, vt qualibet aſſignabili major ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000834"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000835"> Si nihil aliud habes, hæc minimè nos vrgent; nam ſuppo<lb></lb>nimus Lunam moveri in epicyclo, cujus terra centrum eſt, ac proinde <lb></lb>Luna movetur motu mixto ex motu orbis & motu centri, vtroque certè <lb></lb>æquabili; ſed ex duobus motibus æquabilibus, motum mixtum minimè <lb></lb>æquabilem reſultare mirum dictu non eſt; immo neſcire non potes, cuili<lb></lb>bet hypotheſi, quæ epicyclos adſtruit, hoc eſſe commune. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000836"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000837"> Non dubitabam, quin hæc dicturus eſſes, ſed antequàm vlteriùs <lb></lb>progrediar, non admittis, opinor, in Luna realem epicyclum; ſi enim realis <lb></lb>Epicyclus eſſet, haud dubiè cum ſuperficie terræ intra 24.horas ſuum orbem <lb></lb>abſolveret, quod certè abſurdum dictu eſt; cùm decurrat tantùm eo tempo<lb></lb>re 12.gradus paulò plus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="74" xlink:href="025/01/078.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000838"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000839"> Accipe quæſo, totum Syſtema telluris globi, quod non modò <lb></lb>ſublunarem omnem tractum, verùm etiam Lunarem complectitur; finge <lb></lb>totum illud ad modum vnius Epicycli, ita tamen, vt globus terræ, & por<lb></lb>tio vicinior circumfuſi ætheris volvatur ab occaſu ad <expan abbr="ortũ">ortum</expan> ſpatio 24. hora<lb></lb>rum, ſuperior verò multò tardiùs, & Lunaris <gap></gap>tantum gradus eo tempore <lb></lb>acquirat, in tanta enim diſtantia, vis rapic<gap></gap>is terræ, ſi non prorſus evaneſ<lb></lb>cit, ſaltem plurimùm remittitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000840"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000841"> Ingeniosè prorſus; vis enim vim illam motricem à terreſtri glo<lb></lb>bo, ad Lunarem traduci, eamque valde remiſſam, propter diſtantiam, cujus <lb></lb>rei analogiam petes in mea quoque hypotheſi, a Iove, qui quatuor Lunas <lb></lb>ſecum ita volvit, immò & à Sole qui Venerem & Mercurium ſecum in or<lb></lb>bem agit; ſed vt duo ſunt motus in terreſtri globo, centri ſcilicet, atque or<lb></lb>bis, cur debilitatur vis motrix in Lunam traducta à motu orbis, intacta re<lb></lb>manente traducta à motu centri, vtramque enim, vel neutram diſtantia <lb></lb>æquè debilitat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000842"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000843"> Si fingas totum illud Syſtema vtroque motu moveri, fieri non <lb></lb>poteſt, quin motus centri toti ſyſtemati communis ſit, atque adeò omnes <lb></lb>ſyſtematis partes per ſe illo motu æquè moveantur, licèt aliquæ plus, aliæ <lb></lb>minùs propter motum orbis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000844"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000845"> Fingo facilè totum illud ſyſtema ad inſtar ſphæræ, cujus majo<lb></lb>rem tantùm circulum accipio, qui ſit ad inſtar epicycli ; ſed cùm retardetur <lb></lb>motus orbis propter diſtantiam, non video, cur propter eandem non re<lb></lb>tardetur etiam motus centri; & verò, ſi ſolida quæpiam eſſet partium hu<lb></lb>jus ſyſtematis inter ſe connexio, optimè intelligerem, quomodo vterque <lb></lb>motus omnibus communicetur; ſed hoc poſito, æquè citò omnes motum <lb></lb>orbis abſolverent; ſed cùm hæc ſolida connexio non ſit, quid mirum. </s> <s id="s.000846">ſi vter<lb></lb>que motus tum orbis, tum centri communicetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000847"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000848"> Vnum tibi facilè ſuggererem, quod ad rem præſentem pluri<lb></lb>mùm facit; nempe ſi motus orbis à globo terreſtri in Lunarem traducitur; <lb></lb>igitur hic motus Lunæ versùs ortum iret per arcus parallelos circulis diur<lb></lb>nis, ſimilis enim terræ motus ſimilem produceret; cùm tamen orbita Lu<lb></lb>næ non modò Æquatori parallela non ſit, ſed nequidem Eclipticæ; ac<lb></lb>cedit quod totum illud ſyſtema modò ad Auſtrum, modò ad Boream cum <lb></lb>terreſtri globo librari deberet, hoc enim ſit in terreſtri globo ad retinen<lb></lb>dum axis paralleliſmum; quare cùm non videatur quomodo Lunæ motus <lb></lb>à telluris motu proficiſci, vel traduci queat dicerem potiùs, (<emph type="italics"></emph>in ante<lb></lb>riori Schemate<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) Lunam ab Angelo ita moveri abſque epicyclo; quia <lb></lb>revera nullum videmus epicyclum, idque per lineam curvam HE <lb></lb>PGFI. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000849"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000850"> Ab Angelo igitur inæquali motu reali movetur; & hoc ipſum <lb></lb>eſt, quod ipſe Antimus intendit, & opponit contra meam hypotheſim ; hoc <lb></lb>autem argumentum ejuſdem prorſus eſt energiæ, ſive dicatur Luna moveri <lb></lb>ab Angelo per lineam HPG, ſive à ſe ipſa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000851"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Cùm ergo ita reverà moveatur per lineam HPG, motus illius, <lb></lb>realis ſcilicet, omnino inæqualis eſt, vt iam dixi. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="75" xlink:href="025/01/079.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000852"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000853"> Ille motus, qui fit per lineam HPG mixtus eſt ac proinde <lb></lb>inæqualis, ſed ex duobus æquabilibus, vt iam dixi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000854"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000855"> Vnde porrò ſunt illi duo motus æquabiles' à quo principio? </s> <s id="s.000856">& <lb></lb>quo tandem organo traducuntur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000857"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000858"> Affulget novæ lux reſponſionis; ſuperficies terræ inæquali<lb></lb>ter movetur, etiam in eodem circulo majore ; nempe ille arcus, qui ad <lb></lb>Solem convertitur, tardiſſimus eſt, oppoſitus verò velociſſimus, quid mi<lb></lb>rum igitur, ſi hic Lunam longiùs promovet, ſcilicet circa Plenilunium, <lb></lb>ille verò longè minùs, ſcilicet circa Novilunium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000859"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000860"> Non negarim, acutam, & non nemini fortè inexpectatam re<lb></lb>ſponſionem; ſed præterquam quod ſubſiſtunt alia ſupra oppoſita; quia nec <lb></lb>in arcubus, diurnis circulis parallelis Luna movetur, non videtur, cur mo<lb></lb>tus centri in Lunam traductus debilior non exiſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000861"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000862"> Miror, hæc à te dici, cùm vterque debilior exiſtat, vt mani<lb></lb>feſtum eſt; ſic enim ab H ad O parum progreditur, tum motu centri, tum <lb></lb>motu orbis; igitur à puncto terræ oppoſito ſuam vim accipit, majorem <lb></lb>ſcilicet, cùm velociùs illud movetur, quamvis alioquin motu mixto; mi<lb></lb>norem verò cùm tardiùs, quid ad aliud de arcubus parallelis reſpondeam, <lb></lb>non habeo, niſi fortè dicam, Lunam à ſe ipſa, vel ab Angelo per illam or<lb></lb>bitam moveri: Sed cur per illam movetur inæqualiter? </s> <s id="s.000863">deinde hæc orbita <lb></lb>reſpectum habet ad terram, quæ in ſua libratione diverſam periodum ha<lb></lb>bet, malim ergo ingenuè fateri, me neſcire, quid ad hoc reſpondeam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000864"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000865"> Reſumo quod ſupra dicere cœperam; præter illa argumenta, <lb></lb>inquam, quibus allata reſponſio non congruit, dico aliam eamque inſo<lb></lb>lubilem reſtare difficultatem; admiſſa enim prædicta reſponſione, fateris <lb></lb>in puncto G majorem vim impetus à puncto terræ oppoſito Lunam ac<lb></lb>cipere, minorem verò à puncto H, cur ergo Luna impreſſum impetum <lb></lb>deinde non retinet? </s> <s id="s.000866">cum nihil ſit à quo deſtruatur; nec enim obſtat, à <lb></lb>novo puncto terræ oppoſito ad aliam tangentem determinari, quia cùm <lb></lb>hoc fiat per novi impetus acceſſionem, hic aditus priori majorem vim <lb></lb>facit; igitur nulla eſſet ratio, cur deinde motus retardaretur versùs Qua<lb></lb>draturas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000867"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000868"> Vereor, vt inde quiſpiam cauſam deducat, rei miſſionis marini <lb></lb>æſtus in Quadratoris; nempe, vt in Oppoſitione vegetior eſt, ita in Quadra<lb></lb>turis minor eſt & flaccidior; quia, inquiet, cùm à Luna procedat, Lunæ <lb></lb>motus in plenilunio maior eſt, minor in Quadraturis; minorem igitur in <lb></lb>his, majorem in illo motus effectum producit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000869"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000870"> Sed in Novilunio Lunaris motus adhuc minor eſt, quam in <lb></lb>Quadraturis, & tamen nemo neſcit, æſtum in Novilunio majorem eſſe; alia <lb></lb>igitur ratio prædictæ differentiæ inveſtiganda eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000871"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000872"> Aliud in mentem venit, quod expromendum eſſe puto; <lb></lb>nempe ſi ſupponam Lunam 24. horarum ſpatio orbem ſuum circa terram <lb></lb>abſolvere, illius velocitas ad velocitatem puncti æquatoris in ſuperficie <lb></lb>terræ erit vt 60.ad 1.ſunt enim motus vt circuli, hi vtrò, vt ſemidiametri; <lb></lb>igitur non mirum eſt, cùm motus tardus velocem producere nequeat, ſi <pb pagenum="76" xlink:href="025/01/080.jpg"></pb>Luna longè tardiùs à terreſtri globo circumagitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000873"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000874"> Neque hoc ſufficit; quia cùm vnus motus alium æqualem ad <lb></lb>ſummum producere poſſit, eſto terræ motus æqualem Lunæ imprimat, <lb></lb>hic erit <gap></gap> illius quo Luna 24. horarum tempore abſolveret circulum con<lb></lb>ſectis 360. grad. igitur erit tantùm 6. graduum; ſed eſt 12. grad. </s> <s id="s.000875">diurnus <lb></lb>ſcilicet; aliunde igitur cauſa hujus motus petenda eſt: ſed nulla eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt, niſi hic motus inæqualis ſupponatur; igitur ex hoc etiam capite iſta <lb></lb>hypotheſis terræ mobilis non ſubſiſtit, quia ſcilicet in ea motus realis in<lb></lb>æqualis perſo eſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000876"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000877"> Eadem difficultate tua laborat hypotheſis, in qua Lunaris <lb></lb>motus ſine vno ſaltem epicyclo explicari nequit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000878"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000879"> Nullum Epicyclum pono <foreign lang="grc">ν</foreign> pro reali motu explicando; pro ap<lb></lb>parenti verò vtcumque, ſimplicem dumtaxat motum admitto, ab ortu ad <lb></lb>occaſum, longè tamen tardiorem motu Solis, ita vt ſingulis menſibus Sy<lb></lb>nodicis Sol Lunam aſſequatur, atque adeò <foreign lang="grc">η</foreign> num integrum circulum ſu<lb></lb>pra illam acquirat; adde vtramque inclinationem, quâ ſcilicet tum ab <lb></lb>Apogæo ad Perigæum & viciſſim, tum à Borea ad Auſtrum, & viciſſim <lb></lb>Planeta librari videtur; vtriuſque tamen periodus in Luna diverſa eſt à <lb></lb>Solari; vnde Lunæ Apogæum recurrit frequentiùs; præterea Lunæ ſecun<lb></lb>da inclinatio habet pro termino Eclipticam, vt jam dixi; anomaliæ primæ, <lb></lb>ſeu periodicæ ratio eadem eſt, quæ anomaliæ Solaris; neque hîc repeto, <lb></lb>quæ jam dixi in alio congreſſu; quod verò pertinet ad aliam inæqualita<lb></lb>tem, vel anomaliam ſynodicam, vt vocant. </s> <s id="s.000880">in mea hypotheſi, facilè ratio <lb></lb>redditur multiplicis inæqualitatis, quam huc vſque, vt verum fatear, non<lb></lb>dum accuratè indagarunt Aſtronomi, nedum ſtatuerunt; hinc vnus negat, <lb></lb>quod alius adſtruit; ſcilicet eò quiſque dumtaxat ſpectat, vt obſervatio<lb></lb>nes ad Syſtematis excogitati formam accommodet; ſed hæc fuſiùs diſcu<lb></lb>tere huius loci non eſt; hoc tantùm indicaſſe contentus, ex diverſo Lu<lb></lb>næ ſitu, multiplicem inæqualitatem, apparentem ſcilicet, eamque variam <lb></lb>ſequi poſſe: vtrùm verò Lunæ apogeæ diſtantia maior ſit in quadraturis, <lb></lb>quàm in copulis, & perigeæ minor, non deſunt, etiam inter principes <lb></lb>Aſtromos, qui negent: & verò punctum ac momentum veræ ac germa<lb></lb>næ quadraturæ vix diſcerni poreſt, maximè intra ſpatium duorum vel qua<lb></lb>tuor graduum; de Latitudine Lunæ nihil dico; cùm eam nullo negotio <lb></lb>explicemus; itemque Nodorum motum in antecedentia; quia citiùs ſecun<lb></lb>dæ inclinationis motus perficitur, quàm motus in Zodiaco; vnde neceſ<lb></lb>ſariò ſequitur motus Nodorum apparens contra ſeriem Signorum; motus <lb></lb>apogæi etiam apparens eodem modo explicatur, quo jam in Sole illum <lb></lb>explicuimus; itemque eorundem motuum inæqualitas, ſuppoſito motu <lb></lb>reali æquabiliſſimo; & vbi certæ omnino & in omnibus conſentientes <lb></lb>obſervationes aliquando definientur, nullus dubito, quin ex jactis princi<lb></lb>piis facilè in hac noſtra hypotheſi explicentur, quod tamen modò fieri ne<lb></lb>quit, cùm multa etiamnum incerta maneant, & vix de Apogæo conſtet, <lb></lb>vbi ſit, & qualis ſit excentricitas, an hæc ſemper eadem ſit; diſtantia verò <lb></lb>Lunæ maxima, etiam incerta eſt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="77" xlink:href="025/01/081.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000881"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000882"> Probè intelligo tuum ſyſtema Lunare; vis enim Lunam ſim<lb></lb>plici motu moveri ab Ortu ad Occaſum, ſed longè tardiùs, quàm ſtellas; <lb></lb>ita vt intra tempus vnius menſis periodici Luna à Stellis retro relicta ver<lb></lb>sùs Ortum, videatur totum Zodiacum percurrere, & ad idem punctum <lb></lb>redire; & quia Sol toto eo tempore versùs Ortum relictus eſt, quaſi 27. <lb></lb>grad. antequam ad copulam Luna redeat, duobus diebus & aliquot horis <lb></lb>opus eſt: hunc menſis Synodicus longior periodico; addis vtriuſque incli<lb></lb>nationis motum, ita vt ſecundæ terminus ſit Eclyptica; & quia motus ſe<lb></lb>cundæ abſolvitur paulò ante finem periodici, hinc motus Nodorum ver<lb></lb>sùs Occaſum, itemque Apogæi versùs Ortum; quia periodus intra quam <lb></lb>Luna redit ad Apogæum, paulò longior eſt menſe periodico: inæqualitas <lb></lb>ſimplex eodem modo à te explicatur in Luna, & in Sole; aliæ ex diverſa <lb></lb>combinatione vtriuſque inclinationis naſcuntur: Latitudinem per motum <lb></lb>ſecundæ inclinationis facilè omninò explicas, Vtrùm verò major ſit Lati<lb></lb>tudo in Quadraturis, quàm in Copulis, incertum putas, itemque multa alia <lb></lb>incerta, quæ ſupra obiter recenſuiſti; optimè demum explicas, quomodo <lb></lb>menſes Periodici modò majores ſint, modò minores, itèmque Synodici, <lb></lb>menſes enim Periodici majores ſunt, quando Nodi ſunt circa Æquato<lb></lb>rem, minores verò, quando ſunt circa Tropicos; Synodici autem majores <lb></lb>ſunt, dum Sol eſt circa Apogæum, dum verò circa Perigæum minores; <lb></lb>neque in his vlla reſtat difficultas; vnum tantùm ex te reſcire velim, Anti<lb></lb>me, quid cenſeas de libratione illa Lunari, qua ſit, vt quædam interdum <lb></lb>maculæ ad margines diſci Lunaris propiùs accedant, aliàs, ab iis longiùs <lb></lb>recedant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000883"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hevelio fideliſſimo & accuratiſſimo Lunarium Phænomenon <lb></lb>obſervatori, in his detrectari fidem, non auſim ; hic autem vult, Lunam <lb></lb>ita librari, vt cùm maximè ab Æquatore declinat, versùs Boream, macu<lb></lb>læ Boreales in ejus diſco recedant à margine, Auſtrales contra ad margi<lb></lb>nes accedant; & viciſſim cùm maximè declinat versùs Auſtrum, auſtra<lb></lb>les recedant, accedant verò Boreales. </s> <s id="s.000884">Nonnulli ex veſtris, Auguſtine, ſta<lb></lb>tuunt ad hunc finem, Lunarem axem ſibi ipſi parallelum, & Axi mundi; ſed <lb></lb>meo judicio perperam ſatis, dum enim versùs Tropicum Cancri acce<lb></lb>dit Luna, extremitas Borealis axis attolleretur, vt patet, igitur & Semicir<lb></lb>culus diſci Borealis, & Auſtralis de primeretur; ex quo contraria Phænome<lb></lb>na ſequerentur; Malim dicere Lunarem Globum magnetica forſan virtute <lb></lb>pellere, ac proinde habere duos polos magneticos; igitur codem prorſus <lb></lb>modo ſeſe componit ad terreſtrem Globum, quo terrella quæpiam, vel <lb></lb>acus magnetica; igitur quando Luna versùs Boream tendit ab Æquatore, <lb></lb>extremitas borealis axis deprimitur, Auſtralis verò attollitur, & viciſſim; <lb></lb>cùm Luna ab Æquatore versùs Auſtrum excurrit; Auſtralis deprimitur, <lb></lb>Borealis attollitur, ex quo prædicti effectus neceſſariò conſequuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000885"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000886"> Parum admodùm abeſt, quin hoc apprimè capiam; nonni<lb></lb>hil ſchematis deſiderarem, vt hoc meliùs inculcetur </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000887"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000888"> Id mihi præſtandum ſuſcipio: ſit meridianus Lunaris SBTK, <lb></lb>Axis magneticus BK, ſemicirculus ad terram converſus BSK, qui in <pb pagenum="78" xlink:href="025/01/082.jpg"></pb>diſco Lunari apparet projectus in BK; lineæ viſuales BO, SP, KR, <lb></lb>quas exhibeo parallelas, propter anguli tenuitatem; ſit A in Æquatore, <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.082.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/082/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Axis BK ſecat Æquatorem ad an<lb></lb>gulos rectos; ſi verò A ſit in Tro<lb></lb>pico Cancri, punctum B deprimitur <lb></lb>in G, & K attollitur in H ; Hinc ante <lb></lb>depreſſionem macula E videbatur <lb></lb>in C, igitur vicina margini, N verò <lb></lb>in L. remota igitur à margine; at <lb></lb>verò poſt depreſſionem dicti Axis <lb></lb>Macula E erit in F, ac proinde vide<lb></lb>bitur in D: igitur recedit à margi<lb></lb>ne; at verò N erit in M ; igitur vi<lb></lb>debitur in I; accedit igitur ad mar<lb></lb>ginem; hæc adeò perſpicua ſunt, vt <lb></lb>nihil clariùs dici, vel excogitari poſſe <lb></lb>videatur. </s> <s id="s.000889">Vnum tamen dubium re<lb></lb>ſtat de fide ſcilicet Hevelij, cùm non <lb></lb>defuerit, qui dictam fidem prorſus elevarit, adductis obſervationibus <lb></lb>omnino contrariis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000890"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000891"> Scio, non defuiſſe; Hevelio tamen adhærendum, eique fi<lb></lb>dem habendam eſſe, putarem, præſertim cum nonnulla ex iis, quæ con<lb></lb>tra illum adducuntur, minimè ſubſiſtant; Sed hæc diſcutere non vacat; <lb></lb>Vt vt ſit, ſuppoſita veritate dictorum Hevelij. </s> <s id="s.000892">conſtat rationem huius <lb></lb>librationis à me allatam perſpicuam eſſe; ſi res ſecus ſe habeat, vt mihi, <lb></lb>Auguſtine, non nocet, ita tibi nullo modo prodeſt. </s> <s id="s.000893">Sed iam ad alias ratio<lb></lb>nes veniamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000894"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000895"> Reſtat, Antime, vt ad alios cœleſtes globos gradum facias, in <lb></lb>quo lepidiſſimum itineris extatici autorem imitari cuipiam fortè videberis; <lb></lb>quod neſcio an Copernicanis metuendum ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000896"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000897"> Ne timeas, Chryſocome, ſiſtemus gradum in terra, nec de Ve<lb></lb>nere quidquam aſtruam, niſi quod omnes facilè probare poſſint; Dico <lb></lb>igitur iuxta Copernicanam hypotheſim, Venerem tam propè ad nos acce<lb></lb>dere, circa conjunctionem ſcilicet veſpertinam, & tam procul abeſſe, <lb></lb>circa matutinam, vt eius diameter vna vice ſeptuplo ferè major, quàm <lb></lb>alia videnda ſit; quod vt in facili Schemate oſtendam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000898">Sit (<emph type="italics"></emph>in ſeq.Fig.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) Sol in A immobilis; ſit magnus orbis, in quo movetur terrá <lb></lb>BCDE, ſint diametri BD, CE, ſitque angulus ABC grad 47. & ſuppo<lb></lb>natur maxima digreſſio Veneris à Sole; ducatur AF perpendicularis in <lb></lb>BC, & ſub radio AF deſcribatur circulus FGHIK, hic erit orbis Veneris; <lb></lb>igitur Perigæum Veneris erit in K, poſito quod terra ſit in B; Apogæum <lb></lb>verò in H cuncta hæc pro conceſſis habeo; licèt Perigæum aliquando <lb></lb>propiùs accedat ad B, tum quia interdum major eſt Veneris digreſſio; tum <lb></lb>etiam quia moveri cenſetur in excentrico,; igitur cum ſimul eſt in aphelio <lb></lb>& Perigæo, propiùs ad B haud dubiè accedit. </s> <s id="s.000899">Sit ergo in K, citra acura-<pb pagenum="79" xlink:href="025/01/083.jpg"></pb>tiores calculos, dico, KB eſſe <gap></gap> totius BH, paulo plus; igitur propter <lb></lb>parvitatem anguli, cùm linea recta pro arcu accipi poſſit, Veneris diame<lb></lb>ter in K videtur Sexcupla illius, quæ videtur in H ſunt enim anguli vt <lb></lb>diſtantiæ permutando, acutiſſimi ſcilicet, qualem hoc loco conſidera<lb></lb>mus: ſed profectò nemo vnquam vidit Venerem perigæam quadragecu<lb></lb>plam apogææ. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.083.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/083/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000900"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000901"> Miror, hæc à te dici, qui perſpicillorum majorum ſatis, opi<lb></lb>nor, peritus es; illius ſaltem amicus & familiaris, qui præ cæteris optima <lb></lb>& longiſſima fabricat; Galileus ſuo tubo ſpicillo inſtructus, argumentum <lb></lb>à te propoſitum jam olim diluit, vt pote qui omnino comperit, Venerem <lb></lb>perigæam quadragecuplam apogææ, etiam mediocris teleſcopij operâ vi<lb></lb>deri, vt non ſemel ipſe typis mandavit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000902"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000903"> Sciò, hoc aſſertum ab eo fuiſſe; ſed miror, à nemine, ſaltem <lb></lb>quod ſciam, in dubium vocatum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000904"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000905"> Quis amabò hac de re dubitaret, & fidem huic homini detre<lb></lb>ctaret, qui tam multa in cæleſti regione à ſe primùm explorata ſub aſpe<lb></lb>ctum mortalium adduxit, quique ſuo tempore, optima omnium vitra tor<lb></lb>nari & componi curavit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000906"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000907"> De his non diſputo, nec quidquam de cuiuſpiam laude velim <lb></lb>detractum, dico tamen, me optimis alioquin teleſcopiis vſum, nunquam <lb></lb>Venerem perigæam quadragecuplam apogææ vidiſſe; Non nego perſpi<lb></lb>cilla Galilei eximia fuiſſe, ſed longè iis breviora, quibus vſus ſum; negari <pb pagenum="80" xlink:href="025/01/084.jpg"></pb>profectò non poteſt, quin vir præſtantiſſimus Euſtachius Divinus prædi<lb></lb>ctam fabricandorum teleſcopiorum artem eò adduxerit, quò illam nemo <lb></lb>hactenus adduxit; itaque optimo vtor teleſcopio, quò Venerem perigæam <lb></lb>majorem quidem apogæa video, non tamen quadragecuplam; ad omnium <lb></lb>oculos provoco. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000908"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000909"> In qua proportione majorem diametrum perigææ vides? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000910"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000911"> Pluſquam ſexcuplam videre deberem; at non dicam ſexcuplam, <lb></lb>aut quintuplam triplá non video; & hinc neceſſaria <expan abbr="cõſequutione">conſequutione</expan> deduco, <lb></lb>Copernicanam hypotheſim corruere, in qua neceſſe eſt, diametrum Vene<lb></lb>ris perigeæ pluſquam ſexcuplam videri diametri eiuſdem apogeæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000912"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000913"> Tantulum ſchematis deſiderarem; licèt enim multam fidem tibi <lb></lb>habeam, mens tamen maximè recreatur, ſi eadem quæ aure accepimus <lb></lb>oculorum etiam teſtimonio confirmentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000914"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000915"> Antimum ab hoc onere levabo; Sit AF radius partium <lb></lb>100000. & angulus ABF 47. graduum, tanta enim eſt plerumque <lb></lb>maxima Veneris digreſſio; erit ſecans AB 136733. igitur tota BH <lb></lb>236733. & KB 36733. igitur KB eſt ad BH vt vnum ad 6. <gap></gap> paulò <lb></lb>plus. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.084.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/084/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000916">Sit autem quælibet linea P. ad MQ, vt vnum ad 6. <gap></gap> aſſumatur quæli<lb></lb>bet diameter PN quæ videatur et M ſub angulo NMP, tum eadem ſta-<pb pagenum="81" xlink:href="025/01/085.jpg"></pb>tuatur in QL ducaturque ML ſecans PN in D, haud dubiè erit PO, ad <lb></lb>QL, vel PN, vt MP ad MQ, id eſt vt 1. ad 6. <gap></gap> ſed angulus LML, vel <lb></lb>OMP eſt ad angulum NMP, vt PO, ad PN, nempe in acutiſſimis angu<lb></lb>lis, qualis ſupponitur is, ſub quo videtur Veneris diameter, arcus ſunt <lb></lb>ad ſenſum vt tangentes; igitur angulus OMP eſt ad angulum NMP vt <lb></lb>1. ad 6.<gap></gap> cùm igitur Veneris diſtantia minima ſit ad maximam, vt vnum ad <lb></lb>6.<gap></gap> ejus diameter apparens in minima eſt ad apparentum in maxima vt <lb></lb>NP ad PO, id eſt vt 6.<gap></gap> paulò plus ad <gap></gap>igitur diſcus Veneris perigeæ <lb></lb>appatens eſt ad diſcum apogeæ vt 40.<gap></gap> ad 1. & re ipſa talem eſſe Coperni<lb></lb>canæ ſententiæ defenſores pronunciant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000917"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000918"> Cur appellas Copernicanæ ſententiæ defenſores? </s> <s id="s.000919">alios etiam <lb></lb>appellare debueras, cùm etiam ex Tychonico ſyſtemate eadem prorſus <lb></lb>diametrorum apparentium ratio, ſeu proportio conſequatur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.085.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/085/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000920">Fac enim terram eſſe immobilem in B, Solemque per orbem ANML <lb></lb>ire, ac ſecum deferte centrum epicycli Veneris; hauddubie Venus erit <lb></lb>perigæa in K, apogæa in H. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000921"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000922"> Hoc ipſum in primo noſtro congreſſu à quo aberas, Chryſoco<lb></lb>me, indicatum à me ſuperat, vt videte eſt, in V.figura, & ideò non circularem <lb></lb>epicyclum deſcripſi nec etiam ellipticum, ſed ſpital: quadam, ſeu quaſi pa<lb></lb>rabolica linea terminatum ab apogæo ad maximam digreſſionem, & hinc <lb></lb>ad perigæum alia curva ad rectam proxime accedente: porrò noſtro <pb pagenum="82" xlink:href="025/01/086.jpg"></pb>ſyſtemati quælibet diametrum apparentium proportio convenire <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000923"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000924"> Habe bis omnes Aſtronomos tibi refragantes, non ſolùm <lb></lb>illos, qui Copernico adhærat, verùm etiam omnes propemodùm alios, <lb></lb>immo ex tuis non deſunt viri doctiſſimi, & cœleſtium obſervationum <lb></lb>peritiſſimi, qui non modò Veneris perigææ dictum quadragecuplo, <lb></lb>ſed etiam quinquagecuplo & vltra majorem eſſe, quàm apogææ liberè pro<lb></lb>nunciant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000925"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000926"> Quid faceres? </s> <s id="s.000927">meis oculis fidem detractam non poſſum, <lb></lb>optimum teleſcopium adhibui; longè tamen minorem proportionem <lb></lb>inæqualitatis eſſe comperi, quanquam ſententiarum diverſitas etiam inter <lb></lb>Principes Aſtronomiæ multam mihi hac de re ſuſpicionem injicit, quorum <lb></lb>aliqui Veneria perigææ diametrum 7.minut.eſſe volunt, alij 4. alij 3.2.alij <lb></lb>demum 1. eadem diverſitas diametrorum apparentium Mercurij, Martis <lb></lb>& Iovis apud eoſdem Autores obſervatur. </s> <s id="s.000928">Sed, inquiet aliquis, obſer<lb></lb>vationes meæ accuratiores ſunt, idem alius de ſuis ſentiet; Vt vt ſit ad om<lb></lb>nium oculos provoco, nam ſæpè ac ſæpiùs Venerem aſpexi, non procul <lb></lb>à perigæo, ſcilicet paulo ante, vel paulò poſt conjunctionem veſpertinam, <lb></lb>diverſis etiam modis adhibitis, nunquam tamen illius diſcum quadrage<lb></lb>cuplum comperi, illius quem in eadem non procul ab apogæo ſita obſer<lb></lb>varam, ſed longè minorem; idem de Mercurio perigæo, quem nunquam <lb></lb>octuplum apogæi, idem de Marte, quem nunquam ſexagecuplum, multò <lb></lb>minùs octogecuplum aut <expan abbr="noagecuplũ">nonagecuplum</expan> obſervare potui, Nihil ſanè doctiſſi<lb></lb>morum hominum obſeruationibus & fidei <expan abbr="detractũ">detractum</expan> velim; ſed ignoſcant, <lb></lb>ſi oculis meis plus tribuam; vereor autem vt aliqui, vt ſyſtemati á ſe fabri<lb></lb>cato, aut reformato meliùs <expan abbr="conſulãt">conſulant</expan>, ex paucis obſervationibus, iiſque præ<lb></lb>ſertim, quoad minuta ſaltem ſecunda, fallaciæ haud parum obnoxiis, ea <lb></lb>nonnunquam adſtruant, quæ dubito, an reliquis deinde obſervationibus <lb></lb>ſubjaceant. </s> <s id="s.000930">Vnum deinde in Venere notatu dignum eſſe puto, eam ſcilicet, <lb></lb>cùm circa perigæum vel apogæum obſervatur, non procul abeſſe ab ho<lb></lb>rizonte, ac proinde non modicam radios viſuales refractionem pati. </s> <s id="s.000931">quæ <lb></lb>hauddubie apparentem illius diametrum variabit; deſiderandum, vt Ve<lb></lb>nus ſub Solis diſcum aliquando veniret, tunc enim exceptis trajectiſque <lb></lb>radiis ſolaribus teleſcopio, nec non projectis in planum directè <lb></lb>oppoſitum, vel ipſis oculis ratio diametrum Veneris ad diametrum Solis ſub<lb></lb>jiceretur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000932"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000933"> Libenter ex re reſcirem vtrùm ſit aliquod Veneris phœnome<lb></lb>non; quod in tua hypotheſi explicari non poſſe putes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000934"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000935"> Vix crediderim vllum eſſe; de certis enim loquor & indubi<lb></lb>tatis; nempe: modò ſupponam. </s> <s id="s.000936">Venerem ſimplici motu moveri ab ortu <lb></lb>ad occaſum, eoque æquabiliſſimo, cum illa duplici inclinatione, itus ac re<lb></lb>ditus reciproci, ad inſtar motus accelerati & retardati; prima quidem ab <lb></lb>Apogæo ad diſtantiam mediam, eandem curn diſtantia media Solis, & hinc <lb></lb>ad Perigæum, ita vi Venus infra mediam diſtantiam orbem ſuum iſochro<lb></lb>non cum Sole perficiæ ; Secunda verò ab eo latitudinis puncto, in quo <pb pagenum="83" xlink:href="025/01/087.jpg"></pb>fuit, antequam motu circulari moveretur ad Eclipticam, eo modo, quo iam <lb></lb>ſupra dictum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000937"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000938"> Qua quæſo linea, curva an recta? </s> <s id="s.000939">deinde an perpen<lb></lb>diculariter cadente in planum Eclipticæ? </s> <s id="s.000940">an verò in planum Æqua<lb></lb>toris? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000941"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000942"> Ad vtrumque reſpondeo; ad primum quidem, per curvam fieri; <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.087.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/087/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>vt dixi de Sole v.g. per arcum D. <lb></lb>F, vt eandem retineat à centro <lb></lb>mundi diſtantiam, vi ſcilicet hujus <lb></lb>motus, ſeu inclinationis; quænam <lb></lb>verò ſit accelerationis ratio à D ver<lb></lb>sùs F, iam ſupra indicavi. </s> <s id="s.000943">Suppone <lb></lb>horizontale planum AF & ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem ſphæræ inclinatam DF, in <lb></lb>qua deſcendat corpus grave motu <lb></lb>accelerato, hæc eſt accelerationis <lb></lb>progreſſio; quæ in ſecundam incli<lb></lb>nationem apprimè quadrat; <expan abbr="quænã">quænam</expan> <lb></lb>porrò & qualis ſit hæc progreſſio <lb></lb>motus accelerati, altioris eſt indagi<lb></lb>nis; Licèt enim <expan abbr="eadẽ">eadem</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſit cum illa, <lb></lb>quam ſervant funependula in de<lb></lb>ſcenſu, ab ea tamen petenda eſt; <lb></lb>Vt vt ſit, hæc diſcuſſio hujus noſtri <lb></lb>inſtituti non eſt, ad ſecundum re<lb></lb>ſpondeo, Lineam illam cadere per<lb></lb>pendiculariter in planum Æquato<lb></lb>ris, <expan abbr="nẽpe">nempe</expan> determinatur à Plano cir<lb></lb>culi parallelo Plano Æquatoris, eius <lb></lb>tamen terminus eſt Ecliptica, vt di<lb></lb>xi; nempe Plánetæ hinc terram aſpi<lb></lb>ciunt, cui ſerviunt, lumenque refun<lb></lb>dunt; inde verò Solem, ſub primo reſpectu, ſuos orbes agunt circa - <lb></lb>terram, tanquam circa ſuum centrum; ſub alio verò, Solis ſequun<lb></lb>tur veſtigia, qui cùm ab Ecliptica nunquam diſcedat, hic ſolus circulus <lb></lb>ſecundam inclinationem Planetarum tanquam terminus determinat. </s> <s id="s.000944">Ex <lb></lb>his autem perſpicuas rationes reddo, in mea hypotheſi, acceleratio<lb></lb>nis, retardationis, retrogreſſionis, ſtationis, Nodorum motus, itemque <lb></lb>Apogæi & Perigæi, variæ digreſſionis & latitudinis, vt jam ſupra indicavi<lb></lb>mus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000945"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000946"> Antequam alia argumenta expromas, per te mihi liceat, <lb></lb>Antime, vnum quidpiam, quod jam in mentem venit, breviter expo<lb></lb>nere; ſcilicet in Copernicana hypotheſi, cuncta fetè gratis, vt aiunt, <lb></lb>& ad nutum conſtruentis adſtrui, id eſt ſine vlla cauſa, vel ratione, quæ <lb></lb>hoc, vel illud fieri poſtulet; v.g. terram moveri volunt in excentrico; cur <pb pagenum="84" xlink:href="025/01/088.jpg"></pb>amabò circa illud centrum potiùs quàm circa aliud? </s> <s id="s.000947">Cur non circa Solem, <lb></lb>qui eſt in Mundi centro? </s> <s id="s.000948">aut ſi vis, moveri in Eclipſi, cur hanc adhibes po<lb></lb>tiùs quàm <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan>? </s> <s id="s.000949">cur Sol in hoc. </s> <s id="s.000950">vmbilico, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> verò in alio, vel in ipſo ellipſeos <lb></lb>centro? </s> <s id="s.000951">deinde cur & vnde movetur Apogæum? </s> <s id="s.000952">cur in conſequentia potiùs <lb></lb>quàm in antecedentia? </s> <s id="s.000953">cur terra ab occaſu ad ortum, tum motu centri, tum <lb></lb>etiam orbis ſecundùm hemiſphærium à Sole averſum? </s> <s id="s.000954">cur per Eclipticam <lb></lb>cum tanta declinatione ab Æquatore? </s> <s id="s.000955">vnde etiam motus orbis annuus <lb></lb>diurno contrarius? </s> <s id="s.000956">denique vnde ipſa vertigo Solis? </s> <s id="s.000957">cur tanta, non major <lb></lb>aut minor? </s> <s id="s.000958">Cuncta hæc, <expan abbr="aliaq̨">aliaque</expan> ; fortè ſimilia ſine vlla ratione vel cauſa exi<lb></lb>gente Copernicana hypotheſis habet, eo tantùm nomine, quod ad ſalvan<lb></lb>da phænomena, neceſſaria eſſe credantur, quæ tamen alio modo ſalvari <lb></lb>poſſunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000959"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000960"> Par pari haud dubiè referre poſſum: nunquid enim hæc eadęm <lb></lb>in veſtra hypotheſi ad ſalvanda phænomena gratis & abſque alia cauſa non <lb></lb>aſtruuntur? </s> <s id="s.000961">nunquid non poniti sex centricos, epicyclos, Apogæi Nodorum<lb></lb>que motum? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000962"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſec.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000963"> Scio, à multis in noſtra hypotheſi, hæc gratis adſtrui; Anti<lb></lb>mus tamen noſter, vt jam non ſemel audiiſti, vno ſimplici motu æqua<lb></lb>bili, & gemina inclinatione illa omnia explicat, & ad ſuas cauſas re<lb></lb>ducit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000964"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000965"> Tuo illo argumento, Chryſocome, contra Copernicum non ſe<lb></lb>mel vſus ſum, re tamen paulò accuratiùs <expan abbr="cõſiderata">conſiderata</expan>, illæ rationes, quæ meo <lb></lb>ſyſtemati favent, pro explicatione illorum capitum, quæ ſupra recenſuiſti, <lb></lb>ad Copernicanum facilè traduci poſſunt, & pro illo æquè militant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000966"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000967"> Magno certè beneficio me tibi obſtringes, ſi rem hanc me do<lb></lb>cueris, quæ certè quanti momenti futura ſit, vix dici à me poteſt; ſi enim <lb></lb>Keplerus pro metis nugis & fabulis, in quibus cauſas phyſicas cæleſtium <lb></lb>phænomenon collocabat, tantam gloriam apud omnes obtinuit; quid de <lb></lb>illo faturum putas, qui veras eorundem cauſas in hac hypotheſi Copernici <lb></lb>ad duxerit? </s> <s id="s.000968">inde ſaltem maxima tua ingenuitas conſpicua & palam fiet, cùm <lb></lb>vel noſti arma porrigas, quibus ſe defendat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000969"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000970"> Libenter faciam; nec enim in hiſce diſſertationibus literariis, ali<lb></lb>quorum dolus mihi probatur, qui ea celant adverſarium, quæ illius cauſæ <lb></lb>ſuffragantur; mihi ſanè ſecus agendum eſſe puto. </s> <s id="s.000971">Itaque ſupponamus So<lb></lb>lem in centro mundi A ſtabulari, terram in apogæo C.circulum CHFP in <lb></lb>plano Eclipticæ, per quem terræ <expan abbr="centrũmoveretur">centrum moveretur</expan> à C in N, quod vocamus <lb></lb>in conſequentia Signorum, ſi eſſet in mediocri, vel | connaturali diſtantia; ſed <lb></lb>quia ab Apogæo ad mediocrem diſtantiam tendit, ſenſim motu accelerato <lb></lb>accedit versùs A, ſimulque, tendit motu circulari verſus H, vnde <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> movetur <lb></lb>per arcum CH, ſed per alium CG ; ſupponamus autem AG eſſe mediocre <lb></lb>diſtantiam; in ea non ſiſtit; ſed motu retardato progreditur vltrà versus Peri<lb></lb>gæum; & quia receſſus à mediocri' diſtantia æqualis eſt acceſſui, æquali tem<lb></lb>pore decurret arcum GE, atque ita erit Perigæum in E, ex quo pari modo <lb></lb>pervenit in I, nam AI eſt mediocris diſtantia, reditque per iſochronum <lb></lb>receſſum, ad Apogæum C; ſive autem arcus CGE ſit ſemicirculus, vel <pb pagenum="85" xlink:href="025/01/089.jpg"></pb>ſpiralis, ſive etiam ellipſis, cogita punctum C accedere ad R motu acce<lb></lb>lerato per radium AC eo tempore quo radius AC circa centrum A in <lb></lb>eodem plano ductus pervenit in AG, ferens ſecum punctum illud mobi<lb></lb>le, quod tunc erit in G ; deinde idem punctum moveatur motu retardato <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.089.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/089/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ab R in D, dum prædictus codem motu pervenit in AE, tunc certè præ<lb></lb>dictum punctum erit in E ſcilicet in Perigæo ; quare hæc linea erit vna ex <lb></lb>ſpiralibus Archimedis, quæ ad ſemicirculum proxime accedit; quia vero <lb></lb>differentia ſenſibilis nen eſt, ſemicirculus ſupponi poteſt, in quo cen<lb></lb>trum terræ motu æquabili movetur; pari modo punctum illud redit à D <lb></lb>in R, & ab R ad A, dum idem radius ab AE redit in AC. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000972"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc mihi ſummoperè placent, cùm ex ſimpliciſſimis princi<lb></lb>piis deducantur; vna tamen difficultas ſeſe oculis meis objicit ; nam <lb></lb>æquali tempore, vt dicis, radius AC circumducitur in AG, vel AN, & <lb></lb>ab AN ad AF, igitur inæqualiter movetur, cùm arcus CN minor ſit <lb></lb>arcu NF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000973"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000974"> Equidem extremitas radij AC movetur inæqualiter in cir<lb></lb>culo CHFP; punctum tamen C, ſeu centrum terræ ita movetur per <lb></lb>CGE motu mixto ex circulari, & recto, vt hic prorſus æquabilis reſul<lb></lb>tet: Hinc circulus CGEI eſt quidem excentricus, non tamen verus, in <lb></lb>quo ſcilicet terra motu ſimplici moveatur, ſed apparens; & conſequen<lb></lb>ter centrum B, tantùm apparens; item excentricitas AB; quæ omnia ex <lb></lb>prædicto motu mixto conſequi, neceſſe eſt; itemque anomaliam, id eſt, <pb pagenum="86" xlink:href="025/01/090.jpg"></pb>appatentem nobis ejuſdem motus inæqualitatem; licet enim motus à C <lb></lb>in G; & à G in revera æqualis ſint, inæquales tamen nobis appa<lb></lb>rent ; nempe dum terra decurrit arcum CG, quadratum ſcilicet ſui <lb></lb>Orbis, videtur nobis decurriſſo arcum CN minorem quadrante; & dum <lb></lb>decurrit GE æqualem CH, videtur nobis decurrere arcum NF majo<lb></lb>rem, perinde quippe eſt, ſive terram in G aſpicias ex A, ſive ex G Solem <lb></lb>in A ſpectes; vt ſcilicet illum videas in puncto Eclypticæ, oppoſito, <lb></lb>puncto G. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000975"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000976"> Sed vndo Apogæi motus, iſque in conſequentia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000977"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000978"> Fac terram ex C, peracto ſemicirculo nondum ad Perigæum <lb></lb>perveniſſe, nec peracto orbe integro ad Apogæum ; inde neceſſariò ſe<lb></lb>quitur, Apogæum promoveri in conſequentia, ſcilicet à G versùs H ; in <lb></lb>antecedentia autem moveretur, ſi terra ad Apogæum reditet nondum <lb></lb>peracto orbe integro. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000979"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000980"> Omitte, quæſo hæc enim faciliora ſunt, quàm vt longio<lb></lb>rem explicationem poſtulent; ſed vnde quæſo orbis annuus centri; vnde <lb></lb>diurnus orbis, itemque annuus illi oppoſitus? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000981"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000982"> Neque in hoc multùm laboro; ſi enim ſupponas terræ globum <lb></lb>ita demiſſum fuiſſe ex ſublimi, ad acquiren dum illum velocitatis gradum, <lb></lb>qui neceſſarius ſit, vt vna pars globi fortè præponderans, ante aliàs de<lb></lb>ſcenderit, vnde motus quidam mixtus ſequatur, ex motu orbis & cen<lb></lb>tri; ſi hoc ſupponas, inquam, vbi dictus globus ad diſtantiam mediam <lb></lb>pervenit, illico motu circulari moveri cœpit in eam partem, in quam <lb></lb>motus Orbis prævius illum determinat; analogiam habes in globo vel <lb></lb>diſco, qui deorſum præfato modo dimiſſus deſcendit; vbi enim planum <lb></lb>horizontale attingit, in eo movetur, ſeu rotatur, priore determinatione <lb></lb>durante. </s> <s id="s.000983">v. g. ſit globus BCDE, (<emph type="italics"></emph>in Figura <expan abbr="ſeq.">ſeque</expan><emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) centro A ita demiſſus <lb></lb>per lineam perpendicularem AH, vt centrum quidem A rectam deſcri<lb></lb>bat; aliæ verò partes etiam moveantur circa A, v.g. B in C, D, E, vbi <lb></lb>globus attinget planum horizontale KL, in H, vi prioris determina<lb></lb>tionis, ſeu motus Orbis, F tendet in GH, I, vnde rotabitur globus in <lb></lb>dicto plano versùs K. </s> <s id="s.000984">Idem dicendum de globo terræ tali modo de<lb></lb>miſſo, cujus centrum movetur motu æquabili in Plano Eclipticæ cum <lb></lb>eo velocitatis gradu, quem in primo illo deſcenſu acquiſivit, qui <lb></lb>deinde ſemper intactus manet; pari modo motus Orbis etiam durat, <lb></lb>cùm eadem ſit pro vtroque motu ratio, vt videre eſt in prædicto <lb></lb>globo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000985"><emph type="italics"></emph>Choyſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000986"> Sed cur circa talem axem potiùs quàm circa alium? </s> <s id="s.000987">deinde <lb></lb>cur libratur prædictus axis? </s> <s id="s.000988">denique cur omnes circuli diurni Æquatori <lb></lb>ſunt paralleli? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000989"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000990"> Niſi orationem meam interrupiſſes, hæc continuò æquè facilè <lb></lb>explicabam; Suppono terræ globum vel magnum Magnetem eſſe, vel ſal<lb></lb>tem magnetica virtute inſtructum, vnde neceſſe ſit, duos polos magneticos <lb></lb>ineſſe, & axem ad vtremque polum terminatum, quem etiam ſibi ipſi ſem-<pb pagenum="87" xlink:href="025/01/091.jpg"></pb>per eſſe parallelum oportet; igitur circa hunc, dumtaxat <expan abbr="axẽ">axem</expan> terreſtris glo<lb></lb>bus volvitur; alioquin ſi circa <expan abbr="aliũ">alium</expan> ille ſibi ipſi parallelus non ſemper eſſet. <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.091.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/091/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Ex hoc codem axis paralleliſmo, ſequitur præfata ejuſdem globi inclina<lb></lb>tio, qua fit, vt idem globi punctum modò ſupra Eclipticæ planum attolla<lb></lb>tur, modò infra deprimatur; vnde Æquinoctia, Solſtitia & quatuor anni <lb></lb>tempeſtates neceſſario conſequuntur; nempe, vt jam monui, ſupra, ille mo<lb></lb>tus annuus orbis eſt tantùm apparens, & ex præfato axis, circa quem fit mo<lb></lb>tus diurnus, paralleliſmo reſultat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000991"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000992"> Omnia probè intelligo; reſtat, vt cauſam afferas Solaris re<lb></lb>volutionis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000993"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000994"> Pro hac nihil occurrit in hac hypotheſi, quod ſolidum ſit, niſi <lb></lb>fortè dicamus. </s> <s id="s.000995">Solarem globum vi motrice pollere; non ſanè quòd vivat, <lb></lb>hoc enim abſurdum puto; ſed quòd ea vi pollere poſſit, qua etiam vilia no<lb></lb>ſtra elementa pollent; ac proinde cùm jus finis ſit ſuo calore & luce alia <lb></lb>corpora perfundere, mirum non eſſe, ſi quaſi ab aliis globis inuitatus ſeu <lb></lb>determinatus, circa ſuum centrum immobile volvatur, vt ſaltem illam po<lb></lb>tentiam quæ ineſt, exerceat; alioquin per totum æternitatem hæc fruſtra <lb></lb>eſſet, quod dixerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000996"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.000997"> Beaſti me, Antime; jam facile ad alios Planetas adductas à <lb></lb>te rationes traducam. </s> <s id="s.000998">hoc vnum præ cæteris mihi moleſtum erat, quòd <lb></lb>in noſtra hypotheſi, omnia ferè aratis dici atque adduci crederem; <lb></lb>huic ſanè incommodo abundè occurriſti, cùm omnia, ni fallor attigeris, <pb pagenum="88" xlink:href="025/01/092.jpg"></pb>nec enim mutationem obliquitatis Eclipticæ admittendam eſſe putarem, <lb></lb>præceſſionem Æquinoctiorum lentiſſimus ille ſtellarum motus ſatis ex<lb></lb>plicat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.000999"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001000"> Ingenuitati meæ, opinor, tribues, quòd tibi ea ſuggeſſerim, <lb></lb>quibus moleſtum illud, vt ais, argumentum refellere valeas. </s> <s id="s.001001">Vnum tibi <lb></lb>perſuadeas velim, cuncta hæc non obeſſe quidem veſtræ hypotheſi, ſed non <lb></lb>prodeſſe; ſicuti noſtræ nec obſunt, nec proſunt; de obliquitatis Eclipticæ <lb></lb>mutatione, idem tecum ſentio; præceſſionetis Æquinoctiorum rectè omni<lb></lb>no explicas per lentiſſimum illum fixarum motum; nec in tua hypotheſi <lb></lb>alius modus eſſe videtur; Licet enim Copernicus, Keplerus, aliíque ex veſtris <lb></lb>velint fixarum motum non eſſe realem, ſed apparentem, eo quòd, inquiunt, <lb></lb>Æquinoctialia puncta tantulùm adducantur versùs occaſum, ſcilicet in an<lb></lb>tecedentia, quia libratio terreſtri globi citiùs abſolvitur, quàm motus in <lb></lb>Zodiaco, hoc tamen, in eo ſaltem iudicio, non ſubſiſtit, nempe prædicta li<lb></lb>bratio, vt ſic loquar, oritur ex motu orbis integro, circa axem axi Eclipticæ <lb></lb>parallelum, ſeu ex paralleliſmo axis terræ, circa quem orbes diurni erunt; <lb></lb>hoc autem in iiſdem punctis Eclipticæ Æquinoctialia puncta eſſe ſuppo<lb></lb>nit, ſed hæc ad rem noſtram nihil faciunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001002"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001003"> Expecta tantulùm, Antime, hic enim ſtellarum motus <lb></lb>in tua hypotheſi difficilè, ſaltem, vt audio, explicatur; vnde for<lb></lb>tè meam vel hoc nomine, tuæ quiſpiam præferendam eſſe putaret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001004"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001005"> Longè faciliùs, Auguſtine, ſtellarum motus, quàm Planeta<lb></lb>rum, in qualibet hypotheſi explicatur pro quo ſuppono 1. fixum æter<lb></lb>numque eſſe Naturæ inſtitutum, vt ſtellæ omnes eundem inter ſe ordinem <lb></lb>& ſitum ſervent. </s> <s id="s.001006">2. Nunquam mutari illarum latitudinem: His poſitis, <lb></lb>cogita ſtellam quampiam in ipſa Ecliptica, cogita etiam circulum quem<lb></lb>libet immobilem, puta meridiànum, in quo ſtella, primùm ſita ſit, co<lb></lb>gita denique ipſam Eclipticam, circa Axem mundi, ſuum <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> abſolvere, <lb></lb>ita vt idem punctum, quod erat in dicto meridiano ad illum redeat, orbe <lb></lb>peracto ab ortu, in occaſum 24.horis. </s> <s id="s.001007">Iam cogita ſtellam illam ſimul cum <lb></lb>Ecliptica ab ortu in occaſum ferri, & circumduci, & paulo tardiùs, vt eo <lb></lb>momento, quo dictum punctú Eclipticæ, in quo erat, attingit meridianum, <lb></lb>ipſa tantulùm versùs ortum remaneat, non quidem extra Eclipticam, <lb></lb>ſed in ipſamet Ecliptica: nec enim perfectum orbem deſcribit, ſed <lb></lb>talem ſpiram, vt ſemper Ecliptice reſpondeat; aliæ verò, quæ ſunt extra Ecli<lb></lb>pticam, eandem ſemper ab illa diſtantiam retineant, vnde præter circularé <lb></lb>motum, altera ſaltem inclinatioue opus eſt, cujus terminus ſit æquator, <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> <lb></lb>Ecliptica; ita tamen moventur, vt ſemper eandem ab Ecliptica diſtantiam <lb></lb>retineant: inde præceſſio Æquinoctiorum facilè explicatur, quæ tamen <lb></lb>ex eo explicari non poteſt, quod Sol in diverſis punctis Æquatorem ſecet; <lb></lb>quia cum Sol ſemper Eclipticæ inſiſtat, licèt versùs occaſum ſectio Ecli<lb></lb>pticæ cum Æquatore, ipſo Æquinoctij momento ſingulis, annis promo<lb></lb>veatur, non tamen ex hoc ſequitur Æquinoctiorum præceſſio, ne<lb></lb>que propterea ſtella quæpiam ab Æquinoctij puncto versùs Ortum remove-<pb pagenum="89" xlink:href="025/01/093.jpg"></pb>tur vt non nemo perperam exiſtitet, ſed ideò fit Æquinoctiorum præ<lb></lb>ceſſio, quod Stellæ ſingulis diebus & annis, tantulùm versùs Ortum qua<lb></lb>ſi retroagantur, id eſt, non omnino diurnum orbem conficiant plenis 24. <lb></lb>horis. </s> <s id="s.001008">Illum autem inclinationis motum lentiſſimum eſſe oportet; quod <lb></lb>fortè propter maximam diſtantiam accidit; ſeu veriùs propter velociſſi<lb></lb>mum circularen motum, qui nihil ferè. </s> <s id="s.001009">prædictæ inclinationi relictum <lb></lb>ſinit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001010"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001011"> Sed quæſo te, Antime, ad alias rationes, ſi quæ tibi reſtant, <lb></lb>orationem converte, ne huc totam Aſtronomiam accerſere videaris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001012"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001013"> In Venere, Mercurio, & Marte, illud præſertim Copernicanæ <lb></lb>hypotheſi repugnare ſupra dictum eſt, quòd Venus in Perigæo quinqua<lb></lb>gecuplo, Mercurius nonecuplo, Mars octogecuplo, majores videri debe<lb></lb>rent; quod tamen: vt dixi, meis obſervationibus repugnat in Iove, qui ſe<lb></lb>quitur, aliquid etiam invenio; vnde tua hypotheſis, Auguſtine, impugne<lb></lb>tur: Iovem igitur, vt fortè putabas, ita propitium non habes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001014"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001015"> Immò nobis præ cæteris favet, cum ſuis aſtris medicæis quæ <lb></lb>totidem Lunæ circa Iovem erunt, vt Luna circa terram, Venus & Mercu<lb></lb>rius circa Solem, & circa Saturnum Satellites. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001016"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001017"> Non ita profectò res ſe habet, vt jam intelligere debuiſſes ex <lb></lb>opuſculo Diviniano, adverſus Chriſtiani Hugenij viri ſane doctiſſimi aſ<lb></lb>ſertionem; primò enim accipiamus vnam ex præfatis Iovialibus Lunis; <lb></lb>codem prorſus modo circa Iovem ſuum circulum agit, quo Luna circa <lb></lb>terram mobilem, in tua ſcilicet hypotheſi ; ac proinde ſi accipia arcum <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.093.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/093/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>HI, ſimilem illi, quem Iupiter de<lb></lb>currit, eo tempore, quo quæpiam <lb></lb>ex Lunis Iovialibus ſuum circulum <lb></lb>abſolvit, hæc haud dubiè deſcribet <lb></lb>reali motu, ab vno Perigæo ad aliud, <lb></lb>lineam ſimilem HGI, eodemque <lb></lb>motus genere; igitur longè; tardiùs <lb></lb>in H, quàm in G, reali ſcilicet mo<lb></lb>tu, idque in ea inæqualitatis pro<lb></lb>portione, quæ aſſignabili qualibet <lb></lb>minor erit, quod videtur abſurdiſſi<lb></lb>mum, & jam ſupra demonſtratum <lb></lb>eſt; neque hic repeto, cùm ſit ea<lb></lb>dem vtrimque ratio; & ne hoc ipſum <lb></lb>paulò poſt repetere cogar, hæc ca<lb></lb>dem ratio Lunæ Saturniæ à Chri<lb></lb>ſtiano Hugenio primùm detectæ, eo<lb></lb>demque modo contra tuam hypo<lb></lb>theſim applicatur. </s> <s id="s.001018">Igitur contra <lb></lb>illam ab aſtris Medicæis & Iove, immò & Luna Saturnia eadem ratio pe<lb></lb>titur, quam ſupra ex Lunæ motu deduximus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001019">Secundò, vt in præfato opuſculo <expan abbr="obſervatũ">obſervatum</expan> eſt, Stellæ Medicææ ſub Iove <pb pagenum="90" xlink:href="025/01/094.jpg"></pb>omnino ſingulis fetè diebus viderentur, præſertim cùm per zonas ſub<lb></lb>obſcuras irent; ſunt enim lucidiſſimæ, illarumque candidiſſimus color à <lb></lb>ſubobſcuro zonatum colore adhibito præſertim optimo teleſcopio, quo re<lb></lb>verà vti poſſumus, facilè diſtingueretur; nempe ſi Stellulæ à love teguntur <lb></lb>versùs Apogæum, intercepto ſcilicet Iovis diſco, inter oculum & Stellam, <lb></lb>certè in Perigæo Iovem ex aliqua parte tegent; nec quiſpiam celeriorem <lb></lb>Stellæ tranſitum cauſati debet, cùm ſub lovis diſeo, per horam ferè integram <lb></lb>manere debeat, vt in dicto opuſculo demonſtratum fuit; cùm autem ſub <lb></lb>lovis diſco nunquam dictas Stellas videre potuerimus, nanquam haud du<lb></lb>biè ſub illum deſcendunt, quod certè tuæ hypotheſi repugnat, vt nemo <lb></lb>negat; nec ſalli potuimus in obſervando, quaſi Conjunctionem Stellæ in <lb></lb>Apogæo, à <expan abbr="Cõjunctione">Conjunctione</expan> ejuſdem in Perigæo, non rectè diſtinxerimus, nam <lb></lb>diſtinctu facilè fuit; illa enim Conjunctio fit in Perigæo, quæ maximam di<lb></lb>greſſionem Ortivam ſequitur, vt in Venere & Mercurio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001020">Tertiò cùm Iupiter lumen ſuum à Sole habeat, vt Mars, Venus, aliique <lb></lb>Planetæ, Stella Medicæa ſaltem vicinior vmbram in Iovis diſcum projice<lb></lb>ret, quod negati non poteſt ab vllo, qui rem hanc intelligat; nunquam au<lb></lb>tem vmbram illam videre potuimus, quamvis Stella circa Perigæum eſſet; <lb></lb>Igitur Stellæ illæ ſub Iovem minimè deſcendunt; quod certè tuæ hypo<lb></lb>theſi non favet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001021">Quartò adhibito etiam longiſſimo teleſcopio Stellas Medicæas ſplen<lb></lb>dentes ſemper micanteſque fixatum ad inſtar, non verò tornatas in diſcum, <lb></lb>vt reliquos Planetas aſpicimus; vnde, ni fallor, deduco, ipſo Iove longè al<lb></lb>tiores eſſe, quod periti Optices, opinor, minimè negabunt: Adde his, obſer<lb></lb>vationes non reſpondere calculis factis in orbe, vel Epicyclo. </s> <s id="s.001022">Ex his, ni fal<lb></lb>lor, non leve contra tuam hypotheſim ducitur argumentum; ac proinde, <lb></lb>vt ante dicebas, Iupiter non adeò vobis propitius eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001023"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001024"> In tua verò hypotheſi quonam pacto Stellarum Medicæarum <lb></lb>motum explices, non intelligo, vt deſcenſum illarum ſub Iovem ſalves; quid <lb></lb>enim aliud de iis dicere potes, niſi illud ipſum quod de Venere & Mercurio <lb></lb>ſupra dixiſt? </s> <s id="s.001025">Atqui Venus & Mercurius ſub Solis diſcum deſcendunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001026"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001027"> Si ex obſervationibus haberemus, Stellas illas ſub Iovis diſcum <lb></lb>deſcendere, æquè facilè illarum motum <expan abbr="explicarẽ">explicarem</expan>, ac ſupra Veneris & Mer<lb></lb>curij motum explicui; ſed quandoquidem infra Iovem non deſcendunt, non <lb></lb>minùs facilè illarum motum explicamus, aſſumpta illarum mediocri di<lb></lb>ſtantia ſupra Iovem, ita vt in mediocri diſtantia æquè citò ac Iupiter orbem <lb></lb>ſuum diurnum, infra verò illam citiùs, ſupra demum tardiùs abſolvant, & <lb></lb>periodus acceſſuum & receſſuum, quibus Stella redit ad Apogæum, intra <lb></lb>idem tempus perficiatur, quo ſuum orbem quælibet Stella decurrere com<lb></lb>muniter dicitur; ſed quia in dicto opuſculo hæc ſatis inſinuata fuerunt, ne <lb></lb>huc eadem traducam, eò vos remitto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001028"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001029"> Nihil, opinor, amplius reſtat, quod contra meam hypotheſim <lb></lb>afferre poſſis; jam enim Saturnus ſuam Lunam tibi ſuppeditavit, cujus <lb></lb>ſaltem intentares. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001030"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001031"> Aliud quidpiam eſt, quod tibi fortè novum videbitur: Annulus <pb pagenum="91" xlink:href="025/01/095.jpg"></pb>ille Saturnius à Chriſtiano Hugenio viro clariſſimo & omnigena literatura <lb></lb>probè inſtructo, ingeniosè profectò excogitatus, & quem veſtris mirum in <lb></lb>modum placuiſſe intelligo; ſi fortè verus eſſet, quod ſanè maximè percu<lb></lb>pio, veſtræ hypotheſi vltimam fetè ruinam afferret; cùm enim præfatus an<lb></lb>nulus plano Æquatoris ſemper parallelus ſit, haud dubiè non movetur per <lb></lb>Eclipticam, alioquin ſitum acciperet, in quo Eclipticæ plano parallelus eſ<lb></lb>ſet; eo quippe motu movetur, quo faciliùs moveri poteſt, iuxta regulam ex <lb></lb>doctrina motuum aſſumptam, de qua jam ſupra. </s> <s id="s.001032">Et verò nemo non videt, <lb></lb>annulum planum longè faciliùs moveri, & cum minore medij reſiſtentia, ſi <lb></lb>in plano annuli, ſit ipſa linea motus; igitur cùm illud planum annuli Æqua<lb></lb>toris plano parallelum ſemper ſit, haud dubiè in eo circulo movetur, cujus <lb></lb>planum Æquatoris plano parallelum eſt; igitur in parallelo diurno, iuxta <lb></lb>noſtram hypotheſim, licèt enim ſpiræ planum tantulùm ab Æquatoris pla<lb></lb>no declinet, hoc tamen ſub ſenſum non cadit: Hæc ratio ſingularis eſt; quia <lb></lb>præfatus annulus eſt etiam valdè ſingularis, & ante Hugenium incompertus <lb></lb>orbi, faxit Deus, vt ex futuris obſervationibus Saturno præſertim circa <lb></lb>Æquatorem exiſtente, ita luce nova confirmetur, vt de illo nullus vltra du<lb></lb>bitare poſſit; quod maximoperè, vt dixi, percupio, cùm in noſtram hypo<lb></lb>theſim mirificè Quadret; & hæc ſunt, quæ contra tuam hypotheſim, Augu<lb></lb>ſtine dicenda mihi occurrunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001033"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001034"> Addere poteras perſpicua Scripturæ loca, ex quibus conſtat <lb></lb>terram ſtare & Solem moveri iuxta literalem illorum ſenſum, qui profecto <lb></lb>retinendus eſt, ſi abſque abſurdo retineri queat; adde Sanctorum Patrum <lb></lb>auctoritatem, quæ certe maximi momenti eſt, pro definiendo legitimo San<lb></lb>ctæ Scripturæ ſenſu; ex his enim ſequitur perſpicua mens Eccleſiæ, quæ <lb></lb>S.Scripturæ ſenſum ex Sanctis Patribus ſemper eruit; denique cùm divina <lb></lb>potentia in ſacro textu laudati velit, & magni fieri, ex celerrimo illo motu, <lb></lb>quo aſtra cientur, quis hanc illi laudem jure detrahat? </s> <s id="s.001035">nemo certe, illorum <lb></lb>præſertim, qui ſacram Scripturam admittunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001036"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001037"> Licèt manus omnino dare nequeam, negati tamen à me non <lb></lb>poteſt, quin aliquid ſaltem plauſus noſtræ hypotheſi ſubduxeris, & in tuam <lb></lb>traduxeris; ſed de hac re ſatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001038"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001039"> Optimè mones; quate hic ſuſtinendum eſſe iudico, ne nimia <lb></lb>fortè huius congreſſus prolixitas nobiliſſimæ coronæ tædium affetat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001040"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001041"> Prudentiſſimè judicaſti; quare hoc vnum reſtat, vt primo <lb></lb>congreſſui diem indicamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001042"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001043"> Poſt triduum, niſi vobis ſit incommodum; Sed quodnam erit <lb></lb>diſputationis argumentum? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001044"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001045"> Meam ſententiam, ſeu veriùs hypotheſim de Marino æſtu, vobis <lb></lb>exponam; interim conſulite tabulas Nauticas, vt inde vobis ſuppetat, quod <lb></lb>mihi opponatis. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="92" xlink:href="025/01/096.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.096.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/096/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001046"><emph type="center"></emph>DIALOGVS TERTIVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001047"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>In quo, nova & vera cauſa Marini æſtus declaratur <lb></lb>& demonstratur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001048">REM magnam aggredior, Princeps Eminentiſſime, adeó<lb></lb>que difficilem, vt Philoſophorum maximi, Stagiritæ ſui <lb></lb>principis miſerando caſu & naufragio territi, inſuperabilé <lb></lb>illam & Mortalium ingenio inacceſſam publicis monu<lb></lb>mentis in lucem editis declararint. </s> <s id="s.001049">Vnde factum eſſe, <lb></lb>reor, vt quique illorum prudentiſſimi hunc ſcopulum <lb></lb>cautè prætergreſſi, vix extremo indice illum indicarint; cùm tamen alij <lb></lb>certè incauti ad illum propiùs acceſſerint, ibique tanquam in ridicula ſce<lb></lb>na, theſes ſuas communi ſapientum ludibrio expoſuerint. </s> <s id="s.001050">Et verò vix ea <lb></lb>in ſomniantis animum caderent, quæ ipſi excogitarunt, ad cauſam Ma<lb></lb>rini æſtus explicandam; ſunt qui Soli, alij Terræ, neutri quidam præfa<lb></lb>tam cauſam attribuunt: in Luna multiplicem virtutem, ſeu vim alij agno<lb></lb>ſcunt; magneticam, qua ſcilicet a quas adducit atque attollit; humefacti<lb></lb>vam, cùm ſit humoris vehiculum, quo humida corpora variè afficiuntur, <lb></lb>pro diverſo Lunæ aſpectu; compreſſivam, rarefactivam &c. </s> <s id="s.001051">Sed in Ple<lb></lb>nilunio, de Meridie, Luna in puncto oppoſito exiſtens, qua vi, amabo, <lb></lb>ciet æſtum? </s> <s id="s.001052">Qui ad Solem confugiunt, dicere nequeunt, quid Sol præſtet, <lb></lb>cum bis ſingulis menſibus in Novilunio ſcilicet & Plenilunio æſtum <lb></lb>in media nocte, abſente Sole habeamus. </s> <s id="s.001053">Vapores tepidos accerſunt aliqui; <lb></lb>ſed vnde, à quo excitati? </s> <s id="s.001054">Quid iis cum Luna, cuius motum Marinus æſtus <lb></lb>æmulatur? </s> <s id="s.001055">Vapores demum aquam in bullas attollunt, non verò in tu<lb></lb>morem; & quid nitrum ad hoc conferat, divinare, niſi fingam, profectò <lb></lb>non poſſum; Terræ motum inæqualem, cui aliqui tribuunt æſtum, iam <lb></lb>ſupra rejecimus; item aëris compreſſionem à præterlabente Luna æquè <lb></lb>facilè explodimus; quia Luna in Meridiano exiſtente, ibi compreſſionis <lb></lb>maxima vis eſſet; nullus igitur æſtus. </s> <s id="s.001056">Omitto alia figmenta potiùs quàm <lb></lb>argumenta, & ex communibus principiis rem iſtam ita definio, vt ex iis, <lb></lb>etiam ab ignaro æſtus Marini, immò qui nequidem Oceanum eſſe ſciat, <lb></lb>illi omnes effectus, qui ſenſibus noſtris & obſervationibus ſubjiciuntur, <lb></lb>deduci poſſint: id ſaltem erit operæ pretium, quod hanc hypotheſim <lb></lb>meam cenſuræ tuæ ſubjectam, vel inde nobiliſſimo & doctiſſimo calculo <lb></lb>probatam, vel juſto, à quo abſque temeritatis nota, nemo appellarit, <lb></lb>judicio reprobatam eſſe, non ſine voluptate intelligam: ſed ad rem ve<lb></lb>niamus. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="93" xlink:href="025/01/097.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001057"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001058"> Multa ſanè, ac ferè omnia in memoriam revocavi, vt facilè <lb></lb>mihi perſuadeo, quæ pro adſtruenda Marini æſtus cauſa, dicturus eſtes; <lb></lb>ſed nihil occurrit profectò, quod iam ab aliis dictum, ſeu fictum non fuerit: <lb></lb>nempe, vt vel inde initium diſſertationis ducamus, negari non poteſt, quin <lb></lb>Lunaris globus in hac ſcena ſuas, eaſque præcipuas partes agat; quid por<lb></lb>rò Luna præſtare queat, quod jam excogitatum, ſeu fictum non ſit, immò <lb></lb>& rejectum? </s> <s id="s.001059">intumeſcit aqua in æſtu, quod nemo peritus negare auſit; <lb></lb>cùm tantus ſit in quibuſdam oris aquarum tumor, vt ad quinquaginta pe<lb></lb>dum altitudinem facilè aſcendat; quibus porrò organis, ſeu trochleis, <lb></lb>& qua vi Luna hunc aquis motum imprimat, præſertim, cùm abſente <lb></lb>Luna aqua etiam per æſtum intumeſcat, conjicere non poſſum. </s> <s id="s.001060">Video, <lb></lb>Lunam Marini æſtus cauſam eſſe, cùm ex diverſa Lunæ applicatione, im<lb></lb>mò & aſpectu, diverſis æſtus conſequatur; quonam verò pacto, id Luna <lb></lb>præſtet, nec video, nec alij profectò vident. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001061"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc vna potiſſimùm ex iis rebus cenſenda eſt, quas Deus <lb></lb>occultas & ignotas Mortalibus eſſe voluit; ita vt ingeniosè iuxta atque <lb></lb>ſapienter ille recentior dixerit, Marinum æſtum humanæ curioſitatis nau<lb></lb>fragium eſſe; ſed quid tandem tu, Antime? </s> <s id="s.001062">Modicam Auguſtinus de te <lb></lb>ſpem habere videtur, quaſi ſuper hac re nihil novi afferre valeas; ego ve<lb></lb>ro te adeò imprudentem eſſe, non puto, vt fidem tuam fruſtra & in caſſum <lb></lb>oppigneratis, vt antiquum, de quo jam ſupra, adagium in ſcenam revoces; <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>parturient montes, naſcetur ridiculus mus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001063"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001064"> Parum quidem admodùm mihi arrogo; ſpero tamen, aliquid <lb></lb>me adducturum, idque ex communibus principiis, quod ſi fortè non mul<lb></lb>tis, nonnullis tamen arrideat: Concedo igitur. </s> <s id="s.001065">Auguſtine, id quod paulò <lb></lb>ante dicebas, Lunam ſcilicet in hoc negotio ſuas agere partes, nempe ſunt <lb></lb>quaſi tres Marini æſtus periodi, diurna ſcilicet, menſtrua, annua; ſingulis <lb></lb>ferè diebus bis accedit, & affluit æſtus, bis recurrit; dico ferè, quia hic ge<lb></lb>minus curſus & recurſus non 24. ſed 25. horis, paulò minùs perficitur, ſci<lb></lb>licet ad Lunæ motum; nempe Luna, vt redeat ad idem Meridiani pun<lb></lb>ctum, quaſi 25. horas ponit; igitur ſingulis diebus vna ferè hora tardior <lb></lb>æſtus tumet, v.g. ſi hodie hora Meridiana fuit ſummum æſtus, craſtina die <lb></lb>erit ferè prima poſt Meridiem hora: die verò ſequenti, hora poſt Meri<lb></lb>diem ſecunda; atque ita conſequenter. </s> <s id="s.001066">Hic porrò Lunæ motus eſt; altera <lb></lb>periodus eſt menſtrua; nempe pro diverſo Lunæ aſpectu, æſtus major, vel <lb></lb>minor eſt; v. g. in Plenilunio major eſt, quàm in Novilunio, & in hoc <lb></lb>major quàm in Quadraturis, cùm igitur ex Lunæ motu & aſpectu tota il<lb></lb>la æſtuum varietas procedat, negari non poteſt, quin à Luna pendeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001067">Tertia demum periodus eſt annua, nam obſervatum fuit in Æquinoctiis <lb></lb>& Solſtitiis, non modicam fieri mutationem æſtuum præſertim in Æqui<lb></lb>noctiis, ita vt in Æquinoctio, v.g. Autumnali cum Plenilunio conjuncto, <lb></lb>ſemper ſit maximus æſtus, in quo etiam Luna ſuo munere defungitur; ſi <lb></lb>enim fiat Æquinoctium in Quadratura, modicus æſtus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001068"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001069"> Lunam, cauſam eſſe fateor vltrò; ſi autem cauſa eſt, aliquid <lb></lb>agit & confert; quid porrò illud eſt? </s> <s id="s.001070">fac age, me doceas, & eris mihi magnus <lb></lb>Apollo. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="94" xlink:href="025/01/098.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001071"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001072"> Dare non poſſum, Lunam Marini æſtus cauſam eſſe; ſi enim <lb></lb>cauſa eſt, cauſat, & aliquid præſtat: ſed nihil penitus præſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001073"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001074"> Ludis nos, Antime, Lunæ totum hunc effectum paulò ante <lb></lb>tribuebas; cur igitur modò cauſam eſſe negas? </s> <s id="s.001075">Si cauſa non eſt, ad æſtum <lb></lb>nullo modo pertinet; Solve iſtum nodum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001076"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001077"> Communi diſtinctione vtor, ad ſolvendum hunc nodum; <lb></lb>Luna ita pertinet ad Marinum æſtum, vt ſine illa hic non ſit, licèt revera <lb></lb>Luna cauſa non ſit, id eſt, tumorem illum aquæ minimè attollat, vel aquas <lb></lb>cieat; nullum enim motum aquis imprimit, nullum humorem affundit, <lb></lb>qui ſcilicet ad celſum illum tumorem ſufficiat; quomodo igitur ab illa <lb></lb>æſtus pendet? </s> <s id="s.001078">Verbo dico; Luna Marini æſtus cauſa non eſt, ſed mera Oc<lb></lb>caſio, qua reverà ſublata, æſtus non eſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001079"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001080"> Ne quæſo ludas in verbis; ſolus enim verborum ludus ad <lb></lb>res phyſicas explicandas non ſufficit; quid igitur illud eſt, quod dicis, nam <lb></lb>profectò non intelligo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001081"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001082"> Faciam intelligas, Chryſocome, ſed priùs illa principia jacien<lb></lb>da ſunt, ex quibus res iſta deducitur. </s> <s id="s.001083">Suppono igitur primò, illum eſſe fi<lb></lb>nem gravitatis, quæ gravibus ineſt, vt ſingulæ partes globi totalis versùs <lb></lb>illiùs centrum, niſu quodam communis conſpirationis tendant; quod re<lb></lb>verà neceſſarium fuit, tum ad conflandum totalem globum, tum ad eun<lb></lb>dem ſervandum; fac enim omnes partes alicujus globi totalis à ſe ipſis diſ<lb></lb>ſitas eſſe, illico communi dictæ conſpirationis vel inclinationis, versùs <lb></lb>idem centrum, vi, ſeu niſu, ſeu impetu ſeſe iterum in orbem component; <lb></lb>deinde fac partes globi totalis non contra niti vlla reſiſtentia; ſtatim mi<lb></lb>nima ferè ventorum, vel alterius impulſus vi diſſipabuntur; igitur non <lb></lb>potuit facilior modus excogitari, tum ad conflandum, tum ad ſervandum <lb></lb>globum totalem; id eſt, tum ad colligendas omnes partes, in vnum glo<lb></lb>bum; tum ad impediendum, ne à globo facilè avellantur, non potuit, in<lb></lb>quam facilior modus excogitari, quàm ſi partes ſingulæ nativa quadam vi <lb></lb>& inclinatione, versùs idem & commune centrum eant, ſeu tendant, atque <lb></lb>nitantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001084"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001085"> Illud commune eſt principium, vt gravia deorſum, levia <lb></lb>ſurſum ſua ſponte ferantur, nec enim opinor eorum ſententiam defenditis, <lb></lb>quos tacito nomine Stagirita noſter refutavit, qui ſuperum, atque inferum <lb></lb>negabant: mundi ac terræ centrum deorſum eſt; cælum verò ſurſum; hoc <lb></lb>igitur ſuperum, illud inferum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001086"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001087"> De iis ferè omnibus, quæ paucis complexus es, dubitarem, <lb></lb>de eo præſertim, quod dicis, gravia deorſum, levia ſurſum ſua ſponte ferri; <lb></lb>de gravibus vltrò concederem; nec enim illorum commentum approba<lb></lb>re poſſum, qui volunt, corpus grave à terra deorſum trahi, ſpiſſi cujuſdam <lb></lb>capillitij opera; aut certè trudi à ficta neſcio qua ſubtili materia, quæ ſen<lb></lb>ſum omnem fugit; nempe, ſi trudit illa materia, motum in ſe habet, & à <lb></lb>ſe; ſi enim ab alio, de hoc idem dicam; Satius igitur eſt dicere, corpus <lb></lb>grave à ſe moveri, ac deorſum ire, quod ſcilicet videmus atque palpamus, <lb></lb>quàm trudi ab illa ſubtili materia, mota à ſe ipſa, quàm nullo tactu, nullo <pb pagenum="95" xlink:href="025/01/099.jpg"></pb>ſenſu percipimus; is profectò, magis ridiculus non eſſet, qui diceret, <lb></lb>corpus grave deorſum trudi ab Angelo, quod tamen nulla ratione, nullo<lb></lb>que experimento probari poteſt, quàm ij, qui dicunt, ab ea ſubtili materia <lb></lb>trudi, cùm nulla ratione, & nullo experimento id probare poſſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001088"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001089"> Rectè omnino; neque id ab vllo cordato viro negari poteſt, <lb></lb>gravia ſcilicet ſponte ſua deorſum ire. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001090"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001091"> Sed non item levia, quæ ideò ſurſum eunt, quia ſurſum à <lb></lb>graviore medio extruduntur; Supponamus enim corpus aliquod levius <lb></lb>graviori ſubeſſe; vel gravius <expan abbr="tãtùm">tantùm</expan> ſua ſponte deorſum ibit & ſurſum levius <lb></lb>extrudet; vel tantùm hoc ſua ſponte ſurſum aſcendet, ac deorſum ex<lb></lb>trudet gravius; vel ſimul vtrumque ſua ſponte ibit; quod levius tantùm <lb></lb>nemo dixerit, & manifeſtæ convinci poſſet falſitatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001092"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001093"> Scio neminem eſſe, qui hoc dicat; ſed quæſo te, fac, aliquem <lb></lb>eſſe; quomodò illum convinceres; dic mihi ſodes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001094"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001095"> In hunc modum; eo modo, quo ſurſum extruditur corpus <lb></lb>leve à gravi, aër v.g. ab aqua, cui ſubeſt, corpus grave deorſum detrude<lb></lb>retur à levi, aqua, v. g. ab aëre, qui aquæ ſubeſſet: ſit ergo globus plum<lb></lb>beus in aëre, ideò deſcendit, quia aër, qui ſubeſt, ſua ſponte aſcendens, <lb></lb>illum deorſum extrudit; ille autem Cylindrus aëris in globum levitat; ita <lb></lb>mihi loqui fas ſit, qui à globo ad terram vſque extenditur, vt patet; nec <lb></lb>enim is, qui eſt ſupra globum in illum levitat, ſed potiùs gravitaret; corpus <lb></lb>enim gravitat deorſum, ſurſum verò levitat; igitur ſi prædictus Cylin<lb></lb>drus aëris primò ſit pedalis, ac deinde bipedalis, cùm tota vis gravitatio<lb></lb>nis, ſeu detruſionis deorſum ſit ab aëre, qui eſt infra globum, & in eum le<lb></lb>vitat; erit dupla vis detruſionis, ſeu gravitationis, quando aëris Cylin<lb></lb>drus plumbeo globo ſubjectus erit duplus; dupla enim cauſa duplum effe<lb></lb>ctum producit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001096"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001097"> Id quod dicis ex hoc experimento probari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001098">Sit v. g. <lb></lb>Scyphus vacuus ſecundum perpendiculum in aquam immerſus, ore præ<lb></lb>vio, ita vt nihil prorſus aëris ante in Scypho contenti avolare poſſit; <lb></lb>haud dubiè, quo profundiùs immergitur, major vis ſurſum illum extru<lb></lb>dens ipſo tactu ſentitur; nempe totus aquæ ſuperpoſitæ, Cylindrus cujus <lb></lb>baſis ori vaſis, ſeu Scyphi circiter æqualis eſt, in aëra Scypho conten<lb></lb>tam gravitat, magis autem, Cylindrus altior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001099"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001100"> Igitur ſi prædictus Scyphus ita immergatur, vt primum <lb></lb>vno palmo à ſuprema ſuperficie aqua diſtet, ac deinde profundiùs im<lb></lb>mergatur, ita vt diſtet ab eadem ſuperficie duobus palmis, dupla tunc erit <lb></lb>vis gravitationis ; quia duplæ cauſæ duplus effectus eſt: igitur cùm ſit eadem <lb></lb>ratio, duplus Cylindrus aëris ſubjecti globo duplam vim motus in illum <lb></lb>execet, ſcilicet levitationis, quod tamen falſum eſſe conſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001101"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001102"> Non dico duplam vim motus, ſed tantùm dico majorem vim, <lb></lb>quod certè ad tuum propoſitum ſatis eſſe puto; cùm prædicti globi pon<lb></lb>dus idem ſit, eademque vis illa, qua deorſum fertur, ſive vnum, ſive duos <lb></lb>palmos altus à terra pendatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001103"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001104"> Non dicis duplam vim motus? </s> <s id="s.001105">dupla cauſa duplum effe-<pb pagenum="96" xlink:href="025/01/100.jpg"></pb>ctum producit, cùm eadem ſit cauſarum & effectuum proportio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001106"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001107"> Non nego, duplum eſſe effectum, ſed nego, duplam eſſe vim <lb></lb>morus, id eſt motum duplum, ſeu duplo velociorem, & ne diutiùs te ſu<lb></lb>ſpenſum habeam, ſimili ferè experimento rem iſtam explico: Sit vas quod<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.100.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/100/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>libet AB; ſitque inſerta fiſtula in B, per quam, <lb></lb>ſi aperiatur, effluat aqua priùs infuſa; & primò <lb></lb>quidem aqua occupet totam altitudinem AB, <lb></lb>Tum deinde ſubduplum BE, non eſt dubium, <lb></lb>quin Cylindrus BA extrudat aquam per fiſtulam <lb></lb>BC, majore vi, quàm Cylindrus EB; non ta<lb></lb>men duplo majore, licèt Cylindrus BA fit du<lb></lb>plus Cylindri BE; ſi enim dupla eſſet vis motus, <lb></lb>id eſt motus ille, quo per fiſtulam aqua erumpit, <lb></lb>duplo velocior, duplæ cauſæ, quadruplus eſſet ef<lb></lb>fectus; nam ſi motus eſt duplo velocior, eo tem<lb></lb>pore, quo data quantitas aquæ v.g. vncia effluit, <lb></lb>extruſa à Cylindro BE, effluent duæ vnciæ ex<lb></lb>truſæ à Cylindro BA; ſed extrudere duas vncias, <lb></lb>duplo motu, eſt quadruplus effectus: nempe extrudere vnam duplo motu <lb></lb>eſt effectus duplus, ergo extrudere duas, duplo motu, eſt quadruplus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001108"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001109"> Rem capio, igitur ad effectum quadruplum, opus eſt cauſa qua<lb></lb>drupla; igitur Cylindrus BA producet duplam vim motus, comparatus <lb></lb>cum Cylindro AF ſub quadruplo. </s> <s id="s.001110">Et verò licèt in majore ſaxo aliqua cau<lb></lb>ſa motrix eundem morum producat, quem in minore, non propterea æqua<lb></lb>lis effectus dicendus eſt; vt patet: Vnde minùs cautè duplum illum dixe<lb></lb>ram motum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001111"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001112"> Effectus igitur ſunt vt cauſæ, cauſæ vt altitudines, motus in ſub<lb></lb>duplicata altitudinum, effectus demum in compoſita motuum & quanti<lb></lb>tatum; & quia motus ſunt vt quantitates, effectus ſunt in duplicata mo<lb></lb>tuum, vel quantitatum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001113"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001114"> Mihi tamen gravis ſuboritur difficultas; nam in ſcypho illo im<lb></lb>merſo, vna tantùm eſt quantitas aëris; igitur non creſcit effectus ex quan<lb></lb>titate, quæ non creſcit; igitur tantùm ex motu; igitur ſi cauſa dupla eſt, <lb></lb>motus erit duplus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001115"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001116"> Acutè prorſus: facilis tamen eſt reſponſio, cùm perinde gravitet <lb></lb>Cylindrus aquæ in ſubjectum aëra, atque ſi hic ſtatim extruderetur, & alius <lb></lb>ſuccederet; ſicut Cylindrus AB primum gravitat in primam vnciam, quam <lb></lb>extrudit, ſive deinde <expan abbr="ſecundã">ſecundam</expan> extrudat, ſive non extrudat; quia ſtatim clau<lb></lb>ditur fiſtula; inde igitur vis motus extruſionis petenda eſt, quod produca<lb></lb>tur vis motus dupla, ac proinde prima vncia duplo velociore motu extru<lb></lb>datur; igitur ſubduplo tempore; igitur reliquo ſubduplo ſecunda vncia, <lb></lb>vel extrudatur eodem motu, vel extrudi poſſit, licèt non extrudatur; idem <lb></lb>dicendum de aëre immerſo ſcypho contento, in quem Cylindrus ea vi gra<lb></lb>vitat, qua illum extruderet, ſi extrudi poſſet; eadem igitur eſt vtrinque <lb></lb>ratio. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="97" xlink:href="025/01/101.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001117"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001118"> Quem porrò effectum prædicta illa gravitatio producat, non <lb></lb>video; cùm nec moveri, nec extrudi poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001119"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001120"> Manu ipſa, ſcyphum illum ne ſurſum extrudatur immerſum reti<lb></lb>nente, vim illam, impulſum illum, vel impetum, vel impreſſionem ſentimus; <lb></lb>præterquam quod vis illa gravitantis aquæ comprimit aëra ſchypho con<lb></lb>tentum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001121"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001122"> Rectè; inde petitur ratio quorumdam fontium artefacto<lb></lb>rum in quibus aër ab aqua compreſſus aliam aquam, cujus ſuperficiem <lb></lb>premit, ſurſum extrudit; ſi quis verò non aquam, ſed Mercurium ad <lb></lb>comprimendum aëra adhibeat, longè major vis preſſionis ſequetur, & <lb></lb>longè altiùs aqua extrudetur; ſed jam hæc trita ſunt; vnum tantùm obſer<lb></lb>vo; hallucinari ſcilicet illum, qui in magno vaſe in aquas, iuxta prædi<lb></lb>ctum modum immerſo, vivere ſe poſſe credidit, & profundum maris ſcru<lb></lb>tari; nempe aër in illo vaſe altè immerſo vi ſupra gravitantis aquæ ita com<lb></lb>primetur, vt ducendo halitui minimè aptus eſſet: immo ipſe aër thorace <lb></lb>contentus & abdomine, ita comprimeretur, vt muſculi ducendo aëri ſer<lb></lb>vientes, vix ad ſuam functionem habiles reſtarent; ſed quæſo reſume alia <lb></lb>capita, hoc enim tibi damus vltrò; ſcilicet corpus grave à levi deorſum non <lb></lb>detrudi, ſed ſua ſponte deſcendere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001123"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001124"> Hoc ipſum eſt, quod volo, nimirum, corpus grave tantùm ſua <lb></lb>ſponte deorſum ire, & ab eo leve ſubjectum extrudi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001125"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001126"> Licèt fatear corpus grave à levi deorſum non detrudi, ſed <lb></lb>ſponte ſua deſcendere, non tamen propterea dare cogor, à gravibus deſ<lb></lb>cendentibus, levia ſurſum extrudi, nam & gravia deorſum, ac levia ſurſum <lb></lb>ire ſua ſponte cum Ariſtotele cenſeo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001127"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001128"> Fingamus ſaltem, Chryſocome, corpus grave tantùm ſua <lb></lb>ſponte deſcendere, præciſa qualibet alia virtute, ſeu potentia, quæ <lb></lb>corpori levi inſit; quæro ex te, vtrùm aliquid diverſum ab eo, quod <lb></lb>modò apparet, in deſcenſu gravium, hoc poſito, futurum ſit, nihil pror<lb></lb>ſus, lapis enim v.g.per medium aëra deſcenderet, & ſurſum aëra extrude<lb></lb>ret, cùm aliter deſcendere non poſſit, idemque prorſus fieret, quod modò <lb></lb>fieri videmus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001129"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001130"> Eadem ratio probat, corpus leue ea vi pollere, qua ſurſum fe<lb></lb>ratur, quæ id probat, de corpore gravi; vt enim corpus grave ea pollet, vt <lb></lb>feratur in locum ſuum, versùs centrum Mundi, ita & leue, vt tendat in ſuum <lb></lb>ab eodem centro remotum, in hanc rem multos Ariſtotelis textus adducere <lb></lb>poſſem; ſed fruſtra, cùm Philoſophi mentem tibi perſpectam eſſe non du<lb></lb>bitem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001131"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001132"> Quid quæſo corpori gravi cum Mundi centro? </s> <s id="s.001133">quid ab eo <lb></lb>loco commodi refert? </s> <s id="s.001134">cur igitur illud adeò appetit? </s> <s id="s.001135">corpus verò leve, <lb></lb>quid rixæ aut diſſidij habet cum illo centro? </s> <s id="s.001136">quid ab eo ſibi timet? </s> <s id="s.001137">cur illud <lb></lb>fugit, vt infeſtum hoſtem? </s> <s id="s.001138">Præterea ſi rectè memini, Stagirita veſter lib. <lb></lb>4. de Cœlo textu 39. expreſsè dicit aëra deorſum ferri, ſi aqua vel terra <lb></lb>ſubtrahatur, non verò ſurſum, ſubtracto illo corpore, cui ſubeſt; & tamen <lb></lb>non minùs levis eſt, quàm gravis, nec minor, vt dicis, illi virtus intrin-<pb pagenum="98" xlink:href="025/01/102.jpg"></pb>ſeca ineſt, vt recedat à centro Mundi, quàm aquæ, vt ad illud accedat, <lb></lb>Denique, vt hoc vel obiter dicam, ad quem amabò finem hujuſmodi cor<lb></lb>porum lationes Natura deſtinavit, niſi ad rectam Vniverſi diſpoſitionem? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001139">quod nec ipſe Ariſtoteles vnquam negavit; atqui finis ille certò obtinetur, <lb></lb>modò graviora, quibus levia ſubſunt, deorſum eant, & partes omnes <lb></lb>versùs idem centrum, cùm fieri non poſſit, vt graviora deſcendant, niſi le<lb></lb>viora ſurſum trudantur; Quod ſpectat ad <expan abbr="Ariſtotelẽ">Ariſtotelem</expan>, in lib.de Cœlo, multa <lb></lb>profectò habet, quæ cum veritate minùs conſentiunt in iis præſertim, quæ <lb></lb>ſcripſit de motu locali; quòd enim Cœli ſint ſolidi; quòd ſtellæ nullum ha<lb></lb>beant motum, præter motum primi Mobilis, quòd Mundus ſit ab æterno, <lb></lb>quòd Cœlum ortum non habuerit, nec corrumpi poſſit; quòd cuncta, quæ <lb></lb>ortum habuerunt, ſint interitura, quòd duplo gravius duplo velociore <lb></lb>motu deſcendat, quod Deus ſit Agens neceſſarium, aliaque hujuſmodi, non <lb></lb>modò in iis Ariſtotelem non debemus ſequi, ſed eidem apertè à nobis re<lb></lb>pugnari, par eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001140"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001141"> Addo vnum, quod in re præſenti ponderandum eſt, ſcilicet, non <lb></lb>agi hoc loco, vtrùm terra ſit abſolutè ac ſimpliciter gravis, ignis verò abſo<lb></lb>lutè & ſimpliciter levis; de aqua & aëre tantùm ſermo eſt; vtrumque au<lb></lb>tem abſolutè leve eſſe Philoſophus negat lib. 4. de Cœlo text. </s> <s id="s.001142">27. ni fallor, <lb></lb>additque text. </s> <s id="s.001143">39. in ſuo loco pondus habere non levitatem; id paſſim re<lb></lb>petit aliis locis, & expreſsè fatetur, præſertim text. </s> <s id="s.001144">30.aëra gravem eſſe; <lb></lb>adde ſis, quod habet lib. 3. text. </s> <s id="s.001145">10. grave nihil aliud eſſe, quàm denſum, <lb></lb>& leve nihil aliud quàm rarum; Idem habet lib. 4. Phyſic. cap. 9. item <lb></lb>lib. 8. c. 7. & alibi paſſim. </s> <s id="s.001146">Non deſunt etiam Autores claſſici præter Ar<lb></lb>chimedem, & quotquot de Statica & innatantibus humido ſcripſerunt, <lb></lb>quorum hac in re autoritas maximi ſanè momenti eſt, vt Iavellus tract. 1. <lb></lb>in 4. de Cœlo, cap. 3. concl. 3. Cabeus Tom. 4. Meteor. Tract. 14. Ru<lb></lb>vius lib.4. de Cœlo cap. 6. quæſt. </s> <s id="s.001147">1. Bovius lib. 3. Philoſoph. p. </s> <s id="s.001148">221. & multi <lb></lb>alij, quos facilè adducerem; ſed vt jam dixi, ad rem præſentem hæc contro<lb></lb>verſia non ſpectat, ſatis enim mihi eſt, ſi aër & aqua gravia ſint, ſaltem ſe<lb></lb>cundum quid; quid quid tandem ſit de levitate poſitiva, qua levia ſua ſponte <lb></lb>ſurſum ferantur, quam vobis quæſtionem animi gratia diſputandam relin<lb></lb>quo; quantum enim ex iis, quæ hucuſque à vobis dicta ſunt, alter eam ad<lb></lb>ſtruit, alter verò deſtruit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001149"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001150"> Ita eſt, illam adſtruo, non ſanè quòd ratio à priori <lb></lb>me moveat; nullam enim eſſe, quæ hoc mihi certò perſuadeat, vl<lb></lb>tro fateor; ſed quia nonnulla ſunt experimenta, quæ id prorſus <lb></lb>evincunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001151"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001152"> Huc volo te; refer quæſo illa experimenta, iis enim, ſi ta<lb></lb>lia ſunt, & hoc ſanctè iuro, illico cedam & dabo manus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001153"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> primo quidem loco, ſit tubus vitreus, cuius altera extre<lb></lb>mitas probè obſtructa ſit, altera verò aperta, infundatur aqua, non <lb></lb>tamen vſque ad ſummum, tum admoto preſsè digito, ne aqua effluat, <lb></lb>inverſoque tubo, illa portio aëris, quæ in tubo remanſit, ſur-<pb pagenum="99" xlink:href="025/01/103.jpg"></pb>ſum fertur, non tamen ſervata cylindri forma; licet enim ima portio cy<lb></lb>lyndrica ſit, ſuperior tamen habet ſuperficiem quaſi ſphæricam, <lb></lb>ſeu ſphæroidalem, hanc porrò induit aër, vt quaſi cuneatim aqua <lb></lb>perrumpat; propria igitur ſpontè; vi ſcilicet levitatis, qua <lb></lb>pollet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001154"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001155"> Si primo noſtro congreſſui interfuiſſes, Chryſocome, hoc <lb></lb>experimentum, dubio procul omni, minimè adduxiſſes, obſervaſſes <lb></lb>enim aquam ſecundùm latera tubi ſpiratim deſcendere, & ab ea ſurſum <lb></lb>aëra extrudi, longè tardiore motu; quia ſurſum aër motu recto fertur, <lb></lb>aqua verò deorſum, non recto, ſed ſpirali, quo rectum acceleratum im<lb></lb>peditum compenſat; illud porro aëris faſtigium quaſi cuneatum, non ab <lb></lb>aëre vi propria induitur, ſed inducitur ab aquæ pondere versùs tubi late<lb></lb>ra deflectente ad deſcenſum; alioquin ſi aër propria vi hanc figuram in<lb></lb>duit, cur non conicam, quæ ad aſcenſum & aquam perrumpendam lon<lb></lb>gè aptior eſſet; nec enim difficiliùs vnam quàm aliam indueret; immo <lb></lb>fortè conicam, quæ ad cylindricam propriùs accedit. </s> <s id="s.001156">Vtinam æquè <lb></lb>facile mihi eſſet, definire, quænam figura illa ſit, illiuſque cauſam <lb></lb>afferre, quam nemo, ſaltem quod ſciam, hucuſque adinvenit; hîc <lb></lb>tuam operam, Antime; nec enim eum me reputo; qui hunc nodum <lb></lb>ſolvam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001157"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001158"> Non eſt mihi dubium, quin hæc ſuperficies curva ab aqua ver<lb></lb>sùs latera vaſis inclinante formetur; cùm enim aqua deſcendere non poſſit, <lb></lb>niſi aër loco cedat, extruſus ſcilicet ab aqua, & hic ſurſum extrudi non <lb></lb>poſſit, niſi humor illi ſeſe ſupponat, vt hoc faciat, eundem aëra quaſi <lb></lb>complexa per tubi latera ſpiratim deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.001159">An verò dicta ſuperficies pa<lb></lb>rabolica ſit, dubium eſt; cum enim aqua versùs latera vaſis tendat, ſimul <lb></lb>& deorſum motu accelerato, inde reſultas motus mixtus, qui lineam pa<lb></lb>rabolicam poſt ſe relinquit, vt jam alij demonſtrarunt; ſed vnde erit mo<lb></lb>tus ille horizontalis cum perpendiculari conjunctus? </s> <s id="s.001160">an fortè dicendum <lb></lb>eſt, aquam ſpiratim deſcendere, cœpta quaſi à centro ſpira; donec ad <lb></lb>latera vaſis perveniat; ab illa autem ſpira deorſum producta ſupremum <lb></lb>illud aëris faſtigium tornari, cùm aliter ſpiræ deorſum produci non poſ<lb></lb>ſint: ſed his omiſſis, cùm cylindrus aëris ab aqua ſtringatur, per latera <lb></lb>delabente, tantulùm aſſurgat, neceſſe eſt; vnde aqua, cui ſuprema illius <lb></lb>baſis ſubeſt, cedit locum; & cùm hæc attolli non poſſit, versùs latera <lb></lb>eat oportet, vbi dumtaxat ei locus patet; ſcilicet inter aëra & late<lb></lb>ra vaſis, vnde linea parabolica reſultat; hinc ſi tubus ſit anguſtior, vix <lb></lb>aqua cylindrum inter aëris & latera tubi intercipi poteſt; vnde prædicta <lb></lb>ſupremi faſtigij forma non ſequitur, quæ certè minùs convexa eſt, ſeu <lb></lb>acuta, quò rima inter aëra & latera vaſis, qua perrumpit aqua, eſt angu<lb></lb>ſtior: immo ſi tubus inclinetur, convexitas prædicti faſtigij deorſum ver<lb></lb>sùs inferiùs tubi inclinati latus producitur; quia eò major ponderis aquæ <lb></lb>vis fertur, ex quo etiam manifeſtè colligitur, hanc convexi fa<lb></lb>ſtigij figuram ab aqua versùs latera vaſis labente tornari. </s> <s id="s.001161">Porrò neſcio an <pb pagenum="100" xlink:href="025/01/104.jpg"></pb>vllus obſervarit, quando minor eſt aëris portio, tornari etiam & <lb></lb>turbinati inferiorem aëris baſim, quaſi ad inſtar lentis, innno ſi adhuc <lb></lb>minor ſit, ad inſtar rotundæ gemmæ apparet; an fortè quia hæc figu<lb></lb>ra ab aqua ambiente inducitur, cùm inter omnes ſimpliciſſima ſit, & <lb></lb>inter æquales minimam ſuperficiem habeat; ſed hæc tantulum figuræ de<lb></lb>ſiderant. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.104.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/104/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001162">Sit tubus AD vitreus, plenus aqua, excepta por<lb></lb>tone aëris, quæ ſi innataret occuparet cylindrum <lb></lb>FG ; primùm ita reſtringitur, vt baſis diameter ſit <lb></lb>TV, occupante aqua Spatia HTGV, ex cujus <lb></lb>lapſu, cùm duo corpora ſeſe penetrare non poſſint, <lb></lb>cylindrum aëris reſtringi ac turbinari versùs K, vbi <lb></lb>labens aqua versùs & ſecus latera, locum illi cedit <lb></lb>prorſus neceſſe eſt: cùm <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> aqua per ſpatia HTGV <lb></lb>deſcendens ſpiratim, præ impetu, in aquam conten<lb></lb>tam cylindri portione CE altè ſubeat, ſuperficies <lb></lb>aquæ FE neceſſariò attollitur; vnde portionem aë<lb></lb>ris I ſurſum extrudi, neceſſe eſt; idque ſenſim, in <lb></lb>proportione aſſignabili; detracto enim cylindro ſub <lb></lb>baſi TV, ex cylindro FG, vt reſiduum ad cylin<lb></lb>drum FG, ita motus baſis TV ad motum aquæ la<lb></lb>bentis per ſpatia HTGV, præſcindendo à ſpira. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001163">Iam verò ſit cylindrus aëris OM minor priore; at<lb></lb>tollitur quidem in X, & cum aqua lapſa versùs N reflectatur à lateribus <lb></lb>tubi, ſtatimque cum aqua inferiore miſceatur, ita vt per ſpiram integram <lb></lb>minimè deſcendat, quaſi tondet marginem inferioris baſis cylindruli aë<lb></lb>ris, eamque in ſuperficiem <expan abbr="convexã">convexam</expan> NPM facilè tornat; Porrò ab illa ſpira <lb></lb>non integra labentis aquæ, lens aëris extruſa ſurſum, huc illuc libratur <lb></lb>eundo, quia cùm modò hinc, modò illinc labens aqua ſeſe ſubjiciat aëri, <lb></lb>quid mirum, ſi prædicta libratio, ſeu tremor quidam conſequatur: <lb></lb>quod etiam accidit in cylindrulis aëris minoribus, propter eandem <lb></lb>rationem; in majoribus enim deſcendens aqua cum majore impetu <lb></lb>aliam aquam ſubit, vnde hæc ſecundùm Planum horizontale ſenſim at<lb></lb>tollitur. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.104.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/104/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001164">Sit demum tubus AC in ſitu inclinato, cylindrus <lb></lb>aëris EH ita conformatur, vt convexitas MFN multo <lb></lb>longiùs producatur, quàm connexitas ME; nempe <lb></lb>aqua gravior in latus inferius CB inclinat & versùs <lb></lb>punctum H lateris inferioris CB deſinunt ſpiræ, quod ad <lb></lb>oculum patet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001165"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001166"> Ex iis omnibus manifeſtum fit, aëra <lb></lb>ſurſum ab aqua extrudi, non verò ſua ſponte ire; <lb></lb>alioquin cur illæ ſpiræ? </s> <s id="s.001167">aut illa parabola? </s> <s id="s.001168">cur ini<lb></lb>tio aſcenſus, cylindri aërei faſtigium à Plano pa-<pb pagenum="101" xlink:href="025/01/105.jpg"></pb>rum diſtat? </s> <s id="s.001169">cur ſi aëris portio modica ſit, etiam ima baſis convexa eſt? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001170">cur major aëris portio tardiùs, minor citiùs aſcendit? </s> <s id="s.001171">imò ſi <expan abbr="idẽ">idem</expan> tubus inæ<lb></lb>qualis ſit, per ſegmentum anguſtius tardiùs aër incedit, citiùs per laxius; <lb></lb>quia in anguſtiore aër in longiorem cylindrum producitur; cur ille tre<lb></lb>mulus motus Lentium aëris? </s> <s id="s.001172">Cur figura Lentis, non Sphæræ? </s> <s id="s.001173">cur in tubo in<lb></lb>clinato longior eſt convexitas aëris versùs latus interius, versùs ſuperius, <lb></lb>brevior. </s> <s id="s.001174">Cuncta hæc explicari non poſſunt, ſi aër ſurſum ſua ſponte aſcen<lb></lb>dit; ſcire tamen velim, cur eadem aëris portio in tubo anguſtiore tardiùs, <lb></lb>in laxiore citiùs aſcendat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001175"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001176"> Miror à te rationem non videri; in anguſtiore tubo aëris por<lb></lb>tio in cylindrum longiorem formatur; igitur aqua per latera deſcen<lb></lb>dens longius ſpatium decurrere debet, antequam cum aqua inferiore <lb></lb>conjungatur, & aëra ſurſum extrudat; igitur in eo plus temporis <lb></lb>ponit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001177"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001178"> Satis eſt, rem intelligo, vnde etiam perſpicua ratio ducitur, <lb></lb>cur modica portio aëris in eodem tubo citiùs aſcendat, quàm major, quia <lb></lb>hæc in longiorem cylindrum extenditur; quid mirum ergo, ſi tardiùs aſ<lb></lb>cendat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001179"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001180"> Infunde, quæſo te, in tubum aliquid olei; multa enim vi<lb></lb>debis, quæ tibi fortè oppoſitum perſuadeant: primo enim oleum tar<lb></lb>diùs aſſurgit, quia longè gravius eſt aëre. </s> <s id="s.001181">Secundo eandem figuram induit <lb></lb>quam Aër, tertio Aëris cylindrus per medium oleum citiſſimè ſurſum per<lb></lb>rumpit: quartò Aër nonnunquam oleum ſecum longè citiùs rapit, quàm <lb></lb>Oleum per ſe ipſum aſſurgeret; nihil horum explicari poteſt, niſi dicamus, <lb></lb>aëra ſurſum ſua ſponte ferri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001182"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001183"> Immo nihil horum explicari poteſt, ſi hoc dicamus; primò <lb></lb>igitur Aër citiùs fertur, tardiùs Oleum, cæteris paribus quia aliquando <lb></lb>accidit, vt modica olei portio ſurſum citiùs avolet; tardiùs aurem æqua<lb></lb>lis portio; quia minus eſt aquæ momentum adversùs gravitatem, ſeu pon<lb></lb>dus olei, & majus adversùs pondus aëris. </s> <s id="s.001184">Secundo de figura nihil adden<lb></lb>dum eſſe puto; niſi quòd inferior baſis niſi longior ſit olei cylindras, con<lb></lb>vexa eſt. </s> <s id="s.001185">Tertio vbi aëris cylindrus ad cylindrum aëris pervenit, ſtatim <lb></lb>deſcendit Oleum, in libero ſcilicet aëre, & ab aquæ lapſu circumagitur <lb></lb>in mille orbes & ſpiras; & verò Oleum in aëre poſitum ſua ſponte citò <lb></lb>deſcendere, mirum non eſt. </s> <s id="s.001186">Quarto Aëris bulla aliquando ſupremo cylin<lb></lb>dro olei adhæret, & tunc citiùs aſſurgit; quia ſcilicet totum illud per <lb></lb>modum vnius attollitur; neque in hoc eſt difficultas; Supponamus enim, <lb></lb>eſſe vnciam aëris, & vnciam olei; certè major eſt proportio momenti <lb></lb>duarum vnciarum aquæ adversùs pondus aggregati, ex vna vncia <lb></lb>olei, & vna aëris, quàm vnius vnciæ aquæ, adverſus vnam <lb></lb>Olei; nec obſtar aggregatum illud eſſe gravius alterutro; quia in <lb></lb>comparatione duorum gravium, æqualis ſemper vtriuſque extenſio, <lb></lb>ſeu moles accipitur. </s> <s id="s.001187">Sed hæc ſunt facilia, nec in his explicandis tua <lb></lb>opera indigeo, Antime; in his tamen non dubito, quin alia multa à <pb pagenum="102" xlink:href="025/01/106.jpg"></pb>te obſervata fuerint, quæ quia præſentis inſtituti non ſunt, à te non po<lb></lb>ſtulo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001188"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001189"> Negare non poſſum, quin multa mihi ſuppetant in hac ma<lb></lb>teria, quæ tamen quia à propoſito argumento aliena ſunt, in alium lo<lb></lb>cum tractanda & exponenda remitto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001190"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001191"> Vnde igitur motus levium ſurſum acceleratus? </s> <s id="s.001192">quòd certè <lb></lb>in diverſis globulis aqua levioribus probatum eſt; immo in aëris cylindro <lb></lb>per tubum aſſurgente, perſpicuè videtur; itemque in cylindro ligneo, per <lb></lb>vim ad fundum latioris vaſis vel putei detento, qui ſurſum ita erumpit, <lb></lb>vt longè altiùs aſcendat; etiam ſi in imo vaſis fundo foramen ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001193"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001194"> Ita eſt; ii globuli motu accelerato aſcendunt, diverſo tamen <lb></lb>à gravium motu; Supponimus enim liberum ſpatium in ampliſſimo vaſe <lb></lb>aqua pleno, ex quo leviora corpora, per mediam aquam aſcendunt; v.g. <lb></lb>cylindrus ligneus motu accelerato non quidem ſponte, ſed impreſſo ab <lb></lb>aqua extrudente; nempe impetus initio productus durat deinde; quid <lb></lb>mirum ergo, ſi motus inde acceleratus evadat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001195"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001196"> Igitur ad inſtar gravium eſſet acceleratus, quod tamen <lb></lb>omnibus experimentis repugnat; </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001197"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Æqualibus temporibus, æqualia velocitatis momenta non <lb></lb>accedunt, vt fit in motu gravium, ſed minora ſemper & minora, priùs ta<lb></lb>men acquiſitis ſemper remanentibus; an fortè vt in deſcenſu fune<lb></lb>penduli? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001198"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001199"> Minimè verò; cùm enim velocitates ſint vt motus, & hi in <lb></lb>ſubduplicata altitudinum vt ſupra demonſtratum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001200">Sit ſemiparabola ABC, ſpatium <lb></lb>acquiſitum motu naturaliter acce<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.106.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/106/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>lerato erit AB, velocitas verò ac<lb></lb>quiſita ęrit BC ; ſit etiam AB altitu<lb></lb>do aquæ, intra quam corpus leve <lb></lb>per vim intruditur & ex qua, præ<lb></lb>valente ejuſdem aquæ pondere ſur<lb></lb>ſum deinde extruditur; ſit ergo BH <lb></lb>æqualis BA item IN æqualis IH <lb></lb>ſitque alia ſemiparabola NKC ita <lb></lb>vt CI ſit Axi parallela; erit motus <lb></lb>corporis levis initio extruſionis vt <lb></lb>BC emenſa verò tota aquæ altitu<lb></lb>dine erit vt HN: nempe vt ab A <lb></lb>ad B acquiritur velocitas BC, & in <lb></lb>patio DB ſupra DE jam acquiſi<lb></lb>tam in ſpatio AD, acquiritur EG ; ita in BH acquiritur IN ſupra jam <lb></lb>acquiſitam BC, & vt in DB acquiritur EG ita in BL acquiritur MK <lb></lb>æqualis EG ; denique vt in AD acquiritur DE ita in LH acquiritur ON. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001201">Sed quid de foramine in fundo vaſis aperto, cujus ſupra Chryſocomus <lb></lb>meminit? </s> </p> <pb pagenum="103" xlink:href="025/01/107.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001202"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001203"> De re mihi non conſtat, nunquam enim hoc à me obſerva<lb></lb>tum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001204"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001205"> Omninò diſtinguendum eſt; ſi enim tale eſt, vt tantumdem <lb></lb>aquæ per illud effluat, quantum infra cylindrum deſcendit; cylindrus <lb></lb>erit immobilis; ſi minùs deſcendat, quàm effluat, cylindrus ipſe, ſi de<lb></lb>ſcendere poteſt, deſcendet; ſi verò plus aquæ deſcendat, quàm ex fora<lb></lb>mine effluat, tantulùm cylindrus aſſurgit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001206"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001207"> Hoc ipſum perſpicuè probat, corpus leve non attolli ſua <lb></lb>ſponte; quod enim gravius deorſum deſcendat, non impedit, quò minùs <lb></lb>leve ſua ſponte aſcendat: ſed accipe luculentum experimentum, iis ta<lb></lb>men ſimile, quæ jam expoſita fuere. </s> <s id="s.001208">Sit pixis quælibet, in cujus fundo he<lb></lb>miſphærium, vel minor Sphæræ portio accuratè & affabrè ita excavetur, <lb></lb>vt Sphæram ligneam omninò capiat, nulla relicta intercapedine; tum <lb></lb>pixis impleatur aqua; Sphærula lignea, quamvis levior, nullo modo aſ<lb></lb>cendit; quia ſcilicet cum aqua in cavitatem illam ſubire non poſſit, ab ea <lb></lb>Sphæra ſursùm extrudi non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001209"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001210"> Dicerem non aſſurgere Sphæram, ne detur vacuum; idem <lb></lb>enim fieri videmus, ſi duo plana probè congruant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001211"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001212"> Hoc dictum iri ſciebam; ſed fiat foramen in medio cavita<lb></lb>tis, quò ſcilicet aër ambiens facile ſubeat, non propterea Sphærula aſcen<lb></lb>dit, licèt nullum reſtet vacui periculum: per vos etiam mihi liceat, hic <lb></lb>obiter, ea ſaltem indicare, quæ tuam illam ſententiam, Chryſocome, om<lb></lb>ninò expugnare videntur. </s> <s id="s.001213">1. Quandoquidem per vnum principium <lb></lb>motus cuncta explicari poſſunt, quo ſcilicet corpus grave ſua ſponte <lb></lb>deorſum fertur, quod inficiatur nemo, & leve ſurſum extrudi poteſt, <lb></lb>fruſtra ponitur aliud principium: Hæc ratio, licèt communis ſit, maximi <lb></lb>ſanè momenti eſt. </s> <s id="s.001214">Secundò, cùm ab eodem centro multæ lineæ ducantur, <lb></lb>fi corpus leviſſimum eſſet, in centro, non poſſet vllo modo aſſurgere; cur <lb></lb>enim potiùs per vnam lineam quam per aliam? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001215"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001216"> Facilè retorqueo argumentum, nec enim pariter ſurſum ex<lb></lb>trudi poſſet; cur enim potiùs per vnam lineam quàm per aliam? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001217"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001218"> Hoc quidem verum eſt, modò ambiens gravius æqualis eſſet <lb></lb>momenti; per omnes lineas; ſed hoc per accidens; illud autem per ſe <lb></lb>præterea, linea motus recti à termino, ad quem determinatur; cùm au<lb></lb>tem vnum centrum ſit, aſſumpto quolibet puncto extra centrum, ab illo <lb></lb>ad centrum vnica tantùm linea ducitur, cùm tamen ab eodem, plures ad <lb></lb>periphætiam duci poſſint; vna quidem producta ad centrum; ſed quomo<lb></lb>do à centro determinatur hæc linea, quod neque ſit terminus ad quem, <lb></lb>nec terminus à quo illius motus? </s> <s id="s.001219">Tertiò non poteſt idem corpus in par<lb></lb>tes oppoſitas ſimul moveri; igitur nec ſimul conniti, ſcilicet ab intrinſe<lb></lb>co; quod vt meliùs intelligatur, ſit vas aqua plenum, ſitque pondus aquæ <lb></lb>40. libr. </s> <s id="s.001220">Sit fruſtum ligni in fundo vaſis retentum pendens 5.libr. </s> <s id="s.001221">appen<lb></lb>datur ſimul vtrumque, ſuſtinebitur à 45. libris poſitis in altera lance li<lb></lb>bræ, eritque æquilibrium, ſtatimque impedimento ſublato, lignum emer<lb></lb>git, ſurſumque attollitur eodem prorſus æquilibrio manente; igitur hic <pb pagenum="104" xlink:href="025/01/108.jpg"></pb>motus ſurſum non eſt ab intrinſeco; vt patet, ſuſtinetur ab aqua, inquies; <lb></lb>rectè, ergo ſe ipſum lignum non ſuſtinet; igitur multò minùs ſe movet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001222">Omitto innumera ferè experimenta, quæ rem hanc penitùs evincunt; ſed <lb></lb>ne in Parergum prolixius abeamus, cœptam diſputationem à te reſumi <lb></lb>velim, Antime, præſertim cùm hæc ad rem præſentem parùm faciant, <lb></lb>modò enim aër gravis ſit, hoc tibi ſatis eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001223"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001224"> Vt igitur partes omnes terreſtris globi versùs commune cen<lb></lb>trum nituntur, ita etiam partes aëris ambientis: Sed cùm aër ſive purior, <lb></lb>ſive impurior, nam perinde eſt, ambiat etiam alios totales globos, putà <lb></lb>Lunam, globum enim totalem appello illum, qui alterius pars non eſt, & <lb></lb>ſeorſim poſitus manet, medium quoddam commune dici poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001225"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001226"> Et cùm ſinguli globi totales ſuo centro gaudeant, versùs <lb></lb>quod omnes illorum partes connituntur; hæc enim veriſſima eſt ratio, <lb></lb>qua totales globi tornari, & figuram obtentam ſervare poſſunt, aëris <lb></lb>etiam, ſeu communis medij ambientis portio, versùs illos globos gravitat, <lb></lb>ſeu nititur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001227"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001228"> Rectè omninò; cùm enim medium commune tot vſibus neceſ<lb></lb>ſarium ſit, non minùs pertinet ad vnum globum, quàm ad alium; vnde <lb></lb>rationi ac rerum naturæ conſentaneum eſſe videtur, vt versùs vtrumque <lb></lb>gravitet; quota verò pars versùs vnum, & quota versùs alium, non diffi<lb></lb>cilè definiri poteſt. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.108.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/108/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001229">Sit enim centrum A terreſtris globi CBED, ſit centrum Lunæ I, du<lb></lb>catur recta AI, connectens <expan abbr="vtrumq;">vtrumque</expan> <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan>; conſideretur BK vt cylindrus <pb pagenum="105" xlink:href="025/01/109.jpg"></pb>aëris, cujus pars versùs A, & pars versùs I gravitet, tribus modis definiri <lb></lb>poteſt hujus cylindri portio, quæ versùs A, & ea; quæ versùs I gravitat; <lb></lb>Primo diviſa AI bifariam in F ; & ſic FK gravitat versùs I & FB versùs A. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001230">Secundo diviſa bifariam BK in M, & ſic BM versùs A, & MK <lb></lb>versùs I. gravitat. </s> <s id="s.001231">Tertiò ita diviſa AI vt ſegmentum gravitans ver<lb></lb>sùs A, ſit ad aliud gravitans versùs I, vt globus A ad globum I. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001232">Quartus modus addi poteſt, vt ſcilicet BK ſecetur juxta dictam propor<lb></lb>tio nem globorum. </s> <s id="s.001233">Quidquid autem ex his dicatur, ad rem noſtram perinde <lb></lb>eſt; quare majoris facilitatis gratia, primum modum accipio, & per punctum <lb></lb>F duco GFH perpendiculariter, quæ vocetur dirimens connectentem <lb></lb>centra, ſeu linea confinium. </s> <s id="s.001234">Quod dixi de AF, IF, de AN, IN dictum eſto, <lb></lb>item de reliquis lineis, ſeu cylindris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001235"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001236"> Multis ſanè, præſertim Peripateticis, hæc tua doctrina mi<lb></lb>nimè probabitur, qui juxta mentem Philoſophi docent, centrum terræ <lb></lb>idem eſſe cum centro Vniverſi, versùs quod omnia gravia tendunt; nega<lb></lb>bunt igitur portionem aëris ſupra dirimentem GH, versùs Lunæ cen<lb></lb>trum gravitare. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001237"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001238"> Videtur quidem Stagirita hoc ipſum, quod dicis ad ſtruere; præ<lb></lb>ſertim lib.2. de cœlo text. </s> <s id="s.001239">100. <emph type="italics"></emph>Accidit autem,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> inquit, <emph type="italics"></emph>idem terræ medium <lb></lb>eſſe, ac Vniverſi,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſed vt terræ centrum eſt, in id ferri per accidens; per ſe <lb></lb>verò ad centrum Vniverſi; de hoc tamen lib. 3. text.33. dubitare videtur; <lb></lb>vbi enim dixiſſet, quidquid pondus habet, ferri ad medium, ſeu versùs <lb></lb>centrum, ſtatim ſubdit hæc: <emph type="italics"></emph>vtrùm autem ad terræ medium, an Vniverſi <lb></lb>feratur, cùm idem medium ſit ipſorum, alia ratio eſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Cùm autem Ariſtoteles <lb></lb>cœlos ſolidos poſuerit, & Sphæram ignis aëre ſuperiorem, & quintam <lb></lb>eſſentiam, quam animatam eſſe indicare videtur, quid mirum, cùm ele<lb></lb>menta noſtra, juxta illum, vltra concavum Lunæ non extendantur, & ſuis <lb></lb>orbibus ſolidis ſolidi Planetæ affixi ſint, nihil vltra prorsùs gravitare aut <lb></lb>levitare, ac proinde gravium & levium commune centrum in Mundi & <lb></lb>Terræ centro collocavit. </s> <s id="s.001240">Si tamen cœlum eſſe fluidum putaſſet, & cœ<lb></lb>leſtes Sphæras in illo communi medio moveri, & ſuos agere orbes; ſi <lb></lb>Cometas de novo gigni & mori in ætherea regione, nec non faculas & <lb></lb>maculas in Solis diſco. </s> <s id="s.001241">Martem propiùs ad terras nonnunquam accedere <lb></lb>quàm Solem; novas Stellas in Cœlo naſci; ſi demùm alia multa, quæ <lb></lb>jam ex obſervationibus comperta ſunt, ſciviſſet, non eſt dubium, quin alia <lb></lb>de Cœlo & Vniverſi conſtructione ſcripſiſſet; quanquam cum Ariſtotele <lb></lb>Dico centrum terræ Vniverſi centrum eſſe, circa quod cœleſtes Sphæræ <lb></lb>ſuos orbes agunt, versùs quod illa omnia gravia tendunt, ſublunaria ſci<lb></lb>licet, quæ Ariſtoteles agnovit; ſed cùm hoc commune medium vltra <lb></lb>extendatur, & eadem ratione pro formatione & conſervatione militet <lb></lb>in aliis globis; tot pono centra, in quæ partes circumpoſitæ nituntur, <lb></lb>quot ſunt globi totales; gravitas enim non totius, ſed partium proprietas<lb></lb>eſt, cujus vi quælibet pars versùs ſuum centrum nititur, & contranititur, <lb></lb>ne ab eo ſeparet ut, & ſi vnquam ab eo ſeparetur, in illud denuò ſe reci<lb></lb>pit. Quid vero ad conmune medium ſpectat, illius pottio verſùs illam<pb pagenum="106" xlink:href="025/01/110.jpg"></pb>globum tendit, quæ ſcilicet propior eſt, ſi quis autem abſolutè hoc neget, <lb></lb>(quanquam non video cur abſolutè non poſſit adſtrui) permittat ſaltem <lb></lb>hoc à me ſupponi, & ex illa hypotheſi, ratiocinando, diſcutere, quid ex <lb></lb>illa ſequatur, & hæc quaſi dicta ex hypotheſi accipiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001242"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguftin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001243"> Quintam illam eſſentiam in cœlis nunquam probavi; cùm <lb></lb>cœleſtia corpora ex noſtris elementis conflata eſſe communis ſit apud <lb></lb>Sanctos Patres ſententia, quos videſis apud Scheinerum, Ricciolum, Ce<lb></lb>ladam &c. </s> <s id="s.001244">immo Beda expreſſis verbis aſſerit, <emph type="italics"></emph>arhera eſſe ſuperius aëris <lb></lb>ſpatium in quo ſidera ferri perhibentur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001245"> In his autem, ſacræ Scripturæ ſan<lb></lb>ctiſque Interpretibus ſtandum potiùs eſſe duxerim; quam Peripateticis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001246">Porrò ex ſuppoſitione, quod cœleſtia corpora ex noſtris elementis con<lb></lb>ſtent, de quo poſt novas obſervationes dubitari nequit ; non video, quo<lb></lb>modo ſalvari omnia poſſint, niſi <expan abbr="prædictã">prædictam</expan> hypotheſim abſolutè ſtatuamus; <lb></lb>ita vt ſinguli globi totales ſuum ſingulare centrum habeant, versùs quod <lb></lb>partes omnes ejuſdem globi connituntur, cum illa communis medij, <lb></lb>aëris ſcilicet portione, quæ ad illud propiùs accedit, quàm ad <lb></lb>aliud; centrum verò terræ, præter illam centri rationem, quæ illi <lb></lb>cum aliis globis communis eſt, habet aliam rationem, quæ illi <lb></lb>dumtaxat competit, centri ſcilicet Vniverſi, quod certè terre<lb></lb>ſtri globo ſingulare eſt cui reliqui globi ſerviunt; nam propter ho<lb></lb>mines terreſtris globi incolas totum corporeum mundum Deus condidit, <lb></lb>nec aliis globis res viventes inſunt, etiam, vt vocant, vegetantium vita, <lb></lb>nihil enim hæc ad terræ incolas conferre poſſent, vt patet; & quidquid <lb></lb>ſuper his adſtruitur, fictitium eſt, & merum commentum; hinc circa ter<lb></lb>ram immobilem eunt cœleſtes ſphæræ, eidem famulantes; vel diffuſa luce, <lb></lb>vt Sol, vel eadem repercuſſa, vt reliqui Planetæ, & ſtellæ veriſimiliùs; adde <lb></lb>quod diverſis variorum motuum periodis tempora ſignant, vt ſtellæ <lb></lb>fixæ loca, propter invariabilem, quem inter ſe habent ordinem; ſed quæ<lb></lb>ſo, perge, hæc à te ſuppoſita libenter admitto, etiam citra maris <lb></lb>æſtum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001247"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001248"> Secundo loco ſuppono, corpus liquidum, humidum, voca <lb></lb>vt voles, ſi ab omni parte æquali niſu prematur, figuram ſphæricam in<lb></lb>duere; cùm enim corpori humido v. g aquæ figura vaſis facilè inducatur, <lb></lb>nempe humidum terminis alienis facilè continetur, certè ſi æqualiter ab <lb></lb>omni parte prematur, nulla eſt ratio, cur potiùs hinc cedat, quàm illinc; inde <lb></lb>igitur neceſſariò figura ſphærica ſequitur: ſi verò minùs ab vna parte, quàm <lb></lb>ab aliis, reliquæ haud dubiè prævalent, ac proinde hæc tantulum cedat & <lb></lb>attollatur, neceſſe eſt; In his, quæ perſpicua ſunt, diutiùs non hæreo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001249">Tertiò ſuppono corpus liquidum, cui corpus grave admixtum eſt, inde <lb></lb>graviùs effici; ſic aqua, cui ſal admixtum eſt, gravior evadit, item aër <lb></lb>gravior, ſi multæ humoris particulæ, vt fit in nebula, admiſceantur; in <lb></lb>hoc etiam nulla eſt difficultas. </s> <s id="s.001250">His ſuppoſitis, ad marinum æſtum explican<lb></lb>dum venio; & varias aſſertiones adſtruo ex iactis principiis deductas. </s> <s id="s.001251">Sit <lb></lb>terra in A, vt dixi, & Luna in I, cum reliquo apparatu, vt ſupra, totus <pb pagenum="107" xlink:href="025/01/111.jpg"></pb>aèr infra lineam GFH, ſuppoſito vtroque globo immobili, gravitat ver<lb></lb>sùs centrum A; totus aër ſupra GH, gravitat versùs I; hic enim propriùs <lb></lb>accedit ad I, quàm ad A; ille verò propiùs ad A, quàm ad I. </s> <s id="s.001252">Prætereà <lb></lb>linea FB eſt minor NV: itemque illæ minores, quæ propiùs accedunt <lb></lb>ad FB; ſupponantur infinitæ, hinc inde, quarum maxima erit ES paral<lb></lb>lela dirimenti GH cum oppoſita æquali ZC: cùm autem prædictæ lineæ <lb></lb>ſint totidem cylindri aëris gravitantis, haud dubiè gravitatio inæqualis eſt, <lb></lb>& conſequenter preſſio; igitur ſi ſupponatur globus totus aqueus, ſaltem <lb></lb>quo ad ſuperficiem, ſeu corticem exteriorem ex dicta preſſione inæquali, <lb></lb>ſequitur figuræ ſphæricæ mutatio; & cùm ES, CZ ſint omnium maximæ <lb></lb>in punctis E & C, maximum eſt preſſionis momentum; igitur deprimun<lb></lb>tur C & E in Q & I v. g. igitur attollitur B in P, punctum enim B, in quo <lb></lb>eſt minimum preſſionis momentum, prævalentibus aliis, tantulùm attolli <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001253"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001254"> Quàm magnum mihi campum aperis; pudet me, hæc priùs <lb></lb>non cogitaſſe; tam facilia, tam obvia, tam trita & communia: fac quæſo <lb></lb>circulum DCBE volvi circa axem BD, punctum X deſcribit circulum, <lb></lb>cujus radius eſt XB, in cujus tota peripheria fit æqualis preſſio, ſcilicet <lb></lb>vt XO, quæ eſt major BF; item C deſcribet peripheriam circuli radio <lb></lb>CA, in qua tota eſt æqualis preſſio, ſed longè major, quàm in priore; <lb></lb>tum quia circulus major premitur, tum quia in ſingulis punctis major eſt <lb></lb>preſſio; in ſingulis verò punctis inter CD, circuli preſſionum minores <lb></lb>ſunt; quilibet ſcilicet ſub ſinu recto; cùm autem preſſiones ſint, vt præ<lb></lb>dicti circuli, ac proinde major ſit preſſio in CE, ſequitur neceſſariò de<lb></lb>preſſio punctorum C & E & elevatio B & D, in oppoſitis ſcilicet punctis, <lb></lb>per quæ ducitur linea connectens centra, ſcilicet ID; vna tamen mihi <lb></lb>reſtat difficultas, cui ſolvendæ imparem profectò me ſentio, nempe in <lb></lb>ſingulis punctis quadrantis CD, æqualis eſt vis preſſionis; cur igitur <lb></lb>aſſurgit in R? cur vnum prævalet ſupra aliud; </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001255"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001256"> Hic nodus indiſſolubilis eſſet, ſi tantùm preſſio fieret in pun<lb></lb>ctis C & D, aliíſque eiuſdem arcus CD ; ſed quia æqualis radiorum, ſeu <lb></lb>linearum preſſio fit in circulo, v. g. in circulo radio CA, in circulo ra<lb></lb>dio ba, aliíſque parallelis, certè preſſiones ſunt vt peripheriæ prædi<lb></lb>ctorum circulorum, & hæ vt radij CA, ba &c. </s> <s id="s.001257">vnde ſequitur, majorem <lb></lb>eſſe vim preſſionis circuli, cujus radius eſt CA, quàm circuli, cujus ra<lb></lb>dius eſt Ba, deprimitur ergo aqúa in prædicto circulo CE, quem dein<lb></lb>ceps circulum maximæ preſſonis, ſeu depreſſionis vocabo; & attollitur <lb></lb>versùs P & R, qui ſunt poli prædicti circuli, ſeu puncta maximæ eleva<lb></lb>tionis: hinc ex ſphæra fit ſphærois, licèt autem preſſis in b ſit major quam <lb></lb>in X ; hoc tamen pro nihilo habendum eſt; cùm primaria cauſa elevatio<lb></lb>nis aquæ ſit à circulis preſſionis, non procul à circulo maximæ preſſionis <lb></lb>diſtantibus; accedit quod cùm non obſtante circulo preſſionia, radio ba, in<lb></lb>tumeſcat aqua in R, ac proinde in <expan abbr="arcũ">arcum</expan> Qb, oblique cylindrus incidat, pel<lb></lb>lit potiùs punctum b per ba <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> per b A; vnde fit quędam compenſatio; nam <pb pagenum="108" xlink:href="025/01/112.jpg"></pb>X minùs reſiſtit directa preſſione per XA; quid mirum igitur, ſi à circulis <lb></lb>majoris preſſionis altiùs attollatur verſus AP; itemque minùs premit per <lb></lb>XB; b verò magis reſiſtit directa preſſione per bA, vnde ab aliis circulis <lb></lb>majoris preſſionis minùs a tollitur; plus tamen per ba, quam vocare <lb></lb>poſſumus obliquam preſſionem; vnde vides vnam compenſari per aliam; <lb></lb>nempe X habet minorem preſſionem tum directam, tum obliquam; hinc <lb></lb>ratione directæ plus attollitur, ratione obliquæ minùs, b verò habet majo<lb></lb>rem vtramque, ac proinde ratione directæ minùs attollitur, & plus ra<lb></lb>tione obliquæ; en vobis perſpicuam compenſationem. </s> <s id="s.001258">Denique licèt <lb></lb>aliqua eſſet differentia elevationis, parum admodùm referret; de quo <lb></lb>infra. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001259"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001260"> Huiuſque quaſi meditabundus conticui; negari tamen non <lb></lb>poteſt, quin peregrinum inventum ſit; modò omnia probè conſentiant, <lb></lb>ac phænomenis non repugnent; vnum tamen occurrit, quod mihi diffici<lb></lb>le videtur; cur ſcilicet preſſio per vnum dumtaxat majorem circulum fiat, <lb></lb>cujus radius eſt CA; cur enim per alios non fit, quotum radij ſint XA, VA, <lb></lb>BA. &c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001261"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001262"> Rectè mones, hoc enim mihi explicandum incumbit, equi<lb></lb>dem fit preſſio per omnes circulos majores, vt fit in circulo ma<lb></lb>jore, BCDE, ſed quia propter preſſionem inæqualem, hujuſmodi <lb></lb>circuli in Ellipſes, vel quaſi Ellipſes mutantur, conſidero tantùm <lb></lb>preſſionem in iis circulis, in quibus æqualis, vel vniformis eſt preſſio, <lb></lb>inter quos vnus dumtaxat major eſt, quem maximæ preſſionis ſupra voca<lb></lb>vi, in quem axis abſidum, ſeu maximæ elevationis, perpendiculariter <lb></lb>cadit; aliíque minores eidem paralleli. </s> <s id="s.001263">Nempe ſi preſſio vniformis eſt, <lb></lb>niſu quodam communi execitur, nec vnum ejuſdem circuli punctum ab <lb></lb>alio attollitur; ſi verò difformis & inæqualis, niſus communis non eſt, vt <lb></lb>patet. </s> <s id="s.001264">Poſita igitur Luna in I, eaque immobili, terra in A, ita vt tota il<lb></lb>lius ſuperficies aquea ſit, terra non jam ſphæra, ſed ſphærois erit ad inſtar <lb></lb>pruni, cujus major diameter eſt axis abſidum, vel in linea connectente <lb></lb>centra, minor verò eſt diameter circuli maximæ preſſionis. </s> <s id="s.001265">Et ſi Luna ſit <lb></lb>in Æquatore, prædictum Planum BCDE erit in plano Æquatoris, CE <lb></lb>erit Meridianus, polus in C erecta CA perpendiculari ad planum Æqua<lb></lb>toris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001266"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001267"> Quæ ſequuntur facilia reputo; demus enim moveri Lunam <lb></lb>per IHS, eodem motu moveri videbitur punctum P ; & vbi Luna per<lb></lb>venerit in S, punctum maximæ elevationis erit in E, erítque EC linea ab<lb></lb>ſidum, & BD diameter maximæ preſſionis; atque ita prædictus aquæ tu<lb></lb>mor motum Lunæ omninò æmulatur, & orbe peracto, Luna redeunte <lb></lb>ad punctum I, tumor rediret ad punctum P. </s> <s id="s.001268">Pro quo etiam fingendum <lb></lb>eſt, ſimul cum Luna, eodemque motu, circa centrum A, moveri lineam <lb></lb>connectentem centra A, I, cum ipſa linea dirimente GFH, ſed profe<lb></lb>ctò hic æſtus ab eo diverſus eſt, quem modò habemus, vel obſervamus in <lb></lb>mari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001269"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001270"> Ita eſt, fateor vltro; quia totam terreſtris globi ſuperficiem aqua <pb pagenum="109" xlink:href="025/01/113.jpg"></pb>non tegit; fac autem v. g. altiſſimum terræ tractum attolli ſupra aquas in <lb></lb>V, haud dubiè eo tempore, quo tumor aquæ reſponderet radio AV, ſecun<lb></lb>dùm eundem radium aſſurgit aqua per clivum montis, donec <expan abbr="tandẽ">tandem</expan> Luna <lb></lb><expan abbr="recedẽte">recedente</expan> versùs S, aqua ſubſidit, & refluit proprio pondere; quia preſſionis <lb></lb>vi non ſuſtinetur amplius; hinc fiet æſtus reciprocus, <expan abbr="qualẽ">qualem</expan> modò habemus, <lb></lb>ſive, vt <expan abbr="vocãt">vocant</expan>, fluxus, & refluxus. </s> <s id="s.001271">Si verò ad <expan abbr="occasũidẽ">occasum idem</expan> terræ tractus versùs <lb></lb>mare inclinet; hinc inde maximus erit aquæ tumor ad <expan abbr="vtrũq;">vtrunque</expan> montis <expan abbr="clivũ">clivum</expan>, <lb></lb>occiduum ſcilicet, atque ortivum; & Luna tendente versùs S, ſenſim ſubſi<lb></lb>det aqua, excurrétque, hinc versùs ortum, inde occaſum versùs; vt autem <lb></lb>refluit aqua in partes oppoſitas, abeunte Luna, ita Luna accedente à parti<lb></lb>bus oppoſitis, <expan abbr="nimirũab">nimirum ab</expan> occaſu & ortu accurrit, vel affluit, aſſurgítque aqua <lb></lb>versùs terræ tractum V, & vtrimque ad vtrumque clivum ſenſim attolli<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.001272">Hinc ſi per medium terræ trectum, anguſtum fretum perrumperet, aqua <lb></lb>hinc inde ſimul aſſurgente, in medio freto gemini æſtus concurrerent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001273"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc mihi ſummoperè placent; ſed non intelligo, quid fiat Lu<lb></lb>na extra Æquatorem ſita. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001274"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001275"> Faciam intelligas: finge tibi terram ad inſtar ſphæroidis, id eſt, <lb></lb>Solidi Elliptici; cogita prunum PQRT, quod obtinebis, ſi ellipſim hanc <lb></lb>circa axem RP volvi iubeas. </s> <s id="s.001276">Finge autem prædictum prunum cujus ſectio <lb></lb>PQRT eſt in plano Æquatoris, librari circa <expan abbr="axẽ">axem</expan> CE modò versùs <expan abbr="Poreã">Poream</expan>, <lb></lb>modò versùs Auſtrum, per <expan abbr="arcũ">arcum</expan> 18. circiter graduum, hinc inde; ac ſimul <expan abbr="li-neã">li<lb></lb>neam</expan> <expan abbr="abſidũ">abſidum</expan> RP volvi circa <expan abbr="axẽ">axem</expan> Mundi, in plano ſcilicet Æquatoris perpen<lb></lb>diculariter erectum, eodem prorſus <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> Luna motu, <expan abbr="tũ">tum</expan> integræ revolutionis, <lb></lb>tum etiam prædictæ librationis, en tibi germanum marini æſtus ſyſtema. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001277"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001278"> Maxima difficultas ſeſe mihi objicit ; nempe poſita linea abſi<lb></lb>dum extra Planum Æquatoris, Luna v.g.in Tropico Capricorni exiſtente, ſi <lb></lb>accipiamus quodlibet punctum extra Æquatorem, elevatio aquæ in eo <lb></lb>puncto inæqualis eſſet, licèt Luna in Meridiano ſita ſupponatur; & vt cla<lb></lb>riùs hanc difficultatem exponam. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.113.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/113/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001279">Sit circulus verticalis & meri<lb></lb>dianus in globo terreſtri ADCF, <lb></lb><expan abbr="Horizõ">Horizon</expan> AC, Æquator FK; Tropi<lb></lb>cus Cancri HI, Capricorni GL, <lb></lb>Axis mundi PM; ſupponatur Lu<lb></lb>na in G, ſcilicet in Tropico Capri<lb></lb>corni, & in meridiano ſupra hori<lb></lb>zontem; circulus maximæ depreſ<lb></lb>ſionis eſt <expan abbr="Bq;">Bq</expan> & à terræ <expan abbr="pũcto">puncto</expan> D, <lb></lb>quod aſſumptum eſt extra Æqua<lb></lb>torem; <expan abbr="punctũ">punctum</expan> maximæ elevatio<lb></lb>nis, quod eſt in G, eſt enim line <lb></lb><expan abbr="abſidũ">abſidum</expan> GI, diſtat toto area GD, a <lb></lb>quo tamen circulus maximæ de <lb></lb>preſſionis diſtat tantùm arcu BM, poſita verò Luna in <expan abbr="pũcto">puncto</expan> mediæ noctis <lb></lb>L, circulus maximæ depreſſionis erit NO, Linea abſidum LH, arcus diſtan-<pb pagenum="110" xlink:href="025/01/114.jpg"></pb>tiæ à puncto maximæ elevationis HD, maximæ depreſſionis DN; igitur <lb></lb>æſtus nocturnus longè major eſt in loco D, quàm diurnus; immo ſi accipia<lb></lb>tur punctum B, in eo erit maxima depreſſio aquæ, Luna poſita in G ; ſcilicet <lb></lb>de meridie, poſita verò in L, de media nocte, diſtabit B à puncto maximæ <lb></lb>depreſſionis arcu BN; cuncta hæc repugnare videntur obſervationibus, cùm <lb></lb>æſtus diurnus & nocturnus æquales ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001280"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001281"> Fateor vnum eſſe ex præcipuis Nodis, qui mihi ſolvendi ſunt, <lb></lb>qui tamen facilè a me ſolvitur, in hypotheſi facta. </s> <s id="s.001282">Nempe dato quod tota <lb></lb>ſuperficies terreſtris globi ſit aquea, cuncta hæc, vt dicis, ſuccederent; duo <lb></lb>tamen obſerves, velim; primum eſt, diſtinguendam eſſe aquarum elevatio<lb></lb>nem, ſeu tumorem, ab earundem rapido curſu; vnum enim ab alio diſtin<lb></lb>guitur, licèt vnum ex alio conſequatur; vnde fieri poteſt, vt cum minore ele<lb></lb>vatione ſeu tumore, rapidior curſus conjunctus ſit; & viciſſim minùs rapi<lb></lb>dus curſus, cum majore elevatione propter loci ſitum: Secundum eſt, versùs <lb></lb>Polos æſtus ferè ſine legibus ire, quia cum punctum elevationis, quod non <lb></lb>procul à Polo diſtat brevem circulum, <expan abbr="diurnũ">diurnum</expan> ſcilicet deſcribat, circa axem <lb></lb>Mundi, quid mirum, ſi maxima inde aquarum perturbatio naſcatur; & verò <lb></lb>præſcindendo à vario terrarum ſitu, qui multa variat, versùs Polos, quaſi <lb></lb>vortex quidam tumentis aquæ, ſpatio 24. horarum min 48. circa polum iret, <lb></lb>ex quo reverà non modica aquarum perturbatio ſine certa lege ſequere<lb></lb>tur. </s> <s id="s.001283">Sed de hoc infra. </s> <s id="s.001284">Porrò fateor vltro, <expan abbr="præſcindẽdo">præſcindendo</expan> à diverſo partium ſitu <lb></lb>& poſito quod tota ſuperficies terreſtris globi aquea eſſet, in puncto D, tu<lb></lb>morem aquæ altiorem fore de meridie quàm de media nocte, Luna exiſten<lb></lb>te in Tropico Cancri, contra verò in Tropico Capricorni; immo Luna exi<lb></lb>ſtente in Cancro de meridie, vel in Capricorno, de media nocte, altiorem <lb></lb>fore tumorem in D, quàm ſi Luna exiſteret in Æquatore. </s> <s id="s.001285">Cur verò hoc <lb></lb>modo <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> fiat, ex diverſo terræ ac maris ſitu & à vario affluentis & refluen<lb></lb>tis aquæ curſu, variaque illius deflexione, reflexione, inclinatione, contra<lb></lb>ctione &c. </s> <s id="s.001286">de quibus infrà, omninò ſequitur. </s> <s id="s.001287">Itaque jam mihi ſufficit, hanc <lb></lb>veram cauſam eſſe prædicti aquarum tumoris & motus, ejuſdemque revo<lb></lb>lutionis, ad Lunæ motum diurnum ita compoſitę vt Luna in Meridiano exi<lb></lb>ſtente, ſive ſupra, ſive infra horizontem, præfatus tumor maximus ſit in lo<lb></lb>cis, ſub eodem Meridiano ſitis: maxima verò ibidem depreſſio, Luna 90. <lb></lb>gradibus à dicto Meridiano diſtante; ſic enim ſingulis diebus tumor vna <lb></lb>ferè hora tardiùs accedit; quia talis eſt Lunæ motus, & jam vides, ni fallor, <lb></lb>Chryſocome, quid ad mirabilem iſtum effectum Luna conferat, & quàm <lb></lb>providè antè dixerim, Lunam marini æſtus cauſam non eſſe, nec enim re<lb></lb>verà cauſa eſt, ſed mera occaſio; cauſa verò, inæqualis aëris gravitatio, eo <lb></lb>modo, quo dixi. </s> <s id="s.001288">Ex qua poſita Luna, ejuſque motu ab ortu in occaſum, ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò ſequitur æſtus, id eſt, aquarum elevatio & tumor, in dato quolibet <lb></lb>Oceani puncto; ſuppoſita ſcilicet tota ſuperficie globi aquea, idque bis ſin<lb></lb>gulis diebus, ſcilicet de meridie, & media nocte Lunari; meridiem autem, <lb></lb>ſeu mediam noctem Lunarem voco, illud temporis punctum, quo Luna eſt <lb></lb>in Meridiano, cui prædictus locus ſubeſt; vtrùm verò tumor de meridie Lu<lb></lb>nari, ſit æqualis tumori de media nocte, jam dictum eſt ſupra; nimirum <pb pagenum="111" xlink:href="025/01/115.jpg"></pb>æqualis eſt, dum Luna non procul ab Æquatore exiſtit; inæqualis verò, <lb></lb>dum Luna versùs Tropicos excurrit; quid autem accidat, in hoc rerum <lb></lb>ſtatu, nimirum ex diverſo marium ac terrarum ſitu, paulò poſt dicam, <lb></lb>nec me opinor, ab onere illo eximetis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001289"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001290"> Germanam ac facilem cauſam habemus marini æſtus, qui <lb></lb>ſingulis diebus bis aſſurgeret in illa hypotheſi totius ſuperficiei aqueæ, de <lb></lb>qua vltra diſputandum eſſe, non puto; quare ad aliam marini æſtus pro<lb></lb>prietatem venio; prima enim diurna eſt, de qua huc vſque; juxta illam <lb></lb>hypotheſim ; ſecunda menſtrua, tertia denique annua. </s> <s id="s.001291">Quod ſpectat ad <lb></lb>menſtruam, nemo ferè neſcit, æſtum maximum eſſe in Plenilunio, medio<lb></lb>crem in Novilunio, minimum in Quadraturis; Quæro igitur ex te, vtrùm <lb></lb>in hac eadem hypotheſi, ratio & cauſa reddi poſſit hujuſmodi varietatum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001292"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001293"> Non eſt dubium, quin poſita majore vi preſſionis, major ex <lb></lb>illa tumoris, vel elevationis effectus conſequatur, nimirum creſcente cau<lb></lb>ſa, creſcit effectus; atqui in Plenilunio major preſſionis vis eſt, quàm in <lb></lb>Novilunio; & in vtroque, quàm in Quadraturis; quia ſcilicet major vis <lb></lb>eſt gravitationis ; hæc verò major, quia tunc aër longè gravior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001294"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc probè inter ſe conſentiunt, modò illud, quod vltimo loco <lb></lb>aſſeris, ſubſiſtat; at, vt ingenuè dicam, non video, cur aër ſit gravior in <lb></lb>Plenilunio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001295"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001296"> Aliquid fortè novi afferam; quod tamen cum reliquis experi<lb></lb>mentis, immo & principiis conſentit; nempe certum eſt circa Plenilu<lb></lb>nium omnibus corporibus ſpongioſis & humidis, plus humoris & ſucci <lb></lb>ineſſe; vt videre eſt in ovis, cancris, medulla, cerebro, aliiſque corpori<lb></lb>bus, quibus humor facilè affunditur; Hæc profectò negari non poſſunt <lb></lb>ab iis, qui vel oculis inſtructi ſunt; accedit, quod in corporibus appel<lb></lb>latis, non modò creſcit moles, ſed etiam pondus, vt quivis probare pote<lb></lb>rit; quidni ergo longè plus humoris aëri circa Plenilunium inſit, cùm aër <lb></lb>facilè humorem excipiat, diviſum ſcilicet in perexiguas, quæque omnem <lb></lb>fugiant ſenſum particulas. </s> <s id="s.001297">Humor autem aëri admixtus majus pondus <lb></lb>conciliat, vt ſuppono ex jactis ſupra principiis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001298"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001299"> Immo etiam fortè major eſt aquæ vis circa Plenilunium; hu<lb></lb>mor enim humori facilè admiſcetur; quod licèt nunquam expertus ſim, <lb></lb>judico tamen probabile; licèt in parvis aquarum receptaculis ſenſum <lb></lb>omné facilè fugiat; ſecus in majoribus, vt in Mari; ſed cùm <expan abbr="periculũ">periculum</expan> <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> fe<lb></lb>cerim, vix affirmare auſim, licèt inaudierim in <expan abbr="quibuſdã">quibuſdam</expan> ſepulchris marmo<lb></lb>reis ſubterraneis, <expan abbr="aquã">aquam</expan> creſcere ac decreſcere, pro diverſo Lunæ adſpectu. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001300"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001301"> Ita eſt, apud Arelatenſes aliquid ſimile eſſe dicunt, ſub templo <lb></lb>Patrum S Franciſci de Paula; nempe illorum cœnobium ſitum eſt extra <lb></lb>vrbem, in eo loco, quem Campum Eliſium vocant, in quo innumeri vi<lb></lb>dentur tumuli lapidei, ſeu potiùs capſæ, in crypta verò ſub templo, ſunt <lb></lb>aliquot hujuſmodi ſepulchra, in quorum vno paulo elatiore, aqua creſce<lb></lb>re, ac decreſcere dicitur, pro diverſo Lunæ adſpectu; hoc non aſſero, quia <lb></lb>periculum non feci; mihi tamen vrna illa oſtenſa eſt, & hoc mihi ab illis <lb></lb>Patribus <expan abbr="aſſertũ">aſſertum</expan>, penes quos ſit fides. </s> <s id="s.001302">Vt vt ſit, cùm circa Plenilunium plus <pb pagenum="112" xlink:href="025/01/116.jpg"></pb>humoris inſit aliis corporibus, quæ facile humorem, ſubtilem ſcili<lb></lb>cet exugunt, aëri quoque plus humoris ineſſe, neceſſe eſt, cùm facillimè <lb></lb>tenuis humor ab illo exugatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001303"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001304"> Sed vnde amabò ille humor; an fortè Luna ex corporibus <lb></lb>illum educit, circa Plenilunium, tunc enim major illius vis eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001305"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001306"> Si Luna humorem illum educeret, inde certè corpora humi<lb></lb>da ſicciora manerent, vt patet ex terminis, & vt mole ita & pondere im<lb></lb>minuta; cùm tamen ſecùs accidat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001307"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001308"> Vnde procedat hic humor, cujus major vis ineſt aëri, ſicuti aliis <lb></lb>corporibus, circa Plenilunium, ad præſentem effectum nihil facit, pro <lb></lb>quo ſatis eſt, rem ita eſſe, à quacumque tandem cauſa ſit; certum eſt, ta<lb></lb>men, Lunam cauſam eſſe, vel occaſionem, pro cujus ſcilicet diverſo ad<lb></lb>ſpectu, humoris affuſi diverſa ratio eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001309"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001310"> Rem mihi gratiſſimam feceris, ſi vel obiter ſaltem indicâ<lb></lb>ris, quid ſentias de cauſa illa; niſi enim fallor, fieri non poteſt, quin aliquid <lb></lb>apud te ſtatueris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001311"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001312"> Dicam, ſed ex hypotheſi ; ſupponamus, Lunam ex noſtris ele<lb></lb>mentis conſtare, ac præſertim ex multo humore, longè noſtro ſubtiliore, <lb></lb>& puriore; nempe lympha noſtra non eſt pura, ſed mixta ex aliis elemen<lb></lb>tis; quis ſcit, an aquæ illæ ibi ſint, quæ ſuper cœlos in ſacro textu eſſe <lb></lb>dicuntur; nullos tamen in iis piſces eſſe putes, nulla animantium, aut <lb></lb>vegetantium ſemina; ibi enim fruſtra eſſent, cùm hæc propter hominem <lb></lb>ſint terreſtris orbis incolam; Sol autem, vt agit in terram, ita & in Lu<lb></lb>nam, & caloris vi, multum humoris rarefacti educit; cùm enim ſubtilior <lb></lb>ſit, longè faciliùs calore ſolvitur, educitúrque; hic porrò humor aëri ad<lb></lb>mixtus, caloris vi etiam vltra rareſcit; donec tandem à Luna recedens, <lb></lb>in conum vmbræ terræ immergatur, vbi præ frigore, denſatur, & priſti<lb></lb>næ gravitati reſtituitur; quia verò Luna versùs occaſum interim non pa<lb></lb>rum deflectit, ille tractus aëris, cui prædictus humor admixtus eſt, pro<lb></lb>pior terræ fit, quàm Lunæ, atque adeò, infra lineam dirimentem, versùs <lb></lb>ipſam terram gravitat. </s> <s id="s.001313">Sed vt hoc clariùs explicetur, nonnihil ſchematis <lb></lb>adhibeo: Sit <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan> terræ A, (<emph type="italics"></emph>Poſterioris Fig.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) ſit Luna L, & Sol è regione op<lb></lb>poſitus, ſecundùm lineam LAK, erit Plenilunium; ac proinde <expan abbr="hemiſphætiũ">hemiſphætium</expan> <lb></lb>Lunaris globi BED ſolaribus radiis illuſtratur, quorum vi, humor ex illo <lb></lb>educitur, ſecundùm lineas eductas ex centro L, vt fit in globo terræ; <lb></lb>cùm pariter Luna globus totalis ſit: Cùm autem vmbram ſuam terra proji<lb></lb>ciat ſecundum lineam AL, haud dubiè ſi Luna ſit in Nodis, ſeu in plano <lb></lb>Eclipticæ, in dictam vmbram immerſa eſt, ſecus verò, ſi à dicto plano <lb></lb>abſit, & quia interea Luna ab L tranſit in M, K, R, aëris tractus, cui prædictus <lb></lb>humor admixtus eſt, paulò inde gravior redditus, <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> iam ſit vicinior terræ, <lb></lb>quam Lunæ, versùs terram tendit; vnde fit, vt redeunte Luna in L, <expan abbr="invmbrã">in vmbram</expan> <lb></lb>immerſus, <expan abbr="cõdenſato">condenſato</expan> humore, multo gravior evadat, & <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ſit infra <expan abbr="dirimẽ-tẽ">dirimen<lb></lb>tem</expan>, in terram magis gravitet: <expan abbr="idẽ">idem</expan> dico de reliquo aëris tractu, in <expan abbr="orbẽ">orbem</expan> circa <lb></lb>A ; ac proinde major ſequitur preſſionis effectus, igitur major æſtus In No<lb></lb><gap></gap><pb pagenum="113" xlink:href="025/01/117.jpg"></pb>erit in K, & illius Hemiſphærium QPO illuſtratur, educiturque vapor per <lb></lb>lineam KP, aliaſque à centro K ductas; vnde prædictus vapor longiùs <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.117.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/117/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>recedit à terra, ac proinde vbi Luna, orbe peracto, redit in K, licèt non <lb></lb>modica illius portio infra dirimentem deſcenderit, minor tamen quàm an<lb></lb>te; quia versùs terram longè majus ſpatium decurrendum fuit: hæc au<lb></lb>tem in terram circumquaque gravitat quidem, ſed minùs; vnde minor <lb></lb>preſſio; igitur minor æſtus. </s> <s id="s.001314">At verò poſita Luna in Quadraturis M & R, <lb></lb>ſuppono enim Solem in eodem loco; illuſtrantur Hemiſphæria GIF, <lb></lb>STV; vnde poſtquam Luna, peracto orbe, redit in M, aëris <lb></lb>tractus, cui admixtus eſt eductus humor, per MI, aliaſque ductas à centro <lb></lb>M, propior eſt Lunæ, quàm terræ; vnde in Lunam gravitat, & cùm Lu<lb></lb>na tendat ab M in K, ad illum aëris tractum ipſa accedit; ac proinde ma<lb></lb>ximam educti humoris partem colligit; immò Luna exiſtente in K, Sol fe<lb></lb>rè lineæ AS reſpondet, vnde ille aëris tractus inter MK, cui eductus hu<lb></lb>mor admixtus eſt, majori ex parte intra vmbram à Luna projectam jacet, <lb></lb>vnde ſtatim addenſatur humor, & in ipſam Lunam deſcendit: Idem dico <lb></lb>de Luna poſita in altera Quadratura R ; humor enim educitur per RT, <lb></lb>aliaſque rectas ex centro R directas; cùm autem Lunæ motus ſit ab R in <lb></lb>L, humor per RT eductus recedit ab vmbra projecta ab vtroque globo; <lb></lb>vnde parum omninò denſatur ; igitur etiam ſi terræ propior ſit, quàm Lu<lb></lb>næ, non tamen inde gravitatio creſcit; igitur neque preſſio; igitur nec <lb></lb>æſtus: igitur inde conveniens; ni fallor, ratio redditur, cur plus humoris <pb pagenum="114" xlink:href="025/01/118.jpg"></pb>Luna communicet corporibus ſublunaribus, in Plenilunio; longè minùs <lb></lb>in Quadraturis; in Novilunio demum minùs quidem quam in Plenilunio, <lb></lb>plus verò quam in Quadraturis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001315"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ſanè mihi ſummopere placent; volvo tamen in mente <lb></lb>nonnihil difficilè. </s> <s id="s.001316">Fingamus enim Lunam in L, vaporemque eductum <lb></lb>attolli ſecundùm altitudinem LE, quem vocemus radium Atmoſphæræ <lb></lb>Lunaris; erit prædictæ Atmoſphæræ Hemiſphærium BED; & in toto <lb></lb>illo orbe LMKR, æquale Hemiſphærium, vt HGI, QNO, TVX fin<lb></lb>gendum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001317">In Novilunio verò, Hemiſphærium Atmoſphæræ Lunaris <lb></lb>erit QPO, & in orbe illo diurno, TSX, BCD, HFI, in Quadratura <lb></lb>verò M, erit GIF, PQN, SXV, CDE, denique in Quadratura R, erit <lb></lb>STV, CBE, GHF, PON. </s> <s id="s.001318">Vnde ſequitur meo judicio, æqualem <lb></lb>ſemper eſſe humoris educti copiam circumfuſam, ac proinde æqualem <lb></lb>gravitationem & preſſionem; igitur æqualem æſtum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001319"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001320"> Fateor vltro æqualem ferè ſemper eſſe portionem humoris Lu<lb></lb>naris educti, admixtique aëris tractui intra Atmoſphæram orbitæ Lunaris <lb></lb>contenti, ſed hic parum denſatur, ac proinde vix gravior evadit, niſi intra <lb></lb>vmbras ab alterutro globo projectas immergatur; neque hoc ſufficit, niſi <lb></lb>gravior factus propior terræ ſit, quàm Lunæ; hoc autem circa Plenilunium <lb></lb>fieri conſtat, in quo ſcilicet vmbra terræ projicitur quaſi directè versùs Lu<lb></lb>nam; vnde magna humoris educti copia in dictam vmbram immergitur, <lb></lb>ac proinde denſatur, & gravior evadit; Lunâ autem recedente ab L, ver<lb></lb>sùs M, & K, humor ille tandem propior terræ fit: quid mirum igitur, ſi <lb></lb>aër, cui admixtus eſt magis in terram gravitet? </s> <s id="s.001322">Idem dico de Novilunio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001323">Vbi enim Luna ex K Novilunij puncto pervenit per R in L, Sol ferè li<lb></lb>neæ EC reſpondet, vnde vtraque vmbra tum Lunæ, tum terræ projicitur <lb></lb>in illum aëris tractum, qui eſt circa P, & cui eductus humor admixtus eſt; <lb></lb>hinc valdè denſatur & gravior fit, & cùm ſit propior terræ, verſus illam <lb></lb>tendit, deſcenditque infra dirimentem: Si autem Luna ponatur in Quadra<lb></lb>tura M, vmbræ Lunæ ille aëris tractus, qui eſt inter IO, & cui humor <lb></lb>eductus admixtus eſt, ſtatim diuque immergitur, vt patet; ſive vmbra pro<lb></lb>jecta ſit à Luna, Sole poſito inter QT, & Luna inter OI, ſive ab ipſa <lb></lb>terra, Sole ſito paulò vltra R & Luna in K ; hinc denſatur & gravior fit, & <lb></lb>cùm Luna tunc fit propior, in eam gravitat & tendit. </s> <s id="s.001324">Denique ſi Luna <lb></lb>ponatur in Quadratura R, ille aëris tractus, cui humor eductus admixtus <lb></lb>eſt, vmbræ terræ immergitur, quando Sol pervenit ferè in M ; Sed tunc Lu<lb></lb>na eſt circa K, igitur vicinior, igitur in Lunam gravitat; pari modo, So<lb></lb>le poſito inter IO, Luna verò inter QT, immergitur in vmbram Lu<lb></lb>næ; ſed tunc etiam gravitat in Lunam, cui propior eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001325"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001326"> Rem hanc probè intelligo, & nihil clarius eſſe videtur; duo <lb></lb>tantùm ex te ſcire velim, immò tria; primum eſt, vtrùm Sol æquali<lb></lb>ter agat in illud Hemiſphærium Lunæ, quod illuſtrat, v.g.in BED, quan<lb></lb>do eſt Plenilunium; Secundum eſt, quid tandem fiat de humore illo ex <lb></lb>Luna educto, terriſque illapſo. </s> <s id="s.001327">Tertium vtrùm ipſo Plenilunij die ſit ma<lb></lb>ximus æſtus, an paulò ante, ſeu poſt Oppoſitionis momentum. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="115" xlink:href="025/01/119.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001328"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001329"> Ab hoc vltimo incipiam, in quo licèt varij ſint ij Autores, qui <lb></lb>de hoc argumento ſcripſerunt, quorum aliqui maximam vim æſtus die 17. <lb></lb>Lunæ fieri volunt, quos arguit manifeſta experientia; dico tamen etiam <lb></lb>iuxta præmiſſam hypotheſim, in qua totam ſuperficiem globi aqueam eſſe <lb></lb>ſupponimus, maximam vim æſtus, ſeu quod idem eſt, aquarum elevatio<lb></lb>nem, non fieri vbique in ipſo Oppoſitionis, ſeu Plenilunij puncto; ſed tan<lb></lb>tùm in illo Meridiano, ſub quo fit oppoſitio, vel Plenilunium, idque per ſe, <lb></lb>& in præfata hypotheſi ; nam ratione ſitus, accidere poteſt, vt iis omnibus, <lb></lb>qui ſub eodem Meridiano ſunt, eodem momento maximus æſtus non fiat, <lb></lb>de quo infra; dixi etiam per ſe; nam per accidens ſecus erit, vt ſi ex ortiva <lb></lb>diſci Lunaris parte, plus humoris educatur, quàm ex occidua: & verò ſi <lb></lb>maculæ Lunares aquæ ſunt, quanquam diverſæ à noſtris, & ſine piſcibus, <lb></lb>& virtute aliqua ſeminali, in parte ortiva longè plures & majores ſunt; <lb></lb>Vnde ſequitur plus humoris educi paulò poſt Plenilunium, quàm ante; <lb></lb>quia Sol magis directè in eam partem Lunaris diſci agit, cui plus humoris <lb></lb>educendi ineſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001330"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001331"> Ni fallor, apud aliquos Autores legi maximam vim <lb></lb>æſtus vno vel altero die, poſt Plenilunium eſſe; quod rectè in hanc rem <lb></lb>Quadraret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001332"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001333"> Legiſti haud dubiè; nam ad Diepam & alibi, vt Furnerius obſer<lb></lb>vat, ſummum incrementum eſt Die 17. Lunæ, biduo ſcilicet poſt Plenilu<lb></lb>nij punctum; idem teſtatur Creſcentius lib. 3. Nautic. cap.2. idem Plin. <lb></lb>lib.2. cap.97. vbi habet, maximè fervere æſtum, non in plena, aut noviſſi<lb></lb>ma, ſed poſtea: alibi tamen, vt in ora Gallica, teſte Scaligero, exercit.52. <lb></lb>cui ſubſcripſit Furnerius lib.9.cap.21.in ipſo Plenilunio maximè attollitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001334">Itaque ex diverſo ſitu, hæc diverſitas procedit; in præmiſſa tamen hypo<lb></lb>theſi, eductoque vniformiter & æqualiter humore ex globo Lunari, ma<lb></lb>ximus æſtus fieret ſub illo Meridiano, in quo fit Oppoſitio; in aliis verò <lb></lb>punctis citiùs vel tardiùs; ortiva ſcilicet intra Quadrantem citiùs, occidua <lb></lb>verò tardiùs: ex illa verò hypotheſi macularum Lunæ, quam tamen non <lb></lb>adſtruo, haud dubiè maximus æſtus fieret poſt Plenilunium, ob rationem <lb></lb>allatam. </s> <s id="s.001335">Sed jam ad ſecundum tuum poſtulatum reſpondeo, mi Auguſti<lb></lb>ne, ſcilicet humorem illum, & facilè admiſceri noſtris elementis, & facilè <lb></lb>ex iis educi; nec enim cum iis mixtum quodpiam componit: ac proinde non <lb></lb>mirum, ſi vt facilè educitur, atque avolat, ita facilè in Lunam redeat, <lb></lb>cùm ſcilicet immergitur in vmbram, ſive à terreſtri, ſive à Lunari globo <lb></lb>projectam, & eſt propior Lunæ, quàm terræ; in quo, meo judicio, nulla <lb></lb>eſt difficultas, nec eſt quod aliquis timeat, ne hic vapor in nubes concre<lb></lb>ſcat quia nubes contexi non poſſunt niſi ex halitu heterogeneo; hic autem <lb></lb>Lunatis vapor totus eſt Homogeneus. </s> <s id="s.001336">Quod verò pertinet ad primum quæ<lb></lb>ſitum, dico Solem in eam globi Lunaris ſectionem, ſeu portionem in quam <lb></lb>radij magis directi incidunt, fortiùs agere; v. g. plus agit in arcum EY, <lb></lb>quàm in YD, ita vt actio Solis in EY, ſit ad actionem in YD, vt Sinus re<lb></lb>ctus EY id eſt LB, ad BD Sinum verſum arcus YD; & hoc in ipſa ſe<lb></lb>ctione Lunæ; ſi enim accipiatur ſuperficies, actio in EY eſt ad actionem <pb pagenum="116" xlink:href="025/01/120.jpg"></pb>in YD, in ratione compoſita, ex ratione Quadrati ab ad differentiam <lb></lb>Quadrati BD & ex permutata Quadrati ſub chorda arcus EY ad differen<lb></lb>tiam Quadrati ſub chorda arcus ED, vel ex ratione Quadrati LB, ad Qua<lb></lb>dratum bD, plus bis rectangulum ſub LbD, ſeu ad rectangulum ſub bD, <lb></lb>& aD, & Lc. ad cE &c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001337"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001338"> Non intelligo hæc Geometrica, tam enim jejunè illa pro<lb></lb>ponis; cùm tamèn abſtruſas demonſtrationes contineant; vix ea curtim & <lb></lb>raptim indicata potiùs quàm expoſita quiſquam mente capiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001339"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001340"> Suppono ea, quæ jam aliàs demonſtravi, ſcilicet circulum ſub <lb></lb>radio, æquali chordæ, æqualem eſſe portioni ſuperficiei Sphæræ, quam <lb></lb>metitur, vel gignit arcus, cujus eſt chorda, v. g. ſi accipiatur circulus ſub <lb></lb>radio æquali chordæ ſubtenſæ arcui EY, erit æqualis portioni ſuperficiei <lb></lb>Sphæræ, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> metitur, vel gignit arcus EY revolutus ſcilicet circa axem EC, <lb></lb>hinc chorda ſubtenſa arcui ED eſt æqualis radio circuli æqualis ſuperficiei <lb></lb>Hemiſphærij; demonſtratum eſt item, portionem ſuperficiei genitæ ab arcu <lb></lb>YE eſſe ad genitam ab arcu YD, vt Ec, ad cL; præterea lumina inci<lb></lb>dentia, per parallelas, ſunt vt baſes, ſi conſiderentur in ſe; ſi verò conſi<lb></lb>derentur in ſubjecto, id eſt in diverſa ſuperficie, cui incidunt, ſi ſint <lb></lb>æqualia lumina, erunt in ſubjecto, vt ſuperficies illuſtratæ permutando; v. <lb></lb>g. ſi eadem vis, ſeu quantitas luminis, (ſic enim vocare liceat) incidat in <lb></lb>ſuperficiem duplam alterius, erit lumen, vel luminis intenſio ſuperficiei <lb></lb>duplæ ad aliam, vt 1.ad 2. Si verò ſuperficies ſunt æquales, ſed lumina inæ<lb></lb>qualia, erunt intenſiones, vt ipſa lumina; ſi demum & ſuperficies inæqua<lb></lb>les ſunt, erunt intenſiones in ratione compoſita luminum & ſuperficierum <lb></lb>permutando; jam applica. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001341"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001342"> Satis eſt, probe intelligo; inde autem conſtat, quod jam <lb></lb>ſubindicare viſus es, vim Solis potiſſimum effectum habere circa Polum <lb></lb>Hemiſphærij Lunaris ab eo illuſtrati, v. g. circa E, intra arcum Zy, vltra <lb></lb>verò versùs B & D parum valet; hinc etiam ſimilis ratio ducitur, cur Sol <lb></lb>Oriens vel Occidens, terræ ſuperficiem parum afficiat, plus verò de meri<lb></lb>die, plus demum, quò Sol propiùs ad punctum verticale accedit; hinc vis <lb></lb>debilior radij obliqui, non tantùm à radij reflexi carentia petenda eſt; vt <lb></lb>aliqui faciunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001343"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001344"> Ex iis, quæ dicis, Antime, ſequeretur Lunaris diſci, vel <lb></lb>Hemiſphærij extremitates, minùs ſplendidas & illuſtratas videri; nul<lb></lb>lum tamen ego diſcrimen obſervo; oculis autem meis magis credo, quàm <lb></lb>veſtris demonſtrationibus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001345"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001346"> Demonſtratio, Chryſocome, nunquam fallit, nec fallere poteſt <lb></lb>ſtatue igitur oculum in A; Lunam, licèt Sphærica ſit, vt planum diſcum <lb></lb>aſpicis, cujus diameter eſt BD, paulò minor; & Ba, ſegmentum ſcilicet <lb></lb>apparentis Semidiametri, vides ſub angulo BAa; aL verò ſub angulo <lb></lb>aAL; ſed ob parvitatem anguli BAL, qui vix eſt 16.minutorum, anguli <lb></lb>ſub quibus videntur ſegmenta aB, aL, ſunt vt ipſa ſegmenta; igitur tanta <lb></lb>lux videtur in aB quanta in aL; quia in eadem ratione videtur contra<lb></lb>ctior, in qua primùm incidit diſtractior; vt enim rem in plano tantùm, <pb pagenum="117" xlink:href="025/01/121.jpg"></pb>ſeu ſectione lucis conſideremus, & ſupponamus lineam Aa, pro<lb></lb>pter diſtantiam ſecare arcum EB in Z, cùm lux incidens in ſe<lb></lb>gmentum aB, & incidens in ſegmentum aL, ſit æquè intenſa; inci<lb></lb>dentis verò in BZ intenſio; ſit ad intenſionem incidentis in ZE, vt <lb></lb>aB, ad al, & cùm tota incidens in ZB, videatur contracta in aB; <lb></lb>haud dubiè æquè intenſa videbitur; & perinde atque ſi reverà incideret in <lb></lb>rectam Bl: ſecus autem accideret, ſi in arcum BZ directè radij viſuales <lb></lb>inciderent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001347"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc fusiùs, quàm par ſit exponis; fingo ego radios ab arcu <lb></lb>BZ profectos, à recta Ba proficiſci; vnde opticè transfertur totum, id <lb></lb>quod ineſt BZ, in rectam Ba; ſed in BZ tota illa luminis quantitas vi<lb></lb>detur, quæ, ſi radij liberum tranſitum nacti eſſent, ipſi Ba incidiſſet; ſcio, <lb></lb>ex his multa optica, eaque præclara deduci, v.g. cur flamma procul ſpe<lb></lb>ctata minùs candida appareat; cur Mars, dum minor apparet, candidior <lb></lb>ſit; aliaque hujuſmodi, quæ ad Opticam ac præſertim rem colorum perti<lb></lb>nent; ſed his omiſſis, vt ad rem noſtram veniam, quæro à te, vtrùm reverà <lb></lb>in Novilunio major æſtus ſit, quàm in Plenilunio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001348"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001349"> Quibuſdam in locis major eſſe dicitur in Novilunio; ſecus ve<lb></lb>rò in aliis, idque vt plurimùm in Plenilunio; quod vel ex majore humoris <lb></lb>affuſi copia rectè deducitur: & verò iuxta præmiſſam hypotheſim, nihil ſu<lb></lb>per hoc definiri poteſt, niſi fortè ex ſuperiore averſoque Lunæ Hemiſphæ<lb></lb>rio, plùs vel minùs humoris educatur; minùs autem educi videtur, tum <lb></lb>quia minùs terris affunditur, tum quia ex libratione Lunæ apparet, gran<lb></lb>diores maculas in averſo Hemiſphærio non eſſe; cùm demum ex fideliſſimâ <lb></lb>omnium peritorum artis nauticæ relatione, maxima vis æſtus in Plenilu<lb></lb>nio eſſe dicatur, his, meo ſaltem judicio ſtandum eſt, quod reverà ſi ſuppo<lb></lb>natur, ad præmiſſa principia facilè reducitur: ſed expectabam, Auguſtine, <lb></lb>vt quædam fortè ſingularia ex iis, quæ diximus, pro ea qua vales ingenij <lb></lb>ſagacitate deduceres. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001350"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001351"> Multa quidem animo volvi atque revolvi, ſed vix temerè me <lb></lb>committere auſus ſum, ne theſes meas ludibrio exponerem; non dubito ta<lb></lb>men, cùm hæc dicas, quin aliquid occurrat tibi ſcitu dignum, quapropter <lb></lb>te etiam atque etiam rogo, vt nobis illud participare digneris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001352"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001353"> Illud ſanè te minimè effugiſſet; ſed ad meas nugas non <lb></lb>adeò ſedulò mentem applicas, quin circa alia longè fortè graviora <lb></lb>verſeris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001354"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001355"> Non ita res profectò ſe habet, ſed cùm res iſtæ tuæ novæ mi<lb></lb>hi accidant, vix eas primò intuitu mente complector; quomodò igitur, <lb></lb>quid ex iis neceſſaria conſecutione ſequatur, videre poſſem? </s> <s id="s.001356">Monſtra quæſo <lb></lb>viam; <gap></gap> præ illico ſequar. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001357"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001358"> Illud inprimis ſequi videtur, aëra ſcilicet infimæ hujus regionis <lb></lb>eſſe compreſſum vi ponderis innitentis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001359"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001360"> Quodnam pondus intelligis? </s> <s id="s.001361">An fortè Carteſij ſententiam <lb></lb>adſtruis, qúi volebat à præter labente Luna aëra terram inter & Lunam in<lb></lb>terjectum comprimi? </s> </p> <pb pagenum="118" xlink:href="025/01/122.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001362"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001363"> Abſit, vt hoc dicam; licet enim fortè tantula compreſſio in Lunari <lb></lb>Atmoſphæra fiat, non tamen ad nos vſque <expan abbr="extẽditur">extenditur</expan>, vt videre eſt in explo<lb></lb>ſione majoris bombardæ, ex qua circumfuſi aëris compreſſio ſequitur, quæ <lb></lb>tamen ad modicam diſtantiam producitur; intelligo igitur de ipſius aëris <lb></lb>pondere; vt enim aquæ pondus aëra in fontibus illis artefactis, quos ſæpè <lb></lb>videritis, contentum, comprimit, quidni pondus ſuperioris aëris alium <lb></lb>comprimat? </s> <s id="s.001364">cogita Cylindrum plumbeum tantæ altitudinis, quanta opus <lb></lb>eſt, vt tanti ponderis vi, versùs baſim ſubſidat, ac dilatetur; multò magis <lb></lb>ſi columnam ceream, vel ex butyro, aut charta erectam, maximæ ſcilicet <lb></lb>altitudinis tibi ante oculos ponas; ſubſidet enim pars inferior, quanquam <lb></lb>inæqualiter, erunt enim preſſiones, vt altitudines, nimirum vt pondera; <lb></lb>quidni ergo aër, qui certè dilatari nequit, vt butyrum, nec enim locus eſt, <lb></lb>ſed tantùm comprimi, innitentis ponderis vi comprimatur? </s> <s id="s.001365">cùm perinde <lb></lb>ſit, ex quacumque tandem materia pondus conſtet, & mille aëris libræ eun<lb></lb>dem effectum gravitando habeant, quem totidem aquæ, vel alterius mate<lb></lb>riæ libræ haberent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001366"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001367"> Sentiremus haud dubiè ingens illud pondus, nec ferendo pa<lb></lb>res eſſemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001368"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001369"> An fortè ſentiunt vrinatores immerſi ingens aquæ pondus <lb></lb>illorum capiti ſuperfuſum? </s> <s id="s.001370">Minimè verò; immò ſentire non debent, cùm <lb></lb>præcipuus corporis gravitantis, liquidi ſcilicet, effectus ſit corpus <lb></lb>ſubjectum levius non deorſum, at ſurſum extrudere; ſic aqua in li<lb></lb>gnum immerſum gravitat; equidem aqua in fundum vaſis lignei gravitat, <lb></lb>deorſumque pellit, ſi aër ſubtus eſt, vt patet, & ſimile pondus aquæ, ma<lb></lb>nus foramini in fundo dicti vaſis appoſita ſentiret, modò manus foramen <lb></lb>adæquaret: at ſi lignum vel corpus levius aquæ immergatur, in id aqua <lb></lb>ita gravitat, vt illud ſurſum extrudat, non verò deprimat deorſum; ſi ve<lb></lb>rò ſit gravius aqua, ex parte ſaltem illud ſuſtentat, vnde appenſum in <lb></lb>aqua, minùs illius pondus ſentitur: ab illo igitur periculo immunes ſumus, <lb></lb>nec timendum nobis eſt, ne ab aëre obruamur: at ni fallor, ex præmiſſa <lb></lb>gravitatione longè latéque aëris ſuperfuſi, ſequitur egregium illud experi<lb></lb>mentum Mercurij in tubo vitreo contenti, & immerſa alterius illius ex<lb></lb>tremitate, in ſubjectum Mercurium, ſcutella contentum; ſuſtinetur enim ad <lb></lb>duos pedes altitudinis paulò plus reliquo tubo vacuo prorſus manente, ab <lb></lb>aëris gravitantis Cylindro. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001371"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001372"> De hoc argumento in hoc congreſſu agere non poſſumus, cùm <lb></lb>ſufficiens alterius materia eſſe queat; in quo præclariſſima & ſanè mirifica <lb></lb>phænomena explicabimus & demonſtrabimus, quæ tum ab aliis, tum <lb></lb>à nobis explorata fuerunt; illud vnum vel obiter indicaſſe ſufficiat, ſcilicet <lb></lb>experimentum illud nullo modo cum à te præmiſſa hypotheſi conſentire; <lb></lb>quod ni fallor perſpicuè demonſtro. </s> <s id="s.001373">Sit enim diſtantia Lunæ à terra 50. <lb></lb>Semidiametrorum terræ & Semidiameter terræ iuxta vulgarem calculum <lb></lb>ſit paſſuum Geometricorum 3436363. quem numerum ſi ducas in 25. <lb></lb>quæ eſt ſemidiſtantia à terra ſcilicet ad lineam dirimentem, de qua ſupra <lb></lb>venient 86909075. paſſus, hæc eſt altitudo aëris gravitantis ; ſi autem <pb pagenum="119" xlink:href="025/01/123.jpg"></pb>hunc numerum ducas in 5. venient 434544375 pedes; iam demus, aquæ <lb></lb>gravitatem eſſe ad gravitatem aëris non vt 400.ad 1.vt non nemo voluit, <lb></lb>ſed vt 1000. ad 1. dividatur vltimus numerus per 1000. quotiens veniet <lb></lb>rejecta minutia, 434544. igitur Cylindrus aëris prædictæ altitudinis adæ<lb></lb>quabit pondere Cylindrum aquæ altum pedes 434544. Sit autem aqua ad <lb></lb>Mercurium, ad ſummum, vt 1.ad 15. prædictus Cylindrus aëris adæquabit <lb></lb>pondere Cylindrum Mercurij altum pedes 28969. quomodo igitur, duos <lb></lb>tantum pedes altum adæquat & ſuſtinet? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001374"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001375"> Rectè omnino; hoc enim confirmat illorum ſententiam, <lb></lb>qui volunt Mercurium ſuſtineri ab aëre compreſſo, cuius vis tanta eſt, vt <lb></lb>Mercurij Cylindrum 2.pedes altum adæquet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001376"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001377"> Hoc etiam dici non poteſt, cùm enim aëris compreſſi vis per <lb></lb>Cylindres æqualibus baſibus non exeratur, ſicuti exeritur vis aëris gravi<lb></lb>tantis, certè quo major eſſet baſis tubi vitrei, eo minor eſſe deberet altitudo <lb></lb>Mercurij ab aëre compreſſo ſuſtentati; alia igitur ratio eſt & cauſa, quæ di<lb></lb>ctum Mercurium ſuſtinet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001378"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001379"> Maxima igitur aëris noſtri compreſſio eſſet ab illa imma<lb></lb>nis ponderis vi proveniens, ac proinde vix nobis toleranda; & vereor, vt <lb></lb>per illam reſpirare, vt aiunt, aut ducere anhelitum liceret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001380"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001381"> Modica prorſus illa vis eſt; & jam olim Galileus, pro ſummo, <lb></lb>quo pollebat, ingenio, obſervavit vim percuſſionis infinitam propemo<lb></lb>dùm rationem habere ad vim gravitationis ; quod facilè probabis, vel vni<lb></lb>co ictu mallei, in glandem plumbeam impacti; illa enim ictus vi depreſſa <lb></lb>ita dilatatur, vt ſimilis effectus vix ab immani ponderis gravitantis mole <lb></lb>obtineri poſſit; omitto rationes phyſicas, alioquin pulcherimas, ne à pro<lb></lb>poſito fine longiùs declinem; admitto igitur inferiorem aëris tractum pau<lb></lb>lò compreſſiorem eſſe, ac proinde parùm admodùm aut certè nihil ducen<lb></lb>do anhelitui obeſſe: licèt enim Thorax inde paulò difficiliùs explicetur, <lb></lb>nonnihil tamen compenſationis ex eo fieri videtur, quod intra pulmones <lb></lb>explicatos faciliùs adducatur, cùm jam ſponte ſua eò tendat, tum ratione <lb></lb>gravitationis, tum ratione compreſſionis, pari modo licèt aëris expulſio<lb></lb>ni præfata compreſſio tantulum obſit, reſiſtit enim aër compreſſus; aliun<lb></lb>de tamen aër compreſſus ambiens thoracem, ejuſdem contractionem ju<lb></lb>vat; hinc etiam aliqua fit compenſatio: prætereà eſto, aër compreſſus tan<lb></lb>tulum impediat præfatam naturæ functionem; alia pariter alias impediunt; <lb></lb>hinc motu ipſo defatigamur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001382"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Iam mihi venit in mentem illud Plinij dictum, lib.2.cap.98. <lb></lb>ex Ariſtotele, nullum ſcilicet animal, niſi æſtu recedente expirare; quod <lb></lb>inter fabulas referebam; nunc verò hujus dicti aliqua ratio affulget; nem<lb></lb>pe cùm accedente æſtu ſit minor aëris gravitatio, ac proinde minor illius <lb></lb>preſſio; contrà verò recedente; inde fit, reſpirationem faciliorem eſſe, ac<lb></lb>ceſſus, quàm receſſus tempore; cùm autem moribundi tantùm non vi<lb></lb>vant, & reſpirandi poteſtas in iis tantùm non extincta ſit; accedente mi<lb></lb>nimo illo impedimento, quod à compreſſione aëris provenit, eo tempore, <lb></lb>ſaltem vt plurimùm, vitæ ſimul & anhelitus filum rumpitur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="120" xlink:href="025/01/124.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001383"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001384"> Nihil potuit meliùs applicari, & facilè crediderim ex hac do<lb></lb>ctrina, non pauca Medicos in rem ſuam derivare poſſe in prædicendo ægro<lb></lb>rum animam agentium tranſitu. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001385"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001386"> Vnum eſt, ne quid diſſimulem, à me lectum, apud celeberri<lb></lb>mum illum Hydrographiæ ſcriptorem Furnerium lib.9.cap.1.plus humo<lb></lb>ris ſcilicet ineſſe corporibus eo tempore, quo mare per æſtum intumeſcit; <lb></lb>minùs verò tempore refluxus, vt vocant; illud autem, ita mihi difficilè vi<lb></lb>detur, vt huic nodo ſolvendo impar ſim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001387"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001388"> Ex præmiſſis principiis non adeò difficilè mihi videtur; <lb></lb>cùm enim maximus æſtus ſit in Plenilunio, & tunc multus humor Lunari <lb></lb>effluvio terris affundatur; quid mirum, ſi quo tempore maximus æſtus eſt, <lb></lb>corpora multo humore abundent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001389"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001390"> Propoſitæ à me difficultatis vim non capis; nec enim agi<lb></lb>tur de ipſo æſtu Plenilunij, ſed de quolibet alio. </s> <s id="s.001391">Et verò in Plenilunio fit <lb></lb>refluxus, quo tempore minùs humoris corporibus ineſt, & in Quadratu<lb></lb>ris etiam fit æſtus; & tunc corporibus multus humor ineſt: ſi nobis non <lb></lb>ſuccurras, Antime, animum deſpondeo; niſi fortè rem ipſam in dubium <lb></lb>voces. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001392"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001393"> In dubium revocanda non eſt; is enim non eſt Furnerius, qui <lb></lb>aliis imponat; & verò miror à vobis non videri, ex præmiſſis principiis <lb></lb>hoc ipſum ſequi: nempe in eo loco, in quo fit æſtus, aër minùs compreſ<lb></lb>ſus eſt, quia minùs gravitat, vt jam diximus, nec repetendum eſſe du<lb></lb>xerim, ſi autem eſt minùs compreſſus, minùs gravis eſt, vt patet ex <lb></lb>terminis; corpus enim denſum ſeu compreſſum gravius evadit; igi<lb></lb>tur Lunatis ille humor admixtus difficiliùs, aut tardius aſcendit; <lb></lb>quo enim medium gravius eſt, corpus leve eò faciliùs ſurſum ex<lb></lb>truditur; at verò tempore refluxus aër magis gravitat, in eum ſci<lb></lb>licet tractum, in quo refluxus eſt, igitur aër compreſſior gravior <lb></lb>evadit; quid mirum igitur, ſi Lunaris humor ſurſum faciliùs extrudatur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001394">igitur tempore æſtus ſeu fluxus plus humoris ineſt, minùs verò, tempore <lb></lb>refluxus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001395"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001396"> Libenter mihi ſuccenſerem, qui rem ob oculos poſitam non <lb></lb>viderim; illud ſaltem video ex dictis conſtare, quæ & quanta ſit Lunæ <lb></lb>vis in corpora ſublunaria; multi enim effectus, in ægris præſertim corpo<lb></lb>ribus obſervantut, qui à celeberrimis Medicis Galenum ſecutis Lunæ tri<lb></lb>buuntur; quid porrò Luna conferat, non vt cauſa, ſed vt ſubjectum & oc<lb></lb>caſio, patet ex dictis hucuſque; ſc licet majorem vel minorem humoris <lb></lb>vim, majorem item vel minorem aëris compreſſionem, gravitatem, levita<lb></lb>tem, gravitationem; quid etiam in malè affectis corporibus cuncta hæc <lb></lb>præſtare poſſint nemo non videt; quid ad hæc diverſi Lunæ aſpectus, im<lb></lb>mò & fortè diverſus Lunarium macularum ſitus, ſi fortè vt nonnullis vi<lb></lb>ſum eſt, aqua ſit, à noſtra tamen diverſa; quid denique deliquium Solis <lb></lb>vel Lunæ conferat ad diverſas in ſublunaribus corporibus mutationes; im<lb></lb>mò quid conus vmbræ ab vtroque globo projectæ, pro vario ſitu; nempe <lb></lb>vapor Lunatis immerſus vmbræ, denſatur & gravior evadit, ferturque <pb pagenum="121" xlink:href="025/01/125.jpg"></pb>versùs illud centrum, cui propior eſt; accedit, quòd ex Luna vmbræ im<lb></lb>merſa vapor non educitur, vnde nova in ſiccitatis aut humoris vi muta<lb></lb>tio ſequitur, immò & minor æſtus diebus, qui deinde ſequuntur; quia ſci<lb></lb>licet totus ille humor deſideratur, qui toto Lunaris deliquij tempore So<lb></lb>lis vi eductus fuiſſet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001397"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001398"> Vnum omittis, quod certè dignum ſcitu eſt; ſit enim lagenula <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.125.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/125/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quæpiam A, ex cuius ventre aſſurgat ſurſum <lb></lb>canaliculus GF ad inſtar roſtri; impleatur aqua <lb></lb>ſit què ſuprema ſuperficies aquæ BC, per cana<lb></lb>liculum aſturgit ſupra libellam CD ; an fortè eo <lb></lb>tempore, quo tumet æſtus, id eſt, quo Luna eſt <lb></lb>in Meridiano; minùs aſſurgit <gap></gap> puta in E; plus <lb></lb>verò, puta in F, eo tempore quo à Meridiano 90. <lb></lb>gradibus diſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001399"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001400"> Rem magnam narras, Antime; ſed fortè fabulam narras, <lb></lb>cuipiam haud abſimilis, qui aquam Marinam in canaliculo contentam flu<lb></lb>xum & refluxum pati aſſerebat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001401"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001402"> Seriò loquor, in his enim religioni ducerem, tibi aliiſque tui <lb></lb>ſimilibus imponere: ſed miror à te non videri; totum hoc ex præmiſſa do<lb></lb>ctrina ſequi; nempe aër in hoc infimo tractu compreſſus, vt dixi, premit <lb></lb>ſuperficiem aquæ BC ; ſed cùm ſuperficiem D minùs premat, quid mirum, <lb></lb>ſi preſſio in BC prævaleat? </s> <s id="s.001403">Minùs autem premitur ſuperficies D, quàm <lb></lb>CF; quia compreſſum corpus exerit ſuam vim quoquo versùm per om<lb></lb>nes lineas, v.g. centrum baſis BC, aër ſuperfuſus per omnes lineas premit, <lb></lb>contentas intra conum maximè obtuſum, & baſim D, per lineas contentas <lb></lb>intra conum valdè acutum; quid mirum igitur, ſi preſſio in BC ſuperet <lb></lb>preſſionem in D, ac proinde aqua aſſurgat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001404"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001405"> Nunquid hoc tribui non poſſet Cylindro aëris gravitanti <lb></lb>in baſim BC, qui longè gravior eſt Cylindro gravitante in baſim D ; ſunt <lb></lb>enim Cylindri ; vt baſes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001406"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001407"> Nullo modo, nempe ſi habeatur ratio gravitatior. </s> <s id="s.001408">is, non <lb></lb>aſcendit aqua ſupra D ; quia gravitatio in perpendicularibus parallelis <lb></lb>accipienda eſt; neque in hoc vlla eſt difficultas; cum ſit primum quaſi <lb></lb>principium Hydraulicæ, aquarum <expan abbr="cõſiſtentium">conſiſtentium</expan> ſuperficies eſſe ad libellam; <lb></lb>attenta ſcilicet dumtaxat aquæ gravitate, ſecus tamen res ſe habet, ſi am<lb></lb>bientis preſſio accedat; in hoc quippe gravitatio à preſſione diſfert, quod <lb></lb>hæc in Sphæram agat; ac proinde in idem punctum preſſæ ſuperficiei per <lb></lb>lineas infinitas ad illud idem punctum terminatas, illa verò per lineas <lb></lb>parallelas deorſum; ac proinde in idem punctum ſuperficiei vna tantùm <lb></lb>linea gravitationis cadat; vnde ratio petitur propter quam Cylindrus <lb></lb>major aquæ BG attollere minorem GD ſupra D non poſſit. </s> <s id="s.001409">Porrò ex te <lb></lb>ſcire velim, Antimo, vtrùm in refluxu aqua altiùs aſſurgat quam in fluxu <lb></lb>per canaliculum GF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001410"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001411"> Omnia ferè complecti viſus es, & ſingularem aëris compreſſi <lb></lb>effectum perſpicuè diſtinxiſti ab ipſo niſu gravitationis ; ſi vel vnum ver-<pb pagenum="122" xlink:href="025/01/126.jpg"></pb>bulum addidiſſes, perfecta & abſoluta explicatio fuiſſet; verbo igitur di<lb></lb>co; aër in æſtu ſeu fluxu eſt minùs compreſſus; in refluxu verò compreſ<lb></lb>ſior; quid mirum ergo fi compreſſior majorem vim & niſum exerat, & <lb></lb>fortè attollat aquam in F ; minùs verò compreſſus in E; dixi fortè; quia <lb></lb>nondum periculum feci; faciam tamen brevi; quanquam ſi res non ſuc<lb></lb>cedat, non propterea phyſica ratio deerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001412"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001413"> Igitur pariter in Plenilunio altiùs aſſurget aqua; quia tunc <lb></lb>aër gravior eſt; igitur compreſſior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001414"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001415"> Gravior eſt, vltrò concedo, quia multus humor admixtus; igi<lb></lb>tur compreſſior, nego conſequentiam; quia illud non comprimitur, ra<lb></lb>tione cujus gravior eſt; cùm tamen ſecus accidat, quàndo gravior eſt, ra<lb></lb>tione altioris Cylindri: Vt vt ſit, in Plenilunio differentiá altitudinis aquæ <lb></lb>obſervare non potui, ſaltem quæ ſub ſenſum cadat; ſi forte ab aliquo dein<lb></lb>ceps obſervetur, ex jactis principiis ratio in promptu eſt. </s> <s id="s.001416">Hîc autem aliud <lb></lb>experimentum omittere non poſſum, quod dictam hypotheſim æquè con<lb></lb>firmat; Sit vas ABG, cui tantulùm Mercurij inſit, cujus ſuperficies EF ; <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.126.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/126/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>fit tubus vitreus Mercurio plenus, admotoque ori digito, inverſus im<lb></lb>mergatur in Mercurium vaſe contentum; ſubducto digito, ruit cum impe<lb></lb>tu magna pars Mercurij tubo contenti, cujus tamen portio CI ſuſpenſa <lb></lb>manet; fuiſſe autem obſervatum aiunt, Luna exiſtente in Meridiano, <lb></lb>Mercurij ſuperficiem infra C deprimi: diſtante verò à Meridiano 90. grad. <lb></lb>ſupra C attolli; modica fortè vtrimque differentia; hoc experimentum, ſi <lb></lb>verum eſſet, omnino evinceret æſtus cauſam ab aliqua aëris preſſione, cui <lb></lb>Luna occaſionem præbeat, petendam eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001417"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001418"> Immò evinceret Cylindrum Mercurij ab aëre extrinſeco <lb></lb>in ſuperficiem Mercurij EI gravitante ſuſtineri, quod tamen ante negare <lb></lb>viſus es. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001419"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001420"> Crede mihi, Auguſtine, primò aſpectu ita eſſe videtur; rem <lb></lb>tamen penitiùs & accuratiùs inſpicienti ſecus eſſe videbitur; hîc tantùm <lb></lb>obiter indico; plus humoris ineſſe ſublunaribus corporibus tempore flu-<pb pagenum="123" xlink:href="025/01/127.jpg"></pb>xus, quàm refluxus, vt jam dixi ſupra, ex hoc autem hujus effectus ra<lb></lb>tio petitur, ſi tamen verus eſt, de quo aliàs. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001421"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001422"> Huc potiùs accerſerem diverſam preſſionem; hæc enim mi<lb></lb>nor eſt in fluxu, in refluxu major ; quid mirum igitur ſi in fluxu Mercurij <lb></lb>ſuperficies minùs, in refluxu altiùs ſupra C attollatur, premit enim aër <lb></lb>compreſſus ſuperficiem Mercurij EF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001423"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001424"> Vel ex hoc conjicere poteris, quàm fallax ſit vnum experimen<lb></lb>tum, & quàm facilè in errorem inducat, niſi ab aliis experimentis corri<lb></lb>gatur; conſulenda eſt igitur tota experimentorum collectio, vt error vi<lb></lb>tetur, quod maximè in hoc caſu locum habet; Si enim vas A impleas <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.127.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/127/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Mercurio, non jam vt ante aqua, aſſurgit in E <lb></lb>vel F, per canaliculum, ſed infra D ſubſidit: plu<lb></lb>ra de hoc argumento non dicam, quod reverà <lb></lb>adeò ſingulare eſt & amplum, vt ſingularem con<lb></lb>greſſum poſtulet; eò igitur vos remitto, præſer<lb></lb>tim cùm vix tempus ſuppetat ad reliqua proſe<lb></lb>quenda, quæ ad ſuſceptum de Marino æſtu argu<lb></lb>mentum pertinent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001425"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001426"> Optimè mones, in proximum congreſſum remittamus, <lb></lb>vt ea quæ reſtant de maris æſtu proſequamur; de quo, ni fallor, illa <lb></lb>omnia diligenter expoſuiſti; quæ in præmiſſa hypotheſi fierent, ſuppoſita <lb></lb>ſcilicet tota ſuperficie aquea, quæ ad diurnam & menſtruam mutationem <lb></lb>pertinent: duo reſtant, opinor, primum ad mutationem annuam ſpectat, <lb></lb>quæ fit in punctis anni cardinalibus, vt vocant, nimirum in Æquinoctiis <lb></lb>& Solſtitiis; alterum verò vt ex jactis principiis explices, varias æſtuum <lb></lb>mutationes, quæ in diverſis globi terraquei locis obſervantur; ſuppoſita <lb></lb>ſcilicet, ea globi ſuperficie, quæ modò eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001427"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc duo explicanda reſtant, fateor; primùm facilè expedio. </s> <s id="s.001428">Pri<lb></lb>mò, Luna exiſtente in Æquatore, maxima eſſet elevatio aquarum iis, qui <lb></lb>ſunt ſub Æquatore, minima ſub Polis; major autem vel minor pro majore <lb></lb>vel minore loci aſſumpti diſtantia ab Æquatore; eſſet autem diurnus æſtus <lb></lb>æqualis nocturno. </s> <s id="s.001429">Secundò, Luna exiſtente in Tropico Cancri, minor <lb></lb>eſſet æſtus, quàm ante, iis, qui ſunt ſub Æquatore; <expan abbr="quãquam">quanquam</expan> diurnus æqua<lb></lb>lis nocturno; iis verò, qui ſunt in Latitudine Boreali vltra Tropicum Can<lb></lb>cri, diurnum majorem haberent, quàm ante, minorem verò nocturnum; <lb></lb>& viciſſim ij, qui ſunt in Latitudine Auſtrali, majorem nocturnum, <expan abbr="minorẽ">minorem</expan> <lb></lb>diurnum; & permutatis vicibus, exiſtente Luna in Tropico Capricorni, iſti <lb></lb>majorem diurnum, minorem nocturnum, illi verò nocturnum majorem, <lb></lb>diurnum minorem: Porrò ad vitandam appellationum confuſionem, il<lb></lb>lum æſtum diurnum appello, qui fit die Lunari, id eſt Luna in Meridiano <lb></lb>ſupra horizontem exiſtente. </s> <s id="s.001430">Tertiò, Quod pertinet ad alia loca inter Æqua<lb></lb>torem & Tropicos ſita, ſervata proportione, æſtus major aut minor definiri <lb></lb>poteſt, vt major ſit iis diurnus æſtus, ad quorum verticem Luna propiùs <lb></lb>accedit. </s> <s id="s.001431">Quartò, Linea abſidum per centrum terræ ſemper ducitur, & cùm <pb pagenum="124" xlink:href="025/01/128.jpg"></pb>circa axèm Mundi moveri cenſeatur, Luna exiſtente in Æquatore, deſcri<lb></lb>bit planum circuli; at verò extra Æquatorem deſcribit ſuperficiem coni <lb></lb>acutioris, vel obtuſioris, pro majore vel minore Lunæ diſtantia ab Æqua<lb></lb>tore. </s> <s id="s.001432">Quintò, Maxima depreſſio in eo circulo ſemper eſt, in cujus planum, <lb></lb>& centrum, linea abſidum perpendiculariter cadit. </s> <s id="s.001433">Sextò, Diverſam quoque <lb></lb>mutationem inducere poteſt diverſus gradus caloris in aëre; nempe aër ca<lb></lb>lidior, rarior eſt & levior, frigidior verò; denſior & gravior, unde varij ef<lb></lb>fectus gravitationis, preſſionis, Lunatis humoris, motus, &c. </s> <s id="s.001434">Hinc fortè il<lb></lb>lud, quod à nonnullis adſtruitur, cum veritate conſentit; ſcilicet majores <lb></lb>cieri æſtus Luna in Aquarij Signo ſita; quia Luna in Plenilunio, in quo ma<lb></lb>jor æſtus conſideratur, ſi eſt in Aquario, Sol, cui opponitur, eſt in Leone, <lb></lb>tunc igitur maximè ardet æſtus ; aër igitur valdè calidus eſt; igitur rarus & <lb></lb>levis, vnde majore cum impreſſione, aër Superior, humorque Lunaris gra<lb></lb>vitant in inferiorem tractum; ſed hoc parum profectò, aut nihil ju<lb></lb>vat; nec cum obſervationibus conſentit; & quam vis dici poſſit, va<lb></lb>rietatem, quæ ex diverſis obſervationibus habetur, ad diverſum ter<lb></lb>ra tum tractum reduci poſſe; quia tamen non tantùm aër calidus, qui <lb></lb>ad terras proximè accedit conſideratur, nec is, qui prædicto climati re<lb></lb>ſpondet, ſed is totus quantus quantus eſt, qui versùs terræ centrum gravi<lb></lb>tat, nulla fortè inde mutatio induci videtur. </s> <s id="s.001435">Hæc ſunt, ni fallor, quæ <lb></lb>ſtando in præmiſſa hypotheſi, de mutationibus, quæ per annum fiunt in <lb></lb>Marino æſtu, dici poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.001436">Alterum reſtat, quod fortè paulò difficilioris <lb></lb>eſt operæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001437"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001438"> Duo ſuggero, quæ mihi veniunt in mentem; primum <lb></lb>eſt, inter effectus diverſæ & inæqualis gravitationis aëris, recenſeri <lb></lb>poſſe ventum illum, qui cum æſtu conjunctus eſt, levis quidem, ſenſibi<lb></lb>lis tamen, vbi ſcilicet montium obices non obſtant, nec aliæ cau<lb></lb>ſæ obſunt, ab ortu versùs occaſum, de quo dubium eſſe nequit, <lb></lb>cùm longè faciliùs navigetur versùs occaſum, quàm verſus ortum; cùm <lb></lb>enim aër, Luna in Meridiano poſita, ſit minùs preſſus, haud dubiè le<lb></lb>vior eſt; igitur ab alio, qui versùs ortum eſt, vtpote graviore extruditur; <lb></lb>accedit, quòd altior eſt aër in O, quàm in F ; (<emph type="italics"></emph><expan abbr="ſeq.">ſeque</expan> Schem.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>) igitur versùs f <lb></lb>deſcendere poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001439"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001440"> Sed cur potiùs aër, qui eſt in O, deſcendet in F, ab ortu ſcili<lb></lb>cet ad occaſum, quà is, qui eſt in N, versùs ortum; cùm eadem vtriuſque <lb></lb>ſit preſſio, gravitas, altitudo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001441"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001442"> Rem haud dubiè hoc argumento conficeres, ſi Luna <lb></lb>immota in I ſemper eſſet, ſed admiſſo illius motu versùs S aër N le<lb></lb>vius redditur, & aër O gravius; quid mirum ergo, ſi O prævaleat? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001443">Alterum fortè altioris indaginis eſſet; obiter tamen indicabo: nem<lb></lb>pe varij Autores referunt, vatias inundationes accidiſſe eo tempore, <lb></lb>quo varij Planetæ Conjuncti erant; cujus ratio ex præmiſſis facilè, <lb></lb>meo judicio, deducitur; Sit enim Luna I in principio Arietis, So<lb></lb>li conjuncta; Sint etiam Mercurius, Venus, Mars ibi conjuncti; ad-<pb pagenum="125" xlink:href="025/01/129.jpg"></pb><figure id="id.025.01.129.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/129/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>de ſis Iovem; haud dubiè linea AS ad maximam diſtantiam producendæ <lb></lb>erit, antequam incidat in aliam lineam dirimentem reſpectu alterius cu<lb></lb>juſlibet globi totalis; vnde major erit circulus maximæ preſſionis, vt ſu<lb></lb>pra vocabas, Antime; igitur major illius vis atque preſſio, igitur major <lb></lb>aquæ tumor; major igitur inundatio; vt tamen de ſingulis ſeorſim aliquid <lb></lb>definiatur; varius terrarum ſitus conſiderandus eſt; & hoc eſt alterum ca<lb></lb>put, Antime, quod tibi explicandum reſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001444"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001445"> Egregia prorſus obſervatio; inde enim perſpicua & quaſi pal<lb></lb>pabilis cauſa & ratio multorum effectuum ſtatuitur, qui vulgò virtutibus <lb></lb>occultis tribuuntur; ſed vt penſum impoſitum perſolvam, terreſtris globi <lb></lb>Planiſphærium veſtris oculis ſubjicio, & antequam oculos in globum <lb></lb>conjiciaris, nonnulla ſuppono ex præmiſſis. </s> <s id="s.001446">Primò, Vim preſſionis, quæ <lb></lb>tum à circulo maximæ preſſionis, vt ſupra appellavi, tum ab aliis paral<lb></lb>lelis procedit, ita variari, ac perturbari poſſe, vt diverſum æſtus effectum <lb></lb>producat, etiam ſub eodem Parallelo; variatur autem ſeu perturbatur ex <lb></lb>eo quod terreſtris globi ſuperficies tota aquea non ſit, ſed partim aquea <lb></lb>partim continens; nempe arcus ille circuli preſſionis, cui continens ſub<lb></lb>eſt, nullum preſſionis effectum conſequitur, reliquo tamen ejuſdem circuli <lb></lb>arcu, cui aqua ſubeſt, effectum præſtante; brevitatis ergo, hunc arcum <lb></lb>vtilem vocemus; illum verò inutilem. </s> <s id="s.001447">Secundò, Non tantùm vim preſ<lb></lb>ſionis conſiderandam eſſe, quatenus eſt ab vno arcu, ſed quatenus eſt etiam <lb></lb>ab aliis; ita vt ab illo communi quaſi niſu aqua elevari cenſeatur, quæ re-<pb pagenum="126" xlink:href="025/01/130.jpg"></pb>vera elevatio licèt aliquem aquarum motum dicat, non tamen ita acci<lb></lb>pienda eſt, vt aqua à circulo maximæ preſſionis ad punctum maximæ ele<lb></lb>vationis excurrat, totumque illud ſpatium conficiat, ſed vt pars aquæ aliam <lb></lb>partem pellat, & hæc aliam; cogita veſicam aqua plenam, quam vel ma<lb></lb>nu, vel fune in ſpiras acto ſtringis, ac proinde temporis ferè momento tu<lb></lb>mor attollitur, quod certè per motum obtineri non poſſet. </s> <s id="s.001448">Tertiò, per <lb></lb>motum aquam elevatam versùs litus excurrere, & averſis ire fluminibus, <lb></lb>ad inſtar majoris cujuſdam dolij; vbi enim litore altior eſt, in litus exun<lb></lb>dat; idem dico de ſuprema fluminum ſuperficie: & hæc eſt ratio cur <lb></lb>aqua, per æſtum exundet, quia cum prædictæ preſſionis vi, etiam ver<lb></lb>sùs oram & litus extollatur, in litus ipſum, quod inferius eſt, & in ſub<lb></lb>jacentis fluminis alveum excurrit, ſublata verò preſſione, aqua illa, <lb></lb>quæ priùs exundarat in litus, cum ſit altius ipſa maris, poſtquam detu<lb></lb>muit, ſuperficie, versùs ipſum mare refluit. </s> <s id="s.001449">Quartò, Majorem arcum <lb></lb>vtilem plùs, minorem verò minùs præſtare; præſertim cùm ſuo modo <lb></lb>accedat ratio vectis, ſicuti brevior baculus difficiliùs curvatur, quàm <lb></lb>longior; hinc major arcus minorem ſuperat, & major ſuperficies aquæ <lb></lb>ex præſatis arcubus conſtans vincit minorem ex arcubus etiam conſtan<lb></lb>tem; ſunt autem hujuſmodi arcus paralleli circulo maximæ preſſionis; <lb></lb>& cum in ſingulis punctis circuli vtilis, æqualis preſſio cenſeatur, inæ<lb></lb>qualitas preſſionis directæ accipienda eſt in arcubus ad angulos rectos <lb></lb>ſecantibus prædictos preſſionum arcus. </s> <s id="s.001450">Quintò, Suppono ad aquam extru<lb></lb>dendam, per anguſtiorem alveum, ſeu canalem, minorem preſſionis vim de<lb></lb>ſiderari, vt conſtat ex doctrina motuum; nempe major mobilis, ſeu moven<lb></lb>di corporis moles motui magis reſiſtit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001451"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001452"> Cuncta hæc ſatis intelligo; ſtatuo enim globum iſtum in <lb></lb>ſitu Sphæræ rectæ; ita vt axis & poli ſint in plano horizontis; aſſum<lb></lb>ptoque ſupremo globi puncto, ſeu vertice, illius horizon, qui per Po<lb></lb>los deſcribitur, eſtque vnus ex Meridianis & diſtat à puncto aſſumpto <lb></lb>90. grad. circulus maximæ preſſionis erit, cui ſi omnes parallelos acci<lb></lb>piam, omnes circulos preſſionum habeo, & probè diſtinguo arcus <lb></lb>vtiles ab inutilibus, & portionem ſuperficiei ab vtilibus rectam, ſeu <lb></lb>occupatam, ab alia; quæ profectò quantum varia ſit, cùm hinc expli<lb></lb>cetur, illinc contrahatur, inde versùs Ortum, hinc versùs Boream ex<lb></lb>currat ſatis patet. </s> <s id="s.001453">Vt autem majoris, vel minoris vim definiam, ratio<lb></lb>ne ſcilicet puncti aſſumpti, initio ducto ab horizonte, ſeu circulo ma<lb></lb>ximæ preſſionis, conſidero ac metior ſuperficiem vtilem (ſic eam vo<lb></lb>co, quam arcus vtiles occupant) pro cujus diverſo ſitu, & diver<lb></lb>ſa extenſione, diverſa ſequitur preſſio & elevatio in puncto aſſum<lb></lb>pto Æquatoris; Hoc ſat benè intelligo; vellem tantùm, vt illud quod <lb></lb>vltimo loco adſtruxiſti, de aqua in anguſtias redacta paulò fuſiùs ex<lb></lb>plicares. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001454"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001455"> Per me licet; ſupponamus ita extrudi per canalem ADH. <lb></lb>vt altitudo alvei pleni ſit AC, latitudo verò initio ſit AB, ſed qui <lb></lb>retenta eadem altitudine, contrahatur ſecundùm latitudinem, ac proin-<pb pagenum="127" xlink:href="025/01/131.jpg"></pb>de lineæ AH, BK, non ſint parallelæ, ſed vna ad aliam accedat; jam <lb></lb>alij demonſtrarunt velocitatem aquæ in AB ad velocitatem aquæ in HK <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.131.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/131/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſuppoſita eadem vi motrice, eſſe vt HE ad AD, id eſt vt HK ad AB, id <lb></lb>eſt in ratione latitudinum permutando, ſi verò decreſcat etiam altitu<lb></lb>do, ita vt altitudo in HK, ſit HI, velocitas in AB eſt ad velocita<lb></lb>tem in HK, vt HF, ad AD vel in compoſita latitudinum & altitu<lb></lb>dinum permutando; hoc inquam jam alij demonſtrarunt; cùm enim <lb></lb>tota aqua fluat per planum AD, & per planum HE, quæ ad inſtar duo<lb></lb>rum foraminum conſiderare poſſumus, ſuppoſita ſemper eadem vi motri<lb></lb>ce, haud dubiè velociùs fluere debet per HE, quàm per AD, idque in ea <lb></lb>proportione, in qua AD major eſt quàm HE; in hoc nulla eſt difficultas, <lb></lb>& omnibus congruit experimentis; hinc aqua quæ ſurſum extruditur, di<lb></lb>latatur, quæ verò ſua ſponte deſcendit, contrahitur; quia hæc motu acce<lb></lb>lerato, illa retardato fertur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001456"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001457"> Hoc ſæpè miratus ſum in filo labentis olei, quod certè ad hunc <lb></lb>effectum aptius eſt, quàm aqua, propter vliginem; contrahitur enim & ex<lb></lb>tenuatur filum illud; ſed rem gratiſſimam faceres, ſi demonſtrares in qua <lb></lb>proportione contrahatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001458"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001459"> Hoc jam alij demonſtrarunt; quia tamen nihil eſt, quod tibi <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.131.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/131/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>negare auſim ; ſupponamus eſſe vas CB, in cujus <lb></lb>fundo ſit foramen CD, accipiatur quæcunque <lb></lb>altitudo puta CF, ſit quælibet Semiparabola <lb></lb>AFH, ſub axe FA, ducanturque applicatæ CE, <lb></lb>FH; in Parabola ſi accipiatur motus accelera<lb></lb>tus, axis erit ſpatium, applicatæ verò tem<lb></lb>pus & velocitas; igitur ſpatium acquiſitum <lb></lb>tempore CE erit ad acquiſitum tempore FH, <lb></lb>vt AC ad AF, ſunt enim ſpatia, vt tempo<lb></lb>rum Quadrata; igitur velocitas aquæ in CD <lb></lb>erit ad velocitatem in FG vt CE ad FH, <lb></lb>ſed tranſitus aquæ ſunt vt velocitates, per<lb></lb>mutando, vt jam dixi ſupra; igitur vt FH <lb></lb>ad CE, ita circulus CD ad circulum FH; igitur ſi vt Diameter CD <lb></lb>ad FG, ita hæc, ad K, erit vt FH, ad CE, ita CD ad K. ſit vt <pb pagenum="128" xlink:href="025/01/132.jpg"></pb>FH ad CE, ita hæc ad L, & vt CD ad K, ita hæc ad M, ſitque inter KM <lb></lb>media proportionalis N, erit vt FH ad CE, vel CD ad M, ita AF ad <lb></lb>AC; igitur AF eſt ad AC in ratione quadruplicata CD ad FG, id eſt, <lb></lb>vt CD ad M, facilè autem invenitur FG, quia vt FH ad CE, ita CD, <lb></lb>quam habeo ad K ; inter K & D invenio mediam proportionalem FG ; <lb></lb>item inter K & M ſcilicet N. </s> <s id="s.001460">Sed hæc ſufficiant, jam ad ſuſceptum pro<lb></lb>poſitum redeo, & quia omnia ſingularia explicari non poſſunt; fruſtra <lb></lb>enim id fieret, mihi ſatis eſſe videtur, ſi vnum vel alterum ſingulare ex<lb></lb>ponam. </s> <s id="s.001461">Accipio igitur punctum in Æquatore 345. longitudinis, vt vi<lb></lb>des in globo; cum circa illum tractum, celeberrimus ille fluvius, quem <lb></lb>Amazonum vocant, ex Orientali Americæ ora in mare influat, & maxi<lb></lb>mum ſtatis horis patiatur æſtum, qui ad 300. milliaria per alveum flu<lb></lb>minis aſcendit; huic tractui Luna oritur in Meridiano longitudinis 75. & <lb></lb>tunc maxima eſt preſſio circa tractum longitudinis 545. quæ ſenſim ver<lb></lb>sùs Ortum decreſcit; quid mirum ergo, ſi versùs oram Guineæ ad Afri<lb></lb>cam, mare intumeſcat? </s> <s id="s.001462">Vbi præſertim Luna per 30. gradus versùs occaſum <lb></lb>progreſſa eſt, vbi verò tandem pervenit ad grad. 345. tunc ibi maxima <lb></lb>eſt aquarum elevatio; & quia longè ante aqua aſſurgere cœpit, ab eo <lb></lb>ſcilicet momento, quo à grad. 75. Luna occaſum versùs progreſſa eſt, quid <lb></lb>mirum ſi aſſurgens aqua in apertum & ſatis directum fluminis alveum ex<lb></lb>currat? </s> <s id="s.001463">In quem tamdiu excurrit; quamdiu aſſurgit aqua ad illam oram; <lb></lb>hæc autem tamdiu aſſurgit, quamdiu preſſio decreſcit; hæc demum tam<lb></lb>diu decreſcit, quamdiu Luna ad Meridianum longit. 745. accedit; vbi <lb></lb>enim Meridianum illum attingit, maxima eſt aquarum elevatio, nec vltra <lb></lb>preſſio decreſcit; ſed deinde creſcit preſſio, progrediente ad occaſum Lu<lb></lb>na, idque continuè donec perveniat ad nonageſimum inde gradum, id <lb></lb>eſt, ad longitud. </s> <s id="s.001464">grad. 255. hinc refluit aqua, non modò proprio acta <lb></lb>pondere, ſed accedente majore vi preſſionis ſollicitata, idque, quam<lb></lb>diu preſſio creſcit, vnde per ſe tamdiu fluxus durat, quamdiu refluxus, <lb></lb>& hoc vt plurimum fieri ſolet, licet per accidens alter altero diuturnior ſit, <lb></lb>de quo infra præterea progrediente Luna à gradu 255. ad 165. in hoc <lb></lb>puncto erit maxima elevatio; igitur circulus maximæ preſſionis ſecabit <lb></lb>Æquatorem in punctis 255. & 75. vt patet, at in iiſdem punctis circulus <lb></lb>maximæ preſſionis Æquatorem ſecabat, quando Luna erat in gradu 345. <lb></lb>igitur in eodem tractu maxima eſt aquarum elevatio; ſenſim enim ibi aſ<lb></lb>ſurgit aqua, vbi ſenſim preſſio decreſcit; igitur dum Luna à puncto 255.ad <lb></lb>punctum 165. progreditur, creſcit æſtus ad prædictam oram, & in fluminis <lb></lb>alveum intrat. </s> <s id="s.001465">Denique peracto circulo Luna redit ad grad.75. & tunc eſt <lb></lb>maxima preſſio in dicto tractu 345. Vides quàm facilè cuncta hæc ex præ<lb></lb>miſſis deducta præfato tractui applicentur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001466"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001467"> Duo mihi occurrunt difficilia; primùm eſt, ſita Luna in gradu <lb></lb>longit. 345. circulum maximæ preſſionis Meridianum illum eſſe, qui <lb></lb>Æquatorem ſecat in grad. 255. ac proinde per medium quaſi mare paci<lb></lb>ficum ducitur; licèt autem hujus maris preſſio aliquem effectum habere <lb></lb>poſſit, non tamen vllam vim derivare poteſt in oram maritimam, <pb pagenum="129" xlink:href="025/01/133.jpg"></pb>inquam prædictum flumen influit, cùm interjectus vaſtiſſimus Americæ <lb></lb>tractus obſtet; ſecat etiam Æquatorem in grad. Longit.75. Sed hic locus <lb></lb>non mari ſed terris incubat, ducitur enim per mediam ferè Æthiopiam <lb></lb>& Africam ab Auſtro in Boream; igitur cùm mare non premat, nullus in<lb></lb>de preſſionis effectus ſequitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001469"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001470"> Antequam ad ſecundam difficultatem orationem convertas, <lb></lb>hæc quam expoſuiſti, mihi priùs ſolvenda eſt; & fateor, vel nullam, vel <lb></lb>minimam preſſionis vim à ſemicirculo maximæ preſſionis per mare pa<lb></lb>cificum ducto, ad grad, Longit. 255. ad oſtia præfati fluminis traduci, pro<lb></lb>pter interjectum continentis Americæ impedimentum; dixi vel mini<lb></lb>mam, quia negari non poteſt, traduci aliquam tum versùs Auſtrum per <lb></lb>freta Magellanicum, Marium &c. </s> <s id="s.001471">tum versùs Septentrionem per freta <lb></lb>Daviſium, Hudſonium &c. </s> <s id="s.001472">Fateor etiam minimam vim traduci ad præfa<lb></lb>ta oſtia à ſemicirculo ortivo maximæ preſſionis Æquatorem ſecante ad <lb></lb>grad Longit.75. cùm major illius pars ſit inutilis, arcus verò vtiles hinc <lb></lb>versùs Septentrionem, indèversùs Auſtrum, à promontorio, quod bo<lb></lb>næ Spei vocant, excurrant, cùm tamen vis preſſionis non tantùm ſit <lb></lb>à prædicto circulo maximo, ſed etiam ab aliis minoribus parallelis, <lb></lb>prædictæ elevationis ad illa oſtia pluſquam ſufficientem cauſam ha<lb></lb>bemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001473"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001474"> Cur verò ad 300. milliaria per alveum fluminis æſtus aſ<lb></lb>cendit? </s> <s id="s.001475">cùm tamen ad oram Guineæ oppoſitam longè minus aſcendat: <lb></lb>& hæc eſt altera difficultas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001476"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001477"> Ex illo communi preſſionis niſu, motus quidam mixtus vel <lb></lb>ejuſdem motus linea reſultat, ſecundùm quam æſtus in oram excurrit; cùm <lb></lb>igitur circuli preſſionum, qui mari Atlantico incumbunt, aquam attol<lb></lb>lant extrudantque quaſi versùs Auſtrum, ac proinde versùs Borealem <lb></lb>Americæ oram; circuli verò qui Æthiopicum premunt, extrudant aquam <lb></lb>per fauces illas inter Braſiliam & Africam interceptas, versùs Caurum; <lb></lb>ex vtroque niſu, mixtus quidam reſultat verſus Libycum, ac proinde in <lb></lb>oſtia præfati fluminis, quaſi directè incidit æſtus; Quid mirum igitur, ſi <lb></lb>longiùs excurrat? </s> <s id="s.001478">accedit quod fluminis alveus per 10. integros gradus <lb></lb>id eſt 600.milliaria, quaſi ſecundùm rectam lineam versùs Libycum fer<lb></lb>tur; quod reverà plurimùm confert ad hoc, vt æſtus per dictum alveum <lb></lb>longius excurrat: At verò ad oram Guineæ licèt rapidiſſimus æſtus aſ<lb></lb>ſurgat torrentis ad inſtar, quia in prædictam oram ad Auſtrum conver<lb></lb>ſam, versùs Boream extruſus quaſi directè fertur; non tamen per alveum <lb></lb>fluminum longè excurrit, cùm nec ſint capaces alvei, nec ſecundùm di<lb></lb>rectam lineam eant, neque, vt vides in hoc globo, Guinea magnos flu<lb></lb>vios habeat; equidem ad 7. grad. Latit. Auſtralis magnus fluvius Zaire in <lb></lb>Oceanum influit, ſed à 6. gradu ad promontorium bonæ Spei perexiguus <lb></lb>æſtus eſt; præterquam quòd linea æſtus in eo tractu; (ſic deinceps appel<lb></lb>labo) tendit ad Vulturnum, vel Euronotum; vnde valdè obliquè in oram <lb></lb>illabitur; non mirum igitur ſi potiùs præterfluat, quàm irrumpat. </s> <s id="s.001479">Vnum <lb></lb>omiſeram, ſcilicet, Oceanum Æthiopicum in iis faucibus, quas in <pb pagenum="130" xlink:href="025/01/134.jpg"></pb>globo vides, inter Gibbum Africæ, extremumque Braſiliæ promontorium <lb></lb>coërceri, vnde intumeſcat aſſurgatque cum impetu, neceſſe eſt, adver<lb></lb>sùs oppoſitam ſibi, quaſi aggerem, Guineæ oram. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001480"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001481"> Non eſt dubium, quin æſtus linea ad tem hanc multùm, ne <lb></lb>dicam totum conferat; nondum tamen ſatis capio, vnde & quomodò <lb></lb>hæc linea ſtatuatur potiùs quàm alia; hac enim ſemel ſuppoſita, inde <lb></lb>facilè deducam, vtrùm magnus, an parvus æſtus ſit, in data quali<lb></lb>bet ora. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001482"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001483"> Rem acu tetigiſti; hæc enim linea æſtus, ſeu curſus <expan abbr="aquarũm">aquarum</expan>, <lb></lb>quem ſi paulò vehementior ſit & contractior, Eurippum vocant, ab ea<lb></lb>dem cauſa procedit, à qua æſtus ipſe, vel aquarum elevatio; ſcilicet ab in<lb></lb>æquali aëris preſſione, & inæquali niſu; itaque ex pluribus capitibus hæc <lb></lb>linea æſtus determinari poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001484">Primò, in præmiſſa hypotheſi ſolus eſſet <lb></lb>aquarum motus ab ortu in occaſum, vt jam ſupra dictum eſt; nempe ille <lb></lb>idem preſſionis niſus ſemper duraret, & tantus eſſet aquarum tumor, <lb></lb>ſub vno Meridiano, quantus ſub alio, ſub eodem ſcilicet Parallelo; at <lb></lb>poſita tali ſuperficie terræ qualis modò eſt, in ſingulis ferè punctis ejuſ<lb></lb>dem Paralleli, mutatur niſus; quia mutatur illius cauſa; diverſa eſt enim <lb></lb>arcuum vtilium ratio; hinc diverſa linea ſequitur; ſi enim æqualis ſit <lb></lb>niſus ab Auſtro; Aquilone & Ortu, & minor, aut nullus ab occaſu, in <lb></lb>occaſum linea motus ibit; ſi æqualis ab Auſtro, Occaſu & Ortu, & mi<lb></lb>nor in Aquilone, ad Aquilonem ibit; atque ita de aliis; & cùm infinitæ <lb></lb>ſint combinationes niſuum, vt ſunt infinitæ diverſarum preſſionum, <lb></lb>etiam ſub eodem Parallelo, quia infinitæ-mutationes ſuperficierum <lb></lb>ex arcubus vtilibus conſtantium, tum in magnitudine, tum in ſitu, <lb></lb>inde ſequitur infinitas eſſe poſſe, ac reverà eſſe lineas æſtus, quæ ex <lb></lb>diverſo niſu naſcuntur: Primum igitur caput, ex quo talis linea ſtatui<lb></lb>tur, eſt talis ratio niſus, ſeu preſſionis. </s> <s id="s.001485">Secundò à quibuſdam locorum <lb></lb>anguſtiis petitur, ſeu maris ſeu freti, quod ſecundùm talem vel talem <lb></lb>lineam excurrit; cùm enim aqua preſſionis vi extrudatur, & continen<lb></lb>tis vtrimque aggeres aquam contineant, quid mirum, ſi per freta <lb></lb>currat, atque adeò ab alveo freti linea æſtus determinetur. </s> <s id="s.001486">Tertiò, Si <lb></lb>vtrimque vis preſſionis in vtrumque freti oſtium aquam intrudat, in<lb></lb>tra fretum æſtus concurrent. </s> <s id="s.001487">Quartò, quando æſtus valdè obliquè in<lb></lb>cidit in aliquam oram, non reflectitur, ſed ipſam oram præterlabitur; <lb></lb>immò ſi ipſa hora ad modum ſinus cavi eſt, æſtus ſemiorbe peracto, ver<lb></lb>sùs eam partem, vnde venerat, declinat; hinc mutatio lineæ: ad hoc ca<lb></lb>put revoca reflexionem. </s> <s id="s.001488">Quintò, Æſtus alterius maris ex anguſtis fauci<lb></lb>bus erumpens, & in alium incidens, lineam mutat; nempe ex vtroque qui<lb></lb>dam motus mixtus reſultat, ac proinde nova linea. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001489"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001490"> Cuncta hæc in rem hanc optimè quadrant: quare nihil aliud <lb></lb>reſtat, niſi vt fidelis & accurata Marini æſtus hiſtoria deſcribatur, vt ſcia<lb></lb>mus quænam ſit linea æſtus in qualibet ora; Tu verò me tibi ſummopere <lb></lb>obſtringeres, ſi aliquot exempla breviter afferres, quibus ea, quæ dixiſti, <lb></lb>meliùs conſtarent. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="131" xlink:href="025/01/135.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001491"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001492"> Prædicta hiſtoria ad rem hanc maximè opportuna, immò & <lb></lb>neceſſaria eſſet, in qua tamen à rei Nauticæ Scriptoribus nonnulli deſi<lb></lb>deraſſent, vt ſaltem in præcipuis Oceani oris fideliter retuliſſent de ma<lb></lb>ris æſtu; Primo quàm altus. </s> <s id="s.001493">Secundo quantum excurrat; Tertio quamdiu <lb></lb>aſſurgat; Quarto quamdiu refluat; Quinto quâ horâ ſummus æſtus ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001494">Sexto quo die ſynodalis periodi, maxima in æſtu aquarum elevatio, & quo <lb></lb>die minima; Septimo, quo anni Plenilunio aut Novilunio ſit maximus <lb></lb>æſtus. </s> <s id="s.001495">Octavo, quænam ſit æſtus linea, quæ fortè ſingulis diebus tantulum <lb></lb>mutatur; mutatur enim preſſionis ratio, quia mutantur ſuperficies ex ar<lb></lb>cubus vtilibus conſtantes; hi porrò mutantur; quia mutatur abſidum linea, <lb></lb>cuncta hæc in qualibet ora obſervanda eſſent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001496"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001497"> Tuæ ſententiæ omnino ſubſcribo, & hæc eadem in præfatis <lb></lb>Hiſtoricis deſiderarem; ſed quæſo te, ſi me amas, profer aliquot exempla, <lb></lb>quæ tibi haud dubiè memoria ſuggeret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001498"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001499"> Hujus globi aſpectus nonnulla fortè in memoriam mihi revo<lb></lb>cabit. </s> <s id="s.001500">Primo loco circa polum vnum occurrit; ad ſummum enim pro<lb></lb>montorium Finnomarchiæ currit Eurippus à Cauro ſcilicet versùs Eu<lb></lb>ronotum ſeu Vulturnum ; ſunt enim anguſtiæ maris inter Nieulandiam & <lb></lb>Groelandiam, per quas mare facilè extruditur vi preſſionis, tum Oceani <lb></lb>Tartarici, tum illius qui Americam Septentrionalem alluit, nec non ver<lb></lb>sùs dictam oram per dictam lineam pellitur. </s> <s id="s.001501">Secundo, A pulchra Inſula, <lb></lb>quæ novæ Franciæ Borealis eſt, ad fretum Daviſium, à medio Iulio ad fi<lb></lb>nem Auguſti; linea æſtus tendit ad Auſtrum, reliquo tempore ad Occaſum, <lb></lb>quo æſtus in ſinum S. Laurentij irrumpit; ratio eſt, quia menſe Auguſto <lb></lb>glacies maris congelati liquatæ ſunt, ac proinde liberè fluunt, aquæ ex <lb></lb>freti Daviſij & Hudſonij anguſtiis versùs Vulturnum ; itémque ex iis quæ <lb></lb>ſunt Friſlandiam inter & continentem Groelandiæ in Libycum; item ex <lb></lb>iis quæ ſunt inter Friſlandiam & Iſlandriam in Vulturnum ; ex iis demum, <lb></lb>quæ ſunt inter Iſlandiam & Britannicas inſulas in occaſum, ſeu Zephyro <lb></lb>Libycum; igitur motu quodam mixto in Auſtrum æſtus currit, cùm tamen <lb></lb>reliquis menſibus, concreto mari glaciali ex prioribus anguſtiis æſtus vix <lb></lb>currat, ſed liberè tantùm in occaſum feratur; obſtant enim inſulæ Britan<lb></lb>nicæ, ne in Auſtrum eat, ac proinde in ſinum S. Laurentij inde apertum ſu<lb></lb>beat; cùm tamen ex prædictorum fretorum aqua erumpens æſtum à <lb></lb>prædicto ſinu S. Laurentij facilè amoveret. </s> <s id="s.001502">Tertiò, Inter promontorium <lb></lb>floridæ & Havanam Cubæ Eurippus versùs ortum velociſſimè currit, <lb></lb>non tantùm propter multa flumina, quæ in ſinum Mexicanum intrant; ſed <lb></lb>quia aqua preſſa circa Antillas, quaſi circuitu facto, vi preſſionis, per <expan abbr="dictũ">dictum</expan> <lb></lb>fretum versùs ortum extruditur. </s> <s id="s.001503">Et verò versùs Antillas & Mexicanum <lb></lb>ſinum æſtus obliquè incidit, per lineam quæ ad Libycum <expan abbr="tẽndit">tenndit</expan>; hinc <lb></lb>parum attollitur, & frangitur illius vis ab innumeris ferè inſulis; quæ <lb></lb>circa oſtia prædicti ſinus quaſi totidem aggeres ſitæ ſunt; addo etiam <lb></lb>præfatum ſinum innumeris inſulis ſeminatum eſſe, quæ tum preſſio<lb></lb>nem, tum æſtum impediunt. </s> <s id="s.001504">Velociter autem prædictus Eurippus <lb></lb>fluit, quia per anguſtum alveum magnum aquæ pondus aquam velociſ-<pb pagenum="132" xlink:href="025/01/136.jpg"></pb>ſimo motu extrudit; preme vas quod piam aqua plenum, diſco ligneo, vi<lb></lb>debiſque quam cito per canalem applicatum aqua erumpat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001505"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001506"> Hoc ſæpè probavi, & hæc veriſſima cauſa eſt perniciſſimi <lb></lb>Euripporum motus, ſeu curſus; immo luſi aliquando hoc experimento, <lb></lb>plenum aqua tubum cylindricum, diſco æreo apprimè tubi oſtio appoſito, <lb></lb>ex cujus centro anguſtus canaliculus aſſurgebat, tantulùm premebam, <lb></lb>& aqua per dictum canaliculum perniciſſimè aſſurgebat erumpebatque; <lb></lb>vellem autem ſcire proportionem velocitatis, deſcenſum inter operculi, <lb></lb>& erumpentis aquæ aſcenſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001507"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001508"> Velocitates ſunt vt baſes permutando; cùm enim illa tota por<lb></lb>tio extruſæ aquæ per canaliculum tranſeat, ſubſidente interim operculo, <lb></lb>motus operculi in tubo eſt ad motum aquæ in canaliculo, vt baſis canali<lb></lb>culi ad baſim cubi, neque in hoc eſt difficultas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001509"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001510"> Satis eſt; optimè capio: alia difficultas occurrit; ſupra di<lb></lb>xeras, ni fallor, geminos æſtus concurrere in fretis ſupra appellatis; quo<lb></lb>modò igitur fieri poteſt, vt ex anguſtiis, quæ ex dictis fretis ſubjiciuntur <lb></lb>æſtus in Vulturnum eat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001511"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001512"> Bellè; Linea fluxus versùs Caurum in dictis anguſtiis, & fre<lb></lb>to Hudſon, in freto Daviſio versùs Septentrionem tendit; at verò linea <lb></lb>refluxus, in freto Daviſio versùs Auſtrum, in Hudſonio & dictis faucibus <lb></lb>in. </s> <s id="s.001513">Vulturnum ; ſed ad propoſitum redeo. </s> <s id="s.001514">Quartò, igitur à maris tractu in<lb></lb>ter Fortunatas & Heſperidum inſulas interjecto, æſtus currit versùs Oc<lb></lb>caſum, nempe in eam partem mare curvatur ad inſtar ſinus immenſi; ſed <lb></lb>versùs ſinuum extremitates vt plurimùm mare currit: ratio ex præmiſſis <lb></lb>principiis neceſſariò ſequitur; cùm enim ſinus versùs extremitates con<lb></lb>trahantur, aut ſaltem contractiores ſint eo maris tractu, ex quo ſuo modo <lb></lb>naſcuntur ſinus, arcus preſſionum ſinui minores, reliquo tractui majores <lb></lb>incumbunt; quid mirum ergo, ſi prævaleant iſti, & aqua illuc versùs ex<lb></lb>tremum ſinum extrudatur? </s> <s id="s.001515">Finge ſinum eſſe fretum, ſed obſtructum; <lb></lb>inde quoque ſequitur, motu velociore extrudi, quando ſinus eſt longè <lb></lb>contractior; hinc magnus æſtus in ſinu Gangetico, Perſico, Arabico, in <lb></lb>quo longè major eſſet, cùm maxima vi mare ab ortu eò feratur, niſi ab <lb></lb>Inſulis circa illius oſtia ſitis, itemque ab anguſtiſſimo aditu, vis æſtus fran<lb></lb>geretur; ad de ſis ſinum Adriaticum, in quo versùs extremitatem æſtus non <lb></lb>minimus eſt, extra Quadraturas, propter rationem expoſitam, quæ maxi<lb></lb>mè hîc locum habet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001516"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001517"> Sed quæſo te, cur etiam in mari Mediterraneo, quod maxi<lb></lb>mi ſinus ad inſtar eſt, æſtus non attollitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001518"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001519"> Equidem Oceani æſtus per Gaditanum fretum influit, remiſ<lb></lb>ſior tamen; quia cùm versùs Cæciam linea æſtus huic oræ illapſi eat, <lb></lb>valdè obliquè in oſtra freti incidit; vnde valdè remittitur, atque adeò in <lb></lb>oram Syriæ oppoſitam vix traducitur; traducitur tamen, & ſenſu perci<lb></lb>pitur in Novilunio & Plenilunio; licèt verò mare mediterraneum longiſ<lb></lb>ſimum ſit, quia tamen multis inſulis interrumpitur, & ab occaſu in ortum <lb></lb>recta excurrit, & æqualis ferè eſt illius latitudo, arcus preſſionum in eo <pb pagenum="133" xlink:href="025/01/137.jpg"></pb>ſecundùm totam illius longitudinem æquales ſunt; vna pars igitur non <lb></lb>prævalet ſupra aliam, igitur nullus æſtus; is enim; qui eſt ad oram Syriæ <lb></lb>minimus quidem, ſed jam olim à Phænicibus obſervatus; item ad oram <lb></lb>Provinciæ, vt Scaliger ipſe obſervavit, ab Oceano per fretum Gaditanum <lb></lb>traducitur, non certè motu ſed preſſionis vi, at verò cùm in ſinu Adriati<lb></lb>co arcus preſſionum longè minores ſint, quàm in reliquo mari, quid mi<lb></lb>rum ſi æſtus in eo fiat, effectus ſcilicet neceſſarius inæqualis preſſionis? </s> <s id="s.001520">mi<lb></lb>nor tamen propter anguſtias oſtij, & Corcyram ad prædictum oſtium ſi<lb></lb>tam, in qua vis æſtus frangitur; item in Africæ ora prædicto maris Adria<lb></lb>tici oſtio, ſecundum eundem Meridianum, è regione oppoſita; ibi enim <lb></lb>mediocris ſaltem æſtus attollitur; nempe ibi mare ſeſe explicat, & versùs <lb></lb>Africam quaſi in ſinum lunatur; item in reliqua ora Africæ versùs Tune<lb></lb>tum, in quam vis æſtus per fretum traducta à Balearibus & Sardinia ad Bo<lb></lb>ream ſitis coërcita, impingitur; æſtus porrò ad dictam oram Africæ aſſur<lb></lb>gentis jam olim meminit S. Auguſtinus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001521"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001522"> Sed vnde quæſo Eurippus ille mirabilis in freto Siculo, de quo <lb></lb>multi multa? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001523"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001524"> Certum eſt, rapidum illum motum eſſe ab æſtu; quia cum <lb></lb>motu Lunæ omnino conſentit; & verò vis æſtus per Gaditanum traducta, <lb></lb>à Balearibus & Sardinia coërcita, & ab anguſtiis illius tractus maris qui <lb></lb>inter Africam & occiduum promontorium Siciliæ interjacet impedita, <lb></lb>immo ab ipſa Sicilia repreſſa, declinat tantulùm versùs fauces freti Siculi, <lb></lb>in cujus anguſtiis aqua velociùs currit, proptèr rationem ſupra explicatam; <lb></lb>ſimiliter in ſinum Tarentinum æſtus aſcendit propter eandem rationem; <lb></lb>ad Ravennam item & Aquileiam; quia ſitæ ſunt versùs extremum ſinum; ad <lb></lb>oram Dalmatiæ, abſque tumore, aqua ſurſum versùs extremum ſinum ire vi<lb></lb>detur; ad oppoſitam verò Italiæ oram verſus oſtium & fauces deſcendere; <lb></lb>ſed hic motus, ſi tamen veritati conſentit, vel ab æſtu diverſus eſt, vel ex eo <lb></lb>procedit, quod æſtus in faucęs ſinûs irrumpat per <expan abbr="lineã">lineam</expan>, quæ ad <expan abbr="Boreã">Boream</expan> ten<lb></lb>dit; & cùm ſinus ab extremo faucium collo, declinet ſiniſtrorſum versùs <lb></lb>Caurum, motus etiam aquæ versùs eandem partem declinat, ſecundum <lb></lb>oram Dalmaticam; in refluxu verò, quaſi circuitu facto, per oram Italiæ <lb></lb>oppoſitam priori deſcendit; æſtus etiam minimus obſervatur ad Melitam, <lb></lb>Sardiniam, Corſicam, Iluam, Cretam, ſed vix ad ſemipedem attollitur; <lb></lb>Maſſiliæ & Tolone ad pedem integrum; quia ſcilicet cùm prædictæ inſu<lb></lb>læ, tum preſſionis inæqualitatem inducant, tum etiam vim preſſionis tra<lb></lb>ductam ſiſtant, quid mirum, ſi aliquam vim æſtus ſentiant; & verò ad <lb></lb>oram occiduam Sardiniæ & Corſicæ vis preſſionis ab Oceano traducta <lb></lb>impingitur; & magna eſt maris latitudo; ſub Meridiano Maſſiliæ, quod <lb></lb>ſanè ad preſſionis inæqualitatem multùm confert; accedit, quòd ſi ad <lb></lb>oram Africæ, in qua eſt Hippona ſentitur æſtus, quidni ad oram Provin<lb></lb>ciæ oppoſitam? </s> <s id="s.001525">Æſtus porrò ad oram ortivam Sardiniæ & Corſicæ, item<lb></lb>que ad Iluam procedit à preſſionis vi traducta ab extremo mediterraneo <lb></lb>ortivo; ad Melitam, Cretam, Siciliam, à vi preſſionis ab vtraque parte pro<lb></lb>veniente. </s> <s id="s.001526">In reliquo mediterraneo nullus æſtus ſentitur; in quibuſdam oris. <pb pagenum="134" xlink:href="025/01/138.jpg"></pb>propter inſulas, in aliis verò, quia iis non favet preſſionis inæqualitas <lb></lb>ſenſibilis, propter ſitum: & verò quiſquis rem in hanc longo illo Medi<lb></lb>terranei tractu attentè conſiderabit, ſtatim comperiet, ex præmiſſis princi<lb></lb>piis optimè explicari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001527"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc, quæ dicis, mirificè placent; difficilius tamen reſtat; nem<lb></lb>pe in freto illo Siculo, diverſus eſt vtrimque æſtus, cùm ſimul & ſemel ab <lb></lb>vna parte deorſum, ab alia ſurſum ire videatur, quod nonnulli in cavitates <lb></lb>ſubterraneas rejiciunt, quas etiam volunt cum iis quæ Monti Æthnæ ſub<lb></lb>jiciuntur, & incendio materiam ſuppeditant, per cuniculos eſſe conjun<lb></lb>ctas: Vnde Abbas Maurolycus, aiunt, vnum ex alio conjiciebat; ſcili<lb></lb>cet ex diverſa incendij ratione, diverſam rationem æſtus, & vi<lb></lb>ciſſim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001528"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001529"> Hoc etiam ſpero ex iiſdem principiis deductum iri; conſide<lb></lb>ra enim fretum Siculum quaſi in meditullio Mediterranei ſitum, & recta <lb></lb>directum ab Auſtro ad Septentrionem, atque inde ad extremam Medi<lb></lb>terranei oram, ortivam ſcilicet, ferè numerati triginta gradus longitudi<lb></lb>nis; vnde certè ſufficiens preſſionis vis eſſe videtur; accedente præſertim <lb></lb>maxima latitudine ejuſdem maris, à faucibus Adriatici ad oram Africæ <lb></lb>oppoſitam exporrecta, vt aqua per fretum ab Auſtro ad Septentrionem <lb></lb>extrudatur ſimiliter vis preſſionis traducta ab Oceano per Gaditanum, re<lb></lb>preſſaque, vt jam dictum eſt, à faucibus Africam inter & Sardiniam in<lb></lb>terjectis, ac proinde tantulùm declinans ſiniſtrorſum, pluſquam ſuffici<lb></lb>ens eſt ad extrudendam aquam per idem fretum, à Septentrione ad Meri<lb></lb>diem; quamvis enim paulò obliquiùs incidat, cùm tamen priore major <lb></lb>ſit, licèt frangatur ab obliquo appulſu, vel potiùs ſuo modo reflectatur, <lb></lb>ſufficiens eſt, vt dixi, ad <expan abbr="extrudendã">extrudendam</expan> aquam per fretum à Septentrione ad <lb></lb>Auſtrum; quid mirum igitur ſi agatur æſtus in contrarias partes, & gemini <lb></lb>ſibi invicem occurrant, vt jam de aliis fretis diximus? </s> <s id="s.001530">cùm autem vtrim<lb></lb>que aqua obliquè incidat, quid mirum ſi ex illius reflexione à cavo & di<lb></lb>verſimodè ſito litore, ad Scyllam ſcilicet & Charybdim; diverſi aquarum <lb></lb>vortices & gyri conſequantur? </s> <s id="s.001531">neque in hoc, ſaltem meo judicio, reſtat <lb></lb>vlla difficultas; cùm enim conſtet, prædictum motum ab æſtu eſſe, <lb></lb>nempe accedunt & concurrunt aquæ ſenis quibuſque horis, & cùm in <lb></lb>aliis fretis, æſtus etiam concurrant, negari non poteſt, quin primaria <lb></lb>hujuſmodi motuum cauſa ſit æſtus; nempe ex tali illapſu, concurſu, collu<lb></lb>ctatione, reflexione, mirabilis motuum varietas naſcitur, vnde non tantum <lb></lb>24. vt non nemo dicebat, ſed longè plures obſervari poſſunt; ſed jam ad <lb></lb>Oceanum redeamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001532"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001533"> Benè eſt; vnum tamen præ cæteris ex re ſcire velim, vtrùm <lb></lb>prædictus æſtuum concurſus in medio freto fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001534"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> fortè in quibuſdam hoc eveniet; ſi tamen vis æſtus eodem tem<lb></lb>poris momento vtrimque ad oſtia freti perveniat; quod in Siculo facilè con<lb></lb>ceſſerim, quod ſcilicet, ſub ea linea porrigatur, quæ eidem Meridiano ſub<lb></lb>jacet, at verò de illo æſtu, qui fit in freto Magellanico, ſecus dicendum eſt, <pb pagenum="135" xlink:href="025/01/139.jpg"></pb>quia cùm elevatio aquarum Lunæ motum æmuletur, & cùm Luna priùs ar<lb></lb>cum ortivum, quàm occiduum decurrat, inde fit, ſummam elevationem <lb></lb>ad oſtium ortivum primùm fieri, ac deinde ad occiduum; vnde ſequitur <lb></lb>concurſum æſtuum, longiùs diſtare ab oſtio Orientali, quàm Occidentali, <lb></lb>quod certè cum obſervationibus omnino conſentit; Nam Arnaldus Nau<lb></lb>clerus non ignobilis obſervavit, concurſum æſtuum fieri ſeptuageſima ab <lb></lb>Orientali oſtio leuca, & trigeſima <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> ab Occidentali, longitudo quippe <lb></lb>freti 100 circiter <expan abbr="leucarũ">leucarum</expan> eſt, accedit, quòd versùs oſtium Ortivum in ſinum <lb></lb>longiſſimum Oceanus deſinit; ac proinde aquam vel æſtum, quaſi admo<lb></lb>to infundibulo in fretum pellit de freto Hudſonio eadem ratio militat, <lb></lb>cùm ab ortu in occaſum eat; ſecus de Daviſio, qui ab Auſtro ad Septen<lb></lb>trionem. </s> <s id="s.001535">Sed ad Eurippos redeo & lineas æſtuum; jam dixi ſupra, cur æſtus <lb></lb>in oram Guineæ incidentis linea ad Cæciam tendat; in Africum verò, inci<lb></lb>dentis in oſtium fluminis Amazonum: frequentes ſunt Eurippi inter Cycla<lb></lb>das, Maldivas, Moluccas, Iaponicas inſulas &c hoc enim ſolemne eſt, ſi vis <lb></lb>preſſionis adſit omnibus Marium anguſtiis, auguſtias autem inſulæ paſſim <lb></lb>ſeminatæ <expan abbr="inducũt">inducunt</expan>; igitur & determinationem ad talem lineam motus. </s> <s id="s.001536">Hinc <lb></lb>per <expan abbr="totã">totam</expan> <expan abbr="orã">oram</expan> Oceani Germanici & Britannici <expan abbr="tã">tam</expan> diverſis & <expan abbr="cõtrariis">contrariis</expan> lineis æ<lb></lb>ſtus <expan abbr="illabũtur">illabuntur</expan>, propter <expan abbr="inſularũ">inſularum</expan> obicem, <expan abbr="locorũ">locorum</expan> anguſtias &c. </s> <s id="s.001537">Igitur inter <expan abbr="Bra-ſiliã">Bra<lb></lb>ſiliam</expan> & <expan abbr="Angolã">Angolam</expan> ſub Parallelo 10. grad. Latit. Auſtralis à 20. die Aprilis ad 26. <lb></lb>Iulij, æſtus currit versùs <expan abbr="Cautũ">Cautum</expan>, <expan abbr="itẽ">item</expan> à 26. Iulij, ad 20. Ianuarij versùs <expan abbr="partẽ">partem</expan> <expan abbr="op-poſitã">op<lb></lb>poſitam</expan> ſcilicet versùs <expan abbr="Notapeliorẽ">Notapeliorem</expan>; à 20. Ianuarij ad 20. Aprilis in <expan abbr="neutrã">neutram</expan> <expan abbr="par-tẽ">par<lb></lb>tem</expan>; ratio primi eſt, quia <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> prædictæ anguſtiæ ſint ferè ſub Æquatore, & <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> <lb></lb>Sol à 20. Martij ad 22. Iunij ab Æquatore versùs <expan abbr="Boreã">Boream</expan> declinet, ſenſim lique<lb></lb>ſcit Mare glaciale, quo certè glaciato, vis preſſionis minor eſt; quia arcus gla<lb></lb>ciei incubantes inutiles <expan abbr="ſũt">ſunt</expan>; quid <expan abbr="mirũ">mirum</expan> ergo, ſi vis preſſionis Æthiopici præva<lb></lb>leat, & aquas per fauces trudat versùs <expan abbr="Cautũ">Cautum</expan>; eò enim fauces illæ <expan abbr="ſpectãt">ſpectant</expan>: at <lb></lb>circa 26. Iulij glaciato mari <expan abbr="ſaltẽ">ſaltem</expan> ex parte liquato, creſcit vis preſſionis At<lb></lb>lantici, prævalet igitur, & aquas per eaſdem anguſtias versùs <expan abbr="Notapeliorẽ">Notapeliorem</expan> <lb></lb>retrudit; reliquo verò tempore, cùm iterum Mare versùs Boream concreſ<lb></lb>cat, ac proinde vis preſſionis Atlantici minuatur, aër verò temperatæ Au<lb></lb>ſtralis rareſcat, Sole præſertim perigæo, inde vis preſſionis Æthiopici mi<lb></lb>nuitur, vnde perſpicua eſt compenſatio, & mare in neutram partem currit; <lb></lb>adde ſis mare Auſtrale incognitum etiam gelu concreſcere; vnde quoque <lb></lb>mutatur preſſionis ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001538"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001539"> Vix crediderim in alia hypotheſi cuncta hæc phænomena <lb></lb>ſalvari poſſe; ſed perge quæſo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001540"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001541"> Sexto. </s> <s id="s.001542">Inter Inſulam Madagaſcar & Africam à 10. grad. Latit. <lb></lb>Auſtralis ad promontiorum Bonæ ſpei versùs Auſtrum it mare; habes <lb></lb>enim anguſtias, intra quas Eurippi currunt; cùm autem ab ortu in di<lb></lb>ctam oram æſtus veniat, obliquè omnino incidit; vnde ad Auſtrum li<lb></lb>neam motus determinari, neceſſe eſt; ſic enim ex tali aquarum illapſu li<lb></lb>nea motus paſſim determinatur, & æſtus in Eurippum, ſi anguſtiæ ad<lb></lb>ſint, degenerat. </s> <s id="s.001543">Septimo, Ad Parallelum grad. 30. Latit. Boreal. inter Phi-<pb pagenum="136" xlink:href="025/01/140.jpg"></pb>lippinas & Iaponicas, mare ita in ortum movetur, vt hinc paucis diebus in <lb></lb>Californiam navigetur; quia cùm ſub Zona torrida in toto mari Pacifico <lb></lb>æſtus & aqua in occaſum liberè feratur, modico circuitu facto refluit per <lb></lb>Septemtrionalem oram Americæ, quam relegit: cujus ſanè mirabilis effe<lb></lb>ctus alia ratio eſſe non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001544"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001545"> Haud dubiè rem citiùs expedies, ſicut Oceanus, ita & oratio <lb></lb>tua terrarum oras breviter & raptim ipſum æſtum æmulata, præterlegat, <lb></lb>initio ducto v.g. à Gaditano freto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001546"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001547"> Libenter faciam & ne prolixior evadam, rem ſanè in pauca con<lb></lb>traham, præſertim cum & Mediterraneum & maximam Oceani partem jam <lb></lb>luſtraverimus; & primo loco à prædicto freto Gaditano versùs Boream aſ<lb></lb>cendam, majoríſque diſtinctionis gratia numeros adhibebo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001548">Primò, Occurrit Ora Bæticæ in quam ſatis magnus æſtus incidit Cæciam <lb></lb>versùs cùm vis maxima preſſionis ab Africo veniat; hinc quia directè in <lb></lb>Bætim ſubit, ad 30. milliaria fluvius regreditur; ſecus verò Anas non pro<lb></lb>cul hinc diſtans; quia in ejus oſtia æſtus obliquè incidit; hujus enim flumi<lb></lb>nis curſus in Auſtrum recta linea tendit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001549">Secundo. </s> <s id="s.001550">Succedit ora Hiſpaniæ occidua, quæ recta ferè ad Septentrio<lb></lb>nem ducitur, in qua æſtus modicus eſt, quia incidit per eandem lineam ver<lb></lb>ſus Cæciam; igitur obliquè; paulò tamen major eſt, ad oſtia Tagi, quia <lb></lb>ille tractus quaſi quoddam æſtui illabenti receptaculum & ſinum <lb></lb>aperit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001551">Tertiò. </s> <s id="s.001552">In ora boreali Hiſpaniæ nullus, vel modicus eſt, nempe hic quo<lb></lb>que fertur in Cæciam, propter rationem adductam; nempe à Septemtrio<lb></lb>ne Inſulæ Britannicæ, & minor Britannia magnum obicem ponunt; cùm <lb></lb>igitur æſtus in Cæciam eat, vix in prædictum litus incidit; id que ferè vſque <lb></lb>ad oſtia Garumnæ, ibi enim, & ad rotam oram Aquitanicam, immo ad <lb></lb>extremum vſque minoris Britanniæ promontorium magnus æſtus eſt; nem<lb></lb>pe ibi mare ad inſtar ſinus in terras excurrit, & propter adductam ratio<lb></lb>nem in Cæciam æſtus currit: vnde ſatis directè illabitur, præſertim in oram <lb></lb>Meridionalem minoris Britanniæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001553">Quartò Ad extremam oram, occiduam ſcilicet, minoris Britannię à fonte<lb></lb>navia ad promontorium Clarium, currit æſtus ab Hypotraſcia, ac proinde <lb></lb>obliquè incidit, & minùs aſſurgit licèt rapidiſſimus ſit in freto fontenaviæ, <lb></lb>propter anguſtias; ſic autem incidit, quia ab ea parte liberiùs excurrit; con<lb></lb>trahitur enim Oceanus in hoc tractu versùs occaſum; hinc eò currit æſtus, <lb></lb>vt fit in reliquis ſinubus, ac proinde obliquè incidit, & minor eſt; haud <lb></lb>procul verò, quia lunatur mare vulturnum versùs in minorem & acu<lb></lb>tiorem ſinum, eò directè fertur æſtus, & hic maximè aſſurgit ad fanum ſcili<lb></lb>cet S. Maclovij, & ad Sanctum Michaelem, non procul hinc ſitum; inde <lb></lb>porrò Cadomum vſque currit versùs Libycum, ac proinde obliquiùs; per <lb></lb>aliam autem lineam vix in hanc oram Neuſtriæ incidere poteſt, vt patet ex <lb></lb>ipſa inſpectione; cùm vis preſſionis à mari Germanico per fretum Gallicum <lb></lb>eò traducatur; ad oſtia Sequanæ altiùs aſſurgit æſtus, quia illic mare luna<lb></lb>tur in ſinum. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="137" xlink:href="025/01/141.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001554">Quintò, Inde Gravelingam vſque, per eandem ferè lineam incidit <lb></lb>propter eandem rationem; ſenſim tamen declinat ad Auſtrum, cùm à <lb></lb>longto Maris Germanici tractu, versùs Boream ad Polum vſque porre<lb></lb>cto, vis preſſionis Auſtrum versùs incumbat; ac proindo obliquè incidit <lb></lb>in oram illam Belgicam, hinc flante Cauro, quo fit, vt æſtus directè incidat, <lb></lb>longè major æſtus cietur, vt & in fretis, æſtuariis, ſinubus &c. </s> <s id="s.001555">Pro quibus <lb></lb>nihil eſt, quod addam, cùm jam ſupra rationem attulerim, porrò concur<lb></lb>runt æſtus haud procul à Freto Gallico; vis enim preſſionis ab vtro<lb></lb>que mari, Britannico ſcilicet & Germanico procedit; concurrunt autem <lb></lb>æſtus, vt dixi extra fretum, versùs occaſum; rationem jam ſupra adduxi, <lb></lb>cum de Freto Magellanico. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001556">Sextò, Ad ortivam oram Angliæ innumeris ferè ſinubus, fretis, æſtua<lb></lb>riis aſperatam, tendit æſtus versùs Auſtrum; vnde parvus eſſet æſtus, <lb></lb>propter illapſum valdè obliquum, ſed propter illam oræ aſperitatem <lb></lb>& inæqualitatem, nec non locorum anguſtias, illapſus directus eſt, <lb></lb>& altior æſtus, & multi Eurippi: ad oram verò Meridionalem, æſtus <lb></lb>quaſi ad Cæciam tendit, versùs Ortum tantulùm deflectens; cùm enim <lb></lb>Mate Britannicum ſit ad inſtar magni ſinus, naſcentis ex Oceano Oc<lb></lb>cidentali, in quo, vt ſupra dictum eſt, fluit æſtus in Cæciam; nihil mi<lb></lb>rum, ſi in Britannico versùs eandem partem eat; ab extremo verò An<lb></lb>gliæ termino Occidentali, quem Lezardum vocant, deflectit æſtus ma<lb></lb>gis ad Ortum; hinc maximus eſt ad Briſtoliam, vbi Mare aſſurgit ad <lb></lb>pedes 66. quia in extremis ſinubus, modò æſtus in eandem cum ſinu <lb></lb>plagam excurrat, mare plurimùm aſſurgit; deflectit autem tantulum <lb></lb>ad Ortum, propter obicem Hiberniæ versùs Septemtrionem ſitæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001557">Denique inter Angliam & Hiberniam non parum ſævit æſtus <lb></lb>propter fretorum locorumque anguſtias; vnde multi naſcuntur Eu<lb></lb>rippi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001558">Septimò, Suprà Scotiam liberiùs æſtus excurrit, ac ferè ſine lege; item <lb></lb>ad oram Norvegiæ inter Bergam & Stadem, propter Eurippos valde in<lb></lb>ſignes, ob inſulas è regione ſitas: ad oram Finnomarchiæ & Lappiæ <lb></lb>æſtus à Cauro fluunt, vnde vis major preſſionis eſt; hinc ad extremum <lb></lb>Lappiæ ſinum, Ortum versùs, in quem æſtus directè incidit, inſignis <lb></lb>æſtus eſt: Ad Fretum Naſſovium concurrunt æſtus, traducta ab <lb></lb>vtroque mari vi preſſionis, Tartarico ſcilicet & Septemtrionali: De <lb></lb>Nieulandia jam ſupra dictum eſt; quanquam facilè crediderim, illo Ma<lb></lb>ri per Brumam glaciato, diverſam in vicinis oris æſtuum rationem & li<lb></lb>neam ſequi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001559"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001560"> Iam ferè dixiſti de reliquis oris, quas Oceanus alluit, præter<lb></lb>lectis ſupra litoribus Americæ & Africæ; reſtat vt ad alia tranſeamus, non<lb></lb>dum enim hoc argumentum probè exhauſtum eſt, Ante omnia ſcire velim, <lb></lb>cur æſtus alicubi major, alicubi minor aſſurgat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001561"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001562"> Hoc facilè deducere poteras ex iis, quæ dicta ſunt; multis au<lb></lb>tem nominibus creſcit; Primò, ex majori vi preſſionis quæ ex duplici ca<lb></lb>pite creſcit: primum petitur à majore ſuperficie, quam occupant vtiles <pb pagenum="138" xlink:href="025/01/142.jpg"></pb>arcus preſſionis, reſpectu alicujus loci, qui prædictorum arcuum quaſi Po<lb></lb>lus eſt; ex hoc capite maximus æſtus fit ad Indi Oſtia, ad Guineam, ad <lb></lb>Oſtia fluminis Amazonum, ad oram Peruviæ. </s> <s id="s.001563">Secundum caput eſt major <lb></lb>aëris gravitas, quæ oritur ab humore admixto, vel aëre denſo, & compreſſo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001564"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001565"> Tertium caput omittis, nempe quando Luna altior eſt, altior <lb></lb>quoque eſt aëris gravitantis tractus, & linea dirimens à centro terræ lon<lb></lb>giùs diſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001566"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001567"> Hoc mihi reverà exciderat, quod exquiſita obſervatione con<lb></lb>firmare poſſum; quando enim Luna in Apogæo exiſtit, tunc æſtus minor <lb></lb>eſt: itaque vis preſſionis alia major eſt extenſivè, alia intenſivè; extenſivè <lb></lb>à majore ſuperficie, cui arcus preſſionis incumbunt, idque cæteris pari<lb></lb>bus; modò ſcilicet inæqualem preſſionem inducant; intenſivè autem à <lb></lb>majore aëris gravitatione, quæ vel eſt à majore altitudine aëris, vel à ma<lb></lb>jore humoris copia admixta; hinc major æſtus in Plenilunio, minor verò <lb></lb>Luna Apogæa. </s> <s id="s.001568">Secundò, Creſcit æſtus ex illapſu magis directo; ſic enim <lb></lb>excurrit in illam oram, præſertim per fluminum alveos: nempe aſſurgit <lb></lb>æſtus per majores vndas, doliorum inſtar, quarum vna aliam ſequitur; vn<lb></lb>de fit, vt ſi obliquè incidat, non in oram, ſed in ipſum mare excurrat; ſi au<lb></lb>tem in litus impingeret, altera ſuperveniente, aſſurgeret aqua, & plus ad<lb></lb>huc tertiæ vndæ appulſu. </s> <s id="s.001569">Tertiò, Creſcit æſtus ratione ſinuum, nempe, vt <lb></lb>jam dixi, ſi æſtus directè in ſinum paulò acutiorem & breviorem incidat, <lb></lb>mirum quantum attollatur aqua, non tantùm propter anguſtias vaſis, ſed <lb></lb>propter directum appulſum; ſic ad Briſtoliam, vt dixi, & ad fanum Sancti <lb></lb>Michaëlis altiſſimus æſtus eſt, hic 70. illic 66. pedes; ad Oſtia fluminis Ama<lb></lb>zonum, niſi per alveum fluvij excurſus pateret, altior forſitan eſſet: dixi ſu<lb></lb>pra breviorem & acutiorem ſinum; vt enim expreſſione ſuperficiei aquæ <lb></lb>quolibet vaſe contentæ per canaliculum altiùs aſcendit, quàm per majorem <lb></lb>canalem; ita prorſus æſtus in breviore & Pyramidem deſinente ſinu; <lb></lb>cùm enim minùs capax ſit, intruſa per vim preſſionis aqua altiùs aſcendat, <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.001570">Inter inſulas, vt plurimùm minùs aſſurgit aqua, tum quia vis <lb></lb>preſſionis interrumpitur, tum quia cùm aqua per freta & anguſtias diſcur<lb></lb>rat, ac proinde effluat, tam altè aſcendere non poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001571"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001572"> Sed cur alicubi velociùs & rapidiùs, alibi ſenſim æſtus <lb></lb>currit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001573"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001574"> Velocior motus, qui ab æſtu eſt, à multis cauſis procedit. </s> <s id="s.001575">Primò <lb></lb>à majore vi preſſionis; ſic majus pondus tubi erecti & aqua pleni, eam ve<lb></lb>lociùs per foramen iuxta baſim apertum extrudit; major autem vis preſ<lb></lb>ſionis eſt à majore ſuperficie ex arcubus vtilibus conſtante. </s> <s id="s.001576">Secundò, ab an<lb></lb>guſtiis per quas aqua extrudenda eſt, vi preſſionis; ſicut dixi ſupra, in Fre<lb></lb>tis, rapidus æſtus eſt, v.g. in anguſtiis ad Havanam, & alibi paſſim; ſic <lb></lb>in fluminis alveo contracta aqua velociùs currit. </s> <s id="s.001577">Tertiò à breviore angu<lb></lb>ſtiarum alveo; ſic per breviorem fiſtulam foramini admotam, aqua velo<lb></lb>ciùs extruditur </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001578"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001579"> Ne quid diſſimulem, hoc non capio, quanquam auguror ali<lb></lb>quid ſcitu digniſſimum, ex hoc ipſo argumento affulgere. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="139" xlink:href="025/01/143.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001580"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001581"> Faciam capias. </s> <s id="s.001582">Sit tubus AB ſemper aquâ plenus, ſit fiſtula <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.143.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/143/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>primum GH, per quam aqua extruditur, vi <lb></lb>ponderis AB. haud dubiè ſi ſit fiſtula GI duplo <lb></lb>longior, extrudetur aqua per GH, velociore <lb></lb>motu, & tardiore per GI. experientia hujus rei <lb></lb>perſpecta eſt; quia ſæpè probata; ratio verò <lb></lb>non ita fortè cuipiam in promptu eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001583"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001584"> Iam mihi venit in mentem; nem<lb></lb>pe vis eadem motrix minus mobile velociùs, <lb></lb>majus verò tardiùs movet; quid mirum igitur, <lb></lb>ſi minorem aquæ molem fiſtula GH contentam, <lb></lb>vis ponderis GH faciliùs & velociùs extrudat, <lb></lb>quàm duplò majorem contentam fiſtula GI. im<lb></lb>mò facilè crediderim, motus eſſe, vt longitudines <lb></lb>permutando. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001585"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001586"> Ab hoc vltimo incipio, quod manifeſtè falſum eſſe, demon<lb></lb>ſtro, nempe inde ſequeretur infinitè velociùs extrudi aquam per nudum & <lb></lb>nulla fiſtula inſtructum foramen B, quàm per fiſtulam quamlibet etiam bre<lb></lb>viſſimam; prætereà cùm per fiſtulam GH, aut GI aqua extruſa motu <lb></lb>æquabili moveri cenſeatur, acquiſito ſcilicet in ipſa extruſione, id eſt, in <lb></lb>ipſo foramine: ſi in præciſa vi motrice ſiſtamus, cùm hæc æqualem mo<lb></lb>tum omnibus partibus extruſis imprimat, quem deinde retinent per totam <lb></lb>fiſtulæ longitudinem, non videtur, cur velociùs per breviorem, tardiùs per <lb></lb>longiorem moveatur; aliunde igitur illa motuum inæqualitas petenda <lb></lb>eſt; nimirum ab impedimento & reſiſtentia fiſtulæ; nempe cava illa ſuper<lb></lb>ficies, non ita eſt lævigata, quin aliquid ſcabrum, aliquæ ſalebræ, ſtriæ, aut <lb></lb>rugæ inſint; cum enim aqua nullum ſpatium liberum habeat intra fiſtu<lb></lb>lam, vix credi poteſt, quantum inde illius curſus retardetur; & verò aquæ <lb></lb>currentis ſuperficies adeò plana eſſe non ſolet, præſertim ſi velociore motu <lb></lb>fluat; vt igitur ſuperficies aquæ convexa probè congruat ſuperficiei cavæ <lb></lb>fiſtulæ, id certè non ſponte, ſed vi quadam fieri dumtaxat poteſt; vnde illius <lb></lb>curſum retardari neceſſe ſit: cùm igitur in longiore fiſtula longior ſit ſu<lb></lb>perficies, longius ſeu majus erit impedimentum; igitur per longiorem fi<lb></lb>ſtulam plus remoræ nacta, tardius aqua extruditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001587"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001588"> In qua porro proportione vnus motus alium ſuperat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001589"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc proportio ita inveniri poteſt; comparetur aquæ quantitas <lb></lb>extruſa per nudum foramen B, factum in lamina quaſi indiviſibili, cùm ea <lb></lb>quæ per fiſtulam GH extruditur, æquali tempore, motus erunt vt quanti<lb></lb>tates permutando; fiatque vt differentia quantitatum ſit ad aliam vt GH, <lb></lb>ad GI, id eſt, in ratione dupla, erit aqua extruſa per GH ad extruſam per <lb></lb>GI, vt aqua extruſa per nudum foramen, minus prima differentia ad ean<lb></lb>dem, minùs ſecunda differentia; erunt autem motus vt quantitates aquæ <lb></lb>extruſæ: hic non conſidero modicam illam & inſenſibilem reſiſtentiam, <lb></lb>quæ procedit à peripheria foraminis laminæ; quia hæc ſupponitur indivi<lb></lb>ſibilis ſuperficies, ac proinde quælibet ſuperficies cava ad illam peripheriam <pb pagenum="140" xlink:href="025/01/144.jpg"></pb>infinitam habet rationem; igitur & reſiſtentia illius ad reſiſtentiam hujus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001590"><emph type="italics"></emph>Anguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001591"> Hoc certè callent ij, qui aquæ ex publicis fontibus diſtri<lb></lb>buendæ præſunt, nempe æquales longitudine fiſtulas omnibus aquædu<lb></lb>ctibus apponunt, ſive tubi majores ſint, ſive minores; vt ſcilicet æqualis ſit <lb></lb>ratio impedimenti quod ex longitudine fiſtulæ ducitur, ac proinde extruſæ <lb></lb>aquæ quantitates ſint vt tubi, ſeu tuborum baſes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001592"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001593"> In hoc etiam errant, Auguſtine, quod vt liquidò demonſtrem, <lb></lb>ſupponantur duæ fiſtulæ æqualis longitudinis GH, ſed baſis inæqualis, <lb></lb>ſitque exempli gratia Diameter baſis minoris vnius digiti, & Diameter <lb></lb>majoris, duorum digitorum, cùm æquali longitudine fiſtularum & al<lb></lb>titudine fontis BA, haud dubiè vires erunt, vt baſes, ac proinde ſi <lb></lb>præcisè vis ponderis gravitantis, & aquam extrudentis conſideretur, <lb></lb>eadem eſt vtrimque ratio; nempe mobilia ſunt vt baſes, baſes vt vires; <lb></lb>igitur æquales vtrimque motus; quia vires vt 4. æquè facilè movebunt <lb></lb>pondus vt 4. ac vires vt vnum pondus vt vnum. </s> <s id="s.001594">Igitur ſtando præci<lb></lb>sè in ipſa vi ponderis extrudentis, quo tempore, per majorem fiſtu<lb></lb>lam ex appellatis, fluunt 4. libræ aquæ, vna tantùm libra per minorem <lb></lb>effluet; ſed hoc perſpicuis experimentis repugnat; nec demonſtratio deeſt; <lb></lb>nempe vt eadem proportio maneret, impedimenta ex cava ſuperficie fiſtu<lb></lb>læ petita deberent eſſe proportionalia; igitur cùm hæc impedimenta ſint, <lb></lb>vt ſuperficies cavæ, ſuperficies cava majoris fiſtulæ deberet eſſe quadrupla <lb></lb>ſuperficiei cavæ minoris, cùm tamen ſit tantùm dupla; ſunt enim illæ vt Peri<lb></lb>pheriæ circulorum, & hæ vt Diametri: igitur cùm major ſit ratio impe<lb></lb>dimenti in minore fiſtula, quàm in majore, quid mirum, ſi aquæ quantitas <lb></lb>extruſæ per majorem, ſit pluſquam quadrupla extruſæ per minorem? </s> <s id="s.001595">eſſet <lb></lb>autem prorſus & accuratè quadrupla, ſi major fiſtula longitudine dupla <lb></lb>minoris ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001596"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001597"> Bellè omninò, vt hæc mihi nova, ita graviſſima prorſus acci<lb></lb>dunt. </s> <s id="s.001598">Sed quid ſi aliquis æqualem in fiſtulis longitudinem ſervare velit, <lb></lb>cupiat tamen apponere fiſtulam majorem, per quam extrudatur, aſſumpta <lb></lb>eadem fontis altitudine, quadrupla quantitas aquæ, quanta baſis fiſtulæ aſſi<lb></lb>gnanda erit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001599"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001600"> Hoc etiam facilè haberi poteſt: ſi enim major fiſtula longi<lb></lb>tudine dupla & baſi quadrupla extrudit præcisè quantitatem aquæ qua<lb></lb>druplam, ſit baſis majoris 16. minoris 4. ac proinde Diameter minoris 2. <lb></lb>majoris 4. erit baſis 16. ad ſuperficiem cavam majoris fiſtulæ, vt ba<lb></lb>ſis 4. ad cavam minoris; igitur vires majoris ad impedimentum fiſtulæ <lb></lb>majoris, vt vires minoris ad impedimentum ejuſdem; ſit minoris impe<lb></lb>dimentum vt vnum, erit majoris impedimentum vt 4. & ſi impedimen<lb></lb>tum vt 1. ſubducit vnam partem aquæ, vel motus ex 4. impedimen<lb></lb>tum vt 4. ſubducit partes 4. ex 16. vnde reſidua erunt in eadem pro<lb></lb>portione, ſcilicet vt 3. ad 12. jam verò ſi longitudo dupla ma<lb></lb>joris fiſtulæ ſubducit 4. partes, longitudo ſubdupla ſubducet tantùm <lb></lb>2. igitur ſi major fiſtula æqualis longitudine aſſumatur extrudet 14. <lb></lb>partes ſeu libras aquæ. </s> <s id="s.001601">Vt autem inveniatur baſis fiſtulæ, ejuſdem cum <pb pagenum="141" xlink:href="025/01/145.jpg"></pb>minore longitudinis, per quam quadrupla quantitas eodem tempore ef<lb></lb>fluat, ad iſtud problema præparatorium res reducitur; dato Quadrato, cui <lb></lb>ſubtractum ſit ſubquadruplum, id eſt Quadrato ſemilateris, invenire Qua<lb></lb>dratum cui ſubtracto rectangulo, ſub eius latere, & quarta parte laceris <lb></lb>prioris, reſiduum ſit quadruplum, primi reſidui, ſen triplum primi Qua<figure id="id.025.01.145.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/145/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>drati. </s> <s id="s.001602">Supponamus CB eſſe latus, ſeu Diame<lb></lb>trum baſis minoris fiſtulæ, & LA eſſe Quadra<lb></lb>tum quæſitum, ita vt ſubtracto HE ſub latere LH, <lb></lb>& LE æquali MB, quæ eſt ſub quadrupla BA, <lb></lb>reſiduum EA ſit triplum Quadrati CA: ſit au<lb></lb>tem latus Quadrati 12 KN, quod mihi notum <lb></lb>eſt, hoc enim eſt triplum Quadrati CA; ſit etiam <lb></lb>KR, æqualis MB, mihi notæ, eſt enim ſubqua<lb></lb>drupla BA; his præmiſſis, ſic formo problema <lb></lb>decretorium: Data media proportionali, ſcilicet <lb></lb>KN, & differentia extremarum, ſcilicet KR, invenire <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.145.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/145/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>extremas; dividatur RK bifariam in S & ſub radio SN <lb></lb>deſcribatur ſemicirculus ONB, erunt KO, KP, extre<lb></lb>mæ quæſitæ, vt patet; igitur KO eſt latus quæſitum, <lb></lb>æquale ſcilicet LH. </s> <s id="s.001603">Pari modo procedam ſi velim ha<lb></lb>bere fiſtulam ejuſdem longitudinis, ex qua eodem tem<lb></lb>pore tripla, vel dupla quantitas effluat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001604"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001605"> Non paucæ mihi ſuboriuntur difficultates circa hæc, quæ à <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.145.3.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/145/3.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>te dicta ſunt; primò enim, ſi longitudo fiſtulæ GH <lb></lb>tale impedimentum affert, vt vnam quartam <lb></lb>partem motus auferat; igitur dupla longitudo <lb></lb>GI, duplum auferet; igitur quadrupla totum <lb></lb>motum; nihil aquæ igitur ex illa efflueret, quod <lb></lb>abſurdum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001606"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001607"> Siſte quæſo, neque enim huc Hydrau<lb></lb>lica traducenda eſt, cùm ſit res longioris operæ; <lb></lb>dicam igitur breviter, motum retardari poſſe in <lb></lb>infinitum, vt nemo. neſcit; vnde ſi longitudo fi<lb></lb>ſtulæ GH. Subtrahit <gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.001609"> velocitatis, longitudo <lb></lb>GI ſubtrahet 1/4. & dupla GI <gap></gap> & dupla ejus <lb></lb>totam; ſed huc vſque ſupponitur fiſtula ſemper <lb></lb>plena, eaque in ſitu horizontali ; vbi autem <lb></lb>aqua ea tarditate, movetur, vt pars aquæ ſuprema proprio pondere quaſi <lb></lb>per planum inclinatum ire poſſit, deſcendit haud dubiè, & tunc ſuperior <lb></lb>fiſtulæ cavitas, vacua reſtat: ſed quæſo te ad rem noſtram redeamus, cùm <lb></lb>hæc hujus inſtituti non ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001610"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001611"> Inde tantùm colligo, quantum detrimentum ij patiantur in <lb></lb>diſtributione aquarum, qui parvas fiſtulas habent, & quantum viciſſim <lb></lb>commodi ij, qui magnas habent; nempe illi, cui aquæ vncia competit, da<lb></lb>tur fiſtula, cujus baſis Diameter v. g. vncia eſt; alteri verò cui competunt <pb pagenum="142" xlink:href="025/01/146.jpg"></pb>quatuor, datur fiſtula ejuſdem longitudinis, cujus baſis quadrupla eſt <lb></lb>prioris, ſed eo tempore, quo per illam minorem fiſtulam tanta aquæ quan<lb></lb>titas extudiant, major quadrupla per iſtam majorem effluit, vt patet ex di<lb></lb>ctis; igitur vt legitimæ aquarum menſuræ eſſent, vel modus ſupra expoſi<lb></lb>tus adhibendus eſſet, vel fiſtularum longitudines, vt Diametri eſſe deberent, <lb></lb>ſed his miſſis ad aeſtum redi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001612"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001613"> Itaque ex dictarum fiſtularum analogia, explicabam ſupra, <lb></lb>cur per breviorem freti, vel anguſtiarum tractum, aqua vi preſſionis ve<lb></lb>lociùs extrudatur, ad proinde rapidiore motu; illud tamen diſcriminis <lb></lb>intercedit, quòd in fiſtulis, creſcente baſi fiſtulæ, ponderis gravitantis <lb></lb>viros creſcant, vt pater ex dictis: at verò idem pondus gravitans, & <lb></lb>eadem vis preſſionis eſſe ſupponitur, in eodem tractu, quando ſcilicet <lb></lb>maxima preſſio eſt, reſpectu illius, ſive contractiores ſint anguſtiæ freti, ſive <lb></lb>laxiores; ſive longior illius tractus, ſive brevior ſit: Vnde duplici nomine, <lb></lb>quando brevior, eſt, rapidiùs extruditur; nimirum quia arctus eſt, & quia <lb></lb>brevis; ex vtro quo enim capite aquæ extrudendæ moles minuitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001614"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001615"> Sed quæſo te, cur alicubi longè breviore tempore æſtus aſ<lb></lb>ſurgis, excurritque; alicubi verò plus temporis ponit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001616"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001617"> Ita eſt; nempe ad Guineam, non procul ab oſtio Nigri flumi<lb></lb>nis 4. horis æſtus aſſurgit; item ad oram Cambaiæ, iuxta Indi fauces, dua<lb></lb>bus horis æſtus ad 30. leucas excurrit, ad oſtia Garumnæ, ſeptem horis <lb></lb>aſſurgit, quinque refluit, vt ait Scaliger exerc. </s> <s id="s.001618">52. Sed accuratior Obſer<lb></lb>vator, idemque nobiliſſimus Geometra D. Candala, expreſſis verbis teſta<lb></lb>tur, Garumnam attolli ſex integris horis, deprimi verò ſex horis & 24. <lb></lb>minutis cui plus fidei habendum eſſe nemini dubium erit; vtpote qui ad <lb></lb>accuratiùs obſervanda acceſſus receſſuſque tempora, circa Garumnæ <lb></lb>oſtium, magnum horologium conſtrui curaverit, quod etiam minuta ſi<lb></lb>gnabat, vt ipſemet teſtatur in libello à ſe in lucem edito Ann. </s> <s id="s.001619">1575. Quem <lb></lb>etiam citat Furnerius. </s> <s id="s.001620">Quod ad me attinet, exiſtimo, æqualia vtrimque eſſe <lb></lb>tempora; cùm enim æſtus initio & ſub finem parum creſcat, vt dicam pau<lb></lb>lò poſt, id eſt, iuxta minimam ferè proportionem, facilè fieri potuit, vt <lb></lb>minimum coementum primis 16. minutis & 16. vltimis ſub ſenſum & ob<lb></lb>ſervationem v enim non potuerit; ac proinde æquè diu acceſſus atque re<lb></lb>ceſſus duraverit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001621"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001622"> Metiri ergo æſtum debemus horis Lunaribus, diviſa ſcilicet <lb></lb>integra revolutione Lunæ, ſeu die Lunari in 24. partes, ſeu horas æqua<lb></lb>les, ita vt quælibet hora Lunatis ſit major hora Æquinoctiali 2. minutis; <lb></lb>ac proinde ſenis ſemper horis Lunaribus æſtus reciproci fiunt per ſe, aut <lb></lb>certè ſenis horis Æquinoctialibus & 12. minutis; non verò ſex horis tem<lb></lb>poralibus, inæqualibus ſcilicet, iuxta formam horologij antiqui, vt vocant; <lb></lb>& ita intelligendum eſſe Plinij locum <emph type="italics"></emph>lib.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> 2. <emph type="italics"></emph>cap.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> 97. perſpicuum eſt; Vnde <lb></lb>miror illorum errorem, qui volunt incipere æſtum vbi Luna ſupra Ho<lb></lb>rizontem vno Signo elevata fuerit, & continuo creſcere donec Luna Me<lb></lb>ridianum illius loci attigerit; decreſcere verò ab hoc puncto, donec Luna <lb></lb>æqualem poſt Meridiem arcum decurrit terminatum ſcilicet ad 30. gra-<pb pagenum="143" xlink:href="025/01/147.jpg"></pb>dum ſupra Horizontem; errorem eſſe dico; quia Luna exiſtente in maxi<lb></lb>mâ declinatione Auſtrali, arcus illius diuinus ab Ortivo puncto Horizon<lb></lb>tis ad Meridianum, vix eſt 60. graduum; igitur ſi detrahantur 50. ſuper<lb></lb>ſunt 30. quos dum Luna decurrit, duabus ſcilicet horis Æquinoctialibus <lb></lb>& 4. minutis, durat æſtus; quod apertè falſum eſſe conſtat; tamdiu re<lb></lb>fluxus duraret. </s> <s id="s.001623">Prætereà, æſtus, qui fieret poſt Occaſum Lunæ, longè <lb></lb>major eſſet priore; nempè arcus illius paralleli ſub Horizonte, longè ma<lb></lb>jor eſt alio; quem Luna ſupra Horizontem excurrit, <gap></gap> cuncta hæc experi<lb></lb>mentis repugnant. </s> <s id="s.001624">Dixi ſuprà, per ſe, cùm per accidens fieri poſſit, vt tem<lb></lb>pora fluxus & refluxus inæqualia ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001625"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001626"> Ex præmiſſis principiis hoc manifeſtè deducitur; nempè ſin<lb></lb>gulis pænè momentis, mutatur in globo punctum, ſeu Polus maximæ ele<lb></lb>vationis, ac proinde centrum circulorum & arcuum preſſionis, quorum <lb></lb>cum diverſa ſit ratio & proportio, propter varios continentis & Maris <lb></lb>tractus, in ſuperficie globi, ſine certâ lege diſtinctos, inde neceſſariò ſe<lb></lb>quitur diverſa vis preſſionis, diverſa impreſſio, diverſa appulſus, vel illa<lb></lb>pſus linea: quod vt meliùs intelligas fige pedem circini ad Occiduum <lb></lb>Guineæ Promontorium, non procul ab Oſtio Nigri, ductíſque innumeris <lb></lb>circulis ex illo centro, concentricis & parallelis, diſtingue arcus vtiles ab <lb></lb>inutilibus, ſenſimque promoto versùs Ortum illo centro, vſque ad 60. <lb></lb>gradus, ſi vlteriùs illud promoveas, vſque ad 90. circuli preſſionis <lb></lb>maxima ex parte, vel continenti Africæ, Europæ, Aſiæ vel Indico Ocea<lb></lb>no incumbent, ac proinde inutiles erunt reſpectu prædicti loci: quid mi<lb></lb>rum igitur, ſi 4. dumtaxat horis in eo æſtus aſſurgat, deprimatur verò plu<lb></lb>ribus? </s> <s id="s.001627">Nam promoto versùs Oceanum centro, diverſa eſt circulorum preſ<lb></lb>ſionis ratio. </s> <s id="s.001628">Aliquid ſimile obſervabis, fixo circini pede ad litus Cam<lb></lb>baiæ; tanquam in centro: accedit, quòd ex multis capitibus prædicta <lb></lb>æſtuum inæqualitas inducitur; Primò, per planum magis inclinatum, lon<lb></lb>giùs excurrit & velociùs, licèt plus temporis ponat in decurrendo magis <lb></lb>inclinato, cuncta hæc ex doctrina motuum perſpicua ſunt; tantumdem <lb></lb>temporis aqua ponit in deſcenſu per planum inclinatum., quantum in <lb></lb>aſcenſu. </s> <s id="s.001629">Secundò, Si poſt quàm aqua regredi cœpit, nova quædam fiat <lb></lb>æſtus reflexio, versùs fluminis fauces, vel ſi aqua libero quidem aditu ſu<lb></lb>beat, ſed exitu difficiliore, tunc acceſſus breviore tempore fiet quàm re<lb></lb>ceſſus. </s> <s id="s.001630">Tertiò, Si nova reflexio accedat, antequam aqua regredi incipiat, <lb></lb>vel agger quidam appoſitus ad fauces ſinus, aut fluminis primam vim ac<lb></lb>ceſſus retundat, vt videre eſt ad fauces Sequanæ & Garumnæ, receſſus bre<lb></lb>viore tempore fiet quàm acceſſus. </s> <s id="s.001631">Quartò, Pro diverſo æſtus ad oram ap<lb></lb>pulſu, vel illapſu, longiùs per alveum fluviorum vel minùs longè aqua ex<lb></lb>currit; item pro diverſa alvei inclinatione; hinc facilè crediderim, alveum <lb></lb>illorum fluminum, in quibus ad aliquot centena milliaria æſtus excurrit, <lb></lb>eſſe valde inclinatum Quintò, Dicam ampliùs, ratione ejuſdem loci, non<lb></lb>modò æſtum altiùs aut minùs altè attolli, verùm eſſe aliquando acceſſum <lb></lb>majorem, aliàs minorem eſſe poſſe; quia mutatur ſingulis diebus centrum <lb></lb>circulorum preſſionis, etiam reſpectu ejuſdem loci; item aliquando ac-<pb pagenum="144" xlink:href="025/01/148.jpg"></pb>ceſſum æqualem eſſe acceſſui, aliquando diuturniorem, aliàs breviorem <lb></lb>cuncta hæc ex diverſa preſſionis ratione pendent: eſt autem diverſa ratio <lb></lb>pro diverſo tractu & centro.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001632"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001633"> Sed quaero ex te vtrùm eadem ſemper hora Meridiana <lb></lb>Lunari, id eſt, eo momento, quo Luna Meridianum loci attigit, ſummus <lb></lb>æſtus ſit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001634"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001635"> Per ſe quidem ſummus æſtus ſemper eſt, exiſtente Luna in Me<lb></lb>ridiano loci, ſive ſupra, ſive infra Horizontem; per accidens tamen ſecus <lb></lb>accidit; & Primò quidem ex diverſa preſſionis ratione; Nempe fieri po<lb></lb>teſt, vt hora decima Lunari reſpectu alicujus loci, ſit maximus preſſionis <lb></lb>effectus, ac proinde ſummus æſtus. </s> <s id="s.001636">Secundò, Ob concurſum æſtuum Ge<lb></lb>mini Matis tractus, vt fit in Germanico & Britannico, nempe longè ante <lb></lb>Meridiem Lunarem, reſpectu Dieppæ & Oſtij Sequanæ Oceanus Septem<lb></lb>trionalis intumeſcit, à quo in Germanicum vis preſſionis traducitur, & hinc <lb></lb>per Fretum Gallicum, Dieppam, & ad Oſtium Sequanæ ; quò etiam cùm ex <lb></lb>Britannico, quaſi ex averſo vis preſſionis incumbat, licèt paulò tardiùs <lb></lb>quàm ex Germanico, quod ad Ortum ſitum eſt, vtriuſque concurſu ſum<lb></lb>mus æſtus Dieppæ aſſurgit, itémque ad Oſtium Sequanæ ; hîc quidem priùs <lb></lb>vna ferè hora propter reflexionem magis directam. </s> <s id="s.001637">Hinc fieri poteſt; vt aſ<lb></lb>ſurgat ſummus æſtus in duobus locis ſub diverſo Meridiano ſitis, eodem <lb></lb>tempore, v.g. ſi accipiatur alter locus diſtans Dieppa 7. grad.1/2. verſus Or<lb></lb>tum, in quo ſummus æſtus ſit hora vndecima Lunari; illic enim & Dieppæ <lb></lb>eodem tempore ſummus erit æſtus. </s> <s id="s.001638">Pari modo facilè dici poteſt, cur mul<lb></lb>tis in locis ſummus æſtus ſit poſt Meridiem v, g. Burdigalæ, ad Garumnam, <lb></lb>Antuerpiæ ad Scaldim, Hamburgi ad Albim, ſummus æſtus eſt hora ſexta <lb></lb>Lunari poſt ejuſdem Meridiem, quia per motum æſtus aſcendit in alveo <lb></lb>fluminum; igitur tardiùs pervenit ad loca longè diſſita à fluminis faucibus: <lb></lb>Amſterodami 3. hora Lunari poſt Meridiem; in ipſo verò Meridie Lu<lb></lb>nari, Encuſæ, haud procul poſitæ; quia per diverſos mæandros in <lb></lb>eo maris ſinu, Amſterodamum æſtus appellit, liberiùs Encuſam; in <lb></lb>oram Friſiæ adhuc liberiùs; hinc tertia hora Lunati ante Meridiem Luna<lb></lb>rem, ibi fit ſummus æſtus; nempe ab Oceano Septemtrionali tantulùm <lb></lb>versùs Ortum declinante vis preſſionis traducitur in Germanicum, & qua<lb></lb>ſi directè in oram Friſiæ; Oceanus autem Septemtrionalis propter mo<lb></lb>dicam Meridianorum diſtantiam in eo Boreali tractu, in Germanicum <lb></lb>incumbit, antequam Luna ad illum Meridianum perveniat; cui Ma<lb></lb>re Germanicum ſubeſt, vnde prior ratio indicata plurimùm confirmatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001639">Itaque ex dictis conſtat, ſummum æſtum eſſe poſſe ſub diverſis Meridia<lb></lb>nis, eodem tempore, & ſub eodem, in diverſis locis, diverſo, & ſin<lb></lb>gulares quoſlibet caſus ad præmiſſa & communia principia reduci, mo<lb></lb>do ſingulares circumſtantiæ habeantur, ratione quarum, vel ſummus æſtus <lb></lb>cum Lunæ motu convenit, vel tardiùs aut citiùs accidit; mihi ſatis ſit ali<lb></lb>quas obiter indicate. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001640">Primò, Si nihil appulſum æſtus impediat, nihil promoveat, ſed mare <lb></lb>ab incubante aëre preſſum inæqualiter, liberè intumeſcar, ſummus æſtus <pb pagenum="145" xlink:href="025/01/149.jpg"></pb>erit ſemper hora meridiana Lunari, id eſt, eo temporis puncto, <lb></lb>quo Luna Meridianum illius loci attingit, ſive ſupra, ſive infra Hori<lb></lb>zontem, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001641">Secundo. </s> <s id="s.001642">Si res ita compoſitæ, ſeu diſpoſitæ ſint, vt concurrant æſtus, vel <lb></lb>in freto, vel vltra freti fauces, in quibuſdam tractibus ſummus æſtus erit <lb></lb>ante meridiem, vt Dieppæ; quia ſcilicet aqua citiùs per freti anguſtias extru<lb></lb>ditur; adde reflexionem quamdam, quæ ſequitur ex vtroque niſu maris ver<lb></lb>sùs fretum connitentis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001643">Tertio. </s> <s id="s.001644">Si mare versùs Auſtrum eat, ſenſimque declinet ora versùs <lb></lb>Boream, ad oram illam, ſummus æſtus erit ante meridiem Lunarem vt in <lb></lb>Friſiæ ora. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001645">Quarto. </s> <s id="s.001646">Si per varios ſinus & mæandros mare in terras ſeſe inſinuat, ſum<lb></lb>mus æſtus erit poſt meridiem Lunarem, vt Amſterodami, & in iis locis, quæ <lb></lb>ſita ſunt verſus extremum ſinum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001647">Quinto. </s> <s id="s.001648">Si æſtus per alueos fluviorum aſcendat, quò longiùs diſtat ab <lb></lb>oſtio fluvij locus aliquis, eò tardiùs ſummum æſtum habet, ſcilicet <lb></lb>poſt meridiem Lunarem, vt Burdigala, Hamburgum, Rotomagus, An<lb></lb>tuerpia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001649">Sexto. </s> <s id="s.001650">Si aliquis terræ tractus longiùs in mare porrigatur, citiùs habet <lb></lb>ſummum æſtum, & tardiùs, vt dixi, extremitas ſinuum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001651">Septimo. </s> <s id="s.001652">Diverſus litorum ſitus ad talem vel talem reflexionem diſpo<lb></lb>ſitus non parum confert; reflexionem, inquam, niſus, ſeu preſſio<lb></lb>nis aquæ cujuſvis ab oppoſito latere ſeu littore versù; aliud quaſi refle<lb></lb>ctitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001653">Octavo. </s> <s id="s.001654">Adde lineam curſus aquæ, prout ſcilicet vel obliquiùs, vel minus <lb></lb>obliquè incidit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001655">Nono. </s> <s id="s.001656">Adde etiam diverſam preſſionis rationem, qua fieri poteſt, vt <lb></lb>ſumma vis preſſionis non ſit reſpectu alicujus loci conſtituto centro ar<lb></lb>cuum preſſionis in dicto loco, ſed in alio, ſeu versùs ortum, quo poſito, <lb></lb>ſummus æſtus erit ante meridiem Lunarem; ſeu versùs occaſum, quo ſup<lb></lb>poſito, poſt meridiem Lunarem in dicto loco erit. </s> <s id="s.001657">Ex his reliqua, ni fallor, <lb></lb>facilè intelligetis, aut ſaltem ſi quid difficile, reſtet ſignificare dignabi<lb></lb>mini. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001658"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001659"> Pauca haud dubiè reſtant, quæ vel abundè non fuerint ex<lb></lb>poſita, vel ex iis, quæ à te dicta ſunt, facilè non intelligantur, & mihi <lb></lb>videor rationem afferre poſſe illorum omnium, quæ in hac materia maxi<lb></lb>mam admirationem conciliare ſolent v.g. cur multa litora, vel nullum vel <lb></lb>modicum æſtum patiantur, alia verò maximum; quid Luna ad æſtum con<lb></lb>erat, ita vt in Plenilunio & Novilunio maximus æſtus ſit, eiuſque ſummum, <lb></lb>Luna in Meridiano exiſtente, niſi per accidens ſecus fiat; cur in duobus <lb></lb>locis, ſub eodem Meridiano ſitis diverſo tempore, eodem verò, ſub di<lb></lb>verſo Meridiano; cur in fretis gemini æſtus concurrant; cur is, qui fer<lb></lb>tur ab ortu intra fretum longiùs accedat, minus verò, qui venit <lb></lb>ab occaſu; cur alibi rapidiſſimus ſit, mitior alibi, cur alicubi ante <lb></lb>meridiem Lunarem, alibi poſt; paſſim tamen in ipſo meridie; <pb pagenum="146" xlink:href="025/01/150.jpg"></pb>cur in quibuſdam tractibus acceſſus plus duret, quàm receſſus; in aliis ve<lb></lb>rò plus receſſus; quàm acceſſus, licèt vnus per ſe alteri ſit aquè diutur<lb></lb>nus; cur per ſe mare ſex horis 12. minutis aſcendat, & totidem depri<lb></lb>matur, cur ſingulis diebus vna ferè hora, hoc eſt 48. minutis æſtus tardiùs <lb></lb>aſſurgere incipiat, quàm pridie, idque ſemper & per ſe, Luna in Meridia<lb></lb>no horæ ſextæ exiſtente; cur in quibuſdam oris ad 70. & 80. pedum alti<lb></lb>tudinem mare per æſtum in Plenilunio attollatur, in aliis vix ad vnum pe<lb></lb>dem, in multis verò nihil prorſus; cuncta hæc & alia multa ex principiis <lb></lb>à te jactis nullo negotio deducuntur; alia quædam occurrunt, quæ mihi <lb></lb>vel dubia ſunt, vel eorum ratio incomperta; à dubiis initium duco. </s> <s id="s.001660">Pri<lb></lb>mum eſt quod aliqui dicunt, in Plenilunio ſcilicet majorem eſſe vim æſtus, <lb></lb>quàm in Novilunio ad Calecutium; cùm tamen ad indi oſtia in Novilunio <lb></lb>majores ſint æſtus; alterum verò quod alij referunt, quibuſdam in locis <lb></lb>per totos quindecim dies, à Novilunio ſcilicet, ad Plenilunium continuò <lb></lb>æſtum creſcere; ita vt ſummum crementum ſit in Novilunio & Plenilunio, <lb></lb>ac totidem diebus aquam ſubſidere, vt obſerva tum eſt, inquiunt, circa <lb></lb>Cubam & Hiſpaniolam; item in fluvio Vanna vel Vanſone ad Pachinum <lb></lb>Sinarum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001661"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001662"> Ab hoc vltimo incipio, quia involvit repugnantia; nempe cùm <lb></lb>in prædictis, vt & in multis aliis Mediterranei locis, æſtus ſit tantùm ſenſi<lb></lb>bilis in Plenilunio & Novilunio, quia cùm tunc Majores ſint, vt ſupra di<lb></lb>ximus, conſtatque experientia; quid mirum, ſi tunc ſenſibiles ſint? </s> <s id="s.001663">vnde <lb></lb>non nemo occaſionem arripuit, dicendi, creſcere continuo in iis locis <lb></lb>per totos 15. dies, à Novilunio ſcilicet ad Plenilunium; quod falſiſſimum <lb></lb>eſt; quia ſingulis diebus - bis creſcit, & bis refluit. </s> <s id="s.001664">Sed inſenſibiliter, niſi <lb></lb>paucis diebus ante & poſt Novilunium ac Plenilunium; hæc autem ſunt <lb></lb>inter ſe repugnantia, decreſcere continuo à Plenilunio ad Novilunium ac <lb></lb>proinde in Novilunio mare eſſe maximè depreſſum, cùm in eo ſit terminus <lb></lb>decrementi, & toto reliquo menſe nullum ſenſibilem æſtum apparere; <lb></lb>fieri tamen aquarum tumorem ſenſibilem in Novilunio & Plenilunio. </s> <s id="s.001665">Ve<lb></lb>nio ad primum, & dico, de eo mihi maximum dubium eſſe, quanquam <lb></lb>pro diverſo Lunæ ſitu, non negarim fieri poſſe, vt major æſtus ſit in Novi<lb></lb>lunio, quàm in Plenilunio; cum enim fauces Indi ſint ferè ſub Tropico <lb></lb>Caneri, ſi ſupponamus Novilunium fieri in Tropico Cancri, de Meridie <lb></lb>maximus erit ibi aquæ tumor, cùm linea abſidum eo terminetur, minor <lb></lb>tamen erit de media nocte; quia extremitas lineæ abſidum inde diſtat 47. <lb></lb>gradibus; ſi verò Plenilunium fiat in Tropico Capricorni, de Meridie ma<lb></lb>ximus æſtus ibidem erit, quia vt linea abſidum à Tropico ad Tropicum <lb></lb>per centrum globi tunc eat, de Meridie extremitas prædictæ lineæ, quæ <lb></lb>ad Tropicum Cancri terminatur, reſpondet lineæ Meridianæ; itaque ſi <lb></lb>compatetur diurnus Plenilunij cum nocturno Novilunij, in Novilunio mi<lb></lb>nor æſtus erit, quàm in Plenilunio, ſive diurnus Novilunij <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> nocturno Ple<lb></lb>nilunij, major erit in Novilunio, ſed profectò deſunt obſervationes, & Au<lb></lb>tores ſuper hoc in ſenſus contrarios eunt, vtpote qui non tam ex obſerva<lb></lb>tionibus, quàm ex propriis conjecturis multa deducant & ſcribant, quæ <pb pagenum="147" xlink:href="025/01/151.jpg"></pb>omitto, vobiſque refutanda relinquo; accedit, quòd diverſa preſſionis ra<lb></lb>tio rem hanc plurimùm variat; immo Autores ſuper hoc ſibi non conſtant, <lb></lb>& vnus illorum, ſi rectè memini, cùm docuiſſet, incrementa matis majora <lb></lb>fieri in Pleniluniis ad Calecutium, in Noviluniis verò ad Indi oſtia, ſequen<lb></lb>ti ſtatim pagina dicit, alicubi majora eſſe in Noviluniis, vt ad Calecu<lb></lb>tium, alibi verò majora in Pleniluniis, vt ad Indi Oſtia; idem re<lb></lb>petit poſt quintam paginam; vnde vides, cuncta hæc parum certa <lb></lb>eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001666"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001667"> In hac re nihil aliud deſidero, niſi novas & accuratas obſer<lb></lb>vationes, circa diurnum & nocturnum æſtum, dum Luna ſita eſt <lb></lb>extra Æquatorem, ac præſertim circa Tropicos; alia quædam de <lb></lb>quibus certò conſtat, quorum cauſæ mihi compertæ non ſunt, ex <lb></lb>te quærenda reſtant: primum eſt, cur dum æſtus aſſurgit ſub initium <lb></lb>& finem minoribus, crementis aſſurgat, majoribus verò ſub me<lb></lb>dium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001668"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001669"> In Sinu Tarentino dum æſtus ſex horis aſſurgit, & fortè duo<lb></lb>decim minutis, quæ ſub ſenſum non cadunt, vt dixi ſupra, & toti<lb></lb>dem refluit, hæc accuratè obſervata ſunt, in Novilunio v. g. prima <lb></lb>hora lentè accedit, ſecunda tantulùm intenditur motus, tertia & <lb></lb>quarta, longè velocior evadit, quinta remittit, vt in ſecunda: in ſex<lb></lb>ta denique vt in prima: idem fit in Plenilunio: vegetior autem æſtus eſt <lb></lb>quatriduo ante & quatriduo poſt Novilunium & Plenilunium, reliquo <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.151.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/151/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tempore longè remiſſior. </s> <s id="s.001670">Hæc literis ad me datis à <lb></lb>viro ſapientiſſimo qui præſens illa inſpiciebat, acce<lb></lb>pi ac fideliter retuli: Vt autem rationem, quam <lb></lb>petis exponam, ſuppono ex Geometria, ſinus com<lb></lb>plementi, quo magis accedunt ad ſinum totum, <lb></lb>habere minorem proportionem inæqualitatis. </s> <s id="s.001671">Sit <lb></lb>enim quadrans MLN in quo accipiantur arcus <lb></lb>æquales L, P, E, R, Z, & ducantur ſinus com<lb></lb>plementi XP, TE, SR, VZ, dico ML ad XP, habere minorem <lb></lb>proportionem inæqualitatis, quàm XP ad TE, & XP, ad TE, <lb></lb>quàm TE ad SR, atque ita deinceps quod vel ex ipſis ſinuum Ta<lb></lb>bulis conſtat; hoc ſuppoſito, cùm aqua intumeſcat magis vel minùs <lb></lb>iuxta proportionem inæqualis preſſionis, & preſſio inæqualis ſit iuxta <lb></lb>rationem circulorum preſſionis inæqualium, hi porrò inæquales ſint <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.151.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/151/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>iuxta rationem prædictorum ſinuum com<lb></lb>plementi, mare per æſtum intumeſcit ad <lb></lb>inſtar pruni, vel ſphæroidos, vt jam ſupra <lb></lb>dictum eſt. </s> <s id="s.001672">Sit autem quadrans ellipſeos <lb></lb>ABD, & quadrans circuli ABY di<lb></lb>viſus in quotcunque arcus æquales; item <lb></lb>quadrans circuli AGD; ſint anguli <lb></lb>GAF, DAE æquales, quadrans <lb></lb>ABY eſt ad quadrantem ellipticum <pb pagenum="148" xlink:href="025/01/152.jpg"></pb>cum ABD, vt AY ad AD, ſunt enim figuræ analogæ vel homoge<lb></lb>neæ, vt vocare ſoleo; item quadrans ABD eſt ad quadrantem AGD, vt <lb></lb>AY ad AD; igitur figura YDB eſt ad figuram BGD, vt AY ad AD, ſunt<lb></lb>que duæ iſtæ figuræ homogeneæ; igitur vt YD ad GB, ita EO ad CI, <lb></lb>ita HO ad CF, ita K a ad ab; ſed YD, BG ſunt æquales, igitur OE <lb></lb>& IC æquales, item OH & CF, item a K & ab, igitur tantum creſ<lb></lb>cit aqua vi preſſionis à B in I, quantum ab H ad Y, vel ab E in D ; igitur <lb></lb>ſub initium & finem creſcit aqua modicis incrementis, iiſque reciprocè <lb></lb>æqualibus hinc inde, aſſumptis ſcilicet angulis æqualibus; majori<lb></lb>bus verò ſub medium; en tibi germanam & facilem tui quæſiti ra<lb></lb>tionem, quæ dubito, an æquè facilè in qualibet alia hypotheſi afferri <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001673"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001674"> Quid dici queat, quod in rem hanc meliùs quadret, certè non <lb></lb>video; ſed cur in Æquinoctiis æſtus major eſt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001675"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001676"> Iam ſupra ea ſuper hoc expoſui, quæ tibi facerent ſatis, ſi for<lb></lb>tè in memoriam revocares; nempe, vt jam indicavi, ſi Autores illos <lb></lb>conſulamus, qui de hoc argumento ſcripſerunt, nihil ferè niſi repugnan<lb></lb>tia inter ſe inveniemus; nimirum aliqui ſcripſerunt, æſtum maximum eſſe <lb></lb>in Solſtitiis, minimum verò in Æquinoctiis, alij contra maximum in <lb></lb>Æquinoctiis, minimum in Solſtitiis; alij majorem in Æquinoctio ver<lb></lb>no; alij majorem in autumnali; alij majorem in Solſtitio Brumali, mi<lb></lb>norem in Æſtivo; alij majorem in æſtivo, minorem in Brumali nihil af<lb></lb>fingo; Auguſtine, hæc adeò repugnantia apud Autores invenies. </s> <s id="s.001677">De Sol<lb></lb>ſtitiis nihil certi, cùm etiam in hoc Autores varient, non dubito tamen, <lb></lb>quin, id quod eſt, in noſtram notitiam venire poſſit, fidelis obſervatio<lb></lb>nis opera, in eodem ſcilicet loco; nempe pro diverſis locis, diverſa ra<lb></lb>tio eſt, cùm diverſa ſit preſſio; ſed pro eodem loco facilè obſervari po<lb></lb>teſt in vtroque Solſtitio æſtus aſſurgentis menſura, tum diurni, tum no<lb></lb>cturni; cùm multum inter vtrumque diſcrimen eſſe poſſit; nulla autem re<lb></lb>gula certa ſtatui poteſt, propter diverſam preſſionis rationem, ob ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem globi variis, ſine lege & ordine, maris & continentis tractibus di<lb></lb>ſtinctam. </s> <s id="s.001678">Quod pertinet ad Æquinoctia; hoc vnum certò conſtat, maxi<lb></lb>mum in iis cieri æſtum, Luna ſcilicet plena aut nova, ſaltem in noſtro <lb></lb>Oceano, intra Europam; rationem hic globus tibi ſuggeret, in quo <lb></lb>vides, Luna exiſtente in Æquatore arcus preſſionum eſſe majores; vbi <lb></lb>verò Luna declinat versùs Boream, in quo tractu, Europa noſtra ſita eſt, <lb></lb>vides, ni fallor, quantam prædictorum arcuum aream circulus maximæ <lb></lb>preſſionis reſcindat, traducátque ad oppoſitum hemiſphærium, exiſten<lb></lb>te Luna infra horizontem ad Meridianum; qua ſita ſupra horizontem, de <lb></lb>meridie ſcilicet Luna nova, de media nocte, in Plenilunio vides quan<lb></lb>tam maxima pars Americæ inutilem reddat: vbi porro Luna declinat in <lb></lb>Auſtrum, eadem prorſus ratio militat; poſita enim Luna in Tropico <lb></lb>Capricorni, in Novilunio de meridie idem eſt circulus maximæ preſſio<lb></lb>nis, qui erat de media nocte dum Luna nova eſſet in Tropico Can<lb></lb>cri; in Plenilunio verò, de meridie, idem eſt circulus maximæ <pb pagenum="149" xlink:href="025/01/153.jpg"></pb>preſſionis, qui erat de media nocte, dum Luna eſſet in dicto Tropico <lb></lb>Cancri; vnde vt vides, eadem pro vtroque Solſtitio ratio militat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001679"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc tua ratio probat, in vtroque Æquinoctio, æſtum æqualem <lb></lb>eſſe; at graviſſimi Autores dicunt majorem eſſe in Æquinoctio autumnali <lb></lb>v.g.ad oſtia Garumnæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001680"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001681"> Ita eſt æquè pro vtroque probat hæc ratio, & ita eſſe nemo <lb></lb>inficiatur. </s> <s id="s.001682">Scilicet per ſe; nam per accidens ſecus accidere poteſt; v.g.eo <lb></lb>quod major vis humoris aëri admixta ſit ſub Æquinoctium Autumnale, <lb></lb>quàm ſub Vernum; & verò cum ſit terminus æſtatis, dubium non eſt, <lb></lb>quin longè major humoris ſeu vaporis, in quem humor abit copia aëri ad<lb></lb>mixta ſit; vnde major evadit gravitatio, major preſſio, & major æſtus: in <lb></lb>Zona torrida & Auſtrali ſecus dicendum eſt; accedit, quod in Æquino<lb></lb>ctio, rarò fit Novilunium aut Plenilunium; ſed tantùm aliquot ante, vel <lb></lb>poſt diebus; adde diverſam venti vim, quæ ad majorem æſtum non parum <lb></lb>confert; ſi hæc tibi non faciant ſatis, nihil habeo vltra quod tibi ex<lb></lb>ponam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001683"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001684"> Faciunt haud dubiè; nec dubito, quin paucis aliis poſtu<lb></lb>latis, quæ mihi reſtant etiam facturus ſis ſatis; quæro igitur ex, <lb></lb>te, vtrum vrinatores, qui profundiùs immerguntur, vim & motum æſtus ſen<lb></lb>tiant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001685"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001686"> Gaſſendus hoc ipſum probari curavit, invenítque non ſentiri <lb></lb>æſtum pluribus paſſibus infra ſuperficiem maris, quod certè ex præmiſſis <lb></lb>omnino ſequitur; nempè infra arcum BY ne minima quidem impreſſio <lb></lb>aquæ accidit; in quo meo judicio, nulla eſt difficultas; vnde fabulam reputo, <lb></lb>ab ebulliente mari per æſtum, marinas belluas ſurſum ad ſuperficiem pelli, <lb></lb>illud fortè verius, ſeu veriſſimilius, ad litus Perſicum allidi piſces <lb></lb>ad ſcopulos, quod aliquando vi ſæviſſimæ tempeſtatis actum eſſe <lb></lb>ferunt; hinc piſces ſæviente procella in maris profundum ſe reci<lb></lb>piunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001687"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001688"> Illud etiam fabuloſum crediderim; quod à quibuſdam Auto<lb></lb>ribus refertur, ſcilicet ad Norvegiam, eſſe quemdam maris tractum, in quo <lb></lb>ſenis horis Naves & grandia cete ſorbentur à mari, & aliis Senis extrudun<lb></lb>tur; itémque inter Angliam & Nortmanniam eſſe voraginem, versùs quam <lb></lb>naves velociſſimo curſu actæ etiam vicinæ gurgiti repelluntur. </s> <s id="s.001689">Hæc meta <lb></lb>ſunt Nautarum garrientium figmenta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001690"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001691"> Idem quoque ſentio; quanquam prædictus gurges Angliam <lb></lb>inter & Nortmanniam, ipſe fortè eſt gemini æſtus concurſus, qui non <lb></lb>diſſimilem effectum præſtaret, vt conſideranti patebit; Ille verò tractus <lb></lb>ad Norvegiam, qui naves votat, ac deinde evomit, dubito an ſit circel<lb></lb>lus maximæ depreſſionis, quem circa Polum mundi deſcribit punctum di<lb></lb>ſtans à Parallelo Lunari 90. gradibus nempe ad inſtar cujuſdam voraginis <lb></lb>eſt, ſubſidente aqua ſenis horis, ac totidem aſſurgente; ſed dum res certò <lb></lb>non conſtet, quod ſit, fruſtra quæritur, propter quid ſit: Non negarim <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan>, <lb></lb>versùs Norvegiam, in quo re verà tractu mare profundiſſimum eſt, quaſdam <pb pagenum="150" xlink:href="025/01/154.jpg"></pb>voragines eſſe poſſe, in quibus ratione ſitus, æſtus ipſe mirificos præſtet ef<lb></lb>fectus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001692"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001693"> Pro baſine quod aliqui ſcribunt, in cingulis ex Lupi marini co<lb></lb>tio factis, per æſtum pilos erigi & ſtare, in refluxu verò deprimi, hoc etiam <lb></lb>fabulam olet, ni fallor. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001694"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001695"> Vt vt ſit, quædam humore rigeſcunt, ac proinde eriguntur, <lb></lb>vt funes ex canabe, præterea per æſtum, aër minus compreſſus eſt, magis <lb></lb>in refluxu; quid mirum ergo, ſi refluxus tempore pilos illos de<lb></lb>primat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001696"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001697"> Sed quid cenſes de iis fontibus & puteis, quorum aliqui at<lb></lb>tolluntur cum Oceano per æſtum, alij contra ſubſidunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001698"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001699"> Multa etiam fabuloſa de his Scriptoribus promulgata fue<lb></lb>runt; difficile tamen non eſt; rationem horum adducere; nempè altior <lb></lb>aqua per æſtum, plus aquæ extrudit per exiguos arenoſæ terræ meatus; <lb></lb>minus verò aqua ſubſidens; quòd ſi per longiores mæandros aqua tradu<lb></lb>cenda eſt, ad putei, ſeu fontis recepta culum non tam citò pervenit, ſed fortè <lb></lb>ſex horis tardiùs. </s> <s id="s.001700">Sic <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſtillant fornices, eo die, quo pluit, ſed altero, immo <lb></lb>tertio poſt die, pro diverſa for nicis craſſitudine; nec obeſt, aquam dul<lb></lb>cem eſſe; quia marina per arenam percolata dulceſſit: nihil dico de aliis <lb></lb>multis fontibus, qui aliquoties per diem intumeſcunt, ac deinde ſubſi<lb></lb>dunt, nulla tamen temporum ſervata lege, quia ad hoc argumentum non <lb></lb>pertinent: quanquam in diverſis fontibus artefactis facilè videmus, quid <lb></lb>etiam induſtrioſa natura in hac materia præſtare valeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001701"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001702"> Alia Exciderant; quid enim de Mari Caſpio, de Ponto Euxino, <lb></lb>de Mari Baltico, de Eurippo ad Eubeam, de quibuſdam lacubus in Ameri<lb></lb>ca, in quibus æſtus fieri dicitur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001703"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001704"> In Caſpio, Euxinio, Baltico, vel nullus, vel modicus æſtus eſt <lb></lb>cùm ab Oceano traduci non poſſit, & tractus aquarum breviores ſint, & <lb></lb>ita ſiti, vt ſenſibilem preſſionis inæqualitatem non inducant. </s> <s id="s.001705">De lacubus <lb></lb>Americæ memoratis, dicendum eſt, vel eſſe tantæ longitudinis vt 700. <lb></lb>etiam milliaria adæquent, quod ſufficit, vt aliqua preſſionis inæqualitas <lb></lb>inducatur, vel per majorem fluminis alveum ab Oceano vim æſtus eò tra<lb></lb>duci, quod ſaltem meo judicio, difficultate caret. </s> <s id="s.001706">Iam de celeberrimo <lb></lb>illo Græciæ Eurippo nunc dicam, de quo fabuloſa multa narrantur; nem<lb></lb>pe aliàs ſepties ſingulis diebus æſtuaſſe dicitur, nunc verò quater in die: <lb></lb>quod ad me ſpectat, fateor vltro, me nunquam vidiſſe; quantum tamen <lb></lb>ex incolarum relationibus audire potui, bis ſingulis diebus in præfato Eu<lb></lb>rippo recurrit æſtus; ſed quia it reditque duodecim horis, aliiſque duo<lb></lb>decim pariter fluit, ac reſinit æquè rapido curſu, quater in die æſtuare vi<lb></lb>detur; hujus autem Eurippi eadem ratio eſt, quæ aliorum, de qua jam <lb></lb>ſupra; fieri tamen poteſt, vt quemadmodum de Siculo diximus, concur<lb></lb>rant in iſto gemini æſtus, ab vtraque ſcilicet extremitate, nempe ad orti<lb></lb>vam vis æſtus traducitur per fauces illas, quæ ſunt inter Cretam & Orien<lb></lb>tale Peloponenſi cornu, non procul ab Inſula Cythere, vulgò <emph type="italics"></emph>Cerigo,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb pagenum="151" xlink:href="025/01/155.jpg"></pb>præter fluente aqua Orientalem Peloponeſi & Atticæ oram; ad occiduam <lb></lb>verò per medium quaſi Ægeum vis æſtus appellitur; ex præfato verò con<lb></lb>curſu varij vortices naſci videntur, qui vulgo ventorum vi, vel aliis cauſis <lb></lb>tribui ſolent; vnum dumtaxat libenter addo, anilem fabulam jam olim de <lb></lb>Ariſtotele ſparſam fuiſſe, cum ſcilicet, præ deſperatione, Eurippi cauſam <lb></lb>non capientem ſeſe in medium Euripum præcipitem dediſſe; quis hoc <lb></lb>amabò credat? </s> <s id="s.001707">niſi qui nimiæ laboret vitio credulitatis? </s> <s id="s.001708">Sed quid tamdiu <lb></lb>taciturnus fuiſti, ſuaviſſime Chryſocome? </s> <s id="s.001709">cur huc vſque de argumento <lb></lb>adeò difficili diſſerentem non interpellaſti? </s> <s id="s.001710">An fortè res iſta tibi non pla<lb></lb>cuit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001711"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001712"> Placuit haud dubiè, neque hoc inſiciari poſſum; ſilui tamen, <lb></lb>nec interpellavi vnquam, quia multa ſanè volvebam animo, quæ contra ea, <lb></lb>quæ dicebas, mihi opponenda eſſe videbantur, quæ mihi haud parum diffi<lb></lb>cultatis præferre videbantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001713"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001714"> Suſtine tantiſper Antime, & per te mihi liceat nodos <lb></lb>iſtos à Chryſocomo contextos diſſolvere mentem tuam callere ap<lb></lb>prime mihi videor; ſi quid in ſolutione mea deſideretur facilè ſupplere po<lb></lb>teris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001715"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001716"> Legem accepto; profer igitur, Chryſocome, illa omnia, <lb></lb>quæ volviſti animo adversùm nos: vtrumque diſſerentem libenter au<lb></lb>diam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001717"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001718"> Primo quidem loco incredibile eſſe videtur, tantam <lb></lb>vim ineſſe aëri, qua immenſum propemodum aquarum pondus attollere <lb></lb>poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001719"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001720"> An fortè putas, totam aquarum molem ab aëre gravitante <lb></lb>attolli, aut ſuſtineri? </s> <s id="s.001721">falleris; cùm illa tantùm aquæ portio ſuſtineatur, <lb></lb>quæ ſupra libellam maximæ depreſſionis attollitur, & quæ mihi videtur <lb></lb>per exigua, & ferè nulla, ſi cum tota aëris móle comparetur; & verò ſi <lb></lb>tota vis prementis aëris libera eſſet; id eſt, ſi omnes circuli & arcus preſ<lb></lb>ſionis vtiles eſſent; id eſt, ſi totam globi ſuperficiem aqua tegeret, æſtus <lb></lb>profectò longè altiùs aſſurgeret: ſed dic mihi, ſodes, quanta ſit altitudo <lb></lb>aëris gravitantis in circulum maximæ preſſionis, ſeu depreſſionis; ne ti<lb></lb>bi nimius videar, laſſumo tantùm 1000. ſemidiametros terræ; igitur <lb></lb>859000.leucas, quarum quælibet continet 4. millaria, vt quodlibet mil<lb></lb>liare 1000. paſſus geometricos, quilibet paſſus 5. pedes; ſupponamus au<lb></lb>tem aquam eſſe graviorem aëre millie <gap></gap>; igitur ſi cylindrus prædictæ alti<lb></lb>tudinis iuxta communem innatantium legem, aquæ innataret, vna ſui <lb></lb>milleſima parte immergeretur, atque adeò ſegmentum immerſum <lb></lb>859. Leucarum eſſet; tantumdem igitur aquæ attolleret; miror <lb></lb>igitur, illum, de quo dubitare videris, aëris gravitantis ni<lb></lb>ſum majorem non eſſe: immo inde facilè colligo, longè majo<lb></lb>rem eſſe gravitatis aquæ proportionem ad gravitatem aëris, & in<lb></lb>feriorem aëra fortè graviorem ſuperiore, tum propter humorem ad<lb></lb>mixtum, tum fortè, quia compreſſior eſt: caſtiga igitur præoccupatum <pb pagenum="152" xlink:href="025/01/156.jpg"></pb>animum, & ratiocinare ex certis principiis, & dubitationi locus non <lb></lb>erit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001722"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ſententia nimiam novitatem præ ſe fert; ac proinde vel <lb></lb>hoc nomine ſuſpécta multis eſſe videbitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001723"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001724"> Fateor vltro, hanc ſententiam novam eſſe, ſed ex antiquis <lb></lb>& certis principiis deducta; quòd ſi minimè liceat, nullus vnquam reſ <lb></lb>literariæ progreſſus ſperandus eſt: & verò quid damni ex hac novitate ti<lb></lb>meri poſſit, non video; ſupponit enim hæc ſententia marinum <expan abbr="æſtũ">æſtum</expan> cum iis <lb></lb>omnibus phænomenis, quæ à rerum iſtarum peritiſſimis obſervata fuere; <lb></lb>docet, prædictum æſtum eſſe à Luna, eiuſque incrementum in Novilunio <lb></lb>& Plenilunio; decrementum in Quadraturis; maximam vim circa Æqui<lb></lb>noctia; agnoſcit aëta gravem eſſe; quis hoc neget? </s> <s id="s.001725">atque adeò ſuo niſu, <lb></lb>ſua vi proſſiva pollere, quæ toties in actum exeritur, quoties major eſt, <lb></lb>quàm reſiſtentia; docet præterea Lunam ex noſtris elementis compactam <lb></lb>eſſe; & hæc communis eſt Sanctorum Patrum ſententia; ac proinde So<lb></lb>lis & caloris vi humorem educi ex Luna; denique docet commune me<lb></lb>dium versùs illum globum gravitare, cui propiùs eſt, vnde gravitationis, <lb></lb>ac proinde preſſionis inæqualitatem ſequi, neceſſe ſit, & ex hac, aqua<lb></lb>rum tumorem & æſtum. </s> <s id="s.001726">Cuncta hæc, etiam præſcindendo ab æſtu, ita à <lb></lb>natura conſtituta eſſe putarem; ſi vltra dubitas, ponamus ex hypotheſi, <lb></lb>nec enim, opinor, negabis ita eſſe poſſe; fingamus igitur, ita <lb></lb>eſſe; & vide, vtrùm cuncta æſtus marini phænomena rectè expli<lb></lb>centur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001727"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001728"> Si aër gravitat, cur eius pondus non ſentimus? </s> <s id="s.001729">deinde quomo<lb></lb>dò fieri poteſt, vt idem aëris tractus modò versùs vnum, modò verſus aliud <lb></lb>centrum gravitet? </s> <s id="s.001730">An fortè novit, cui proprior eſt? </s> <s id="s.001731">denique, humor ille <lb></lb>Lunaris, vbi ſemel terræ illapſus eſt, cùm hæc immobilis conſiſtat, non <lb></lb>videtur, quomodò in maternum patriumque ſinum & globum denuò redi<lb></lb>re valeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001732"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc facilè ſolvo; primum quidem, quia non ſentimus <lb></lb>aëris pondus ſicuti nec vrinatores pondus aquæ; nempe ideò me<lb></lb>dium gravitat, vt corpus ſubjectum levius ſurſum extrudat; nihil <lb></lb>ergo ab eius pondere nobis timendum eſt, qui aëre graviores ſu<lb></lb>mus; immo id vnum dumtaxat aëris, vel alterius medij gravita<lb></lb>tio in nobis præſtat, vt minùs graves ſimus, detracta nobis ea <lb></lb>gravitatis, ſeu gravitationis parte, quæ pondus tantæ molis aëris, quan<lb></lb>tæ nos ſumus, adæquat. </s> <s id="s.001733">Secundum verò ſic diluo; terminus extrinſecus <lb></lb>determinat lineam motus gravium, ex naturæ inſtituto, ſeù præſcripto <lb></lb>fine; nec opus eſt, vt mobile cognitione, aut ſenſu polleat; ſed cum ſuum <lb></lb>finem obtinere debeat, ſuam vim exerit ad illum obtinendum; cùm igitur <lb></lb>corpus grave debeat conſtituere vnum totum, ſeu <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan> <expan abbr="globũ">globum</expan> totalem, cum <lb></lb>aliis corporibus, ſeu partibus <expan abbr="eiuſdẽ">eiuſdem</expan> globi, vt <expan abbr="hũc">hunc</expan> finem obtineat, ferri debet <lb></lb>versùs commune centrum, in quo natura conſtituit terminum illius latio<lb></lb>nis; vnde ſi fortè centrum illud locum mutaret, etiam corpus grave lineam <lb></lb>motus mutaret. </s> <s id="s.001734">Res eſt perſpicua in terræ mobilis hypotheſi, quæ licèt vera <pb pagenum="153" xlink:href="025/01/157.jpg"></pb>non ſit, nemo tamen huc vſque negavit, poſſibilem eſſe. </s> <s id="s.001735">Quemadmodùm <lb></lb>verò corpus grave determinatur à termino extrinſeco, id eſt, à centro, ad <lb></lb>talem lineam gravitationis, licèt centrum illud non videat, nec cognoſcat, <lb></lb>ita determinatur ab eodem termino vel centro, cui propius eſt, licèt neſciat, <lb></lb>cuinam propius ſit. </s> <s id="s.001736">Tertium denique jam ſupra ſolutum eſt; nempe caloris <lb></lb>vi, Lunaris humor longè noſtro liberior ac proinde ſubtilior, facilè rareſcit, <lb></lb>atque avolat, is præſertim, qui extra vmbram terræ poſitus ſolares radios <lb></lb>diu excipit; in quo, meo judicio, nulla eſt difficultas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001737"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001738"> In quadraturis eadem ratio preſſionis eſſet; quia eadem <lb></lb>gravitationis inæqualitas, quæ eſt in copulis & oppoſitione; æqualis igitur <lb></lb>æſtus, quod tamen obſervationibus repugnat, deinde in lacubus Lunari <lb></lb>globo ſubjectis, æſtus attolli deberet; denique in Oceano Septentrionali mo<lb></lb>dicus æſtus eſſet, quia ſcilicet à punctis maximæ elevationis multum diſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001739"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc etiam facilè ſolvuntur; primum quidem, quia licèt in Qua<lb></lb>draturis eadem ſit ratio preſſionis, ratione altitudinis Cylindrorum aëris <lb></lb>gravitantis, diverſa tamen eſt ratione medij; nempe in Quadraturis aëri <lb></lb>versùs terram gravitanti, minus humoris ineſt igitur; inde ſequitur, eſſe <lb></lb>minùs gravem, ac proinde minorem exeri gravitationis effectum, æſtum <lb></lb>videlicet. </s> <s id="s.001740">Secundùm jam ſupra dilutum eſt; cùm enim lacuum ſuperficies <lb></lb>paucos admodùm gradus complectatur, inæqualitas preſſionis in ea ſenſi<lb></lb>bilis non eſt; quid mirum ergo, ſi effectus illius, nimirum æſtus, ſenſibilis <lb></lb>non ſit; hinc vbi ſunt majores lacus vt Americani illi, de quibus ſuprà, vel <lb></lb>vbi lacus per aliquod Fretum Oceano conjuncti ſunt, ſenſibilis in iis æſtus <lb></lb>obſervatur. </s> <s id="s.001741">Tertium denique ſic rejicio; in prima illa hypotheſi, qua ſup<lb></lb>ponitur tota globi ſuperficies aquea; ita res ſe haberet; at ſecundùm præ<lb></lb>ſentem rerum ſtatum, eáque globi terraquei ſuperficie ſuppoſita, quæ modò <lb></lb>eſt propter diverſas reflexiones, preſſiones, anguſtias, eò currit æſtus, quo <lb></lb>major vis, vel alia quæpiam lineæ determinatio inclinat; hinc ad eandem <lb></lb>ſæpè oram etiam in locis parum diſſitis, adeò diverſus æſtus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001742"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001743"> Per averſa igitur flumina non aſcenderet æſtus, in quorum ſu<lb></lb>perficie inæqualitatis preſſionis ſenſibilis non eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001744"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001745"> Non ideò aſcendit per alveum fluminis, quòd fluminis ſuper<lb></lb>ficies prematur, ſed quòd ſuperficies maris, cùm per æſtum intumeſcat, & <lb></lb>ſit ſupra ſuperficiem fluminis, more gravium, versùs eam partem excurrat; <lb></lb>neque in hoc vlla difficultas reſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001746"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001747"> Circuli preſſionum ad libitum à vobis accipiuntur; cur enim po<lb></lb>tiùs hi, quàm illi? </s> <s id="s.001748">vnde, ni fallor, ruit præcipua hujus veſtræ ſententiæ ſub<lb></lb>ſtructio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001749"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001750"> Nego, fingi ad libitum; nempe non fingitur linea Abſidum, <lb></lb>vel connectens centra; neque linea confinium, ſeu dirimens, neque circuli <lb></lb>paralleli, per quotum centra, Abſidum linea ducitur, cadit que perpendicu<lb></lb>lariter in eorum plana; nec æqualis gravitatio, ſeu preſſio in quolibet pun<lb></lb>cto circuli paralleli; nec communis niſus ab omnibus punctis ejuſdem cir<lb></lb>culi; quia ſcilicet æqualis; ſi enim eſſet inæqualis, vna aliam ſuperaret; igi<lb></lb>tur adversùs illam ageret; igitur actio communis non eſſet. </s> <s id="s.001751">Hinc mani-<pb pagenum="154" xlink:href="025/01/158.jpg"></pb>feſta ratio, cur ij circuli preſſionum minimè ponantur, in quorum ſingulis <lb></lb>punctis niſus inæqualis eſt; cuncta hæc igitur non ad libitum ſtatuuntur, <lb></lb>ſed ex linea connectente centra, quæ ex globorum ſitu ſemper reſultat, ne<lb></lb>ceſſariò conſequuntur: non ruit igitur hujus ſententiæ fundamentum, ſed <lb></lb>maximoperè inde confirmatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001752"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001753"> Verbulum addo, & conſidero lineam connectentem centra; ad <lb></lb>inſtar axis coni, cuius vertex ad centrum terræ deſinit; Diameter verò ba<lb></lb>ſis, in quam prædictus axis perpendiculariter cadit, eſt ipſa linea confinium; <lb></lb>conſidero item infinitos conos, ſeu ſuperficies conicas, quarum baſes ſint <lb></lb>circuli concentrici in plano prædictæ baſis, & quarum maxima eſt planum <lb></lb>circuli majoris, parallelum prædictæ baſi; minima verò præfata Abſidum <lb></lb>linea; quælibet ſuperficies conica, ſecat ſuperficiem globi terraquei in cir<lb></lb>culo, & omnes hujuſmodi ſectiones ſunt circuli paralleli, per quorum cen<lb></lb>tra linea Abſidum rectâ ducitur; hi ſunt circuli preſſionum, inæquales qui<lb></lb>dem inter ſe, ita tamen, vt in quolibet ejuſdem circuli puncto, æqualis preſ<lb></lb>ſio fiat; vereor, vt alius modus eſſe poſſit preſſionis inæqualis, reſpectu ejuſ<lb></lb>dem centri. </s> <s id="s.001754">Reliqua omitto; perge Chryſocome. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001755"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001756"> Si æſtus à Lunæ motu eſſet, ad Lunæ motum ſeſe compone<lb></lb>ret; ac proinde nunquam æſtus ab occaſu ad ortum excurreret, quod certè <lb></lb>omnibus experimentis refragatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001757"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001758"> Si aqua totam globi terraquei ſuperficiem tegeret, tumor il<lb></lb>le, ſeu maximæ elevationis punctum, quod nunquam Lunæ non reſpondet <lb></lb>ſemper ab ortu in occaſum ire videretur; at in hoc rerum ſtatu versùs litus <lb></lb>humilius aſſurgens per æſtum aqua excurrit, quoquo verſum tandem ſpectet, <lb></lb>idque maximè ſi linea curſus in oram illam directè incidat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001759"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001760"> Ventus impediret vim æſtus, cùm tamen illam augeat, aëre <lb></lb>ſcilicet acto, per lineam Horizontalem, ac proinde impedito illius gravi<lb></lb>tationis niſu. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001761"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Aër, quamvis alioquin per lineam Hotizontalem actus, re<lb></lb>tinet tamen totam vim ſuæ gravitationis ; exemplum luculentum habes in <lb></lb>ligno humido innatante, quod licèt ad inſtar naviculæ per Horizontalem <lb></lb>impellatur; totum tamen illius pondus ſuam vim exerit gravitando; v. g. <lb></lb>fit vas aqua plenum 20. libr.ſit lignum aquæ innatans. 5. libr. </s> <s id="s.001762">quod per Ho<lb></lb>rizontalem moveatur, haud dubiè, ſi vas ipſum tunc appendas, 25. librarum <lb></lb>pondus ſenties: ſic aqua, quæ ſupra fundum alvei currit; in hoc ſuæ gravi<lb></lb>tatis vim totam exerit; idem dico de globo in plano Horizontali rotato: <lb></lb>aër igitur quantumvis agitatus totius gravitationis effectum præſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001763"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001764"> Vix crediderim, lapidem per Horizontalem projectum, to<lb></lb>tius gravitationis ſuæ vim exerere; alio quin recta deorſum iret; igitur nec <lb></lb>aër per lineam Horizontalem à Vento actus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001765"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001766"> Ex eo quod lapis totam vim ſuæ gravitationis exerat, non <lb></lb>ſequitur, quod recta deorſum ire debeat, cùm motu quodam mixto movea<lb></lb>tur, idque per Parabolam, vt jam multi demonſtraſſe dicuntur: Deinde non <lb></lb>eſt par ratio lapidis & aëris; lapis enim non gravitat cum aëre gravitatio<lb></lb>ne communi, niſi ſecundùm modicam illam ponderis portionem, quæ aëri <pb pagenum="155" xlink:href="025/01/159.jpg"></pb>ejuſdem cum lapide molis competit; at verò pars aëris, quæ in medio aëre <lb></lb>per Horizontalem movetur, cum aliis ſibi ſubjectis, & impoſitis, gravitatio<lb></lb>ne communi gravitat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001767"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001768"> Per vos mihi liceat, breve Parergon interferete, vt hæc meliùs <lb></lb>intelligantur. </s> <s id="s.001769">Corpus, quod eſt in medio, vel ejuſdem eſt cum medio gra<lb></lb>vitatis, vel majoris, vel minoris; ſi minoris, innatat medio; ſi majoris, im<lb></lb>mergitur; ſi æqualis, in quocunque loco illud colloces, ibi manet: porrò <lb></lb>corpus humido innatans, gravitatione communi cum ipſo medio gravitat; <lb></lb>cujus rei luculentum exémplum, vel experimentum attuliſti, Auguſtine; nem<lb></lb>pe totum illud vas appenſum 25. libr. pendit, ſive lignum quieſcat, ſive flu<lb></lb>ctuet; ſive in fundo vaſis atte retineatur; ſive ſurſum emergat; ſive per <lb></lb>Horizontalem feratur: Et verò vbi nihil propriæ & ſingularis gravitatio<lb></lb>nis retinet, in communem gravitationem totam ſuam vim refundit; hinc <lb></lb>manus ligno innatanti ſuppoſita nullum pondus ſentit, niſi fortè illud tan<lb></lb>tulum attollas, vel filo ex parte immerſum ſuſtineas; tunc enim vas ipſum <lb></lb>minùs pendit; v.g. ſi dum lignum ex parte immerſum ſuſtines, ſentis trium <lb></lb>libr.pondus, vas 22. libr. </s> <s id="s.001770">tunc erit; hinc ſi vas dextrâ, lignum verò filo ap<lb></lb>penſum ſiniſtrâ ſuſtineas, vtraque ſimul totum pondus, ſed qua propor<lb></lb>tione plus ligni ſiniſtra ſuſtinet, eadem in vaſe dextera minus pondus ſu<lb></lb>ſtinet: porrò ſi corpus aqua gravius ſit, v.g.plumbum, haud dubiè immer<lb></lb>gitur, ſit v.g, idem vas 20. libr.ſit pila plumbea 10. libr. </s> <s id="s.001771">vbi hæc fundum <lb></lb>vaſis attigit, totum vaſis pondus erit 30.libr.at ſi vas pendatur eo dumtaxat <lb></lb>tempore, quo pila plumbea per aquam deſcendit, ſupra 20. libr. </s> <s id="s.001772">illam tan<lb></lb>tum ponderis acceſſionem ſenties, quam aqua, vt ſic loquar, plumbo detra<lb></lb>hit, æqualem ſcilicet ponderi portionis aquæ, ejuſdem molis; ſupponamus <lb></lb>autem gravitatem plumbi eſſe decuplam gravitatis aquæ, vas erit 21. libr. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001773">idem ſiet, ſi pila omnino immerſa filo ſuſtineatur. </s> <s id="s.001774">Hinc duo Paradoxa facilè <lb></lb>deducetis; primum ſit, corpus leve, quod ſurſum per mediam aquam vaſe <lb></lb>contentam emergit, magis gravitat in eum, qui vas ipſum ſuſtinet, quàm <lb></lb>corpus grave, quod per mediam aquam deorſum fertur: ac proinde corpus <lb></lb>levius majorem vim gravitationis exerit, quàm gravius; hinc quò plus ſin<lb></lb>gularis gravitationis corpus retinet intra medium vaſe contentum, mino<lb></lb>rem vim facit adversùs illum, qui vas ſuſtinet; & quoad vim ponderis, perin<lb></lb>de eſt, ſive prædicta pila plumbea liberè per aquam deorſum eat, ſive aquæ <lb></lb>immerſa & filo appenſa ſuſtineatur; contra verò quò minus ſingularis gra<lb></lb>vitationis corpus retinet, eò magis gravitat in eum, qui præfatum vas ſu<lb></lb>ſtinet. </s> <s id="s.001775">Alterum Paradoxum eſt: Quiſquis prædictum vas portat, præter 20. <lb></lb>libr. aquæ 1. libram plumbi ſuſtentat, quamvis alioquin plumbum immer<lb></lb>ſum & filo appenſum ab infinita potentia ſuſtineatur; quia ſcilicet me<lb></lb>dium 1/18 gravitationis plumbo detrahit, ſcilicet 1. libram: cùm igitur ille <lb></lb>aëris tractus, qui à vento igitur, nihil propriæ gravitationis retineat, ſed to<lb></lb>tam in communem conferat, quamvis per diverſas lineas ſurſum deorſum<lb></lb>ve, dextrorſum aut ſiniſtrorſum à vento agatur, nullam tamen proprij pon<lb></lb>deris jacturam facit, ſed totam illius vim ac niſum exerit gravitatione com<lb></lb>muniquare hoc nodo ſoluto, vide, an quidpiam aliud occurrat, quod nobis <lb></lb>opponas. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="156" xlink:href="025/01/160.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001776"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001777"> Nihil prorsùs: vnicum tantùm dubium reſtat; vtrùm ſci<lb></lb>licet diverſa vmbræ projectæ ratio in Novilunio ac Plenilunio aliquod <lb></lb>diſcrimen in æſtu faciat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001778"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001779"> Fateor, diverſam eſſe in vtroque, vmbræ projectæ rationem; <lb></lb>nempe in Novilunio vmbra à globo Lunari projicitur in Hemiſphærium <lb></lb>ſupra Horizontem, & à terreſtri in Hemiſphærium infra Horizontem; in <lb></lb>Plenilunio verò ab vtroque globo projicitur in Hemiſphærium, noctu ſu<lb></lb>pra, diu infra Horizontem; ſed hoc magnum diſcrimen in æſtu non facit; <lb></lb>præſertim cùm humor ille dumtaxat Lunatis ad æſtum aliquid conferat, <lb></lb>qui terreſtri globo propior eſt, ſive denſior ſit, ſive rarior, juſta enim fit com<lb></lb>penſatio; quippe ſi rarior eſt, plus loci occupat, igitur illius gravitatio in <lb></lb>plura diſtrahitur, ac proinde ſinguli Cylindri minorem vim habent; ſi au<lb></lb>tem denſior eſt, deorſum tendit, hinc minùs confert in gravitationem com<lb></lb>munem: vnde vides vnum ab alio compenſari: ſed jam ſatis de hoc argu<lb></lb>mento, quod certè majorem diſcuſſionem poſtularet, quam vobis veſtro <lb></lb>commodo faciendam relinquo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001780"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001781"> Suſtine parumper, Antime, maximum dubium mihi injeciſti; <lb></lb>ſi enim humor Lunaris denſior minùs confert in gravitationem commu<lb></lb>nem, nulla igitur ratio eſt, cur in Novilunio & Plenilunio major æſtus <lb></lb>fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001782"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001783"> Multa, crede mihi, adhuc ratio reſtat; nam præter eam, quæ à <lb></lb>projectis vmbris, vt ſupra dictum eſt, peti poſſet, non ignoras corpuſcula <lb></lb>etiam graviſſima tum aquæ, tum aëri innatare, ac proinde vtrumque ele<lb></lb>mentum inde gravius reddi; ſic fœtæ nubes, & multus vapor affuſus ab au<lb></lb>ſtro, aëra graviorem reddunt, vt Sal vel Sabulum aquæ admixtum; idem de <lb></lb>præfato humore Lunari dictum puta: cur verò corpuſcula illa graviſſima <lb></lb>leviori medio innatent, non eſt hujus loci diſcutere, ſed quæſo vos, huic <lb></lb>congreſſui finem imponamus, ne doctiſſimorum hominum auribus & pa<lb></lb>tientia, immodica garrulitate abutamur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001784"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001785"> Rectè mones; ſed quando nobis commodum erit ad pro<lb></lb>ximum congreſſum redire? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001786"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001787"> Quando voles, diem indicendum tibi relinquo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001788"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001789"> Poſt tridum igitur vos expecto, vt pulcherrimum illud argu<lb></lb>mentum de aſſurgente per fiſtulam humido & Mercurio in eadem ab ex<lb></lb>teriori aëris Cylindro, vt multi volunt, ad certam altitudinem ſuſtentato, <lb></lb>diſcutiamus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001790"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001791"> Hoc ipſum eſt, quod nobis diſcutiendum reſtat; quare conſulite <lb></lb>illos Autores, qui de hac materia ſcripſerunt, vt ex variis probatiſque expe<lb></lb>rimentis, veritas tandem eluceſcat; nonnihil addemus, delibando ſaltem, <lb></lb>de vi electrica, quam aliqui ad rem hanc nonnihil conferre putarunt. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="157" xlink:href="025/01/161.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.161.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/161/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001792"><emph type="center"></emph>DIALOGVS QVARTVS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001793"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>In quo, de libratis ſuspenſiſque liquoribus <lb></lb>& Mercurio diſputatur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001794">AMOENISSIMVM argumentum, quod tibi fortè <lb></lb>arrideat, Princeps Eminentiſſime hodierna die diſcutien<lb></lb>dum ſuſcepi, vtinam feliciter, quod tuis auſpiciis futurum <lb></lb>ſpero, demonſtrandum. </s> <s id="s.001795">Antiquis omnino intactum fuit, <lb></lb>& paucis ex recentioribus compertum experimentum; <lb></lb>primùm caſu innotuit; at deinde ſtudio & arte, vltra <lb></lb>promotum & perfectum; in varias porrò partes itum eſt, ad illius cauſam <lb></lb>explorandam, quod vtrùm cuipiam pro votis ſucceſſerit, vix definine au<lb></lb>ſim; ſed vt meliùs diſſertatione pareat, huic demus initium rejectis mutili<lb></lb>bus præludiis, quæ & ad rem de qua agitur, parum aut nihil conferunt, & <lb></lb>tibi Cardinalis Eminentiſſime alioquin occupatiſſimo, nihil aliud niſi me<lb></lb>rum tædium afferrent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001796"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001797"> Paraſti, vt video, dulciſſime Auguſtine, totam illam ſupelle<lb></lb>ctilem, quæ ad ea, de quibus diſputare inſtituimus, experimenta pertinent; <lb></lb>video limpidiſſimam in vaſe aquam admotoſque canaliculos vitreos vtrim<lb></lb>que pervios; video Mercurium in vaſe & longiorem fiſtulam vitream al<lb></lb>tera parte clauſam; accipio vnum ex iſtis canaliculis, in ſuperficiem aquæ <lb></lb>immergo, humor ſtatim per canaliculum aſſurgit, ad digitalem ferè altitu<lb></lb>dinem, vt vides. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001798"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001799"> Video quidem, ſed miror magis; canaliculum inclino, altiùs <lb></lb>humor aſcendit; & quod fortè mirabilius eſt, breviorem canaliculum aquæ <lb></lb>admoveo, ad tantam altitudinem minimè aſcendit; longiorem adhibeo <lb></lb>ejuſdem omnino baſis, altiùs humor aſcendit; alterum orificium admo<lb></lb>to preſsè digito, claudo, non aſſurgit humor; digitum amoveo, illicò <lb></lb>aſſurgit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001800"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001801"> Dicerem, ab illo impetu aquam attolli, quo canaliculus <lb></lb>aquæ admovetur; ſed admoto canaliculo, cujus ſupremum orifi<lb></lb>cium digito clauditur, & jam eo quieſcente, cùm nullus impetus <lb></lb>reſtet, amoto digito, humor illico aſſurgit; vnde neceſſario ſequi<lb></lb>tur, minimè aſſurgere, propter impetum appulſus canaliculi: aliquis <lb></lb>fortè diceret, nonnihil rarefactionis accedere; ſed hoc totum inutile eſt; <lb></lb>cur enim aqua intra canaliculum potiùs rareſceret, quàm intra vas ipſum? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001802">deinde æquè frigida ac calida aſſurgit; item æquè vinum ac oleum, ſaltem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001803">vt audio. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="158" xlink:href="025/01/162.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001804"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001805"> Ita eſt; in his omnibus ſæpè probavi; item in ſpiritu vini, & <lb></lb>variis aquis diſtillaris ; immò ſi canaliculum oleo immergas, paulò altiùs <lb></lb>aſſurgit, qúod non ad evidentiam expertus ſum; ſed cuncta hæc ex<lb></lb>perimenta luculentiora ſunt in ſcypho, vel ampulla, cujus imaginem ha<lb></lb>bes pag. </s> <s id="s.001806">ſequenti, in qua ſcilicet humor per canaliculum GF aſſurgit ſupra <lb></lb>ſuperficiem BC, eo profectò altiùs, quo canaliculus anguſtior erit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001807"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001808"> An fortè dici poſſet, pondus aquæ contentæ in majore am<lb></lb>pulla, longè majus eſſe pondere aquæ contentæ intra minorem canalicu<lb></lb>lum GF, ac proinde prævalere, & inde aquam altiùs extrudi, ſeu <lb></lb>attolli. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001809"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001810"> Scio, non neminem eſſe, cui hæc cogitatio in mentem venit, <lb></lb>quæ tamen, meo ſaltem judicio, legitima non eſt, cùm aqua ratione pon<lb></lb>deris, ſeu gravitatis ad perfectam libellam ſeſe componat; nempe gravi<lb></lb>tat per Cylindros parallelos, ſeu lineas parallelas, in quocunque ſitu cana<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.162.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/162/1.jpg"></figure>les ſtatuantur; ſint enim canales ABC, IDE; <lb></lb>infundatur aqua per Orificium AB, ſit libella <lb></lb>Horizontalis ABFG; ſi canales æqualis ſint <lb></lb>craſſitudinis ſuperficies aquæ vtrimque ſiſtet in <lb></lb>ABFG, vt patet; tunc enim perfectum erit <lb></lb>æquilibrium; ſi verò canalis IDE ſit anguſtior, <lb></lb>aſſurget aqua v. g. in DE, ſupra libellam AG, <lb></lb>ratione tamen gravitationis, Cylindrus aquæ <lb></lb>cujus baſis æqualis ſit FG, facit perfectum æqui<lb></lb>librium cum Cylindro aquæ æquali IG, vt patet; <lb></lb>ſi enim tota moles aquæ contentæ in ABC, ſu<lb></lb>ſtineret contentam intra IDE, cùm illa hujus poſſit eſſe decupla, centu<lb></lb>pla, & in quavis data proportione majoris inæqualitatis, aqua per cana<lb></lb>liculum IDE ad quamcunque poſtulatam altitudinem aſcenderet, quod <lb></lb>manifeſtè falſum eſt; igitur totus Cylindrus aquæ ABC non facit æqui<lb></lb>librium cum Cylindro aqueo IDE, ſed tantùm Cylindrus ejuſdem baſis <lb></lb>DE; ſed hic facit æquilibrium cum Cylindro IFG, vt patet; igitur inde <lb></lb>perſpicuum fit, aquam per canaliculum IDE non aſſurgere in DE ſupra <lb></lb>libellam, propter majorem vim ponderis ABC. </s> <s id="s.001811">Accedit quod ſi baſis <lb></lb>AB Diameter ſit bipedalis, & baſis DE ſit pedalis, non aſſurget aqua in <lb></lb>DE, immò ad ſenſum ſiſtet in FG, cùm tamen pondus aquæ ABC ſit <lb></lb>quadruplum aquæ IFG; igitur in majoribus canalibus aqua non aſſurgit, <lb></lb>vt in minoribus; vnde manifeſtè conſtat, hunc effectum eſſe ab alia cauſa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001812"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Cùm hæc nudius tertius viro cuidam ingenioſiſſimo pro<lb></lb>poſuiſſem, illico reſpondit vim quandam adhæſivam in corporibus præſer<lb></lb>tim liquidis, ſibi compertam eſſe, ratione cujus, vnum alteri accedit, ſeſe <lb></lb>arctiùs conjungit; ſic inquiebat ille, ſi aquæ gutta tangat aliam guttam, <lb></lb>in vnam majorem guttam ſtatim mutuo quaſi amplexu coaleſcunt; ſic duo <lb></lb>flammæ con. in vnam abeunt; vnde fieri putabat, vt aquà per canalicu<lb></lb>lum minimè aſſurgeret, niſi priùs cava illius ſuperficies maduerit, quod vbi <lb></lb>à me probatum eſt, dicto reſpondit eventus: neſcio vtrùm hæc ratio vobis <lb></lb>arrideat. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="159" xlink:href="025/01/163.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001813"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001814"> Minimè verò, & alia ratio eſt congreſſus guttarum & cono<lb></lb>rum flammæ, de qua infra. </s> <s id="s.001815">Primò, enim gratis affingitur prædicta vis <lb></lb>adhæſiva liquidis corporibus, ex iis ſcilicet effectibus, qui aliis cauſis tri<lb></lb>buendi ſunt. </s> <s id="s.001816">Secundò, etiamſi canaliculus ante non maduerit, aqua <lb></lb>tamen aſſurgit, ſi paulò laxior eſt; centies probavi infuſo in ampullam <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.163.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/163/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>A oleo; & ne quiſpiam diceret, oleum aſſurgere <lb></lb>per GF, propter impetum infuſionis, infudi <lb></lb>oleum, inclinata versùs B ampulla; ita vt ſuper<lb></lb>ficies olei per canaliculum vix aſſurgeretin H ; <lb></lb>tum deinde erecta ampulla, oleum aſcendit in F, <lb></lb>licèt inferior canaliculi ſuperficies ſicca omnino <lb></lb>eſſet; idem fiet admoto canaliculo ſuperficiei <lb></lb>olei, ſi paulo major ſit. </s> <s id="s.001817">Tertiò, Non video cur <lb></lb>major aquæ portio minorem potiùs ad ſe non adducat, quàm minor ma<lb></lb>jorem; ſi enim prædicta vi vtraque pollet, major certè majore, ſcilicet <lb></lb>extenſivè, vt major flamma magis calefacit, quàm minor; accedit, quod <lb></lb>in hoc caſu, minor longè faciliùs ad majorem accederet, ſcilicet deſcen<lb></lb>dendo, quàm major ad minorem aſcendendo. </s> <s id="s.001818">Quartò, in majore tubo <lb></lb>madefacto eadem ratio militaret; nec dicas obſtare majorem vim pon<lb></lb>deris; quia cùm vis illa adhæſiva omnibus partibus aquæ inſit, eadem eſt <lb></lb>illius proportio ad reſiſtentiam ponderis in majore, quæ in minore; & <lb></lb>vt duæ partes in minore ſuperant duas partes ponderis; ita mille partes in <lb></lb>majore ſuperabunt mille partes ponderis. </s> <s id="s.001819">Quintò, Cur oleum altiùs aſ<lb></lb>ſurgit, quàm aqua? </s> <s id="s.001820">Cur Mercurius ferè nihil? </s> <s id="s.001821">dico ferè, quia infra evin<lb></lb>cam tantulùm aſſurgere; Cur aliquando ipſa aqua altiùs, aliàs minùs <lb></lb>altè aſcendit? </s> <s id="s.001822">Nihil horum cum illa vi adhæſiva ſtare poteſt. </s> <s id="s.001823">Sextò, <lb></lb>Cur aqua per canaliculum inclinatum longiùs excurrit? </s> <s id="s.001824">Cur per bre<lb></lb>viorem, quamvis madefactum interiùs, minùs altè, & ſi adhuc breviorem <lb></lb>accipias, ferè nihil aſſurgit? </s> <s id="s.001825">Cur per tubulos alioquin ſicciſſimæ materiæ, <lb></lb>vt panis bis cocti, panni, telæ &c. </s> <s id="s.001826">Ex his vides, ni fallor, Chryſocome, aliam <lb></lb>omnino hujus effectus cauſam quærendam eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001827"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001828"> Sed cur per canaliculum ſiccum non aſſurgit, atque adeò ca<lb></lb>va illius ſuperficies humectanda eſt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001829"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001830"> Si canaliculus paulò laxior ſit, & majoris baſis etiam per ſic<lb></lb>cum aſcendit; non aſcendit, tamen ſi anguſtiſſimus ſit, niſi ſen ſim ac <lb></lb>lentè; quia licèt ſuperficies vitri lævigata eſſe videatur, mille tamen <lb></lb>ſalebris & rugis, ſeu ſtriis aſperatur, quæ niſi affuſo humore com<lb></lb>planentur, aſperum iter faciunt, & modicam aquæ portionem faci<lb></lb>lè ſiſtunt; cùm tamen in majore canaliculo non obſtent; quin major <lb></lb>aquæ copia aſſurgat; accedit, quod ſi juxta Figuras præcedentes vaſa <lb></lb>conformentur, aqua etiam per canaliculum ſiccum aſcendit; cur au<lb></lb>tem aquæ gutta intra aliam ſubeat, vel flamma intra flammam, dicemus <lb></lb>poſtea. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001831"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001832"> Ex his ergo conſtat, totam rem iſtam ab aëris com<lb></lb>preſſione petendam eſſe, vt jam indicaſti in ſuperiore congreſſu, <pb pagenum="160" xlink:href="025/01/164.jpg"></pb>ſed quia paulò fuſiùs explicandum reſtat, hoc tibi certè onus in<lb></lb>cumbit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001833"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001834"> Rectè mones, rem hanc paulò fuſiùs explicandam eſſe; quod <lb></lb>ut meliùs fiat; nonnulla ſuppono experimenta, partim commu<lb></lb>nia & trita, partim ſingularia. </s> <s id="s.001835">Primùm ſit hoc. </s> <s id="s.001836">Ampulla vitrea <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.164.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/164/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>DACB, cui per os D canaliculus vitreus vtrim<lb></lb>que pervius inſeratur, & probè obſtructo ori<lb></lb>ficio D, exugatur ducto anhelitu per E, aër <lb></lb>intra ampullam contentus; tum ſtatim, vbi <lb></lb>removetur ab ore, immergatur in aquàm ex<lb></lb>tremitas E; ſugitur enim aqua, dum aër intra <lb></lb>dilatatus ſeſe contrahit; ſic demum AB ſuper<lb></lb>ficies aquæ per ſuctum adductæ; tum extremo <lb></lb>E ore admoto, pulſus anhelitus magna vi in<lb></lb>trudatur; inde ſit, vt aër ABD appulſu novi <lb></lb>aëris comprimatur, & compreſſus ſuperficiem <lb></lb>aquæ AB premat, ac proinde ſupra ſuperficiem AB aqua per canalicu<lb></lb>lum CE aſſurgat; immò ſi ſit magna vis preſſionis, ad inſtar jaculi erum<lb></lb>pat. </s> <s id="s.001837">Idem fiet opera diſci, ſuperficiem aquæ prementis, vt jam dixi in ſu<lb></lb>periore congreſſu. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001838"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001839"> Certum & perſpicuum eſt, illum aquæ jactum eſſe ab vna <lb></lb>preſſione aëris vaſe contenti & compreſſi; quia ſcilicet aquæ ſuperficiem, <lb></lb>cui incumbit, premit; & cùm nihil obſiſtat preſſioni intra canaliculum, <lb></lb>prædicta vi aqua facilè extruditur; hæc vt dixi, adeò certa ſunt, vt nul<lb></lb>lum poſt ſe dubium relinquant. </s> <s id="s.001840">Sed quid hoc ad aquam, per canaliculum <lb></lb>in aëre libero aſſurgentem? </s> <s id="s.001841">Licèt enim concedam, aëra eſſe compreſſum, <lb></lb>cùm non minùs premat ſuperficiem aquæ intra canaliculum contentæ; <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.164.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/164/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>quàm intra majus vas, v.g. ſuperficiem DE, quàm <lb></lb>AB, neque hinc, neque illine vis illa preſſionis <lb></lb>prævalere poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001842"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001843"> Fateor, maximum diſcrimen eſſe in<lb></lb>ter experimentum Figuræ 31. & 32. quia in hac, <lb></lb>aër ADB novam compreſſionem patitur, qua <lb></lb>tamen aër exterior caret; vnde non modò tan<lb></lb>tulùm aſſurgit aqua per canaliculum CE, vt <lb></lb>fit, etiam ſi nova compreſſio minimè accedat, <lb></lb>& os ampullæ D pateat; ſed magna vi, ad inſtar <lb></lb>jaculi extruditur; quem reverà effectum il<lb></lb>la modica vis preſſionis, quæ ineſt aëri, præſtare non poſſet; por<lb></lb>rò licèt aër exterior incumbat vtrique ſuperficiei aquæ ſcilicet AB <lb></lb>& GF, major tamen vis premit AB, quam FG, quia corpus <lb></lb>preſſum quoquo verſum pellit in orbem; igitur eò major vis eſt, <lb></lb>quo ſub majori angulo incidit; v. g. aſſumatur centrum ſuperficiei <lb></lb>AB, premitur per infinitos radios, vnde quaque illapſos; cogita co<lb></lb>num, cujus vertex prædicto centro incumbat; igitur quò prædictus <pb pagenum="161" xlink:href="025/01/165.jpg"></pb>angulus, ſeu conus obtuſior eſt, vis preſſionis major eſt, & hæc eò minor, <lb></lb>quò ille acutior; Sit autem centrum ſuperficiei FG canaliculo contentæ, <lb></lb>in quod aëris prementis conus incumbat, vides, ni fallor, quàm acu<lb></lb>tus angulus futurus ſit; ac proinde vis preſſionis minor; quid mi<lb></lb>rum ergo, ſi preſſio in AB prævaleat, ac proinde aqua ſupra FG aſ<lb></lb>ſurgat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001844"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001845"> Quid verò fiet, ſi canaliculi ſegmentum ſũmpta FG, ſit minus <lb></lb>FE? an fortè aqua vi prædictæ preſſionis effluet per canaliculum? </s> <s id="s.001846">ſi hoc <lb></lb>fieret, perpetuum motum haberemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001847"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001848"> Prævideram, te in hunc ſcopulum impacturum; nempe, in<lb></lb>quis, ſi aqua per canaliculum majore vi preſſionis vigente in AB, aſſur<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.165.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/165/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>git in DE, haud dubiè ſi reſcindatur ſegmen<lb></lb>tum canaliculi ME, effluet per os ML, cum <lb></lb>eadem vis preſſionis aplicata ſit in in AB; ſed <lb></lb>reverà non effluit ex ML ; & hoc eſt alterum <lb></lb>experimentum; cùm tamen alioquin iuxta com<lb></lb>munes Hydraulicæ regulas faciliùs ſit effluere <lb></lb>ex ML, quàm in DE attolli; ratio eſt, quia vt <lb></lb>in centrum baſis AB aëris preſſio incumbit, <lb></lb>ſecundùm angulum, ſeu conum maximè obtu<lb></lb>ſum, ita in baſim DE, vel in baſim ML, reſecto <lb></lb>ſegmento canaliculi ME, ſecundùm æqualem <lb></lb>angulum incumbit; quid mirum ergo, ſi neutra preſſio prævaleat? </s> <s id="s.001849">At <lb></lb>verò ſi non reſcindatur ſegmentum ME, incumbit in centrum baſis <lb></lb>ML, ſecundùm angulum acutum, cujus baſis eſt DE, & latus recta ducta <lb></lb>à D, ad centrum ML. </s> <s id="s.001850">Vnde preſſio in AB omnino prævalet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001851"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001852"> Sed infra, preſſio in AB ſemper major eſt preſſione in ML ; <lb></lb>etiam reſecto ſegmento ME; nempe vt aëris preſſio incumbit centro <lb></lb>baſis AB, idque in reliquis punctis ſecundùm æqualem preſſionis angu<lb></lb>lum, ſeu conum, item in ſingula puncta baſis ML, ſecundùm æqualem <lb></lb>priori angulum, refecto ſcilicet ſegmento ME; igitur preſſiones ſunt, <lb></lb>vt baſes; initur baſis AB, quæ longè major eſt prævalet; igitur ſi tua <lb></lb>preſſionis ratio ſubſiſteret, aqua ex ML omnino efflueret; non effluit ta<lb></lb>men, vt fateris vltrò. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001853"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001854"> Acutè omnino paralogizas; vt enim gravitatio aquæ con<lb></lb>tentæ in canali AC, exerit tantùm ſuam vim, attollendo cylindrum IG, <lb></lb>ad libellam vſque, ſecundùm cylindrum æqualem IG, vt ſupra oſten<lb></lb>ſum eſt; ita vis preſſionis baſis AB exeritur, attollendo aquam per ca<lb></lb>naliculum ſecundùm baſim æqualem ML, vbi autem aqua elevata eſt in <lb></lb>ML, æqualis incumbit preſſio vtrimque, ſcilicet in baſi ML, & ipſi æqua<lb></lb>li aſſumptæ in AB; ſi verò aquæ ſuperficies ſupponatur in FG, haud <lb></lb>dubiè minor eſt preſſio in FG, quàm in ML ; igitur quàm in æquali <lb></lb>ML aſſumptæ in AB; igitur hæc prævalet; vnde aſſurgit aqua ex FG <lb></lb>in ML: cogita quæſo duci totidem cylindros parallelos deorſum præ<lb></lb>ſciſa gravitatione, ex ſingulis punctis baſis AB, quibus totidem preſ-<pb pagenum="162" xlink:href="025/01/166.jpg"></pb>ſionis coni incumbunt; itemque ex baſi ML ; pares certè cum paribus <lb></lb>contranituntur, ſinguli ſcilicet cylindri cum ſingulis; igitur neutra pars <lb></lb>prævalet, ſi verò non reſcindatur ſegmentum ME, equidem ſinguli <lb></lb>cylindri ducti ex ſingulis punctis baſis ML pugnant cum ſingulis ductis <lb></lb>ex baſi AB, hi tamen victores ſunt; quia fortiores; cùm ſingulis vis <lb></lb>preſſionis ſecundùm majorem conum, vel angulum incumbat; igitur <lb></lb>quamvis alioquin anguſtiſſimus ſit canaliculus, ſi tamen ſupra libellam <lb></lb>AG non producatur, par vtrimque eſt vis preſſionis; ac proinde <lb></lb>neutra pars prævalet; vnde, ni fallor, tuus ille paralogiſmus ſolutus <lb></lb>manet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001855"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001856"> Ex dictis rectè deduco, aquam attolli altiùs in longiore, ca<lb></lb>naliculo; nempe in longiore, angulus preſſionis acutior & minor eſt, <lb></lb>quàm in breviore v. g. angulus DFE, minor eſt angulo DME, vt <lb></lb>patet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001857"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001858"> Hoc erat tertium experimentum; aqua enim in canaliculis <lb></lb>longioribus tantulùm immerſis altiùs aſſurgit: & niſi nimiæ obſtarent <lb></lb>anguſtiæ, per quas ſine aliqua vi aqua traduci nequit, ad quamcumque <lb></lb>certè altitudinem aqua aſſurgeret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001859"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001860"> Prudenter occurriſti inſtantiæ, quam tibi facere meditabar; <lb></lb>alia tamen longè difficilior ſeſe mihi objicit ; cùm enim ſinguli preſſionis <lb></lb>cylindri ſingulis contranituntur; perinde eſt, five laxior ſit canaliculus, <lb></lb>ſive anguſtior, quod tamen experimentis repugnat, cùm per canalicu<lb></lb>lum anguſtiorem longè altiùs humor aſſurgat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001861"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001862"> Haud inficior, difficultatem à te propoſitam eam eſſe, quæ in<lb></lb>genio tuo digna eſſe videatur; quam tamen, ni fallor, ſatis facilè ſolvo: <lb></lb>nempe aër preſſus majorem vim non imprimit ſuperficiei majori AB <lb></lb>quàm minori DE; Cogita diſoum ligneum, quo premitur ſuperficies A <lb></lb>B, motu vt vnum, itemque alium minorem, quo premitur ſuperficies DE, <lb></lb>motu vt vnum; certè vterque æqualem vim imprimit ſuperficie, DE & <lb></lb>AB; licèt enim alter major ſit, & majorem ſuperficiem premat; quia <lb></lb>tamen idem aër compreſſus circumfuſus vtramque æquè premit, æqua<lb></lb>lis ſemper preſſionis effectus ſequitur, id eſt, ejuſdem quantitatis aquæ <lb></lb>elevatio; cæteris tamen paribus: vbi enim hæc elevata eſt, & ab eadem <lb></lb>vi premente ſuſtinetur, nullus alius effectus illi competit, cùm tota in <lb></lb>eo exeratur; dixi cæteris paribus, id eſt, ſuppoſita eadem proportione <lb></lb>preſſionis aëris incumbentis ſuperficiei canaliculi, ſi enim propter bre<lb></lb>vitatem canaliculi prædicta proportio creſcat, vel ſit major canaliculus, <lb></lb>ac proinde angulus preſſionis major, itemque major preſſio, haud dubiè <lb></lb>aqua minùs altè per canaliculum aſcendit: Suppoſita autem eadem pro<lb></lb>portione preſſionum, altitudines aquæ elevatæ in diverſis canaliculis, <lb></lb>ſunt vt baſes permutando, vt pater, v.g. ſi baſis vnius ſit dupla baſis alte<lb></lb>riùs, altitudo ejus erit dupla altitudinis illius, vt ſcilicet cylindri æqua<lb></lb>les ſint. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001863"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001864"> Iam optimè intelligo id, quod paulò ante capere non po<lb></lb>teram; quod ſcilicet, vt aiebas, ad quamcumque altitudinem aqua poſ-<pb pagenum="163" xlink:href="025/01/167.jpg"></pb>ſit attolli; modò per quaſlibet anguſtias immitti & traduci queat; qua <lb></lb>enim proportione decreſcit baſis, creſcit, altitudo; ſed quæſo te, quid fiet, <lb></lb>ſi aquæ ſuperficies non ſit in AB, ſed in HK. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001865"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001866"> Certum eſt, minorem inde fore aquæ elevationem; quia preſ<lb></lb>ſio in baſim HK minor eſt quam in baſim AB; quia fit ſub minore an<lb></lb>gulo, v.g. ſtante baſi in AB, aſſurgeta qua in DE ſupra libellam FG, de<lb></lb>preſſa verò baſi in HK ſupra libellam HP, aſſurget aqua in R, eritque <lb></lb>PR minor quàm GE. </s> <s id="s.001867">Hîc autem obſervo aliud experimentum, reverà <lb></lb>pulcherrimum, nempe ſuperficies aquæ in HK, non eſt plana, nedum <lb></lb>convexa, ſed omnino concava; cùm tamen AB modo humor extet, ſit <lb></lb>convexa. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001868"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001869"> Hoc etiam ſæpiùs obſervavi, & cauſam hujuſce peregrini <lb></lb>effectus curiosè perſcrutatus ſum; nec crediderim ab vllo vſpiam prodi<lb></lb>tam fuiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001870"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001871"> Ex præmiſſis facilè deducitur, modò tantulum Geometriæ ac<lb></lb>cedat. </s> <s id="s.001872">Suppono enim AB quaſi baſim trianguli, cujus vertex terminetur <lb></lb>ad HK, cujus trianguli angulus verticis major eſt, qui cadit in centrum <lb></lb>D prædictæ baſis, quàm is, qui cadit in extremitates baſis H vel K ; vt pa<lb></lb>tet ex Geometria; igitur major vis preſſionis incumbit in centrum O, <lb></lb>quàm in H vel K, & conſequenter in ea puncta major, quæ accedunt <lb></lb>propiùs ad centrum O; quid mirum igitur, ſi punctum O ſubſidat, & <lb></lb>tota ſuperficies HOK cava ſit, propter inæqualem illam preſſionis vim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001873"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001874"> Sed quæſo te, Antime, cur aquæ ſuperficies AB convexa eſt? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001875">video enim, cur cava non ſit, cùm inæqualis illa preſſio deſideretur; cur <lb></lb>tamen convexa ſit, non plana, haud ſatis video. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001876"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001877"> Res ſatis trita eſt; nempe illa humoris ſuperficies à centro <lb></lb>mundi æqualiter diſtat ſecundùm omnes partes; ſi enim aliqua longiùs <lb></lb>à præfato centro diſtaret, quàm aliæ, deſcenderet illico; hæc certè vt ve<lb></lb>ritati conſona, negari ab vllo non poſſunt; ſed profectò hæc convexitas <lb></lb>inſenſibilis eſt, nempe arcus vnius minuti continet 1000. paſſus geome<lb></lb>tricos, vnius ſecundi arcus 16. paſſus & <gap></gap> id eſt 83. pedes circiter arcus <lb></lb>vnius tertij vnum pedem tubos vix habemus majoris diametri; quis <lb></lb>porrò arcum vnius tertij minuti à linea recta ſenſu diſtinguat? </s> <s id="s.001878">Cùm igi<lb></lb>tur convexam ſuperficiem aquæ probè diſcernamus, aliam omnino eſſe <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt (& hoc ſit aliud experimentum) nempe vbi humor extremita<lb></lb>tes A & B baſis attigit, non effluit aqua, ſed intumeſcit in centro ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei; centro enim minor vis preſſionis incumbit, quàm partibus extre<lb></lb>mis, v.g. in centrum V vis preſſionis incumbens infra horizontalem AB <lb></lb>non cadit, cum tamen incumbens in A & in B infra prædictam horizon<lb></lb>talem deſcendat, vt patet, quò fit, ne aqua ex A vel B effluat & hæc vera <lb></lb>eſt & legitima triti hujus experimenti ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001879"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001880"> Non bene capio quid tibi velis; nonnihil, quæſo te, <lb></lb>ſchematis adhibe, tunc enim oculis potiùs quàm auribus fidem ha<lb></lb>bebo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001881"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001882"> Sit vas quodpiam aqua plenum AEDB, ſit aquæ ſuprema <pb pagenum="164" xlink:href="025/01/168.jpg"></pb>ſuperficies AB, & centrum illius G, premitur punctum G, non tantùm <lb></lb>per HG perpendicularem, verùm etiam per infirmas contentas inter <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.168.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/168/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>HG. AG, item inter GH, GB; nulla autem <lb></lb>eſt infra AB horizontàlem per quam punctum <lb></lb>G prematur, vt perſpicuum eſt, at verò punctum <lb></lb>A, versùs quod aqua effluere nititur, propria <lb></lb>gravitatione, non tantum premitur à perpendi<lb></lb>culari IA & ab aliis contentis inter IA, MA, <lb></lb>item inter IA, AB, ſed etiam ab aliis infra MA <lb></lb>ductis, vt à PA. idem dico de puncto B, item<lb></lb>que de aliis in totius marginis orbe diſpoſitis, <lb></lb>in quibus haud dubiè preſſio prævalet, vnde aquam in ſuperficiem con<lb></lb>vexam intumeſcere neceſſe ſit. </s> <s id="s.001883">Hinc quò major eſt vaſis ſuperficies mi<lb></lb>nùs intumeſcit; quia ad tumorem æquè altum; plus aquæ, vi preſſionis <lb></lb>attollendum eſſet; ſic vt jam dixi, per canaliculum anguſtiorem altiùs aſ<lb></lb>ſurgit aqua, per majorem ſeu laxiorem, minùs altè, eſt enim eadem pror<lb></lb>sùs ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001884"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001885"> Vnum mihi venit in mentem; neſcio vtrùm tuo calculo <lb></lb>probaturus ſis, Antime; redeo ad primum ſchema & ſuperficiem AB, <lb></lb>(<emph type="italics"></emph>vid. Figuram in pag.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>161.) ſupremam ſcilicet, quam convexam eſſe ſuppo<lb></lb>no; ſuperficiem verò ML, excurrente canaliculo vſque ad DE, conca<lb></lb>vam; quo poſito, numquid dici poſſet, partes extremas A & B, quibus ma<lb></lb>jor vis preſſionis imprimitur, quam centro V efficere vt partes extremæ <lb></lb>alterius baſis ML, altiùs aſſurgant; <expan abbr="centrũ">centrum</expan> verò minùs. </s> <s id="s.001886">Vnde vt ex hac in<lb></lb>æquali preſſionis vi baſis AB convexa evadit, ita & baſis ML concava. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001887"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001888"> Quàm acute paralogizas, Auguſtine, ſupponamus enim baſim <lb></lb>in HK majoris canalis, & in R minoris, vtraque cava perſpicitur; vnde, <lb></lb>ni fallor, ruit tua ratio; quare vis illa preſſionis inæqualis, quæ incum<lb></lb>bit in ſuperficiem ſupremam AB, alium effectum præſtat, nimirum illum <lb></lb>quem dixi; attollit enim ſuperficiem AB ſupra libellam, eamque tornat <lb></lb>in convexam; ideò verò cava eſt ſuperficies HK; quia vis preſſionis in <lb></lb>O major eſt, quàm in H vel in K, quia ſub majore angulo incumbit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001889"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001890"> Hoc jam ſuprà dixeras, ſed ne quid diſſimulem, non mihi <lb></lb>ſtatim occurrit demonſtratio illa geometrica, quam appellaſti quidem, <lb></lb>non tamen expoſuiſti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001891"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001892"> Ad prima elementa me reducis, Chryſocome, ſint latera va<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.168.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/168/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſis AE, BF; os verò AB; ſuperficies aquæ EF, cen<lb></lb>trum C, ſint anguli ACB, AEB, dico ACB eſſe <lb></lb>majorem, ducatur enim circulus per 3. puncta ABC, <lb></lb>fecat BE in D ; ducatur AD, anguli ADB, ACB ſunt <lb></lb>æquales quia ſuſtinent eundem arcum AB, ſed ADB <lb></lb>eſt major prædicto AEB, cùm ſit exterior; igitur an<lb></lb>gulus AEB eſt minor ACB; idem de quolibet alio <lb></lb>demonſtratur: ſed jam ad alia experimenta venia<lb></lb>mus, Sit ampulla A, de quà ſupra; aquæ ſuperfi-<pb pagenum="165" xlink:href="025/01/169.jpg"></pb><figure id="id.025.01.169.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/169/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cies KI in canaliculo verò ſit D ; volam manus admove<lb></lb>eri BC cum modica preſſione; ſtatim aqua per canalicu<lb></lb>lum altiùs aſſurgit versùs F ; vbi verò repentino motu ma<lb></lb>nus ab ore AB, amovent, deſcendit aqua præceps in G. <lb></lb>ſed ſtatim denuo aſſurgit versùs F. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001893"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001894"> Ex præmiſſis huius experimenti facilè ratio<lb></lb>nem afferam, nempe aër vola preſſus aquæ ſuperficiem KI premit, ex cujus <lb></lb>preſſione, per canaliculum neceſſariò altiùs aſſurgit : amota autem repente <lb></lb>vola, aquæ ſuperficiem AB ſecum tantulum adducit, attollítque; vnde <lb></lb>aquam per canaliculum ſubſidere neceſſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001895"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001896"> Inde omnium huiuſmodi experimentorum communem ratio<lb></lb>nem reddo: ſi enim aër magis compreſſus aquam per canaliculum attol<lb></lb>lit; certè minùs altè attollit; nullo modo preſſus non attollit; adductus <lb></lb>verò, ſecum versùs G aquam m canaliculo contentam adducit. </s> <s id="s.001897">Et verò, <lb></lb>vt tandem ad rem propiùs accedam, cùm hic motus, quo aqua aſſurgit, <lb></lb>non ſit ab intrinſeco, vt conſtat ex dictis, nec enim aqua ſpontè ſua aſ<lb></lb>cendit, ab alia cauſa extrinſeca illum eſſe, neceſſe eſt; eaque profectò <lb></lb>applicata quænam porrò illa eſt, niſi aër? </s> <s id="s.001898">quidquid tandem aër ſit, ſive <lb></lb>purus, ſive impurus, id eſt aliis corporibus admixtus; aër porrò applica<lb></lb>tus motum illum imprimere nequit, niſi vel gravitando, vel illo niſu, qui <lb></lb>ex compreſſione corporum ſequitur; primum dici non poteſt, cùm enim <lb></lb>gravitet per cylindros parallelos, æquè gravitat in minorem aquæ ſuper<lb></lb>ficiem, ac in majorem ; ac proinde vtraque, ſi gravitationis dumtaxat ra<lb></lb>tio habeatur, in eadem libella ſita eſt, nec vna aſſurgit ſupra aliam, re<lb></lb>ſtat igitur, vt dicamus, aëra tantulum compreſſum cum niſum exerere in <lb></lb>ſuperficiem BC, non quidem per cylindros parallelos; ſed per conos, <lb></lb>quorum ſinguli vertices ſingulis ſuperficiei punctis incumbunt; ac proin<lb></lb>de minorem niſum exeri adversùs ſuperficiem aquæ CD canaliculo con<lb></lb>tentæ, quia ſub minoribus angulis exeritur, vt ſupra luculenter oſtenſum <lb></lb>eſt; prævalet igitur preſſio incidens in ſuperficiem BC ; ac proinde aliam <lb></lb>CD attollit versùs F. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001899"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001900"> Iam obſervo inde germanam duci rationem, illius addu<lb></lb>ctionis atramenti; vbi enim atramenti guttam calami roſtrum extre<lb></lb>mum attingit, (quod pueri facere ſolebamus) attramentum illico <lb></lb>aſſurgit, & cavum calami roſtrum implet; in alio liquore idem ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſum iri, certiſſimum eſt; calamum tamen priùs humectatum fuiſſe <lb></lb>oportet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001901"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001902"> Luculentam rationem jam attulit Antimus; ſic enim com<lb></lb>planatur ſuperficies calami, alioquin multis rugis & ſalebris ſtriata & aſ<lb></lb>perata, huic autem experimento communis illa ratio Antimi facilè ap<lb></lb>plicatur, ab inæqualis preſſionis niſu petita; nam reverà in totam guttæ <lb></lb>ſuperficiem, excepto ſcilicet puncto illo contactus, in quo extre<lb></lb>mum roſtrum guttæ immergitur, major eſt preſſionis niſus, quàm in ca<lb></lb>vam roſtri ſuperficiem; quid mirum ergo ſi prævaleat illa, & humor per <lb></lb>cavum roſtrum aſcendat? </s> <s id="s.001903">aliquid ſimile in omnibus guttis obſervo, ad-<pb pagenum="166" xlink:href="025/01/170.jpg"></pb>mota ſcilicet tenui lamella, vel bacillo; nempe eò ſtatim liquor ex<lb></lb>currit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001904"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001905"> Guttarum res nonnihil fortè ſcitu dignum nobis exhibet; ſed <lb></lb>ne hoc excidar, antequam illam aggrediar; ſi roſtrum calami longiùs ſit, <lb></lb>& valde tenue, & in mucronem extenuatus, quamvis extremum roſtrum <lb></lb>guttæ immergas, nihil aut parum attramenti aſſurgit: ratio eſt, quia par<lb></lb>vum, aut nullum ferè obicem ponit ad preſſionis inæqualitatem inducen<lb></lb>dam; nempe tenuis illa roſtri linea pauciſſimos preſſionis radios intercipit; <lb></lb>nulla igitur vel modica inæqualitatis preſſionis proportio; ex hoc etiam <lb></lb>experimento efficax, meo judicio, argumentum ducitur, quò perſpicuè <lb></lb>concluditur, hujuſmodi aquarum elevationem ab inæquali ambientis aëris <lb></lb>preſſione procedere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001907"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001908"> Quid ſi cylindrus ſolidus immergatur, an fortè ali<lb></lb>quid aquæ attollitur; cùm hic obex inæqualem preſſionem in<lb></lb>ducat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001909"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001910"> Aliquid omnino, quod tamen longè melius ad oculum <lb></lb>patet, ſi prædictus tantulum ſtriatus ſit, pro quo eadem, vt vides, ratio <lb></lb>militat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001911"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001912"> Quid verò fieret, ſi canaliculus in alium paulo am<lb></lb>pliorem immergatur? </s> <s id="s.001913">vel duo ſimul quorum minor majori inclu<lb></lb>ſus ſit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001914"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001915"> Pro diverſa canalium & immerſionum ratione, diverſa ſucce<lb></lb>dunt à me obſervata experimenta & ad idem principium ſatis feliciter re<lb></lb>ducta. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.170.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/170/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001916">Primò enim ſit canalis major HB aqua plenus; ad. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001917">moveatur, vt priùs dictum eſt, minor canaliculus MN, <lb></lb>humori illico aſſurgit in K, perinde atque ſi in quam<lb></lb>libet aliam aquæ, etiam majore vaſe contentæ ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem immergatur; propter eandem rationem, de qua <lb></lb>huc vſque. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001918">Secundò. </s> <s id="s.001919">Si aquæ ſuperficies ſit tantùm in C & de<lb></lb>mittatur canaliculus MN in C, aſſurget aqua v.g. in G <lb></lb>ita <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> vt CG, ſit minor NK; ratio eſt, quia minor eſt <lb></lb>inæqualitatis proportio in preſſionibus, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> antè, vt pa<lb></lb>tet; minor igitur illius effectus, minus igitur attollitur <lb></lb>aqua: ſuppono enim <expan abbr="majorẽvim">majorem vim</expan> exeri per <expan abbr="vacuitatẽin-terceptam">vacuitatem in<lb></lb>terceptam</expan> inter <expan abbr="cavã">cavam</expan> majoris & convexam minoris ca<lb></lb>nalis ſuperficiem, quàm per minorem canaliculum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001920">Tertiò. </s> <s id="s.001921">Si ſecus accidat, id eſt, ſi cavitas canaliculi <lb></lb>major eſt prædicta vacuitate intercepta, humor per <lb></lb>vacuitatem illam aſcendet v.g. in FE, ſed nullo modo <lb></lb>per canaliculum NC aſſurget; quia major eſt aëris preſſio per canalicu<lb></lb>lum, quàm per vacuitatem interceptam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001922">Quartò. </s> <s id="s.001923">Si æqualis ſit vtriuſque ſpatij, id eſt, cavitatis & vacuitatis ca<lb></lb>pacitas, & canaliculus demittatur in C, neque hinc, neque illinc <pb pagenum="167" xlink:href="025/01/171.jpg"></pb>humor aſſurgit; quia æqualis vtrimque preſſio: neutra igitur præ<lb></lb>valet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001924">Quintò. </s> <s id="s.001925">Iam verò ad aliud quæſitum venio, & ſuppono vtrum<lb></lb>que canaliculum pervium, ita vt minor intra majorem, quaſi intra vagi<lb></lb>nam conditus ſit, & tunc etiam pro diverſa diſpoſitione varia ſuccedunt; <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.171.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/171/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>Primò, ſit ſuperficies Aquæ AB, ſit carnalis major FE, <lb></lb>& minor incluſus HD, vterque ejuſdem altitudinis, <lb></lb>& ſimili modo immerſus; ſi vacuitas majoris (ſic de<lb></lb>inceps appellabo interceptum illud ſpatium) æqualis <lb></lb>ſit minori canaliculo, ſcilicet eiuſdem cavitati, per <lb></lb>vtramque æquè altè humor aſſurgit; v.g. in LK, quia <lb></lb>vis æqualis preſſionis exeritur ; quod vt fiat baſis ma<lb></lb>joris FG debet eſſe dupla minoris IH ; dico baſim, <lb></lb>non diametrum baſis, ne fortè ſchema vos deci<lb></lb>piat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001926">Secundo. </s> <s id="s.001927">Si baſis majoris ſit major dupla, altiùs aſ<lb></lb>ſurgit aqua per minorem, quàm per majorem, v.g. <lb></lb>per minorem in LK, per majorem in MN; quia ma<lb></lb>jor eſt proportio inæqualitatis preſſionum ad mino<lb></lb>rem; quàm ad vacuitatem interceptam; igitur & ef<lb></lb>fectum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001928">Tertio. </s> <s id="s.001929">Si verò baſis majoris ſit minor dupla, ſecus <lb></lb>accidet; & aſſurget humor altiùs per vacuitatem, quàm per canaliculum, ra<lb></lb>tio patet ex dictis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001930">Quartò. </s> <s id="s.001931">Si major altiùs immergatur, quàm minor, cæteris paribus, humor <lb></lb>altiùs aſcendet per minorem, ſuppoſita tamen baſi majoris ſaltem dupla <lb></lb>baſis minoris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001932">Quinto. </s> <s id="s.001933">Si verò canaliculus minor profundiùs demittatur, certè ex <lb></lb>hoc capite altiùs deberet aſcendere per majorem, quàm per minorem; <lb></lb>quia tamen major eſt portio renitentis aëris, ne aqua per majorem aſ<lb></lb>cendat, quæ priùs non erat, compenſatio fieri videtur, & pro diverſa <lb></lb>baſium ratione, modò altiùs, modò æquè altè, modò minùs altè aſ<lb></lb>ſurgit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001934">Sexto. </s> <s id="s.001935">Si ſolus major immergatur, ac proinde tantulum aſcendat aqua, ſi <lb></lb>deinde minor canaliculus in cum, vt priùs, immittatur, altiùs per vtrumque <lb></lb>aqua aſſurget, tum quia minus ſpatij occupandum eſt, tum quia vis reni<lb></lb>tentis aëris minor eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001936">Septimo. </s> <s id="s.001937">Si minor ſolus profundiùs immergatur, v.g. vſque in O, minùs <lb></lb>altè aſcendet, quàm ante; per minorem quidem, quia brevius, ſupra ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem aquæ ſegmentum extat; per majorem verò, quia cum angulus preſſio<lb></lb>nis renitentis creſcat, minùs altè humor aſſurgit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001938">Octavo. </s> <s id="s.001939">Si verò major ſolus profundiùs deprimatur, retento minore in <lb></lb>codem ſitu, paulò altiùs aſcendit per minorem; quia vis preſſionis circa illius <lb></lb>infimam baſim creſcit; hæc autem ratio facit, ne per majorem æquè altè aſ<lb></lb>ſurgat. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="168" xlink:href="025/01/172.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001940">Nonò. </s> <s id="s.001941">Pro diverſa baſium ratione, altiùs aut minùs altè aſcendit per <lb></lb>cavitatem minoris, aut per vacuitatem interceptam inter vtrumque de<lb></lb>preſſoque vno vel altero, diverſa erit altitudinum ratio, ſecundum regu<lb></lb>las ſupra traditas; nunquam tamen quantumvis minor deprimatur aqua <lb></lb>per illum aſſurgens ex illo effluet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001942">Decimò, Vbi minoris convexa ſuperficies cum majoris cava conjungi<lb></lb>tur, aqua intercepta illico aſſurgit, & quaſi quodam glutine vna cum alia <lb></lb>conjungitur: idem ferè fiet, ſi duæ ſuperficies convexæ conjungantur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.001943">Ex his, quæ huc vſque dixi, de duobus canaliculis, quorum vnus alteri <lb></lb>immittitur, reliqua facilè conjicies. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001944"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001945"> Nunquam perſuadere mihi potuiſſem, in re hac minima <lb></lb>tantam obſervationum ſylvam recondi; ex qua ego, ſolo ratiocinio mul<lb></lb>tas alias deducere poſſem. </s> <s id="s.001946">Sed quæro ex te, quot ſint capita, ex quibus <lb></lb>humor altiùs per canaliculum immerſum aſcendat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001947"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001948"> Sex aut ſeptem, ni fallor, recenſeo. </s> <s id="s.001949">Primò, quo longior eſt ca<lb></lb>naliculus, altiùs humor aſcendit, non tamen vbi valdè producitur in pro<lb></lb>portione ſenſibili; Secundò, quo minor eſt canaliculi baſis; vt patet. </s> <s id="s.001950">Ter<lb></lb>tiò, quo minùs altè immergitur canaliculus, altiùs aſſurgit aqua. </s> <s id="s.001951">Quartò, <lb></lb>major aëris ambientis libertas, & major angulus preſſionis, vi cujus hu<lb></lb>mor aſſurgit. </s> <s id="s.001952">Quintò major vel minor aëris ambientis compreſſio. </s> <s id="s.001953">Sextò <lb></lb>Minor gravitas liquoris attollendi. </s> <s id="s.001954">Septimò, major ejuſdem fluiditas, vel <lb></lb>humiditas, ſic ſpiritus vini altiùs aſcendit quàm aqua, & metallum li<lb></lb>quatum nihil aut parum admodùm. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001955"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001956"> Quid porrò de Mercurio? </s> <s id="s.001957">nonnulla enim de illo mihi veniunt <lb></lb>in mentem, quæ vix aſſerere auſim ; quia nunquam illa experimento <lb></lb>probavi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001958"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001959"> Exprome tamen, vt ſaltem videamus vtrum rectè ratioci<lb></lb>neris; cùm fieri non poſſit, quin Antimus illa obſervarit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001960"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001961"> Primò Mercurius, aut nihil aut parum aſſurgere debet per <lb></lb>canaliculum propter craſſitudinem & ſummam vim ponderis. </s> <s id="s.001962">Secundò, <lb></lb>Suprema ſuperficies intra canalem depreſſa, non eſt cava, ſaltem ſenſibi<lb></lb>liter, propter eandem rationem. </s> <s id="s.001963">Tertiò, Mercurij gutta per calami roſtrum <lb></lb>non aſſurgit, vt reliqui humores. </s> <s id="s.001964">Quartò non aſſurgit, etiam ſi cylindrus <lb></lb>ſolidus immergatur, licèt tantulùm aſcendat aqua, ſi in ejus ſuperficiem <lb></lb>immergatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001965"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001966"> Parum abes à ſcopo, Auguſtine, eaque tantùm non prævidiſti, <lb></lb>quæ nonnulli in Mercurio cum ſummo ſtupore mirantur. </s> <s id="s.001967">Primò enim ſi <lb></lb>canaliculus Mercurio ſecundum alteram extremitatem immergatur, non <lb></lb>modò non aſſurgit per canaliculum, ſupra libellam exterioris ſuperficiei, <lb></lb>ſed tantulùm ſubſidit, quod hiſce oculis centies obſervavi. </s> <s id="s.001968">Secundò, Non <lb></lb>modo ſuprema illius ſuperficies cava non eſt, ſed omnino convexa; & <lb></lb>vbi ad os tubi, in quo continetur pertingit, longè convexior, quàm ſuper<lb></lb>ficies aquæ. </s> <s id="s.001969">Tertiò, Non modò non aſſurgit gutta Mercurij per roſtrum <lb></lb>calami, ſed ne quidem roſtrum in eam ſubit, ſed vel cedit, non ſine foſſula <lb></lb>in puncto contactus, vel repentino motu ſeſe ſubducit. </s> <s id="s.001970">Quartò, non <pb pagenum="169" xlink:href="025/01/173.jpg"></pb>modo non aſſurgit Cylindro ſolido immerſo; ſed quaſi foſſula circa illius <lb></lb>ſuperficiem acta ſubſidit, & circa foſſulam Mercurij ſuperficies attollitur, <lb></lb>idque ad ſenſum & evidentiam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001971"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001972"> Non video, ne quid diſſimulem, quomodo hæc ex præmiſſis <lb></lb>conſequi poſſint; ac proinde non mirum ſi ex iis à me non deducta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001973"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001974"> Conſequuntur tamen; nempe cùm Mercurius vitro non adhæ<lb></lb>reat, vt perſpicuum eſt, in tantum enim corpus humidum aliorum corpo<lb></lb>rum ſuperficiei adhæret, in quantum in cavitates, ſtrias & pororum oſtiola <lb></lb>ſubit; certè Mercurius præ craſſitudine in eas anguſtias ſeſe minimè inge<lb></lb>rit; vnde aëri locus vitrum inter & Mercurium relinquitur; nec enim va<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.173.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/173/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cuum datur. </s> <s id="s.001975">Sit ſuperficies Mercurij AB, in quam <lb></lb>immergatur Cylindrus vitreus EC, ſubſidet Mercurius <lb></lb>in foſſulam GH, quæ optimè concipitur, ſi tota hæc <lb></lb>Figura circa Cylindri EC axem volvi ſupponatur; <lb></lb>cùm enim non adhæreat Mercurius lateri ED, aër <lb></lb>compreſſus quaſi cuneatim penetrat vſque ad G, & fa<lb></lb>cilè à latere ED Mercurium removet; hinc tantulum <lb></lb>attolli Mercurium neceſſe eſt; hinc circa ſuperficiem Cylindri EC foſſula, <lb></lb>& circa foſſulam modicus tumor; vt enim cuneus dum ſubit vnum ab alio <lb></lb>removet, ita premens aër ad inſtar cunei interceptus inter ſuperficiem Cy<lb></lb>lindri & Mercurium, hunc ab illa tantulum removet; atque ita, vt vides, <lb></lb>quartum experimentum ad commune noſtrum principium reducitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001976"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001977"> Iam verò ſecundum, eodem modo, te duce explicabo, nempe <lb></lb>aër etiam ſeſe inſinuat ad inſtar cunei inter ſuperficiem cavam canalis & <lb></lb>Mercurium contentum, vnde <expan abbr="illũ">illum</expan> à dicta ſuperficie removet, idque in <expan abbr="orbẽ">orbem</expan>, <lb></lb>ac proinde circa <expan abbr="mediũ">medium</expan>, vel centrum tantulum attollitur, atque intumeſcit; <lb></lb>ſed quid de primo? </s> <s id="s.001978">vix enim video, quonam pacto ad idem principium re<lb></lb>duci queat; idem de tertio dictum ſit; ſuggere quæſo mihi, quid ſentias. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001979"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001980"> Per admotum canaliculum Mercurius non aſſurgit; tum quia <lb></lb>cùm longè craſſior ſit reliquo humore in anguſtias difficiliùs intruditur; <lb></lb>vnde per telam, ſeu pannum non colatur, vt aqua; quia per exigua coli fo<lb></lb>ramina difficilè trajicitur; tum quia prædicta foſſula exterior circa canali<lb></lb>culi immerſi ſuperficiem convexam excavata vim preſſionis diſtrahit à ſu<lb></lb>perficie Mercurij, quæ baſi canaliculi adhæret, eam que in contrariam par<lb></lb>tem traducit; vnde non mirum, ſi vi preſſionis Mercurius per canaliculum <lb></lb>non aſſurgat. </s> <s id="s.001981">Sed potiùs ex vtroque capite Mercurius intra canaliculum <lb></lb>ſubſidat infra ſuperficiem exteriorem, cùm & vitrum ſuo appulſu, & vis <lb></lb>preſſionis, quæ per canaliculum exeritur, ſupra aliam prævalens, ob ratio<lb></lb>nem expoſitam, Mercurium deprimant. </s> <s id="s.001982">Inde quoque ratio ducitur tertij <lb></lb>experimenti; nempe roſtrum calami propter craſſitudinem Mercurij in <lb></lb>eum non ſubit, ſed potiùs Mercurius roſtro cedens in foſſam ſubſidit; cùm <lb></lb>difficiliùs quàm aqua dividatur; vnde mutatur preſſionis ratio, ac proinde <lb></lb>per roſtrum admotum non aſſurgit, vt aqua. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001983"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001984"> Quid ſi in vaſe compoſito iuxta formam præſcriptam & <lb></lb>delineatam in Figura ſequente. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="170" xlink:href="025/01/174.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001985"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001986"> Hoc ipſum ſubnectere meditabar; ſed præveniſti; infundo igi<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.174.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/174/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>tur Mercurium in AB, donec totum vas plenum <lb></lb>ſit, ſtatue libellam AG; obſerva quantumlibet, <lb></lb>vides Mercurium aſſurgere in FG ; equidem cir<lb></lb>ca centrum V altiùs attollitur, quàm ſi eſſet aqua, <lb></lb>propter rationem à me ſupra expoſitam; tantu<lb></lb>lum enim ſubït cuneus aëris inter latera vaſis & <lb></lb>Mercurium, quod inaqua non fit; vnde altiùs <lb></lb>centrum V. attollitur; minus verò centrum ſu<lb></lb>perficiei FG, quia minor eſt ſuperficies: vides ta<lb></lb>men, vix oculo diſcerni poſſe, vtra ſuperficies al<lb></lb>tiùs aſſurgat; equidem ſi canaliculus IE angu<lb></lb>ſtior eſſet, difficilius per illum craſſior Mercurius aſſurgeret; hinc minùs <lb></lb>altè, in plumbo, & melle idem probabis; ſi verò, vt hic, paulò laxior ad ean<lb></lb>dem ſenſibiliter aſcendit altitudinem, & licèt tantulum aſſurgat, per cana<lb></lb>liculum id compenſatur ab altiore tumore ſuperficiei AB. </s> <s id="s.001987">Illud porrò tan<lb></lb>tulum, quo aſſurgit ab eadem ratione inæqualis preſſionis procedit; cùm <lb></lb>enim aquæ gravitas ſit ad <expan abbr="gravitatẽ">gravitatem</expan> Mercurij ferè vt 1.ad 15.fit ſegmentum <lb></lb>aquæ ſupra libellam AG aſſurgens, FL; dividatur linea FM in 15.partes <lb></lb>æquales, vna ex illis erit altitudo ſegmenti Mercurij aſſurgentis in canali<lb></lb>culo ID; ſi tamen paulò laxior ſit, vt dixi; ſi enim anguſtior, præ craſſitudi<lb></lb>ne minùs aſſurgit: vides quàm facilè cuncta hæc ad commune illud princi<lb></lb>pium reducantur, immò ad aliud reduci nequeant; ac proinde ex præmiſſis <lb></lb>omnibus experimentis idem principium etiám ſtatuitur & confirmatur. </s> <s id="s.001988">Sci<lb></lb>licet humorem attolli in canaliculo propter inæqualem aëris preſſionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001989"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc mihi ſupra modum arrident; quid porrò fiat ſi canàli<lb></lb>culus intra alium inſeratur, quando ſcilicet in Mercurium immergitur, ex <lb></lb>te reſcire deſidero, cùm mihi dubium non ſit, quin cuncta hæc probaveris. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.174.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/174/2.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001990"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001991"> Rectè conjicis, à me probata eſſe: Sit ergo <lb></lb>Cylindrus vitreus AD, cavus, ſed clauſus in CD, <lb></lb>apertus in AB; in quem tantulum Mercurij infuſus <lb></lb>occupet ſegmentum CO, & inſeratur canaliculus <lb></lb>vtrimque pervius IE; non aſſurgit Mercurius ſupra <lb></lb>libellam NO, ſed tantulum deprimitur in canaliculo; <lb></lb>aſſurgit verò in vacuitate intercepta, propter rationem <lb></lb>jam expoſitam. </s> <s id="s.001992">Si verò infundatur aqua in prædictam <lb></lb>vacuitatem interceptam, tantulum Mercurius in præ<lb></lb>dicta vacuitate contentus deprimitur infra libellam <lb></lb>NO, aſſurgit verò ſupra in canaliculo, puta in G ; quod <lb></lb>certè fieri debet, vt ſit perfectum æquilibrium; cùm <lb></lb>ſcilicet non modò pondus Mercurij NE attollat Mer<lb></lb>curium, verùm etiam pondus ſimul aquæ infuſæ; igitur <lb></lb>ſi pondus ſolius Mercurij ſuſtinet ſegmentum Mercu<lb></lb>rij EE, majus pondus, vtpote compoſitum ex Mercu<lb></lb>rio & aqua infuſa, majus Mercurij ſegmentum ſuſtinet, puta EG ; ſi autem <pb pagenum="171" xlink:href="025/01/175.jpg"></pb>aſcendat per canaliculum ſupra NO, infra NO deſcendat, neceſſe eſt, in<lb></lb>tra vacuitatem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001993">Prætereà ſi his ſtantibus, attollatur canaliculus IE, vſque ad imam aquæ <lb></lb>ſuperficiem, puta vſque ad NO, tunc deſcendente Mercurio ex ſegmento <lb></lb>FG, ſubit aqua canaliculum impletque, tum canaliculum, tum vacuitatem, <lb></lb>ſiſtitque vtraque aquæ ſuperficies, tum intra, tum extra canaliculum, in ea<lb></lb>dem libella, puta HM nec aſſurgit aqua per canaliculum altiùs contra mo<lb></lb>rem ſolitum; ratio ex eo petitur, quòd aëris preſſio aquam per canaliculum <lb></lb>attollere nequeat, niſi ſimul attollat Mercurium; ſupponitur enim canali<lb></lb>culus tantulum immerſus in Mercurium; hunc autem, vt dixi, attollere non <lb></lb>poteſt; hinc ſi canaliculus ita attollatur, vt ima illius extremitas ſit ſupra <lb></lb>ſuperficiem Mercurij, tunc aqua altiùs aſſurgit ſupra libellam HM, puta <lb></lb>in I, quia tunc inæqualis aëris preſſio ſuum effectum habet; neque ad <lb></lb>hunc finem Mercurius, vt ante, attollendus eſt, ſed aqua ſola; ſi demum <lb></lb>ex illo ſitu, quo ima baſis canaliculi ſupremæ Mercurij adhæret, & vtra<lb></lb>que ſuperficies aquæ, tum in vacuitate, tum in canaliculo æquè aſſurgit in <lb></lb>HM, deprimas canaliculum vſque ad E, aquæ ſuperficies in vacuitate <lb></lb>aſcendit ſupra HM, infra quam deſcendit in canaliculo; quia ſegmentum <lb></lb>canaliculi immerſum Mercurio ex eo loco imi vaſis, quem occupat, extru<lb></lb>dit Mercurium in vacuitatem interceptam faciliùs quàm in canaliculum, <lb></lb>propter anguſtias; quid mirum ergo, ſi ſuperficies aquæ in vacuita<lb></lb>te aſſurgat ſupra HM, hanc enim attollit extruſus à ſegmento im<lb></lb>merſo Mercurius, in canaliculo verò ſubſidente Mercurio, incu<lb></lb>bans aqua etiam ſubſidit, ex his, ni fallor, reliqua facilè intelli<lb></lb>getis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001994"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001995"> Cuncta hæc illam aëris preſſionem omnino evincunt, ad <lb></lb>quam etiam multa alia, quæ vi cuidam tractrici vulgò tribuuntur, æquè <lb></lb>facilè reducere poſſum. </s> <s id="s.001996">Sic ſpongioſa corpora humorem dicuntur exuge<lb></lb>re, vt panis, præſertim bis coctus, aut recens, ſpongia, pannus, terra <lb></lb>ſicca, pumex, aliaque hujuſmodi; nam pori ſeu meatus, quantumvis <lb></lb>obliqui totidem canaliculos faciunt, per quos aqua facilè aſſurgit: Vn<lb></lb>de vis illa tractrix, vt omnino fictitia, rejicitur; item illa Fromondi fa<lb></lb>bula, qui niſi me fallit memoria lib. 5. Meteor. cap. 2. art. 2. Vbi Conimbri<lb></lb>cenſium aliorumque ſententias rejeciſſet, recurrit ad quaſdam partes aquæ <lb></lb>tenuiores, quæ ſurſum aſcendunt; ſed illa aqua, vbi deinde ſpongia expri<lb></lb>mitur, æquè craſſa eſt atque alia, & aëre longè gravior; cur ergo aſcen<lb></lb>dit? </s> <s id="s.001997">Idem Fromondus aquam frigidiſſimam exugi negat; ſed merum men<lb></lb>dacium eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.001998"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.001999"> Sine quæſo iſtum hominem; ſufficiat à te optimè deduci, il<lb></lb>los effectus, qui vulgò ſuctioni, ſeu vi tractrici tribuuntur, ad idem prin<lb></lb>cipium noſtrum reduci; vt autem ad illud redeam, novum experimentum <lb></lb>adduco, per quod, meo judicio, mirificè confirmatur: Sit vas quodlibet <lb></lb>aqua plenum, admoveatur canaliculus, in ſitu perpendiculari, illico aqua <lb></lb>aſſurgit; appendatur in hoc eodem ſitu canaliculus, fideli bilance, aqua, quæ <lb></lb>ſubit, nullum momentum addit ponderi canaliculi vitrei; quod vt accura-<pb pagenum="172" xlink:href="025/01/176.jpg"></pb>tè fiat, ſuſpendatur canaliculus tenui filo pendulo ex brachio extremo bi<lb></lb>lancis; ita vt deorſum ire non poſſit, ſed tantùm parum immergatur in <lb></lb>ſuperficiem aquæ ſubjecto vaſe contentæ; occludaturque ſupremum os ca<lb></lb>naliculi cera, aut ſuilla veſica, antequam immergatur, ac deinde immerſum <lb></lb>illius pondus accuratè appendatur, admoto ſcilicet iuſto pondere oppoſitæ <lb></lb>lanci; poſteà verò aperiatur acu ſupremum os prius obſtructum; aſſurgit <lb></lb>illico aqua per canaliculum, licèt nihil ponderis prorſus accedat: Illa igi<lb></lb>tur aquæ portio, quæ per canaliculum aſcendit, dicto filo pendulo non <lb></lb>ſuſtinetur, ſed ab alio principio, eoque applicato; ſcilicet ab aëre com<lb></lb>preſſo; hoc experimentum, ſi accuratè fiat, rem iſtam evincit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002000"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002001"> Sed vnde hujuſmodi aëris compreſſionem eſſe putares? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002002"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002003"> Huic tuo quæſito faciam ſatis; ſi dixero ex duplici capite pro<lb></lb>venire, Primò, ex admixtione vaporis & halitus; cùm enim noſter aër purus <lb></lb>non ſit, multa hujuſmodi habet admixta, vnde illius compreſſio ſequitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002004">Secundò, ex pondere ſupremi aëris incubantis: fieri enim non poteſt, quin <lb></lb>aër ſubjectus inde compreſſus evadat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002005"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Eſt quod multa opponam. </s> <s id="s.002006">Primò, totus aër gravitat gra<lb></lb>vitatione communi; ne igitur pars inferior in ſe ipſum gravitare dica<lb></lb>tur, dicendum videtur. </s> <s id="s.002007">Superiorem aëris tractum in inferiorem non <lb></lb>gravitare. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002008"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002009"> Dare non poſſum totum aëra gravitatione communi gravi<lb></lb>tare in quodlibet corporis ſubjecti punctum; nec enim vllum centrum <lb></lb>gravitatis commune habet, quod iis dumtaxat gravibus competit (de <lb></lb>phyſico loquor) quorum tota vis gravitationis per vnicam lineam à præ<lb></lb>dicto centro ductam exeritur ; corpus liquidum, vt aqua, & ſpirabile, vt <lb></lb>aër, niſi contineantur in vaſe, per Cylindros deorſum, parallelos, gra<lb></lb>vitant; ſcilicet ad ſenſum; cùm alioquin omnes Cylindri gravitationis <lb></lb>versùs idem centrum eant; vnde paralleli eſſe non poſſunt; equidem ſe<lb></lb>cundùm eundem Cylindrum gravitatio omnium partium, quæ illum <lb></lb>componunt, ita communis eſt, vt omnes ſimul in corpus ſubjectum gra<lb></lb>vitent, & ſingulæ ſupra ſingulas ſubjectas immò ſupra eandem ſubjectam <lb></lb>omnes ſuperiores, in eodem tamen Cylindro; cogita lapidem lapidi ſuppo<lb></lb>ſitum, ſubjectus enim omnes ſuperiores ferre cenſetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002010"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002011"> Tota igitur illa gravitatio reducitur in lineas; ſinguli enim <lb></lb>Cylindri ſunt totidem lineæ; linea autem, aut nihil, aut parum ponde<lb></lb>ris habet; nulla igitur inde compreſſio, aut certè modica; quid enim <lb></lb>tam parvi ponderis vis efficeret: ponamus enim Cylindrum aqueum da<lb></lb>tæ baſis & altitudinis pendere vnam libram; ſupponamus item aquæ gra<lb></lb>vitatem eſſe ad gravitatem aëris vt 1000. ad 1. haud dubiè Cylindrus aë<lb></lb>ris æqualis pendit tantùm vnam milleſimam partem vnius libræ; igitur <lb></lb>ſi 1000. hujuſmodi Cylindros ita diſponas, vt vnus alteri imponatur, om<lb></lb>nes ſimul vnam libram pendent; cùm autem in infinitum contrahi baſis <lb></lb>poſſit, & in eadem proportione creſcere altitudo, certè habebis Cylindrum <lb></lb>petitæ cujuſlibet altitudinis, qui vnam libram pendat, licèt ad lineam non<lb></lb>dum redactus, ſeu contractus ſit. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="173" xlink:href="025/01/177.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002012"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002013"> Nulla eſt in hoc difficultas, & valde miror, te in hoc ar<lb></lb>gumento diutiùs hærere; in qua enim proportione decreſcit pondus, de<lb></lb>creſcit reſiſtentia; id eſt, in qua proportione contrahitur baſis Cylindri <lb></lb>comprimentis, contrahitur & Cylindri compreſſi: nempe, vt ſe habet <lb></lb>comprimens Cylindrus, cujus baſis eſt vt quatuor, ad Cylindrum com<lb></lb>preſſum baſis vt quatuor, ita ſe habet Cylindrus baſis 2.ad Cylindrum ba<lb></lb>ſis vt 2.ejuſdem ſcilicet altitudinis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002014"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002015"> Quis, quæſo capiat, tantam preſſionis vim, quam haud du<lb></lb>biè immane pondus incubantis aëris omninò efficeret, etiam ſi demus, <lb></lb>aëris gravitatem eſſe ad gravitatem aquæ vt 1. ad 1000. aut etiam ſi vis, <lb></lb>duplo, vel triplo minorem; porrò aëra parum admodum compreſſum eſſe, <lb></lb>vel ex eo probatur argumento, vt aiunt, ad hominem, quod tantulum aquæ <lb></lb>dumtaxat elevet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002016"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002017"> In hoc ſaltem hallucinaris, quòd eandem aëris gravitantem <lb></lb>vbique eſſe ſupponas, quod tamen à veritate prorſus alienum eſt, nempe <lb></lb>aër inferior gravior eſt, quia compreſſior, in quacumque voles ratione; <lb></lb>cùm enim aëris altitudinem certam neſciamus, ſuper hoc, niſi tantùm in <lb></lb>genere, aliquid definire nequimus; quòd autem modicam vim preſſionis, <lb></lb>ſeu potiùs compreſſionis aëris ex eo probes, quòd modicus ſit illius effe<lb></lb>ctus, aqua ſcilicet per canaliculum aſſurgens, rectè, meo judicio, non de<lb></lb>ducis; cùm etiam aër exterior compreſſus, per ſupremum os canaliculi per<lb></lb>vij eam vim retundat; minùs tamen; vnde alia preſſio prævaleat neceſ<lb></lb>ſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002018"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002019"> Immò tu potiùs hallucinaris, Auguſtine, licèt enim retun<lb></lb>dat, repellatque humorem per caniculum aſſurgentem aër compreſſus, per <lb></lb>eundem ſcilicet canaliculum ſuam vim exerens; quia tamen vires preſſio<lb></lb>nis ſunt vt anguli, ſeu coni preſſionum, de quibus ante, haud dubiè preſſio <lb></lb>intra canaliculum vix eſſet millecupla alterius, ac proinde milleſimam <lb></lb>tantùm effectus, ſcilicet elevationis partem impediret, quæ reverà ſub ſen<lb></lb>ſum non cadit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002020"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002021"> Sentio vim hujus argumenti, cui ſolvendo vix parem me ſen<lb></lb>tio; immò alia duo mihi veniunt in mentem, quæ non parum negotij mihi <lb></lb>faceſſunt; fer opem, Antime, nempe de tua cauſa & ſententia hîc agitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002022"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002023"> Citiùs quàm par eſſet, animum deſpondes; quid quæſo hîc diffi<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.177.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/177/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cile? </s> <s id="s.002024">Repete Figuram ſuperiorem. </s> <s id="s.002025">Sitque ſuperfi<lb></lb>cies aquæ AB, in quam vis preſſionis exeritur ; <lb></lb>itemque FG, in quam etiam vis preſſionis <lb></lb>cadit, minor certè, ſed in minima proportione <lb></lb>inæqualitatis incumbit; nempe totus aër æqua<lb></lb>liter premit AB & FG, vſque ad terminum <lb></lb>DE, cùm æquè liber ſit, vt patet; illa ſolùm <lb></lb>aëris portio contenta in ſegmento canaliculi <lb></lb>FE inæqualitatem inducit; nimirum totus aër <lb></lb>liberè premit FG, ſed excepta portione FE; <lb></lb>cujus angulus preſſionis contrahitur, de hoc <pb pagenum="174" xlink:href="025/01/178.jpg"></pb>enim angulo intelligi debent ea, quæ ſupra dicta ſunt; quo ſemel admiſ<lb></lb>ſo, vides, quàm modica ſit preſſionis differentia, ac proinde minimus ferè <lb></lb>illius effectus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002026"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002027"> Ea, quæ modò dixiſti, multam mihi lucem attulerunt; & <lb></lb>jam mihi ſolvere poſſe videor illa, quæ mihi paulò ante in mentem ve<lb></lb>nerunt; primum erat, quod in imo aëris tractu, aqua per canalicu<lb></lb>lum altiùs attolli deberet, quod tamen fieri non exiſtimo; ſed hoc facilè <lb></lb>ſolvitur; quia modica illa differentia in vtroque ſitu ſub ſenſum non ca<lb></lb>dit. </s> <s id="s.002028">Alterum erat paulò difficiliùs, quod ſcilicet in Plenilunio & Novi<lb></lb>lunio longè altius attolli deberet, quia tunc aër gravior eſt; ſed profe<lb></lb>ctò cùm illa gravitas aëris ab humore admixto procedat, qui reverà non <lb></lb>comprimitur, non ſequitur, aëra compreſſiorem eſſe, licèt gravior ſit, <lb></lb>non quidem per ſe, ſed per accidens, vt aiunt. </s> <s id="s.002029">Tertium denique, quod <lb></lb>jam ſupra indicaveras, cuipiam fortè difficillimum videbitur; nempe <lb></lb>tempore ſummi æſtus, cùm minor incubet aëris gravitatio, aër minus <lb></lb>compreſſus eſt; ſub finem verò refluxus cùm major incubet gravitatio, ac <lb></lb>proinde aër compreſſior fit; hac hora humor per canaliculum altiùs, il<lb></lb>la verò minùs altè aſſurgeret, quod tamen, opinor, minimè ſuccedit; <lb></lb>facilè tamen reſponderi poteſt, immò reſpondeo, hoc non facere, vt hu<lb></lb>mor altiùs attollatur, cùm maneat ſenſibiliter eadem inæqualis preſſionis <lb></lb>proportio; ſive aër compreſſior, ſive minùs compreſſus ſit; ſed hoc jam <lb></lb>ſupra indicaſti, Antime; Non nego tamen compreſſioris aëris alios ef<lb></lb>fectus eſſe poſſe; ſed in hoc caſu novus effectus non eſt; hæc porrò re<lb></lb>ſponſio in primum illud, quod ſupra expoſui, optimè quadrat, vt patet: <lb></lb>antequam autem ad tuas guttulas & bullas orationem convertas, ſcire ve<lb></lb>lim, cur humor aliquando aſſurgat per canaliculum velociſſimo motu, ali<lb></lb>quando verò tardiùs; præſertim ſi canaliculus inclinetur, quod aliquando <lb></lb>memini, à me probatum fuiſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002030"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002031"> Citò aſſurgit, quando humefacta ſuperficie cava canali<lb></lb>culi, nullas ſalebras, nulla impedimenta humor invenit; vbi tamen in <lb></lb>dictas aſperitates aſſurgens humor incurrit, tardiùs haud dubiè progredi<lb></lb>tur; cujus rei clariſſimam analogiam habes in aqua per ſiccum alveum <lb></lb>currente, cujus curſus ab inæquali alvei ſuperficie ſiſtitur & impedi<lb></lb>tur, ac proinde lentiùs fluit; ideò porrò per inclinatum alveum prædi<lb></lb>cta motus tarditas obſervatur, quia ſcilicet ex parte, in dictam vitri <lb></lb>ſuperficiem incumbit, ac proinde in prædictas ſalebras magis incur<lb></lb>rit; ſed jam ad guttas & bullas venio, & ante omnia, quæro ex te, <lb></lb>Auguſtine, vnde illam Figuram Sphæricam habeat gutta, præſertim ſi pau<lb></lb>lò minor eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002032"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002033"> Varij varia de hoc argumento, quæ quia merè commenti<lb></lb>tia eſſe puto, & fictitia, ad ſalvandum hoc experimentum vltro præter<lb></lb>mitto, præſertim cùm ex iis, quæ huc vſque à te dicta ſunt, veram hu<lb></lb>jus rei cauſam, germanamque rationem conjiciam; nempe cùm ab aë<lb></lb>re compreſſo æquali niſu tota guttæ ſuperficies prematur, quid mi<lb></lb>rum ſi inde Sphæriea Figura inducatur. </s> <s id="s.002034">Vix obnitente, ſeu reluctan-<pb pagenum="175" xlink:href="025/01/179.jpg"></pb>te humoris gravitate, qui cùm in puncto contactus quaſi ſuſtinea<lb></lb>tur, & partes inter ſe aliquam tenacitatem habeant, & premens aër <lb></lb>vndequaque premat, ac proinde ab ima parte quaſi ſuſtineat latera<lb></lb>les humoris partes, hæ minimè ſubſidunt; hinc vbi major eſt humoris <lb></lb>quantitas, ſubſidit humor, & gutta deprimitur, prævalente ſcilicet humo<lb></lb>ris pondere. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002035"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002036"> Rectè omninò mentem meam & ſenſum aſſequeris; hinc <lb></lb>multa experimenta omnibus obvia ad idem principium reduco. </s> <s id="s.002037">Primò, <lb></lb>vbi vna gutta in aliam incidit, duæ in vnam eandemque abeunt; nem<lb></lb>pe in eo contactus puncto, in quo vna tangit aliam, ab externo aëre non <lb></lb>premitur, ſed in aliis omnibus; hinc cedit humor in eo puncto, atque <lb></lb>adeò vna intra aliam intruditur. </s> <s id="s.002038">Secundò, Gutta pendula hæret aliquan<lb></lb>do vel in ſuperficie ligni, quæ deorſum vergit, vel extremo naſo; vnde <lb></lb>hoc? </s> <s id="s.002039">quia premit aër ab omni parte, ea dumtaxat excepta, quæ ligno <lb></lb>vel naſo adhæret; ea autem vis eſt preſſionis, quæ guttam hærentem ſu<lb></lb>ſtineat; ſi autem ſcire velis, quanta ſit hæc gutta, illico reponam, æqua<lb></lb>lem eſſe humoris portioni, quæ per canaliculum attollitur, vt ſæpè pro<lb></lb>bavi. </s> <s id="s.002040">Tertiò, Si partem inferiorem guttæ pendulæ, vel minima feſtu<lb></lb>ca tangas, ſtatim effluit per admotam feſtucam; quia in eo puncto, in <lb></lb>quo feſtuca guttæ admovetur, aër non premit, quia non tangit; aliæ <lb></lb>igitur partes prementes prævalent; igitur accedente præſertim gravita<lb></lb>te, ſeu pondere guttæ pendulæ, gutta decidit. </s> <s id="s.002041">Quartò, Si verò tangas in <lb></lb>ſuperiore portione laterali, & lentè feſtucam adducas, gutta ſequitur, <lb></lb>non quòd vlla vis tractrix inſit, quæ in hoc præſertim caſu fictitia eſt, <lb></lb>ſed quia partem illam aër non premit, ſed oppoſitam, illa cedit huic præ<lb></lb>valenti; vnde ſi feſtuca reducitur, vi preſſionis, in prædicta parte oppoſi<lb></lb>ta, guttam ſequi neceſſe eſt. </s> <s id="s.002042">Quintò, Guttæ humoris, plano in ſitu ver<lb></lb>ticali ſito etiam adhærent, propter eandem rationem, quam non re<lb></lb>peto. </s> <s id="s.002043">Sextò, In guttis Mercurij id diſcriminis eſt, quod paulò majores <lb></lb>non adhæreant, propter majus pondus, ſecus minores, pro quo eſt eadem <lb></lb>ratio, iſtæ autem perfectiùs tornantur; quia Mercurius tenacior eſt & craſ<lb></lb>ſior; accedit, quòd in planorum Strias & Salebras non ſubit, vt aqua; igi<lb></lb>tur faciliùs ſeſe ſuſtinet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002044"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002045"> De bullis vel ampullis, idem facilè dixero; quæ ſic tornan<lb></lb>tur ab aëre preſſo tum interiore, tum exteriore: feſtucam etiam admotam <lb></lb>ac deinde reductam ſequitur bulla, propter eandem rationem: in hoc certè <lb></lb>nullam video difficultatem; ſed perge quæſo, Antime, ac recenſe alia expe<lb></lb>rimenta, quæ haud dubiè obſervaſti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002046"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002047"> Hoc facere meditantem interpellaſti. </s> <s id="s.002048">Septimò, Igitur vbi pup<lb></lb>pus vel extremam linguam papillæ mammæ affigit, lac ſtatim effluit; <lb></lb>quia ſcilicet aër vndequaque mammæ ſuperficiem premit, excepta illa par<lb></lb>te extrema, cui lingua puppuli adhæret ; quid mirum igitur ſi lac exprima<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="s.002049">Octavò, Niſi extra chorum ſaltare timerem, huc etiam adducerem co<lb></lb>nicam flammæ Figuram, ad quam inducendam aëris preſſio non parum <lb></lb>confert; cùm enim ab halitu igneo ſurſum extruſo aër valde rareſcat, <pb pagenum="176" xlink:href="025/01/180.jpg"></pb>& diſpergatur, ab ea parte non premit, ſed ab omni alia, vnde Figuram <lb></lb>conicam ſequi neceſſe eſt; ſed hoc argumentum alterius loci eſt; in libro <lb></lb>ſingulari de igne rem hanc fusè proſecutus ſum. </s> <s id="s.002050">Nonò, Arborum trun<lb></lb>ci & rami, immò & pili, oſſa, nervi, & multa alia Figuram Cylindricam <lb></lb>habent, cùm enim initio molliora eſſent, ab aëre premente tornata <lb></lb>fuerunt. </s> <s id="s.002051">Decimò, Si linguam vulneri admoveas, dum recens eſt, <lb></lb>illico ſanguis effluit, ob aëris ſcilicet preſſionem in circumpoſitam car<lb></lb>nem. </s> <s id="s.002052">Omitto alia ferè innumera, quæ ex dictis facilè & nullo negotio intel<lb></lb>ligetis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002053"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002054"> Vna difficultas reſtat, eaque maxima: nempe intelligo, hu<lb></lb>morem etiam per canaliculum aſſurgere intra vas, in quo aër maximè di<lb></lb>latatus eſt; vnde manifeſtè colligi videtur, non attolli propter aëris com<lb></lb>preſſionem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002055"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002056"> Non nego, difficilè argumentum eſſe; ſed quia connexum eſt <lb></lb>cum illo celebri experimento ſuſpenſi in fiſtula vitrea Mercurij, vel alio <lb></lb>recipientis vitrei, in quo aër vi emboli adducti dilatatur, quæ paulò poſt <lb></lb>diſcutiemus, rem illam eò remitto; antequam porrò de præfato experi<lb></lb>mento agam, vnum profectò non omittam, quod viro ingenioſiſſimo <lb></lb>meique amiciſſimo aliquando in mentem venit, ſcilicet ab ea vi humo<lb></lb>rem per canaliculum attolli, quàm vulgò electricam vocant, quod tamen, <lb></lb>meo judicio, dici non poteſt; cùm diverſiſſima ſint vtriuſque motio<lb></lb>nis principia; nempe vis electrica in eo poſita eſt, quod Viſcidorum fi<lb></lb>laminum tenſorum priùs ac deinde reductorum vi, facilè mobilia ſimul <lb></lb>adducantur, affiganturque ſuccino, ex quo prædicta filamina effluvio quo<lb></lb>dam perenni erumpunt; quid porrò hæc ad elevationem humoris per ca<lb></lb>naliculum? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002057"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002058"> Inaudij aliquid de hoc argumento à te fuiſſe excogitatum, <lb></lb>ſed majori ſaltem ex parte mihi excidit; quare rem mihi gratiſſimam facies, <lb></lb>ſi obiter ſaltem explanes, neque hoc Parergum Chryſocomo diſplicebit; im<lb></lb>mò inde meliùs conſtabit eorum veritas, quæ huc vſque de humoris per ca<lb></lb>naliculum elevatione nobis expoſuiſti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002059"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002060"> Per me licèt, Auguſtine, ſed obiter; ſuccinum igitur poſt <lb></lb>modicum affrictum in modica diſtantia, trahit, & ad ſe adducit corpo<lb></lb>ra facilè mobilia, eaque omnis generis, excepta dumtaxat flamma, aliiſ<lb></lb>que accenſis, vt prunis, ferro candente, idque in omni ſitu, ſurſum, deor<lb></lb>ſum, dextrorſum, ſiniſtrorſum, modò nihil prorſus interponatur; ſi <lb></lb>enim vel tenuiſſimum chartæ folium interponatur, nihil trahit, præ<lb></lb>ter ipſum folium; trahit autem corpora facilè mobilia omnis generis, <lb></lb>vt dixi, & in omni corporis ſtatu; duro ſcilicet, liquido, ſpirabili; ſic <lb></lb>fumum trahit agitque in diverſos vortices ſeu turbines, pulverem, <lb></lb>aquam, oleum, &c. </s> <s id="s.002061">Videres enim guttam aquæ vel olei, cui ſuc<lb></lb>cinum admovetur extendere ſeſe atque attolli; Videres innumera pul<lb></lb>veris grana tripudio quodam ſalientia, Atomos intra Solis ra<lb></lb>dium, conclavi probè clauſo fluitantes, admoto ſuccino turmatim <lb></lb>accurrere, fumum in mille, ductum filamina hinc & illinc ſuccino <pb pagenum="177" xlink:href="025/01/181.jpg"></pb>advolvi, acum magneticam libratam in orbem agi perniciſſime; libræ <lb></lb>lancem in perfecto æquilibrio ſtatutam, vel attolli, ſi ſurſum ſuccinum <lb></lb>applicetur, vel deprimi, ſi deorſum, dixi, poſt affrictum ſuccini; quia ta<lb></lb>men ad diverſi corporis ſuperficiem prædictus affrictus fieri poteſt, ob<lb></lb>ſervavi etiam, diverſos inde effectus ſequi; nempe ſi affrictus fiat ad <lb></lb>pannum omnis generis, ſed præſertim ad coactilem, tunc ſuccinum ma<lb></lb>ximè trahit; ad telam etiam, ſed minus, item ad cutem, chirothecam, <lb></lb>corium, modo pinguius non ſit, chartam, oloſericum, barbam, capillos, <lb></lb>ad oſſa, metalla, cornu, ceram, ligna, teſtam, vitrum, vel nihil, vel pa<lb></lb>rum admodum: item ſi affrictus fiat ad cutem, humore, melle, balſa<lb></lb>mo, atramento, adipe ferè omnis generis, therebinthina, ſucco mali au<lb></lb>rei, ſapone, aquis diſtillatis ferè omnis generis, dilutam ſeu perfuſam, <lb></lb>itemque ſi pulvere aſperſo affrictus fiat; ſecus tamen ſi butyro, ſuillo <lb></lb>adipe, oleo fere omnis generis; tunc enim ſaltem parum trahit, niſi ſal <lb></lb>oleo admixtum ſit, quod mihi ante aliquot annos indicavit vir acutiſſimi <lb></lb>ingenij meique amantiſſimus Laurentius Magalottus. </s> <s id="s.002062">Accedit, quod <lb></lb>non ſuccinum modò, vt vulgò dicitur, vi electrica pollet, ſed alia multa <lb></lb>corpora, vt Lacca, quàm vulgò ceram Hiſpanicam vocant, gagates, <lb></lb>concretum ſcilicet bituminis genus, adamas, multique lapilli; non ta<lb></lb>men vnio; cryſtallus & multa alia, nullum tamen ligni genus, teſtæ, me<lb></lb>talli, carnis &c. </s> <s id="s.002063">Illud vnum obſervo, corpus omne electrica virtute pol<lb></lb>lens eſſe vitrificum, vt ſic loquar, id eſt, quod ad inſtar vitri malleo frangi <lb></lb>ſeu teri, non verò duci, aut findi, aut friari poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002064"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002065"> Tam multa, tam varia in vnum congeſſiſti experimenta, re<lb></lb>ticitis tamen rationibus, vt mentem potiùs obrueris, quàm refeceris, aut <lb></lb>recrearis; ſingula quæſo te repetamus & reducamus ad certa principia, <lb></lb>vt inde veritas phyſica eluceſcat, itaque ante omnia, ediſcere nobis tuam <lb></lb>hypotheſim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002066"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002067"> In vno tantùm corpore electrico hypotheſim meam ſtatuo, <lb></lb>cùm ſcilicet pro aliis omnibus eadem ratio militet; accipio igitur Laccam <lb></lb>ſeu ceram hiſpanicam, tum quia magis obvia eſt, tum quia vi electrica <lb></lb>maximè pollet; illamque adhibui ad omnia ferè experimenta, conſtat <lb></lb>multo igne; quippe accenditur; & multa vligine, quia ducitur ſeu ne<lb></lb>tur in filamina viſcofa; ignis autem qui ineſt, perenni actione in partes <lb></lb>vicinas agit, quas haud dubiè rarefacit, ac proinde intra pororum an<lb></lb>guſtias contractæ inde nituntur erumpere, qua data porta; pori enim ob<lb></lb>ſtructi ſunt; ſublata autem hujuſmodi obſtructione per affrictum, ma<lb></lb>teria intus compreſſa erumpit ad inſtar ſulphurei jaculi; & quia viſcoſa <lb></lb>eſt, netur in filamen tenuiſſimum, quod præ impetu, quo erumpit, cum <lb></lb>intus altera ejus extremitas, propter viſcoſitatem aliis partibus ejuſdem <lb></lb>materiæ adhæreat; maximè tenditur; at ſtatim ceſſante impetu, redu<lb></lb>citur vt chorda tenſa, & ſecum aſportat corpuſcula facilè mobilia, quæ <lb></lb>occurrunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002068"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002069"> Hoc fortè gratis dicitur; quis enim filamina illa vnquam vi<lb></lb>dit, aut ſenſit? </s> <s id="s.002070">quis alia multa his ſimilia non fingat? </s> </p> <pb pagenum="178" xlink:href="025/01/182.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002071"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002072"> Perennia corporum effluvia agnoſcimus omnes, quod ex odo<lb></lb>re, ſitu, ſiccitate ac reſolutione corporum facilè probamus; accedit, <lb></lb>quod partes ignis, eáſque multas ineſſe conſtat, quæ vi activa eaque ne<lb></lb>ceſſaria pollent; multùm item materiæ rectè diſpoſitæ, in quam ignis <lb></lb>agat, vliginoſæ ſcilicet & pinguis; quidni ergo effectus neceſſarius ex <lb></lb>cauſa neceſſaria? </s> <s id="s.002073">Calor ſcilicet & rarefactio ejuſdem materiæ; ſed cum <lb></lb>intra pororum anguſtias comprimatur, pori enim, majore ſcilicet ex par<lb></lb>te obſtructi ſunt; vbi deinde affrictu, pori os abſtergitur, inde erumpit <lb></lb>cum impetu, & cùm materia viſcoſa ſit, ducitur in filum, cujus altera ex<lb></lb>tremitas intra porum hæret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002074"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002075"> Sed quid tandem poros obſtruit? </s> <s id="s.002076">deinde vnicus affrictus ſuf<lb></lb>ficeret, cùm tamen aliquo poſt affrictum tempore fortè non trahat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002077"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002078"> Ille halitus vliginoſus, ſic enim vocare liceat, ductus in fila<lb></lb>men, eo ferè modo, quo fumus; netur in fila; ſi enim candelam recèns <lb></lb>extinctam aſpicias, ſitam inter oculum & Solem, vel luculentam flam<lb></lb>mam, incredibilem prorsùs tenuiſſimorum filaminum vim miraberis; <lb></lb>quia verò ſtatim concreſcit externo frigore, ad oſtium pori omnino riget, <lb></lb>inde manifeſta obſtructionis cauſa, concretum ſcilicet ad pori os <lb></lb>filamen. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002079"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002080"> Inaudij ſemper, affrictum illum fieri, vt inde calor produ<lb></lb>catur, quem neceſſarium eſſe, dicunt, ad virtutem illam electricam exci<lb></lb>tandam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002081"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002082"> Scio proſectò, hæc vulgò dici ac doceri; non tamen res ita ſe<lb></lb>habet; Lacca enim, ſi nimium incaleſcat, nihil trahit, deinde ſi poſt af<lb></lb>frictum; Laccam vel ſuccinum in aliqua diſtantia flammæ admoveas, ac <lb></lb>deinde ad ea corpuſcula, quæ alioquin facilè trahuntur, applices, nihil <lb></lb>prorsùs trahit, vt millies ſaltem probavi; calor igitur vim electricam non <lb></lb>excitat, ſed potiùs impedit; equidem ſi denuò Laccam panno affrices, <lb></lb>corpuſcula, vt ante, illico trahit, ea porrò diſtantia flammæ, vel primis <lb></lb>lacca admovetur, qua, vt modicum ſaltem trahat, corpuſculis admo<lb></lb>vetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002083"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002084"> Non video, quid flamma ad id conferat, vt tractionem im<lb></lb>pediat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002085"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002086"> Id tamen video; licèt tu ipſe longè oculatior ſis; nempe fi<lb></lb>lamina illa vliginoſa ſunt, ac proinde ignem ſtatim concipiunt, abeuntque <lb></lb>in auras; ſublata igitur cauſa tractionis, filaminum ſcilicet tenſione & <lb></lb>adductione ceſſat tractio ; immo licèt jam corpuſculum ſuccino adhæ<lb></lb>reat, v. g. fruſtum chartæ, ſi juſta diſtantia flammæ admovetur, eo ipſo à <lb></lb>ſuccino avellitur, ac deorſum proprio pondere cadit; quia ſcilicet funicu<lb></lb>los illos conſumit ignis, quibus affixum tenebatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002087"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002088"> Nihil addi poteſt, adeòque iſta difficultas penitus exhauſta eſt; <lb></lb>conſtat igitur non ideò affrictu opus eſſe, ad excitandum calorem, ſed ad <lb></lb>ſuperficiem abſtergendam, & purganda pororum oſtiola, vt ſcilicet nova <lb></lb>filamina ex iis erumpant; non negarim tamen, affrictu illo aliquid etiam <lb></lb>caloris produci, & colligi ignis partes; calor enim congregat homoge-<pb pagenum="179" xlink:href="025/01/183.jpg"></pb>nea, calidi ſcilicet; ſic affrictu manus incaleſcit; calor porrò auctus vbe<lb></lb>rioris effluvij cauſa eſt; perfectam, ni fallor, hujus rei analogiam habe<lb></lb>mus in corporibus odoratis, præſertim durioribus; certum enim eſt, <lb></lb>odorem diffundi in halitu odorifero; affrictu autem eorundem corpo<lb></lb>rum major vis prædicti halitus educitur: primarius tamen affrictus finis <lb></lb>in electricis alio ſpectat, ſcilicet ad pororum oſtia expurganda: hinc pan<lb></lb>no potiùs, quàm tela, aut ſerico, prædictus finis obtinetur; quia pannus <lb></lb>laneus aſperior eſt: ad id porrò quod dicebas, à nemine vnquam præ<lb></lb>dicta filamina viſa fuiſſe, vt cum tua bona venia dicam, futile eſt; quis enim <lb></lb>pariter halitum odoratum vidit? </s> <s id="s.002089">aut contagioſum? </s> <s id="s.002090">eumque, in quem ſin<lb></lb>gulis diebus aliqua noſtri corporis pars avolat? </s> <s id="s.002091">proba ſis, inſigni aliquo <lb></lb>microſcopio; quod ad me ſpectat, nonnihil videre, auribuſque percipere <lb></lb>mihi videor. </s> <s id="s.002092">Videre quidem, adhibitis divinianis microſcopiis, quæ iure <lb></lb>omnibus huc vſque fabricatis anteponenda eſſe duxerim; audire verò <lb></lb>admota auribus tenuiſſima lamina, quæ ſonora vi maximè polleat, cui <lb></lb>ſtatim poſt affrictum ſuccinum applicatur; minimum enim & acutiſſimum <lb></lb>tinnitum audite mihi videor, qui edi non poteſt, niſi à prædictorum fila<lb></lb>minum appulſu; neutrum tamen pro certo vendito: neque id neceſſe eſt, <lb></lb>cùm aliundè conſtet; nec enim prædicta corpuſcula propria vi, ſeu vir<lb></lb>tute aſcendunt; v.g. pulvis graviſſimus; aliunde igitur moventur; non ab <lb></lb>aëre; quid enim ad hoc affrictus iuvaret? </s> <s id="s.002093">quid noceret flamma? </s> <s id="s.002094">cur alia <lb></lb>corpora ad eundem finem æquè idonea non eſſent, ac electrica? </s> <s id="s.002095">à ſuc<lb></lb>cino igitur adducuntur; qua vi amabo? </s> <s id="s.002096">tractrice, inquies; cur ergo af<lb></lb>frictu opus? </s> <s id="s.002097">cur obeſt flamma? </s> <s id="s.002098">cur major Laccæ aut ſuccini fruſtum <lb></lb>majus pondus non attollit? </s> <s id="s.002099">deinde ſuccinum vertibile accedit ad quod<lb></lb>libet corpus, niſi ignitum ſit; ſi ad vnum tantùm, vt magnes ad ferrum, <lb></lb>& viciſſim, eſſet aliqua analogia, ſed quod ad omnia; nativa vi ab intrin<lb></lb>ſeco, non dictu modò, ſed cogitatu ridiculum eſt: Itaque, cùm jam <lb></lb>aliunde, & ex communibus principiis habeam, præſatum filaminum efflu<lb></lb>vium; & cum iis adductis, illi omnes motus explicari facilè poſſint, ad<lb></lb>duci verò neceſſe ſit, ſi priùs tendantur, tendi autem oporteat, ſi cum im<lb></lb>petu ex poro erumpant; itemque cum impetu erumpere, ſi priùs materia <lb></lb>vliginoſa & viſcoſa vi partium ignis rarefacta; obſtructis poris avolare <lb></lb>prohibita, compreſſa intus retineatur, ac demum erumpant prædicta fila<lb></lb>mina, ſi affrictu, obex tollatur: fruſtra oculorum, quorum aciem fu<lb></lb>giunt, teſtimonium quæritur; nec ea propter meritò dici poteſt, hæc à <lb></lb>me gratis adſtrui; accedit, quòd multæ obſervationes hæc filamina pror<lb></lb>ſus evincunt. </s> <s id="s.002100">Primò, ſi poſt affrictum, ſuccinum pulveri admoveatur, quo<lb></lb>quoverſum diſpergitur pulvis, adducitur que. </s> <s id="s.002101">Secundò, fruſtula chartæ, <lb></lb>quibus admovetur, eodem modo diſperguntur. </s> <s id="s.002102">Tertiò, vbi ad ducuntur <lb></lb>illa in diverſos gyros & ſpiras eunt, ſitumque mutant, & modo hinc, mo<lb></lb>dò illinc trahuntur. </s> <s id="s.002103">Quartò, Nonnunquam aſſurgunt ex plano, in quo ja<lb></lb>cebant, & ſic erecta manent, licèt ſuccinum non tangant. </s> <s id="s.002104">Quintò, Vnum <lb></lb>alteri catenatim adhæret, quod non fit alio corpore admoto. </s> <s id="s.002105">Sextò, vidi <lb></lb>aliquando, idque non ſemel, fruſtum chartæ citra contactum, è ſuccino <pb pagenum="180" xlink:href="025/01/184.jpg"></pb>pendulum; dici tamen poſſet adhæſiſſe ſuccino per aliquod inſenſibile <lb></lb>chartæ filamentum. </s> <s id="s.002106">Septimò. </s> <s id="s.002107">Vbi fruſtra illa levi digito moveo, Senſio re<lb></lb>ſiſtentiam omnino illi ſimilem, quam ſentirem, ſi tenuiſſimo reticulo impli<lb></lb>cata eſſe<gap></gap>t; immo poſtquam loco ſuo mota ſunt, in eandem non recipiunt <lb></lb>ſeſe, ſed huc illuc, ab aliis filaminibus abripiuntur. </s> <s id="s.002108">Octavo. </s> <s id="s.002109">Quando poſt af<lb></lb>frictum, fruſtum adducitur, quaſi tripudio quodam huc illuc agitur; vix hæc <lb></lb>aliaque multa ſimilia ſine prædictis filaminibus explicari poſſunt, immo nec <lb></lb>intelligi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002110"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002111"> Perge quæſo, & alia nobis expone, quæ ad rem hanc per<lb></lb>tinent. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002112"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002113"> Per me licet; Nono, igitur ſi poſt affrictum, ſuccinum ſuccu<lb></lb>tias, eoque tundas aliud corpus, non trahit, vel longè minùs; quia prædicta <lb></lb>filamina ſuccuſſu illo diſſipantur. </s> <s id="s.002114">Decimò. </s> <s id="s.002115">Item ſi valido anhelitu ſuccinum <lb></lb>perfles, etiam poſt affrictum; quia ſic eadem filamina difflantur. </s> <s id="s.002116">Vndecimò. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002117">Idem accidit, ſi Aquiloni. </s> <s id="s.002118">Vel Auſtro vehementi, poſt affrictum, exponas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002119">Duodecimò. </s> <s id="s.002120">Item ſi poſt affrictum ſuccinum, vel humido immergas, vel <lb></lb>humore perfundas; nempe illa filamina humor diluit; hinc ad tenſionem <lb></lb>inepta: Analogiam habes in membrana tympani. </s> <s id="s.002121">Decimo-tertiò. </s> <s id="s.002122">Poſtquam <lb></lb>traxit, ſibique affixit pulverem ſuccinum, licèt illud admoveas fruſtulis <lb></lb>chartæ, illa vix trahit; abſterſo tamen pulvere, citra novum affrictum, char<lb></lb>tulas trahit; quia filamina circa pulverem occupata, aliud quidqiam non <lb></lb>trahunt; abſterſo tamen pulvere, fractis ſcilicet vinculis, nova erumpunt, <lb></lb>quæ prædictum præſtant effectum, ad quem præſertim præfata abſterſio <lb></lb>plurimum confert. </s> <s id="s.002123">Pari modo, poſtquàm traxit aliquot fruſta chartæ, vix <lb></lb>pulverem trahit, propter eandem rationem. </s> <s id="s.002124">Decimo - quartò. </s> <s id="s.002125">Si poſt aſtri<lb></lb>ctum, ſuccinum immergas Oleo, non obſtat, quo minùs trahat, quia Oleum <lb></lb>prædicta filamina vliginoſa non diluit. </s> <s id="s.002126">Decimo - quintò. </s> <s id="s.002127">Sicuti humorem <lb></lb>affundas, & in ea ſuccinum frices, poſt affrictum nihil trahit, quia affuſus <lb></lb>humor filamina diluit, & tenſionem impedit; idem dico de aquis diſtillatis, <lb></lb>vino, oxymo, aceto, ſucco mali aurei, propter eandem rationem; idem de <lb></lb>ſapone adipe, melle, balſamo, therebinthjna propter nimiam tenacitatem, <lb></lb>quæ filamina impedit. </s> <s id="s.002128">Decimo - ſextò. </s> <s id="s.002129">Si perfundatur cutis oleo, poſt af<lb></lb>frictum in ea ſuccini, ſequitur tractio ; quia vt jam dixi ſupra, Oleum non <lb></lb>obſtat, niſi ſal Oleo admiſceatur, quia ſcilicet poros ſuccini obſtruit; idem <lb></lb>de butyro, & ſuillo adipe recente, propter eandem rationem. </s> <s id="s.002130">Decimò - ſe<lb></lb>ptimò. </s> <s id="s.002131">Si pulverem cuti aſpergas, ac deinde frices, nihil trahit; quia pulve<lb></lb>ris admoti mordacitas, vel aſperitas filamina ſecat. </s> <s id="s.002132">Decimo - octavò. </s> <s id="s.002133">Si affri<lb></lb>ctus fiat in capillis, & tenera barba, tractioni non obeſt; quia eſt ad inſtar la<lb></lb>næ. </s> <s id="s.002134">Ex his, ni fallor, reliqua facilè intelligetis; quare illa omitto, ne prolixior <lb></lb>ſim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002135"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002136"> Experimentorum, quæ Primò loco ad duxiſti, rationem & <lb></lb>cauſam afferre omiſiſti, ſupple illam quæſo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002137"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002138"> Non omiſit, ſed eam ſuppoſuit, cùm facile ex dictis elici poſ<lb></lb>ſit, nam primo diſperguntur grana pulveris huc illuc; quia diverſa filami<lb></lb>na huc illuc erumpunt, & vbi reducuntur multa grana male implicata pro-<pb pagenum="181" xlink:href="025/01/185.jpg"></pb>prio pondere cadunt. </s> <s id="s.002139">Secundò fruſta chartæ à diverſis filaminibus appulſis, <lb></lb>neceſſariò agitantur, diſperguntùrque, & in multos gyros & ſpiras agun<lb></lb>tur, à diverſis ſcilicet filaminibus adducta; eunt autem filamina ſecundùm <lb></lb>lineam pororum. </s> <s id="s.002140">Tertiò, quod nonnunquam aſſurgant citra tactum, ideò fit, <lb></lb>quia in ea diſtantia, pauciora filamina eò appulſa non ſufficiunt, ad tantum <lb></lb>pondus attollendum. </s> <s id="s.002141">Quartò Corpus interceptum etiam tenuiſſimum fila<lb></lb>mina ſiſtit, ideò tractionem impedit. </s> <s id="s.002142">Vnum tamen fruſtum chartæ alteri <lb></lb>applicatum adhæret, propter filamina lateralia. </s> <s id="s.002143">Quintò. </s> <s id="s.002144">Tripudium illud <lb></lb>fruſtri chartæ adducti diverſis filaminibus, per diverſas lineas trahentibus, <lb></lb>tribuendum eſt: Vides, quàm facilè rationes deſideratæ deducantur; reli<lb></lb>quis experimentis ſubjectæ fuerunt. </s> <s id="s.002145">Vnum fortè deeſt, cur ſcilicet affrictus <lb></lb>in quibuſdam corporibus factus tractionem, vel omnino, vel ex majore <lb></lb>parte impediat; quod tamen dictu facile eſt; quia ſcilicet, quorumdam affri<lb></lb>ctu, nec excitatur calor, nec pori obſtructi abſterguntur; ſic ad terſionem <lb></lb>charta inepta eſt; tela aptior; pannus verò aptiſſimus, præſertim, ſi quid ca<lb></lb>loris excitandum eſt: omitto vortices illos adducti fumi; conſtat enim ex fi<lb></lb>laminibus, quæ cum aliis filaminibus agglomerantur; hic enim eſt diverſæ <lb></lb>tractionis effectus; ſed vnde eſt? </s> <s id="s.002146">mi Antime, cinericius ille color fumi ſucci<lb></lb>no advoluti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002147"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002148"> Puta fuliginem quaſi ſublimatam, vt ſic loquar, ſeu flo<lb></lb>rem quemdam fuliginis, aut fumi, in ſuperficie ſuccini concreſ<lb></lb>centem; corporum autem ſublimatorum & calcinatorum color, vt <lb></lb>plurimum ad album accedit, ſed de coloribus hîc diſputandi locus <lb></lb>non eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002149"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002150"> An fortè hic effectus in vacui metum referri po<lb></lb>teſt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002151"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002152"> Non deſunt profectò, qui præſatam tractionem in Vacui me<lb></lb>tum reducant, ſed meo judicio, perperam; quis enim amabò, & vnde <lb></lb>hic vacui metus? </s> <s id="s.002153">dato enim prædicto effluvio, minùs loci eſt, quàm opor<lb></lb>teat, non plus; prætereà cur aër potiùs non accurrit, vel adducitur ad fu<lb></lb>gam Vacui, quàm charta, vel alia corpora, quæ longè difficiliùs moven<lb></lb>tur quàm aër? </s> <s id="s.002154">denique eſto, vacui metu vnum corpus alteri adhæreat, ac <lb></lb>proinde hoc ſine illo moveri <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> poſſit, nullum <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan> à ſe ipſo ob vacui me<lb></lb>tum movetur, vt luculentis experimentis oſtendi à me poſſet, hinc <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan> illo<lb></lb>rum ſententiam rejicio, qui volunt effluvium illud in capillitium quoddam <lb></lb>concreſcere, cui feſtucæ, <expan abbr="aliaq;">aliaque</expan> corpuſcula facilè deinde adhæreant; quidam <lb></lb>recentior hanc ſententiam typis mandavit, ſed multis ante annis, ſcilicet <lb></lb>ann. </s> <s id="s.002155">1646, in Philoſophia per propoſitiones digeſta, hanc ipſam, quam vo<lb></lb>bis expoſui, jam edideram; vnde me ab illo non accepiſſe perſpicuum fit, <lb></lb>quanquam citra eruptionem illam, tenſionem & reductionem filaminum, <lb></lb>ſi vnum vel alterum experimentum demas nullum ex reliquis explicari <lb></lb>poteſt, adhibito etiam præſato capillitio, vt conſideranti patebit; quare vltra <lb></lb>refutare illam ſententiam operæ pretium non eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002156"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002157"> Scite averem, vtrùm ſupponas tua illa filamina rumpi præ <lb></lb>nimia tenſione & impetu. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="182" xlink:href="025/01/186.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002158"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002159"> Non negaverim, frangi aliqua; quod tamen non obſtat; cùm <lb></lb>alterum ſegmentum, cujus altera extremitas poro ſuccini adhæret, redu<lb></lb>catur poſt fractionem; opus tamen non eſt, vt rumpantur; cùm ad præfa<lb></lb>tos effectus explicandos ſatis ſit filamen, tenſum priùs, deinde cum im<lb></lb>petu ſuccinum versùs reduci, vt fieri videmus in chordis tenſis: habetis <lb></lb>igitur ſimplicem iuxta atque facilem modum à me aliàs excogitatum, <lb></lb>explicandæ virtutis electricæ; nec effluvium illud gratis, vt dicebas, à me <lb></lb>fingitur, quod ſcilicet tam multa & varia experimenta evincunt; quod<lb></lb>que (ita ſaltem mihi videtur) viſu & auditu percipi poteſt; dicerem etiam <lb></lb>tactu, niſi vobis riſum movere timerem; nam præter illam reſiſtentiam, <lb></lb>quam digitus ſentit, dum feſtucam affixam removere lentè conatur, ſi <lb></lb>poſt affrictum ſuccinum validum & probè lævigatum proximè admoveam <lb></lb>extremæ linguæ, vel oculis, vel parti cuipiam læſæ, quæ vel leviſſimum <lb></lb>tactum ferre nequeat, aliquem appulſum ſentire mihi videor; probate <lb></lb>ſulcis, ſed de his fortè prolixiùs, quam par eſſet; jam ad Mercurij elevatio<lb></lb>nem veniendum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002160"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002161"> Per vos mihi liceat vnum proferre; quod diu in mente volvo; <lb></lb>ſcilicet, aëra mihi videri æquè compreſſum in quolibet tractu, ſive ille <lb></lb>ſuperior, ſive inferior ſit: demus enim infimum preſſiorem eſſe, vtpote <lb></lb>cui totum pondus ſuperioris incumbat, quod ſupra innuiſſe viſus es, <lb></lb>Antime; igitur aër compreſſus intra vas, inde non erumpit, licèt vas ape<lb></lb>riatur: aut certè adversùs alium aëra erumpit, eique ſeſe admiſcet, & <lb></lb>preſſionem æquè dividit; dico igitur, infimum aëris tractum equidem ma<lb></lb>gis comprimi, majoris ponderis vi gravitantis ; ſed ita contraniti, vt tra<lb></lb>ctum ſuperiorem continuum comprimat; atque adeò communis & æqua<lb></lb>lis ſit vtriuſque compreſſio; nempe aër in aëre compreſſus ſeſe dilatat, do<lb></lb>nec æqualis vtrimque ſit compreſſio; & hoc, ni fallor, longè faciliùs ſol<lb></lb>vit argumentum illud ſupra adductum, petitumque ab intolerabili com<lb></lb>preſſione, quæ ex tanta ponderis, aëris ſcilicet, gravitantis vi ſequeretur; <lb></lb>itemque illud ex eo ductum, quod in vertice altiſſimi montis aqua per <lb></lb>canaliculum minùs altè aſſurgeret, itemque tempore fluxus; nam vt dicam <lb></lb>quod res eſt, illæ tuæ reſponſiones, licèt diſſimularim, mihi plenè non fe<lb></lb>cerunt ſatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002162"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002163"> Fateor tuam illam longè faciliorem eſſe, cui etiam vltro ſub<lb></lb>ſcribo: neque illud, quod aliqui afferunt, de lanæ cumulo cujus pars in<lb></lb>ferior compreſſior eſt, quidquam negotij faceſſit; nec enim lana propriè <lb></lb>loquendo comprimitur; ſed tantùm extruditur aër inter lanæ filamina <lb></lb>contentus; neque hæc vera eſt compreſſio, ea ſcilicet, ex qua tantam vim <lb></lb>motus ſequi videmus: ſed tandem ad Mercurij fiſtulam venio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002164">Pulcherrimum fortè ac celeberrimum experimentum eſt illorum <lb></lb>omnium, quæ hoc currente ſæculo, ſub mortalium venerunt adſpe<lb></lb>ctum: primus illius inventor fuit doctiſſimus Torricellus, vir certè, <lb></lb>quem inter principes hujus temporis Geometras iure annumero; qui <lb></lb>cùm à Galilæo aliquando audiiſſet, vel potiùs ab eo typis mandatum <lb></lb>legiſſet, aquam attolli non poſſe in Siphone, ſupra altitudinem 18.cubi-<pb pagenum="183" xlink:href="025/01/187.jpg"></pb>torum vel pedum circiter 32. vt vir erat Totricellus profundi ratiocinij, <lb></lb>illico prædixit, fore vt Mercurius attolli non poſſet ſupra altitudinem <lb></lb>pedum 2 3/4 vel 1/3 circiter; quod cùm in fiſtula vitrea probaſſet; provt præ<lb></lb>dixerat, ſucceſſit eventus; in hunc porrò modum probavit; Sit vas ABG, <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.187.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/187/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>in quo ſit Mercurius EBF, ſit fiſtula vitrea BCD probè clauſa in D, <lb></lb>apertain B, repleatur Mercurio, tum admoto preſſè digito in B, immerga<lb></lb>tur extremitas B intra Mercurium, ſtatutaque fiſtula in perpendiculari ſitu <lb></lb>ſubducatur digitus ex B, deſcendit Mercurius, nullo aëre ſubeunte, ita <lb></lb>tamen, vt ſegmentam extantis Mercurij CI; ſive longior ſit fiſtula, ſive <lb></lb>brevior, ſit ſemper pedum 2. 1/4 circiter, ſive tubus anguſtior ſit, ſive <lb></lb>laxior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002165"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002166"> Huius experimenti primum inventorem & auctorem P. </s> <s id="s.002167">Va<lb></lb>lerianum Magnum fuiſſe, accepi, immo hic, ni fallor, libellum de hoc ar<lb></lb>gumento in lucem edidit, in quo hoc idem atteſtatur, quantum ſcilicet <lb></lb>meminiſſe poſſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002168"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002169"> Nihil profectò magis à veritate alienum; Torricellus haud <lb></lb>dubiè, & citra omnem controverſiam, primus inventor fuit; immo alij <lb></lb>multi hoc idem argumentum ante Valerianum tractarunt; cujus ratio, & <lb></lb>cauſa phyſica vtinam æquè facilè & certo ſtatui à nobis poſſet, atque in<lb></lb>ventor; nempe res mihi difficillima eſſe videtur, ſtatuere, quid occupet ſe<lb></lb>gmentum illud fiſtulæ CD, quod vacuum eſſe videtur; & qua vi alterum <lb></lb>IC ſupra ſuperficiem EF, ſuſtineatur; in his duobus enucleandis, tua <lb></lb>deſudabit, opinor, induſtria, Antime; vtinam, de quo valde dubito, <lb></lb>fœliciter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002170"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002171"> Tentabo ſaltem, idque vnum operæ pretium erit, quod nec in <lb></lb>mea, nec in alia cujuſpiam hypotheſi, difficultatem, ſi quæ fortè inſit, diſ<lb></lb>ſimulaturus ſim. </s> <s id="s.002172">Ab illa autem initium duco, quæ & Torricelli & mul<lb></lb>torum hodie num eſt, in qua ſcilicet, præfatum experimentum in hunc <pb pagenum="184" xlink:href="025/01/188.jpg"></pb>modum explicatur: Cylindrus aëris gravitans ſuſtinet, inquiunt, Mer<lb></lb>curium IC, ejuſdem ſcilicet cum illo ponderis; eſtque perfectum inter <lb></lb>vtrumque æquilibrium; ſegmentum verò fiſtulæ CD omni corpore va<lb></lb>cuum remanet, hæc porrò hypotheſis ex duplici præſertim capite effi<lb></lb>caciter, vt aiunt ab aſſertore probatur. </s> <s id="s.002173">Primò, ex eo quod quæcumque tan<lb></lb>dem ſit fiſtulæ altitudo & latitudo, ſegmentum extans (ſic appello IC) <lb></lb>æqualis ſemper ſit altitudinis IC. 2. ſcilicet pedum, & 1/3 vel 1/4. Secundò, <lb></lb>ex eo quod aquæ ſegmentum extans 32. ſcilicet pedum circiter <expan abbr="ejuſdẽ">ejuſdem</expan> ſit <lb></lb>cum ſegmento Mercurij extante ponderis; eſt enim fere gravitas Mercurij <lb></lb>ad gravitatem aquæ vt 14. ad 1. vis ergo æqualis ſuſtinet ſegmentum ex<lb></lb>tans Mercurij 2. pedum 1/3, & ſegmentum extans aquæ 32. pedum; ſed illa <lb></lb>vis alia eſſe nequit à cylindro aëris gravitante. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002174"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002175"> Accedit non leve adminiculum, ex eo quod à vitis accura<lb></lb>tiſſimis probatum fuit, in vertice altiſſimum montium ſegmentum ex<lb></lb>tans Mercurij eſſe minus IC ; quia ſcilicet cylindrus aëris gravitantis ac <lb></lb>ſuſtinentis prædictum ſegmentum extans, brevior eſt; igitur minor illius <lb></lb>vis & niſus. </s> <s id="s.002176">Qaod autem ſegmentum CD omnino vacuum ſit, vel ex eo <lb></lb>conſtat, quod inclinata fiſtula in BK, aſſurgit Mercurius & totum ſe<lb></lb>gmentum CD occupat, non tamen videtur, quò abeat, aut ſe recipiat cor<lb></lb>pus illud, quod vacuitatem CD occupabat, ſi fortè aliquod eſſet; ex quo, <lb></lb>ni fallor; nova confirmatio prioris partis ducitur; cum illa vis, quæ ſuſti<lb></lb>net ſegmentum Mercurij IC in perpendiculo; ſufficiat ad ſuſtinendum <lb></lb>ſegmentum BK in plano inclinato, quod ex doctrina motuum facilè de<lb></lb>monſtrarem, ſi res ita poſtularet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002177"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002178"> Non deſunt etiam alia adminicula, de quibus infra; accedunt <lb></lb>tamen graviſſimæ difficultates; omitto leviores, ne in nugis vos deti<lb></lb>neam, & vt ab ea parte, quæ ad vacuum ſpectat, initium ducam, multa <lb></lb>reverà, opponuntur, quæ dubito, an ſolvi poſſint. </s> <s id="s.002179">Primò, Quiſquis adſtruit <lb></lb>huiuſmodi vacuum in ſegmento fiſtulæ CD, de omni corpore quamvis <lb></lb>alioquin tenuiſſimo, negat, quod ſpatium illud occupet; at ſi dixero, ibi <lb></lb>eſſe vel tenuem materiam Cartheſij, vel æthera, vel ſubtiliſſimum humo<lb></lb>rem dilatatum, non dico certò, ſed probabiliter tantùm, quo quæſo ar<lb></lb>gumento prædictum vacuum probare poterit? </s> <s id="s.002180">Secundò, Si vacuum eſt, <lb></lb>quomodo lumine perfunditur? </s> <s id="s.002181">Si enim lumen conſiſtit in effluvio quo<lb></lb>dam igneo; vel in motione cujuſdam materiæ ſubtiliſſimæ, vt docent De<lb></lb>mocritici; cum vacuitatem illam ſubeat, occupet, impleat, ibi certè va<lb></lb>cuum non eſt; aut certè lumen eſt meta qualitas per medium diffuſa, vt <lb></lb>docent ij, qui meliùs cenſent; atque ita cùm qualitas ſine ſubjecto eſſe <lb></lb>non poſſit, <expan abbr="eoqūe">eoque</expan> corporeo, ſegmentum CD vacuum non eſt. </s> <s id="s.002182">Tertiò, Si <lb></lb>vacuum eſſet, totus quantus aër & æther, qui terreſtri globo vicinior eſt, <lb></lb>in dictum ſegmentum gravitaret ad ſtatuen dum æquilibrium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002183"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002184"> Suſtine, quæſo; dici enim poteſt, æthera non eſſe gravem; <lb></lb>aut certè ſi gravis ſit; incredibilem eſſe proportionem gravitatis aëris ad <lb></lb>gravitatem ætheris, vtrum que deſtruit vim huius argumenti. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002185"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002186"> Immo ſunt, qui dicunt, atmoſphæram tantùm gravitare, <pb pagenum="185" xlink:href="025/01/189.jpg"></pb>hoc eſt aggregatum quoddam ex multiplici halitu, aqueo præſertim, vel <lb></lb>ex ratione texturæ ramorum & filaminum in communis ætheris, ſeu, vt vo<lb></lb>cant ſubtilis materiæ medio natantium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002187"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002188"> Fateor, multam vim halitus aëri admixtam eſſe; ſed aqueus <lb></lb>frigore conceſſit, terreſtris verò partim deſcendit, partim cum Atomis flui<lb></lb>tat in aëre, aëra autem voco illud, quod non eſt vapor; hic enim totus li<lb></lb>queſcit; vbi frigore denſatur ; nec filaminum agglomeratorum cumulus, ſed <lb></lb>illud medium, in quo dicta filamina, ſeu filaminum ramenta, vel exuviæ <lb></lb>fluitant & natant: fateor etiam, aëra multo humore foetum graviorem eſ<lb></lb>ſe, quod certè inficietur nemo: quòd autem craſſiores nubes altiùs non at<lb></lb>tollantur, non probat, ſuperfuſum aëra non gravitare, ſed tantùm minùs gra<lb></lb>vitate; quod fateor vltro; æther ille ab aëre fortè non diſtinguitur; aut ſi <lb></lb>diſtinguitur, incredibilis non eſt illius gravitatis proportio ad gravitatem <lb></lb>hujus; Vt vt ſit, juxta illa mea principia, quæ jam in ſuperioribus congreſ<lb></lb>ſibus præmiſi, hoc argumentum omnino inefficax non eſt; ſecernatur ta<lb></lb>men, vt vultis; ne cuiquam moveam litem; alia proſequor. </s> <s id="s.002189">Quartò, So<lb></lb>nus editur intra illud ſegmentum CD, appenditur enim filo tintinnabu<lb></lb>lum intra ampullam vitream, quæ ad extremitatem D facilè componitur; <lb></lb>nec eſt, quòd aliquis dicat, ſonum, ſeu tremulum motum traduci per filum <lb></lb>in fiſtulam; quia hoc falſum eſſe conſtat, ex luculento experimento; ſi enim <lb></lb>tintinnabulum appendas filo ad ferreum axem, obſtructis auribus; licèt den<lb></lb>tibus prædictum axem tangas, nullum ſonum percipies, quamvis tintinna<lb></lb>bulum re ipſa ſonet; igitur filum aptum medium non eſt, ad prædictum <lb></lb>motum traducendum: deinde ita diſponi poteſt tintinnabulum, inſerto fi<lb></lb>ſtulæ filo ferreo, ex quo pendeat, vt fiſtulam nullo modo tangat, nec me<lb></lb>diatè, nec immediatè, vt aliquando probavi; ſenſi tamen vt antè, ſonum; ſo<lb></lb>nus autem propagari non poteſt, niſi per medium. </s> <s id="s.002190">Quintò, Ignis intia <lb></lb>idem ſegmentum accenditur; hic porrò accendi non poteſt, niſi vel parti<lb></lb>culæ ignis eò penetrent, vt Democriti ci dicunt; vel calor, qui, vt Peripate<lb></lb>tici docent, qualitas eſt, eò vſque ad pabulum diffundatur, per medium ſci<lb></lb>licet; immò ignis accenditur tantùm per collectionem partium calidi, quæ <lb></lb>certè colligi non poſſunt, niſi humoris interceptæ partes extrahantur, vt <lb></lb>fit per reſolutionem; rareſcens enim humor avolat; vnde ignis ſeu calidi <lb></lb>particulas congregari, ſeu colligi, neceſſe eſt; nunquam autem partes hu<lb></lb>moris avolarent, ſi vacuum eſſet, vt pater. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002191"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002192"> Certis experimentis conſtat fumum in dicto ſegmento non <lb></lb>aſſurgere ſurſum, ſed deorſum cadere; flammam item ſtatim extingui; vn<lb></lb>de fortè vacuum eſſe, quiſpiam putaret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002193"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002194"> Scio de quibus experimentis ſermonem facias; libellum legi, <lb></lb>& mihi nobiliſſimi Autoris Roberti Boyle diligentia, nec non accurata <lb></lb>induſtria ſummopere placuit: Ille igitur ignem accendit in ſuo recipiente <lb></lb>vitreo (ſic enim vas illud vocat, ex quo anthliæ opera, maxima contenti <lb></lb>aëtis pars exugitur & educitur) nempe in eo, & ignem ex ſilice excuſſit, & <lb></lb>pulverem tormentarium accendit, non tamen opera lentis vſtoriæ, licèt hoc <lb></lb>aliis pro vobis ſucceſſerit; ille autem obſervat fumum intra recipiens ex <pb pagenum="186" xlink:href="025/01/190.jpg"></pb>accenſa in eo materia tantulùm aſſurgere, & mox deorſum ire, quod citra <lb></lb>vacuum facilè explicatur; nihil enim vetat aëre dilatato intra recipiens, <lb></lb>fumum graviorem eſſe; cùm etiam rarefacto gravior ſit; ſic vbi Sol æſtivus <lb></lb>de Meridie in os camini ſuis radiis paulò altiùs penetrat, vix fumus aſſur<lb></lb>git; quia tunc aër Meridiano æſtu rareſcit, & levior redditur, ac proinde <lb></lb>minimè deſcendere poteſt, vt ſurſum extrudat fumum; immò licèt intra <lb></lb>recipiens aër non dilatetur, fumus tamen poſt aliquod tempus in infe<lb></lb>riorem vaſis tractum deſcendit, vt idem Autor obſervat; quia remitten<lb></lb>te caloris vi denſatur, immò & ab aëre comprimitur, vnde gravior evadit; <lb></lb>deſcendat, igitur neceſſe eſt; nihil ergo ex prædicto fumi deſcenſu deducitur <lb></lb>per quod vacuum in dicto ſegmento CD adſtruatur. </s> <s id="s.002195">Porrò quòd ignis in <lb></lb>vacuo accendi non poſſit, patet; vtpote, qui tantummodò accenditur, ex <lb></lb>collectione partium ignis, vt dixi, quæ ex eo colliguntur, quod partes hu<lb></lb>moris interceptæ avolent, vel per excuſſionem, vt in affrictu ſilicis, vel per <lb></lb>ratetactionem, per quam ſcilicet redduntur leviores; ſed ſi nullum eſt <lb></lb>medium, avolare non poſſunt, quamvis alioquin leviſſimæ evadant, quia <lb></lb>ſcilicet rariſſimæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002196"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002197"> Sunt, qui dicunt, non totum quidem ſegmentum CD va<lb></lb>cuum remanere, ſed tantùm illius partem aliquam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002198"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002199"> Hoc ipſum inſinuare videtur ſupra laudatus Autor; ſed proſe<lb></lb>ctò, ſi quid video, hoc ſtare non poteſt; quia ſi aliqua pars dicti ſegmen<lb></lb>ti vacua ſit, quidquid ineſt ſubtilis materiæ innatare illi non poteſt; igitur <lb></lb>ſupremus ſegmenti tractus vacuus eſt; infimum verò ſubtilis illa materia, <lb></lb>vel aër dilatatus occupat; in ſupremo igitur tractu ſegmenti nullum obje<lb></lb>ctum videri, nullus ſonus auditi, nullus ignis accendi poſſet: nec eſt quod <lb></lb>dicant aliqui, diſtincta eſſe ad inſtar pororum vacuola; quia cùm ferè to<lb></lb>tus aër ex recipiente educatur, longè majora eſſent prædicta vacuola reli<lb></lb>quo ſpatio, ab aëre, vel ſubtili materia occupato; ac proinde lumen conti<lb></lb>nuum, vel objectum continuo lumine illuſtratum minimè videretur, ſed <lb></lb>diſtinctum majoribus maculis nigerrimo colore tinctis; nihil enim atrius <lb></lb>vacuo excogitari poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002200"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002201"> Sed quæſo te, ad alias rationes orationem converte; hæc <lb></lb>enim, meo ſaltem judicio, exhauſta eſt; quod tamen antequam facias, le<lb></lb>vem ſcrupulum mihi excutias, velim, circa ea quæ de ſono dixiſti; legi enim <lb></lb>in dicto Autore, immiſſo Horologio rotato in recipiens, ſtrepitum rotæ <lb></lb>denticulatæ auditum fuiſſe, antequam ex eo aër per anthliam educeretur; <lb></lb>quo tamen educto, vix, ac ne vix quidem ille ſtrepitus admotas pervenit ad <lb></lb>aures. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002202"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002203"> Subnectere debueras, quæ apud eundem Autorem legiſti, pul<lb></lb>ſatæ campanulæ ſonum in dictum recipiens immiſſæ, etiam educto aëre <lb></lb>auditum fuiſſe. </s> <s id="s.002204">Fateor quidem, minimum ſonum vix audiri; nec enim <lb></lb>dubium eſt, quin vt nimia compreſſio aëris, ita nimia tenſio propagationi <lb></lb>ſoni tantulum obſtet; quippe qui per motum particularem ejuſdem medij <lb></lb>propagetur, quas certè vt preſſum medium repellit, ita tenſum retinet, & <lb></lb>quaſi ad ſe adducit: ſed jam ad alias rationes venio. </s> <s id="s.002205">Sextò, Igitur ferro <pb pagenum="187" xlink:href="025/01/191.jpg"></pb>candente applicato ſegmento CD extrinſecùs, Mercurius deſcendit in<lb></lb>fra C, idem præſtat aër ambiens calidior; hic tamen ſenſim, illud verò <lb></lb>temporis ferè momento; idem dico de flamma, de lacca caloris vi molli<lb></lb>ta; rareſcit igitur illa materia ſegmento CD contenta; nec enim calor <lb></lb>in vacuum agit; premitque ſuperficiem Mercurij C, illamque deprimit, <lb></lb>vt ſeſe dilatet, quod certè cuilibet corpori rarefacto competit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002206"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002207"> Diceret fortè aliquis, vitrum ipſum calore tantulum dilatari, <lb></lb>non verò materiam ſegmento CD contentam, cùm nulla inſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002208"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002209"> Hoc jam mihi venerat in mentem, ſed, vt tute ſcis, vana eſt ra<lb></lb>tionis vmbra, ſeu larva, & mera hallucinatio; quia ſive fiſtula ID ſit laxior, <lb></lb>ſive anguſtior, eadem ſemper eſt extantis Mercurij altitudo IC. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002210"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002211"> An fortè dici poſſet, calorem derivari ex vitro in Mercu<lb></lb>rium? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002212"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002213"> Hoc reverà dici non poteſt: nam eſto id fiat, ac proinde tan<lb></lb>tulum incaleſcat & rareſcat Mercurius; inde ſequitur altiùs aſſurgere; <lb></lb>quia paulò levior eſt: deinde ſi ſegmento CI, in quo extans Mercurius <lb></lb>continetur, ferrum candens admoveatur, non ſubfidit ſuperficies Mercurij <lb></lb>C; ſed aliquot bullæ ex Mercurio ſurſum evolant ſiſtunt que in ſuperficie <lb></lb>C, idque ſenſim, de quibus infra. </s> <s id="s.002214">Manet igitur illa ſexta ratio, adverſus <lb></lb>vacuum. </s> <s id="s.002215">Septimò, Si intra CD ſit acus pendula magnetica, & magnes ex<lb></lb>trinſecus admoveatur, illam movet adducitque ad ſe, vel à ſe repellit; igi<lb></lb>tur aut virtus magnetica eſt pura qualitas diffuſa, atque adeò per medium, <lb></lb>ac proinde medium illud ſupponitur in ſegmento DC; igitur non eſt va<lb></lb>cuum; aut prædicta virtus in corpuſculorum effluvio poſita eſt; ac proinde <lb></lb>hæc per poros vitri ſubeunt; igitur alia pariter æquè tenuis materia per <lb></lb>eoſdem poros ſubire poterit; non eſt igitur ſegmentum DC vacuum. </s> <s id="s.002216">Octa<lb></lb>vò, Totum vas ABG, cum fiſtula ID, in hoc eodem ſitu, & ſegmento <lb></lb>Mercurij extantis IC, immiſſum eſt à laudato ſupra Autore in dictum re<lb></lb>cipiens, eductoque aëre deſcendit Mercurius verſus I; ſubſiſtit tamen ſu<lb></lb>pra I, licèt aër per multum temporis, Anthliæ opera, educeretur; ſi autem <lb></lb>CD eſſet vacuum & potiori iure ipſum recipiens, nulla eſſet ratio, propter <lb></lb>quam ſupra I extaret intra fiſtulam Mercurius; quod enim prædictus Au<lb></lb>tor dicit, aëra compreſſum adhuc manere intra recipiens, ac proinde, ſu<lb></lb>perficiem Mercurij EF ab eo tantulum premi, atque adeò Mercurium in <lb></lb>fiſtula ſupra I attolli; hoc, inquam nemo ſibi perſuadeat, cùm prædictus <lb></lb>aër poſt Anthliam tamdiu exercitam valde dilatatus reſter, vt multis expe<lb></lb>rimentis probate poſſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002217"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002218"> Cur igitur educto ex recipiente aëre Mercurius in fiſtula <lb></lb>deſcendit, nunquam tamen vſque ad I? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002219"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002220"> Aliam rationem, eamque germanam, ni fallor, affero; nempe <lb></lb>ſegmentum CD aliqua materia valde tenſa occupat, quæ cum pro rata re<lb></lb>ſiſtat cum aëre intra recipiens contento, & cum Mercurius, ſemoto agen<lb></lb>te extrinſeco, in eadem altitudine EIF eſſe debeat, poſito quod materia <lb></lb>illa intra fiſtulam tenſa reſiſtat, & ſuperficiem Mercurij retineat, aër verò <lb></lb>intra recipiens tënſus ſuperficiem EF ad ſe adducat, corpus enim tenſum <pb pagenum="188" xlink:href="025/01/192.jpg"></pb>alia corpora trahit ad ſe, prævalet quidem aër, propter Anthliæ vim, ac <lb></lb>proinde Mercurium intra fiſtulam contentum deprimit, non tamen omni<lb></lb>no; quia materia ſubtilis intra fiſtulam tenſa pro rata reſiſtit; igitur ſuper<lb></lb>ficies Mercurij ſupra I, ſemper extat; præſertim cùm materia illa tenſa in<lb></lb>tra LD magis reſiſtat, quàm intra CD dilatata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002221"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002222"> Quid ſi extra recipiens extet extremitas D, ita tamen vt ad es <lb></lb>recipientis probè agglutinata ſit, & educto maxima vi aëre ex recipiente <lb></lb>perforetur fiſtula in D. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002223"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002224"> Non probavit Autor, probarunt tamen alij, deſcendit que Mer<lb></lb>curius in B. </s> <s id="s.002225">Subiitque aër tum proprio pondere, tum etiam adductus ab aë<lb></lb>re tenſo intra recipiens; hic enim adducit ſuperficiem Mercurij EF, eam<lb></lb>que attollit; hæc autem ſecum trahit, educit que Mercurium ex fiſtula, <lb></lb>quem ſequitur aër, qui deinde à Mercurio ſurſum in recipiens extruditur; <lb></lb>cuncta hæc ex noſtris principiis facilè explicantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002226"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002227"> Nonnulli capere nequeunt, ſeu nolunt, vim illam tractivam, <lb></lb>qua ſcilicet fit, vt corpus ten ſum, dum ſeſe reducit, corpus contiguum tra<lb></lb>hat; quo enim vinculo, quo fune illud trahit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002228"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc diſcuſſio hujus loci non eſt, vnum tamen breviter dice; ſci<lb></lb>licet æquè facilè concipi vnum corpus tenſum, ſeu dilatarum ſeſe intror<lb></lb>sum reducere, atque concipitur, corpus compreſſum ſeſe extrorſum exten<lb></lb>dere; item corpus tenſum, dum ſeſe reducit, aliud corpus, cui contiguum <lb></lb>eſt, ſe cum adducere, & corpus compreſſum, aliud corpus à ſe amovere; nec <lb></lb>alio fune opus eſt ad hunc finem; cùm enim juxta Naturæ inſtitutum om<lb></lb>nia corpora ſint partes vniverſi, & partes, quæ totum aliquod componunt, <lb></lb>conjunctæ eſſe debeant, alio quin patres non eſſent, ſi ſeorſim eſſe poſſent; <lb></lb>ideo vnum corpus adhæret alteri, quando ſcilicet hoc moveri nequit, niſi <lb></lb>vel aliud adducatur, vel talis ſeparatio fiat, vt vacuum intercedat; nempe <lb></lb>ſupponamus corpus dilatarum ſeſe in priſtinum ſtatum reducere, ac ſeſe <lb></lb>contrahere, etiam ſi corpora contigua ſimul non adducantur, vnde qua que <lb></lb>vacuum erit; ac proinde corpus illud ſeorſim ab omnibus aliis ſejunctum; <lb></lb>igitur non eſſet amplius vniverſi pars. </s> <s id="s.002229">Itaque cum tale ſit Naturæ inſtitu<lb></lb>tum, vt omnia corpora ſint partes vniverſi, ſeorſim eſſe non poſſunt; ſem<lb></lb>per igitur vnum aliis adhæret ; & ne ſeorſim fiat, perinde ſe habent omnis, <lb></lb>atque ſi vnita effent; hinc vacui fuga; hinc Naturæ vinculum & funis. </s> <s id="s.002230">Vt <lb></lb>vt ſit (de his enim alibi diſputavimus) quando corpus tenſum ſeſe reſti<lb></lb>tuit, ſeu contrahit, cùm perinde ſe habeat, atque ſi alteri contiguo conjun<lb></lb>ctum eſſet in ordine ad hunc finem Naturæ inſtituto definitum, vt ſcilicet <lb></lb>omnia corpora ſint parces vniverſi, qui revera finis poſtulat, vt vacuum ar<lb></lb>ceatur, quid mirum, ſi ſecum illud adducat, vnde fateor vltro, multum cor<lb></lb>pus moveri metu vacui; vnum tamen alteri adhærere, non quidem imme<lb></lb>diatè, ad vitandum vacuum, ſed ad ſervandum inde omnem prædictum Natu<lb></lb>ræ finem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002231"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002232"> Non deerunt inter Democriticos, qui fines illos & Naturæ <lb></lb>inſtituta rideant, vt à rebus phyſicis planè aliena. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002233"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002234"> Sat ſcio: eò tamen illos, quamvis invitos, venire neceſſe eſt: <pb pagenum="189" xlink:href="025/01/193.jpg"></pb>volunt enim, compreſſionem aëris explicandam eſſe per ſpiras, vel arcus <lb></lb>tenſos, aut certè per motum longiorum Atomorum, qui majus ſpatium <lb></lb>poſtulet; ſed ex iis quæro, cur ſpira illa tenſa ſit, vel compreſſa; & cur in <lb></lb>eo ſitu, in quam redacta eſt, non permaneat; ac demum, vnde vim illam <lb></lb>habeat, qua ſe reducit, ſeu reducere nititur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002235"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002236"> Reſpondebunt illico, rationem ab ipſa ſpiræ, vel aëris figu<lb></lb>ra petendam eſſe, vt videre eſt in artefactis, quorum analogia ſatis <lb></lb>favet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002237"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002238"> Sed inſto, & quæro, vnde habeant prædictæ <expan abbr="aẽris">aeris</expan> particulæ, <lb></lb>vt ſpiræ ſint, vel arcus, vt hanc potiùs, quàm aliam figurám poſtulent, ac <lb></lb>proinde amiſſa illa ac mutata, tantum niſum exerant, vt ſeſe in eam reſti<lb></lb>tuant; prætereà vnde tanta vis motrix, tum in ſpiris, vel arcubus aëris, tum <lb></lb>etiam ſecundùm aliam hypotheſim, in oblongis illis particulis? </s> <s id="s.002239">ad quid <lb></lb>enim motus ille circularis? </s> <s id="s.002240">quid quæſo hic ad illam particulam facit, aut <lb></lb>confert? </s> <s id="s.002241">Pro his aliiſque ſimilibus, ad primum naturæ inſtitutum omnino <lb></lb>confugient; cur ergo idem mihi non liceat? </s> <s id="s.002242">Quod verò ſpectat ad analo<lb></lb>giam artefactorum, non habet locum in hac controverſia; alioquin peti<lb></lb>tur, vt aiunt, principium: quæro enim, cur arcus tenſus, vel ſpira tenſa tan<lb></lb>ta vi redeat, ac ſeſe reſtituat; & dico rationem inde petendam eſſe, quod <lb></lb>ſcilicet pori ita ſint diſpoſiti, vt ex Lunatione arcus v.g. multa compreſſio <lb></lb>contentæ in iis materiæ conſequatur; dicis autem illam materiam ideò <lb></lb>comprimi, ſeu tendi quia ex minimis ſpiris, vel arcubus conſtat; idem igi<lb></lb>tur probas per idem. </s> <s id="s.002243">Itaque, quidquid eſt, quidquid agit, ſeu movetur, <lb></lb>propter illum finem eſt, ad quem à Natura deſtinatur, movetur que, vt il<lb></lb>lud obtineat; video lapidem, & alia corpora tam recta linea, ſublato im<lb></lb>pedimento ad idem centrum tendere, vt nunquam ab illa diſcedant: quam<lb></lb>obrem verò? </s> <s id="s.002244">quia ſcilicet finis lapidis aliorumque corporum gravium eſt <lb></lb>globum totalem conſtituere, ſeu componere ſimul cum aliis; vt ergo fi<lb></lb>nem illum vel obtineant, vel obtentum indemnem ſervent, illa vi pollent, <lb></lb>qua deorſum ferantur, aut ſaltem connitantur; finem autem retum ex ipſo <lb></lb>vſu, vſum ſenſu ipſo percipimus; ex his vides, non eſſe fortè, cur hæc <lb></lb>Democritus rideat; ſed hæc obiter, quæ hujus inſtituti non ſunt, nec hujus <lb></lb>loci. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002245"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc tamen vel obiter indicaſſe profectò non oberit; ſed <lb></lb>quæſo te, ad alias rationes orationem ac ſermonem reevoca. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002246"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002247"> Nonò, ſi veſicam cyprinam, vel alterius generis, aperto fora<lb></lb>mine priùs exhauſtam aëre, eoque expreſſo, arcto ligamine ad foramen ſtri<lb></lb>ctam, appenſamque circa extremitatem interioris fiſtulæ D, tum infuſo <lb></lb>Mercurio, admotoque, ac deinde ſubducto, vt ante, digito, vbi deſcendit <lb></lb>Mercurius in CI, præfata veſica ita intumeſcit, vt vix immiſſo anhelitu, <lb></lb>adeò tensè intumeſcene videatur: hoc experimentum certum eſt, illudque <lb></lb>multi probarunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002248"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002249"> Iam aliquid de illo in audieram; ſed quid inde contra va<lb></lb>enum? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002250"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002251"> Quid inde, inquis; miror à te non videri; ſi enim ſpatium CD <pb pagenum="190" xlink:href="025/01/194.jpg"></pb>vacuum eſt; vnde quæſo hic effectus? </s> <s id="s.002252">quæ cauſa hanc veſicam ita diſten<lb></lb>dit? </s> <s id="s.002253">non intrinſeca, cùm tota aëre evacuata fuerit; extrinſeca nulla eſt, ſi <lb></lb>ſpatium CD vacuum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002254"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002255"> Quid ad hæc ille recentior, quem jam ſupra laudaſti? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002256"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002257"> Idem prorſus, quod nonnulli Pariſienſes cum Pecquero; ſcili<lb></lb>cet partes aëris inter rugas ſeu plicas veſicæ remanere, quæ cùm liberio<lb></lb>res ſint, à prima compreſſione in priſtinam extenſionem ſeu dimentionem <lb></lb>reſtituunt ſeſe; quod certè priùs non faciebant, nimirum ab extrinſeco aëre <lb></lb>æquè compreſſo impeditæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002258"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ſanè ratio ſubtilis mihi videtur; ſed vt ex tuo nutu <lb></lb>conjicio, non multùm tibi arridet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002259"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002260"> Genium meum noſti; diſſimulare non poſſum, id quod ſentio; <lb></lb>& quando quidem liberè in hoc congreſſu, quod intus ſentimus, exponi<lb></lb>mus, fateor, rationem illam mihi non probari. </s> <s id="s.002261">Primò, enim quis ſibi per<lb></lb>ſuadeat, ambientem nos aëra adeò compreſſum eſſe, vt ad mille ſimam ſuæ <lb></lb>extenſionis partem redactus ſit? </s> <s id="s.002262">nempe paucæ illæ rugæ interioris veſicæ <lb></lb>poſt accuratam expreſſionem, vix milleſimam partem ſpatij occupant, il<lb></lb>lius, quod tenſa & tumida veſica continet; tanta vis aëris preſſi noſtris cor<lb></lb>poribus valdè noceret, & vix liceret ducere anhelitum. </s> <s id="s.002263">Secundò, Si tan<lb></lb>tulum inclinetur fiſtula BD, aſſurgit Mercurius ſupra C, ſenſimque veſica <lb></lb>detumeſcit; antequam aſſurgens Mercurius eam attingat; quid ergo de<lb></lb>nuo aëra in ea contentum comprimit? </s> <s id="s.002264">Tertiò, Si aqua ſpatium CD oc<lb></lb>cupet, provt facilè poſt aſcenſum Mercurij illud occupare poteſt, de quo <lb></lb>infra, veſica detumeſcit; ſed vnde hoc? </s> <s id="s.002265">aquam enim compreſſam non eſ<lb></lb>ſe apud omnes conſtat; ab illa igitur aër veſica incluſus non comprimi<lb></lb>tur; dicet haud dubiè laudatus Autor aëra intra plicas exteriores veſicæ <lb></lb>priùs contentum, vbi Mercurius deſcendit in CI, ſeſe in priſtinam exten<lb></lb>ſionem reſtituere, comprimi verò denuò ab aſſurgente Mercurio, vel ab <lb></lb>aqua inducta; igitur ſegmentum CD non eſt vacuum, quod hîc dumtaxat <lb></lb>probare intendo; deinde, quis credat prædictum aëra eſſe in ſpatio centies <lb></lb>millecuplo illius, quod ante obtinebat intra inſenſibiles plicas? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002266"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002267"> Fieri non poteſt, quin præfatus Autor de veſicis recipiente <lb></lb>incluſis aliqua habeat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002268"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002269"> Habet haud dubiè; incluſa, inquit, intra recipiens veſica, edu<lb></lb>ctoque deinde aëre, veſica priùs ligata intumeſcit; cujus tumoris cau<lb></lb>ſam vult eſſe reſiduum aëris intra veſicam contenti, qui cùm liberè dila<lb></lb>tari poſſit, educto ſcilicet externo aëre contranitente, maximè dilatatur ac <lb></lb>ſeſe explicat; hinc, vt vides, præviam dicti aëris compreſſionem accer<lb></lb>ſit; eam ſcilicet, ac tantam, quæ omnem fidem ſuperet; ego certè di<lb></lb>cere malim, illud tantulum aëris intra veſicæ rugas relicti, ab extrinſeco <lb></lb>ambiente, Anthliæ vi educto dilatari, vnde ſi veſica perforata ſit, vel minùs <lb></lb>arctè ligata; cùm aër internus externo contiguus ſit, citra tumorem veſicæ <lb></lb>adducitur, nec non tenditur; hinc ſi aër in recipiens inverſo Epiſtomij <lb></lb>verticillo immittatur, cùm ceſſet dilatatio, veſica detumeſcit; aliud ad<lb></lb>dit, ſcilicet veſicam ita extenſam & compreſſam, vt nulla plica inter-<pb pagenum="191" xlink:href="025/01/195.jpg"></pb>na reſtet; ac proinde nullus aër, quamvis deinde circa collum conſtricta <lb></lb>ſit, educto licet aëre ex recipiente, non tamen propterea tumeſcere, quia <lb></lb>ſcilicet deeſt materia intus dilatanda, in quo nulla eſt difficultas, nulla ſal<lb></lb>tem mihi eſſe videtur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002270"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002271"> Quid ſi mediocris ſaltem aëris quantitas intra veſicam ob<lb></lb>ſtricto valide collo, relinquatur, vt facilè fieri poteſt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002272"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002273"> Hoc ſanè præfatus Autor minimè omiſit, ſed inde validum <lb></lb>pro ſua hypotheſi confirmanda, duxit argumentum; nempe; poſt exhau<lb></lb>ſtum ex recipiente aëra, veſica diſcinditur, vnde ſtatim concludit, majo<lb></lb>ris quantitatis aëtis interni, ſubducto externo contranitente, majorem ac <lb></lb>liberum niſum exeri; vnde non mirum, ſi veſica rumpatur; vt etiam ma<lb></lb>gno cum fragore diſrumpitur, ſi jam inflata arctè ſtricto collo, luculento <lb></lb>igni proximè admoveatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002274"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002275"> Hoc experimentum rem ipſam conficere videtur; atque ita <lb></lb>ex eo præfati Autoris ſententia omnino demonſtrari. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002276"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002277"> Expecta quæſo, Auguſtine, ſtrenui pugilis non eſt, tam <lb></lb>citò deditionem facere; immò ſi rem attentè perpendas, noſtræ hypo<lb></lb>theſi æquè favet; nempe major aëris quantitas magis dilatari poteſt, quàm <lb></lb>minor, vt patet; quid mirum ergo, ſi cum externa vi, aër intra veſicam <lb></lb>contentus in majus ſpatium explicari queat, debiliora veſicæ latera, quæ <lb></lb>tantam dilatationem non ferunt, cedere cogantur; in parte ſcilicet debi<lb></lb>liore? </s> <s id="s.002278">illa autem analogia veſicæ igni admotæ ad rem noſtram facit; nam <lb></lb>vt aër incluſus præ calore plus æquo rareſcens, veſicam diſrumpit; ita & <lb></lb>aër plus æquo externa vi acris adducti dilatatus eundem effectum præ<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002279"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002280"> Iam mihi res clariſſima videtur; in ferenda ſententia nimis <lb></lb>præceps fui; ſuſtinendum fuerat, vt rectè monuiſti; ſed jam ad alias ratio<lb></lb>nes progredi poteris, cum hæc difficultas exhauſta ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002281"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002282"> Decimò, Si poſtquam deſcendit Mercurius in fiſtula extante <lb></lb>ſegmento BC, digitum ori B preſsè admoveas, ne quid aëris ſubeat, & <lb></lb>fiſtulam invertas, ſenties digiti pulpam fortiter attrahi atque intumeſcere, <lb></lb>codem prorſus modo, quo intumeſcit caro, admota cucurbitula; immò <lb></lb>cum aliqua difficultate avellitur: deinde digitus, perinde atque ſi cucurbi<lb></lb>tula avelleretur; ſi autem ante quam digitus admoveatur, punctim acu, vel <lb></lb>cultello pulpa illa configatur, vbi deinde admovetur ori B, & invertitur fi<lb></lb>ſtula, copioſus ſanguis exugitur, eodem prorſus modo, quo fieri ſolet in <lb></lb>cucurbitulis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002283"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002284"> Sed quid inde contra vacuum? </s> <s id="s.002285">nec enim video quò ſpe<lb></lb>ctes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002286"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002287"> Iamjam videbis; ſi enim vacuum eſſet in ſegmento CD, vel <lb></lb>inverſa fiſtula in ſegmento CD, quid quæſo digiti pulpam in tumorem at<lb></lb>tolleret? </s> <s id="s.002288">quid ſanguinem exugeret? </s> <s id="s.002289">aëris externi pondus, inquies; ſed <lb></lb>nullum prorſus pondus ſentitur, nulla preſſio in externa digiti parte; im<lb></lb>mò aër ſubire nequit, vt pater; deinde cùm Mercurius in deſcenſu, pro<lb></lb>pter motum acceleratum primùm deſcendat infra C, licèt deinde poſt va-<pb pagenum="192" xlink:href="025/01/196.jpg"></pb>rias vibrationes ſurſum atque deorſum, ſiſtat in C, ſi dum notabili ſe<lb></lb>gmento eſt, infra C, admoveatur digitus in B, ac deinde fiſtula invertatur, <lb></lb>longè majore vi & pulpa digiti in tumorem attollitur, & ſanguis exugi<lb></lb>tur; idem tamen aëris pondus gravitat: vnde igitur diverſus effectus? <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002290">certè à materia tenſiore in ſegmento CD contenta; ſi enim tenſior eſt, <lb></lb>majore vi trahit; & digiti pulpam ad ſe adducit; ſic arcus tenſior ſagittam <lb></lb>longiùs ejiculatur: & verò amoto illo vacuo, & in ejus locum materia <lb></lb>illa tenſa ſubſtituta, cuncta hæc facilè explicantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002291"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002292"> Sic etiam facilè explicarem aliud experimentum prædicti <lb></lb>Autoris, qui exhauſto aëre ex recipiente, dicit, operculum illius alioquin <lb></lb>leviſſimum, graviſſimum ſentiri, propter pondus aëris externi ſuperimpo<lb></lb>ſitum; hic tamen effectus aëri externo tribui non debet ſed aëri interno <lb></lb>valde tenſo ac dilatato, nempe cùm operculum illud attolli non poſſit, niſi <lb></lb>aër internus vltra dilatetur, huic majori tenſioni valde reſiſtit; co<lb></lb>gita quæſo arcum tenſum, qui non niſi longè majore vi vltra tendi <lb></lb>poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002293"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002294"> Diceret haud dubiè ſupra laudatus Autor, intra pulpam <lb></lb>digiti multas eſſe partes, quæ ſemota preſſione ambientis erumperent, <lb></lb>& liberiorem ſortitæ motum, maximam inducerent mutationem; at <lb></lb>profectò nihil tale ſenſi; ſed tumorem dumtaxat illum; nec pulſus ratio <lb></lb>mutatur; vno verbo nihil accidit, quod exuctioni validæ tribui non poſ<lb></lb>ſit: equidem ſi digitus arctè funiculo ſtringatur, ſupra illam extremita<lb></lb>tem, quæ ori B, affigitur, propter majorem ſanguinis vim in eo tractu <lb></lb>retenti, impeditur enim circulatio, major etiam ſanguinis copia exugi<lb></lb>tur: ſi quis autem totam manum in ſegmentum CD immitteret, ita vt <lb></lb>tamen nullus aër ſubire poſſet, ſimilem quidem, majorem tamen dictæ <lb></lb>exuctionis effectum ſentiret, non ſine aliquo periculo manus intumeſ<lb></lb>centis, vt alicui accidiſſe intelligo: Alligavi deinde extremo digito ve<lb></lb>ficam cyprinam, quæ ſtatim inverſa fiſtula intumuit; item medullam <lb></lb>ſambuci, & fruſtulum ſpongiæ, ſed in his nulla mutatio contigit, <lb></lb>aperti enim ſunt laxiores pori, per quos aër educitur & dilatatur; <lb></lb>ex præmiſſis igitur certum reſtat, ſegmentum CD vacuum non re<lb></lb>ſtare; quo verò corpore plenum ſit, paulò poſt dicam. </s> <s id="s.002295">Ad aliam <lb></lb>partem tranſeo, in qua dicebatur ſegmentum Mercurij IC, ſuſtinerià <lb></lb>Cylindro aëris ejuſdem baſis, ita vt perfectum ſit vtrimque æquibrium; <lb></lb>contra hanc ſententiam nonnulla militant, quæ ſincerè vobis exponam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002296">Primò, Si appendatur fiſtula BD, poſtquam ſubducto digito, deſcendit <lb></lb>Mercurius in IC, ſtatera fideli adhibita, & ſignetur ponderis ratio, ac dein<lb></lb>de citra Mercurij deſcenſum, eadem fiſtula cum æquali quantitate Mercu<lb></lb>rij appendatur, eadem ratio ponderis invenietur, paulò major ; æqualem <lb></lb>quantitatem Mercurij intelligo ſegmento IC ; & dico paulò majorem ; <lb></lb>nempe immerſum ſegmentum fiſtulæ IB ad primum pondus nihil confert; <lb></lb>immò potiùs aliquid detrahit; quia Mercurio levius eſt; ſed mihi ſufficit, <lb></lb>modo vtrinque proximè æqualis ſit ratio ponderum, qualis reverà eſt, vt <lb></lb>ſæpè probavi: Ex hoc autem experimento ſic mihi rectè ratiocinari videor; <pb pagenum="193" xlink:href="025/01/197.jpg"></pb>Si mercurius IC ſuſtinetur à cylindro exterioris aëris, igitur cum illo perfe<lb></lb>ctum ęquilibria ſunt, igitur <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> alio æquali pondere ad libram appenſo aliud <lb></lb><expan abbr="æquilibriũ">æquilibrium</expan> facere non poteſt; Supponamus enim <expan abbr="Mercuriũ">Mercurium</expan> IC, eſſe trium li<lb></lb>brarum, æquilibrium facit cum cylindro aëris etiam trium <expan abbr="librarũ">librarum</expan>; ſi autem <lb></lb>aliud pondus <expan abbr="triũ">trium</expan> librarum in altera lance appendatur, cum hoc Mercurius <lb></lb>æquilibrium facere nequit, alioquin ſex libris Mercurius Æquiponderaret <lb></lb>quod legibus Staticæ repugnat. </s> <s id="s.002297">Et verò Mercurius CI ab aëris cylindro <expan abbr="ſu-ſtẽtatus">ſu<lb></lb>ſtentatus</expan> perinde ſe habet, atque ſi eſſet cylindrus vel embolus, qui nullo ne<lb></lb>gotio educi & immitti poſſet per <expan abbr="fiſtulã">fiſtulam</expan>; ſed prædictus cylindrus digito v.g. <lb></lb>ſuſtentatus fiſtulæ pondus non augeret; & hæc eſt ſecunda ratio; aperto <lb></lb>enim foramine in D, inductoque embolo in cavitatem BC, ſi eum digito <lb></lb>tantulum attollis, clauſo foramine in D, & fiſtula appendatur, <lb></lb>præfatus cylindrus nullum pondus addit fiſtulæ; igitur, nec Mer<lb></lb>curius CI, à cylindro aëris ſuſtentatus; cùm vtrimque par ſit <lb></lb>ratio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002298"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002299"> Diceret fortaſsè aliquis, Mercurium contentum Segmento IC <lb></lb>gravitate in latera fiſtulæ; ſi enim fiſtula perforetur in L v.g. per foramen <lb></lb>Mercurius effluit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002300"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002301"> Scio, ita aliquos reſpondere; ſed hæc reſponſio, meo ſaltem <lb></lb>judicio, nodum non ſolvit; quando enim latera vaſis ita non adhærent <lb></lb>contento, quin ea liberè, ſine illo moveri poſſint, de primi ſcilicet, at<lb></lb>que attolli, in ea certè corpus contentum non gravitat; quia non ob<lb></lb>ſtant, quo minùs illud deorſum eat; hoc autem luculento experimento de<lb></lb>monſtro. </s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.197.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/197/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002302">Sit Vas BAC oblongum, clauſum in C, apertum <lb></lb>in AB, plenum aqua, illudque ex ligno leviſſimo, & <lb></lb>valde craſſum; immergatur in aquam, donec ſit in <lb></lb>æquilibrio, immerſo ſegmento DC, extante verò <lb></lb>Segmento DA, aqua contenta ſegmento DA, extans <lb></lb>ſupra ſuperficiem aquæ GDF, eodem modo gravitat <lb></lb>in latera vaſis CADB, quo Mercurius in latera præ<lb></lb>dictæ fiſtulæ; ſi tamen appendatur vas CA, in hoc <lb></lb>ſitu nullum pondus habet, quia ſcilicet ab aqua ſuſti<lb></lb>netur; nihilo tamen minus, ſi perforetur latus DB, <lb></lb>per foramen effluet aqua, ſicuti Mercurius per fora<lb></lb>men apertum in fiſtula effluit. </s> <s id="s.002303">Sed alio experimento lu<lb></lb>culentiore rem hanc explico: Sit vas HB continens Mercurium FB ſic tu<lb></lb>bus ligneus oblongus, ex materia leviſſima, MC, vtrimque pervius, ſi <lb></lb>imponatur altera eius extremitas C Mercurio, tantulum ſegmentum im<lb></lb>mergetur; infundatur mox aqua in prædictum tubum, per os ſuperius M, <lb></lb>donec proximè ad C Mercurij tubo contenti ſuperficies deprimatur, aqua <lb></lb>verò tubo infuſa aſſurgat in K ; denique appendatur tubus CM, nullam <lb></lb>profecto ponderis vim exerit, quia ſcilicet ſuſtinetur à Mercurio; immo <lb></lb>ſi deprimatur infra C, ſurſum extruditur à Mercurio, æquali, vel potiùs <lb></lb>eodem aquæ ſegmento ſemper extante; & ſi tantulum attollatur ſupra C, <pb pagenum="194" xlink:href="025/01/198.jpg"></pb><figure id="id.025.01.198.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/198/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>extantis aquæ ſuperficies manebit in K ; atque ita ſi <lb></lb>poſt prædictam <expan abbr="elevationẽ">elevationem</expan> tubi MC hic appendatur, <lb></lb>ex eret quidem <expan abbr="aliquã">aliquam</expan> vim ponderis; ſed minimam, in <lb></lb>qua aqua extans nullam partem habet, ſed tantùm <lb></lb>tubus ligneus, qui minore ſegmento, quam par eſſet, <lb></lb>ad æquilibrium immerſus eſt: licèt, facto in tubo <lb></lb>MC foramine inter KN, aqua tubo contenta per il<lb></lb>lud effluat? </s> <s id="s.002304">ſi autem aquam infundas in vacuitatem <lb></lb>interceptam HCI attolletur, aſſurgétque Mercurius <lb></lb>per tubum CM, nulla tamen tubo fit ponderis ac<lb></lb>ceſſio. </s> <s id="s.002305">Ex quibus, ni fallor, evidenter concluditur, <lb></lb>corpus ab alio ſuſtentatum, novam vim ponde<lb></lb>ris non exerere, quando appenditur; ac proin<lb></lb>de ſi appenſum totam vim ponderis exerit, ab <lb></lb>alio corpore non ſuſtentari, igitur ſegmen<lb></lb>tum extantis Mercurij ab exterioris aëris cylindro non <lb></lb>ſuſtinetur, quia ſcilicet appenſum totam vim ponde<lb></lb>ris exerit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002306"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002307"> Sunt, qui dicant, ſi rectè memini, ab aëris cylindro, qui <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.198.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/198/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>baſi D incumbit, æquè deorſum deprimi, ac ſurſum attollitur, ab alio <lb></lb>gravitante in baſim B; mediante ſcilicet Mercurio. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002308"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002309"> Hoc facilè reijcitur; <expan abbr="nẽpe">nempe</expan> æqualis cylindrus aëris incumbit baſi <lb></lb>D, ſive mercurio, ſive aqua, ſive aëre fiſtula plena ſit, vt patet; Vnde, ſi <lb></lb>quem haberet effectum, eundem ſemper haberet; ſed hæc inſtantia futi<lb></lb>lis eſt; <gap></gap>are in ea diutiùs minimè <expan abbr="hærendũ">hærendum</expan>, vt tranſeam ad tertiam <expan abbr="ratio-nẽ">ratio<lb></lb>nem</expan>; ſi enim <expan abbr="segmẽtũ">ſegmentum</expan> IC Mercurij ab aëris exterioris cylindro ſuſtinetur; igi-<pb pagenum="195" xlink:href="025/01/199.jpg"></pb>tur cùm cylindrus exterior eandem vim ſemper habeat, æquale ſe<lb></lb>gmentum IC ſemper ſuſtinet; ſed hoc experimento repugnat; <lb></lb>nam ſi tantulum aëris antequam demittatur Mercurius in fiſtula re<lb></lb>linquatur, Mercurius deſcendet infra C; in C autem ſuſtineri de<lb></lb>beret; ſi à cylindro aëris exterioris, ſuſtineretur, vt patet; im<lb></lb>mo deſcendit infra C non juxta menſuram cylindruli aëris in fiſtula <lb></lb>relicti, ſed juxta majorem ; vnde illum aëra multùm dilatari, neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt; vnde fortè aliam materiam intra fiſtulam dilatatam eſſe di<lb></lb>cemus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002310"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002311"> Huc recurrit hypotheſis Autoris ſupra laudati; dicent enim <lb></lb>illius ſententiæ aſſertores, illud tantulum aëris intra fiſtulam relicti, poſt deſ<lb></lb>cenſum Mercurij liberiorem nanciſci campum, ac proinde cùm ante com<lb></lb>preſſus eſſet, explicare ſeſe ac dilatare, & premere ſuperficiem Mercurij, <lb></lb>vnde hic infra C deſcendit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002312"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002313"> Tantam compreſſionem aëris jam ſupra ſatis efficaciter refu<lb></lb>tavi; hic tantùm addo, ſi vacuum remanet ſegmentum CD, illam aëris par<lb></lb>ticulam ſatis ſpatij habere, vt explicet ſeſe, ac proinde non premere ſuper<lb></lb>ficiem Mercurij, ideo enim illam premere dicitur quia nititur explicare ſe<lb></lb>ſe, cùm plus æquo compreſſus ſit. </s> <s id="s.002314">Si verò ſegmentum CD non eſt <expan abbr="vacuũ">vacuum</expan>, <lb></lb>ſed plenum, jam videndum eſt, quare <expan abbr="plenũ">plenum</expan> ſit; ſi aëre dilatato, hæc particu<lb></lb>la haud dubiè dilatatur, compreſſa igitur non manet; ſi æthere, vt volunt ali<lb></lb>qui, per poros adducto, certè illa, tantùm ætheris, vel ſubtilis materiæ por<lb></lb>tio exugitur, ſeu per poros adducitur, quæ ad <expan abbr="occupandũ">occupandum</expan> ſegmentum CD, <lb></lb>ne vacuum reſtet, neceſſaria eſt: ſed primus locus cedit intra <expan abbr="dictũ">dictum</expan> ſegmen<lb></lb>tum præfatæ aëris portioni; ſi demum eſt alia ſubtilis materia tenſa, potio<lb></lb>ri jure prædictus aër tenditur ac dilatatur; igitur compreſſus non ma<lb></lb>net, igitur ſuperficiem Mercurij ſegmento CI contenti deorſum non <lb></lb>premit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002315"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002316"> Cur ergo Mercurias deſcendit infra C? neſcio, vtrùm aliam <lb></lb>cauſam excogitare quis poſſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002317"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002318"> Non deeſt alia cauſa, nempe Mercurij IC pondere prædicta <lb></lb>aëris particula dilatatur; vt enim aër Mercurij pondere comprimitur in <lb></lb>fontibus quibuſdam arte factis, ita & eodem dilatatur; quid mirum ergo, <lb></lb>ſi Mercurius infra C deſcendat? </s> <s id="s.002319">hoc autem novo experimento perſpicuè <lb></lb>demonſtro; ſi enim fiſtulam BD & vas ABG, non Mercurio, ſed aqua <lb></lb>impleas, admotóque digito, extremum B in aquam EF immergas, di<lb></lb>gitúmque ſubducas; fiſtula plena manet; ſi autem non prorſus aquâ fiſtu<lb></lb>lam impleveris, admotóque digito extremum B immerſeris, ſubduxeríſ<lb></lb>que digitum, aqua tantulum deſcendit v. g. ſi dum admotus eſt digitus <lb></lb>extremo B immerſo ſuprema ſuperficies aquæ ſit in M, ſubducto digito <lb></lb>deſcendit, quaſi in N; hac tamen ratione, vt dum ſuperficies aquæ eſt circa <lb></lb>mediam altitudinem ID, puta in C ſegmentum deſcenſus prædictæ ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei majus ſit; minus verò, quo dicta ſuperficies accedit propriùs ad D <lb></lb>vel ad I. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002320"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc <expan abbr="experimẽta">experimenta</expan> eò jucundiora mihi accidunt, quo <expan abbr="illorũcauſas">illorum cauſas</expan> <pb pagenum="196" xlink:href="025/01/200.jpg"></pb>ex præmiſſis Antime, mihi deducere poſſe videor; ideò enim ſuperficies <lb></lb>aquæ ſubducto digito deſcendit, quia pondus aquæ fiſtulæ contentæ re<lb></lb>lictam in fiſtula portionem aëris dilatat; ſi autem dicta ſuperficies acce<lb></lb>dit propius ad D, eſt quidem magnum aquæ pondus, ad majorem dilata<lb></lb>tionem præſtandam, ſed deeſt ſubjectum, ſeu materia majoris dilatatio<lb></lb>nis capax; ſi verò propiùs ad I, eſt quidem ſubjectum capax majoris dila<lb></lb>tationis, ſcilicet major aëris portio; eſt tamen minima vis ponderis ad il<lb></lb>lam præſtandam; ſi demum ſuperficies ſit in C, & ſatis magna eſt vis <lb></lb>ponderis, ſegmentum, ſcilicet aquæ IC, & ſubjectum ſatis capax, <lb></lb>ſcilicet portio aëris CD ; major igitur ſequitur dilatatio, majus igitur <lb></lb>ſegmentum deſcenſus. </s> <s id="s.002321">At ſcire ex te velim, Antime, vtrùm idem in Mer<lb></lb>curio fiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002322"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002323"> Idem prorsùs ſæpiùs probavi in fiſtula duos pedes alta; vt ſci<lb></lb>licet majus ſegmentum eſſet, quo ſuprema ſuperficies Mercurij ad me<lb></lb>dium altitudinis fiſtulæ extantis, propiùs accederet. </s> <s id="s.002324">Si autem altiorem <lb></lb>fiſtulam adhibeamus, in qua ſcilicet ſubducto digito ex A, Mercurius de<lb></lb>ſcendat, donec extet in ſegmento IC duorum circiter pedum & 1/4 vel <lb></lb><gap></gap>; quo plus aëris in hac fiſtula relinquetur, eò majus erit deſcenſûs Mer<lb></lb>curij ſegmentum infra C; pro quo illa quam luculenter expoſuiſti, Au<lb></lb>guſtine, ratio militat; equidem quando fiſtula altior eſt, vt rectè obſer<lb></lb>vat ſupra laudatus Autor, æqualis aëris portio intra fiſtulam relicta, <lb></lb>tam longum deſcenſus infra C ſegmentum non præſtat; quia prædictus <lb></lb>aër in majore Mercurij deſcenſu vſque ad C, magis dilatatur, quàm in <lb></lb>minore; vnde non mirum, ſi deinde eundem minùs dilatet Mercurius in<lb></lb>fra C deſcendens: hinc etiam quo major erit portio aëris in ſegmento <lb></lb>CD, eò majus erit ſegmentum deſcenſus Mercurij infra C. </s> <s id="s.002325">Hinc diver<lb></lb>ſæ conjugationes ſeu combinationes majoris ſcilicet aëris ſegmenti, vel <lb></lb>minoris, ante dilatationem; majoris altitudinis fiſtulæ vel minoris; ma<lb></lb>joris ſegmenti Mercurij vel minoris; prædicta ſex variè combinari poſ<lb></lb>ſunt; & ſic cuncta ad præmiſſa principia facilè reducuntur; nempe ma<lb></lb>jus Mercurij ſegmentum ſeu pondus idem ſegmentum aëris magis di<lb></lb>latat; majus ſegmentum aëris ab eodem Mercurij ſegmento magis dila<lb></lb>tatur; denique majus deſcenſus ſegmentum à D in C eandem portionem <lb></lb>aëris magis dilatat, quàm minus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002326"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ratio mihi ſatis arridet; ſed quæſo te, profer <lb></lb>alias. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002327"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002328"> Sit igitur quarta ratio: ſi per compreſſionem corporis liqui<lb></lb>di, admoto ſcilicet diſco ſupremæ ſuperficiei, attollatur liquor in fiſtula, <lb></lb>nullum illius pondus, appenſa fiſtula ſenties; ratio in promptu eſt, <lb></lb>quia à diſco admoto attollitur & ſuſtinetur; illius ergo pondus nullam <lb></lb>aliam vim exerit; igitur pari modo Mercurius extans in ſegmento IC <lb></lb>nullam vim ponderis exerit, ſi vel ab exteriore aëre compreſſo, vel ab aë<lb></lb>ris cylindro ſuſtineatur; par enim eſt vtrimque ratio; & inſtantia ſupra <lb></lb>facta hîc etiam eodem modo refellitur; cùm non minùs liquor à pre-<pb pagenum="197" xlink:href="025/01/201.jpg"></pb>mente diſco elevatus in fiſtulæ latera gravitet, quàm Mercurius, & aper<lb></lb>to in extante fiſtulæ ſegmento foramine, tam vnus effluat, quàm alius; <lb></lb>& vt dicam ſuper hoc, quod ſupra exciderat, quonam pacto Mercurius <lb></lb>extans in ſegmento fiſtulæ IC gravitet in latera ejuſdem, facto foramini <lb></lb>in L, totum pondus Mercurij CL exerit vim ſuam, qua extrudit Mercu<lb></lb>rium ſubjectum per foramen L: itaque omnes partes Mercurij gravi<lb></lb>tant in B vltimam ſuperficiem fiſtulæ; hæc autem ſuſtinetur, vt volunt <lb></lb>à cylindro exterioris aëris; ex hac porrò gravitatione quaſi repercuſſa <lb></lb>ſeu reflexa ſequitur, vt illius niſu, ſi pars ſubjecta versùs latera cedere <lb></lb>poſſit, versùs illa extrudatur; hinc aperto foramine, tanta vi erumpit; <lb></lb>igitur niſus ille non pellit fiſtulam, vel illius latera deorſum, ſed <lb></lb>quoquo versùm per horizontalem diſtrahit, in quo, meo judicio, nul<lb></lb>la eſt difficultas; ſaltem apud eum; qui rem iſtam paulò attentiùs per<lb></lb>pendat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002329"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ratio ad primam facilè refertur, qua ſcilicet probaſti, <lb></lb>Antime, ex eo quod fiſtula cum extante Mercurio appenſa totam vim ſui <lb></lb>ponderis exerat, evinci, ſegmentum extantis Mercurij à cylindro exte<lb></lb>rioris medij, ſcilicet aëris, minimè ſuſtineri. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002330"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002331"> Reducitur, non inficior; cùm tamen novum ſit experimentum, <lb></lb>illudque ſatis luculentum, novæ rationis mihi loco eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002332"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002333"> Quid ſi non aëris, ſed aquæ ſegmentum in fiſtulam immitta<lb></lb>tur, antequam Mercurius deſcendat in CI? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002334"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002335"> Hoc alij jam probarunt, inveneruntque, Mercurium ſubſidere <lb></lb>infra C (1/14) altitudinis ſegmenti aquæ immiſſæ, quia pondus cylindri aquej <lb></lb>14. pedum v. g. eſt æquale ponderi cylindri Mercurij vnum pedem alti; <lb></lb>at verò ſi aëra, non aquam immiſeris, Mercurius ſubſidit infra C, ſpatio <lb></lb>majore ipſo ſegmento aëris immiſſi, ita illi, ſed pace illorum dixerim; <lb></lb>ſit enim fiſtula BD 4 pedum; immittatur ſegmentum aëris altum vnum <lb></lb>pedem, tum Mercurius, fiatque more ſolito, non ſubſidit Mercurius in<lb></lb>fra C ſegmento vnius pedis, ne dum majore ; itaque ſi ſegmentum aëris <lb></lb>immiſſi ſit paulo minus, non nego fieri poſſe, vt ſegmentum deſcenſus <lb></lb>Mercurij infra C ſit majus ſegmento aëris immiſſi, quod tamen genera<lb></lb>tim dici nequit ; ſed hæc ſupra jam diſcuſſimus. </s> <s id="s.002336">Venio ad quintam ratio<lb></lb>nem. </s> <s id="s.002337">Segmentum fiſtulæ CD non eſt vacuum, ſed plenum alia materia, <lb></lb>eaque valde tenſa, tenſo aëri haud abſimilis, qui exhauſto per anthliam <lb></lb>multo aëre, in recipiente, de quo ſupra reſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002338"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002339"> Equidem jam ſupra probaſti, ad evidentiam, meo ſaltem ju<lb></lb>dicio, ſegmentum CD vacuum non eſſe; ſed aliqua tenui materia plenum; <lb></lb>hoc facilè conceſſerim, tenſam tamen eſſe nondum à te, quod ſaltem <lb></lb>à me perceptum ſit; huc vſque probatum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002340"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002341"> Deducere facilè poteras, ex adducto experimento veſicæ cy<lb></lb>prinæ, quæ poſt deſcenſum Mercurij adeò intumeſcit; rejecimus enim re<lb></lb>ſponſionem vel hypotheſim ſupra laudati Autoris, quod ſcilicet aër in pli<lb></lb>cis incluſus, compreſſus priùs, ſuæ deinde libertati relictus, ſeſe explicet, <lb></lb>infletque veſicam; nam & tanta compreſſio aëris repugnat ſenſui, cùm <pb pagenum="198" xlink:href="025/01/202.jpg"></pb>inclinata fiſtula detumeſcat veſica, antequàm ſuperficies Mercurij ad illam <lb></lb>perveniat; vnde manifeſtè ſequitur, ideò aëra intra veſicam dilatari, & <lb></lb>tendi, quia ab ambiente tenſo quoquo verſum adducitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002342"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002343"> Ex alio experimento tenſam materiam eſſe in ſegmento CD, <lb></lb>ſatis efficaciter probari poſſe, arbitror; nimirum ex eo quòd, vt ſupra <lb></lb>dixiſti, Antime, pulpa digiti valide adducatur ab illa materia; exugatur <lb></lb>copioſus ſanguis; caro intumeſcat vberis ad inſtar; nec enim aëri extrin<lb></lb>ſeco hic effectus tribui poteſt, vt jam ſupra ſatis inculcaſti; immo ſi incli<lb></lb>netur fiſtula, cujus extremum B Mercurio immergitur, poſtquàm denuò <lb></lb>preſsè admotus eſt extremo aperto B, exugitur, vt antea, digitus, vber<lb></lb>que intumeſcit, denique vt res magis perſpicua fiat, admoto digito ex<lb></lb>tremo ori fiſtulæ ligneæ, vtrimque perviæ, altéque immerſo extremo illo, <lb></lb>cui preſsè digitus admotus eſt, ita vt nihil aquæ ſubingredi queat; licet <lb></lb>cylindrus aquæ gravitet in cylindrum aëris fiſtula contenti immerſum, non <lb></lb>tamen propterea exugitur digitus, intumeſcit digiti pulpa, aſſurgit vber; <lb></lb>ille igitur digiti admoti effectus ab aëris exterioris cylindro non procedit: <lb></lb>cuncta hæc, ni fallor, evincunt, intra CD materiam tenſam ineſſe; nec quid<lb></lb>quam in contrarium opponitur, quod expeditè ſolvi non poſſit; non dee<lb></lb>runt tibi, Antime, aliæ rationes. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002344"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002345"> Non deſunt haud dubiè: en tibi vnam ex potiſſimis; ſi infun<lb></lb>datur aqua ſupra Mercurium EF, attollatúrque fiſtula, donec extremum <lb></lb>B ſuperet ſuperficiem EF, illico Mercurius IC aſſurgit tanto impetu ver<lb></lb>sùs D, vt quandoque præ nimia ictus vi, fiſtula diſſiliat; idem accidit, ſi <lb></lb>extremum ex Mercurio adductum in aëre ſtatuatur; idem etiam accidit ſi <lb></lb>valde inclinetur fiſtula; ingreditur enim Mercurius maximo cum impetu, <lb></lb>& versùs fundum D impactus maxima vi nonnunquam fiſtulam <lb></lb>frangit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002346"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocomus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002347"> Hunc effectum, dubio procul omni, exterioris aë<lb></lb>ris cylindro prævalenti attribuent, ſicut in libra, vbi alteri lan<lb></lb>ci majus pondus imponitur, hæc alteram lancem ſurſum attol<lb></lb>lit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002348"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002349"> Acutè omnino, ad ſpeciem tamen, cùm reipſa hæc ratio legi<lb></lb>tima non ſit; nec enim tanto impetu pondus deſcendens aliud paulo mi<lb></lb>nus in altum tollit; ſed longè tardiore motu, quàm ſi pondus motu acce<lb></lb>lerato deorſum ſine impedimento ferretur; atqui cylindrus aëris, vt ipſi <lb></lb>fatentur, ejuſdem eſt ponderis cum ſegmento extante Mercurij IC, ef<lb></lb>fluente igitur modica Mercurij particula, ipſique ſuccedente particula <lb></lb>aquæ molis æqualis, minima eſt ponderum differentia; igitur quamvis <lb></lb>cylindrus aëris prævaleat, illud tamen modicum diſcrimen virium tantum <lb></lb>motum ciere non poteſt, quia ſcilicet motus acceleratus deorſum circa <lb></lb>initium tardiſſimus eſt, ſecus tamen motus tenſorum, vel compreſſorum; <lb></lb>nimirum corpus compreſſum ſtatim initio maxima (<emph type="italics"></emph>vid. Figuram in pag.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>183.) vi erumpit; præterea ſuppponamus tubum geminum BCA, infun<lb></lb>datur aqua per os B; ſenſim hæc aſſurgit per canalem CA; ſit clavicula <lb></lb>ſeu verticillus in H, ita vt ſegmentum HA vacuum aqua relinquat, & <pb pagenum="199" xlink:href="025/01/203.jpg"></pb>tamdiu infundatur per os B, donec aqua perveniat ad ſummum verticem <lb></lb>B, tum volvatur verticillus H, illico aqua aſcendit in A, non tamen <lb></lb>tanto cum impetu; idem fit, ſi Mercurius infundatur; ex quo deduco <lb></lb>tantam vim motus, (<emph type="italics"></emph>vid. Figuram in pag.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> 184.) vel impetus aſſurgentis Mer<lb></lb>curij per CD, non eſſe à pondere cylindri aëris, cùm par ſit vtrimque ra<lb></lb>tio; idem probari poterit in canali tantulùm inflexo vel incurvato; nempe <lb></lb>licèt in altero brachio prævaleat aquæ pondus, non tamen ea propter tan<lb></lb>ta vi impetus aſſurgit in altero; accedit, quòd eadem vi, ſurſum Mercu<lb></lb>rius adducitur, qua digiti preſsè affixi pulpa ſeu caro; hæc autem à mate<lb></lb>ria tenſa <expan abbr="dũtaxat">duntaxat</expan> adducitur, cùm nulla alia cauſa applicata ſit; denique licet <lb></lb>hic effectus æquè attribui poſſet cylindro aëris, ac tenſæ in ſegmento C <lb></lb>D materiæ, cùm tamen aliqua ſint in hoc caſu, quæ cylindrus aëris ſal<lb></lb>vare non poteſt, licèt ſuppoſita illa materia tenſa optimè ſalventur; non eſt <lb></lb>dubium, quin totus effectus huic potiùs, quàm illi cauſæ attribuen<lb></lb>dus ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002350"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002351"> Demus igitur in ſegmento CD materiam tenſam con<lb></lb>tineri; quid inde? </s> <s id="s.002352">an fortè illa Mercurij ſegmentum CI ſu<lb></lb>ſtinet? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002353"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002354"> Haud dubiè, cùm dilatari ac tendi vltra non poſſit: vnde vide<lb></lb>tur eſſe quoddam quaſi ęquilibrium, ita vt nec materia tenſa attollere poſſit <lb></lb>majus pondus Mercurij, quam CI, neque hoc pondus Mercurij dilatare vl<lb></lb>tra materiam tenſam in CD. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002355"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002356"> Non ita profectò res ſe habet, Auguſtine; nam ſi hoc eſſet, <lb></lb>quo altius eſſet ſegmentum materiæ tenſæ CD, majore vi polleret addu<lb></lb>ctiva, vt ita loquar: igitur Mercurium ſupra C attolleret; infra C verò, <lb></lb>quò brevius eſſet illius ſegmentum; quod omnibus experimentis repu<lb></lb>gnat; ſive enim longior, ſive brevior ſit fiſtula, modò ſit paulo altior <lb></lb>IC ; æquale ſemper ſegmentum Mercurij extat; dicerem igitur, data <lb></lb>præfa ta hypotheſi materiæ tenſæ, Mercurium ipſi adhærere; hanc verò <lb></lb>fiſtulæ, iuxta Naturæ inſtitutum, de quo ſupra, vnde ſuſtinetur Mercurij <lb></lb>ſegmentum IC ab illa vi, quæ fiſtulam ſuſtinet, ita prorſus ſcyphus ex <lb></lb>aqua non plènè eductus, ſecum aquam adducit, cujus pondus is profectò <lb></lb>ſentit, qui ſcyphum ſuſtinet; ſic Mercurius breviorem fiſtulam ſegmento <lb></lb>IC totam occupat, licèt immergatur in Mercurium EF ; adhæret enim <lb></lb>Mercurius vitro, & ab eo ſuſtinetur, qui fiſtulam ſuſtentat; vbi verò al<lb></lb>tior eſt fiſtula, & tantùm eſt Mercurij pondus quantum requiritur ad ex<lb></lb>primendam, exugendam, educendam, eliciendam illam materiam ten<lb></lb>ſam, vndecunque tandem exugatur, de quo infra, deſcendit Mercurius <lb></lb>in CI, adhærétque materiæ tenſæ, & hæc fiſtulæ; ita vt fiſtula ſuſtineri <lb></lb>non poſſit, niſi ſimul tum materia, tum Mercurius extans ſuſtineatur. </s> <s id="s.002357">Sup<lb></lb>poſita igitur illa materia tenſa, ſegmentum Mercurij CI non ſuſtinetur à <lb></lb>cylindro aëris, ſaltem ſolo, nam illo etiam ſublato, cùm pondus Mercurij CI <lb></lb>æquale ſit reſiſtentiæ, qua materia tenſa in ſegmento CD majori tenſioni <pb pagenum="200" xlink:href="025/01/204.jpg"></pb>reſiſtit, deſcendere non poteſt infra C, niſi vacuum inducatur, quod expo<lb></lb>ſito Naturæ inſtituto repugnat, vt patet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002358"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002359"> Scire velim, cur particulam illam <emph type="italics"></emph>ſaltem Solo,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> addi<lb></lb>deris, quaſi fortè putes cylindrum illum aëris nonnihil con<lb></lb>ferre. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002360"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002361"> Dicam paulò poſt; ſi enim materia illa tenſa rarior eſt aëre, exter<lb></lb>nus aër haud dubiè nonnihil confert, de quo infra; ne rationes contra illam <lb></lb>hypotheſim, quam impugno, interrumpam. </s> <s id="s.002362">Sit ergo ſenta ratio; Quan<lb></lb>do admovetur corpus <expan abbr="calidũ">calidum</expan> ſegmento CD, poſt deſcenſum Mercurij v.g. <lb></lb>Lacca liquata, ſeu ferrum candens, Mercurius ſubſidit infra C, igitur <lb></lb>non ſuſtinetur à cylindro aëris externi, quod, ni fallor, perſpicuè pro<lb></lb>bare poſſum; nam cùm idem maneat cylindrus aëris exterioris, eadem <lb></lb>vis illius manet; igitur idem Mercurij ſegmentum IC ſuſtinet; cur ergo <lb></lb>deſcendit Mercurius infra C? hoc autem ſequitur, ſive ſegmentum CD <lb></lb>vacuum ſit, ſive tenui materia plenum; primum quidem, vt patet; alte<lb></lb>rum verò, quia cùm materia illa frigore denſatur, & contrahitur, vel <lb></lb>ſecum adducit in illa contractione Mercurij ſuperficiem C, atque ita aër <lb></lb>exterior ſegmentum Mercurij extantis non ſuſtinet, ſed hoc materiæ te<lb></lb>nui adhæret, & hæc fiſtulæ; vel <expan abbr="ſecũ">ſecum</expan> non adducit, ac proinde fit vacuum; nec <lb></lb>Mercurius ſupra C aſſurgit, cùm ſupra illud attolli non poſſit à Cylindro <lb></lb>exterioris aëris, cujus pondus idem manet, ac proinde iiſdem viribus <lb></lb>pollet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002363"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ratio, ne quid diſſimulem, rem mihi prorſus perſuadet; <lb></lb>cylindrus enim aëris exterioris, à quo, vt nonnulli volunt, Mercurij ex<lb></lb>tantis ſegmentum ſuſtinetur, neque plus, neque minus poteſt ſuſtinere; igi<lb></lb>tur ſi ferrum candens admoveatur ſegmento CD, & hoc vacuum ſit; nul<lb></lb>la eſt ratio, cur ſuperficies C ſubſidat; ſubſidit tamen; ſi verò nix, vel trita <lb></lb>glacies admoveatur CD, & hoc plenum ſit tenui materia, hæc quidem <lb></lb>contrahitur, niſi tamen ſecum ſuperficiem C adducat, attollátque, hæc <lb></lb>haud dubiè non aſſurgit; cùm à cylindro aëris vltra C attolli non poſſit; ſi <lb></lb>autem, eam materia illa ſeſe contrahens ſecum adducat, attollátque; ad <lb></lb>ſuſtinendum ſegmentum Mercurij IC adhærentis prædictæ materiæ, vt <lb></lb>hæc fiſtulæ, cylindri exterioris æquipondio non eſt opus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002364"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002365"> Quid ſi dicerem, vitrum ipſum fiſtulæ contrahi præ frigore, & <lb></lb>præ calore explicari; ac proinde materiam illam ratione vaſis, modò con<lb></lb>trahi, modò explicari, ex quo etiam Mercurij ſuperficies ſubſidat, vel aſ<lb></lb>ſurgat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002366"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc reſponſio nullius momenti eſt vt jam ſupra oſtenſum fuit; <lb></lb>ſuppoſito ſegmento CD vacuo, ſi verò ſupponatur plenum ſubtili materia, <lb></lb>contrarium omnino accideret; vbi enim laxatur vitrum, cùm plus ſpatij re<lb></lb>ſtet, dicta materia <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan> implere non poteſt, vnde Mercurius aſſurgat opor<lb></lb>tet, cùm tamen præ calore ſubſidat; vbi verò vitrum contrahitur, minus ſpa<lb></lb>tij ſupereſt intra ſegmentum CD, quod cùm non ſufficiat, tenui materiæ <lb></lb>ſuperficiem Mercurij premit, ac proinde hæc ſubſidit, cùm tamen præ figu-<pb pagenum="201" xlink:href="025/01/205.jpg"></pb>re aſſurgat; ſed diutiùs, quàm par ſit, hæreo in hac ratione; exprome quæ<lb></lb>ſo alias, ſi quæ fortè reſtant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002367"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002368"> Non parum, vt video, roboris prædictæ rationi per te acceſſit; <lb></lb>ſed ad ſeptimam venio; ſi poſtquam ſubſidit | Mercurius in CI, vas BAG <lb></lb>ita claudatur, vt nulla rima ſuperſit, per quam aër ſubeat, non tamen pro<lb></lb>pterea Mercurius CI ſubſidit, ſed tunc non ſuſtinetur à cylindro aëris; quia <lb></lb>ſcilicet non eſt applicatus, hæc ratio non minus perſpicua eſſe videtur an<lb></lb>tecedente. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002369"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002370"> Nollem, hoc dixiſſes, Antime, in meridiana luce cæcutire vi<lb></lb>deris, quod certè lynceos oculos non decet; quare tibi autor eſſem, vt per<lb></lb>peram dicta revoces, aut ſaltem procures, vt omnes intelligant, hæc à te di<lb></lb>cta eſſe per jocum animi gratia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002371"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002372"> Me, tibi ſummopere obſtrinxeris, Auguſtine, ſi cæcucienti ba<lb></lb>culum ſaltem ducem porrigas, qui me juxta atque noſtratem Carteſium, <lb></lb>rectiùs philoſophari doceat; quod de lynceis oculis ſubdidiſti; ſcio, quò <lb></lb>ſpectet, indignum prorſus me reputo ſummo illo honore, quo me ſereniſ<lb></lb>ſimus, pro illa ſingulari qua pollet humanitate, cumulare dignatus eſt: ſed <lb></lb>quæſo te, dedoce me; rectè enim meo ſaltem judicio, mihi videor ratioci<lb></lb>nari, dum ex eo, quod cylindrus aëris exterioris, probè clauſo vaſe ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciei Mercurij EF applicatus non ſit, ab eo nullo modo ſuſtineri ſegmentum <lb></lb>Mercurij extantis IC, deduco. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002373"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Aër inter ſuperficiem Mercurij EF, & operculum vaſi ap<lb></lb>poſitum contentus reſiſtit; cùm vltra comprimi non poſſit, à Mercurio C <lb></lb>I, ſicuti neque antequam operculum apponeretur, à cylindro aëris, exte<lb></lb>rioris ejuſdem ponderis cum Mercurio IC vltra comprimi poterat, reti<lb></lb>net enim totam compreſſionem à prædicto aëris cylindro ante impreſſam; <lb></lb>cùm igitur Mercurius IC deſcendere non poſſit, niſi prædictum aëra vl<lb></lb>tra comprimat, hunc porrò comprimere vltra nequeat; quid mirum <lb></lb>amabo te, ſi deſcendere non valeat, ac proinde ſuſpenſus maneat in <lb></lb>IC? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002374"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002375"> Igitur cylindrus aëris non ſuſtinet Mercurium IC ; ſed prædi<lb></lb>ctus aër, operculum inter & ſuperficiem Mercurij EF interceptus, impedit, <lb></lb>ne cadat; quid quæſo aliud dico? </s> <s id="s.002376">quid intendo probare, niſi <expan abbr="ſegmentũ">ſegmentum</expan> Mer<lb></lb>curij extantis <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> ſuſtentari à cylindro aëris exterioris? </s> <s id="s.002377">Iam verò facilè <expan abbr="oftẽ-do">oſten<lb></lb>do</expan> non ſuſtineri, ſeu ſuſpendi in IC, eo quod aër interceptus inter opercu<lb></lb>lum & ſuperficiem EF, vlteriori <expan abbr="cõpreſſioni">compreſſioni</expan> reſiſtat; nempe ſi admoto dicto <lb></lb>operculo, & extante Mercurio in IC, aperiatur foramen in D, Mercurius il<lb></lb>lico infra C deſcendit, idque notabili ſegmento; etſi vacuitas EFGA cana<lb></lb>liculo FR conjungatur cum ampliſſimo vaſe P vacuo, majore adhuc ſe<lb></lb>gmento Mercurius IC deſcendit, vt non ſemel probavi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002378"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002379"> Inſigni paralogiſmo nos ludis, Antime; retices enim novam <lb></lb>vim accedentem, per quam Mercurius IC deprimitur, & dictus aër inter<lb></lb>ceptus vltra comprimitur; cylindri ſcilicet aëris, per foramen in D apertum <lb></lb>ſuperficiei Mercurij C applicati; cùm igitur dupla vis ponderis aëri inter<lb></lb>cepto incumbat, nimirum ſegmenti Mercurij IC & ponderis ipſi <pb pagenum="202" xlink:href="025/01/206.jpg"></pb>æqualis, ſcilicet cylindri aëris exterioris, quid mirum, ſi prævaleat, & <lb></lb>aëra interceptum vltra comprimat, atque adeò Mercurius infra C de<lb></lb>ſcendat? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002380"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002381"> Ad vltimam metam, opinor, hanc difficultatem promoviſti; ego <lb></lb>quoque vltimam manum admoveo, ac dico, non magis comprimi aëra <lb></lb>interceptum inter EF & dictum operculum à Mercurio IC, & cylindro <lb></lb>aëris gravitantis per foramen D, quàm remoto operculo & clauſo foramine <lb></lb>D, ab eodem Mercurio IC, & eodem cylindro aëris exterioris; nam perin<lb></lb>de eſt, ſive tota vis preſſionis per lineam vnicam incidat, vel applicetur, <lb></lb>five ſubduplum per vnam, & ſubduplum per oppoſitam; ſuppone, ſi vis, tu<lb></lb>bum; altera parte clauſum, in quem immiſſo embolo <expan abbr="cõtentus">contentus</expan> aër compri<lb></lb>matur, applicata potentia vt 8.fac ſegmentum ſeu compreſſionis menſuram <lb></lb>eſſe 4. digitorum; ſi idem tubus ſit vtrimque pervius, & duo emboli hinc <lb></lb>inde immittantur, applicata vtrimque potentia vt 4.idem haud dubiè com<lb></lb>preſſionis effectus conſequetur: igitur quantumvis tum Mercurius CI, tum <lb></lb>aër gravitans per foramen D, communi quodam niſu in aëra interceptum, <lb></lb>de quo ſupra, agant, vt magis illum comprimant, certè vltra comprimere <lb></lb>non poſſunt; quia jam compreſſus eſt à viribus æqualibus, id eſt ab iiſdem <lb></lb>ponderibus, ſed diverſo modo applicatis; aperto igitur foramine in D, <lb></lb>Mercurius CI ſubſidere non poſſet, ſubſidit tamen, cùm priùs <expan abbr="nondũ">nondum</expan> aperto <lb></lb>foramine, minimè ſubſideret. </s> <s id="s.002382">Vnde, ni fallor, perſpicuè deduco, non ideò, <lb></lb>admoto ſcilicet operculo in AG, extare Mercurium IC, & minimè ſubſi<lb></lb>dere; quia ſcilicet dictus aër interceptus inter ſuperficiem Mercurij FE & <lb></lb>admotum operculum, comprimi vltra <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan> poteſt; ſed quia materia tenſa C <lb></lb>D, cui Mercurius adhæret, tendi vltra nequit, niſi major vis ponderis ap<lb></lb>plicetur; aperto verò foramine in D, cum vlteriori tenſione opus non ſit, <lb></lb>ad deſcenſum Mercurij CI, non parum deſcendit, aérque interceptus tan<lb></lb>tulum comprimitur; accedente quoque vaſe vacuo P, vt dictum eſt ſupra, <lb></lb>profundiùs Mercurius CI deſcendit, quia tantulum compreſſionis multo <lb></lb>aëri faciliùs diſtribuitur, quam modico; cùm ſingulis partibus minùs com<lb></lb>preſſionis competat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002383"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002384"> Iam multa lux ex iis, quæ hactenus à te dicta ſunt, aſſequendi <lb></lb>veritatem, mihi affulſit: jam enim clariſſimè conſtat, ſegmentum CD va<lb></lb>cuum non eſſe, in quo, ni fallor, omnes ferè conveniunt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002385"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002386"> Omiſeram pulcherrimum argumentum cuilibet obvium, in quo <lb></lb>vel ipſis oculis, ſpatium illud non eſſe vacuum comprobatur, poſtquam <lb></lb>enim ſubſidit Mercurius in CI, ſi feneſtras conclavis in quo degis claudi <lb></lb>jubeas, excepto modico foramine per quod radius ſolaris traiciatur, & <lb></lb>ſegmentum CD intra radium trajectum immergas, videbis illico intra ca<lb></lb>vitatem CD radio & luce perfuſam atomos fluitantes: vnde neceſſe dictu <lb></lb>ſit, fluitare in materia noſtro aëri non abſimili, vt jam ſupra indica<lb></lb>veram. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002387"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002388"> Iucundum ſanè, juxta atque facilè experimentum, quod <lb></lb>vacuum omnino profligat: conſtat etiam non ſuſtineri extantem Mercu<lb></lb>rium CI ab exterioris aëris cylindro, ſaltem ſolo, vt jam obiter monuiſti: <pb pagenum="203" xlink:href="025/01/207.jpg"></pb>nec etiam ab aëre compreſſo, ſive libero, ſive intercepto: alioquin plus aëris <lb></lb>compreſſi plus Mercurij attolleret: plus autem eſſet aëris compreſſi adjun<lb></lb>cto vaſe P: tunc igitur plus Mercurij attolleretur: cùm tamen minùs attol<lb></lb>latur, & profundiùs ſubſidat extans Mercurius CI. </s> <s id="s.002389">Iam reſtat, vt quid ſen<lb></lb>tias, exponas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002390"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002391"> Antequam illud exequar, alia quædam hypotheſis rejicienda <lb></lb>eſt: Nempe aliqui volunt, eſſe quoddam corpus tenuiſſimum, aere no<lb></lb>ſtro longè ſubtilius (ſunt qui æthera vocent) quod per poros omnium <lb></lb>corporum facilè penetret, ſeu permeet: hoc autem adduci volunt à Mer<lb></lb>curio deſcendente per poros vitri, donec reſiſtentia partium aëris, quæ <lb></lb>vltra conſtipari non poſſunt, vt ſic loquar, niſi à majore pondere, quàm ſit <lb></lb>pondus extantis Mercurij CI pondus adæquet ſegmenti Mercurij ex<lb></lb>tantis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002392"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ſententia valde ingenioſa mihi ſemper viſa eſt, cùm totam <lb></lb>remiſtam ad circulationem Platonicam reducat: qua fiat ſcilicet, vt dum <lb></lb>vnum corpus pello, hoc etiam aliud pellat, & hoc aliud, & ſic deinceps, do<lb></lb>nec vltimò pulſum, facto quaſi circuitu, in locum primi pulſi ſuccedat: ſic <lb></lb>adduci volunt, aquam, per ſyringam, educto embolo: nempe ſegmentum <lb></lb>emboli eductum pellit aëra, & illius <expan abbr="locũ">locum</expan> occupat: hic porro aër pellit <expan abbr="aliũ">alium</expan>, <lb></lb>& hic alium: donec tandem vltimò pulſus, ſuperficiem aquæ pellat, & hæc <lb></lb>aquam in ſyringam intrudat, in locum ſegmenti emboli educti: atque ita <lb></lb>nullus eſt vacui metus, nulla corporum adhæſio, & omnia per communia <lb></lb>principia explicantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002393"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc mera eſt circulatio Platonica, contra quam tamen inſupe<lb></lb>rabiles difficultates militare videntur: & primò quidem contra id, quod vl<lb></lb>timo loco dicebas, Chryſocome luculentum facit experimentum: ſi enim <lb></lb>ſegmentum emboli, quod ex ſyringa educitur, in alium tubum, cujus cavi<lb></lb>tati probè congruat, & alterum extremum clauſum ſit, compreſſo ſcilicet <lb></lb>aëre immittas, aqua pariter per ſyringam citra prædictam aëris circulatio<lb></lb>nem attollitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002394"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002395"> Dicerem attolli ab aëris cylindro incubantis in ſuperficiem <lb></lb>aquæ: nec enim, opinor, negabis, dato quod ſegmentum ſyringæ, educto <lb></lb>embolo, vacuum maneret, futurum, vt aër in aquam gravitans, eam per ſy<lb></lb>ringam ad occupandum vacuum impelleret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002396"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002397"> Nihil probas, contra me, hoc enim non facit, quin citra prædi<lb></lb>ctam circulationem aëris, educto embolo, aqua attollatur, cùm nulla peni<lb></lb>tus circulatio in hoc caſu intercedat: deinde admoto vaſi, in quo aqua <expan abbr="cõ-tinetur">con<lb></lb>tinetur</expan>, operculo, vt ſupra dictum eſt, modò mediocris aëris portio inter <lb></lb>ſuperficiem aquæ & admotum operculum intercepta remaneat, adducto <lb></lb>embolo, attollitur aqua: igitur nec cylindro aëris incubantis, nec per circu<lb></lb>lationem attollitur: nec eſt, quod ad prodigioſam illam aëris compreſſio<lb></lb>nem confugias, quam ſupra jam rejecimus, neque hic repetere vacat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002398"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002399"> Dicent æthera per appoſiti operculi poros intro ſu<lb></lb>bire, ac premere ſuperficiem aquæ, vnde non mirum, ſi hæc attol<lb></lb>litur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="204" xlink:href="025/01/208.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002400"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002401"> Sed æquè facilè, immo faciliùs intra ipſam ſyringam æther ille <lb></lb>ſubiret per poros: dico faciliùs: quia id fieret citra elevationem aquæ, cui <lb></lb>pondus ejuſdem ſeſe opponit, deinde æther ille per poros aquæ <lb></lb>facilè ſubiret in locum ab embolo relictum, intra ſyringam. </s> <s id="s.002402">Deni<lb></lb>que, quo plus eſt aëris intercepti, operculum inter & ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem aquæ, eò faciliùs adducto embolo, aqua per ſyringam attolli<lb></lb>tur: ídque multò magis, ſi ſpatium illud ab aëre intercepto occupa<lb></lb>tum, canaliculo cum majore vaſe vacuo conjungatur, eo modo, quo ſupra <lb></lb>dictum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002403"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002404"> Sed dic mihi, ſodes, Antime, numquid putas, aquam educto <lb></lb>embolo, ideò attolli, quia ab aëris cylindro in ſuperficiem aquæ gravitante <lb></lb>attollitur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002405"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002406"> Dum adduco embolum, totum aquæ pondus ſentio, illius <lb></lb>ſcilicet, quæ attollitur: quomodo igitur à dicto aëris cylindro attollitur, <lb></lb>aut ſuſtinetur? </s> <s id="s.002407">prætereà ſegmentum emboli, quod educitur attollit æqua<lb></lb>lem cylindrum aëris: aqua igitur quæ extremæ emboli baſi adhæret, cum <lb></lb>embolo adducitur eo modo, quo ſupra dictum: equidem ſi quis per fi<lb></lb>ſtulam, ſeu cannam catapultæ longioris, cujus cavitas accuratè ac dili<lb></lb>genter tornata ſit, & immiſſæ glandi prorſus æqualis, admoto ore addu<lb></lb>cat, vt fieri ſolet, anhelitum, glans ipſa tanto cum impetu adducitur, vt <lb></lb>hæc in dentem maximo cum impetu, non tamen ſine periculo impingatur, <lb></lb>quia ſcilicet adducto aëre pilam inter & buccam intercepto, totus cylin<lb></lb>drus aëris adverſus glandem à tergo gravitationis ſuæ vim exerit: quid <lb></lb>mirum ergo, ſi prædictam glandem magna vi impellat? </s> <s id="s.002408">hujus rei pericu<lb></lb>lum fecit vir jam ſupra, ſed nunquam ſatis laudatus Euſtachius, cum fracti <lb></lb>dentis jactura, vt mihi deinde narravit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002409"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002410"> Sed quæſo te, quid in hac hypotheſi adducti æthe<lb></lb>ris in ſegmentum CD tibi diſplicet? </s> <s id="s.002411">Mercurius enim in vas deſ<lb></lb>cendens extrudit è ſummo vaſe illam aëris portionem, vt ejus locum oc<lb></lb>cupet: hæc vt locum inveniat alias pellit, & cùm nihil vacui ſit præ<lb></lb>ter ſegmentum CD, & cum eo aër intrudi non poſſit, ſubtilior æther intru<lb></lb>ditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002412"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antimus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002413"> Multa obſunt huic hypotheſi: Primo veſicæ cyprinæ adeò <lb></lb>intumeſcentis, poſtquam Mercurius deſcendit in CI, phænomenon in <lb></lb>dicta hypotheſi explicari nequit, cùm tumere non poſſit niſi ab aëre intus <lb></lb>compreſſo, vel ambiente dilatato: æther neutrum præſtat. </s> <s id="s.002414">Secundo pul<lb></lb>pa digiti intus adducta, vis impacti Mercurij, & alia quamplurima, quæ <lb></lb>vim illam exuctivam, vt ſic loquar, manifeſtè demonſtrant atque adeò <lb></lb>materiam dilatatam in ſegmento CD, præfatæ hypotheſi repugnant: <lb></lb>nempe illa materia prædictos effectus impediret potiùs, quàm produce<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="s.002416">Tertio, cùm maxima ſit ætheris copia, Mercurius deſcendens ex C in <lb></lb>I, æquè facilè portionem hujus ætheris in fiſtulam intruderet ad occu<lb></lb>pandum ſpatium CI, ac cylindrus aëris, vel alia quælibet cauſa in fiſtu<lb></lb>lam inclinatam regerit Mercurium, & extrudit æthera ex ſegmento CD, <lb></lb>& verò cum totus niſus in eo poſitus ſit, vt ſcilicet intrudatur æther in <pb pagenum="205" xlink:href="025/01/209.jpg"></pb>fiſtulam ab aëre ſecretus, ideò Mercurius extat in IC juxta iſtam hypo<lb></lb>theſim; quia illius ponderis vis non ſufficit, vt intrudat plus ætheris per <lb></lb>poros fiſtulæ; quid ergo amabo in fiſtulam inclinatam retrudit Mercu<lb></lb>rium, & ex CD æthera extrudit? </s> <s id="s.002417">non certè cylindrus aëris, in quem hæc <lb></lb>hypotheſis hoc phænomenon non refert; deinde æqualia ſunt momen<lb></lb>ta Mercurij extantis CI, & præfati cylindri; cùm igitur vis ponderis CI <lb></lb>minor ſit, quàm par ſit, ad intrudendum æthera in ſegmentum CI, vis <lb></lb>etiam cylindri aëris minor erit, quàm par ſit ad extrudendum æthere ex <lb></lb>CD, eadem enim vi extruditur, qua intruditur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002418"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002419"> Dicent, aëra compreſſum manere poſt deſcenſum Mercurij, <lb></lb>immo inde fortè compreſſum eſſe, quòd partes ætheris ante interceptæ, <lb></lb>expreſſæ fuerint, & in fiſtulam per poros intruſæ; vltra autem comprimi <lb></lb>non poteſt, niſi vis major ſit pondere extantis Mercurij CI; vbi verò in<lb></lb>clinatur fiſtula, vis aëris compreſſi, cùm decreſcat momentum ponderis <lb></lb>Mercurij CI, illud facilè ſuperat, novumque Mercurium in fiſtulam re<lb></lb>trudit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002420"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002421"> Nihil horum cum recta ratione conſentit; Primò, quia aër ex<lb></lb>ternus poſt deſcenſum Mercurij nullo ſenſu compreſſior percipi poteſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002422">Secundò; Illius partes non ſunt magis conſtipatæ quàm ante, cùm æthe<lb></lb>ris copia affatim ſuppetat. </s> <s id="s.002423">Tertiò, flante vento novus aër identidem fiſtu<lb></lb>lam ambit. </s> <s id="s.002424">Quartò, illa vis aëris compreſſi, quam ponis, ſi potis eſt, non <lb></lb>modò per fiſtulam inclinatam Mercurium attollere, novumque intrude<lb></lb>re, verùm etiam æthera per poros fiſtulæ ex ſegmento CD extrudere, <lb></lb>potiori iure intruderet in ſegmentum CI fiſtulæ perpendiculariter ere<lb></lb>ctæ, externum æthera, præſertim cùm nihil extantis Mercurij deor<lb></lb>ſum ad prædictam intruſionem concurrat: adde ſis omnes alias rationes<gap></gap>, quæ contra ſupra rejectam hypotheſim à me adductæ ſunt; cùm <lb></lb>æquè ferè militent contra iſtam, tu vide ſis, nam repetere non <lb></lb>vacat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002425"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002426"> Sed quid tandem tu? ſi enim ad hoc phænomenon expli<lb></lb>candum cylindrus aëris non ſufficit, nec vacuum, nec aëris compreſſio, <lb></lb>nec æther, quid tibi quæſo reſtabit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002427"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002428"> Senſu duce, in hanc hypotheſim veni, vt dicerem in ſegmento <lb></lb>CD tenuem quandam materiam tenſam contineri, quæ cùm à pon<lb></lb>dere Mercurij extantis CI tendi vltra non poſſit, & alioquin adhæreat <lb></lb>fiſtulæ, ipſique Mercurius; non mirum eſt, ſi Mercurius maneat ſuſ<lb></lb>penſus: dixi ſenſu duce; dum enim video præfatam veſicam intumeſ<lb></lb>cere, in deſcenſu Mercurij, in aſcenſu verò, inclinata fiſtula, detumeſce<lb></lb>re, antequam Mercurius veſicam tangat, illud dumtaxat occurrit, vt <lb></lb>dicam, ab ambiente materia veſicam illam dilatari ac tendi, quod quo<lb></lb>modo fiat fingi non poteſt, niſi materia illa tenſa ſit. </s> <s id="s.002429">Secundò, dum ſen<lb></lb>tio carnem digiti attolli, & in vber tumeſcere, eo modo, quo ſupra ex<lb></lb>poſitum fuit, immo & ſanguinem exugi, licèt oppoſita digiti pars nihil <lb></lb>prorsus ſentiat, nihil aliud in mentem venit, niſi trahi ab intrinſeco, ac <lb></lb>proinde ab aliqua tenſa materia. </s> <s id="s.002430">Tertiò, Dum video Mercurium incli-<pb pagenum="206" xlink:href="025/01/210.jpg"></pb>nata fiſtula tanta vi in baſim D impingi, itemque elevato ſupra ſuper<lb></lb>ficiem EF extremo aperto B; item ſi admoto preſſè digito extremo B <lb></lb>fiſtula educatur, inclineturque; cuncta hæc attentè conſideranti, & in<lb></lb>tuenti nulla tanti impetus cauſa extrinſeca eſſe videtur, vt patet ex iis <lb></lb>quæ fusè à me ſupra diſputata ſunt; immo admoto preſſè digito, nulla <lb></lb>cauſa exterior applicata eſt; igitur interna eſt, vel intrinſeca; igitur vel <lb></lb>à corpore compreſſo vel tenſo: Non primum, nam non loci, ſed locati <lb></lb>ſunt anguſtiæ; igitur alterum. </s> <s id="s.002431">Quartò, dum admoto preſſè digito, <lb></lb>eductam fiſtulam ſic libro, vt modo in D, modò in B Mercurius magna <lb></lb>vi impingatur, hoc ferè in inſtanti fieri videtur, ad inſtar quaſi fulguris <lb></lb>coruſcantis; ſed tanta vis motus tribui non poteſt motui gravium in <lb></lb>plano inclinato, cùm vix fiſtula à plano horizontali tantulum deflectat, <lb></lb>ac proinde planum hoc adeò celerem motum non patitur; alia igitur <lb></lb>cauſa eſt tam velocis motus; non compreſſio, vt dixi; igitur tenſio. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002432">Quintò, Illa materia quæ priùs occupabat ſegmentum CD, inclinata fiſtu<lb></lb>la & labente Mercurio in CD, temporis ferè momento tranſit in CI, <lb></lb>nec vlla via apparet, qua tranſeat; tenſam igitur eſſe neceſſe eſt; tenſa <lb></lb>enim illico adducuntur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002433"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002434"> Hanc hypotheſim apprimè intelligo, videoque, multa ſanè <lb></lb>in ea explicari poſſe. </s> <s id="s.002435">Primò, cur extet Mercurius CI, quia ſcilicet reſi<lb></lb>ſtentia ad vlteriorem materiæ tenſionem, adæquat vim ponderis Mer<lb></lb>curij CI. Secundò, Cur ſemper eadem ſit extantis Mercurij CI nimi<lb></lb>rum pedum 2. & ferè <gap></gap> ſive anguſtior ſit fiſtula, ſive laxior; quia in eadem <lb></lb>proportione creſcit reſiſtentia materiæ ad vlteriorem tenſionem, in qua <lb></lb>creſcit pondus Mercurij extantis. </s> <s id="s.002436">Tertiò, Cur inclinata fiſtula adduca<lb></lb>tur Mercurius in CD ; quia tunc minus eſt ponderis Mercurij momen<lb></lb>tum in plano inclinato; quid mirum ergo; ſi à tenſionis momento ſu<lb></lb>peretur, quod ſupponitur æquale momento ponderis in perpendiculo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002437">Quartò, cur veſica cyprina infletur, pulpa digiti ad inſtar vberis attolla<lb></lb>tur, ſanguis exugatur; tenſa enim materia alia corpora, quibus eſt con<lb></lb>tigua, ad ſe adducit & trahit. </s> <s id="s.002438">Quintò, Cur Mercurius educta fiſtula ex <lb></lb>Mercurio, tanta vi in oppoſitam fiſtulæ baſim impingatur; tribus illis <lb></lb>modis, de quibus ſupra; vis enim tenſionis, quæ tunc prævalet; initio <lb></lb>maxima eſt; in hoc diſſimilis potentiæ motrici gravium, quæ initio mi<lb></lb>nima eſt. </s> <s id="s.002439">Sextò, Cur applicato ferro candente ſegmento fiſtulæ CD ſub<lb></lb>ſidat Mercurius infra C; quia tunc rareſcit illa materia, vnde magis ex<lb></lb>tenditur; hinc deorſum Mercurium CI neceſſariò deprimit; ſecus verò <lb></lb>applicato gelu denſatur, atque adeò contrahitur, & Mercurium ſurſum <lb></lb>attollit. </s> <s id="s.002440">Septimò, Cur appenſa fiſtula DB totum extantis Mercurij CI <lb></lb>pondus ſentiatur; quia Mercurius adhæret materiæ tenſæ, & hæc fiſtu<lb></lb>læ. </s> <s id="s.002441">Octavò, Cur ſtatim poſt deſcenſum, libretur aliquamdiu Mercurius, <lb></lb>ita vt modò ſupra C aſcendat, modò infra deprimatur; quia cùm de<lb></lb>ſcendat motu accelerato vires acquirit eundo, ac proinde reſiſtentiæ <lb></lb>momentum ſuperat; at decreſcente pondere, prævalet tandem tenſio<lb></lb>nis reſiſtentia; vnde ſurſum denuò Mercurius adducitur; atque ita ali-<pb pagenum="207" xlink:href="025/01/211.jpg"></pb>quamdiu ſurſum deorſumque libratur: Cogita pondus funependulum <lb></lb>ex chorda tenſa vel arcu. </s> <s id="s.002442">Nonò, Cur ſi tantulum aëris in fiſtula relinqua<lb></lb>tur, Mercurius poſt deſcenſum ſubſidat infra C: quia illud tantulum <lb></lb>aëris tum à Mercurio, tum à materia tenſa dilatatur, vnde majus ſpa<lb></lb>tium occupet neceſſe eſt; ac proinde, vt ſpatium CD explicatur, ita <lb></lb>CI contrahitur; ſecus accidit intruſa aqua, loco aëris; quia aqua, vt <lb></lb>ad compreſſionem, ita ad tenſionem inepta eſt. </s> <s id="s.002443">Decimò, Cur admoto <lb></lb>preſſè digito ori B, & librata huc illuc fiſtula, illa materia tam cito tran<lb></lb>ſeat ab extremo ad extremum: nam propter tenſionem, non modò ci<lb></lb>tiſſimè adducitur, verùm etiam facilè contrahitur, inter fiſtulam & <lb></lb>Mercurium. </s> <s id="s.002444">Cuncta hæc & alia quamplurima, quæ facilè ſuggeres, in <lb></lb>hac tua hypotheſi explicare poſſem; ſed vnde quæſo iſta materia? </s> <s id="s.002445">& <lb></lb>quo tandem illa, cùm inclinata fiſtula aſſurgit Mercurius, & totam <lb></lb>implet? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002446"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002447"> Vel inde tibi maximoperè obſtrictus ſum, quod ab onere illa <lb></lb>explicandi me liberum eſſe volueris; quæ obiter quidem, clariſſimè ta<lb></lb>men ſub vnum eundemque adſpectum adduxiſti; reliqua ſi quæ ſuper<lb></lb>ſunt, perſtringam; ſed ante omnia, declarandum mihi eſt, vnde or<lb></lb>tum ducat, & quò tandem abeat illa materia tenſa. </s> <s id="s.002448">Et verò quemad<lb></lb>modum alij, vt naturales effectus explicent, eorumque indagent cau<lb></lb>ſas, multa fingunt, quæ ſenſibus minimè ſubjiciuntur, vt ſpiras aëris, <lb></lb>arcus, ramos, æthera, ſubtilem materiam, cochleas magneticas, bul<lb></lb>las, ſphærulas, ramenta, & motus diverſi generis; licèt nihil horum <lb></lb>videant, aut ſentiant, ſed gratis fortè ſtatuant, ad effectus ſenſibiles <lb></lb>explicandos, quos ex communibus principiis explicari non poſſe ſibi <lb></lb>perſuaſerunt; quidni & mihi aliquid ſimile fingere liceat, vel vt ve<lb></lb>riùs dicam ſtatuere & ex communibus principiis deducere? </s> <s id="s.002449">Lico igi<lb></lb>tur, vt rem paulò altiùs repetam, elementa noſtra pura non eſſe, ſed <lb></lb>omnino mixta, vt omnes mihi facilè concedent; etiam ipſam aquam, <lb></lb>quam bibimus, ipſum aëra quem haurimus; & cùm omne mixtum ex <lb></lb>miſcibilibus conſtet, haud dubiè quælibet mixti pars longè major eſt <lb></lb>parte miſcibilis, totum ſcilicet ſua parte majus; hinc aër per poros <lb></lb>corporum etiam laxiores non ſubit, multò minùs aqua; immo aliqua <lb></lb>corpuſcula aquis ſtygiis inſunt, quæ ſubtilis humoris vehicula in du<lb></lb>riſſimorum etiam corporum poros ſubeunt, eorumque ſolvunt plexum; <lb></lb>hæc porrò mixta eſſe, nemo inficias eat; igitur longè minores ſunt par<lb></lb>tes miſcibilium, ex quibus illa conſtant. </s> <s id="s.002450">Cùm autem ad multum natu<lb></lb>ræ vſum, tenuis quædam materia, quæ ad purum aëris elementum lon<lb></lb>gè propiùs accedit, quàm aër, qui nos ambit, neceſſaria eſſet, illam <lb></lb>haud dubiè omiſſam fuiſſe, ac deſiderari nemo dixerit; & vt ſunt præ<lb></lb>cipui tres corporum ſtatus, duri ſcilicet, ſeu concreti, liquidi & ſpira<lb></lb>bilis, nec non innumeræ ſub quolibet genere ſpecies; nihil obſtat, quin <lb></lb>aliquæ ſint corporis ſpirabilis ſpecies, quæ longè majorem tenuitatem <lb></lb>præ ſe ferant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002451"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002452"> Non video, quem vſum neceſſarium huic ſubtili ma-<pb pagenum="208" xlink:href="025/01/212.jpg"></pb>teriæ aſſignare poſſis, niſi ſaltem aliqua fingas, & gratis adſtruas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002453"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002454"> Nihil fingo, nihil adſtruo, quod ex communibus principiis <lb></lb>non deducatur; & primò quidem, certum eſt, corpori etiam graviſſi<lb></lb>mo & denſiſſimo poros ineſſe; nullum enim eſt corpus durum ſine <lb></lb>poris; pori autem illi vacui non ſunt, iuxta naturæ inſtitutum; de quo <lb></lb>ſupra; aliqua igitur materia pleni, quæ certè aëre longè ſubtilior ſit, <lb></lb>immo ſit ipſe aër purior, id eſt, mixtum aëreum, ſeu ſpirabile, ad pu<lb></lb>rum elementum aëris propiùs accedens, quàm noſter aër, addere poſſem <lb></lb>ſonorum rem, quæ vix ſine illa materia ſubtili explicari poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002455"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002456"> Multi ſanè non admittunt quintam illam eſſentiam, quæ <lb></lb>vix ab æthere diſtinguitur; & verò vt atomos illas democriticas nun<lb></lb>quam probavi, ita nec ſententia quorumdam Peripateticorum; ſeu po<lb></lb>tiùs Platonicorum, qui neſcio quam eſſentiam ætheream ab iis quin<lb></lb>tam appellatam, eamque, vt nonnullis viſum eſt, animatam poſuerunt, <lb></lb>mihi vnquam arriſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002457"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002458"> Mentem meam reverà non capis, Chryſocome, nullam enim <lb></lb>quintam eſſentiam approbo, nullum corpus ſtatuo, quod vel ſimplex <lb></lb>elementum non ſit, vel ex elementis compoſitum; nempe hæc ſubtilis <lb></lb>materia, cujus multiplici vſu natura indiget, ex aëre humore, igne, <lb></lb>ac terra compoſita eſt, quanquam ad aëra purum propiùs accedit; alius <lb></lb>autem illius vſus eſt, præter illos quos ſupra indicavi, vt ad tenſionem <lb></lb>& compreſſionem corporum multum conferat, vnde fortè aër compreſ<lb></lb>ſionis ac tenſionis præ cæteris corporibus patiens eſt, quia multa ineſt <lb></lb>aëri, immo aëris craſſiores & majores partes in dicta materia quaſi in <lb></lb>medio natant, eiuſdem ferè cum eo gravitatis: Itaque ſuppoſita illa <lb></lb>materia, cujus maxima pars aëri commixta eſt, vnde hic tam facilè com<lb></lb>primi & dilatari, ſeu tendi poſſit, ratione ſcilicet hujus materiæ, alia <lb></lb>verò intra poros omnium corporum latet, ex quibus citra tenſionem <lb></lb>educi non poteſt; tendi porrò non poteſt abſque vi, ſeu ponderis, ſeu <lb></lb>alterius potentiæ motricis applicatæ; vtrumque experimento proba<lb></lb>tur, primum quidem in fiſtula BD, nempe Mercurius ſubducto digito <lb></lb>deſcendens educit ex vitro; immo & ex ſe ipſo quaſi ex propriis viſceri<lb></lb>bus, materiam illam, quæ cum poros vitri non deſtituat, alioquin vacui <lb></lb>manerent, eam tendi ac dilatari neceſſe eſt, vt totam vacuitatem CD im<lb></lb>pleat, alterum verò in embolo, qui magna vi ex vaſe clauſo, cui congruit, <lb></lb>educitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002459"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002460"> Quot & quantæ difficultates quaſi turmatim ſeſe mihi ob<lb></lb>jiciant, vix ac ne vix quidem dicere valeo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002461"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002462"> Libenter eas excipiam; ſi enim ſolvendo non ſim, facilè ſen<lb></lb>tentiam mutabo; expone igitur illas, Auguſtine, rem enim gratiſſimam <lb></lb>mihi feceris. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002463"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002464"> Primo loco illam expono, quæ longè difficillima mihi vi<lb></lb>detur; ſi enim Mercurius ideò deſcendit ex CD in CI, quia ſuperat re<lb></lb>ſiſtentiam prædictæ materiæ, ne dilatetur, ſeu tendatur; cur igitur vt <lb></lb>magnum pondus prædictam materiam valdè tendit; ita minus <pb pagenum="199" xlink:href="025/01/213.jpg"></pb>pondus parum tendit? </s> <s id="s.002465">quod tamen repugnat experimentis; ſi enim fiſtula <lb></lb>ſit tantum vel vnum vel duos pedes alta, etiam ſubducto digito non deſcen<lb></lb>dit Mercurius, vt patet, deſcendere tamen deberet, licèt minus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002466"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002467"> Fateor gravem eſſe difficultatem; ad quam tamen reſpondeo, <lb></lb>duo eſſe capita, ex quibus dicta reſiſtentia petitur; primum eſt, vt educatur <lb></lb>ex poris, alterum vt tendatur; ſi tantùm ſecundum caput conſideretur, ma<lb></lb>gna vis ponderis, multum; parva verò, parum illam materiam tendit; quo<lb></lb>ad verò primum, ea eſt reſiſtentia, quæ determinatam vim exigit, vt ſu<lb></lb>peretur; Cogita quæſo fixum in ligno clavum, qui tanta vi dumtaxat re<lb></lb>figitur, non verò minore; ita prorſus ex poris corporum illa materia edu<lb></lb>ci nequit, niſi tanta vis applicetur; vbi verò ſemel educta eſt, pro majo<lb></lb>re vel minore pondere magis vel minùs tenditur; hinc ſi aëris tantulum <lb></lb>immittatur in fiſtulam BD, non tantùm infra C deſcendit Mercurius, <lb></lb>verùm etiam materia illa, quæ jam educta eſt, & aëri admixta, maximè <lb></lb>dilatatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002468"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002469"> Non video, quæ vis deſideretur, vt educatur ex Mer<lb></lb>curio, corpore ſcilicet liquido, quod parum reſiſtit: idem de aqua di<lb></lb>cendum eſt, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002470"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002471"> Immò videtur, quod minore vi opus ſit ad educendam illam <lb></lb>materiam ex Mercurio, quàm ex vitro, cùm multæ partes movendæ, <lb></lb>& quaſi amovendæ ſint; cùm tamen in corpore ſicco paulò liberiores ſint <lb></lb>pori; non eſt igitur dubium, quin aliqua reſiſtentia ſit; cogita rete quod<lb></lb>dam perexiguis annulis diſtinctum, quod ſine aliqua reſiſtentia ex aqua <lb></lb>non educitur, non eſt igitur mirum, ſi cum illa materia ex tot meandris & <lb></lb>pororum labyrinthis eruenda ſit, tanta ſit in hoc difficultas, vt majore vi ad <lb></lb>eam ſuperanda, opus ſit, quàm reverà ſit pondus Mercurij extantis CI. <lb></lb>analogia clavi refigendi, præſertim ſi per diverſos anfractus eat, rem iſtam <lb></lb>ob oculos ponit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002472"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002473"> Illa igitur materia per poros vitri abundè ab extrinſeco aëre <lb></lb>intra fiſtulam adduci poteſt; nulla ergo tenſio intercedit; immò hæc ſen<lb></lb>tentia eadem eſſe videtur cum illa, quam vltimo loco impugnabas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002474"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002475"> Licèt ex poris vitri educatur, non tamen ex hoc ſequitur, illam <lb></lb>ab aëre extrinſeco elici; nec enim pori illi ita ſunt pervij, vt liber tranſi<lb></lb>tus pateat; alioquin, nullum corpus vnquam comprimi poſſet, nullum <lb></lb>tendi, aut dilatari; equidem in corpore liquido ſecus accidit; cùm enim <lb></lb>non ſine aliquo partium motu hæc fiat, ex iis eductio, inde fit, vt materia <lb></lb>illa dilatabilis meliùs colligatur, ad aliquam ſcilicet altitudinem. </s> <s id="s.002476">Acce<lb></lb>dit quòd in illo deſcenſu agitantur corporis liquidi partes, & hæc agita<lb></lb>tio collectionem materiæ dilatabilis non parum juvat; hinc fortè procedit, <lb></lb>vt laudatus ſupra Autor etiam obſervat, longè majore vi opus eſſe ad edu<lb></lb>cendum ex Cylindro cavo embolum, cujus extrema baſis ita adhæret fun<lb></lb>do Cylindri, vt nihil aëris interceptum maneat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002477"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002478"> Putabam fieri non poſſe, vt embolus abeo fundo vlla vi hu<lb></lb>mana avelleretur; immò putabam te eſſe in eadem ſententia. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002479"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002480"> In ea fui aliquando, ne quid diſſimulem, novis tamen experi-<pb pagenum="200" xlink:href="025/01/214.jpg"></pb>mentis edoctus in meliorem ſententiam deſcendi; & verò longè diffici<lb></lb>liùs educitur ex corpore ſicco illa materiæ copia, quæ ad occupandum to<lb></lb>tum illud vacuum neceſſaria eſt; ſed hæc nihil ad præſentem quæſtionem; <lb></lb>accedit, quod embolus ſino corio, Cylindro cavo rectè non congruit; co<lb></lb>rium autem poroſum eſt & ſpongioſum, at que adeò multum aëra, multum<lb></lb>que prædictæ materiæ continet. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002481"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002482"> Sed quæſo te, quando altiſſima eſt fiſtula, vnde tanta copia il<lb></lb>lius materiæ, qua ſcilicet ſegmentum CD repleatur, quando longiſſi<lb></lb>mum eſt? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002483"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002484"> Demus hoc, nec enim vnquam probatum eſt, in longiſſimis <lb></lb>illis fiſtulis; Demus, inquam; cavæ ſuperficies vitri ſunt vt altitudines; item <lb></lb>labentis Mercurij quantitates, ſeu Cylindri ; quid mirum ergo, ſi in eadem <lb></lb>proportione materia dilatabilis ſuppeditetur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002485"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſoc.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002486"> Nunquid fortè meliùs diceres, ſi partibus dumtaxat aëris inter <lb></lb>Mercurium & cavam ſuperficiem fiſtulæ interceptis hoc tribueres? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002487"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002488"> Non ſunt haud dubiè aëris partes inter partes Mercurij, nec <lb></lb>etiam inter Mercurium & dictam ſuperficiem cavam, ſed tantùm partes <lb></lb>illius materiæ dilatabilis, quæ cadente Mercurio inde facilè educitur: & <lb></lb>verò cùm aër, ſi quis intruſus ſit, ita ſuum locum occupet, vt inclinata fi<lb></lb>ſtula Mercurius totam cavitatem CD non occupet, ſed ſpatium neceſſa<lb></lb>rium aëri relinquat; vbi Mercurius aſſurgens nullum ſpatium vacuum re<lb></lb>linquit, vt aliquando accidit, nullus profectò aër ineſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002489"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002490"> Legi apud Autorem ſupra laudatum, ſi fiſtula multiplici ſuc<lb></lb>cuſſu fatigetur, dum in eam Mercurius infunditur, ſegmentum Mercurij <lb></lb>extantis inde altius fore; immò ſi ferrum candens admoveatur lateri fi<lb></lb>ſtulæ CI, aſcendunt quædam aëris bullulæ; aër igitur Mercurio inerat: <lb></lb>idem in aqua fieret. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002491"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002492"> Illæ bullæ non ſunt aëre plenæ, ſed vel humore rarefacto, qui <lb></lb>multus ineſt Mercurio, vel illa materia tenui, quæ facilè rareſcit; quan<lb></lb>quam dicerem potiùs, humorem rarefactum; vt enim materiam illam te<lb></lb>nuem ad elementum aëris propiùs accedentem, vtpote neceſſariam ad <lb></lb>multos naturæ vſus agnoſco, ita & admitto humorem quendam ſubtilem, <lb></lb>ad elementum aquæ proximè accedentem, ſine quo fortè frigoris, effe<lb></lb>ctus explicari non poſſunt: ſed veni quæſo ad alias, quæ tibi ſubortæ ſunt <lb></lb>difficultates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002493"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002494"> Illa materia, quæ poſt deſcenſum Mercurij ſegmentum <lb></lb>CD obtinet, eſt rarior & levior aëre; igitur aër extrinſecus per medium <lb></lb>Mercurium in illam gravitat; ſi ergo hæc vis gravitationis Cylindri aëris <lb></lb>extrinſeci major eſt vi gravitationis Mercurij extantis CI, illam haud <lb></lb>dubiè ſuperabit, attollet que Mercurium; idem faciet, ſi æqualis ſit; acce<lb></lb>dente ſcilicet vi tenſæ materiæ; ſi denique minor eſt, cur non vincitur deſ<lb></lb>cenditque Mercurius infra C? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002495"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002496"> Licèt hæc omnia darem, nihil tamen inde contra meam hy<lb></lb>potheſim; ſupponamus enim exempli gratia, vim Cylindri aëris extrin<lb></lb>ſeci pluſquam centuplo majorem vi gravitationis Mercurij CI; non po-<pb pagenum="201" xlink:href="025/01/215.jpg"></pb>terit propterea ſuſtinere ſegmentum Mercurij centuplum ſegmenti CI; <lb></lb>quia ſupponamus ſuſtineri; cùm hic Mercurius gravitet, & hæc vis gra<lb></lb>vitationis ſuperet reſiſtentiam prædictæ materiæ educendæ & dilatandæ, <lb></lb>non eſt dubium, quin prævalere debeat, atque adeò Mercurius deſcendere; <lb></lb>illa materia educi & tendi, donec ad punctum C perveniat, in quo æqua<lb></lb>lis eſt vis gravitationis Mercurij CI prædictæ reſiſtentiæ; licèt autem ſu<lb></lb>perficies Mercurij EF tantulum attollatur, non tamen propterea totus Cy<lb></lb>lindrus, cujus baſis incumbit in ſuperficiem EF attollendus eſt, ſed tantu<lb></lb>lum comprimitur aër per appulſum & exceptionem illius, qui Mercurio <lb></lb>in vas ABG illapſo in locum cedit; ſic prorſus per appulſum fumi, va<lb></lb>poris cujuſlibet halitus, immò alicujus aëris rareſcentis tractus, reliquus aër <lb></lb>comprimitur; nempe dictu, immò & cogitatu ridiculum eſt, totum aëris <lb></lb>Cylindrum inde attolli; ex hac ſolutione manifeſtum argumentum ducitur, <lb></lb>contra primam illam hypotheſim, quam ſupra refutavi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002497"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Sæpè miratus ſum, hæc ab iis non videri, qui conſtantiſſimè <lb></lb>aſſerunt, præfatum vtriuſque Cylindri, aëris ſcilicet, & Mercurij æquili<lb></lb>brium, ducta à duobus aliis Cylindris, aquæ ſcilicet & Mercurij analogia; <lb></lb>licèt enim in his præfatum æquilibrium locum habeat, ſecus tamen in il<lb></lb>lis, & manifeſtum diſcrimen eſt, quia Mercurius deſcendere nequit, niſi <lb></lb>vel aquæ Cylindrus attollatur, vel aqua, aut ipſe Mercurius, vi ponderis <lb></lb>ſeu preſſionis comprimatur; ſed aqua comprimi nequit, nedum Mercu<lb></lb>rius; vt jam ſuprà dictum eſt; ſervatur igitur æquilibrium; at verò aër <lb></lb>facilè comprimi poteſt, vt patet; vnde Mercurij Cylindrus ID facilè deſ<lb></lb>cendit; nempe aër tantulùm comprimitur; nec ideò infra C non deſcen<lb></lb>dit, quod ſit æquilibrium inter Cylindrum aeris, & Cylindrum Mercu<lb></lb>rij IC, ſed quia deſcendere nequit, niſi ſuperet reſiſtentiam materiæ di<lb></lb>latabilis, eamque geminam, vt ſupra rectè diſtinguere mihi viſus es; ſed <lb></lb>ad alias objectiones venio; dicunt enim oppoſitæ ſententiæ aſſertores, ſe<lb></lb>gmentum Mercurij extantis IC in ima Valle eſſe longius, in vertice mon<lb></lb>tis brevius; ita probatum fuiſſe ferunt, in montibus Alverniæ, & Majo<lb></lb>ris Britanniæ; hoc autem, quia in ima Valle Cylindrus aëris altior eſt; <lb></lb>igitur majus illius pondus; igitur longius Mercurij ſegmentum ſuſtinet; <lb></lb>ſecus in vertice montium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002498"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002499"> Si laudatus ſupra Autor, qui hæc refert, teſtis oculatus fuiſſet, <lb></lb>non detrectarem fidem Autori ac curatiſſimo; ſed quia hæc à ſe tan<lb></lb>tum auribus accepiſſe vltro fatetur, plenam fidem adhibendam eſſe non <lb></lb>crediderim, præſertim cum aliquando contigerit, vt hoc experimentum <lb></lb>in altiſſimis regionibus probatum, ſecus quàm illi ferunt, ſucceſſerit; præ<lb></lb>terquam quod cuipiam homini, qui primus hoc probaſſe dicitur in mon<lb></lb>tibus Alverniæ, nullam fidem habendam eſſe duco; cujus enim fidei homo <lb></lb>ſit, omnes catholici probè norunt. </s> <s id="s.002500">Sed demus, ita eſſe, non tamen inde <lb></lb>concluditur, præfatum Cylindrorum æquilibrium, cùm alia cauſa & ra<lb></lb>tio eſſe poſſit; nempe in altiſſimis montibus, præſertim ſi in acumina<lb></lb>tum verticem attollantur, non verò ſi in vaſtas planities explicentur, <lb></lb>vel ſenſim aſſurgant, leniore ac molliore clivo, in altiſſimis; inquam, mon-<pb pagenum="202" xlink:href="025/01/216.jpg"></pb>tibus aër purior eſt, id eſt, à vaporibus liberior. </s> <s id="s.002501">Igitur plus ineſt materiæ <lb></lb>dilatabilis corporibus liquidis prædicto aëri expositis; quid mirum ergo, <lb></lb>ſi tenſio facilior eſt, multa enim faciliùs tenditur, quàm modica; præterea <lb></lb>fieri potuit, vt aliquid aëris in tubum irrepſerit; fatetur enim præfatus Au<lb></lb>tor, quamvis alioquin hoc experimentum ſæpiùs probaverit, vna dumtaxat <lb></lb>vice à fiſtula aëra exulaſſe: ille autem aër purior faciliùs comprimi & di<lb></lb>latari poteſt: Hinc ij, qui de rebus Americæ ſcripſerunt, teſtantur, in ver<lb></lb>tice cujuſdam montis, auram ita tenuem eſſe, vt reſpirationi vix ſerviat; <lb></lb>in his, vt vides, nulla eſt difficultas. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002502"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002503"> Nulla ſanè; ſed cur quæſo ſegmentum IC toties alitudinem <lb></lb>mutat, nulla temporum habita ratione? </s> <s id="s.002504">aliquando enim cum Thermome<lb></lb>tro convenit, ita vt fervente æſtu ſubſidat, & ſæviente bruma aſſurgat, aliàs <lb></lb>omnino ſecus accidit; vnde hoc quæſo, Antime? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002505"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002506"> In alia hypotheſi hoc nullo modo explicari poteſt, in noſtra <lb></lb>facilè explicatur; nempe pro diverſa ratione auræ purioris, ſeu defæcatio<lb></lb>nis, cui ſcilicet materiæ dilatabilis plus ineſt, varia eſt ſegmenti extantis al<lb></lb>titudo; quò enim plùs ineſt prædictæ materiæ, minor eſt, quo minùs, major, <lb></lb>vt patet ex dictis; plùs autem, vel minùs ineſt, pro diverſo ventorum, ha<lb></lb>lituum & effluviorum appulſu: porrò diverſæ ſunt combinationes, vt vo<lb></lb>cant majoris ſcilicet, & minoris quantitatis hujus materiæ; itemque caloris <lb></lb>& frigoris ambientis; vnde fieri poteſt, vt vnum ab alio minuatur vel au<lb></lb>geatur. </s> <s id="s.002507">V.g.major quantitas illius materiæ, cum majore caloris vi acceden<lb></lb>te conjuncta, brevius ſegmentum extantis Mercurij facit; reliquæ combina<lb></lb>tiones facilè fieri poſſunt, quare vltro illas omitto, ne ſim fortè prolixior. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002508"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002509"> Quid autem cenſes de illa obſervatione, quam præfatus Au<lb></lb>tor indicat, & de qua Venetiis ſcriptum eſt, ſcilicet æſtu creſcente, ſegmen<lb></lb>tum extantis Mercurij decreſcere, creſcere verò æſtu decreſcente, an fortè <lb></lb>aliquid de illa probaſti? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002510"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002511"> Si Mercurij extantis ſegmentum à Cylindro aëris ſuſtineretur, <lb></lb>hoc reverà accidere deberet, iuxta illam noſtram hypotheſim, quam in ſu<lb></lb>periore congreſſu fusè ſatis tradidimus, vt patet; ſed cùm prædictum ſe<lb></lb>gmentum ab aëris Cylindro non ſuſtineatur, vt ſupra oſtenſum eſt, æſtus <lb></lb>maris ad rem hanc nihil facit: vbi autem hæc inaudij, probavi rem accura<lb></lb>tiſſimè, ſervata fiſtula in ſitu perpendiculari BD eum ſegmento extantis <lb></lb>Mercurij CI, per totos ferè 30. dies, obſervavi multam mutationem altitu<lb></lb>dinis; nam Mercurius aliquando ſupra C aſſurgere, <expan abbr="aliquãdo">aliquando</expan> infra ſubſidere <lb></lb>mihi, aliiſque, quibus oſtendi, ſæpè ac ſæpiùs viſus eſt, nunquam tamen <lb></lb>æſtus maris leges ſervavit, ſive diurnas, ita vt momento ſummi æſtus, quo <lb></lb>Luna eſt in Meridiano, ſubſideret, & momento ſummi receſſus, ſeu reflu<lb></lb>xus, Luna ſcilicet Meridianum ſextæ horæ occupante, aſſurgeret; ſive leges <lb></lb>menſtruas, ita vt in Plenilunio & Novilunio ſubſideret, in Quadraturis aſ<lb></lb>ſurgeret: Idem Florentiæ & Liburni obſervatum fuit, vt à viro ſumma fi<lb></lb>de digno accepi; quare non eſt, quod multùm curemus de prædicta illa ob<lb></lb>ſervatione, quæ cum certis experimentis minimè conſentit; quare, ne tem<lb></lb>pus teramus, profer quæſo, ſi quid fortè reſtat. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="203" xlink:href="025/01/217.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002512"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002513"> Veſtri Pariſienſes aliquid jactant, quod tibi fortè nonnihil <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.217.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/217/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>negotij faceſſat; Sit enim vas ABD, in quod in<lb></lb>fundatur Mercurius, ſit fiſtula CP, <expan abbr="cũ">cum</expan> ampulla IP, <lb></lb>aperta in P, latiore foramine, & aliud vas HKNL <lb></lb>ampullæ inſit, recto ſitu, vt vides; inſeratur fiſtula <lb></lb>OI, admotoque preſsè digito in C, infundatur <lb></lb>per O Mercurius, donec tum vas HN, tum fiſtu<lb></lb>la CP, tum ampulla, tum fiſtula IO impleantur; <lb></lb>tum ſuilla veſica probè obſtruantur, debito ſci<lb></lb>licet tempore, foramina P & O, itemque perexi<lb></lb>guus canaliculus R ; his <expan abbr="demũ">demum</expan> omnibus peractis, <lb></lb>ſubducatur digitus ex C, Mercurius ruit deorſum <lb></lb>ex vtraque fiſtula, ita vt totum extans ſegmen<lb></lb>tum NO vacuum Mercurio maneat, extetque ſe<lb></lb>gmentum FT Mercurio plenum, altum ferè pe<lb></lb>des duos & <gap></gap>. Si autem vel minima acicula in ve<lb></lb>ſica R foramen aperias, & tantulum aëris ſub<lb></lb>eat, ſubſidit illico Mercurius infra T, in fiſtula <lb></lb>CP, aſſurgitque ſupra in fiſtula IO, quia ſcilicet, <lb></lb>inquiunt, aër qui ſubiit, premit ſuperficiem Mer<lb></lb>curij TV, & LN, vnde vtramque deprimi ne<lb></lb>ceſſe eſt, ſed LN deprimi non poteſt, niſi Mercurius ſupra LN, in fiſtula <lb></lb>IO aſcendat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002514"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc dicunt, ſat ſcio; ſed quis amabo ſibi perſuadeat, tantulum <lb></lb>aëris qui ſubit, adeò compreſſum manere, vt vtramque illam Mercurij ſu<lb></lb>perficiem deprimat; in noſtra hypotheſi longè faciliùs res iſta explicatur; <lb></lb>nempe cùm poſt Mercurij deſcenſum, tum in PV, tum in NO, illa materia <lb></lb>tenſa remaneat, accedente illa aëris particula, quæ ſtatim dilatatur, illa ma<lb></lb>teria ſeſe aliqua ex parte reducit in ſegmento NO. cùm minor vis alterius <lb></lb>materiæ tenſæ reſiſtat, vnde hæc vincitur, & adducitur mediante Mercurio <lb></lb>contento in vaſe HN, item Mercurius GT tantulùm ſubſidit; quid quæſo <lb></lb>faciliùs excogitari poteſt? </s> <s id="s.002515">Ex quo vides, opinor, hoc experimento noſtram <lb></lb>hypotheſim non parum confirmari. </s> <s id="s.002516">Idem accidit, vt ſupra <expan abbr="dictũ">dictum</expan> eſt, ſi in reci<lb></lb>piente, ex quo deinde aër exugitur, fiſtula illa poſt deſcenſum Mercurij in<lb></lb>cludatur; nempe exhauſto aëre, vt ſũmpta dictum eſt, tenditur aër in reci<lb></lb>piente contentus, hic vero ſuperficiem Mercurij vaſe contenti attollit, ex <lb></lb>quo neceſſariò ſequitur, vtin fiſtula ſubſidat; hinc vides cuncta hæc in noſtra <lb></lb>hypotheſi facilè ſolvi, quæ à nonnullis alioquin inſolubilia eſſe credebantur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002517"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002518"> Nihil jam ferè eſt, quod facilè ſolvi à me non poſſit; <lb></lb>nonnulla indico; Primò, Muſca non volat in ſegmento CD poſt deſ<lb></lb>cenſum Mercurij. </s> <s id="s.002519">quia ſubtilis illa materia ad volatum inepta eſt, <lb></lb>cùm præ tenuitate facilè per meatus pennarum eat. </s> <s id="s.002520">Secundò, Ani<lb></lb>malcula ibidem moriuntur, quia materia illa tenſa inepta eſt ad <lb></lb>reſpirandum; immò aliquando accidit, vt animalculum ibidem in<lb></lb>cluſum valde intumuerit; in veſica, de qua ſupra, perfectam habe-<pb pagenum="204" xlink:href="025/01/218.jpg"></pb>mus analogiam; hæc aliaque ſimilia facilè intelliguntur, explicanturque; <lb></lb>aliqua tamen ſunt ab Autore ſupra laudato commemorata, quæ plus ne<lb></lb>gotij fortè faceſſerent; quam ob rem etiam atque etiam te rogo, vt ad tua <lb></lb>principia illa reducas. </s> <s id="s.002521">Illa obiter ſuggero. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002522"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002523"> Suſtine, quæſo; neque enim hoc pro dignitate fieri poteſt, niſi res <lb></lb>in longum, atque adeò hic congreſſus longiùs producatur, quàm par ſit; mo<lb></lb>dò ſufficiat, vel obiter indicaſſe, exhauſto aëre ex dicto recipiente, illos om<lb></lb>nes effectus tenſæ materiæ facilè tribui poſſe, quos præfatus Autor aëri in <lb></lb>libertatem vindicato attribuit; nempe quoad effectum perinde eſt, ſive pel<lb></lb>las ab intrinſeco, ſive ab extrinſeco eadem vi adducas & trahas; hinc ex va<lb></lb>riis liquoribus bullæ aſcendunt, quas ſcilicet ſubtilis illa materia tenſa oc<lb></lb>cupat; hinc præ nimia bullarum copia, liquor ante Diaphanus albeſcit, tu<lb></lb>met, exundat, ebullit, etiam aqua pura, præſertim calida; nempe illa vi, qua <lb></lb>ſuperficies liquoris ſurſum attollitur, diſtrahuntur <expan abbr="tãtulùm">tantulùm</expan> partes, ac proin<lb></lb>de partes ſubtilis materiæ interpoſitæ liberiores ſunt, vt ſurſum bullatim <lb></lb>adducantur, idque vario eventu, pro diverſo liquoris genere, ſinguli exa<lb></lb>minandi eſſent, ſed ne ſaltemus extra chorum res in aliud tempus diſcutien<lb></lb>da remittitur. </s> <s id="s.002524">Duo tantùm hîc breviter adnoto, quæ ad præſentem contro<lb></lb>verſiam pertinent; Primum eſt, ſi fiſtula quæ ad deſcenſum Mercurij adhi<lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.218.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/218/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>beri ſolet, ampullam habeat HP, intra quam alia <lb></lb>minor ampulla per foramen P immutatur, altio<lb></lb>re collo, ſeu tubo PO inſtructa, eoque aperto in <lb></lb>O, poſtquam autem probè alligatum fuerit <expan abbr="collũ">collum</expan> <lb></lb>PO, ita vt per foramen P nihil prorſus aëris in <lb></lb>ampullam HP ſubire valeat, ſi per oſtium C in<lb></lb>fundatur Mercurius, ac deinde, vbi plena fuerit fi<lb></lb>ſtula CP admoto digito, immerſoque extremo C <lb></lb>in <expan abbr="Mercuriũ">Mercurium</expan>, digitus ſubducatur, ruit, more ſolito, <lb></lb>Mercurius; ſed mirum dictu, bulla minor immiſſa <lb></lb>in majorem HP in deſcenſu Mercurij frangitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002525"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc vna eſt, meo <expan abbr="ſaltẽ">ſaltem</expan> judicio, ex præ<lb></lb>cipuis difficultatibus, quæ ſi occurriſſet, <expan abbr="illã">illam</expan> haud <lb></lb>dubiè non omiſiſſem; nempe facilè dicent, maxi<lb></lb>mam vim aëris incumbentis in cavum bullæ, <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan> <lb></lb>non defendit aër, <expan abbr="convexũ">convexum</expan> ambiens, cùm vel <expan abbr="va-cuũ">va<lb></lb>cuum</expan> ſit, vel materia tenſa inſit, dicent, <expan abbr="inquã">inquam</expan>, <expan abbr="ma-ximã">ma<lb></lb>ximam</expan> illam vim prædictæ fractionis cauſam eſſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002526"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002527"> Sed dic mihi, ſodes, cur eadem vis aëris <lb></lb>incumbentis in convexum bullæ HP, ſemota mi<lb></lb>nore, illam etiam non frangit? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002528"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002529"> Inde certè tua ſententia non confirmatur; nempè ſive dicas <lb></lb>minorem bullam frangi vi materiæ tenſæ, ſive vt alij volunt, vi aëris in<lb></lb>cumbentis, æquè vtrimque ſunt anguſtiæ; ſic enim jure pati inſto, ſi vis ma<lb></lb>teriæ tenſæ adducens convexum minoris bullæ illam frangit, cur majorem <lb></lb>non frangit, cùm æquè illius concavum adducat? </s> </p> <pb pagenum="205" xlink:href="025/01/219.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002530"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002531"> Addo vnum, quod difficultatem auget, nempe ſi tota res fiat <lb></lb>clauſo tubo in O, minor bulla non rumpitur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002532"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002533"> Rectè dixiſti augeri difficultatem; cùm inde facilè deducam, <lb></lb>ampullam non frangi à materia tenſa contenta in majore ampulla HP, <lb></lb>quia reverà etiam clauſo Oſtio O, eadem eſt applicata convexo minoris <lb></lb>bullæ, illam tamen non frangit; ſed aperto foramine O, ſtatim frangitur; <lb></lb>igitur ab alia cauſa, eaque applicata; nulla autem alia excogitari poteſt, à vi <lb></lb>exterioris aëris incubantis diſtincta. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002534"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002535"> Ab vtraque certè cauſa hunc fractionis effectum eſſe neceſſe eſt; <lb></lb>cùm vtraque applicata ſit, altera convexo, altera concavo; gravitat autem <lb></lb>aër exterior in cavum bullæ, quia illa materia tenſa, quæ <expan abbr="convexũ">convexum</expan> ambit, eſt <lb></lb>levior aëre, jam verò in hoc, ſupra laudato Autori aſſentior, quod ideo minor <lb></lb>bulla frangatur, non verò major ; quia hujus ſuperficies versùs centrum <lb></lb>pellitur, & cùm ſit ad inſtar cujuſdam fornicis, quid mirum, ſi magis reſiſtat, <lb></lb>quàm minor, cujus ſuperficies a centro diſtrahitur. </s> <s id="s.002536">Vnde futurum, conclu<lb></lb>do, ſi hæc figura bullarum mutetur, ita vt cavum majoris, & convexum <lb></lb>minoris aëri externo ſit expoſitum, ſecus atque ante accidet; tunc enim <lb></lb>major bulla frangetur, minor verò indemnis manebit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002537"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002538"> Scire ex te velim, vtrùm hoc experimento vnquam probatis, <lb></lb>an verò intellexeris ab aliis fuiſſe probata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002539"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002540"> In hoc genere, à quopiam probata fuiſſe neſcio, neceſſaria tantùm <lb></lb>conſecutione deduco; in alio tamen genere legi apud Autorem ſupra lau<lb></lb>datum, aliquid ſimile; quòd ſcilicet bulla in recipiente collocata exhauſto <lb></lb>aëre tantulùm explicetur; vt colligitur ex eo quod cùm ante aqua ſemiplena <lb></lb>eſſet, & in canaliculo immerſo & ad collum ejus preſsè alligato aliquantu<lb></lb>lum aſſurgeret, exhauſto deinde aëre ex dicto recipiente aqua in canaliculo <lb></lb>tantulùm ſubſidere viſa ſit, quod certè vni <expan abbr="dũtaxat">duntaxat</expan> vitri, ſeu bullæ explicatio<lb></lb>ni tribui poteſt: <expan abbr="alterũ">alterum</expan> ſimile paſſim occurrit; ſi enim ampullam tenui & lon<lb></lb>giore collo <expan abbr="inſtructã">inſtructam</expan>, & aqua ferè <expan abbr="plenã">plenam</expan> nive obruas, aqua illico per collum <lb></lb>tantulùm aſſurgit, non <expan abbr="aliã">aliam</expan> certè ob <expan abbr="causã">causam</expan>, niſi propter <expan abbr="contractionẽ">contractionem</expan> ampul<lb></lb>læ; ſi <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan> concavum ſit exteriùs, & <expan abbr="convexũ">convexum</expan> interius, ſecus omnino accidit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002541"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Hæc ad primum tantummodò ſpectant de altero verò quid<gap></gap></s> </p> <figure id="id.025.01.219.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/219/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002542"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002543"> Sit vas A conſtructum iuxta formam <lb></lb>deſcriptam in Figura infundatur aqua, cu<lb></lb>jus ſuprema ſuperficies ſit KI. aſſurgit per ca<lb></lb>naliculum GDF vſque ad E, includatur autem <lb></lb>in recipiente, quod deinde probè obſtruatur, exu<lb></lb>cto aëre ex dicto recipiente, non ſubſidit aqua in <lb></lb>canaliculo infra E, ceſſat tamen compreſſio aëris <lb></lb>incubantis vtrique ſuperficiei KI, & E; illa igi<lb></lb>tur compreſſio cauſa non eſt hujus elevationis aquæ, per canaliculum GF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002544"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002545"> Præclarum certè experimentum, quod tuam illam hypothe<lb></lb>ſim, ſaltem, vt mihi videtur, penitus deſtruit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002546"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002547"> Primo aſpectu, quaſi nodus indiſſolubilis eſſe videtur; non tamen <lb></lb>vrget; nempe cùm ſugatur canaliculus à materia tenſa per ſuperius <expan abbr="orificiũ">orificium</expan>, <lb></lb>& cùm materia æquè tenſa eſſe ſupponatur in toto recipientis ſpatio, ne-<pb pagenum="206" xlink:href="025/01/220.jpg"></pb>que hinc, neque illinc adduci poteſt; quod enim vincitur debilius eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002548"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002549"> Non ſolvis nodum; nempe à materia tenſa æquè attollitur ſu<lb></lb>perficies KI ac ſuperficies E; vnde ſi habeatur tantùm ratio vis tenſionis, <lb></lb>fateor vltro aquam in vaſe non poſſe aſſurgere, nec ſubſidere in canalicu<lb></lb>lo; at ſi accedat gravitas ſegmenti aquæ extantis in canaliculo, qua corpus <lb></lb>grave deorſum fertur, haud dubiè illa pars prævalet, cui ſocia, vel auxiliaris <lb></lb>gravitas accedit; nimirum illa, quæ ſuperficiem KI ſurſum adducit, ac proin<lb></lb>de ſuperficiem E deorſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002550"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Eò tandem hujus argumenti vis poterat promoveri; hoc tamen <lb></lb>non obſtante, ex eo ſaltem omnis difficultas ceſſare videtur; quod aqua ſub<lb></lb>ſidere non poſſit, niſi aër quoque ſubſidat; ægrè autem ſubſidere poteſt, tum <lb></lb>propter tenſionem, tum propter canaliculi anguſtias; accedit quod nullo <lb></lb>adhuc certo experimento conſtat aquam exhauſto aëre in canaliculo tan<lb></lb>tulum non ſubſidere, vt ſupra laudatus Autor vltro fatetur. </s> <s id="s.002551">Prætereà modi<lb></lb>cæ & fortè inſenſibiles bullæ, quæ vi tenſionis, ex aqua in canaliculo con<lb></lb>tenta aſſurgunt, facilè impediunt, ne aqua ſubſidat, propter adhæſionem <lb></lb>quandam partium; ſic veſica aëre plena ſurſum attollit oleum, vel aliud <lb></lb>quidpiam aqua levius, longè velociore motu, quàm ſibi ipſi relictum, in eo<lb></lb>dem medio moveretur; denique non ſemel obſervavi, medium canaliculi <lb></lb>ſegmentum aqua plenum, quæ minimè deſcendebat, licèt vis gravitatis, vi <lb></lb>poſſeſſionis deorſum accederet, ratio eſt, quia minima vis ponderis brevis <lb></lb>ſegmenti aquæ canaliculo contentæ vix ſuperare poteſt reſiſtentiam tra<lb></lb>jectionis, de qua ſupra fusè actum eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002552"><emph type="italics"></emph>Chryſocom.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002553"> Benè eſt; ſi quid fortè reſtat, ex dictis facilè intelligetur; ex<lb></lb>perimenta ab Autore ſupra laudato in lucem edita longiorem operam, <lb></lb>eamque fortè difficiliorem poſtulant, vt ad principia phyſica reducantur; <lb></lb>quare in alium congreſſum, quando vobis commodum erit, remittenda eſſe <lb></lb>putarem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002554"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002555"> Ita prorſus mihi faciendum videtur; quod verò dicis, rem diffi<lb></lb>ciliorem fore, dare profecto non poſſum; nihil enim à me lectum in dicti <lb></lb>Autoris libro, quod & ſummoperè mihi non placuerit, & ad ſuas cauſas ex <lb></lb>jactis principiis facile reduci non poſſit; quod vt palam fiat, in proximo <lb></lb>congreſſu procurabo; quem ſtatim poſt Eminentiſſimi reditum inituri ſu<lb></lb>mus; Interea mi Auguſtine, ſi quid duxeris ſcitu dignum, ex iis quæ in his <lb></lb>quatuor congreſſibus diſcuſſimus, de his, tuos illos doctiſſimos, & quos plu<lb></lb>rimi facio Academicos, certiores facias, velim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002556"><emph type="italics"></emph>Auguſtin.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002557"> Non monitus hoc facere cogitaveram, vt ſaltem videant, <lb></lb>vtrùm hæc cum accuratiſſimis illorum experimentis conſentiant; quan<lb></lb>quam de hoc vix dubito; præſertim cùm illa omnia, ſuppoſita illa materia <lb></lb>tenſa, ſatis feliciter explicueris, quæ alij accerſita vacui opera, vel compreſ<lb></lb>ſionis, vel ætheris, vel Cylindri aëris explicant, quàm ægrè ac difficulter, ex <lb></lb>dictis huc vſque ſatis ſuperque compertum vobis eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002558"><emph type="italics"></emph>Antim.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> <s id="s.002559"> Valete igitur ſelectiſſima rei litera <gap></gap> Capita, & ſi minùs expe<lb></lb>ctationi, & opinioni de me veſtræ fecerim ſat<gap></gap>, vt nugas meas nihili duca<lb></lb>tis, ita tenuitati me vestræ vltro ignoſcatis, velim. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="207" xlink:href="025/01/221.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.221.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/221/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002560"><emph type="center"></emph>Typographus Lectori.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002561"><emph type="italics"></emph>GRATVLARIS haud dubiè mihi<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> (Amice <lb></lb>Lector) <emph type="italics"></emph>quòd, contra quàm à pleriſque ſolet, <lb></lb>nihil ad hujus operis commendationem, initio <lb></lb>Præfari voluerim. </s> <s id="s.002562">Aſcititiis quippe non egent <lb></lb>pigmentis quæ per ſe pulchra, & eximia ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002563">Satis igi<lb></lb>tur habui per celebre Autoris nomen hiſce Dialogis præfigere; <lb></lb>vt te ad legendum invitarem: ratus (quod haud dubiè con<lb></lb>tigit) te ſtatim pellectum ſubtiliſſimi fœcunditate ingenij, <lb></lb>per amœnáque rerum varietate, ac expeditâ dicendi me<lb></lb>thodo irretitum, eam quam ipſe debes huic operi commenda<lb></lb>tionem facturum. </s> <s id="s.002564">Quia verò plurimùm intereſt, vt ma<lb></lb>gnorum hominum ne leviſſima quidem monumenta intereant; <lb></lb>Velímque vt etiam mihi aliquid debeas; ſubripui propemo<lb></lb>dùm, quas hic attexo, noſtri Autoris Epiſtolas, ad præſtantiſſi<lb></lb>mum, & in re literaria, curioſáque Philoſophia verſatiſſi<lb></lb>mum virum Dominum Claudium Baſſet, obſervantiſſimum, <lb></lb>& conjunctiſſimum Amicum datas. </s> <s id="s.002565">Novas exhibent Obſer<lb></lb>vationes, quæ maximè ſunt hujus loci: cum ad Saturni, Io<lb></lb>víſque ſiſtemata, & ad ea quæ duobus prioribus Dialogis <lb></lb>tractata ſunt, pertineant. </s> <s id="s.002566">Pauca hæc accipe<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> (Lector Bene<lb></lb>vole) <emph type="italics"></emph>intereà dum grandiora prodeunt ejuſdem Autoris volu<lb></lb>mina, quibus quidquid in vniverſa natura, & in omnibus <lb></lb>ferè diſciplinis reconditum eſt, novâ planè methodo, novíſque, <lb></lb>ac curioſis omninò inventis explicatur. </s> <s id="s.002567">Vale.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <pb pagenum="208" xlink:href="025/01/222.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.222.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/222/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002568"><emph type="center"></emph>PRÆSTANTISSIMO VIRO <lb></lb>CLAVDIO BASSET <lb></lb>HONORATVS FABRI. S.P.D.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002569">EX quo Dialogos meos ad te miſi, vir ornatiſſime, nonnul<lb></lb>la inter <expan abbr="obſervandũ">obſervandum</expan> mihi occurrerunt, de quibus te certio<lb></lb>rem faciendum eſſe duxi: movit me ad obſervandum, ſche<lb></lb>ma quoddam Saturnij ſytematis, æſtate præterita, in vrbe <lb></lb>à nonnullis in lucem editum, in quo cum annuli Saturnij <lb></lb>planum ab eo paralleliſmo, quem huc vſque obtinere vi<lb></lb>ſum eſt, cum Æquatoris plano, totis ferè 10. vel 11. gradibus deflexiſſe vi<lb></lb>deretur, cœlum conſulendum eſſe putavi, vt vel novum Phenomenon ne<lb></lb>gligerem, ſi ſecus probaret obſervatio, vel meo calculo donarem, ſi tale, <lb></lb>prorſus exhiberetur: ad explorandum igitur me accinxi Teleſcopio 25.Pal<lb></lb>morum adhibito, divinianis lentibus accuratiſſimè, pro more, elaboratis in<lb></lb>ſtructo: Saturnius annulus ſtatim meis oculis ita ſe ſubjecit, vt ſumma ejuſ<lb></lb>dem annuli portio ſupra ſummum globi verticem, media ferè latitudinis <lb></lb>annuli parte aſſurgeret, infra verò imam globi portionem, ima prædicti an<lb></lb>nuli deſcenderet, eo ferè modo, quo in excuſo ſchemate repræſentabatur: <lb></lb>ſed vix elapſo modico temporis ſpatio, ſummam portionem annuli infra <lb></lb>ſummam portionem globi, infimam item globi infra imam annuli deprimi, <lb></lb>clariſſimè aſpexi; vtriuſque Phenomeni facies alternis vicibus ſeſe mihi <lb></lb>exhibuit, non tantùm ſemel iterúmque, ſed toties, quoties vitrum, Satur<lb></lb>num versùs converti. </s> <s id="s.002570">Obſervavi etiam, nigras illas auriculas, ſeu lacunas <lb></lb>globum inter & annulum contentas, modò contrahi, modò explicari, con<lb></lb>trahi quidem, depreſſa ſuprema portione annuli infra ſummam globi, illa <lb></lb>verò aſſurgente, dilatari & explicari. </s> <s id="s.002571">Obſervavi præterea, projectam à glo<lb></lb>bo Saturni vmbram, ſecundùm ſolatum radium, in ſupremam portionem <lb></lb>annuli, dextrorſum ſcilicet, Ortum versùs, propter ſitum Solis Occidenta<lb></lb>lem, ita vt per planum annuli, niger tractus ire videretur, qui, vt modò ap<lb></lb>paret, ita mox expungitur, alternis vicibus, vt ſupra jam dixi. </s> <s id="s.002572">Cuncta hæc <lb></lb>cum Divino noſtro, aliiſque obſervandi peritis hominibus ſæpè ac ſæpius <lb></lb>obſervavi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002573">Nec difficilè fuit, hujus Phœnomeni cauſam indagare; ſi enim ſuppona<lb></lb>mus, huc illuc nutare ac librari planum annuli, circa majorem Diametrum <lb></lb><expan abbr="apparẽtis">apparentis</expan> ellipſeos, ſcilicet Auſtrum versùs & Boream, illa omnia haud du-<pb pagenum="209" xlink:href="025/01/223.jpg"></pb>biè ſuccedere debent; nempe vbi ſuprema portio annuli versùs Boream, ima <lb></lb>versùs Auſtrum accedit, hæc infra imam globi deſcendit, illa ſupra ſum<lb></lb>mam attollitur, explicantur lacunæ, vmbra, ſeu niger ille tractus à radiis ſo<lb></lb>laribus in planum annuli liberè appulſis expungitur; vbi verò ſuprema an<lb></lb>nuli ad Auſtrum, ima ad Boream deflectit, ſuprema globi portio ſupra ſum<lb></lb>mam annuli, infima infra infimam extat, contrahuntur lacunæ, & vmbra <lb></lb>projecta, ſecundùm nigrum tractum, planum annuli ſecat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002574">Hujus porrò nutationis, ſeu tremulæ Librationis annuli cauſa in prom<lb></lb>ptu eſt; nempe cum ea vi polleat annuli planum, qua prædictum paralleliſ<lb></lb>mum cum Æquatoris plano retineat, in toto illo declinationis tractu, tum <lb></lb>versùs Auſtrum, tum versùs boream, continuum niſum exerit, ad hunc fi<lb></lb>nem obtinendum; idque motu quodam accelerato, cujus perfectam analo<lb></lb>giam habemus in <expan abbr="funepẽdulis">funependulis</expan>, in chordis pulſatis, in reciproco Planetarum <lb></lb>motu ab Apogæo ad Perigæum, &c. </s> <s id="s.002575">Quo fit, vt terminum illum, ad quem <lb></lb>tendit, ſemper excedat, eatque ſemper, redeátque viciſſim, vt videre eſt in <lb></lb>exemplis ſupra indicatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002576">Cur verò hæc Libratio, ſeu nutatio fiat circa majorem Diametrum ap<lb></lb>parentis ellipſeos, ſatis manifeſtum eſt; cum hæc Diameter lineam mo<lb></lb>tus annuli dirigat, ac proinde eidem parallela eſſe debeat; cujus rei analo<lb></lb>giam habemus in omnibus aliis mobilibus planis; ſic enim totum annuli <lb></lb>planum eidem lineæ parallelum manet, juxta commune principium do<lb></lb>ctrinæ motuum, cujus mentionem feci in Dialogis, quo fit, vt mobile ſuo <lb></lb>nutui relictum, eo motu moveatur, quo faciliùs moveri poteſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002577">Inde autem perſpicua ratio ducitur hujus paralleliſmi, nempe planum il<lb></lb>lud parallelum eſſe debet plano illius circuli, in quo movetur, juxta prædi<lb></lb>ctum principium; ſed movetur in circulo diurno, parallelo ſcilicet Æquato<lb></lb>ris plano, quid mirum igitur, ſi planum annuli Æquatoris plano paralle<lb></lb>lum ſit: & verò inde facilis ratio ducitur, propter quam Deus Naturæ Au<lb></lb>tor planum illud annuli, in dicto ſitu, circa Saturni globum collocavit, ni<lb></lb>mirum vt viſibile argumentum oculis mortalium, fideli Teleſcopio inſtru<lb></lb>ctis ſubjiceret, contra terræ motum; nempe in eo circulo dictus annulus <lb></lb>movetur, cujus plano planum annuli parallelum eſt; cum igitur parallelum <lb></lb>ſit plano circuli diurni, & <expan abbr="planũ">planum</expan> hujus, plano Æquatoris, in circulo diurno <lb></lb>prædictus annulus movetur, non verò in Ecliptica; vnde Terræ <expan abbr="globũ">globum</expan> quieſ<lb></lb>cere, neceſſe eſt: tanti momenti fuerit, falſam illam hypotheſim deſtruere, vt <lb></lb>Divina Providentia, eam dedocere, & illius falſitatem viſibili argumento <lb></lb>Mortalibus demonſtrare dignata ſit; non eſt igitur, quod aliqui dicant, præ<lb></lb>dictum annulum commentitium eſſe, nullo vſu, commodo & fine in cœlis <lb></lb>deſcriptum; cum Deus illum, ad finem adeò nobilem & penè neceſſarium <lb></lb>condiderit, & in eo ſitu collocârit; nimirum ad errorem illum de terræ mo<lb></lb>tu multorum animis tam altè inſitum, penitùs abolendum; vnde non dubi<lb></lb>to, quin aliqui dicturi ſint, majorem illam Diametrum apparentis ellipſeos <lb></lb>plano Æquatoris, id eſt, tangenti circuli diurni punctum, in quo Saturni <lb></lb>globus ſitus eſt parallelam non eſſe: ſed noſtris, oculis credimus, inſigni <lb></lb>Teleſcopio inſtructis; acto enim tranſverſo filo non procul à lente oculari, <pb pagenum="210" xlink:href="025/01/224.jpg"></pb>reticulo item probè diviſo, immò adhibito organo, circa mundi axem ver<lb></lb>tibili, quantum perſpici & obſervari potuit, parallelam eſſe comperi<lb></lb>mus, repetita ſæpe ac ſæpius Obſervatione; accedit, quod Galileus, Gaſ<lb></lb>ſendus, Bugliardus, Ricciolus, Hugenius, prima ſcilicet rei Aſtronomicæ <lb></lb>capita, huic ſententiæ ſuffragantur; teſtes oculatos appellare poſſem, ſed ab<lb></lb>ſtineo; quia mihi, etiam non jurato, facilè fidem habebis & hæc de Saturno <lb></lb>ſint ſatis; ad Iovem orationem converto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002578">In Iovis diſco, vmbras à Iovialibus Stellis projectas videri, aliqui æſtate <lb></lb>præterita, in vrbe divulgarunt, nos illas nunquam obſervare potuimus, ne<lb></lb>que id, opinor, Teleſcopij noſtri vitio quiſpiam imputet, quod adeò probè <lb></lb>laboratum erat, vt cum Palmos 25. longum eſſet, acutiſſimam, vt vocant, <lb></lb>lentem ſuſtineret, quæ ſcilicet perſpicillo ſequi palmum longo compete<lb></lb>bat; immò fortè Stellam ipſam ſub Iovis diſco euntem, per mediam faſciam, <lb></lb>quæ paulò obſcurior eſt, tertiam præſertim cæterarum fulgentiſſimam, po<lb></lb>tiùs quàm illius vmbram videremus; nunquam tamen illam vidimus; licèt <lb></lb>nobis perinde ſit, ſive Mediceæ ſub Iovem deſcendant, ſive ſupra Iovem <lb></lb>ſemper maneant, cum æquè facilè illarum motum explicemus: Vt vt ſit, <lb></lb>intra paucos dies, Teleſcopium 60. palmos longum adhibebimus, ejuſque <lb></lb>opera, litem hanc terminabimus. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002579">In eodem Iovis diſco, tres faſcias obſervavimus, circulo diurno ferè pa<lb></lb>rallelas, quod eadem arte, de qua ſupra, exploravimus; dixi ferè, nam ver<lb></lb>sùs occaſum, quaſi in cuneum contrahuntur, vna autem præ cæteris, minùs <lb></lb>diluta & magis conſpicua, in ſemidiſco Boreali, luculentior apparet, in qua <lb></lb>duo quaſi Nodi probè rotundi apparent, à centro faſciæ hinc inde æquè <lb></lb>diſſiti, quaſi quarta parte ejuſdem longitudinis, quorum Diameter ejuſdem <lb></lb>faſciæ latitudinem ſuperat, & hinc inde tantulum extat; quid ſi fortè à non<lb></lb>nullis hi Nodi vmbrarum projectarum loco habiti ſunt; vmbræ tamen non <lb></lb>ſunt, projectæ ſcilicet à Mediceis, cum ſemper in eodem ſitu maneant, & <lb></lb>ſemper apparcant; Mediceæ verò eo ſemper loco non ſint, vt in Iovis diſ<lb></lb>cum vmbram projiciant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002580">Prædictas faſcias aliquando non videri, liquidò conſtat, ſed tantùm pro <lb></lb>vario Solis & Iovis ſitu; ex quo fit, vt ſint vmbræ projectæ à continuo tra<lb></lb>ctu altiſſimorum montium, ab ortu in occaſum excurrentium, ac ferè pa<lb></lb>rallelorum plano Æquatoris; vnde luculenter etiam deducimus, Iovem in <lb></lb>eo ſitu ſemper eſſe, juxta communem doctrinam motuum, de qua ſuprà, vt <lb></lb>circuli diurni plano prædictus montium tractus quaſi parallelus ſit, ſic enim <lb></lb>faciliùs in eo movetur, vt jam de annulo Saturnio ſupra dictum fuit. </s> <s id="s.002581">Dixi, <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>quaſi,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quia omnino parallelus non eſt, ſed Borealis faſcia versùs occaſum ad <lb></lb>alias modicum inclinat, ad inſtar cunei, vt dixi; hoc enim facilioris motus <lb></lb>ratio poſtulat, vt videre eſt, in motu navium, Avium, & omnium ferè pro<lb></lb>jectorum. </s> <s id="s.002582">Hinc autem aliud argumentum viſibile deducitur, ad demonſtran<lb></lb>dum immobilis telluris ſtatum; prædictus enim Iovialium montium ſitus <lb></lb>Iovem in circulo diurno moveri demonſtrat; en tibi alterum ſingularis Dei <lb></lb>providentiæ ſpecimen, qui cum futurum majoris Teleſcopij vſum prævi<lb></lb>deret, talem Iovialium montium tractum & ſitum eſſe voluit, vt ex vmbris <pb pagenum="211" xlink:href="025/01/225.jpg"></pb>projectis, & ſub aſpectum noſtrum adductis, majoris Teleſcopij opera, Io<lb></lb>vem in circulo diurno moveri, ac proinde terræ globum conſiſtere, homi<lb></lb>nes intelligerent: faſciarum porro limbum non rectum, ſed quaſi denticu<lb></lb>latum eſſe, nonnulli dixerunt, quod reverà ſi verum ſit, ex inæquali & aſpe<lb></lb>rato dictorum montium jugo provenit; cum inde aſperatam quoque & <lb></lb>inæqualem projectæ vmbræ marginem eſſe neceſſe ſit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002583">Quod verò ſpectat ad 4. Stellas Ioviales, ſeu Mediceas, illarum motum <lb></lb>jam ferè per 60.dies indefeſſi obſervamus, exploratis & ad certas menſuras <lb></lb>redactis iis intervallis, quibus, à Iovis diſco, ſingulis diebus recedunt, vel ad <lb></lb>illum accedunt: pro communi autem menſura Iovis Diametrum accepimus, <lb></lb>appoſito, non procul ab oculari lente, intra tubum, reticulo, ex caballinis <lb></lb>ſatis contexto, ac diviſo in 24.partes æquales, hoc eſt, in totidem lentis ſe<lb></lb>midigitos; digitum enim pro more appellare liceat duodecimam Diametri <lb></lb>lentis partem; quilibet porro ſemidigitus Diametrum diſci Iovialis adæ<lb></lb>quabat; hujus demum reticuli opera, multa accuratè obſervavimus; puta <lb></lb>diſtantias Iovialium à Iovis centro, maximam hinc inde illarum digreſſio<lb></lb>nem, integræ revolutionis periodum, & motum diurnum, ſcilicet apparen<lb></lb>tem; nullo enim alio motu gaudent, quàm eo, qui reliquis Sphæris cæleſti<lb></lb>bus competit, nimirum ab ortu in occaſum; vbi enim ſuum orbem citiùs <lb></lb>decurrunt, quàm Iupiter ſuum, hunc ſanè poſt ſe relinquunt, versùs ortum, <lb></lb>à puncto conjunctionis; vbi tardiùs; versùs ortum à Iove recedere viden<lb></lb>tur, citius verò decurrunt, à maxima digreſſione ortiva ad occiduam, per <lb></lb>Perigæum, tardiùs ab occidua ad ortivam, per Apogæum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002584">Cæterùm vnum accidit, quod multis, opinor, mirum videbitur, motum <lb></lb>ſcilicet diurnum apparentem ejuſdem Stellæ Mediceæ, in ſpatiis ferè æqua<lb></lb>libus fieri, quantum ſaltem obſervari à nobis potuit, in ea linea, quæ per <lb></lb>Iovis centrum ferè ducitur, temporibus ſcilicet æqualibus v.g. quarta Me<lb></lb>dicea, à conjunctione Apogæi, ad <expan abbr="cõjunctionem">conjunctionem</expan> Perigæi pervenit, diebus 8. <lb></lb>horis 9. min.36. & ſingulis diebus conficere videtur in linea recta per Io<lb></lb>vis centrum proximè ducta, Diametros Iovis 2 1/2. paulò plus, vnde maxima <lb></lb>illius digreſſio eſt Diametrorum Iovis 11. tertia ſingulis diebus, decurrit <lb></lb>Iovis Diametros 3 1/2. integra illius revolutio eſt, dierum 7. hor. 14. min.17. <lb></lb>maxima digreſſio, Diametrorum 6<gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.002585">Secundæ motus diurnus in eadem li<lb></lb>nea recta eſt 5. Diametr. integra revolutio dier. </s> <s id="s.002586">3. hor. 14.min. 24. maxima <lb></lb>digreſſio Diametr. 4 2/<gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.002587">primæ denique motus diurnus Diametr. 6 1/2. paulò <lb></lb>plus, maxima digreſſio Diametr. 3.integra revolutio. </s> <s id="s.002588">Dier.1.hor.18.min.30. <lb></lb>hæc obſervatio vigeſies ſaltem a nobis repetita, eodem ſemper eventu fuit; <lb></lb>& licèt interdum quarta, vel tertia Diametri parte falleret, in vitium ob<lb></lb>ſervationis facilè referri poteſt, cum de paucis dumtaxat ſecundis hoc lo<lb></lb>co agatur: in circulo, tum concentrico Iovis orbi, tum excentrico, multo <lb></lb>longiùs à vero Medicearum ſitu & loco inſtitutum calculum deflexiſſe, <lb></lb>demonſtravit eventus: non negatim tamen, circa conjunctiones, ſpatia diur<lb></lb>no illo mota paulo majora decurri; ita vt primæ Stellæ Mediceæ motus 7. <lb></lb>Diametrorum eſſe poſſit. </s> <s id="s.002589">Secundæ 5 1/2. tertiæ 4. quartæ 3. ſed parum pro <lb></lb>nihilo computatur, & ſtatim exceſſus ſequenti defectu compenſatur; cum <lb></lb>circa maximas digreſſiones, paulò minora decurrantur. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="212" xlink:href="025/01/226.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002590">Ex his colligo, Mediceas fortè moveri in axe Geminæ Parabolæ, baſe <lb></lb>communi Apogæo ad Perigæum, & viciſſim, juxta normam motus natura<lb></lb>liter accelerati & retardati; in applicatis verò, motu æquabili, ac proinde <lb></lb>non moveri in circulo circa Iovem, vt jam aliàs in opuſculo contra Hu<lb></lb>genianam aſſertionem indicavi; nempe ſi moverentur in circulo, ſpatia <lb></lb>creſcerent juxta rationem ſinuum rectorum ab Apogæo ad digreſſionem <lb></lb>ortivam, & ab hac ad Perigæum, juxta rationem ſinuum verſorum; ac proin<lb></lb>de temporibus æqualibus, inæqualia ſpatia decurrerentur in dicta linea re<lb></lb>cta. </s> <s id="s.002591">Vtrùm verò Mediceæ infra Iovem deſcendant, aliàs dubitavi, jam mi<lb></lb>hi veriſimile videtur, deſcendere, tum quia vmbra illarum in Iovis diſcum <lb></lb>projicitur, vt aliqui obſervarunt, quamvis ego non item; tum quia ex alia <lb></lb>obſervatione, hoc ipſum evinci videtur; nempe vbi Medicea ab Apogæo <lb></lb>versùs ortum progreditur, & vbi primùm apparet à limbo Iovis ortivo diſ<lb></lb>ſita eſt, non modico intervallo, vt ſæpe ac ſæpius obſervavi, elapſis proxi<lb></lb>mè Menſibus; quod certè ex Iovis vmbra provenit, ita projecta, ob Solis ſi<lb></lb>tum, vt illa dextrorſum, ortum versùs deflectat: at vbi eadem Stella ad Io<lb></lb>vis Pærigæum accedit, ſemper apparet, donec in ipſum Iovis diſcum om<lb></lb>nino immergatur, & probè illa diſcernitur, licèt limbum Iovis ortivum <lb></lb>tangat; nulla igitur vmbra occurrit; igitur ſupra Iovem non eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002592">Benè eſt, inquies, gratulor, ſententiam mutas, nempe aliàs, infra Iovem <lb></lb>ire, negabas; impugnabas item Saturnium Annulum; modò vtrumque ad<lb></lb>ſtruis. </s> <s id="s.002593">Sententiam non muto; ſentiebam enim antea, non conſtare ex obſer<lb></lb>vationibus, eò vſque mihi perſpectis, Mediceas infra Iovem deſcendere; <lb></lb>ſed jam ex novis obſeruationibus, ſecus evenit, & nova lux ex iis affulget, <lb></lb>quæ ex prioribus non affulſerat: Saturnium verò annulum omnino negaſſe <lb></lb>non memini; id enim dumtaxat à me aſſertum eſt, omnes Saturniani ſyſte<lb></lb>matis Figuras, eo vſque à variis Autoribus delineatas, adhibitis globulis, <lb></lb>explicari poſſe; hoc tamen non vetat, quin ſecus ſentiam, vbi novæ obſer<lb></lb>vationes adſunt, quales ſeſe mihi, elapſis proximè menſibus, exhibuerunt; <lb></lb>quamvis autem mihi veriſimile ſit, annulum illum Saturnio globo circum<lb></lb>ductum eſſe, & vix aliter præſens Phœnomenon explicari poſſit, ſuſtineo ta<lb></lb>men, dum Saturnus in via lactea ſitus ſit, quod reverà brevi futurum eſt, <lb></lb>redeatque ad Æquatorem, quod non niſi poſt ſeptem, vel octo annos ha<lb></lb>bituri ſumus. </s> <s id="s.002594">Sed finem Scribendi facio, vir præſtantiſſimè, ne prolixior <lb></lb>Epiſtola tibi moleſtiam afferat; aliàs plura, ſi hæc pauca grata tibi accidiſſe, <lb></lb>tuo commodo, mihi ſignificaris; interim plurimùm Vale; Scribebam in <lb></lb>vrbe Kalendis Novembris, Anni currentis æræ 1664. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="213" xlink:href="025/01/227.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.227.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/227/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002595"><emph type="center"></emph>PRÆSTANTISSIMO VIRO <emph.end type="center"></emph.end><emph type="center"></emph>CLAVDIO BASSET<emph.end type="center"></emph.end> <emph type="center"></emph>HONORATVS FABRI. S.P.D.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002596">ANTE aliquot dies, vir Præſtantiſſimè, poſtulatis tuis <lb></lb>laceſſitus, de Iovialium, ſeu Medicearum Stellarum ſy<lb></lb>ſtemate, pauca ſcripſi; jam nonnulla mihi addenda vi<lb></lb>dentur, vt res iſta paulò accuratiùs diſcuſſa reſtet. </s> <s id="s.002597">Si quid <lb></lb>poſtulaveris vltra, dabo gnavam operam, vt tibi à me illi<lb></lb>co fiat ſatis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002598">Sit ergo linea AE ducta per centrum Iovis, & vſque ad centrum terræ <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.227.2.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/227/2.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>(quam in Mundi centro ſuppono immobilem) producta; ſit A Apogæum <lb></lb>quartæ Mediceæ, E Perigæum, maxima digreſſio ortiva DF. 11. circiter <lb></lb>Diametrorum Iovis: ſuppono, prædictam Mediceam æquali cum Iove <lb></lb>motu, reali ſcilicet, circa Mundi centrum, ab ortu in occaſum moveri: & <lb></lb>quia DF continet ad ſummum 12. minuta prima, quamvis alioquin ſit ar<lb></lb>cus orbitæ Iovis, aſſumo tamen illam ad inſtar lineæ rectæ, cum phyſicè vix <lb></lb>à recta deflectat: ſuppono deinde, Iovem moveri versùs G ad occaſum & <lb></lb>& ſimul vnà cum illo, quartam Mediceam versùs H ; ſed cum hæc circu-<pb pagenum="214" xlink:href="025/01/228.jpg"></pb>lum diurnum majorem deſcribat, eam Iupiter haud dubiè antecedit, & <lb></lb>poſt ſe relinquit, versùs ortum; & perinde illa ſe habet, quò ad apparen<lb></lb>tem motum, atque ſi versùs ortum ſeu versùs T à Iove diſcedens move<lb></lb>retur: Itaque, ſi ſupponamus, vna cum Iove, moveri rectas EA, FG, cir<lb></lb>ca idem Mundi centrum, quartam Mediceam ab A versùs T, appatenti & <lb></lb>æquabili motu, ire neceſſe eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002599">Cum verò ab Apogæo A, ad mediocrem diſtantiam D motu accelera<lb></lb>to feratur, ſit datum tempus, quo ab A perveniret in T, ſi hoc dumtaxat <lb></lb>motu accelerato, item quo perveniret in T, ſi primo illo dumtaxat æqua<lb></lb>bili moveretur, haud dubiè ſi vtroque ſimul, mixto ſcilicet ex æqua<lb></lb>bili per AT, & accelerato per AD, dato illo tempore, perveniet in F, per <lb></lb>ſemiparabolam ACF, cujus axis eſt AD, & baſis DF. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002600">Si autem datum illud tempus in duo tempora æqualia dividatur; cer<lb></lb>tè primo tempore, totius prioris dimidio, motu accelerato, acquiret AB, <lb></lb>quæ eſt <gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.002601">AD, iuxta doctrinam motuum; & ducta applicata BC, cum <lb></lb>perpendiculari NC, motu illo æquabili æquiret AN, dimidiam AT, <lb></lb>vel DF ; quia vt AD ad AB, ita Quadratum DF ad Quadratum BC ; <lb></lb>igirur motu mixto ex vtroque, acquiret AC; ſecundo verò tempore, pri<lb></lb>mo motu acquiret, BD altero NT, mixto ex vtroque CF, demiſſa por<lb></lb>rò perpendiculati NCS, licet Medicea ſit reverà in C, tranſacto primo <lb></lb>tempore, videtur tamen in S ; quia hæc in eodem proximè cum Iove pla<lb></lb>no movetur; igitur ita re videtur apparenti motu per rectam DF, ſcilicet <lb></lb>proximè, vt temporibus æqualibus, æqualia ferè ſpatia decurrat, quod certè <lb></lb>noſtris obſervationibus toties repetitis mirificè conſentit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002602">Vbi autem Medicea pervenit in F, <expan abbr="æqualẽ">æqualem</expan> cum Iove orbem decurrit; igi<lb></lb>tur æquè citò, nec ab eo vltra regreditur; quia tamen ab hac mediocri <lb></lb>diſtantia, tendit ad Perigæum E, motu retardato, circulum diurnum, diurno <lb></lb>Iovis minorem deſcribere incipit; citiùs igitur illum abſolvit; vnde ver<lb></lb>sùs occaſum, ad Iovem accedat, neceſſe eſt; & cum juxta doctrinam mo<lb></lb>tuum, quo tempore, motu naturaliter accelerato, datum ſpatium decurri<lb></lb>tur, æquale huic, retardato percurratur; certè, quo tempore ab A pervenit <lb></lb>in F, motu mixto ex accelerato & æquabili, ab F pervenit in E motu mix<lb></lb>to ex retardato & æquabili; & quo tempore à C pervenit in F, & ab A in <lb></lb>C; ab F pervenit in Z, & à Z in E, quod eſt Perigæum; eodem modo ab E <lb></lb>pervenit in G, mixto ex accelerato & æquabili, & à G in A mixto ex re<lb></lb>tardato & æquabili. </s> <s id="s.002603">Sic habes duas Parabolas AFEG, communi baſi <lb></lb>FG. </s> <s id="s.002604">Sed vt aliquid de calculatione Iovialium dicam: ſuppono; integram <lb></lb>revolutionem quartæ Mediceæ abſolvi diebus 16. hor.19.min.12. ſeu mi<lb></lb>nutis 24192. accipio quartam partem, ſcilicet 6043. quibus ab A venit in <lb></lb>F. ſuppono igitur DF diviſam in partes æquales 6048. item DG; ſuppo<lb></lb>no demum certam Epocham, id eſt certum temporis punctum, quo Medi<lb></lb>ceam eſſe in Apogæo A, conſtet; & ab eo tot dies fluxiſſe, puta 7. id eſt <lb></lb>min. 10080. divido hunc numerum per 6043. & venit quotiens I cum re<lb></lb>ſiduo 4032. Vnde colligo, Mediceam decurriſſe ſemel DF, & ab F versùs <lb></lb>D, confeciſſe 4032. partes, quibus ſubtractis ex 6048. ſuperſunt 2016.hæc <pb pagenum="215" xlink:href="025/01/229.jpg"></pb>erit applicata, quæ ad locum Mediceæ quæſitum terminatur: vnde habeo <lb></lb>diſtantiam ab E Perigæo nempe ſit vt DF, ad applicatam juventam, ſcili<lb></lb>cet 6048. ad 2016. ita hæc ad tertiam; certè vt erit DF ad illam tertiam, <lb></lb>id eſt, vt Quadratum 6048. ad Quadratum 2016. ita DE ad aliam, quæ <lb></lb>erit menſura diſtantiæ à Perigæo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002605">Si verò quotiens ſit major 4. & ſit v.g. 7. cum reſiduo 3000. ſubtra<lb></lb>ctis 4. ex 7. ſuperſunt 3. & 3000. partes, aſſumendæ à puncto G in D, vt <lb></lb>habeatur locus Mediceæ quæſitus, ſi quotiens ſit 9. plus 5000. ſubtra<lb></lb>ctis 4. ex 9, bis, ſupereſt 1. plus 5000. aſſumendæ ab F versùs D ; pro qui<lb></lb>bus eodem modo quo ſupra calculus procedet: immò Gemina Parabola <lb></lb>AFEG in 12. Signa dividi poſſet, aſſumptis tamen gradibus æqualibus <lb></lb>in rectis FD, GD. eadem ratio facit pro aliis Mediceis, & hoc vnum <lb></lb>dumtaxat diſcrimen eſt, quod iſtæ minores Parabolas, concentricas tamen <lb></lb>majori deſcribant, & quod ſingularum diverſa ſit periodus maxima item <lb></lb>digreſſio diverſa. </s> <s id="s.002606">Ex dictis quædam deduco, & in certa capita diſtingo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002607">Primò, Diametri Iovis eadem ſemper menſura non eſt; hæc enim mi<lb></lb>nor eſt, Iove ad Apogæum, major verò, ad Perigæum accedente, idque <lb></lb>ex communi Opticæ regula; propiora enim ſub majore angulo videntur; <lb></lb>hinc idem reticulum vtroque tempore adhibitum fallit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002608">Secundò, Hinc etiam maximæ digreſſionis menſura minor apparet, <lb></lb>Iove non procul ab Apogæo ſito, major verò, dum hic ad Perigæum <lb></lb>accedit, propter eandem rationem; hoc tamen non facit, vt ejuſdem Me<lb></lb>diceæ maxima digreſſio modò plures, modò pauciores Iovis Diametros <lb></lb>contineat; creſcit enim & decreſcit vtraque proportionaliter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002609">Tertiò, Facit tamen altitudinis Planetæ differentia, vt tardiùs Iupiter in <lb></lb>circulo diurno moveri videatur, quando accedit ad Apogæum ; velociùs ve<lb></lb>rò, ad Perigæum; quia idem ſpatium in majore circulo minorem arcum <lb></lb>continet, in minore, majorem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002610">Quartò, Methodus illa ſtatuendi veram diſtantiam Mediceæ à centro <lb></lb>Iovis, numeratis funependuli vibrationibus, ad definiendum tempus, <lb></lb>quo ſpatium interjectum decurritur, ex duplici capite fallit; primò quia <lb></lb>fortè omnes illæ vibrationes Iſochronæ non ſunt; ſecundò quia quò Iupi<lb></lb>ter altior eſt, dato tempore, in circulo diurno, minorem arcum conficit; re<lb></lb>ſtat igitur, prædictam diſtantiæ menſuram, adhibito reticulo, longè me<lb></lb>liùs & accuratiùs conſtitui. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002611">Quintò, Maxima Mediceæ digreſſio duobus modis à me ſtatuitur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002612">Primò dato motu diurno, data etiam ſpatiorum æqualium, hoc motu <lb></lb>confectorum juſta menſura; dato demum Mediceæ ad maximam digreſ<lb></lb>ſionem proximè accedentis obſervato loco, puta in Y, ſeptima poſt Me<lb></lb>ridiem hora, die ſequenti; eadem hora, dicta Medicea ſit in X ; divi<lb></lb>datur YX, in P, tum aſſumpta PF æquali dimidiæ motus diurni men<lb></lb>ſuræ; erit F maximæ digreſſionis quæſitus limes. </s> <s id="s.002613">Secundò obſervato <lb></lb>emerſionis ex vmbra projecta momento; v.g. ſit vmbra projecta DK, <lb></lb>& Medicea, vbi primùm emergit ex vmbra, videatur in M, habetur di<lb></lb>ſtantia MD, quæ eſt baſis trianguli DK M, habetur etiam angulus DKM; <pb pagenum="216" xlink:href="025/01/230.jpg"></pb>quia cognoſcitur locus, tum Solis, tum Iovis; habentur igitur alia late<lb></lb>ra trianguli; habetur igitur DK, radius Epicycli Mediceæ ; hæc autem <lb></lb>maximæ digreſſionis menſura vulgò ponitur : ſed profectò fallit; quia <lb></lb>cum bis ac tertiò obſervarim quartam Mediceam emergentem, & accura<lb></lb>tè meritus fuerim illius diſtantiam, eo temporis momento, à centro Iovis, <lb></lb>puta MD, certè DK longè minor evaſit, quam DF ; hic ergo modus, vt <lb></lb>fallax, rejiciendus eſt. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002614">Sextò, Rectè autem deduco, Mediceam non moveri in circulo circa <lb></lb>Iovem, non modò ex ſpatiis æqualibus, diurno motu confectis à Medi<lb></lb>cea, in recta FG, ſi enim ex Apogæo G, per Quadrantem circuli GPE, <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.230.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/230/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ire ſupponatur, aſſumptis arcubus æqualibus GMPRE, ductiſque re<lb></lb>ctis MZ, PY, RV parallelis GA, videbitur decurrere ſpatia AZYVE <lb></lb>omnino inæqualia: ſed æqualibus temporibus æqualia decurrere vide<lb></lb>tur; igitur non modo ex ſpatiis æqualibus, æquali tempore, in recta per <lb></lb>centrum Iovis eunte, à Medicea decurſis, deduco, illam non moveri in <lb></lb>circulo circa Iovem, ſed etiam ex eo quod, primùm emergens minùs di<lb></lb>ſtet à centro Iovis, quàm diſtare deberet, cùm enim diſtantia Iovis <lb></lb>à terra ſit ferè quintupla diſtantiæ Solis, ac proinde angulus maxi<lb></lb>mæ Proſthaphæreſeos ſit ferè 11. grad. min. 32. Sit centrum Iovis A, <lb></lb>maxima digreſſio quartæ Mediceæ AE. 11. circiter Diametrorum Iovis, <lb></lb>vt mihi conſtat ex multis obſervationibus, ſit Quadrans ortivus Epiclyci <lb></lb>GE, & Apogæum G, ſit angulus GAK 11. grad.min. 32. ſit BA Semi<lb></lb>diameter Iovis, ducatur BL parallela AK, item NS, ſectio vmbræ pro<lb></lb>jectæ erit Parallelogramma NL, diſtante Sole versùs occaſum grad. 78. <lb></lb>min. 28. in quo puncto angulus Proſthaphæreſeos eſt 11. grad. min. 32. <lb></lb>igitur in L eſt punctum emerſionis quartæ Mediceæ ; demittatur LD, Me<lb></lb>dicea primùm emergens videbitur in D ; continet autem DA Diametros <lb></lb>Iovis 2 <gap></gap>. </s> <s id="s.002615">Sed contrarium, repetitis obſervationibus, comperi, ſcilicet quar<lb></lb>tam Mediceam primùm emergentem ex vmbra projecta, à Iovis centro viæ <lb></lb>diſtare duabus integris Diametris. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="217" xlink:href="025/01/231.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002616">Septimò, Præterea dum ex puncto A primum emergeret, ac deinde ar<lb></lb>cum HS, decurreret, qui continet Diametrum 1 1/5. ac denuo immergere<lb></lb>tur in puncto S, ac proinde tunc diſtaret à centro Iovis, Diametr. 1 1/5. dato <lb></lb>quod AK eſſet 11. Diametror. </s> <s id="s.002617">at ſecus accidit obſervanti; illud enim ſe<lb></lb>cundæ immerſionis punctum à centro Iovis minùs diſtabat. </s> <s id="s.002618">Obſervatio ce<lb></lb>lebris fuit Die 23. Septembr. hujus Anni 1664. Hor.poſt Merid.6. min.46. <lb></lb>circiter: vbi enim aſpexi quartam Mediceam ex vmbra primùm emergen<lb></lb>tem, illa haud dubiè à Iovis centro vix diſtabat Diametr. 1 1/2. tum au<lb></lb>tem aderant, præter Euſtachium noſtrum, duo viri præſtantiſſimi, & rerum <lb></lb>iſtarum peritiſſimi, ſcilicet D. </s> <s id="s.002619">Ciampinus & D. Lucius. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002620">Octavò, Hinc autem axem parabolæ, quam Epicycli loco ſubſtitui poſ<lb></lb>ſe, jam ſupra ſignificavi, habere poſſum; aſſumpta enim AC Diametr. 1 1/2. <lb></lb>& ducta CT parallela AG, ſit vt AE ad AC, ita hæc ad tertiam, ſitque <lb></lb>vt differentia hujus tertiæ & AE, ad CT, ita AE ad AX, hæc eſt axis <lb></lb>Parabolæ; eſt autem AC ad CT, vt BD ad DL. pro aliis Mediceis, ea<lb></lb>dem ratio facit. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002621">Nonò, Scio, eſſe nonnullos, qui excentricos adhibent, quorum centrum <lb></lb>ſit versùs ortum, vel occaſum; ſed profectò maxima digreſſio æqualis vtrim<lb></lb>que ſemper à me obſervata eſt, ejuſdem ſcilicet Mediceæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002622">Decimò, Quod ſpectat ad latitudinem Medicearum, certò conſtat, ex <lb></lb>obſervationibus, eas non videri ſemper in eadem linea, per centrum Iovis <lb></lb>ducta, id eſt, in eodem plano Iovialis orbitæ; vnde aliqui epicyclos adhi<lb></lb>bent, à prædictæ orbitæ plano declinantes; ſed, ni fallor, perperam; cum <lb></lb>ſæpè accidat, eandem Mediceam in eadem à centro Iovis diſtantia, ſive ad <lb></lb>ortum, ſive ad occaſum, modò versùs Boream, modò versùs Auſtrum decli<lb></lb>nare, modò in linea, per centrum Iovis ducta, abſque vlla declinatione, ſi<lb></lb>tam eſſe: hoc autem ex eo procedit, quod Medicea niſum exerat, adhoc vt <lb></lb>ſemper in eo plano verſetur, ac proinde ratione motus accelerati & retar<lb></lb>dati, lineam ſuperet, & modò huc, modò illuc declinet: ſed hujus declina<lb></lb>tionis limes nondum perſpectus eſt, nec periodus comperta; quare accu<lb></lb>ratiori opus eſt indagine. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002623">Vndecimò, Medicea non movetur in Epicyclo, reali motu, quod facilè <lb></lb>demonſtratur; ſit enim quarta Medicea in Apogæo G.movetur versùs or<lb></lb>tum, & diurno motu acquirit in linea AE Diametros Iovis 2 1/2.id eſt min.2. <lb></lb>ſec.4ò. </s> <s id="s.002624">Iupiter verò ſingulis annis, ortum versùs acquirit 30.grad.circiter <lb></lb>ſingulis menſibus grad. 2. 3ò, ſingulis diebus min. 5. igitur Medicea <lb></lb>primo die recederet à Iovis centro min. 2. 2ò, versùs occaſum: de<lb></lb>fertur, inquies, à Iove centrum Epicycli; ſed profectò deferri nequit, niſi <lb></lb>ſolidum ſupponas: annulum fortè ſolidum accerſes, cui Medicea affixa ſit, <lb></lb>vt in Saturno; fateor, hoc dici poſſe, modò dictus annulus nihil prorſus lu<lb></lb>minis reflectat; obſtat tamen allata ſupra ſpatiorum æqualium motu diur<lb></lb>no acquiſitorum ratio, niſi parabolam ponas. </s> <s id="s.002625">Sed longè facilius dictu eſt, <lb></lb>Iovem & Mediceam æquali motu moveri, eoque ſimpliciſſimo, occaſum <lb></lb>versùs; ac proinde illam versùs occaſum ire apparenter, à puncto maximæ <lb></lb>digreſſionis ortivæ, ad punctum maximæ occiduæ; & ab hac, ad illam, ver-<pb pagenum="218" xlink:href="025/01/232.jpg"></pb>sùs ortum; quia majorem orbem deſcribit ab occidua ad ortivam, mino<lb></lb>rem verò, ab ortiva ad occiduam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002626">Duodecimò, Locorum longitudo facilè haberi poteſt ex immerſione, vel <lb></lb>emerſione Medicearum, ſi à duobus, vel pluribus, eadem nocte, in diverſis <lb></lb>locis obſerventur; idque faciliùs, quàm ex Lunari, aut Solari deliquio: tum <lb></lb>quia hæc deliquia rariùs accidunt; tum quia minùs timendum eſt à Para<lb></lb>laxi, propter altitudinem, tum demum quia, cum ferè ad inſtar puncti ap<lb></lb>pareant, nullam temporis moram obſervatio deſiderat. </s> <s id="s.002627">Hæc ſunt vir præ<lb></lb>ſtantiſſimè, quæ addenda eſſe judicavi. </s> <s id="s.002628">Vale Scribebam Romæ 4. Kalen<lb></lb>das Decembris Anno 1664. <lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.232.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/232/1.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/233.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.233.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/233/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002629"><emph type="center"></emph>INDEX RERVM, <lb></lb>QVÆ HOC LIBRO <lb></lb>continentur.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002630"><emph type="center"></emph>A<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002631"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Acceleratio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002632">ACCELERATIO gravium, quâ proportione fiat. <emph type="italics"></emph>Pag.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>66. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002633">Pro proportione Arithmetica. </s> <s id="s.002634">67.68 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002635">Acceleratio, & Retrogradatio Saturni, & Martis. </s> <s id="s.002636">9. <lb></lb>10. 11. & 15 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002637">Aqua deſcendit in canali declini motu accelerato, & quo<lb></lb>modo. </s> <s id="s.002638">59 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002639"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>ACTIO.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002640">Cauſa interdum potentiùs agit quando magis impeditur. </s> <s id="s.002641">52 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002642"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Æquinoctium.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002643">Præceſſio Æquinoctiorum. </s> <s id="s.002644">88 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002645">Cur in Æquinoctiis æſtus maris ſit major. </s> <s id="s.002646">1.48 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002647"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Aër.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002648">Quam Figuram accipiat aër in tubo vitreo dum ſurſum extruditur ab aqua <lb></lb>per ſpiras deſcendente. </s> <s id="s.002649">50.51 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002650">Cur ſuperior ejus pars Convexo ſphærica; baſis verò plana. </s> <s id="s.002651">ibid. </s> <s id="s.002652">Quo<lb></lb>modo aër per oleum & aquam aſcendat. </s> <s id="s.002653">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002654">Non poſſet quis vivere in magno vaſe aëre pleno inverſo, & immerſo <lb></lb>profundo Mari. </s> <s id="s.002655">97 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002656">Aër & aqua ex Ariſtotele gravitant. </s> <s id="s.002657">98. Cur non ſentimus aëris pondus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002658">152. 118. Quomodo aër per mediam aquam aſcendat, & quæ illius <lb></lb>Figura. </s> <s id="s.002659">99. 100 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002660">Quò major eſt portio aëris per mediam aquam aſcendentis, eò magis ad <lb></lb>globi Figuram accedit. </s> <s id="s.002661">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002662">Aër eſt medium commune terreſtri, ac cœleſtibus globis. </s> <s id="s.002663">104 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/234.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002664">Aëris portio grauitat verſus Cœleſtes globos quos ambit. </s> <s id="s.002665">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002666">Aër ſurſum ab aqua extruditur. </s> <s id="s.002667">100.101 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002668">Cur eadem aëris portio in tubo anguſtiore tardius, in laxiore citiùs aſcen<lb></lb>dat.101.Cur in eodem tubo modica portio aëris citiùs aſcendat, quàm <lb></lb>major. </s> <s id="s.002669">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002670">Aëris per aquam & oleum aſcendentis Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.002671">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002672">Aër gravior eſt in Plenilunio, & cur? </s> <s id="s.002673">111 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002674">Aër hujus infimæ Regionis compreſſus eſt vi ponderis innitentis. </s> <s id="s.002675">117.118 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002676">Altitudo aëris in terram gravitantis. </s> <s id="s.002677">ibid. </s> <s id="s.002678">Proportio ponderis aëris ad <lb></lb>aquam. </s> <s id="s.002679">119 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002680">Totus aër non gravitat communi gravitatione in quodlibet corporis ſub<lb></lb>jecti punctum, nec habet commune grauitatis centrum. </s> <s id="s.002681">172 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002682">De Aëris inferioris compreſſione, ac dilatatione. </s> <s id="s.002683">182.190.191. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002684"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Æſtus Maris.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002685">Æſtus Maris quomodo explicetur in ſententia Copernici. </s> <s id="s.002686">30. Exploditur <lb></lb>hæc ſententia. </s> <s id="s.002687">30. 31. 56. 57. 58. 61. 62. & 64. Variæ de Maris æſtu <lb></lb>ſententiæ. </s> <s id="s.002688">92. Illius periodi. </s> <s id="s.002689">93 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002690">Æſtus Maris in Novilunio, & Plenilunio. </s> <s id="s.002691">75. Quomodo fiat Matis æſtus <lb></lb>93. Opinio Carteſij de Æſtu Maris improbatur & impugnatur. </s> <s id="s.002692">35. <lb></lb>Æſtus Maris non oritur à motu terræ. </s> <s id="s.002693">44 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002694">Novus modus explicandi Æſtum Maris per inæqualitatem preſſionum <lb></lb>aëris. </s> <s id="s.002695">107.108.109.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002696">Quomodo fieret æſtus, ſi tota ſuperficies terreſtris globi eſſet aquea. </s> <s id="s.002697">109. <lb></lb>110. & 111 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002698">Cur in Plenilunio maximus æſtus contingat. </s> <s id="s.002699">112.113.& 114 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002700">Quo tempore fieri ſoleat in variis locis maximus æſtus. </s> <s id="s.002701">115 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002702">Nullum animal ex Plinio poſt Ariſtotelem niſi recedente æſtu expirat, & <lb></lb>Cur. </s> <s id="s.002703">119. & 120 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002704">Qualis ſit Maris æſtus in punctis Cardinalibus, ſcilicet in Æquinoctiis, & <lb></lb>Solſtitiis. </s> <s id="s.002705">123.& 124 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002706">Vnde contingant diverſitates æſtuum, ac mutationes, quæ in variis locis <lb></lb>globi terraquei contingunt. </s> <s id="s.002707">125.128.129.135.136.& 137 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002708">Cur in Mari Mediterraneo, aliiſque nonnullis æſtus non attollatur. </s> <s id="s.002709">132 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002710">Æſtuum concurſus, vbi & quomodo contingat. </s> <s id="s.002711">134. & 135 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002712">Cur minor ſit Æſtus Luna exiſtente in Apogæo. </s> <s id="s.002713">138 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002714">Cur alibi velociùs, & raptiùs, alibi ſenſim Æſtus currat. </s> <s id="s.002715">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002716">Cur alicubi breuiore tempore aſſurgat; alicubi verò plus temporis ponat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002717">142.& 143 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002718">Vtrum eâdem ſemper horâ Meridianâ Lunari ſummus Æſtus fiat, & quæ <lb></lb>in diverſis littoribus varietas. </s> <s id="s.002719">144 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002720">Cur dum Æſtus aſſurgit, ſub initium, & finem, minoribus crementis aſ<lb></lb>ſurgat; majoribus verò ſub medium. </s> <s id="s.002721">147.& 148 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002722">Et quâ proportione id fiat. </s> <s id="s.002723">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002724">Cur in Æquinoctiis Æſtus major ſit. </s> <s id="s.002725">148 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002726">Objectiones contra novam ſententiam de Æſtu Maris. </s> <s id="s.002727">151.152.153.&c. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/235.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002728"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Animal.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002729">Cur Animal per declivem collem currens gradum ſiſtere nequeat. </s> <s id="s.002730">59.& 60 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002731">Nullum Animal, ex Plinio, poſt Ariſtotelem, niſi recedente Æſtu, expirat, <lb></lb>& Cur? </s> <s id="s.002732">119.& 120 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002733"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Annulus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002734">Annulus Saturnius à Chriſtiano Hugenio, inventus penitus evertit Co<lb></lb>pernicanum ſyſtema. </s> <s id="s.002735">91 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002736">Annuli Saturnij nova obſervatio, ejuſque deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.002737">218 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002738">Tremula libratio Annuli, ejuſque cauſa. </s> <s id="s.002739">219 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002740">Reliqua ejuſdem Annuli Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.002741">218. & 219 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002742"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Anomalia.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002743">Motus Anomaliæ Solis. </s> <s id="s.002744">20 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002745"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Apogaum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002746">Apogæum, & Perigæum Martis. </s> <s id="s.002747">14 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002748">Motus Apogæi Martis, Iovis & Saturni. </s> <s id="s.002749">21 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002750">Apogæa, & Perigæa explicantur per ſimplicem motum æquabilem reali<lb></lb>ter, & ſolùm apparenter inæqualem. </s> <s id="s.002751">26 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002752">Cur minor ſit æſtus Maris, Lunâ exiſtente in Apogæo. </s> <s id="s.002753">138 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002754"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Aqua.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002755">Qua proportione Aqua intra tubum ejiciatur, per fiſtulam infra poſitam. </s> <s id="s.002756">96 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002757">Duplum Aquæ pondus non habet duplam vim motus; alioqui duplæ cau<lb></lb>ſæ quadruplex eſſet effectus. </s> <s id="s.002758">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002759">Quomodo, & cur Aqua intra tubum deſcendat per ſpiſſiores primùm, dein<lb></lb>de per diſtractiores ſpiras. </s> <s id="s.002760">35.36.37.& 39 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002761">Motus Aquæ intra concham motam. </s> <s id="s.002762">58 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002763">Quomodo libretur intra majorem, vel minorem circulum. </s> <s id="s.002764">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002765">Quomodo Aqua deſcendat in canali declivi, motu accelerato, ſurſumque <lb></lb>per molliorem deflexionem aſcendat. </s> <s id="s.002766">59 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002767">Quomodo moveatur Aqua in concha vectâ navi 65 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002768">Cur Aqua intra tubum ſpiratim deſcendat. </s> <s id="s.002769">99 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002770">Proportio ponderis Aquæ ad Mercurium. </s> <s id="s.002771">119 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002772">Aqua in vaſe cui annexus eſt Canaliculus, minus aſſurgit per canaliculum, <lb></lb>eo tempore quo tumet æſtus, ſeu cum Luna eſt in Meridiano; plus verò <lb></lb>tempore quo 90. gradibus diſtat. </s> <s id="s.002773">121 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002774">Cur Aqua, quæ ſurſum extruditur, dilatetur; quæ verò ſua ſponte deſcen<lb></lb>dit, contrahatur. </s> <s id="s.002775">127 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002776">Per breviorem fiſtulam foramini admotam, Aqua velociùs extruditur, & <lb></lb>qua proportione. </s> <s id="s.002777">138.139 & 140 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002778">Proportio hujuſmodi fiſtulæ ad aquam educendam. </s> <s id="s.002779">140.& 141 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002780">Aqua ſuo pondere dilatat aërem. </s> <s id="s.002781">195.& 196 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002782">Cur Aqua in voraginibus ſpiratim deſcendat. </s> <s id="s.002783">40 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002784"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Arcus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002785">Cur Arcus tenſus tantâ vi redeat, ac ſeſe reſtituat. </s> <s id="s.002786">189 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002787"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Argentum Vivum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002788">Ex gravitatione aëris, non ſequitur elevatio Mercurij in tubo Vitreo, jux-<pb xlink:href="025/01/236.jpg"></pb>ta celebre experimentum. </s> <s id="s.002789">118.& 119 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002790">Proportio ponderis aquæ ad Mercurium. </s> <s id="s.002791">119 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002792">Non ſuſtinetur Mercurius in tubo vitreo ab aëri compreſſo. </s> <s id="s.002793">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002794">Lunâ exiſtente in Meridiano, Mercurij ſuperficies intra tubum juxta cele<lb></lb>bre experimentum magis deprimitur, quàm cum Luna diſtat à Meridia<lb></lb>no 90. gradibus. </s> <s id="s.002795">122 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002796">Argentum vivum intra prælongum tubum, omnino plenum, inverſo ſupe<lb></lb>riore oſtio intra aliud Argentum vivum ſtagnans in ſubjecto vaſe, deſ<lb></lb>cendit, & ſtat ſemper ad altitudinem pedum duorum 2/4. vel 1/3. 183 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002797">Torricellius eſt primus auctor illius experimenti. </s> <s id="s.002798">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002799">Phænomena Mercurij decidentis, & ad certam altitudinem intra tubum <lb></lb>ſtantis. </s> <s id="s.002800">183.184.186. & 187. Spatium relictum à Mercurio in memo<lb></lb>ratis experimentis, non eſt vacuum. </s> <s id="s.002801">184.185.197.198.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002802">Argentum vivum libratum, ac ſuſpenſum intra tubum Vitreum non ſu<lb></lb>ſtentatur à Cylindro aëris ambientis. </s> <s id="s.002803">192.193.194.198.200. & 201 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002804">Non truditur etiam deorſum ab aëre incluſo. </s> <s id="s.002805">194.195 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002806">Variæ rationes hujus Phænomeni. </s> <s id="s.002807">196.197 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002808">Spatium relictum ab Argento vivo in memoraris experimentis plenum <lb></lb>eſt materiâ ſubtili, eâ que valde tensâ, 198.205.& 206. Cur aqua in illis <lb></lb>experimentis non deſcendat, Mercurius verò deſcendat. </s> <s id="s.002809">201 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002810">Cur Argentum vivum verò deſcendat potiùs in ſummitate montis quàm <lb></lb>in ima valle. </s> <s id="s.002811">201. & 202 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002812"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Argumentum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002813">Leviora Copernici Argumenta pro motu terræ ſoluta. </s> <s id="s.002814">3 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002815">Alia ejuſdem, gravioraque Argumenta. </s> <s id="s.002816">3. 4. Solutiones ad omnia Co<lb></lb>pernicanorum Argumenta, deinceps toto Dialogo Primo. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002817"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ariſtoteles.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002818">Nonnulli Ariſtotelis errores. </s> <s id="s.002819">98. Multa habet libris de Cœlo, quæ cum <lb></lb>veritate minùs conſentiunt.98. Mutaſſet ſententiam de ſoliditate Cœ<lb></lb>lorum, & de totâ ferè Doctrinâ ſyderum, ſi hodiernas obſervationes <lb></lb>habuiſſet. </s> <s id="s.002820">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002821">Docet Ariſtoteles aërem & aquam in ſuis locis pondus habere, non le<lb></lb>vitatem. </s> <s id="s.002822">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002823"><emph type="center"></emph>B<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002824"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Boyle.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002825">EXperimenta Roberti Boyle. </s> <s id="s.002826">185. Redditur illorum ratio. </s> <s id="s.002827">187. 188. <lb></lb>189. 191.192. &c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002828"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Bulla.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002829">Bullæ, ſeu ampullæ tornantur ab aëre preſſo, tum interiore, tum exte<lb></lb>riore. </s> <s id="s.002830">175 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/237.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002831"><emph type="center"></emph>C<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002832"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Calamus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002833">CVr atramenti gutta, cum primùm extremitate roſtri calami hume<lb></lb>ctati attingitur, illico cavum roſtrum impleat, quod etiam fit in <lb></lb>aliis liquoribus. </s> <s id="s.002834">165.166 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002835">Cur Calamus volatilis, Italicè <emph type="italics"></emph>Grillo<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> dictus, impreſſo per rectam lineam <lb></lb>impetu ſpirali motu feratur. </s> <s id="s.002836">39.40 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002837"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Centrum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002838">Plurima ſunt gravium Centra. </s> <s id="s.002839">105. Aër non habet commune gravitatis <lb></lb>Centrum. </s> <s id="s.002840">172 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002841">Centrum Terræ rectè dicitur à Philoſopho, eſſe idem cum centro Vniver<lb></lb>ſi, versùs quod tendunt gravia, & quomodo id ſit intelligendum. </s> <s id="s.002842">105 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002843"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Circulus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002844">Circulus non poteſt dici Polygonum. </s> <s id="s.002845">55.56 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002846"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Cœlum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002847">Cœleſtia corpora ex noſtris Elementis conflata ſunt. </s> <s id="s.002848">106 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002849">Cœlum fluidum eſt, & obnoxium corruptionibus. </s> <s id="s.002850">98.99 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002851"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Concha.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002852">Motus aquæ intra Concham motam. </s> <s id="s.002853">58 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002854">Quomodo moveatur aqua in Conchâ vectâ navi. </s> <s id="s.002855">65 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002856"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Conjunctio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002857">Conjunctio, & Oppoſitio Martis, & Solis. </s> <s id="s.002858">14.15 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002859"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Copernicus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002860">In Hypotheſi Copernicanâ cuncta ferè gratis adſtruuntur. </s> <s id="s.002861">83.84.& 85 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002862">Explicantur multa Phænomena juxta ſententiam Copernici. </s> <s id="s.002863">85.86 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002864">Impugnatur ſyſtema Copernici ab æſtu Maris. </s> <s id="s.002865">56.&c.76 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002866"><emph type="italics"></emph>Vide<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Argumentum, Motus, Sol, Terra, &c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002867"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Currus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002868">Cur majoribus rotis Currus inſtruatur. </s> <s id="s.002869">50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002870"><emph type="italics"></emph>Vide<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Rota, Vectis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002871"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Cyclois.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002872">Quomodo ex motu Rotæ formetur Cyclois. </s> <s id="s.002873">53.54 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002874">Stephanus de Angelis laudat opuſculum Antimi Fabrij de Cycloide. </s> <s id="s.002875">54 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002876"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Cylindrus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002877">Quomodo Cylindrus vel in plano lævigato, vel humido innatans move<lb></lb>retur. </s> <s id="s.002878">47.48 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002879"><emph type="center"></emph>D<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002880"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Dies.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002881">VNde petatur Dierum inæqualitas. </s> <s id="s.002882">16 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/238.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002883"><emph type="center"></emph>E<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002884"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Electrum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002885">VIs Electrica in quo poſita ſit. </s> <s id="s.002886">Vide <emph type="italics"></emph>Succinum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> 176 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002887"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Epicyclus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002888">Lunaris motus realis explicatur ſine Epicyclo. </s> <s id="s.002889">76 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002890"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Eurippus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002891">Cur perniciſſimi ſint Euripporum motus. </s> <s id="s.002892">132 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002893">Vnde Eurippus ille mirabilis in Freto Siculo. </s> <s id="s.002894">133.134 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002895">Eurippus Græciæ ad Euboëam, non ſepties, ſed bis tantùm quot diebus <lb></lb>fluit, ac refluit. </s> <s id="s.002896">Cur, & Quomodo? </s> <s id="s.002897">150.151 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002898"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Experimentum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002899">Experimentum quo probatur, levia non aſcendere ſuâ ſponte. </s> <s id="s.002900">103 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002901">Aliud experimentum ad idem evincendum. </s> <s id="s.002902">103.104 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002903">Experimenta de aquâ, ſuprà libellam in Canaliculo aſcendente. </s> <s id="s.002904">157 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002905">Explicantur illa experimenta. </s> <s id="s.002906">161 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002907">Plurima ſuccini experimenta. </s> <s id="s.002908">176.177.178.179.& 180 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002909">Experimenta de Mercurio intra prælongum tubum vitreum decidente, & <lb></lb>ad certam altitudinem ſtante, relicto ſpatio apparenter inani. </s> <s id="s.002910">183.184. <lb></lb>186.& 187 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002911"><emph type="center"></emph>F<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002912"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Faſciæ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002913">IN Iovis diſco Faſciæ obſervatæ, circulo diurno parallelæ. </s> <s id="s.002914">220. Eorum <lb></lb>deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.002915">ibid. </s> <s id="s.002916">Faſciæ illæ ſunt vmbræ projectæ à continuo tractu <lb></lb>montium ab ortu in occaſum excurrentium. </s> <s id="s.002917">220 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002918">Situs Iovialium montium, viſibile eſt argumentum, quo ſtabilitur immo<lb></lb>bilitas terræ. </s> <s id="s.002919">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002920"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Fiſtula.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002921">Per breviorem Fiſtulam foramini admotam, aqua velociùs extruditur, & <lb></lb>qua proportione. </s> <s id="s.002922">138.139.& 140 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002923">Proportio hujuſmodi Fiſtulæ ad aquam educendam. </s> <s id="s.002924">140.141 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002925"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Flamma.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002926">Vnde Conica Flammæ figura. </s> <s id="s.002927">175.176 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002928"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Fons.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002929">Quæ obſervanda iis qui aquas ex publicis fontibus diſtribuunt, eorumque <lb></lb>errores. </s> <s id="s.002930">140.141 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002931">Aliqui fontes, & putri attolluntur cum Oceano per Æſtum; alij contrà <lb></lb>ſubſidunt, & Cur? </s> <s id="s.002932">150. Fontes artificiales ex compreſſione aëris. </s> <s id="s.002933">160 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002934"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Fumus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002935">Cur, Sole æſtivo, de Meridie, os camini ſuis radiis afflante, Fumus ægrè <lb></lb>aſcendat. </s> <s id="s.002936">186. Fumus ſtare non poteſt in vacuo. </s> <s id="s.002937">186 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/239.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002938"><emph type="center"></emph>G<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002939"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Galileus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002940">GAlileus Copernicani ſyſtematis aſſertor, ac defenſor. </s> <s id="s.002941">2 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002942">Impugnatur opinio Galilci de Æſtu Maris. </s> <s id="s.002943">44.45.& 46 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002944"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Globus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002945">Solatis Globus juxta Copernicanos dici poteſt pollere vi motrice circa <lb></lb>ſuum axem immobilem. </s> <s id="s.002946">87 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002947">Globus per planum declive deſcendens, quantum acquirat impetum. </s> <s id="s.002948">46. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002949">Quomodo moveretur. </s> <s id="s.002950">48.49.& 50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002951">Quomodo globus moveretur circa terram, ſi ejus ſuperficies eſſet læviga<lb></lb>tiſſima. </s> <s id="s.002952">60 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002953">Globus ſupra ſuperficiem lævigatiſſimam, & ſupra glaciem, deberet mo<lb></lb>veri, ſicut aqua Maris, in ſeutentiâ Copernici, ſi valeret. </s> <s id="s.002954">61 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002955"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Grave.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002956">Quot pedes conficit corpus grave motu deorſum vno minuto ſecundo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002957">41. 42. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002958">Corpus grave horizontaliter projectum, quam lineam deſcribat. </s> <s id="s.002959">61 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002960">Motus Gravium. </s> <s id="s.002961">66.67.68.& 69 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002962">De Gravium humido immerſorum pondere, ac gravitatione. </s> <s id="s.002963">155 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002964"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Gravitas.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002965">Quis ſit Gravitatis finis. </s> <s id="s.002966">94 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002967">Levia non pellunt deorſum gravia.95.Nec ſuâ ſponte ſurſum aſcendunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002968">95. 97 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002969">Gravia ſua ſponte deorſum ruunt, & ſurſum pellunt levia. </s> <s id="s.002970">97.98 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002971">Gravitas non eſt proprietas totius, ſed partium. </s> <s id="s.002972">105 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002973">In quo Gravitatio à preſſione differat. </s> <s id="s.002974">121 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002975"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Grondanicus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002976">Docet omnia Terellæ puncta ad eadem ſemper Vniverſi puncta ſpectare.33 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002977">Non determinat omnimodam ſtabilitatem Terræ. </s> <s id="s.002978">33 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002979">Malè idcirco, tantoperè exploditur à multis. </s> <s id="s.002980">34 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002981"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Gutta.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002982">Cur majores Guttæ aqueæ <expan abbr="adhæreſcãt">adhæreſcant</expan> Vaſis, oleo, vel butyro <expan abbr="inũctis">inunctis</expan>.63.64 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002983">Cur vna Gutta, cum in aliam incidit, duæ in vnam eandemque abeant.175 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002984">Qui fit vt Gutta pendula hæreat aliquando, vel in ſuperficie ligni quæ <lb></lb>deorſum vergit, vel extremo naſo.175. Si partem inferiorem guttæ pen<lb></lb>dulæ, vel minimâ feſtucâ tangas, ſtatim effluit per admotam feſtucam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.002985">Cætera guttæ pendulæ Phænomena explicantur. </s> <s id="s.002986">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002987"><emph type="center"></emph>H<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002988"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Hevelius.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002989">OBſervator Lunarium Phænomenon. </s> <s id="s.002990">77.78 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002991"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Humidum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002992">De innatantibus humido. </s> <s id="s.002993">155 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/240.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002994">De gravium humido immerſorum pondere ac gravitatione. </s> <s id="s.002995">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002996"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Humor.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002997">Luna multo humore abundat. </s> <s id="s.002998">112 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.002999">Plus humoris ineſt corporibus, eo tempore quo Mate per æſtum intu<lb></lb>meſcit; minùs verò tempore refluxus; & Cur? </s> <s id="s.003000">120.122 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003001">Ex ſex capitibus humor altiùs per <expan abbr="canaliculũ">canaliculum</expan> immerſum aſcendit.166.167 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003002">Quomodo ſpongioſa corpora humores exugant. </s> <s id="s.003003">171 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003004"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Hypotheſis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003005">In Hypotheſi Copernicanâ, cuncta ferè gratis adſtruuntur. </s> <s id="s.003006">83.84.& 85 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003007">Impugnatur Hypotheſis Copernici ab æſtu Maris. </s> <s id="s.003008">56.<gap></gap>.76 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003009">Rejiciuntur plurimæ aliorum Hypotheſes circa experimentum de Mercu<lb></lb>rio intra tubum ad certam altitudinem librato, ac ſuſpenſo. </s> <s id="s.003010">200.201. <lb></lb>& 202. &c. </s> <s id="s.003011">Stabilitur propria Hypotheſis. </s> <s id="s.003012">205.206.208.& 209 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003013"><emph type="center"></emph>I<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003014"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ictus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003015">CVr directus Ictus vegetior ſit, obliquus verò debilior. </s> <s id="s.003016">52 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003017"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ignis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003018">Quomodo accenditur Ignis. </s> <s id="s.003019">185 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003020">Ignis accendi non poteſt in vacuo. </s> <s id="s.003021">186 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003022"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Imber.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003023">Cur Imber guttatim deſcendat. </s> <s id="s.003024">40.41 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003025"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Impetus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003026">Primarius, & Secundarius finis Impetus. </s> <s id="s.003027">52 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003028">Quandiu conſervetur.46. Quomodo deſtruatur. </s> <s id="s.003029">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003030">Quomodo agat, communicetur, & propagetur. </s> <s id="s.003031">52.60 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003032"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Inundatio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003033">Cur variæ Inundationes contingant, eo tempore quo varij Planetæ con<lb></lb>juncti ſunt. </s> <s id="s.003034">124.125 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003035"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Iupiter.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003036">Motus Iovis. </s> <s id="s.003037">21 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003038">Aſtra Medicæa, & Saturni Satellites moventur Lunarum inſtar circa Io<lb></lb>vem, & Saturnum, juxta Hypotheſim Copernicanam. </s> <s id="s.003039">89 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003040">Impugnatur. </s> <s id="s.003041">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003042">Quomodo in vera Hypotheſi moveantur Iovis, & Saturni Satellites. </s> <s id="s.003043">90 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003044">In Iovis diſco faſciæ obſervatæ circulo diurno parallelæ. </s> <s id="s.003045">220 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003046">Earum deſcriptio. </s> <s id="s.003047">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003048">Diametri Iovis menſura non eſt ſemper eadem.225.Iovis Faſciæ V.Faſciæ. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003049"><emph type="center"></emph>L<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003050"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Latitudo.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003051">LAtitudo Planetarum. </s> <s id="s.003052">24.25 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003053">Cur Veneris Latitudo Borealis ſit major quam Auſtralis. </s> <s id="s.003054">29.30 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/241.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003055">Nullus ad juſtos calculos minorum Planetarum; imò & fortè Lunæ La<lb></lb>titudinem reduxit; & Cur? </s> <s id="s.003056">25 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003057"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Levitas.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003058">Levia non pellunt deorſum gravia. </s> <s id="s.003059">93. Nec ſua ſponte ſurſum aſcendunt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003060">95.97. 103.& 104 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003061">Motus levium ſurſum acceleratus eſt; Cur, & quâ proportione. </s> <s id="s.003062">102 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003063">Nulla datur Levitas diſtincta. </s> <s id="s.003064">103 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003065"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Libramentum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003066">De Libramento liquorum. </s> <s id="s.003067">161 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003068"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Liquidum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003069">Corpus liquidum ſi ab omni parte prematur figuram <expan abbr="Sphæticã">Sphæricam</expan> induit. </s> <s id="s.003070">106 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003071">Corpus liquidum cui corpus grave admixtum eſt fit inde gravius. </s> <s id="s.003072">106 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003073">Nulla ineſt vis adhæſiva liquidis Corporibus. </s> <s id="s.003074">159 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003075"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Liquor.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003076">Explicantur omnia Phænomena aſcenſionis Liquorum per Canalicu<lb></lb>lum. </s> <s id="s.003077">161.162.163.165.166.167.169.173.& 174 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003078">Vide <emph type="italics"></emph>Libramentum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003079"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Luna.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003080">Luna pertinet ad Maris Æſtum; non eſt tamen ejus cauſa, ſed tantùm oc<lb></lb>caſio. </s> <s id="s.003081">94 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003082">Motus Lunæ in Hypotheſi Copernici. </s> <s id="s.003083">73.74.& 75 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003084">Motus Lunæ. </s> <s id="s.003085">76. 77. Libratio Lunæ. </s> <s id="s.003086">77 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003087">Luna multo humore abundat.112. Vis Lunæ in ſublunaria. </s> <s id="s.003088">120 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003089"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Lupus Mærinus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003090">An, & Cur in cingulis ex Lupi Marini corio factis, pili erigantur & <lb></lb>ſtent in fluxu; in refluxu verò deprimantur. </s> <s id="s.003091">150 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003092"><emph type="center"></emph>M<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003093"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Magnes.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003094">TErra non eſt magnus Magnes. </s> <s id="s.003095">33. 34 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003096">Vis Magnetica in globo Lunari. </s> <s id="s.003097">77.78 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003098">Hypotheſis Terræ immobilis magis conſentit regulis Magneticis, quàm <lb></lb>Copernicana. </s> <s id="s.003099">34 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003100">Vide <emph type="italics"></emph>Paralleliſmus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003101"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Mars.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003102">Martis motus. </s> <s id="s.003103">13. 15 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003104">Cur Mars à Conjunctione, vel Apogæo ad Quadraturam plus tempo<lb></lb>ris ponat, quàm à Quadraturâ. </s> <s id="s.003105">20 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003106">Quomodo Mars, Mercurius, & Venus videri deberent in Apogæo <lb></lb>juxta hypotheſim Copernicanam. </s> <s id="s.003107">89 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003108">Vide <emph type="italics"></emph>Apogæum. </s> <s id="s.003109">Coniunctio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003110"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Materia ſubtilis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003111">Datur Materia ſubtilis ab aëre diſtincta. </s> <s id="s.003112">207.208 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/242.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003113">Hujuſmodi Materia non eſt quinta eſſentia, ſed compoſita eſt ex noſtra<lb></lb>tibus Elementis.208.Vnde petatur hæc Materia? </s> <s id="s.003114">Quis ejus vſus.208.209 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003115"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Medicea ſydera.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003116">Aſtra Medicea, & Saturni Satellites moventur Lunarum inſtar circa Io<lb></lb>vem, & Saturnum, juxta Hypotheſim Copernicanam 89.Impugnatur.ib. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003117">Quomodo in verâ Hypotheſi moveantur Iovis & Saturni Satellites. </s> <s id="s.003118">90 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003119">Iovialium Satellitum, ſeu Medicearum Stellarum obſervationes. </s> <s id="s.003120">221 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003121">Earum motus. </s> <s id="s.003122">ibid. </s> <s id="s.003123">Mediceæ Stellæ deſcendunt infra Iovem. </s> <s id="s.003124">222 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003125">Qualis ſit digreſſio Medicearum Stellarum à love. </s> <s id="s.003126">225.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003127"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Menſis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003128">Menſium inæqualitas. </s> <s id="s.003129">71 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003130"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Mercurius.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003131">Mercurij eadem ferè ſunt Phænomena quæ Veneris. </s> <s id="s.003132">30 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003133">Quomodo Mercurius, Venus, & Mars videri deberent in Apogæo, juxta <lb></lb>Hypotheſim Copernicanam. </s> <s id="s.003134">89 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003135"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Motus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003136">Motus raptus nullus ex Copernico. </s> <s id="s.003137">5 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003138">Argumentum Copernici petitum ab incredibili velocitate fixarum con<lb></lb>furatur. </s> <s id="s.003139">4.5.Illa vèlocitas non eſt inimaginabilis. </s> <s id="s.003140">5 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003141">Multiplicitas motuum terræ in ſyſtemate Copernici. </s> <s id="s.003142">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003143">Vnicus eſt motus ſimplex in Sole. </s> <s id="s.003144">7.8 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003145">Corpus eo motu movetur, quo faciliùs moveri poteſt. </s> <s id="s.003146">47.48.50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003147">In tantùm corpus vnum ab alio movetur, in quantum illud aliquem mo<lb></lb>tum impedit. </s> <s id="s.003148">52 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003149">Corpora eo motu moventur, quo faciliùs moveri poſſunt. </s> <s id="s.003150">47.48.& 50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003151">Ita moventur duo extrema lineæ finitæ, vt vnum alio infinities ſynca<lb></lb>tegorematicè velociùs moveatur. </s> <s id="s.003152">55 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003153"><emph type="center"></emph>N<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003154"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Natura.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003155">FInis Naturæ, vt Sol in connaturali diſtantiâ circa terram moveatur, & <lb></lb>vt lumen æqualiter diſtribuat. </s> <s id="s.003156">37.38 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003157"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Novitas.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003158">Novitas non eſt ſemper ſuſpecta. </s> <s id="s.003159">152 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003160"><emph type="center"></emph>O<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003161"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Oleum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003162">QVam figuram indueret Oleum intra tubum per mediam aquam <lb></lb>aſcendens. </s> <s id="s.003163">51 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003164">Cur majores guttæ aqueæ adhæreſcant vaſis, oleo, vti butyro inunctis. 63. <lb></lb>64. Vliginoſa ex multis filaminibus conſtant. </s> <s id="s.003165">64 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003166">Olei per aquam aſcendentis Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.003167">101 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003168">Oleum ſicut aqua, humoreſve alij per tenuem tubum aſcendit ſupra libel<lb></lb>lam.159. Oleum plus aſcendit per hujuſmodi tubos quàm aqua: Mer<lb></lb>curius ferè nihil. </s> <s id="s.003169">159 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/243.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003170"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Oppoſitio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003171">Oppoſitio & Conjunctio Martis & Solis. </s> <s id="s.003172">14.15 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003173"><emph type="center"></emph>P<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003174"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Paralleliſmus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003175">PAralleliſmus Magnetis. </s> <s id="s.003176">33 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003177">Annuli Saturni Paralliſmus.219. Planum illud Annuli in illo ſitu Pa<lb></lb>rallelo viſibile eſt argumentum contra terræ motum. </s> <s id="s.003178">219 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003179"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Perigæum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003180">Perigæum, & Apogæum Martis. </s> <s id="s.003181">14 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003182">Perigæa, & Apogæa explicantur facilè per ſimplicem motum æquabilem <lb></lb>realiter, & ſolùm apparenter inæqualem. </s> <s id="s.003183">26 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003184"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Phænomena.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003185">Aëris per mediam aquam & oleum aſcendentis Phænomena.100.101.104 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003186">Varia Marini Æſtus Phænomena explicantur. </s> <s id="s.003187">145.146.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003188">Guttæ pendulæ Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.003189">175 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003190">Omnia ſuccini Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.003191">176.177.178 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003192">Phænomena Mercurij decidenti<gap></gap> & ad certam altitudinem intra tubum <lb></lb>ſtantis. </s> <s id="s.003193">183.184.186.& 187 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003194">Explicantur omnia Phænomena librati, ſuſpenſique in tubo, Mercurij.205 <lb></lb>206.207.208.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003195">Annuli Saturnij Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.003196">218 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003197"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Planeta.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003198">Latitudo Planetarum. </s> <s id="s.003199">24.25 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003200">De motu æquali vel inæquali Planetarum. </s> <s id="s.003201">70 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003202">Cur inundationes contingant in conjunctione plurium Planetarum. </s> <s id="s.003203">124. <lb></lb>125. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003204">Cur minorum Planetarum latitudo non ſit ad juſtos calculos redu<lb></lb>cta. </s> <s id="s.003205">25 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003206"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Plenilunium.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003207">In corporibus ſpongioſis, & humidis, plus humoris ineſt in Plenilunio, <lb></lb>nec modò creſcit moles, ſed & pondus. </s> <s id="s.003208">111 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003209">Vnde oriatur ille humor.112.113. In nonnullis ſepulchris aqua creſcit, & <lb></lb>decreſcit pro diverſo Lunæ aſpectu. </s> <s id="s.003210">111 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003211"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Pondus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003212">Proportio Ponderis aëris ad aquam, & aquæ ad Mercurium. </s> <s id="s.003213">119 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003214">Poſtquam aqua aſcendit in tubulum, nihil inde accedit tubulo ponderis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003215">172. Pondus aquæ dilatat aërem. </s> <s id="s.003216">195.196 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003217"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Preſſio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003218">Vis Preſſionis infinitam propemodùm rationem habet ad vim gravitatio<lb></lb>nis. </s> <s id="s.003219">119. In quo preſſio à gravitatione differat. </s> <s id="s.003220">121 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003221"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Puteus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003222">Aliqui fontes, & Putei attolluntur cum Oceano per Æſtum; alij contrà <lb></lb>ſubſidunt, & Cur. </s> <s id="s.003223">150 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/244.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003224"><emph type="center"></emph>R<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003225"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Radius.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003226">VNde oriatur vis debilior radij obliqui. </s> <s id="s.003227">116 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003228"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Raptus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003229">Motus Raptus nullus ex Copernico. </s> <s id="s.003230">5 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003231"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Retrogradatio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003232">Retrogradatio, & acceleratio Saturni, & Martis. </s> <s id="s.003233">9.10.11.& 15 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003234"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Revolutio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003235">Omnes Revolutiones diurnæ Solis ſunt æquales, & æquidiuturnæ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003236">38.& 39 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003237"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Rota.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003238">In Rotis habetur ratio vectis. </s> <s id="s.003239">50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003240">Proportio inæqualitatis motus Rotæ in diverſis illius punctis. </s> <s id="s.003241">52.53.54. <lb></lb>55. & 56 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003242">Cur in plano inclinato Rota revolvatur dum deſcendit. </s> <s id="s.003243">50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003244">Cur in plano Horizontali ſimili modo moveatur potentiâ in ejus centro <lb></lb>fune applicatâ. </s> <s id="s.003245">50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003246">Vide <emph type="italics"></emph>Vectis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003247"><emph type="center"></emph>S<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003248"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Satellites.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003249">SAturni Satellites moventur Lunarum inſtar circa Saturnum juxta Hy<lb></lb>potheſim Copernicanam. </s> <s id="s.003250">89 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003251">Impugnatur. </s> <s id="s.003252">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003253">Quomodo in vera Hypotheſi moveantur. </s> <s id="s.003254">90 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003255"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Saturnus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003256">Saturni Satellitum motus. </s> <s id="s.003257">89.90 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003258">Saturni acceleratio, & retrogradatio. </s> <s id="s.003259">9.10.11.15 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003260">Saturnius annulus. </s> <s id="s.003261">91 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003262"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Scyphus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003263">Phænomena Scyphi vacui perpendiculariter aquæ immerſi. </s> <s id="s.003264">95.97 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003265"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Senſus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003266">Senſus per ſe non falluntur. </s> <s id="s.003267">12 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003268"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Sol.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003269">Sol in mundi centro ex Copernico Confutatur. </s> <s id="s.003270">3 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003271">Sol vnico motu realiter movetur. </s> <s id="s.003272">7. Sol. </s> <s id="s.003273">7. vel 8. Motibus apparenter <lb></lb>fertur. </s> <s id="s.003274">6. Quomodo ſemper moveatur in Ecliptica.7. Vnicus eſt motus <lb></lb>ſimplex in Sole. </s> <s id="s.003275">7.8 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003276">Syſtema Solis. </s> <s id="s.003277">17 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003278">Solaris globus juxta Copernicanos dici poteſt pollere vi motrice circa <lb></lb>ſuum centrum immobile. </s> <s id="s.003279">87 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003280">Sol in ſuo acceſſu ab Apogæo ad mediocrem diſtantiam non acquirit <lb></lb>novum impetum, & Cur? </s> <s id="s.003281">35.36.& 37 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003282">Cur Sol ab Apogæo ad mediocrem diſtantiam tendat motu recto, qui <pb xlink:href="025/01/245.jpg"></pb>eſt adinſtar accelerati. </s> <s id="s.003283">38 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003284">Primus ille impetus Soli ineſt, qui eidem initio inerat. </s> <s id="s.003285">41 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003286">Primus ille impetus ab ipſo Sole per motum <expan abbr="acceleratum̃">acceleratum</expan> prævium acqui<lb></lb>ri potuit. </s> <s id="s.003287">41 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003288">Definitur altitudo illa, ex qua Sol ad hunc velocitatis gradum acquiren<lb></lb>dum deſcenderit. </s> <s id="s.003289">41 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003290">Per quid Sol determinetur ad motum versùs occaſum, potiùs quàm versùs <lb></lb>ortum. </s> <s id="s.003291">42 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003292">Quomodo ſemper moveatur in Ecliptica. </s> <s id="s.003293">7 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003294"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Sonus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003295">In Boyliano recipiente etiam exhauſto, & in tubo poſt deſcenſum Mercu<lb></lb>rij ad Solitam ſtationem fit ſonus. </s> <s id="s.003296">186 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003297"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Spira.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003298">Motus Solis ſpiralis eſt. </s> <s id="s.003299">7 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003300">Motus rectus per ſpiralem compenſatur, & quomodo. </s> <s id="s.003301">36.37.39 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003302"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Stella.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003303">Explicatur Stellarum motus. </s> <s id="s.003304">88 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003305">Motus inclinationis Stellarum lentiſſimus. </s> <s id="s.003306">88.89 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003307">Iovialium Satellitum, ſeu Medicearum Stellarum obſervationes. </s> <s id="s.003308">221 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003309">Earum motus. </s> <s id="s.003310">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003311">Mediceæ Stellæ deſcendunt infra Iovem. </s> <s id="s.003312">222 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003313">Qualis ſit digreſſio Medicearum Stellarum à Iove. </s> <s id="s.003314">225 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003315">Non eſt ſemper eadem. </s> <s id="s.003316">ibid. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003317">Methodus ſtatuendi veram diſtantiam Mediceæ Stellæ à centro Iovis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003318">Medicea non movetur in circulo, ſed in Parabolâ. </s> <s id="s.003319">226.227 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003320">De latitudine Medicearum. </s> <s id="s.003321">227 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003322">Medicea non movetur in Epicyclo reali motu. </s> <s id="s.003323">227 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003324"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Succinum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003325">Succinum non adducit ad ſe flammam, nec ferrum candens, nec alia ac<lb></lb>cenſa. </s> <s id="s.003326">176 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003327">Trahit corpora facilè mobilia omnis generis, & in omni ſtatu. </s> <s id="s.003328">176 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003329">In quo ſita ſit illa ſuccini virtus, & quomodo illam exerat. </s> <s id="s.003330">178.179.180. <lb></lb>& 181 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003331">Omnia Succini Phænomena. </s> <s id="s.003332">176.177.178.&c. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003333">Affrictus Succini non requiritur ad excitandum calorem, ſed ad ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciem abſtergendam. </s> <s id="s.003334">178 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003335"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Superficies.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003336">Cur aquæ intra vas contentæ ſuperficies ſit convexa. </s> <s id="s.003337">16;.164 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003338">Quò major eſt Superficies, minùs aqua intumeſcit. </s> <s id="s.003339">164 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003340"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Syrinx.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003341">Quomodo aqua adducto Embolo in Syringe aſcendat. </s> <s id="s.003342">204 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003343"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Syſtema.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003344">Syſtema Solis. </s> <s id="s.003345">17 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003346">Syſtema trium ſuperiorum Planetarum. </s> <s id="s.003347">21.22 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003348">Scripturæ, Patrumque authoritatibus evertitur Syſtema Copernici. </s> <s id="s.003349">91 </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/246.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003350"><emph type="center"></emph>T<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003351"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Torricellius.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003352">TOrricellius, primus auctor celeberrimi illius experimenti, quo Hydrat<lb></lb>girus intra tubum vitreum ſubſidens ſpatium apparenter vacuum re<lb></lb>linquit, libratumque manet, ac ſuſpenſum ad altitudinem pedum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003353">2 1/4.183 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003354"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Tempus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003355">An Tempus conſtet inſtantibus. </s> <s id="s.003356">66 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003357"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Terra.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003358">Terræ motus ex Copernico quadruplex. </s> <s id="s.003359">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003360">Multiplicitas motuum Terræ in ſyſtemate Copernici. </s> <s id="s.003361">6 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003362"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Tractio.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003363">Ineſt corporibus vis quædam tractiva. </s> <s id="s.003364">188 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003365"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Tubus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003366">Varia ſententiæ circa aſcenſum aquæ, alteriuſve humoris intra tenuiſſi<lb></lb>mum tubum vitreum confutantur. </s> <s id="s.003367">157.158.159 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003368">Redditur ratio deſcenſus, & ſtationis, ſeu ſuſpenſionis Mercurij in tubo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="s.003369">187 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003370"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Typho.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003371">Typhones quomodo formentur. </s> <s id="s.003372">40 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003373"><emph type="center"></emph>V<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003374"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Vacuum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003375">VNde vacui fuga, & Naturæ vinculum. </s> <s id="s.003376">188 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003377">Celebratis illis experimentis de Mercurio ſtante ad certam altitu<lb></lb>dinem in tubo & relinquente ſpatium apparenter inane impugnatur <lb></lb>vacuum. </s> <s id="s.003378">188.189. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003379">Ipſis oculis deprehenditur <expan abbr="ſpatiũ">ſpatium</expan> relictum à Mercurio non eſſe <expan abbr="vacuũ">vacuum</expan> 202 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003380"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Vas.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003381">Quomodo aqua in ſitu Horizontali moveatur intra vas lævigatiſſimum <lb></lb>circa axem verticalem. </s> <s id="s.003382">62 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003383">Quid fi eret ſi vas in circulo verticali verteretur. </s> <s id="s.003384">63.64 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003385">Perperam aliqui referunt ad metum vacui ſuccini attractionem. </s> <s id="s.003386">181 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003387"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Vectis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003388">Cur rotæ currus non moveantur tantùm horizontaliter, ſed etiam circu<lb></lb>lariter volvantur. </s> <s id="s.003389">50 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003390"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Velox.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003391">Ita moventur duo extrema lineæ finitæ vt vnum alio infinities ſyncate<lb></lb>gorematicè velociùs moveatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003392">Argumentum Copernici petitum ab incredibili velocitate fixarum confu-<pb xlink:href="025/01/247.jpg"></pb>tatur. </s> <s id="s.003393">4.5. Illa velocitas non eſt inimaginabilis. </s> <s id="s.003394">5 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003395"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Ventus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003396">Vnde oriatur ventus ille qui cùm marino æſtu conjunctus eſt. </s> <s id="s.003397">124 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003398"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Venus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003399">Syſtema Veneris. </s> <s id="s.003400">26.27 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003401">Apogæum, Perigæum, Conjunctio, aliaque illius Phænomena.27.28.78.79 <lb></lb>80.81.82.& 83 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003402">Cur Venus interdum matutina ſimul & Veſpertina eodem die. </s> <s id="s.003403">28 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003404">Quâ lineâ moveatur Venus, curvâ, an rectâ? </s> <s id="s.003405">cadente perpendiculari in pla<lb></lb>num Æquatoris, an in planum Eclipticæ. </s> <s id="s.003406">83 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003407">Quomodo Venus videri deberet in Apogæo juxta Hypotheſim Coperni<lb></lb>canam. </s> <s id="s.003408">89 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003409">Cur declinatio motus Veneris modò. </s> <s id="s.003410">Sit major, modo minor. </s> <s id="s.003411">28. 29. <lb></lb>30 Veneris latitudo. </s> <s id="s.003412">28.30 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003413"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Vrinatores.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003414">Non ſentiunt Æſtum pluribus paſſibus infra ſuperficiem Maris. </s> <s id="s.003415">149 </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003416"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>FINIS.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb><figure id="id.025.01.247.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/247/1.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <pb xlink:href="025/01/248.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.025.01.248.1.jpg" xlink:href="025/01/248/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003417"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>IOANNES PAVLVS OLIVA<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Societatis<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> IESV <emph type="italics"></emph>Præpoſitus Generalis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003418">CVM quatuor Dialogos Phyſicos de Terræ conſi<lb></lb>ſtentia R. P. HONORATI FABRI noſtræ So<lb></lb>cietatis Sacerdotis aliquot ejuſdem Societatis Theo<lb></lb>logi recognoverint, & in lucem edi poſſe probave<lb></lb>rint. </s> <s id="s.003419">Facultatem concedimus, vt typis mandentur, ſi ita iis, ad <lb></lb>quos pertinet, videbitur; cujus rei gratia has literas manu no<lb></lb>ſtra ſubſcriptas, ſigilloque noſtro munitas damus Romæ 2, <lb></lb>Septembris 1664, </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003420"><emph type="center"></emph>IOAN. PAVLVS OLIVA.</s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003421"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>IMPRIMATVR.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003422">Si videbitur Reverendiſſimo, P. M. S. P. A. <lb></lb>A. P. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003423"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>IMPRIMATVR.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="s.003424">Fr. </s> <s id="s.003425">Hyacinthus Libellus S.P. </s> <s id="s.003426">Apoſtolici P. Ma<lb></lb>giſter. </s> </p> </chap> </body> <back></back> </text> </archimedes>