Euclid 1966

Euclid (1966), Ji he yuan ben = Jihe yuanben ​ECHO

Part of WO3, or rather a special work order on its own. Sent with DESpecs version 1.1.2.

Sent: ok/date. Returned: 2009-01-05, ​raw text. Came with an unknown characters list (<001> and <002>; see attachment "char code.pdf").

1. First Analysis

Difficulties

• The only text to Formax in Chinese

Special Instructions

• see attachment

2. Questions From Formax

Question

Questions concerning figures and tables, see attachments "email.doc" and "berlin.doc".

Reply

The questions were answered in a few stages, which are not relevant. For the final instructions see "Euclid 1966.txt".

Final Instructions

Final version of the additional instructions for figures and tables: See attachment.

3. Analysis of the Result

We had requested a short sample and were content with the result.

Findings

Unknown characters: <001> appears once in the text and hasn't been included in "ques.xls". It is a badly printed 轂 (U+8F42). It makes sense that they marked it as an unknown character because only by taking the context into account it becomes clear which character is meant.

<002> appears three times and has already appeared in "ques.xls". In "ques.pdf" we told them to transcribe it as U+2F88D. Although this Unicode code point is not included in most Unicode fonts (it is included in Sun-ExtB), we should make it clear for future work orders that they should find every character in Unicode 5.1.0. (Email from 2009-01-05: "There are Chinese characters that we cannot key, and we use <001> and <002> instead of them. We cannot key the word with code 2f88d, so we use <002> instead of it. We have installed the Unicode font, but we cannot find the CJK compatibility ideographs supplement (u+2F800-U+2FA1F) word, can you help us?")

Recommendation

4. Post-Processing

The first XML version of the text is ​here.

Emendations of the raw text

normalize the zero in modern page numbers

s!○!〇!g;  # white circle U+25CB --> ideographic number zero U+3007

ignore outdentation in the preface

if ($line < 153) { s!<p x>!<p>!; } 

pre-process notes that continue on the next line

...

fill in the unknown characters (MSi)

s!<001>!轂!g;  # s!<001>!<unknown code="001" unicode="8F42">轂</unknown>!g;
s!<002>!<unknown code="002" unicode="2F88D">庶</unknown>!g; # the actual Unicode character 庶 breaks oXygen

clarify <?> (the list is not complete!)

s!<？>!<?>!; # line 811: fullwidth question mark U+FF1F --> ASCII question mark U+003F
s!愈<\?>!愈!g; # MSi: the reading is correct
s!丙、等。<?>而戊丙丁、與甲乙丙、又等。!丙、等。而戊丙丁、與甲乙丙、又等。!; # line 1041
# (line 1041: MSi: It is in the middle of a sentence, but a period at this position is quite common nonetheless.) 

missing line breaks (the list is not complete!)

s!小於兩直角。則此二橫直線。!小於兩直角。則此二橫<lb/>直線。!; # line 403; may have to do with the neighboring figure
s!俱小於直角。或幷之小於兩直角。!俱小於直角。或幷之小<lb/>於兩直角。!; # line 404

normalize the hash in the table

s!＃!#!g; # fullwidth number sign U+FF03 --> ASCII hash, i.e. number sign U+0023

move the only table in the text (ECHO p.327) out of its surrounding sentence

s!却云十六與十二之比例。若!却云十六與十二之比例。!;  # line 4562
s!八與三、及二與四之比例。!若<lb/>八與三、及二與四之比例。!; #line 4573

misc. emendations

s!N12<114608657010!N12x114608657010!; # line 5: replace "<" in library stamp junk
s!<pb 六><h>幾何原本　卷一之首</h>!<pb 六><rh>幾何原本　卷一之首</rh>!;  # line 245 (obvious mistake)
s!<h>後支前己正論</h>!<p>後支前己正論</p>!;  # line 2175 (Tian Miao: wrong tag)
if ($line == 2992) { s!<h>第三十四題</h>!<h>第十四題</h>!; }  # line 2992 (obvious mistake)

Further processing steps

• metadata
• unknown characters
• figures
• the table on ECHO p.327
• ad hoc tagging of book covers, preface, chapters, chapter heads, chapter mains, backmatter
• page breaks
  • The ECHO pages 215 to 220 reduplicate the pages 209 to 214 and have been typed only once
• headings
  • notes in headings
  • headings at the lowest level
• paragraphs
  • normalize the periods: there should always be a period before </p> and </sm> (if the period is missing, insert an ASCII period)
  • turn small text into notes
  • tag sentences
  • end each line with <lb/>
  • outdented paragraphs

Some remaining issues

• The metadata may be incorrect in details.
• Will the <var> in figures collide with the normal <var>?
• Replacing <001> by the correct character works fine, but <002> is in a higher plane of Unicode and kills off oXygen, so I have used the simpler standard version of this character.
• Some <?> have been post-processed already, and I have removed the respective <?> tags because a <?> tag has no value in itself once the line has been checked. See below the list of lines which contain <?> and/or @ and haven't been post-processed yet.
• The <desc> and <var> in figures have not been used very consistently. (They did not use <cap> at all, but I only know of one figure where it would make sense to use it.)
• Figures and note have no place attribute.
• No <num>, <var> (outside of figures), <ptr>, no IDs yet.
• The parts of problems with more than one part have not been encoded yet.
• Four books, i.e. four titles, one in the front (attribute n=1) and three in the body (n=1, 2, 3).

List of remaining <?> and @

Lines which contain <?> and/or @ and haven't been post-processed yet. ("。</s><s><unsure/>" means that the period is unclear. And one artifact sentence "。</s><s><unsure/>.</s>")

3324:  <s>餘<unsure/>二倣此。</s>
4196:  <s>旣甲丙戊、與乙甲<lb/> 丙、等。</s><s><unsure/>而戊丙丁、與甲乙丙、又等。</s>
4389:  <s>末作乙戊直線。</s><s><unsure/>.</s>
8267:  <s>從戊作戊己、戊庚、兩垂線。</s><s><unsure/>旣等。</s>
8692:  <s>有兩種幾何<unsure/>。</s>
8698:  <s>其元<unsure/>大者 <pb pagenumber="一四五" pagenumberE="145" rhead="幾何原本　卷三" echo="173"/>
12899:  <var>九，十八，十二，三，二，十四，十八，四，八，卅六，廾<unsure/>四，六，四，廾<unsure/>八，卅六，八</var>
14585:  <s>若倍甲之庚。</s><s><unsure/>大於倍<lb/> 乙之癸。</s>
16981:  <s>得<unsure/>
19053:  <var>壬<unsure/>癸甲乙辛</var>
19606:  <var>@甲午<unsure/>未</var>
21516:  <var>癸辛壬<unsure/></var>
22359:  <var>庚戊己壬<unsure/>癸丁甲乙辛丙</var>

8695:  <s>@增至於無窮。</s>
8697:  <s>@減至於無窮。</s>
10738:  <var>甲乙丙@</var>
13927:  <s>@ <pb pagenumber="二三九" pagenumberE="239" rhead="幾何原本　卷五" echo="279"/>
14004:  <s>@ <pb pagenumber="二四一" pagenumberE="241" rhead="幾何原本　卷五" echo="281"/>
14495:  <s>@ <pb pagenumber="二四九" pagenumberE="249" rhead="幾何原本　卷五" echo="289"/>
16549:  <s>俱@此論。</s>
16550:  <s>可@全題之旨。</s>
19606:  <var>@甲午<unsure/>未</var>
21401:  <var>辰@卯</var>