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| author | Klaus Thoden <kthoden@mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 29 Nov 2017 16:55:37 +0100 |
| parents | 22d6a63640c6 |
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<?xml version="1.0"?> <archimedes xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" > <info> <author>Gassendi, Pierre</author> <title>De motu impresso a motore translato epistulae duae</title> <date>1642</date> <place>Paris</place> <translator></translator> <lang>la</lang> <cvs_file>gasse_demot_027_la_1642.xml</cvs_file> <cvs_version></cvs_version> <locator>027.xml</locator> </info> <text> <front> </front> <body> <chap> <pb xlink:href="027/01/001.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000001"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>PETRI GASSENDI<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000002"><emph type="center"></emph>DE MOTV IMPRESSO <lb></lb>A MOTORE <lb></lb>TRANSLATO.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000003"><emph type="center"></emph>EPISTOLÆ DVÆ.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000004"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>IN QVIBVS ALIQVOT PRÆCIPVÆ <lb></lb>tum de Motu vniuersè, tum ſpeciatim de Motu <lb></lb>Terræ attributo difficultates explicantur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <figure id="id.027.01.001.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/001/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000005"><emph type="center"></emph>PARISIIS, <lb></lb>Apud LVDOVICVM DE HEVQVEVILLE, via Iacobæa, ſub <lb></lb>ſigno Pacis.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000006"><emph type="center"></emph>M. DC. XLII. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>CVM PRIVILEGIO REGIS.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <pb xlink:href="027/01/002.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.027.01.002.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/002/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000007"><emph type="center"></emph>ELENCHVS <lb></lb>ARTICVLORVM.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000008"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>EPISTOLÆ PRIORIS.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end><lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000009"><emph type="italics"></emph>I. REcenſentur compendio<lb></lb>sè experimenta ex aqua, <lb></lb>curru, & nani facta, qui<lb></lb>bus comprobatur, ſi id <lb></lb>corpus, cui inſistimus, <lb></lb>transferatur, motum rei à nobis proiectæ <lb></lb>perinde & fieri, & apparere nobis, ac ſi il<lb></lb>lud quieſceret.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> pag.1. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000010"><emph type="italics"></emph>II. Proponuntur experimenta facienda de pi<lb></lb>la, quæ inter ambulandum dimiſſa ſemper <lb></lb>procurrit; & iacta retrorsùm, vel ſegniùs <lb></lb>mouetur, vel ad perpendiculum cadit, vel <lb></lb>etiam ſequitur, promotæ antrorsùm. </s> <s id="id.000011">Cauſa <lb></lb>dicitur ex motu, quem manus (ſeu habeat, <lb></lb>ſeu non habeat proprium) accipit à corpore, <lb></lb>imprimitque contactæ pilæ.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.3. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000012"><emph type="italics"></emph>III. </s> <s id="id.000013">Dum manus inter ambulandum liberè <lb></lb>pendent, non niſi prorsùm mouentur; & <lb></lb>cùm videntur retro ſum flecti, reipſâ quieſ<lb></lb>cunt. </s> <s id="id.000014">Ex quo dimiſſa pila, dum manus pror<lb></lb>sùm porrigitur, mouetur duplò velociùs <lb></lb>(veluti & manus) quàm corporis truncus; <lb></lb>& dum manus apparet retrorsùm ire, cadit <lb></lb>ad perpendiculum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.7. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000015"><emph type="italics"></emph>IV. </s> <s id="id.000016">Experimenta de pilaè curru, aut equo <lb></lb>(etiam citatißimè moto) directè ſursùm <lb></lb>proiecta, recidentéque in manum, & complu-<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>ra alia, ideò contingere, quòd motus currus, <lb></lb>aut equi impreſſus manui, componatur cum <lb></lb>motu ipſius manus proprio, fiatque motus <lb></lb>reipsâ miſtus, licet ad oculum non alius, <lb></lb>quàm manus proprius appareat.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.10. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000017"><emph type="italics"></emph>V. </s> <s id="id.000018">Experimenta varia de pila, aut alie <lb></lb>proiectili, quod, dum nauis mouetur, proie<lb></lb>ctum ſursùm, in eandem nauis partem reci<lb></lb>dit: dimiſſum ex faſtigio mali, decidit ad <lb></lb>eiuſdem pedem; & ſeu in proram, ſeu in <lb></lb>puppim pari vi adactum, æquale ſupra na<lb></lb>uim ſpatium conficit, licet inæquale aëris <lb></lb>respectu. </s> <s id="id.000019">Cauſa dicitur ex compoſitione mo<lb></lb>tus navis, & motus manus proprij, oculo <lb></lb>intereà non alium, quàm manus proprium <lb></lb>obſeruante, ob motum nauis, qui ſit tam ipſi, <lb></lb>quam proiectili communis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.14. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000020"><emph type="italics"></emph>VI. </s> <s id="id.000021">Ad inueſtigandum cauſam motus tam <lb></lb>naturalis, cuius impetus continuò creſcit, <lb></lb>quàm proiectorij, cuius decreſcit; præmit<lb></lb>titur accelerationem grauis decidentis ſit <lb></lb>fieri, vt acquiſita ſpatia ſint in duplicata <lb></lb>temporum, quibus acquiruntur, ratione; & <lb></lb>lineam, quam proiectum obliquè deſcribes <gap></gap><lb></lb>per aërem, eſſe parabolicam, reſque monſtra<lb></lb>tur ex ſchemate ad vtrumque præmiſſum <lb></lb>intelligendum comparate.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.20. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="027/01/003.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000022"><emph type="italics"></emph>VII. </s> <s id="id.000023">Ex eo elicitur lapidem è naui mota <lb></lb>proiectum ſecundum altitudinem mali, & <lb></lb>recidentem ſecundum eandem, deſcribere <lb></lb>lineam, ad viſum quidem rectam, ſed reipsâ <lb></lb>tamen parabolicam; vt & dimiſſum è ſum<lb></lb>mo malo ſemiparabolicam; compoſito motu <lb></lb>ex perpendiculari, qui à manu, aut grauita<lb></lb>te, & horizontali, qui à naui. </s> <s id="id.000024">Nihil ex vtro<lb></lb>vis motu ob compoſitionem deperdi, ſed <lb></lb>tantundem ſpatij & perpendiculariter, & <lb></lb>horizontaliter peruadi, quantum ſi motus ſe<lb></lb>iuncti forent. </s> <s id="id.000025">Tempora aſcenſus, & deſcen<lb></lb>ſus eſſe æqualia, & velocitatem qua pro<lb></lb>portione in aſcenſu decreſcit, in deſcenſu in<lb></lb>creſcere; idque perinde, ac dum motus tranſ<lb></lb>latitius est nullus. </s> <s id="id.000026">Proportionem velocita<lb></lb>tis creſcentis, & decreſcentis ſecundum li<lb></lb>neam parabolicam, eſſe eandem, quæ ſecun<lb></lb>dum perpendicularem. </s> <s id="id.000027">In motu compoſito <lb></lb>ſpatia quidem ſursùm, aut deorsùm acquiri <lb></lb>inæqualiter per momenta æqualia; at pror<lb></lb>sùn, ſeu ſecundum horizontem, penitùs <lb></lb>æqualiter. </s> <s id="id.000028">Quantumcúmque apertæ, aut <lb></lb>contractæ ſint parabolicæ, ſemiparabolicæve <lb></lb>lineæ, modò altitudo eadem ſit, ipſas tempore <lb></lb>æquali deſcribi. </s> <s id="id.000029">Denique quod vis proiecti<lb></lb>le, etiam globum bombardicum, directè ſur<lb></lb>ſum è pede mili, dum nauis monetur, emiſ<lb></lb>ſum, ad pedem mali recidere.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.23. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000030"><emph type="italics"></emph>VIII. </s> <s id="id.000031">Declaratur etiam, cur ex duobus in<lb></lb>tra motam colludentibus, pilamque vi <lb></lb>pari ex prora, ac puppi remittentibus, non aut <lb></lb><gap></gap>e propiùs, aut hic remotiùs pilæ occurrat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000032">Nempe quòd motus nauis vtrique commu<lb></lb>nis quantum virtutis addit pilæ ab hoc pro<lb></lb>iectæ, tantundem illum ſemouet: & quan<lb></lb>tum adimit rejectæ ab illo, tantundem iſtum <lb></lb>promouet, mirabili compenſatione.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.31. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000033"><emph type="italics"></emph>IX. </s> <s id="id.000034">Nullus motus non naturalis, vt nullus <lb></lb>non eſt à naturalibus principijs: Nullus non <lb></lb>violentus, vt nullus (ſecluſo primæve) <lb></lb>non ab alto eſt. </s> <s id="id.000035">Is naturalis eſt, qui aut ſpon<lb></lb>te, aut ſine repugnantia fit; is violentus, qui <lb></lb>præter naturam, aut cum <expan abbr="repugnãtia">repugnantia</expan>. </s> <s id="id.000036">Æqua<lb></lb>tas character motus naturalis; inæqua<lb></lb>bilias violenti.</s> <s id="id.a00036">Naturalis ergo propriè ſo<lb></lb>lis circularis, maximéque eſtis; violen-<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>tus autem rectus, qualis eſt non modò rei pro<lb></lb>iectæ ſursùm, verum etiam rei cadentis <lb></lb>deorsùm.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.33. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000037"><emph type="italics"></emph>X. </s> <s id="id.000038">Cùm motus lapidis tam dimiſsi, quàm <lb></lb>recidentis ex mali tranſtati altitudine, com<lb></lb>poſitus ſit ex perpendiculari, & horizontali, <lb></lb>horizontalis potiùs, quàm perpendicularis <lb></lb>habendus nuuralis eſt, ob iam memoratam <lb></lb>æquabilitatem. </s> <s id="id.000039">Videtur omnis motus hori<lb></lb>zontalis ſuapte natura æquabilis, atque per<lb></lb>petuus; vt vel intelligitur exemplo globi <lb></lb>vniformis materiæ, qui ſemel motus ſupra <lb></lb>terræ ſuperficiem exquiſitè rotundam, poli<lb></lb>tamque ſuppoſitam, videatur vt æquabili<lb></lb>ter, ita perpetuò reuoluendus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.38. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000040"><emph type="italics"></emph>XI. </s> <s id="id.000041">Si motus lapidis deorsùm violentus eſt, <lb></lb>& ab externo principio; debet; hoc proinde <lb></lb>eſſe vel impellens, vel attrahent, vel <expan abbr="vtrũ-que">vtrun<lb></lb>que</expan>. </s> <s id="id.000042">Impellens aliud eſſe non poteſt, quàm <lb></lb>aer ſupornè incumbens, qui vt lapidi ſur<lb></lb>sùm nitenti reſiſtit, ita deorsùm tendentem <lb></lb>inſectatur. </s> <s id="id.000043">Quanta ſit <expan abbr="aēris">aeris</expan>, fluxi licet, in <lb></lb>impellendo vis, probatur ex variis effecti<lb></lb>bus, at præſertim in pyriis, pneumaticiſque <lb></lb>catapultis. </s> <s id="id.000044">Non ſufficit tamen ſola aëris vis <lb></lb>ad motum illum deorsùm præſtandum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p 41. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000045"><emph type="italics"></emph>XII. </s> <s id="id.000046">Attrahens cauſa alia eſſe non poteſt, <lb></lb>quàm ipſamet Terra, cui ſit inſita (vt & <lb></lb>cuivis Toti) vis continendi, retrahendique <lb></lb>parteis ſui omneis, quales enumerantur heic. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000047">Explicatur pancis analogia, vel eadem po<lb></lb>tiùs natura Magnetis, ac Terræ. </s> <s id="id.000048">Non vide<lb></lb>tur vtriuſque actio in res attractas fieri, <lb></lb>niſi emißis corpuſculis ſubtilißimis, quæ <lb></lb>ipſas pelliciant: quòd nulla actio phyſica ſi<lb></lb>ne contactu, & organi ſaltem interuemn ſit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000049">Declaratur res exemplo halitus è re odora in <lb></lb>nareis tranſmißi.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.46. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000050"><emph type="italics"></emph>XIII. </s> <s id="id.000051">Idem ſit circa alios ſenſus. </s> <s id="id.000052">Corpuſcu<lb></lb>la, qua ſenſus permulcent, alia ratione figu<lb></lb>rata, quàm quæ exaſperant. </s> <s id="id.000053">Arguitur id ſur<lb></lb>sùs ex odore. </s> <s id="id.000054">Subtilitas corpuſculorum inef<lb></lb>fabilis probabilis fit. </s> <s id="id.000055">Sympathia, & Anti<lb></lb>pathia, niſi per ipſa, quaſi organula, non eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000056">Debent in re excipiente respondere particu<lb></lb>læ analogica; vti ſunt, quæ in naribus (non <lb></lb>in partibus altis) reſpecta corpuſculorum<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb xlink:href="027/01/004.jpg"></pb><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>odoris. </s> <s id="id.000057">Debent & poruli analogici in iis, quæ <lb></lb>ab ipſis peruaduntur rebus; vt exemplis <lb></lb>oſtenditur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.50. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000058"><emph type="italics"></emph>XIV. </s> <s id="id.000059">Difficultas præcipua; quomodo attra<lb></lb>ctio ferri à Magnete per emiſſa corpuſcula <lb></lb>fiat: Fieri fortè radiis iugi illorum corpuſcu<lb></lb>lorum emißione creatis, refractiſque in re <lb></lb>attracta verſus perpendicularem: vnde & <lb></lb>factis angulis, quaſi cubitis, in ferro, com<lb></lb>preßio, & attractio in magnetem ſequatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000060">Rationem quorundam effectuum heinc red<lb></lb>di, & actionem electricorum poſſe exinde <lb></lb>intelligi.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.54. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000061"><emph type="italics"></emph>XV. </s> <s id="id.000062">Vis Terræ attractrix, perinde ac vis <lb></lb>magnetis exſeritur. </s> <s id="id.000063">Propè, quàm procùl, ma<lb></lb>ior. </s> <s id="id.000064">Lapis in ſpatiis imaginariis conſtitutus <lb></lb>tam conſtante mundo, quàm non exſtante, ibi <lb></lb>quieſceret. </s> <s id="id.000065">Etiam in medio aeris ſpatio, ſi <lb></lb>fieret penitùs inane. </s> <s id="id.000066">Mouetur iam, quia tra<lb></lb>hitur. </s> <s id="id.000067">Ingens ſaxum, cohibita attractione, <lb></lb>facillimè mobile. </s> <s id="id.000068">Motus deorsùm initio len<lb></lb>tißimus. </s> <s id="id.000069">Vis proiecto impreſſa ideò debili<lb></lb>tatur, quòd attractio à Terra facta ipſam <lb></lb>continenter refringat. </s> <s id="id.000070">Quare pondera ſeu <lb></lb>magna, ſeu parua (eiuſdem præſertim ma<lb></lb>teriæ) æqua velocitate cadunt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.58. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000071"><emph type="italics"></emph>XVI. </s> <s id="id.000072">Impreſſus ſemel motus illi lapidi in <lb></lb>imaginariis ſpatiis conſtituto foret æquabi<lb></lb>lis, & perpetuus, attractionis refringentis <lb></lb>defectu. </s> <s id="id.000073">Comprobatur ex dictis de æquabili<lb></lb>tate motus horizontalis, & ex conſtantia <lb></lb>motus rei penſilis, cuius excurſus, & recur<lb></lb>ſus præcipue ob ſolam ipſius chordæ, par<lb></lb>tium ve eius quaſi ſarcinulas ſensìm re<lb></lb>fringuntur, ac denique ceſſant.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.62. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000074"><emph type="italics"></emph>XVII. </s> <s id="id.000075">Poteſt ſimplex Terræ attractio & <lb></lb>emonere lapidem à quiete in aëre, & ſuperæa<lb></lb>re reſiſtentiam ſuppoſiti aëris. </s> <s id="id.000076">Si mobile vno <lb></lb>ictu pulſum, pluribus ſimilibus continenter <lb></lb>pulſetur, ipſius velocitas continenter auge<lb></lb>bitur. </s> <s id="id.000077">Lapis in aere, ſeu à Terra, ſeu ab aëre, <lb></lb>ſeu ab vtroque continenter ictus accipiat, <lb></lb>non poteſt continuò non accelerari. </s> <s id="id.000078">Si ab al<lb></lb>tera, ſimplicive tantum cauſa moueretur, <lb></lb>velocitas eius increſceret ſecundum ſeriem <lb></lb>vastatum. </s> <s id="id.000079">Atqui increſcit ſecundum ſe<lb></lb>riem numerorum ab vnitate imparium.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.66. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000080"><emph type="italics"></emph>XVIII. </s> <s id="id.000081">Coniungenda ut<gap></gap>aque cauſa: vt <lb></lb>ſit in primo momento unus ictus à Terra at<lb></lb>trahente: in ſecundo ſint duo, vnus à Ter<lb></lb>ra attrahente, alius ab aere impellente, & <lb></lb>conſequenter ſingulis momentis duo: ſicque, <lb></lb>cum impetus omnes maneant, ſint in primo <lb></lb>momento, 1. in ſecundo 3. in tertio 5. & quæ <lb></lb>eſt progreſsio numerorum imparium. </s> <s id="id.000083">Heinc <lb></lb>ſequitur ſpatia in fine cuiuſque momenti ab <lb></lb>vſque initio qua ſita eſſe 1. 4. 9. & c. quæ <lb></lb>ſunt quadrata momentorum. </s> <s id="id.000085">Declaratur res <lb></lb>ſchemate. </s> <s id="id.000086">Cur graue proiectum tanto aſcen<lb></lb>dat tempore, quanto deinceps deſcendit. </s> <s id="id.000087">Ea<lb></lb>dem proportio ſeruatur in rebus obliquè de<lb></lb>cidentibus: & in excurſibus, recurſibuſque <lb></lb>rerum penſilium. </s> <s id="id.000088">An caſurus fuerit eadem <lb></lb>incrementi velocitatis proportione demiſſus <lb></lb>in centrum lapis à Terræ ſuperficie, à luna, <lb></lb>à Sole, à Fixis?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.69. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000089"><emph type="italics"></emph>XIX. </s> <s id="id.000090">Vis motrix in re proiecta non aliud, <lb></lb>quàm impreſſus motus, qui ex ſe in eo perſe<lb></lb>ueraret perpetuò, niſi facta à Terra attra<lb></lb>ctione labefactaretur. </s> <s id="id.000091">Imprimitur, dum mo<lb></lb>uens iunctum mobili ipſum ſecum monet, & <lb></lb>aliquo vſque in viam tenendam comitatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000092">Motus reflexus cum directo continüatus, ab <lb></lb>eadem cauſa cum illo eſt. </s> <s id="id.000093">Reflexio, & inci<lb></lb>dentia ad angulos pareis, eadem lege, qua <lb></lb>emerſio, & procidentia in re penſili.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.74. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000094"><emph type="italics"></emph>XX. </s> <s id="id.000095">Differtur tractatio de argumento ex <lb></lb>motu verum ſurſum proiectarum reciden<lb></lb>tiumque ad quietem Terræ aſſerendam aſ<lb></lb>ſumpto, in occaſionem aliam. </s> <s id="id.000096">Epiſtola con<lb></lb>cluditur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p 77. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000097"><emph type="center"></emph>EPISTOLÆ POSTERIORIS.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000098"><emph type="italics"></emph>I. PRoponitur agendum de imbecillitate <lb></lb>argumenti, quo ab Ariſtotele vſque <lb></lb>probatur Terram quieſcere. </s> <s id="id.000099">Seneca rem diſ<lb></lb>quiſitione non indignam cenſuit, moueatur-<lb></lb>ne Terra, an-non. </s> <s id="id.000100">Plato eam moueri opina<lb></lb>tus eſt. </s> <s id="id.000101">Argumentum vulgare pro quiete, <lb></lb>Quòd lapis ſursùm directè protectus e pup<lb></lb>pi, dum navis mouetur, non recidat in puppim <lb></lb>intereà ſubductam. </s> <s id="id.000102">Cùm exemplam hoc fal<lb></lb>ſum ſit, videtur argumentum poſſe retor-<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb xlink:href="027/01/005.jpg"></pb><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>queri <emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.79. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000103">II. <emph type="italics"></emph>Declaratur ſchemate, quomodo lapis <lb></lb>ſurſam protectus ſecundam altitudinem <lb></lb>Turris, non poßit defers à Turri, tametſi <lb></lb>Terra eam transferat; quoniam lapis vnà <lb></lb>tranſfertur, propter metum, quo Terra mo<lb></lb>uens horizontaliter manum preiicientem, <lb></lb> ſimùl lapidem : qanquam hic motus, <lb></lb>quòd ſit tam oculo, quàm turri, lapi lique <lb></lb>communis, obſeruabilis non ſit, ſed ſolus eſſe, <lb></lb>qui ſursùm, ac deorſùm, ſeu perpendicularis <lb></lb>eſt.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p. </s> <s id="id.000104">S9. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000105">III. <emph type="italics"></emph>Motus Terræinobſeruabilis, niſi quis <lb></lb>illo non abripiatur. </s> <s id="id.000106">Aer idem eſt Terræ glo<lb></lb>bo, quod lanugo malo cotoneo. </s> <s id="id.000107">Ob fluidita<lb></lb>tem non-nihil retardatur; vnde & appa<lb></lb>ret in occaſum moueri. </s> <s id="id.000108">Inde nauigatio in <lb></lb>occaſum, quàm in ortum facilior. </s> <s id="id.000109">Quomodo <lb></lb>motus horizontalis imprimatur lapidi, qua<lb></lb>tenus Terra transfert proiectorem? </s> <s id="id.000110">Quomo<lb></lb>do volucri, dum transfert rem, à qua illa <lb></lb>auolat, & aerem, cui deinceps alis innititur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000111">Quomodo nubi, aut plumæ? </s> <s id="id.000112">vente, ignea<lb></lb>ve traiectioni?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.91. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000113">IV. <emph type="italics"></emph>Diſcrimen inter aerem, & mundanum <lb></lb>spatium, in quo aer. </s> <s id="id.000114">Spatium immotum; <lb></lb>aer cum Terra mobilis. </s> <s id="id.000115">Heinc lapis vide<lb></lb>ri poteſt deſcribere rectam lineam tam <lb></lb>aſcendendo, quàm exſcendende per aerem, <lb></lb>& intereà tamen deſcribere lineam para<lb></lb>bolicam per spatium mundanam. </s> <s id="id.000116">Poteſt <lb></lb>videns viam exiguam conficere per aerem, <lb></lb>& conficere tamen per spatium mundanum <lb></lb>pro<gap></gap>. </s> <s id="id.000117">Quid ſit diſcriminis in motu <lb></lb>proiecti ſurſum lapidis, prout ſpectatur <lb></lb> cum motu nauis, aut cum motu Terræ con<lb></lb>iunctus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.96. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000118">V. <emph type="italics"></emph>Declaratur non concludere, quod obii<lb></lb>citur de globorum exploſione in ortum, in <lb></lb>occaſum, in auſtrum, in boream, & ſur<lb></lb>ſum, ex dictis à ſimili de proiectis è naui: <lb></lb>cum motus Terræ globo impreſſus impri<lb></lb>matur etiam machinæ, ac proinde motu eo<lb></lb>dem communi exiſtente Terræ, machinæ, <lb></lb>ipſi globo, ſolus exploſionis motus ſuperſit, <lb></lb>cuius occaſione globus perinde recedat à <lb></lb>machina, ſeu quieſcat, ſeu moueatur Terra.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>p.99. <lb></lb></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000119">VI. <emph type="italics"></emph>Neque quod obiicitur de apparente So<lb></lb>lis motu, & Terræ quiete, ob viſus falle<lb></lb>ciam. </s> <s id="id.000120">Vt enim maris inexpertus, ſi non co<lb></lb>gitans conſtituatur in naui tranſlata, iura<lb></lb>bit ipſam quieſcere, aliam anchoris firma<lb></lb>tam moveri; ita nos non cogitantes nati is <lb></lb>Terra, poſſumus, ſi ea circa Solem in mun<lb></lb>dano spario quieſcentem transferatur, exiſti<lb></lb>mare ipſam immotam, Solem circa ipſam <lb></lb>moueri. </s> <s id="id.000121">Neque licebit illum hortari, vt <lb></lb>ſeuſum ratione corrigat, quem nos pari iure <lb></lb>moneamur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.104. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000122">VII. <emph type="italics"></emph>Idem dicendum, quod attinet ad cæ<lb></lb>tera ſidera exoriri viſa, & occidere ex con<lb></lb>uerſione Terræ in ortum. </s> <s id="id.000123">Sic apparet attoli <lb></lb>Polus ex ſolo noſtri verſus ipſum progreſſu. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000124">Argumenta aliquot à ſimili. </s> <s id="id.000125">Violentia ex <lb></lb>raptu primi mobilis ſublata ex ſimplici Ter<lb></lb>ræ conuerſione in ortum. </s> <s id="id.000126">Soliditas orbium <lb></lb>cæleſtium cum abſeruatis, & ratione pu<lb></lb>gnans. </s> <s id="id.000127">Argumentum ex apparente Cometa<lb></lb>rum & omnium ſublimium in <gap></gap>aſum mo<lb></lb>tu. </s> <s id="id.000128">Ex rapiditate, quinquagies millies in <lb></lb>cælo, quàm in Terra vt maiore, ſic abſur<lb></lb>diore. </s> <s id="id.000129">Diſtractio partium Terræ non ti<lb></lb>menda. </s> <s id="id.000130">Arg√umentum ex figura Terræ ſua<lb></lb>pte natura volubili.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.107. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000131">VIII. <emph type="italics"></emph>Grauitas eſt partium Terræ propria, <lb></lb>vt vniantur; non totius, vt tendat in cen<lb></lb>trum. </s> <s id="id.000132">In mundo nihil eſt ex ſe ſupremum, <lb></lb>aut infinum, ſed ſolùm extremum, aut me<lb></lb>dium. </s> <s id="id.000133">Non tendunt grauia in centrum ſeu <lb></lb>Terræ, ſeu mundi, niſi ex accidenti. </s> <s id="id.000134">Graui<lb></lb>tas eſt vis non tam grauibus inſita, quàm <lb></lb>magneticè à Telluris mole impreſſa. </s> <s id="id.000135">Leuitas <lb></lb>nihil aliud, quàm grauitas minor. </s> <s id="id.000136">Compre<lb></lb>batur variis exëmplis, at in igne potißimàm, <lb></lb>qui ſurſum, non vt ſphæram potens, ſed vt <lb></lb>ab aere abactus contendit. </s> <s id="id.000137">Motus recti ſur<lb></lb>ſùm, & deorsùm, tanquam partium proprij, <lb></lb>motui circulari, tanquam proprio totius non <lb></lb>obstant. </s> <s id="id.000138">Idem iuris poteſt & Luna, & aliis <lb></lb>globis competere. </s> <s id="id.000139">Terra non minùs mobilis <lb></lb>per ætherem, quàm Luna. </s> <s id="id.000140">Cùm nihil pen<lb></lb>dat, hanc inepta Archimedia ſponſio fuit.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>p.112. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000141">IX. <emph type="italics"></emph>Ordo partium mundi Pythagoricus,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb xlink:href="027/01/006.jpg"></pb><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>ſeu Copernicanus. </s> <s id="id.000142">Sol in centro, Fixæ in <lb></lb>circumſerentia immotæ. </s> <s id="id.000143">Medio in spatio <lb></lb>Planetæ mobiles, ac in ipſis Terra inter Ve<lb></lb>nerem, & Martem. </s> <s id="id.000144">Diſtantia Fixarum tan<lb></lb>ta, vt magnus orbis, cuius ſemidiameter ſit <lb></lb>à sole ad Terram, pro puncto habeatur, com<lb></lb>paratus ad ipſam. </s> <s id="id.000145">Duplex Terræ motus, <lb></lb>Diurnus circa proprium axem, Annuus <lb></lb>ſub Zodiaci ſignis, in quorum vno dum eſt, <lb></lb>apparet Solin oppoſito eſſe. </s> <s id="id.000146">Continetur ſem-<lb></lb>per axis Terræ in ſui paralliliſmo & duci <lb></lb>in Formamentum congruus, deſcribit qui<lb></lb>dem circulum tantum circa polum mundi, <lb></lb>quantus circulus magni orbis eſt, ſed qui <lb></lb>heinc tamen appareat vt punctum. </s> <s id="id.000147">Conti<lb></lb>nentia hac non omninô aſſequuta motum <lb></lb>centri, retrahit ſenſim æquinoctialia puncta <lb></lb>in ſignorum antecedentia.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.122. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000148">X. <emph type="italics"></emph>Tranſlata per Eclipticam Terra, Sol <lb></lb>perinde videbitur Eclipticam percurrere, <lb></lb>& Eclipſes haud ſecùs contingent, quàm ſi <lb></lb>in centro quieſceret. </s> <s id="id.000149">Si Terra habetur Pla<lb></lb>netarum vnus, omnes tam motu, quàm ma<lb></lb>gnitudine congruunt; ſi non habetur, diſſo<lb></lb>nant. </s> <s id="id.000150">Luna videtur altera Terra. </s> <s id="id.000151">Licet <lb></lb>Terra <expan abbr="exiracentrũ">extra centrum</expan> Firmamentiſ et, videtur <lb></lb>tamen hemiſphærium, quod duæ parallelæ, <lb></lb>vna per centrum, alia per terræ ſuperficiem <lb></lb>traductæ, ad ſenſum tandem <expan abbr="coẽant">coeant</expan>. </s> <s id="id.000152">Axis <lb></lb>Terræ continentia, & Fixarum diſtantia <lb></lb>facit, vt vbicumque in Zodiaco Terræ ſit, <lb></lb>eædem ſtellæ verticales, eadem altitudo po<lb></lb>laris appareat. </s> <s id="id.000153">Eadem axis, at ſimùl æqua<lb></lb>toris continentia & dierum, noctiumque <lb></lb>inqualitatem, & æſtatis, ac hiemis vicißi<lb></lb>tudinem parit. </s> <s id="id.000154">Stellæ Fixæ apparent pro<lb></lb>moveri, iuxta ſignorum ſeriem, quòd ſectio<lb></lb>nes aquinoctiales regrediantur aduerſus <lb></lb>easdem.</s> <s id="id.a00154">Sol Apogeius, ac Perigeius appares, <lb></lb>quod Terrra Aphelia & Perihelia fiat.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb><lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Motus Planetarum circæ Solem ellipticus, <lb></lb>non circularis.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.132. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000155">XI. <emph type="italics"></emph>Tranſlata per Zodiacum <expan abbr="Terrã">Terra</expan>, nullus <lb></lb>eſt Planetarum, qui non vno tenore, ac ſuam <lb></lb>ſemper viam procedat. </s> <s id="id.000156">Regreßiones illæ, <lb></lb>Stationeſque, quæ in vulgari ſententia tan<lb></lb>tæ inconcinnitatis ſunt, non-niſi apparenter <lb></lb>fiunt. </s> <s id="id.000157">Res declaratur in Mercurio, & Ve<lb></lb>nere; itemque in Marte, Ioue, ac Saturne. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000158">Sol in medio omnium congruè collocatus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000159">Conſtitutus in centro Sol, & nihilominùs <lb></lb>ſibi ipſi motu circiter menſtruo circumdu<lb></lb>ctus (quod monſtrant eius Macula) vide<lb></lb>tur Planetas omneis ſuis veluti magneticis <lb></lb>radiis circumagere, propriores rapidiùs, re<lb></lb>motiores ſegus.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.142. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000160">XII. <emph type="italics"></emph>Ex motu Terræ attributo æſtus maris <lb></lb>deducitur, & exemplo nauiculæ aqua ſemi<lb></lb>plenæ declaratur. </s> <s id="id.000161">Ex motu diurno, & an<lb></lb>nuo coniunctes oritur bis in die in æqualitas, <lb></lb>ob quam mare quotidie bis fluat, at refluat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000162">Res mediterraneo mars applicatur. </s> <s id="id.000163">In eræ <lb></lb>Prouinciæ attollitur mare, ac deprimitur ad <lb></lb>ſeſqui-pedem. </s> <s id="id.000164">Creata ſpeciali inæqualitate <lb></lb>circa ſolſtitia, & æquinoctia, fit aſtus vehe<lb></lb>mentior, ſed circa æquinoctia præſertìm. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000165">Creatâ aliâ ob conſtitutam in coniunctione, <lb></lb>aut oppoſitione Lunam, fit quoque æſtus in <lb></lb>nouiluniis, ac in pleniluniis maior. </s> <s id="id.000166">Ex motu <lb></lb>Terra æſtus maris, ex aſtu maris motus <lb></lb>Terræ efficitur probabilis. </s> <s id="id.000167">Declaratur res <lb></lb>iterum nauiculæ comparatione.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.149. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000168">XIII. <emph type="italics"></emph>Statur decreto Cardinalium de <lb></lb>Terra quieſcente, non mota. </s> <s id="id.000169">Epiſtola con<lb></lb>cluditur.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.155. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000170">Poſt ſcriptum. <emph type="italics"></emph>Explicatur Problema; <lb></lb>Quam ob cauſam fiat, vt res flexilis, veluti <lb></lb>virga, aut lamina, vbi manu deflexa eſt, di<lb></lb>mittente manu moueatur, ſuumque ſitum <lb></lb>repetat?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> p.157. </s> </p> <pb xlink:href="027/01/007.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000171"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>SVMMA PRIVILEGII.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000172">JVxta Priuilegium à Rege Chriſtianiſſimo conceſſum, cautum eſt, ne quis toto regne <lb></lb>imprimat, alibive impreſſas diuendat PETRI GASSENDI <emph type="italics"></emph>De Metu impreſſo a <lb></lb>Motore tranſlato, Epiſtolas duas<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>, præter LVD. DI HIVQVEVILLE, Bibliopolam Pa<lb></lb>riſienſem, idque in decennium, ſub ſolitis pœnis, Datum Pariſiis 8. April. 1642</s> <s id="id.000173">Signa<lb></lb>tum CEDERET </s> </p> <pb pagenum="1" xlink:href="027/01/008.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.027.01.008.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/008/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000174"><emph type="center"></emph>DE MOTV IMPRESSO <lb></lb>A MOTORE TRANSLATO. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>EPISTOLA PRIMA.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000175"><emph type="center"></emph>VIRO ERVDITO ET AMICO SINCERO <lb></lb>PETRO PVTEANO CLAVDI. F. <lb></lb>PETRVS GASSENDVS S.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000176">INSINVAVIT Luillerius noſter <lb></lb>poſtremis ſuis literis, adhibuiſſe te ægrè <lb></lb>fidem ijs, quæ ad ipſum perſcripſeram, <lb></lb>de factis à me circa motum Proje<lb></lb>ctilium experimentis. </s> <s id="id.000177">Id verò miratus non ſum, qui <lb></lb>perſpectum habeo nihil poſſe magis paradoxum ſa<lb></lb>pere; & noui alios præclaros viros, quibus res eſt <lb></lb>viſa non minùs improbabilis, quoadvſque fuere ip<lb></lb>ſimet experti. </s> <s id="id.000178">Occaſionem certè explorandi denuò <lb></lb>rei veritatem fecit mihi nuper Prorex optimius; cùm <lb></lb>profectus Maſſiliam, me in comitatum adhibitum <lb></lb>voluit. </s> <s id="id.000179">Quippe, vt eſt pereruditus, & quicquid tem-<pb pagenum="2" xlink:href="027/01/009.jpg"></pb>poris à curis ciuilibus reſiduum eſt, liberalibus ſtu<lb></lb>djis impertitur, non paucos in itinere ſermones de <lb></lb>Motu conſeruït. </s> <s id="id.000180">Ipſe recenſui obiter tum obſerua<lb></lb>ta propria, tum quæ Galileus congeſſit adſtruen<lb></lb>do illi Theoremati, <emph type="italics"></emph>Si id corpus, cui inſiſtimus, trans<lb></lb>feratur, motus omneis noſtros, rerúmqne à nobis mo<lb></lb>bilium perinde fieri, appareréque, ac ſi illud quieſceret.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>Cùm rem verò eſſe præter omnem fidem, non tam <lb></lb>doctus Princeps, quàm alij quidam ex comitatu <lb></lb>opinarentur; ſtupuerunt ſanè, cùm iuſſi tam cur<lb></lb>ru, quàm equo periculum facere, deprehenderunt, <lb></lb>ſeu quieſcerent, ſeu concitatiſſimè transferrentur, <lb></lb>res ſursùm projectas, perinde in manum redire; ma<lb></lb>nu dimiſſas, ſecundum eandem ſui, equi, aut cur<lb></lb>rus lineam cadere; emiſſas antrorsùm, nec propiùs, <lb></lb>nec longiùs terram petere; depulſas retrorsùm, <lb></lb>nihilo ſeciùs à tergo diſcedere; directas ad dex<lb></lb>tram, læuam ve, intra lateralem lineam ex æquo <lb></lb>teneri. </s> <s id="id.000181">Poſteà, vt planè conuincerentur, deducen<lb></lb>di fuere ad mare, obſeruaturi, Vtrum naui velociſ<lb></lb>ſimè tranſlata, perinde atque quieſcente, lapis ſur<lb></lb>sùm projectus, v. c. ex pede mali, ſecundum mali <lb></lb>longitudinem, tueretur ſemper tam aſcendendo, <lb></lb>quàm deſcendendo eandem à malo diſtantiam, & <lb></lb>ad pedem mali, ſeu in eundem locum præciſè, re<lb></lb>cideret Vtrum manu ad ſummum malum quieſcen<lb></lb>te, & abſque vlla vi dimiſſus lapis, in eundem pe<lb></lb>dem incideret. </s> <s id="id.000182">Vtrum pari vi ex puppi in proram, <lb></lb>& ex prora in puppin tranſmiſſus, pari impetu fer<lb></lb>ri appareret, parque ſpatium conficere. </s> <s id="id.000183">Vtrum actus <pb pagenum="3" xlink:href="027/01/010.jpg"></pb>tranſuersùm, obliquè, & quacúmque demùm ra<lb></lb>tione, haud diſpar motus exhiberetur. </s> <s id="id.000184">Cæterùm res <lb></lb>ita ſucceſſit, vt nihil ampliùs hæſerint; cùm acta Tri<lb></lb>remi ea celeritate, vt intra horæ quadrantem, mari <lb></lb>aperto, tranquillóque, milliaria quatuor peruade<lb></lb>ret, iſta, aliáque obſeruitârunt. </s> <s id="id.000185">Miraculo autem <lb></lb>potiſſimùm fuit, lapidem è vertice mali abſque vi, <lb></lb>aut jactu dimiſſum, tam ex parte puppis à malo non <lb></lb>deſeri, quàm ex parte proræ ab eo non attingi: ſed <lb></lb>in eadem ſemper diſtantia, ſeu ſecundum lineam ip<lb></lb>ſi parallelam continuò delabi. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000186">II. </s> <s id="id.000187">Ac non hæreo quidem, optime virorum, <lb></lb>quin tu quoque dediſſes manus, ſi quadam ſorte <lb></lb>contigiſſet adeſſe te ſpectaculo; verùm non propte<lb></lb>reà mihi adrogo, vt (licet me virum fidei plenum <lb></lb>habeas) tenearis idcircò hiſtoriam narranti nudam <lb></lb>aſſentiri. </s> <s id="id.000188">Addo potiùs cauſam, quâ ſemel perſpectâ, <lb></lb>te non diſſenſurum confidam; ac prouoco ſimùl ad <lb></lb>experimenta adeò factu facilia, vt nihil neceſſe exi<lb></lb>ſtimes mare proptereà ipſum adire. </s> <s id="id.000189">Et cauſa quidem <lb></lb>generalis eſt, quia, Quicquid mouetur, motum ſuum <lb></lb>imprimit rebus omnibus, quas ſuſtentat: Reſque <lb></lb>perinde emittuntur, ſiue emittens motum à ſe, ſiue <lb></lb>ab alio impreſſum habeat. </s> <s id="id.000190">Experimentum verò fa<lb></lb>cillimum eſt, vt dum per prolixiorem illam nobiliſ<lb></lb>ſimæ Bibliothecæ deambulabis pergulam, pilam lu<lb></lb>ſoriam, aliumve globum manu teneas, remque ex<lb></lb>plores. </s> <s id="id.000191">Imprimis quippe notius eſt, quàm vt mo<lb></lb>neri debeat, pilam tua manu ſuſtentatam tantun<lb></lb>dem moueri, quantum ipſam manum; ſeu manum <pb pagenum="4" xlink:href="027/01/011.jpg"></pb>eundem pilæ motum imprimere, quem ipſa habet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000192">Quieſce deinde reliquo corpore, & agitata ſola <lb></lb>manu, vel manu ſimùl cum bracchio, proijce antror<lb></lb>sùm, retrorsùmve pilam; excedet illa, procurretque <lb></lb>quam in partem conjeceris. </s> <s id="id.000193">Reſume, & pilam ma<lb></lb>nu aperta tenens, nihil age ipſe: ſed eſto alius, qui <lb></lb>manum, bracchiumve propellat; haud ſecus excedet, <lb></lb>procurretque pila, ac priùs, dum ipſam ſpontaneo <lb></lb>motu abijceres. </s> <s id="id.000194">Tene rursùs pilam aperta manu, & <lb></lb>nihil perinde age nec manu, nec bracchio; ſed loco <lb></lb>alterius, qui propellat, eſto ipſum-met corpus tuum, <lb></lb>quod emotum paulò concitatiùs bracchium, manu<lb></lb>que transferat, parivelocitate, qua alius antè propul<lb></lb>ſarat; videbis rursùs pilam perinde excedere, pro<lb></lb>curreréque. </s> <s id="id.000195">Nimirùm corpus reliquum pro agente <lb></lb>externo eſt, quod mouere manum, & bracchium, <lb></lb>corpore immoto, ob articulorum flexibilitatem po<lb></lb>teſt. </s> <s id="id.000196">Iam, quia de his minùs dubitabis, hærebis ma<lb></lb>gis quid ſit euenturum, vbi extento bracchio, pilam <lb></lb>ſuſtentatam duobus digitis abſque vlla vi, agitatio<lb></lb>néque manus propria, deambulando dimiſeris. </s> <s id="id.000197">Id <lb></lb>experire itaque; & peruidebis pilam ſequi, procur<lb></lb>reréque in eandem partem, in quam ipſe conceſſeris; <lb></lb>neque euenire vnquam, vt vel conſtet, vel recurrat <lb></lb>in partem auerſam. </s> <s id="id.000198">An-non proinde agnoſces ha<lb></lb>bere pilam motum à manu, non quem ipſi manus <lb></lb>motu proprio imprimat, ſed quem imprimat motu <lb></lb>accepto à reliquo corpore; adeò vt cùm pila, quo <lb></lb>momento dimittitur, moueatur reipſa, <expan abbr="impulſio-nemq;">impulſio<lb></lb>nemque</expan> antrorsùm habeat, non poſſit motum non con-<pb pagenum="5" xlink:href="027/01/012.jpg"></pb>tinüare, & perinde perficere, ac ſi immoto corpore <lb></lb>ſtante, mota manus ſola motum impreſſiſſet? </s> <s id="id.000199">En <lb></lb>verò, quod magis mirere. </s> <s id="id.000200">Conſiſte primùm in per<lb></lb>gulæ medio, & nunc antrorsùm, nunc retrorsum, <lb></lb>moderata vi pilam conijce: adeò vt ad certum vſ<lb></lb>que ſpatium, quod notari poſſit, vtrímque excurrat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000201">Incede deinde, & ab vna parte ad idem medium <lb></lb>perueniens (nec moueri proptereà codem tenore de<lb></lb>ſinens) pari vi pilam conijce. </s> <s id="id.000202">Videbis profectò pro<lb></lb>jectam antrorsùm excurrere longiùs, quam excur<lb></lb>rerit anteà; projectam verò retrorsùm, vel excur<lb></lb>rere breuiùs, vel conſiſtere, vel etiam te ſequi. </s> <s id="id.000203">Cau<lb></lb>ſa nempe eſt, Quia cùm antrorsùm conijcis, dupli<lb></lb>cem illi imprimis vim; altera quippe eſt manus pro<lb></lb>pria, & qualis anteà erat, cùm ſtares corpore immo<lb></lb>to; altera corporis ipſius, quâ eidem manui com<lb></lb>municatâ, efficitur, vt manus feratur antrorsùm ce<lb></lb>leriùs; quàm ipſa ſola, & reliquo corpore quieſcente, <lb></lb>moueretur. </s> <s id="id.000204">Ex quo fit, vt pila accepto velociore <lb></lb>motu, moueatur velociùs, & procurrat vlteriùs. </s> <s id="id.000205">Cùm <lb></lb>proijcis verò retrorsùm, vides à manu non alium <lb></lb>motum, quàm ipſius proprium verſus eam partem <lb></lb>imprimi; nam qui motus eſt à reliquo corpore, in <lb></lb>oppoſitam tendit partem. </s> <s id="id.000206">Conſideranda eſt ergo <lb></lb>manus cùm duplici motu, vno ſibi proprio retror<lb></lb>sùm, altero ex corporis tranſlatione antrorsùm. </s> <s id="id.000207">Ex <lb></lb>hoc enim fit, primò, vt pila nunquam poſſit tantun<lb></lb>dem retrorsùm excurrere, ac excurrerat anteà; quo<lb></lb>niam licet manus motu proprio moueatur æqualiter; <lb></lb>non tantundem tamen promouetur retrorsùm, quòd <pb pagenum="6" xlink:href="027/01/013.jpg"></pb>motus tranſlatitius ipſam intereà antrorsùm abripiat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000208">Deinde fit, vt ſi proprius quidem fuerit velocior <lb></lb>tranſlatitio, tum pila non-nihil retrorsùm excurrat, <lb></lb>quaſi manu aliquantò magis retrorsùm, quàm an<lb></lb>trorsùm promota. </s> <s id="id.000209">Sin æquè velox fuerit, tum pila <lb></lb>neque retrorsùm, neque antrorsùm excurrat, ſed in <lb></lb>eodem loco conſiſtat, quaſi in neutram partem pro<lb></lb>jecta, & ad perpendiculum cadens; quòd vno motu <lb></lb>alium compenſante, & neutro alterum ſuperante, <lb></lb>manus eo momento veluti immota cohæreat. </s> <s id="id.000210">Si <lb></lb>denique fuerit minùs velox; tum pila ſequatur, & <lb></lb>antrorſum, ſeu in eandem tecum partem decurrat, <lb></lb>quaſi in illam magis acta motu tranſlatitio, quàm in <lb></lb>oppoſitam proprio. </s> <s id="id.000211">Et vis ipſe rem ſpectare jucun<lb></lb>diùs? </s> <s id="id.000212">Iube hæc peragi ab alio; tu verò in medio per<lb></lb>gulæ conſiſte è regione manus, qua ille pilam pro<lb></lb>ijciet. </s> <s id="id.000213">Tum illo ambulante, & antrorsùm, proijcien<lb></lb>te, videbis manum vlteriùs, quam quieſcente pro<lb></lb>moueri, & pilam proinde majore impetu emitti, mo<lb></lb>uerique velociùs, & ferri vlteriùs. </s> <s id="id.000214">Proijciente au<lb></lb>tem retrorsùm, videbis manum nunc minus promo<lb></lb>ueri, ſicque pilam ſegniùs eijci: nunc tantundem, ſic<lb></lb>que pilam ad perpendiculum cadere; nunc non mo<lb></lb>dò nihil promoueri, ſed antrorsùm quoque magis <lb></lb>pertrahi; ſicque pilam virum ambulantem ſequi. </s> <s id="id.000215">Ad<lb></lb>moneo autem, vt ad alium, dum experitur, attendas: <lb></lb>quia dum ipſemet experiris, adnotare minimè potes <lb></lb>velocitatis diſcrimina, ob motum tranſlatitium facta. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000216">Quippe, quia tuus oculus eodem ſimùl motu tranſ<lb></lb>fertur, obſeruare non poteſt motum, quo manus ſi-<pb pagenum="7" xlink:href="027/01/014.jpg"></pb>mùl agitur, quique vnus idemque eſt, atque idcircô pro <lb></lb>non motu, ſeu, quod idem eſt, pro quiete re putatur: at<lb></lb>tendit verò ſolùm ad motiones alias, quas manus in<lb></lb>tereà ob flexilitatem exſerere poteſt. </s> <s id="id.000217">Ex quo capite eſt, <lb></lb>vt pila antrorſùm à te inter ambulandum projecta non <lb></lb>videatur ire velociùs, quàm proiecta inter quieſcen<lb></lb>dum; quia videlicet quantum motus corporis totius <lb></lb>pilam promouet, tantundem etiam promouet <expan abbr="oculũ">oculum</expan>, <lb></lb><expan abbr="ipſeq;">ipſeque</expan> adeò oculus, <expan abbr="tantundẽ">tantundem</expan> ex motu pilæ nó agnoſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000218">Ill. </s> <s id="id.000219">An Paradoxum heic interjiciam, occaſione experi<lb></lb>menti, quod ab iſto loco alienum non ſit? </s> <s id="id.000220">Deambula <lb></lb>bracchiis paſſis, liberéque pendentibus; ea prorſùm, <lb></lb>rurſumque ſponte mouebuntur; & vbi paſſu tantiſper <lb></lb>grandi, animatóque inceſſeris, tum ſenſibiliùs antè, <lb></lb>ac ponè, reſpectu trunci corporis fient. </s> <s id="id.000221">Habe intereà <lb></lb>pilam ad manum, quam ſine vlla contentione manus, <lb></lb>bracchiive dimittas; ac tum, ſi dimiſeris quidem, dum <lb></lb>manus anteriùs contendet, non anterius modò moue<lb></lb>bitur, ſed duplò etiam celeriùs mouebitur, quàm cor<lb></lb>poris truncus. </s> <s id="id.000222">Sin dum manus poſteriùs fiet, neutram <lb></lb>in partem mouebitur, ſed ad perpendiculum ſemper <lb></lb>cadet. </s> <s id="id.000223">Id mirabile: ſed nihilominùs Paradoxum penes <lb></lb>cauſam eſt, quæ videbitur tibi mirabilior. </s> <s id="id.000224">An non pu-<lb></lb>tas enim bracchia ire, ac redire, & manus extremas, vt <lb></lb>aliquod ſpatium antrorſùm conficiunt, ita retrorſùm <lb></lb>conficere? </s> <s id="id.000225">Et dico tamen, Bracchia numquam redire, <lb></lb>flective retrorſùm: ac manus extremas, quanto tempo<lb></lb>re videntur ſpatium retrò conficere, tanto conſiſtere <lb></lb>immotas. </s> <s id="id.000226">Admirationem vt eximam, velim primùm <lb></lb>vt deambulando incedas iuxta parietem, quem ſecun-<pb pagenum="8" xlink:href="027/01/015.jpg"></pb>dum totum inceſſum extrema pars manus (vnguiſve <lb></lb>medij digiti) quaſi præter cadens leuiter contingat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000227">Perſenties enim manum quidem antrorſùm exporrigi: <lb></lb>ſed non tamen ex eo puncto, in quod deſinet exporre<lb></lb>ctio, manum retrorſùm fieri; quin potiùs in eo quieſ<lb></lb>cere, exſpectaréque donec rurſùs exporrigatur antror<lb></lb>ſùm. </s> <s id="id.000228">Agnoſces' & bracchium ab extrema manu ad <lb></lb>ſcapulam vſque, poſtquam exporrecta manus fuerit, <lb></lb>non retrorſùm agi, ſed extrema manu firmata, & qua<lb></lb>ſi centro facta, promoueri antrorſùm inſtar radij, cuius <lb></lb>extremum, & quaſi pars circumferentiæ ſit ſcapula, <lb></lb>quæ cùm ſit manu poſterior prouehetur ſenſim, quo<lb></lb>vſque illi ad perpendiculum fiat, & vlteriùs prouecta <lb></lb>anterior euadat. </s> <s id="id.000229">Ac niſi tu quidem id poſſis ſatis ani<lb></lb>maduertere, iube alium id experiti, tuque intereà eius <lb></lb>manum, bracchium, ſcapulamque reſpecta; & manife<lb></lb>ſta tibi res fiet; ſimúlque pernoſces etiam incedentem <lb></lb>in aëre medio extremum digitum firmare, & ſuper co <lb></lb>quaſi centro bracchium, ſcapulamque circumducere. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000230">Velim prætereà vt attendas eſſe nobïs bracchia inſtar <lb></lb>crurum anteriorum; adeò vt, quemadmodum quadru<lb></lb>pedes decuſſatìm incedunt, hoc eſt ſimùl promouendo <lb></lb>eodem anteriorem dextrum cum poſteriore ſiniſtro, & <lb></lb>priorem ſiniſtrum cum poſteriore dextro; ita nos ſpon<lb></lb>te, niſi potiùs neceſſitate quadam naturæ, promouere <lb></lb>ſimùl dextram manum cum pede ſiniſtro, & ma<lb></lb>num ſiniſtram cum pede dextro, nec poſſe ſecus face<lb></lb>re, quandocúmque manus liberè dependent. </s> <s id="id.000231">Id nem<lb></lb>pe vbi obſeruâris, facile erit attendere, Quemadmo<lb></lb>dum quo tempore pes ſiniſter transfertur, & è poſtico <pb pagenum="9" xlink:href="027/01/016.jpg"></pb>anticus fit, pes dexter non proptereà regreditur, ſed ex<lb></lb>ſpectat hærendo terræ, donec ille è terra ſublatus, ter<lb></lb>ram denuò contigerit; ita profectò ſiniſtram manum, <lb></lb>quæ dextrum pedem imitatur, tempore eodem non re<lb></lb>gredi, ſed exſpectare, hærere que in aëre medio, <expan abbr="quovſq;">quovſque</expan> <lb></lb>manus dextera cum ſiniſtro pede quietem aſſequatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000232">Et conſequenter, Quemadmodum dextro pede conſi<lb></lb>ſtente, factoque vt centro, ipſum crus dextrum ad vſ<lb></lb>que coxendicem non retrorſùm abducitur, ſed ſenſim <lb></lb>inſtar radij, ex ſitu poſtico anticum acquirit; ita planè <lb></lb>bracchio ſiniſtro, quod exquiſitè pedem dextrum imi<lb></lb>tatur, contingere. </s> <s id="id.000233">Quo loco meditare quæſo admira<lb></lb>bile artificium. </s> <s id="id.000234">Videlicet pes, & coxendix duo quædam <lb></lb>alternis ſunt centra, quæ alternatim quoque duos arcus, <lb></lb>ſeu circumferentiæ portiones, eodem ſemper crure, vt <lb></lb>radio communi intercedente, deſcribant. </s> <s id="id.000235">Et quia ni<lb></lb>hilominùs coxendice non eleuata, dum pro centro eſt, <lb></lb>pes arcum deſcribens proſcindere terram non potuit; <lb></lb>ideò medium crus fuit articulatum; vt flexurâ ad genu, <lb></lb>ſeu poplitem factâ, pes deſcriberet arcum ſupra terram. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000236">Quemadmodùm etiam, quia pede non depreſſo co<lb></lb>xendix arcum deſcriptura, fuiſſet nimiùm attollenda; <lb></lb>corporiſque truncus nimiùm ſubuehendus, ſi crusto<lb></lb>rum rigidum fuiſſet; idcircò flexura eadem interceſſit, <lb></lb>quæ temperaret huiuſmodi arcum: facto intereà eodem <lb></lb>genu nunc centro, nunc extremo radio arcus ſuos, reſ<lb></lb>pectu tam tibiæ, quàm femoris, ſeu dum flectitur, ſeu <lb></lb>dum tenditur, deſcribente. </s> <s id="id.000237">Meditare etiam motus æ<lb></lb>quabilitatem, qua corporis truncus intereâ incedit, & <lb></lb>ad quam aliunde tam prolixitas, quàm flexilitas pedum <pb pagenum="10" xlink:href="027/01/017.jpg"></pb>confert; quatenùs calce vnius terram attingente, <lb></lb>& priuſquàm tota planta ſenſim ſuccedat, digiti al<lb></lb>terius (plantâ reliquâ iam elatâ) è terra attolluntur, <lb></lb>ſicque, abſque interruptione, trunci corporis motus <lb></lb>continuatur. </s> <s id="id.000238">Tametſi notandum eſt truncum non <lb></lb>promoueri ab eo pede, qui elatus eſt, proceditque <lb></lb>per aërem; ſed ab eo, qui terræ inhæret, & ſupra <lb></lb>quem crus deferens truncum euoluitur. </s> <s id="id.000239">Intelliges <lb></lb>enim ex his, quia corporis truncus æquabiliter in<lb></lb>cedit, & pedes alternatìm dimidio temporis ince<lb></lb>dunt, dimidio quieſcunt: ideò debere motum pe<lb></lb>dum eſſe motu trunci duplò velociorem; & parteis <lb></lb>crurum reliquas tantò moueri tardiùs, quàm pedes, <lb></lb>quantò accedunt propiús ad coxendices, quæ non <lb></lb>majore feruntur velocitate, quàm truncus. </s> <s id="id.000240">Intelliges <lb></lb>etiam conſequenter manus, dimidio quoque tempo<lb></lb>ris quieſcenteis, & reliquo dimidio prorſùm expor<lb></lb>rectas, moueri duplò velociùs trunco: & parteis brac<lb></lb>chij reliquas tantò moueri lentiùs, quantò magis ad <lb></lb>ſcapulas ſimùl cum trunco motas accedunt. </s> <s id="id.000241">Intelli<lb></lb>ges denique ob quam cauſam fiat, quod initio dixi, <lb></lb>pilam dimiſſam, quando manus antrorſum exporri<lb></lb>gitur, duplò velociùs moueri, quàm truncum; & <lb></lb>dimiſſam quo tempore manus retrorsùm ire apparet, <lb></lb>ad perpendiculum ſemper cadere. </s> <s id="id.000242">Nimirùm, quia <lb></lb>priore caſu motum conſequitur à manu duplò ve<lb></lb>lociùs, quàm truncus tranſlata; & poſteriore, nul<lb></lb>lum habet à manu (ſcilicet immota, conſiſtentéque) <lb></lb>impreſſum. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000243">IV. </s> <s id="id.000244">Iam cùm hæc ita ſeſe habeant, facilè cauſam <pb pagenum="11" xlink:href="027/01/018.jpg"></pb>peruidebis eorum, de quibus ad Luillerium ſcripſe<lb></lb>ram, experimentorum. </s> <s id="id.000245">Ea ſanè ſunt, quæ ipſe quo<lb></lb>que maxima ex parte peragere facillimè poſſis. </s> <s id="id.000246">Vi<lb></lb>delicet, cùm aliquando curru extra vrbem vehèris, <lb></lb>manum extra currum protende, & auriga juſſo in<lb></lb>ſtigare equos, laxaréque habenas, proijce pilam di<lb></lb>rectè ſurſum quantacúmque voles, aut poteris vi; & <lb></lb>illa haud-dubiè recidet in manum. </s> <s id="id.000247">Cur recidat au<lb></lb>tem, tibi explicabit, ſi quem juſſeris extra currum, <lb></lb>ac in via conſiſtere è regione tui, dum proijcies pi<lb></lb>lam. </s> <s id="id.000248">Ille enim videbit pilam non directè ſurſum ten<lb></lb>dere, neque ad perpendiculum deinceps recidere; <lb></lb>ſed videbit illam tendere obliquè, & quaſi arcum, <lb></lb>ſeu lineam curuam in aëre deſcribere, cuius vnum <lb></lb>extremum ſit qua parte pilam proijcies, alterum qua <lb></lb>recipies pilam. </s> <s id="id.000249">Quod autem tibi ipſi pila videatur <lb></lb>ſemper directè ſursùm, & ſecundum idem perpen<lb></lb>diculum imminens; cauſa eſt, quia quantùm illa an<lb></lb>trorsùm procedit, deflexum iter peragens, tantun<lb></lb>dem tu quoque antrorsùm proueheris, adeò vt illi <lb></lb>ſemper ſubijciaris, ipſaque eſſe ſemper appareat in <lb></lb>eodem perpendiculo. </s> <s id="id.000250">Cauſa verò cur motus pilæ à <lb></lb>rectitudine deflectatur, & curuam ſequatur, deſcri<lb></lb>batve lineam, illius compoſitio eſt, quatenus ex <lb></lb>duplici vi motrice originem habet. </s> <s id="id.000251">Nam ſi pila non <lb></lb>projecta ſursùm detineretur ſolùm in manu, pro<lb></lb>moueretur ſolùm antrorsùm, videlicet ad motum <lb></lb>currus, ac lineam rectam deſcriberet: ſi verò quieſ<lb></lb>cente curru proijceretur directè ſursùm, tunc non <lb></lb>niſi ſursùm, deorsùmque moueretur, ac rectam rur-<pb pagenum="12" xlink:href="027/01/019.jpg"></pb>sùs deſcriberet; at dum proijcitur ſursùm à manu, <lb></lb>quæ ipſa intereà mouetur antrorsùm, efficitur, vt <lb></lb>manus neque omninô ſursùm, neque omninô antror<lb></lb>sùm proijciat (videlicet motus antrorsùm, quo ab<lb></lb>ripitur, deflectit illam à motu ſursùm, quo per ſe <lb></lb>moueretur) ſed inter vtrumque, ſeu obliquè proijciat; <lb></lb>ſicque projecta pila curuam lineam neceſſariò deſcri<lb></lb>bat, cuius dimidium aſcendendo, & dimidium deſ<lb></lb>cendendo perficiatur. </s> <s id="id.000252">Et vis id pleniùs cognoſcere? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000253">Iube currum conſiſtere, proijce pilam ſursùm, &, <lb></lb>ſigno priùs aurigæ dato, excedat currus, quam pri<lb></lb>mùm projeceris; non recidet illa profectò in manum, <lb></lb>ſed longè à curru locum prætervecto; illeque idem, <lb></lb>qui è regione tui conſtiterit, deſcribentem videbit, <lb></lb>non arcum, ſed rectam, perpendicularemque li<lb></lb>neam, propter motum ſursùm ſimplicem, incom<lb></lb>poſitumque, & qui ſolius manus fuit proprius, ipſo <lb></lb>curru nihil conferente. </s> <s id="id.000254">Profer deinde caput extra <lb></lb>currum, & deſignato in parte currus inferiore puncto <lb></lb>aliquo, quod in eadem linea perpendiculari cum <lb></lb>oculo tuo ſit; ac tum, tranſlato citatiſſimè curru, <lb></lb>admoue pilam ad oculum, ipſamque nulla facta vi <lb></lb>à manu dimitte; videbis pilam decidere ſecundum il<lb></lb>lam lineam, atque idcircô caſus ille apparebit tibi <lb></lb>perpendicularis. </s> <s id="id.000255">Non perinde porrô apparebit illi, <lb></lb>qui extra currum fuerit, & ad caſum attenderit: ob<lb></lb>ſeruabit ſcilicet pilam quaſi ſemi-arcum, ſeu curuam <lb></lb>lineam deſcribere: quoniam quamuis manus non <lb></lb>imprimat illi motum ſibi proprium, imprimit tamen <lb></lb>motum, quem habet à curru, adeó vt præter mo-<pb pagenum="13" xlink:href="027/01/020.jpg"></pb>tum grauitatis, quo pila ſponte fertur deorsùm, fe<lb></lb>ratur etiam antrorsùm eodem motu, quo ipſe currus; <lb></lb>& quia tuus oculus intereà tantundem quoque an<lb></lb>trorsùm fertur, inde fit, vt pila continuò ipſi ſub<lb></lb>jecta oculo, perpendiculariter moueri videatur. </s> <s id="id.000256">Lo<lb></lb>co verò pilæ vſurpa lapillos; & curru nunc lentè, <lb></lb>nunc concitatè, & quomodocúmque voles, feratur, <lb></lb>idem ſemper videbitur. </s> <s id="id.000257">Proijce poſteà pilam antror<lb></lb>sùm; illa tantundem à te diſcedet, tamque procùl à <lb></lb>te in terram cadet, ac ſi ipſe quieſceres, eodem mo<lb></lb>do, & eadem ex cauſa, quam de pila projecta intra <lb></lb>pergulam dixi. </s> <s id="id.000258">Diſcrimen eſt ſolum, quòd corpus, <lb></lb>cui cohæret manus, intra pergulam moueatur per ſe; <lb></lb>in via moueatur à curru. </s> <s id="id.000259">Nec ſpera, vt manus pilam <lb></lb>aſſequatur, projectam licet remiſſa vi: Nam ſi alius <lb></lb>quidem extra currum quieſcens eadem vi proijceret, <lb></lb>poſſes aſſequi, obimpreſſam ſolùm propriam eius vim; <lb></lb>at dum tu proijcis, præter vim propriam, imprimis <lb></lb>etiam vim currus, cauſam videlicet majoris illius ve<lb></lb>locitatis, ob quam pilate ſemper tantum ſugit, quan<lb></lb>tum eam ipſe proſequeris. </s> <s id="id.000260">Proijce deinde retrorsùm; <lb></lb>& eadem, eodemque modo, ac ob eaſdem cauſas <lb></lb>euenient, quas diximus antè, circa projectionem in<lb></lb>tra pergulam. </s> <s id="id.000261">Proijce denique in latus, & ad rectum <lb></lb>quidem cum latere currus angulum: Proijce etiam <lb></lb>ad obliquum, & ad quemcúmque volueris; abeun<lb></lb>tem ſemper pilam videbis per lineam, quæ ad finem <lb></lb>vſque, eundem ſeu rectum, ſeu obliquum cum latere <lb></lb>currus angulum conſtituat. </s> <s id="id.000262">Illud autem erit obſerua<lb></lb>tu jucundum, quòd, ſi ad lapidem, arborem, aliquid-<pb pagenum="14" xlink:href="027/01/021.jpg"></pb>ve aliud non nihil diſſitum, quieſcenſque collinees, <lb></lb>ſemper à ſcopo ſis aberraturus. </s> <s id="id.000263">Nempe, quia dum ma<lb></lb>nus eò connititur, transfertur intereà à curru ver<lb></lb>ſus anteriora; vt proinde pila, aut lapis tantundem à <lb></lb>ſcopo antrorſùm feriat, quantùm promotus interà <lb></lb>currus à momento vſque proiectionis fuerit. </s> <s id="id.000264">Secùs <lb></lb>autem eſſet, ſi fortè adeſſet currus alius, qui è re<lb></lb>gione, ac pari velocitate cum tuo transferretur; tunc <lb></lb>enim, facto in illo ſcopo, directè in ipſum pila tende<lb></lb>ret, quia ſcopus tantundem, quantum tua manus <lb></lb>promoueretur antrorſùm. </s> <s id="id.000265">Ex quo fiet, vt ſi collu<lb></lb>dendo, coniicere pilam in famulum velis, qui aliquan<lb></lb>tò procul extra currum ſit, illum quidem ſis præ<lb></lb>tergreſſurus, ſi quieuerit; at ſi pari velocitate, qua <lb></lb>currus inceſſerit, ſis omninô aſſequuturus. </s> <s id="id.000266">Quod ſi <lb></lb>fortè non curru, ſed equo veharis, & experimenta <lb></lb>eadem velis facere: eadem omninô, ac iiſdem om<lb></lb>ninô de cauſis contingent. </s> <s id="id.000267">Adnoto ſolùm, ſi pilam, <lb></lb>aut lapidem directè ſurſùm proieceris, & ab illius re<lb></lb>ditu, ſiue caſu timueris, non eodem tenore ſtatìm à <lb></lb>jactu in cedendum eſſe: ſed vel <expan abbr="cõcitatiùs">concitatiùs</expan>, vt poſterius <lb></lb>cadat, vel ſegniùs, vt anteriùs: Nam alioquin eodem <lb></lb>tenore, vt vbique eris ſubiectus, ita ictum nuſquàm <lb></lb>euades. </s> <s id="id.000268">Quod ſi ſurſum quidem, ſed cum tantilla ta<lb></lb>men antrorſùm obliquitate proieceris, non erit cur à <lb></lb>caſu timeas: quia, vt te quieſcente pila ſic projecta <lb></lb>non recideret in te, ita non recidet te tranſlato; quo<lb></lb>niam vis à motu equi impreſſa efficiet, vt quantum <lb></lb>tu ſucceſſeris, tantundem illa ſemper antecedat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000269">V. </s> <s id="id.000270">Reſtant experimenta peracta in naui; ſed cauſas <pb pagenum="15" xlink:href="027/01/022.jpg"></pb>tamen omnium ex iam dictis intelligis. </s> <s id="id.000271">Potes verò <lb></lb>& illa ipſe haud incommodè exſequi, ſi quando ſu<lb></lb>pra Sequanam lembo exſpatiari per æſtatem lubeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000272">Quippe vbi ſecundò fluuio etiam remiges adhibiti <lb></lb>erunt, ita vt lembus quanta fieri poterit celeritate fe<lb></lb>ratur, experiere, vbi lapillos directè ſursùm pro<lb></lb>ieceris, ſi ex puppi quidem, recaſuros in puppin, ſi <lb></lb>ex prora, in proram, ſi ex medio lembo, in medium: <lb></lb>ſicque tametſi deſtituare malo, ex erecto cuius ſitu <lb></lb>de apparente proiectionis rectitudine iudices; facilè <lb></lb>tamen capies, ſi malus eſſet in medio erectus ad al<lb></lb>titudinem iactus, fore vt lapillus ſecundum illum, <lb></lb>tam aſcendendo, quam deſcendendo moueretur; <lb></lb>quoniam ex quo loco eſſet iactus, in eundem caſus <lb></lb>fieret. </s> <s id="id.000273">Porrô, ſicuti dictum eſt de pila è curru pro<lb></lb>iecta, apparebit quidem tibi lapis ſursùm ferri: ap<lb></lb>parebit & omnibus, qui in eodem nauigio erunt, reſ<lb></lb>pectabuntque lapidem: at ſi quis intereà in ripa, <lb></lb>nauigiove alio quieſcente, è regione tui, lapidiſque <lb></lb>conſtiterit, is obſeruabit lapidem deſcribere in aëre <lb></lb>ſpeciem curuæ lineæ, cuius crus vnum incipiat ex <lb></lb>aëris loco vnde iactus fiet, aliud in illum deſinat, <lb></lb>in quem erit caſus. </s> <s id="id.000274">Id nempe ob compoſitum mo<lb></lb>tum, alterum manus proprium, qui ſurſum, alterum <lb></lb>nauigii, qui prorsùm; adeò vt mixtus ex vtroque, <lb></lb>ſeu obliquus fiat, cuius quicquid eſt ſurſum, à manu <lb></lb>ſit, quicquid prorſum, à nauigio. </s> <s id="id.000275">Heinc iam, vt <lb></lb>opinor, miraculum ceſſat, quod dixi fuiſſe habitum, <lb></lb>cum illi ad lapidem attenderent, qui ex pede mali, <lb></lb>& ſecundum eius altitudinem proiectus, neque ex-<pb pagenum="18" xlink:href="027/01/023.jpg"></pb>parte puppis deſereretur à malo, neque ex parte pro<lb></lb>ræ attingeretur ab illo Siquidem tametſi lapis tam <lb></lb>aſcendendo, quàm exſcendendo appareret ſemper in <lb></lb>eodem perpendiculo, quia verſabatur ſemper in linea <lb></lb>erecto malo parallela; reuerâ tamen non mouebatur <lb></lb>per rectam, ſed perpendicularem lineam, ſed deſcri<lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000276">bebat potiùs curuam, quam animaduertiſſet, ſi quis <lb></lb>ex triremi non longè quieſcente lapidem ſpectaſſet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000277">Vidiſſet enim malum progredientem, & lapidem ex <lb></lb>parte puppis continuò illum aſſectantem, ex parte <lb></lb>proræ antecedentem; adeò vt neque ex parte puppis <lb></lb>à malo deſereretur, quia quantum malus abſcederet, <lb></lb>tantundem illi inſiſteret: neque ex parte proræ attin<lb></lb>geretur à malo, quia quantum malus accederet, tan<lb></lb>tundem illi prægrederetur. </s> <s id="id.000278">Imaginare poſteà virum, <lb></lb>qui exporrecta manu è vertice mali demittebat, ſeu <lb></lb>ſinebat decidere lapidem: apparebat quidem lapis ad <lb></lb>perpendiculum cadere tam ipſi, quàm omnibus nobis, <lb></lb>qui vehebamur eadem triremi: at ſi ſuiſſet ex illa alia, <lb></lb>de qua diximus, quieſcente ſpectatus, apparuïſſet deſ<lb></lb>cribere expoſitæ curuæ dimidium, eaque ratione ma<lb></lb>lum ſemper, heinc ſequi, illeinc præcedere, vt malus nec <lb></lb>deſerere, nec attingere illum poſſet. </s> <s id="id.000279">Cauſa porrô no<lb></lb>ta iam eſt: ſiquidem manus lapidem tenens non impri<lb></lb>mebat quidem motum ſibi proprium, ſed impri<lb></lb>mebat tamen motum quem, habebat à malo, ipſique <lb></lb>erat cum tota naui communis; ex quo efficiebatur, vt <lb></lb>manus ſita verſus puppin adduceret lapidem verſus <lb></lb>malum, & ſita ad proram abduceret à malo; ſicque <lb></lb>lapis è manu excedens illcinc quidem proijceretur <pb pagenum="17" xlink:href="027/01/024.jpg"></pb>verſus malum, ipſumque adeò conſequeretur, heinc <lb></lb>verò proijceretur à malo, ipſumque antecederet; & <lb></lb>vtrimvis (præter motum deorſùm, qui à grauitate <lb></lb>propria erat) haberet motum in anteriora, ſeu quo <lb></lb>triremis ferebatur. </s> <s id="id.000280">Neque eſt iam mirum, ſi omni<lb></lb>bus nobis, qui in eadem triremi eramus, apparebat <lb></lb>motus perpendicularis; quippe obſeruabilis nobis <lb></lb>ſolùm erat motus lapidis deorsùm; nam ille qui<lb></lb>dem ad anteriora obſeruari non poterat, quoniam <lb></lb>erat nobis communis cùm lapide, & quantùm lapis <lb></lb>promouebatur, tantundem oculus exſiſtens ex parte <lb></lb>puppis ſuccedebat, ex parte proræ antecedebat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000281">Poteris deinde in eodem tuo lembo pari vi pilam <lb></lb>proijcere ex puppi ad proram, & ex prora ad pup<lb></lb>pim, obſeruaréque par ſpatium projectione vtràque <lb></lb>peruadi. </s> <s id="id.000282">Quod idem erit; poteris ſtans ipſe ad pup<lb></lb>pim cùm ſtante ad proram ſic colludere, vt obſer<lb></lb>uaturus ſis pilam pari vi vtrimque projectam æquis <lb></lb>omninô ſpatijs, ac temporibus ad vtrumque perue<lb></lb>nire. </s> <s id="id.000283">Et videretur ſanè non debere; nam ex quo mo<lb></lb>mento pilam projeciſti, diffugit ſocius, atque adeò <lb></lb>pila ad eum peruentura percurrere ſpatium longè <lb></lb>amplius, & prolixiore tempore debet; ex quo verò <lb></lb>ſocius projecit, occurris tu, atque adeò pila percur<lb></lb>rere debet longè breuius, contractioréque tempore: <lb></lb>& vnde hoc tamen vt pila ad vtrum que perinde per<lb></lb>ueniat? </s> <s id="id.000284">Sed videlicet cauſa eſt, quia licet motus <lb></lb>manus tuæ proprius æqualis ſit motui manus ſocij <lb></lb>proprio; tua tamen manus motui ſibi proprio adjun<lb></lb>ctum habet motum lembi, ſicque pilam proijciens <pb pagenum="18" xlink:href="027/01/025.jpg"></pb>geminata vi, imprimis illi celeriorem motum; ma<lb></lb>nus verò ſocij detractum habet à motu proprio mo<lb></lb>tum eiuſdem lembi; ſicque pilam proijciens demi<lb></lb>nuta vi, imprimit illi motum tardiorem: propor<lb></lb>tioque huiuſmodi eſt, vt quantùm tibi lembus ad<lb></lb>ijcit, tantum illi detrahat; & quantùm ille abſcedit, <lb></lb>tantò pila feratur à te ad illum velociùs; quantùm tu <lb></lb>accedis, tantò pila feratur ab illo ad te ſegniùs. </s> <s id="id.000285">Ex <lb></lb>quo fit proinde, vt compenſatione motus lembi fa<lb></lb>cta, qui vtrique veſtrum, & pilæ à vobis projectæ <lb></lb>communis eſt; remaneat vtrimque ſolus motus ma<lb></lb>nus vtriuſque proprius, qui, cùm ſit vtrimque ab <lb></lb>æquali vi, idcircô ex æquo ad vtrumque fiat. </s> <s id="id.000286">Nihil <lb></lb>eſt neceſſe admoneam idem euenturum, ſi vterque <lb></lb>ſiti obliquè, vel è regione laterali aliquid proie<lb></lb>ceritis; nam cauſa ſemper eadem eſt, conſtatque mo<lb></lb>tu communi detracto, cætera perinde peragi, lembo <lb></lb>ſeu moto, ſeu quieſcente. </s> <s id="id.000287">Et loci quidem anguſtia, <lb></lb>ſeu breue laterum lembi interſtitium non patietur <lb></lb>fortè hæc adeò diſertè experiri, ac intra triremim <lb></lb>nobis licuit; Sed eſto lembus alius, qui pari veloci<lb></lb>tate, & ad latus veſtrum ſeu propè, ſeu procùl mo<lb></lb>neatur; eadem prorsùs euenient, licebit que tibi cùm <lb></lb>alio exſiſtente procùl in alio lembo perinde pila col<lb></lb>ludere, ac ſi in terra quieſceretis. </s> <s id="id.000288">Secùs ſanè, ſi ille <lb></lb>vel quieſceret, vel moueretur celeriùs, tardiuſve; <lb></lb>ita enim aberraretur vtrimque à ſcopo, eadem ra<lb></lb>tione, qua dictum eſt de proiiciente quidpiam ex <lb></lb>curru. </s> <s id="id.000289">Ex quo adiicio obiter, vt intra lembum tuum <lb></lb>reſpiciens illius motum non obſeruas, quòd oculus <pb pagenum="19" xlink:href="027/01/026.jpg"></pb>tuus vnà cum illo transferatur; neque proinde vl<lb></lb>lam diuerſitatem, locive mutationem obſeruare in <lb></lb>illo potes, quatenùs nihil in ipſo eſt, quod eiuſdem <lb></lb>motus particeps non ſit; ita reſpiciendo in lembum <lb></lb>alium pari velocitate, & è regione tui tranſlatum, non <lb></lb>iri obſeruatum à te eius motum, quia vterque mo<lb></lb>tus ob æqualitatem pro eodem habetur, quatenùs <lb></lb>oculus vnà tranſlatus eandem ſemper diſtantiam, nul<lb></lb>lamque ſitus mutationem, diuerſitatemve attendit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000290">Hac ratione fiet, vt ſi lembus ille te procedente <lb></lb>quieſcat, tu tamen illum moueri credas, tuum verò <lb></lb>quieſcere; quia oculus cùm tuo tranſlatus, motum <lb></lb>ipſius obſeruare non poteſt; intereà verò diuerſita<lb></lb>tem in ſitu alterius attendit; quare & moueri illum <lb></lb>iudicat (loquor vulgari modo de iudicio ſenſus.) <lb></lb>Quòd ſi ille ex aduerſo tibi occurrat, & pari veloci<lb></lb>tate cum tuo moueatur; tum ipſe videbere ſemper <lb></lb>cum tuo quieſcere, ille verò apparebit ferri duplò <lb></lb>velociùs, quàm reuerâ feratur; quia nempe præter <lb></lb>motum illius, oculus tuus affingit ipſi motum tui pro<lb></lb>prium; quandò apparet oculo perinde loca commu<lb></lb>tare, ac ſi te quieſcente moueretur duplò velociùs, <lb></lb>quàm moueatur reipſa. </s> <s id="id.000291">Ex hoc demùm capite eſt, <lb></lb>cur accedentibus ad portum, videatur portus ad nos <lb></lb>immotos accedere: cur dum portu prouehimur, ter<lb></lb>ræque, vrbeſque recedere videantur; cur dum ripam, <lb></lb>littus, immotaque alia prætergredimur, illa videan<lb></lb>tur prætergredi, nobis quaſi immotis: neque iſta mo<lb></lb>dò euenire deprehendantur ex lembo, aut quovis <lb></lb>alio nauigio: ſed etiam ex curru aut quacúmque re, <pb pagenum="20" xlink:href="027/01/027.jpg"></pb>cum qua oculus noſter transferatur. </s> <s id="id.000292">Sed hæc obiter <lb></lb>memorata ſunto. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000293">VI. </s> <s id="id.000294">Redeo ad experimenta, ac illa potiſſimùm, <lb></lb>quæ peracta ſunt circa malum: quippe ea eiuſmodi <lb></lb>ſunt, ex quibus, quantùm fieri poteſt, inueſtigare <lb></lb>liceat, niſi germanam, at qualemcúmque motus non <lb></lb>ſolùm proiectorij, ſed etiam naturalis cauſam. </s> <s id="id.000295">Nem<lb></lb>pe viſum ſemper mirabile eſt, cur lapis ſpontis ſuæ <lb></lb>factus, tum per aërem decidat, naturali impetu; tum <lb></lb>in principio tardius, in fine velociùs prorumpat: <lb></lb>idemque violenter adactus, tum impreſſo impetu ſur<lb></lb>sùm efferatur, tum in principio velociùs, & in fine <lb></lb>tardius emergat. </s> <s id="id.000296">Cæterùm, duo quædam præmit<lb></lb>tenda ſunt, quæ inter alia benè multa magno Galileo <lb></lb>debentur. </s> <s id="id.000297">Vnum; corpus ſuapte decidens motu ea <lb></lb>ratione accelerari, vt temporibus æqualibus maiora <lb></lb>ſemper ſpatia peruadat, iuxta proportionem, quàm <lb></lb>habent numeri impares inter ſe, initio ſumpto ab vni<lb></lb>tate. </s> <s id="id.000298">Hoc eſt; ſi lapis ex. </s> <s id="id.000299">gr. è præcelſa turri dimiſſus <lb></lb>intra vnum arteriæ pulſum vnam orgyiam decidat, <lb></lb>fore vt intra ſecundum decidat treis, intra tertium <lb></lb>quinque, intra quartum ſeptem, intra quintum no<lb></lb>uem. </s> <s id="id.000300">Et quia aggregando, vt in fine primi pulſus <lb></lb>peracta eſt vna orgyia, ita in fine ſecundi peractæ <lb></lb>ſunt quatuor, in fine tertij nouem, in fine quarti ſex<lb></lb>decim, in fine quinti viginti-quinque, qui numeri <lb></lb>quadrati ſunt, vt Arithmetici appellant; heic fieri, vt <lb></lb>ſpatia quibuſcúm que temporibus peracta, ſint inter ſe <lb></lb>in duplicata ratione ſuorum <expan abbr="temporũ">temporum</expan> (nempe vt eorun<lb></lb>dem temporum quadrata) veluti Geometræ loquun-<pb pagenum="21" xlink:href="027/01/028.jpg"></pb>tur. </s> <s id="id.000301">Alterum; viam ſiue lineam, quam imaginamur <lb></lb>deſcribi in aëre à corpore obliquè projecto, quam<lb></lb>que notum eſt eſſe curuam, non eſſe circularem (ſeu <lb></lb>qualis eſt arcus, portiove circuli) ſed parabolicam, <lb></lb>vt Geometræ vocant, id eſt, qualem imaginabere, <lb></lb>ſi concipias conum, turbinemve, ita obliquè verſus <lb></lb>baſin reſecari vt ſectio parallela fiat lateri oppoſito, <lb></lb>integróque relicto. </s> <s id="id.000302">Cùm enim area reſegmenti appel<lb></lb>letur parabola, ambitus illius eſt linea, quam parabo<lb></lb>licam appellant. </s> <s id="id.000303">Attende autem ad ſequentem fi<lb></lb>guram; ex ea ſiquidem non modò <expan abbr="ſequentiũ">ſequentium</expan>, ſed <expan abbr="ante-cedentiũ">ante<lb></lb>cedentium</expan> quoque maxima pars intelligetur. </s> <s id="id.000304">Nam pri<lb></lb>mùm quidem, eſto A B altitudo turris 25. orgyia<lb></lb>rum; vel mali nauis quieſcentis 25. ſemi-orgyia<lb></lb>rum: Et lapis cadens ex B perueniat ad A intra <lb></lb>quinque pulſus delectæ arteriæ is, iuxta iam-dicta, <lb></lb>intra primum pulſum perueniet ad C, intra ſecundum <lb></lb>ad D, intra tertium ad E, intra quartum ad F, in<lb></lb>tra quintum ad A. </s> <s id="id.000305">Deinde ex G, proijciatur lapis <lb></lb>obliquè, ita vt perueniat ad B, vnde recidere incipiens <lb></lb>perueniat denique in H; is deſcribet in aëre curuam <lb></lb>illam lineam GIKLMBNOPQH, quam mox di<lb></lb>cebamus eſſe parabolicam. </s> <s id="id.000306">Poſt-modum, non loqua<lb></lb>mur ampliùs de turri, ſed ſolùm de malo; neque de <lb></lb>malo quieſcente, ſed de moto, ſiue tranſlato ad mo<lb></lb>tum nauis, cui eſt implantatus; ac eſto planities, ſu<lb></lb>perficieſve maris, per quam nauis fertur, ſecundum <lb></lb>lineam GH, ſupponamuſque malum eſſe GR, cùm <lb></lb>lapis ex G proijcitur ſursùm directè in R, & eadem <lb></lb>quidem vi, qua peruenire poſſet præcisè ad R. quieſ-<pb pagenum="22" xlink:href="027/01/029.jpg"></pb>cente malo. <lb></lb><figure id="id.027.01.029.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/029/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>promoueatur <lb></lb><expan abbr="cõſequenter">conſequenter</expan> <lb></lb>nauis, adeò <lb></lb>vt intra vnum <lb></lb>momentum, <lb></lb>ſeu <expan abbr="pulsũ">pulsum</expan> ar<lb></lb>teriæ malus <lb></lb>ſit factus ST; <lb></lb>tum quia la<lb></lb>pis non deſe<lb></lb>rit malum, ne<lb></lb>que ab illo <lb></lb>deſeritur; erit <lb></lb>iuxta malum <lb></lb>in I directè <lb></lb>imminens pe<lb></lb>di mali, ſiue <lb></lb>proximæ na<lb></lb>uis parti è qua <lb></lb>eſt facta pro<lb></lb>jectio. </s> <s id="id.000307">promo<lb></lb>ueatur rursùs <lb></lb>nauis ſecun<lb></lb>do momento, & malus ſit VX; erit lapis pari, qua <lb></lb>antè ratione, in K. </s> <s id="id.000308">Promoueatur tertio momento, <lb></lb>& malus ſit YZ: erit lapis in L. </s> <s id="id.000309">Promoueatur quarto, <lb></lb>& ſit malus a, b; erit lapis in M. </s> <s id="id.000310">Promoueatur quin<lb></lb>to, & ſit malus AB; erit lapis in B; Ex quo vſque <lb></lb>tendere deorsùm, cadereve incipiet; adeò vt cùm <pb pagenum="23" xlink:href="027/01/030.jpg"></pb>naui promota totidem momentis malus fuerit ſuc<lb></lb>ceſſiuè cd, ef, gh, 1K, Hl; lapis ſit etiam futurus <lb></lb>ſucceſſiuè in N, O, P, Q, ac tandem in H. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000311">VII. </s> <s id="id.000312">Iam elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>primò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> lineam, quam motu ſuo <lb></lb>deſcribit lapis, apparere quidem iis, qui in naui ſunt, <lb></lb>eſſe rectam, perpendicularemque, hoc eſt directam <lb></lb>ſecundum longitudinem, erectionemque mali GR, <lb></lb>vel ST, vel VX, &c. </s> <s id="id.000313">cùm nempe ab eo lapis non diſ<lb></lb>cedat: ſed eſſe tamen reipſâ curuam, parabolicamve, <lb></lb>& qualis planè deſcriberetur, ſi quieſcente naui, & <lb></lb>malo exſiſtente AB lapis proijceretur obliquè ex G, <lb></lb>verſus B, decideretque in H. </s> <s id="id.000314">Nec te moretur, quòd <lb></lb>linea curua GB ſit longior, quàm linea recta GR, ac <lb></lb>major proinde virtus requiratur ad proijciendum ex <lb></lb>G in B, quàm ex G in R, vel, quod eſt idem, ex A in <lb></lb>B. </s> <s id="id.000315">Nam licet naui quieſcente pro; ector majorem ap<lb></lb>plicet virtutem, vt ex G proiiciat in B, quàm vt ex A <lb></lb>proiiciat in idem B; non requiritur tamen, vt naui mo<lb></lb>ta, maiorem ex ſe applicet, ad ita proiiciendum, vt <lb></lb>lapis ex G perueniat ad locum B, quàm requiratur vt <lb></lb>ex G lapis perueniat ad R (quò verſus proiectio fit) <lb></lb>vel ex A ad ipſum B: quoniam quod de eſt applicitæ à <lb></lb>proiectore virtuti propriæ, vt lapis ex G perueniat ad <lb></lb>B, id ſuppletur vi tranſlatitia adiecta à naui: adeò vt, <lb></lb>cùm lapidis motus ſit compoſitus ex motu ſursùm, & <lb></lb>motu prorsùm, ſeu ex perpendiculari, & horizontali; <lb></lb>ipſa quoque vis proiectionis ita ſit compoſita ex vi <lb></lb>proijcientis propria, & ex vi impreſſa à naui, vt quic<lb></lb>quid eſt motus ſursùm à priore ſit, quicquid motus <lb></lb>prorsùm à poſteriore; ſicque vis adiecta à naui, dum <pb pagenum="24" xlink:href="027/01/031.jpg"></pb>mouetur, ſit æ qualis illi exceſſui, quo, naui quieſcen<lb></lb>te, vis proiiciens ex G in B, eſt maior vi proiiciente ex <lb></lb>A in B. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000316">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>Secundò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> cùm lapis ex B verticè mali dimit<lb></lb>titur, deſcribere quidem ad ipſum ſenſum omnibus, <lb></lb>qui in naui ſunt, perpendicularem lineam; ſed deſ<lb></lb>cribere tamen reuerâ ſemi-parabolicam, qualis nem<lb></lb>pe eſt BNOPQH. </s> <s id="id.000317">Ratio autem apparet ex dictis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000318">Neque poteſt morarite, quòd ad motum perpendi<lb></lb>cularem nulla requiratur à proiiciente vis, grauitaſ<lb></lb>que ſola lapidis ſufficiat; ad motum verò illum ſemi<lb></lb>parabolicum requiratur haud-dubiè. </s> <s id="id.000319">Siquidem con<lb></lb>ſtat, nullam quidem vim projectoris propriam lapidi <lb></lb>imprimi, ſeu quieſcat, ſeu moueatur malus; ſed im<lb></lb>primi tamen, dum nauis mouetur, tranſlatitiam, ſeu <lb></lb>qui ab ipſa naui ſit; adeò vt cùm motus ille ſit com<lb></lb>poſitus ex perpendiculari, & horizontali, quicquid <lb></lb>eſt in eo perpendicularis, à grauitate lapidis ſit; quic<lb></lb>quid horizontalis, à vi, ſeu à motu ipſius nauis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000320">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>Tertiò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> neutram harum virium tam in <lb></lb>proiecto ſurſum, quàm in dimiſſo deorſùm deſtruere <lb></lb>alteram, illamve imminüere; ſed deflectere dunta<lb></lb>xat; adeò vt lapis neque minùs ſursùm, neque minùs <lb></lb>prorſùm tendat, quàm ſi viribus ſeparatis, alterâ <lb></lb>ſursùm proijceretur, altera prorſùm propelleretur: <lb></lb>ſed impediatur duntaxat rectitudo lineæ, quam ha<lb></lb>berent ſeorſim perpendicularis, & horizontalis, <lb></lb>componaturque linea, quæ ſit quidem breuior per<lb></lb>pendiculari, & horizontali, ſi ſeorſim deſcriptæ ſimùl <lb></lb>iungantur; verùm quæ illis æquiualeat, ob collatas <pb pagenum="25" xlink:href="027/01/032.jpg"></pb>vircis in idem mobile; ea proportione, qua tempus, <lb></lb>breuius quidem eſt temporibus ſeorſim ſumptis; ſed <lb></lb>illis tamen æquiualet, propter coniunctas in eo<lb></lb>dem mobili velocitates. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000321">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>quartò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Tempus, quo lapis aſcendit, eſſe <lb></lb>æquale tempori, quo deſcendit. </s> <s id="id.000322">Quippe cùm ma<lb></lb>lus æquali curſu progrediatur, ſeu æqualibus tempo<lb></lb>ribus æqualia ſpatia conficiat; & lapis non magis in <lb></lb>aſcenſu, quàm in exſcenſu illum deſerat, aut ad eum <lb></lb>accedat, ſed perinde ſemper reſpectu illius ſe habeat: <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt tantundem temporis in aſcenſu, quantùm <lb></lb>in exſcenſu conſumi; ſicque lapidem nec ſegniùs, <lb></lb>nec tardiùs ex G peruenire ad B, quàm ex B peruenit <lb></lb>ad H. </s> <s id="id.000323">Nempe vt ſpatium ex G in A, quod pes mali <lb></lb>peruadit aſcendente lapide, æquale eſt ſpatio ex A <lb></lb>in H, quod idem peruadit lapide deſcendente. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000324">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>quintò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Velocitatem motus eadem propor<lb></lb>tione reciprocè accepta aſcendendo decreſcere, qua <lb></lb>deſcendendo increſcit; ita vt tam initio aſus, <lb></lb>quàm in fine deſcenſus ſit maxima; in fine aſcenſus, <lb></lb>& initio deſcenſus, minima, & in mediis proportione <lb></lb>ſpatiis, medio proportione modo ſe habeat. </s> <s id="id.000325">Quippe, <lb></lb>cùm in ea proportione, qua lapis deſcendit, ſit in ea<lb></lb>dem ſemper diſtantia à malo, conſtat: ſi malo ea<lb></lb>dem æquabilitate tranſlato, dum lapis aſcendit, ipſe <lb></lb>lapis non tueretur proportionem expoſitam, adeò <lb></lb>vt celerius, aut tardiùs moueretur alicubi in pari al<lb></lb>titudine; conſtat, inquam, fore vt lapis non eandem <lb></lb>ſimiliter tueretur diſtantiam, ſed magis ad malum ac<lb></lb>cederet, vel ab illo deſereretur, quod tamen non <pb pagenum="26" xlink:href="027/01/033.jpg"></pb>facit. </s> <s id="id.000326">Ex quo ſequitur, vt quemadmodum in primo <lb></lb>momento deſcenſus peruenit ex B ad N, ita in vltimo <lb></lb>aſcenſus perueniat ad B ex M, paris altitudinis cum N. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000327">Et quemadmodum in ſecundo deſcenſus ex N per<lb></lb>uenit ad O; ita in penultimo aſcenſus perueniat ad M <lb></lb>ex L, atque ita conſequenter; donec vt in vltimo deſ<lb></lb>cenſus peruenit ad H ex Q, ita in primo aſcenſus ex <lb></lb>G perueniat ad I, cuius altitudo altitudini Q eſt <lb></lb>æqualis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000328">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>ſextò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Proportionem incrementi velocitatis <lb></lb>deſcenſus per lineam BH, dum malus mouetur, eſſe <lb></lb>eandem, quæ per lineam BA, cum malus quieſcit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000329">Quippe cùm increſcente velocitate perueniat tam in <lb></lb>primo caſu ad H, quàm in ſecundo ad A, patet, ſi <lb></lb>deſcenſus in ſecundo caſu terminaretur ad altitudi<lb></lb>nem F, fore vt in primo terminaretur ad altitudinem <lb></lb>Q æqualem altitudini F. Et, ſi illeic terminaretur ad <lb></lb>E, fore vt heic ad P: ſi illeic ad D, heic ad O, ſi illeic <lb></lb>ad C, heic ad N. </s> <s id="id.000330">Quare & progreſſu facto neceſſe <lb></lb>eſt eadem proportione acquiſitam eſſe velocitatem <lb></lb>per parteis lineæ B, N, O, P, Q, H, ac per parteis lineæ <lb></lb>B, C, D, E, F, A. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000331">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>ſeptimò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Proportionem decrementi veloci<lb></lb>tatis in aſcenſu per lineam GB, eſſe reciprocè ean<lb></lb>dem, quæ incrementi in deſcenſu per lineam BA; <lb></lb>adeò vt, quemadmodum illeic, in primo momento <lb></lb>peruenitur ex B ad C, ita heic in vltimo perueniatur <lb></lb>ad B ex M, altitudinis æqualis ipſi C; & vt illeic in <lb></lb>ſecundo peruenitur ex C ad D; ita heic in penultimo <lb></lb>perueniatur ad M ex L, altitudinis eiuſdem cum D: <pb pagenum="27" xlink:href="027/01/034.jpg"></pb>at que ita con<lb></lb><figure id="id.027.01.034.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/034/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſequenter; do<lb></lb>nec, vt illeic <lb></lb>in vltimo per<lb></lb>uenitur ad A <lb></lb>ex F; ita heic <lb></lb>in primo per<lb></lb>ueniatur ex G <lb></lb>ad I, altitudi<lb></lb>nis cum F æ<lb></lb>qualis. </s> <s id="id.000332">Quip<lb></lb>pe ex Elicito <lb></lb>ſexto, eadem <lb></lb>eſt velocitatis <lb></lb>proportio ſe<lb></lb>cundúm lineam <lb></lb>BA, quæ ſe<lb></lb>cundum <expan abbr="lineã">lineam</expan> <lb></lb>BH: & ex <lb></lb>Elicito quin<lb></lb>to, eadem eſt <lb></lb>ſecundum li<lb></lb>neam BG, <lb></lb>quæ ſecundum eandem lineam BH. </s> <s id="id.000333">Quamobrem <lb></lb>non poteſt eſſe alia (reciprocè tamen accipiendo) ſe<lb></lb>cundum lineam BG, quàm ſecundum lineam BA; <lb></lb>cùm quæ ſunt eadem, æqualiave vni tertio, non poſ<lb></lb>ſint non eſſe eadem, æqualiave inter ſe. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000334">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>octauò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Malo etiam quieſcente, & vniuerſè <lb></lb>in omni projectione ſurſùm facta, decrementum ve-<pb pagenum="28" xlink:href="027/01/035.jpg"></pb>locitatis aſcendendo eſſe eundem reciprocè cum in<lb></lb>cremento velocitatis deſcendendo: adeò vt, quem<lb></lb>admodum in vltimo deſcenſus momento percurritur <lb></lb>ſpatium FA, ita in primo aſcenſus percurratur idem <lb></lb>ſpatium AF; & quemadmodum in penultimo deſ<lb></lb>cenſus percurritur EF; ita in ſecundo aſcenſus FE, & <lb></lb>ita conſequenter, donec: vt in primo deſcenſus per<lb></lb>curritur BC, ita in vltimo aſcenſus percurratur CB. <lb></lb>Quippe, cùm ex iam dictis perinde ſe habeant AF, & <lb></lb>FA, ac ſe habent GI, & QH; & perinde quoque C <lb></lb>B, & BC, ac MB, & BN, & ita de aliis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000335">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>nonò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> cùm lapis per lineam parabolicam mo<lb></lb>tus perueniat ex puncto G pro impetu quidem, <lb></lb>quem habet ſurſum, ad B, & pro eo, quem prorsùm, <lb></lb>ad H: percurrerere illum quidem æqualibus tempori<lb></lb>bus ſecundum impetum priorem inæqualia ſpatia; ſed <lb></lb>ſecundum poſteriorem, æqualia. </s> <s id="id.000336">Conſtat quippe AF <lb></lb>altitudinem, ſeu <expan abbr="portionẽ">portionem</expan> perpendiculi reſpondentem <lb></lb>motui per GI, eſſe majorem, quàm FE altitudinem reſ<lb></lb>pondentem motui per IK; cùm tamen GS. latitudo, ſeu <lb></lb>portio plani horizontalis reſpondens motui per <expan abbr="eandẽ">eandem</expan> <lb></lb>GI, ſit æqualis latitudini SV reſpondenti motui per <lb></lb>eandem IK; atque ita de cæteris. </s> <s id="id.000337">A deò vt motus quidem <lb></lb>ſursùm, vel deorsùm inæqualis ſit; ſed motus prorsùm, <lb></lb>vel ſecundum horizontem ſit planè æquabilis, atque <lb></lb>vniformis. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000338">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>decimò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> cùm nauis poſſit moueri velociùs, & <lb></lb>tardiùs; & mali tamen altitudo ſemper eadem ſit; fieri <lb></lb>poſſe, vt linea parabolica efficiatur diuerſimodè nunc <lb></lb>apertior, nunc contractior; & nihilominùs percur-<pb pagenum="29" xlink:href="027/01/036.jpg"></pb>ratur ſemper æqualibus temporibus. </s> <s id="id.000339">Senſus eſt, cùm <lb></lb>ſpatium GH, quod ſuppoſui à naui peruadi momen<lb></lb>tis decem, poſſit fieri contractius, ita vt iiſdem decem <lb></lb>momentis, ſeu æquali tempore non percurratur, niſi <lb></lb>ſpatium Si, vel V g, vel Y e vel a c:ſicque lineæ parabo<lb></lb>licæ ex S, in B, ad vſque ; vel ex V, in B, ad vſque g, & c. <lb></lb>fiant ſemper contractiores, quàm ſit GBH: Et cùm <lb></lb>è contra idem ſpatium poſſit ſieri amplius; ita vt iiſdem <lb></lb>decem momentis, ſeu æquali tempore percurratur ſpa<lb></lb>tium duplò, triplò, quadruplò, & <expan abbr="quantumcúmq;">quantumcúmque</expan> vo<lb></lb>les, pro nauis celeritate, expanſius; ſicque lineæ parabo<lb></lb>licæ fiant ſemper, ſemperque apertiores, quàm ſit ea<lb></lb>dem parabolica GBH: Nihilominùs neque lapidem <lb></lb>per contractiores motum, peruaſurum illas tempore <lb></lb>breuiore; neque motum per appertiores, peruaſurum <lb></lb>ipſas tempore longiore, quàm ſit tempus, quo per<lb></lb>uadit memoratam GBH. Quippe, ſeu nauis celeriter, <lb></lb>ſeu tardè moueatur, tantundem ſemper temporis in<lb></lb>ſumit lapis, vt ex pede mali A, perueniat ad verticem <lb></lb>B; & rursùs tantundem, vt ex vertice B, perueniat ad <lb></lb>pedem A. </s> <s id="id.000340">Quare & cùm intereà deſcribantur per aërem <lb></lb>lineæ parabolicæ inæquales, neceſſe eſt ſemper deſcri<lb></lb>bant æqualibus temporibus: omnibus putà exæqua<lb></lb>tis vni, eidemque tempori, quod inſumitur ex A in <lb></lb>B, & ex B in A, communi menſura. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000341">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>vndecimò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> Si lapis dimittatur ex B, & loco <lb></lb>deſcenſus per lineam ſemiparabolicam BH, deſcribat <lb></lb>etiam quantùm voles vel contractiorem, vel apertio<lb></lb>rem: peruaſurum tamen omneis eiuſcemodi ſemipara<lb></lb>bolicas lineas æqualibus temporibus: Quippe ea om-<pb pagenum="30" xlink:href="027/01/037.jpg"></pb>nia exæquantur eidem tempori deſcenſus ex B in A: id<lb></lb>que cùm ſit eadem ratio dimidiæ ad dimidiam, quæ <lb></lb>totius ad totam. </s> <s id="id.000342">Neque id debet tam in hoc, quàm <lb></lb>ſuperiore Elicito videri mirum; quoniam, vt nulla eſt <lb></lb>diuerſitas in motu perpendiculari, ſeu qui eſt ſursùm, <lb></lb>ac deorſum, quatenùs tantundem ſemper aſcenditur, <lb></lb>deſcenditurque; & diſcrimen ſolùm eſt in motu hori<lb></lb>zontali, ſiue qui eſt prorsùm, quatenùs citeriùs, vlto<lb></lb>riúſque proceditur: ita vis impellens ſurſum, quæ à <lb></lb>proijciente, vt propria emanat, eſt vniformis ſemper, ac <lb></lb>eadem; & contrà vis impellens prorsùm, quæ, vt tranſla<lb></lb>titia à nauis motu imprimitur, inæqualis eſt, & pro rati<lb></lb>one tarditatis, aut velocitatis nunc minor, nunc major. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000343">Elicio <emph type="italics"></emph>duo decimò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quacúmque vi aliquid ſursùm ex <lb></lb>pede mali, donec mouetur, proijciatur, id ad pedem <lb></lb>mali ſemper recaſurum. </s> <s id="id.000344">Quippe, ſeu ad ſummum ma<lb></lb>lum non perueniat, ſeu vlteriùs longè prouehatur, <lb></lb>deſcribit ſemper lineam parabolicam, in qua, vbicúm<lb></lb>que exſiſtat, reperitur ſemper in eadem diſtantia vel à <lb></lb>malo, vel à linea ſurſum à malo ſecundum illius lon<lb></lb>gitudinem produci concepta. </s> <s id="id.000345">Nec te verò motetur <lb></lb>globus bellico tormento è pede mali ſurſum exploſus; <lb></lb>nam par omninô ratio eſt. </s> <s id="id.000346">Et quamuis obſtare videa<lb></lb>tur rectitudo fiſtulæ; nihilominùs, quia globus, quan<lb></lb>tumcúm que tempore ſenſum fugiente fiſtulam perua<lb></lb>dat, peruadit tamen ſucceſſiuè, eſt que reipſà priùs in <lb></lb>inferioribus eius partibus, quàm in ſuperioribus; inde <lb></lb>fit, vt cùm fiſtula per hæc priora, & poſteriora mo<lb></lb>menta, moueatur interim ad motum nauis; idcircô <lb></lb>globus, preter motum ſurſum, promoueatur etiam in-<pb pagenum="31" xlink:href="027/01/038.jpg"></pb>tereà prorsùm, ſecundum illum tantillum motum, & <lb></lb>dum exſiliendo per fiſtulam tranſit, incipiat deſcribere <lb></lb>parabolicam lineam, quam deinceps per aerem deſ<lb></lb>cribere pergat; neque huic deſcriptioni magis obſtet <lb></lb>rectitudo fiſtulæ, quàm rectitudo ipſius mali. </s> <s id="id.000347">Addo, <lb></lb>cùm eſſemus in ipſa triremi, nobilem Vinceguerram <lb></lb>recitaſſe optimo Proregi, nobiſque circunſtantibus <lb></lb>experimentum ſuo iuſſu factum, quod heic omitti non <lb></lb>debeat. </s> <s id="id.000348">Aſſeruït enim ſe aliquando naui cuipiam <lb></lb>imperitantem, & cùm illa ſecundo vento, ac velo<lb></lb>ciſſimè transferretur, iuſſiſſe è faſtigio mali explodi <lb></lb>ſursùm fiſtulâ piſtoleto dictâ plumbeum globulum; <lb></lb>ac ipſum aliquantò pòſt decidiſſe ad pedem mali. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000349">VIII. </s> <s id="id.000350">Prætereo poſſe ex eadem figura alia quo<lb></lb>que ex memoratis experimentis intelligi. </s> <s id="id.000351">Nam ſi ſup<lb></lb>ponas ex. </s> <s id="id.000352">gr. puppim eſſe in G, & proram in A; ac <lb></lb>te ex puppi conijcere pilam ad ſocium, qui ex prora <lb></lb>ad te pari niſu reijciat; eueniet, vt dum pila à te con<lb></lb>jecta transferetur per aërem, ille quidem cum pro<lb></lb>ra perueniat, verbi cauſâ ad c, ſed pila tamen etiam <lb></lb>eò perueniat, quoniam tu pilæ præter tuam vim, qua <lb></lb>perueniſſet ſolùm ad A, indis etiam vim tranſlatitiam, <lb></lb>ſeu impreſſam à naui, qua ſuperetur, ac ſuperaddatur <lb></lb>ſpatium Ac, & qua ipſe intereà ſequaris cum puppi <lb></lb>per ſpatium GS; ita vt cùm ſocius, & pila fuerint in <lb></lb>c, tu futurus ſis in S. </s> <s id="id.000353">Eueniet quoque, vt dum pila <lb></lb>ab illo rejecta transferetur per aërem, tu cum puppi <lb></lb>promotus peruenias quidem ad V; ſed & pila tamen <lb></lb>eò ſolùm perueniat, quoniam ex vi ſocij propria tan<lb></lb>tum detrahetur à vi nauis tranſlatitia, quantum foret <pb pagenum="32" xlink:href="027/01/039.jpg"></pb>neceſſarium, vt ex V promoueretur in S: quod ſpa<lb></lb>tium eſt æquale ipſi e g, per quod ille intereà cum <lb></lb>prora recedet; ita vt cum tu & pila fueritis in V, ipſe <lb></lb>ſit futurus in g. </s> <s id="id.000354">Quod ſi ſupponas vim tibi à naui ſu<lb></lb>peradditam eſſe duplo majorem priore; tum tu pilam <lb></lb>inſequutus peruenies ex G ad V, cùm ille promotus <lb></lb>ex A ad e, pilam reijciet, cui pilæ rejectæ tu intereà <lb></lb>promotus, occurras ad a. </s> <s id="id.000355">& c, S in ſupponas tantam <lb></lb>nauigij celeritatem, vt vis à motu illius impreſſa exæ<lb></lb>quetur illi, quàm tu niſu tuo proprio imprimis, ſicque <lb></lb>vis pilæ duplicata euadat; fiet, vt pila à te ex G, <lb></lb>quaſi ad A projecta, perueniat ad H; quò ſocius ſimùl <lb></lb>perueniet, perueniente te intereà ad A; & pila ex <lb></lb>H ad te rejecta, non verſus A accedat, ſed ſursùm, <lb></lb>deorsùmque duntaxat mota, veluti conſiſtat, téque <lb></lb>ibi, perpendiculum non egreſſa, exſpectet; & tu eó<lb></lb>dem accedas cum puppi; ſocio tantundem intereà <lb></lb>recedente cum prora. </s> <s id="id.000356">Non mirabere verò iam con<lb></lb>ſiſtere pilam; quia pari vi ad te immiſſa à ſocio, & re<lb></lb>miſſa à naui, neceſſe eſt hæreat, quemadmodum di<lb></lb>xi iam antè poſſe à te obſeruari in pila, quam ſocius <lb></lb>intra pergulam antrorsùm pergens, retrorſùm reijciat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000357">Quin-etiam, quemadmodum adnotatum eſt euenire <lb></lb>in pergula, vt poſſit pila retrorſum iacta antrorſum <lb></lb>redire; ita heic fieri concipies, ſi ſupponas vim à na<lb></lb>ui impreſſam eſſe majorem impreſſa à te. </s> <s id="id.000358">Ita enim <lb></lb>pila ex G ad ſocium vltra H perueniet, & ab illo re<lb></lb>jecta, non modò in loco rejectionis non conſiſtet, ſed <lb></lb>verſus ipſum quoque ſocium tantum regredietur, <lb></lb>quantum vis ipſius ſuperabitur à motu nauis; cùm tu <pb pagenum="33" xlink:href="027/01/040.jpg"></pb>tamen tam citò, ac pila ad regreſſionis locum <lb></lb>peruenturus ſis. </s> <s id="id.000359">Sed iſta iam nimis inculcata ſunt: <lb></lb>idque eſt ſolùm mente tenendum, quæcumque vis <lb></lb>tibi ad datur, aut adimatur ſocio ab impetu nauis; ni<lb></lb>hilominùs ipſos pilæ jactus, rejectuſque, ſiue itus, & <lb></lb>reditus inter vtrúmque interceptos, eoſdem conſtan<lb></lb>ter apparituros; quia eiuſmodi impetus ex æquo & <lb></lb>te, & ſocium, & pilam afficiet; nihilque, quod pro<lb></lb>cedat ab eiuſmodi impetu, aut à te, aut à ſocio ob<lb></lb>ſeruari poterit; eritque obſeruabilis motus ille ſolus, <lb></lb>qui à vi propria vtriuſque pendebit, quique perinde <lb></lb>obſeruaretur, ſi nauis quieſceret; ac aliunde diuerſi<lb></lb>tas in motu pilæ ex compoſita tua, ſocijve, & na<lb></lb>uigij vi, obſeruabilis ſolùm erit ab oculo extra naui<lb></lb>gium quieſcente. </s> <s id="id.000360">Obſeruabilis, inquam, & pulcro <lb></lb>ſanè ſpectaculo, cuius ſi fieri particeps velis, ſta ipſe <lb></lb>ad ripam, aut in nauigio aliàs immoto, cùm alij duo in <lb></lb>tranſlato colludent. </s> <s id="id.000361">Quippe quas illi putabunt æqua<lb></lb>leis vireis, quos æqualeis pilæ itus, redituſque; ani<lb></lb>maduertes ipſe prorsùs inæ qualeis; & non ſine volup<lb></lb>tate ſpectabis illum, qui ad puppim, vehementiorem <lb></lb>quidem ictum impingere, ſed continuò tamen pi<lb></lb>lam inſequi; illum, qui ad proram, remiſſiorem qui<lb></lb>dem; ſed continuò tamen à pila aufugere: & cùm <lb></lb>pila inæqualiter per aërem tranſluolatura ſit, ab illo <lb></lb>nempe celeriùs, ab hoc ſegniùs; mirabilem tamen <lb></lb>fieri ex illius acceſſu, & inſequutione pilæ, cùm hu<lb></lb>ius receſſu, & fuga ab eadem pila, compenſationem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000362">IX. </s> <s id="id.000363">Poſtulare heic videretur occaſio, vt priuſquàm <lb></lb>diſcederem longiùs, intexerem quaſi parentheſin, <pb pagenum="34" xlink:href="027/01/041.jpg"></pb>quid colligi exinde poſſit circa quæſtionem celebrem, <lb></lb>De motu, quieteve Telluris; idque præſertim, cùm <lb></lb>tu, Germanuſque, & qui adfuere cæteri, ex Luille<lb></lb>rio ſtatim requiſieritis, ex hiſce-ne experimentis quid<lb></lb>piam deriuarem ad Telluris motum: verùm quia for<lb></lb>taſſis euagarer nimiùm, præſtat id ad calcem reijciam; <lb></lb>ſubijciam que intereà, quæ de cauſa phyſica motus <lb></lb>tam naturalis, quàm projectorij inueſtigari ex præmiſ<lb></lb>ſis poſſunt. </s> <s id="id.000364">Cùm naturalem porrô dico, modum lo<lb></lb>quendi vulgarem ſequor, iuxta quem, vt motus re<lb></lb>rum projectilium dicitur violentus, ita motus rerum <lb></lb>cadentium, quas & graueis dicunt, naturalis appelli<lb></lb>tatur. </s> <s id="id.000365">Imprimis certè nullus videtur non cenſeri poſ<lb></lb>ſe naturalis motus, quatenus nullus non eſt à rerum <lb></lb>principiis, quæ ipſorum Author eius eſſe naturæ vo<lb></lb>luït, vt inceſſanter impetum, quo moueri poſſent, <lb></lb>haberent. </s> <s id="id.000366">Ex hoc nempe eſſe videtur, quamobrem <lb></lb>variè commiſceantur, & varias rerum ſpecies creent, <lb></lb>quæ inter ſe variè agant, & patiantur, ſeu mouean<lb></lb>tur, & moueant. </s> <s id="id.000367">Quippe ortus quoque, & interitus, <lb></lb>incrementum, & decrementum, omniſque altera<lb></lb>tio, qua calor, frigus, humor, ſiccitas, itemque co<lb></lb>lor, odor, ſapor, & qualitates aliæ gignuntur, ni<lb></lb>hil eſſe aliud videntur, quàm motiones quædam lo<lb></lb>cales, quibus rerum principia, tenuiſſima licet, at<lb></lb>que inſenſilia, variè inter ſe concernuntur, excer<lb></lb>nuntur, accedunt, abſcedunt, tranſponuntur, & c. </s> <s id="id.000368">Ita <lb></lb>ſaltem ſunt opinati Philoſophi celebres apud Sextum <lb></lb>Empiricum, dum Ariſtotele defendente huiuſcemo<lb></lb>di mutationes à motu locali diſtinctas, ipſi cenſue-<pb pagenum="35" xlink:href="027/01/042.jpg"></pb>runt nihil eſſe aliud, quàm ſpecies quaſdam motus lo<lb></lb>calis. </s> <s id="id.000369">Deinde nullus videtur motus, qui ſecluſo primæ<lb></lb>uo illo, non poſſit cenſeri violentus: quatenus nullus eſt, <lb></lb>qui niſi cum impulſione vnius rei in aliam fiat, ex quo <lb></lb>effectum eſt, vt Ariſtoteles, etiam rerum cadentium <lb></lb>quæſierit motorem externum, principium nempe <lb></lb>generans; & in motibus animalium diſtinguendas <lb></lb>cenſuerit parteis, quarum aliæ mouerentur ab aliis, <lb></lb>ad vſque vnam, que moueret, per ſe immota. </s> <s id="id.000370">Ne<lb></lb>que videri ab ſurdum debet, eſſe continuam aliquam <lb></lb>in rebus naturæ violentiam; quoniam ipſa quoque <lb></lb>violentia ex eò cenſeri naturalis poteſt, quod Au<lb></lb>thor naturæ illam inſtituerit, quæ gignundis rebus <lb></lb>naturalibus inſeruiret; cum conſtet nihil alterari, <lb></lb>nihil interire, nihil exoriri, abſque motu reciproco, <lb></lb>ſiue actione, & reactione, qua vnaquæque res vim <lb></lb>patiatur; adeo proinde vt violentia naturas ſingu<lb></lb>lareis ſolùm, non vniuerſalem attineat. </s> <s id="id.000371">Prætereà <lb></lb>cum motus naturalis, & violenti voces non videan<lb></lb>tur nobis eſſe confundendæ, ea mihi ſemper vtriuſ<lb></lb>que notio viſa eſt commodiſſima, vt naturalis ap<lb></lb>pelletur, qui aut ſponte, aut ſine vlla repugnantia <lb></lb>fit: violentus, qui præter naturam, aut cum aliqua <lb></lb>repugnantia. </s> <s id="id.000372">Ita inceſſus animalis naturalis eſt, quia <lb></lb>ſponte ſit: ſaltatio violenta, quia cum aliqua repu<lb></lb>gnantia. </s> <s id="id.000373">Ita trajectio globi per aërem violenta, quia <lb></lb>præter naturam; volutio ſupra planum naturalis, <lb></lb>quia nihil repugnat. </s> <s id="id.000374">Rurſùs, quia ſæpenumerò cau<lb></lb>ſa ſeu ſpontanea, ſeu repugnans non apparet, & <lb></lb>quæri poteſt quoddam criterium, quo diſcerni va-<pb pagenum="36" xlink:href="027/01/043.jpg"></pb>leat, vtrum quiſpiam motus naturalis ſit, an vio<lb></lb>lentus; idcircô, vel ex eo, quòd motus principiorum, <lb></lb>qui eſt maximè naturalis, æquabiliſſimus ex ſe eſt; <lb></lb>videtur æquabilitas aſſumi poſſe, vt character, quo, <lb></lb>ſi adſit, iudicemus <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> eſſe naturalem, ſi abſit, violen<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="id.000375">Et ſanè cum ſit commune effatum, Nihil violen<lb></lb>tum eſſe perpetuum; cui eſt conſentaneum, vt quod <lb></lb>eſt naturale perpetuum ſit; conſtat radicem perpe<lb></lb>tuitatis eſſe æquabilitatem, ceſſationis inæquabilita<lb></lb>tem; quatenus id ſolùm, quod neque inualeſcit, ne<lb></lb>que debilitatur, perdurare poteſt; nihilque poteſt <lb></lb>naturæ vi aut increſcere, aut decreſcere infinitè. </s> <s id="id.000376">Ad<lb></lb>hæc, ſi quis requirat motum in hiſce rebus compo<lb></lb>ſitis, qui ſit maximè naturalis, perſpicuum videtur <lb></lb>cum eſſe cæleſtem; quatenus eſt præ cæteris æquabilis, <lb></lb>atque perpetuus; delecta ab authore circulari forma, <lb></lb>ſecundum quam, principiò, & fine carentem, eſſe <lb></lb>æquabilitas, & perpetuitas poſſet. </s> <s id="id.000377">Et ne cauſeris <lb></lb>motum animalium videri potiùs naturalem; vide vt <lb></lb>vel ſola ipſa laſſitudo violentiam quandam indicet; <lb></lb>cùm aliunde animalium motus ea ſolum ratione vi<lb></lb>deatur eſſe naturalis, qua ex circularibus componi<lb></lb>tur; quippe violentus, qua ratione iſti circulares <lb></lb>imperfecti ſunt, atque impediti. </s> <s id="id.000378">Paradoxum vide<lb></lb>retur, non poſſe vllum motum ab animali exſeri, qui <lb></lb>ſimpliciter rectus ſit; neque hominem v. c. ducere <lb></lb>poſſe digito, aut ſtilo rectam lineam, niſi pluribus <lb></lb>motibus circularibus compoſitis ſimùl: Verùm res <lb></lb>tam penè intelligitur ex iis, quæ paulò antè ſunt dicta; <lb></lb>& obſeruare ſolùm eſt opus, quomodo bracchij ex-<pb pagenum="37" xlink:href="027/01/044.jpg"></pb>tenſio inter ducendum rectam fiat, motis ex ordine <lb></lb>digitis, manu, cubito, bracchio ſuper propriis, ac <lb></lb>ſpecialibus centris. </s> <s id="id.000379">Conſidera quoque vt inter ex<lb></lb>pedite ambulandum, ſpontaneus ille bracchiorum <lb></lb>motus, cuius centrum ſcapulæ ſunt, non perinde ſit <lb></lb>defatigationi obnoxius, ac motus crurum, cuius <lb></lb>centrum coxendices, quod non perinde inhibeatur, <lb></lb>& multiplicari cogatur: ſed iſtud tamen obiter. </s> <s id="id.000380">De<lb></lb>nique, ſi quis quærat motum, qui violentus maximè <lb></lb>ſit, is eſſe videtur vterque, de quo heic loci agitur; <lb></lb>nempe qui non modò eſt in re projecta, dum ſursùm <lb></lb>contendit, ſed etiam, qui in re cadente, dum fertur <lb></lb>deorſùm. </s> <s id="id.000381">Argumento eſt, quòd vt ille eſt ab ex<lb></lb>terno principio, ita hic non poſſit eſſe ab interno, qua<lb></lb>le formam dicunt, & quale perſeuerans vniuſmodi, <lb></lb>intelligi cauſa non poſſit, tanti illius, ac tam inæqua<lb></lb>bilis impetus; qui cùm aliunde non valeat incremen<lb></lb>tum continuum infinitè accipere, ideò longè abeſt, <lb></lb>vt durare perpetuò poſſit. </s> <s id="id.000382">Quid dico verò perpe<lb></lb>tuò? </s> <s id="id.000383">cùm prolixiſſimus omnium vix vnico horæ mo<lb></lb>mento perduret, eaque ratione peragatur, vt ſi ca<lb></lb>dens ex alto corpus minùs benè compactum ſit, im<lb></lb>petu ipſo diſſipetur; intelligamuſque, ſi caſus in im<lb></lb>menſum pateret, impetuſque eadem ſemper propor<lb></lb>tione in immenſum increſceret, nullam penitùs com<lb></lb>pactionem ad inexſolubilitatem corporis eſſe ſuffe<lb></lb>cturam. </s> <s id="id.000384">Quod ſanè conuincit hunc motum natura<lb></lb>lem propriè non eſſe, ſed violentum potiùs, imô <lb></lb>euaſurum tandem violentiſſimum, ſiue quo violen<lb></lb>tior excogitari non valeat; cùm is, qui à natura eſt, <pb pagenum="38" xlink:href="027/01/045.jpg"></pb>intelligatur eſſe debere placidus, atque vniformis, <lb></lb>& nihil minùs, quàm ad deſtructionem eius corpo<lb></lb>ris, quod attinet, tendens. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000385">X. </s> <s id="id.000386">Non repeto heic, quemadmodum lapis à <lb></lb>vertice mali, dum nauis mouetur, apparenter ſolùm <lb></lb>ſecundum perpendiculum cadat, reipſâ verò obliquè <lb></lb>per eam, quam deſcripſimus lineam; innüo duntaxat <lb></lb>lapidem non ſponte moueri, quia mouetur vi à ma<lb></lb>nu impreſſa ex tranſlatione manus à naui, cui vnà <lb></lb>cum malo inſiſtit. </s> <s id="id.000387">Atque id quidem ſeu manus in <lb></lb>faſtigio mali conſiſtens lapidem dimittat, ſeu lapis <lb></lb>ex radice mali projectus, vbi peruenerit ad ſummum, <lb></lb>poſteà recidat; vt proinde intelligas poſſe vel ex hoc <lb></lb>capite motum lapidis decidentis, recidentiſve dici <lb></lb>violentum. </s> <s id="id.000388">Dices, cùm hic obliquus motus miſtus, <lb></lb>ſeu compoſitus ſit ex perpendiculari, & horizontali; <lb></lb>id quidem, quod eſt ex horizontali, exiſtimari poſſe <lb></lb>violentum, at quod ex perpendiculari, id ſaltem eſſe <lb></lb>naturale. </s> <s id="id.000389">Nam quòd lapis quidem ſursùm projectus, <lb></lb>& nihilominùs obliquè incedens, ſecundum vtrum<lb></lb>que violentus ſit, videri perſpicuum: quoniam vtriuſ<lb></lb>que cauſa externa, impellenſque eſt, illius nempe <lb></lb>ipſa vis nauis, huius verò vis manus propria: at quod <lb></lb>deorsùm dimiſſus, & obliquè nihilominùs incedens, <lb></lb>ſecundum vtrumque violentus ſit, non poſſe perin<lb></lb>de eſſe in confeſſo: quippe horizontalis quidem cau<lb></lb>ſa ſimiliter externa, impellenſque, vis nauis eſt; ſed <lb></lb>perpendicularis cauſa non eſt perinde vis propria <lb></lb>manus. </s> <s id="id.000390">Quare & neceſſe videri lapidem eo motu <lb></lb>moueri ab interno principio: eſſéque proinde eum <pb pagenum="39" xlink:href="027/01/046.jpg"></pb>motum non violentum, ſed naturalem. </s> <s id="id.000391">Attamen id <lb></lb>videtur primum conſideratione dignum, ſi ex duobus <lb></lb>his motibus, perpendiculari nempe, & horizontali, qui <lb></lb>obliquum illum componunt, alter habendus natu<lb></lb>ralis ſit, illum horizontalem potiùs, quàm perpen<lb></lb>dicularem eſſe. </s> <s id="id.000392">Id verò patet; quia cùm projectum <lb></lb>pars fuerit aliqua totius, quòd ſecundum horizon<lb></lb>tem, ſeu circulariter mouebatur, ideò ad eius imi<lb></lb>tationem mouetur circulariter, ac naturaliter proin<lb></lb>de, & prorsùs æquabiliter; adeò vt, quantumcùm<lb></lb>que motus perpendicularis increſcat ſemper, aut de<lb></lb>creſcat; ipſe tamen horizontalis vno ſemper tenore <lb></lb>fluat, inuariabiliterque procedat. </s> <s id="id.000393">Ac fortè res mi<lb></lb>nùs mirabilis eſſet, de impreſſione ex motu terræ, ſi <lb></lb>quis vellet ipſam ſupra axem ſuum mobilem ſuppo<lb></lb>nere: ſiquidem lapis dici poſſet moueri vniformiter, <lb></lb>ob ſpontaneam conſequutionem, ad vniformem <lb></lb>motum totius; ſeu cum eo cohærens, ſeu abiunctus <lb></lb>foret; Sed mirabile ſanè eſt de impreſſione ex naui, <lb></lb>equo, curru, aliave re, aut ex ſola manu: quandò <lb></lb>lapis non habet cum rebus eiuſcemodi, motibuſve <lb></lb>earum parem relationem. </s> <s id="id.000394">Ex quo par eſt exiſtimare, <lb></lb>motum horizontalem, à quacúmque cauſa is fiat, ex <lb></lb>ſua natura perpetuum fore, niſi cauſa aliqua interue<lb></lb>nerit, quæ mobile abducat, motumque exturbet. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000395">Id, vt minùs abſurdum habeas, concipiendum eſt <lb></lb>mobile, quod tantúndem ſeſe reducat, quantùm <lb></lb>abductum fuerit. </s> <s id="id.000396">Huiuſmodi autem eſſe poteſt ex<lb></lb>quiſitus, & vniformis materiæ globus, ſi volui ipſum <lb></lb>imagineris ſupra horizontem, ſeu ambitum terræ, <pb pagenum="40" xlink:href="027/01/047.jpg"></pb>quem aliunde eſſe exquiſitè complanatum concipias <lb></lb>Si ſupponas enim te illi vel leuiculum imprimere <lb></lb>motum; intelliges ſanè hunc motum nun quam ceſſa<lb></lb>turum, ſed globum reuolutum iri ſecundum totum <lb></lb>ambitum, ac reuolutione peracta reuolutum iterùm <lb></lb>iri, & conſequenter iterùm, & ita continuò perſeue<lb></lb>raturum. </s> <s id="id.000397">Cauſa porrô eſt, quoniam globus moueri <lb></lb>tantillum hoc modo non poteſt, quin centro exſi<lb></lb>ſtente ſemper perpendiculari ad id punctum, quo glo<lb></lb>bus contingit horizontale planum, tantum ſit molis <lb></lb>antè, quantum retrò, & pars anterior non poſſit <lb></lb>tendere deorſum, quin pars poſterior tendat ſurſum; <lb></lb>& illa ſemper hanc pertrahat, iſta ſemper illam pro<lb></lb>pellat; adeò proinde, vt cùm nulla cauſa poſſit deor<lb></lb>sùm adigere globum, quin quantum ex vna parte de<lb></lb>primit, tantúndem eleuet ex alia, oporteat motum <lb></lb>ſemel impreſſum conſtare ſemper inter depreſſionem, <lb></lb>& eleuationem medium: atque idcircô vniformem, <lb></lb>inceſſantemque perſeuerare. </s> <s id="id.000398">Accedit, quòd nulla ſit <lb></lb>cauſa, quamobrem ſuum curſum vel retardet vnquam, <lb></lb>vel acceleret, quatenus nunquam magis, vel minus à <lb></lb>centro terræ abſcedit, aut ad id accedit: neque cur <lb></lb>proinde vnquam debeat à motu ceſſare, quemadmo<lb></lb>dum fieret, ſi ſupponeres ali quam in ſuperficie in æqua<lb></lb>bilitatem. </s> <s id="id.000399">Nam ſicubi decliuitas, & accliuitas foret, <lb></lb>acceleraret motum per locum decliuem, & retardaret <lb></lb>per accliuem: &, ſi tanta accliuitas eſſet, vt emergere <lb></lb>ſupra eam non poſſet, cogeretur recurrere, excurreque, <lb></lb>& poſt excurſus, recurſuſque aliquot conquieſcere <lb></lb>tandem in medio inter accliuitatem, & decliuitatem <pb pagenum="41" xlink:href="027/01/048.jpg"></pb>loco. </s> <s id="id.000400">Ex quo rurſus intelligis, ſi globus eius naturæ <lb></lb>ſit, vt per decliuem locum acceleretur, & per accli<lb></lb>uem retardetur, fore vt loco neque decliui, neque <lb></lb>accliui exſiſtente, neque accelerationem, neque re<lb></lb>tardationem accipiat, ſed tenorem ſeruet, ac inde<lb></lb>ſinenter moueatur. </s> <s id="id.000401">Atque hæc quidem attingo ſo<lb></lb>lùm, vt planum faciam, ſi alteruter motuum haben<lb></lb>dus naturalis ſit, illum horizontalem eſſe, potiuſ<lb></lb>quàm perpendicularem. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000402">XI. </s> <s id="id.000403">Quia verò dubium ſupereſt de perpendicu<lb></lb>laris principio, non repeto quamobrem illum non <lb></lb>eſſe internum inſinüauerim. </s> <s id="id.000404">Addo ſolùm, quia vi<lb></lb>demus motum deorſùm eadem proportione veloci<lb></lb>tatis increſcere, qua motus ſursùm decreſcit; ea<lb></lb>propter videri omninô duo eſſe principia externa, <lb></lb>quæ mutuò quaſi colluctentur, certatimque exſerant <lb></lb>vireis circa idem mobile. </s> <s id="id.000405">Et principium quidem ex<lb></lb>ternum motus ſurſum conſtat eſſe manum, aliudve <lb></lb>corpus proijciens; at cum principium externum mo<lb></lb>tus deorſum non perinde appareat, ideó-ne nullum <lb></lb>eſt dicendum? </s> <s id="id.000406">Non ſannè, niſi fortè cùm vides ferrum, <lb></lb>aliàs immotum jacens, ad magnetem pellici, nullam <lb></lb>cauſam externam cenſeas, quæ pellectionem faciat; <lb></lb>aut cùm vides rem pendulam, aliàs quieſcentem, agi<lb></lb>tari, ac externam cauſam non vides, nullam eſſe <lb></lb>externam putes, à qua agitatio procedat. </s> <s id="id.000407">Cęterùm, <lb></lb>cùm plures ſint modi, quibus cauſa externa mouet, <lb></lb>conſtat tamen omneis ad duos, tanquam pręcipuos <lb></lb>pertinere, impulſionem, & attractionem. </s> <s id="id.000408">Age ita<lb></lb>que experiamur, an-non motus rerum caden-<pb pagenum="42" xlink:href="027/01/049.jpg"></pb>tium, ſiue perpendicularis, aliqua eſſe poſſit <lb></lb>cauſa ſeu impellens, ſeu attrahens, ſeu po<lb></lb>tiùs impellens, & attrahens ſimùl. </s> <s id="id.000409">Ac impel<lb></lb>lens quidem; ſi aliqua ſit, ea non videtur eſſe poſſe <lb></lb>alia, quàm aer ſupernè incumbens, & à tergo in<lb></lb>ſtans. </s> <s id="id.000410">Nullum certè eſſe videtur argumentum alte<lb></lb>rius: nam & quamuis ſupremæ aeris regioni ſaper<lb></lb>exſtruas, vel ſphæram igneam, vel auram ætheream, <lb></lb>quæ à cælorum regionibus, motibuſve cohibita aërem <lb></lb>ipſum circumquáque inter ſe, & terram cohibeat; id <lb></lb>tamen nihil aliud efficiet, quàm vt aer ſuperne preſſus <lb></lb>premat ſupernè lapidem; ſicque aer erit ſemper cauſa, <lb></lb>ſaltem proxima lapidem impellens. </s> <s id="id.000411">Aerem porrô eſſe <lb></lb>poſſe impellentem lapidis cauſam, non diffitebitur ſal<lb></lb>tem Ariſtoteles, qui dum res proiectæ à motore ſejun<lb></lb>ctæ ſunt, moueri eas vult ab aere ſolo, qui motus à <lb></lb>proijciente, alium porrô moueat, à quo alius rursùm <lb></lb>moueatur, quovſque impetu ſenſim debilitato, mo<lb></lb>tus tandem ceſſet, & quies ſequatur. </s> <s id="id.000412">Quoniam verò <lb></lb>dicere Ariſtoteles non poteſt; ecquidnam ipſum im<lb></lb>petum frangat, præter aerem occurrentem, qui aeri <lb></lb>procedenti, proiectûmque pellenti continuò reſiſtat; <lb></lb>an non proinde fatebitur aerem ſupernè incumben<lb></lb>tem, qua vi poteſt reſiſtere projecto ſurſùm lapidi, <lb></lb>poſſe cum deinceps trudere deorſùm? </s> <s id="id.000413">Quamcumque <lb></lb>vim ſanè manus lapidi, aerive imprimat, ſuperior <lb></lb>eſſe aer videtur, qui & tendenti ſurſùm lapidi con<lb></lb>tinenter reſiſtat, & vim continenter in ipſum faciens, <lb></lb>impetum a manu impreſſum continuò refringat; do<lb></lb>nec ſuperato toto impetu, ipſe ſemper incumbens, <pb pagenum="43" xlink:href="027/01/050.jpg"></pb>& parem vim faciens, impetum victorem continuò <lb></lb>imprimat, nouúmque ſemper adiiciat; adeò vt in ſine <lb></lb>motus deorsùm, tantundem ſit impetus ab aere, <lb></lb>quantùm initio motus ſurſùm, impreſſum fuerat ab <lb></lb>ipſa manu. </s> <s id="id.000414">Et quæſo te, ſi aliquis lapidem ſurſùm ex <lb></lb>fundo maris pari vi, qua aliùs ex imo aere projiciat; <lb></lb>quare lapis nec tam altum aſcendet, neque ex<gap></gap>am diſ<lb></lb>ſito loco deorſùm redibit? </s> <s id="id.000415">An-non quia aqua lapidi <lb></lb>magis reſiſtet, quàm aer, impreſſumque impetum & <lb></lb>vehementiùs franget, & expugnabit citiùs, ac dein<lb></lb>ceps lapidi ſemper imminens, proprium impetum im<lb></lb>primere perget, nec finem faciet addendi nouum, <lb></lb>donec in fundum reduxerit? </s> <s id="id.000416">Diſcrimen certè ſolum<lb></lb>modò eſt ſecundum majorem, minoremque reſiſten<lb></lb>tiam; cùm aërem quoque non nihil reſiſtere argua<lb></lb>tur, vel ex eo ſtridore, quem edit, dum à corporibus <lb></lb>vehementiùs per ipſum actis frangitur. </s> <s id="id.000417">Et quamuis <lb></lb>præ ſua tenuïtate non videatur poſſe impetui tanto re<lb></lb>ſiſtere; cogita tamen proportionem eſſe cum aquæ <lb></lb>reſiſtentia; illamque vt intelligas, compara non <lb></lb>modò perexiguum, ac penè nullum lapidis aſcenſum <lb></lb>ex fundo aquæ, cum incomparabiliter altiore ex <lb></lb>imo aëre; ſed etiam progreſſum penè inſenſibilem <lb></lb>bombardici globi per aquam tranſuerſùm adacti, <lb></lb>reſpectu illius, qui per aërem fieri obſeruatur; & <lb></lb>agnoſces, vt intra aquam propter maximam reſiſten<lb></lb>tiam, paruum ſpatium peragitur; ſic in aëre propter <lb></lb>paruam, ſpatium maximum peragi. </s> <s id="id.000418">Dices dubium <lb></lb>fortè non eſſede reſiſtentia aëris, dum aliquid agitur <lb></lb>ſursùm; ſed de impetu, qui imprimatur ab aëre, <pb pagenum="44" xlink:href="027/01/051.jpg"></pb>dum idem corpus fertur deorſùm; quoniam videmus <lb></lb>parietem, pauimentum, & alia ſic reſiſtere, vt non <lb></lb>proptereà vim vllam faciant, impetumve corporibus <lb></lb>incurrentibus imprimant. </s> <s id="id.000419">Sed vt hoc eſt verùm dè <lb></lb>rebus immotis, quæque diſtracta in ſe non redeunt, <lb></lb>neque rurſùs coëunt; ita dici planè non poteſt de iis, <lb></lb>quæ aut mouentur, aut à ſuo ſitu deductæ illum <lb></lb>repetunt. </s> <s id="id.000420">Abduc certè arboris ramum, ille non mo<lb></lb>dò tibi reſiſtet, ſed poſtea quoque cùm vehementia <lb></lb>ſitum ſuum ita repetet, vt ſi quidpiam occurrerit, <lb></lb>impetu magno illud propellat; qua ratione ſit ſagit<lb></lb>tarum jactus. </s> <s id="id.000421">Diffinde quoque ramum in duas par<lb></lb>teis, quæ in trunco tamen cohæreant; eæ partes non <lb></lb>ſolùm diducenti reſiſtent, ſed reducent prætereà ſe<lb></lb>ſe eâ vehementiâ, eóque impetu, cui ne vires qui<lb></lb>dem Milonis ſint pares. </s> <s id="id.000422">Itaque ipſe quoque aër, <lb></lb>tametſi aliàs immotus ſit, ita tamen à corpore præ<lb></lb>teruadente diſtrahi poteſt, vt partes diſtractæ ma<lb></lb>gna cum vehementia ſeſe inuicem repetant, locum <lb></lb>que à corpore occupatum, & iam iam relictum de<lb></lb>nuò repleant, ſicque corpus ipſum non ſine facto <lb></lb>impetu vlteriùs propellant. </s> <s id="id.000423">Et res quidem videretur <lb></lb>ſide propè deſtitui; ſed experimenta tot ſunt, ac ea <lb></lb>præſertìm, quæ circa vacuum impediendum com<lb></lb>memorantur, vt cùm te latere non poſſint, comme<lb></lb>morare ſuperfluum ſit. </s> <s id="id.000424">Velim ſolùm, ne hæreas, <lb></lb>quomodò res adeò fluxa, ac eſt aër; tantam vim <lb></lb>propellendi habeat; cogites & ventorum vim, qua <lb></lb>flagellantur arbores, qua transſeruntur nauigia, qua <lb></lb>euertuntur ædificia, qua ſuſque deque mare moue-<pb pagenum="45" xlink:href="027/01/052.jpg"></pb>tur; & impetum, quo aër compreſſus catapultis il<lb></lb>lis pneumaticis recens adinuentis, globulum plum<lb></lb>beum, ſagittamve laxatis habenis non ſecùs explodit, <lb></lb>ac in bombardis facit puluis pyrius. </s> <s id="id.000425">Quin etiam in <lb></lb>his, quæſo te, quid poteſt eſſe admirabilius, quàm <lb></lb>flammulam impetu tanto, ac tam procùl abigere glo<lb></lb>bum adeò denſum, atque ponderoſum? </s> <s id="id.000426">Non-ne ip<lb></lb>ſa quoque flammula eſt admodùm fluxa? </s> <s id="id.000427">Et quis cre<lb></lb>deret eius vi, non globum modò antrorſùm agi; ſed <lb></lb>machinam etiam tormentariam adeò magnam, adeó<lb></lb>que grauem retrorſùm pelli? </s> <s id="id.000428">Quid verò, ſi id ſine <lb></lb>aere vnà accurrente non fiat? </s> <s id="id.000429">videlicet fieri videtur, <lb></lb>dum flamma in ſui creatione ampliorem locum quæ<lb></lb>ritans, tum in poſticam machinæ partem impetum <lb></lb>conuertit, tum in globum anteriùs ſitum, qui ob li<lb></lb>bertatem canalis exſiliens, flammam inſtantem ita <lb></lb>habet, vt ea diſpereunte, & inanem locum relinquen<lb></lb>te, conuolet aër, ex aduerſa parte, ac tanto quidem <lb></lb>impetu, vt & machinam retrorſùm compellat, & <lb></lb>impactus tonitru excitet, & commoto aere circum <lb></lb>vicino, etiam ingenteis ædeis concutiat. </s> <s id="id.000430">Tanta igitur <lb></lb>eſſe poteſt vehementia aëris; vt intelligas ipſum poſſe <lb></lb>non lapidi modò ſurſùm niti reſiſtere, ſed ipſum <lb></lb>etiam impetu facto, impreſſóque, pellere deorsùm. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000431">At, inquies, cùm lapis ſursùm nititur, nonne aër quo<lb></lb>que diſtrahitur, & in locum à lapide relictum infernè <lb></lb>ſuccedit? </s> <s id="id.000432">An non impetum ergo imprimet, & mo<lb></lb>tum impreſſum à manu juuabit? </s> <s id="id.000433">An-non proinde <lb></lb>tantum aberit, vt impetus decreſcere debeat, quin <lb></lb>debeat potius increſcere, ac lapis ferri ſurſum duplò <pb pagenum="46" xlink:href="027/01/053.jpg"></pb>velociùs, quàm deorſum, cum ſurſum agatur geminæ <lb></lb>vi, & deorſum vna duntaxat? </s> <s id="id.000434">Nam opponi quidem <lb></lb>non poteſt reſiſtentia aëris, dum lapis ſurſum niti<lb></lb>tur; ſimilis enim infernè fit, cum lapis prorumpit <lb></lb>deorſum. </s> <s id="id.000435">Accidit, quòd cadente quidem lapide, vi<lb></lb>detur aër accurrere ad locum iam relictum poſſe; at <lb></lb>dum lapide quieſcente fulcrum ſuſtentans ſubducitur, <lb></lb>non eſt cur aër ſupernè accurrat; & cum accurrat po<lb></lb>tius infernè, an non deberet lapis ſurſum, potiuſquam <lb></lb>deorſùm propelli? </s> <s id="id.000436">Dum etiam lapis projectus ſur<lb></lb>ſum, punctum ſupremum attigit, in quo quædam eſt <lb></lb>veluti libratio, exæquatis momentis virium tam mo<lb></lb>uentium, quàm reſiſtentium; an-non deberet lapis <lb></lb>in eo penitùs conquieſcere, vt non exſiſtente in aëre <lb></lb>cauſa, quæ lapidem magis adigat deorſùm, quàm, <lb></lb>ſurſum? </s> <s id="id.000437">Vt verum fatear, hæc difficultas videtur euin<lb></lb>cere, aërem quidem eſſe poſſe cauſam aliquam ad<lb></lb>juuantem, adaugentemque motus deorsùm velo<lb></lb>citatem; at non eſſe tamen ſolam vel ſufficientem; <lb></lb>ſed exigi prætereà aliam, quæ lapidi faciat motus <lb></lb>deorſum initium, quæque reſiſtentiam aëris inferio<lb></lb>ris vincat, vt cœptum ſemel motum aër ſuperior <lb></lb>promoueat, lapidem velut ſollicitans, & continuò <lb></lb>magis, magiſque inſtigans. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000438">XII. </s> <s id="id.000439">Itaque præter cauſam impellentem, videtur <lb></lb>eſſe neceſſarium ad attrahentem recurrere, quæ id <lb></lb>muneris exſequatur. </s> <s id="id.000440">Cæterùm, hæc vis quænam <lb></lb>alia ſit, quàm quæ totius globi Telluris propria ſit, <lb></lb>& magnetica dici poſſit? </s> <s id="id.000441">Profecto cum globus tel<lb></lb>luris totum quodpiam ſit, notum eſt nullum eſſe <pb pagenum="47" xlink:href="027/01/054.jpg"></pb>totum à natura inſtitutum, cui non ſit inſita vis <lb></lb>ſui ipſius conſeruatrix, ac proinde qua parteis ſui <lb></lb>cohærenteis contineat, ſeparationique illarum reſi<lb></lb>ſtat. </s> <s id="id.000442">Ex hoc autem fit, vt ſi partes Terræ aliquo ca<lb></lb>ſu auellantur, reſiſtat ipſa, & vi ſua, ſeu hamulis, <lb></lb>catenuliſque inſenſilibus retrahat, vt dum quis ma<lb></lb>num à ſe abduci extento bracchio non patitur, & <lb></lb>abductam vi ſua, ſeu ſpiritibus per neruos tranſmiſ<lb></lb>ſis retrahit in ſe ipſum. </s> <s id="id.000443">Terram autem globi parteis, <lb></lb>ſeu terrena corpora voco, non modo parteis terræ, <lb></lb>& aquæ (quæ eſt globi terreni pars liquida, & qua<lb></lb>ſi ſanguis in animali) verùm etiam tam lapides, me<lb></lb>talla, cætera foſſilia, plantas, animalia, & quæcùm<lb></lb>que terræ, & aquæ manifeſtam originem debent, in <lb></lb>quibus habeo etiam pluuiam, rorem, niuem, gran<lb></lb>dinem, & meteora cætera, itemque vapores, & ex<lb></lb>halationes; quàm ipſum quoque aërem, quo tellus <lb></lb>quaſi circumveſtitur, vt malum cotoneum ſua lanu<lb></lb>gine (quoniam ſi ex hoc circum terram ſpatio de<lb></lb>mas vapores, halituſque, ac vniuerſè omneis fumos, <lb></lb>& corpuſcula, quæ ex terra, & aqua continuò ex<lb></lb>primuntur, aſcenduntque, & deſcendunt, varieque <lb></lb>mouentur, aut quieſcunt; quod ſupererit nihil aliud <lb></lb>fore intelligitur, quàm inane ſpatium) denique ip<lb></lb>ſum etiam ignem; quem manifeſtum eſt non gigni <lb></lb>niſi ex terrena materia, ſeu ea ſit lignum, oleum, <lb></lb>adeps, ſeu alia pinguis ſubſtantia. </s> <s id="id.000444">Itaque hæc cor<lb></lb>pora ſunt, quæ, quaſi ſui parteis, Terra continet, <lb></lb>neque auelli patitur, aut dum auelluntur, repetit: <lb></lb>tametſi, quia corpora plura in eodem ſimùl loco <pb pagenum="48" xlink:href="027/01/055.jpg"></pb>eſſe virtute naturæ non poſſunt, efficiatur, vt plu<lb></lb>ribus corporibus ſimùl repetitis, attractiſque à Ter<lb></lb>ra, ea, quæ terrena magis fuerint, propiùs admoue<lb></lb>antur, quæ minùs remotiùs conſiſtant; & vbi con<lb></lb>tigerit iſta illorum locum, ſeu majorem terræ vici<lb></lb>niam occupare, tum illis accedentibus, ab iis expel<lb></lb>lantur, coganturque ſecedere, & tendere ſursùm; <lb></lb>ex quo illa grauia, hæc leuia dicuntur, vt fortè <lb></lb>occurret dicendum inferiùs. </s> <s id="id.000445">Heic ſolùm dico, de<lb></lb>fendi poſſe ineſſe Terræ magneticam vim, quam cir<lb></lb>cumquáque diffundat, quáque ſui parteis conjunctas <lb></lb>contineat, & ſejunctas ad ſe reducat, eo modo, quo <lb></lb>magnes fragmenta, ſeu parteis magnetis, atque <lb></lb>etiam ferri (quod magnetica quædam proles eſt, vt <lb></lb>fit ex fodinis perſpicuum) & junctas cohibet, & cor<lb></lb>ripit ſejunctas. </s> <s id="id.000446">Addere poſſem globum hunc Terræ <lb></lb>nihil eſſe aliud, quàm grandem magnetem, vel eo <lb></lb>argumento, quòd magnes parua terra ſit, & à Gil<lb></lb>berto proptereà <foreign lang="grc">μικρογνὴ</foreign> vocetur; cùm nempe vtri<lb></lb>que ſui ſint poli, ſuus axis, ſuus æquator, ſui me<lb></lb>ridiani, ſui paralleli; cùm ſepoſita alteratione qua<lb></lb>rumdam Terræ partium in ipſa eius ſuperficie, cæ<lb></lb>teræ habeant magneticam, ſeu ferri ipſius attractri<lb></lb>cem vim, licet quædam manifeſtiorem, quædam <lb></lb>obſcuriorem ſortiantur, vti argilla, lateres, alia: cùm <lb></lb>magnes eas ſui parteis conuertat ad polos, quas in <lb></lb>minora (ſeu dum Terræ inhęreret) conuerſas ad po<lb></lb>los pręhabuerit: cùm ille proinde argumentetur præ<lb></lb>ter hanc Terræ quaſi cruſtam, non multas orgyiarum <lb></lb>centurias infra ſuperficiem, protenſam, reliquum <pb pagenum="49" xlink:href="027/01/056.jpg"></pb>Terræ quaſi nucleum eſſe ſuâ naturâ, & ſubſtantia<lb></lb>liter magnetem, ac huiuſmodi alia; Nihilominùs <lb></lb>placet ſolùm habere Terram, quaſi magnetem, qua<lb></lb>tenùs vt magnes emittit ex ſe corpuſcula quædam, <lb></lb>ſeu radios, quibus corpora magnetica ad ſe alliciat; <lb></lb>ita videtur Terra emittere, quibus ad ſe alliciat, <lb></lb>pertrahatque corpora terrena. </s> <s id="id.000447">Scilicet concipien<lb></lb>dum eſt effluere continuò ex Terra non modò vapo<lb></lb>res, exhalationes, & vniuerſè corpuſcula, ex quibus <lb></lb>meteora gignuntur; aut ex quibus aëris corpus <lb></lb>contexi intelligitur; verùm etiam alia longè inſen<lb></lb>ſibiliora, nec minùs ſubtilia, quàm quæ ex ma<lb></lb>gnete emanantia poſſunt etiam marmor præ ſubtili<lb></lb>tate ſua penetrare. </s> <s id="id.000448">Ac emitti quidem ex Terra ali<lb></lb>quid eiuſcemodi improbabile magis foret, niſi (quod <lb></lb>antè inuimus) vel ipſum magnetis exemplum ſuc<lb></lb>curreret, ex quo emitti aliquid, tametſi inſenſenſibile, <lb></lb>ipſa ferri attractio arguit. </s> <s id="id.000449">Nam quamuis poſſis di<lb></lb>cere non tam vi magnetis ferrum attrahi, quàm vi <lb></lb>ſibi propria tendere ad ipſum; ſaltem, cùm ferrum <lb></lb>non ex quacúmque diſtantiâ ad magnetem tendat, <lb></lb>ſed ſolùm cùm vicinum eſt; manifeſtum eſt debere <lb></lb>aliquid ex magnete in ferrum emitti, quo vis ferri <lb></lb>propria velut admoneatur, & ſollicitetur ad peten<lb></lb>dum magnetem. </s> <s id="id.000450">Et fac loco magnetis, emiſſionem <lb></lb>fieri ex ferro, fac ex vtróque, perinde erit; ſatis eſt <lb></lb>fieri aliquod effluuium, quod ſit infra ſenſum, & quo <lb></lb>intercedente vnum corpus pelliciatur ad aliud. </s> <s id="id.000451">Quid<lb></lb>ni verò neceſſe ſit aliquid intercedere, cùm nulla <lb></lb>actio phyſica ſit ſine agente phyſico; neque phyſi-<pb pagenum="50" xlink:href="027/01/057.jpg"></pb>cum vllum agens, niſi inſtrumento intercedente, age<lb></lb>re poſſit in rem diſtantem? </s> <s id="id.000452">Neque ſufficit dicere <lb></lb>emitti ex magnete vſque qualitatem quandam in <lb></lb>ferrum; niſi dicantur ſimùl emitti inſenſilia cor<lb></lb>puſcula, quæ ſint quaſi vehiculum eiuſcemodi qua<lb></lb>litatis. </s> <s id="id.000453">Nempe qualitas, quod accidens ſit, ince<lb></lb>dere ſolitarie non poteſt, neque dici poteſt alterari <lb></lb>à magnete acrem, lignum, chartam, quodlibet in<lb></lb>terpoſitum, à quo denique ferrum alteretur: ſiqui<lb></lb>dem nulla fit alteratio in corporibus interpoſitis; <lb></lb>per quæ ſi ferrum alteratum attraheretur, deberent <lb></lb>ſanè ipſa quoque alterata attrahi magis. </s> <s id="id.000454">Emitti ergo <lb></lb>ex magnete corpuſcula in ferrum debent, quæ agere <lb></lb>in ipſum poſſint; eo modò, quo ex re odorata non <lb></lb>qualitas nuda odoris aut ſolitariè emittitur, aut <lb></lb>aërem alterat; ſed effunditur ſimùl vapor, contex<lb></lb>turave aliqua corpuſculorum tenuiſſimorum, quæ <lb></lb>vbi ad olfactus organum peruenerint, in ipſum agant, <lb></lb>odori que, ſeu rei odoratæ ſenſionem faciant. </s> <s id="id.000455">Et <lb></lb>certè quemadmodum odor cum vapore, ſeu halitu <lb></lb>ſuo ex re odorata tandem euaneſcit, atque exhau<lb></lb>ritur; ita contingere videmus & in magnete, & in <lb></lb>ferro, quod ex affrictu cum magnete vim attrahen<lb></lb>di contraxerit; nempe iſta vis ſenſim elangueſcit; <lb></lb>neque id poteſt contingere, niſi effluxu continuo ip<lb></lb>ſa corpuſcula exhauriatur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000456">XIII. </s> <s id="id.000457">An forte dices corpora alia, vt objecta <lb></lb>ſunt viſus, vel auditus, agere in ipſa ſenſuum or<lb></lb>gana, abſque huiuſmodi effluxu, ſeu emiſſione cor<lb></lb>puſculorum? </s> <s id="id.000458">Verùm cùm hoc ipſum in queſtione <pb pagenum="51" xlink:href="027/01/058.jpg"></pb>ſit, probabilitate quoque ſua non caret, emitti quæ<lb></lb>dem ſpecialia lucis, colotis, ſoni corpuſcula, quæ <lb></lb>organa ſenſuum afficiant; idque vel ipſa demul<lb></lb>cendo, attrahendoque ad ſe mellitis quaſi catenu<lb></lb>lis, vt quæ ex rebus pulcris, conſonantibuſque pro<lb></lb>cedunt; vel eadem diſcerpendo, abigendoque ſca<lb></lb>bris, acutiſque quibuſdam quaſi contulis, ſpiculiſ<lb></lb>que, vt quæ ex rebus deformibus, diſſonantibuſque <lb></lb>oriuntur. </s> <s id="id.000459">Ridebis fortaſſe, quia hæc inſtrumenta ne<lb></lb>que diſcerni oculis, neque attrectari manibus poſ<lb></lb>ſent; ſed peruidebis facilè vel ex ipſo ſenſu olfa<lb></lb>ctus inſtrumenta quædam eiuſmodi eſſe, quæ tamen <lb></lb>neque ad oculum, neque ad manum exigi poſſint: <lb></lb>Quæſo, dum prope cloacam tranſis, quid eſt, quod <lb></lb>inde te abigit? </s> <s id="id.000460">An vides quidpiam oculis, aut tan<lb></lb>gis quidpiam manibus, quod te cogat abſcedere : <lb></lb>Non ſanè; ſed eſt tamen quidpiam, nempe halitus <lb></lb>teter, qui cùm impactus in oculum, aut manum ſui <lb></lb>ſenſum non faciat, facit tamen impactus in intimas <lb></lb>nareis, in quibus quæ reſidet pars, ſiue facultas ſen<lb></lb>tiens offenditur, ac refugit, corpuſque tuum inde <lb></lb>auertit: eodem planè modo, quo, ſi manus, aut <lb></lb>alia pars corporis examine quodam veſparum, vibra<lb></lb>tis aculeis inſectantium, compungeretur. </s> <s id="id.000461">Diſcrimen <lb></lb>eſt ſolùm, quòd fœtoris aculei ſint incomparabi<lb></lb>liter ſubtiliores veſparum aculeis, qui ipſi iam ſub<lb></lb>tiles ſunt; idque ſubinnuo, vt intelligas, quantò <lb></lb>ſenſus viſus (idemque proportione dico de auditu) <lb></lb>eſt incomparabiliter olfactu ſubtilior; tantò aculeos <lb></lb>ex re deformi emiſſos, eſſe adhûc poſſe incompara-<pb pagenum="52" xlink:href="027/01/059.jpg"></pb>biliter ſubtiliores iis, qui à re fœtida emittuntur; <lb></lb>vtque ex effectu oppoſito intelligas, radios illos, & <lb></lb>quaſi catenulas, vncinuloſque rei pulcræ eſſe poſſe <lb></lb>incomparabiliter ſubtiliores iis, quibus roſa nareis <lb></lb>ad ſe pellicit. </s> <s id="id.000462">Vnum reperies difficile; videlicet <lb></lb>imaginari tenuïtatem illam incredibilem huiuſmodi <lb></lb>corpuſculorum: ſed quia iam legiſti, opinor, in <lb></lb>exemplo epiſtolæ ſuperiore Auguſto ad Licetum <lb></lb>ſcriptæ, quod eſt Luillerio præ manibus, vnde <lb></lb>poſſis exiſtimare difficultatem eſſe ſubmotam, ideò <lb></lb>ſubmouere non aggredior heic. </s> <s id="id.000463">Velim ſolùm con<lb></lb>ſideres eam eſſe ſenſuum noſtrorum hebetudinem, <lb></lb>eam naturæ ſubtilitatem, vt vbi ſubtilitas noſtra de<lb></lb>ſinit, ſuam explicare natura incipiat; veluti dum exſol<lb></lb>uit, aut compingit animalculum A cari ex innumeris <lb></lb>prope illis myriadibus particularum, ſine quibus id <lb></lb>animal conſtare omninô non poteſt; & in cuius tamen <lb></lb>paruitatem acuties noſtra deſinit: aut dum ex cor<lb></lb>poris ſuperficie continenter deradit viſibileis ſpe<lb></lb>cies, & quaſi membranulas (niſi malis has totas eſſe <lb></lb>à lucidis corporibus ex ſuperficiebus corporum re<lb></lb>flexas) quæ vix tandem poſt multa ſæcula coaduna<lb></lb>tæ, vnius telæ araneæ craſſitudini exæquari poſſint. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000464">Heinc ſanè minùs mirabere, minuſque ridiculum <lb></lb>duces, quod propono tibi de illa ineffabili, aut in<lb></lb>excogitabili potiùs tenuitate organulorum, quibus <lb></lb>agentia naturalia in eliciendis illis ſuis planè admi<lb></lb>rabilibus operationibus vtuntur. </s> <s id="id.000465">Vtcúmque ſit ſanè, <lb></lb>ipſe non percipio, quomodo quicquid per ſympa<lb></lb>thiam, aut antipathiam perhibetur agere, agat reipſâ, <pb pagenum="53" xlink:href="027/01/060.jpg"></pb>niſi immittendo in eam rem, quam allicit, abigit, aut <lb></lb>quo modo cúmque mouet, tenuiſſima organula, qui<lb></lb>bus illam excitet, & ad motum compellat. </s> <s id="id.000466">Id ſolùm <lb></lb>notandum, non excitari, aut moueri rem ab hiſce <lb></lb>organulis, niſi eæ particulæ, quibus illa excipit, ana<lb></lb>logiam quandam, ſeu proportionem cùm ipſis ha<lb></lb>beant; hoc eſt, vt ſi illa ſint v.c. vncinuli, res anſulas <lb></lb>habeat ipſis reſpondenteis; ſi aculei, res habeat <lb></lb>particulas, quæ ab ipſis premi, configique poſſint: <lb></lb>ſi figuram certam habentia, res ſpatiola habeat vel <lb></lb>pari modo configurata, vnde accommodatio, ac <lb></lb>lenitas; vel diſpari, vnde laceratio, ac aſperitas, & <lb></lb>ita de aliis. </s> <s id="id.000468">Atque ex hac quidem cauſa eſſe po<lb></lb>teſt, cur præ cæteris ipſa magnetis organula reperire <lb></lb>particulas analogicas debeant, vt vim in illas expri<lb></lb>mant ſuam. </s> <s id="id.000469">Nimirùm paleam, papyrum, lignum, <lb></lb>lapidem, quidvis aliud illibatum prætereunt, ſolum<lb></lb>modóque ſiue ferrum, ſiue magnetem alium affice<lb></lb>re deprehenduntur. </s> <s id="id.000470">Hac certè ratione vapor odora<lb></lb>tus præterit, quod dicebam mox, manum, oculum, <lb></lb>cæteras parteis corporis; afficitque ſolùm intra na<lb></lb>ries ipſum olfactus organum, quòd in eo ſolo re<lb></lb>ceptacula analogica inueniat. </s> <s id="id.000471">Sed difficile fortè erit <lb></lb>captu organula hæc, corpuſculave magnetica pene<lb></lb>trare non modò pannum, chartam, lignum, corpo<lb></lb>rave alia laxiora; verùm etiam marmor, quod antè <lb></lb>dicebam, aliquot craſſum digitis, vltra quod ma<lb></lb>gnes commouere ferri ramenta, & fragminula ob<lb></lb>ſeruatur Attamen reuoca in mentem, illam, cuius <lb></lb>iam memini, ſubtilitatem naturæ. </s> <s id="id.000472">Conſidera etiam <pb pagenum="54" xlink:href="027/01/061.jpg"></pb>nullum eſſe corpus adeò ſolidum, quod non ſit in<lb></lb>numeris poris, meatuliſque peruium; quanquam per <lb></lb>illos corpuſcula cuiuſcumque generis traijci non poſ<lb></lb>ſint. </s> <s id="id.000473">Scilicet corpuſcula olei corpora peruadunt, <lb></lb>quæ corpuſcula aquæ penetrare non poſſunt; &, ſi <lb></lb>accipias vas terreum optimè illitum, id quidem ne<lb></lb>que aquæ, neque olei penetrabunt corpuſcula; ſed <lb></lb>penetrabunt tamen corpuſcula ſalis, atque adeò vias <lb></lb>ſibi patulas, quæ aliis ſuerant cæcæ, imperviæque, <lb></lb>reperient. </s> <s id="id.000474">Sic corpuſcula iſta non tranſeunt per vi<lb></lb>trum, per quod tranſeunt tamen corpuſcula lucis, <lb></lb>& aliunde tamen corpuſcula lucis ea non pertran<lb></lb>ſeunt, quæ corpuſcula aquæ, olei, ſalis. </s> <s id="id.000475">Quippe <lb></lb>niſi proportio ſit magnitudinis, & figuræ inter mea<lb></lb>tulos, & corpuſcula, quæ non poſſunt non eſſe in<lb></lb>ter ſe & inæqualis craſſitudinis, & diuerſimodè figu<lb></lb>rata, fieri pertranſitio non poteſt. </s> <s id="id.000476">Itaque mirum non <lb></lb>eſt, ſi magnetis corpuſcula meatulos ſubeant, per<lb></lb>uadantque, per quos alia non traijciuntur, cùm ea <lb></lb>præſertim ſubtilitate eſſe valeant, vt in paucos, aut <lb></lb>etiam nullos non ſatis patulos incurrant. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000477">XIV. </s> <s id="id.000478">Verùm vbi conceſſum fuerit corpuſcula <lb></lb>quædam ex magnete procedere, quæ ferrum ad ip<lb></lb>ſum pelliciant; intelligi-ne tamen poteſt, aut qua <lb></lb>formâ ſint, vt attractionis organa fiant; aut quomo<lb></lb>do, quave ratione attractio per illa poſſit peragi? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000479">Heic ſanè pręſertìm conjectandum eſt, cùm non mo<lb></lb>do difficile, ſed impoſſibile etiam ſit agnoſcere ger<lb></lb>manum modum, quo intima rerum natura admira<lb></lb>bileis illas ſuas operationes exſequitur. </s> <s id="id.000480">An-non <pb pagenum="55" xlink:href="027/01/062.jpg"></pb>proinde eſt, quòd condones, ſi vt obſcurè ſolùm <lb></lb>conijcio, ita confuſè ſolùm balbutiam? </s> <s id="id.000481">ſi nihil tan<lb></lb>quam ratum, exploratúmque, & de quo dubitare <lb></lb>non liceat, diuendam, neque velim vnquam pręju<lb></lb>dicium factum perſcrutantibus, excogitantibuſque <lb></lb>meliora? </s> <s id="id.000482">Nullum non verſo lapidem, vt experiar, ſi <lb></lb>fortè quidpiam occurrat veriſimile; & cum ingenuè <lb></lb>profitear eſſe vbique anguſtias, videor mihi eſſe ex<lb></lb>cuſatione non indignus, dum recantare ſemper pa<lb></lb>ratus, illud interim profero, quod videatur præ <lb></lb>cæteris ſimilitudinem habere cum vero. </s> <s id="id.000483">In hoc <lb></lb>negotio, cum videatur eſſe ſatis perſpicuum, non <lb></lb>poſſe vnum corpus attrahere aliud, niſi tranſmittat <lb></lb>aliquid, quo illud ad ſe pertrahat; ecquis eſt tamen <lb></lb>adeo ſolers, qui conijciat, aut explicet, cuiuſmodi <lb></lb>id ſit, quod magnes, quaſi organum, vt ferrum ad ſe <lb></lb>accerſat, tranſmittit? </s> <s id="id.000484">Aſſerere fortè poſſemus, id <lb></lb>eſſe quaſi ſpeciem ſenſibilis rei, qua animal pellicitur; <lb></lb>at durum fortè nimis eſſet animam quandam cum <lb></lb>Thalete, ſiue in magnete ſiue in ferro ponere Cùm <lb></lb>verò poni ſaltem id debeat vt continuatum aliquid ex <lb></lb>magnete in ferrum vſque; quònam modo habere <lb></lb>poteſt harpagonis vim, ſi ex corpuſculis diſſociatis <lb></lb>conſtat? </s> <s id="id.000485">ſi, cum emittitur, non vno extremo tene<lb></lb>tur, ſed dimittitur? </s> <s id="id.000486">ſi facta extremi alterius in anſu<lb></lb>las ferri injectione, non ſubinde reducitur, ſed con<lb></lb>tinenter impellitur & complura ſimilia non exiguæ <lb></lb>difficultatis? </s> <s id="id.000487">Et admitte concurſus, complexuſque <lb></lb>corpuſculorum, cum Empedocle; adhibe vacui inter<lb></lb>ceptionem cum Democrito, fugam cum Platone, <pb pagenum="56" xlink:href="027/01/063.jpg"></pb>& quidvis aliud cum cæteris; pares difficultates <lb></lb>erunt. </s> <s id="id.000488">An ergo præter cæterorum conjecturas, di<lb></lb>cere liceat concipi poſſe magneticos radios, ob con<lb></lb>tinentem emiſſionem, eam rigiditatem tueri, vt fiant <lb></lb>quaſi virgulæ, aut ſaltem quaſi chordulæ tenſæ? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000489">Nempe tametſi ex contiguis duntaxat particulis con<lb></lb>ſtent; poteſt nihilominùs continua ſuccedentium ſuf<lb></lb>fectio, indeſinenſque inſtantia, ac vehemens propul<lb></lb>ſio rigiditatem illam creare; vt in aquæ exſilitione <lb></lb>per anguſtos tubulos manifeſtum eſt fieri. </s> <s id="id.000490">Certè & <lb></lb>ipſos lucis radios non videmur poſſe alia ratione <lb></lb>concipere, ſiue vibratos, ſiue repulſos? </s> <s id="id.000491">An proinde vt <lb></lb>lucis radij ex vno quodam puncto prodeuntes, vbi <lb></lb>impinguntur in aquæ planitiem, quacúmque occur<lb></lb>runt poruli, meatulique, pertranſeunt (quippe ana<lb></lb>logici ſunt) ſed vnus directè, perpendiculariterve, <lb></lb>cæteri refractè, ſeu cum deflexione ad illum; ita <lb></lb>radij magnetici, quos in orbem effundi conſtat (tan<lb></lb>quam ex vno centro prodeuntes) vbi impingun<lb></lb>tur in ferrum, quacúmque ipſis poruli, meatulique <lb></lb>occurrerint, penetrant (ſcilicet analogici) ſed vnus <lb></lb>directe (is nempe, qui per mediam molem, ac velu<lb></lb>ti axem grauitatis traijcitur) cæteri refractè, defle<lb></lb>xéque ad ipſum? </s> <s id="id.000492">Quæcúmque certe eſt in aqua ſo<lb></lb>lidiuſcularum particularum diſpoſitio, quæ radio<lb></lb>rum lucis refractionem faciat; eadem radiorum ma<lb></lb>gneticorum, proportione adhibita, facere refractio<lb></lb>nem poteſt. </s> <s id="id.000493">An cùm vtrique radij ſolidas particu<lb></lb>las vrgeant, illas nempe, quæ verſus medium, per<lb></lb>pendicularemve ſunt radium, vt pote in quas defle-<pb pagenum="57" xlink:href="027/01/064.jpg"></pb>ctantur, & in quas niſum faciant, magnetici tamen <lb></lb>robuſtiores ſunt, & parteis magnetis vehementiùs <lb></lb>premunt? </s> <s id="id.000494">Cum radij certè ita refracti, ſint quaſi chor<lb></lb>dulæ deflexæ, &, vt mox dicebamus, tenſæ, non <lb></lb>poſſunt non premere, & vrgere parteis, quæ intra <lb></lb>ipſum angulum deflexionis comprehenduntur. </s> <s id="id.000495">An <lb></lb>ex hac preſſione intelligi poteſt adigi ferrum verſus <lb></lb>magnetem, vt pote omnibus chordulis factis quaſi <lb></lb>bracchiis, quorum quaſi cubiti, & articuli ſint in <lb></lb>ipſis deflexionibus; quæque conſpirent omnia in <lb></lb>adigendo ad ipſum ferro? </s> <s id="id.000496">Parem profectò adactio<lb></lb>nem experiri licet, ſi firmati ſimùl ad parietem ali<lb></lb>quot funiculi traijciantur per foraminula in globo, <lb></lb>aut craſſiuſculo aſſere ita comparata, vt medium <lb></lb>ſit directo ductu, cæteri à parte citeriore in vlte<lb></lb>riorem non nihil deflexum verſus medium habeant. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000497">Nempe ſi funiculo medio intenſo manente, ductum<lb></lb>que ſolùm dirigente, cæteri ponè conducantur, ſi<lb></lb>mùlque tendantur, globum, aſſeremve ſic prement, <lb></lb>vt ipſum compellant in locum parietis, vnde ortum <lb></lb>habent. </s> <s id="id.000498">An hac ratione intelligi licet, non allici <lb></lb>ferrum, niſi ex certa diſtantia, quod ex radiis in or<lb></lb>bem fuſis, ac magis, magiſque continuò rareſcen<lb></lb>tibus, aut nulli, aut nimis pauci, quibus ſuperetur <lb></lb>ponderis reſiſtentia, ad ferrum pertingant? </s> <s id="id.000499">attrahi <lb></lb>ferrum tantò potentiùs, quantò propinquius fuerit; <lb></lb>quòd crebriores ſint radij, atque adeò chordulæ plu<lb></lb>res, ſeu plura quaſi bracchiola, quibus corripiatur, <lb></lb>atque pertrahatur? </s> <s id="id.000500">teneri ferrum ipſi magneti ar<lb></lb>ctiſſimè junctum, quod ſingulæ chordulæ, & quaſi <pb pagenum="58" xlink:href="027/01/065.jpg"></pb>bracchiola ſtringant, reuinctumque contineant ac <lb></lb>eiuſmodi cætera? </s> <s id="id.000501">An licet quoque intelligi ſucci<lb></lb>num, ceram obſignatoriam, electricaque cætera ideò <lb></lb>attrahere feſtucas, filamenta, papyracea fragminula, <lb></lb>ſimileiſque alias leuiculas res; quòd pinguem ex ſe <lb></lb>halitum emittant, conſtantem ex radiolis, quiretum <lb></lb>porulos ſubeuntes, pari ratione deflectantur, & quaſi <lb></lb>decuſſentur, reſque ipſas verſus id, vnde proflu<lb></lb>xerunt, diuergere faciant, premant, compellant, <lb></lb>perducant; deſumpto indicio vel ex eo, quòd ele<lb></lb>ctrica iſta corpora non trahant, niſi priùs affricta ve<lb></lb>ſti, tapeti, alij verei; vt eo ſcilicet affrictu excitetur, <lb></lb>exſiliatque pinguis halitus, ſuam quaſi prædam re<lb></lb>portaturus? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000502">XV. </s> <s id="id.000503">Quorſùm verò iſta tam multa? </s> <s id="id.000504">Nimirùm <lb></lb>vt intelligamus, quomodo eſſe in Terra poſſit ma<lb></lb>gnetica vis, qua corpora omnia, quæ dicuntur gra<lb></lb>uia, trahantur deorſùm, perpendiculariterve in ip<lb></lb>ſam. </s> <s id="id.000505">Ac eſſe quidem in ipſa Terra aliquam eiuſmo<lb></lb>di vim, confirmari aliunde melius, quàm ex effectu <lb></lb>ipſo non poteſt; quare, vt quæ eſt in magnete, non <lb></lb>aliunde, quam ex ipſa ferri attractione conuincitur; <lb></lb>ita, quæ eſſe in Terra ſupponitur, non aliunde, quàm <lb></lb>ex attractione lapidum, cæterorumque poteſt con<lb></lb>uinci. </s> <s id="id.000506">Quod ad modum verò attractionis ſpectat, <lb></lb>idem plane dicendum eſt, proportione tamen ſer<lb></lb>uata, quod de magnete iam diximus. </s> <s id="id.000507">Subijcio pro<lb></lb>inde veriſimile eſſe, quemadmodum virtus magne<lb></lb>tis ita in orbem diffunditur, vt corpuſcula radioſè <lb></lb>exſilientia tantò rariora fiant, quantò procedunt <pb pagenum="59" xlink:href="027/01/066.jpg"></pb>longiùs, ſicque minùs conferta minùs polleant, & <lb></lb>ſuperatâ quadam diſtantiâ, attractioni imparia, ac <lb></lb>tandem nulla ſint; eodem modo Telluris globum <lb></lb>ita illam ſuam attractricem vim in orbem diffundere, <lb></lb>vt corpuſculorum emiſſorum radij ſummoperè tan<lb></lb>dem rareſcant, neque ex quacúmque diſtantia (vt, ſi <lb></lb>velis, ſupra-lunari, aut extra-mundana) attrahere la<lb></lb>pidem poſſint. </s> <s id="id.000508">Concipe certè lapidem in ſpatiis illis <lb></lb>imaginaris, quæ ſunt protenſa vltra hunc mundum, <lb></lb>& in quibus poſſet Deus alios mundos condere; an <lb></lb>cenſeas ipſum illicô vbi conſtitutus illeic fuerit, ver<lb></lb>ſus hanc Terram conuolaturum, & non potiùs vbi <lb></lb>fuerit ſemel poſitus, immotum manſurum, vt putà <lb></lb>quaſi non habentem neque ſurſùm, neque deorſùm, <lb></lb>quò tendere, aut vnde recedere valeat? </s> <s id="id.000509">Si cenſeas <lb></lb>fore, vt hûc feratur; imaginare non modò Terram, <lb></lb>verùm etiam totum mundum eſſe in nihilum reda<lb></lb>ctum, ſpatiáque hæc eſſe perinde inania, ac ante<lb></lb>quàm Deus mundum conderet; tunc ſaltem, quia <lb></lb>centrum non erit, ſpatiáque omnia erunt ſimilia; <lb></lb>cenſebis lapidem non hûc acceſſurum, ſed in loco <lb></lb>illo fixum permanſurum. </s> <s id="id.000510">Reſtituatur mundus, & <lb></lb>in ipſo Terra, an lapis ſtatim hûc contendet? </s> <s id="id.000511">Si fieri <lb></lb>dicas, oportet ſanè ſentiri Terram à lapide, deberé<lb></lb>que proinde Terram tranſmittere in ipſum vim <lb></lb>quandam, atque adeò corpuſcula, quibus ſui ſenſum <lb></lb>illi imprimat, ſeſeque reſtitutam, ac in eodem loco <lb></lb>denuò exſiſtentem veluti renunciet. </s> <s id="id.000512">Secùs enim <lb></lb>quomodo capis poſſe lapidem allici ad Terram? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000513">ld verò ſi ita futurum ſit, quid-nam aliud arguitur <pb pagenum="60" xlink:href="027/01/067.jpg"></pb>quàm & lapidem, & alia corpora terrena Terram pe<lb></lb>tere, quòd corpuſculis ab illa tranſmiſſis ad eam alli<lb></lb>ciantur. </s> <s id="id.000514">Et fac iam certum aliquod aëris nos am<lb></lb>bientis ſpatium fieri à Deo prorſùs inane, adeò vt ne<lb></lb>que ex Terra, neque aliunde aliquid in ipſum perue<lb></lb>niat: an conſtitutus in eo lapis feretur in Terram, <lb></lb>centrumve ipſius? </s> <s id="id.000515">Certè non magis, quàm conſtitu<lb></lb>tus in ſpatiis illis vltra-mundanis; quia ipſi nihil ne<lb></lb>que cùm Terra, neque cum alia re quacumque mun<lb></lb>di ipſius communicanti, perinde erit, ac ſi Mundus, <lb></lb>Terraque, aut centrum non eſſet, nihilque retum <lb></lb>exſiſteret. </s> <s id="id.000516">An-non igitur, ſi in Terram iam fertur, <lb></lb>ideò ferri putandum eſt, quòd aliquid ipſum circum<lb></lb>ſtet, quicum communicationem habeat, & maximè <lb></lb>ex parte Terræ, à quo pertrahatur; ſi id quidem non <lb></lb>ſufficit, quod ſupernè eſt, vt ab eo pellatur? </s> <s id="id.000517">Nec te <lb></lb>moretur, quòd tanta moles, quanta ingentis Saxi eſt, <lb></lb>non videatur compelli poſſe tenuïbus adeò chordu<lb></lb>lis; nam conſidera etiam quam tenüibus magna ferri <lb></lb>moles ad magneticum lapillum trahatur. </s> <s id="id.000518">Addo ſa<lb></lb>xa, & cætera corpora, quæ dicuntur grauia, non <lb></lb>eam habere ad motum reſiſtentiam, quam vulgò <lb></lb>concipimus. </s> <s id="id.000519">Vides quippe ſi ingens moles appen<lb></lb>datur funiculo, quàm leuicula vi ſit opus, vt è loco <lb></lb>dimoueatur, & prorſùm, retro: ſùmque eat. </s> <s id="id.000520">Cur <lb></lb>maiore ergo opus ſit, vt cieri deorſùm poſſit? </s> <s id="id.000521">Nec <lb></lb>dicas verò eſſe majorem, ob motum magis perni<lb></lb>cem; etenim cùm primum deorſùm contendit, mo<lb></lb>tus illius pernix non eſt, ſed lentiſſimus potiùs, cau<lb></lb>ſáque dicenda mox eſt, ob quam deinceps accelere-<pb pagenum="61" xlink:href="027/01/068.jpg"></pb>tur. </s> <s id="id.000522">Adnoto intereà vim illam quæ ex chordularum <lb></lb>inſenſilium ſingularibus viribus conflatur, & conſtat, <lb></lb>comptobari tantam, quantam ſuperari oportet, vt <lb></lb>manus, aut res alia grauitantem rem, velut lapidem, <lb></lb>abducat à Terra. </s> <s id="id.000523">Et vides profectò quid fieri videa<lb></lb>tur, dum lapis tibi ipſum è Terra attollere conanti <lb></lb>reſiſtit. </s> <s id="id.000524">Nempe tot illæ chordulæ ſuis deflexioni<lb></lb>bus, & quaſi decuſſationibus illum implexum de<lb></lb>tinent; & niſi vis maior interueniat, quæ eas defle<lb></lb>xiones, decuſſationeſque promoueat, ſtrictioneſque <lb></lb>fieri vlteriùs cogat, nunquam à Terra lapis tolletur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000525">Heinc fit, vt quantò vis externa, ſeu quæ a manu, <lb></lb>aliave re extrinſecùs imprimitur, pluribus gradibus <lb></lb>vim illam chordularum ſuperauerit, tantò lapis ef<lb></lb>feratur ſublimiùs; quantò paucioribus, tantò humi<lb></lb>liùs. </s> <s id="id.000526">Fit etiam, vt impreſſa vis initio pollens vehe<lb></lb>menter pellat, quia nondum refracta eſt; deinceps <lb></lb>verò ſegniùs, ſegniuſque, quoniam ipſi ſemper aliqui <lb></lb>gradus adimuntur: donec ille ſolus ſuperſit, quo <lb></lb>exæquetur vi chordularum. </s> <s id="id.000527">Idque ad eum penè mo<lb></lb>dum, quo, ſi aduerſus torrentem nitaris, poteris <lb></lb>quidem aliquo vſque, vigente conatu, occurrenteis <lb></lb>vndas proſcindere; ſed quòd interim tamen vnda <lb></lb>impellente vndam conatus ſenſim refingatur (quia <lb></lb>quod ab vna ſupereſt, à ſuccedente detrahitur) co<lb></lb>gêis tandem deſiſtere, abripieriſque ſecundum tor<lb></lb>rentem. </s> <s id="id.000528">Fit denique, vt ſi duo lapides, duove <lb></lb>globi ex eadem materia veluti ex plumbo, vnus pu<lb></lb>ſillus alius ingens, ſimùl dimittantur ex eadem altitu<lb></lb>dine, codem momento ad Terram perueniant, ac <pb pagenum="62" xlink:href="027/01/069.jpg"></pb>puſillus, tametſi vnâ vnciâ ponderoſior non ſit, non <lb></lb>minore velocitate, quàm ingens, tametſi ſit cen<lb></lb>tum, & plurium librarum. </s> <s id="id.000529">Videlicet pluribus qui<lb></lb>dem chordulis attrahitur ingens, ſed plureis etiam par<lb></lb>ticulas attrahendas habet; adeò vt fiat commenſura<lb></lb>tio inter vim, ac molem, & ex vtraque vtrobique <lb></lb>tantum ſit, quantum ad motum ſufficit eodem tem<lb></lb>pore peragendum. </s> <s id="id.000530">Id permirum; ſi globi fuerint ex <lb></lb>diuerſa materia, vt alter plumbeus, alter ligneus, <lb></lb>vix quicquam tardiùs attingi Terram ab vno, quàm <lb></lb>ab alio, hoc eſt à ligneo, quàm à plumbeo; quo<lb></lb>niam pari modo fit commenſuratio, dum totidem <lb></lb>particulis totidem chordulæ deſtinantur. </s> <s id="id.000531">Et eſt nihil<lb></lb>ominùs tantillum, tametſi prope modùm inſenſibile <lb></lb>diſcrimen; quòd ob raritatem materiæ majorem, <lb></lb>aër ſe non-nihil magis intermiſceat, non nihilque <lb></lb>magis ad motum deorsùm reſiſtat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000532">XVI. </s> <s id="id.000533">Quæres obiter, quid-nam eueniret illi lapi<lb></lb>di, quem aſſumpſi concipi poſſe in ſpatiis illis inani<lb></lb>bus, ſi à quiete exturbatus aliqua vi impelleretur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000534">Reſpondeo probabile eſſe, fore, vt æquabiliter, in<lb></lb>deſinenter que moueretur; & lentè quidem, celeriter<lb></lb>ve, proüt ſemel paruus, aut magnus impreſſus foret <lb></lb>impetus. </s> <s id="id.000535">Argumentum verò deſumo ex æquabilita<lb></lb>te illa motus horizontalis iam expoſita; cùm ille vi<lb></lb>deatur aliunde non deſinere, niſi ex admiſtione mo<lb></lb>tus perpendicularis; adeò vt, quia in illis ſpatiis nul<lb></lb>la eſſet perpendicularis admiſtio, in quamcúmque <lb></lb>partem foret motus inceptus, horizontalis inſtar eſ<lb></lb>ſet, & neque acceleraretur, retardareturve, neque <pb pagenum="63" xlink:href="027/01/070.jpg"></pb>proinde vnquam deſineret. </s> <s id="id.000536">Et vis aliquod (quale <lb></lb>certè haberi poteſt) experimentum? </s> <s id="id.000537">Appende ſilo <lb></lb>plumbum, lapidemve, qui in perpendiculo con<lb></lb>quieſcat, ac poſteà illum prorſùm impelle; concipies <lb></lb>hunc motum, ex ſe, æquabilem, perpetuumque eſſe. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000538">Cùm tantulam enim impreſſeris vim, vnde ſit, vt <lb></lb>lapis toties excurrat, recurratque, ac excurrendo, <lb></lb>recurrendóque tantum inſumat temporis? </s> <s id="id.000539">Non exi<lb></lb>ſtimaſſes profectò motum tanti corporis ex tantula <lb></lb>vi tandiù duraturum. </s> <s id="id.000540">Sed nempe lapidis attractio, <lb></lb>quæ à Terra fit, à fi o cohibetur, ſicque lapis inter <lb></lb>duas oppoſitas vireis veluti indifferens manet; vnde <lb></lb>ſi illum tranſuerſùm pellas, motum imprimas, ad <lb></lb>quem non habeat reſiſtentiam; ſicque, niſi aliud in<lb></lb>terueniat, tueri illum conſtanter poſſit. </s> <s id="id.000541">Neque ob<lb></lb>ſtat, quòd motus omninô tranſuerſus, ſiue ſecun<lb></lb>dum horizontem non ſit, ſed fiat obliquè, ac ſur<lb></lb>ſum; nam quia licet filum retineat, tum tamen etiam <lb></lb>Terra retrahit; vt & quando Terra deorſùm redu<lb></lb>cit, tunc quoque filum retinet; heinc eſt, cur facta <lb></lb>iſtarum vnium oppoſitarum compenſatione, non ex <lb></lb>hoc capite tollatur impreſſi motus conſtantia. </s> <s id="id.000542">Et <lb></lb>quamuis tolli videatur æqu bilitas, quatenùs lapis in <lb></lb>tranſcurſu per infimum punctum, ſiue perpendicu<lb></lb>lum, celerrimè mouetur, tardiſſimè verò in aſcen<lb></lb>ſus fine, & exſcenſus initio; ac proportione in cæteris <lb></lb>locis; nihilominùs eaſemper æquabilitas perſeuerat, <lb></lb>vt omnium excurſuum, recurſuumque durationes <lb></lb>æquales ſint; hoc eſt, ſub initium ſint quidem ma<lb></lb>jores, ſub finem minores: ſed non proptereà vn-<pb pagenum="64" xlink:href="027/01/071.jpg"></pb>quam magis, vel minùs diuturnæ; ob perſeueran<lb></lb>tem ſemper attractionem, retractionemque æqua<lb></lb>lem; & quòd aliunde continenter fiat compenſatio <lb></lb>inter vim mouentem reſiduam, & percurrendum re<lb></lb>ſiduum ſpatium. </s> <s id="id.000543">Quî fit ergo vt vis continuò mi<lb></lb>nüatur, decurtenturque continuò ſpatia, ac motus <lb></lb>ille denique ceſſet? </s> <s id="id.000544">Cauſam duplicem Galileus aſſi<lb></lb>gnat. </s> <s id="id.000545">Altera eſt aër, qui in omni vibratione lapidi <lb></lb>nonnihil reſiſtat, atque idcircô impreſſam vim, ſiue <lb></lb>impetum nonnihil continuò refringat. </s> <s id="id.000546">Altera pon<lb></lb>dus ipſius fili, omniumve eius particularum. </s> <s id="id.000547">Nam <lb></lb>quia quò filum eſt breuius, eò vibrationes, ſiue ex<lb></lb>curſus, recurſuſque frequentiores ſunt; fac in longio<lb></lb>re illo filo, quo appendiſti lapidem, appenſos eſſe ſin<lb></lb>gulos lapillos ad ſingulos digitos; agnoſces illum, qui <lb></lb>erit appenſus ad primum digitum: niti vt recurrat, dum <lb></lb>qui erit appenſus ad ſecundum adhûc excurret; quare <lb></lb>& huius excurſum non-nihil decurtatum iri, propter <lb></lb>renitentiam, quæ ab illo fit; ac pari ratione decur<lb></lb>tatum iri excurſum tertij, & conſequenter excurſum <lb></lb>quarti, ac cæterorum; adeò vt denique lapis infi<lb></lb>mus exſiſtens, cogatur etiam nonnihil excurſum ſuum <lb></lb>decurtare, ob factam reſiſtentiam à lapillis ſingulis, <lb></lb>qui etiam tantò frequentiùs renitentur, quantò al<lb></lb>tiores fuerint; videbiſque lapidem quaſi laborare, vt <lb></lb>ſeriem huiuſcemodi quaſi ſarcinularum non ſponte <lb></lb>abductarum, trahat. </s> <s id="id.000548">Non ſunto deinde lapilli, ſed <lb></lb>illorum loco habe totidem fili particulas: profectò <lb></lb>& illæ, cùm non-nihil pendant, lapillorum inſtar <lb></lb>ſunt, & pro ſarcinulis habentur; quæ impetum la-<pb pagenum="65" xlink:href="027/01/072.jpg"></pb>pidis perparùm quidem, ſed non-nihil tamen con<lb></lb>tinuò refringant. </s> <s id="id.000549">Quod perſpicuè magis vt nôris, <lb></lb>appende eundem lapidem ad eiuſdem quidem lon<lb></lb>gitudinis, ſed in æqualis tamen craſſitudinis, ac pro<lb></lb>inde ponderis filum; & deprehendes, quò id craſ<lb></lb>ſius erit, eo citiùs motum deſiturum, tanquam vi<lb></lb>brationibus ſingulis ſenſibiliùs decurtatis; ita vt <lb></lb>vſurpata craſſiore chorda, aut etiam virga, catenáve <lb></lb>ferrea, per paucas omninò vibrationes habiturus ſis, <lb></lb>ac motum parùm duraturum. </s> <s id="id.000550">Heinc, quia quò erit <lb></lb>aër purior, & filum tenuïus, eò vibrationes plures <lb></lb>erunt, & motus prolixior, finge aërem ad vſque ina<lb></lb>nis tenuïtatem eſſe redactum, atque idcircô nihil re<lb></lb>ſiſtentem; finge & non filum, ſed radium incorpo<lb></lb>reum, qui nullius ſit ponderis, neque partibus ſuis <lb></lb>renitatur; an-non capis fore vt lapis appenſus im<lb></lb>preſſum ſemel motum conſtantiſſimè tueatur; ſcili<lb></lb>cet omneis vibrationes non æqualibus modò tem<lb></lb>poribus peragens, ſed æqualibus etiam arcubus con<lb></lb>tinuò perficiens? </s> <s id="id.000551">Hæc porrô omnia aliò non tendunt, <lb></lb>quàm vt intelligamus motum per ſpatium inane im<lb></lb>preſſum, vbi nihil neque attrahit, neque retinet, ne<lb></lb>que omninô renititur, æquabilem fore, ac perpe<lb></lb>tuum; atque exinde colligamus, omnem prorſùs mo<lb></lb>tum, qui lapidi imprimitur, eſſe ex ſe huiuſmodi; adeò <lb></lb>vt in quamcúmque partem lapidem conjeceris, ſi <lb></lb>quo momento à manu emittitur, ſupponas omnia <lb></lb>vi diuina, lapide excepto, in nihilum redigi; euen<lb></lb>turum ſit, vt lapis motum ſuum perpetuò, ac in <lb></lb>eandem partem, in quam manus ipſum direxerit, <pb pagenum="66" xlink:href="027/01/073.jpg"></pb>moueatur. </s> <s id="id.000552">Niſi iam faciat, cauſam videri admi<lb></lb>ſtionem motus perpendicularis, ob attractionem à <lb></lb>Terra factam interuenientis, quæ diuergere illum à <lb></lb>tramite faciat (neque ceſſet, quovſque ipſum ad <lb></lb>Terram vſque perduxerit) vt dum ramenta ferri <lb></lb>prope magnetem tranſiecta non rectà pergunt, ſed <lb></lb>verſus magnetem diuertuntur; aut dum vniuerſe rei, <lb></lb>quæ mouetur, oblique occurrimus, ipſamque in obli<lb></lb>quam deflectimus plagam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000553">XVII. Nunc, tandem, cùm præter cauſam impel<lb></lb>lentem, etiam attrahens excogitata fuerit; ea-ne po<lb></lb>tis eſt id præſtare quod priùs deſiderabatur? </s> <s id="id.000554">Vide<lb></lb>tur eſſe; neque id modò, ſed & videtur attrahens <lb></lb>vnà cum impellente euadere integra cauſa eius pro<lb></lb>portionis, qua velocitas continuò increſcit. </s> <s id="id.000555">Nam <lb></lb>primùm ſi id repetas, quod paulò ante dicebamus <lb></lb>de inani facto, quod ſupra Terram eſt, ſpatio in <lb></lb>quo poſitus ſemel lapis conſiſteret; concipe corpus <lb></lb>aëris ita à Deo reſtitui, lapidemque circumam<lb></lb>bire, vt nulla tamen vis attractrix ex Terra ad eum <lb></lb>perueniat; & peruidebis non fore cur lapis ab im<lb></lb>motò aëre in vnam partem potius moueatur, quàm <lb></lb>in aliam. </s> <s id="id.000556">Finge quippe cætera deſtrui, & nihil ſuper<lb></lb>eſſe præter lapidem, cum circumſtante aëre; agnoſ<lb></lb>ces profectò aërem ex ſe non eſſe lapidem in vnam, <lb></lb>potiùſquàm in aliam partem impulſurum. </s> <s id="id.000557">Concipe <lb></lb>deinde reſtitui non aerem, ſed ſolum effluuium ma<lb></lb>gneticorum radiorum ex Terra; & peruidebis eſſe <lb></lb>cur lapis poſſit à quiete exturbari, & verſus Terram <lb></lb>attrahi. </s> <s id="id.000558">Itaque vis Terræ attractrix eſſe ea cauſa po-<pb pagenum="67" xlink:href="027/01/074.jpg"></pb>terit, quæ motus initium in lapide faciat. </s> <s id="id.000559">Concipe <lb></lb>denique reſtitui aërem ſimùl cum effluuio; & per<lb></lb>uidebis lapidem poſſe adhûc à quieſcendo deſiſte<lb></lb>re, ac verſus Terram allici, quòd tametſi aër inferior <lb></lb>(ſeu qui ſub ipſo) nonnihil reſiſtat, propter qualem<lb></lb>cúmque corpulentiam; nihilo minùs vis attractrix tan<lb></lb>ta eſſe valeat, quæ & ciendo lapidi, & ſuperandæ <lb></lb>aëris reſiſtentiæ ſufficiat. </s> <s id="id.000560">Igitur cauſa hæc attrahens <lb></lb>habere poteſt vnde id ſuppleat, quod viſum eſt im<lb></lb>pellenti deeſſe. </s> <s id="id.000561">Secundò, ſi id repetas, quod di<lb></lb>ctum eſt de lapide in ſpatiis illis imaginariis, ſeu in <lb></lb>inani conſtituto; concipis iam, ſi cauſa quæpiam le<lb></lb>uiculo ictu eum pellat, fore vt moueatur æquabili <lb></lb>planè, ac perpetuo motu, niſi obex occurrerit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000562">Concipe deinde, cùm ita mouetur, pelli ictu con<lb></lb>ſimili; tunc quia motus præcedens non deſtruetur, <lb></lb>coïbunt duo motus in vnum, qui ſit priore velocior <lb></lb>duplò, quique pari modo ſit futurus ex ſe æquabi<lb></lb>lis, atque perpetuus. </s> <s id="id.000563">Concipe rurſùs pelli tertio, & <lb></lb>conſimili ictu; tunc quia prior motus ex duobus <lb></lb>quaſi gradibus compoſitus perſeuerabit, fiet coa<lb></lb>litio noui motus ſeu gradus; ſiue erit deinceps mo<lb></lb>tus, qui ſit triplò velocior primo. </s> <s id="id.000564">Concipe poſteà <lb></lb>pelli quarto, pelli quinto, & aliis; agnoſceſque fore, <lb></lb>vt velocitas tantùm, ac tandiu incrementum accipiat, <lb></lb>quantùm, & quandiù ictus repetentur. </s> <s id="id.000565">Niſi facilè d <lb></lb>concipias, conſtitue exquiſitum globum ſupra ex<lb></lb>quiſitam, libellatámque planitiem, & leui primum <lb></lb>ictu eum impelle; deprehendes moueri ipſum peni<lb></lb>tùs æquabiliter. </s> <s id="id.000566">Impelle alio pari ictu; deprehendes <pb pagenum="68" xlink:href="027/01/075.jpg"></pb>motum fieri velociorem; impelle tertio, adhûc ve<lb></lb>lociorem; impelle quarto, adhûc magis; atque ita <lb></lb>porrô; adeò vt clarum eſſe videatur, velocitatem <lb></lb>motus non aliunde increſcere, quàm ex eo, quòd mo<lb></lb>bile dum in motu eſt, de nouo mouetur, ſeu nouum <lb></lb>impulſum accipit à cauſa externa. </s> <s id="id.000567">Neque verò, cùm <lb></lb>impulſum dico, attractum non intelligo: quippe <lb></lb>cùm attrahere nihil aliud ſit, quàm recuruato inſtru<lb></lb>mento verſum ſe impellere; & perſpicuum ſit lapi<lb></lb>dem, globumve memoratum tam impelli vno, plu<lb></lb>ribuſve ictibus poſſe, ſi quis ipſum antecedendo cur<lb></lb>uis digitis adigat, quàm ſi ſubſequendo deuexis <lb></lb>propellat. </s> <s id="id.000568">Tertiò, cùm de motus deorſùm accele<lb></lb>ratione agatur, conſtat iam, ſiue aër ſolus ſupernè <lb></lb>impellat, ſiue Terra ſola infernè accerſat, ſiue aër, <lb></lb>& Terra ſimùl vireis conferant, non eſſe ſatis, vt la<lb></lb>pidi vnicus initio ictus imprimatur; ſed eſſe neceſſa<lb></lb>rium, vt noui, nouique imprimantur continuò; alio<lb></lb>quin enim lapis non acceleraret gradum, ſed ferre<lb></lb>tur motu vt æquabili, ita imperceptibili; ſegniſſimo <lb></lb>videlicet, propter tenuïtatem ſimplicis conatus, <lb></lb>ſeu vnici ictus penè nullam vim. </s> <s id="id.000569">Cùm verò ſeu ſola <lb></lb>impulſio, ſeu ſola attractio ad accelerationem ſuffi<lb></lb>ciat; quid-nam cauſæ eſſe putabis, cur cenſeam <lb></lb>vtramque eſſe coniungendam? </s> <s id="id.000570">Nempe in cauſa pro<lb></lb>portio eſt, qua dictum eſt antè accelerationem fieri, <lb></lb>Nam fac vnicam eſſe cauſam, exempli gratiâ attra<lb></lb>ctionem; concipies quidem ex dictis ſequi, vt quia <lb></lb>radij magnetici, quaſi ſtringentes chordulæ, con<lb></lb>tinentem motum, ſiue impetum lapidi imprimunt, <pb pagenum="69" xlink:href="027/01/076.jpg"></pb>talem imprimant in primo momento, qui non delea<lb></lb>tur, ſed perſeueret in ſecundo, in quo alius ſimilis <lb></lb>imprimitur, qui priori junctus perſeueret vnà cum <lb></lb>illo in tertio; in quo alius ſimilis adjungitur, atque <lb></lb>ita conſequenter; adeò vt impetus ex continua illa <lb></lb>adjectione continuò increſcat, motuſque ſemper ve<lb></lb>locior fiat. </s> <s id="id.000571">Verùm facile erit peruidere <expan abbr="cõſequi">conſequi</expan> ex hac <lb></lb>adjectione incrementum celeritatis ſecundum vni<lb></lb>tatum ſeriem; nempe ita vt in primo momento ſit vnus <lb></lb>velocitatis gradus, in ſecundo ſint duo, in tertio tres, <lb></lb>in quarto quatuor; & in primo momento, lapis deſ<lb></lb>cendat vnum v.c. orgyiam, in ſecundo duas, in ter<lb></lb>tio treis, in quarto quatuor; vnde & aggregando <lb></lb>dici poſſit in fine primi momenti caſum eſſe factum <lb></lb>vnius orgyiæ, in fine ſecundi trium, in fine tertij <lb></lb>ſex, in fine quarti decem. </s> <s id="id.000573">Cæterùm conſtat ex ſu<lb></lb>pra dictis, talem ſeriem non obſeruari; ſed obſerua<lb></lb>ri potiùs ſeriem numerorum imparium ab vnitate <lb></lb>incipientium; & aggregando numerum orgyiarum <lb></lb>in fine cuiuſque momenti deprehendi quadratum; <lb></lb>nempe non vnum, tria, ſex, decem; ſed vnum, qua<lb></lb>tuor, nouem ſexdecim, &c. </s> <s id="id.000574">Et loco attractionis <lb></lb>vſurpa impulſionem: vſurpa grauitatem, vt vulgò <lb></lb>accipitur; vſurpa quamcúm que cauſam ſimplicem; <lb></lb>idem penitùs conſequetur. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000575">XVIII. </s> <s id="id.000576">Itaque experiundum reſtat, an conjungendo <lb></lb>vtramque cauſam, quæ eſt obſeruata ſequatur pro<lb></lb>portio. </s> <s id="id.000577">Dictum eſt iam initium motus eſſe non poſſe <lb></lb>ab aëre; itaque neceſſarium eſt in primo momento <lb></lb>ſola Terra agat, vnicuſque, & ſimplex ictus impri-<pb pagenum="70" xlink:href="027/01/077.jpg"></pb>matur lapidi, quo & motus incipiat, & reſiſientiæ <lb></lb>aëris infernè jacentis vincatur. </s> <s id="id.000578">Subnoto autem ean<lb></lb>dem proportionem, qua percurruntur orgyiæ, & <lb></lb>percurrerentur ſtadia, ac milliaria, ſi tantùm ex alto <lb></lb>poſſet aliquid cadere, eádem percurri pedes, digitos, <lb></lb>grana, & ſpatia quælibet inſenſilia, ad ipſa vſque <lb></lb>minima: Quare poſſe quoque accipi momenta non <lb></lb>ſolùm cuiuſmodi ſunt interualla pulſationum arteriæ, <lb></lb>ſed etiam minora, minoraque, & minimis quibuſque <lb></lb>illis ſpatij partibus reſpondentia: Ac eadem ratione <lb></lb>poſſe accipi non modo majores, & compoſitos ve<lb></lb>locitatis gradus; ſed minimos etiam, atque ſimpli<lb></lb>ces, quorum nempe vnus ſufficere poſſit mobili ci<lb></lb>endo per vnum ex illis ſpatiis minimis, & in mini<lb></lb>mo vno momentorum. </s> <s id="id.000579">Igitur cùm primum mo<lb></lb>mentum accipio, minimum intelligo, in quo vnus, <lb></lb>& ſimplex ictus per attractionem imprimatur, per<lb></lb>agaturque minimum ſpatium, motu exſiſtente ſim<lb></lb>plici, & cui deinceps accedere, ex repetitis icti<lb></lb>bus, gradus celeritatis poſſint. </s> <s id="id.000580">Porrô quia aër <lb></lb>infernè preſſus circumſtantem premit, neque vſ<lb></lb>quam patet ſuccedendi libertas, niſi quà ſupernè <lb></lb>ſpatium intereà deſeritur, ideò fit, vt aër ſecun<lb></lb>dum latera reſiliens in ſuperiorem locum concurrat; <lb></lb>derelictumque locum inuadat. </s> <s id="id.000581">Et quoniam non po<lb></lb>teſt hæc inuaſio fieri, quin aer accurrens vrgeat la<lb></lb>pidem; idcircô fit, vt ſecundo momento duplex de <lb></lb>nouo imprimatur ictus, vnus à Terra, quæ pergit <lb></lb>attrahere, alius ab aere, qui incipit vrgere. </s> <s id="id.000582">Iſti <lb></lb>autem ſunt duo motus, ſiue celeritatis gradus, qui <pb pagenum="71" xlink:href="027/01/078.jpg"></pb>cum primo non deſtructo, ſed perſeuerante iuncti, <lb></lb>ſint tres. </s> <s id="id.000583">In tertio autem momento pergente Terra <lb></lb>attrahere, & aere impellere, imprimuntur rurſus <lb></lb>duo ictus noui, qui cum tribus prioribus, & per<lb></lb>ſeuerantibus juncti ſint quinque. </s> <s id="id.000584">Ita in quarto mo<lb></lb>mento imprimuntur alij duo, qui cum prioribus ſint <lb></lb>ſeptem; in quinto duo qui cum prioribus ſint no<lb></lb>uem, atque ita conſequenter ſecundum ſeriem nu<lb></lb>merorum, qui ab vnitate cœperint, imparium: cùm <lb></lb>interim ſpatia acquiſita in fine cuiuſque momenti, <lb></lb>ſint ſemper inter ſe eadem proportione, qua mo<lb></lb>mentorum ipſorum quadrata, veluti iam attigimus. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000585">Hæc ergo demùm mihi videtur exiſtimari poſſe cau<lb></lb>ſa tum motus deorſùm, tum accelerationis eiuſdem, <lb></lb>tum proportionis, qua acceleratur. </s> <s id="id.000586">Vt verò ſimul <lb></lb>facilè capias quomodo vniformitas incrementi per <lb></lb>æqualia momen<lb></lb><figure id="id.027.01.078.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/078/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ta fiat, huiuſce<lb></lb>modi concipe fi<lb></lb>guram. </s> <s id="id.000587">Intelliga<lb></lb>tur in puncto A <lb></lb>fieri angulum ex <lb></lb>ductis ab eo dua<lb></lb>bus lineis AB, <lb></lb>AC; eæ comple<lb></lb>ctentur interual<lb></lb>lum continuò, <expan abbr="vni-formiterq;">vni<lb></lb>formiterque</expan> increſ<lb></lb>cens. </s> <s id="id.000588">Diuidantur ſineæ in parteis aliquot æqua<lb></lb>leis, ducanturque per puncta diuiſionum quaſi baſes <pb pagenum="72" xlink:href="027/01/079.jpg"></pb>quædam angulo oppoſitæ, DE, FG, HI, KL, & <lb></lb>plures, ſi velis; itemque diuiſa in totidem parteis <lb></lb>KL, ducantur parallelæ DM, FN, HO; & EO, <lb></lb>GN, IM: diſpeſcetur ſpatium in eos, quos vides <lb></lb>triangulos, inter ſeſe omninò pareis. </s> <s id="id.000589">Concipe iam <lb></lb>lineas ab angulo incipientes repræſentare tempus ab <lb></lb>aliquo puncto æquabiliter fluens, & parteis linearum <lb></lb>æqualeis repræſentare æqualeis parteis, ſiue mo<lb></lb>menta temporis. </s> <s id="id.000590">Concipe rurſùs interuallum vnifor<lb></lb>miter creſcens repræſentare velocitatem vniformi<lb></lb>ter increſcentem, & quos pareis triangulos vides, <lb></lb>totidem gradus velocitatis, & conſequenter parteis <lb></lb>ſpatij, quod graue decidens percurrit. </s> <s id="id.000591">Tunc agnoſ<lb></lb>ces ſanè, cùm in primo momento ſit vnus gradus <lb></lb>impetus, ſeu velocitatis, acquiri in ſecundo treis, in <lb></lb>tertio quinque, in quarto ſeptem, qui progreſſus eſt <lb></lb>numerorum ab vnitate imparium. </s> <s id="id.000592">Et aliunde, ſi du<lb></lb>cas lineam, quæ diuiſa in ſexdecim parteis referat <lb></lb>orgyiarum ſexdecim altitudinem; agnoſces cur gra<lb></lb>ue in fine primi momenti deſcenderit vnam orgyiam, <lb></lb>in fine ſecundi quatuor, in fine tertij nouem, in fine <lb></lb>quarti ſexdecim: quia nempe ita ſe habere aggre<lb></lb>gando intelliguntur memorati trianguli in fine <lb></lb>cuiuſque repræſentati momenti. </s> <s id="id.000593">Agnoſces quoque, <lb></lb>cur idem graue ſurſùm projectum ſecundum ean<lb></lb>dem lineam tanto tempore aſcendat, quanto deſ<lb></lb>cendit, & velocitas motus eius eadem ratione aſcen<lb></lb>dendo decreſcat, qua deſcendendo increſcit Quia <lb></lb>ſi ſupponas vim proiectricem indidiſſe illi ſeptem ve<lb></lb>locitatis gradus, vt ſunt ſeptem trianguli ad infi-<pb pagenum="73" xlink:href="027/01/080.jpg"></pb>mam baſim; vis oppoſita ſic retundet, vt cùm in <lb></lb>primo momento ſeptem fuerint, in ſecundo ſint tan<lb></lb>tùm quinque, in tertio tantùm tres, in primo tan<lb></lb>tùm vnus. </s> <s id="id.000594">Memorià autem tenendum eſt, loqui nos <lb></lb>ſemper tantùm de eo, quod eſt perpendiculare in <lb></lb>motu; cùm id quidem, quod eſt horizontale, eſſe <lb></lb>ex ſe æquabile, aliquoties iam inculcatum ſit. </s> <s id="id.000595">Præ<lb></lb>tereò ſeruari eandem proportionem, ſi graue decidat <lb></lb>non ad perpendiculum, ſed ſupra planum horizonti <lb></lb>obliquum; nam ſegniùs id quidem pro ratione obli<lb></lb>quitatis, ſed facto nihilominùs eadem ratione incre<lb></lb>mento, vt experiri licet globulis demiſſis per tubulos <lb></lb>vitreos, cuiuſmodi confici plureis in hunc vſum cura<lb></lb>uimus. </s> <s id="id.000596">Prætereo eandem quoque ſeruari circa nu<lb></lb>merum vibrationum, ſiue excurſuum, recurſuúmque <lb></lb>vt diximus, rerum penſilium, quatenus chordatum, <lb></lb>quibus appenduntur, longitudines ſunt vt quadra<lb></lb>ta vibrationum: adeò vt, ſi ex quatuor chordis prima <lb></lb>ſit vnius pedis, ſecunda quatuor, tertia nouem, quar<lb></lb>ta ſexdecim, quo tempore quartum penſile peraget <lb></lb>vnam vibrationem, tertium peragat duas, ſecundum <lb></lb>treis, & primum quatuor. </s> <s id="id.000597">Prætercò tandem exinde <lb></lb>eſſe, vnde tam Galileus, quàm Merſennus noſter, & <lb></lb>alij definiant quanto tempore lapis caſurus in cen<lb></lb>trum vſque (ſi perforatam Terram concedas) ex ſuper<lb></lb>ficie fuerit, quanto ex Luna, quanto ex Sole, quanto <lb></lb>ex ſideribus fixis. </s> <s id="id.000598">Supponunt quippe eandem acce<lb></lb>lerationis proportionem ſeruari; tametſi ex eo ca<lb></lb>pite non videatur eadem futura; quòd eadem vbique <lb></lb>impellens, attrahenſque vis futura non ſit. </s> </p> <pb pagenum="74" xlink:href="027/01/081.jpg"></pb> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000599">XIX. </s> <s id="id.000600">Vnum addo; nempe licere ex iſtis in<lb></lb>telligi, quid ſentiendum ſit de difficultate vulgò <lb></lb>excitata circa vim impreſſam projectintibus. </s> <s id="id.000601">Re<lb></lb>quiritur quippe quid nam hæc vis ſit in re mobili? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000602">quomodo in ea imprimatur? </s> <s id="id.000603">quomodo perduret? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000604">quomodo euaneſcat? </s> <s id="id.000605">Enimverò, cùm haberi ſoleat <lb></lb>vt vis actiua lapidem mouens; videtur tamen vis <lb></lb>actiua, quæ projectionis cauſa eſt, eſſe in ipſo pro<lb></lb>ijciente, non verò in projectare, quæ merè paſſiuè <lb></lb>ſe habet. </s> <s id="id.000606">Id, quod in re projecta eſt, motus eſt, <lb></lb>quil icet interdum nominetur vis, impetus, & c. (vt <lb></lb>etiam aliquoties à nobis factitatum eſt, dum, vt fa<lb></lb>ciliùs intelligamur, familares voces, quantum poſ<lb></lb>ſumus, retinemus) non proptereà tamen aliud quid<lb></lb>piam eſt reipſâ, quàm ipſemet motus. </s> <s id="id.000607">Et ſanè vnus, <lb></lb>idemque motus, vel per Ariſtotelem, actio ſimùl, <lb></lb>& paſſio eſt; actio proüt eſt à mouente, paſſio, proüt <lb></lb>in mobili: quare vt in mouente eſt vis actiua, qua, <lb></lb>moueat; ita in mobili vis paſſiua, qua moueatur: <lb></lb>& dum mobile reipſâ mouetur, non in eo quærenda <lb></lb>eſt vis actiua, quæ in mouente ſolo neceſſaria fuit, <lb></lb>ſed paſſiua ſolùm, quæ in eo eſt, & redacta quidem, <lb></lb>vt vocant, ad actum. </s> <s id="id.000608">Neque obſtat, quòd mouens <lb></lb>ſeparatum ſit, aut interiiſſe etiam, conſtante motu <lb></lb>accepto, poſſit; nam non proptereà requiritur, vt <lb></lb>aliam, præter motum, vim à ſeipſo tranſmiſerit, <lb></lb>quæ motum deinceps efficiat; ſed ſufficit vt motum <lb></lb>ſemel in mobili fecerit, qui continuari abſque ip<lb></lb>ſo poſſit. </s> <s id="id.000609">Poteſt autem; quoniam eſt eius naturæ <lb></lb>accidens, vt modò ſubjectum perſeuerans habeat, <pb pagenum="75" xlink:href="027/01/082.jpg"></pb>neque contrarium quidpiam occurrat; perſeuerate <lb></lb>abſque continüa cauſæ ſuæ actione valeat. </s> <s id="id.000610">Et quan<lb></lb>quam principia mobilis interna dici poſſint habere <lb></lb>vim non paſſiuam modo, ſed etiam actiuam, qua <lb></lb>talem motum continuum: huiuſcemodi tamen vis non <lb></lb>tam à mouente impreſſa, quàm excitata dici poteſt; <lb></lb>planiuſque eſt, vt à mouente nihil imprimi aliud, <lb></lb>quàm motum dicamus. </s> <s id="id.000611">Imprimi, inquam, qualem <lb></lb>mouens habet donec mobile eſt ipſi conjunctum, <lb></lb>& qualis continuandus eſſet, futuruſque perpetuus, <lb></lb>niſi à motu aliquo aduerſo labefactaretur. </s> <s id="id.000612">Vt nô<lb></lb>ris autem quemadmodum impreſſio huiuſmodi fiat, <lb></lb>conſidera, priuſquàm lapis transferatur per aërem, <lb></lb>eſſe ipſum aliquantiſper conjunctum cum manu, & <lb></lb>haberi quaſi vnum, idemque, hoc eſt integrum mo<lb></lb>bile cum illa; quatenùs vnus, idemque motus vtri<lb></lb>que iunctìm conuenit, ſeu quatenùs manus eodem <lb></lb>ipſo motu mouet lapidem, quo ſeipſam. </s> <s id="id.000613">Ex hoc <lb></lb>enim fit, vt manu vel ſurſùm, vel tranſuerſùm. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000614">vel quo proverſùm voles, mota, lapis in eandem <lb></lb>partem moueatur; & quia tamen manus à corpore <lb></lb>retenta, ipſive innixa ſeſe interim ſubducit à lapi<lb></lb>de, fit vt lapis manui non cohærens, ac ſolùm con<lb></lb>tiguus pergat, cœptam que cum manu non dat <lb></lb>viam. </s> <s id="id.000615">Quòd ſi perpetuò viam non teneat, ſi co<lb></lb>gatur deflectere, ſi poſtremò quieſcere, dicta iam eſt <lb></lb>cauſa non ſemel. </s> <s id="id.000616">Id ſolùm nota, quod dico ſe <lb></lb>manu, de quolibet alio phyſico mouente intelligi <lb></lb>poſſe. </s> <s id="id.000617">Quippe nullum eſt naturale mouens quod <lb></lb>non ipſum quoque moueatur, vt aliquo vſque mo-<pb pagenum="76" xlink:href="027/01/083.jpg"></pb>bile deducat, in viam tenendam dirigat, & quaſi <lb></lb>tyrocinio aliquo inſtituens, promoueat: neque enim <lb></lb>nudo contactu, & abſque huiuſcemodi promotione <lb></lb>propelleret vnquam. </s> <s id="id.000618">Inductionem facere nihil eſt <lb></lb>neceſſe; cùm propoſito quolibet exemplo, atten<lb></lb>tione ſolùm ſit opus; & aliunde conſtet, quò mo<lb></lb>uens rapidiùs mouetur, dum contingit, & aliquo <lb></lb>vſque inſequitur mobile, eò celeriùs mobile ferri, <lb></lb>& quo ſegniùs, eò tardiùs. </s> <s id="id.000619">Difficultas eſſe poſſet <lb></lb>de motu reflexo; nam pila impacta in parietem ita re<lb></lb>ſilit, vt moueri ab eo debere videatur, cùm immo<lb></lb>tus tamen ſit, neque aliquo vſque conſequatur pilam. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000620">Verùm ea reſilitio, motuſque reflexus non tam à <lb></lb>pariete, corporeve alio reflectente efficitur, quàm ab <lb></lb>ipſo nec impingente: euenitque ſolùm, vt qui motus <lb></lb>directò continüaretur, obſtaculo facto continüetur <lb></lb>reflexè. </s> <s id="id.000621">Atque id quidem dicere cum ipſo Ariſtotele <lb></lb>malo, quàm motus quidpiam tribuere vel parieti, <lb></lb>vel parti ipſius; quoniam licet res probabilitate ſua <lb></lb>non carcat (vt arguit leuiſſimus ictus, qui vni ex<lb></lb>tremo longiſſimæ, craſſiſſimæque trabis impactus, <lb></lb>exauditur in alio, tanquam ſucceſſiuè in omneis <lb></lb>parteis, & vltrá per aërem, ad aurem vſque propa<lb></lb>gatus; itemque ictus ianuæ in limen, à quo totas <lb></lb>concuti ædeis, feneſtralia vitra, dum tremunt, de<lb></lb>monſtrant, cæteráque ſimilia) attamen res longio<lb></lb>ris eſt, quàm locus ferat, diquiſitionis. </s> <s id="id.000622">Quin<lb></lb>etiam non alienum foret diſquirere, quorſùm re<lb></lb>flexio ad parcis ſemper angulos fiat (quantùm ex <lb></lb>eius natura eſt) cum ipſa incidentia: ſed quónam <pb pagenum="77" xlink:href="027/01/084.jpg"></pb>tandem proueherer? </s> <s id="id.000623">cum id explicare potiſſimùm <lb></lb>ſoleam ex emerſione rei penſilis à ſuo perpendi<lb></lb>culo; quæ non abſimiliter ſiat ipſi in idem pro<lb></lb>cidentiæ: neque poſſim deducere, quin explicem <lb></lb>ſimùl ob quam cauſam fiat, vt exſiſtente eadem <lb></lb>penſilis longitudine, omnes procidentiæ, argue <lb></lb>emerſiones, omneſque adeò excurſiones, recurſio<lb></lb>neſque, de quibus dictum quidpiam iam eſt, ſint <lb></lb>prorſùs æqui-temporaneæ? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000624">XX. </s> <s id="id.000625">An non magis congruum putabis me<lb></lb>miniſſe me pollicitationis, qua recepi ſuperiùs <lb></lb>declaraturum me ad calcem, quid ex factis ex<lb></lb>perimentis, dicendum monſtretur de iis, quæ <lb></lb>ſolent vulgò obijci ad impugnandum motum <lb></lb>Telluris? </s> <s id="id.000626">verùm cùm videas qua hactenùs ver<lb></lb>borum mole obruerim te, æquum profectò ri<lb></lb>uos iam claudam, & quod huc vſque dilatum <lb></lb>eſt, differatur adhûc in proximam vſque ad te <lb></lb>ſcribendi occaſionem. </s> <s id="id.000627">Erit heic intereà plus æquo, <lb></lb>quàm vt pellegendo debeas eſſe patiens; ſed nem<lb></lb>pe illa bonitas tua, quam præconceptam habui, vt <lb></lb>permitterem calamo exſpatiandi licentiam, fecit. </s> <s id="id.000628">Præ<lb></lb>ſumpſi quoque te pro tuo veri cognoſcendi ardore, <lb></lb>próque ea, quam de me habes, quamque non <lb></lb>mereor, opinione, fuiſſe haud dubiè quidpiam <lb></lb>ampliùs, quàm nudas illas circa motum obſer<lb></lb>uationes exſpectaturum. </s> <s id="id.000629">Vtcùmque ſit, confi<lb></lb>do ſaltem te pro ſingulari candoie, amoréque <lb></lb>erga me tuo, id, quodcùmque eſt, excepturum, <pb pagenum="78" xlink:href="027/01/085.jpg"></pb>h biturumque tanquam à viro, qui ſit obſeruan<lb></lb>tuſi nus tui. </s> <s id="id.000630">Salutem lacobo Fratri optimo, toti<lb></lb>que erudito conſeſſui nunciari exopto. </s> <s id="id.000631">Vale. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000632">Aquis-Sextus XII. Kal. </s> <s id="id.000633">Decemb. </s> <s id="id.000634">CI<gap></gap>C, XL. <lb></lb><figure id="id.027.01.085.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/085/1.jpg"></figure></s> </p> <pb pagenum="79" xlink:href="027/01/086.jpg"></pb> <figure id="id.027.01.086.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/086/1.jpg"></figure> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000635"><emph type="center"></emph>EPISTOLA SECVNDA.<emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000636"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>EIDEM.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000637">I. MORAM non traho, Vir eximie, <lb></lb>ſed mox obſignatis, miſſiſque, quas <lb></lb>peruidebis, literis, haſce occipio, vt <lb></lb>liberem de propoſita Parentheſi fi<lb></lb>dem. </s> <s id="id.000638">Quippe intertexturus fueram <lb></lb>(quod adtexere præſtitit) videri ex iis obſeruatis, <lb></lb>quæ circa motum a motore tranſlato impreſſom <lb></lb>memorata ſunt, infirmum reddi argumentum, quo <lb></lb>ſolemus vulgò quietem aſſerere globo Telluris. </s> <s id="id.000639">Non <lb></lb>quòd exinde pronunciem moueri haud dubiè Tel<lb></lb>lurem, vt Pythagoreis olim viſum eſt, & nunc Co<lb></lb>pernicanis placer; ſed quòd amore veritatis, & con<lb></lb>ſequenter ad ea, quæ deducta ſunt, nihil prohibere <lb></lb>exiſtimem, quò minùs inſinüem conquirendam eſſe <lb></lb>rationem veriſimiliorem. </s> <s id="id.000640">Videlicet hæc diſquiſitio <lb></lb>non videtur eſſe ad eos releganda, qui laborant ver<lb></lb>tigine, vt familiare eſt obijci; quandò & ſapientum <lb></lb>non poſtremus Seneca dignam rem duxit contem<lb></lb>platione, vt ſciamus, in quo rerum ſtatu ſimus; pi<lb></lb>gerrimam ſortiti, an velociſſimam ſedem; circa nos <lb></lb>Deus omnia, an nos agat: & Plato, qui Philoſophi <pb pagenum="80" xlink:href="027/01/087.jpg"></pb>diuini cognomentum tulit, Telluri attribuit tum <lb></lb>junior reuolutionem diurnam circa proprium axem, <lb></lb>tum ætate maturior etiam tranſlationem per zo<lb></lb>diacum. </s> <s id="id.000641">Noſti enim, cùm in Timæo ſenſiſſet Tel<lb></lb>lurem in vniuerſi centro degentem, vna ſui circum<lb></lb>ductione verſus ortum, diem, noctemque efficere, <lb></lb>dum intereà Sol, cæteráque aſtra apparerent oriri, <lb></lb>ac deferri verſus occaſum; poſt-modum tamen, vt <lb></lb>ex Theophraſto apud Plutarchum intelligitur, eum <lb></lb>collocaſſe Solem in centro, & Terræ præter mo<lb></lb>tum diurnum, aſſignauiſſe etiam annuum, quem dum <lb></lb>circa Solem, & ſub ſignis zodiaci perageret, Sol <lb></lb>appareret intereà oppoſita ſigna peragrare. </s> <s id="id.000642">Sed <lb></lb>hiſce dimiſſis, ecquod-nam eſt illud, de quo dicere <lb></lb>volo, argumentum è Nempe illud eſt, quod ab ipſo <lb></lb>vſque Ariſtotele ſolet obijci, dum neminem ferè <lb></lb>non vides, qui diurnum motum oppugnans, non <lb></lb>inſtet fore, vt ſi Terra circumvolueretur in ortum, <lb></lb>lapis directè ſurſùm projectus, non in eundem, è quo <lb></lb>foret projectus, locum recideret, ſed caderet pro<lb></lb>cùl ad parteis occiduas; quòd eo verſante per <lb></lb>aerem, locus eſſet interea verſus ortum procùl <lb></lb>ſubductus: eo modo, inquiunt, quo ſagitta ſurſùm <lb></lb>euibrata è puppi, dum nauis mouetur, non in puppim <lb></lb>recidit, ſed in aquam à tergo puppis, quæ intereà <lb></lb>ſubducta eſt. </s> <s id="id.000643">Enimverò quis non miretur neminem <lb></lb>ex tanta obijcientium turba rem fuiſſe expertum <lb></lb>adeò facilem; omneiſque exemplum in re ſimili <lb></lb>vſurpare, non quod ipſi probauerint, aut ab exper<lb></lb>tis acceperint; ſed quòd aliunde ſic ſe habere, aut <pb pagenum="89" xlink:href="027/01/088.jpg"></pb>debere ſe habere ſint rati? </s> <s id="id.000644">Siquidem ex iis, quæ de<lb></lb>ducta ſunt, manifeſtum eſt poſſe omninô Coperni<lb></lb>canos tale exemplum retorquere, atque adeò ar<lb></lb>gumentari, tam poſſe lapidem in eundem Terræ <lb></lb>locum recidere, quàm ſagittam in eandem pup<lb></lb>pim. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000645">II. </s> <s id="id.000646">Sufficere poſſet ad hoc demonſtrandum <lb></lb>quod inſcripſi Schema ſuperioribus <lb></lb>ad illud importunè reuocem, ſubijcere heic <lb></lb>iſtud præſtat. </s> <s id="id.000647">Eſto exempli gratiâ Turris AB, è <lb></lb><figure id="id.027.01.088.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/088/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>cuius pede proijciatur ſurſùm lapis ad vſque faſti<lb></lb>gium B, & donec lapis eſt in aëre, ſupponatur <lb></lb>moueri Terra verſus parteis orientaleis CDEFG <lb></lb>HIK; turris profectò vnà mouebitur: putas verò <lb></lb>lapis deſeretur à turri? </s> <s id="id.000648">Deſereretur ſanè, ſi is, <lb></lb>qui proijcit, non inhæreret ipſi Terræ; eodem <lb></lb>modo, quo ſi quis extra nauim conſiſtens lapidem <lb></lb>ſurſùm proijciat, dum malus è regione tranſit; <lb></lb>talis quippe lapis non ſequetur malum, ſed ab il<lb></lb>lo deſeretur. </s> <s id="id.000649">At quemadmodum ſi naui inhæreat, <lb></lb>qui lapidem ſurſùm ſecundum malum proijcit, tunc <lb></lb>lapis malum ſequitur, neque ab illo deſeritur; ita <lb></lb>quia Terræ inhæret qui lapidem ſurſùm ſecundum <pb pagenum="90" xlink:href="027/01/089.jpg"></pb>turrim proijcit, neceſſe eſt lapidem ſequi, ac nuſ<lb></lb>quàm deſeri à turri. </s> <s id="id.000650">Cauſa manifeſta iam eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000651">Nam vt lapidi ſecundum malum projecto non ſola <lb></lb>impreſſa eſt vis ipſius proijcientis propria, ſed etiam <lb></lb>alia ex motu nauis, quo manus ſimùl adacta fuit; <lb></lb>ita projecto ſecundum turrim non ſola vis pro<lb></lb>iicientis propria impreſſa eſt, ſed alia etiam ex mo<lb></lb>tu <gap></gap> fuit ſimùl correpta. </s> <s id="id.000652">Et vt <lb></lb>lapis ſecundum malum viſus aſcendere, deſcendere<lb></lb>que ad perpendiculum, deſcribit nihilominùs li<lb></lb>neam, quam parabolicam diximus: ita lapis ſecun<lb></lb>dum turrim contineri viſus in eodem perpendiculo, <lb></lb>deſcribit tamen in ſpatio mundano lineam ſimiliter <lb></lb>parabolicam; ſed paraboles longè obtuſioris. </s> <s id="id.000653">Nem<lb></lb>pe vt illeic motus eſt compoſitus ex perpendiculari, <lb></lb>& horizontali; ita ex vtróque compoſitus heic: adeò <lb></lb>vt, quicquid eſt ex vi proijcientis propria, id explice<lb></lb>tur vſque ad faſtigium turris, ad quod lapis per<lb></lb>uenit; & quicquid à vi, ſeu motu Telluris, id ex<lb></lb>plicetur ad punctum vſque horizontalis lineæ, quod <lb></lb>lapis decidens attingit. </s> <s id="id.000654">Itaque, cùm Turris ex A <lb></lb>B, peruenerit ad CL, rectè concipis lapidem per<lb></lb>ueniſſe ad M; cùm ad DN, perueniſſe ad O; cùm <lb></lb>ad EP, perueniſſe ad Q: cùm ad FR, perueniſſe ad ip<lb></lb>ſum-met R, quod faſtigium eſt; & conſequenter, cùm <lb></lb>ad GS, perueniſſead T: cum ad HV, perueniſſe ad X: <lb></lb>cùm ad IY, perueniſſe ad Z; cùm denique ad K <gap></gap>, per<lb></lb>ueniſſe ad ipſum K. ita vt vbicúmque lapis in aëre, vel <lb></lb>per ſpatium mundanum fuerit, extiterit ſemper in li<lb></lb>nea ipſi Turri parallela, eidemque Turris pedi, <pb pagenum="91" xlink:href="027/01/090.jpg"></pb>punctove vicino perpendicularis. </s> <s id="id.000655">Nec verò iam <lb></lb>tibi videbitur mirum oculos omnium, qui ad lapi<lb></lb>dem attendent, ſolum illum motum perpendicula<lb></lb>rem obſeruare, nullo autem modo horizontalem, qui <lb></lb>perpendicularem tamen exſuperat tantoperè; ſi<lb></lb>quidem omnium oculi vnà & cum turri, & cum <lb></lb>lapide, eodem horizontali motu transferuntur; <lb></lb>adeò vt quemadmodum exſiſtentes in naui omnes <lb></lb>ſolum perpendicularem, nullo verò modò hori<lb></lb>zontalem, cuius ſunt participes, obſeruant; ita heic <lb></lb>fieri neceſſum ſit. </s> <s id="id.000656">Vnum diſcrimen eſt, quòd quiſ<lb></lb>piam vel in alia naui quieſcente, vel in littore con<lb></lb>ſiſtere poſſit, vnde ad motum lapidis horizontalem <lb></lb>attendat; non poſſit verò alicubi extra Terram fi<lb></lb>gere pedem, vnde pari modo progreſſum hori<lb></lb>zontalem percipiat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000657">III. Dices, quid ſi aliquis intra ciſtam à gry<lb></lb>phe abreptam detineatur per aërem? </s> <s id="id.000658">Reſponde<lb></lb>bitur, neque illum quidem poſſe eum motum ob<lb></lb>ſeruare; quoniam & ipſe vna cum ciſta, gryphe, <lb></lb>aereque, eodem illo motu ſimul transferetur; <lb></lb>oporteretque illum conſtitui vltra regionem <lb></lb>aëream, motuque ipſo non corripi, vt eius obſer<lb></lb>uandi euaderet capax. </s> <s id="id.000659">Quo loco te minimè latet <lb></lb>placere Copernicanis id, quod inſinuaui ſuperiore <lb></lb>Epiſtola, aerem hunc noſtrum nihil eſſe aliud, quàm <lb></lb>halituoſam quandam contexturam ex omnibus va<lb></lb>poribus, fumis, tenuïſſimiſve corpuſculis, quæ ex <lb></lb>ſolidiore Terræ, & aquæ globo continuò, & in <lb></lb>omnem partem circumquáque exhalantur. </s> <s id="id.000660">Neque <pb pagenum="92" xlink:href="027/01/091.jpg"></pb>porrô longè abire à ſolidiore iſto globo vapores <lb></lb>eiuſcemodi; quippè quòd denſiores infernè reſi<lb></lb>dant, ſubtiliores vix ſupra vnum, alterumve mil<lb></lb>liare emergant, parúmque omninò excedant edi<lb></lb>tiſſimorum montium vertices. </s> <s id="id.000661">Talis eſt ergo illis <lb></lb>aer, ſiue regio aerea; eſtque proinde terrenum <lb></lb>quid, totamque terram circumambit, eo modo, quo <lb></lb>epidermis totum animal, vel (vt ſimilitudinem re<lb></lb>petam) quo lanugo malum cotoncum. </s> <s id="id.000662">Ex quo fit, <lb></lb>vt quemadmodum malo cotoneo circumvoluto <lb></lb>non conuoluitur modò ipſum malum, ſeu quod in <lb></lb>illo intimius, ſolidiuſque eſt; ſed vnà etiam con<lb></lb>uoluitur lanugo circumueſtiens, ipſique extrinſecus <lb></lb>leuiter cohærens; ita illi dicant non modò ſoli<lb></lb>diorem hunc globum ex terra, & aqua conſtantem <lb></lb>verſus ortum circumagi; ſed ſimùl etiam circum<lb></lb>duci regionem aëream ipſi ſeuiter circumquáque <lb></lb>cohærentem. </s> <s id="id.000663">Adeò proinde, vt quemadmodum <lb></lb>acari aliudve animalculum intra lanuginem con<lb></lb>tentum vnà cum illa ad motum mali cotonei cir<lb></lb>cumraperetur: ita neceſſarium ſit quicquid conti<lb></lb>netur intra aerem, vnà cum ipſo aere ad motum <lb></lb>Terræ circumferri. </s> <s id="id.000664">Quanquam diſcrimen eſt, quòd <lb></lb>aer, ob fluxilitatem, non videatur cohæſione adeò <lb></lb>vehemente ſolidiori globo connecti, ſed retardari <lb></lb>nonnihil; atque adeò lentiſſimè quidem, ſed ali<lb></lb>quantulùm tamen promoueri in parteis occiduas. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000665">Patere id dicunt, non tam in conuallibus, intra <lb></lb>quas aër heinc inde cohibetur, neque liber eſt, <lb></lb>quàm in planitiebus, & apertis campis, vbi obſer-<pb pagenum="93" xlink:href="027/01/092.jpg"></pb>uantur flabella, quoties viget tranquillitas, con<lb></lb>uerſa eſſe in occaſum. </s> <s id="id.000666">Patere verò maximè in mari; <lb></lb>ac ſub ipſo quidem Æquatore potiſſimùm, vbi vela <lb></lb>nauium ſunt vno tenore, vniformiterque inflata ab <lb></lb>ortu; atque idcircô nautæ experiuntur ſeſe idem iter <lb></lb>& longè facilius, & breuiore tempore in occaſum, <lb></lb>quàm in ortum emetiri. </s> <s id="id.000667">Neque verò neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>ventum proptereà percipi adeò validum, ac obijci <lb></lb>ſolet, quaſi aër conſiſteret, & tantundem ferri in oc<lb></lb>caſum, quantum Terra in ortum apparere, aut ſen<lb></lb>tiri deberet. </s> <s id="id.000668">Siquidem non conſiſtit aër, ſed nonni<lb></lb>hil ſolùm retardatur, lentiuſve in eandem regio<lb></lb>nem procedit, hæcque retardatio, quæ haberi poſ<lb></lb>ſit pro motu in occaſum, nulla propemodùm pars <lb></lb>eſt citatiſſimi eius motus quo aër intereà promo<lb></lb>uetur cum Terra in ortum. </s> <s id="id.000669">Diſcrimen aliunde eſt, <lb></lb>quòd illa animalcula à lanugine abripiantur, cor<lb></lb>pora verò ſolidiora non abripiantur ab aëre (is nem<lb></lb>pe eſt nimiùm tenuis, fluiduſque) ſed motum ſor<lb></lb>tiantur ab ipſamet Terra, quæ dum mouetur, ſimùl <lb></lb>moueat corpora omnia ſibi innixa. </s> <s id="id.000670">Et quia tamen <lb></lb>videtur aer quidpiam conferre aliquibus; ideò, vt <lb></lb>diſtinctiùs rem dicam; <emph type="italics"></emph>Si <emph.end type="italics"></emph.end>talia quidem corpora ſint, <lb></lb>cuiuſmodi lapis, ſagitta, aliave id genus; iſta non <lb></lb>mouentur cum aere, quaſi ipſo ea propellente; ſed <lb></lb>ideò mouentur, quia cùm exceſſere è Terra, cor<lb></lb>poreve Terræ innixo, quod ea propulit, impreſſit <lb></lb>Terra ſimùl ſuum motum, eo modo, quo imprimit <lb></lb>nauis, dum ex ea, aut malo ipſi innixo aliquid pro<lb></lb>pellitur. <emph type="italics"></emph>Sin<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> verò talia corpora ſint, cuiuſmodi aues, <pb pagenum="94" xlink:href="027/01/093.jpg"></pb>muſcæ, & ſimilia; habent & ea motum ab ipſamet <lb></lb>Terra, aut certe à turri, arbore, menſa, manu, <lb></lb>corporeve alio, cui Terræ hærenti, quando auo<lb></lb>lant, innituntur; vti dum aliquis ex puppi, aut ſcam<lb></lb>no, quod in ea, verſus proram ſalit. </s> <s id="id.000671">Contingit autem <lb></lb>volucres non ad perpendiculum ſubinde decidere <lb></lb>(quod ſi facerent, non proptereà motum horizon<lb></lb>talem minùs haberent, vt dictum eſt de lapide ſe<lb></lb>cundum turrim decidente) ſed poſſe alarum bene<lb></lb>ficio eiuſmodi motum variare, quantum aer vnà <lb></lb>tranſlatus poteſt eſſe ſubſidio. </s> <s id="id.000672">Nam ſinullus quidem <lb></lb>eſſet ſuppoſitus aër, aut aues alas non explicarent, <lb></lb>rum lapidum inſtar caderent in Terram; at quià <lb></lb>aer ſubeſt, corpulentiamque aliquam habet, quæ <lb></lb>alis verberata tantum reſiſtat, quantum ſatis eſt, vt <lb></lb>volatilia vel ſuſtententur, vel etiam magis euehantur; <lb></lb>heinc fit, vt pro repulſu à reſiſtente aere facto, mo<lb></lb>tus per aerem varietur, neque ille generalis, hori<lb></lb>zontaliſque ipſi magis obſtet, quàm obſtat perpen<lb></lb>diculari. </s> <s id="id.000673">Nempe illa pars aeris verberata, aliſque <lb></lb>reſiſtens comparari poteſt illi parti funis intra na<lb></lb>uim tenſi, quam funambulus inter ſaliendum pede <lb></lb>pulſet. </s> <s id="id.000674">Quin etiam comparari poteſt cuilibet parti <lb></lb>nauis, è qua quis ipſam pedibus pulſans, ſalire in <lb></lb>quamcumque valeat. </s> <s id="id.000675">Quippe motus nauis, qui il<lb></lb>lum & inſiſtentem, & per aerem ſaliendo tranſla<lb></lb>tum ſemper deuehet, nihil prorſùs impediet, quò <lb></lb>minùs ex vna parte nauis in aliam inſiliat, ſitumque, <lb></lb>vt volet, commutet. </s> <s id="id.000676">Declararem in piſce, animali<lb></lb>ve alio natante; cùm aquam poſſe & vnà transferri, <pb pagenum="95" xlink:href="027/01/094.jpg"></pb>& magis reſiſtere perſpicuum ſit; ſed res, vt mihi <lb></lb>quidem videtur, non eſt difficilis intellectu. </s> <s id="id.000677">Quan<lb></lb>quam, ſi hæreas vel tantillum, habeto intra nauim <lb></lb>cuppam aqua plenam, & in ea piſceis; ac deprehen<lb></lb>des, qua ratione motus generalis nauis, quo aqua, <lb></lb>& piſces conuehentur, nihil ſit penitùs obſtiturus, <lb></lb>quò minùs piſces eoſdem motus ſurſùm, deorſùm, <lb></lb>obliquè habeant, ac haberent, ſi cuppa, & aqua <lb></lb>penitùs conquieſcerent, illóque motu deſtituerentur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000678">Quod inculco, vt intelligas, poſſe aerem, aues, & <lb></lb>omnia volantia generali illo, & horizontali motu <lb></lb>Telluris transferri; & motum tamen iſtum nihil ob<lb></lb>ſtare, quò minùs illa volent ſurſum, deorſùm, obli<lb></lb>què, & quocúmque collibitum fuerit. <emph type="italics"></emph>Sin<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> autem ta<lb></lb>lia corpora ſint, cuiuſmodi nubes, pulueres, plumæ, <lb></lb>lanæ, &c. </s> <s id="id.000679">Imprimis, cùm iſta è terra, <lb></lb> corporéve <lb></lb>Terræ innixo procedunt, motum inde impreſſum <lb></lb>habent, tuenturque; & quòd ſint non-nihil grauiora <lb></lb>ſuppoſito aere, haud-dubiè perpendiculariter (tam<lb></lb>etſi paulò lentiùs) apparerent decidere, niſi ven<lb></lb>tus ſuccureret, auerteretque iſtum motum, cum <lb></lb>quo vna generalis, & horizontalis ille perinde co<lb></lb>pularetur, ac in lapide fieri dictum eſt Deinde ven<lb></lb>tus ſuperueniens, ſurſumque, aut aliò abigens, im<lb></lb>pellenſque nihil aliud præſtat, quàm quod dictum <lb></lb>eſt præſtari ab aere alis volucrum reſiſtente: diſ<lb></lb>crimen enim ſolummodò eſt, quòd volucris quaſi <lb></lb>repellatur, nubes verò, & cætera à vento duntaxat <lb></lb>pellantur; cùm ad motum tamen perinde ſit, ſeu <lb></lb>manus è pauimento pilam ſurſùm proijciat, ſeu pila <pb pagenum="96" xlink:href="027/01/095.jpg"></pb>in pauimentum impacta ex illo reſiliat. <emph type="italics"></emph>Sin<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> demùm <lb></lb>talia corpora ſint, cuiuſmodi ventus, ignea trajectio, <lb></lb>&c. </s> <s id="id.000680">tum quoque & motus ille generalis imprimitur <lb></lb>ipſis in ea Terræ parte, è qua prodeunt; & qui pro<lb></lb>prius prætereà motus ipſis competit, perinde cum <lb></lb>illo cohæret, ac cohærent motus projectorum, vo<lb></lb>lucrum, aliorum; cùm & ventus antecedens à ſuc<lb></lb>cedente propellatur, & ignis in pabulum agens illum <lb></lb>ſua vi pellat, & ob cohæſionem ſequatur; & vtrique <lb></lb>aër partìm ſuſtentaculo, partim obſtaculo eſſe poſſit; <lb></lb>atque adeò cauſa deflexionis, reſilitionis, & ſimi<lb></lb>lium. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000681">IV. </s> <s id="id.000682">Scrupulus fortè ſupererit ex eo, quod dixi pa<lb></lb>rabolicam lineam à corporibus projectis deſcriptam <lb></lb>accipiendam eſſe in ſpatio mundano, non in aere: & <lb></lb>cùm vnum eius extremum ſupponatur ad pedem tur<lb></lb>ris, vnde lapis proijcitur, aliud eſſe accipiendum in <lb></lb>alio puncto horizontalis lineæ, in quod lapis decidit: <lb></lb>quaſi aut horizon non ſit deſcribendus in ipſa Terræ <lb></lb>ſuperficie; aut punctum, in quod lapis recidit, non <lb></lb>ſit illud idem id hac ſuperficie, è quo lapis fuit pro<lb></lb>jectus. </s> <s id="id.000683">Verùm non erit tibi imprimis difficile ima<lb></lb>ginari aliud eſſe aërem, aliud ſpatium in quo eſt <lb></lb>aër. </s> <s id="id.000684">Nam aër corpus mobile eſt: ſpatium incor<lb></lb>poreus, & immobilis locus. </s> <s id="id.000685">Tu, verbi cauſâ, intra <lb></lb>muſæum, ſpatium quoddam occupas, & tantùm qui<lb></lb>dem, quantus es ipſe, etiam cum tuis veſtibus. </s> <s id="id.000686">Cùm <lb></lb>autem vno, aut altero paſſu ab illo recedis; non <lb></lb>illud te ſequitur, ſed ab aëre confluente occupatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000687">Reponatur in eo trabs; pelletur aer, ſed non pelletur <pb pagenum="97" xlink:href="027/01/096.jpg"></pb>ſpatium quod proinde manet immotum, quicquid <lb></lb>in ipſo collocetur, quicquid per ipſum tranſeat: <lb></lb>imô non ſit domus, non ſit Terra, non ſit Mundus; <lb></lb>illud ſpatium nihilominùs immobile, inalterabile. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000688">idem omninó perſeuerabit. </s> <s id="id.000689">Eodem modo, loco mu<lb></lb>ſæi, intelligito cœli fornicem; & loco tui, tuarum<lb></lb>que veſtium intellige Terram cum aëre circumve<lb></lb>ſtiente: capis profectò Terram intra hunc fornicem <lb></lb>certum aliquod ſpatium occupare. </s> <s id="id.000690">Finge Terram <lb></lb>ex eo moueri, non illud proptereà emouebitur, ſed <lb></lb>conſtabit planè immotum, Terraque intereà occu<lb></lb>pabit aliud. </s> <s id="id.000691">Finge non moueri Terram ex ſpatio, <lb></lb>ſed conuolui tamen intra ſpatium, veluti globus, <lb></lb>dum tornatur; concipies parteis quidem Terræ mu<lb></lb>tare ſucceſſiue parteis ſpatij; ſed non proptereà par<lb></lb>teis ſpatij vlla ratione aut moueri, aut mutationem <lb></lb>accipere. </s> <s id="id.000692">Dico igitur, ſi in Telluris circumvolutio<lb></lb>ne ſupponamus AB turrim moúeri in CL; ſpatium, <lb></lb>quod illeic occupabatur, remanſiſſe illeic im<lb></lb>motum, vt etiam totum illud per quod tranſijt, A <lb></lb>BLC, in quo qui erat aer tranſiit intereà in CL <lb></lb>ND, ſuccedente interim alio, qui erat ponè locum <lb></lb>AB. <gap></gap>t moueatur conſequenter turris à CL, in <lb></lb>in DN, ſpatium ad CL remanebit immotum, vt <lb></lb>etiam illud, per quod turris tranſiit, & in quo qui priùs <lb></lb>continebatur aer, tranſijt intereà in ſpatium DN <lb></lb>PE Imaginare idem ex ordine, quovſque turris erit <lb></lb>in K<gap></gap>; capies profectò pedem turris ex parte ſpatij <lb></lb>immota A, tranſijſſe in partem ſpatij immotam K; <lb></lb>& deſcripſiſſe in ſpatio intermedio, immoto manen-<pb pagenum="98" xlink:href="027/01/097.jpg"></pb><figure id="id.027.01.097.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/097/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>te lineam ACDEFGHIK, quam horizontalem <lb></lb>ideo diximus, quia reſpondet horizonti, ſeu ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei ipſius Terræ. </s> <s id="id.000693">Nam & cùm pes turris eſſet in A <lb></lb>illa ſpatij linea AK occupabatur à portione ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei Terræ antecedente; & cùm pes turris per<lb></lb>uenit ad K, eadem linea occupatur à portione <lb></lb>conſequente. </s> <s id="id.000694">Deinde, ſi ſupponamus lapidem non <lb></lb>quieuiſſe in pede turris, ſed aſcendiſſe, & deſ<lb></lb>cendiſſe ſecundum turrim, dum turris ex AB, tran<lb></lb>ſiret in K <gap></gap>, adeò vt deſcripſerit parabolicam lineam <lb></lb>AMOQRTXZK, capis ſanè hanc lineam deſ<lb></lb>criptam eſſe in immoto ſpatio, quod ab aere Ter<lb></lb>ram circumambiente, ac vnà tranſlato ſucceſſiuè oc<lb></lb>cupatur; non verò in aere ipſo, qui circa turrim <lb></lb>tranſlatam idem perſeuerat, eamque ſequitur; & <lb></lb>in quo deſcribitur ſolùm apparens recta linea, ſe<lb></lb>cundum longitudinem videlicet turris. </s> <s id="id.000695">Heinc ergo <lb></lb>agnoſcis me ideò dixiſſe deſcribi lineam in ſpatio <lb></lb>mundano, potiuſquàm in aere; vt obſeruaretur <lb></lb>diſcrimen huius lineæ deſcriptæ propter motum <lb></lb>Terræ, cum linea deſcripta propter motum nauis. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000696">Nam deſcripta ob motum nauis benè intelligitur ex <lb></lb>diuerſitate partium aëris, qui motum nauis non ſe-<pb pagenum="99" xlink:href="027/01/098.jpg"></pb>quitur, ſed reſpectu illius permanet immotus: deſ<lb></lb>cripta verò ob motum Terræ intelligi non poteſt <lb></lb>ex diuerſitate partium aëris, qui ipſam Terram ſe<lb></lb>quitur; ſed ex diuerſitate partium mundani ſpatij, <lb></lb>quod immotum perſeuerat. </s> <s id="id.000697">Dico autem aërem reſ<lb></lb>pectu nauis manere immotum; quia dum motus il<lb></lb>los intra nauim conſideramus, ſeponimus motum <lb></lb>Telluris, qui aliunde ſit naui, aëri, omnibuſque re<lb></lb>bus communis; quique ob ſui communitatem re<lb></lb>linquat obſeruabile inter res propriis viribus motas, <lb></lb>quieſcenteiſque, diſcrimen. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000698">V. </s> <s id="id.000699">Ex hoc proinde intelliges, quàm parùm con<lb></lb>cludant argumenta illa, quæ ex globorum explo<lb></lb>ſione à bellicis tormentis petuntur. </s> <s id="id.000700">Nam, inqui<lb></lb>unt, globus in ortum exploſus feretur longè vlteriùs, <lb></lb>quàm exploſus in occaſum; quoniam ille præter <lb></lb>motum proprium, habebit etiam motum à Ter<lb></lb>ra; hic verò habebit ſolùm motum proprium: <lb></lb>atque idcircò ſi motus Telluris ſupponatur tantus, <lb></lb>quantus eſt motus globi proprius, efficietur motus in <lb></lb>ortum duplò velocior, quàm in occaſum; ſicque <lb></lb>ſcopus ad ortum duplò longiùs, quàm ad occaſum <lb></lb>attingetur. </s> <s id="id.000701">Quin-etiam globus in occaſum explo<lb></lb>ſus non exibit è fiſtula, ſed quaſi immotus conſi<lb></lb>ſtet; quia nempe quantum motu proprio in occi<lb></lb>dentem connitetur, tantum impetus à Terra factus <lb></lb>illum in ortum reprimet. </s> <s id="id.000702">Addunt, ſi globus diriga<lb></lb>tur ſeu in boream, ſeu in meridiem, aberrationem <lb></lb>ſemper à ſcopo futuram; quia dum globus feretur <lb></lb>per aërem, ſcopus intereà in ortum promouebitur, <pb pagenum="100" xlink:href="027/01/099.jpg"></pb>locuſque ferietur procùl ad accaſum. </s> <s id="id.000703">Verumtamen <lb></lb>experimenta de colludentibus pilâ intra nauim à <lb></lb>ſimili ſumpta rem perſpicuè ſoluunt. </s> <s id="id.000704">Loco enim <lb></lb>manus intellige fiſtulam; loco pilæ globum; loco <lb></lb>nauis Terram; loco aëris mundanum ſpatium; nihil <lb></lb>ſupererit laboris. </s> <s id="id.000705">Enimverò animi gratiâ repete ex<lb></lb>poſitum ſchema, & ſuppone AFK eſſe lineam in <lb></lb><figure id="id.027.01.099.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/099/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>ſuperficie globi Telluris vnâ cum tota Tellure mo<lb></lb>bilem, ſed pro tempore tamen, hoc eſt, dum globus <lb></lb>exploditur, reſpondentem parti immobilis ſpatij A <lb></lb>FK, eo modo, quo iam dictum eſt. </s> <s id="id.000706">Suppone etiam <lb></lb>globum explodi ex puncto Terræ A ea tormenti vi, <lb></lb>vt peruenite poſſit ad F; & rurſus pari vi ex F, vt <lb></lb>peruenire poſſit ad A, etiam globo Terræ penitùs <lb></lb>quieſcente; dico, licet Terra moueatur, globum <lb></lb>vtrimque exploſum nihilo ſeciùs peruenturum ad <lb></lb>eadem ſuperficiei Terræ puncta, hoc eſt, heinc ad <lb></lb>F, illeinc ad A. </s> <s id="id.000707">Nam ſit, proüt obijcitur, motus <lb></lb>Telluris tantus, quantus eſt globi proprius (vti eſſe <lb></lb>debet tantus circiter ſaltem, in veſtro parallelo) erit <lb></lb>quidem vis globi exploſi ex A in F geminata; ſic<lb></lb>que ex A immobili ſpatij puncto perueniet in K <lb></lb>etiam immobile; at quia dum globus transferetur, <pb pagenum="101" xlink:href="027/01/100.jpg"></pb>punctum ſuperficiei Terræ A non manebit immotum, <lb></lb>ſed poſt globum ibit; neque punctum ſuperficiei K <lb></lb>immotum conſiſtet, ſed globum antecedet: inde <lb></lb>eueniet, vt cùm globus ex puncto mundani ſpatij <lb></lb>immobili A, peruentet ad punctum eiuſdem ſpa<lb></lb>tij itidem immobile K, punctum mobile ſuperficiei <lb></lb>Terræ A perueniat ad punctum ſpatij immobile F; <lb></lb>& punctum mobile ſuperficiei F perueniat ad pun<lb></lb>ctum ſpatij immobile K; ſicque globus percurrat <lb></lb>quidem ex mundano ſpatio lineam AK, ſed ex ſu<lb></lb>perficie tamen Telluris ſolummodo lineam AF; <lb></lb>quemadmodum faceret Terra quieſcente. </s> <s id="id.000708">Explo<lb></lb>datur deinde globus ex F in A; quia dum erit per <lb></lb>aërem, neque punctum F, neque punctum A ſuper<lb></lb>ficiei terrenæ erunt immota; ſed interim punctum <lb></lb>F perueniet ad punctum immobile ſpatij K, & pun<lb></lb>ctum A ad punctum immobile F, & aliunde quantum <lb></lb>globus vi impreſſa à tormento feretur ex puncto <lb></lb>immobili F verſus A, tantum vi impreſſa à Terra <lb></lb>referetur ex A verſus F; fiet, vt reſpectu ſpatij im<lb></lb>motus conſiſtat, donec cadat in punctum mobile ſu<lb></lb>perficiei A, quod intereà ad punctum F immobile <lb></lb>perueniet. </s> <s id="id.000709">Neque iam debet videri mirum, mo<lb></lb>ueri globum per aërem, & non moueri tamen per <lb></lb>mundanum ſpatium. </s> <s id="id.000710">Videlicet præter iam dicta (ex <lb></lb>quibus conſtat non tam globum transferri per aërem, <lb></lb>quàm aërem ferri præter globum; & motum globo <lb></lb>à viſu tribui, qui tamen eſt aëris) conſtat rem aliun<lb></lb>de ita ſe habere, ac dum vides hominem conto in fluuij <lb></lb>fundum defixo, aut fune ponti illigato impellere lem-<pb pagenum="102" xlink:href="027/01/101.jpg"></pb>bum ſuis pedibus. </s> <s id="id.000711">Ille quippe nihilo ſecùs mutat <lb></lb>pedes, inambulatque, ac facis et ſupra ipſam Ter<lb></lb>ram; & nihilominùs vides ipſum non mutare locum, <lb></lb>ſi comparetur ad aërem, ripam, ſuppoſitum fun<lb></lb>dum, quidpiamve aliud immobile; ſed mutare ſo<lb></lb>lùm locum reſpectu partium lembi, qui intereà ſub <lb></lb>ipſo mouetur, quatenus ex puppi aut prora oppo<lb></lb>ſitam partem attingit. </s> <s id="id.000712">Nimirum reſpectu aëris, aut <lb></lb>ripæ immobilis eſt, quia præter motum proprium, <lb></lb>quo fertur verſus vnam partem, afficitur etiam motu <lb></lb>alio, qui ipſum tantundem refert in partem oppo<lb></lb>ſitam. </s> <s id="id.000713">Idem eueniet, ſi quis in medio flumine, aut <lb></lb>etiam in mari abſque conto, aut fune, tanta volo<lb></lb>citate moueatur à prora in puppim, quanta nauis <lb></lb>ipſa mouetur. </s> <s id="id.000714">Nam mouebitur quidem per nauim, <lb></lb>mutabit que ſucceſſiuè parteis nauis varias; ſed quod <lb></lb>ad ipſum aërem, aquamve, aut fundum ſuppoſitum <lb></lb>ſpectat, conſiſtet quaſi immobilis, neque reuerâ <lb></lb>locum mutabit. </s> <s id="id.000715">Pari igitur modo globus feretur <lb></lb>quidem impetu proprio, ſiue à machina impreſſo ab <lb></lb>oriente in occidentem, reipſáque mouebitur per Ter<lb></lb>ræ ſuperficiem, eiuſque parteis commutabit: at reſ<lb></lb>pectu mundani ſpatij perſeuerabit quaſi immotus, <lb></lb>quia quantum motu proprio in occaſum feretur, <lb></lb>tantundem motu à Terra impreſſo referetur in or<lb></lb>tum. </s> <s id="id.000716">Eadem porrô, proportione, euenient, ſeu <lb></lb>motum Terræ velociorem, ſeu tardiorem habeas <lb></lb>motu globi proprio. </s> <s id="id.000717">Quemadmodum à pari intel<lb></lb>ligitur ex dictis ſuperiùs de projectione, & rejectione <lb></lb>pilæ ſecundum longitudinem nauis; cùm nihil ſit ne-<pb pagenum="103" xlink:href="027/01/102.jpg"></pb>ceſſe explicare ampliùs quemadmodum fiat adjectio, <lb></lb>aut detractio virtutis communis comparatæ cum <lb></lb>propria: quandò, vt iam dictum eſt, ſimili ratione ſe <lb></lb>habent pila, & globus; manus, & fiſtula; nauis, & <lb></lb>Terra; aër, & ſpatium. </s> <s id="id.000718">Heinc, quod dicitur de glo<lb></lb>bo projecto ſeu in boream, ſeu in meridiem ex iis <lb></lb>ſoluitur, quæ dicta ſunt de projectis ex naui, aut <lb></lb>etiam ex curru. </s> <s id="id.000719">Etenim, dum globus è fiſtula exit, <lb></lb>non tantum habet motum ſecundum longitudinem <lb></lb>fiſtulæ; ſed etiam ſecundum horizontalem lineam; <lb></lb>incipitque proinde ex hoc duplici motu deſcribi li<lb></lb>nea media, ſecundum quam tendere pergat, poft<lb></lb>quàm exiit è fiſtula; adeò vt quantùm fiſtula, tan<lb></lb>tundem ipſe tendat in ortum, fitque ſemper è re<lb></lb>gione orificij fiſtulæ, per quod fuit trajectus; & in<lb></lb>tereà tamen promoueatur vltra id orificium, & vſ<lb></lb>que ad ſcopum tandem directè perueniat, qui ipſe <lb></lb>quoque eſt intereà tantundem promotus in ortum, <lb></lb>quantum fiſtula, inque eádem ſecundum Terræ ſu<lb></lb>perficiem linea permanſit. </s> <s id="id.000720">Dicerem etiam de globo <lb></lb>ſurſùm directè exploſo, recidentéque ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum: ſed ratio eadem plane eſt, & difficultas ma<lb></lb>net ſoluta ex iis, quæ circa exploſionem è naui me<lb></lb>morata ſunt. </s> <s id="id.000721">Quin-etiam hoc loco videtur res eſſe <lb></lb>tantò intellectu facilior, quantò per id tempus, quo <lb></lb>globus exit è fiſtula, intelligitur ſimùl moueri ſen<lb></lb>ſibiliùs verſus ortum; ſicque ex motu ſurſùm, & <lb></lb>motu in orientem deſcribere lineam inter verticalem, <lb></lb>& horizontalem mediam, ſecundum quam deinceps <lb></lb>tranſlatus, ita ſurſùm emoueatur à fiſtula, vt tamen <pb pagenum="104" xlink:href="027/01/103.jpg"></pb>etiam in ortum tantundem, ac ipſa promoueatur, <lb></lb>ſicque directè illi ſemper immineat, ſeu ad perpen<lb></lb>diculum ſit, recidatque tandem in ipſam. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000722">VI. </s> <s id="id.000723">Neque verò allata modò argumenta nulla <lb></lb>videntur; ſed illa etiam nihil concludunt, quæ ex ap<lb></lb>parente rerum motu, quieteve ſolent obijci. </s> <s id="id.000724">Vi<lb></lb>demus enim, inquiunt, Solem, cæteraque ſidera <lb></lb>oriri, occidere, circa nos moueri; videmus & hanc <lb></lb>ipſam Terram, cui inſiſtimus, prorſùs quieſcere: an<lb></lb>non igitur omnia ibunt naturæ legi præpoſtera, ſi <lb></lb>ſidera quieſcant, & Terra moueatur? </s> <s id="id.000725">Sed piget cram<lb></lb>bem à Copernicanis toties repetitam heic repetere; <lb></lb>cùm præſertìm conſtet ex iam antè dictis, ſeu na<lb></lb>uis alia moueatur ad noſtram immotam: ſeu noſtra <lb></lb>moueatur ad immotam aliam, motum tamen ſemper <lb></lb>nobis apparere non noſtræ, ſed alterius nauis: adeò <lb></lb>vt, ſi in medio mari ſimus, & nihil ſit, niſi cælum <lb></lb>vndique, & vndique pontus, videamur ipſi nobis <lb></lb>ipſis immoti planè conſiſtere; quantumcúmque & <lb></lb>ſecundo vento moueamur; & ad nauim aliam an<lb></lb>choris firmatam feramur: quæ proinde tantum ap<lb></lb>parebit accedere ad nos, quantum reuerâ nos accede<lb></lb>mus ad ipſam. </s> <s id="id.000726">Cæterùm quia nos longo vſu, expe<lb></lb>rientiá que edocti ſenſum, ſeu imaginationem mente, <lb></lb>ſeu ratione enitimur corrigere, ac reipſa corrigimus, <lb></lb>& rem ſecùs ſe habere, quàm nobis appareat, nobis <lb></lb>perſuademus; finge tamen, niſi hominem natum, <lb></lb>educatumque in media naui, ſaltem mediterraneum, <lb></lb>qui nauigium nunquam viderit, & dormiens, oculiſ<lb></lb>ve clauſis, ac nihil tale cogitans, in nauim tranſla-<pb pagenum="105" xlink:href="027/01/104.jpg"></pb>tus, deducatur in medium mare, vbi, quemadmo<lb></lb>dum dixi, nihil ſit præter cælum, pontumque, & na<lb></lb>uis alia ad anchoram. </s> <s id="id.000727">Tum, ſi aperiat oculos, & <lb></lb>naui, in qua erit, velociſſimè præter aliam mota, ex <lb></lb>illo requiras, vtri motum, vtri quietem conuenire <lb></lb>exiſtimet; reſpondebit haud-dubiè, nauim in qua <lb></lb>erit, quieſcere, & aliam moueri. </s> <s id="id.000728">Et iubeto, quan<lb></lb>tum voles, vt attendat; fieri enim poſſe, vt nauis, <lb></lb>in qua erit, moueatur, immotaque ſit alia; iurabit <lb></lb>ſe non decipi; ac tantò magis ſecurus erit nauim <lb></lb>ſuam quieſcere, quantò obſeruabit omneis eius par<lb></lb>teis in eodem ſemper ſitu manere; non diſcedere <lb></lb>puppim in vnam partem, & proram in aliam; non <lb></lb>accedere etiam ad ſe mutuò; non parteìs item late<lb></lb>raleis; non tranſtra; non malos, non quicquid at<lb></lb>tinet ad nauim; & intereà nautas variè per foros <lb></lb>curſitare, malos ſcandere, ſentinam exhaurire, & <lb></lb>omnia prorſus peragere, vt ſi nauis conſtituta eſſet, <lb></lb>conſiſteretque in medio foro, mediove agro oppidi. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000729">Iam verò globus Terræ eſt, in quem, quaſi dor<lb></lb>mientes tranſlati, vel potiùs in quo non cogitantes <lb></lb>nati ſumus. </s> <s id="id.000730">Ex quo autem oculos aperuïmus, & <lb></lb>præter hunc globum, contemplati ſumus alium, <lb></lb>videlicet Solem, in eodem cum Terra quaſi æquore, <lb></lb>ſeu ſpatio mundano; quæſitum eſt vtri iſtorum glo<lb></lb>borum competeret quies, vtri motus? </s> <s id="id.000731">nos verò <lb></lb>incunctanter pronunciauimus competere haud-du<lb></lb>biè quietem Terræ, & motum Soli. </s> <s id="id.000732">Admonüere Py<lb></lb>thagoras, Plato, Ariſtarchus, antiquiores alij; <lb></lb>itemque Copernicus, Galileus, Kepplerus, recen-<pb pagenum="106" xlink:href="027/01/105.jpg"></pb>tiores plures, fortaſſis nos decipi, & quieſcere So<lb></lb>lem, Terramque moueri: nos tamen contrà inſti<lb></lb>timus; ac tantò obſtinatiores facti ſumus, quantò <lb></lb>magis attendentes, obſeruauimus parteis Terræ à ſe <lb></lb>mutuò non diſtrahi; ſed illum quidem montem eſſe <lb></lb>ſemper ad boream, hanc vrbem ad auſtrum, illum <lb></lb>fluuium ad ortum, hanc inſulam ad occaſum; ac <lb></lb>nos intereà ſupra Terram perinde diſcurrere, ac <lb></lb>diſcurrimus per domum, ſiue ciuitatem, in qua na<lb></lb>ti ſumus: adeò vt, quemadmodum neque domus <lb></lb>per ciuitatem, neque ciuitas per prouinciam, Ter<lb></lb>ramve diſcurrit; ita ipſa quoque Terra non videa<lb></lb>tur per ſpatia mundi diſcurrere. </s> <s id="id.000733">Atque ita quidem <lb></lb>ſe habet ab exortu vſque noſtra imaginatio; neque <lb></lb>animaduertimus, Terram eſſe fortè inſtar nauis, <lb></lb>fierique poſſe, vt exſiſtentes in Terra perinde fal<lb></lb>lamur, ac Mediterraneus ille, dum in naui eſt. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000734">Quippe quod-nam erit diſcrimen? </s> <s id="id.000735">aut quæ ratio <lb></lb>diſcriminis? </s> <s id="id.000736">& quis modus ſeu veritatem, ſeu erro<lb></lb>rem internoſcendi? </s> <s id="id.000737">Ac non dico quidem proptereà <lb></lb>moueri Terram, quieſcere Solem; ſed quærendas <lb></lb>dico rationes meliores, quàm quæ ex ſenſu ipſo pe<lb></lb>tuntur. </s> <s id="id.000738">Et niſi fuiſſemus quidem vnquam experti <lb></lb>viſus noſtri fallaciam, excuſabiles videremur, <lb></lb>poſſemuſque obijcere, nihil eſſe viſu mani<lb></lb>feſtius, aut certius; detractáque oculis fide nihil <lb></lb>fieri perſuaſione dignum: at quia nos experientia <lb></lb>docuit viſum falli tantoperè, neque fidem ſemper <lb></lb>adhibendam oculis eſſe, idque cùm de motu po<lb></lb>tiſſimùm agitur; quidnam reſponderi poteſt aliud, <pb pagenum="107" xlink:href="027/01/106.jpg"></pb>quàm & viſum, & ſenſus alios eſſe ratione corri<lb></lb>gendos? </s> <s id="id.000739">Si ratione porrô viſum corrigamus, quid <lb></lb>Mediterraneo illi perſuadebimus, niſi moueri nauim, <lb></lb>in qua eſt, quieſcere nauim, verſus quàm accedit? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000740">Et cùm ita fecerimus, quid, pari ratione perſuade<lb></lb>bimus aliud nobis ipſis, quàm moueri Terram, cui <lb></lb>inſiſtimus, quieſcere Solem, verſus quem mouemur? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000741">VII. </s> <s id="id.000742">Quod dictum porrô eſt de Sole, videtur <lb></lb>ſimùl quoque dicendum de ſideribus cæteris. </s> <s id="id.000743">Nam <lb></lb>pari modo, ſi nos cum Terra verſus ortum conuerti<lb></lb>mur, neceſſe eſt nobis ſemper, continuóque, aliæ, <lb></lb>aliæque partes viſibiles mundi aut cœli, vt putà Lu<lb></lb>na, ſtellæque tam errantes, quàm inerrantes verſus <lb></lb>ortum retegantur, totidemque intereà verſus oc<lb></lb>caſum occultentur; & quæ exortæ fuerint, appa<lb></lb>reant continuò ad meridianum aſcendere, præter<lb></lb>gredique, & in occaſum deſcendere, ac ſub Terram <lb></lb>quoque, ſeu infra horizontem pergere, donec vna <lb></lb>reuolutione intra horas viginti quatuor abſoluta, <lb></lb>appareant rurſùs exoriri, aſcendere, &c. </s> <s id="id.000744">Cur non id <lb></lb>verò potiùs appareat ex conuerſione noſtri oculi ad <lb></lb>parteis cæli orientaliores, quàm ex conuerſione tot, <lb></lb><expan abbr="tantarumq;">tantarumque</expan> partium verſus oculum: quemadmodum <lb></lb>nobis eleuatio poli apparet, non toto cælo conuer<lb></lb>ſo in meridiem; ſed oculo ſolo promoto in boream? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000745">Nam in hac quidem ciuitate polus boreus attolli<lb></lb>tur ſolum gradibus quadraginta tribus cum ſemiſſe; <lb></lb>& vbi tamen immoto cælo ad ciuitatem vſque ve<lb></lb>ſtram iter inſtituimus, ita paulatìm parteis inferio<lb></lb>res, inferioreſque, ſub ipſo polo detegimus, vt de-<pb pagenum="108" xlink:href="027/01/107.jpg"></pb>nique iſteic polus attollatur gradibus proximè qua<lb></lb>draginta nouem. </s> <s id="id.000746">Dicent non totam Terram in bo<lb></lb>ream, ſed nos duntaxat progredi; verùm id adfer<lb></lb>tur ſolùm in exemplum, vt oſtendam, ſeu oculus ſo<lb></lb>lus, ſeu oculus vnà cum Terra progrediatur verſus <lb></lb>ortum, poſſe ſidera videri attolli; neque, vt hoc <lb></lb>appareat, eſſe neceſſarium, conuerti ipſa verſus oc<lb></lb>caſum. </s> <s id="id.000747">Addo, ſi iudicant facilius moueri ſolum <lb></lb>oculum, quàm totam Terram in boream; cur non <lb></lb>facilius quoque iudicent moueri ſolam Terram in <lb></lb>ortum, quàm ſidera omnia, machinamque cælorum <lb></lb>vniuerſam moueri in occaſum? </s> <s id="id.000748">Non definio ſanè <lb></lb>vtrum fiat: ſed cùm, quod ſpectat ad oculum, poſ<lb></lb>ſit vtrumque æquè præſtari; innuo ſolùm eſſe ra<lb></lb>tione agendum, vt mens in eam partem propendeat, <lb></lb>quam ratio fecerit veriſimiliorem. </s> <s id="id.000749">Hoc verò poſito, <lb></lb>cùm ratione ſuadente ſit veroſimilius moueri nauim <lb></lb>verſus portum, quàm portum, ac naueis, & domos, <lb></lb>terraſque attiguas moueri verſus ipſam nauim; & <lb></lb>ſpectante aliquo ex edita turri totam ciuitatem <lb></lb>circumpoſitam, probabilius ſit hominem in faſti<lb></lb>gium turris emergere, ſeſeque in omnem circum <lb></lb>partem conuertere, quàm ciuitatem totam deprimi, <lb></lb>ac circa ipſum conuerti; & oratore pro ſuggeſtu <lb></lb>perorante, conſentaneum magis ſit ipſius vultum <lb></lb>ad omneis circùm auditorij parteis ex ordine dirigi, <lb></lb>quàm totum auditorium circa vultum immobilem, <lb></lb>atque id genus ſimilia: Cur non ratione eadem ſua<lb></lb>dente fiat veroſimilius, probabilius, magis conſen<lb></lb>taneum moueri Terram verſus ortum, ac totam <pb pagenum="109" xlink:href="027/01/108.jpg"></pb>mundi machinam, ſideraque omnia ſalutare ex or<lb></lb>dine; quàm tantam illam machinam, totque, & <lb></lb>tanta ſidera circum ipſam ire, eamque ſalutare? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000750">Profectò nauis eſt aliqua ſenſibilis portio, ſiue po<lb></lb>tiùs eſt alicuius ſenſibilis magnitudinis reſpectu <lb></lb>portus, totiuſque oppoſitæ oræ; homo reſpectu ci<lb></lb>uitatis, vultus reſpectu auditorij: Terra verò com<lb></lb>parata ad tantæ illius machinæ amplitudinem, non <lb></lb>modò punctum eſt, ſed etiam, ſi quid fingi poteſt <lb></lb>inſenſibilius, ac minus puncto. </s> <s id="id.000751">Quanquam res poſ<lb></lb>ſet fortè videri vtcùmque tolerabilis, ſi tota illa ma<lb></lb>china vnico, ac ſimplici motu circumferretur ver<lb></lb>ſus occaſum; ſed cùm aliunde tot Planetæ circum<lb></lb>ferantur quoque verſus ortum; quid potuit fieri <lb></lb>abſurdius, quàm fingi ſupra Planetas, ſupraque <lb></lb>omneis ſtellas fixas, ac ſphæras etiam cryſtallinas, <lb></lb><expan abbr="vaſtiſſimã">vaſtiſſimam</expan> ſphæram Primi mobilis, quæ aduerſus infe<lb></lb>riores nitenteis in ortum ſuis ac lentis motibus, con<lb></lb>tranitatur ipſa, & verſus occaſum incredibili ce<lb></lb>leritate omneis abripiat? </s> <s id="id.000752">An poteſt eſſe quidpiam <lb></lb>violentius; & cogitari tamen eſſe in rerum natura <lb></lb>perpetuum? </s> <s id="id.000753">An eſſe quidpiam amfractuoſius; & at<lb></lb>tribui tamen naturæ, quæ quò tendit, procedit ſem<lb></lb>per per breuiſſimam, & complanatiſſimam viam? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000754">Terrâ profecto in ortum conuerſâ, quo compen<lb></lb>dioſiùs nihil eſt, ſui, lentique in ortum motus re<lb></lb>linquentur ipſis Planetis; & qui tam ipſis, quam ſtel<lb></lb>lis fixis verſus occaſum ineſſe apparet, ex vnica Ter<lb></lb>ræ in ortum conuerſione apparebit; adeò vt hæc <lb></lb>ſola, ſimplexque conuerſio æquiualeat illi primo mo-<pb pagenum="110" xlink:href="027/01/109.jpg"></pb>bili; intereáque rapiditate, violentia, intricatione il<lb></lb>la tanta liberet orbeis inferiores. </s> <s id="id.000755">Quanquam aliunde <lb></lb>ſolidi orbes, qui inſitos ſibi Planetas deuehentes, <lb></lb>debuerunt eſſe contigui, vt inferiores abripi à ſu<lb></lb>perioribus poſſent, nulli planè ſunt; vt vel explorati <lb></lb>motus Veneris, & Mercurij ſupra, ac infra Solem, <lb></lb>& Cometarum traiectiones per ſpatia illa ſatis con<lb></lb>uincunt. </s> <s id="id.000756">Quare nec motus ille raptus poteſt iam <lb></lb>ampliùs peragi; quandò Planetarum quidem glo<lb></lb>bos per libera, fluxáque ſpatia abripi non poſſe eſt <lb></lb>ſatis perſpicuum; & retentis etiam ſolidis ſphæris, <lb></lb>manifeſtum eſt, ſi ſuperficies inferiorum convexæ, <lb></lb>& ſuperiorum concauæ politiſſimæ fuerint (vt neceſ<lb></lb>ſariò, & vulgò cenſent) non poſſe planè inferiores <lb></lb>à ſuperioribus abripi, quippe deſtituræ anſis, qui<lb></lb>bus in orbem impellantur, motumque accipiant; <lb></lb>ac poſſe ad ſummum impulſionem prorſùm, ſeu in <lb></lb>rectum accipere, qualis profectò non admittetur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000757">Noto intereà propter Cometas; cùm præter pro<lb></lb>prias trajectiones, quæ ſunt nunc in boream, nunc <lb></lb>in auſtrum, nunc aliò; appareant etiam conuerſione <lb></lb>diurna ab ortu in occaſum ferri; quid veroſimilius <lb></lb>cogitari poſſit, quàm moueri illos motu vnico, ſeu <lb></lb>trajectione propria; circumductionem verò illam in <lb></lb>occaſum eſſe duntaxat apparentem, ex conuerſione <lb></lb>Terræ diurna in ortum? </s> <s id="id.000758">Hæc ſanè conuerſio eiuſ<lb></lb>modi eſt, vt quicquid ſurſùm, vltrave Terram, ac <lb></lb>per mundana ſpatia ſeu eſt, ſeu naſcitur, ſeu tranſit, <lb></lb>affingat illi, vt & apparet, conuerſionem verſus oc<lb></lb>caſum. </s> <s id="id.000759">Niſi verò id non videtur eſſe captui accom-<pb pagenum="111" xlink:href="027/01/110.jpg"></pb>modatius, quàm raptum primi mobilis ad aërem <lb></lb>vſque nobis vicinum extendere, vt ſeu Cometa, <lb></lb>ſeu quid aliud in eo fuerit, verſus occaſum abripi <lb></lb>poſſit? </s> <s id="id.000760">Stupendum profectò, punctulum hoc ſolum <lb></lb>immotum conſtare: & tantam circùm machinam ro<lb></lb>tatione intereà illa incredibiliter celeri indeſinen<lb></lb>ter circumductam! Quare neque eſt, cur Coperni<lb></lb>canis vt abſurdum obijciant, fore vt nos in parte <lb></lb>quadam ſuperficiei terrenæ exſiſtentes tanta mo<lb></lb>ueamur celeritate, vt vix globus bombardicus cele<lb></lb>ritatem tantam aſſequatur: ſiquidem retorquebi<lb></lb>tur, quàm videatur eſſe incomparabiliter abſurdius <lb></lb>eiuſdem circumductionis celeritatem transferre in <lb></lb>partem ſuperficiei ſphæræ Lunæ, Solis, Firmamen<lb></lb>ti, Primi mobilis? </s> <s id="id.000761">Nam neceſſe eſt quidem in vno <lb></lb>horæ ſecundo, ſeu in interſtitio, quod eſt ab vna me<lb></lb>diocri pulſatione arteriæ ad aliam, punctum terrenæ <lb></lb>ſuperficiei percurrere ſub Aequatore, vbi motus eſt <lb></lb>rapidiſſimus, orgyias, ſeu toiſas circiter ducentas; <lb></lb>& à nobis, verſus dimidium latitudinis borealis ex<lb></lb>ſiſtentibus, circiter centum; at cùm vel ipſius Fir<lb></lb>mamenti ambitus iuxta communem ſententiam ſit <lb></lb>major Terræ ambitu pluſquàm quinquagies millies, <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt in vno horæ ſecundo punctum ambitus <lb></lb>Firmamenti percurrere quinquagies millies tantun<lb></lb>dem orgyiarum. </s> <s id="id.000762">Itaque dum vnum abſurdum de<lb></lb>uitant, incidunt in aliud, quod ſit quinquagies mil<lb></lb>lies abſurdius. </s> <s id="id.000763">Quantùm putas verò occurret ad<lb></lb>augenda abſurditas, cùm acceptum fuerit punctum <lb></lb>in ambitu Primi mobilis, ac interpoſito preſertìm <pb pagenum="112" xlink:href="027/01/111.jpg"></pb>vno, alterove cryſtallino cælo? </s> <s id="id.000764">Et obijciant præ<lb></lb>tereà parteis Terræ præ tanta illa vertigine diſtra<lb></lb>ctum iri: quàm erit magis diſtractio timenda par<lb></lb>tibus Primi mobilis, vt abreptis vertigine incom<lb></lb>parabiliter rapidiore? </s> <s id="id.000765">Tametſi ipſis partibus Terræ <lb></lb>nihil ſubeſt periculi, quæ, quòd cohæreant omnes <lb></lb>inter ſe, motúque ſemper naturali, æquabilique fe<lb></lb>rantur, perinde ſe habent, ac ſi quieſcerent; ſoluſ<lb></lb>que foret caſus timendus, ſi Terra impingeretur in <lb></lb>corpus obſiſtens, aut aliàs quiete repentina conſi<lb></lb>ſteret; quod magis tamen timendum non eſt, quàm <lb></lb>ne ſecundum communem ſententiam Mundus impin<lb></lb>gatur, aut repentè conquieſcat. </s> <s id="id.000766">Quo loco id vi<lb></lb>detur eſſe conſideratione dignum, ſi Terra fuiſſet <lb></lb>ſuápte naturâ ad quieſcendum inſtituta, ſortituram <lb></lb>hand-dubiè fuiſſe aut pyramidalem, aut cubicam <lb></lb>formam, non, vt habet, orbicularem; cuius cauſà <lb></lb>vti ad motum eſt comparatiſſima, ita videtur peni<lb></lb>tùs moueri ſuapte naturâ. </s> <s id="id.000767">Neque obijcias Solem <lb></lb>quoque, imô etiam Firmamentum, atque adeò Mun<lb></lb>dum ſecundum Copernicanos orbicularis eſſe fi<lb></lb>guræ nam & Soli ipſi in centro circumvolutionem <lb></lb>non negant, quæ eadem poſſit conuenire Firmamen<lb></lb>ti ſideribus, circa proprios nempe axeis reuolutis, <lb></lb>vnde eſſe ſcintillatio à pleriſque putatur; & quod ad <lb></lb>ipſam Firmamenti, ſeu Mundi conuexitatem attinet, <lb></lb>ſit ne orbicularis an non; id neque ad illorum hy<lb></lb>potheſin neceſſarium eſt, neque poteſt humanæ <lb></lb>menti innoteſcere vllâ conjecturâ </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000768">VIII. </s> <s id="id.000769">Obiter verò, ne id moretur, quòd circulari <pb pagenum="113" xlink:href="027/01/112.jpg"></pb>motui obſtare videatur Terræ grauitas, cuius propri<lb></lb>um ſit id corpus, cui ineſt, deorſùm rectà pellere; <lb></lb>ideò ſciendum eſt grauitatem affectionem eſſe non <lb></lb>totius Terræ, ſed partium ipſius, donec ab ipſa auel<lb></lb>luntur. </s> <s id="id.000770">Declarata penè res manet ex iis, quæ dixi <lb></lb>ſuperiore Epiſtola, cùm de corporum terrenorum <lb></lb>attractione ab ipſa Terra. </s> <s id="id.000771">Nam globus quidem ipſe <lb></lb>Terræ ſecundum ſe totum ſpectatùs nullo indiget <lb></lb>motu recto, quo ſe in locum ſuum recipiat, è quo <lb></lb>nunquàm egreditur; indigent verò eius partes, vt <lb></lb>ſe in ipſum globum recipiant, à quo contingit illas <lb></lb>inter dum emoüeri, ac ſeparari. </s> <s id="id.000772">Quamobrem nihil <lb></lb>fuit neceſſe indere toti ipſi globo grauitatem, ſeu <lb></lb>vìm, impetumque, quo rectà ferretur in locum, ex<lb></lb>tra quem conſtitutus foret; ſed ſatis fuit inderevim, <lb></lb>qua contineret ſuas parteis, eaſdemque retraheret, <lb></lb>ſi contingeret eas diuelli. </s> <s id="id.000773">Scilicet motus iſte rectus, <lb></lb>quem grauitatis dicimus, vnitiuus eſt, vt ſic dicam, <lb></lb>& congregatiuus omnium Terræ partium; indició<lb></lb>que eſt, quòd tam ex parte noſtri, quàm ex parte <lb></lb>antipodum, & vndequáque in idem conſpiret; ſed <lb></lb>cùm ſit congregatiuus partium relatarum in ipſum <lb></lb>globum, non eſt tamen congregatiuus ipſius globi <lb></lb>cum re alia, vt ſi Terra eſſet cum Luna, orbibuſve <lb></lb>aliis mundi congreganda. </s> <s id="id.000774">Neque dici poteſt gra<lb></lb>uitatem, ſeu vim ad hunc motum, conceſſam eſſe <lb></lb>toti Terræ, vt vel ſe recipiat in locum mundi infimum, <lb></lb>vel recepta, ſe in illo <expan abbr="cõtineat">contineat</expan>. </s> <s id="id.000775">Siquidem in mundo ni<lb></lb>hil <expan abbr="infimũ">infimum</expan>, aut ſupremum eſt, niſi comparatè ad ſitum <lb></lb>animalis, ac potiſſimùm hominis, cuius vna eſt pars <pb pagenum="114" xlink:href="027/01/113.jpg"></pb>quæ dicitur ſuprema, videlicet caput, alia, quæ in<lb></lb>fima, videlicet pedes; eo modo, quo non eſt etiam <lb></lb>in mundo aliquid dextrum, aut ſiniſtrum, ſed com<lb></lb>paratè duntaxat ad ſitum eiuſdem animalis, cuius <lb></lb>partes dextra, ac ſiniſtra ſunt propriæ. </s> <s id="id.000776">Ex quo fit, <lb></lb>vt quemadmodum pars mundi oriens tibi dextra non <lb></lb>dicitur, niſi quatenùs partem dextram ad ipſum con<lb></lb>uertis; cùm ſi conuerteris ſiniſtram, ſiniſtra exſti<lb></lb>tura ſit; ita pars mundi verticalis non dicatur eſſe ſu<lb></lb>prema, niſi quatenùs partem tui ſupremam ipſi ob<lb></lb>uerſam habes; cùm ſi ad antipodas tranſiens obuer<lb></lb>teris infimam, eadem ſit infima futura. </s> <s id="id.000777">Dices infi<lb></lb>mum accipiendum non eſſe in mundi extremo, ſed <lb></lb>ſolùm in centro, ſeu in medio, quod idem ſit cen<lb></lb>trum, ſeu medium Telluris. </s> <s id="id.000778">At primùm, licet con<lb></lb>cedatur habere mundum centrum, ſeu medium; <lb></lb>non ſequitur nihilominùs poſſe illud infimum dici; <lb></lb>vt neque licet vmbilicus ſit media in homine pars, di<lb></lb>ci proptereà infima poteſt Et ſanè, quod opponi<lb></lb>tur medio, non ſupremum eſt, ſed extremum, ſunt<lb></lb>que ſupremum, & infimum oppoſitæ partes in eo<lb></lb>dem extremo; etiam in ipſa Terra; cuius locum me<lb></lb>dium non alia ratione infimum habemus, quam vt <lb></lb>ipſam (ſic loqui liceat) infimitatem bipartiamur, qua <lb></lb>nos antipodibus, antipodes nobis infimi videntur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000779">Deinde, ecquis dicere valeat, an, & qualis ſit pars mun<lb></lb>di extrema, ac proinde an, & vbi ſit illius centrum, <lb></lb>ſeu medium; præſertìm verò cùm videamus non abs <lb></lb>ratione controuerſi, moueantur-ne fixæ circa Ter<lb></lb>ram, an-non; & ſint-ne omnes in eadem ſuperficie, <pb pagenum="115" xlink:href="027/01/114.jpg"></pb>vel potiùs (inſtar planetarum, qui in eadem eſſe ap<lb></lb>parent, neque tamen ſunt) longiùs, & remotiùs in <lb></lb>immenſum diſperſæ? </s> <s id="id.000780">Nimirúm ex quo tanta eſt di<lb></lb>ſtantia, vt viſus noſter diſcernere intercepta ſpatia <lb></lb>non poſſit, apparent ipſi omnia eiuſdem eſſe diſtan<lb></lb>tiæ, omnia in eadem circumferentia, cuius ipſe cen<lb></lb>trum ſit, vbi ſe conuertens ea circumſpectârit: adeò <lb></lb>vt, ſiue in Luna, ſiue in Sole, ſiue in quacumque <lb></lb>parte immenſi huius ſpatij te conſtitutum eſſe fingas, <lb></lb>perinde ſis judicaturus & Mundum eſſe ſphæricum, <lb></lb>& exſiſtere te in centro eius circumferentiæ, in qua <lb></lb>& omnia ſidera, & quæcumque demùm procùl vi<lb></lb>deris, imaginére conſtituta. </s> <s id="id.000781">Dignum eſt certè admi<lb></lb>ratione ipſos Planetas, ex quibus ſolis, vt nobis vi<lb></lb>cinioribus, conjecturam quandam licet capere, ad<lb></lb>mitti à non-nemine habere motus excentricos, ſeu <lb></lb>quorum centrum alibi, quàm in centro Telluris ſit; <lb></lb>& Terræ tamen centrum id vulgò haberi, circa quod <lb></lb>globorum cæleſtium circumductiones peragantur? <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000782">Heinc proinde dico neſciri à nobis, an dum terrena <lb></lb>corpora, vbi ſemota fuerint, referuntur in ipſam <lb></lb>Terram, ferantur ſimùl in centrum Mundi; & <lb></lb>quamuis fortaſſè ferantur, eſſe id tamen ex acci<lb></lb>denti; vti eſt etiam ex accidenti, quod in centrum <lb></lb>Terræ ipſius ferantur, in quo, tanquam in mero <lb></lb>puncto neque recipi, neque quietem aſſequi va<lb></lb>leant. </s> <s id="id.000783">Scilicet tendunt per ſe in Terram, veluti in <lb></lb>totum, ac principium ſuum, ipſamque aſſequutæ <lb></lb>ita conquieſcunt, vt peruenire pręterà ad vſque cen<lb></lb>trum non magis curent, quàm infans, vbi ſe recepit <pb pagenum="116" xlink:href="027/01/115.jpg"></pb>in ſuæ nutricis gremium, petere prætereà eius inte<lb></lb>ranea. </s> <s id="id.000784">Ex accidenti verò eſt, quòd dirigantur ſi<lb></lb>mùl in centrum, quatenus tendentes in Terram per <lb></lb>breuiſſimam lineam, contingit hanc lineam, ſi pro<lb></lb>ducta intelligatur, tranſire per centrum; vti ex acci<lb></lb>denti eſt, quòd dum ego heinc contendo Pariſios, <lb></lb>Caletum verſus dirigar, de quo tamen non cogito, <lb></lb>quatenùs eadem via eſt, quæ continüata perducit <lb></lb>Caletum. </s> <s id="id.000785">Non repeto porrô quæ ſunt circa attra<lb></lb>ctionem deducta; elicio ſolum grauitatem, quæ eſt <lb></lb>in ipſis partibus Terræ, terreniſve corporibus, non <lb></lb>tam eſſe vim inſitam, quàm ex attractu Terræ im<lb></lb>preſſam; idque poſſe intelligi adjuncto exemplo ip<lb></lb>ſius magnetis. </s> <s id="id.000786">Accipito enim, & contineto manu la<lb></lb>minulam ferri paucarum vnciarum. </s> <s id="id.000787">Si ſupponatur <lb></lb>deinde manui magnes aliquis robuſtiſſimus, expe<lb></lb>riere pondus non iam vnciarum, ſed librarum aliquot <lb></lb>eſſe. </s> <s id="id.000788">Et quia fatebere hoc pondus non tam eſſe inſi<lb></lb>tum ferro, quàm impreſſum ex attractione magne<lb></lb>tis manui ſuppoſiti; idcircô vbi agitur de pondere <lb></lb>ſeu grauitate lapidis, alteriuſve corporis terreni, in<lb></lb>telligi poteſt ea grauitas non tam conuenire huiuſ<lb></lb>modi corpori ex ſe, quàm ex attractione ſuppoſitæ <lb></lb>Terræ. </s> <s id="id.000789">Quippe & finge quoties ferrum manu ſu<lb></lb>ſtentaſti fuiſſe magnetem ſuppoſitum, quod ſuppo<lb></lb>ſitum tamen ignorares, crederes omninô eiuſmodi <lb></lb>pondus eſſe inſitum ipſi ferro, quod eſſet tamen at<lb></lb>tractitium: quid ni igitur idem poſſis de lapide <lb></lb>credere, quòd illum nunquam ſuſtentâtis ſine Terra <lb></lb>ſuppoſita, quam neſcieris eſſe magnetem ingentem? <pb pagenum="117" xlink:href="027/01/116.jpg"></pb>Vt hoc obiter heic attingam; dum vides maiorem <lb></lb>grauitatem, ſiue attractionem imprimi ſerro à ma<lb></lb>gnete, quàm ab ipſa Terra (à qua etiam magnes, <lb></lb>dum ſuſpenditur, ferrum abducit) non id videtur <lb></lb>eſſe aliunde, quàm ex eo, quòd virtus attractrix eſt <lb></lb>in magnete collectior, atque adeò intenſior pro mo<lb></lb>dulo corporis, quàm in ipſo corpore Terræ, in quo <lb></lb>extenſior eſt, neque in ſingulis partibus, ſed in to<lb></lb>to ſolùm explicatur quanta eſt tota; eo modo, quo <lb></lb>ſi linguam grano ſalis admoueas, id ipſam poten<lb></lb>tius afficiet, quàm oceanus; non quod totus ocea<lb></lb>nus ſalſedinis amplius non habeat, ſed quòd ſal<lb></lb>ſedo in oceano diffuſior ſit, neque, quà linguam ad<lb></lb>moues, adeò collecta, & explicita, ac in grano <lb></lb>vnico ſalis. </s> <s id="id.000790">Magnetem, & ferrum vt mittam, cùm <lb></lb>grauitas lapidis in Terram cadentis intendatur, & ex <lb></lb>nouorum graduum acceſſione maior euadat; ac iſta <lb></lb>intenſio, ſeu graduum acceſſio non videatur aliun<lb></lb>de eſſe, quàm ex ipſa Terræ attractione (adjuncta <lb></lb>modo expoſito impulſione aëris) ecquid nam pro<lb></lb>babilius eſt, quàm gradum grauitatis primum, la<lb></lb>pidique nondum moto conuenientem, ex eadem eſſe <lb></lb>attractione? </s> <s id="id.000791">Eadem ſanè eſt grauitatis ſpecies, neque <lb></lb>qualitas vlla meliùs, quàm à congenea intenditur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000792">An interim forte hærebis, quòd de leuitate grauita<lb></lb>ti oppoſita, nonnulliſque corporibus conueniente <lb></lb>nihil intermiſceam? </s> <s id="id.000793">Sed facio nempe, quòd leuitas <lb></lb>nihil aliud ſit quàm grauitas minor; ſicque hæ duæ <lb></lb>ſint <expan abbr="quālitates">qualitates</expan>, ſeu proprietates corporum non ab<lb></lb>ſolutæ, ſed reſpectiuæ; quatenùs nempe vnum cor-<pb pagenum="118" xlink:href="027/01/117.jpg"></pb>pus dicitur graue reſpectu leuioris, & leue reſpectu <lb></lb>grauioris, ſicque leue eſt, quod eſt minùs graue, <lb></lb>& graue, quod eſt minùs leue. </s> <s id="id.000794">Vt exemplo dicam, <lb></lb>comparentur lapis, aqua, oleum, aër, ignis, quæ <lb></lb>terrena eſſe corpora priùs diximus. </s> <s id="id.000795">Obſeruabis aquam <lb></lb>ſupra Terræ ſuperficiem, vt in lacu, foſſa, aut, ſi <lb></lb>velis, intra lebetem planè quieſcere: verùm ſi la<lb></lb>pis immittatur, is ad imum ita deſcendet, vt aqua <lb></lb>cedens locum, aſcendat. </s> <s id="id.000796">Sic oleum in eodem va<lb></lb>ſe optimè quieſcet: ſed infundatur aqua, ea petet <lb></lb>fundum, & oleum ſummum. </s> <s id="id.000797">In eodem vaſe non <lb></lb>ſit liquor, quieſcet in illo optimè aër: ſubeat oleum; <lb></lb>id deorſùm tendet, & aër ſurſùm. </s> <s id="id.000798">Denique ignis <lb></lb>ſuápte naturâ ipſi Terræ incumberet; at quia immi<lb></lb>net, circumſtatque aër; ideò is viciniam Terræ appe<lb></lb>tit, & cogitur ignis ex Terra abire. </s> <s id="id.000799">Ita corpora iſta <lb></lb>omnia dicentur grauia, & leuia comparatè, ſeu reſ<lb></lb>pectiuè; & lapis quidem grauiſſimus, quia maximè <lb></lb>omnium attrahitur; ſiue minimè omnium leuis, quia <lb></lb>minimùm abducitur: aqua verò, quæ reſpectu la<lb></lb>pidis leuis eſt, grauis erit reſpectu olei; & oleum le<lb></lb>ue reſpectu aquæ, erit graue reſpectu aëris; & aër le<lb></lb>uis reſpectu olei, grauis erit reſpectu ignis: ignis <lb></lb>poſtremò omnium leuiſſimus cenſebitur, quia ma<lb></lb>ximè omnium attollitur; ſiue omnium minimè gra<lb></lb>uis, quia ex omnibus, quæ attrahuntur à Terra, <lb></lb>trahitur ipſe minimùm. </s> <s id="id.000800">Heinc quia difficultas eſt de <lb></lb>ſolo igne; non eſt, cur dum ſurſùm contendit, exi<lb></lb>ſtimes illum ſuam, vt vulgò dicunt, quærere ſphæ<lb></lb>ram (ad quam non ignis ex omnibus ſiluis perue-<pb pagenum="119" xlink:href="027/01/118.jpg"></pb>nire vnquam potis ſit) quippe ſurſùm non tam vi <lb></lb>propria, quàm ab aëre impulſus contendit. </s> <s id="id.000801">Niſi <lb></lb>fortaſſis vbi oleum in fundo maris fuerit, dicas illud <lb></lb>ſurſùm conniti, vt quærat ſphæram oleagineam, <lb></lb>quæ ſit ſupra aquam; potiùſquàm ab aqua ſur<lb></lb>ſùm adigi, ſeu à vicinia Terræ expelli, à qua ſanè non <lb></lb>emergeret, niſi aqua ſubterueniret? </s> <s id="id.000802">Aut niſi in le<lb></lb>betem aqua ſemiplenum, & in vertice montis edi<lb></lb>tiſſimi conſtitutum lapillos inijciens, dicas aquam <lb></lb>aſcendere, vt ſurſùm inueniat ſphæram aqueam, <lb></lb>potiùſquàm à lapide abigi, propellique à lebetis <lb></lb>fundo? </s> <s id="id.000803">Aut niſi, cùm ignis inuolat in pabulum <lb></lb>ſuppoſitum, dicas illum in ſuam deſcendere ſphæ<lb></lb>ram, ſimiliterque aerem in ſuam, quoties puteus <lb></lb>effoditur, tubuluſve vacuus in Terram defigitur per <lb></lb>tranſuerſam aquam? </s> <s id="id.000804">Aut niſi potiùs ipſe aër non <lb></lb>tam naturaliter ſupra Terram, quàm ſupra aquam <lb></lb>requieſcit; putaſque ſphæram aëris ita eſſe neceſſa<lb></lb>riò ſupra aquam, vt in tot iſtis regionibus, in qui<lb></lb>bus ſupra aquam non eſt, cum violentia detinea<lb></lb>tur? </s> <s id="id.000805">Sed ſi probari tibi requiras, quomodò ignis <lb></lb>pellatur ſurſùm ab aëre; conſidera vt ignis in cami<lb></lb>no non ardeat, ſi tam ianuas, quam feneſtras omneis <lb></lb>ita perfectè occluſeris, vt ne per minimam quidem <lb></lb>rimulam ſubingredi aër in cameram poſſit. </s> <s id="id.000806">Nempe <lb></lb>niſi aër ſit, qui ſuccedat in locum illius, qui ignem <lb></lb>ſurſùm abigit, nulla fiet (vnde & ignis extinguetur) <lb></lb>abactio; fiet autem vbi libertate ingrediendi aëri ex<lb></lb>terno facta, aër interior habebit ponè alium, qui ſi<lb></lb>bi ignem inſequenti ſuccedat, & cameram compleat; <pb pagenum="120" xlink:href="027/01/119.jpg"></pb>Permirumque eſt, ſi cubiculum ſit contiguum, <lb></lb>quod oſtiolo, rimuliſve cum camera communicet, <lb></lb>& clauſis feneſtris caminum ſolùm apertum habeat, <lb></lb>ſuccedere aërem ex illo in cameram, dum alius in<lb></lb>tereà ſupernè, atque deforis in ipſius cubiculi cami<lb></lb>num inducitur, cuius ductus ſi ſit anguſtior, & ſub<lb></lb>jectus ignis igne camera inualidior, aër deſcendens <lb></lb>fumum repellet, cubiculumque fumo complebit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000807">Clarum eſt aliunde vt per hiemen ſedenti ad ignem <lb></lb>pedes antrorſum incaleſcant, ad calcem verò refri<lb></lb>gerentur; impetente ſcilicet calcem ipſo aere frigido, <lb></lb>qui extrinſecus ad ignem contendit. </s> <s id="id.000808">Conſidera <lb></lb>etiam quemadmodum ignis vehementius ardeat, ſi <lb></lb>ligna, aut carbones crate ferrea ſuſtententur, quàm <lb></lb>ſi focario lapidi, cineribuſve inſiſtant: quia videlicet <lb></lb>poteſt aër ſeſe meliûs ſupponere, & inter abigendum <lb></lb>ſurſùm ignem, ligna, carboneſve perflare: vnde & <lb></lb>Chymicorum fornax, quàm flatuoſam vocant, non <lb></lb>aliis eget follibus, quàm aëre ſubter appellente, & <lb></lb>ſuperexſtanteis carbones validiſſimo flatu ventilante. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000809">Atque ex his denique dico, eſſe quidem in Terra <lb></lb>motus rectos ſurſùm, & deorſùm; ſed illos eſſe par<lb></lb>tium proprios (vt ſunt etiam propriæ grauitas, & <lb></lb>leuitas) non verò proprios totius Terræ, ipſique po<lb></lb>tiùs tam grauitatis, quàm leuitatis experti, ſphæ<lb></lb>ricáque formâ tornatæ, circularem motum aut com<lb></lb>petere, aut non repugnare. </s> <s id="id.000810">Rem declararem exem<lb></lb>plo nauis, in qua qui aſcendunt, exſcenduntque, & <lb></lb>quæ attolluntur, deprimunturque omnia non ob<lb></lb>ſtant, quò minùs nauis ſuum curſum eat; verum res <pb pagenum="121" xlink:href="027/01/120.jpg"></pb>eſt iam ſatis inculcata, præſtat que vt à pari intelliga<lb></lb>tur in Luna, aut quouis alio Mundano globo, in <lb></lb>quo centrum ſit, & extremum, & in quo partes re<lb></lb>ctà moueri abſque impedimento circulatis, ac ge<lb></lb>neralis motus poſſint. </s> <s id="id.000811">Nemo certè neget in Luna <lb></lb>eſſe vim continentem partium, atque adeò ipſa<lb></lb>rummet, ſi ſejungantur, retrahentem ſit que ad<lb></lb>mitti poſſe in partibus Lunæ grauitatem, & leui<lb></lb>tatem, ac motus ſurſùm, deorſùmque, abſque eo, <lb></lb>quòd Luna ſecundum ſe totam ſit grauis, aut leuis, <lb></lb>& recto feratur, non circulari motu. </s> <s id="id.000812">Quæſo porrô, <lb></lb>ſi nihil Lunam æthere ſolo circum datam moueri in <lb></lb>orbem repugnat; quid repugnare poſſit, quò mi<lb></lb>nùs ipſa quoque Terra in orbem feratur, quam præ<lb></lb>ter ætherem (aut ſi velis, ipſum aërem) nihil cir<lb></lb>cumambit? </s> <s id="id.000813">An-non, ſi ingens globus plumbeus, <lb></lb>vbi fuerit funi prælongo appenſus, nullo negotio <lb></lb>moueri poteſt, quòd vis illum deorſùm ferens ſit <lb></lb>á fune edomita, ac veluti nulla; poterit ipſe globus <lb></lb>Telluris moueri longè faciliùs, nulla inexſiſtente vi, <lb></lb>quæ ipſum aliquorsùm ferat? </s> <s id="id.000814">Quòd ſi putes ipſum <lb></lb>à centro teneri; finge Intelligentiam ſubuexiſſe illum <lb></lb>à centro, & congruo fune ſuſpendiſſe; an non tunc <lb></lb>ſaltem fune edomante illius in centrum propenden-<lb></lb>tiam, foret motu facillimus, ſi modo quis eſſet, <lb></lb>qui extra ipſum conſiſtens impellere poſſet à Ec<lb></lb>quam verò poteſt majorem habere ad motum reſi<lb></lb>ſtentiam, ſi in centro fuerit ſuſpenſa per ſe, quàm <lb></lb>ſi extra centrum ſuſpendatur ab alio? </s> <s id="id.000815">An centro, <lb></lb>quod merum eſt punctum, quòd que vt magnitudine, <pb pagenum="122" xlink:href="027/01/121.jpg"></pb>ſic omni agendi vi caret, ſubeſſe poteſt vnde re<lb></lb>uinciat, cohibeat que molem hanc tantam? </s> <s id="id.000816">Et non<lb></lb>ne iure Archimedes depopoſcit ſolùm extra Ter<lb></lb>ram locum, in quo poſſet ſe ſiſtere, ratus ſe ex eo <lb></lb>moturum Terram? </s> <s id="id.000817">Quanquam, vt præmonui, iſta <lb></lb>obiter. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000818">IX. </s> <s id="id.000819">Multa ſunt prætereà, quæ obijci ſolent ex <lb></lb>apparente ipſius Solis, Planetarumque aliorum mo<lb></lb>tu per Zodiacum, ſiue ſub Zodiaco, vt impugnetur <lb></lb>annuus, quo moueri Terram per Zodiacum Co<lb></lb>pernicani aſſeuerant. </s> <s id="id.000820">Atque hoc quidem loco ex<lb></lb>plicandum forer illud ipſorum Syſtema, quo præ<lb></lb>cipuarum Mundi partium, ac in iis Telluris ſitus con<lb></lb>tinetur. </s> <s id="id.000821">Verumtamen habes tu iſteic Philolaüm rediui<lb></lb>uum, qui illud nuper non modo expoſuit, ſed quantùm <lb></lb>etiam fieri poteſt, geometrico more probauit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000822">Quare & mihi ſufficit illa hoc loco attingere, quæ <lb></lb>ad oſtendendum argumenti propoſiti imbecillitatem <lb></lb>conducunt. </s> <s id="id.000823">Primum igitur ſupponendum iuxta il<lb></lb>lorum ſententiam eſt, eſſe, aut appatere Mun<lb></lb>dum ſphæricæ figuræ; Solem eſſe in eius centro, <lb></lb>ex cóque non digredi: Fixas, vt vocant, ſtellas eſſe <lb></lb>in eiuſdem circumferentia, conſtaréque etiam im<lb></lb>motas. </s> <s id="id.000824">In ſpatio intermedio eſſe, ac moueri Plane<lb></lb>tas, & eo quidem ordine, vt proximè circa So<lb></lb>lem vertatur Mercurij ſidus intra menſeis circiter <lb></lb>treis; ſuccedat Venus, quæ intra nouem; tertio <lb></lb>loco ſit Tellus, quæ intra duodecim, ſiue annum <lb></lb>vnum; ſequatur Mars, qui intra annos proximè duos; <lb></lb>tum Iupiter; qui intra duodecim; ac poſtremò Sa-<pb pagenum="123" xlink:href="027/01/122.jpg"></pb><figure id="id.027.01.122.1.jpg" xlink:href="027/01/122/1.jpg"></figure><lb></lb>turnus, qui intra triginta. </s> <s id="id.000825">Cùmque circulus à Ter<lb></lb>ra deſcriptus ſatis amplo interſtitio heinc à circulo <lb></lb>Veneris, heinc à circulo Martis diſtet; idcircô in <lb></lb>hoc interſtitio ſpatium accipi, magnum orbem di<lb></lb>ctum, in quo circulus quaſi inſertus concipiatur, <lb></lb>cuius Terra centrum ſit, & ſecundum cuius ambi<lb></lb>tum Luna Terræ circumducatur menſtruo tempore; <lb></lb>dum intereà vna cum Terra circumducitur Soli in<lb></lb>tra annum. </s> <s id="id.000826">Et cum etiam circulus Iouis ſatis am<lb></lb>plo interuallo heinc à Martis, heinc à Saturni cir<lb></lb>culis diſtet; ideò concipi in hoc interuallo circellos <lb></lb>quatuor, ſecundum quos, & circa Iouem, vt circa <pb pagenum="124" xlink:href="027/01/123.jpg"></pb>ſuum centrum, ferantur quatuor quaſi Lunæ, ſiue <lb></lb>ſtelllulæ, ſidera Medicea dictæ, ſuis quæque perio<lb></lb>dis; dum intereà vnà cum Ioue conficiunt circa So<lb></lb>lem periodum duodecim annorum. </s> <s id="id.000827">Atque id qui<lb></lb>dem, ne memorem duas veluti Lunulas, ſiue anſu<lb></lb>las, quæ Saturni formam exhibent oblongam, <lb></lb>quaſque ſejungi ab eo, vt ſuas à Ioue Lunulas, <lb></lb>nondum planè conſtat. <emph type="italics"></emph>Secundò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> eam debere Mun<lb></lb>di amplitudinem concipi, vt quod ſpatium eſt à <lb></lb>Saturno vſque ad Fixas, ſit penè immenſum; tantum <lb></lb>ſcilicet, vt complexus omnium Planetarum cum So<lb></lb>le in medio, ſi in orbem formatum concipias, pun<lb></lb>ctum penè ſit reſpectu illius, appariturus nempe <lb></lb>ex Fixis quaſi vna aliqua ſtella; veluti complexus <lb></lb>quatuor Lunularum, ſeu Planetularum Iouialium <lb></lb>cum Ioue in medio, pro vna ſtella heinc reputatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000828">Saltem complexus Telluris per circulum annuum <lb></lb>tranſlatæ cum comprehenſis. </s> <s id="id.000829">Venere, Mercurio, <lb></lb>ac Sole in medio, ſi formatum ſimiliter in orbem, <lb></lb>ſeu globum concipias, concipiendus tantulus eſt, <lb></lb>habita ratione diſtantiæ Fixarum, vt ſpectatus ex <lb></lb>ipſis fixis appariturus fit quaſi punctum, ſeu quaſi <lb></lb>minima paruularum ſtellarum. </s> <s id="id.000830">Id ſanè valdè para<lb></lb>doxum, cùm ſemidiameter huius orbis (quem Ma<lb></lb>gnum iam Aſtronomi vocant) ſeu diſtantia quæ eſt <lb></lb>a Sole ad Terram, admittatur vulgò continere <lb></lb>Terræ ſemìdiametros propemodum mille, & ducen<lb></lb>tas. </s> <s id="id.000831">Sed conſidera primùm communem ſententiam <lb></lb>non diffiteri quin ſaltem Terra, quantacumque no<lb></lb>bis appareat, ſit veluti punctum, comparata ad <pb pagenum="125" xlink:href="027/01/124.jpg"></pb>firmamentum, ſeu cælum ſtellatum, quod Tycho <lb></lb>diſtare à Terra admittit terrenis ſemidiametris qua<lb></lb>ter decies mille. </s> <s id="id.000832">Conſidera ſecundò hanc diſtan<lb></lb>tiam non obſeruatione, ſed conjectura, & mero <lb></lb>arbitratu aſſumi: quoniam cum ægrè emetiri liceat <lb></lb>diſtantiam, quæ eſt heinc vſque ad Saturnum, quòd <lb></lb>nos parallaxis, vt vocant, deficiat (hoc eſt, quòd <lb></lb>tanta magnitudo, quanta eſt Terræ ſemidiameter, <lb></lb>ex cuius comparatione cæleſtia ſpatia menſuramus, <lb></lb>non ampliùs appareat, ſed ad viſum planè, ob <lb></lb>nimiam elongationem euaneſcat) neceſſe eſt quic<lb></lb>quid ſpatiorum eſt vltra Saturnum, menſuram om<lb></lb>nem fugiat, &, ſi quiſpiam definiat, pro mero arbi<lb></lb>trio id faciat. </s> <s id="id.000833">Conſidera rurſùs, non eſſe proinde, <lb></lb>cur communìs ſententia aſſumat diſtantiam huiuſ<lb></lb>cemodi; & Pythagoreorum, Copernicanorumve <lb></lb>ſententiæ non liceat aſſumere diſtantiam millies aut <lb></lb>etiam decies millies maiorem. </s> <s id="id.000834">Nam, vt illa argu<lb></lb>mentatur non eſſe, cur cenſeamus Deum facere <lb></lb>voluiſſe Mundum adeò vaſtum; ſic iſta, non eſſe, <lb></lb>cur cenſeamus Deum facere voluiſſe adeò anguſtum; <lb></lb>& cùm neutra probare experientia, ſeu obſeruatio<lb></lb>ne poſſit quid Deo placuerit; videtur poſterior, <lb></lb>dum naturæ rerum majeſtatem amplificat, com<lb></lb>mendare magis & potentiam; & magnificentiam <lb></lb>Opificis ſummi, quàm prior. </s> <s id="id.000835">At, inquies, ſi tanta <lb></lb>Fixarum diſtantia ſtatuatur, vt hic magnus Telluris <lb></lb>orbis Venerem, Mercurium, & Solem complectens <lb></lb>pro puncto habeatur, fore ergo Solem tantò ma<lb></lb>gis punctum; quare neque fore, vt Sol ſit ex Fi-<pb pagenum="126" xlink:href="027/01/125.jpg"></pb>xis conſpicuus, poſſitque & fixas ipſas illuſtrare, <lb></lb>& vniuerſum mundum ſua luce complere. </s> <s id="id.000836">Verùm <lb></lb>quamuis diameter Solis ex fixis ſpectati, non fuerit <lb></lb>niſi pars ducenteſima diametri magni orbis; pote<lb></lb>rit nihilominùs Sol apparere tantus, quantus eſt <lb></lb>ipſe orbis, aut etiam tota regio Planetaria, quam<lb></lb>uis eius diameter ſit decuplò major; idque ob lu<lb></lb>cem vegetam, diffuſoſque ipſius radios, quibus <lb></lb>oculus afficiendus erit, ea ratione, qua flammula <lb></lb>candelæ noctu ſpectata ignis ingens procùl appa<lb></lb>ret. </s> <s id="id.000837">Talis radiorum circumfuſio affingit ſtellis om<lb></lb>nibus magnitudinem, ambitumve majorem, quàm <lb></lb>reuerâ ſit; cùm nulla ſit fixa, cuius vera diameter <lb></lb>non comprobetur quam-plurimis vicibus minor ap<lb></lb>parente; & Planetæ quoque (tametſi ſint lucis lon<lb></lb>gè obtuſioris) diametro appareant aliquot vicibus <lb></lb>majore, quàm ſint, vt Mercurius circiter nouem, <lb></lb>quemadmodum exmea illa obſeruatione conſtitit. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000838">Quare & quemadmodum ſtella <gap></gap>is cum diametro <lb></lb>minore ſit, quàm ſint diametri circellorum à Pla<lb></lb>netulis eius deſcriptorum, apparet nihilominùs tan<lb></lb>ta vt eiuſcemodi circellos ſua luce compleat; ita <lb></lb>Sol licet, diametro minor, quàm magnus iſte or<lb></lb>bis ſit, poterit nihilominùs apparere tantus, vt com<lb></lb>pleat ſuis radiis totum illius interuallum, ac inter<lb></lb>uallum etiam totius regionis Planetariæ, & tantus <lb></lb>eſſe, quanta ipſa videatur. </s> <s id="id.000839">Et fac non omninô com<lb></lb>plere; ſeu etiam prorſùs non videri; quàm multæ <lb></lb>quæſo ſtellæ ſunt, quæ videri à nobis ob immen<lb></lb>ſam longinquitatem non poſſunt (ſaltem teleſco-<pb pagenum="127" xlink:href="027/01/126.jpg"></pb>pium multas retegit nudo oculo inconſpicuas) cum <lb></lb>non poſſit tamen ratione oſtendi vllam eſſe ſtellam <lb></lb>adeò paruam, cuius amplitudo amplitudini Solis <lb></lb>cedat? </s> <s id="id.000840">Quòd Sol autem debeat fœnerari lucem to<lb></lb>ti Mundo, & ſtellas etiam fixas illuſtrare, id aſſu<lb></lb>mitur, non probatur; & nos, qui ob eius viciniam <lb></lb>colluſtramur tantoperè, id ipſi attribuimus, quod <lb></lb>potiore fortaſſis jure attribueremus Caniculæ, ſi <lb></lb>foremus æquè vicini, & ab ipſo Sole, quantum <lb></lb>nunc à Canicula, diſtaremus. </s> <s id="id.000841">Nam verum eſt qui<lb></lb>dem Planetas mutuari ſuam lucem à Sole; at Fixæ, <lb></lb>quarum ſcintillatio, atque candicantia Solaris per<lb></lb>ſimilis eſt, videntur omninô de ſuo collucere, <lb></lb>eſſéque totidem quaſi Soles, quos Deus in illa <lb></lb>ſpatiorum immenſitate collocatos voluerit, ob fi<lb></lb>neis nobis incompertos; vt incompertum etiam eſt <lb></lb>ob quem finem volüerit ſtellas eſſe totque, & tantas, <lb></lb>ac eo ſitu, eaque diſtantia, quæ ſolet vulgo aſſeri. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Tertiò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ſupponendum, quod eſt pervulgatum, <lb></lb>quódque ab initio iam attigimus, conuenire glo<lb></lb>bo Telluris motum duplicem, diurnum, & annuum. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000842">Diurnus eſt, de quo iam multa; is nimirùm eſt, <lb></lb>qui competit Terræ, quatenus circa proprium axem <lb></lb>intra viginti quatuor horas ita vertitur, vt certam <lb></lb>Terræ partem (veluti iſtam, in qua nos ſumus) <lb></lb>nunc ad Solem conuertens, diem illi creet; nunc à <lb></lb>Sole auertens, noctem illi faciat. </s> <s id="id.000843">Annuus vero eſt, <lb></lb>quo Terra, dum circa ſeipſam gyratur, promo<lb></lb>uetur intereà in ortum ſub Zodiaco, centrùmque <lb></lb>illius intelligitur ſenſim deſcribere iam memora-<pb pagenum="128" xlink:href="027/01/127.jpg"></pb>tum circa Solem circulum, quem intra annum <lb></lb>conficiat; ita vt circa ſeipſam reuoluatur trecentis <lb></lb>ſexaginta quinque periodis, dum intereà non niſi <lb></lb>vnam periodum circa Solem abſoluit. </s> <s id="id.000844">Fit iſtud <lb></lb>porrô ad eum modum, quo trochus, ſeu tur<lb></lb>bo puerorum circumductâ ſenticâ in pauimentum <lb></lb>adactus ita gyratur circa ſeipſum, ſiue axem <lb></lb>proprium, vt etiam diſcurrat, circelloſque in pa<lb></lb>uimento deſcribat: pluries enim ſibi circumvolui<lb></lb>tur, dum intereà aliquem exarat circellum. </s> <s id="id.000845">Si ve<lb></lb>lis quoque, id ſimile eſt, ac dum ambulans ſic di<lb></lb>gitum moues, vt ſi eo deſcriberes in aëre medio <lb></lb>continenteis circellos. </s> <s id="id.000846">Quemadmodum enim di<lb></lb>gitus, dum ſecundum viam transfertur, ſibi ipſi va<lb></lb>riè circumducitur; ſic Terra, dum pergit per annu<lb></lb>am illam ſemitam circumit, intereà ſuum axem <lb></lb>trecenties, & ſexagies quinquies. </s> <s id="id.000847">Quoniam verò <lb></lb>is circulus, quem motu annuo Terra deſcribit, ha<lb></lb>bet heinc Solem, inde illam fixarum regionem, <lb></lb>ſecundum quam ſigna Zodiaci diſpoſita ſunt; eam <lb></lb>ob rem ſit, vt cùm Terra eſt verſus <expan abbr="Arictẽ">Arictem</expan>, habeat So<lb></lb>lem verſus Libram; & cùm Terra tranſit ex Ariete in <lb></lb><expan abbr="Taurũ">Taurum</expan>, appareat Sol tranſire ex Libra in Scorpionem; <lb></lb>ſicque dum Terra eſt in vno ſigno, Sol dicatur <lb></lb>eſſe in oppoſito; Terráque reipſa percurrat Zodia<lb></lb>cum, ſeu Eclipticam, & Sol percurrat apparenter. <lb></lb><emph type="italics"></emph>Quartò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> præter duos eiuſmodi motus, attribui Ter<lb></lb>ræ tertium, qui inclinationis, ſeu declinationis di<lb></lb>citur: tametſi reipſà nihil aliud eſt, quàm conti<lb></lb>nentia Æquatoris, atque adeò axis terreni in ſui-ip-<pb pagenum="129" xlink:href="027/01/128.jpg"></pb>ſius paralleliſmo. </s> <s id="id.000848">Scilicet non eſt concipiendum <lb></lb>centrum Terræ ita ferri per Eclipticam in memo<lb></lb>rato magno orbe conceptam, vt reuolutiones diur<lb></lb>næ ſecundum ipſam, ipſiuſve ductum, aut lon<lb></lb>gitudinem fiant: neque enim Terræ æquator coit <lb></lb>in planum Eclipticæ, aut axis terrenus in Firma<lb></lb>mentum vſque continüari intellectus, intelligitur <lb></lb>deſcribere heinc inde circumductione annua, & cir<lb></lb>ca Eclipticæ polos, duos circulos eiuſdem magni<lb></lb>tudinis cum eo, quem in magno orbe centrum Ter<lb></lb>ræ deſcribit. </s> <s id="id.000849">Verùm ita eſt concipiendum, vt reuo<lb></lb>lutiones diurnæ ſint parallelæ omnes cum ea, quæ <lb></lb>peragitur, dum Terra eſt in æquinoctialibus pun<lb></lb>ctis, coitque in planum eius æquatoris, qui in eo<lb></lb>dem magno orbe concipitur: quippe æquator <lb></lb>Terræ tuetur ſemper ſitum parallelum cum eo, <lb></lb>quem habet in eiuſcemodi punctis; & axis pro<lb></lb>inde ipſius ita manet ſemper ſibi ipſi parallelus, vt <lb></lb>in Firmamentum vſque continüari intellectus, in<lb></lb>telligatur deſcribere circumductione annua circa <lb></lb>vocatos mundi polos, duos circulos tantos, quan<lb></lb>tùs eſt æquator ipſe magni orbis. </s> <s id="id.000850">Id licebit perci<lb></lb>pere ex Copernicana machinali ſphæra; ſed niſi <lb></lb>fortè ad manum ſit, accipito ſphæram vulgarem, <lb></lb>habetoque eius Eclipticam pro Ecliptica magni or<lb></lb>bis, & æquatorem pro æquatore eiuſdem orbis; & <lb></lb>cum globulum, qui in centro eſt, Terramque vul<lb></lb>gò repræſentat, pro Sole habueris, habeto extre<lb></lb>ma axis per ipſum traducti, & in cælum vſque con<lb></lb>tinuati pro iam vocatis polis mundi. </s> <s id="id.000851">Vſurpato dein-<pb pagenum="130" xlink:href="027/01/129.jpg"></pb>de alium globulum, qui repræſentare Terræ glo<lb></lb>bum poſſit, ſcilicet traducto radiolo, ſeu axiculo; <lb></lb>& circello medio, ſeu æquatore ſupra ipſum deſ<lb></lb>cripto. </s> <s id="id.000852">Applicato hunc globulum ſupra interſectio<lb></lb>nem, ſeu punctum æquinoctiale ſphæræ, & ita con<lb></lb>ſtituito, vt æquator globuli ſit in eodem plano, ſiue <lb></lb>congruat cum æquatore ſphæræ, axiſque illius ſit <lb></lb>axi ſphæræ parallelus. </s> <s id="id.000853">Globulum ibi, ac in eo ſitu <lb></lb>circa axem reuoluito, ac deinde ipſum reuoluere <lb></lb>continenter pergens ſenſim promoueto ſecundum <lb></lb>Eclipticam, ac verſus ſolſtitiale punctum; ſed ita <lb></lb>tamen, vt æquator globuli maneat ſemper paral<lb></lb>lelus æquatori ſphæræ, & axis illius, axi huius. </s> <s id="id.000854">De<lb></lb>ducito pari ratione in aliud æquinoctium, & porrô <lb></lb>per ſolſtitium aliud, perducito ad æquinoctium prius, <lb></lb>ſeruato eodem paralleliſmo. </s> <s id="id.000855">Tum demùm concipies <lb></lb>quod dictum eſt de ipſa Terra per Eclipticam ma<lb></lb>gni orbis ita tranſlata, vt eius æquator continea<lb></lb>tur ſemper & æquatori magni orbis, & ſibi ipſi pa<lb></lb>rallelus; & axis axi magni orbis, ſibique ipſi ſimi<lb></lb>liter. </s> <s id="id.000856">Quin-etiam, vt ſi oppoſueris ipſos ſphæræ <lb></lb>polos parietibus oppoſitis, & conceperis axem <lb></lb>ſphæræ vtrimque ad parietes continuatum deſignare <lb></lb>in ipſis duo puncta oppoſita, concipies ſimùl axi<lb></lb>culum globuli continüari intellectum ad eoſdem <lb></lb>vſque parietes deſcribere vna ſui circumductione <lb></lb>per Eclipticam, & circa deſignata puncta, duos <lb></lb>circulos æquatori ſphæræ æqualeis: Pari prorſùs mo<lb></lb>do id intelliges, quod dictum eſt de circulis in Fir<lb></lb>mamenti fornice heinc inde deſcriptis circa polos <pb pagenum="131" xlink:href="027/01/130.jpg"></pb>mundi: adeò vt, quemadmodum axiculus globuli <lb></lb>continuatus, & circumductus, intelligitur per me<lb></lb>dium muſæoli ſpatium deſcribere quaſi columnam, <lb></lb>cuius baſes ſint memorati in parietibus circuli; ita <lb></lb>intelligere liceat immanem quandam quaſi colum<lb></lb>nam per magni orbis ſpatia ab axe Terræ conti<lb></lb>nüato, circumductoque deſcribi, cuius baſes ſint <lb></lb>circuli illi iam repetiti in Firmamenti fornice. <emph type="italics"></emph>Quintò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>denique huiuſmodi motum, ſiue continentiam in <lb></lb>paralleliſmo ita fieri, vt tantillum tamen, ſeu inſen<lb></lb>ſibiliter lentior ſit ipſo motu centri; efficiaturque, <lb></lb>vt centro Terræ ad idem æquinoctiale punctum re<lb></lb>deunte, æquator ſecet Eclipticam nonnihil cite<lb></lb>rius, ac faciat cum illa angulum inclinationis, ſeu <lb></lb>declinationis maximum, aliquantò antecedenter. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000857">Non quòd angulus inclinationis non ſit ſemper idem, <lb></lb>aut æqualis, quódque æquator Terræ, axiſque ip<lb></lb>ſius non ſit ſemper ſibi ipſi parallelus; ſed quòd <lb></lb>huiuſmodi angulus, ſiue interſectio ſit mobilis, <lb></lb>fiatque ſenſim in aliis, aliiſque Eclipticæ punctis <lb></lb>(idque regrediendo, ſiue procedendo contra ſigno<lb></lb>rum ſeriem, hoc eſt ab Ariete in Piſces, aut à Li<lb></lb>bra in Virginem) quódque Ecliptica exſiſtente im<lb></lb>mobili, tum æquatoris planum per ipſam decur<lb></lb>rere intelligatur; tum poli æquatoris ſeu mundi <lb></lb>intelligantur lentè moueri, idque regrediendo circa <lb></lb>polos Eclipticæ, ſeruatâ ſemper eadem diſtantiâ. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000858">Quî id fieri valeat, vt poſſis quadamtenùs concipere, <lb></lb>duc etiam circellum in memorato globulo, qui <lb></lb>repręſentet Eclipticam, & æquinoctiale eius pun-<pb pagenum="132" xlink:href="027/01/131.jpg"></pb>ctum ita applica æquinoctiali ſphæræ puncto, vt æ<lb></lb>quator cum æquatore, & Ecliptica cum Ecliptica <lb></lb>congruat. </s> <s id="id.000859">Axiculum per eum traductum axi globi <lb></lb>æqualem fac, & vtrique eius extremo filum alliga, <lb></lb>quod aliunde ſit polo Eclipticæ defixum. </s> <s id="id.000860">Tum, ſi <lb></lb>globulum retro, ſeu in antecedentia ita moueris, <lb></lb>vt illius Ecliptica Eclipticæ ſphæræ ſemper con<lb></lb>gruat, obſeruabis vt eius æquator Eclipticam con<lb></lb>tinuò ſecet in antecedentibus punctis; ſed ſeruato <lb></lb>tamen codem inclinationis angulo, & axis extremis <lb></lb>tuentibus ſemper æqualem diſtantiam ab ipſis Ecli<lb></lb>pticæ polis. </s> <s id="id.000861">Haud abs re porrô hæc anteceſſio len<lb></lb>ta, ſeu lentiſſima potiùs dicitur, quandò vna eius <lb></lb>periodus non abſoluitur, niſi intra annos vicies quin<lb></lb>quies mille. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000862">X. </s> <s id="id.000863">Vt ex hiſce ſuppoſitis, ea quæ apparent, iam <lb></lb>attingam; Primùm apparet quidem Sol, quemad<lb></lb>modum iam diximus, moueri per Zodiacum; ſed <lb></lb>vt nauis in medio mari circa immobilem nauim cir<lb></lb>cumducta apparet noſtro Mediterraneo (de quo <lb></lb>nempe eſt antè dictum) immota manere, & quæ <lb></lb>immota eſt, videtur intereà ipſi circumduci, qua<lb></lb>tenus nempe varias horizontis parteis ſucceſſiuè <lb></lb>obtegit, donec ipſa per oppoſitam fertur; ita <lb></lb>Terra, cui inhæremus, circa Solem immotum cir<lb></lb>cunducta, videri nobis poteſt immota, & Sol moue<lb></lb>ri circa ipſam, occulereque ſuccedenter omneis <lb></lb>parteis Zodiaci, quatenus Terra intereà oppoſitas <lb></lb>parteis ſuccedenter percurrit. </s> <s id="id.000864">Quare & cùm Terra <lb></lb>per medium Zodiacum incedens, circulum ſuo cen-<pb pagenum="133" xlink:href="027/01/132.jpg"></pb>tro deſcribat, qui Ecliptica linea dicitur, hæc ipſa <lb></lb>erit linea, quam Sol deſcribet apparenter; adeò <lb></lb>vt non modò aliorum Planetarum latitudines, con<lb></lb>figurationeſque eodem modo eueniant, ſiue Sol <lb></lb>reipſa moueatur, ſiue moueri ſolum appareat; ſed <lb></lb>eodem quoque modo Eclipſes tam Solis, quàm <lb></lb>Lunæ contingant. </s> <s id="id.000865">Quippe cùm Luna motu men<lb></lb>ſtruo ipſi Terræ circumferatur; efficitur eadem ra<lb></lb>tione, vt Terræ, ac Soli directè interpoſita lucem <lb></lb>Terræ eripiat; & Terram habens ſibi, ac Soli dire<lb></lb>ctè interpoſitam, eádem Solis luce per Terram pri<lb></lb>uetur. </s> <s id="id.000866">Nimirùm eadem inclinatione deſcribere po<lb></lb>teſt orbitam, quæ Eclipticam à Terra deſcriptam <lb></lb>duobus in locis interſecet, nodoſque Eclipticos fa<lb></lb>ciat. </s> <s id="id.000867">Neque videtur morari debere nos P<emph type="italics"></emph>rimò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><lb></lb>quod abſurdum eſſe videatur, fore ergo Terram <lb></lb>vnum ex Planetis, & magis quidem præcipuum, <lb></lb>quàm Lunam, eo modo, quo Iupiter eſt præ ſuis <lb></lb>Lunis Mediceis præcipuus. </s> <s id="id.000868">Siquidem Terra glo<lb></lb>boſa eſt, ſicut Planetæ cæteri; comparata eſt ad <lb></lb>motum, vt illi; lucem Solis perinde excipit, re<lb></lb>flectitque, & per illam, non ſecùs quàm illi, collu<lb></lb>cet: quemadmodùm probat lux illa debilior, quæ <lb></lb>in Luna tam recente, quàm ſeneſcente obſeruatur, <lb></lb>quámque non aliunde eſſe, quàm à Terra per<lb></lb>ſpicuum videtur vel ex eo, quod quando Luna <lb></lb>poſt primam & ante ſecundam quadraturam procul <lb></lb>eſt à loco reflexionis lucis Solaris, quæ à Terra <lb></lb>ſemper verſus Solem ſit, tum Luna ea luce omninô <lb></lb>priuatur. </s> <s id="id.000869">Prætereà locus congruus inter Venerem <pb pagenum="134" xlink:href="027/01/133.jpg"></pb>Martemque Terræ aſſignatur, in quo ſi illam po<lb></lb>ſuerimus, tum Planetarum præcipuorum diſpoſitio <lb></lb>mirè conſentit, conſequiturque adeò partium vni<lb></lb>uerſi concentus, tam ſecundum magnitudinem, <lb></lb>quàm ſecundum motum. </s> <s id="id.000870">Nam Mercurius eſt mi<lb></lb>nor Venere, Venus Terrâ, hæc Marte, Mars Ioue, <lb></lb>Iupiter Saturno; & Mercurius velociùs periodum <lb></lb>abſoluit, quàm Venus, hæc quàm Terra, ipſa quàm <lb></lb>Mars, Mars quàm Iupiter, ille quàm Saturnus: <lb></lb>at iuxta communem ſententiam videtur nihil eſſe, <lb></lb>fierive poſſe inordinatius. </s> <s id="id.000871">Quia, quod ad magni<lb></lb>tudinem ſpectat, Luna eſt minor Mercurio, hic <lb></lb>minor Venere, hæc incomparabiliter minor Sole, <lb></lb>Sol incomparabiliter major Marte, Mars minor in<lb></lb>comparabiliter Ioue, Iupiter Saturno aliquantò <lb></lb>major. </s> <s id="id.000872">Quod ad motum verò, Luna abſoluit perio<lb></lb>dum menſe, Mercurius, Venus, Sol omnes ſimùl <lb></lb>anno; Mars duobus annis, Iupiter duodecim, Sa<lb></lb>turnus triginta, Firmamentum vigeſies quinquies <lb></lb>mille, Nona ſphæra quaſi trepidando heinc mille <lb></lb>ſeptingentis, illeinc ter mille quadringentis; Pri<lb></lb>mum mobile horis viginti quatuor. </s> <s id="id.000873">Ad-hæc, tametſi <lb></lb>ſunt in Terra continentes, montes, valles, planities <lb></lb>inſulæ, iſthmi, promontoria, maria, freta, ſinus, <lb></lb>lacus, ſtagna, amnes, &c. </s> <s id="id.000874">ſimilia quoque appa<lb></lb>rent in Luna, veriſimileque eſt, ſi aliorum Planc<lb></lb>tarum diſcitam propè ſpectarentur, tamque magni <lb></lb>viderentur, vt partium diſtinctio, & diuerſitas obſer<lb></lb>uabilis poſſet effici, fore, vt ſui ſpeciem non diſ<lb></lb>ſimilem exhiberent. </s> <s id="id.000875">Neque morari debet. <emph type="italics"></emph>Secundò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb pagenum="135" xlink:href="027/01/134.jpg"></pb>quòd Terra per Zodiacum tranſlata, & non exſi<lb></lb>ſtente in centro, non videatur debere nobis in il<lb></lb>lius ſuperficie, ac in ipſa ſimùl ſuperficie orbis ma<lb></lb>gni exſiſtentibus, dimidium cæli fieri conſpicuum: <lb></lb>cùm tamen ſex ſigna ex Firmamenti Zodiaco ſupra <lb></lb>horizontem conſtanter appareant. </s> <s id="id.000876">Siquidem, vt iux<lb></lb>ta communem ſententiam globi terreni moles ni<lb></lb>hil obſtat, quò minùs cenſeamur videre hemiſphæ<lb></lb>rium integrum; quoniam linea ſecundum horizon<lb></lb>tem ſenſibilem in cælum vſque ſtellatum directè tra<lb></lb>ducta, in idem viſibile cæli punctum deſinit, in quod <lb></lb>linea ipſi parallela, quæ concipitur per centrum, vt <lb></lb>per horizontem rationalem traijci; quòd illæ nempe, <lb></lb>ob immenſam cæli diſtantiam, ſecundum ſenſum <lb></lb>coeant, ipſarumque intercapedo, tametſi æqualis <lb></lb>Terræ ſemidiametro, quaſi punctum ſit, ipſa que adeò <lb></lb>Terra ſit veluti punctum, in quo centrum, & ſuper<lb></lb>ficies adeò procùl non diſcernantur: Ita dici poteſt <lb></lb>magnum orbem, in cuius ſuperficie Terra deſcribit <lb></lb>circulum annuum, adeò exilem fieri, haberive, ex <lb></lb>antedictis, comparatum ad immenſam Fixarum à <lb></lb>Terra diſtantiam, vt linea recta ſecundum Terræ <lb></lb>horizontem ad fixas vſque continüata, in idem <lb></lb>viſibile punctum deſinat, in quod deſineret linea <lb></lb>ipſi parallela traducta per Solem in centro exſtan<lb></lb>tem; quaſi euaneſcente in tanta diſtantia interca<lb></lb>pedine illarum, tametſi exſiſtente æquali ipſi ſemi<lb></lb>diametro magni orbis; ipſóque adeò magno orbe <lb></lb>habito vt puncto, inter cuius centrum, & circum<lb></lb>ferentiam nullum diſcrimen ſenſibile ex loco tam <pb pagenum="136" xlink:href="027/01/135.jpg"></pb>procùl diſſito appareat. </s> <s id="id.000877">Neque morari debet <emph type="italics"></emph>Ter<lb></lb>tiò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quòd nobis in codem Terræ loco exſiſtentibus <lb></lb>non videantur debere ſemper eædem ſtellæ eſſe ver<lb></lb>ticales, eiuſdemque apparere magnitudinis; ſed <lb></lb>quas habemus quidem, magnaſque videmus ſupra <lb></lb>verticem, Terra exſiſtente in Cancro, commutaſſe <lb></lb>debere ſitum, appareréque minores Terrâ tranſlatâ <lb></lb>in Capricornum; ex quo rurſùs conſequatur, vt <lb></lb>non debeat ſemper nobis eſſe eadem, ſed nunc qui<lb></lb>dem elatior, nunc verò depreſſior Poli altitudo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000878">Siquidem expoſita antè axis Terreni continentia in <lb></lb>ſui parelleliſmo id pręſtat, vt quamuis Terra nunc <lb></lb>ad Cancrum accedat, nunc ad Capricornum rece<lb></lb>dat, iiſdem tamen partibus ſui Boream, Auſtrumque <lb></lb>reſpiciat, iiſdem parteis cœli intermedias; atque <lb></lb>adeò vt linea, quæ à centro Terræ per verticem <lb></lb>noſtrum in cælum vſque traducitur, terminetur ſem<lb></lb>per ad eaſdem ſtellas, ſiue viſibilia eadem cæli pun<lb></lb>cta. </s> <s id="id.000879">Viſibilia dico; nam in cælo quidem poteſt <lb></lb>tantum eſſe diſcriminis, ſiue diſtantiæ inter locum <lb></lb>terminantem lineam verticalem, Terra exſiſtente in <lb></lb>Tropico æſtiuo magni orbis, & locum terminan<lb></lb>tem eandem, Terra exſiſtente in Tropico hiberno <lb></lb>eiuſdem, quantùm diſcriminis, ſeu diſtantiæ eſt in<lb></lb>ter ipſos Tropicos eiuſdem magni orbis: at cùm <lb></lb>ſemidiameter magni orbis, vt mox dicebamus, in <lb></lb>tanta diſtantia ſenſibilis non ſit, ſed pro puncto <lb></lb>habeatur; non erit profectò ſenſibilis quoque, <lb></lb>ſed pro puncto habebitur, quæ eſt diſtantia inter <lb></lb>Tropicos æſtiuum, & hibernum eiuſdem. </s> <s id="id.000880">Ex quo <pb pagenum="137" xlink:href="027/01/136.jpg"></pb>conſequenter intelligitur, non poſſe ſtellas appare<lb></lb>re amplioris magnitudinis ex Tropico vno, quàm ex <lb></lb>alio; cùm acceſſus, & receſſus ſenſibilis non ſit, & <lb></lb>duæ ſtationes non poſſint haberi quaſi diſſitæ, quæ in <lb></lb>eodem quaſi puncto aſſumuntur. </s> <s id="id.000881">Quod ad immuta<lb></lb>tam Poli altitudinem attinet, facit eadem axis con<lb></lb>tinentia, orbiſque magni exilitas, vt inuariata ad ſen<lb></lb>ſum appareat. </s> <s id="id.000882">Reuoca in mentem duos circulos, quos <lb></lb>dictum eſt ab axe Terræ continüari intellecto deſcri<lb></lb>bi vtrimque in Firmamenti fornice; ipſi, tametſi æ<lb></lb>quatori orbis magni æquales ſint, ob immenſam ta<lb></lb>men diſtantiam, habentur quaſi duo puncta, eáque <lb></lb>de cauſa depictos voluï quaſi terminos ingentis co<lb></lb>lumnæ; quòd cùm ſit perſpicuum columnæ, aut <expan abbr="cu-iuſcũque">cu<lb></lb>iuſcunque</expan> rei, cuius latera parallela ſint, craſſitudinem <lb></lb>tantò magis decreſcere ad viſum, <expan abbr="quãtò">quantò</expan> ſpectatur re<lb></lb>motiùs, ideò liceat concipere tam procùl extendi co<lb></lb>lumnam, cuius craſſitudo ſit magni orbis diameter, <lb></lb>vt eiuſmodi craſſitudo ſensìm, ſenſimque extenüata, <lb></lb>& pro pyramide habita in verticem deſinat, qui (æ<lb></lb>qualis licet magni orbis diametro) habeatur à viſu <lb></lb>pro vnico puncto; idque ſeu in boream, vt à nobis <lb></lb>fit, ſeu in auſtrum, vt ab Antipodibus, ſpectetur. </s> <s id="id.000883">Ita<lb></lb>que tales duo circuli, ſeu talia duo puncta ſunt no<lb></lb>bis duo poli, quorum vnus ſemper eandem elatio<lb></lb>nem, alter eandem ſemper depreſſionem ſeruat, quòd <lb></lb>tametſi ſpatio ſex menſium tantum mutetur, quanta <lb></lb>eſt diameter magni orbis, mutatio tamen eſt quaſi <lb></lb>puncti, ſiue fit in puncto, cuius latera, & à centro, & <lb></lb>inter ſe, quod ad ſenſum ſpectat, non diſtant. </s> <s id="id.000884">Vnde, vt <pb pagenum="138" xlink:href="027/01/137.jpg"></pb>vides, non negatur quidem, quin mutatio aliqua fiat; <lb></lb>quin verus quaſi polus habendus ſit ipſum centrum <lb></lb>circuli, in quod terminari concipitur axis æquatoris <lb></lb>magni orbis per medium Solem tranſiens; quin pun<lb></lb>ctum terminans axem Terræ diſtet ab eo ſemper to<lb></lb>ta ſemidiametro, & nunc quidem in vnam partem, <lb></lb>nunc in aliam: ſed negatur tamen quicquid illud eſt, <lb></lb>inducere ſpectantibus obſeruabilem varietatem. </s> <s id="id.000885">Ne<lb></lb>que morari debet <emph type="italics"></emph>Quartò<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quòd nulla videatur eſſe <lb></lb>poſſe inter dies, nocteiſque inæqualitas, nullaque <lb></lb>proinde æſtatis, hiemiſque viciſſitudo; quaſi trans<lb></lb>lata per Zodiacum Terra perinde ſemper à Sole di<lb></lb>ſtet, eodemque modo eandem ſemper illi obuertat <lb></lb>faciem. </s> <s id="id.000886">Siquidem expoſita axis in paralleliſmo con<lb></lb>tinentia obſtat, ne ipſe Terræ æquator cum Zodia<lb></lb>co congruat, ſiue in eodem plano, & abſque interſe<lb></lb>ctione ſit, vt contingeret, ſi axis Terræ parallelus eſſet <lb></lb>axi Zodiaci, non verò æquatoris; quo ſanè caſu non <lb></lb>foret dierum, noctumque inæqualitas, ſed conſtans <lb></lb>vbique foret æquinoctium; perinde que eſſet, ac ſi Ter<lb></lb>ra in centro quieſcente, Sol ad Tropicos non defle<lb></lb>cteret, ſed in æquatore perpetuò circumduceretur; <lb></lb>vnde neque vllus foret æquator præter Zodiacum, <lb></lb>neque vlli forent poli præter polos Zodiaci, pari <lb></lb>modo concipiendos, quo de cæteris dictum eſt. </s> <s id="id.000887">Cùm <lb></lb>paralieliſmus verò ille efficiat, vt æquator Terræ ſe<lb></lb>cet continenter Zodiacum, & maneat conſtanter pa<lb></lb>ralleius æquatori magni orbis; heinc fit, vt nobis v. <lb></lb>g. qui ad boream ſumus, dum Terra in Cancro eſt, <lb></lb>obſtet gibbus Terræ, ne Solem in centro tam aper-<pb pagenum="139" xlink:href="027/01/138.jpg"></pb>tum videamus, ac dum Terra in Capricorno eſt, vn<lb></lb>de ille gibbus nihil nobis obſtat. </s> <s id="id.000888">Fit quoque proin<lb></lb>de, vt Terra exſiſtente in Cancro, diem minimum, <lb></lb>hiememque habeamus, & exſiſtente in Capricorno, <lb></lb>diem maximum, æſtatemque, & in locis aliis eadem <lb></lb>proportione. </s> <s id="id.000889">Quod perſpicuè intelliges, ſi quem glo<lb></lb>bulum ſupra vulgaris ſphæræ Zodiacum reuoluen<lb></lb>dum monuï, notes in boreo aliquo puncto, & ipſum <lb></lb>punctum compares cum Sole in medio Sphæræ de<lb></lb>gere intellecto; idque dum globulum (axe eius ſibi <lb></lb>ſemper parallelo detento) in Cancro, in Capricor<lb></lb>no, in partibus aliis Zodiaci reuolueris. </s> <s id="id.000890">Neque mo<lb></lb>rari debet <emph type="italics"></emph>Quintò,<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> quòd ſphæra Fixarum obſeruetur <lb></lb>moueri in ortum; ac ſecundum Eclipticæ longitudi<lb></lb>nem, lento illo motu, ob quem conſtellatio Arietis, <lb></lb>quæ ante bis mille circiter annos ad interſectionem <lb></lb>æquinoctialem erat, ab ea receſſit, diſtatque iam toto <lb></lb>penè ſigno, ſeu duodecima Zodiaci parte; qua ea<lb></lb>dem ratione receſſerunt, ac promotæ ſunt cæteræ, <lb></lb>omneſque adeò ſtellæ fixæ ſedibus ſuis ſunt emotæ, <lb></lb>ac ſpeciatìm Polaris dicta, quæ manifeſtè effecta eſt <lb></lb>longè, quàm olim, polo propinquior. </s> <s id="id.000891">Siquidem & <lb></lb>ſtellæ Arietis, & cæteræ omnes non ita apparent mo<lb></lb>ueri, quòd motu ſibi proprio ſecundum ſignorum <lb></lb>ſeriem progrediantur ab æquinoctialibus punctis; ſed <lb></lb>quòd æquinoctialia puncta ob Terræ motum, retar<lb></lb>dationemve antè expoſitam, regrediantur contra ſi<lb></lb>gnorum ſucceſſionem. </s> <s id="id.000892">Quemadmodum nempe ſeu <lb></lb>Terra moueatur in ortum, ſeu Sol moueatur in oc<lb></lb>caſum, Sol ſemper moueri in occaſum nobis apparet, <pb pagenum="140" xlink:href="027/01/139.jpg"></pb>vt declaratum ſæpiùs iam eſt; ita ſeu ſtellæ progre<lb></lb>diantur ab æquinoctiali puncto in conſequentia, ſeu <lb></lb>æquinoctiale punctum à ſtellis in antecedentia, appa<lb></lb>rent nobis ſemper ſtellæ ab æquinoctiali puncto in <lb></lb>conſequentia moueri. </s> <s id="id.000893">Quod Copernicus autem ſue<lb></lb>rit opinatus non ſtellas reipsâ promoueri, ac recedere, <lb></lb>ſed ipſa æquinoctia anticipare, ſeu præcedere; idcir<lb></lb>cô non <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan> ſtellarum, ſeu octauæ ſphæræ, ſed æqui<lb></lb>noctiorum anticipationem, ſeu præceſſionem appella<lb></lb>uit. </s> <s id="id.000894">Adnotaui porrô, vt Ecliptica immobilis eſt, in<lb></lb>uariatoſque polos habet (id arguente ipſa, vt vocant, <lb></lb>ſtellarum latitudine, ſiue diſtantia ab Ecliptica, quæ <lb></lb>eadem conſtanter manet) ita interſectionibus æqua<lb></lb>toris ſenſim antecedentibus, polos ipſius æquatoris <lb></lb>ſensìm antecedere, ſiue regrediendo circum polos <lb></lb>Eclipticæ ire. </s> <s id="id.000895">Polos autem æquatoris voco non <expan abbr="tantũ">tantum</expan> <lb></lb>puncta ipſa indiuiſibilia, in quæ terminari concipitur <lb></lb>axis per Solem traductus, ſed oppoſitos etiam illos <lb></lb>circulos, & columnæ veluti baſeis, quæ non maiora <lb></lb>punctis apparere aliquoties iam repetitum eſt. </s> <s id="id.000896">Scili<lb></lb>cet talia puncta ſunt, quæ ſingulis annis non-nihil <lb></lb>transferuntur, & ad alias ſtellas accedunt, ab aliis re<lb></lb>cedunt. </s> <s id="id.000897">Neque eſt interim quòd mirere poli altitudi<lb></lb>nem ſupra horizontem manere nobis inuariatam: <lb></lb>quoniam vt Terra horizontem cuiuſque regionis ſe<lb></lb>cum transfert, ita transfert etiam ſuos polòs, cum ea<lb></lb>dem ſemper ad eandem regionem habitudine. </s> <s id="id.000898">Ex <lb></lb>quo fit, vt eas cæli parteis, ad quas poli Terræ reſpe<lb></lb>ctant, immotas credamus, quòd Terra immota ap<lb></lb>pareat, ac polos mundi vocitemus, quos affingi-<pb pagenum="141" xlink:href="027/01/140.jpg"></pb>mus ipſi mundo, cui motum quoque affingimus; <lb></lb>intereà verò Eclipticæ polos, reuerá immotos, ha<lb></lb>beamus pro mobilibus; neque vocemus polos mun<lb></lb>di, qui reuerá tamen poli mundi ſunt, ſaltem terre<lb></lb>norum reſpectu. </s> <s id="id.000899">Dicerem aliquid de illa Libratione <lb></lb>duplici, ob quam tum motus apparens fixarum nunc <lb></lb>velocior eſſe, nunc ſegnior cenſetur; tum latitudo <lb></lb>quoque ſiderum, & maximè Solis, nonnihil variari, <lb></lb>idque etiam non ſine quapiam inæquabilitate, dicitur: <lb></lb>Sed, vt præteream Copernicum explicare vtramque <lb></lb>ex tantilla variatione extremorum axis Telluris, de<lb></lb>ſcribentium quandam intortæ, vt appellat, corollæ <lb></lb>ſpeciem, cuiuſmodi repræſentatur notâ arithmeti<lb></lb>ca 8; Planius eſt, vt quoniam rationes non contem<lb></lb>nendæ habentur, ob quas liceat in dubium obſerua<lb></lb>tiones vertere, quæ pro vtraque circumferuntur; pla<lb></lb>nius, inquam, eſt, vt in iſtis diſcutiendis non immo<lb></lb>remur. </s> <s id="id.000900">Neque morari <emph type="italics"></emph>Poſtremò<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> debet, quòd Sol non <lb></lb>videatur futurus nunc Apogeius, nunc Perigeius, <lb></lb>quaſi nulla exſiſtente excentricitate, nullove circulo <lb></lb>excentrico, ratione cuius Sol nunc minùs, nunc ma<lb></lb>gis accedat ad Terram. </s> <s id="id.000901">Siquidem conſtat perinde <lb></lb>fore, ſi quam Soli excentricitatem, quem excentri<lb></lb>cum tribuunt, ipſi Terræ attribuas, ratione cuius <lb></lb>nunc minùs, nunc magis accedat ad Solem; & Sol <lb></lb>appareat Apogeius, cum Terra erit Aphelia, & Peri<lb></lb>geius, cùm Perihelia. </s> <s id="id.000902">Scilicet has Aphelij, Perihe<lb></lb>liique nuncupationes excogitauit nuper Kepplerus; <lb></lb>qui aliunde docuit illum, quem huc vſque diximus <lb></lb>annuum circulum, ſeu Eclipticam, aut Zodiacum ma-<pb pagenum="142" xlink:href="027/01/141.jpg"></pb>gni orbis, concipiendum eſſe non tam circulum ex<lb></lb>quiſitum, quàm ellipſin, ſeu oualem lineam, quam <lb></lb>Terra deſcribens, idem, quod per excentricum, fa<lb></lb>ciat. </s> <s id="id.000903">Quippe cùm in diametro longiore ellipſeos duo <lb></lb>ſint centra (appellant focos) Sol ita erit in eorum <lb></lb>vno, vt cùm Terra feretur ipſi vicina, Perihelia ſit, & <lb></lb>Sol Perigeius dicatur; cùm vicina alteri, ipſa ſit Aphe<lb></lb>lia, & Sol dicatur Apogeius: quod idem proportio<lb></lb>ne fieri in cæteris Planetis cenſuit. </s> <s id="id.000904">Quin-etiam, vt <lb></lb>diceret cauſam, ob quam motus fiat ellipticâ formâ, <lb></lb>animaduertit, vt in vno magnete ſunt duo poli, quo<lb></lb>rum vnus appetit alterum polorum alterius magne<lb></lb>tis, alius eundem refugit; ita eſſe poſſe in Terra, (quæ <lb></lb>ſit quaſi magnes, & ad Solem, quaſiad maiorem ma<lb></lb>gnetem comparetur) eſſe, inquam, poſſe parteis ali<lb></lb>quas Solipetas, Solifugaſque, ob quas dum circum<lb></lb>ducitur Soli, nunc ad ipſum magis alliciatur, nunc ab <lb></lb>codem magis auertatur; eaque ratione motu ſuo <lb></lb>non circulum, ſed ellipſin deſcribat. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000905">XI. </s> <s id="id.000906">Vt attingam & cætera, apparent quidem Mer<lb></lb>curius, Venus, Mars, Iupiter, Saturnus, nunc ſtare, <lb></lb>nunc retrogredi, nunc directè procedere: ſed quæ <lb></lb>Mediterraneo noſtro viderentur, ſi præter nauim, in <lb></lb>qua eſſet, ac moueretur, forent quoque aliæ, quæ cir<lb></lb>ca <expan abbr="illã">illam</expan> eandem immotam propiùs, aut remotiùs, ve<lb></lb>lociùs, aut tardiùs ferrentur; mirum non eſt, idipſum <lb></lb>nobis ex hoc terræ globo apparere, dum collati cum <lb></lb>aliis globis circa eundem Solem immotum circum<lb></lb>ducimur. </s> <s id="id.000907">Quin-etiam tantum abeſt, vt ex obſeruatis <lb></lb>hiſce affectionibus, apparente, inquam, ſtatione, re-<pb pagenum="143" xlink:href="027/01/142.jpg"></pb>trogradatione, & directione Planetarum, quidpiam <lb></lb>colligatur ad ſtabiliendum Terræ quietem, vt po<lb></lb>tiùs non ſit argumentum magis conſentaneum, quo <lb></lb>motus illi aſſeratur. </s> <s id="id.000908">Quæſo te enim quidnam poſſit <lb></lb>eſſe probabilius, quàm magna iſta corpora, globos, in<lb></lb>quam, Planetarum, vno tenore incedere, & ſuam ſem<lb></lb>per viam, ſeu prorſùm, antrorſumve ire? </s> <s id="id.000909">Ibunt porrô, <lb></lb>ſi Terra quidem inter ipſos media incedat, ac di<lb></lb>recta eſſe nunquam deſinat: & quòd interdum ſta<lb></lb>tionarij, retrogradique appareant, continget appa<lb></lb>ritio ex commiſtione motus ipſius. </s> <s id="id.000910">Explicant hæc vul<lb></lb>gò per Epicyclos, quorum centra circa Terram vno <lb></lb>tenore ſic ferantur; vt Planetæ interìm in ſuperfi<lb></lb>ciebus Epicyclorum moti, ad ſuperiores quidem <lb></lb>parteis directi ſint, ad inferiores retrogradi, & in <lb></lb>medio deſcenſu, aſcenſuque, ſtationarij. </s> <s id="id.000911">At quan<lb></lb>tum quæſo compendium, vt vnica Terra vnico inceſ<lb></lb>ſu Epicyclos omneis faciat ſuperuacaneos, Planetas <lb></lb>illis eximat, alteróque motu abſoluat? </s> <s id="id.000912">Et de duobus <lb></lb>quidem Soli proximis, Mercurio, nempe, ac Venere, <lb></lb>vt primùm dicam; Quid eſt, cur Epicyclos fingant, <lb></lb>quorum centra contineantur inuariabiliter in linea à <lb></lb>Terra in Solem directa? </s> <s id="id.000913">Cur Planetarum remotio<lb></lb>rum epicycli liberi ſunt; epicycli iſtorum duorum ad <lb></lb>Solem ita illigati? </s> <s id="id.000914">Cur ſaltem non eſt alter duorum <lb></lb>liber? </s> <s id="id.000915">Cur neuter horum Planetarum ad ſextilem <lb></lb>vſque aſpectum heinc inde à Sole diſcedit, ſed cùm <lb></lb>vix ſigno, aut ſeſqui-ſigno ſepoſitus eſt, ipſum repetit, <lb></lb>ſeu retrogradus ab ortu, ſeu directus ab occaſu? </s> <s id="id.000916">Cur <lb></lb>non proinde inſtar aliorum motibus ſuis nos circum-<pb pagenum="144" xlink:href="027/01/143.jpg"></pb>dant, ita vt nobis aliquando in medio exſiſtentibus <lb></lb>Sol ex vna parte ſit, illi ex aduerſa? </s> <s id="id.000917">Sed nempe ita <lb></lb>fieri, ac apparere neceſſum eſt, cùm remotiore exſi<lb></lb>ſtente Terra, illos ex ipſa obſeruamus circumeunteis <lb></lb>Solem. </s> <s id="id.000918">Non poteſt enim Sol non haberi, eſſéque cen<lb></lb>trum motus vtriuſque, aut vtriuſque circulus non eſ<lb></lb>ſe Soli illigatus. </s> <s id="id.000919">Non poteſt vterque non videri dire<lb></lb>ctus, cùm vltra Solem peragit iter; non retrogradus, <lb></lb>cùm citrà; non ſtationarius, cum in medio deſcenſu <lb></lb>accedit, aut in medio aſcenſu recedit, quaſi per re<lb></lb>ctam lineam; eo modo, quo viator, qui nos procùl <lb></lb>antegreditur, vel nobis occurrit ſecundum rectam <lb></lb>viam, non apparet moueri; cùm appareat tamen, ſi <lb></lb>eodem paſſu tranſuersùm eat. </s> <s id="id.000920">Non poteſt Sol, tan<lb></lb>quam centrum circuli vtriuſque non apparere conti<lb></lb>nuò moueri per Zodiacum, iuxta ſignorum ſeriem, <lb></lb>quoniam Terra promouetur in parteis oppoſitas; ne<lb></lb>que poteſt vtervis ſeparari longè à Sole, quia circui<lb></lb>tum ſuum limitatum tam heinc, quàm inde, tam ſur<lb></lb>ſum, quàm deorſum habet. </s> <s id="id.000921">Denique neuter poteſt <lb></lb>nos ambire, habereve Terram ſe inter, ac Solem in<lb></lb>terpoſitam; quoniam Terra eſt extra ambitum v<lb></lb>triuſque, & vtrumque ſemper ad eandem partem, qua <lb></lb>Solem, habet. </s> <s id="id.000922">Ferri porrô vtrumque Sidus ſupra, & <lb></lb>infra Solem, non verò in Epicyclo nos inter, & Solem <lb></lb>contento, memoratæque lineæ alligato, tum obſer<lb></lb>uata noſtra conuincunt, ac præſertìm circa Mercu<lb></lb>rium; tum præſertìm de Venere manifeſtæ eius Te<lb></lb>leſcopio phaſes. </s> <s id="id.000923">Nempe quòd appareat corniculata, <lb></lb>cum retrograda eſt; plena, cùm directa; id haud-du-<pb pagenum="145" xlink:href="027/01/144.jpg"></pb>biè arguit ipſam eſſe, citra Solem quidem, dum cor<lb></lb>niculata apparet, quaſi parte reſidua illuminata in <lb></lb>Solem ſpectante; vltra Solem verò, dum plena, <lb></lb>quaſi parte illuminata ſpectante tam Solem, quàm <lb></lb>nos: Ne memorem, dum eſt corniculata, videri <lb></lb>tam magnam, dum plena tam paruam; quòd illeic <lb></lb>maximè propinqua, heic diſſita maximè ſit (h.e. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000924">tantundem ſexies) poſſit que illeic vnâ particulâ ma<lb></lb>jor videri, quàm heic totâ. </s> <s id="id.000925">Deinde, vt de tribus <lb></lb>quoque remotioribus, Marte, Ioue, Saturno dica<lb></lb>mus, Quid eſt, cur nunquam retrogradi appareant, <lb></lb>niſi cùm Terram habent interpoſitam inter ſe, & So<lb></lb>lem? </s> <s id="id.000926">aut cur ſemper retrogradi, cùm habent inter<lb></lb>poſitam? </s> <s id="id.000927">Cur epicyclus Martis major eſt, quàm <lb></lb>epicyclus Iouis, & iſte major, quàm epicyclus <lb></lb>Saturni? </s> <s id="id.000928">Cur planetæ tantum accipiunt magnitu<lb></lb>dinis incrementum, vt Mars, qui aliàs ſtellula eſt, <lb></lb>Veneri interdum, aut Ioui magnitudine non conce<lb></lb>dat? </s> <s id="id.000929">Cur Mars adeò velocior per excentricum, quàm <lb></lb>Iupiter, ſit per epicyclum adeò ſegnior, eademque <lb></lb>proportione Iupiter, quàm Saturnus? </s> <s id="id.000930">atque ita de <lb></lb>cæteris. </s> <s id="id.000931">Sed nempe ita fieri, ac apparere neceſſum <lb></lb>eſt, Terra inter Solem, & eos incedente. </s> <s id="id.000932">Nam <lb></lb>quamuis tam Terra, quàm ipſi eandem ſemper <lb></lb>viam, & ſuo vnuſquiſque tenore procedant; effici<lb></lb>tur tamen, vt quia Terra velociùs, quàm illi mo<lb></lb>uetur; efficitur, inquam, vt dum procul adueniens, <lb></lb>eſt prope ipſos tranſitura, ſeu ſeſe ipſis, ac Soli in<lb></lb>terpoſitura, appareant illi jam lentiùs incedere, quàm <lb></lb>anteà; & cùm rectà quaſi accedit, appareant qua-<pb pagenum="146" xlink:href="027/01/145.jpg"></pb>ſi conſiſtere; ac deinceps quoque retrogredi, quo<lb></lb>niam ipſa velocius pergens, illos à tergo ſensim <lb></lb>facit; adeò vt retrogreſſio maxima appareat, cùm <lb></lb>proxima eſt, illoſque è regione habet; ac poſteà <lb></lb>appareat paulatìm decreſcere, quovſque, dum diſ<lb></lb>cedit ab ipſis ſecundum rectam quaſi lineam, vi<lb></lb>dentur rurſùm quaſi ſtare. </s> <s id="id.000933">Poſt ſecundam autem <lb></lb>ſtationem apparent, vt priùs, directè, & magis, <lb></lb>magiſque velociter incedere; quia deinceps Terra, <lb></lb>vt vltra Solem tranſitura, obſeruat illos progredien<lb></lb>teis iuxta ſignorum ſeriem; qui in ſitu oppoſito vi<lb></lb>debantur contra eandem ſeriem ire. </s> <s id="id.000934">Heinc ergo eſt, <lb></lb>quare non poſſint apparere retrogradi, niſi in op<lb></lb>poſitione cum Sole, ſiue Terra exſiſtente interpo<lb></lb>ſita; neque non poſſint non apparere, ob velocio<lb></lb>rem Terræ motum. </s> <s id="id.000935">Heinc, quare epicyclus Martis <lb></lb>videatur major epicyclo Iouis; quia videlicet ob <lb></lb>majorem illius propinquitatem, retrogradatio in ip<lb></lb>ſo apparere propiùs incipit, & deſinit longiùs. </s> <s id="id.000936">Heinc, <lb></lb>quare tunc Mars adeò magnus appareat, qui aliàs <lb></lb>adeò paruus eſt; ſcilicet quià Terra eſt illi tam pro<lb></lb>pè, quæ aliàs tam procùl incedit; octo, vt putà, vi<lb></lb>cibus remotiùs. </s> <s id="id.000937">Heinc quare Mars, non-niſi bien<lb></lb>nio ſemel retrogradus ſit; quippe quia, Terra non in<lb></lb>cedens, niſi duplò velociùs, non poteſt illum aſſe<lb></lb>qui, niſi duplò temporis, quo periodum ipſa ab<lb></lb>ſoluit. </s> <s id="id.000938">Quare Iupiter quotannis percurrat, retrogra<lb></lb>duſque efficiatur, idque vno ſolùm menſe tardiùs; <lb></lb>quia Terra nempe velocior eſt duodecuplò, illum<lb></lb>que ſemel relictum aſſequitur ſemper decimo tertio <pb pagenum="147" xlink:href="027/01/146.jpg"></pb>menſe. </s> <s id="id.000939">Quare Saturnus etiam quotannis efficiatur <lb></lb>retrogradus, idque vix tardiùs dimidio menſis, <lb></lb>quia nimirùm Terra velocior trigecuplò eſt, & ab <lb></lb>eo digreſſa illum rurſùs aſſequitur duodecimo men<lb></lb>ſe, & vix ſemiſſe prætereà. </s> <s id="id.000940">Ex quibus profectò mi<lb></lb>rabile ſit, niſi cùm omnia ita conſentiant, & omnia, <lb></lb>quæ apparent, adeò facilè, ſimpliciterque ex vna <lb></lb>Terræ circunductione inter Martem, ac Venerem in<lb></lb>telligantur, explicenturque; neque ſit opus tot ma<lb></lb>chinis, tot ambagibus, tot commentis abſque or<lb></lb>dine, & veriſimilitudine introductis; niſi, inquam Ter<lb></lb>ra id loci moueatur. </s> <s id="id.000941">Et conſidera, quæſo, cur Lu<lb></lb>na nobis nunquam appareat nec ſtare, nec retro<lb></lb>gredi; niſi quia ipſa ſemper circumducitur nobis, <lb></lb>quaſi in centro illius conſtitutis? </s> <s id="id.000942">Cur nunquam Sol: <lb></lb>niſi quia nos ſemper ipſi circumducimur, tanquam <lb></lb>in centro exſiſtenti? </s> <s id="id.000943">Quam-obrem verò non eadem <lb></lb>euenirent aliis quinque, ſi vel nos ipſis centrum eſ<lb></lb>ſemus, vel ipſi nobis; & non potiùs mixtìm iremus, <lb></lb>circumduceremurque circa eundem Solem, vt circa <lb></lb>idem centrum? </s> <s id="id.000944">Tycho certè, qui Terram in centro <lb></lb>immotam detinuit, ita ipſi Lunam, Solem que cir<lb></lb>cumduxit, vt coactus fuerit circumducere Soli quin<lb></lb>que alios; tametſi mira, vt videtur, incontinuitate <lb></lb>volüerit Solem dietìm circumeuntem Terram, trans<lb></lb>ferre illos omneis ſecum, obeunteis intereà motus <lb></lb>proprios; neque potuerit fingere, quomodo ille in<lb></lb>terea corriperetur à Firmamento, mobilive primo; <lb></lb>quomodo item Luna (vt præter motum menſtruum, <lb></lb>dietim quoque Terram obeat) idque ſpatiis liberri-<pb pagenum="148" xlink:href="027/01/147.jpg"></pb>mis, fluidiſſimiſque exſiſtentibus; quæ ſanè, alia<lb></lb>que incommoda planè tolluntur, ſi Solem, ac Ter<lb></lb>ram expoſito modo tranſpoſuerimus. </s> <s id="id.000945">Et conſidera <lb></lb>aliunde pulcram ſeriem. </s> <s id="id.000946">Nam quo modo nos ha<lb></lb>bemus ſemper verſus Solem, & nunquam in oppo<lb></lb>ſitione, Mercurium, ac Venerem; ita Mars prætereà <lb></lb>habet Terram, Iupiter Martem, Saturnus Iouem. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000947">Ac viciſſim quemadmodum Terra habet circum<lb></lb>danteis, & aliquando in oppoſitione exſiſtenteis, <lb></lb>Martem, Iouem, Saturnum; ita Venus habet præ<lb></lb>tereà Terram, & Mercurius Venerem. </s> <s id="id.000948">Ex quo pro<lb></lb>inde efficitur, vt Sol videatur omninò congruè col<lb></lb>locari in omnium medio; vnde omnibus lucem, ca<lb></lb>loremque diſpenſet; vnde quaſi Gubernator clauum <lb></lb>teneat, quaſi princeps moderetur, & ſimilia. </s> <s id="id.000949">Haud <lb></lb>abs re ſanè in centro exſiſtens deprehenditur vno <lb></lb>propè menſe circa proprium axem reuolui; veluti <lb></lb>arguunt Maculæ, quas in eius diſco promptiſſimum <lb></lb>eſt obſeruare. </s> <s id="id.000950">Quippe hac ſui reuolutione, emiſ<lb></lb>ſiſque circùm radiis, quaſi quibuſdam virgulis, Pla<lb></lb>netas omneis non reluctanteis, aut etiam propenſos <lb></lb>veluti abigere, circumagereque videtur; & propin<lb></lb>quiores quidem vehementiùs, ac citiùssremotiores <lb></lb>verò languidiùs, ac tar diùs; prout radij fuerint ma<lb></lb>gis conferti, aut magis rari. </s> <s id="id.000951">Quo ſanè loco mirabi<lb></lb>le eſt, ſemitas Macularum, exſiſtente Sole in æquino<lb></lb>ctialibus punctis, quaſi rectas lineas in diſco illius <lb></lb>deſcribi; in cæteris, ac potiſſimùm in Tropicis, cur<lb></lb>uas: Neque id poſſe commodiùs ſaluari, quàm ex <lb></lb>eo, quòd Sole ſuper eiſdem ſuis, EcIipticæve Po-<pb pagenum="149" xlink:href="027/01/148.jpg"></pb>lis ſemper reuoluto, deuehentéque Maculas, Terra <lb></lb>ſe illi ita ſiſtat, nunc quaſi ad dextram, ſiniſtramve <lb></lb>in æquinoctiis; nunc quaſi ſurſùm, deorſùmve in <lb></lb>ſolſtitiis, vt propter expoſitam axis ſui continen<lb></lb>tiam, Maculas videat non vno modo per diſcum <lb></lb>Solis procedenteis; ſed cum varietate rectitudinis, <lb></lb>curuitatiſque memorata. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000952">XII. </s> <s id="id.000953">Ita demonſtrat Galileus, cui illud prætereà <lb></lb>debetur, quòd ex aſſignatis Terræ motibus, ita <lb></lb>Maris æſtum expoſuerit, vt videatur denique cau<lb></lb>ſam eius germanam adinueniſſe. </s> <s id="id.000954">Nimirùm, quod <lb></lb>nauiculæ aquâ ſemiplenæ, dum placido Mari, aut <lb></lb>lacu transfertur, contingit; idipſum Terræ aquas <lb></lb>marinas in ſuis cauitatibus continenti, ſi per pla<lb></lb>cidum æthera transferatur, eueniet. </s> <s id="id.000955">Vt enim, ſi <lb></lb>nauicula æquabiliter moueatur, aqua contenta <lb></lb>æquabiliter manet; &, ſi moueatur tantillùm ra<lb></lb>pidiùs, aqua ex prora refugit in puppim, eleuatàque <lb></lb>veluti hæret, donec rapiditate non-nihil remiſſa, pro<lb></lb>prio pondere recurrat in proram, refugitura iterùm <lb></lb>proprio pondere, ſiue æquabilis ſit motus, ſiue tar<lb></lb>dior, ſiue nullus; & recurſura iterùm proprio pon<lb></lb>dere, ſi vel nihil, vel parùm augeatur velocitas, ac <lb></lb>refugitura, vt priùs, ſi vt priùs velocitas, ſeu rapi<lb></lb>ditas augeſcat: ita eſt neceſſe accidat in Terra, Ma<lb></lb>rique in eius cauitatibus contento, neque parteis <lb></lb>ſolidiores, ob fluxilitatem, perinde conſequi idoneo. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000956">Nam ſi Terra quidem, aut pars eius, in qua Mare eſt, <lb></lb>æquabiliter moueretur, nulla eſſet ratio, cur Mare <lb></lb>reciprocationem ſubiret: at neceſſe eſt ſubeat, qua-<pb pagenum="150" xlink:href="027/01/149.jpg"></pb>tenus Terra, ſeu eius pars, in qua, vt in nauicula, <lb></lb>aut vaſe eſt, inæquabiliter mouetur. </s> <s id="id.000957">Ac non eſt <lb></lb>quidem motus diurnus ex ſeſe inæquabilis; non item <lb></lb>motus annuus, non axis continentia; verùm ex his <lb></lb>miſtis creatur quædam inæquabilitas, quæ & gemi<lb></lb>natas reciprocationes in ſingulos dies pariat, & illas <lb></lb>per ſolſtitia, atque æquinoctia vehementiores faciat; <lb></lb>& (admiſto aliunde motu Lunæ) etiam in nouiluniis, <lb></lb>pleniluniiſque intendat. </s> <s id="id.000958">Imprimis enim, cùm pars <lb></lb>Terræ, quæ, ex. </s> <s id="id.000959">gr. continet Mare Mediterraneum, <lb></lb>feratur continuò in ortum motu annuo, & triplò <lb></lb>quidem velociùs, quàm reuolutione diurna; ac reuo<lb></lb>lutione diurna non pergat continuò in ortum, ſed <lb></lb>dimidium quidem circuïtus in ortum abſoluat, di<lb></lb>midium verò in occaſum redeundo conſumat; effi<lb></lb>citur, vt vtróque motu verſus ortum conſpirante, <lb></lb>locus maris Mediterranei feratur velociùs per ſpa<lb></lb>tia mundana, quàm dum referente diurno in occa<lb></lb>ſum, ſolus annuus ſupereſt in ortum. </s> <s id="id.000960">Id fit, quem<lb></lb>admodum dicebam de pila, quæ tametſi pari vtrim<lb></lb>que vi manus moueatur à puppi in proram, & à pro<lb></lb>ra in puppim; velociùs tamen mouetur à puppi in <lb></lb>proram, propter ipſam nauis ſuperadditam vim. </s> <s id="id.000961">Ita<lb></lb>que, dum Mediterraneum incipit die quodam mo<lb></lb>tu geminato, ac proinde velociore moueri in ortum, <lb></lb>neceſſe eſt aqua ex Syria verſus Gadeis, quaſi refu<lb></lb>giat, & ad oram Syriæ fiat non-nihil depreſſior, ad <lb></lb>oram Hiſpaniæ non-nihil elatior, quovſque in me<lb></lb>dio geminati motus velocitas incipiat remitti, & aqua <lb></lb>ex ora Hiſpaniæ pondere proprio refluat, ac verſus <pb pagenum="151" xlink:href="027/01/150.jpg"></pb>oram Syriæ recurrat: & rurſùs, dum incipit motu in <lb></lb>ortum vnico, atque adeò tardiùs moueri, neceſſe eſt <lb></lb>aqua ad oram Syriæ eleuata verſus oram Hiſpaniæ <lb></lb>iterum refugiat, quovſque ex medio huius tardioris <lb></lb>motus iterum recurrat ex ora Hiſpaniæ verſus oram <lb></lb>Syriæ; ſicque, die, iam alio iterùm, vt priùs, refu<lb></lb>giat, reciprocationemque perpetuam tueatur; vt ſi <lb></lb>plumbum pendulum à perpendiculo elatum excur<lb></lb>rere ſinas, & ſecundo quoque recurſu vim nouam <lb></lb>illi imprimas. </s> <s id="id.000962">Atque ad oram quidem Syriæ receſſus <lb></lb>& acceſſus aquæ notabilis admodùm eſt: ad oram ve<lb></lb>rò Hiſpaniæ minùs, propter allabentem ex Oceano <lb></lb>aquam per fretum Herculeum. </s> <s id="id.000963">Ad lateraleis oras <lb></lb>quod ſpectat, eiuſcemodi reciprocationes ſunt mi<lb></lb>nùs ſenſibiles, eodem modo, quo in nauicula, aut <lb></lb>quolibet vaſe commota aqua deprehenditur ad par<lb></lb>teis motus oppoſitas attolli, atque deprimi; ſub me<lb></lb>dium verò aut ſolùm excurrere, & recurrere, aut <lb></lb>etiam veluti conſtare. </s> <s id="id.000964">Et patet id certè in ſinu Ha<lb></lb>driatico, in cuius extremo, Venetiis nempe, reci<lb></lb>procatio per elationem, depreſſionemque eſt adeò <lb></lb>ſenſibilis; in medio verò ſeu ad Anconam, ſecùs: Et <lb></lb>circa noſtram ſpecialem oram, cùm ipſe forem ſupe<lb></lb>riore Septembri, & ſub nouilunium quidem æqui<lb></lb>noctiale, San-torpeti, vix ad vſque ſeſqui pedem at<lb></lb>tolli, deprimique Mare obſeruaui. </s> <s id="id.000965">Accepi autem in <lb></lb>exemplum mare longiuſculum, & ab occaſu in or<lb></lb>tum ſitum; quoniam qui ſinus anguſti ſunt, vel <lb></lb>ſiti ab auſtro in boream, ij adipiſci ſenſibilem reci<lb></lb>procationem non poſſunt; vt neque lacus, atque ſta-<pb pagenum="152" xlink:href="027/01/151.jpg"></pb>gna, quorum oræ propiores ſunt, quàm vt elatio, <lb></lb>aut depreſſio ſeu continuari, ſeu obſeruari valeat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000966">Ex quo patet, cur in Oceano, vbi tanta libertas eſt, <lb></lb>reciprocationes ſint adeò inſignes: inſignes, inquam, <lb></lb>non in alto, vbi quod dicebam de aqua circa me<lb></lb>dium vaſis, contingit; ſed ad ipſa littora, in quibus <lb></lb>quæcumque attendi varietas poteſt, ad locorum ſi<lb></lb>tum referenda eſt; cùm aliunde mirabile ſit, reci<lb></lb>procationes eſſe in ſingulos dies vbiuis gentium ge<lb></lb>minas, vt geminæ ſunt in motu Terræ ex velocitate <lb></lb>in tarditatem, & ex tarditate in velocitatem redeun<lb></lb>tes inæqualitates: tametſi aqua pro ſuo lentore non <lb></lb>conſequitur precisè inæqualitatum periodos, ſed re<lb></lb>ciprocationes ſingulas abſoluit horæ propè dimidio <lb></lb>(& geminatas in ſingulos dies horâ propè integrâ) <lb></lb>tardiùs. </s> <s id="id.000967">Atque hæc quidem videri poteſt generalis <lb></lb>æſtus, ſiue reciprocationis in ſingulos dies gemina<lb></lb>tæ cauſa. </s> <s id="id.000968">Reuolue porrô globulum, de quo antè <lb></lb>dixi, ſupra Zodiacum materialis, ac vulgaris ſphæræ <lb></lb>in tropico alterutro, ita vt, dum centrum Terræ gra<lb></lb>du integro promouetur, intelligas punctum æqua<lb></lb>toris globuli initio reuolutionis eſſe in principio <lb></lb>gradus, & in fine reuolutionis eſſe in fine eiuſdem <lb></lb>gradus. </s> <s id="id.000969">Reuolue deinde in alterutra æquinoctialis <lb></lb>interſectione, ita vt idem globuli punctum in prin<lb></lb>cipio, ac fine reuolutionis pari modo in principio, ac <lb></lb>fine eiuſdem gradus intelligas: obſeruabis ſanè, quia <lb></lb>æquator globuli ob expoſitam axis continentiam <lb></lb>eſt ſemper parallelus æquatori ſphæræ, illud eius <lb></lb>punctum magis promoueri ad ortum ſupra Tropi-<pb pagenum="153" xlink:href="027/01/152.jpg"></pb>cum, quàm ſupra æquinoctialem; quia longitudo <lb></lb>gradus ſupra Tropicum eſt veluti directè jacens ab <lb></lb>occaſu in ortum; ſupra æquinoctialem verò obliquè <lb></lb>ſe habet. </s> <s id="id.000970">Ex hoc autem fit, vt ſpecialis quædam inæ<lb></lb>qualitas reuolutioni diurnæ contingat tam in ſolſti<lb></lb>tialibus, quàm in æquinoctialibus locis; ob quam <lb></lb>diurnæ illæ reciprocationes alterationem ſubeant, <lb></lb>dum in ipſis Terra verſatur; neque tam vehementeis <lb></lb>ſubeant in locis intermediis, vbi eiuſmodi inæquali<lb></lb>tas aut minor eſt, aut euaneſcit. </s> <s id="id.000971">Atque hæc aliunde <lb></lb>videri poteſt cauſa, cur æſtus vehementior ſit ſub <lb></lb>ſolſtitiis, æquinoctiiſque, quàm temporibus cæ<lb></lb>teris: cùm etiam, quia motus diurnus aduerſatur <lb></lb>magis motui annuo ad Æquinoctialem, quàm ad <lb></lb>Tropicum (quòd vterque motus Terra exſiſtente in <lb></lb>Tropico conſpiret directè in ortum, exſiſtente verò <lb></lb>in Æquinoctiali alius ad alium obliquus ſit) inde fieri <lb></lb>poſſe videatur, cur æquinoctiales reciprocationes <lb></lb>ſint ſolſtitialibus æſtuoſiores. </s> <s id="id.000972">Denique imaginare <lb></lb>Lunam eſſe Terræ quaſi illigatam, vnáque delatam; & <lb></lb>orbem magnum, per quem Terra motu annuo ince<lb></lb>dit, comprehendere non tantum iter ipſius medium, <lb></lb>ſed totum etiam ſpatium heinc inde verſus Martem, <lb></lb>ac Venerem, cuius extrema à Luna Terram motu <lb></lb>menſtruo circumambiente attinguntur. </s> <s id="id.000973">Imaginare <lb></lb>rursus vim, qua Sol tam Terram, quam Lunam mo<lb></lb>uet, explicari per radium, ſeu quaſi virgulam, chordu<lb></lb>lamve à Sole protenſam: concipies ſanè hanc chor<lb></lb>dulam longiorem eſſe cùm Luna eſt in oppoſitione, <lb></lb>vltra nempe Terram, quàm dum in coniunctione eſt, <pb pagenum="154" xlink:href="027/01/153.jpg"></pb>fìue citra Terram. </s> <s id="id.000974">Cæterùm, vt plumbum chordulæ <lb></lb>a penſum, & poſt abductionem à perpendiculo li<lb></lb>bertati ſuæ permiſſum, tantò vibratur celeriùs, quan<lb></lb>to chordula fuerit breuior, tantò tardiùs, quantò <lb></lb>productior; ita poteſt contingere, vt motus Terræ <lb></lb>annuus, qui æquabilis ex ſe foret, efficiatur in coniun<lb></lb>ctione, ſeu nouilunio velocior, in oppoſitione, ſeu <lb></lb>plenilunio tardior: ſicque bis in menſe eueniat ſpe<lb></lb>cialis inæqualitas, ob quam rurſùs diurnæ illæ reci<lb></lb>procationes alterationem quandam patiantur. </s> <s id="id.000975">At<lb></lb>que hæc poteſt videri cauſa, cur in ſingulis plenilu<lb></lb>niis, atque nouiluniis vehementiores æſtus ſint: cùm <lb></lb>iidem poſſint per plenilunia, atque nouilunia ſolſti<lb></lb>tiis, æquinoctiiſque vicina (ſed æquinoctiis præſer<lb></lb>tìm) eſſe vehementiſſimi, ob ſuperiorem cauſam ad<lb></lb>iunctam. </s> <s id="id.000976">Hæc porrô ſumma eſt ratiocinij circa maris <lb></lb>æſtum, quem proinde vt comprobare ipſe motus <lb></lb>Terræ videtur; ita ipſemet motum Terræ videtur <lb></lb>prorſùs adſtruere; adeò vt alter alteri non malè fi<lb></lb>dem conciliet, vt relatorum proprium eſt, ac ſpeciali<lb></lb>ter cauſæ, & effectus. </s> <s id="id.000977">Quinetiam hoc vnum videtur <lb></lb>experimentum ſenſibile Copernicanis ſubſidio eſſe; <lb></lb>cùm aliàs motus generalis, quo Terra oculum vnà <lb></lb>transfert, inobſeruabilis ſit. </s> <s id="id.000978">Finge nempe nauiculam, <lb></lb>de qua paulò antè dicebam, non mari, aut lacui inna<lb></lb>tare, ſed eſſe intra maiorem nauim, ipſique ſeu clauis, <lb></lb>ſeu alia ratione defixam, vt eius partem cohærere; ac <lb></lb>hominem Mediterraneum ad aquam attendere. </s> <s id="id.000979"><expan abbr="Tũc">Tunc</expan> <lb></lb>ſi aqua quidem intra nauiculam quieſcat, nullum <lb></lb>planè erit argumentum, quo ille moueri nauim iudicet, <pb pagenum="155" xlink:href="027/01/154.jpg"></pb>tametſi velociſſimè per medium mare transferatur. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000980">At, ſi aquam illam à prora in puppim effluere, & rur<lb></lb>ſùs ex puppi in proram refluere adnotauerit; tunc <lb></lb>eius motus cauſam inquirens, agnoſcet ipſum eſſe <lb></lb>non poſſe, niſi aut extrinſecùs corpus aliquod in im<lb></lb>motam nauim impingatur, ipſamve alia ratione ſub<lb></lb>agitando commoueat, & contentam aquam effluere, <lb></lb>ac refluere faciat; aut ipſa certè nauis per mare mo<lb></lb>ueatur, & cum inæquabilitate quidem aliqua, quæ <lb></lb>eiuſdem effluxus, & refluxus ſit cauſa. </s> <s id="id.000981">Et quia ſi extra <lb></lb>nauim circumſpexerit, nullum extrinſecùs obſerua<lb></lb>bit corpus, quod in nauim impingatur, aut illam ſub<lb></lb>agitet; ideò erit, cur colligat, moueri nauim igitur, & <lb></lb>cum nonnulla quidem inæquabilitate. </s> <s id="id.000982">Pari autem <lb></lb>modo, cùm nos in eadem Terræ quaſi naui vehamur, <lb></lb>vnà cum ſinubus, cauitatibuſque, quaſi nauigiolis, in <lb></lb>quibus marina aqua continetur; & obſeruantes hu<lb></lb>iuſmodi aquam continuò effluere, ac refluere, argu<lb></lb>mentemur hunc effluxum, refluxumque eſſe aut à <lb></lb>cauſa externa, quæ Terram in æthere medio conſi<lb></lb>ſtentem commoueat, ac ſubagitet; aut ab ipſamet <lb></lb>Terra, quæ per ætherem, cum inæquabilitate aliqua <lb></lb>moueatur: nec videamus tamen, vbi oculos circum<lb></lb>quáque coniocerimus, vllam eſſe cauſam externam, <lb></lb>quæ impingatur, ſubagitetve; Quidni colligere poſ<lb></lb>ſimus cauſam eſſe ipſammet Terram, quatenus poteſt <lb></lb>per ætherem, & cum aliqua quidem (vt putà iam ex<lb></lb>poſita) inæquabilitate moueri? </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000983">XIII. </s> <s id="id.000984">Verùm his tandem modus eſto: quandò ag<lb></lb>greſſus dicere ſolùm de imbecillitate eius argumenti, <pb pagenum="156" xlink:href="027/01/155.jpg"></pb>quod ad quietem Terræ adſtruendam familiare eſt <lb></lb>petere exmotu rerum proiectilium, eò ſensìm dedu<lb></lb>ctus ſum, vt videri poſſim præcipuas circa problema <lb></lb>celebre attigiſſe difficultates. </s> <s id="id.000985">Non exigis, vt repetam <lb></lb>feciſſe me id, non vt Telluri aſſererem motum, ſed vt <lb></lb>veritatis amore, innuerem quietem ipſius firmiore ra<lb></lb>tione eſſe ſtabiliendam: ne exige etiam, vt quaſi me <lb></lb>putes aliquam habere eiufcemodi, ipſam tecum <lb></lb>communicem; quippe ſi haberem, facerem iam <lb></lb>ſponte. </s> <s id="id.000986">Et non pauci quidem hactenùs non paucas, <lb></lb>noſterque imprimis Morinus, magnâ ſolertiâ excogi<lb></lb>târunt: ſed, me tamen quod attinet, hærere aquam <lb></lb>ſemper video, ac in eo proinde ſum, vt placitum illud <lb></lb>reuerear, quo Cardinales aliquot approbaſſe Terræ <lb></lb>quietem dicuntur. </s> <s id="id.000987">Etenim licet Copernicani tuean<lb></lb>tur loca ſacræ Scripturæ, quæ Terræ ſtatum, ſiue <lb></lb>quietem, & Soli motum tribuunt, Vel explicanda eſſe <lb></lb>de ipſa, vt loquuntur, apparentia, déque accommo<lb></lb>datione ad captum, moremque loquendi vulgarem; <lb></lb>quaſi Scriptura non loquatur de rebus, niſi vt appa<lb></lb>rent, & vulgò cognoſcuntur, exprimunturque (ex <lb></lb>quo tam ſæpe ad alium ſenſum, quàm ad literalem <lb></lb>confugiendum eſt) & pro ſcopo habeat non erudi<lb></lb>tionem in Phyſicis, Mathematicis, cæteriſque id ge<lb></lb>nus rebus; ſed inſtitutionem ad gratiam, ſupernatu<lb></lb>ralemque ſalutem; ex quo, vt ſua ſalus omnium in<lb></lb>tereſt, ſic vſurpandus ſermo fuerit omnium captui ac<lb></lb>commodatus: Vel intelligenda eſſe de conſiſtentia, <lb></lb>&, vt ita loquar, in diſſipabilitate partium, quæ non <lb></lb>excedunt à tota Terra, locúmque duntaxat, aut for-<pb pagenum="157" xlink:href="027/01/156.jpg"></pb>mam commutant; eo modo, quo partes maſſæ cereæ <lb></lb>variè ſigillatæ, ab ea non excedunt, ſed poſitum ſo<lb></lb>lum, figuramque variant, ac dum figuratio vna præte<lb></lb>rit, alia aduenit, maſſa interim ipſa ſemper ſtat, ſeu <lb></lb>perſeuerat eadem, cæteraque ſimilia: Nihilominùs, <lb></lb>quòd ea loca ſecùs explicentur à viris, quorum, vt <lb></lb>conſtat, tanta eſt in Eccleſia auctoritas; eapropter ipſe <lb></lb>ab illis ſto, & hac occaſione facere captiuum intelle<lb></lb>ctum non erubeſco. </s> <s id="id.000988">Non quòd proptereà exiſtimem <lb></lb>articulum fidei eſſe; neque enim (quod ſciam qui<lb></lb>dem) id aſſertum ab illis eſt, aut apud vniuerſam Ec<lb></lb>cleſiam promulgatum, atque receptum: ſed quòd il<lb></lb>lorum iudicium habendum præiudicium ſit, quod <lb></lb>non poſſit apud Fideleis non maximi eſſe momenti. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.000989">Quod ſupereſt, Tu nihil morare, ſed excuſatam po<lb></lb>tiùs habe prolixitatem hanc meam tantam; ratus vo<lb></lb>luiſſe me nihil aliud, quàm dum tuæ erga me beneuo<lb></lb>lentiæ memor ſum, meam erga te obſeruantiam <lb></lb>facere teſtatam. </s> <s id="id.000990">Saluto ſemper optimum Fratrem, <lb></lb>conſeſſumque per-eruditum. </s> <s id="id.000991">Vale. </s> <s id="id.000992">Aquis Sextiis, <lb></lb>111. Eid. </s> <s id="id.000993">Decemb. </s> <s id="id.000994">cIo. </s> <s id="id.000995">Ioc. </s> <s id="id.000996">XL. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000997"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>Poſt-ſcriptum.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.000998">QVOD tua, & aliorum amicorum vota iſtæc con<lb></lb>ſcribens præuenerim, eſt cur maximoperè gau<lb></lb>deam; tametſi nihil, quod dignum ſit exſpectatione, <lb></lb>præſtitum ſentio. </s> <s id="id.000999">Quòd autem, cùm Epiſtolam ſu<lb></lb>periorem pellegeretis, id quæſtionis inciderit, de qua <lb></lb>me rogatum voluiſtis, <emph type="italics"></emph>Quàm ob cauſam res flexilis, ve-<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><pb pagenum="158" xlink:href="027/01/157.jpg"></pb><emph type="italics"></emph>luti virga, aut lamina, vbi manu deflexa eſt, dimittente mæ<lb></lb>na moueatur, ſuumque ſitum repetat?<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end> ne moroſus videar, <lb></lb>pauca hæc ſubiicio. </s> <s id="id.001000">Habe primùm in æquilibrio ſu<lb></lb>pra digitum læuæ manus bacillum aliquem tranſuer<lb></lb>ſum: adige deorsùm ictu dextræ manus eius extre<lb></lb>mum, quod ad dextram; videbis extremum ſiniſtrum <lb></lb>ſursùm adigi, ob reſiſtentiam digiti, & continuïta<lb></lb>tem, compactionemque bacilli. </s> <s id="id.001001">Occurrat extremo <lb></lb>ſiniſtro fixum aliquid (vt ſi digitus fuerit ad ſuperex<lb></lb>ſtans quidpiam admotus) tum id extremum reflecte<lb></lb>tur deorſùm, & aliud, quod tu percuſſeris, ſurſùm. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.001002">Cùm duplex ibi motus ſit, vnus directus deorſùm ad <lb></lb>dextram, ſursùm ad læuam; & alius reflexus deorsùm <lb></lb>ad læuam, ſursùm ad dextram: quænam vtriuſque <lb></lb>cauſa eſt? </s> <s id="id.001003">Nempe vnicus manus tuæ ictus; vt vnicus <lb></lb>ictus reticuli eſt, quo adacta pila in parietem tendit, & <lb></lb>à pariete reſilit. </s> <s id="id.001004">Contine deinde bacillum, vnumve il<lb></lb>lius extremum, putà inferius, ſiniſtro pugno: tum, ſi <lb></lb>manu dextra impreſſeris ictum ſuperiori verſus ſini<lb></lb>ſtræ pollicem, perſenties inferius impingi in oppoſi<lb></lb>tam inferiorem ſiniſtræ, partem, ac ſimul perſenties <lb></lb>reflexionem fieri tum inferioris extremi in apicem <lb></lb>auricularis, tum ſuperioris in radicem indicis. </s> <s id="id.001005">Quid <lb></lb>reflexionem hanc faciet? </s> <s id="id.001006">An-non impreſſus à dextra <lb></lb>ictus, & reſiſtentia cùm pollicis, tum inferioris manus <lb></lb>partis? </s> <s id="id.001007">Agnoſces ex his, procul dubio, quid ad quæ<lb></lb>ſtionem dicturus ſim. </s> <s id="id.001008">Scilicet deflexo altero extre<lb></lb>mo rei flexilis, debet alterum ob parem rationem <lb></lb>contineri firmum, debentque eſſe in continente par<lb></lb>tes duæ oppoſitæ, vna exſtantior, quæ reſiſtat, alia <pb pagenum="159" xlink:href="027/01/158.jpg"></pb>profundior quæ repellat (appellabunt mechanici il<lb></lb>lam hypomoclium, hanc onus, vt & rem ipſam flexi<lb></lb>lem, vectem.) Neque obſtat, quòd in allato bacilli <lb></lb>exemplo ictus imprimatur, heic deflexionis tenor ſit; <lb></lb>ſiquidem hic tenor nihil aliud eſt, quàm ſeries quæ<lb></lb>dam continua ictuum, quorum vltimus ille eſt, ad <lb></lb>quem immediatè ſequitur reflexio. </s> <s id="id.001009">Neque obſtat <lb></lb>rurſus, quòd bacillus rigidus ſit, cùm de re flexili aga<lb></lb>tur; nam in flexili quoque re debet eſſe rigiditas, non <lb></lb>omnimoda quidem, ſed aliqua tamen; hoc eſt com<lb></lb>pactio, & firmitudo, quæ quò fuerit maior, eò ſit ve<lb></lb>hementior futura reflexio; cùm &, ſi nulla fuerit, nul<lb></lb>la ſit reflexio futura. </s> <s id="id.001010">Quòd ſi plærúmque plures re<lb></lb>flexiones, ſeu itus, redituſque fiant; cauſa manifeſta <lb></lb>videtur, quòd ad parteis continentis oppoſitas, oppo<lb></lb>ſita quaſi hypomoclia, & onera fiant, quæ vices per<lb></lb>mutent; vt vices permutant duo parietes oppoſiti, in <lb></lb>quorum vnum pilam ita adigis, vt ex illo repercutia<lb></lb>tur in alium, à quo pari modo in priorem reſiliat. <lb></lb></s> <s id="id.001011">Addo in re deflexa tam ſecundum concauam, quàm <lb></lb>ſecundum convexam partem fieri continüam quan<lb></lb>dam ſeriem hypomocliorum, & onerum, à quibus <lb></lb>compreſſio, & repreſſio fiat. </s> <s id="id.001012">Addo eandem rem ſe<lb></lb>cundum partem concauam variè corrugari, ſecun<lb></lb>dum convexam variè hiſcere; & ad illam particulas <lb></lb>quaſdam ſuperficialeis adigi introrsùm; ad iſtam quaſ<lb></lb>dam interiores in ſuperficiem exprimi: ſicque, dum <lb></lb>aſſidua deflexione altera ſuperficies contrahitur, alte<lb></lb>ra ampliatur, fieri curuitatem. </s> <s id="id.001013">Adderem alia; ſed hæc <lb></lb>nimis. </s> <s id="id.001014">Vale iterùm. </s> </p> <p type="main"> <s id="id.001015"><emph type="center"></emph><emph type="italics"></emph>FINIS.<emph.end type="italics"></emph.end><emph.end type="center"></emph.end></s> </p> </chap> </body> <back></back> </text> </archimedes>